Etobicoke Civic Centre Design Competition Stage Two RFP No. 2017 – 006 | April 6, 2017 KPMB Architects | West 8
Table of Contents Design Description
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Sustainability Statement
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Presentation Panels
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“Perhaps reverence is what we need to arrive at sustainable cities; reverence for the environment, reverence for each other, reverence for the work of city building.� - Paul
Woodruff, Reverence: Renewing a forgotten Virtue
Design St
tatement
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Courtyard
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Design Statement
L 20
L 4 - 19
Sky Court
L3
Civic Tower
L2
Porch 3
Council Chamber Meeting House L1 Civic Square
Office Space Office space
Porch
Civic Square
Community Service Space Community Service Space Civic Space Civic Space Support Space Support Space Community recreation Centre Community Rec. Centre Toronto Public Library Branch Phase 2 Toronto Public Library
LL 1 - 2
Day Care Day Care Parking Parking
Office Space
ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
Community Service Space
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE Birds DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Eye View from Southwest
Civic Heart Where the Alders Grow The name Etobicoke originates with the Mississauga First Nation, who called the Etobicoke Creek and surrounding area ‘Adobigok’, meaning ‘where the alders grow’. In imagining a new civic heart for Etobicoke, we drew our inspiration from both the deep and recent history of the city and the region - from the great indigenous forests of Ontario, and traditions of building of the First Nations and the early settlers, to the post-war modernist vision of the municipality. The design harmonizes architecture, landscape, sustainability and infrastructure to create an integrated civic hub. It embodies optimism and confidence in the public realm as the space of mutual accommodation where all are welcome. Every space – inside and out, and on every level – expresses the values of democracy through qualities of transparency, connectivity, universal accessibility, and bold sustainability. In its massing, siting, and expression the design reinforces the City’s vision to transform the Westwood Theatre Lands and the “spaghetti junction” into a vibrant, pedestrianfriendly, urban mixed-used civic centre. The new Etobicoke Civic Centre (ECC) is planned as a civic landscape rather than a singular building. It is composed of three primary formal elements: Porch Civic Square (Civic Living Room) Office Tower The Porch is a two storey podium with a wood soffit that houses the most public components of the program. It is open to the south and frames the Civic Living Room. The Recreation Centre and future Library are sited on Kipling within the Porch. The west wing features an outdoor running track on the roof and a sunken court set into the Recreation Centre. A café restaurant is located under the east wing and features a terrace facing west so that it receives the last rays of sunlight. The Daycare Centre is located on the second floor, with access to a series of outdoor, enclosed playgrounds. The Library can be built now or at a later stage under the roof of the West Porch in the southwest corner of the site.
The Civic Living Room is the central square with the clearing for gatherings under the Council Chamber and Meeting House at the north end of the square. It is fully integrated with a landscape concept that evokes the pre-settlement Ontario landscape: a forest of Jack Pines. The tall trunks of the pines allow for transparency at all times and maximize the usability of the ground plan of the square while providing smaller places and shade. The Office Tower is a sustainable, flexible concrete loft, with two wings sliding past each other. The Meeting House and public counter for municipal services are located under the tower. There is transparency from Bloor to Dundas through these spaces, and through the Civic Living Room. In expression it evokes a post-Miesian quality through the use of projecting mullions in light bronze and glass.
Net-Zero Exemplar The design embodies a whole building solution that is planned to establish the ECC as an exemplar, simultaneously advancing net-zero energy targets while prioritizing the health and well -being of the citizens and the workforce of Etobicoke. At the heart of the design is the drive to maximize daylight and natural ventilation in every space of the ECC. These aspirations have been placed at the core of the architectural expression, in massing, orientation, plan order, indoor and outdoor environmental conditions, and building technologies. The design is set to achieve as close to net-zero as possible and integrates an aggressive energy-efficient strategy to reinforce the vision of the ECC to lead the way to a healthy, net-zero community and to establish the ECC as one of the top five energy-efficient high-rise buildings in Canada.
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Civic Landscape The combination of the more densely planted area of ferns and flowering ground cover framed with a seating edge and more open paved areas creates a relaxed quiet space to hang out in as well as functional areas for gathering and public events. Under the canopy of the trees in the more open area of the square, a discreet water feature creates a mist floating above a fine layer of water, which can be drained when required for public events. An elevated plateau two steps high in front of the Meeting House suggests a stage or simply a place where people can hang out day-to-day.
Kipling Av enue
The entire ground level terrain is extremely porous, with generouslyscaled indoor and outdoor pedestrian paths that provide universal access from the surrounding streets.
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Bloor Street
West
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Dundas Street West
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Evening view from Dundas Street
Meeting House The Meeting House - a generous flexible indoor gathering space - is effectively an extension of the Civic Living Room.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN - STAGE 2 Summer - On Market Day the Meeting House is an Extension of COMPETITION the Civic Living Room
Civic Living Room The Civic Square opens to Dundas Street to the south, and the future Park to the south-east and is conceived as a Civic Landscape, inspired by a typical Ontarian landscape: the Jack Pine forest. Fully mature Jack Pines are planted in the Civic Living Room and carefully calibrated to provide shade, amenity, and delight. With an open and high canopy and cloud structured branches and pine leaves, the trees are planted in an irregular pattern, which invites and supports different scales of gathering and interaction through the seasons: from 20, 200, 2000, 20000. We imagined what will, or could, take place here daily, and seasonally for festivals, commemorations, celebrations, concerts and dances. The Civic Square is paved in stone, scored in a ‘boardwalk’ pattern.
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Typical Day
50 Stall Farmers Market
800 Person Event
800 Person Movie Screening
250 Person Seated Movie Screening
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ETOBICOKE CENTRE STAGE 2 Looking into CIVIC the Jack PineDESIGN ForestCOMPETITION with Informal- Seating
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Summer Evening - The Civic Living Room Supports Different Scales of Events
Civic Tower Located at the north-east portion of the site to optimize sunlight in the later afternoon, the Civic Tower comprises two, column-free concrete lofts staggered on either side of a central core. The core includes a series of stacked atria with interconnecting stairs, which simultaneously contribute to the energy reduction strategy and encourage collaboration and teamwork. The roof level of the southern loft is imagined as a shared meeting and event space for City employees, with a spectacular outdoor Sky Court, affording views of Lake Ontario, the Humber River and Toronto’s skyline. The exterior façades vary in response to their specific orientation, and are expressed in a warm light bronze tones, which complement the wood construction of the Porch.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE COMPETITION - STAGE 2 The Porch opens up to the South eastDESIGN Connection to the Future Park
Council Chamber The wood clad Council Chamber is suspended in the upper volume of the Meeting House as a visible icon of our democracy.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
Porch The U-shaped Porch defines the streetscape and the pure form of the Civic Living Room, establishing a human-scale on the streetscapes. It is asymmetrical, with a wider west wing to accommodate the Recreation Centre and the Library – both a prominent presence on Kipling Avenue. The Sky Garden at the upper level of the Recreation Centre serves as a public outdoor space that can be fully programmed. The east wing is dedicated to the Daycare program on the upper level, with a market restaurant at grade. The green roof of the Porch is diverse and flowering, creating a habitat for birds and bees. The roof incorporates accessible terraces to serve the Councillor Offices and Meeting Rooms. An outdoor running track offers a unique recreational opportunity in the heart of the Civic Centre.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE COMPETITION - STAGE Bloor StreetDESIGN and Road B Entrance to ECC2
Civic Spaces
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Winter - Community Service Space Facing Bloor Street
Civic Space
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ETOBICOKE CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Civic lobby and Gallery lookingCIVIC south to Meeting House and Civic Square
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CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION STAGE 2 View from Bloor and Kipling of EntranceETOBICOKE to Recreation centre and Community Service- Spaces
Etobicoke Community Centre
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CIVIC CENTRE to DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Glazing of the Upper Volume of the Pool ConnectsETOBICOKE Recreational Activities the Life of the Civic Square
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Sustainability
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ty Statement
ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
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Performance by Design The City of Etobicoke’s ambition to develop the Etobicoke Civic Centre as a net-zero community challenged us to create a climate responsive solution in which aesthetics and performance are seamlessly integrated. Our design is the outcome of a ‘performance by design’ philosophy where the aspirations for the building’s performance are placed at the core of the architectural expression. The overarching goals of the project are apparent in all the basic decisions relating to the building’s massing, orientation, plan order, indoor and outdoor environmental conditions, and building technologies. All of these aspects are elements of the whole. This philosophy of design drove our approach and would form the basis of our methodology should our scheme be selected.
Health and Well Being There is no sustainability without healthy people. This must be the first priority for the new ECC. This serves to bolster the urgency of adopting energy efficient design strategies, which simultaneously lower energy, improve occupant comfort, productivity and well being. At at the heart is the drive to maximize daylight and natural ventilation in every space of the ECC. 34
The energy and GHG emission reduction targets are achieved with strategies that simultaneously reinforce the vision of the ECC to lead the way to a healthy, net-zero community. Our proposed design draws on the lessons learned and proven successes of past projects as well as quantitative and qualitative measures related to greater productivity and work place satisfaction. Specifically Transsolar & KPMB work together on Manitoba Hydro Place in Winnipeg. It remains one of the most energy efficient high-rise office buildings in the world and served as a case study from which we adapted lessons learned and applied proven strategies to the design of the new ECC. The following sustainability statement presents a set of multi-faceted strategies that came out of an Integrated Design Process and were assembled into a whole building solution that will establish the ECC as an exemplar, simultaneously advancing net-zero energy targets while contributing to community building.
Strategies that increase occupant comfort result in energy savings KPMB ARCHITECTS | WEST 8
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Summer in the Civic Living Room: a dry misting system provides evaporative cooling during the hot summer months. The system releases droplets so small they ETOBICOKE CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 evaporate,CIVIC instantly cooling the air.
1.0 Net-Zero Building, Net-Zero Community As the center of this challenge is to develop the ECC building in a manner that will cement the future of the Etobicoke Civic Centre as a net-zero community. We thought deeply about how every space – inside and out - would be used and how the overall building would become a hub for community gathering. We maximized flexibility, access to fresh air and natural light, and spaces for gathering - through all seasons. The proposed design is set to meet stringent energy efficient standards and achieve an 80% carbon reduction compared to comparable building operating in the 90s. Ontario’s electricity grid currently relies on 30% fossil fuels. With the implementation of the additional recommendations for Tier 4 (including decentralized geothermal and substantial PV/T) the design would produce on site 25% of annual energy use through renewable sources. This would offset the GHG emission generated by the grid essentially reaching net-zero carbon emissions.
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The design prioritizes concepts of biophilia with the emphasis on trees and plants on the square and rooftops reinforces the therapeutic effects of greenery and its impact on stress reduction. Citizens and visitors will immediately feel at ease. The proposal to plan a forest of pines in the square, combined with the green roof strategies, will increase the percentage of oxygen, purify the air and create a memorable green public space for the ECC.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Jack Pine Canopy over the Civic Square
2.0 Financing for Sustainability Measures We look forward to supporting the City and Build Toronto in exploring funding for sustainable measures through government grants and tax credits described on page 18 of the RFP. In addition, we are inspired to support the ECC to achieve its net-zero ambitions by also proposing alternate methods of financing such as with an Energy Saving Performance Agreement (ESPA). This non-debt instrument enables building owners and developers to transfer risk of technological change and reduce push back on achieving large energy reductions. Groups such as the Toronto Atmospheric fund have implemented these ESPA’s successfully throughout the GTA. Another vehicle we would propose is the Energy Savings Warrantees provided by groups such as Energi, who are partnered with Hannover RE. Access to these funding initiatives are powerful tools to liberate budget constraints and provide Measurement and Verification over the life of the contract.
3.0 Minimum Sustainability Requirements The following confirms the proposed design of the ECC adheres to the minimum sustainability requirements outlined in Section 3.0 of the RFP. 5% On-Site Renewables: 5% renewable energy will be met with 1,275 m² of PV, 600 m² of solar thermal, or 400 m² of PV/T. 38
Tier 2 (Version 3) Compliance: Mandated EUI, TEDI, and GHGI, are met according to our calculations of the proposed designs energy requirements. The design achieves compliance with 65% of thermal energy from renewable resources. All of the T2 requirements are met. Please see Section 4.1 for further discussion.
Tier 2
EUI (kWh/m²)
TEDI (kWh/m²)
GHGI (kg eCO2/m²)
130
30
15
Tier 4
65
15
4
Proposed Design
102
29
12
City Green Roof Policy: The proposed design includes 4,800 m² of green roof meeting the required area of 8,000 m² (60% of total available roof area not used for renewable energy production). The following energy story chart is also provided on page 47. 90s Baseline Budgeted Design T2 Design T4 Design TGS T4 EUI
TGS T2 EUI
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Behaviour
Importantly conservation also necessitates a culture of responsibilit amongst occupant
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE STAGE 2 Casual Seating in the CivicDESIGN SquareCOMPETITION looking on to- Dundas
4.0 Additional Sustainability Requirements: Toward Net-Zero The City of Toronto is a global leader in the transition to a low carbon society. Our goal is to design a building that will rival the most energy efficient buildings in Canada, and lay the groundwork for the building as the heart of the emerging net-zero energy community. We believe we can meet this goal, with our design aligning with to such exemplars of energy efficient design in Canada, as Manitoba Hydro Place, which is among the most energy efficient buildings in the world (for its climate). Compared to a typical office building operating in the 90’s Tier 2 design at its base already represents an 80% reduction in GHG emissions. As well it would meet the 65% thermal sourced from renewable energy.
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Considering such additional innovative strategies as a decentralized geothermal system, the design is conceived to exceed the Tier 2 minimum requirement to achieve as close to TGS 4 V3 and approach a carbon neutral building with 100% of thermal energy provided by renewable resources goals of Toronto Green Standards (TGS) T4.
A
D
E
B
To achieve the goals for the ECC, we advocate an Integrated Design Process (IDP) involving the City of Etobicoke, Build Toronto, Mississauga of the New Credit First Nations, potential builders, architects, landscape architects, climate engineers, engineers and key user representatives. This process relies on a full, mutual understanding from all parties involved, of the impact of design decisions on comfort, operation and cost. We expect to make modifications and changes to our design.
Where is the Energy Used? Energy use was estimated for all the program types using dynamic thermal energy simulation, taking into account weather, envelope and the unique demands of various programs. Future weather was considered when discussing design decisions regarding systems and the envelope, however current weather data was used for the calculations. The graph in the bottom right hand corner breaks down the building energy use by program, Energy Use Intensity (EUI) and by floor area. Along the Y-axis energy use shows the intensity by which any given space consumes energy, along the X-axis program types are broken down. The thickness of the bar is scaled to the space each program will represent in the building. As a result the area of the bar on the chart represents total energy use of that program. The office tower clearly makes up the single largest block, representing almost 70% of energy use in the building. Thus it is also the largest area of concern for keeping energy use in check.
A Office:
67%
B Recreation
16%
Center:
C Percent of total building energy use
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Net-Zero Through IDP
C Library: D Civic: E Daycare:
5% 3% 2%
F Support: G Community:
5% 5%
Sustainability Statement
Building EUI / GHGI / TGS 4 V3+ In total, considering the floor area of the diverse program elements, the total EUI is just over 100 kWh/ m²/yr. Considering the two most energy efficient office buildings that exist in Canada (Manitoba Hydro Place and A Grander View, Kitchener) are 80-90 kWh/m²/yr this is an aggressive target. The whole building GHG intensity comes in at 12 kg eCO2/m²/ yr, this amounts to a total of 527 tons eCO2/yr. The proposed T2 design meets all the requirements of the Toronto Green Standard Tier 2. Some assumptions used to calculate the T4 targets are currently challenging to achieve with standard commercially available products, such as a lighting power density of 4 W/m². If some of these values are used it steadily becomes easier to achieve T4.
Using benchmarking data for the Great Lakes region, and emissions factors for 1990 - 2013 (provided by the City of Toronto) for natural gas and electricity, the proposed design demonstrates an 80% reduction of GHG emissions over a typical building operation in the 90s. Reductions in GHG emissions and total EUI are more achievable than reductions in thermal energy demand. This is a reflection of the fact that switching to a low carbon energy supply (electricity versus natural gas) and using more efficient systems (higher COPs) easily drives down emissions without affecting thermal energy requirements. To a certain extent this is also a reflection of the high internal gains and resulting cooling loads that are an unavoidable part of a high density of tower.
Our goal is to rival the most energy efficient buildings in Canada! 140
Lighting
Heating
Cooling
Equipment
Lighting
Equipment
Fan
250
50
40 GWh
130 GWh
100 GWh
740 GWh
230 GWh
150 GWh 80 GWh 230 GWh
100
3,150 GWh
Energy Use Intensity (kWh/m²)
60
150 80
20
0
50
0 ECC
Offi
ce
To we r
Equipment
300
200
100
40
Lighting
Fan
Fan
120
60
Cooling
GHG Emissions Intensity (kg eCO2/m²)
Cooling
Heating
Energy Use Intensity (kWh/m²)
Heating
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Co Civ Su Li Da R Pla Pa m ic pp bra ec za Ce ycar rkin m or ry un g e nt t ity er
Benchmark
40
30
20
10
0 ECC
Benchmark
EUI and total energy use of program element in T2 design
ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
4.1 Conservation First 4.1.A Begin with Passive Design The most cost-effective, direct and significant step to achieving a net-zero target is through reduced consumption of energy. This imperative is expressed in the architecture of the building at a fundamental level: performance through design. This includes planning for and integrating thermally efficient envelopes, optimum daylighting and natural ventilation strategies, and in this way reduce or where possible eliminate mechanical systems.
Climate Responsive Massing
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The tower has been sited to block winter northerly winter winds, and allow for good solar access throughout the year. The solution is the outcome of a series of studies, beginning with the proposed massing provided by the City. The location of the tower element on the north-east corner proved to have the least shadow impact on the Civic Square and proposed public park to the south-east (the north-west corner option would have created the most shadow on the square, particularly in the latter part of the day during winter (months). The podium is kept low to optimize natural daylight into the square and achieve a pedestrian scale.
N
Massing Blocks Northerly Winter Winds Yet Allows For Good Daylight Access To Plaza
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Indoor: The overall mass of the office tower as proposed is further developed: the parallel floorplates are shifted further to the east and west respectively, and split apart to create a space in between for a series of stacked atria with interconnecting stairs. This reduces the effective depth of the floor plate to simultaneously contribute to better natural air ventilation and better daylighting. As well, the atria that this strategy creates promote a culture of collaboration by providing informal gathering space for employees from different departments to mix. The interconnecting stairs encourage physical activity, while reducing elevator use (and by extension reduces energy consumption). Every program element – the Library, the Recreation Centre, the Daycare Centre, the Council Chamber, the Restaurant space on the Square, the Meeting House and spaces for municipal services – was equally studied, shaped, and detailed to ensure the energy efficient strategies are achieved to reinforce the health and well-being of the users.
Sustainability Statement
PASSIVE STRATEGY: Office Tower and Envelope Energy use in the office tower has the largest impact on the building’s total energy use. As such it is the single program area in the building where it is most important to fully develop an energy efficiency strategy. Office building typologies represent a unique design case because their energy use is much more driven by internal gains from office equipment and occupants than most other building types. Energy use in offices mostly falls into two camps: •
Energy used for lighting, plug loads and cooling internal gains
•
Ventilation
Due to this (at least in the office tower) it is not heat loss we are concerned with in the winter it is excessive heat gain! Ironically, the better our envelope becomes the more extreme is the trend. A low quality envelope may require a significant amount of heating energy, especially at night in the winter, but in certain circumstances it helps prevent overheating in space types with high internal gains and high solar gains.
A key strategy is to improve the quality of the envelope especially to allow for more efficient mechanical systems such as radiant slab, and in certain cases the elimination of perimeter heating. In the case of the proposed design this has changed the way we approached specifying the envelope characteristics. We came to the realization that we can have higher Window to Wall Ration (WWR) on the south as long as we have sufficient shading. The proposed design includes the following envelope properties: •
Triple-glazing with two low-e coatings will likely allow for the elimination of perimeter fin tube heating
•
45% WWR east and west, 85% north and south
•
Operable pressure regulated openings at slab allow for natural ventilation, reduce fans energy consumption
•
Fixed shading provided by 0.5 m horizontal louvres at slab and vertical louvres at 1.5 m intervals
Office building typologies represent a unique design case because their energy is driven by internal gains and occupants
ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
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Office Tower, Shading and Daylight Numerous shading studies were completed to compare the effectiveness of various shading strategies, both for peak cooling demand (radiant slab can only provide up to 30 W/m²) and for total thermal energy use. Because of the slight difference between different shading cases, the final louvre design was optimized, considering also daylight access in addition to energy usage. A higher glazing ratio allows for improved daylighting, which is an important strategy for reducing electricity usage and managing cooling loads (from lighting fixture heat gains).
Hor. Louvre A
Hor. Louvre B y=1
y=1 x=2
z=4
Daylight modelling results show that high glazing levels on the north and south greatly increase the daylight availability in the center of the towers floorplate.
a=1
a=2
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b=1
b=1
Vert. Louvre A
Vert. Louvre B
25.0 South façade
East façade
West façade
Thermal Energy Use (kWh/m²)
Thermal Energy Use (kWh/m²)
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
Space Heating kWh/m²
0.0 Automated Exterior Shades
Fixed Screen
Hor. Louvre B
Hor. Louvre A
Vert. Louvre B
Vert. Louvre A
No Shading
Automated Exterior Shades
Fixed Screen
Hor. Louvre B
Hor. Louvre A
Vert. Louvre B
Vert. Louvre A
No Shading
Automated Exterior Shades
Fixed Screen
Hor. Louvre B
Hor. Louvre A
Vert. Louvre B
Vert. Louvre A
No Shading
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Space Cooling kWh/m²
Sustainability Statement
Greater WWR dramatically increases daylight availability in the Office Tower
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45% WWR North, East, South, and West Faรงade
45% WWR East And West Faรงade, 85% WWR North and South
ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
Advancing Net-Zero Strategies: Alternate Envelope Design Ultimately it was determined that the only shading strategy that provided a significant reduction over the case without shading was automatic exterior shading. Exterior automatic shading would result in a 10 kWh/ m² thermal cooling energy, which translates roughly to 3 kWh/m² electricity savings. Due to this relatively small savings it was difficult to rationalize the extra cost of automatic exterior shading as part of the base case design. However, including automated exterior shading can be considered as an alternate envelope design. As exterior shading requires wind protection, the louvres would become sidewalls for a box window that would incorporate the roller shades.
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This has the added benefit of providing some preheating to the air entering the offices through the natural ventilation openings, extending the period that the building can remain in natural ventilation mode. In the proposed design natural ventilation is possible ~25% of the year, assuming a lower outdoor temperature cutoff of 14 °C. With preheat this could be reduced to 5 °C. This would increase the percent of the year when natural ventilation is possible to approximately ~40%. This increase is represented in the two charts below, which show for every hour of the year, whether or not outdoor conditions fall within acceptable range. It should also be noted that this strategy will only work for days that are also sunny, which is why the full 50% of the year that falls into the appropriate range was slightly discounted.
Station Name: cwec_on_toronto
24 h 12 h 0h Jan
Feb
Mar
April
May
June
July
5 to 9 C: 939 hrs (10.7%) 9 to 13 C: 1004 hrs (11.5%) 13 to 18 C: 1098 hrs (12.5%) Outdoor air temperature between 5 to 26 C and humidity ratio between 2 to 14 g/kg: 4499 hrs (51.4%)
Aug
Sep
Oct
18 to 22 C: 949 hrs (10.8%)
Nov
Dec
22 to 26 C: 509 hrs (5.8%)
Station Name: cwec_on_toronto
24 h 12 h 0h Jan
Feb
Mar
April
May
June
14 to 16 C: 639 hrs (7.3%) 16 to 19 C: 571 hrs (6.5%) 19 to 21 C: 588 hrs (6.7%) Outdoor air temperature between 14 to 26 C and humidity ratio between 2 to 14 g/kg: 2397 hrs (27.4%)
Hours natural ventilation is possible with a 5 °c and 14 °c lower temperature cutoff
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July
Aug
Sep
21 to 24 C: 349 hrs (4%)
Oct
Nov 24 to 26 C: 250 hrs (2.9%)
Dec
Sustainability Statement
Operable spandrel blocks vent to create preheating flowpath
Shading provides preheat during natural ventilation period
Vented shading blocks glare in mechanical ventilation period
OUTSIDE
OUTSIDE
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Winter Mode
Summer Mode
Shade allows for air preheat in winter, blocks unwanted heat gain
Alternate faรงade includes operable exterior shade in box window
Simple enhanced faรงade strategies can double the natural ventilation period
ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2
4.1.B Systems Second Comparable to the cost of passive architectural elements, active systems are more expensive, yet still maintain an important role in overall energy use reduction. The section displayed below shows the typical mechanical system design for the building. •
Dedicated outdoor air supply (DOAS) provides fresh air through fixed air raised plenum
•
Radiant slab provides space heating and cooling
•
Operable vents provide ability to enter natural ventilation mode
DOAS and radiant slab are the most efficient combination of space ventilation and conditioning strategies available.
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Compared to a typical all air mechanical system, a DOAS system only supplies the amount of fresh air required by the occupants. This results in significant fan energy saving due to much lower air change rates. As well this would provide significant spatial benefits from fewer and smaller ducts.
concrete slab with radiant cooling and heating
high efficiency LED lighting
ceiling fans for comfort at higher temperature/humidity
Radiant slab, as opposed to other hydronic space conditioning systems, such as passive chilled beams (PCBs), is able to use water temperatures at a much lower temperature difference to the spaces. This means that conditioned water can be supplied to heat or cool the space more efficiently with much less system heat loss. Adding the abilility for the building to enter natural ventilation mode during periods with appropriate temperatures in the shoulder seasons, can further reduce fan energy, while also providing benefits to the occupants from higher ventilation rates. The following are proposed configuration of the natural ventilation supply and exhaust strategy the office tower design relies on using four storey atriums to collect return air and exhaust to the exterior.
DOAS and radiant slab heating/cooling is the most efficient system combination for space conditioning transfer air from private offices back to to main air volume
supply air provided to space through raised floor
operable spandrel for natural ventilation
OUTSIDE
Typical office section, comfort provided through manipulating air speed (fan), surface temperature (radiant slab), fresh air (DOAS) and through occupant control (operable ventilation flaps)
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Sustainability Statement
4.1.C Approaches for further reductions: Occupant controlled loads
4.1.D Approaches for further reductions: Systems
As detailed below the EUI of the office tower is broken down into end uses, including heating energy use into space and ventilation heating, and cooling energy use into space, ventilation, and dehumidification. Remaining energy usage is dominated by lighting loads and equipment loads.
The biggest portion of energy usage that remains to be tackled through building systems is from ventilation air (much more so than cooling and space heating from façade losses). This includes fan energy, as well as ventilation air heating, cooling and dehumidification. While it is not possible to reduce ventilation rates, it is possible to reduce energy consumption through natural ventilation, and through additional active and renewable energy systems.
The current lighting energy consumption levels were calculated with a lighting power density of 6 W/m². This is already an aggressive but achievable target. The assumed LPD values used for the calculation of the TGS T4 EUI target were 4 W/m². Our experience is that to date this is not yet achievable with current lighting products currently on the market, but rather is an aspirational target for future designs. This would however, make a significant dent in the proposed building EUI.
The additional active systems which go above and beyond the base design include: • Free geothermal cooling/free geothermal ventilation air preheat • Automated external shading • Swimming pool as a heat sink
As well equipment energy loads are difficult to target because they are very much influenced by occupant behaviour and thus up to not only the designer, but the individuals and the culture of the work place. Reducing these may be possible, but it will only be through an intensive user engagement campaign once the building is built and operational.
The adjoining annotated bar chart shows some details on what these systems would look like and how they would work.
LPD
T2
T4
Total Savings
6 W/m²
4 W/m²
10 kWh/m²
Assumptions used to meet T2, assumption used to calculate the T4 required targets which are not currently achievable
Space Heating
Ventilation Heating
Heatpump COP of 3 and higher quality envelope
Space Cooling
Ventilation Cooling
100
40
20
Budgeted Design 9
19
60
10 11
20
25
Further envelope improvements Better glazing reduces solar gain
Fans
Total
52
58
25
Energy recovery ventilation Higher efficiency lighting More efficient computers and applicances
LED used in all spaces DOAS systems reduce fan requirements
T2 Design 3 19
PV/T ventilation ait preheat Automated shading Free cooling increase COP further
Plug Loads
90s Baseline
Ventillation energy recovery Better envelope creates moments where cooling becomes necessary
Lighting
5 11
36
20
8 User engagement campaigns curtail wasteful practices
T4 Design
LED task lighting
65 T4 Required EUI
T2 Required EUI
The cumulative reductions required to get the building design to extremely energy efficient values is the result of various discreet improvements in various building systems such as the building envelope and mechanical systems, over and above changes to the building massing and orientation.
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Natural Ventilation Mode In the natural ventilation mode, the outdoor air goes in from the operable flap at the slab edge and rises from floor grills into the office space (this process happens perpendicular to the paper, so it is not illustrated). Then air travels to the multistory atrium and is exhausted to the exterior with smoke exhaust fans (as shown in this illustration).
E
C B
D
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Mechanical Ventilation Mode A
In the mechanical ventilation mode, the outdoor air is supplied to pressure floor plenum and rises from floor grills into the office space. Then air travels to the multistory atrium and is exhausted to the exterior with AHU fans (most of this process cannot be shown in the section view).
C
B
A Supply air from East and West Atrium B Daylight penetration
D
C Triple glazed high performance curtain wall system D Vent above horizontal blades and movable siding on the East, West and South E Outdoor air is supplied to a pressurized floor plenum, which is distributed to office space
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Natural Ventilation Mode 1 2 3 4
Outdoor air goes in from operable flap at the slab edge Once inside the building, the air rises from floor grills into the office spaces Air travels to the multistorey atrium Air is exhausted to the exterior with smoke exhaust fans
4
2 1 3
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Mechanical Ventilation Mode 5 6 7 8 9
Outdoor air goes in from operable flap at the slab edge Air rises from floor grills into the office spaces (not shown) Air travels to the multistorey atrium Heat recovery reduces energy demand of conditioning ventilation air Air is exhausted to the exterior with AHU fans
9 5
8
7
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Mechanical ventilation mode: Track, Pool, Daycare: Over-head / wall distribution Mechanical ventillation mode Track, Pool, Daycare: Over-head / wall distribution
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Natural ventilation mode: Track, Pool, Daycare: Operable windows
Natural ventillation mode Track, Pool, Daycare: Operable windows
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CIVIC CENTRECommunity DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 Detail of ETOBICOKE pools in the Etobicoke Recreation Centre
4.2 Renewable Energy To achieve the highest on-site thermal renewal energy supply and generate the highest amount of electricity required the following strategies are proposed to be considered for integration into the design:
Ventilation Heat Recovery As is common in modern energy efficient buildings, our design includes the incorporation of highly efficient ventilation heat recovery. Further study is required to evaluate which variety is most appropriate for the various program elements. In the office a total energy recovery wheel will likely be most effective as high summertime humidity levels will engender high dehumidification requirements. In areas like the pool where maintaining the separation of the air streams is more important an option such as run-around heat recovery may be the most appropriate.
Heat Recovery from Waste Water 56
Communal recreation facilities provide the perfect situation for applying the principals of heat recovery to waste water streams. The application of this technology will allow the Recreation Centre to significantly offset the amount of energy used for heating water for showering, and other purposes.
Solar Toronto receives approximately 1,300 kWh/m² of total solar radiation per year. This sunlight provides a good resource that can be applied to making up some of the energy demand of the building (besides the already important role of providing daylighting). Most obviously these solar resources can be used for generating electricity with photovoltaic (PV) panels, but also can be collected with solar thermal panels for preheating ventilation air. Further opportunities exist if solar thermal and PV are combined into photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) panels, which maximize the utility of limit roof area.
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District Energy Toronto is already a world leader in the district energy systems with Enwave. Developing a net-zero district energy system for the Etobicoke Civic Center will renew and strengthen Toronto’s role as leader in this area. Our proposal is conceived to support the proposed district energy system, as described in Section 3.0 of the RFP. However, through an IDP process we propose to work closely with the thermal energy supplier to ensure the connection provides optimal performance and utilizes its full potential, inclusive of geothermal. Ultimately, our goal to design the district energy system to anticipate what buildings of the future will actually need. This may mean lower supply temps for heating, and higher for cooling. Designing this flexibility into the system facilitates the future ability of buildings to operate as efficiently as possible. One possible configuration that allows such a system is a common shared geothermal water loop, with the heat pumps located in the buildings. This also allows buildings to enter symbiotic relationships shifting heat between them to gain overall greater system efficiency.
District Energy System Geothermal
Building
Heat Pump Energy Flow
District Energy System Geothermal
Building Heat Pump
Decentralized district energy allows for greater interaction between building and the system, as well as between buildings
Sustainability Statement
Providing 5% of Total Energy with Renewables
Providing 100% of Thermal Energy With Renewables
Offsetting energy is proposed to achieve renewables energy systems. The 5% target can be provided with photovoltaic (PV), solar thermal, or even photovoltaicthermal (PVT).
Using the values provided by the City of Toronto for a district system the scheme is on track and is set up for a progression of reductions with the application of a selection of additional strategies we are proposing. If the scheme goes forward with the “free geothermal” district system it would facilitate reaching the target of 100% of “thermal energy” provided by “renewable” sources.
Assuming 175 kWh/m² yr for PV the project could produce 5% of its energy demand with approximately 1,275 m² of panels. Roughly 1,425 m² is available on the roof of the top floor event space and mechanical penthouse for renewable energy generation. Heating ventilation air in the winter accounts for approximately 20% of the buildings energy consumption. Even providing a quarter of this amount with solar thermal would satisfy the renewable energy requirement. Roughly 600 m² of solar thermal collectors could save 35% of the energy required for preheating ventilation air for the office tower. This amounts to approximately 5% of total building energy use.
Case
Percent Renewables
District system, 5% PV
65%
District system, External Shading, 5% PV
70%
District system, External Shading 15% PVT
85%
Decentralized district system, 5% PV
~100%
Reducing the largest energy users (lighting and plug loads) requires occupant buy-in
Twentieth Floor Sky Court
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4.3 Resilience The resiliency of the scheme as proposed embodies a concept of holistic sustainability: environmental, cultural, demographic and economic. The design prioritizes low-tech strategies to reduce energy and improve the indoor environment and promote engagement with the outdoors. It leverages lessons learned from exemplars of energy-efficient design that include our work on Manitoba Hydro Place, as noted previously. It is efficient, flexible for a multiplicity of uses, and in material and expression warm, inviting, durable and attractive.
Long-Term Resilience
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The overall concept is designed for long-term resilience as the heart of civic life in Etobicoke, and the place were a community of citizens come together. It is manifest in the generous scale of the public realm, inside and out. The first two levels in the form of the Porch, and the Civic Living Room, are specficially conceived to engage a social contract between the municipal government and the community that will grow rapidly around the new Etobicoke Civic Centre. It is ultimately a proposition for an environment that inspires individuals to come together as a diverse, open and mutually accommodating society.
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A Haven In addition to the range of services, offerings, and amenities that the ECC is designed to deliver, we have also considered the public responsibility of a Civic Centre to be a haven; a shelter in times of crises, natural or otherwise. The clear, rational and generously-scaled plan order optimizes the indoor and outdoor civic realm for public use. This includes the Meeting Hall, with its ‘Spanish steps, and the gallery and lounge spaces in the upper levels, as well as the Bloor Street Atrium. The inside-out connections with the Civic Living Room allow for convertibility and facilitate the ebb and flow of large numbers of people.
Enduring Value The most sustainable building will be one that has the greatest life span and is adaptable over time. Durability would be strongly promoted in the context of resilience in the final design resolution, inclusive of best practice building construction methods, sound and tested structural performance, the quality of the exterior envelope systems, current Seismic, fire and safety codes, as well local resilient building standard. We have imagined a building that will last 100+ years.
Sustainability Statement
Adaptability/Versatility
Climate Resilience
Adaptability and versatility characterize the spatial, structural, and service strategies to allow a high level of malleability in response to changing operational parameters over time. The proposal would be to use materials that have a carbon neutral pro-forma. Recyclability, green aspiration and sustainable properties proposed for achieving netzero ambitions are equally relevant to ensuring the building adapts easily to changes over time
The design will further integrate recommendations from reports on Toronto’s Future Weather and Resilient City Initiative as noted in the RFP. For example, the use of the Square through all seasons was prioritized by providing a series of adjacent indoor/outdoor spaces such as the deep soffit of the Porch that offers weather protection for the elevated plateau/stage outside of the Meeting House as well as shade during the summer months. The Jack Pines create a natural canopy for shading in the summer and wind protection during the winter months. By organizing open and more densely planted areas on the Square, a balance between an open and functional square for public activities such as a concert, event or market, and areas with denser green planting framed in with raised seating offer spaces for casual interaction and relaxation.
For example, the office tower prioritizes an Open Plan Order, a universal loft floor plan or “open office”, which allows for the capacity to subdivide the spaces based on programmatic and operational needs. The proposed raised floor (Tier 2) allows for the mechanical and electrical services to run below the interior space, providing greater flexibility in the office lofts so it could be reconfigured as a much more flexible space. Operable partitions between large meeting rooms and space can be converted to support an array of programmatic functions.
Autonomy Through the proposed IDP, we would explore innovative mechanical and electrical systems that have either back-up or stand-alone power supplies, as well as built-in redundancies, which would keep the building functioning after a major event has occurred. In the occurrence of a power outage a high-performance envelope maintains comfortable conditions, optimized daylight design provides lighting, and operable windows provide ventilation. All of these features allow the ECC to play a strong and enduring role in the community, whether the building is receiving power or not.
The need for resiliency features is a reflection of climate change increasing impact on our world. The first step towards resiliency then is to prevent worsening impacts from climate change by reducing GHG emissions in design and operations. Therefore, the integration of low-carbon input-materials with low embodied energy, such as wood, reinforce our objectives for resilience.
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ETOBICOKE CENTRE - STAGE 2 Glazing on Kipling BringsCIVIC Height andDESIGN View COMPETITION to the Gymnasium
Sky Courts The scheme interweaves a series of skycourts through the different levels of access to provide openings to the outdoors on the upper floors. The skycourts serve to provide areas for occupants to engage with the outdoors, bringing them into contact with the greenery visible from within the building, to experience the seasons, breathe in fresh air and take moments of pause. These spaces also serve to bring the outdoors in by providing interior areas with access to daylight and natural ventilation. The skycourts were also designed considering the comfort of occupants in those spaces. The goals for outdoor comfort are equivalent to the goals for indoor spaces, which are to provide comfortable conditions for as much of the year as possible. The outdoor spaces are organized to allow many options for people to move from the sun to the shade, step behind elements that block wind momentarily, and to inspire mobility and movement to get the blood flowing, and enjoy the natural elements through the seasons as much as possible.
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The overall concept is to create an adaptable series of exterior gathering spaces throughout the scheme that are comfortable, inviting and inspire citizens, employees and the children in the daycare programs to spend time outside. It includes an abundance of options for seating that are both oriented for exposure to the warmth of the sun in fall and winter seasons and for shade in the warmer spring and summer seasons. The outdoor sky court spaces are also oriented and detailed to both block chilly winds in colder fall and winter seasons as well as to draw in pleasant breezes through cross ventilation strategies during the warmer seasons. The Sky Courts are integrated with the green roof concept: generously green and colourful, flowering habitats which also support local fauna and flora. We imagine bee hives, bird houses hanging from the trees, and flowers that nourish butterflies and hummingbirds. Key spaces include: •
The roof of the west wing of the Porch, with its a fully accessible out door running track as part of the recreation centre
•
The play gardens for the daycare on the roof of the east wing of the Porch are colourful and playful
•
he terrace near the Office Tower is a wooden deck with colourfull T plants and trees
•
The Sky Court at the highest level of the Office Tower, gives a panoramic view over the skyline of Toronto and Lake Ontario.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC Casual CENTRESeating DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 on Podium Roofscape
Sky Courts
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Play Ground in the Day Care Looking onto the Civic Square
Second Floor Courtyard used as a Quiet Break-Out Space (above): Running track on Podium Roof (below)
Sky Courts
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The Sky Court on the penthouse levels of the Tower provide expansive views over Etobicoke, Lake Ontario to the south, the Humber River and the skyline of Toronto to the east. The penthouse level is a meeting space for municipal employees and the community. KPMB ARCHITECTS | WEST 8
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Phasing of Library The business case includes a phased planning strategy to allow for a proper planning process for the future of the Library. The south-west corner of the west wing of the Porch is planning to phase in the Library structure, and in the interm create a sheltered yet open extension of the Civic Living Room for farmer’s markets and other outdoor community such as art shows, dances etc.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN COMPETITION - STAGE 2 South-West corner with library; (above) South-West corner with market
6.0 Interior Workspace Environments Designing a building that provides a healthy, supportive environment for the occupants of the ECC is a core tenet of our philosophy. Employees are the most important asset and investment to an organization. The beauty and benefit of prioritizing the health and wellbeing of employees is that there is a direct impact on energy use and GHG emission reductions. The WELL standard provides a comprehensive view of what occupant health in a building looks like. In this section several key themes will be explored, which are a directly a function of the design at the current level of development. Themes include: thermal comfort, indoor air quality, daylight access, and views to nature. Encouraging interaction and collaboration could result in space optimization, densification, and possibilities for mixed-use and/or shared infrastructure between various departments. 70
Occupant health and comfort can be linked directly to a number of building characteristics, this includes thermal comfort, indoor air quality, daylight access, access to views of nature and occupant control.
Air Our scheme focuses on increasing air supply over minimum required rates as a key criteria for having positive impacts on occupants. This can be incredibly energy intensive if not pursued in an intelligently designed manner, such as one relying on natural ventilation. Natural ventilation can be used all year in Toronto’s climate, it can be an effective way of increasing ventilation rates without increasing energy demand, in fact it can serve to reduce fan energy during these periods.
In Toronto’s climate natural ventilation could be expected to be appropriate for about nearly 25% of the year. This assumes a lower outdoor cutoff temperature of 14 °C. Various strategies, such as exterior shading enclosed in a box window, which serve to preheat the incoming air, could lower that outdoor cutoff temperature to 5 °C, increasing the percent of the year than natural ventilation mode can be used (from 25% to 50%).
Water Consistent with the WELL Standard for drinking water, we would work with the ECC stakeholders to determine the integration of bottle water refill stations as well as accessible drinking fountains located throughout the complex. Key to the water strategy will be water delivery systems with proper filtration methods. We also propose the ECC explore other innovative sustainable filtration systems which recycle, reuse and collect waste water in a manner that could produce the best water source for the public and the occupants of the ECC.
Nourishment The building fully supports public health and wellbeing: farmers market in the plaza to sell local produce and encourage seasonal, farm-to-table dining and an on-site Café, cafeteria and restaurant which will ideally be leased by local entities. Roof gardens could be used to grow herbs and vegetables. The office space would have areas for eating and gathering.
Occupant thermal comfort is affected by:
Surface temperature
Air speed
Air temperature
Occupant clothing and activity level
Solar radiation (when hitting occupants directly)
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Sustainability Statement
Light and Views
Comfort: Mind & Body
The building is designed to provide daylight access to the vast majority of spaces.
Areas for contemplation, mediation and assembly are integrated throughout the complex. There are places to have informal conversations as well as seminars. The building to learning where the public could come for lectures, enjoy a book at library and attend various exhibitions in the Meeting House spaces. Spanish steps in the Meeting Hall would invite casual hanging out as well support informal presentations and formal announcements. These spaces all have direct access to the outdoors during all seasons.
The façade strategy that includes 85% WWR on the north and south of the tower, significantly improves the daylight availability of what is effectively 70% of the buildings floor area. This WWR was study extensively to ensure it would not effect the energy performance of the building, as noted in Section 4.0. The design also leverages our experience and evidence of the quantifiable impact of views to nature on human health and well being - which we have studied and documented through projects such as Manitoba Hydro Place and Bridgepoint Active Healthcare. As the proposed design includes 4,800 m² of green roof to meet Toronto’s Green Roof Bylaw requirements 60% of roof area not used for renewable energy, the office spaces are oriented to have views of these green areas from the south exposure of the tower, as well as expansive views over the City of Etobicoke, the Ontario landscape and Lake Ontario and the Humber River.
Fitness The highly visible and transparent Etobicoke Community Center is located for direct access from street level at the corner of Bloor and Kipling . The project creates an opportunity to put fitness in the foreground, with a variety of generous spaces for the athletic activities such as the indoor running track on the 2nd floor as well as the outdoor track on the roof of Porch. This area would also have zones for Working out, cardio equipment and classes. Swimming in the below grade level pool area with its expansive glazing at the ground floor perimeter to provides ample daylighting into this space. The basketball court would also be located on the same level and have warmth of the wood timber structure surrounding this space. The activity within will contribute to street animation, and both inspire and entertain citizens.
The design prioritizes thermal comfort as a fundamental factor of physical comfort. It is a function not only of air temperature, but also the temperature of surfaces in a given room, air speed, and occupant activity and clothing level and as a psychological phenomenon. Adding controllable features in occupant workspaces, such as operable windows, can increase the comfortable range of conditions in a space, and therefore reduce energy consumption and create a sense of well being and give individuals a sense of control over their daily experience. Wood is prioritized throughout the project and emphasized in the most public and communal spaces such as the recreation center, the ground floor level and raised podium porch. Wood materials are proposed both for structural integrity, and for its warm and welcoming quality. Wood is also sustainable and contributes to the carbon neutral mandate. Our proposal is to maximize the use of wood from sustainability managed forests, and leverage the fact that embodied energy in wood is a fraction of the energy required to produce almost any other building material and it is carbon negative. In addition, the thermal insulation properties of wood also save energy and therefore save emissions throughout the life of the building.
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ETOBICOKE CIVIC CENTRE DESIGN - STAGE 2 A Collaborative and Flexable Work PlaceCOMPETITION inside the Civic Tower
Presentati
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ion Panels
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Bloor Street West
1:1000 0
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Kipling Av enue
CONTEXT
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SITE 1:500 Birds Eye View from Southwest
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The Etobicoke Civic Centre Where the Alders Grow The name Etobicoke originates with the Mississauga First Nation, who called the Etobicoke Creek and surrounding area ‘Adobigok’, meaning ‘where the alders grow’. In imagining a new civic heart for Etobicoke, we drew our inspiration from the deep and recent history of the city and the region - from the great indigenous forests of Ontario, and traditions of building of The First Nations and the early settlers, to the post-war modernist vision of the municipality. The design harmonizes architecture, landscape, sustainability and infrastructure to create an integrated civic hub. It embodies optimism and confidence in the public realm as the space of mutual accommodation where all are welcome. Every space – inside and out, and on every level – expresses the values of democracy through qualities of transparency, connectivity, universal accessibility, and bold sustainability. In its massing, siting, and expression the design reinforces the City’s vision to transform the Westwood Theatre Lands and the “spaghetti junction” into a vibrant, pedestrian-friendly, urban mixed-used civic centre. The new ECC is planned as a civic landscape rather than a singular building. It is composed of three primary formal elements: Porch, Civic Square (the Civic Living Room), Office Tower
The Porch is a two storey podium with a wood soffit which houses the most public components of the program. It is open to the south, and frames the Civic Living Room. The Recreation Centre, and future Library are sited on Kipling within the Porch. The west wing features an outdoor running track on the roof and a sunken court set into the Recreation Centre. A café restaurant is located under the east wing and features a terrace facing west so that it receives the last rays of sunlight. The Daycare Centre is located on the second floor, with access to a series of outdoor, enclosed playgrounds. The Library can be built now or at a later stage under the roof of the West Porch in the southwest corner of the site. The Civic Living Room is the central square with the clearing for gatherings under the council chamber and Meeting House at the north end of the square. It is fully integrated with a landscape concept that evokes the pre-settlement Ontario landscape: a forest of Jack Pines. The tall trunks of the pines allow for transparency at all times and maximize the usability of the ground plan of the square while providing smaller places and shade. The Office Tower is a sustainable flexible concrete loft, with two wings sliding past each other. The Meeting House and public counter for municipal services are located under the tower. There is transparency from Bloor to Dundas through these spaces, and through the Civic Living Room and in expression evokes a post-Miesian quality in the use of projecting mullions in light bronze and glass.
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L 20
L 4 - 19
L3
L2
L1
Office space Office Space Civic Square
Community Service Space Community Service
Space
Civic CivicSpace Space Support Space Support Space
LL 1 - 2
Community Rec. Centre Community recreation
Centre
Toronto Public LibraryLibrary Toronto Public
Branch Phase 2
Day DayCare Care Parking Parking
Office Space Community Service Space
Courtyard
Evening view from Dundas Street
Sky Court
Civic Tower
Porch Council Chamber Meeting House
Civic Square
Porch
Looking into the Jack Pine Forest with Informal Seating
West Elevation
7
Library
Running track 1 Chamber 13 Council
7
1 Running track Library
7 Library 13 Council Chamber
13 Council Chamber1 Running track
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Parking Section A - A Multipurpose Room 1:300 Fitness Centre
2 Lower Sky Court 14 Restaurant Section A - A 3 Gymnasium 1:300 4 Stage
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2 Lower Sky Court Parking
8 Parking 14 Restaurant
14 Restaurant
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3 Gymnasium Multipurpose Room
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4 Stage Fitness Centre
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Section B - B Multipurpose Room 1:300 Fitness Centre
5 Viewing Gallery 0 10m 6 Pools
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5 Viewing Civic SquareGallery
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Civic Square
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6 Pools Daycare
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Daycare
9 10 11 12
Civic Square 0 10m Daycare
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1 Runn 7 Library Section A8- A Parking 2 Lowe 2 Lower Sky Court Section A - A Section B - B Gymn 3 Room 3 Gymnasium 1:3009 Multipurpose 1:300 1:300 4 Stage 4 Stage 10 Fitness Centre 5 Viewing Walkway 0 11 10m Civic Square5 Viewi 0 10m 0 10m 6 Pools 6 Pools 12 Daycare
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South Elevation
1 Running track 7 Library 13 Council Chamber ning track13 Council 7 Library Running track Running Council track Chamber 1 Chamber 1 13 7 Library 7 Library 13 Council Chamber 2 Lower Sky Court 8 Parking 14 Restaurant er Sky Court 8 Sky Parking Court Lower Restaurant Sky Court 2 Lower 2 14 8 Parking 8 Parking 14 Restaurant 14 Restaurant 3 Gymnasium Section B - B 9 Multipurpose Room nasium 9 Multipurpose Room 9 Multipurpose 3 Gymnasium 3 Gymnasium 9 Multipurpose Room Room 4 Stage 10 Fitness Centre 1:300 e 10 Fitness Centre 4 Stage 4 Stage 10 Fitness 10 Fitness Centre Centre 5 Viewing Gallery 11 Civic Square ing Gallery 11 Walkway Civic Square 5 Viewing 5 Viewing 11 Civic 11 Civic Square SquareWalkway 0 10m 6 Pools 12 Daycare s 12 Daycare 6 Pools 6 Pools 12 Daycare 12 Daycare
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1 Running track 1 Running track 2 Lower Sky Court 2 Lower Sky Court 3 Gymnasium 3 Gymnasium 4 Stage 4 Stage 5 Viewing Walkway 5 Viewing Walkway 6 Pools 6 Pools
7 8 9 10 11 12
North Elevation
Bloor Street and Road B Entrance to ECC
East Elevation
Sky Court over the City
Running track on Podium Roof
Second Floor Courtyard used as a Quiet Break-Out Space
Nineteenth FloorRoofscape Sky Court Casual Seating on Podium
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8
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9 10 5
4 3 2
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1
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Sust
Natural Ventilation Mode 4
9
1 Outdoor air goes in from operable flap at the slab edge
5
2 Once inside the building, the air rises from floor grilles into the office spaces
2
3 Air travels to the multi-storey atrium
1 3
4 Air is exhausted to the exterior with smoke exhaust fans Mechanical Ventilation Mode 5
Outdoor air is supplied to pressure floor plenum, providing distribution to spaces
6
Air rises from floor grilles into the office spaces (not shown)
7
Air travels to the multi-storey atrium
8
Heat recovery reduces energy demand of conditioning ventilation air
9
Air is exhausted to the exterior with AHU fans
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The solu ECC adva while bein of Et is th natu the E
Thes the c in m indo cond
The net z aggr to re lead com as o high
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View from Bloor and Kipling of Entrance to Recreation Centre and Community Service Spaces
1 Parking 2 Pool Equipment and Storage 3 Leisure Pool 4 Teaching Pool 5 Double Gymnasium 6 Stage 7 Change Rooms 8 Storage 9 Print and Copy Room 10 Bicycle Lock-up 11 Civic Square Storage 12 Library Mechanical and Storage
Generously Scaled Indoor Pedestrian Path Connects Bloor Street to Civic Living Room
Glazing Brings Height,Daylight and View to the Gymnasium
tainability Approach
design embodies a whole building ution that is planned to establish the C as an exemplar, simultaneously ancing net-zero energy targets e prioritizing the health and wellng of the citizens and the workforce tobicoke. At the heart of the design he drive to maximize daylight and ural ventilation in every space of ECC.
se aspirations have been placed at core of the architectural expression, massing, orientation, plan order, oor and outdoor environmental ditions, and building technologies.
design is set to achieve as close to zero as possible and integrates an ressive energy-efficient strategy einforce the vision of the ECC to d the way to a healthy, net-zero mmunity and to establish the ECC one of the top five energy-efficient h-rise buildings in Canada.
Glazing of the Upper Volume of the Pool Connects Recreational Activities to the Life of the Civic Square
Typical Day
50 Stall Farmers Market
800 Person Event
800 Person Movie Screening
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Summer - On Market Day the Meeting House is an Extension of the Civic Living Room
1 Counter Services 2 Triage / Greeting Desk 3 Coffee Bar 4 Loading and Receiving 5 Entrance to Parking 6 Meeting House 7 Public Washrooms 8 Viewing Corridor 9 Pool Below 10 Gymnasium Below 11 Gallery 12 Public Library 13 Restaurant 14 Civic Square
50 Person Seated Movie Screening
Summer Evening - The Civic Living Room Supports Different Scales of Events
Civic Square View Looking North to the Meeting House
Jack Pine Canopy over the Civic Square
Water Feature in the Civic Square
Casual Seating in the Civic Square looking onto Dundas
Civ Playground in the Day
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Second N 1:300 0
10m
1 Pre-Function Second Space 2 Council Chamber 1:300 3 Members Lounge Workroom 4 Private 0 10m 5 Council Elevator 6 50-Person 1 Pre-Function Multipurpose Space Room 27 Council Chamber 100-Person Multipurpose Room 3 Members Lounge 200-Person Workroom 48 Private Multipurpose Room 5 Council Elevator 9 Fitness Centre 6 50-Person 10 Multipurpose Storage Room Indoor Running Track 11 7 100-Person Second Floor Room 12 Multipurpose Courtyard 8 200-Person Room 13 Multipurpose Employment and Social Service Centre 9 Fitness Centre 10 Storage 14 Breastfeeding Clinic 11 Indoor Running Track 15 Dental Clinic 12 Second Floor Prayer Room 16 Courtyard Daycare Reception 17 Employment 13 and Infant Service Playroom 18 Social Centre 19 Playground 14 Breastfeeding Clinic 20 Preschool Playground 15 Dental Clinic 21 Preschool Playroom 16 Prayer Room 22 Gross Motor Space 17 Daycare Reception 18 Infant Playroom 19 Playground 20 Preschool Playground 21 Preschool Playroom 22 Gross Motor Space
vic Square looking towards ycare Looking onto the Civic Dundas Square
Winter - Community Service Space Facing Bloor Street
Council Chamber Overlooking the Civic Square
A
9
E
10
C
B
B
8
11
C
13
12
D D
9
N
Third 1:300 0
10m
1 Reception/Waiting 2 Meeting Room 3 Councilor Office 4 Kitchen 5 Future Expansion 6 Multipurpose Room 7 Roof Terrace N
NOT FOR USE 1:300 0
10m
The Porch opens up to the Southeast Connection to the Future Park
8 Office 9 Open Work Station 10 Meeting Room 11 Collaboration Space 12 Kitchen 13 Copy A Supply air from East and West atrium B Daylight penetration C Tripple-glazed highperformance curtain wall system D Vent above horizontal blades and movable siding on the East, West, and South. E Outdoor air is supplied to a pressurized floor plenum, which is distributed to office space A Collaborative and Flexable Work Place inside the Civic Tower
KPMB Architects 322 King Street West, 3rd Fl. Toronto, Ontario Canada M5V 1J2 tel. 416 977 5104 www.kpmb.com
West 8 Schiehaven 13M 3024 EC Rotterdam The Netherlands tel. +31 (0) 10 485 5801 www.west8.nl