Parishath Vartha 2011 December 1-15

hmfyw 11 | e°w 16| H‰{]Xn 2.50 cq] | hm¿jnI hcnkwJy 50 cq]

PARISHAD VARTHA

]cnjZv hm¿Ø hmf yw 10 e°w 2 t]Pv 8

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1- ˛ -15

tIcf imkv{XkmlnXy ]cnjØv {]kn≤oIcWw

parishadvartha@gmail.com

ap√-t\-gn-°v ka¿∏n®v imkv{XIemPmY Unkw-_¿ 3 apX¬ 18 hsc thWw as‰mcp tIcfw F∂ ap{Zmhm-Iy-hp-ambn tIcf imkv{X-kmlnXy ]cn-jØns‚ aq∂v imk{XI-em-Pm-YI - ƒ 2011 Unkw-_¿ aq∂v apX¬ tIc-f] - c - y-S\w Bcw-`n-°pI-bm-Wv. ]cn-jØ - ns\ kw_-‘n®n-St- Øm-fw, AXns‚ Hcp ASp Ø kl-bm-{Xn-I\pw BZy IemPmY apX¬t° AXns‚ cN-bn-Xm°-fnepw A`n-t\-Xm-°f - nepw {][m\n- b p- a mbn- c p∂ ae- b m- f - Ø nse {it≤b Ihn ap√-t\gnbpsS AIme-Nc - aw sIm≠v AS-bm-fs - ∏-Sp-Øs∏´ h¿jw IqSn-bmWv 2011. AXn\m¬ Cu h¿jsØ imkv{X Iem-PmY, ]cn-j-Xv, ap√-t\-gn°v ka¿∏n-®ncn°p-∂p. hnZym-`mkw sIm≠pw {]IrXn-kº - Ø - p-sIm≠pw {]_p-≤a - mb a\p-jy-hn-`h - t- ijn sIm≠pw D∂X- a mb Pohn- X - a m- \ - Z - W v U - ß ƒ kzbw ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn-te°v Dbcm≥ k¿hYm tbmKy-amb Hcp kwÿm-\a - mWv tIc-fw. F∂m¬, aÆns\ am^n-b-Iƒ°pw, s]Æn s\ ISn-™m-Wn-√mØ Imam-Xp-cXbv°pw, amXr`mjsb hntZ-i` - m-

jbv ° pw Iq´n- s °m- S p- Ø pw, [\m¿Ønbpw taml- N n- ¥ bpw Bflm-hn¬ ImSpw hf¿Øn-bpw, Zqc- ° m- g v N bpw ip`m- ] v X n- h n- i zmkhpw If-™p-Ip-fn®pw, bp‡n-Nn¥-tbbpw imkv{X-t_m-[t- Øbpw sh√p-hn-fn-®pw, ÿm]nX XmXv]c - y߃°pwaXm`n-am\ Nn¥Iƒ°pw sh≈hpw hfhpw sImSpØpw tIcfw apt∂-dp-∂Xv kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmwkv I m- c n- I - h p- a mb Po¿Æ- X bpsS ]pXn-sbmcp tIcfm tamUente-bv°m-Wv. \mSns‚ \ne-hnep≈ \S-∏p-co-Xnbpw \S-Øn-∏p-coXnbpw Iogvta¬ adn®,v imkv{Xt_m- [ - Ø nepw ÿnXn- k - a - X zØnepw k¥p-enX hnI-k\ - Ø - nepw enwK-\o-Xn-bnepw A[n-jvTn-Xa - mb ]pXn-sbmcp tIcfw km£m-XvIc - n°pI F∂- X v , ]cn- j - Ø ns‚ {]h¿Ø- \ - ß - f psS F°m- e tØbpw tI{μ {]ta-ba - m-Wv. AØc-samcp kmaq-ly-am-‰Ø - ns‚ Bbp[-ambn imkv{XsØ P\-߃°v D]-bp-‡a - m-°pI F∂XmWv AXn\p≈ ]cn-jØ - ns‚ ]cn-]m-Sn. Imeß- f n- e qsS {]k‡n h¿- ≤ n®pw

IqSp-X¬ kv]jvSX ssIhcn®pw hcp∂ Cu tI{μ {]ta-bsØ Iptd°qSn aq¿Øam-°p-∂X - m-W,v thWw as‰mcp tIcfw F∂ ap{Zm-hm-Iyw ap≥\n¿Øn ]cn-j-Xv Cs°m-√w

apt∂m´v hbv°p∂ AXn-]n-]pehpw hnhn-[-X-e-kv]¿in-bp-amb Imº-bv≥. D≈-S°w sIm≠pw kwLm- S \]c- a mbpw Cu Imºbv s ‚ apt∂m- S n- b mWv imkv{X-Ie - m-Pm-Y˛- 2011.

PmY- I - f nH∂v Imk¿tImSv Pn√-bnse ap∂mSv \n∂v {]bmWw Bcw- ` n®v Imk¿tIm-Sv, IÆq¿,-hb-\m-Sv,tImgn-t°m-Sv,a - e - ∏ - pdw Pn√-If - n¬ k©cn®v s]m∂m-\n-bn-epw, as‰m∂v CSp°n Pn√-bnse ss]\m-hn\n∂v XpSßn CSp-°n, Fd-Wm-Ipfw,-Xr-iq¿, ]me-°mSv Pn√-I-fnk©-cn®v ]me-°mSv Pn√-bnse Ip\n-t»-cn-bn-epw, aq∂m-a-tØXv ]Ø-\w-Xn´ Pn√-bnse hS-t»-cn-°c-bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-s∏´v ]Ø-\w-Xn´,-tIm-´b - w,-Be - ∏ - p-g,-sIm-√w,-Xn-cp-h\-¥-]pcw Pn√-I-fn¬ k©-cn®v Be-∏pg Pn√-bnse IS-°c - ∏ - ≈ - nbnepw Unkw-_¿ 18\v kam-]n-°pw. aq∂v PmY-Ifpw IqSn BsI 183 tI{μ-ßf - n¬ ta¬ ]-d™ ap{Zmhm-IysØ ASn-ÿm-\a - m°n Xømdm-°nb Iem-]c - n-]m-Sn-Iƒ Ah-X-

cn-∏n-°p-w.- -Ggm-t®cn cma-N-{μ≥, Ipco-∏pg {ioIp-am¿, ]n.-sI.-tKm-]n, kXy-N-{μ≥ s]mbn¬°m-hv, Fw.Fw.-kN - o-{μ≥,- F≥.-th-Wp-tKm-]me≥ IqØm-´p-Ipfw, _n.-Fk - v.{- io-IWvT≥, hnPb≥.-sI.-ae - ∏ - p-dw, sI.hn.-cm-aIrjvW≥ ae-∏p-dw, hn.-N{- μ_m_p IÆq¿, a\oj Im°-bßmSv F∂n-hc - mWv Cu Iem-cq-]ß-fpsS cN-\I - ƒ \n¿h-ln-®n-cn-°p∂-X.v kwhn-[m\w.-]n.-Pn.-kp¿PnØpw kwKoXw a-™≈ - q¿ kptc-{μ\pw \n¿h-ln-®n-cn-°p-∂p. s]m∂m\n taJ-e-bpsS hnIk\ Imsºbv ≥ DZv L m- S \w sNbvXXv tUm. Fw.Fw \mcmb-W≥ BWv. Ign-™- e°w ]cnjZv hm¿Ø- b n¬ CXp- k w- _ ‘n® t^mt´m-bpsS ASn-°p-dn∏n¬ I¬]-‰-\m-cm-b-W≥ F∂v tN¿ØXv sX‰m-bncp∂p. tUm. Fw. Fw \mcm-bW - \pw ]cn-jØv {]h¿Ø-I¿°pw D≠mb _p≤n ap´p-Iƒ £an-°-W-sa∂t]£ ]{Xm-[n-]¿

inev]-im-e-Iƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂p.sk-an-\m-dp-Iƒ XpSßn thWw as‰mcp tIcfw Imsº-b\ v ns‚ `mK-ambn kwÿm\Øv DS-\ofw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ inev]im-eI - ƒ A¥na L´-Øn-te°v \oßp∂p. Unkw-_¿- 10\v tIm´-bØv \S°p∂ `mjbpw kwkvIm-chpw kw_‘n® inev]i - m-et- bmSp-IqSn ]Xn\©v inev]i - m-eI - ƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-Ipw. aZyhpw tIc-fk - a- q-lhpw, BZn-hmkn kaq-lØns‚ {]iv\ß - ƒ, tIcf s]mXp-P\m-tcmKyw , ]m¿∏nSw, tIc-f-]-cnÿnXn,sXm-gnepw hnZym-`ym-khpw F∂o inev]i - m-eI - fpw ]q¿Øn-bm-bnI-gn-™p. inev]i - m-eI - sf XpS¿∂p≈ skan-\m-dp-If - n¬ BZy-tØXv \hw_¿ 27\v Nme-°p-Sn-bn¬ hym]m-c`- h - \n¬ \S-∂p. tIc-fØ - n\v Hcp KXm-KX \bw F∂ hnj-bsØ °pdn®v \S∂

sI. IrjvWI - p-am¿ , sI. Fkv . B¿.

Sn. kn. doPn-bW - ¬ Hm^o-k¿ {]Zo]v F∂n-h¿ N¿®-If - n¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øp.

BZn-hmkn kaq-l-Øns‚ {]iv\-߃ inev]-im-e-bn¬ tUm. sI.-F≥ KtWjv kwkm-cn-°p-∂p.

skan-\m-dn¬ tI{μ-\n¿hm-lI - k - a- nXn AwKw sI. ]n. chn{]Imiv N¿®bv°p≈ tcJ Ah-Xc- n-∏n-®p. tUm. Cf-

t¶m-h≥, tUm. Fw. ]n. ]c-ta-iz-c≥, tUm. F.A®p-X≥, sdbn¬th ]mkt©gvkv Atkm-kn-tb-j≥ sk{I-´dn

Unkw_¿ 17\v aZyhpw tIc-fk - aq-lhpw F∂ hnj-bsØ°pdn-®p≈ skan-\m¿ ]Ø-\w-Xn-´b - n¬ _nj∏v ^nen-t∏mkv am¿ {IntkmÃw DZvLmS\w sNøpw. B¿. cm[m-Ir-jW v ≥ A≤y-£\mbn-cn-°pw. s{]m^. Sn. ]n.

Ip™n-°Æ - ≥ hnj-bm-hX - c- Ww \SØpw. hnhn[ cmjv{Sob kmaqly {]h¿Ø-I¿ ]s¶-Sp°pw. At∂-Znhkw Xs∂ sIm√Øv ]m¿∏n-S\ - bsØ ASn-ÿm-\a- m-°n-bp≈ skan\m¿ \S-°pw.-Un-kw-_¿ 18\v Fd-WmIp-fØv tIc-f] - c- n-ÿnXn skan-\mdpw P\p-hcn 7\v hb-\m-´n¬ BZn-hmkn

kaq-lØ - ns‚ {]iv\ß - ƒ F∂ skan\mdpw Be-∏p-gb - n¬ tIcf s]mXp-P\m-tcm-Ky-kw-hn-[m\w F∂ hnj-bsØ °pdn-®p≈ skan-\mdpw \S°pw. F√m inev]i - m-eI - s - fbpw XpS¿∂v skan-\mdp-Iƒ Bkq-{XWw sNbvXn-´p-≠v. ]›n-aL - ´- k - w-c£ - Ww F∂ skan\m¿ CSp-°n-bnepw lcn-Xk - m-t¶-Xn-Ihn-Zy-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ skan-\m¿ ]me°mSpw \S-°pw.-Irjn (Imk¿tKm-U)v , sXmgn¬ hnZym-`ymkw (I-Æq¿) tIcf-Øns‚ \K-ch - ¬°-cWw (Fd-WmIp-fw) `mjbpw kwkvIm-chpw (tIm´bw) imkv{X-]T - \ - hpw imkv{X-Kt- h-jWhpw tIc-fØ - n¬ ( Xncp-h\ - ¥ - ] - pcw) tIc-fØ - ns‚ `qhn-\n-tbm-Kw( Xncp-h\ - ¥-]p-cw) F∂n-hb - mWv XpS¿∂v \S°p∂ skan-\m-dp-Iƒ.

2 ]cnjZv hm¿Ø

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1˛15

Im¿jnI \thm-∞m-\-Øn-\mbn ]p©-∏p-g-tbmc hmkn-Iƒ \-hw-_¿ 5 ˛ kwLm-S-I-cptSbpw AXn-Yn-If - p-tSbpw {]Xo-£Iƒ sX‰n-®p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p ]ShØpwXmg ]me- Ø n\v kao- ] tØ°v \n¿±njv S ka- b - Ø n\v apºp- X s∂ \m´p- I m¿ FØnt®¿∂-Xv. hS-Ic Fw.-F¬.-F. kn.sI.-\m-Wp, tNmtdmSv {Kma-]-©mbØv {]kn-U≠v F. A_q-_°¿, AUz: C.-sI.-\m-cm-b-W≥, s{]m^.-Sn.-]n.-Ip-™n-°-Æ≥, aWen¬ taml-\≥, Pn√m-]-©m-bØv saº¿ sI.-Fw.-N-{μn, {Kma-]-©mbØv saº¿am¿ Sn.-Fw.-cm-P≥, ]n.sI.-\m-cm-bW - ≥, aT-Øn¬ ]pjv], kn.-sI.-A\ - n-X F∂n-hcpw kwLmS-I-k-anXn `mc-hm-ln-I-fmbn h≈nh\w hmkp, ]n.-_m-e-°p-dp-∏v, hn.]n.-k-Zm-\-μ≥, sF.-sI.-Ip-™n-°Æ≥, kn.-kp-K-X≥, _me-N-{μ≥ Gdm-a-e, ]n.-sI. {]`m-I-c≥, hn.-apc-fo-[-c≥, hnPp tht°m-´v, hn.-c-Pojv, Sn.-sI.-A-P-b≥, ca t\cw-h-≈n XpS-ßn-b-h¿ t\XrXzw sImSpØv Fw.-F¬.-F. ^vfmKv Hm^v sNbvX ]p©-∏p-gt- bmc bm{X-bn¬ A™qtdmfw Bfp- I ƒ AWn- \ n- c - ∂ t∏mƒ \n›-b-Zm¿Vy-Øns‚ Aesbm- e n- I ƒ apg- ß n. ""thWw as‰mcp tIcfw'' F∂ ap{Zm-hm-IyØn\v A¿∞-ta-Ip-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p H©nbw taJ- e - b psS hnI- k \ tIº-bns‚ DZvLm-S-\w. Btcm-KyI-c-amb {]bm-ksØ Ah-K-Wn®v

]p©-]p-g-tbm-c-bm{X kn. sI. \mWp Fw.-F¬ F ^vfmKv Hm^v sNøp-∂p.

kn.-sI.-\m-Wp- Fw. F¬.F bm{Xbn¬ ]q¿Æ- ] - ¶ m- f n- b m- h p- I bpw Bfp- I - t fmSv ]pg- b psS Ahÿ At\z-jn-°p-Ibpw \nth-Z-\-߃ kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Rm‰p-]m-t´msS Bcw-`n® hnI-k\ skan- \ m¿ Bfp- I - f n¬ Bfl- h nizmkw h¿≤n-∏n-®p. tNmtdmSv ]©mb- Ø nse `£y- k p- c £ kw_‘n® ]T-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ `mKambn ]p©-tØmSv hos≠-Sp-°m≥ BIm-hp∂ klm-bß - ƒ Fw.-F¬.F. {]Jym- ] n- ® - t ∏mƒ kZ- nl¿jm-chw Db¿∂p. `£y-kp-c£ ]T-\-Øns‚ hni-Zmw-i-߃ taJem-sk-{I-´-dn hn.-ap-c-fo-[-c≥ Ah-Xcn-∏n-®p. kwLm-S-I-k-anXn sNb¿

am≥ IqSn-bmb tbmK A-[y-£≥ AUz: C.-sI.-\m-cm-b-W≥ tIc-fØn¬ Db¿∂p-h-tc≠ ]pXnb hnI-k\ ImgvN-∏m-Sns‚ ]›mØew kZ- ns‚ Nn¥bv°v hnt[b-am-°n. ]cn-jØv \S-Øm≥ Dt±in- ° p∂ ]T- \ - ] - cn- ] m- S n- I ƒ°v k¿Δm-fl\ - m-]n-¥p-Wb - mWv Xm≥ \ev I n- b Xv F∂v ]©m- b Øv {]kn-U≠v F.-A_ - q-_° - ¿ Bi¶-Iƒ°n-Sb - n-√m-Øh - n[w ]d-™t∏mƒ kaq-lØ - n¬ ]cn-jØ - ns‚ CSw {]h¿Ø-I¿°v Hcn-°¬IqSn t_m[y-am-bn. P\-{]-Xn-\n-[n-If - mbn ]s¶-SpØ sI.-Fw.-N{- μn, Sn.-Fw.-cmP≥, ]n.-sI.-\m-cm-bW - ≥ F∂n-hcpsS Biw- k - I ƒ°v tijw

hnI-k-\ Imsºbv≥ B-e-∏p-g Pn√m kw-Lm-S-I k-an-Xn cq-]h Xv°cn®p hXv °cn®p ]n. hn. hn-t\m-Zv ]m-\¬ A-hX - c - n∏n-®p. Pn√m {S-jd - dpw hnI-k\ - Imº-bn≥ kw-Lm-SI - k-an-Xn-bp-sS P\-d¬ I¨-ho-\d - pamb P-b≥ Nº-°p-fw \-μn ]-d™ p. sI. kn. thWp-tKm-]m¬-(tI{μ Du¿-P k-la - {¥n) tXmakv sFk-°v Fw.F¬.F, Pn. kp-[m-Ic≥ Fw.F¬.F. F∂n-h¿ c£m-[n-Imcn-Ifpw AUz. {]-Xn-`m lcn (Pn√m ]-©mb-Øv {]-kn-U‚ v) sNb¿ t]gvktWbpw, P\-d¬ I¨ho-\dp-ambn kwLm-S-I-k-anXn cq]h¬°-cn-®p.

Be-∏pg Pn√m kwLm-S-I-k-anXn tbmKw tPmPn Iq´p-tΩ¬ DZvLm-S\w sNøp-∂p.

"thWw as‰mcp tIcfw' F∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iy-ap-b¿-Øn tIcf imkv{- X-km-ln-Xy ]-cnj-Øv B-cw-`n® hnI-k\ - Im-ºb - n≥ hn-Pb - n-∏n-°p∂-Xn-\p-≈ Pn√m-Xe - kw-Lm-SI - kan-Xn B-e∏ - p-gb - n¬ cq-]o-Ic - n®p. \hw-_¿ 17 \v B-e∏p-g {_-tZ-gvk - v B-Un-t‰m-dn-bØ - n¬ tN¿-∂ cq]-hXv°-cW tbm-Kw ]-cnj-Øv kwÿm-\ \n¿-Δm-lI - k-an-Xn Aw-Kw tPm-Pn Iq-´p-Ω¬ D-Zv-LmS-\w sNbvXp. Pn√m {]-Un-U‚ - v ]n. P-bc - mPv A-≤y-£\ - m-bn-cn-∂p.

B-tKm-foI-cW - D-Zm-ch - ¬°-cW - \b-߃-°v F-Xn-cn√ F-∂ hm-Z° - m¿°p- ≈ a- d p- ] - S n- b m- W v tem- I sØßpw C-∂p-\S- ° - p-∂ sN-dp-Øp\n¬-∏p-Iƒ F-∂v tbm-Kw D-ZvL - mS-

\w sN-bvXp-sIm-≠v tPm-Pn Iq-´p-Ω]-d™ p. C∂sØ tI-cf - k-aq-lw c-≠v ap-Jß - f - p-≈X - m-sW∂pw A-Xns‚ Xn-f° - a - p-≈ H-cp ap-JØ - n-\p ]n∂n¬ A-kz-ÿX - I - f - p-sSbpw ]-cm-[o\-XI - f - p-sSbpw H-cp-ap-Jw H-fn-™n-cn∏p-s≠∂pw A-t±-lw ]-d™ p. Cu ap-Jw A-\m-hc-Ww sN-øp-Ibpw AXn-s\-Xncm-b P-\I - o-b {]Xn-tcm-[ {]h¿-Ø\ - ß - ƒ h-f¿-Øn-s°m-≠p hcn-Ib - p-am-Wv hnI-k\ - Im-ºb - n-s‚ e£yw. N¿-®-bn¬ C-S-s]´p-sIm-≠v hnhn-[ km-aq-ly kmw-kvI - mcn-I {]h¿-ØI - ¿ kw-km-cn-®p. hnI-k\ - Im-ºb - n-s‚ `m-Ka - m-bn Pn√bn¬ \-S° - p-∂ C-Ss - ]-S¬ hn-jb - ßsf ]-‰n Pn√m sk-{I´-dn F≥. km\p hn-iZ- o-Ic - n®p. kwÿm-\ {S-jd - ¿

aøn¬ taJem hnI-k\ PmY tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn- j Øv taJem IΩn- ‰ nbpsS B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ hnIk\ Iymº-bns‚ {]N-c-WØn-\mbn aøn¬ \n∂v sImft®cn ap°n- t e°v Im¬\S PmY \S-Øn. kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn hn.hn. {io\n-hmk≥ PmY DZvLmS\w sNbvXp. kam- ] \ tI{μØn¬ kwÿm\ sshkv {]kn-U‚ v Sn.-sI. tZh-cm-P≥ kwkm-cn-®p. apc-fo-[-c≥, F tKmhn-μ≥, Sn. hn. ca, kn. hn hnt\mZv XpS- ß n- b - h ¿ t\XrXzw \¬In

""thWw as‰mcp tIcfw'' F∂ hnj-b-w s{]m^.- Sn.-]n.-Ip-™n-°Æ≥ Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®p. tIc-fØ - nse hnhn[ taJ-e-I-fn-ep≈ {]iv\߃°v ]cn-lm-c-ambn ka-{Khpw k¥p-en-Xh - p-amb N¿®-bn¬ ]s¶Sp-ØpsIm≠v hn.-]n.-kZ- m-\μ - ≥, Sn._m-e° - p-dp-∏v, iin {Uowkv, hn.-]n.kp-tc-{μ≥, hniz-\m-Y≥ F∂n-h¿ Bi-¶I - ƒ ]¶p-sh®-∂t- Xm-Sm∏w hne-s∏´ \n¿t±-i-߃ apt∂m-´pshbv ° p- I bpw sNbv X p. N¿® t{ImUo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v ]cn-jØv Pn√m-sk-{I-´dn taml-\≥ aW-enGs‰-Sp-t°≠ {ia-Ic - a - mb {]h¿ Ø-\ß - f - psS Bghpw ]c∏pw Hcn°¬IqSn hy‡-am-°n. DZvLm-S\ - ]- c n- ] m- S n°v kam- ] \w Ipdn- ® psIm≠v taJem {]kn-U≠v _meN-{μ≥ Gdm-ae IrX-⁄X {]Imin-∏n-®tXmsS H©nbw taJem hnI-k\ tIº-bn≥ {]h¿Ø-\߃ apt∂m-´p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im-\p≈ DØ- c - h m- Z nXzw {]h¿Ø- I ¿ s\t©-‰n. hnI-k\ Imº-bns‚ `mK-ambn taJ-eb - n¬ Hcp e£wcq-]-bpsS ]pkvX-I-{]-N-cWw \SØp-∂X - ns‚ `mK-am-bp≈ hml-\{]-Nc - W PmYbpsS DZvLm-S\hpw P\-kº - ¿°]cn-]m-Snbpw t\csØ \S-∂n-cp-∂p. aS-∏≈n sslkvIqƒ dn´. slUvan-k{v Skv sslam-hXn°v ]pkvXI - I - n‰v \evIn-sIm≠v ]©mbØv {]kn-U≠vF.-A-_q-_-°¿ kwkm-cn-®p. ]cn-]m-Sn-°v Sn.-Fw.-cmP≥, hf-fn-h\w hmkp, hf-fnAtim-I≥, kn.-kp-KX - ≥, _me-N{μ≥ Gdm-ae, ]n.-sI.-{]-`m-I-c≥, sF.-sI.-Ip-™n-°Æ - ≥, ca t\cwh-ffn, sI.-cm-Po-h≥ XpS-ßn-b-h¿ t\XrXzw \evIn.

kwhmZ kZ v Icp-\m-K∏ - ≈n taJ-eb - n¬ hnIk\ Imsºbvs‚ `mK-ambp≈ ]≈n°-em- ¿ ˛ h´-°m-b¬ ]T-\Øns‚ c≠mw L´-am-bp≈ kwhm-Zk - Z- - pI-ƒ Bcw-`n-®p. kwhm-Zk - Z- k - p-Iƒ sXmSn-bq¿ {Kma-]© - m-bØv {]knU‚ v F¬ ssjeP DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp. ]cn-jØv Pn√m ]cn-kc hnj-bk - a- nXn I¨ho-\¿ hn.-sI. aZpkq-Z\ - ≥ BapJ {]`m-jWw \SØn. taJem {]kn-U‚ v Fkv. kptc-{μ≥ A≤y£X hln® tbmK-Ønap≥ ]©mbØv {]kn-U‚pw kn. ]n. sF. Fw Gcnbm IΩn‰n AwKhp-amb F≥ cma-IrjvW ]n≈ {Kma]v©m-bØv ap≥ sshkv {]kn-U‚ v Sn. X¶-®≥ F∂n-h¿ kwhm-ZØ - n]s¶-Sp-Øp

\ΩpsS aÆn]n.-sI.-tKm-]n. as‰mcp temIw as‰mcp kvt\lw as‰mcp PohnX kwkvImcw as‰mcp Nn¥-bn¬ \ΩpsS aÆn\´Xp s]m´n apf-°s´ (as‰mcp temIw) \ΩpsS tZi-s∏-cpa hf¿Ønb s\∑Wn ]qØ Irjn-∏mSw \ΩpsS [m\y∏pc-Iƒ \ndbv°m≥ F√p apdn™ ]Wn-°q´w Itºm-tfm-’h em`s°mXnbpsS sImºn¬ tIm¿Øp acn-°-cpXv as‰mcp temIw) \ΩpsS kvt\lØ-fncp hnS¿Ønb \∑ ]c-°p-a-b¬ Iq´w \ΩpsS \mSn-∂-dnhp ]I¿Øm≥ ap∂n¬ \S∂ hgn-∏¥w Itºm-tfm-’h hymP-®n-cnbpsS apºn¬ tXm‰p aS-ß-cp-Xv. (as‰mcp temIw)

Iem-Pm-Y-bn¬\n∂v

thWw Ipco-∏pg {ioIp-am¿ thWw as‰mcp PohnXw kvt\lw ]pecpw `qXew thWw h¿≤nX hk¥ km≤yX˛ boWw \¬Inb tIcfw thWw as‰mcp tIcfw (th-Ww.....)

Pzme-Itf, A·n Pzme-Itf, Bfn°-ØpI th\¬®p-≈n-Iƒ thZ-\ -\m´pw ]mX-I-fnkm¥z\ apIn-en≥ hr£-°q´w am\-sØØn aZn-t∏mfw Bfn-°-ØpI Pzme-Itf. (th-Ww) {]mhp-Itf, CjvS {]mhp-Itf, ]mdn-s°m-ØpI t\mhn≥]mSw ]mgvI-Xn¿ hogvØpw \mhp-IfntamN-\-h-b-en¬ [m\y-t°‰w Xmcw sXm´v Xcn-t∏mfw ]mdn-s°m-ØpI {]mhp-Isf (th-Ww)

Iem-Pm-Y-bn¬\n∂v

Icp-\m-K-∏-≈n-bnse kwhm-Z-k-Z v {Kma-]-©m-bØv {]kn-U‚ v F¬ .ssieP DZvLm-S\w sNøp-∂p.

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1˛15

Zo¿-Lh - o-£W - a- n√m-Ø hnI-k\ - C-Ss- ]-Se - p-If- p-sS Xn-cn-®-Sn-I-fm-Wv Ip-´-\m-Sv t\-cn-Sp∂-Xv -˛

tUm. B¿.hn.Pn.ta-t\m≥.

3

s]m°-cpXv .s]m°n- b m¬ Hu´v Ah- k m\w hsc ]nSn®p \n¬°p∂ Ip´nsb hnP-bn-bmbn {]Jym- ] n- ° mw. c≠p {]h¿Ø\hpw Hmtcm ka- b w Ign- b n- √ .

I¨^yq-j≥ D≠m-°pw. {]h¿Ø\w ˛7

Zo¿-Lh - o-£W - a - n√m-sXbpw k-a{- K- Im-gN -v ∏ - m-Sn√m-sXbpw {]-IrXn-°p-ta¬ a-\p-jy≥ \-SØn-b CS-s]-Se - p-Ie - p-sS Xn-cn-®S- n-bm-Wv Ip-´\m-Sv C-∂v A-\p-`h - n®p-sIm-≠n-cn°p∂-Xv F-∂v {]-ikvX - ]-cn-ÿnXn {]-h¿-ØI - \mb tUm. B-¿. hn.

Pn ta-t\m≥ ]-d™p. C-Xv Ip-´\ - m´n-se am{Xw ÿn-Xnb√. {]-Ir-Xn-hn`-hß-sf D-]t- bm-Kn-°m-sX a-\p-jy\v Po-hn-°m≥ km-[ya√. ]-t£ D]-tbm-Kn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂ hn-`h - ß - s - f ]p\-ÿm-]n-°p-∂X - n-\p-≈ km-hI - miw \-¬I - Ww. Aan-X em-`Ø - n-\mbn {]-Ir-Xn-sb D-]t- bm-Kn-®n-Ss - Øms° {]-Xym-Lm-Xß - fpw t\-cn-tS-≠n h-∂n-´p≠v. Ip-´\ - m-Sn-s‚ Im-cy-ØnD-≠m-bn-´p≈-Xv hen-b ]-cn-kY -v n-Xn B-Lm-Xa - mWv. D-∏pP-ew I-bd- mssX c-≠] -v q Ir-jn km-[y-am°msa∂ Nn¥-bmbncp∂p XÆo¿ap°w _≠ns‚ \n¿Ωm-WØn-te°v \bn-®X - .v F∂m¬ ]IpXn- am-{X-ambn \n¿Ωn-®_ - ≠v Imbens‚ Hgp-°ns\bpw then-tb‰ then-bn-d-°-sØbpw XS-™p. {]IrXn {]Xn-`m-kß - ƒ XmfwsX‰nb-tXmsS Ah \n¿Δ-ln-®n-cp∂ [¿a-ßfpw C√m-Xm-bn. If-Ifpw IoS-ßfpw tcmKm-Wp-°fpw s]cpIn. Pew sI´n-°n-S∂v aen-\s - ∏-´p. tcmK-߃ a\p-jys\ am{X-a√ PePo-hn-Is - fbpw ]nSn-Iq-Sn. Hmcp-Pe - Ønepw ip≤-Pe - Ø - n-ep-ambn PohnX-N{Iw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bn-cp∂ a’y-ßf - S- ° - a- p≈ Pe-Po-hn-If - psS \miw kw`-hn-®p. a’y-kº - Ø - nh≥ CSn-hp-≠m-bn. s\¬Ir-jn-bmIs´ _≠n\v tijw KWy-ambn

Ip´-\mSv skan-\m¿ tUm. B¿.-hn.-Pn.-ta-t\m≥ DZvLm-S\w sNøp-∂p.

Ipd-™ImgvNbmWv ImWm≥ Ign™-X.v sXmgn¬ Xpd-If - nepw h≥ CSn-hp-≠m-bn. _≠n-s\-]‰- n-bp≈ N¿®-Iƒ h∂-t∏mƒ Xs∂ A\p`-hk - º - ∂ - c - m-b I¿j-Ic - S- ° - a- p≈ Bfp- I ƒ AXns‚ A]ISw Nq≠n- ° m- ´ n- b n- c p- ∂ p. ]t£ AsXms° Ah-KW - n-°s - ∏-´p. {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xn-`m-kß - f - psS `mK-ambp≈ {]iv\ß - ƒ°v ]cn-lmcw F©n- \ o- b - d nwKv hgn- I - f √ F∂XmWvXÆo¿ap°w _≠ns‚ A\p-`hw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X - v.

F∂m¬ \n¿`m-Ky-hi - m¬ A[n-Imc-h¿Kw CXn¬ \n∂pw ]mTw D¬s°m-≈p-∂n√. CXm-XmWv Ip´\mSv ]mt°Pv \S-Øn-∏p-ambn _‘-s∏´ ]pXnb {]h¿Ø-\߃ ImWn-°p-∂X - v. cmPy-sØXs∂ BZysØ ]cn-ÿnXn ]p\ÿm-]\ ]cn-]mSnbmb Ip´-\mSv ]mt°Pv tIhew kmt¶-XnI

\n¿Ωm-Wß - f - mbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kzm¿∞-em-`Ø - n-\mbn kzman-\mY≥ IΩo-j≥ dnt∏m¿´nse `mK߬ AS¿Øn-sb-SpØv \S-∏n-em°p-I-bm-Wv. Ip´-\m-Sn-s‚ ]cnÿnXn ]p\-ÿm-]-\-Øn-\mbn kzman- \ m- Y ≥ ^ut≠- j ≥ apt∂m´v h® \nc-h[n I¿Ω-]≤ - Xn-I-fn¬ H∂p-am-{X-amWv s\Irjn kwc-£-W-Øn-\m-bp≈ ASn-ÿm\ kuI-cy-sam-cp-°¬.

AXn¬ Xs∂-bp≈ \nc-h[n ]nc]m-Sn-If - n¬ H∂mWv ]pdw l≠v \n¿amWw. A\n-hm-cy-amb CS-ßfn¬ am{Xta Icn-¶t√m tIm¨ {Iot‰m D]-tb-Kn®v \n¿ ΩmWw \SØmhq F∂pw ]d- ™ n- ´ p- ≠ v .

F∂n´pw Ip´-\mSv ]mt°Pv F∂m ¬ aqΔmbncw tImSn cq]-bpsS Icn¶¬- ˛ - t Im¨{Io‰v ]pdw- _ ≠v \n¿Ωm-Wa - mbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Imb¬ Itø-dn-bp≈ Sqdn kw

henb Hcp `oj-Wn-bm-Wv. CXv aq∂m¿ Itø-‰t- Ø-°mƒ `oI-ca - mWv . aq∂m¿ Itø‰w t]mepw km[q-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv k¿°m¿ ]pXnb \nb-aØ - n-eqsS sNøp-∂Xv. C°-W-°n-\mWv Imb-en\n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø- \ - ß ƒ ]ptcm-K-an-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ ChnSw ImWm≥ Sqdn-Ãp-If - mcpw hcn-√.

Ah¿°m-sbm-cp-°p-∂h - s - bms° A\mYambn InS-°p-Itb D≈p. tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cnjØv as¶m-ºn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n® ‘thWw as‰mcp Ip´-\mSv’ F∂ skan-\m¿ DZvLm-S\w sNøp-Ib - mbn- c p∂p At±- l w. ]cn- j Øv {]kn-≤o-Ic - n® ‘Ip´-\mSv ]mt°Pv - ˛ - H cp hne- b n- c p- Ø ¬’ F∂ ]pkvXI - w {]ikvX I¿j-I\ - mb ]c- t a- i zc Ipdn- ∏ n\v \¬Ins°m≠v At±lw {]Im- i \w sNbvXp. ]cn-jØv ]cn-kc hnjb-k-anXn AwKw tUm. tPm¨ aØmbn A≤y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

‘Ip´-\mSv ]mt°-Pv ˛ Zpcn-XØ - n\n∂pw Zpc-¥-Øn-te°v’ F∂ hnj-bØ - n¬ Fw. tKm]-Ip-amdpw ‘a’y-ta-Je - bpw Ip´-\mSpw’ F∂ hnj-bØ - n¬ tUm. sI. Pn. ]flIp-amdpw ‘thº-\mSpw Ip´-\mSv ]mt°Ppw’ F∂ hnj-b-ØntPmPn Iq´p-Ωepw kwkm-cn-®p. ]cn-jØv kwÿm\ {Sj-d¿ ]n. hn. hnt\m-Zv, Pn√m sk{I-´dn F≥. km\p, Pn√m {Sj-d¿ Pb≥ Nº-°pfw, ]cn-kc hnj-bk - a- nXn I¨ho\¿ dPn kmap-h¬ F∂n-hcpw kw_‘n®p.

_methZnbn¬ CubmgvN --{]h¿Ø\w ˛1 Iq´p-Imsc ssIb-Sn-°m-\d - n-bptam, ]pXnb ssIøSn t]cv ]g-°øSn. ama≥ \n¿t±iw sImSp-°p-∂p.

Rm≥ \n¬°p-∂X - n\v apI-fn-embn Hcp ]g-°pe Xq°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

AXn¬ \n∂pw Hcp ]gw ]dn-°p∂p. ]dn-s®-SpØ ]gw sXmen-s]mfn-°p-∂p. \n߃ sNtø-≠Xv Hcp sXmen s]mfn-°p-tºmƒ H‰-°ø - Sn c≠m-aXv s]mfn-°p-tºmƒ ssIbSn. s]mfn®p Ign™v hmb-bn¬ C´v ISn-®p Xn-∂p-tºmƒ ssIbSn XpSc-Ww. ISn Xo¿∂m¬ \n¿ØWw sX‰msX ssIb-Sn-°p-∂Xv hsc ]cn-io-e\w XpS-cW - w. \n¿t±-i-߃: A\p-k-cn°m-\pw, icn-bmb {i≤mtI{μo-Ic - W - w \SØm\pw ]‰nb sNdnb Hcp Ifn-bmWn-Xv. {]h¿Ø\w ˛2 ]mgvhkvXp-°ƒ s°m-s≠mcp ]Tt\m-]I - c - W - w.

Ip´n-I-fpsS FÆ-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v \qtem-S,Dd-∏p≈ \q¬, Cu¿°n¬, Im¿t_m¿Uv Ij-Wß - ƒ, (4.5cm x 4cm) CtX Af-hn-ep≈ ]£n-IfpsS Nn{Xw, ]i, henb kqNn (4F- Æ w), C{Xbpw Icp- X Ww (Im¿t_m-Uns‚ Hcp hiØv IqSv hc-°-Ww)

\n¿amWw: \qtem-S-bpsS 2 sk.an.apI-fn-embn Hcp Zzmcw CSp-I. AXn- \ p- ≈ n- e qsS \q¬ ISØn henb Cu¿°n¬ hn√v cq]-Ønhf®v hen®v sI´p-I. 20 sk.-an.\ofap≈ Cu¿°nens‚ A‰-Ømbn Cu¿°n¬ Nn{X- Ø n- s ‚bpw Im¿t_m¿Un- s ‚bpw \Sp- h nH´n®v DW-°p-I. ]n∂oSv \qtemSbv°v D≈n¬ ISØn \q¬ H∂v Cu¿°n-en-t\mSv Np‰p-I. \qtemS ]nSn®v \qen-eqsS hen®p t\m°q Infn Iq´n-em-hp-∂X - p-Im-Wmw. F¥v sIm≠v? \mw Hcp hkvXp-hns\ I≠mAXns‚ {]Xn-_nw_w IÆns‚ sd‰n-\b - n¬ 110 sec to 112 sec hsc Xßn-\n¬°pw . Cu ka-bØ - n-\p≈n¬ Infn Iq´n-embn tXm∂p∂p.

CXn\v ]d-bp∂ t]cmWv ZrjvSnÿm-bnX (Persistence of vision) {]h¿Ø\w ˛3 h°oepw I£nbpw Ifn Cu Ifn-bn¬ F√m-hcpw h°oepw F√m-hcpw I£n-bp-am-W.v hrØ-Øn¬ \n¬°p∂ Ip´n-If - nHmtcm-cp-Øc - p-sSbpw CSØv \nt∂m heØp \n∂ Bbn hcp∂ Ip´n h°o-em-Wv. C\n hrØ-Øn\p \Sphn¬ ama≥ tNmZy-am-bn-bp-≠m-hpw.

Hcp Ip´n-tbmSv (I-£n-tbm-Sv) tNmZn-

°p- ∂ p. \o F¥mWv cmhnse Nmbbv°v Iq´n-bXv? CXns‚ DØcw ]d-tb≠Xv CS-Xph-iØv \n¬°p∂ h°o-em-Wv. I£n DØcw ]d-™m¬ Hu´v. h°o¬ DØcw ]d-bm-Xn-cp-∂mepw H´v. Aßns\ 2 t]cpw Hu´m-hpw.

Ah-km\w hcp-∂h - ¿ hnP-bn-If - mhpw. {]h¿Ø\w ˛4 KWnX tIfn F{X hb- mbn. t]m°-‰n¬ F{X Nn√-db - p≠v. (100 cq]-bn¬ Ipd-hmb F{X cq]-bp-≠v. Nn√d IqSm-sX) Rm≥ ]d-™p-Xcmw Iq´p-Im-tc. ISemkpw t]\bpw FSp-°q. Fgp-Xq. hb v FgpXq 2 sIm≠v KpWn°q 4 Iq´pI 50 sIm≠v KpWn-°pI Nn√dIq´pI (1-ap-X¬ 99 hscbp≈ cq]tbm ss]ktbm) 365Ipd-bv°pI DØcw ]dbq 20 hb v 25 cq] DØcw In´n-bm¬ ama≥ 115 Iq´pI. 2ÿm\w am‰n IpØn-Sp-I. hb v ˛ Nn√d 20 25 {Inb-Iƒ Adn-bm-Øh - sc ]cnN- b - s ∏- S p- Ø mw. ]c- k v ] cw Cu {]h¿Ø\w Ip´n-Iƒ Xs∂ sImSp-

°s´. 115 BWv Cu IW-°ns‚ kq{Xw F∂v t\cn´v ]d™p sImSp°msX DØ-cØ - n¬ \n∂pw Is≠Øm≥ Ahsc klm-bn-®m¬ aXn. {]h¿Ø\w ˛5 t\XrXz ]cn-io-e\ - a - m-bm-tem.

Ip´n-Is - f 5 t]¿ hoX-ap≈ {Kq∏pI-fm-°p-I, ]qhns‚ t]tcm, ]£nbpsS t]tcm, imkv{X-⁄-cpsS t]tcm, Ihn-If - psS t]tcm .... D]tbm-Kn®v {Kq∏v D≠m-°mw.

Longest paper: Hmtcm {Kq∏n\pw Hcp \yqkv t]∏-dns‚ ]IpXn `mKw sImSp-°p-∂p. 8 Hm ]tØm an\p´v kabw sImSp-°Ww Hmtcm {Kq∏pw IS-emkv ]c-kv]cw th¿s]-SmsX G‰hpw \of- a p≈ IS- e m- k mbn IodWw. \n›nX ka- b - Ø n- \ p≈n¬ sNbvX {Kq∏v hnP-bn-®p. {]h¿Ø\w ˛6 Wake up B - Imiw, `qan, ]mXmfw \n¿t±- i - ß ƒ; hrØ- Ø n\n¬°p-I. BIm-iw, F∂v ]d™m¬ ssI c≠pw s]m°p-I., `qan , ssI t\sc ]nSn-°p-I. ]mXmfw XmgvØn shbv°p-I. ama≥ ]d-bp∂Xp t]msebmbn-cn-°n√ ama≥ sNøp-I. ]mXmfw F∂v ]d™v ama≥ ssI s]m°n-bm¬ Iq´p-Im¿

HØp-]n-Sn°mw F√m-hcpw Xøm-dmtWm? kaq-lØ - n¬ H‰-s∏-Sp-∂h - c - mWv Xn≥a-bn-te°pw A‘-hn-izm-kØ - nte°pw A]-IS- Ø - n-te°pw sN∂p NmSp-∂-Xv. kwL-Sn®p \n∂mF¥p t\Smw. HØp ]nSn-®m¬ aebpw t]mcpw HØn-s√-¶n¬ ae¿∂p hogpw HØm-eXp HØXp Xs∂ H°m-sX-¥p≠v?... H°m-sX-¥p-≠v.

H∂q√ym.... H∂q√ym.... H∂q√ym-s´m.. ˛ HØp-]n-Sn-®msImØn sImØn \S°pw ]d-hI - ƒ he-bn¬ hoW-t∏mƒ H∂n-s®m-∂mbv ]d-∂p-b¿∂-h¿ he-bm-Xm-bn-t√... he-bm-Xm-bn-t√...

F¥p sIm≠v? .... F¥v sIm≠v ....

Ah-sbm-∂n-s®m-∂mbv ]d-∂p... ˛ HØp-]n-Sn-®mH‰-Øp≈n sh≈w sIm≠mcp ]pg-bp-≠m-hn-√m... IS-ep-≠m-hn-√m...

H∂n-s®m-∂mbv sNøpw Xp≈nIƒ ]pg- b mbv amdp∂p... IS- e mbv amdp∂p F¥p sIm≠v? .... F¥v sIm≠v ! ]e-Xp≈n s]cp-h≈ - w..... lm...-lm... ˛ HØp-]n-Sn-®mH‰-bvs°mcp Iºp-ap-dn-°ms\-s¥fp∏w H∂n-s®m-∂mbv \n¬°pw Iºp-Iƒ Ffp-∏a - √ - s - √m.... Ffp-∏a - √ - t- √m....

F¥p sIm≠v? ....F¥v sIm≠v !

Ah-sbm-‰s - °-´v.....

H∂n®p Ifn®p ]Tn-°m≥ H∂n®p ckn®p ]Tn-°m≥ H∂m-hpI Iq´-sc... H∂n-°pI Iq´tc... HØp ]nSnt®m ... HØp ]nSn-t®m.. {]h¿Ø\w ˛8

Hcp \mS≥ ]m´v ImXne thtWm.... ImXne thtWm..... Ip™m-Øq-t\.... \n-s°-bv¥n\m\nßsf s]ßfv ImXn-en-s´mcp ImXo-e.... \n-bv°n-≠t- √m.... cm∏-Ie - nev an∂nØn-fßvW ImXnem CXp t]mse Hmtcm {Kq∏pw B`-cW- Ø ns‚ t]cpw s]߃ °v ]Icw, a‰v _‘-ßfpw Ah-bh - Øns‚ t]cpw am‰n-∏m-Smw. {]h¿Ø\w ˛9 Project Hcp Home work Bbmtem

Hcp tImSn cq]-bpsS Hcp cq] \mWbw FÆn-Øo¿°m≥ F{X Znhkw th≠n-hc - pw.

Xømdm°nbXv: bp.sambvXo≥, tImgnt°mSv hnem-kw: ]cn- j Zv hm¿Ø- b n- t e- ° p≈ F√m IØp- I fpw hm¿Ø- I fpw ]cn- j Zv `h≥, imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØv, F.sI.-Pn. tdmUv, CS-∏-≈n, sIm®n F∂ hnem-k-Øn¬ Ab-bv°pI

4 ]cnjZv hm¿Ø

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1˛15

imkv{XK-Xn'bneqsS P\-d¬ sk{I-´-dn-bpsS IØv

{]uV teJ-\-ß-fpw, hn⁄m\ hn`-h-ßfpw ˛B¿. Knco-jvIp-am¿

ap√-s∏-cn-bm¿ : imizX]cn-lmcw thWw ap√-s∏-cn-bm¿ AW-s°-´ns‚ kpc£ kw_-‘n-®p≈ X¿°w cq£-ambncn°p-I-bm-Wt√m. Umw XI¿∂v XßfpsS Poh\pw kzØn\pw \miw kw`-hn-°p-sa∂v tIc-f-Ønse e£°-W-°n\mfp-Iƒ `b-s∏-Sp-∂p. C√m-Ø-Im-cy-߃ ]d™v X߃°p e`n-°p∂ sh≈hpw sshZyp-Xnbpw C√m-Xm-°m≥ tIcfw {ian-°p∂Xmbn Xangv \mSv P\-Xbpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p.-ap-√s∏-cn-bm¿ `mKØv CubnsS A\p-`h - s - ∏´ `qN-e\ - ß - f - mWv Ct∏mƒ P\-ßsf ]cn-{`m-¥-cm-°n-bXv.kn\n-abpw am[y-a-ß-fn¬ Hmtcm-Znh-khpw hcp∂ hm¿ØIfpw N¿®-Ifpw {]kw-K-ßfpw P\-ßfpsS ]cn-{`m¥n h¿≤n-∏n-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p. CtXm-sSm∏w tI{μk¿°m-cns‚ Ah-k-tcm-Nn-X-amb CSs]-S¬ D≠m-Im-ØXpw {]iv\w hj-fm-Ip-∂-Xn-\n-S-bm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.

1979 apX¬ tIc-fhpw Xan-gv\mSpw XΩn¬ Cu°mcy-ØnX¿°-ßfpw hyh-lm-c-ßfpw \S-∂p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. 2006¬ kp{]nwtIm-SXn Gsd°psd GI-]-£o-b-sa∂v tXm∂n-°p∂ Hcp hn[n {]kvXm-hn®tXmsS-bmWv Ccp kwÿm-\-ß-fn-tebpw P\-ß-fpsS sshIm-cnI {]iv\-ambn CXp amdnbXv. Cu hn[n-bn¬ Pe-\n-c∏v 142 ASn-bm°n Db¿Øp-∂-Xn\v kp{]ow-tIm-SXn \n¿tZ-in-®p. tIcfhpw Xan-gv\mSpw XΩn-ep-≠mb [mc-W-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn1979 apX¬ 136 ASn Pe-\n-c∏ - mWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. Pe-\n-c∏v Db-cptºmƒ h\w \in-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xn¬ Ig-ºn-s√∂pw B\Iƒ°pw ISp-hI - ƒ°psa√mw sh≈w s]ßp-∂Xv kt¥m-jI - c - a - msW∂pw a‰p-ap≈ ]c-am¿i-ßfpw kp{]nw-tIm-SXn hn[n-bn-ep-≠v. ag Ipd™ Xan-gv\m-´n¬ Hmtcm Xp≈n sh≈hpw AXn{]-[m-\-am-Wv. Pe-hn-Xm-\-ap-b¿Øn IqSp-X¬ sh≈w e`y-am-°m≥ kp{]nw tImS-Xn-\¬Inb DØ-c-hn\v tIcfw hg-ßm-Xn-cp-∂-Xv Xangv\m´p-Imsc {]tIm]n∏n-®p.-\q-dn¬ A[nIw h¿jw ]g-°-ap≈ AW-s°-´ns‚ kpc-£-bn-emWv tIc-f-Øn\v DXvI-WvT-bp≠mbncp-∂-Xv. 2000 Unkw-_-dnepw 2001- P-\p-h-cn-bnepw tIm´bw Pn√bnse Cucm-‰p-t]-´-bv°-SpØv D≠mb kmam\yw i‡-amb `qNe\w apX-emWv P\-ß-fpsS Bi¶ h¿≤n-®-Xv. {_n´njv `c-W-Im-eØv Ah-cpsS kΩ¿±-Øn\v hgßn Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse kma-¥-cm-Pm-hm-bn-cp-∂ hnimJw Xncp-\mƒ alm-cm-Pm-hmWv ap√-s∏-cn-bmdnse sh≈w aZn-cmin kwÿm-\Øn\v hn´p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ Icm¿ 1886 HIvtSm-_¿ 26\v H∏psh-®-Xv. Cu Icm¿ {]Imcw ap√-s∏-cn-bm-dns‚ Ccp-I-c-I-fn-epambn 8000 G°¿ ÿehpw AXn-t\mSv tN¿∂v ]≤Xn {]h¿Ø\-Øn-\mbn as‰mcp 100 G°¿ ÿehpamWv 999 h¿j-tØbv°v ]m´-Øn\p \¬In-bXv. ]n∂oSv ChnsS 155 ASn kw`-c-W-ti-jnbp≈ AW-s°´v \n¿Ωn-®p. 1970se tIc-f-k¿°m-cns‚ DZm-c-a-\ÿn-Xn-tbmsSbp≈ kao-]-\-hpw- A-∂p-≠m-°nb Icmcpw Xangv\m-Sn\v ta¬t°mbva D≠m-°n-s°m-Sp-Øp.C∂sØ Ah-ÿ-bn¬ Pe-\n-c∏v Ipd®v P\-ß-fpsS `oXn AI-‰p-I-bmWv DS≥ sNtø-≠-Im-cyw. ]pXnb Umw \n¿ΩW-Øn-\p≈ \S-]-Sn-Ifpw Bcw-`n-t°-≠-Xp≠v. ip≤-Pe - Ø - n-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ X¿°-߃ C¥y-bpsS a‰p-`mK-ßf - nepw temI-sØ-ºmSpw \S°p∂p-≠.v tIc-fØ - n¬ Xs∂ c≠p \Zn-Isf _‘n-∏n®v sh≈w ]¶n-Sp∂Xn\p≈ ]≤Xn CubnsS Gsd tImem-le - a - p-b¿Øn-bXv Hm¿°p-at- √m. aqhm-‰p-]pgbmdn-s\bpw ao\®n-em-dn-s\bpw Hcp SW¬ hgn _‘n-∏n®v aqhm-‰p-]p-gb - nse ‘A[nI Pew’ ao\-®n-em-‰n-te°v Xncn-®p-hn-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]≤-Xn-bmWv k¿°m¿ {]Jym-]n-®-Xv. Ccp \Zn-I-fp-sSbpw Xoc-hm-kn-Iƒ XΩnep≈ X¿°-Øn\v CXp hgn-sh-®p. kao-]-`mhn-bn¬ ]pgsbmgpIp∂ Hmtcm ]©m-bØpw AXnse sh≈-Øn\pth≠n X¿°-ap≠m-bn-cp∂ Ahÿ kwPm-X-am-Ip-sa-∂mWv imkv{X-temIw \¬Ip∂ ap∂-dn-bn∏v. A\n-b-{¥n-X-amb aW¬hmcepw ssItø‰hpw aqew \Zn-It- fbpw AXns‚ hrjvSn{]tZi-߃ \in-∏n-°p∂ {]h-WX i‡n-s∏-´p-h-cn-I-bm-Wv. am{X-a-√ km¿Δ¿{XnI aen-\oI-c-Whpw {]iv\w -cq-£-am-°p-∂p. Ip∂n-Sn®pw ]mSw \nI-Ønbpw Pew kw`-cn-®p-h-bv°m-\p≈ F√m ]gp-Xp-Ifpw \mw C√m-Xm-°ns°m-≠n-cn-°b - m-Wv. Itºm-fb - p-‡n-°\ - p-kc - n®v XnI®pw D]-t`m-KØn¬ A[n-jvTn-Xa - mb Hcp hnI-k\\b-Øns‚ ]cn-WnX ^e-amWvC - s - X√mw. em`m-[n-jvTnX kº-Zvhy-hÿ a\p-jy\pw {]Ir-Xnbpw XΩn-ep≈ k¥p-en-Xm-hÿ XI¿Øp-sIm-≠n-cn-°b - m-Wv. AXy-¥nI-ambn CXv {]Ir-Xn°pw a\p-jy-cm-in°pw tZmj-Ic - a - m-Wv. CXp Xncn-®d - n™v Dev]m-Z\ - [ - n-jvTn-Xa - m-b, F√m-hs - cbpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂, Hcp kmaq-lnI hnI-k\ k¶¬∏hpw AXn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ {]h¿Ø\-ßfpw D≠m-hW - w. ap√-s∏-cn-bm¿ N¿® B Zni-bn-te°v hf¿Ønsb-Sp-°m-\m-IW - w.

Sn. ]n. {ioi-¶¿ P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn

C√mØ hf¿®bpw, h√mØ hf¿®bpw F∂ B¿.-hn.-Pn-bpsS apJ-°p-dn-t∏m-sS-bmWv Unkw-_¿ e°w imkv{X-KXn XpSßp- ∂ - X v . s]mXp- t a- J - e - b psS {]m[m\yw, tIcf amXr- I - b nse Bi¶ Ch-sbms° kqNn-∏n-®psIm≠v kmaq-lnI \oXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbp≈ \oXn]q¿h-amb \ne-\n-dp-Ømhp∂ kmº-ØnI hf¿®-bmWv hnIk-\s - a∂v At±lw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

4 IØp-If - mWv Cu e°-Øn-ep-≈Xv. Xriq-cnse F≥. ssje-Pbpw ]pXp-∏Ww kztZ-in-bmb F. lcnZm-k-\p-amWv Ahbn¬ {][m-\w. hnZym-`ym-kw, imkv{X-t_m[w F∂nh-bmWp {]Xn-]m-Zyw. HIvtSm-_¿ e°- Ø n¬ h∂ hnZym- ` ymk ]mt°Pv F∂ teJ-\-tØm-Sp≈ {]Xn-Ic - Ww {it≤-ba - m-Wv. A‘-hnizm-khpw imkv{Xhpw HØp-t]m-Ins√∂p lcn-Zm-k≥ ]d-bp-∂p. teJ\-߃ \√ \ne- h m- c - a p- ≈ - h - b msW∂pw {]q^v hmb\ Imcy-£-aam-°-W-sa∂pw a‰p IØp-Iƒ ]dbp-∂p.

"Ip´-\mSv ]mt°Pv A´n-a-dn-°-s∏Sp∂ ap≥K-W-\-Iƒ' F∂ Fw. tKm]-Ip-amdpw, km\phpw tN¿s∂gp- X nb teJ\w hnj- b sØ imkv { Xo- b - a mbn kao- ] n- ° p- ∂ p. hkv X p- X - I ƒ \ncØn ]mt°Pv Cwπn-sa-t‚-j-\nse A]m-I-X-Iƒ Xpd-∂p-Im-´p-∂p. Ip´-\m-Sn-s\bpw {]iv\ß - s - fbpw hy‡-ambn ]cn-Nb-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p teJ-I¿. hmbn®p ]Tn-t°-≠X - mWo teJ-\w. dn®m¿Uv hn¬In≥k-Wns‚ teJ\sØ B[m-c-am°n B¿.-hn.Pn. Xøm-dm-°nb teJ-\a - mWv "kº-Øp≠m-°n-bm¬ t]mcm....'. Pn.-Un.]n h¿≤-\b - √ hnI-k\ - s - a∂pw AkaXzw C√mbv a sNbv X p- s Im≠v am{Xsa hf¿® t\Sm-\mhq F∂ teJ\w Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. thWw as‰mcp tIcfw F∂ Bhiyw {]k‡-am-°p∂ teJ-\a - m-Wn-Xv. s{]m^. Sn.-]n. Ip™n-°Æ - ≥ "DZmc-h¬°-cW - h - pw, kzImcy ]W-an-S]m-Sp-I-fpsS hgn-hn´ hf¿®bpw' F∂ teJ-\Ø - n¬ [\-ta-Je - b - nse hninjym _m¶nwKv taJ-eb - nse DZmco-I-cW \S-]-Sn-I-fpsS Ncn-{Xhpw am‰- ß fpw kqNn- ∏ n®v sIm≠v kzImcy ]W- a n- S - ] m- S p- I - f psS hf¿®bpw ssat{Im ^n\m ≥kv cwKsØ IS∂p Ib-‰-hp-sams° hni-Ie - \hnt[-ba - m-°p-∂p.

Sn.-Sn. kqcPvcmPv "s]t{Smƒ hne h¿[\ B¿°p-th≠n?' F∂mWp tNmZn-°p-∂-Xv. s]t{Sm-fn\p \mw \¬Ip∂ hne-bpsS ]mXn-tbmfw Iº-\n-I-fpsS em`hpw k¿°m¿ \nIp-Xn-bp-am-Wv. Ch Ipd-bv°p-∂Xn\p XSkw FÆ taJ-e-bpsS kzImcyh¬°-c-W-amWv At±lw ]d-bp-∂p. "am[y-a-ß-fnse kv{Xo hncp-≤X'bmWv tUm.-Sn.sI B\-μn-bpsS teJ-\h - n-jb - w. am[y-aß - f - nse ]oU\-IY - I - f - pw, kv{Xohnjb teJ-\ß - fpw, kuμcy h¿≤-tIm-ev]∂ ]cky-ßfpw Hs° hni-Ie - \w sNbvXpsIm-≠v, kaq-l-Øn¬ `oXn ]cØp∂, kv{Xosb hnev]-\-N-c-°m°p∂ am[ya kao-]\w "tπt_mbv'

"Ip´-\mSv ]mt°Pv A´n-a-dn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ap≥K-W\ - I - ƒ' "kº-Øp-≠m-°nbm¬ t]mcm....'.

"DZm-ch - ¬°-cW - h - pw, kzImcy ]W-an-S] - m-SpI-fpsS hgn-hn´ hf¿®bpw' "s]t{Smƒ hne h¿[\ B¿°pth≠n?' am[y-aß - f - nse kv{Xo hncp-≤X-' "aÆv, Pohs‚ DS-tbm≥' bqtdm-]y≥ kwkvIrXn-bpsS thcp-Iƒ'

amknI hsc ]T-\h - n-t[-ba - m-°ns°m-≠,v B\μn ]d-bp-∂p ˛ IqSpX¬ ]pd-Øn-dß - n, bm{X sNbvXv, kab ]cn[n ewLn-®v, hcp∂ {]Xn-_‘ - ß - s - f- X-cWw sNbvXv, tNmZyw sNbvXp-sIm-≠v, \nkw-KX-sh-Sn™v {]Xn-I-cn-®p-sIm≠p am{Xta ]oV-\c - w-Kt- h-Zn-Iƒs°Xnsc ine-bn-Sm≥ Ign-bp-Ib - p-≈p.

Gsd N¿®- sNtø≠ XmWo teJ-\w.

"]cn--k-c-'Øn¬ F≥. tKm]m-e-IrjvW≥ "aÆv Pohs‚ DS-tbm≥' F∂ teJ-\a - mWv Ipdn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv. aÆns‚ Dev]-Øn-imkv{Xw, aÆn¬ Im¿_-Wnb ]Zm¿∞-ßfpsS {]tbm-P\w Ch-sbms° {]Zn]m-Zn-°p∂p At±-lw. \mw aÆns‚ D¿h-cX IÆnse IrjvW-a-Wnt]mse ImØp-kq-£n-°W - s - a∂p ]d-bp-∂p. "bqtdm-]y≥ kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS thcpIƒ' XpS-cp-∂p. B¿.-hn.Pn. tdma≥ imkv{Xw, F©n-\n-b-dnwKv sshZKv≤yw, hmkvXp-hnZy, bp≤-Øns‚ kmt¶-XnIhnZy Ch-sbm-s°-bmWv {]Xn-]m-Zyw. "]pkvXI ]cn-Nb-'Ø - n¬ Pn. tKm]n\m-Y≥ "Zn t{K‰Ãv tjm Hm¨ F¿Ø v˛ Zn Fhn-U≥kv t^m¿ Ch- e yq- j ≥- ' F∂ dn®m¿Uv Um°n≥kns‚ ]pkvXIw ]T\ hnt[-ba - m°n ]cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

"IpXn-sIm-≈p∂ imkv{X'-Ønkn.- h n. N{μ≥ "Iºyq- ´ - d p- I fpw BtKm- f - X m- ] - \ - h p- ' amWv N¿® sNøp-∂X - v. C‚¿s\-‰ns‚ sk¿hpIsf {]h¿Øn- ∏ n- ° m≥ h¿jØn¬ 123 _ney¨ Intem hm´v Ah¿ sshZypXn th≠n hcp∂p F∂p teJ-\I - m-c≥ ]d-bp-∂p.

"A¤pX civan°v AºXmw ]nd-∂mfm'Wv "imkv{X-'Øn¬ F≥.-Fk - v.

Acp¨Ip-am¿ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≈ Ipdn-∏.v tek-dns‚ hf¿®bpw D]-tbm-Kh - psams° At±lw AWn\nc-Øp-∂p. imkv{X-hm¿-ØI - f - pw, lc-W^ - e - hpw Cu e°-Øn\p am‰p Iq´p-∂p. ]e- ]p-Xnb N¿®-Iƒ°pw ]T-\Øn\pw hgn acp-∂n-Sp∂ teJ-\ß - fm¬ kar-≤a - mWo e°-hpw. teJ-\߃ ]q¿W-ambn hmbn-°p-I. A`n{]m-bß - ƒ Ab-b° v p-I.

{Kma-]{Xw $ ap√-s∏-cn-bm¿ Umans‚ A]-IS `ojWn Hgn-hm-°pI $ AW-s°-´nse Pe-hn-Xm\w 120 ASnbmbn Ipd-bv°p-I $ F{Xbpw thKw ]pXnb AW-s°-´ns‚ \n¿amWw Bcw-`n-°pI $ {]Ir-Xn-sbbpw Imem-h-ÿ-tbbpw ]cn-K-Wn-°mØ em`m-[n-jvTnX hnI-k\ \b-ßsf sNdp-°pI $ ae-bm-fnbpw Xan-g\pw a\p-jy-cm-Wv, a\p-jy-\miw XS-bpI thKw

tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØv

2011 Unkw_¿ 1˛15

taJ-emhn⁄mt\m-’hw

5

]pXnb tIcfw kr„vSn°p∂Xv Ip´nIfmbncn°pw sI.sI.IrjvWIpam¿

ap≥Iq´n s NbvXp-h-tc-≠ {{]h¿Ø]h¿Ø-\-߃ sNbv bp.-]n. hn`mKw \n¿an°mw {]Z¿in-∏n°mw imkv{X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´v \n߃ Ht´sd Imcy-߃ ]Tn-®n-´p≠t√m? ]Tn-®n-´p≈ GsX-¶nepw XØz-߃ sXfn-bn-°mt\m Bi-b߃ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ømt\m DXIp∂ D]-Ic - W - ß - tfm amXr-II - tfm \n¿Ωn-°p-Ib - mWv \n߃ sNtø≠-X.v Np‰p-]m-Sp-\n∂pw In´p∂ km[\-߃, D]-tbm-Kt- ijw hen-s®-dnbp∂ hkvXp-°ƒ, ]W-s®-eh - p-Ipd™ a‰p hkvXp-°ƒ F∂nh D]tbm-Kn-®mWv \n¿ΩmWw \S-tØ-≠Xv. \n¿Ωn-°p∂ D]-Ic - Ww/amXrI GXp ¢mknse GXp ]mT-`m-Khpambn _‘-s∏´-XmWv F∂p IqSn tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØW - w. Iq´p-Im¿, ho´pIm¿, A[ym- ] - I ¿ XpS- ß n- b - h cpsSsbm s° klmbw tXSm-sa¶nepw \n¿ΩmWw kz¥w ssIsIm≠p-Xs∂bmhWw. BsI aqs∂-Æa - mWv \n¿Ωnt°-≠X - .v CXn¬ cs≠Æw ho´n\n∂pw \n¿Ωn-®p-sIm-≠p-hc - p-Ibpw HscÆw hn⁄m-t\m-’-h-tI-{μØn¬ h®v \n¿Ωn-°p-I-bp-amWv th≠-X.v

ho´n¬ \n∂pw \n¿Ωn®v sIm≠p-ht- c-≠Xv ho´n¬ \n∂pw \n¿Ωn®v sIm≠ph- t c- ≠ Xn¬ Hsc- Æ - s a- ¶ nepw {]h¿Ø-\a - m-Xr-I (Working Model) B-bn-cn-°W - w. D]-tbm-Kn® kma-{KnIƒ, \n¿ΩmW coXn, Dƒs°m≈p∂ imkv { X- X Øzw AYhm Bibw F∂nh AS-ßnb Ipdn∏pw Hmtcm-∂n\pw Xøm-dm°n sIm≠p-hc-Ww.

hn⁄m-t\m-’h tI{μ-Ønh®v \n¿Ωn-t°-≠Xv CXv \n¿_-‘a - mbpw Hcp {]h¿ Ø\amXrI Bbn-cn-°W - w. CXp \n¿Ωn-°m-\m-h-iy-amb apgp-h≥ kma-{Kn-Ifpw \n¿Ωm-WØ - n\pth≠ D]- I - c - W - ß fpw (Tools) \n߃ Xs∂ sIm≠p-h-c-Ww. CXns\ kw_-‘n-°p∂ Ipdn∏pw hn⁄mt\m-’h tI{μ-Øn¬ h®mWv Xømdm-t°-≠X - .v aq∂p \n¿Ωn-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw Hcp {]Z¿i\w hn⁄m-t\m-’h - t- I-{μØn¬ h®v \S- ° pw. At∏mƒ {]Z¿i-\-h-kvXp-°-sf-Ip-dn-®p≈ hni-Zo-Ic - Whpw \n߃ \¬Ipat√m. Xmsg-∏d - b - p-∂h-sb√mw aqey\n¿WbØn\v ]cn-KW - n-°s - ∏-Sp∂ LS-Iß - f - m-W.v Ipd™ \n¿Ωm-Ws - ®-ehv

\n¿Ωm-WØ - nse anIhv ]pXpa {]h¿Ø-\£ - a - X Bi-b[ - m-cW hni-Zo-Icn-®p -sIm-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ tijn

sslkv°qƒ hn`mKw tIcf imkv{X-kmlnXy ]cnjØv C°-gn™ tIc-f∏ - n-dhn Zn\Øn¬ thWw as‰mcp tIcfw F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp hnI-k\ Iymºbn\v XpS°w Ipdn®p. Ak-aX - z-߃ hf-cp-∂, Irjn \in-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂, ]pg-Ifpw ]mS-ßfpw Ip∂p-If - pw acn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂, kv{XoI ƒ°pw Ip´n-Iƒ°pw \n¿`-ba - mbn Pohn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ C∂sØ tIc- f - a √ \ap°p th≠- X v . \mfsØ tIcfØn¬ hcp-tØ≠ am‰-ßs - f- Ip-dn-®p≈ Ht´sd ]T-\߃ tIc-fØ - n¬ DS-\ofw \S-°pI-bm-W.v hnZym-`ymkw, Btcm-Kyw, ]cn- k cw XpS- ß nb cwK- ß - f nsems° _Z¬ hnI-k\ - a- m-Xr-II - ƒ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ {ia-amWv \S-°p∂- X v . tIc- f - Ø nse \mfsØ hml\ D]-tbmKw Fßs\ Bbncn-°Ww F∂-Xn-te°v shfn®w hoip∂, tIc-fØ - n¬ \S-°p∂ ]T\-ß-fn-te°v IÆn-tN¿°m-hp∂, Hcp ]T\w \ap°pw \S-Øn-bmtem? s]t{Smtfm Uoktem C‘\-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂ h - ml-\ß - ƒ lcn-X-Kr-l-hm-X-I-ßsf t\cn´v A¥-co-£Ø - n-te°v FØn-°p-∂p.

Ccp-N{- I-hm-l\ - ß - fnepw sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb Imdp-Ifnepw Po∏nepw a‰pw Hcmƒ X\n®p k©cn-°ptºmƒ Abmƒ°p-th≠n am{Xw sNehm°p∂Xv F{X-am{Xw C‘\amsW∂v \n߃ Nn¥n-®n-´pt≠m?

CXv Aaq-ey-amb t^mkn¬ C‘\-ßf - psS Zpcp-]t- bm-Ka - t√? AXpaqew F{Xam{Xw lcn-XK - r-lh - m-XI-߃ A¥-co-£Ø - n-te°v FØp∂p- ≠ mIpw? AXp- s Im- ≠ mWv sFIy-cm-jv{S- kw-LS- \ - b - psS Iognep≈ UNEP kzIm-cy-hm-l\ - ß - fpsS D]-tbm-KsØ \ncp-’m-ls - ∏Sp-Øp-Ibpw s]mXpKXm-KX kwhn[m-\ß - f - mb _kv, Xoh≠n F∂nhsb IqSp-Xe - mbn t{]m’m-ln-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂X - .v Cu Bibw F{X-tØmfw tIc-fØ - nse P\-ßfpsS a\- n-te°v FØn-bn-´p≠v?

Ah¿ F{X-tØmfw Ch {]mtbmKn-I-am-°p-∂p≠v? tIc-f-Ønse C∂sØ hml-\ D - ] - t- bm-Ks - Ø Ip-

dn®pIqSn ]Tn-®p-sIm-≠p-am-{Xta \msf-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ [mc-WI - ƒ cq]s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-Iq. \n߃ sNtø-≠X - v \nß-fpsS kvIqfnt‚tbm hoSnt‚tbm ap∂n-ep≈ tdmUn-eqsS Hcp \n›n-Xk - a - b - Ø - n-\p-≈n¬ IS∂p t]mIp∂ hnhn[ hml-\-ß-fpsS Xcw Xncn-®p≈ IW-s°-Sp-°W - w.

Hmtcm hml-\Ø - nepw k©-cn-°mhp∂ ]c- a m- h [n Bfp- I - f psS FÆhpw bYm¿-∞Øn¬ k©-cn°p∂ Bfp-If - psS FÆhpw IqSn tcJ-s∏-Sp-ØW - w. tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xn\v Iq´p-Im-cpsS klmbw tXSmw. HmSn-t∏m-Ip∂ _kn¬ k©-cn°p∂ Bfp-If - psS FÆw IrXyambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ign-s™∂p hcn-√. AXn-\m¬ AXn\v Xmsg-∏d - bp∂ coXn D]-tbm-Kn-°mw.

F√m ko‰nepw Bfn-cn-°p-∂n√ ˛ Xosc Xnc-°n√ F√m ko‰nepw Bfn-cn-°p∂p≠v ˛ Xnc-°n√ ko‰n¬ Ccn-°p-∂Xp IqSmsX Ipsdt∏¿ \n¬°p-∂p≠v ˛ Xnc°p≠v ^pSvt_mUn-eS- °w Xnßn-\n-d™v Bƒ°m-cp≠v ˛ \√ Xnc-°p-≠.v Hcp Znh-kØ - n¬ GsXms° ka-bØ - mWv IW-s°-Sp-t°-≠Xv F∂pw F{X-Zn-hkw IW-s°-Sp∏v \S-ØW - s - a∂psams°bp≈ Imcy߃ \n߃°p Xs∂ Xocp-am\n°mw. AØ-cs - amcp Xocp-am-\Ø - nte-s°-Øm-\p≈ bp‡n Fs¥ms°-bmWv F∂v {]tXyIw tcJ-s∏Sp-ØW - w. hnh-cß - f - psS IrXyX Dd∏m- ° p- I bpw Ah ]´n- I - s ∏- S pØpIbpw th- W w. Ch- s b√mw Dƒs∏- S pØn A©p- t ]- P nIhnbmØ Hcp dnt∏m¿´v Xøm-dm°n sIm≠p-h-c-Ww. e`n-°p∂ hnh-c߃ A]-{K-Yn®v \nK-a-\-ß-fnFØptºmƒ Xmsg- ∏ - d - b p∂ Imcy߃ IqSn ]cn-KW - n-°p-at- √m. s]mXp-KX - m-KX - - kw-hn-[m-\Ø - ns‚ ]c-am-h[n D]-tbmKw. kzImcy hml-\-ß-fpsS Zpcp]tbmKw. hml\ D]-tbm-K-Ønse Aimkv{Xo-bX - I - ƒ - . s]mXp/kzImcy KXm-KX kwhn-[m\-Øns‚ KpW tZmjhnNn-¥\w. tIc-fØ - nse \mfsØ hml\ D]tbm-Ks - Ø Ip-dn-®p≈ \n¿t±-iß - ƒ.

kb³kv B]vän-äyqUv s{]mtam-j³ t{]m{Kmw tI{μ kwÿm\ kmt¶-XnI hIp- ∏ n- s ‚bpw kwÿm\ imkv { X Iu¨kn- e ns‚bpw klm-b-tØmsS ]me-°mSv Pn√bnse ap≠q-cn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ sF.-B¿.-Sn.-kn-bn¬ sslkvIqƒ, lb¿sk- ° - ≠ dn hnZym¿∞nIƒ°mbn kb≥kv B]v‰n-‰yqUv s{]mtam-j≥ t{]m{Kmw Bcw-`n°p-∂p. hnZym¿∞n-I-fn¬ ^nknIvkv, sIan-kv{Sn, _tbm -fPn

F∂o hnj-b-ß-fn¬ imkv{Xm`ncpNn hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-I-bmWv Cu t{]m{Kmw hgn e£y-an-Sp-∂Xv. ]co-£-W-߃ sNøp-hm\pw, Xm¬∏-cy-ap-≠m-°m-\pw, {]m]vXn h¿≤n-∏n-°p-hm\pw DX-Ip∂ hn[Øn-emWv Cu t{]m{Kmw Bkq{XWw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. Unkw_¿ 26 apX¬ 30 hsc \ofp∂ Cu t{]mKm-an\v XmakØn \pw, `£-W-Øn\pw D≈ sNe-hp-Iƒ

Dƒs∏sS 600 cq]-bmWv ^okv.

Xm¬∏-cy-ap≈ hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ Unkw-_¿ 15\v ap≥]v t]cv cPnÿ sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. _‘-s∏-tS≠ hnemkw sF.-B¿.-Sn.-kn, ap≠q¿, ]me-°mSv t^m¨ : 04912832324,2832663, Csa-bn¬ : irtcpalakkad@gmail.com

ss]\mhv:]pXnb tIcfw, AXp \√Xmbmepw NoØbmbmepw kr„n°p∂Xv Ip´nIfmbncn°p sa∂pw AXn\p≈t_m[wAh¿ °v \¬tI≠Xv _methZnIfm sW∂pwAXpsIm≠v _methZn Iƒ kwLS\bpsS G‰hpw {][m\ {]h¿Ø\taJe bmI-Wsa∂pw I.sI.Irjv W Ipam¿ A`n{]mbs∏´p. CSp°n Pn√bpsS Bÿm\amb ss]\mhn\Sp Øvsh≈∏mdbn¬ kwÿm\ sØ _methZn {]h¿ØI¿ °mbn kwLSn∏n® 3 ZnhksØ h\ h¿j Iymºv DZvLmS\w sNbv X pkwkmcn°p I- b m- b ncp∂pAt±lw.tIcfØnse h\ß sf°pdn®pw _me thZn {]h¿Ø\ßfpsS hym]\sØ °pdn®pw \SØnb N¿® Cu taJebnse kwLS\bpsS CSs]SepIƒ°v ]pXnb Znim t_m[w \¬°p∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

Iymºn¬ 10 Pn√Ifn¬ \n∂mbn 35 _methZn {]h¿ØI¿ ]s¶Sp Øp.Pn√msk{I´dn sI.F. {^m≥knkv kzmKXw Biwkn®p. kwÿm\ I¨ho \¿ ]n.ctajv Ipam¿ Iymºn s‚ Dt±ie£yß sfIpdn®v BapJw \¬In. ]s¶SpØ AwK߃ AhcpsS ]cnjØv, _methZn {]h¿Ø\m \p`h߃ AhXcn ∏n®psIm≠v ]cnNbs∏SpØn. ]pXnb Imew ]pXnb _methZn F∂N¿®°v sI.sI.IrjvW Ipam¿t\XrXzw \¬In. _methZnIfpsSFÆ Ønepw {]h¿Ø\ØnepwIptd Imeßfmbn kw`hn®psIm≠ncn °p∂ Xncn®pt]m°ns‚ ImcW ßfpw ]cnlmc\n¿tZißfqw BgØn¬N¿®sNbvX Cuskj ≥kph¿ÆPq_nenbn te°v{]th in°p∂Hcp kwLS\bpsS Ip´nIƒ°nSbnep≈ {]h¿Ø \Øns‚ Znibpw coXnIfpw ImeØn\\pkrXambn ]cnjvIcn t°≠Xns‚ BhiyIXbnte °v hnc¬ Nq≠p∂Xmbncp∂p. _methZn kwLS\bpsS hnhn[ XeØnse IΩn‰nIfn¬ Ct∏mgpw Hcp {][m\ AP≠ BImØ Xns‚ tcmjhpw Bi¶bpw CXn¬ ]¶psh°s∏´p. _methZn IfqsS P\m[n]Xy hXvIcWw, Ip´nIsf t\XrXzw G¬]n°¬, C‚¿s\‰v t]mep≈ am[ya߃ ^e{]Zambn D]tbmKnt°≠ Xns‚BhiyIX,]pXnb ]mT]≤Xn°∏pdw t]mtI≠Xn s‚ {]k‡n F∂nhsb√mw Cu skj\n¬ N¿® sNbvXp. sshIp t∂cw h\whIp∏ns‚ C‚¿s{]t´ j≥ sk‚¿ kμ¿ in®v CSp°n Umans\°pdn®pw h\taJe sb°pdn®pw a\ nem°n. cm{Xn bn¬ h\whIp∏v Km¿Uv Bb t]mƒ At±lØns‚ h\kwc £W A\p`h߃ hniZoI-cn-®p. c≠mwZnhkw cmhnse apXD®hsc sNdqtXmWn Uman\Sq Øp≈ CSp°n h\taJebn{S°nßv \S∂p.k\¬, t]mƒ F∂o h\whIp∏ptZymKÿcpsS t\XrXzØn¬ aWn°qdqItfmfw h\]mXbneqsSk©cn®v h\ sØ

icn°pw A\p`hn°pIbpw BkzZn°pIbpw sNbvXp. aSßn h∂v ho≠pw _methZn N¿®bn te°v._methZnZ¿i\w, {]tbmKw F∂hnjbw B¿.cm[mIrjvW≥ AhXcn∏n®p. F√mhcpw CXn t\mSv {]XnIcn®p sIm≠v N¿® bn¬ ]s¶SpØp. BsIbp≈ Ip´nIfn ¬ Hmtcm]©mbØnepw F{X Ipd®p Ip´nIƒ am{XamWq \ΩpsS _methZn{]h¿ Ø\ ßfpsS KpW^e߃ A\p`hn °p∂Xv F∂v ]cntim [n°ptºm ƒ \man\nbpw Ht´sd apt∂dW sa∂v t_m[ys∏Spsa∂v At±lw kqNn∏n®p. FdWIpfwPn√bnse _methZn {]h¿ØI\mb\mb Fw.B¿.hnZym[c≥ SqXv{v _jpIƒ, t]\°qSpIƒ, do^n√dpIƒ F∂nh sIm≠p \n¿Ωn® hnhn[ cq]-߃ {]Z¿in-∏n-®p. sshIpt∂ cw sNdptXmWn Umw kμ¿in®p. aSßnh∂v Z {SqØv F_u´v ssStKgvkv F∂ tUmIypsa‚dn {]Z¿in∏n®p. XpS¿∂v aq∂m¿ Unhnj\nse t^mdÿ _jo¿ h\߃ \n¿hln°p∂ ]mcnÿn XnI [¿aßsf °pdn®v hniZamb ¢ms SpØp. IymºwK-ßfpsS \ne°mØkwib߃s°√mw At±lw adp]Sn \¬In. Nn∂m¿, ssh¬Uvs]cnbm¿ F∂o tUmIyp sa‚doIfpw XpS¿∂v {]Z¿in∏n®p. aq∂mwZnhkw cmhnse CSp°n B¿®v Umw kμ¿in®p. aqea‰ sØ kv t ^mS\tijw Uman te°p≈ {]thi\w \ntcm[n ®Xn\m¬ Umans‚ Hcp Zqc°mgvN am{Xta km[yambp≈q._me thZnbpsS `mhn{]h¿Ø\ßsf Ipdn®v I¨ho\¿AhXcn∏n® kqN\Iƒ ASnÿm\am°n 3 {Kq∏pIfmbnN¿®\SØn. ap≥ kwÿm\ sk{I´dn bpw Ct∏mƒ CSp°n Pn√ C≥^¿taj≥ Hm^o kdpamb ]n.Fkv. cmPtiJc≥ N¿®Iƒ t{ImUoIcn®p kwkm cn®p. ASpØ 3 amkØn \p≈nXpS¿{]h¿Ø\߃ F√m _me thZnIfnepw \SØm ≥ Xocpam\n ®psIm≠mWvIymºwK߃ ]ncn™Xv.H∏w_methZns°m cp ]pXnb \btcJbpw {]h¿Ø\ tcJbpw Xødm°m\p≈ {iaß ƒ°pw DS≥ Xs∂ XpS°anSpw. CSp°nPn√bnse kwLS\m {]h¿ØßfqsS im‡oIcW Øn\pw CuIymºvklmbIamIp sa∂mWv { ]Xo £ n°p∂Xv. Pn√m sk{I´dnsbIqSmsX \n¿hmlIkanXnbwKw Fkv.Pn. tKm]n\mYv, Pn√m {Sjd¿ cmPv I pam¿, IΩn‰n AwKßfmb A\nX, A\nXm tZhn, F’m {^m≥knkv,Pn√ _methZn I¨ho\¿ Fw.Sn. km_p,F∂nhcpw Iymºn s ‚ k w L m S \ Ø n \v t\XrXzw \¬In. {Inkvakv Ah[n°meØvkwÿm\ XeØn¬ Ip´nIƒ°m bn 3 ZnhksØ _ m t e m ’ h w kwLSn∏n°m≥ Xocp-am-\-ambn.

6 ]cnjZv hm¿Ø

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1˛15

`mj, kwkvImcw Unkw-_¿ 10\v tIm´-bØv \S-°p∂ `mjbpw kwkvIm-chpw inev]-im-e-bnN¿®-sN-øm-\p≈ IcSv Ipdn∏v 1956 se tIcf kwÿm\ cq]-hXv°c - W - Ø - n\v tijw XpS¿®-bmb c≠p ]Xn-‰m-≠p-Iƒ tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI taJ-eb - n¬ P\-Io-bamb hf¿® D≠m-Ip-∂Xv ImWmw. \nc-h[n A®Sn ime-Iƒ, kmlnXy {]h¿ØI kl- I - c W kwLw, imkv { X- k m- l nXy ]cn- j - Ø v , {KmaoW Iem-ka - n-Xn-Iƒ, hmb-\i - me-Iƒ, \mSI kwL-߃ XpS-ßn-bh-sb√mw cq]-s∏-Sp-∂Xv C°m-eØ - mWv. F∂m¬ kwkvIm-cs - a-∂Xv Iem, kmlnXy {]h¿Ø-\ß - f - n¬ am{Xw HXpßn \nev°p∂ H∂-√. AXv kaql-Øns‚ DXv]m-Z\ cq]-ß-tfmSpw cmjv{Sob {]_p-≤-X-tbmSpw _‘s∏´v \nev°p-∂p. Hc¿∞-Øn¬ kaql- Ø ns‚ s]mXp- t _m- [ - a mWv kwkvImcw F∂v ]d-bmw. Cu s]mXp- t _m- [ - a m- I s´ D]- c n- h ¿§ _p≤nPo-hn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS h¿§-XmXv ] - c y- ß - f psS ASn- ÿ m- \ - Ø nkrjvSn-s®-Sp-°p-∂X - p-am-Wv. tZiob kzmX-{¥y-{]m-]vXn°pw AsX-ØpS¿∂v `mjm-Sn-ÿm-\Ø - n¬ kwÿm\- ß - f psS cq]- h - X v ° - c - W - Ø n\pw XpS¿®-bmbn P\-ßf - n-emsI cmjv{S]p- \ ¿\n¿Ωm- W - Ø n\pw AXns‚ apt∂m- S n- b m- b p≈ kmº- Ø nI hf¿®bpw th≠n-bp≈ B{Klw XpSn®v \n∂n-cp-∂p. CXmWv 1950, 1960 Zi-I-ß-fpsS khn-ti-j-X. AXpsIm≠v kaq-l-Øns‚ samØ-Ønep≈ DXv°¿tj— s]mXp kaq-lØn-emsIbp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. H∂n®v \n∂m¬ \m´nse P\-߃°v F√mh¿°pw ]ptcm-KX - n-bp-≠mIpw F∂v [cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cß s\ P\ßsf H∂n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ LS-Iß-fmbn kmwkv Im-cnI cq]-߃ \ne-\n-∂p. `mj, thjw, Blm-cc - oXn, Iem-˛-km-ln-XymZn taJ-e-Iƒ F∂n-hs - b√mw CXns‚ hyXykvX CX-fp-If - m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Zf-ßsf cq]s∏-Sp-Øn-bX - n¬ kmap-ZmbnI \thm∞m-\-{]-ÿm-\-ßfpw sImtfm-Wnb¬ `c-W-Im-e-Øp-≠mb ]pXnb Bi-bß - fpw ]¶v hln-®n-´p-≠.v P\m[n-]X - y-tØ-°p-dn®pw atX-Xc - X - z-sØ°p-dn-®p-ap≈ Adn-hp-I-fmWv Cu ]pXnb Bi- b - ß ƒ. Ch- s b√mw tN¿∂mWv tIc-fob thj-tØm-Sp≈ A`n-\n-th-iw, ae-bm-f-tØm-Sp≈ kv t \lw, atX- X - c - X z- a q- e y- ß ƒ, A‘-hn-izm-k-߃ °v FXn-cmb ka-ct- _m-[w, Zcn-{Zs‚ Db¿® bv°v Bh-iy-amb {]h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ, kwLt_m-[w, bp‡n-Nn-¥, efnX PohnXw F∂n-hsb \ne-\n¿Øn-bX - v.

F∂m¬1960IfpsS ]IpXn- b nkmln-Xy-cw-KØv Nne ]pXnb {]hW-XI - ƒ {]Xy-£s - ∏-´p. apJy-ambpw kmln-Xy-Ønse B[p-\nI-X-bpsS cq]-Øn-em-WXv {]Xy-£s - ∏-Sp-∂X - v.

AkvXnXz Zp:Jw ab-°p-ac - p∂v D]tbm-Kw, kwL-t_m[ \ncm-Ic - W - w, Acm-PI - Xz {]Xn-jT v , F∂n-hs - b√mw kaq- l - Ø n¬ {]N- c n- ∏ n- ° - s ∏- ´ Xv CXns‚ ^e-am-bm-Wv. hmb-\sb

Kuc-h-ambn ImWp∂ kaq-lØns‚ t\Xr- X z- a mWv Cu kmlnXy {]ÿm- \ - Ø ns‚ BZysØ D]-t`m-‡m-°-fmbn amdn-bX - v. kzm`m-hn-Ia - mbpw kaql-Ønse A`n-{]mb cq]-h¬°cWw \S-Øp-∂h - c - n-tebv°v Cu ]pXnb Bi-bß - ƒ hfsc thKw {]N-cn-®p. 1975-˛77 Ime-ØmWv C¥y-bn-emsI ASn-b¥ - n-cm-hÿ {]Jym-]n-°-s∏-´-Xv. kzm`m-hn-Iambpw AXn-s\-Xn-cmb sNdpØv \nev ] v cq]- s ∏- ´ p. CSXv ] £ cmjv{SobØnse {][m\ i‡nI- f m- b n- c p∂p ASn- b - ¥ n- c m- h ÿbv°v FXn-cmbn cwKØv h∂Xv. Iayq-WnÃv ]m¿´n ]nf¿∂v cq]s∏´ Xo{h CSXv ]m¿´n-Ifpw ASnb- ¥ n- c m- h - ÿ bv ° v FXn- c mbn cwKØv h∂p. Htc kabw c≠v Bi-bK - X - n-Iƒ {]N-cn-°m≥ Cu ÿnXn hntijw Imc-W-am-bn.

H∂m-aXv ASn-b¥ - n-cm-hÿ - bv°pw `cWIqS `oI-c-Xbv°pw FXncmbn hnπ-h- ]£Øv \ne-v°p∂ Hcp Bi-bw. c≠m-aX - mbn B[p\nIXbn-eqsS cmjv{Sob t_m[Øn\v FXn- c mb Bi- b - ß ƒ krjvSn-°p∂ as‰mcp [mc. Cu c≠v [mc-If - p-tSbpw AWn-Ifpw ]n¥p-S¿®-°mcpw Htc Bfp-If - mbn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xv tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI cwK-Øp-≠mb Hcp sshcp-[y-am-Wv. Hcp hiØv IayqWn- k - Ø n¬ BIr- j v S - c mb kaqlw Xs∂ adp-hi - Øv B[p\n- I - X - b n¬ BIr- j v S - c m- b n. c≠n\pw Hmtcm Xc- Ø n- e p≈ Iem-]-Øns‚ kz`m-h-ap-≠m-bncp∂p sh∂- X mWv Ah- b nse s]mXp-L-S-Iw. ]s£ CXns‚ ^e-ambn Adp-]X - p-If - psS a[yw hsc \ne-\n∂ ]ptcm-Ka - \ - m-flI apJw tIc-f-Øns‚ kmwkvImcnI taJ-ebv°v \jvSw h∂p.

Acm-P-I-Xz-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\Øn¬ Db¿∂p h∂ B[p-\n-IXbv°v Hcp Xnc-b-Sn-®p-b-c-en\v tijw ]n∑SßmsX \nhr-Øn-bn√m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\ 1980 IfpsS XpS-°Ø - n¬ FØn-bt- ∏mƒ tIcf-Øns‚ kmwkvIm-cnI cwKw

Adp-]-Xp-I-fnepw Aº-Xp-I-fnepw DXv]m-Z\ cwK-Øp≠mb hf¿® kmwkvIm-cnI taJesb DW¿Øn-sb-¶nF¨]-Xp-I-fnse DXv]m-Z\ Xf¿® kmwkvIm-cnI taJ-e-tbbpw XI¿Øp iq\y-am-bn-°g- n-™n-cp-∂p. H∏w Acmjv{So-bX - b - p-sS- \mºp-Iƒ hf-cm\pw XpS-ßn. AtX ImeØv X-s∂-bmWv tIc-fØ - ns‚ DXv]m-Z\ taJ-eI - ƒ XI¿®-bn-tebv°v \oßn-Øp-Sß - n-bXv. Im¿jn-Ic - wKw tIh-ea - mb \jvSØn-tebv°v \oßn-Øp-Sß - n. C°meØv Xs∂ D¤hw sIm≠ ]mcnÿn-Xn-Im-h-t_m[w tIc-f-Øns‚ hymh- k m- b nI ]cn- a n- X - I - t fbpw shfns∏SpØn. XrXob DXv]m-Z\ taJ-eb - mb tkh-\t- a-Je - a - m-{X-amWv hf¿®-bpsS e£-Wß - ƒ ImWn-®Xv . ]t£ AXns‚ KpW- t a∑ Ipd™p hcp-∂X - mbn hne-bn-cp-Øs∏-´p.

C°m-eØv tkh-\t- a-Je apX-em-fn-ØØ - n\pw PmXn-aX i‡nIƒ°pw A\p-Iq-ea - mbn ]p\:-kw-LSn- ∏ n- ° p- h m≥ XpS- ß n. A¨ FbvUUv Cw•ojv aoUnbw hnZyme-bß - f - psS XpS°w ChnsS \n∂mWv. Cu XpS-°a - mWv ]n¬°m-eØv tIc-fØ - nse \nc-h[n kmwkv ImcnI {]iv\ß - ƒ°v XpS°w Ipdn-®Xv. ae-bm-fnsb H∂n-∏n-°p∂ kzXz e£-Wa - mb `mjsb \in-∏n-°p-∂Xn-\p≈ Hcp apJy-Im-cWw CXm-Wv. A¨ FbvUUv Cw•ojv aoUnbw hnZym- e - b - ß - f psS XpS¿®- b mWv kzm{ib tImtf- P p- I ƒ F∂v ImWmw. ae-bmfn kaq-l-Øns‚

as‰mcp kzXz-Nn-”-amb thjtØbpw \in-∏n-°p-∂X - n\v hnZym`ymk cwKsØ htcWy h¬°cWw Imc-W-am-bn. sXmÆq-dp-IfpsS XpS-°Ø - n¬ t]mepw a - p≠v DSpØv Iem-eb - ß - f - n¬ FØp-∂Xn-\p≈ Ah-Im-iß - ƒ°v th≠n hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw kmwkvIm-cnI \mb-I∑ - mcpw hmZn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nkvIqfn¬ bqWnt^mw \n¿_-‘am-°p-∂-Xns‚ `mK-ambn F√m tIc-fob thj-ßfpw kvIqfp-Ifn¬ \ntcm-[n-°-s∏-´p. Aßs\ tIc- f ob thj- Ø n¬ \n∂v XnI®pw A\y-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ Hcp kaq-la - mbn tIcfw amdn.

Adp-]-Xp-I-fnepw AºXp-I-fnepw DXv]m-Z\ cwK-Øp≠mb hf¿® kmwkvIm-cnI taJesb DW¿Øn-sb-¶n¬ F¨]-XpI- f nse DXv ] m- Z \ Xf¿® kmwkv I m- c nI taJ- e - t bbpw XI¿Øp F∂v CXn¬ \n∂v ImWm-hp-∂X - m-Wv. C°mew hsc tIc- f Øns‚ cmjv { Sob cwKhpw kmwkvIm-cnI cwKhpw tXmtfmSv tXmƒ tN¿∂mWv apt∂-dn-b-Xv. F∂m¬ F¨]-Xp-If - n¬ FØnb-t∏m-tgbv°pw cmjv{Snb cwKw PmXn-aX i‡n-Isf IqSp-Xe - mbn B{i-bn®p XpS-ßn. P\-ß-fpsS s]mXp- t _m[w krjv S n- ° m≥ D]bp-‡a - m-bn-cp∂ kmwkvIm-cnI D]m-[n-If - msI \n›-ea - m-°s - ∏-´p. kmlnXy {]h¿ØI kl-Ic - W kwLw \jvSØ - n-tebv°v hoWp. hmb-\i - m-eI - ƒ AS-®p-]q-´s - ∏-´p. {KmaoW Iem-ka - n-Xn-Iƒ \ne-®p. kmwkvIm-cnI cwKsØ hntI{μoIrX kwL-S\m cq]-am-bn-cp∂p Ch-sb-√mw. tI{μo-IrX A[n-Imc cq]-߃°v kmwkvIm-cnI taJebv°v ]ptcm-Ka - t- \m-∑p-Ja - mb Zni ImWn®p sImSp- ° m- \ m- h n- √ .

AXn\v hntI-{μo-IrX kwL-S\m cq]-ßf - mWv Bh-iyw. Cu kwLS-\m-cq]w F¨]-Xp-Iƒ Bb-t∏mtgbv°pw XI¿∂v t]mb-Xmbn ImWmw. Cu {]Xn- k - ‘ nsb apdn®v IS-°m≥ F¨]-Xp-If - psS HSp-hn¬ ]pXnb apt∂-‰ß - ƒ ]co£n-°s - ∏-´p. kºq¿Æ km£-cXm-b⁄w AØ-cØ - n¬ H∂m-bncp-∂p. BZy-L´- Ø - n¬ km£-cX - mb⁄w henb IpXn®p Nm´w D≠m-°n-sb-¶nepw sXmÆq-dp-If - psS- Xp-S° - Ø - n¬ D≠mb cmjv{Sob am‰- ß ƒ km£- c Xm {]ÿm\sØ XI¿Øp. sXmÆq-dp-If - psS c≠mw ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ P\-Io-bm-kq{XW {]ÿm-\w- C-Xns‚ XpS¿®bmb as‰mcp ]co-£W - a - m-bn-cp-∂p.

Hcp hiØv he-X] v £ - Ø - n-\\ - p-Iqe-ambn D≠mb cmjv{So-ba - m-‰hpw adp-hi - Øv CS-Xv]£ Xo{h-hm-ZØn\v D≠mb sNdnb tXmXnep≈ DW¿®bpw P\-Io-bm-kq-

{XW {]h¿Ø-\ß - sf B{I-an-®p.

BZy-L-´-Ønse {]Xo-£m-\n¿`-camb hf¿®bv°v tijw P\-Io-bmkq-{XW ]cn-]m-Snbpw AkvXa - n-®p.

P\-Io-bm-kq-{XW ]cn-]m-Sn-s°m∏w D≠mb ]pXnb ]mTy ]≤-Xn-bm-bncp∂p as‰mcp {]h¿Ø-\w. ]s£ XmXznI Xe-Øn-\-∏p-dØv tIcfØnse a[y-h¿§ kaq-l-Øns‚ a\- n- \ p- ≈ n¬ CSw ]nSn- ° m≥ ]pXnb ]mTy-]≤ - X - n-bv°m-bp-an-√.

Fgp-]X - p-If - nse B[p-\nI-Xb - psS hf¿® P\-km-am\ysØ hmb-\-bn¬ \n∂-I‰n. Ah-cpsS hmb\ Bh-iy-ßsf Xr]vXn-s∏-SpØn-bXv ss]¶nfn {]kn-≤o-Ic - W - ߃ F∂ t]cn¬ {]kn-≤-amb P\-{]nb hmcn-II - f - m-bn-cp-∂p. Chbm-Is´ apt∂m´v h®Xv D]-cn-πh - X-bpsS kmaq-ly-Z¿i-\m-bn-cp∂p.

H´pw Dƒ°-\-an-√mØ kmlnXy krjvSn-Iƒ, P\-ß-fn¬ henb emL-hXzw hcpØn h®p. P\-ßfpsS £p{Z-hm-k\ - sb DW¿Øm≥ ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂p Ah-sb-√mw.

F¨]-Xp-If - psS ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ Cu am[y-aß - ƒs°-Xncmbn Hcp sNdpØp-\nev] vDb¿∂v hcn-Ib - p-≠m-bn. ]s£ AXn\v henb Bbp p≠mbn- √ . ]s£ F∂m¬ t]mepw ss]¶nfn hmcn-I-Iƒ°v XpS¿∂v ]nSn®v \nev°m-\m-bn√. F¨]-XpI-fpsS c≠mw ]Ip-Xn-bn¬ t]m∏v tPm¨ t]mfns‚ tIcf kμ¿i\hpw aq∂mw-tem-I-cm-Py-ß-fn-tebv°p≈ {In°-‰ns‚ hym]-\hpw tIc-f-Øn¬ sSen-hn-j≥ hen-btXm-Xn¬ {]Ncn°m≥ Imc-Wa - m-bn. sXmÆq-dp-If - psS BZy-]I - p-Xn-bnXs∂ kzImcy sSen- h n- j ≥ Nm\epw XpSßn. ss]¶nfn t\mhep-Iƒ CXn-eqsS kocn-b¬ Bbn kwt{]- j Ww sNbv X v XpS- ß n. anan{In F∂ Iem-cq]w CXn-t\mSIw hym]-Ia - mbn {]N-cn-®p-Xp-Sß - n. anan{In A\p-Ic - W - s - a-∂X - n¬ \n∂v amdn lmky Iem-{]-I-S\w am{Xambn. A\p-I-c-Whpw lmkyhpw H∂n®v tN¿∂-t∏mƒ D]cn-πh - a - mb Iem- c q- ] - ß ƒ krjv S n- ° - s ∏- ´ p.

F√m A\p-I-c-W-߃°pw ]pdwtamSn am{Xta A\p-Ic - n-°m-\mhq.

Dƒ°mºv Hcn-°epw A\p-Ic - n-°m\m-hn-√t√m? tIc-fØ - nse anan{In Iem-Im-c∑ - mcmcpw kz¥-amb \rØtam, kwKo- X - t am, A`n- \ - b - a plq¿Ø-ßtfm krjvSn-°p-∂n-√. a‰p≈- h sc A\p- I - c n- ° pI am{Xw sNøp-∂p. sSen-hn-j\pw kn\n-abpw Cu A\p- I - c - W - Ø n- e mWv {i≤nbv ° p- ∂ - X v . AXp sIm≠v Xs∂ Kuc- h - a mb {]ta- b - ß ƒ ssIImcyw sNøm≥ Ahbv°v Ignbm-Xm-bn.

B[p- \ n- I X krjv S n® iq\yX DØ-cm-[p-\nI-Xb - ° v mWv hgn-am-dn-bXv. DØ-cm-[p-\nI-Xb - n--em-Is´ Hcp Xcw Imcy-Im-cW - _ - ‘ - hpw \ne-\nev°p-∂n-√. AXv ]pXnb kmln-Xy-

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1˛15 Ønepw kn\n-ab - nepw sSen-hn-j≥ ]cn-]m-Sn-If - nepw F√mw {]I-Sa - m-W.v ASn-b¥ - n-cm-hÿ s - b-Øp-S¿∂v Nne kmwkvIm-cnI apt∂-‰-߃ D≠m-bXv \mw ImWm-Xn-cp∂p IqS. ^nenw-¢∫ - p-Iƒ, en‰n¬ amK-kn\pIƒ XpS-ßn-bh CØ-cØ - n-ep-≈h-bm-Wv. ]s£ Ch-bv°pw B[p\n-IX - b - psS ]nSn-bn¬ \n∂v ]pdØv hcm≥ Ign-bmsX t]mbn. AXpsIm≠v Xs∂ DØ-cm-[p-\nI-XbpsS aqIX \nd™ iq\y-X-bntebv°v hgn-am-dm≥ Ahbpw hn[n°-s∏-´p.

CØ-cØ - n¬ A]-IS- I - c - a - mb Hcp ÿnXn-hn-tijw tIc-fØ - n\n∂-t∏m-gmWv ae-bmfn sNdp-∏°m¿ tPmen tXSn hntZ-i-ß-fntebv°v t]mbn-Øp-Sß - n-bX - v. CXv {]hm- k n- I ƒ F∂ ]pXnb h¿§sØ krjvSn-®p. {]hm-kn-∏W - °m¿ F∂ ]pXp-∏-W-°m-tcbpw krjvSn-®p. sXmÆq-dp-If - n¬ BtKmf-hXv°cWw XpS-ßn-bXv aqe-[\ i‡n-Iƒ°v A\p-Iq-ea - mb kmlNcyw krjvSn-®p. {]hm-kn-∏Ww ChnsS aqe-[\ - a - mbn amdn. ]pdsa \n∂v hntZi aqe-[-\hpw h∂p. c≠pw IqSn tN¿∂-t∏mƒ AXn-kº-∂c - mb Hcp hn`mKw krjvSn-°s∏-´p. sXmÆq-dp-If - n¬ Xs∂-bmWv cmjv{Sob cwKw henb Agn-a-XnIƒ°v km£yw hln-®X - pw. Cu Agn-a-Xn-bm-Is´ aqe-[-\-i-‡n-Itfbpw Ah-cpsS in¶n-Sn-I-tfbpw klm-bn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. CtXmsSm∏w kmt¶- X nIhnZybpsS hf¿® IqSn- b m- b - t ∏mƒ tIc- f Øn¬ i‡-amb Hcp a[y-h¿§w hf¿∂p h∂p. Ah¿°v ae-bm-fnbpsS kzXz-Nn-”ß - f - mb `mjbpw thjhpw Blm-cc - o-Xnbpw A\y-ambn-cp-∂p. AXv Ah-cn¬ A\y-hXv°-c-W-t_m[w krjvSn-®p. Cu A\y-h-Xv°-c-W-t_m[w hmkvXp imkv{Xw XpS-ßnb A‘-hn-izm-k߃ sIm≠v ad-®p- ]n-Sn-°m-\mWv Ah¿ {ian-®-Xv. aX-]p-\-cp-∞m-\Øn\pw A‘-hn-izm-k-߃°pw A\p-Iq-ea - mb kml-Ncyw CØcw A‘-hn-izm-k-ß-fpsS I®-h-S-hXv°c - W - Ø - n\v hgn-sbm-cp-°n. Kuch-am¿∂ kmwkvIm-cnI {]Xn-k‘n Bfp- I ƒ°v Hcp hnt\m- t Zm- ] m[nbpw C√m-Xm-°n-Øo¿Øp. Cu iq\y-Xb - n-te-bv°mWv aZyw IS-∂v h∂Xv . s]cpIn hcp∂ a[yh¿§hpw Ah-cpsS A\n-b-{¥n-Xamb Bkzm-Z-\-Xr-jvWbpw tN¿ ∂mWv s]¨hm-Wn-`ß - ƒ°v hgnsbm-cp-°n-bX - v. aZyhpw ssewKo-IXbpw BWv C∂v tIcf kaq-lØns‚ Cjv S hnt\m- Z - ß ƒ.

Cßs\ t\m°n- b m¬ tIcfw FØn-s∏´v \nev°p ∂ kmwkvImcnI {]Xn-k‘n Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ cq]- ß - f n- e mWv \ne- \ n- e v ° p- ∂ sX∂v ImWmw. 1.]c-º-cm-KX D¬]m-Z\ taJ-eIƒ XI¿∂p. CXv Ac-£n-Xmhÿ krjvSn-®p. CuAc-£n-Xmhÿ kmwk v I m- c nI taJ- e bnepw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.

2.]pXnb kmwkvIm-cnI \b-ßf - psS ]n≥_-et- ØmsS h∂ ]pXp-Xe - a - pd hnI- k \ cq]- ß ƒ a[y- h ¿§tØbpw AXn- k - º - ∂ - t cbpw krjvSn-°p-∂p. Ch-cmWv D]-t`m-Kmk‡n hf¿Øp- ∂ - X v . CXns‚ hnt\mZ cq]-ß-fmWv aZy-D-]-t`mKhpw hy`n-Nm-ch - pw.

3. imkv{X-tØbpw imkv{X-Øns‚

F¨]-Xp-If - n¬ FØnb-t∏m-tgbv°pw cmjv{Snb cwKw PmXn-aX i‡n-Isf IqSp-Xe - mbn B{i-bn®p XpS-ßn. inev]-im-e-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n® IcSv Ipdn∏v P\-ßf - psS s]mXp-t_m[w krjvSn- 1 . ]m¿∏nSw a\p-jys‚ ASn-ÿm\ ∂Xv t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I. Bh-iy-am-Wv˛ `£Ww, shffw Xt±-iob \n¿ΩmW {Zhy-߃ °m≥ D]bp‡ ]pdsa, hkv{Xw, hnZy-`ymkw, IqSq-Xe - mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I. BtcmKyw F∂nh t]mse. am-bn-cp∂ kmwkvImXmgv∂h - c - p-am-\° - m¿, CSØ-c° - m2. {]Xn-Iqe Imem-hÿ - b - n¬ \n∂v cnI D]m-[n-If - msI cn¬ Xmgv∂h - ¿ F∂n-hbv°v KpWkwc-£Ww \¬Ip-∂X - n\p ]pdsa \n-eh - m-ca - p≈ \n¿amW {Zhy ߃ ]m¿∏nSw, kmaq-ly-kp-c£ - n-XX - zhpw \n›-ea - m-°s - ∏-´p. anX-amb hnebv°v e`y-am-°p-hm≥ tªm°p-Iƒ tXmdpw \n¿ΩmW hmb-\i - m-eI - ƒ AS-®p- \¬Ip-∂p.

3. hoSv IpSpw- _ - P o- h n- X - Ø ns‚ {Zhy tÃmdp-Iƒ ÿm]n-°p-I. CXn]q-´s - ∏-´p. {KmaoW Iem- {][m\ LS-I-am-Wv. AXv kzIm- ∂mbn Hcp {]tXyI kl-I-c-WcyXbpw kz—-Xbpw D≈-Xm-bn-cn- ÿm-]\w XpS-ßp-I. k-an-Xn-Iƒ \ne-®p. °Ww 11. hep∏w kmwkvIm-cnI cwKsØ IpSqw-_mw-K-ß-fpsS {]tXyI F) henb hoSv hrØn-tIXmev]c - y-߃°pw, hnt\m-ZØ - n\pw hntI-{μoIrX kwLhoSv DX-IW - w. kzm`mh cq]o-Ic - W - - Smbpw, A‰-Ip-‰-∏-Wn-Iƒ \S-ØmS\m cq]-am-bn-cp∂p Ch- Øn¬ hoSv {][m\ ]¶v hln-°p- tXbpw CSp- I - b √ th≠- X v , sNdnbhoSpw \∂mbn ]cn-]m-en-°p∂p. sb-√mw.

I-bmWv th≠-Xv.

7

]m¿∏nS \bw

coXn-tbbpw \ncm-Ic- n-°pIbpw imkv{XØns‚ te_-en¬ F√m-hn[ Aimkv{Xo-bX - I - t- fbpw hmcn-∏p-Wc- p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

4.aX-NS- ß - p-Iƒ°v IqSp-X¬ {]m[m\yw In´p-∂p. AXn-cm{Xw t]mep≈ ]gb Bcm-[\ - m-co-Xn-Iƒ ]p\-cm-hn-j° v c- n-°s∏-Sp-∂p. Ah-tbmSv {]Xn-Ic - n-°m≥ kmwkv°m-cnI {]ÿm-\ß - ƒ hnapJX ImWn-°p-∂p.

5.\nb- a - e w- L - \ tam P\- h n- c p≤ {]h¿Ø-\ß - tfm \S-°p-∂Xv aX-hnizm-kh - p-ambn _‘-s∏-´m-sW-¶nAXn-t\mSv {]Xn-Ic - n-°m≥ cmjv{Sob t\Xr-Xzhpw \oXn-\ymb kwhn-[m\hpw aSn- Im-Wn-°p-∂p.

6.`mj XI¿∂v Ign-™p. [mcmfw ]pkvXI - ß - ƒ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°s - ∏-Sp-∂p≠v. ]s£ hmb\ Ipd-bp-∂p. hmb\-im-eI - ƒ \n›-ea - m-W.v ]s£ H‰s∏´ hy‡n- I - s f∂ \ne- b n]pkvXIw hmßp-∂h - c - psS FÆw IqSp-∂p-ap-≠.v hmb\bv°v kmaq-ly[¿aw C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p. `mj-bn-tebv°v [mcmfw ]pXnb ]Z-߃ hcp-∂p≠v. ]s£ XØp- e y- a mb ]Z- ß ƒ aebmf-Øn¬ C√m-ØXvsIm≠√ Ah IS∂v hcp-∂X - .v ]Icw \ne-hnep≈ ae-bmf ]Z-ßsf BtZiw sNbvXs v Im≠v BwK-e] - Z- ß - ƒ aebm-fØ - n¬ hcp-∂X - .v CXv `mj-bnse ]Z-kº - Øv h¿≤n-∏n-b° v p-Ib - √ Ipdbv ° p- I - b mWv sNøp- ∂ - X v . CXv `mjsb ho≠pw ho≠pw Zp¿_-ea- m°pw.

7.Ah-km-\a- mbn Hcp {][m\ Imcyw IqSn. tIc-fØ - nse sXmgn-enSß-sf√mw apX-em-fn-ØØ - ns‚ Bib {]N-mctWm- ] m- [ n- I - f m- W n- ∂ v. A¨ FbvUUv hnZym-e-b-߃, \£{X kuI-cy-ß-fp≈ BXp-cm-e-b-߃, SqdnÃv dntkm¿´p-Iƒ, dnbFtÃ-‰v taJ-e-Iƒ, sF. Sn. tI{μ߃, sFkv { Iow ]m¿e- d p- I ƒ F∂nh-sb√mw Ah-bm¬ Xs∂ D]- t `m- K - k w- k v I m- c - Ø n- t ‚bpw [mcm-fn-Ø-Øn-t‚bpw {]Nm-cW Nn”-ß-fmbn amdn-bn-´p-≠v.

Chsb Cu taJ- e - b n¬ t\cnSmsX kmwkvIm-cnI cwKØv am‰w hcp-ØpI km≤y-a√ - .

4. {]tbm-P\ - hpw ( function) kpc£n- X - X zhpw (stability and safety)kuμ-cyhpw, IqsS sNehpw ]cnKWn°-Ww. 5. hoSv ]m¿°m-\p-≈X - m-Wv, ImWm\p- ≈ - X √. ku- μ cyw F∂m_mly-tam-Sn-b-√. hnhn[ LS-IßfpsS eb-am-Wv. 6. {]IrXnbpambn CW-ßn-b-XmIWw hoSv , t]m°p- h - c - h pIƒ°pw(access and connectivity) kmaq-ly-_‘ - ß - ƒ°pw kuIcyw D≠m-IW - w.

7. ASn- ÿ m\ kuI- c y- ß - f mb sh≈w, shfn-®w, ipNnXzw F∂nh CW-ßn-bX - m-bn-cn-°Ww hoSv. 8A\p-\b - a - mb(flexible) Unssk≥ A`n-Im-ay-am-Wv. Ip´n-t®¿°m-\pw, Agn-®p-am-‰m\pw Ign-bW - w.

9. ]pc-bnSw F) ]pc sh°m-\p≈ CS-amWv tIc-fØ - nse {][m\ ]cn-anXn _n) `qan s]mXp-kz-Øm-°Ww DSa-k-Y≥ {SÃn am{Xw, ssIam‰w `q_m-¶n-eqsS am{Xw kn) H‰-Xn-cn™ _wKvfmhp amXrI ]p\-cm-tem-N\ - °p hnt[-ba - m-°s - ∏S-Ww. Un) apI-fn-te-b° v p-bc - p∂ _lp-hoSp-am-XrI t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-s∏SWw. `qan-bnse ]mZ-ap{Z (ground coverage), ap∂nepw ]n∂nepw hiß-fnepw Hgn-®n-Sp∂ ÿew F∂nh- b n¬ ho´p- h ogv N sNømsX FAR Iq´pI FARIqSq∂X\pk-cn®v ]mZ-ap{Z Ipd-bW - w.

C) `qanbpsS Dul-°® - h - Sw Hgnhm-°m≥ \nb-a\ - n¿amWw F^v) D]-{Kl A[n-hm-k-߃ (sattelite settlements) Bkq-{XWw sNø-Ww. Pn) ]mh-s∏-´h - ¿°v hoSp-sh-bv°m\p≈ `qan Kh¨sa‚ v Gs‰SpØp \¬I-Ww. 10 {Zhy-߃ F) \n¿ΩmW {Zhy-ßf - psS D]-tbmK-Øn¬ Imcy-£-aX Dd∏v hcpØp∂ Unssk≥ amXr-II - ƒ e`yam-°p-I. _n) s]mfn® ]gb sI´n-Sß - f - psS `mK-߃ ]p\-cp-]-tbmKw sNøp-

_n) Kh¨sa‚ v [\- k - l mbw \¬Ip∂ ]≤-Xn-Iƒ°v hoSns‚ hep∏w ¢n]vXs - ∏-Sp-ØpI .

G‰hpw sNdnb hoSn\v 20 ˛ 25m2 CS-Øcw hoSn\v 40˛ 100m2 .

150m2 ¬ IqSp-X¬ \ne ( floor ) hnkvXo¿Æ-ap≈hoSn\v Kh¨sa‚ v klmbw \¬Ip-∂Xv Ah-km-\n-∏n-°pI 12. hoSp-If - psS Bhiyw(demand ) tIc-fØ - n¬ ASpØ 5 h¿j-ØnBhiyw hoSn√mØ IpSp-_ß - ƒ : 0.6- e£w hmk-tbm-Ky-a-√mØ hoSp-Iƒ: 5.0 e£w 5 h¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Db-cp∂ ]pXnb Bhiyw BsI : 3.0 e£w BsI 8.6 e£w CXn¬kmº-Øn-Ia - mbn Xmgv∂h¿ : 4 e£w Xmgv∂ hcp-hm-\° - m¿ : 2.5 e£w DS-Øcw hcp-am-\° - mcpw: 1. 5 e£w kº-∂¿ : 0.6 e£w BsI 8.6 e£w CXn¬ kº-∂¿°pw CS-Ø-´ntate D≈- h ¿°pw k¿°m¿ klmbw Bh-iy-an-√. _m°n klmbw th≠ IpSpw-_-߃ 7 e£w hoSp- s h- b v ° m≥ ÿe- a n- √ mØ Xmgv∂h - c - p-am-\° - m¿ : 1.6 e£w 13. Kh¨sa‚ns‚ ]¶v F) G‰hpw Xmsg X´n-ep-≈h - ¿°v ( EWS) Hgn®v as‰mcp hn`m-KØn\pw Kh¨sa‚ v hoSp-] Wn-Xp sImSp°-cp-X,v ]Wn-bm≥ kmlmbw \¬Ip-Itb ]mSp-≈q. (Govt. only as a facilitator not as a provider ) _n. Xmsg X´nep- ≈ - h ¿°pw, Xmgv∂ \ne-°m¿°pw hoSp-]W - n-bp∂-Xn\v Xt±-ik - z-bw-`c - W - - ÿm]-\-߃ kl-I-c-W-_m-¶p-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh - tbm AXp-t]msebp≈ a‰v GP≥kn-Isftbm G¬∏n-°Ww. Ah¿°v ]n≥XpWbpw, k∫v knUnbpw \¬I-Ww.

hoSp ]Wn-Xp-\¬Ip∂ kwL-߃ GP≥kn-Iƒ F∂n-hc - psS {]b-X\ v Øn¬ k¿°m¿ XzcIw (catalist) Bbn-cn-°W - w.

Un) hnhn[ \n¿ΩmW GP≥kn-I sf kl-Ic - n-∏n-°Ww (cordinate) C) Xmsg X´n-ep≈h¿°pw, Xmgv∂ hcp-am-\° - m¿°pw \n¿Ωm-Wh - k - X v p°ƒ, amXr-Im-Un-ssk≥, KpW-\nb-{¥Ww F∂nh e`y-am-°W - w.

F^v) `q_m¶v, \n¿ΩmW {Zhy tÃm¿ F∂nh ÿm]n-°W - w.

Krl \n¿ΩmW \nb-aß - ƒ eLqI-cn-°W - w, ssek≥knwKv kpXmcy-am-°W - w, Ime-Xm-akw Hgn-hm-°W - w. sh≈w, sshZyp-Xn, hgn F∂nh Dd∏m-°W - w.

14. [\-kl - mbw F) [\-kl - mbw Xmsg X´nep-≈h¿°pam{Xw klm-bØ - ns‚ `qcn`m-Khpw {Zhy-ßf - m-bn-\¬IWw. 90%¬ IqSpX¬ [\-kl - mbw \¬I-cp-Xv.10% DS-aÿ s‚ A[zm-\am-IW - w. _n) Hmtcm ]©m-bØ - nepw [\k-lm-bØ - n-\¿l-cm-bh - c - psS ]´nI D≠m°n {]kn- ≤ - s ∏- S p- Ø Ww klmbw e`n- ® - h - c psS t]cv sh´Ww ]´nI sh_vssk-‰n-eqsS F√m-bn-SØpw e`y-am-°W - w. Hcmƒ ]e ta¬hn-em-kØ - n¬ klmbw tXSp-∂Xv Hgnhm-°m-\m-Wn-Xv. kn) [\-kl - m-bt- Øm-Sp-IqSn ]WnX-hoSv 5 hh¿j-tØbv°v ssIam‰w sNøm≥ ]mSn√ 15. sI´nSw ]Wn-°m-cpsS s{Sbn-\nKv F) hnZKv[ tPmen-°m¿°v ]cn-ioe\w \¬Im-\p≈ ÿm]-\-߃ tªm°p- t Xmdpw ÿm]n°p- I . hnZKv[ sXmgn-em-fn-Isf _m¶v D≠m°n , tkh\w e`y-am-°pI. _n) sXmgn¬ ta≥a hcp-Øp-hm≥ (skill upgradation) Pn√-tXmdpw ¢n\n-°p-Iƒ ÿm]n-°pI . kn) \n¿anXn tI{μ-ßsf i‡n-s∏Sp-Øp-I. 16. {]o^m-{_n-^n-t°-j≥ KpW-\n-eh - mcw Dd-∏p-hc - p-Øp-am\pw, amt\-Pvsa≥dv Imcy-£-a-am°m\pw hyh- k m- b n- I m- S n- ÿ m- \ Øn¬ Krl- \ n¿ΩmW LS- I ߃ \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\v ^mIvS-dnIƒ Bcw-`n-°m≥ tIm¿∏-td-j≥ D≠m°n {]h¿Øn-°p-I. _n) {]n^m_v LS-I-߃ D]-tbmKn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Wn-°m¿°v ]cnio-e\w \¬Ip-I. {]n^m_v LS- I - ß fpsS D]tbmKw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I. 17. Kth-jWw dq¿°nbnse building research institute amXr- I - b n¬ Kerala buildg Res. Inst. ÿm]n-°p-I. tijw 8˛mw t]Pn¬ 5˛mw tImfw

8 ]cnjZv hm¿Ø

Regd No of Newspaper KERMAL/2001/10969 Regd No. KL/CT/53/2009-11 Licence to post without pre-payment at RMS Calicut. L No. KL/PMG/NR/WPP/6/KKD/09-11

2011 Unkw-_¿ 1˛15

sI. hn cmL-h≥ \ºym¿ (]cn-jØ - ns‚ ap≥\nc {]h¿Ø-Ic - n-sem-cm-fm-bn-cp∂ sI. hn. cmL-h≥ \ºym¿ acn-®n´v 30 h¿jw ]q¿Ønbm-hpI-bmWv. Cu kμ¿`-Øn¬ At±-lsØ A\p-kvac - n-°p-Ib - mWv kplrØpw kl {]h¿Ø-I\ - p-sam-s°bm-bn-cp∂ Iqthcn am[-h≥ amÿ)

Fgp-]X - p-If - n¬ A≤ym-]\-Øn\p \qX-\-am¿§-߃ At\zjn®p sIm≠n-cp∂ amXr-Im-≤ym]-I\ - mb sI.-hn. cmL-h≥ \ºym¿ bpdo- ° - b n- e q- s S- b mWv tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØv F∂ P\-Iob imkv{X-{]-ÿm-\-tØm-SSp- Ø Xpw 1979 ¬ AXns‚ kwÿm\ P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn ]Zhn-hsc Db¿∂Xpw. Hcp ss{]adn A≤ym-]-I≥, _ncp-Zhpw _ncp-Zm\- ¥ c _ncp- Z - h p- s am- s °- b p≈ imkv{X⁄ Kth-j-I¿ Dƒs∏Sp∂ Hcp kwL-S-\-bpsS Xe-∏sØ-ØpI F∂Xp Ffp-∏-ap≈ Imcy-a-√-t√m.

Xfn- ∏ - d - º n- \ - S p- Ø p≈ Iogm-‰q-cn¬ 1940-˛-G-{]n¬ 1 \p ]Sn™m-d-°c tKmhn-μ≥ \ºym-cpsSbpw sI.hn ]m¿Δ- X n- b - Ω - b psSbpw aq∂m- a sØ ]p{X- \ mbn sI.-hn.-cm-L-h≥ \ºym¿ P\n-®p.

A≤ym-]I-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ \√ AwKo-Im-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ tKmhnμ≥ \ºym¿ kvIqfn¬ am{X-a√ kv I qfn\p ]pdØv \m´n- e m- s IØs∂ BZ-chv t\Sn-sb-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. D®- s bm- g nhp ka- b - Ø pt]mepw Ip´n-Isf hnfn®p Iq´n ]pcm-W-I-Y-Ifpw a‰pw ]d™p kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p∂ amjv \m´na≤yÿw ]d™pw bphm-°sf tIm¬°fn ]Tn-∏n®pw P\-lr-Z-bß-fn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p. At±l- Ø ns‚ Cu KpW- ß - s f√mw aI\pw ss]Xr-Ia - mbn e`n-®n-cp∂p F∂p thWw Icp-Xm≥. imkv{Xw {]h¿Ø-\a - mWv F∂v ]pkvXI - ° - h-dn¬ A®-Sn-°p-Ibpw Ip´n-I-sfs°m≠p F√mw a\: ]mT-am-°n-°pIbpw sNøp∂ ImeØv kvIqfnimkv{X-aqe G¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw Ahn-sS-bp≈ tiJ-c-W-ß-fn-eqsS Ip´n- I - f n¬ imkv { Xm- ` n- c p- N n- b p≠m°pIbpw sNøm-\p-≈ sI.-hn.bm-dns‚ {iaw F≥.--kn.C.-B¿.Sn t]mepw AwKo- I - c n- ® - X m- W v. kb≥kv tIm¿W¿ {]h¿Ø\w kw_-‘n® Hcp Kth-jW {]_‘-Øn\p F≥.-kn.-C.-B¿.Sn bpsS A≤ym-]-I¿°p≈ AJn-te¥ym Ahm¿Uv At±- l - Ø n\p e`n°pIbp-≠m-bn.

1982¬ ]cn- j - Ø ns‚ at©cn ktΩ-f-\-Øn-emWv hnZym`ym-k-tcJ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn AhX-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-sX-¶nepw AXn-s\m∂c ]Xn-‰m≠v apsº-¶nepw hnZym-

`ym-kc - w-KsØ Aim-kv{Xo-bX - I - ƒ amt‰≠ Imcy-Øn¬ ]cn-j-Ønse A≤ym-]-Icpw hnZym-`ym-k-t{]-anIfpw A`n-{]m-ssbIyw ]pe¿Ønbn- c p- ∂ p. ]Ømw- X cw s]mXp ]co£bn¬ a’-cn-°p-∂ 5 e£w Ip´n-Ifn¬ 2 1/2 e£sØ Acn-∏sh®p H∂n\pw sIm≈m-Øh - s - c∂v ap{Z- I p- Ø p-- ∂ , bph- X - b psS ssNX\yw \in-∏n-°p-∂, {]mIrX ]cn-]m-Snsb F√m-hcpw D≈mse shdp-Øp. A≤ym-]\w AXn-a-[p-cam-°m\pw ]T\w ]m¬]m-b-k-am°m\pw Bflm¿∞-Xb - p≈ A≤ym]-I¿ hgn Is≠-Øn. sI. hn.-bmdns‚ imkv{Xo-b-amb A≤ym-]\ At\z-j-W-Øns‚ ^ew Xs∂bmbncp∂p Cu Ahm¿Upw. 1979 ¬ U¬ln-bn¬ sh®p C¥ym-bqWn- b ≥ sshkv{]- k n- U - ≠ n\n∂p {]i-kvXn-]-{Xhpw 500 cq] Iymjv ss{]kpw e`n-®Xv At±-lØn\pw At±-l-Øns‚ kplr-Øp°ƒ°pw Gsd A`n- a m- \ hpw BÀm-Zhpw ]I¿∂ kwK-Xn-bm-bncp-∂p.

Xfn- ∏ - d ºv F.- b p.- ] n. kvIqfn- s ebpw aqtØ- S Øv sslkvIq-fn-sebpw ]T-\-Øn-\ptijw IÆq¿ s{Sbn- \ nwKv kvIqfn¬ A[ym-]I ]cn-io-e\w Ign™p Xm≥ ]Tn®, IpSpw_w hI Xs∂-bp≈ Xfn-∏-dºv F.-bp.]n.- k v I q- f n¬ 1959 ¬ cmL- h ≥ \ºym¿ A≤ym- ] - I - \ mbn h∂tXmsS kvIqfnepw Np‰p-]m-Sp-sa√mw \h-ssN-X\yw e`n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. ]mTy-˛-]m-tTy-Xc {]h¿Ø-\ß- f n- s e√mw tIhn- b m¿ Gsd Xmev ] cyw ImWn- ® p. \s√mcp kv I u´v amÿ, tlmwKm¿UpIƒ°v ]cn- i o- e \w \¬Ip∂ πm‰q¨ k¿÷‚ v F∂o \ne-I-fnsems° {]h¿Øn®p sIm≠n-cp∂ cmL-h≥ \ºym-cpsS kμ¿t`m-NnX- a mb CS- s ]- S ¬ Imc- W - a mWv Xs‚ aIs\ C∂pw ImWm≥ Ignbp-∂s - X∂p Ct∏mƒ ssk\n-It- kh\w sNøp∂ sI. Fw. Zmtam-Zcs‚ AΩ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p. H∂mw ¢m n¬ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Iogm-‰q¿ tXm´n¬ apßn ImWm-Xmb aIs\ c£-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv amÃ-dm-bn-cp-∂s{X. \m´n¬ sshZypXn e`n-°p-∂Xn-\m-bmepw a‰p s]mXp {]h¿Ø\-Øn-\m-bmepw Cd-ßn-Øn-cn-°p∂ tIhn-bm¿ Iogm-‰q¿Im¿°p {]nb¶-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. A≤ym-]-\-ØnanI-hp-t\-Sm≥ IqSn-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww,X-\n°p ]‰nb Hcp If-cn-bmbn At±lw Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv tIc-fim-kv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØ - n-s\-bmbn-cp-∂p. GI-tZiw Hcp Zi-h¿j°mew At±lw Atlm-cm{Xw ]cnj-Øn-\p-th≠n {]h¿Øn®p. Xs‚ kwL- S - \ m- ] m- S hw koa- b - ‰ - X msW∂p {]h¿Ø-\ß - f - n-eqsS sXfnbn-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\p A[n-I\mƒ th≠n-h∂ - n-√. At±-lØ - nse \√ Fgp- Ø p- I m- c ≥ ad- \ o°n cwKØp h∂p. {]kw-K-I≥, KmbI≥ F∂o \ne-I-fn-se√mw {]tim`n-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\p Ign™p.

IhnXm cN-\b - nepw At±lw Xs‚

ssh`hw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn. B\ Xn∂ Ip´n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]{Xhm¿Øsb Ah- e w- _ - a m°n imkv{X tIc-f-Øns‚ 1978 se hm¿jn-I-∏-Xn-∏n¬ {]kn-≤o-Icn® ""Rmt\m ]m]o?'' F∂ IhnX hmbn- ® n- ´ p- ≈ - h - c p- s Ssbms° a\- n¬ Xßn \n¬°p∂p. _lp-apJ {]Xn-`-bm-bn-cp∂p cmL-h≥ \ºym¿. ]cn- j - Ø ns‚ Hcp km[m-cW AwK-sa-∂-\n-e-bn\n∂p Pn√m sk{I-´dn ÿm\sØ-Øm≥ Imew Gsd-sbm∂pw ImØn-cn-t°-≠n-h-∂n√ At±-lØn-\p. IÆq¿ Pn√-bn¬ ]cnjØv Icp-Øm¿÷n-°p-∂-Xn\p klm- b - I - c - a mb H´p- h - f sc {]h¿Ø-\-߃ ImgvN-sh-°m≥ A°m-eØv At±-l-Øn\p Ign™p. XpS¿∂p {Kma-im-kv{X-kan-Xn-bpsS kwÿm\ I¨ho-\dmbn sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. {Kmaim-kv{X-k-anXn°v ASp°pw Nn´bp- a p≈ Hcp kwL- S - \ - b psS cq]hpw `mhhpw ssIhcp-Øm≥ P\-d¬ I¨ho-\¿ AXy-≤zm\w sNøp- I - b p- ≠ m- b n. sXm´- S pØ h¿jw Xs∂ ]cn-j-Øns‚ P\d¬ sk{I-´dnbmbn sXc-s™-Sp°-s∏´p. 1979 s^{_p-h-cn-bnsXmSp- ] p- g - b n¬ \S∂ 16- ˛ mw hm¿jnI ktΩ- f - \ - Ø n- sh®mWv s{]m^. hn.-sI. ZmtamZ- c ≥ {]kn- U - ≠ mbpw sI.- h n. cmL-h≥ \ºym¿ P\-d¬ sk{I´-dn-bmbpw sXc-s™-Sp-°s - ∏-´X - v. {Kma-im-kv{X-k-anXn kwÿm\ {]h¿Ø-I-Iymºv Xriq¿ ]q¶p∂Øv sh®p \S-∂Xpw kb≥kv kvIow ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS BZy]-Xn∏v {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xpw tI{μ Kh: \ntbm-Kn® Fw. Fkv kzman\m-Ys‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ ]T\ kwLw sske‚ v hmen kμ¿in®p ]cn-jØv {]Xn-\n-[nI- f p- a mbn N¿® \S- Ø n- b Xpw A°m-esØ {][m\ kw`-h-ßfm-Wv. F∂m¬ P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn F∂ \ne-bn¬ t\XrXzw Gs‰SpØp A[nIw Ign-bp-∂-Xn\p apºp-Xs∂ At±lw Iym≥k¿ _m[n®p InS- ∏ n- e mbn.

XSp¿∂p≈ Hcp h¿jw ]cn-jØns‚ sshkv {]kn-U-≠p-amcn¬ Hcm- f m- b n. AXn- \ p- t i- j amWv {Kma-im-kv{X-Øns‚ ]{Xm[n-]Xyw Gs‰-Sp-Ø-Xv. tIhew F´p-am-k° - m-et- Øm-fta At±-lØn\p {]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ign-™p≈q. ]cn-j-Øns‚ hf¿®-bn{Kma-im-kv{X-Øn\p hfsc henb Hcp ]¶v \n¿Δ-ln-°m≥ Ign-bpsa∂v ASn-bp-d® hnizmkw At±l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Iq- t hcnbn¬ {Kmaimkv { X kan- X n- c q- ] o- I - c n®p {]h¿Øn®p XpS- ß n- b Rm≥ kwÿm\ {Kma-im-kv{X-k-anXn tPm. I¨ho\¿, I¨ho\¿, Hu]-Nm-cnI hnZym-`ymk kan-XnI¨ho-\¿ kwÿm\ sk{I-´dn F∂o kwÿm\ Npa-X-e-Iƒ hln-®-Xn\p tij-amWv IÆq¿

Pn√m sk{I´dnbpw {]kn-U-≠pambn {]h¿Øn- ® - X v . 8 h¿jw tIhnbmtdm- s Sm∏w kwÿm\ IΩ-‰n-bn¬ {]h¿Øn® A\p-`hw ]d-™m¬ tUm. Fw. ]n. ]c-taiz-cs‚ `mj-bn¬ Rß-sf√mw ]cn-jØv aq´ ISn®p ]cn-jØv ]\n h∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

1977 HIvtSm-_¿ 2 apX\hw-_¿ 7 hsc-bp≈ 37 Znh-kß- f n- e mbn imkv { Xw kmaqly hnπ-h-Øn-\v, tIc-fsØ hyh-kmb-h¬°-cn-°p-I, `c-Whpw ]T\hpw ae-bm-fØ - n-em-°p-I, \nc-£cX \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNøpI XpSßnb ap{Zm- h m- I y- ß - f p- a mbn Iqthcn apX¬ ]qh-®¬ hsc \SØnb imkv{X-kmw-kvIm-cnI PmYbnse sI.- h n. cmL- h ≥ \ºymcpsS km∂n-≤yhpw {]`m-jWhpw FSpØp ]d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØv kwÿm-\-I-Ω-‰n-bnP\- d ¬ sk{I- ´ dn cmL- h ≥ \ºymtcmsSm∏w kwÿm\ {Kmaim- k v { X- k - a nXn I¨ho- \ - d mbn Rm\p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. imkv{Xw P\-ß-fn-se-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠n kwÿm-\-°-Ω‰n Xocp-am-\-a-\p-kcn®p R߃ c≠p-t]cpw iº-f-an√mØ Ah-[n-bn¬ {]th-in-°pIbpw kwÿm-\Øv {Kma imkv{Xk- a n- X n- I ƒ cq]o- I - c n- ° p∂ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-I-bp-ambn-cp-∂p. kwÿm\ IΩ-‰n-bn¬ 8 h¿jw At±- l - t Øm- s Sm∏w {]h¿Øn® F\n°v At±- l Øns‚ ]mcn- j - Ø n- I - X - s b- ∏ ‰n F{X-tbm ]d-bm\p≠v. ]cn- j - Ø ns‚ P\- d sk{I- ´ - d n- b m- b n- c p∂ Ime- Ø pXs∂ hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Im≥k¿ amc- I amw hn[w At±- l sØ {Kkn®p Ign-™n-cp-∂p. cmL-h≥ \ºym¿°v BZyw tImgn-t°mSpw ]n∂oSv Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØpw e`n®Xv C¥y-bn¬ A∂v e`y-amb G‰hpw \√ NnIn-’-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tkh-\-\n-c-X-cmb tUmIvS¿amcpw ]cn-jØv {]h¿Ø-Icpw At±-lØns‚ Poh-\p-th≠n sNøm-hp-∂sX√mw sNbvXp. At±-lsØ 1981 \hw_¿ 9 \p Xnc-ph-\-¥-]pcw saUn°¬ tImtfPv Bip-]-{Xn-bnsh®p I≠-t∏mƒ At±lw ]d™Xv ""F√mw amdn-bn´p am{Xta Rm\n- h nSw hnSp- ∂ p≈q thKw hcm≥ Ignbpw'' F∂m-Wv. tIhnbm¿ Ft∂mSv Ah-km\w ]d™ hm°p-I-fm-W-h. ]n∂oSv F\n°v ]cn-jØn¬ \n∂p In´p∂ hm¿Ø At±l-Øns‚ arX-i-cocw IÆq¿ ]cnjØv `h-\n¬ 1981 Unkw-_¿ 14 \p cm{Xn 12 aWn-tbmsS FØpw F∂m-Wv. Adn-bn-°m-hp-∂-h-scsbms° Adn- b n®p. hml- \ - h pambn Iogm-‰q¿ tPymXn- n-te°p k©-cn-°p-tºmƒ a\- p-\n-d-sb, im¥-sa-¶nepw A`n-{]mb Zm¿Vyw kv^pcn-°p∂ B i_vZw, Dujvaf- a mb B kulr- Z - ` m- h w, Bscbpw BI¿jn- ® n- c p∂ B

hn\-bw, a\w-Ip-fn¿∏n-°p∂ B \dp-]p-©ncn k¿tΔm-]cn At±-lØns‚ kwL- S \m ssh`- h w, Bflm¿∞X F∂n-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

Xfn-∏d - ºv F. bp.-]n.-kvIqfn¬ Xs‚ kl-{]-h¿Ø-I-bmb ]fln\n So®¿ kl- [ ¿ΩnWn F∂ \ne-bn¬ kvIqƒ {]h¿Ø\-Ønepw ]cn-jØv {]h¿Ø-\Ønepw tIhn-bm-tdm-sSm∏w Ft∏mgp- a p- ≠ m- b n- c p- ∂ p. Pb- N - { μ\pw tPymXn- b p- a m- W v , a°ƒ. Ah¿ hnhm-ln-X-cmbn kpJ-ambn Ign-bp∂p. Xs‚ I¿Ω- s sN- X \yw sIm≠v ]cn-jØ - ns‚ hf¿®-bpsS \mƒh- g n- I - f n¬ CSw- t \- S nb kv t \tlm- Z m- c - \ mb B kplrØns‚ Zo]vX- k va- c - W bv°p apºn¬ BZ-cm-RvPen-Iƒ A¿∏n°p-∂p.

7˛mw t]Pn¬\n∂v XpS¿® 18. sI´n-S\ - n-IpXn 200 hoSp-Iƒ°v H‰-Øh - W \nIpXn G¿s∏-Sp-ØpI. hnkvXo¿Æw IqSpt¥mdpw \nIpXn \nc°v h¿≤n-∏n°p-I. _lp-\ne A∏m¿´vsa‚ v hoSp-Iƒ, shffw, sshZyp-Xn, amen\yw, hml\-Øn-c°v F∂n-hb - n-ep≈ kΩ¿Zw IqSp-∂-Xn-\m¬ 3¬ IqSp-Xep≈ Hmtcm \nebv ° pw floor tax hm¿jnI \IpXnG¿s∏-Sp-ØpI kn) BUw-_c \n¿ΩmW hkvXp°ƒ°v BUw-_c \nIpXn NpaØp-I. [\m-Ka am¿§w F) 17¬ ImWn® \nIp-Xn-Iƒ _n) ]pXnb hnI-k\ - ß - ƒ hcp∂ {]tZ-isØ `qan {Ib-hn-{Ibw sNøs∏-Sp-tºmƒ Ahbv°v hnI-k\ \nIpXn (development tax) G¿s∏Sp-ØpI . CXv hnI-k\w aqe-ap-≠mIp∂ hne-°-b-‰-Øns‚ 30-˛40% BIp-∂p. sI´nSw ]Wn-bp∂ kvt]kn\v hne \n›-bn-°p-I. apI-fn-te°v 12 ao‰dpw, Xmtgbv°v 5ao‰dpw `qanbpsS Xd-hn-eb - psS `mKw _m°n-ap-I-fn-te°pw, Xmtg°pw D≈ kvt]kn\v hne(`qan-bpsS Xdhn-eb - psS iX-am-\a - mbn)\n-›b - n®v Aßns\ In´p∂ ]Ww Xt±-i-`cW ÿm]-\ß - fpw Kh¨sa‚pw \n›nX A\p-]m-XØ - n¬ FSp-°p-I. 19. kvt]m¨k¿ jn∏v 300m2 IqSp- X - e p≈ bqWn- ‰ p- I fSßp∂ A∏m¿´p-sa‚ v kap-®b - ߃ ]Wn-bp-∂h - ¿ \n¿Ωm-Ws - N-ehns‚ 5% Kh. ]m¿∏nS ^≠n-te°v kv t ]m¨k¿ jn∏v XpI- b mbn \¬I-Ws - a∂v \n_-‘\ - s - h-bv°pI. \ne-hn-ep≈ F√m k¿°m¿, A¿≤k¿°m¿ ]m¿∏nS klm-b] - ≤ - X - nIfpw H∂n®p sIm≠p-h∂ ^≠v \oXn- b p- ‡ - a mbn D]- t bm- K n- ° pI._m¶v, F¬.sF.kn. F∂nh hoSp]-Wn°v ]Ww \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ hyh-ÿI - ƒ kc-fa - m-°p-I

Edited, Printed & Published by T.P.Sreesankar, Parishad Bhavan, Kozhikode-673002 for Kerala Sastrasahitya Parishad, Kozhikode-673002, Printed at Kamala Printers, Oyitty Road, Kozhikode-673001, and Published at Parishad Bhavan, Chalappuram, Kozhikode - 673002, Phone : 0495-2701919, Fax - 0495-2304780, e-mail:parishadvartha@gmail.com