1 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
hmfyw 13 e°w 17 H‰{]Xn 2.50 cq] hm¿jnI hcnkwJy 50 cq]
imkv{Xw kmaqly hnπ-hØ n\v 2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1˛15 Q Q
tIcf imkv{Xkmln-Xy- ]-cn-jØv {]kn-≤o-Ic- Ww
parishadvartha@gmail.com
IW-°d- nhv {]Im-i\w sNbvXp
HIvtSm-_¿ 12, 13, 14 Xob-Xn-If- n¬ IS-º\mSv tUm.-Pb - Xn tLmjv DZvLm-S\w sNøpw
kn.-]n. \mcm-bW - ≥ Fw.-]n.
]Ø-\w-Xn´ Pn√ Hcpßn Cu
h¿- j - s Ø kwÿm\ {]-h¿-ØI Iym-ºn-\v B- X n- Y y- a - c p- f m≥ ]- Ø - \ wXn´ Pn√-bn-se A-Sq¿ IS-º\m-Sv H-cp-°-߃ ]q¿-Øn-bmbn. H-IvtSm-_¿ am-kw 12,13,14 Xob-Xn-I-fn-em-Wv Iym-ºv \S°pI. {]-ik - vX kmº-ØnI hnZ-Kv[-bpw Z¬-ln Ph-l¿em¬ s\-lvdp bq-\n-th-gvkn‰n- b n- s e s{]m^- k - d p- a mb tUm. P-b-Xn-tLm-jv D-ZvLmS- \ w sN- ø pw. A≥- ] - X mw hm¿-jn-I-Øn¬ \n›-bn-°s∏´ {]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-sS XpS¿-®-bpw h-f¿®-bp-am-Wv {]h¿-ØI Iym-ºn¬ e-£y-anSp-∂-Xv. hnI-k-\w, hn-Zym-`ymkw, ]-cn-ÿn-Xn hn-jb taJe-I-fn-¬ ]-cn-j-Øv h-f¿-Ønsb-SpØ I¿Ω ]-cn-]m-Sn-If - psS ka-Im-eo\ {]k-‡n-bpw Xp- S ¿- h n- I m- k - h pw kw_‘n® N¿®-If - pw \S-°pw. aq∂mw-Zn-h-kw \n-tbm-en-_-d¬ A- [ n- \ n- t h- i - Ø n- s ‚ kmwkv I m- c nI am\- ß ƒ F∂ hnj- b - Ø n¬ tUm. kp\n¬.]n.Cf-bn-Sw {]-`m-j-Ww \-S-Øpw. F-√m Pn√-I-fn¬ \n-∂p-am-bn ap-∂q-tdm-fw {]-
im-kv{X hn-Zym-`ym-kw t\Sp- ∂ - h ¿ G- d n- s b- ¶ n- e pw tIc-fk - a - q-lØ - n¬ A‘hn-izm-k-߃-°pw A-\mNm-c-߃-°p-ap≈ kzm-[o\w Ipd-™n-´n-s√-∂pw imkv{X-t_m-[-hpw bp-‡n-Nn¥- b pw h- f ¿- Ø p- ∂ - X n- \ v Iq-´mb {]-h¿Ø-\-߃ Bh-iy-am-sW-∂pw kn.-IrjvW≥.-Fw.-F¬.F A-`n{]m-b-s∏-´p. sF-tkm¨ [qa-tI-Xphn-s‚ hc-hp-am-bn _‘s∏-Sp-Øn \S-Øp∂ hn-]pe-amb im-kv{X {]N-c-WØn-s‚ {]m-[m-\yw G-tdbm-sW-∂pw A-t±-lw ]d™p. tI-cf im-kv{X-kmln-Xy ]-cn-jØ - v ]ø-∂q¿ hm\- \ n- c o- £ W tI- { μØn¬ \-SØ - nb kw-ÿm\-Xe ]-cn-io-e-\w D-ZvLmS-\w sN-bvXp kw-km-cn-°pI-bm-bn-cp-∂p At±-lw. C¥y-bn-se a-‰p kw-ÿm-\-
]cn-jZv hm¿Øm-]{XØns‚ {]Im-i\w tUm. F≥.-sI. iin-[c - ≥]n≈ \n¿h-ln-°p∂p
Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ Iym-ºn¬ ]-s¶Sp-°pw. km-aq-ly {]-ÿm-\ß-fp-sS-bpw, t{S-Uv bq-Wnb≥ A- [ ym- ] I k¿- h o- k v kwL-S-\-I-fp-sS-bpw t\-Xm°ƒ Dƒ-∏-sS hn-]p-e-amb kzmK-X-kw-L-am-Wv Iym-ºpam-bn _-‘s - ∏´ {]-h¿-Ø\߃-°v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-Ip-∂Xv. hn- a ¿i- \ - ß - f p- ∂ bn-®pw, {]m-tbm-KnI _Z-epIƒ \n¿-t±-in-®pw \q-X\ am-
Xr- I - I ƒ B- h n- j v I - c n- ® pw tIc- f - Ø n- s e km- a q- l y kmº-ØnI cw-K-Øv tI-cf im-kv{X-km-ln-Xy ]-cn-j-Øv {]-h¿-Ø\ \nc-X-am-bn-´v Aº-Xv h¿-jw I-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p. im-kv{X-t_m-[w, ]-cnÿn-Xn, B-tcm-Kyw, hn-Zym-`ymkw, Du¿- P w, km£- c - X , hnI-k-\w, kv{Xo-im-‡o-I-cWw XpS-ßnb {]-iv\-ta-J-eI-fn¬ ]-cn-j-Øv \-S-Ønb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ km-aq-ly ]p-
kn.- Ir-jW v ≥ Fw.-F¬.F
tcm-K-Xn-bpw, k-a-Xz t_m[hpw, a-tX-Xc aq-ey-ß-fpw Db¿-Øn-∏n-Sn-°m≥ tIc-fo-bsc G-sd k-lm-bn-®n-´p-≠v. F-¶n-epw au-en-I-amb am-‰ßƒ h-cp-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw, kmaq- l y- \ o- X n Dd- ∏ m- ° p- ∂ - X n\pw C-\n-bp-ta-sd ap-t∂-dp∂p. B- t Km- f - h - ¬ - ° - c - W w kr-jvSn® km-aq-ly km-ºØnI Zp-cn-Xß - ƒ ]p-tcm-KX - n°v G-sd {]-Xn-_-‘w krjvSn-°p-∂p-≠v. Z-cn-{Z-- -˛ [\nI A-¥-cw h-f-sc h¿-[n®n-cn-°p-∂p. A-gn-aX - n, a-Zy-]m\w, kv{Xo-]o-U-\w, ]-cn-ÿnXn-\m-iw XpS-ßn-bh B-tcbpw sR-´n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. D]t`m-K{- `m-¥pw A-Xym-{K-lh - pw kzm¿-∞-X-bpw km¿h-{Xn-Iam-bn-cn-°p-∂p. th-Ww a-s‰mcp tI-cf - w F∂ ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw ]-cn-j-Øv D-b¿-Øn-b-Xv Cu k-hn-ti-j-amb kml-N-cyØn-em-Wv. Cu ap-{Zm-hm-IyØn- s ‚ A¿- ∞ X- e - ß - f pw {]m-tbm-KnI am\-ßf - pw C-\nbpw hy‡-am-t°≠-Xp-≠v. A-Xn-\m-bn \S-tØ≠ hniZ-amb N¿®-I-fp-sS th-Zn-bmWv Cu h¿- j - s Ø {]- h ¿ØI Iym-ºv. tijw t]Pv
7¬
P\d¬ sk{I-´d- n-bpsS IØv kn. IrjvW≥ Fw.-F¬.F kwkm-cn-°p∂p
ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw hy-Xy-kvX-ambn tIc- f - Ø n- \ p- ≠ mb ta¬K-Xn-°p Imc-W-am-b-Xv C-hn-sS h-f¿-∂p h∂ bp-‡nNn-¥-bpw im-kv{X-t_m[-hpam-sW-∂v {]-i-kvX im-kv{X {]-Nm-cI - \ - pw k¿h hn ⁄m \ tIm-iw ap≥ Ub-c-IvS-dp-
amb s{]m^. sI. ]m-∏q-´n A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p. Cu ÿnXn-bn¬ \n-∂pw tI-c-fw ]nt∂m-´p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-s‚ kΩ¿±-ß-fm-Wv C-∂v F-√m taJ-eI - f - n-epw A-\p-`h - s - ∏Sp-∂-Xv. tijw t]Pv
4¬
4
ae-hm-chpw IS-tem-chpw Im°m≥...
as‰√m hnj- b - ß - s f- b pw t]mse kaq- l - h p- a mbpw Pohn- X - k - μ ¿`- ß - f p- a mbpw G‰hpw _‘-s∏´ H∂mWv KWn-Xs - a∂pw KWn-X] - T - \w Pohn-X-K-‘n-bmbpw Ncn-{XØns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Ønepw Ah-Xc - n-∏n-°p-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ KWn-X] - T - \ - Ø - n¬ hnZym¿YnIƒ C∂-\p-`-hn-°p∂ ]e {]iv\-߃°pw ]cn-lm-c-ap≠m-Ip-sa∂pw s{]m^. kn. ]n. \mcm-bW - ≥ Fw.-]n. A`n{]m-b-s∏-´p. Xncp- h - \ - ¥ - ] pcw ssh.Fw.-kn.-F. lmfn¬ tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØv kwL-Sn-∏n® KWn-Xi - mkv{X kwK-a-Ønepw IW-°-dnhv ]pkvXI - {- ]-Im-i\ NS-ßnepw A[y-£X hln®p kwkm-cn°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. C∂sØ KWn-X] - T - \ - c - oXn-bn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw IW°pw Pohn- X - h p- a m- b p≈ _‘ sØ hni- Z o- I - c n- ° msX tIhew Aaq¿Ø- a mbn AXns\ ssIImcyw sNøp-
I-bm-Wv. CXv aqew hnZym¿YnIƒ°v IW°v ]T\w hnja- I - c - a mhpIbpw Ah- c psS XmXv ] cyw Ipd- b p- I bpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ KWn-X]-T\w Pohn-XK - ‘ - n-bm-Ip∂ Xc-Øn¬ am‰m-\m-h-iy-amb ]cn-io-e-\hpw AXn-\-\p-kcn®v A[n-I-hm-b-\-bv°p≈ ]pkv X - I - ß - f p- a p- ≠ m- I - W sa∂v At±lw ]d- ™ p. sIm®n≥ imkv{Xkmt¶-XnI k¿h-Ie - m-im-eb - nse KWn-Xim-kv{X-hn-`m-KØ - nse tUm. F. hnP-bI - p-am¿ ]pkvXIw {]Im-i\w sNbvXp. A\nX ]pkvXIw G‰p-hm-ßn. tUm. kn.- P n. cma- N - { μ≥\m- b ¿ ]pkvXIw ]cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp-Øn. KWn-Xm-[ym-]-\-Øn-¬ t\cnSp∂ {]iv\-ßfpw IW-°dnhv cN-\m-\p-`h - hpw tUm. C. IrjvW≥ Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®p. Sn.sI. sIm®p- \ m- c m- b - W ≥, tUm. Imhp-ºmbn _me-IrjvW≥, _n. ctajv F∂n-h¿ kwkm-cn-®p.
IW-°d- nhv tUm. F. hnP-bI - p-am¿ {]Im-i\w sNøp∂p
Be∏pgbn¬ hnZym`ymk kwKaw Akokv IΩn‰n dnt∏m¿´v X≈n°fbpI tI- c - f - Ø n¬ C- ∂ v \n- e - h nep≈ ]m-Ty-]-≤-Xn-sb A-´n-adn-®v ]-g-b-Im-e-tØ-°v a-Sßm≥ ip-]m¿i sN-øp∂ dnt∏m¿-´v X-≈n-°-f-b-W-sa-∂v tI-cf im-kv{X-km-ln-Xy ]cn-jØ - v ap≥ kw-ÿm\ {]kn- U - ‚ v sI.Sn. cm- [ m- I rjvW≥ B-hi - y-s∏-´p. B-e∏pg \-K-c-N-Xz-c-Øn¬ \-S∂ hn-Zym-`ymk kw-K-aw D-ZvLmS-\w sN-bvXv kw-km-cn-°p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw. _-lp-`q-cn-]-£w h-cp∂ hn-Zym¿-∞n-Is - f A-cn-®v ap-Jy[m-c-bn¬ \n-∂pw h-en-s®-dnbpI F∂ [¿- Ω w A- d nt™m, A-dn-bm-sX-tbm \n¿Δ-ln-®n-cp∂ ]m-Ty-]-≤-Xn-°v ]-I-cw, A-dn-hm¿-÷n-°p∂ {]-{Inb B-\-μ-I-c-am-°p-Ibpw F-√m-h-tc-bpw Dƒ-s°m≈p-Ib - pw sN-øp∂ A-hÿ, C-∂v \n-e-hn-ep≈ ]m-Ty-]-≤Xn- b n- e q- s S- b m- W v tI- c - f Øn¬ kw-Pm-X-am-b-Xv. tZiob X-e-Øn¬-X-s∂ {i-≤bm-I¿-jn®, A-°m-Z-anI kaq-l-Øn-s‚ hn-]p-e-amb ]-
¶m-fn-Ø-tØm-sS Nn-´-s∏-SpØnb H-cp hn-Zym-`ymk ]-≤Xn-sb-bm-Wv C-t∏mƒ Kq-Va - mbn A-´n-a-dn-°m≥ {i-an-°p-∂Xv. C-Xn-s\-Xn-sc i-‡-amb {]-Xn-tcm[ \nc tI-c-f-Øn¬ D-b¿-∂v h-tc-≠-Xp-≠v. H-∏w ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n-sb hn-a¿-i\ - m-flI-am-bn hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw \- h o- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ pap≈ ]-cn-{i-a-߃ D-≠m-tI≠-Xp-ap-≠v. A-t±-lw Iq-´ntN¿-Øp. hn- Z ym- ` ymk kw- K - a Øn¬ Pn-√m hn-Zym-`ymk hnj- b - k - a n- X n sN- b ¿- a m≥ s{]m^. C-μp-em¬ A-≤y-£\m- b n- c p- ∂ p, tI- c - f - Ø n- s e s]m-Xp-hn-Zym-`ym-k-cw-Kw t\cn-Sp∂ sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ F∂ hn- j - b - s Ø A- [ n- I - c n- ® v sI.Sn. cm-[m-Ir-jvW-\pw, tIcf ]m-Ty-]-≤-Xn C-∂-se, C∂v, \m-sf F∂ hn-jb - s - Ø A-[n-Ic - n-®v Sn ]n I-em-[c - \ - pw A-h-X-c-W-߃ \-S-Øn. ap-cfn Im-´q¿ kzm-K-X-hpw sd-Pn km- a p- h ¬ \- μ n- b pw tc- J s∏SpØn.
2 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
sFtkm¨ [qa-tI-Xp-hn\v kzmKXw
tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-bn¬ kzmK-X-kw-L-ambn c - f - Ø - n-se Im-b¬ SqtI dn-kw ssh-‰vt- Im-f¿ am-^nb-If - p-sS ]n-Sn-bn-em-sW-∂v ap≥ a-{¥n-bpw Fw. F¬. F. bp-amb Pn. kp-[m-Ic - ≥ ]-d-™p. ]-cn-j-Øv B-e∏pg Pn-√m I-Ωn-‰n-bp-sS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ B-cw-`n® thº-\m-Sv kw-c-£W PmY In-S-ß-d-bn¬ D-ZvLm-S-\w sN-bvXv kw-km-cn-°p-Ib - mbn- c p- ∂ p A- t ±- l w. Im¿jnI-a’ - y-sØm-gn-em-fn ]mc-º-cy-sØ A-h-km-\n-∏n°-W-sa-∂p≈ dn-tkm¿-´v am-^n-b-bp-sS A-l-¶m-cw A-\p-hZ- n-°m≥ km-[n-°n-√∂v A-t±-lw ap-∂-dn-bn-∏p\¬-In. Xp-d∂ - X - pw kz-—μ - hp-amb {]-Ir-Xn ku-μc - yw B-kz-Zn-°m-\m-Wv hn-tZ-inIƒ h-cp-∂-Xv. C-hn-S-sØ {]-Ir-Xn ku-μc - y-hpw \-ΩpsS \m-Sn-s‚ `-£-W-hp-amWv A-h¿-°v th-≠X - v. kmbn-∏n-\v th-≠X - v F-b¿ I≠o-j-\m-sW∂ sX-‰n-≤mcW Xn-cp-Ø-Ww. h¿-jw ap-gp-h≥ X-Wp-∏n¬ I-gnbp∂ A-h¿ sh-bn-epw NqSpw A-\p-`-hn-°m-\m-Wn-hnsS h-cp-∂X - v. Ir-jn-bpw kz—-X-bpw ku-μ-cy-hp-an-s√-
¶n¬ km-bn-∏n-hn-sS h-cn√. C-ß-s\ t]m-bm¬ A-[nIw ssh-Im-sX X-s∂ a-\pjy- \ p h- k n- ° m≥ I- g nbmØ H-cn-S-am-bn Ip-´-\mSpw th-º\ - m-Spw am-dpw. I- ≈ - ∏ - W - ° m¿- ° v I≈-∏W - w hn-\n-ab - w sN-øm\pw Xn-∂p-Ip-Sn-°m-\p-ap≈ C-Sß - f - m-bn-am-dp-Ib - m-Wv C∂-sØ dn-tkm¿-´p-Iƒ. Ahn-sS F-¥v \n-ba - e - w-L\ - hpw \-S-°pw F-∂-Xm-Wv ÿn-Xn. km-[m-cW - ° - m¿ hgn-\S- ° - p∂ ÿ-eß - f - pw a’y-sØm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ ]-Wnsb-Sp-°p∂ C-S-ß-fp-sams° ]-WØ - n-s‚ ap-jI v- n¬ sI-´n-b-S-°p-I-bm-Wv. H-tc k-ab - Ø - v {Km-aoW aq-ey-ßsf A-h¿ I-®h - S- w sN-øpI-bpw A-tX-ka - b - w X-s∂ A-h-sb D-ev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ tI-{μ-ß-sf \-in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂X - m-Wv B-[p\nI ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øn-s‚ co-Xn. F-∂n-´v aq-ey-ß-sfbpw \-∑-I-sf-bpw ap-dn-®v Im- g v N - _ w- • m- h n¬ hbv°p∂ kw-kvI - m-cw h-f¿Øm≥ {i-an-°p-∂p. h-enb {]-am-Wn-Iƒ, kn-\n-am-Xm-c߃, D-tZym-Kÿ {]-ap-J¿
Pn. kp[mIc≥ Xp-Sß - n-bh - s - c-√mw dn-tkm¿´p-If - pw lu-kv t_m-´p-If - pam-bn C-dß - n-bn-cn-°p-Ib - mWv. am-en-\yw kw-kI v- c - n-°p∂-Xn-\p≈ bm-sXm-cp am¿K-ß-fpw {]-am-Wn-am-cp-sS t_m-´p-If - n-en√. C-h¿ thº-\m-Sn-s\ am-en-\yw sIm≠v aq-Sp-Ib - m-Wv. Im-be - pw Sq-dn-k-hpw F-s¥-∂-dn-bmØ-h¿ Cu cw-Ks - Ø-Øn-bXm-Wv C-∂s - Ø Zp-c¥ - Ø - n\v Im-cW - w. P-\-ß-fp-sS B-hm-kØn- \ pw sskz- c y- P o- h n- X Øn-\pw X-S- -am-Ip∂ GXv {]-h¿-Ø\ - ß - f - pw X-Sb - p∂-Xn-\v ]-©m-bØ - p-Iƒ-°v A-[n-Im-ca - p-≠v. ]-t£ Ah¿ D-W¿-∂p-{]-h¿-Øn-°p∂n√. ]-t£ {]-Ir-Xn-sb sh-√p-hn-fn-°m-\pw Im-b¬ I-tø-dm-\pw A-\p-hZ- n-°c - pXv. \n-ba - e - w-L\ - w \-SØ - n {]-h¿-Øn-°p∂ ap-gp-h≥ dn-tkm¿-´p-I-fpw I-tø-‰-ßfpw H-gn-∏n-°W - w. A-tX-ka-bw \n-ba - h - n-t[-ba - m-bn {]h¿-Øn-°p-∂-h-sb kw-c£n-°p-Ib - pw th-Ww. C-Xn\v kp-{]ow-tIm-SX - n hn-[n \S-∏n-em-°W - w. F-∂m¬ A-
Xn-s\-Xn-sc H-∏n´ \n-th-Z\ - w \¬-In-bh - c - p-sS Iq-´Ø - n¬ Xm-\n-√-∂v A-t±-lw Iq-´nt®¿-Øp. N-S-ßn¬ sh-fn-b-\m-Sv {Kma ]-©m-bØ - v {]-kn-U‚ v Hm-a\ A-\n¬-Ip-am¿ A-≤y-£-bm-bn-cp-∂p. PmYm Iym-]v‰≥ Fw. tKm-]Ip-am-dn-\v Pn. kp-[m-I-c≥ ]-XmI ssI-am-dn. kn. ]n. Fw. Ip-´\ - m-Sv G-cn-bm sk{I-´d- n sI. sI. A-ti-I≥, Pn-√m ]-©m-b-Øv sa-º¿ A-Uz. tP-°_ - v F-{_-lmw, kn. ]n. sF. Ip-´-\m-Sv afi-ew sk-{I-´d- n sI. tKm]n- \ m- Y ≥, sh- f n- b - \ m- S v tªm-°v ]-©m-bØ - v {]-knU-‚ v hn. sI. th-Wp-tKm]m¬, tªm-°v ]-©m-bØ - v Aw-K-ß-fmb tam-\n-®≥, kn. hn. cm-Po-hv, sh-fn-b\ - mSv ]-©m-bØ - v ssh-kv {]kn-U‚ - v Fw. hn. a-t\m-Pv, ]-©m-bØ - v I-Ωn-‰n Aw-Kw kn-‘p kq-cP - v, Np-\° - c P\m¿- ± - \ ≥ \m- b ¿, tUm. tPm¨ a-Øm-bn, ]-cn-jØ - v Pn-√m sk-{I-´-dn ap-l-Ω-Zv A-…w F-∂n-hc - pw kw-kmcn-®p.
anWm-eq¿ bq\n-‰v {]mtZ-inI CS-s]-S¬
]Øm-g° - p≠v AW-s°´v kwc-£W skan-\m¿ hS-°m-t©-cn taJ-eb - n-se an-Wm-eq¿ bq-\n-‰n-s‚ hm¿jn- I - Ø n¬ Xo- c p- a m- \ n® {]m-tZ-inI CS-s]-S¬ {]h¿Ø-\-amb ]-Øm-g-°p≠v AW-s°-´v kwc-£W - Øn-s‚ `mK-am-bn sk-an\m¿ kwL- S n- ∏ n- ® p. I¿jI {]-Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ, km-aqly- k mw- k v I m- c nI {]h¿Ø-I¿, hnZ-Kv[¿ F-∂nh¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. ]-T\ dnt∏m¿-´v dn´.-F≥-Pn-\o-b¿ ]n.-Un. Ae-Ivkm-≠¿ AhX-cn-∏n-®p. Pn-√m ]-cn-kc I¨-ho-\¿ tUm. hn-Zym-
km-K¿, Pn-√m sk-{I-´-dn tUm. {]-Zo-]vIp-am¿, ta-Jem {]-kn-U‚ - v Sn.-bp. hnPb-cm-aZ- m-k≥, Ir-jn Hm-^ok¿ a-t\m-Pv, an-Wm-eq¿ cho-{μ-\m-Yv, tk-Xp-am-[h - ≥, Fw.- B ¿. A- P n- Ø v I ntjm¿, kp-tem-N-\m taml≥, F≥.-F. tPm¨, i¶c≥ Ip-´n, hn.-ap-c-fn, apc-fo[-c≥.-]n, sI.-{io-Ip-am¿ F∂n-h¿ N¿®-bn¬ ]-s¶-SpØp. 1970¬ ]-Wn-Xo¿Ø 288 sl-IvS¿ Ir-jn-°v D]-bp‡-am-°m-hp∂ AW-s°-
´n-\v 18.3 ao-‰¿ Db-c-hpw 24.28 sl-IvS¿ Pe-t{km-X pw 1.44 an-ey¨ Iyq-_n°v ao-‰¿ Pe-kw-`c - W tijn-bp-ap-≠v. i-cn-bmb A‰Ip-‰-∏-Wn-bpw kwc-£-Whp-an-√m-sX D]-bp-‡-a-√mXm-bn-´v h¿j-ß-fm-bn. Ign™ th\- e - h - [ n- b n¬ ap≠-Øn-t°m-Sv {Kma-]© - mb-Øv {]-tZ-i-hpw Xr-»q¿ sa-Un-°¬ tIm-tf-Pv ]-cnk-c-hpw I-SpØ h-cƒ® A-\p-`h - s - ∏-´t- Xm-sS AWs°-´n-s‚ tim-Nym-hÿ ]cn-lc - n-°p-∂X - n-\v ]-cn-jØ - v
an-Wm-eq¿ bq-\n‰v ap≥-ssIsb-Sp-Øv ]-T\ - w \S-Øp-Ibp-≠m-bn. {]m-tZ-inI ssh-ZK - v[yw {]-tbm-P\ - s - ∏-Sp-Øn ^e-{]Z-am-bn tNm¿® XS-bp-∂X - n\p≈ ]-≤-Xn \S-∏m-°-Wsa-∂pw k¿-°m¿ {]-Jym]n® 1.60 tIm-Sn cq]-bp-sS ]-Øm-g-°p-≠v ]p\-cp-≤mcW {]-h¿-Øn D-S≥ B-cw`n-°-W-sa-∂pw hr-jvSn-{]tZ-is - Ø I-tø-‰ß - ƒ - H-gn∏n-°W - s - a-∂pw sk-an-\m¿ Bh-iy-s∏-´p.
hnhml{]mbw Ipd-b° v ¬ : Pm{KXm kmbm”w ap-…ow s]¨-Ip-´n-I-fp-sS hn-hm-l-{]m-bw Ip-d-°p-∂Xn-\p≈ \o-°Ø - n-s\-Xn-sc tI-cf im-kv{X-km-ln-Xy ]cn-j-Øv Xr-»q¿ Pn-√m IΩn-‰n-bp-sS B-`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ Nm-h° - m-Sv h-k¥ - w tIm¿Æ- d n¬ Pm- { K- X m km- b m”w kw-L-Sn-∏n-®p. Nm-h°m-Sv ap-\n-kn-∏¬ sN-b¿t]-gvk¨ k-Xo-c-Xv\w DZvLm-S\ - w sN-bvXp. ]-cn-jØ - v Pn-√m sP≥U¿ k-∫vIΩ - n-‰n sN-b¿-t]gvk¨ B-cn-^m-_n A-[y£-bm-bn. ]-cn-jØ - v Pn-√m {]-kn-U≠ - v Sn sI ao-cm-`mbn, I-hb - n-{Xn I-øp-Ωp tIm´-∏S- n, sI F-®v I-øp-Ωp (P\m-[n-]X - y a-ln-fm A-tkm-
sFtkm¨ ImgvN P\-߃°-\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-°m≥ tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØ - v tImgn-t°mSv Pn√-bn¬ kvIqfp-If - nepw hmb-\i - m-eI - f - nepw Ab¬]° thZn-Ifnepw sFtkm-Wns\ ImWm\pw hm\-\n-co-£Ww \SØm\pw {]]© hn⁄m-\o-bs - Ø-°p-dn®pw imkv{X-t_m[-sØ-°p-dn®pw ¢m p-Iƒ \S-Øm\pw hn]p-ea - mb Pn√m kwLm-SI kan-Xn°v ]cn-jØv cq]w \¬In-bn-´p-≠v. imkv{X-t_m[w P\-ß-fpsS kmam-\y-t_m-[-am-°m-\p-XIp∂ 3000 ¢m p- I ƒ Cu ka- b Øv \S- Ø pw. BImihmWn-bpsS klm-b-tØmsS X’-ab {]t£]Ww \SØn sFtkm-Wns\°pdn®v tIƒ°m\pw {]]©-hn-⁄m\w ]I-cm\pw e£y-an-Sp-∂p. tImgn-t°mSv So®¿ s{Sbn-\nßv tImtf-Pn¬ \S∂ kwLm-SI - k - a - nXn cq]o-Ic - W - t- bmKw s{]m^. sI ]m∏q´n DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp. Pn√m {]kn-U≠v ]n sI _me-Irjv W ≥ A[y- £ X hln- ® p. s{]m^. sI {io[- c ≥ {]h¿Ø\ cq]-tcJ Ah-Xc - n-∏n-®p. sF hn iim-¶≥, Sn inh-Zm-kv, tUm. F ANyp-X≥, taml-\≥ aW-en¬, sI {]`m-I-c≥, hn Sn \mk¿ F∂n-h¿ kwkm-cn-®p. Pn√m sk{I-´dn Sn ]n Zmtam-Z-c≥ kzmK-Xhpw ]n hnP-b≥ \μnbpw ]d-™p. s{]m^. F sI t{]aPw (ta-b¿), Fw sI cmL-h≥ (Fw ]n), F {]Zo-]vIp-am¿ (Fw F¬ F), ]pcp-j≥ ISep≠n (Fw F¬ F), _nt\mbv hnizw, Sn hn _me≥, tUm. F ANyp-X≥, sF Pn `mkvIc - ∏ - W - n-°¿ (c-£m-[nIm-cn-Iƒ), sI ]n taml-\≥ (sN-b¿am≥), sI N{μ≥ amÿ, sF hn iim-¶≥, sI Sn Ip™n-°Æ - ≥, Sn inhZm-kv, cmP-N{- μ≥, \ko-a, tUm. cma-Ir-jvW≥, tUm. amen\n, Sn ]n kpIp-am-c≥, tUm. sI F≥ KtW-iv, tUm. Sn sI B\- μ n, tUm. sI ]n Ac- h n- μ ≥ (sshkv sNb¿am≥am¿), sI {]`m-Ic - ≥ (P-\d- ¬ I¨ho-\¿), sI ]hn-{X≥, ]n hnP-b≥, sI hnP-b≥, AUz. ]n Sn N{μ≥, {iodmw, Sn sI F Akokv (I¨ho-\¿am¿) AS-ßnb Pn√m kwLm-SI kan-Xnbpw cq]o-Ic - n-®p.
Du¿÷{Kmaw ]≤Xn aøn¬ taJebn¬ Bcw`n®p ]-cn-j-Øv a-øn¬ taJ-e-bn¬ \S-∏n-em-°p∂ Du¿P-{Kmaw ]-cn-]m-Sn-°v Ip-‰ym-´q¿ ]-©m-b-Øn-se sN-°n-°p-fw hm¿-Un¬ kw-Lm-SI - k - a - n-Xn cq-]o-Ic - n-®p. {Kma ]-©m-bØv {]-kn-U‚ - v kn. kp-PmX sN-b¿-t]-gvkW - pw Fw.Ip™-ºp I¨-ho-\d- p-am-bn {]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂p. hm¿-Un¬ 8 tI-{μ-ß-fn¬ Du¿÷ ¢m- v \-S-Øn .bp. P-\m¿-±-\≥, ]n.sI th-Wp-tKm-]m-e≥, ]n.]n. kp-\n¬, sI.kn. ]-fl\m-`≥, F.tKm-hn-μ≥, {io-em¬.C.sF, kn. ap-cf - o-[c - ≥, hn.H. {]-`m-Ic - ≥, Sn.c-Xv\m-Ic - ≥ F-∂n-h¿ ¢m- p-Iƒ-°v t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In. Du¿÷ k¿-th B-cw-`n-®p. N-´p-I∏ - md Kh : l-b¿-sk-°‚ - d- n kvIqƒ k-b≥-kv ¢-∫v hn-Zym¿-YnIƒ k¿-tΔ-bn¬ k-Po-ha - m-bn ]-¶m-fn-If - m-hp-∂p.
kwÿm\ {]h¿ØI Iymºv
hm¿Øm-]{- Xw {]Im-i\w sNbvXp ]-cn-jØ - v {]-h¿-ØI Iym-ºv {]-Nmc-WØ - n-s‚ `mK-am-bn {]-kn-≤o-Ic - n-°p∂ hm¿-Øm-]{- Xw kw-ÿm-\ {- ]-kn-U‚ - v tUm. F≥.-sI. i-in-[c - ≥]n≈ IS-º\ - m-´v D-ZvLm-S\ - w sNbvXp. kzmK-Xk - w-Lw ssh-kv sN-b¿-am≥ kn.-sI. \S-cmP\v tIm-∏n \¬-In-s°m-≠m-Wv {]-Im-i\ - w \n¿h-ln-®X - v. Pn-√m-{]-kn-U‚ - v F≥.-sI.-cm-tP-{μ-Ip-am¿, tªm-°v ]-©mb-Øv Aw-Kw sI. kp-Pm-X, s{]m^. Pn. _me-Ir-jvW≥\m-b¿, tUm. sI. ]n. Ir-jvW≥-Ip-´n, F.-sI.-tKm-]m-e≥, s{]m^. Sn.-B¿. c-Xv\w, A-\n¬ kn. sI.-s_m-°m-tdm, kptc-jvIp-am¿ F-∂n-h¿ k-∂n-ln-Xc - m-bn-cp-∂p.
Pew P∑mhImiw Im™-ßmSv bq\n-‰n¬ N¿® Pm{KXm kmbm”w kXo-cXv\w DZvLm-S\w sNøp∂p
kn-tb-j≥), s{]m^. hn hn-Pb - e - £ - a - n (tI-cf kvt‰‰v k¿-Δo-kv s]≥-j-tWgvkv bq-Wn-b≥ Pn-√m tPmbn-‚ v sk-{I-´d- n), tUm. l-
ko\ (\n¿-Δm-lI k-an-Xn Aw- K w), \- k ow A- _ p (ap≥ sN-b¿-t]-gvk¨, Nmh-°m-Sv \-Kc - k - `) Xp-Sß - nb-h¿ kw-km-cn-®p. ]-cn-j-
Øv Pn-√m sP≥-U¿ k-∫v I-Ωn-‰n I¨-ho-\¿ sI ]n A-\nX kzm-K-X-hpw Pn-√m I-Ωn-‰n Aw-Kw sI {]-k∂ \-μn-bpw ]-d™ p.
{]-Xn-amk N¿-®m ¢m-kn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn Im-™-ßm-Sv bqWn-‰n¬ P-ew P-∑m-hI - m-ia - m-Wv e-Lp-teJ N¿® kw-LSn-∏n-®p. hn.hn. {]-k∂ - I - p-am-cn e-Lp-teJ A-hX - c - n-∏n-®p. bq-Wn-‰v {]-kn-U-‚ v sI. _m-e-Ir-jvW≥ A-[y-£X hln-®p. Fw.hn. _m-eI - r-jvW≥, F.am-[h - ≥, ]n.hn.Ip-amc≥, hn.i-¶c - ≥, ]n.Ip-™n-°Æ - ≥ F-∂n-h¿ N¿-®b - n¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. 110 e-Lp-te-JI - ƒ {]-Nc - n-∏n-®p.
3 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
tIm´-bw hn-hc - k - m-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zysb-t∏m-se c-≠v- Z-im-_v-Z߃-°n-S-bn¬- C-{X-tb-sd tem-I-sØ kzm-[o-\n-® as‰m-cp X-Xz-im-kv-{X-an-s√∂pw- A-tX-ka - b - w- Cu- Ime-L´- Ø - n-se G-‰h - pw- h-enb sh-√p-hn-fn-bms-W-∂pw tUm.- _n- C-Iv-_m¬ ]-d™p.- - im-kv{- X-km-ln-Xy- ]cn-jØ - pw- kz-X{- ¥ hn-⁄m\ k-Jy-hpw- kw-bp-‡a - m-bnkw-LS- n-∏n-® tem-I tkm-^v‰vs - h - b - ¿- kzm-X{- ¥y-Zn-\m-Nc - Ww- D-ZL v- m-S\ - w- sN-øp-Ib - mbn-cp-∂p A-t±-lw.- hn-h-ckm-t¶-Xn-I hn-Zy- hn-Zym-`ymk-sØ ]p-Xp-°n-]-Wn-Xp.hn-hc - k - t- ¶-Xn-I hn-Zy-bp-sS h-f¿-® B-Zy-Im-eØ - v- kwkvI - m-cn-I G-Io-Ic - W - a - m-WvD-≠m-°n-bX - v.- tkm-^v‰- vs - hb¿- h-gn-bp≈ {]m-tZ-in-Ih¬-I-c-Ww- a-e-bm-f-sØ tem-IØ - n¬- G-‰h - pw- kzm[o-\a - p≈ 10 `m-jI - f - n¬- Hsc-Æ-am-°n.B-tcm-Ky-cw-KØ - v- Un-Pn‰¬- km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy- h-cp∂- X n- \ v - ap- º v - tcm- K - t Ø°mƒ- I-Tn-\a - m-bn-cp∂ NnIn’. I-≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-߃km-aq-ly-kr-jvS- n-bm-Wv.- ]¶n-´pw- k-lI - c - n-®p-am-Wv- imkv{- Xw- h-fc - p-∂X - v.- - hn-⁄mt\m¬-∏m-Z\ - w- \-SØ - p-∂h - cm-Wv- tem-Iw- `-cn-°p-∂X - v.hn-PR - m-\Ø - n-s‚ Ip-ØI - h¬-I-c-W-Øn-\m-Wv- ap-Xem-fn-Ø cm-jv{- S-߃- {i-an°p-∂-Xpw. hn-⁄m-\-Øns‚ D¬-∏m-Z\ - h - pw h - n-]W - \-hpw- ]p-Xp-°e - pw- kz-X{- ¥am-bn- \-S° - W - w.- P-\I - o-b ap-t∂-‰ß - ƒ- km-aq-ly- irwJ-eI - ƒ- h-gn- i-‡a - m-Wv.- ]ptcm-K-a\ Nn-¥m-K-Xn- \n-e\n¿-Øn- kz-X{- ¥ tkm-^v‰- vsh-bd- p-Is - f t{]m¬-km-ln∏n-°p-∂X - pw- D-]t- bm-Kn-°p∂-Xpw- B-tKm-fh - ¬-Ic - W - Øn-s\-Xn-cm-b k-a-c-sØ i-‡-am-°p-sa-∂pw- A-t±lw- ]- d - ™ p.- "kz- X - { ¥ tkm-^‰v- s v- h-bd- n-s‚ Im-en-I {]- k - ‡ n- ' F∂ hn- j - b Øn¬- ]-cn-jØ - v- hn-hc - k - mt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy- k-_v-I-Ωn-‰nbw-Kw- in-hl - c - n- \-μI - p-am¿{]-_-‘w- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p.A¿-_≥- _m-¶v- {]-kn-U‚ - vA-Uz.- sI A-\n¬-Ip-am¿A-[y-£-\m-bn.- ]-cn-j-ØvPn-√m- {]-kn-U‚ - v- B¿- k\¬-Ip-am¿,- Pn-√m- sk-{I-´dn- Sn- bp kp-tc-{μ≥-,- kz-X{¥ hn-⁄m-\ k-Jyw- sk{I-´d- n- Fw- bp- tXm-ak - v,- SnF tKm-hn-μv F-∂n-h¿- kwkm-cn-®p.-
Xncph\¥]pcw tkm-^v‰vsh-b¿ kzm-X{¥y-Zn-\m-Nc - W - Ø - n-s‚ `m-Kam-bn Xn-cp-h\ - ¥ - ] - p-cw ]-cnj- Z v ` - h - \ n¬ ]- c n- j - Ø pw Un.F.sI.F-^pw tN¿-∂v D_p-≠p C≥-kv‰-te-j-\pw {]-`m-j-W-hpw kw-L-Sn-∏n®p. Iw-]yq-´d- p-If - n¬ ]-cnj-Øv D-_p-≠p C-\vÃmƒ sN-bvXp. Un-Fs - I-F^ - v P\- d ¬ sk- { I- ´ - d n tUm. Fw.B¿. ss_- P p tkm-
sF Sn ]cnioe\w cPn-t{Ãj≥ Bcw-`n®p
tIm´bØv \S∂ ]cn-]mSn tUm. _n.-CI - v_m¬ DZvLm-S\w sNøp∂p
^vSvsh-b¿ kzm-X{- ¥y-sØ°p-dn-®v {]-`m-jW - w \-SØ - n. Pn-√m sk-{I-´-dn _n.c-tajpw a-I≥ A-∏p-hpw tN¿∂v D-_p-≠p ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏-SpØn. Xp-S¿-∂v N¿-®b - pw \S-∂p. Pn-√m sF-Sn I¨-ho\¿ cm- P n- X v kzm- K - X - h pw Un.F.sI.F-^v Pn-√m sk{I-´d- n Sn tKm-]I - p-am¿ \-μnbpw ]-d™ p. kz-X{- ¥ tkm-^vSvsh-bdn¬ Xp-Sß - nb Nne B-πnt°-j\ - p-Iƒ ]n-∂o-Sv s{]mss{]-‰-dn B-°n-b-tXm-sS A-h-bp-sS h-f¿® \n-∂p. Iq-´p-tN¿-∂p≈ km-t¶-XnI-hn-Zym-hn-I-k-\-hpw hn⁄m\ \n¿-an-Xn-bpw \n-ebv°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wn-Xv. kz- X - { ¥- t km- ^ v S v s h- b - d ns‚ G-‰h - pw h-enb k-hnti- j X Iq- ´ p- t N¿- ∂ p≈ km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zym-hn-I-k-\hpw hn-⁄m\ \n¿-an-Xn-bpam- W v F- ∂ v Fw.B¿. ss_-Pp A-`n-{]m-b-s∏-´p. km-t¶-XnI hn-Zy-bpw hn⁄m-\h - pw H-cp km-aq-lnI D-Xv]-∂-am-bn am-dp∂ Cu A-hÿ P-\m-[n-]X - y {]-{Inb-bp-sS B-Wn-°√ - m-Wv. CXn-s\ X-Sb - p∂ `-cW - I - q-Sw X-s∂ ]-et- ∏m-gpw c-lk - y \n-co-£W - Ø - n-eq-sS s]u-cs‚ kz-Im-cy-X-sb `-RvPn°p-Ib - pw B-ib hn-\n-ab kzm-X-¥y-sØ l-\n-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. C-Xn-s\-Xnsc-bp≈ sN-dp-Øp-\n-ev]mWv h- c pw- I m- e - Ø v hn⁄m\ kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-\pth-≠n \n-es - Im-≈p∂ {]ÿm- \ - ß ƒ D- b ¿- Ø ns°m≠ph-tc-≠X - v F-∂pw ss_-Pp ]d-™p.
ae∏pdw tkm-^v‰vsh-b¿ kzm-X{¥y-Zn-\m-N-c-Ww a-e-∏p-dw sI.F-kv.Sn.F.lm-fn¬ \-S∂p. C.\-μI - p-am¿ D-ZvLmS-\w sN-bvXp. ]-cn-jØ - v Pn√m {]- k n- U - ≠ v F≥.aJv_q¬ A-[y-£X h-ln®p. A-–p¬ l-°ow D-_p≠p ]- c n- N - b - s ∏- S p- Ø n. ]n.hn._m- _ p- c m- P v bp- \ otIm-Un-eq-sS a-eb - m-fw ssS∏nw-Kv ]-Tn-∏n-®p. sI. hn-Pb-\pw, A-\-kv.Fw.]n-bpw tkm-jy¬ s\-‰vh¿-Inw-Kv, hn-°n {K-Ÿi - me , hn-°n ao-Unb F-∂nh ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏Sp- Ø n. Pn- √ m sk- { I- S - d n Sn.A-Pn-XvIp-am¿ kzm-K-Xhpw Un.F.sI.F-^v.Pn-√m sk-{I-´d- n kn.F-kv.a-t\m-Pv \-μn-bpw ]-d™ p.
FdWmIpfw F-dW - m-Ip-fw Pn-√b - n¬ tkm-^v‰vsh-b¿ kzm-X{- ¥yZn-\m-N-c-W-hp-am-bn _-‘s∏-´v ]-cn-j-Øv `-h-\n¬ sh- ® v 'tkm- ^ v ‰ v s h- b ¿ kzm-X{- ¥yw --- ˛ {]-k‡ - n-bpw km-[y-XI - f - pw' F∂ hn-jb-Øn¬ N¿-®m ¢m- v \-S∂p. Fw.]n. P-bs - ‚ A-[y£-Xb - n¬ C-¥y-bn-se kzX- { ¥- t km- ^ v ‰ v s h- b ¿ {]ÿm-\Ø - n-s‚ (FSMI) tZio-b-{]-kn-U-‚ v tPm-k-^v tXm-ak - v hn-jb - a - h - X - c - n-∏n®p. km-aq-ly-\o-Xn-bn-e-[njvTn-X-hpw k-¥p-en-X-hpw kp-ÿn-ch - p-amb hn-Ik - \ - w
km-[y-am-IW - s - a-¶n¬, Iq-SpX¬ sa-®s - ∏´ P-\m-[n-]X - yhy-hÿ km¿-Y-I-am-I-Wsa-¶n¬ A-dn-hn-s‚ F-√m-Xe-Øn-ep-ap≈ kzm-X-{¥yw A-Xym-h-iy-am-sW-∂v tPmk-^v tXm-a - v ]-d™ p. hnh-ck - m-t¶-Xn-Ih - n-Zym hn-`h - ߃ (lm¿- U v s h- b - d pw tkm-^v‰vsh-bd- pw) kz-X{- ¥X-e-Øn¬ X-t±-io-b-am-bn hn- I - k n- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ - X n- e pw kzmw-io-Ic - n-®v hn-hc - i - rw-Je-Iƒ i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X - nepw P- \ - I o- b - i m- k v { X- { ]ÿm-\-߃-°pw k-∂-≤Iq-´m-bvaI - ƒ-°pw h-enb ]¶p-s≠-∂pw A-t±-lw ]-d™p. I-tºmf [-\m-[n-]X - ysØ Xn-cp-Øp-hm-\p≈ H-cp h-gn hn-hc - ß - f - p-sS P-\m-[n]- X y- a m- s W- ∂ v Du- ∂ n- ∏ d™ A- t ±- l w C- X n- \ mbp≈ {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ ]cn-jØ - v F-s‰-Sp-Øv \-SØ - p∂-Xn¬ k-t¥m-jw tc-Js∏-Sp-Øn. F-kv. F-kv a-[p, sI Fw kw-Kt- a-i≥, kym\≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿ N¿-®bn¬ ]- s ¶- S p- Ø v kwkmcn®p.
hb\mSv h- b - \ m- S v Pn- √ - b n- e pw tkm-^v‰vsh-b¿ kzm-X{- ¥yZn-\w B-tLm-jn-®p. I¬∏‰ Kh. F¬-]n kvIq-fn¬ B-bn-cp-∂p ]-cn-]m-Sn. 5 h\n-XI - ƒ Dƒ-∏s - S 25 t]¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. tªm-°v U-he-∏vsa-‚ v Hm-^o-kd- pw sFSn D] k-an-Xn sN-b¿-am-\pamb ]n.kn a-Po-Zv D-ZvLm-S-
Xr»q¿ Xr-»q-cn-epw ]-cn-]m-Sn \S-∂p. 21 t]-cm-Wv ]-s¶-SpØ- X v . A- t im- I - \ v Rm- d °¬ hn-jb - w A-hX - c - n-∏n®p. D- _ p- ≠ p C≥- à - t ej≥, hn-°n ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏-Spج F-∂nh \S-∂p. em]vtSm-∏n¬v D-_p-≠p C≥Ãmƒ sN-bvXp. 1997 ap-X¬ en-\-Ivkv ssI-Im-cyw sNøp∂ t_-_n-N{- I-]m-Wn At±-l-Øn-s‚ em-_n¬ hnt‚m-kv H-gn-hm-°nb A-\p`-hw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. N¿-®bn¬ ]-s¶-Sp-Øh - ¿ kz-X{¥-tkm-^v‰s - h-bc - v A-\p-`h-ßf - pw ]-¶p-sh-®p.
ae-∏p-dØv \S∂ ]cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ \n∂v
kw-ÿm-\X - e sF Sn ]-cn-io-e\ ]-cn-]m-Sn sk]vXw-_¿ 7,8 Xn-øX - n-If - n¬ Xr-»q-cn¬ \-S∂ - p. XpS¿-]c - n-]m-Sn-bm-bn Xm-ev]c - y-ap≈ ]-cn-jZ- v {]-h¿-ØI¿-°m-bn kw-ÿm-\X - e - Ø - n¬ G-IZ- n\ ]-cn-ioe-\] - c - n-]m-Sn-Iƒ kw-LS- n-∏n-°p-∂p. a-e∏ - p-dw, Be-∏pg Pn-√I - f - n-em-bn B-Zy-sØ c-≠v ]-cn-io-e\ - ߃ \-S° - pw. aq-∂m-as - Ø tI-{μw ]n-∂o-Sv Xo-cpam-\n-°pw. I-ºyq-´d- n¬ a-eb - m-fs - a-gp-X¬, a-eb - mfw hn-°n-∏o-Unb/]-cn-j-Øv hn-°n-bn¬ C-S-s]Sp∂ hn-[w F-∂n-hb - n-em-bn-cn-°pw ]-cn-io-e\ - w. ]cn-io-e-\-Øn¬ ]s¶Sp°m≥ Xmev]cyap≈h¿ cm.muraleedharan@gmail.com F∂ C-sa-bn¬ hnem-kØ - n¬ d-Pn-ÿ sN-øW - w. G-Xv Pn-√b - n-se ]cn-io-e\ - Ø - n¬ ]-¶S- p-°m-\m-Wv Xm-ev]c - y-sa-∂pw A-dn-bn-°W - w. 9495981919 F∂ sam-ss_¬ \-ºdn¬ sms A-b® - pw d-Pn-ÿ-sN-ømw. (sms ¬ t]cv tN¿-°m≥ a-d° - c - p-Xv.)Xn-øX - n-bpw ]-cn-]m-Sn \-S°p∂ ÿ-eh - pw a-‰v hn-iZ- mw-iß - f - pw d-Pn-ÿ sNbvXh - s - c ap≥-Iq-´n X-s∂ A-dn-bn-°pw.
\w sN-bvXp. Pn-√m {]-knU≥-dv s{]m^..sI _m-etKm-]m-e≥ B-≤y-£w hln-®p. Pn-√m sk-{I-´d- n Fw. Un. tZ-h-ky a-e-bm-fw Iºyq-´n-ßv ]-cn-Nb - s - ∏-Sp-Øn. F.sI jn-_p, sI. Zn-t\i≥, _n-tPm t]mƒ, sI A-tim-I≥-am-ÿ F-∂n-h¿ D-_p-≠p C≥-Ãt- e-j\ - v t\Xr-Xzw \¬-In. B-hi - y-s∏´-h¿-°v ]-cn-jØ - v D-_≠ - p kn-Un-bpw \¬-In.
Be∏pg B-e∏ - p-gb - n-se ]-cn-]m-Sn°v sF.Sn. D-]k - a - n-Xn ap≥ I¨-ho-\¿ F.B¿ ap-lΩ - Zv A-…w t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In. I-ºyq-´d- p-If - n¬ ]-cn-jØ - v D- _ p- ≠ p C≥- à mƒ sNbvXp. D-_p-≠p C≥-Ã-tej≥, hn-hn[ tkm-^v‰vshb-dp-Iƒ F-∂n-hb - p-sS ]-cnN-bs - ∏-Sp-ج \-S∂ - p. ap≥ kw-ÿm\ sk-{I-´d- n ]n.hn. hn-t\m-Zv, Pn-√m sk-{I-´-dn B¿. c-RvPn-Øv Xp-Sß - n-bh¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp.
tImgnt°mSv tIm-gn-t°m-Sv ]-cn-j-Zv`h-\n¬ \-S∂ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ 60 t]¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. t\m-
h-en-Ãv ]n h-’-e-b-S-°w ]-cn-jZ- v {]-hc - vØI - c - √ - m-Øh-cm-bn-cp-∂p ]m-Xn-tbm-fs - a∂-Xv F-Sp-Øp ]-dt- b-≠X - msW-∂p tXm-∂p-∂p. F-dWm-Ip-fw ATPS ¬ {]-h¿Øn-°p∂ {]-tim-`v tkm^v‰vsh-b¿ kzm-X{- ¥y-Zn-\mN-cW - Ø - n-s‚ {]-k‡ - n-bpw {]m-[m-\y-hpw hn-iZ- n-Ic - n-®p. sF-Sn@kv°qƒ am-Ãc - v s{Sbn-\¿-am-cmb sI.hn {]-tamZv. kn A- ≥-tImb F-∂nh¿ a-e-bm-fw I-ºyq-´nw-Kns\ Ip-dn-®pw D-_p-≠p C≥Ãmƒ sN-øp-∂h - n-[h - pw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. ]-cn-]m-Sn-s°Øn-bh - ¿ sIm-≠p-h∂ em]v t Sm- ∏ p- I - f n¬v D- _ p- ≠ p C≥-Ãmƒ sN-øp-∂-Xn-\pw B-h-iy-°m¿-°v ss{U-hv kn-Un ]-I¿-Øn \¬-Ip-∂Xn-\pw am-ÿ s{S-bn-\¿-amtcm-sSm-∏w C.A-tim-I\ - pw k-lI - c - n-®p. sF-Sn D-]k - a - nXn kw-ÿm\ I¨-ho-\¿ kn.Fw ap-cf - o-[c - ≥ A-[y£X h-ln-®p. sF-Sn D-]k- a n- X n Pn- √ m- I ¨- h o- \ ¿ hn.ap-cf - o-[c - ≥ kzm-KX - h - pw sI cm-[≥ \-μn-bpw ]-d™p.
]me°mSv ]m-e° - m-Sv Pn-√b - n-se ap∂q¿-t°m-Sv Kh.l-b¿ sk°-‚d- n kvIq-fn¬ kz-X{- ¥ tkm-^v‰vsh-b¿ ]-cn-io-e\ - hpw ¢m-kpw \-S∂ - p. sN¿∏p-ft- »-cn ssl-kvIqƒ A[ym-]I - \ - p-amb Zm-kv am-jv ¢m-s -Sp-Øp. bp-hk - w-Ka - w {]-h¿-ØI - c - S- ° - w 46 t]¿ ]-s¶-Sp-Øp. tZ-hZ- m-kv, {io\n-hm-k≥, ta-Je - m sk-{I´-dn KoX, Pn√ {]-kn-U‚ - v Fw.Fw.]-c-ta-iz-c≥ Xp-Sßnb ]-cn-jZ- v {]-h¿-ØI - ¿ t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In. Pn√ bph- k - a n- X n Hm- t Wm- ’ - h tØm-S\ - p-_‘ - n-®m-Wv ]-cnio-e\ - w \-S∂ - X - v. 20,21 Xob-Xn-If - n¬ \-S∂ bp-hk - an- X n Hm- t Wm- ’ - h - Ø n- \ v Pn√ I¨-ho-\¿ tam-l\ - ≥ t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In.
4 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
P\d¬ sk{I-´d- n-bpsS IØv
ae-hm-chpw IS-tem-chpw Im°m≥.... "]®bmw hncn-∏n´ kly-\n¬ Xe h®pw, kz—m_v[n aW¬Øn´mw ]mtZm-][ - m\w ]q≠pw ]≈n sIm≠o-Sp-∂ \n≥ ]m¿iz-bp-‹sØ, ImØp-sIm-≈p∂p Ipam-cnbpw tKmI¿tW-i\ - p-at- Ω.....'
h≈-tØmƒ \mcm-bW tat\m≥
hnI-k\ tIm¨{Kkv A¶amen taJebn¬ kzmKXkwLw Un-kw-_d- n¬ F-dW - m-Ip-fØ - p \S-°p∂ tI-cf hn-I-k\ tIm¨{K- n-s‚ A-\p-_‘ - ] - c - n-]m-Sn-Iƒ kp-Ka - a - m-bn \-SØ - p-∂X - n-\m-bn A¶-am-en ta-J-e-bn¬ kzm-K-X-kwLw cq-]o-Ic - n-®p. A-¶a - m-en kn Fkv F bn¬ \-S∂ N-Sß - n¬ ta-Jem ssh-kv {]-kn-U≠ - v ]n.sI.Ip™q-™v A-≤y-£-\m-bn. tI-{μ kzm-K-X-kw-Lw P-\-d¬ I¨-ho-
\¿ s{]m^. ]n.sI. c-ho-{μ≥ hnIk\ tIm¨-{K- n-s\-°p-dn-®v kwkm-cn-®p. Fw.B¿. hn-Zym-[c - ≥ A\p-_-‘-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ hn-i-Zo-I-cn®p. Xp-S¿-∂v N¿-®I - ƒ-°v ti-jw tUm. k- t ¥m- j v sN- b ¿- a m- \ pw Fw.B¿ .hn-Zym-[c - ≥ P-\d- ¬ I¨ho-\d- p-am-bn kzm-KX - k - w-Lw cq-]oI-cn-®p.
th
º-\m-Sv I¨-sh≥j-\n-te-°v £-Wn-°p-∂X - n-\m-bn Rm-\pw ]n hn tPm-k^ - pw Iq-Sn sI B¿ Ku-cn-bΩ - b - p-sS ho-´n¬ t]m-bn-cp-∂p. t\-Xm-hv hn-{i-aw I-gn-™v DW-cp-∂X - pw Im-Øv G-Xm\pw ]m¿-´n {]-h¿Ø-Ic - pw ]-{X-°m-cpw km-[m-cW P\-ßf - pw A-hn-sS Im-Øn-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-cp-sS cm-jv{Sob Po-hn-XØ - n-s‚-bpw A-tXm-sSm-∏w tIc-fØ - n-s‚-bpw N-cn-{X ap-{Z-Iƒ Ahti-jn-∏n® B kzoI-cW ap-dn-bn-en-cp-∂v kzX-kn-≤a - mb ssi-en-bn¬ A-h¿ R-ßt- fm-Sv kw-kmcn-®p. ssh-‰ne Xp-cp-Øn-se \n¿-an-Xn-Iƒ \o-°w sNø-Ws - a∂ ssl-t°m-SX - n hn-[n-sb i-cn-sh-®psIm-≠p≈ kp-{]ow tIm-SX - n hn-[n-bp-sS ]-I¿-∏v R-߃ sIm-≠p-t]m-bn-cp-∂p. {]m-bm-[n-Iy-Øns‚ Ah-iX - I - ƒ-°pw kvar-Xn \mi-Øn-\p-an-Sb - n-epw Ah-cp-sS hm-°p-If - n¬ Hm¿a-If - p-sS an∂em-´w. thº-\m-Sv Imb-en-s‚ ap-°pw aqe-If - pw A-h¿-°v lr-Zn-ÿw. A¬-∏m¬-∏w a-Æn-´v Xq¿-Øv XpS-ßn, ]n-s∂ H-t∂m c-t≠m h-≈w a-Æn-d° - n, ]n-s∂ sX-ßn≥-ssX sh-®v \n-IØ - n-sb-Sp-°p-∂Xn-s‚ {]-{Inb hni-Zo-Ic - n-®p. Xm≥ ]e-h´- w a-{¥n-bm-bt- ∏mƒ Im-b¬ Xoc-߃ sI-´n kwc-£n°p-∂X - n-\v kzoI-cn® \S-]S- n-Iƒ Hm¿-an-®p. D]-Po-h\ - Ø - n-\m-bn sN-dnb tXm-Xn¬ XpS-ßnb Imb¬ \nI-ج C-∂v am-^n-bI - f - p-sS hn-lm-cc - w-Ka - m-bn am-dnb Im-cyw tPm-k^ - pw a-‰p-≈h - c - pw kqNn-∏n-®t- ∏mƒ A-h¿ A-kz-ÿb - m-bn. Kh-s◊-‚ v C-°m-cy-Øn¬ A-Sn-b¥ - nc \S-]S- n-Iƒ kzoI-cn°m-ØX - n-ep≈ tcm-jw B hm-°p-If - n¬ \ng-en-®p. F-{X-bpw s]-s´-∂v H-cp hni-Za - mb ]-T\ - w \StØ-≠X - p-s≠-∂v ]d-™p. P\-Io-ba - m-bn B ]-T\ - w G-s‰-Sp-°m≥ ]-cn-jØ - v Xo-cp-am-\n-®n-´p-s≠∂v R-߃ A-dn-bn-®p. sk-]vXw-_¿ 8\v Be-∏pg cm-[m I¨-sh≥-j≥ sk‚-dn¬ \-S∂ Im-b¬ I-Ωo-j≥ {]-Jym]\ k-tΩ-f\ - w tIc-fØ - n-se ]-cn-ÿn-Xn kwc-£W ka-cß - f - p-sS N-cn-{X-Øn¬ s]m-Xp-sh-bpw ]-cn-jØ - n-s‚ {]-h¿-Ø\ N-cn-{X-Øn¬ hn-ti-jn-®pw \n¿-Wm-bI - a - mb H-∂m-bn am-dn. {]-Xn-]£ - t\-Xm-hn-s‚ D-ZvLm-S\ Zr-iy-tc-J, Fw Fw tem-d≥-kn-s‚-bpw tXm-ak - v sFk-°n-s‚-bpw Sn sP B-RvPt- em-kn-s‚-bpw {]-kw-Kß - ƒ, hn Fw kp-[o-cs - ‚ k-tμ-iw, hn-hn[ sXm-gn-em-fn-˛k - mw-kvImcn-I˛- k - m-aq-ly kwL-S\ - m {]-Xn-\n-[n-If - p-sS sF-Iy-Zm¿-Vyw, ]-cn-ÿn-Xn hnZ-Kv[c - p-sS am¿K-\n¿tZ-iß - ƒ, hn-]p-ea - mb P\-]¶ - m-fn-Øw Ch-bm¬ kº-∂a - m-bn-cp-∂p I¨-sh≥-j≥. h-fs - c Kuch-ap≈ DØ-ch - m- Z- n-Øa - m-Wv \mw C-Xn-eq-sS G-s‰-Sp-Øn-´p-≈X - v. {]-Ir-Xn t{kmX- p-If - p-sS D]tbm-Kw kw_-‘n® H-cp am¿K-tc-Jb - m-hpw I-Ωo-j≥ dn-t∏m¿-´n-eq-sS \-ap-°v tIc-fØ - n-\v \¬-Im\m-hp-I. P\-Io-ba - m-bpw im-kv{Xo-ba - m-bpw Cu hnh-cß - ƒ tiJ-cn-°m-\p≈ {ia-߃ D-S≥ Bcw-`n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. C-Xn-\m-h-iy-am-bn h-cp∂ sNe-hp-Iƒ P\-ß-fn¬ \n-∂pw k-am-l-cn-°-Ww. Fd-Wm-Ip-fw tI-{μo-Ic - n-®v H-cp sk-{I-´d- n-tb-‰v {]-h¿-Øn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Xo-cp-am-\n-®n-´p-≠v. I-Ωo-js‚ kn-‰nw-Kp-Iƒ P\-Io-ba - m-bn kwL-Sn-∏n-°¬, {]-Nm-cW {]-h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ, kmº-ØnI k-aml-cW - w Ch Nn´-bm-bn ap-t∂m-´p sIm-≠p-t]m-IW - w. Be-∏pg Pn√m IΩn-‰n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \S∂ thº-\mSv kwc-£W - P - m-Y°v F√m P\-hn-`mKßfn¬ \n∂pw e`n® ]n¥pW Bthiw ]I-cp-∂-Xm-Wv. ]-›n-aL - ´ kwc-£W - h - p-am-bn _‘-s∏´ Km-UvKn¬ I-Ωn-‰n ip-]m¿i-Iƒ kw_-‘n® hnhm-Zß - ƒ ho-≠pw k-Po-ha - m-hp-Ib - m-Wv. C-Xv kw_-‘n® cm-jv{So-bh - pw aX-km-ap-Zm-bn-Ih - pw \nba-]c - h - p-amb Xe-ßf - n¬ ]p-Xnb kw-`h hn-Im-kß - ƒ D-≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. ]-›n-aL - ´ kwc£-WØ - n-\v G-Xv dn-t∏m¿-´m-Wv kzoI-cn-°p-∂s - X-∂v A-dn-bn-°W - s - a∂ \n¿-tZ-iw ]m-en-°m-ØX - n\v tZ-iob l-cnX {Sn-_yq-W¬ tI-{μ h-\w ]-cn-ÿn-Xn a-{¥m-eb - Ø - n-\v ]ng-bn-´X - m-bpw \ne-]m-Sv hy‡-am-°m≥ ssh-In® tIc-fw, X-an-gv\m-Sv, I¿-Wm-SI - , a-lm-cm-jv{S No-^v sk-{I-´d- n-am¿-°v t\m´o-kv Ab-®X - m-bpw hm¿Ø h-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. ae-_m-dn-se I-tØm-en-°m ]-≈n-If - pw Km-UvKn¬ dn-t∏m¿-´n-s\-Xn-cm-bn CS-bt- e-J\ - w hm-bn-®Xm-bn A-dn-bp-∂p. t\-cs - Ø C-Sp-°n-bn-epw Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-epw I¿-jI hn-cp-≤a - mb Cu dn-t∏m¿´n-s\ F-Xn¿°-Ws - a∂ B-lzm-\h - p-am-bn CS-bt- e-J\ - ß - ƒ - hm-bn-°s - ∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. 2013 Pq-sse 18s‚ tZ-iob l-cnX {Sn-_yq-We - n-s‚ hn-[n-bn¬ C-ßs - \ ]d-bp-∂p. "`c-WL - S- \ - b - p-sS 21-˛mw A\p-tO-Zw A-\p-kc - n-®v Po-hn-°m-\p≈ Ah-Im-iw F-∂X - v \√ ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-°p≈ Ah-Im-iw Iq-Snbm-Wv. A-Xn-\m¬ Po-hn-°m-\p≈ Ah-Im-iw Dd-∏m-°p-∂X - n-s‚ `mK-am-bn ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-sb kwc£n-t°-≠X - m-Wv. F-∂m¬ \n¿-`m-Ky-hi - m¬ \-Ωp-sS `c-Wk - w-hn-[m-\ß - f - pw Ah ssI-Im-cyw sN-øp∂ cm-jv{Sob ]m¿-´n-If - pw Ir-Xy-amb H-cp \ne-]m-Sv kzoI-cn-°mØ ÿn-Xn XpS-cp-Ib - p-amWv. Cu kml-Nc - yw ]-cn-jØ - n-s‚ Im-cy-amb CS-s]-S¬ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p. \-Ωp-sS \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ e-Lp-te-Jb - n-eq-sS-bpw ]-{X-°p-dn-∏p-If - n-eq-sS-bpw hy‡-am-°n-bX - m-Wv. A-ßn-ßm-bn Nne ]-cn-]mSn-Iƒ kwL-Sn-∏n-®v hni-Zo-Ic - n-°p-Ib - pw sN-bvXn-´p-≠v. sk-]vXw-_¿ 27, 28 Xob-Xn-If - n-em-bn C-Sp°n Pn√-bn¬ H-cp hml-\P - mY kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-Ib - p-≠m-bn. P\-ßf - n¬ \n-∂v F-Xn¿-∏p-Iƒ {]-Xo£n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n-epw A-Xn¬ \n-∂pw hy-Xy-kvXa - m-bn-cp-∂p A-\p-`h - w. ]-cn-jØ - v F-¥p ]d-bp∂p-sh-∂v tIƒ-°m≥ [m-cm-fw t]¿ kzoI-cW tI-{μ-ßf - n¬ H-Øp-Iq-Sp-Ib - p-≠m-bn. ]-cn-jØ - v kw-km-cn-°p-∂X - v P\-߃-°v th-≠n-bm-sW∂ t_m-[y-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ C-\n-bpw G-sd Im-cy-߃ sN-øm-\p-≠v. ]-›n-aL - ´- Ø - n-se sXc-s™-Sp-°s - ∏´ ]-©m-bØ - p-If - n¬ Km-UvKn¬ ip-]m¿i-Iƒ F-ßs - \ _m-[n-°p-sa-∂v A-dn-bp-∂X - n-\m-bp≈ ]-T\ - w \m-ta-s‰-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-Ib - m-Wv. Km-UvKn¬ dnt∏m¿-´n-s‚ ae-bmf ]-cn-`mj A-®S- n ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. G-Xm-\pw ]p-kvXI - ß - f - pw e-Lp-teJ-If - pw C-\n-bpw Bh-iy-am-bn-hc - pw. Ch D]-tbm-Ks - ∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠p≈ A-Xn-hn-]p-ea - mb ]-›na-L´ kwc-£W Iymº-bn≥ A-[n-Iw ssh-Im-sX \-ap-°v G-s‰-Sp-°m≥ km-[n-°W - w. "`q-an s]m-Xp kz-Øv' F∂ Iymº-bn-\n¬ `q-hn-\n-tbm-Kw kw_-‘n-®v \mw ap-t∂m-´p-sh® \ne-]m-Sp-Iƒ tIc-fØ - n-s‚ hnI-k\ - h - p-am-bn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn N¿® sN-øm-\p≈ aq¿Ø-amb kmlN-cy-am-Wv Im-b¬ I-Ωo-j≥, Km-UvKn¬ I-Ωn-‰n Ch-bn-eq-sS ap-∂n¬ sX-fn-™n-cn-°p-∂X - v, \h-en_-d¬ Im-es - Ø "N¥-®ß - mØ'Øn-s‚ N´-°q-Sn¬ am-{Xw hnI-k\ - s - Ø t\m-°n-°m-Wp-∂h - ¿s°-Xn-cm-bn "kp-ÿn-ca - mb hnI-k\ - h - pw hn-th-I] - q¿W-amb kwc-£W - h - pw' F∂ hn-im-ea - mb hnI-k\ k-ao-]\ - Ø - n-te-°v tI-cf P\-Xs - b D-b¿-Øp-∂X - n-\m-bn \-ap-°v B-flm¿Y-amb ]-cn-{ia-ßf - n¬ G¿-s∏-Smw.
]mcn-j-Øn-Im-`n-hm-Z-\-ß-tfmsS
hn.hn.{io\n-hm-k≥ P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn
IÆq¿ Pn√m ktΩf\Øn\p≈ Acn ssPh-Ir-jn-bn-eqsS I-Æq¿ Pn-√m k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-\p≈ A-cn ssPh s\¬-Ir-jn-bn-eq-sS DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-hm-\p≈ {]-h¿-Ø\ ]-≤X - n-Iƒ I-Sq¿ bq-\n-‰n¬ B-cw`n-®p. A-cb - n-SØ - p-Nnd ]m-St- i-Jc - Øv 60 sk-‚ v ÿ-ew C-Xn-\m-bn H-cp-°n-°-gn-™p. hn-Øn-S¬ ]-cn]m-Sn-bn¬ bq-\n-‰v {]-h¿-Ø-I¿s°m-∏w ta-Je - m I-Ωn-‰n Aw-Kß - -
fpw _m-et- h-Zn Iq-´p-Im-cpw ]-¶mfn-If - m-bn. bq-\n-‰v sk-{I-´c - n a-t\mPv.sI.sF.kzm-K-Xw B-iw-kn-®p. {]-kn-U-‚ v hn.hn.t{]-a-cm-P≥ A≤y-£X - h - l - n-®p. ta-Je - m sk-{I-´cn kn.ap-c-fo-[-c≥, Pn-√m I-Ωn-‰n Aw-Kw sI.kn. ]-fl\ - m-`≥ F-∂nh¿ tN¿- ∂ v D- Z v L m- S - \ w \n¿Δln®p.
kwÿm\ {]h¿Ø-II - ymºv kzmK-Xk - wLw Hm^okv DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp
kzmK-Xk - wLw Hm^okv Djm-Ip-amcn DZvLm-S\w sNøp∂p
imkv{X-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-£-Øns‚ kwÿm\ {]h¿ØI Iymºns‚ kzmK-X-kwLw Hm^okv IS-º\mSv {Kma-]© - m-bØv {]kn-U‚ v Djm-Ip-amcn DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp. kw-ÿm-\{- ]-kn-U‚ v tUm. F≥.sI. iin-[c - ≥ ]n≈, Pn√m-{]-knU‚ v F≥.- s I.- c m- t P- { μ- I p- a m¿,
tªm°v ]©m-bØv AwKw sI. kpPm-X, s{]m^. Pn. _me-Irjv W ≥\m- b ¿, tUm. sI. ]n. IrjvW≥Ip-´n, F.-sI.-tKm-]m-e≥, s{]m^. Sn.-B¿. cXv\w, A\n¬ kn. sI.-s_m-°m-tdm, kn.-sI. \Scm-P≥, kptc-jvIp-am¿ F∂n-h¿ kwkm-cn-®p.
A‘-hn-izm-kß - ƒs°-Xn-cmb hnizm-kß - ƒ i‡n-s∏-Sp-ØWw t]Pv 1 ¬ \n∂pw XpS¿® im-kv{X ]-T-\w sIm-≠p-am-{Xw im-kv{X-t_m-[-ap-≠m-Ip-∂n-√. imkv{X-hpw k-aq-l-hpw X-Ωn-ep≈ _‘w a\- n-em-°m-sX im-kv{X-t\-´ß-sf [\ k-ºm-Z\ - Ø - n-\p≈ D-]m[n-bm-bn am-{Xw Im-Wp-I-bm-Wv. sFtkm¨ [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hc-hn-s\°p-dn-®v sFF-kv-B¿-Hm bn-se imkv{X-⁄-\m-bn-cp∂ ]n.-Fw.-kn-≤m¿∞≥ ¢m-s -Sp-Øp. hS-°≥ Pn√I-fn-se dn-tkm-gvkv t]-gvk≥-am¿°p≈ kw-ÿm-\-Xe ]-cn-io-e-\Øn¬ 75 t]-cm-Wv ]-s¶-Sp-Ø-Xv. hm\ \n-co-£-W-Øn-\v Kw-Km-[c≥ sh-≈q¿, sI.-hn.-Fk - v I¿-Øm F-∂n-h¿ t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In. sÃ-t√dn-bw tkm-^v‰vshb-dn-s‚ D-]-tbm-KsØ-°p-dn-®v Fw.-]n.-kn. \-ºym¿, [qa-tI-Xp-°-fp-sS N-cn-{X-sØ-°p-dn®v {]-Pn-Øv N-{μ≥ F-∂n-h¿ ¢m-s Sp-Øp. kuc-bq-Y-sØ-°p-dn-®v tSm-
an hb-\m-Spw kuc-bq-Y-Øn-\-∏p-dw F∂ hn-jb-Øn¬ Sn.-sI.-tZ-h-cm-P\pw ¢m- s - S p- Ø p. ]- I ¬k- a b tPym-Xn-»m-kv{X {]-h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ-°v Xpf-ko-[-c-\pw tIm-a-‰v {Im-^v‰n-\v sI-hn-F-kv I¿-Øm-bpw t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In. ]ø-∂q¿ B-kvt{Sm hm\-\nco-£W tI-{μ-Øn-s‚ {]-h¿Ø-\ß-sf-°p-dn-®v Ub-dI - vS¿ Kw-Km-[c - ≥ sh-≈q¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. A-Jn-te¥ym-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ \S-°p∂ sFkv Hm¨ tIm-a‰- v sF-tkm¨ ]-cn]m-Sn-sb-°p-dn-®v F-sF-]n-F-kv-F≥ P\- d ¬ sk- { I- ´ - d n Sn.- K w- K m- [ - c ≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. Sn.-hn.-\m-cm-b-W≥ Iym- º v Ub- c - I v S - d m- b n. ]ø- ∂ q¿ hm\-\n-co-£W tI-{μw sN-b¿-am≥ ]m-hq¿ \m-cm-b-W≥, F.-Fw.-_m-eIr-jvW≥, sI.-tKm-]n, hm-kp-°p-´≥ am-ÿ, kn.-l-cn, Sn.-ssk-\p-≤o≥ F∂n-h¿ t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In.
5 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
tI-cf ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n ]-cn-jv°c- W - h - pw A-ko-kv I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿´pw ˛ ]-gb ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n-°m-ew H∂v Hm¿Øp-t\m-°q ˛ "As I am suffering from fever and headache...' F∂ Hcp Ah-[n-bt- ]£ am-{Xw tIcf-Øn-se Ip´n-Is - f-gp-Xnb Im-ew! -˛ h-≠v ˛ "A-fn', "{`-a-cw' F∂v sNm-√n-∏T - n® Im-ew ˛ B¿°v {]-tbm-P\ - w? ˛ 1992 B-Kà - v 20\v ae-∏p-dw Pn√-bn¬ 1052 hn-Zym-eb - ß - f - n¬ H-cp k¿-sh \-S∂p ˛ 3 apX¬ 7 h-sc ¢m-kn-se Ip´n-Iƒ-°n-Sbn¬. 2,84,875 t]-cn¬ 1,28,473 t]¿- ° v A£- c - ⁄ m- \ - a n- √ F∂m-Wv I-s≠-Øn-bX - v. A-Xmb-Xv 45% t]¿ ! ("AΩ-X≥ aWn-°p´≥' F∂ ]-cn-]m-Sn XpSßn-b-Xv C-h¿-°v A£-c-ap-d-∏n°m≥) ˛ Np-cp-°Ø - n¬ 'A£-c∏ - pe-cn'-I-fn¬ Ah-km-\n-®, kzX{¥-am-bn H-cp I-tØm Ip-dn-t∏m ]-co-£W dn-t∏m¿t´m c - ≠ - p-hc - n ]mt´m hy-Xy-kvXa - mb h-gn-°W - t°m Ip´n-Iƒ sN-øm-Xn-cp∂ B Im-ew A-{X-sbm∂pw AIse-b√. ˛ th-dn´ ]mX-bn-te-°v k-ss[-cyw Im-se-Sp-Øp-sh-bv°m≥ DPEP \nan-Ø-am-bn. ˛ Ip´n-I-fp-sS -{]-Ir-Xw F¥m-Wv, ]T-\{- ]-{Inb F-¥m-Wv, So-®¿ sN-tø-≠s - X-¥v, F-ßs - \ hne-bn-cp-Ø-Ww ˛ Xp-S-ßn ]pXnb Nn¥-Iƒ, Im-gvN∏ - m-Sp-Iƒ. ˛ H∂mw ¢m- n¬ D-Zv{K-Y\ - co-Xn, `m-jm-]T - \ - Ø - n-\v- B-ib - mh- X - c W co- X n, K- W n- X - Ø n- \ v ELPS, im-kv{X-Øn¬ s{]m-PI - vSv k-{º-Zm-bw, `m-jm-]T-\-Øn-\v ka-{K-`m-jm Z¿i-\w... ˛ ]e t- Im-Wp-If - n¬ \nv F-Xn¿-∏pIƒ ˛ ]-gb A-°m-Za - n-jy-∑m¿, ]Wn-sb-Sp-°m≥ a-Sn-bp≈ D-tZymK-ÿ¿, io-ew-am-‰m≥ a-Sn-bp-≈A-[ym-]I - ¿, temI-_m-¶v ]-≤X - nsb∂ \ne- b n¬ F- X n¿- Ø mep≈ em-`w t\m-°nb X - o-{h-cm{„o-b A-cm-PI - h - m-Zn-Iƒ, thm´pcm-{„o-bØ - n-s‚ em-`w t\m-°nb {]-Xn-]£ - I - £ - n-Iƒ, Cw-•o-jv aoUn-bw ˛ kz-Im-cy hn-Zym-eb - Ø - ns‚- A-\p-Iq-en-Iƒ ˛ Ch-sc-√mw tN¿∂p- ≠ mb {]- X n- t ema ap∂Wn-bm-bn-cp∂p "P\-Iob {]-Xntcm[ k-an-Xn.' ˛- 2001 ¬ ]p-Xnb k¿-°m¿ h∂p ˛ ]-cn-jvIc - W - w XS-tb-≠X - v Ah-cp-sS cm-{„o-b- _m-[yX ˛ 8˛mw ¢m- n-se ]mT-]p-kvX-Iw ]n≥h-en-°m≥ {i-an-®p ˛ 2005¬ t{K- U n- ß v G¿- s ∏- S p- t Ø- ≠ n h∂- t ∏m- g p≈ Nm- © m´w˛ F∂m¬ hn-Zym-`ymk {]-h¿ØI¿ H∂n-®p \n-∂t∏mƒ A-sX√mw Xn-cp-tØ-≠n-h∂ - p. ˛ F∂m¬ tZ-io-b- ]-cn-jv°m-cß - ƒ ap-t∂m´p-t]m-bX - v tIc-fw- Im´nb hgn-bn-eq-sS ˛ CBSE t{K-Un-ßn-te-°v amdn, ]-Ømw-Xc - w ]-co£ \n¿_‘-a-√m-Xm-°n, CCE \S-∏n-em°m≥ ]≤-Xn-bp-≠m-°n. ˛ NCERT ˛ 2000¬ NDA Im- e - s Ø ]- c n- j v I - c - W - Ø n¬ Xs∂ ⁄m\- \ n¿- a n- X n- h m- Z w kzoI-cn-®p. 2005¬ A-Xv i‡-ambn ap-t∂m´p sIm-≠p-t]m-b-Xp Iq-Sm-sX hn-a¿i-\m-flI t_m[\-hpw (Critical Pedagogy - CP), km-aq-ly-⁄m-\-\n¿-an-Xn, CCE F∂nh ap-t∂m´p sh-®p. ˛ 2006¬ CS-Xp-k¿-°m¿ h∂p ˛ hn-Zym-`ymk h-Ip-∏v ap-JyI-£n G-s‰-Sp-Øp. SSA sb NSp- e - a m- ° n ˛ SCERT bn¬ s{]m^. Fw.F Jm-Zs - d sIm-≠ph-∂p. tUm.-cm-P≥ Kp-cp-°ƒ, ssa-°nƒ Xc-I≥ XpS-ßn-bh - s - c k¿h-Ie - m-im-eI -- f - n¬ hn kn amcm-°n ˛ H‰ CBSE kvIq-fpw A\p-hZ- n-°n-s√∂- \n-e] - m-sS-Sp-Øp. NCERT \n¿- t Z- i - a - \ p- k - c n- ® v KCF -2007 \n¿-an-°m≥ \S-]-Sn kzoI-cn-®p ˛ SIEMAT - IT@ kvIqƒ {]-h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ k-Po-ham-°n ˛ Np-cp-°-Øn¬ s]m-Xphn-Zym-`ym-kw i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ A\- h - [ n \S- ] - S n- I ƒ ssIs°m≠ Im-ew ˛ KCF se Nph-Sp-sh-∏v
˛ F- ß - s \ Critical pedegogy km-[y-am-°pw F∂ tNm-Zyw tIc-fØ - n-se A-°m-Za - njy-∑m¿ G-s‰-Sp-Øp ˛ A-Xm-Wv {]-iv\m-[n-jvTnX k-ao-]\ - Ø - n-te°v \-sΩ F-Øn-®X - v ˛ tI-cf - w A-`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-°p∂ {]-iv\ß - ƒ en-Ãp sN-bvXp ˛ Ah-bp-sS {]mtZ-inI A-¥¿-tZ-iob am\-߃ IW-°n-se-Sp-Øp ˛ {]-iv\ß - s - f F´p taJ-eI - f - n-em-°n Xn-cn-®p ˛ ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n cw-KØ - v H-cp "tI-cfm tam-U¬' \n¿-an-°s - ∏´p ˛ A-Xv km-aq-ly-⁄m\ \n¿an-Xn-sb ap∂n¬ \n¿-Øm≥ tIcf-sØ t{]-cn-∏n-®p. H-tc-k-a-bw A-°m-Za - n-Ih - pw km-aq-ly-ho-£W-]-c-hp-amb H-cp Nph-Sp-sh-∏v B-bn-cp∂p A-Xv. ˛ hn-a¿i-\ß - ƒ D-b¿∂p ˛ cm-jv{So-b A - X - n-{]-kc - w, A£-cw Dd-bv°p∂-n-√, CCE {]tbm-KØ - n¬ h-cp∂-n√.. -˛ ]-cn-lmc {]-h¿Ø-\-߃ A∏t∏mƒ G-s‰-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn ˛ "aX-an-√mØ Po-h≥' hn-hmZ-am-bt- ∏mƒ ]mT-]p-kvXI - Ø - n¬ am-‰w h-cp-Øn ˛ H∂mw ¢m-kn¬ A£-c-ap-d-°p∂-n√ F∂ hna¿i-\a - p-≠m-bt- ∏mƒ "Zni' F∂ tkm-gvkv _p-°v Cd-°n ˛ `m-jmti-jn sa®-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ F-Un-‰nßv i-‡a - m-°n , Xp-S¿-aq-ey-\n¿W-bw i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ "]-Sh - v' aq-ey-\n¿-Wb k-lm-bn C-d° - n˛ hn-Zym-`ym-kØ - n¬ LSG °v ]-¶v \¬-Im≥ {i-an-®p ˛ 2011¬ ]p-Xnb k¿-°m¿ ˛ s]m-Xp hn-Zym-`ym-k-sØ Zp¿_-es - ∏-Sp-Øp∂ \nc-h[ - n \S]-Sn-Iƒ (tIm¿∏-td-‰p-Is - f kzmK-Xw sN-ø¬, CBSE-°v NOC, kz¥-°m-sc Xn-cp-In-°b - ‰- ¬) ˛ Iq´- Ø n¬ ]m- T y- ] - ≤ - X n am- ‰ psa∂ {]-Jym-]\ - w. ˛ ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n am-‰m≥ sN-bvXX - v ˛ Xmc-Xa - yw sN-øm≥ {i-aw XpS-ßn. A-t∏m-tg-bv°pw KSSP, KSTA ]T-\ß - ƒ ]p-dØ - p h∂p. kz-¥w ]-T-\w ]q-gvØn-sh-t°≠n h∂p ˛ A- k o- k v I- Ω n- ‰ n- s b \ntbm-Kn-®p. Pn√-If - n¬ A-`n-{]m-bti-Jc - W - w \S-Øn. "\n¿-Zn„ {]iv\t- a-Je - I - f - n-em-bn) Ah-Xc - n-∏n®n-´p≈ ]m-Ty-hn-jb - w/ D≈S-°w ^e-{]-Za - m-bn hn-\n-ab - w sN-øm≥ km-[n-°m-dp-t≠m?' '`mj-bp-sS hymI- c - W w a\- n- e m- ° m- s Xbp≈ ]-T\ - w am-Xr-`m-jb - √ - m-Øh-bp-sS Bg-Øn-ep≈ ]T-\Ø - n\pw kzmw-io-I-c-W-Øn-\pw klm-bI - a - m-tWm?' XpS-ßnb GI]-£o-ba - mb tNm-Zy-߃! (GI- ] - £ o- b - a mb tNm- Z y߃ K-th-jW X-Øz-߃-°v F-Xn-cv? C-ht- cm "hn-ZK - v[' k-anXn!) A-Xn-s‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep≠m-°nb "k-ao-]-\-tcJ'bn¬ "`m-jm-]-T-\-Øn¬ Bi-b-{K-lWw {]I-S\ - w F∂n-hb - vs°m-∏w hm-b\, F-gp-Øv XpS-ßnb ss\]p-Wn-I-fpw hnI-kn-°p∂--Xn-\v {]m-[m-\yw \¬-tI-≠X - m-Wv' XpSßnb A_-≤-{]-kvXm-h-\-Iƒ (P-22) (hm-b\ Bi-b{- K-lW - a - t- √? F-gp-Øv Bi-b{- ]-IS- \ - a - t- √!) ˛- dn-t∏m¿´v h-cpw-ap-tº ]mT]p-kvXI - \ - n¿-am-Ww XpS-ßn. (2013 B-Kà - v 30\m-Wv dn-t∏m¿´v Cd-ßnb-Xv) ˛ A-ko-kv I-Ωn-‰n dn-t∏m¿´n-s‚ D≈d-I-fn-te-°v ˛ CS-Xp-`c - W - I - m-eØ - v \nb-an°-s∏´ KN ]-Wn-°¿ IΩn-‰n ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n am-‰m≥- ap-tº ]d-™p-sh∂p h-cp-Øm≥ {i-an®p. "Major observations' F∂v {]- t bm- K w˛ ]- t £ recomantation' F∂v `m-hw ˛ 10 ¬ 3 F-Æw am-{Xw sI F≥ ]Wn- ° ¿ I- Ω n- ‰ n- b p- s S Recommentation ({]m-tZ-in-IX - bp-sS {]m-[m-\yw Ipd-bv°¬, \√- N n- { Xo- I - c - W w A®- S n, TB bv°v ]o-cn-tbm-Un-Iv dn-hn-j≥ F∂nh am-{Xw ip-]m¿i-If - n¬ \n∂v) - _m-°n-sb-√mw A - ] - {- K-Y\-`mK-Øp-\n∂pw t- _m[-]q¿-hw A-S¿-Øn-sb-Sp-ØX - v. ˛ C-Xv kXy-k‘ - X - b - n-√m-bva ˛ H-cp hnZ-
Kv[k - a - n-Xn-°v tbm-Pn-°m-ØX - v (KSTA hnh-cm-hI - m-iw- h-gn tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ sI.-F≥ ]-Wn°¿ I-Ωn-‰n ]m-Ty-]-≤-Xn ]-cnjv°c - W - w ip-]m¿i sN-bvXn-´ns√∂v ]d-tb-≠n h∂p.) ˛ sI kn F-^n-s\ Ip-dn-®v +ve B-bn H∂pw ]d-bp∂-n√ - . hn-a¿i\-߃ am-{Xw ˛ (D≈-S° - Ø - n¬ Xp-S¿®-bn-√, ]c-kv]c - _ - ‘ - a - n-√, ]mT-]p-kvXI - ß - ƒ hmb-\° - m-sc t{]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p∂-n√ - , CCE °v guideline C√, Art XpS-ßn-bh tIm˛I-cn-°p-e¿ hnj-bß - ƒ am{Xw ˛ ]-cn-io-e\ - w- B-hi - ym-[njvTn-Xa - √ - F∂n-ßs - \, ICT D]tbm-Kn-°p∂-n√ - , `mj-bn¬ A-SnØ-db - p-≠m-hp∂-n√ - , A-Sn-ÿm\ `m-jm-ti-jn-Iƒ hf-cp∂n√ ˛ ]mT-]p-kvXI - Ø - n¬ {K-ln-°m-\mhmØ ]mT-߃, D-Zv{K-Y\ - w k¶o¿-Ww, Un-kvtIm-gvkv co-Xn KpW-{]Z-a√ ) ˛ C-{X GI-]£ - obX F-¥n-\v? ˛ Cu hn-a¿i-\ß - ƒ-°v ASn-ÿm-\s - a-¥v ? F-¥m-Wv sX-fnhv? F-hn-sS A-t\z-jn-®p ? F-{X kvIqƒ \n-co-£n-®p? ]m-Ty-]-≤Xn-bp-sS F-Xn-cm-fn-If - n¬ t_m[]q¿-hw \n∂pw F-gp-Xn-hm-ßn® Nne {]-Xn-Ic - W - ß - f - p-sS am-{Xw A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ C-ß-s\ {]kvXm-hn-°p∂-Xv i-cn-tbm ? ˛ "Nne hnj-bß - f - n-se- Nn-eA-[ym-b-߃ ka-b-Øn-\-Iw Xo¿-°m-\m-hn√' ˛ F-¶n¬ Ah G-sXm-s°-sb∂v ]dtb-≠X - n√ ? "overcrowded ¢m-kvap-dn'°v ]cn-lm-cw ]-cn-jv°c - W - a - m-tWm? ˛ ]-T\ dn-t∏m¿´p-Iƒ a-dn-®-p ]-dbp∂p ˛- ASER, EducationaI Initiative, NCERT F∂nh-bp-sS ]T-\߃ tI-cf - w hn-Zym-`ymk \ne-hm-cØn¬ ap∂n-se∂v B-h¿-Øn-®p ]dbp∂-p ˛ (Sn.]n I-em-[-cs‚ learningpointnew.blogspot.in F∂ tªm-Kn¬ Xnc-™m¬ hni-Zmwi-߃ e-`n-°pw.) ˛ NCF 2005 ]p-Xp-°n h∂n-´n-√t- √m' ˛ A-Xp-hs - c Im-Øn-cp-∂p- Iq-tS? ˛ K.N ]-Wn-°¿ ]d-™X - p t\m-°q ˛ "¢m- vdqw K-th-j-W-sØbpw hn-a¿i-\m-flI - a - mb hne-bncp- Ø - e n- s ‚- b pw A- S n- ÿ m- \ Øn¬ ]mT-]p-kvX-I-߃ CSbv°n-sS dn-hn-j\ - v hn-t[-ba - m-°Ww. C-°m-cy-Øn-\m-bn Hm-tcm hnj-bØ - n-\pw 3 ap-X¬ 5 h-sc AwK-ßf - S- ß - nb hn-ZK - v[ k-an-XnI-sf \n-tbm-Kn-°m-hp--∂Xm-Wv' 3.6 (P-17) C-ßs - \ sN-ømam-bn-cp∂-n-t√? (A-t∏mƒ ]m-Ty]-≤-Xn-bpw ]mT-]p-kvX-I-ß-fpw am‰-Ww F - ∂ - Xv cm-{„ob Xo-cpam-\a - m-Wv !) ˛ F-¥m-Wv A-ko-kv I-Ωn-‰n kzoIcn-®n-cn-°p∂ A-Sn-ÿm\ k-ao-]\ - w? ˛ tIm¿ I-Ωn-‰n-bn¬ SCERT \¬-Inb Ip-dn-∏n¬ ]d-bp∂-p. "\ne-hn-ep≈ I-cn-°p-eØn¬ Critical Pedagogy bpw Social Constructivism Dw F∂m¬ h-cm≥ t]m-Ip-∂Xn¬ constructivism am-{Xw. ˛ F-¥p-sIm-≠v Critical Pedagogy C√? ˛- "Critical Pedagogy F-√mbn-S-Øpw {]-tbm-Kn-°m-\m-hn-√. A-Xm-I-s´,- {i-≤m-]q¿-hw ssIIm-cyw sN-bvXn-s√-¶n¬ Ip´nIfn¬ tZmj-I-c-amb ^-ew sNøpw. ]T-\s - a-∂Xv hn-a¿i-\m-flI-Nn¥ h-f¿-ج am-{X-am-bnØo-cpw' t]-Pv 33 ˛ F-√m-bn-SØ - pw {]-tbm-Kn-°W-sa∂v B-cv ]-d™ p? F-¥v tZmj-amWv D-≠m-°n-bn-´p-≈X - v? hn-a¿i\m- fl I Nn- ¥ - b v s °m- ∏ w as‰m∂pw \- S - ° n- t √? F- ¶ n¬ NCF Xn-cp-Øn-sb-gp-tX-≠n h-cnt√? ˛- Critical Pedagogy C-s√¶n¬ NCF 2- 005 C√! Im-cW - w F≥ kn F- ^ n- s ‚ B- fl m- h v Critical Pedagogy ˛ F- ¥ p- s Im- ≠ v social constructivism ]-‰n√? "F-√m-hn[ [mc-W-Iƒ-
°pw -F-√m-bvt∏m-gpw A-Xv hgßn√' F∂v ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p t]-Pv .- 33 ˛ G-Xv [mc-W-Iƒ? F-¥psIm- ≠ p hg- ß n- √ ?. F- ¶ n¬ temI-am-sI Pedagogy bn¬ hºn® Xn-cp-Øe - p-Iƒ th-≠n-hc - pa-t√m? ˛- "All student oriented practice are to be scaffolded for getting the potential/ proximal devpt. So learner centeredness using appropriate teachers guidance should be the essence of all pedagogies' C-Xp i-cn-sb¶n¬ Social constructivism F¥m-Wv Ipg-∏w? (C-tX dn-t∏m¿"n¬ t]-Pv 35 ¬ social constructivism \v A\p-Iq-ea - m-bpw ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p! Np-cp-°Ø - n¬ I-Ωn-‰n-°v ÿeP-eh - n-{`m-¥n ]n-Sn-s]-´n-cn-°p∂p.) ˛ "Quality pedagogy' bp-sS k-hnti-jX - I - f - m-bn Nne Im-cy-߃ Xmsg tN¿Ø-hn-[w th-sdm-cn-SØ - v ]d™n-cn-°p∂-p. ( t]-Pv 34) ˛- ]T-\t- \-´Øn-\p tbm-Pn® ]mT-`m-K-߃ ˛ Ip´n-If - p-sS ]-¶m-fn-Øw ˛ So-®¿ Nn-t¥m-±o-]I - a - mb DNn-Xa - mb tNm-Zy-ßf - p-b¿-Øp∂p; am-XrI Im-Wn-°p∂p. hni-Zo-Icn-°p-∂p. ˛ kw- h m- Z - Ø n- e q- s S- b p≈ ]T-\Ø - n-\v Du∂¬ ˛ hy-‡n-K-X-am-bpw kwLØn-epw kw-km-cn-°m≥ Ah-kcw ˛ kzX-{¥-am-bpw- D-Øc - h - m-ZnØ-t_m-[t- Øm-sS-bp-ap-≈] - T - \ - w G-s‰-Sp-°¬ ˛ CS- b v ° n- s S- b p≈ t{]m’m-l\ - w (Ch-bm-Wv Quantity pedagogy bpsS {]-tXy-IX - I - s - f-¶n¬ F-¥n-\v KCF am-‰W - w F∂ tNmZyw {]k-‡a - m-Ip∂p? Im-cW - w KCF \v Cu {]-tXy-IX - I - f - n-t√ ?) ˛ \ne-hn-ep≈ ]m-Ty-]≤ - X - n-s°-Xn-scbp≈ B-t£-]ß - ƒ F-s¥∂-m¬ ˛ "H-‰a - m-XrI' kzoI-cn-°p∂p (t]-Pv˛35) ˛- ]T-\-t\-"-ß-ƒ Dd-∏p-h-cpØp-n√ ˛ A£-c-t_m-[w, ]Z-t_m[w, A°-t_m-[w, F-gp-Øv C√. ˛ Hm¿-a-bv°v {]m-[m-\y-an√ (t]-Pv 33) ˛-- So®-dp-sS tdmƒ Ir-Xy-am-bn \n¿h-Nn-®n-´n-√. (t]-Pv 33) ˛ {]-iv\m-[n-jvTnX k-ao-]\ - w So®-dp-sS kzmX-{¥y-sØ l-\n°p∂-p(t]-Pv 33) (Ch-sb-√mw Dulm-t]ml-߃ am-{Xw. I-Ωn-‰n F{X ¢m-kv ap-dn-If - n¬ I-bd- n Imcy-߃ a\- n-em-°m≥ {i-an®p?) ˛- ]-cn-lm-cw F-¥v F∂m-Wv I-Ωn-‰n°v ]d-bm-\p-≈s - Xp t\m-°mw ˛ "Outcome focussed approach' (t]-Pv.2- 3) (Outcome k-ao-]\ - w ]g-b hy-hl - m-ch - m-Za - m-sW∂v ]-d™ v NCF ¬ Xs∂ X-≈n-bn-´p-≠v. ] - I-cw ⁄m\-\n¿-an-Xn ap-t∂m-´ph-®p.) ˛ "Multi methodology instruction' (t]-Pv.-11,12) thWsa∂p ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p (Constuctivism H-cp ]T-\k-ao-]\ - a - m-Wv. A-Xn-\I - Ø - p hcp∂ hn-hn[ method I-fm-Wv \nco-£W - w, N¿®, kw-hm-Zw, s{]m- P - Œ v XpS- ß n- b - h . BI- b m¬ H‰ methodology F∂ hm-Zw i-cn-b√ - . saØ-tUmf-Pn ]e-Xm-Wv. k-ao-]-\-am-Wv GI-am-b-Xv. ]e k-ao-]-\-߃ ]m-Sn-√t√m.) ˛- B e h a v i o u r i s m , constuctivism, Cognitivism, humanism - Ch-bp-sS an-I® LS-Iß - ƒ Iq´n-t®¿-°W - a - t- {X ! (F-ßs - \ tN-cpw? P-\m-[n-]X - y-hpw G-Im-[n-]X - y-hpw tN-cp-tam?) ˛ So®-¿° - v C-jvSa - p≈ saØtUm-fP - n kzoI-cn-°m≥ kzm-X{¥yw \¬-In-bn-cn-°p∂p! 'The instructional deci-
sion making is a right of the teacher, if the state impose pedagogy - for the practitioners. It would be against the professional Rights and ethics of the teaching communiity' ˛ kzm-X{- ¥yw So-®¿-°v \nehn-ep≠.v F∂m¬ C-t∏mƒ ]dbp∂ kzm-X{- ¥yw- A-]I - S- I - c - w. (-aS- n-b∑ - m¿ F-fp-∏h - g- n tXSpw. ]-gb co-Xn hym]-Ia - m-hpw. B-cpw t\m-°m-\p-an-√. ]m-Ty-]≤ - Xn s]m-fn-bpw) ˛ Ah-km-\w 21˛mw \q-‰m-≠nse pedagogy Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn°p∂p!(t]-Pv.36) ˛ {]-iv\] - c - n-lc - W - - ti-jn hf¿-Øp-I. ˛ t{]m-PI - v‰v A-[n-jvTn-Xa - mb ]-T\ - w kzoI-cn-°p-I. ˛ kl-h¿-Ø-\w t{]m-’mln-∏n-°p-I. ˛ D-b¿∂ Nn-¥m-ti-jn-Iƒ hnI-kn-∏n-°p-I. ˛ km-t¶-Xn-I- hn-Zy- D-]t- bmKn-°m≥ I-gn-hp-≠m-°p-I. ˛ kz-bw hne-bn-cp-Ø-en-eqsS-bpw ]c-kv]c hne-bn-cp-Øe - neq-sS-bpw hne-bn-cp-ج-ti-jn h-f¿-Øp-I. ˛ A-∏t- ∏mƒ hne-bn-cp-Øn aXn-bmb ^o-Uv_m-°p-Iƒ \¬Ip-I. (]n-bm-tj, -{_q-W¿, hnwKm-SvkvIn, Km¿-Uv\¿, tNmw-kvIn, s{^-b¿ F∂n-h-sc H-gn-hm-°n sIm-≠p-h∂-Xv H-cp kvIqƒ A[ym-]I - s - \; tªm-Kv hnZKv[s - \! F-s¥m-cp A-[x-]X-\w. A-bm-fm-Is´ ]p-Xp-Xm-bn H∂pw ]d-™n-´p-an-√. F-¥n-\v Cu \m-SI - w?) C- X p ]d- b m≥ sIm- ≠ ph∂- n - c n- ° p∂- X v Anderew churches F∂ sF.Sn A- [ njv T nX ]- T \ hnZ- K v [ - s \! (edorigami.edu.blog.org) t\m°p-I. (C-Xn-s‚ Bh-iy-sa-¥m-bncp∂p?). ˛ ^e-Øn¬ Ip-td I-k¿-Øp-Iƒ \S-Øn. ˛ ]p-Xnb \n¿-tZ-iß - f - p-sS Guiding principles NCF Xs∂, H-∏w sI.-kn.-F^ - v e-£y-ßf - pw F-Sp-Øp-tN¿-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. ˛"A-Xp ]-‰n√ C-Xp ]-‰n√' F-s∂m-s° ]-d™ p t\m-°n. ]t£ F-¥n-s\ H-gn-hm-°m≥ {ian-t®m A-Xn¬ Xs∂ ho-≠pw ho≠pw Ip-cp-ßn! (A-ß-s\ H-cp A-hn-b¬ k-ao-]-\-ap-≠m-°n.) ˛ F-√mw am-‰n-sh-®m¬ c≠v Im-cy-߃ \-sΩ kw_-‘n-®v {]-[m-\w: 1. {]- i v \ m- [ n- j v T nX ]T- \ sØ D-®m-S\ - w sN-bvXp-sIm-≠v, hn-a¿i-\m-flI t_m-[-\w H-gnhm-°n-s°m-≠v, tIh-em-ib - ß - fn-te-°v ]T-\s - Ø sIm-≠p- t]mIpw. ˛SS s\-bpw a-‰pw sh´n-shSn-∏m-°pw. 2. A-hn-b¬ k-ao-]\ - w AhX-cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠pw, information Xn-cp-In I-b-‰n-bpw, {]-{Inbm-[n-jvTnX ]-T-\w XS- -s∏-SpØp-Ib - pw a\-∏m-TØ - n-te-°v Xncn-®p-t]m-hp-Ib - pw sN-øpw. (5, 8 ¢m- n¬ ]-co£ h-cp-∂Xv C-Xn\p- h-gn-sh-bv°pw. C-Xv RTE °v F-Xn-cv) ˛ C-Xv c-≠pw tI-cf - w F-¥mtWm t\-Sn-b-Xv, tI-cf-Øn-se Ip´n-I-sf hy-Xy-kvX-cm-°n-b-Xv F-¥m-tWm A-Xn-√m-Xm-°pw. (c- £ n- X m- ° - s fbpw A-[ym-]I - s - c-bpw Xr-]vXn-s∏Sp-Øn Im-cyw km-[n-°p∂ X-{¥w Xp-d∂p Im´s∏-SW - w.) ˛ H- c p- ] - t £ h- c m≥ t]mIp∂ ]mT-]p-kvXI - ß - ƒ-°v ImgvNb - n¬ hy-Xym-kw Im-Wn-√m-bncn-°mw. F∂m¬ A-hn-b¬ kao-]-\-Øn-\v Ah-k-c-sam-cp-°n 1997 ap-X¬ 15 h¿-js - Ø \nc-¥c-amb A-[zm-\Ø - n-s‚ `mK-am-bn h-f¿-Øn-s°m-≠p-h∂ ]T-\-kao-]\ - w C-√m-Xm-Ipw. tijw t]Pv
7¬
6 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
tIma‰v lmIyp-tSIyp 1996 Pq-em-bv 30\v H-cp tPm-Un ss_-t\m-°p-e-sX-°p-`m-K-Øv \n∂pw I-s≠-Øn. B h¿-js - Ø hk¥-Im-eØ - v Cu sN-dnb \√ tim-`bp≈ [qa-tI-Xp 1.6- ˛3.2 In.-an (1-˛2 ssa¬) h-en-∏-ap≈ \yq-¢n-b- n-s\∏-‰n h-en-sbm-c-f-hv ]-Tn-®p. kuc-bqY-Øn-\p-≈n-te-°p-ff B-Zy bm-{X B-bn-cp-∂n-√. G-Xm-≠v 8000- h¿j߃-°v ap≥-]v C-Xv h-∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂m-Wv lm-Iyp-tS-Iyp-hn-s‚ ]Y-sØ°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\Ø - n¬ \n-∂pw imkv{X-PvR-∑m-sc-Ønb \n-K-a-\w.-C-\n 14000 h¿j-tØ-°v C-Xn-s‚ ]-Yw Cu [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s\ kq-cy-s‚ ASp-tØ-°v F-Øn-°p-I-bn-√.
tIma‰v lmen
- v F¥mWv [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ? [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ h-cp-∂X im-kv{X-⁄≥-am¿ {Kl-iI - e - w F-hn-sS- \n-∂v? (Planetesimal) F-∂p hn-fn-°p∂ Hcp sN-dnb temI-am-Wv [qa-tI-Xp AY-hm hm¬ \£-{Xw. [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ s]m-Sn-bpw, sF-kpw sI≠-v \n¿-Ωn°-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv. H-cp X-cw hr-ØnsI´ sF-kv t_mƒ. tIm-a-‰v ([-qatI-Xp ) F∂ hm-°v Xe-ap-Sn F∂¿∞-ap-ff - kometes F∂ {Ko-°v ]Z-Øn¬ \n-∂v h∂-Xm-Wv. ]p-cm-X\ Im-ew ap-X¬ X-s∂ P\-߃-°v kuc-bq-Y-Øn-ep≈ a-‰v sN-dnb hkvXp-°-sf Ad-n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw [qa-tI-Xp-°-sf-∏-‰n Ad-n-bm-ambn-cp-∂p. 240 _n.kn bn¬ X-s∂ ssN\-°m¿ lm-en-bp-sS hm¬ \£{X-Øn-s‚ k-μ¿-i\ - w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønbn-cp-∂p.H-gp-Ip∂ \o-≠-ap-Sn ]pd-Inep≈ \£- { X- ß - f m- b m- W v hm¬ \£-{X-ß-sf \-Ωp-sS ]q¿-hn-I¿ IW-°m-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. [qa-tI-Xp°ƒ `q-an-bp-sS A¥-co-£Ø - n-eq-sS k©-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv, \q-‰m-≠pI-tfm-fw im-kv{X-⁄¿ I-cp-Xn-bn-cp∂- X v . 1577- ˛ ¬ ssS- t °m {_m- t l F∂ U-®v hm\ \n-co-£-I-\m-Wv Xs‚ \n-co-£-W-Øn-eq-sS [qa-tI-Xp°ƒ b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬ N-{μ-\pw h-fsc A∏-pd-Øp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv k©-cn°p-∂-sX-∂v Im-Wn-®p X∂-Xv. [qa- t I- X p- ° ƒ H- c n- ° ¬ h∂m¬ ]n-∂o-Sv H-cn-°-epw Im-Wp-Ibn√ F-∂m-Wv F.Un 1500epw 1600 B-Zy-hpw hm-\\ - n-co-£I - ¿ I-cp-Xn-bncp-∂-Xv. H-cp [q-a-tI-Xp t\¿ tcJbn¬ kq-cy-s\ k-ao-]n-°p-Ib - pw kqcy-s\ Np-‰p-I-bpw ]n-∂o-Sv t\¿-]m-Xbn¬ _-ln-cm-Im-i-Øv A-{]-Xy-£am-Ip-I-bpw sN-øp-∂p-sh-∂v A-h¿ hn-iz-kn-®p.{]-ik - vX BwK-teb imkv{X-⁄≥ k¿ sF-k° - v \yq-´≥ (1642-˛1727) [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ kq-cy-\v Np-‰pw Zo¿L hrØ (ap-´b - p-sS BIr-Xn) ]mX-bn¬ N-en-°p-∂p-sh-∂v I-s≠-Øn. \-Ωp-sS {Kl-ß-sf-t∏mse [qa-tI-Xp-°-fpw kuc-bq-Y-Øns‚ `mK-am-sW-∂pw Ah ho-pw hopw Xn-cn-®p h-cp-sa-∂pw A-t±-lw Nn¥n-®p. A-t±-lØ - n-s‚ Nn¥ i-cn-bmWv! 1700-I-fp-sS XpS-°-Øn¬ imkv{X-⁄≥-am¿ H-cp {]-tXyI [qatI-Xp-hn-s‚ ]-Yw {]h-Nn-°p-∂X - n-\pf-f K-Wn-X-im-kv{X hm-Iyw cq]-s∏Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-f-f {i-aw B-cw-`n-®p. A-°m-e-Øv Im¬-Ip-te-‰-dp-I-tfm, Iw-]yq-´-dp-I-tfm D≠-m-bn-cp-∂n-√. F√m IW-°p-Iq-´e - p-If - pw Hm-tcm-cp-Øcpw kz-¥w ssI-sIm-≠p-X-s∂ sNtø-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. Cw- • - ≠ p- I m- c - \ mb F- U v a - ≠ v lm-en [qa-tI-Xp-°s - f-°p-dn-®v ]-T\ - w \S-Øn. 1531, 1607, 1682 F-∂o h¿jß-fn¬ Zr-iy-amb [qa-tI-Xp-°-sf√mw b-Ym¿∞-Øn¬ H-tc h-kvXphm-sW-∂v A-t±-lw k-a¿-∞n-®p. 1758-˛¬ Cu [qa-tI-Xp ho-≠pw hcp-sa-∂v A-t±-lw {]h-Nn-®p. H-cp [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ h-c-hv B-Zy-am-bn {]h-Nn-®-Xpw lm-en X-s∂. ]-t£ [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hc-hn-\v 16 h¿-jw ap-tº A-t±-lw a-cn-®p. lm-en-bp-sS hm¬ \-£-{Xw Hm-tcm 76 h¿-jw IqSp-tºm-gpw {]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂p. C- X n- s ‚ A- S pØ k- μ ¿- i - \ w 2061-em-Wv.
c≠- p ÿe- ß - f n¬ \n- ∂ m- W v [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ h-cp-∂-Xv. Iq-bn-∏¿ s_¬-‰pw, Du¿-´v ta-L-]S-e-hpw. \Ωp-sS kuc-bq-YØ - n-s‚ A-cn-In¬ h-fs - c h-fs - c AI-se-bp-ff - H-cp ÿew k-¶¬-∏n-®v t\m-°q! A-hn-sS tIm-Sn-°-W-°n-\v [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ F√m Zni-bn-epw Np-‰n-Øn-cn-bp-∂p. Cu lna [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ c≠-p ÿe-ßfn¬ \n- ∂ pw kq- c y- s \ Np- ‰ p- ∂ p. c≠pw h-fs - c AI-se-Øs - ∂. A-Xnsem-∂m-Wv Du¿-´v ta-L] - S-ew.- a-s‰m∂v Iq-bn-∏¿ s_¬-‰pw. Du¿-´v taL-Øn¬ \n-t∂m, Iqbn-∏¿ s_¬-‰n¬ \n-t∂m [qa-tI-Xp°ƒ hn-´v t]m-Ip-∂-Xv F-¥p-sIm≠v? H-cp [qa-tI-Xp-hn-\v tIm-Sn-°-W°n-\v h¿-jw Du¿-´v taL-Øn-tem, Iq-bn-∏¿ s_¬-‰n-tem Xma-kn-°mw. F-∂m¬ Nne-t∏mƒ c-≠v- [qa-tI-Xp°ƒ A-Sp-Øv h-cn-I-tbm H-∂v a-s‰m∂n-te-°v C-Sn-®v Ib-dp-I-tbm sNømw. C-ß-s\ kw-`-hn-°p-tºmƒ Ah-bp-sS N-e\ Zni am-dp-∂p. Nn-et∏m-sgm-s° Ah-bp-sS ]p-Xnb ]mX A-hs - b A¥-cnI kuc-bq-YØ - n-te°vv F-Øn-t®-°mw. C-t∏m-gm-Wv [qatI-Xp Xnf-ßm≥ XpS-ßp-∂-Xv. C-Xph-sc H-cp [q-a-tI-Xp tIm-Sn-°-W-°n\p≈ a-‰v [qa-tI-Xp-°-sf-t∏m-se Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬ Nq-Sp≈ B¥-cnI kuc-bq-Y-Øn-te-°v {]th-in-°p-tºmƒ Ah D-cp-Im≥ XpSßp-∂p. ]n-∂n¬ a-t\m-l-c-amb hmep-Iƒ cq]-s∏-Sp-∂p. Zu¿- ` m- K y- h - i m¬, [qa- t I- X p°ƒ kuc-bq-YØ - n-s‚ Nq-Sp≈ `mK-tØ-°v {]-th-in-®v I-gn-™m¬ A[n-I-Im-ew Po-hn-®n-cn-°n√. H-cp a™p a-\p-jy≥ th-\¬-°m-eØ - v Dcp-Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ kq-cy-t\m-S-Sp-°p-tºmƒ D-cp-Ip-∂p. Ah-bp-sS Po-hn-X-Øn-se G-‰-hpw al-Ømb `mK-am-Wv kuc-bq-YØ - n\p-f-fn-te-°v k©-cn-°pI F-∂-Xv F-¶n-epw C-Xv H-Sp-hn¬ A-hs - b sIm√p- ∂ p! B- b n- c - ° - W - ° n- \ v h¿j߃-°v ti-jw Ah D-cp-In h-fs - c sN-dnb sF-kn-t‚-bpw, s]m-Sn-bp-tSbpw I´-bm-bn Xo-cp-∂p. H-cp sN-dnb hm¬ t]m-epw D-≠m-In-√. Nn-e-Xv ]q¿Æ-am-bpw D-cp-In-t∏m-Ip-∂p.
[qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hm-en-eq-sS ]d-°p-∂X - v kpc-£n-X-tam? kn-\n-a-bn¬ H-cp _-ln-cm-Imi I-∏¬ D-b¿-∂v \n¬°-p∂ H-cp ]md-bn¬ X-´n XI-cp-∂-Xv t]m-se-b√, [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hm-en-eq-sS ]d-°p∂-Xv. A-Xv ]q¿Æ-am-bpw kpc-£nX-am-bn-cn-°pw. \nß-fp-sS hml-\sØ C-Sn-°p-∂-Xv kq-jva Z¿-in-\nbn-eq-sS am-{Xw Im-Wm≥ I-gn-bp∂ A-Xn-kq-£va-amb X-cn-Iƒ am-{X-ambn-cn-°pw. 1910-˛¬ H-cp [qa-tI-Xp kqcy-\v Np-‰p-ap≈ `q-an-bp-sS ]mX-bneq-sS I-S∂ - v t]mb-t∏mƒ P\-߃ `b-Nn-In-Xc - m-bn. Nn°-mt- Km-bn¬ Cu [q-a-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hnj-I-c-amb hmen¬ \n-∂pw c£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\v Ah¿ P-\¬ hm-Xn-ep-Iƒ A-S-®v ap-{Zsh-®p. a-‰p-≈-h¿ Bfl-l-Xy sNbvXp.
[qa- t I- X p- h n¬ \n- ∂ pw c- £ n°p∂ IpS, Kym-kv am-Ivkv, B-‚ n tIm-a‰- v Kp-fn-II - ƒ XpS-ßnb {]-tXyI h-kvXp-°ƒ hn-‰-gn-®p-h-t{X! \n߃°-dn-bm-tam? [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hm¬ F-t∏m-gpw ]pd-In-ems-W-∂mWv _-lp `q-cn-]-£w P\-ß-fpw hnNm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬ b-Ym¿∞Øn¬ tIm-at- bm hm-tem C-Xn¬ GXv thW-sa-¶n-epw ]pd-In-epw h-cmw, ap-∂n-epw h-cmw. kq-cy≥ F-hn-sS-bmW-∂-Xn-s\ B-{i-bn-®m-Wv hm-en-s‚ ÿm-\w. kq-cy-\n-se Xm-]h - pw hn-Ioc-W-hpw H-cp Im-‰v D-≠m-°p-∂p. CXv tkm-fm¿ hn≥-Uv A-Yh kuchm-Xw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. H-cp [qatI-Xp kq-cy-t\m-S-Sp-°p-tºmƒ D-cpIm≥ XpS-ßp-∂p. D-cp-Ip-tºm-gp--≠mIp∂ hmX-I-ß-fpw s]m-Sn-]-S-e-hpw kuc-hm-Xw aq-ew kq-cy-\n¬ \n-∂pw AI-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p. A-Xp-sIm-≠v- Hcp [qa-tI-Xp kq-cy-\-Sp-tØ-°v bm{X sN-øp-tºmƒ hm¬ tIma-bp-sS ]pd-In-epw, kq-cy-\n¬ \n-∂v A-I∂ - p t]m-Ip-tºmƒ hm¬ [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ ap-∂n-epw B-bn-cn-°pw.
[qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ D-ev°m h¿j-Øn-\v Imc-W-am-Ip-tam? [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ A-Xn-s‚ ]YØn¬ Ip-d® - v Ah-in-jvSß - ƒ D-t]£n-®v t]m-Ip-∂p. [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ ]-Ys - Ø `q-an-bp-sS ]-Yw t{Im- v sNøp-Ib - m-sW-¶n¬ B ÿ-eØ - v F√m h¿j-hpw D-ev°m h¿-jw D-≠m-Ipw. [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ Ahin-jvS-ß-sf `q-an B-I¿-jn-°p-Ibpw Ah `q-an-bp-sS A¥-co-£-Ønte-°v IS-°p-tºmƒ I-Øn F-cn™p t]m- h p- I - b pw sN- ø p- ∂ - X psIm≠-m-Wv D-ev°m-h¿-jw D-≠m-Ip∂-Xv. CØ-cØ - n-ep≈ Nne D-ev°m h¿-j-߃ F-√m h¿j-hpw `q-an ]≠-v I-S-∂p t]mb Nne [qa-tI-Xp°-fp-sS ]mX ap-dn-®v IS-°p-tºmƒ kw-`-hn-°p-∂p. s]¿-ko-Uv D-ev°mh¿-jw F-√m sIm-√-hpw B-K-kvXv 9\pw 13\pw C-S-°v `q-an kzn-]v‰v S´n¬ [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ ]-Yw I-S-∂v t]m-Ip-tºmƒ D-≠m-Ip-∂p. H-IvtSm_-dn¬ D-≠m-Ip∂ H-dn-tbm-Wn-Uv Dev°m-h¿j-Øn-s‚ t{km-X- v lmen-bp-sS hm¬ \£-{X-Øn-s‚ ]Yam-Wv.
Zn-t\m-k-dp-I-sf [qa-tI-Xp-°-fm-tWm sIm-√p-∂-Xv A-dp-]Ø - n-b© - v an-ey¨ h¿j߃-°v ap-ºv `q-an-bn¬ Po-hn-®n-cp∂ 70% Po-hn h¿K-ß-fpw A-{]-Xy-£am-b-Xv h-f-sc Ip-d™ Im-ew sIm≠m-Wv. `o-a≥ Zn-t\m-k-dp-I-fp-sS Ah-km-\-hpw C-Xn¬-s∏-Sp-∂p. Cu Po-h-\mi-Øn-\v km-[yX 10In.an h-en-∏-ap≈ H-cp [qa-tI-Xp `qan-bn¬ ]-Xn-®-Xm-hmw. ]X-\-Øn-s‚ i-‡n-bm¬ h-enb A-fh - v a-Æpw ]md-bpw Cf-°-s∏-Sp-I-bpw A¥-co-£Øn-te-°v X≈-s∏-Sp-I-bpw sN-bvXncn-°mw. Fh-dà - v sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bp-sS hen-∏-ap-f-f H-cp ]md h-f-sc thKØn¬
]m-bp∂ H-cp sh-Sn-bp-≠-bp-sS ]-Øv a-S-ßv thK-Øn¬ `q-an-bn¬ C-Sn-®m-ep-≠m-Ip∂ kvt^mS-\Ø - n-\v Xp-ey-am-bn-cn-°pw t\-c-sØ kq-Nn∏n® kvt^mS-\w. bp-°m-‰≥ s]-\n≥kp-e-bn-ep≈ sa-Ivkn-t°m-bp-sS Xo-cØ - v A-dp-]Ø - n-b© - v an-ey¨ h¿-jw ]g-°-ap-ff H-cp Ip-gn (t{I‰-¿) C-Ø-cw H-cp B-Lm-Xw aqe-ap≠m-b-Xm-sW-∂v I-s≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
Nne i‡-amb hm¬-\£-{X-߃ tIma-‰v˛ sl-bv¬ t_m-∏v 1995 Pq-em-bv 23\v A-km-[m-c-Wamb hn-[w h-en-∏h - pw tim`-bp-ap≈ H-cp [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s\ hymg-Øn-s‚ ]Y-Øn-\v ]pd-Øm-bn \yq-sa-Ivknt°m-bn-se A-e≥ sl-bn-epw A-cntkm-W-bn-se tXm-a-kv t_m-∏pw Is≠- Ø n. l- ∫ nƒ kv t ]- k v sSekvtIm-∏n¬ \n-∂pw e-`n® Nn-{X-ßfp-sS {i-≤m-]q¿Δ-amb hni-I-e-\Øn¬ \n- ∂ pw A- X n- s ‚ D- b ¿∂ tim`-bp-sS Im-c-Ww {]-tXy-I-am-bn´p≈ h-ep-∏w X-s∂-bm-sW-∂v \n¿t±-in-°s - ∏-´p. A-[n-Iw [qa-tI-Xp°fp-tS-bpw \yq-¢n-b - p-If - p-sS h-en-∏w 1.6 ap-X¬ 3.2 In.an (1-˛2 ssa¬) hsc-bm-Wv F-∂m¬ sl-bv¬-˛-t_m-∏nt‚-Xv 40 In.an (25-˛ssa¬) B-bn-cp∂p. \√ {]-Im-in-Xa - mb ]-´W BIm-i-ß-fn¬ t]m-epw C-Xv Zr-iy-ambn-cp-∂p. tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ N-cn-{XØn¬ G-‰h - pw Iq-Sp-X¬ B-fp-Iƒ I≠-n-´p≈ [qa-tI-Xp-hpw sl-bv¬ t_m-∏v B-bn-cn-°pw. \-·t- \-{X-߃sIm≠-v G-‰h - pw Iq-Snb Im-ew˛19 AXv`p-XI - c - a - mb amk-߃, Im-Wm≥ I- g n™ [q- a - t I- X p- h pw sl- b v ¬ t_m-∏v X-s∂. C-\n H-cp 2400 h¿j߃-°p-≈n¬ .C-Xv ho-≠pw {]-Xy£-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√.
tIm-a‰ - v kzn-^v‰v S-´n¬ 1992 1862 Pq-em-bv amk-Øn¬ A-tacn-°≥ hm\-\n-co-£-I-c-mb eq-bn-kv kzn-^v‰pw slm-tdm-kv S-´n-epw tN¿∂m-Wv B-Zyw I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv.tIm-a‰v kzn-^v‰v S-´n¬ Hm-tcm 120 h¿-jhpw kq-cy-t\m-Sv A-Sp-Øv Iq-Sn k©cn-°p-tºmƒ A-Xn-s‚ ]mX-bn¬ Dt]-£n-®v t]m-Ip∂ s]m-Sn ]S-e߃ F-√m h¿-jh - pw Pq-em-bv BK-kvXv amk-ß-fn¬ h-f-sc a-t\m-lc-amb sh-Sn-s°-´n-s‚ A-\p-`-hw BIm-i-Øv k-Ωm-\n-°p-∂p. Cu hmen¬-°q-Sn `q-an I-S∂ - p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ sX-fn™ B-Im-iØ - v s]¿-kn-Uv Dev°m-h¿-jw \-ap-°v Im-Wm≥ km[n-°pw. `q-an-bp-tS-bpw tIm-a-‰v kzn^v‰v S-´n-en-t‚-bpw Hm¿-_n-‰p-Iƒ hf-sc A-Sp-Øp-Iq-Sn ap-dn-®v IS-°p-∂p≠v. A-Xp-sIm-≠v Cu [qa-tI-Xp `qan-bp-am-bn H-cp Znh-kw Iq-´n-ap-´n-tb°pw F-∂v Ip-d-®p im-kv{X-⁄≥am¿ {]h-Nn-°p-∂p. F-∂m¬ Ahkm-\-sØ IW-°p-Iq-´-ep-Iƒ ImWn-°p-∂X - v Cu [q-at- I-Xp an-√y¨ In.an (15 an-√y¨) kpc-£n-X-amb AI-eØ - p-Iq-Sn A-SpØ bm-{X-bn¬ kuc-bq-Y-Øn-\p-f-fn-eq-sS I-S-∂pt]m-Ipw F-∂m-Wv.
N-cn-{X-Øn¬ G-‰-hpw {]i-kvXamb \-£-{Xw lm-en-[q-a-tI-Xp Bbn-cn-°pw. C-Xn-s‚ ]-Yw K-Wn-s®SpØ {_n-´o-jv hm\-\n-co-£-I≥ FUva≠-v lm-en-bp-sS t]-cv Cu [qatI-Xp-hn-\v \¬-In. 1531epw 1607epw I-≠ [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ 76 h¿j {`aW-]-Y-Øn-ep≈ H-tc h-kvXp-°-fmsW-∂v A-t±-lw Dd-∏n-®p. 1758-˛se {In-kvXp-a-kn-\v X-te-∂v X-s‚ {]hN-\s - Ø i-cn-sh-®p-sIm≠-v lm-en-[qa-tI-Xp Xn-cn-s®-Øn-b-t∏mƒ A-XpIm-Wp-hm≥ A-t±-lw Po-hn-®n-cn-∏p≠m-bn-√. Zu¿-`m-Ky-hi - m¬ lm-en 1742˛¬ a-cn-®p. H - m-tcm {]mh-iy-hpw lmen [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ ]-Yw kq-cy-s\ k-ao-]n-°p-tºmƒ A-Xn-s‚ 15-In.an (9- ssa¬) h-en-∏-ap≈ \yq-¢n-b-kv 6 ao-‰¿ (7 hmc) sF-kpw ]m-d-bpw _-ln-cm-Im-it- Ø-°v Xf-fp-∂p. Cu Ah-in-jvS-߃ `q-an-bn-te-°v ]-Xn°p-tºmƒ H-dn-tbm-\n-Uvkv D-ev°mh¿-jw D-≠m-Ip-∂p.- C-\n 2061-˛¬ lm-en-bp-sS hm¬ \-£-{Xw kucbq-Y-Øn-\p-≈n-te-°v I-S-∂p h-cpw.
tIma‰v jqam-°¿-˛s - ehn 9 [qa-tIXp 1994 Pq-em-bv 16\pw Pq-em-bv 22\pw CS-bn¬ jq-am-°¿ se-hn-bpsS C- c p- ] - X n- e - [ n- I w Ij- W - ß ƒ hym-gw {Kl-hp-am-bn Iq-´n-ap-´n. 1993 ¬ hm\- i m- k v { X- ⁄ - c mb I- t cmen≥, bu-Po≥ jq-am-°¿, tU-hn-Uv se-hn F-∂n-h¿ tN¿-∂m-Wv Cu [qatI-Xp-hn-s\ I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv. hymgØn- s ‚ Z- £ n- W m¿≤- t Km- f - Ø n¬ [qa-tI-Xp Ij-W-ß-fm-bn ]-Xn-°p∂-Xn-s‚ [m-cm-fw Zr-iy Nn-{X-߃ l-_nƒ kvt]-kv sSe-kvtIm-∏v FSp-Øp.-C-Xp-h-sc tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n´p-≈X - n¬ sh-®v c≠-v kuc-bqY h-kvXp-°ƒ X-Ωn-ep≈ B-Zy Iq-´n-bn-Sn-bm-Wv C-Xv. hymg-Øn-s‚ A¥-co-£-Øn¬ Nq-Sp≈ hm-XI Ip-an-f-Iƒ kr-jvSn-°p-I-bpw h-enb C-cp-≠ hn≈-ep-Iƒ D-≠m-°p-Ib - pw sN-bvX C-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. jp-am-°¿˛se-hn [qa-tI-Xp-hpw hymg {Kl-hpam-bp-ff kwL-´-\w.
F¥p-sIm≠mWv [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ ]-≠p-Im-eØv `b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv? {]m-No\ a-\p-jy-sc kw_-‘n-®nS-tØm-fw B-Im-iw Nn´ D≈-Xm-bncp-∂p. Im-cW - w A-hn-sS F-√mw ap≥Iq-´n ]d-bm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-h-bm-bn-cp∂p. kq-tcym-Z-bw, A-kvX-a-bw, N-{μs‚ hr-≤n-£-bw, \£-{X-ß-fp-sS Ne-\w, \£-{X-ß-fp-sS B-Ir-Xn Ch-sb-√mw h-fs - c Ir-Xy-am-bn-cp-∂p. AX-ps - Im-≠v P\-߃-°v kpc-£nX-Xz-t_m-[w D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Aßs\-bm-bn-cn-s° [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ H-cp ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-an-√m-sX s]-s´-∂v {]-Xy£-s∏-Sp-∂p. B-Im-iØ - p≈ a-‰p hkvXp-°-fn¬ \n-s∂-√mw h-f-sc hyXy-kvX-am-bn Ah ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm≠-v ]q¿-Δn-I¿ C-Xv kz¿-KØn¬ \n-∂p-ff H-cp ap∂-dn-bn-∏m-bn hym-Jym-\n-®p. F-√m {]m-No\ kwkv°m-c-ß-fpw Ch-bp-sS tcJ-Iƒ kq-£n-®p. [q-a-tI-Xp°-fp-sS G-‰-
7 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
hpw ]p-cm-X-\-amb Nn-{Xo-I-c-Ww {InkvXp-hn-\v ap≥-]v c≠-mw \q-‰m-≠-n¬ H-cp ssN-\n-kv kn¬-°v _p-°n-ep-ff-Xm-Wv. 6˛mw \q-‰m-≠n-se C-¥y≥ im-kv{X-⁄\ - m-bn-cp∂ h-cm-la - n-lnc≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xn-\v k-Zr-iy-amb hn[-Øn¬ Ad-_n-I-fpw [qa-tI-Xp°-sf Ah-bp-sS cq]-a-\p-k-cn-®v Xcw-Xn-cn-®p. {Ko-kn-se kn-\o° [qatI-Xp-°-fp-sS H-cp k-ºq¿Æ k-amlm-cw D≠-m-°n. ]n-∂o-Sv [qa-tI-Xp°-sf s]-bn-‚ nw-Kv, I-hn-X-Iƒ XpSßn-b-h-bn-eq-sS A\-iz-c-am-°n. kao-]-Im-e-Øv Im¿-´q-WpIfn-epw [qatI-Xp-°-sf Im-Wmw.
h-°v {]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn H-´pw X-s∂ sF-kv C√. Xmc-X-tay\ C-cp- Ahbp-sS {]X-e-Øn¬ \-∂pw {]-Xn-^en-°p∂ kq-cy-{]-Im-iw aqe-am-Wv A-h-sb Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ I-gn-bp-∂-Xv. F-∂m¬ [q-at- I-Xp-°ƒ kuc-bq-YØn-s‚ G-‰-hpw X-WpØ `m-K-Øv [m-cm-fw s]m-Sn-bpw sF-kp-am-bn kwc-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. A-Xp-sIm≠-v Ah kq-cy-t\m-Sv A-Sp-°p-tºmƒ ]pd-Øp-hn-Sp∂ s]m-Sn-bpw _m-jv]hp-am-Wv Ah-bp-sS Zr-iyw km-[yam-°p-∂-Xv.
C-Xph-tc-bpw [qa-tI-Xp-°-fp-sS {]m-No-\-amb H-cp Nn-{Xo-I-c-W-hpw ]p-d-Øp h-∂n-´n-√. F-∂n-cp-∂m-epw {]m-No\ km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ [m-cm-fw kqN-\-Iƒ [qa-tI-Xp-°-sf-∏-‰n-bp≠v. D-ev°-I-fn¬ \n-∂pw, [qa-tIXp°-fn¬ \n-∂pw k - w-c£ - W - w tXSp∂ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ A-Y¿Δ thZØn¬ D≠-v. cm-am-b-W-Øn-epw,-a-lm`m-c-X-Øn-epw [qa-tI-Xp-°-fp-sS {]Xy-£-s∏-S-en-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ kqN-\Iƒ D≠-v. G.Un B-dmw \q-‰m-≠n¬ h-cm-l-an-ln-c≥ c-Nn® {_-ln-XvkwlnX F∂ ]p-kvXI - Ø - n¬ B-bn-cØn-e-[n-Iw [qa-tI-Xp-°-fp-tS-tbm, [q- a - t I- X p°- s f- t ∏m- s e- b p- f f hkvXp-°-fp-tS-tbm \n-d-hpw B-Ir-Xnbpw tiJ-cn-®v ]-´n-I-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. {_-ln-Xv kw-ln-X-bn¬ [q-a-tIXp-°-fp-sS \n-d-hpw BI-r-Xn-bpw hf-sc hni-Z-am-bn {]-Xn-]m-Zn-®n-´p-≠-v. Nne [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ kzo-Ic - n® ]mXsb-°p-dn-®pw Cu ]p-kvXØ - n¬ hnhcn-°p-∂≠ - v. thK F∂ \£-{X-Øn\v ]n-∂n-eq-sS I-S-∂v t]mb Ime-tIXp (calaketu) F∂ [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ Im-cy-ß-fpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. ap-Kƒ cm-Pm-hv P-lmw-Ko¿ H-cp Xo£vW-X-bp≈ {]-Ir-Xn-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp∂p. A-t±-l-Øn-s‚ \n-co-£-W-ßsf-√mw X-s‚ S-kp-°v-˛sF- ˛-P-lmwKn-cn (TUZUK-I-Jahangiri) F∂ Ub-dn-bn¬ hni-Z-am-bn tcJ-s∏-SpØn-bn-´p-≠v. 1618-˛¬ H-cp [qa-tI-Xp {]-Xy-£-s∏´-Xm-bn Cu ]p-kvX-IØn¬ A-t±-lw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. 24 Un-{Kn h-en-∏-ap-ff hm-ep-≠mbn-cp∂ Cu [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s\ 16 Zn-hkw Im-Wm≥ I-gn-™p. X-an-gv I-hn kp-{_-“-Wy `m-c-Xn 1910-˛¬ lm-en [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s\ kzm-K-Xw sN-bvXpsIm≠-v H-cp I-hnX F-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. A-∂v P\-ß-ƒ [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s‚ hchn¬ ]-cn-{`m-¥-cm-bn C-cp-∂-t∏m-gmWv A-t±-lw Cu I-hnX F-gp-Xn-bXv.
\-evIp-∂X - v. Cu kwL-S\ t]-cv \¬Ipw ap-ºv a-‰v \n-co-£-I-cn¬ \n-∂pw \n- c o- £ - W - ß ƒ ÿn- c o- I - c n- ° pw. c≠-v \n-co-£-I¿ H-tc cm-{Xn H-tc hm¬-\-£-{X-sØ I-s≠-Øp-I-bmsW-¶n¬ c≠-v t]-cp-tS-bpw t]-cv tN¿-Øv hm¬ \£-{X-sØ hn-fn°pw. A-[n-Iw [qa-tI-Xp-°-tf-bpw I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xv A-ta-®¿ hm-\-\n-co£I-cm-W-v. Nne A-ta-®¿ hm\ imkv{X-PvR¿ hf-sc-b[ - n-Iw [qa-tI-Xp°-sf I-s≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. F-bp-Pn≥ jq-ta-°-dpw, tU-hn-Uv se-hn-bpw tN¿∂ I-s≠-Ønb H≥]-Xm-as - Ø [qa-tI-Xp-hm-Wv jq-am-°¿ se-hn-˛9. X-s‚ t]-cn¬ hm¬-\-£-{X-apf-f Htc H-cp C-¥y-°m-c-\m-Wv D≈-Xv˛ ssh-\p _m-∏p. A-t±-lw H-cp hnZym¿-∞n B-bn-cn-s° X-s‚ ]-Xn-hv t^m-t´m-{Km-^v ]-cn-tim-[n-°p-tºm-gmWv H-cp [qa-tI-Xp-hn-s\ I-s≠-Ønb-Xv.
[qa-tIXp-°ƒ°v t]cn-Sp-∂Xv -[qa-tI-Xp-°-sf s\-bm-Wv? kw-_‘n® Fs¥-¶nepw Fßn[q-a-tI-Xp-°-sf B-Zyw I-s≠]pcm-X-\-amb Øp-Ib - pw A-¥¿ tZ-inb hm\ imkv{X kwL-S\ - s - b A-dn-bn-°p-Ib - pw kqN\ C¥y-bn¬ sN-øp∂ \n-co-£-I-cp-sS t]-cm-Wv Dt≠-m? [qa-tI-Xp-°ƒ-°v km-[m-c-W-am-bn
[mcmfw [qa-tI-Xp-°sf Is≠Ønb Ata-®¿ hm\-\n-co-£-I¿ Bsc√mw? {^-©v A-ta-®¿ hm\ \n-co-£I-cmb Nmƒ-kv sa- n-b¿, Po≥-˛-eqbn-kv t]m¨-kv, A-ta-cn-°≥ hm\-
[qa-tI-Xp-hpw £p{Z {Klhpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw F¥mWv? s]m-Xp-sh hymg-Øn-\pw, sNm-Δ°pw CS-bn-tem, Iq-bn-∏¿ s_¬-‰ntem, kq-cy-s\ Np-‰p∂ ]md-I-fm-Wv B-kvt{Sm-bn-Uvkv A-Y-hm £p-{Z-{Kl-ß-ƒ. hymg-Øn-\pw, sNm-Δ-°pw CS- b n- e p≈ ]md- ° - j - W - ß ƒ- ° v hymg-Øn-s‚ ÿnc-amb Kp-cp-Xzm-I¿jW h-en aq-ew H-cn-°e - pw Iq-Sn-t®¿∂v H-cp {Kl-am-Im≥ I-gn-bp-∂n-√. kq-cy-s‚ Nq-Sv aq-ew ]pd-¥≈ - m≥ A-
]-cn-j-Øv I¬-∏‰ ta-J-em I-Ωn-‰nbp-sS B-`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ Iw-_-f-°mSv bp.]n kvIq-fn¬ h-®v _m-tem-’hw kw-L-Sn-∏n-®p. hn-hn[ ]-©m-bØp-I-fn¬ \n-∂m-bn 52 Iq-´n-Iƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øp. ]m-´v, I-fn-Iƒ, A-`n-\bw, - ] - c o- £ W \n- c o- £ - W - ß ƒ, Hm¿-Ω-bn-se Hm-Ww Xp-S-ßn ssh-hn[y-am¿∂ ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn. tam-l≥-Zm-kv I-cw-N-μv, H.sI.]o-‰¿, Fw.in-h≥-]n≈, Fw. P-\m¿-±-\≥ Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿ hn-hn[ sk-j-\p-Iƒ°v t\-Xy-Xzw \¬-In. ]n Sn F {]kn-U-‚ v kn.]n k-eow D-ZvLm-S-\w sN-bvXp. ta-J-em {]-kn-U-‚ v sI inh- Z m- k ≥ A- [ y- £ X h- l n- ® p. sI.sI cm-a-Iy-jvW≥, hn-t\m-Zv ]p√-t©-cn, Fw.tZ-h-Ip-am¿, F.sI.jn_p F-∂n-h¿ kw-km-cn-®p. -tPymXnI, sI.F-kv tPym-Xn-kv F-∂o Ip´n-Iƒ _m-tem-’-hw hn-e-bn-cq-Øn kw-km-cn-®p.
kwÿm\ {]h¿ØI Iymºv t]Pv 1 ¬ \n∂pw XpS¿® ]Ø-\w-Xn-´-bp-sS ]m-cn-ÿn-XnIm-tcm-Kyw ap≥-\n¿-Øn ]-cn-ÿn-Xnbp-sS cm-jv{So-bw N¿® sN-øp∂ sk-an-\m-dm-Wv A-\p-_‘ ]-cn-]m-SnI-fn¬ ap-Jyw. Iq-Sm-sX t\-cn-´p≈ hn-tZi \n-t£-]-hpw cq]-bp-sS aqey-tim-j-W-hpw, h-\n-Xm im-‡o-Ic-W-Øn-s‚ cm-jv{So-bw, tPym-Xn-jhpw tPym- X n- i m- k v { X- h pw F- ∂ o hnj-b-ß-fn¬ {]-`m-j-W-߃ \S°pw. Pn-√m-Xe _me-im-kvt{Xm-’hw, bph-kw-K-aw, kvIq-fp-I-fn¬ A\u-]-N m-c nI im-k v {X {]-` mj-W ߃ F-∂n-h-bpw kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. Ip-Spw-_{- io bq-Wn-‰p-Iƒ, hmb-\i - me-Iƒ F-∂nh tI-{μo-I-cn-®v Po-hnX ssi-eo tcmK-߃, Du¿-P-kw-c-£Ww, ]-cn-k-cm-tcm-Kyw F-∂n-h-sb kw-_‘ - n-®p≈ ¢m- p-If - pw \S-°p∂-Xm-Wv. A-Sq-cn¬ im-kv{X ]p-kvXI-ta-f-bpw {]-`m-jW ]c-º-c-bpw {]Z¿i-\-hpw D-≠m-Ipw. ]m-cn-j-Øn-I-amb ssi-en-bn-emWv Iym-ºn-s‚-bpw A-\p-_‘ -]-cn]m-Sn-If - p-sS-bpw kw-Lm-S\ - Ø - n-\m-hiy-amb km-º-ØnI hn-`-hw ]-cn-jØv I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xv. hn-`h k-am-lc-W-Øn-s‚ {]-[m-\-am¿-Kw im-kv{X]p- k v X I {]N- c - W - h pw ]- c n- j Øp¬∏-∂-ß-fp-sS hn]-W-\-hp-amWv.
tIcf ]mTy-]≤ - Xn ]cn-jvIc- W - hpw Akokv IΩn‰n dnt∏m¿´pw
Hcp hm¬ \£-{Xhpw Dev°bpw X∂n-ep-ff hyXymkw F¥mWv? H-cp sIm-≈n-ao≥ A-Y-hm D-ev° Zr-iy-am-Ip-∂X - v _m-ly B-Im-iØ - p \n-∂pw B-h-iy h-en-∏-ap-ff H-cp ]md-°-j-Ww `q-an-bp-sS A¥-co-£Øn-te-°v {]-th-in-°p-tºm-ƒ H-cp tim`-bp≈ ]mX G-Xm-\pw \n-anj t\c-tØ-°v B-Im-iØ - v kr-jvSn-°p∂-Xv aqe-am-Wv. F-∂m¬ H-cp [qatI-Xp B-Im-iØ - v ]e cm-{Xn-If - n¬ Xn-fß - n ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. H-cp sIm-≈nao≥ D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv \-in® [qa-tI-Xphn-s‚ Ij-W-ß-tfm, H-cp £p-{Z {Kl-tam `q-an-bp-sS A¥-co-£-Øn¬ {]-th-in-°p-tºm-gm-Wv. L¿-jW - w aqew A- X v Nq- S v ]n- S n- ® v I- Ø p- ∂ p. tim`-bp≈ ]mX Zr-iy-am-Ip-∂p. CØ-cw Ij-Wß - f - p-sS H-cp \nc A¥co-£-Øn-te-°v {]-th-in-°p-tºmƒ D-ev°m-h¿-jw D≠-m-Ip-∂p.
I¬∏‰ hb-°c bq\n-‰n¬ taJ-eb - n¬ ]n.-Fk - .v k - n.-tIm-®nwKv ¢mkv _mtem’hw
t]Pv 5 ¬ \n∂pw XpS¿®
\n-co-£-I-cmb C.C _¿-Wm-Uv. Uq_vfyq. B¿ {_q-°vkv F-∂nh-cm-Wv [qa-tI-Xp-°-sf th´-bm-Sn-b-h-cn¬ {]-ap-J¿. A-tß-b‰- w k-a¿-∏n-X\ - mb H-cp [qa-tI-Xp th´-°m-cm-\m-Wv sa n-b¿. Im-c-Ww A-t±-lw [qa-tIXp-°-sf-t∏m-se-bp≈ F-√m s\-_pe-I-tf-bpw ]-´n-I-s∏-Sp-Øn. F-¥n-\v th-≠n-bm-Wv C-ßs - \ sN-bvXX - v. Cu s\-_p-e-Iƒ [qa-tI-Xp-°-fm-tWm F-∂v kwi-bn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ th≠n-bm-Wv. kq-∏¿ t\mh-bp-sS Ah-injvS-amb {Im-_v s\-_p-e-bpw, A≥t{Um-aoU Kme-Ivkn-bpw Dƒ-s∏Sp∂ sa- n-b¿ h-kvXp-°-fp-sS ]-´nI- b m- W - v . A- ∂ v A- t ±- l w I- s ≠Ønb [qa-tI-Xp-°t- f-°mƒ A-dn-bs∏-Sp-∂X - v C.C _¿-Wm-Uv[qa-tI-Xp°-sf I-s≠-Øn-b-Xn-\v X-\n-°v e`n® [m-cm-fw 200 tUm-f¿ hm¿-W¿ k-Ωm-\-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®v X-s‚ h[p-hn-\v th≠-n H-cp [qa-tI-Xp h-\w X-s∂ \n¿-Ωn-®p-hs - {X!.. {_q°- v Xs‚ 79˛m-as - Ø hb- n¬ 1921-˛¬ acn-°p-tºm-gpw [qa-‡p-°-sf I-s≠Øp-I-bpw t^m-t´m-{Km-^v F-Sp-°pI-bpw sN-bvXp-h-s{X!. I-gn™ 50 h¿j-Øn¬ jq-am-°¿ se-hn-tb-bpw Iq-Sm-sX P-∏m≥ A-ta-®¿ hm\- \nco-£I - c - mb sF-t°-b,- sk-°n, lmIyp-tS-°v F-∂n-h-cpw h-f-sc {i-≤mep-°-fmb [qa-tI-Xp th´-°m-cm-bncp-∂p.
˛ ^e-Øn¬ C-\n h-cm≥ t]m-Ip-∂Xv D≈-S° - Ø - n-\p {]m[m-\y-ap≈, ]-co-£I - ƒ h-gn B D≈- S - ° w Ip´n- b n- s e- Ø n- t bm F∂v Dd-∏n-°p∂ a\-∏m-T- ]-T\ - Øn-s‚ Im-ew. A-Xn-\v Ip´n-bpsS Po-hn-Xh - p-am-bn _‘-ap-≠mhn-√. A-Xn-\v km-aq-ly-{]-iv\ß - fp-am-bn _-‘w Im-Wn-√. hn-Zym`ym-kØ - n-s‚ e-£y-hpw co-Xn-imkv{X-hpw A-{]-[m-\-am-bn-Øo-cpsa-∂¿-Yw. A£-ca - p-d∏ - n-°p--∂Xnt\m A°-∏´- nI Dd-°p--∂Xn-t\m \mw F-Xn-c√ - . F∂m¬ Ah tIh-ew D]-Ic - W - w am-{X-am-Wv. Ah D]-tbm-Kn-®v D-b¿∂ am\-kn-I{- ]{In-bI - f - p-sS k-lm-bt- Øm-sS Db¿∂ Ht´sd I-gn-hp-Iƒ Ip´nI-fn¬ hf-cW - w. hn-Zym-`ym-kØ - ns‚ e-£yw a\-∏m-Tc - o-Xn-bn-eq-sS G-Xm-\pw sN-dnb I-gn-hp-I-fpw hnh-cß - f - p-sS tiJ-ch - pw D-≠m°-e√ - . D-b¿∂ km-aq-ly-t_m-[hpw hne-bn-cp-Øm-\pw hn-a¿-in°m-\p-ap≈ I-gn-hp h-f¿-Øm-\pw hn-Zym-`ym-kØ - n-\p I-gn-bW - w. A√m-sX tIm¿∏-td-‰p-Iƒ-°p hn-Sp]-Wn sN-øm≥ H-cp Xe-ap-ds - b H-cp-°p-Ib - √ th≠-Xv. ˛-- am-‰w th-s≠∂p \mw ]d-bp∂-n√ - . F∂m¬ A-Xv k-a-{K-amb I-cn-°pew \n¿-an-®n´p a-Xn. ˛ C-t∏mƒ \-ap-°p sN-øm-hp-∂Xv 1. ]p-d-Øp≈ k-aq-l-Øn¬ {]Nc-Ww \S-Øp-I. 2. ¢m-kvap-dn-°I - Ø - v i-cn-bmb kao-]-\-ap-]-tbm-Kn-®v ]-Tn-∏n-®psIm-≠v k-ac - w sN-øpI
tIm®nwKv ¢m v s{]m^. sI.-F≥. _me-Ir-jvW≥ \ºym¿ DZvLm-S\w sNøp∂p
{ioI-WvTm-]p-cw taJ-eb - n-se hb°c bq-\n-‰n¬ ]n.-Fk - v.kn ]-co-£Iƒ-°v X-øm-sd-Sp-°p-∂h - ¿-°m-bn kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ tIm-®nw-Kv ¢m-kns‚ D-ZvLm-S\ - w s{]m^. s - I.F≥. _me-Ir-jvW≥ \-ºym¿ \n¿h-ln-
®p. bq-\n-‰v sk-{I-´-dn B¿.-sI. am[-h≥ kzm-KX - w ]d-™p. Sn.-sI.{]-km-Zv A-[y-£\ - m-bn. ta-Je - m {]kn-U‚ - v sI.-hn-em-kn-\n, kn.-at- \ml- c ≥, sI.- c m- P o- h ≥, sI.- I rjvW≥ kw-km-cn-®p.
sXmgn-ep-d∏p ]≤-Xn-bnse F.-Un.-FkpIƒ°v F≥tUm-hsv a‚v Imk-d-tKm-Uv Pn√-bn-se s_-≈nt°m-Øv bq-\n-‰pw A-Pm-\q¿ bq\n-‰pw kw-bp-‡a - m-bn ]-©m-bØ - nse an-I® F-Un-Fk - n-\v F≥-tUmhvsa-‚ v hnX-cW - w sN-bvXp. sXmgn-ep-d-∏p ]-≤-Xn sXm-gn-em-fn-bm-bncp∂ kn.-F® - v.- Ir-jvWs - \ A-\pkvac - n-®p. ]-©m-bØ - v {]-kn-U‚ - v \-koa So-®¿ D-ZvLm-S\ - w sN-bvXp.
]-cn-jØ - v Pn-√m {]-kn-U‚ - v hn.-Fkv._ - m-_p A-[y-£\ - m-bn. ]-cn-jØv ]-cn-ÿn-Xn I¨-ho-\¿ ]n.-apc-fo-[c - ≥ kzm-KX - w ]d-™p. ]-©mb-Øv ssh-kv {]-kn-U‚ - v ]n.-_me-Ir-jvW≥, Sn.-]fl - n-\n, ]n.-Ip-™n°-Æ≥, kp-Pm-X, ]n.-]n. e-£vaW≥, hn.-Sn.-Im¿-Xym-b-\n kw-kmcn-®p.
cq]-bpsS aqey-tim-jW - hpw kmº-ØnI `{Z-Xbpw XmtgNºmSv bq\n-‰n¬ kwhmZw ]m-\q¿ taJ-eb - n-se Xm-tg-Nº - m-Sv bq\n-‰n¬ cq]-bp-sS aq-ey-tim-jW - h - pw kmº-ØnI `-{Z-X-bpw F∂ hnjb-Øn¬ kw-hm-Zw kwL-Sn-∏n-®p. F.cm-L-h≥ hnj-bm-h-X-c-Ww \-S-Øn. cq]-bp-sS aq-eyw Ipd-bp-∂s - X-ßs - \, cm-Py-Øn-s‚ kº-ZvL-S-\-bv°v F¥p kw`-hn-®p, km-[m-c-W-°m-sc CsX-ß-s\ _m-[n-°p-∂p, kz¿-Æw
kpc- £ nX \n- t £- ] - t am, Hm- l - c n hn]- W n- b pw Dul- ° - ® - h - S w XpSßnb Im-cy-ßf - n¬ N¿®-bp-≠m-bn. sI.-sI. ap-Ip-μ≥ A-[y-£-\mbn. bq-\n-‰v sk-{I-´-dn kn.-a-t\m-Pv kzm-K-Xw ]d-™p. ta-J-em sk-{I-´dn ]n.-Fw. l-co-{μ≥, kn.-F-®v. `mkvIc - ≥ am-ÿ, ]fl-\m-`≥ am-ÿ, sI.-kp-\n¬-Ip-am¿ kw-km-cn-®p.
kwÿm\ {]h¿ØI Iymºv hm¿Øm]{Xw {]Im-i\w sNbvXp imkv{X-km-ln-Xy-]-cn-£-Øv {]h¿ØI Iymºns‚ {]N- c WØns‚ `mK-ambn {]kn-≤o-I-cn°p∂ hm¿Øm-]{Xw kw-ÿm-\{- ]kn-U‚ v tUm. F≥.-sI. iin-[c - ≥ ]n≈ IS-º\ - m´v DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp. kzmK-Xk - wLw sshkv sNb¿am≥ kn.-sI. \S-cm-P \v tIm∏n \¬Ins°m-≠mWv F≥.-sI. F v {]Im-
i\w sNbvXp. Pn√m-{]-kn-U‚ v F≥.sI.-cm-tP-{μ-Ip-am¿, tªm°v ]©mbØv AwKw sI. kpPm-X, s{]m^. Pn. _me-Ir-jvW≥\m-b¿, tUm. sI. ]n. IrjvW≥Ip-´n, F.-sI.-tKm-]me≥, s{]m^. Sn.-B¿. cXv\w, A\n¬ kn. sI.-s_m-°m-tdm, kptc-jvIp-am¿ F∂n-h¿ k∂n-ln-Xc - m-bn-cp-∂p.
XØ-aw-Kew bq\n-‰n¬ ¢m v dqw sse{_dn ]me-°m-Sv Pn√-bn-se Nn-‰q¿ taJ-ebn-se XØ-aw-Ke - w bq-\n-‰v \S-Ønb ]p-kvXI {]N-c-W-Øn-eq-sS aq-∂v kvIq-fp-I-fn¬ ¢m- v dqw sse-{_-dn {]-h¿Ø-\-am-cw-`n-®p. XØ-aw-K-ew F-kv.-Fw. ssl-kvIq-fn-\v 9000 cq]bp-sS-bpw Pn.-bp.-]n.-kvIq-fn-\v 5000 cq]-bp-sS-bpw _n.-bp.-]n.-kvIq-fn-\v 3000 cq]-bp-sS-bpw ]p-kvXI - ß - f - m-Wv hnX-cW - w sN-bvXX - v. {]-kvXpX kvIqfp-I-fn-se ap≥ hn-Zym¿-∞n-I-fpw A[ym- ] - I - c p- a m- W v ]p- k v X - I - ß ƒ kvt]m¨-k¿ sN-bvX-Xv. K-Wn-X-Iu-
Xp-Iw, F-¥p-sIm-≠v, im-kv{X-N-cn{Xw, im-kv{X-Iu-Xp-Iw, Poh-tcJ XpS-ßnb ]p-kvX-I-ß-fm-Wv {]-[m\-am-bpw \¬-In-b-Xv. Hm-tcm kvIqfp-I-fn-te-°pw 15 ho-Xw im-kv{X-tIc-fw, bp-do° am-kn-I-Iƒ Ab-®psIm-Sp-°m-\pw Xo-cp-am-\n-®n-´p-≠v. taJ-em {]-kn-U-‚ v inh-cm-a≥ amÿ, sk-{I-´d- n cm-[m-Ir-jvW≥, _n.Fw. ap-kvX-^, en-tbm-\m¿-Uv, c-Lp\m-Yv, t{]w-Zm-kv, {]-km-Zv F-∂n-h¿ t\-Xr-Xzw \¬-In..
8 ]cn-jZv hm¿Ø
Regd No of Newspaper KERMAL/2001/10969 ♦ Regd No. KL/CT/53/2012-14 ♦ Licence to post without pre-payment at RMS Calicut. L No. KL/PMG/NR/WPP/6/KKD/12-14
Aº-sØm∂mw hm¿-jnIw D-Zn-\q-cn¬ tIc-f im-kv-{X-km-ln-Xy ]-cnj-Xv 51˛mw hm¿-jn-Iw- 2014 sa-bv am-k-Øn¬- D-Zn-\q-cn¬ \-S-°pw. kw-Lm-S-I k-an-Xn cq-]oI-cW tbm-Kw sI.Ip™n-cm-a≥ Fw.F¬.F D-ZvL-mS-\w sN-bv-Xp. hm¿-jn-IØn-s‚ A-\p-_-‘-am-bn Krl-k-μ¿-i-\w, ho-´p-ap-‰-¢m- pIƒ, im-kv-{X t_m-[-\-¢m- pI-ƒ, sF-tkm¨ _m-tem¬k-hw, ]-cn-ÿn-Xn, hn-Zym-`ymk sk-an-\m¿, Im-k¿-tIm-Sns‚ k-º-Øv tcJ X-øm-dm°¬, \- Z o- X - S {]- h ¿- Ø - \ I¿Ω -]-cn-]m-Sn, im-kv{X Iem-Pm-Y, Km-‘n \m-S-I-bm-{X, k-a-X hn-⁄m-t\m¬-k-hw, kw-ÿm-\-Xe _m-tem¬-khw, bp-hk - wK-aw F-∂n-h kwL-Sn-∏n-°pw. kw-ÿm-\ P-\d¬ sk-{I´-dn hn.hn. {io-\nhm-k≥ A-[y-£-\m-bn. ]p-kvX-I Iq-∏¨ {]-h¿-Ø-\-Øns‚ D-ZvL - mS-\w sI.Ip-™n- c - m-
2013 HIvtSm-_¿ 1 ˛ 15
tImX-aw-Kew taJ-eb - n¬ hnI-k\ I¨h≥j≥ tI-cf hn-I-k-\w- P-\-]-£hpw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn ku-lr-Zhpw B-I-W-sa∂ Im-gvN-∏mtSm-sS tI-cf im-kv{X kmln-Xy ]-cn-j-Øv kw-L-Sn-∏nbv°p∂ hn-Ik - \ tIm¨-{Kkv F-d-Wm-Ip-fw a-lm-cm-Pmkv tIm-tf-Pn¬ 2013 Un-kw_¿ 26,27,28 Xo-b-Xn-I-fn¬ \S-°p-∂X - n-s‚ ap-t∂m-Sn-bmbn tIm- X - a w- K - e w ta- J - e bn¬ hn-I-k\ I¨-sh≥j≥ \-S-∂p. ]-cn-j-Øv F-dWm-Ip-fw Pn-√m ssh-kv {]kn-U≥-dv C.sI.kp-Ip-am-c≥
I¨-sh≥-j≥ D-ZvLm-S-\w sN-bvXp. ta-Je {]-kn-U≥dv Fw.Fw.t_- _ n A- ≤ y£X h-ln-®p. ta-Je tPm: sk-{I-´-dn sI._n. ]o-Xmw-_c≥ kzm-K-Xw ]-d-™p. taJe sk-{I-´-dn jm-Pp h¿-Kokv, Pn-√m-IΩ - ‰- n Aw-Kw ]n.kt¥m-jv- Ip-am¿. sI.H.Ip-cymt°m- k v , Fw.cm- a - N - { μ≥, ]n.]-fl-\m-`≥, sI.Fw.hnt\m-Zv, sI.]n.tam-l-\≥, cmPΩ c-Lp Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿ kwkm-cn-®p.
\n≈-߬ bq\n-‰n¬ h\n-Xm-thZn kw-Lm-S-I k-an-Xn cq-]oI-cW tbm-Kw sI.Ip-™n-cm-a≥ Fw.F¬.F D-Zv-L-mS-\w sN-øp∂p
a≥ Fw.F¬.F. ]-S∂ - {Km-a ]-©mb-Øv hn-I-k-\-k-an-Xn A-[y-£≥ sI.]n. Ir-jv-W-\v \¬-In \n¿-h-ln-®p. Sn.Kw-Km[-c≥ am-ÿ, F.Fw. _m-eIr-jv-W≥, Fw.hn.tIm-a≥ \ºym¿, A-Uz. hn.]n.]n. ap-
kvX^ - , sI.hn. P-Xo-{μ≥, sI. apc-fn am-ÿ, ]n.]n. I-cp-WmI- c ≥, sI.kn. _m- e - I r- j v W≥ F-∂n-h¿ kw-km-cn-®p. ]n.hn.{]-Zo-]≥ kzm-K-X-hpw sI.t{]-a-cm-Pv \-μn-bpw ]-d™p.
`m-c-hm-ln-Iƒ: sI.Ip-™n-cma≥ Fw.F¬.F (sN- b ¿am≥) F.Fw. _m- e - I rjvW≥ (P-\d- ¬ I¨-ho-\¿) H.]n. N-{μ≥, ]n.hn.{]-Zo-]≥ (I¨-ho-\¿-am¿) hn.Sn.Im¿Øym-b-\n (J-Pm≥-Pn).
]m-\q¿ taJ-e-bn-se \n≈߬ bq-\n-‰n¬ h-\n-Xm-th-Zn cq-]o-I-cn-®p. ]-cn-j-Øn-s‚ h\n-Xm cw-K-sØ {]-h¿Ø-\߃ hni-Zo-Ic - n-®p-sIm-≠v IÆq¿ Pn-√m ssh-kv {]-kn-U‚ v I-ae - m kp-[m-Ic - ≥ D-ZvLmS-\w sN-bvXp. C.-Fw.-A-tim-I≥ A-[y£-\m-bn. h\-P.-sI.-hn, en-_n-
j.-F.-]n, F≥.-sI.-Pb - {- ]-kmZv, Fw.-kn.-{io-[-c≥, ]p-cptjm-Ø-a≥ tIma-Øv, kn.sI.-kp-tc-jv_m-_p kw-kmcn-®p. `mc-hm-ln-Iƒ. _n-μp.hn (-{]-kn-U-‚ v), A-PnX (ssh. {]-kn-U-‚ v), en-_n-j. - F .]n (sk- { I- ´ - d n), c- a y.hn.sI (tPm. sk-{I-´-dn).
A_vZpƒ Akokv IΩ‰n dnt∏m¿´pw _m∏p t_mIv \yqIn¿°v : ]mTy ]≤-Xnbpw ˛ kwhmZw ae-bm-fn-bpsS t]cn-ep≈ hm¬\-£{Xw ]-cn-j-¯v hn-Zym-`ymk Kth-jW bq-\n-äpw I-®qÀ Pn-Ãm hn-Zym-`ymk hn-jb k-an-Xn-bpw kw-bp-à-am-bn I-®qÀ ]-cn-j-Zv `h-\n kw-hm-Zw kwL-Sn-¸n-¨p. H.Fw.-i-¦-c³ hnj-bm-h-X-cWw \S-¯n. A-[ym-]I kwL-S-\m t\-Xm-¡-fmb F³.-_m-e-Ir-jvW³ (sI.F-kv.-Sn-.F), F³.-X-¼m³ (Pn.-F-kv.-Sn.-bp), H.-sI.-P-bIr-jvW³ (F.-sI.-Fk - v.S- n.-
bp) F-¶n-hÀ {]-Xn-I-c-Ww \S-¯n. kn.-cm-a-Ir-jvW³ A-[y-£-\m-bn. kn.-]n. lco-{μ³, tUm. ]n.-hn. ]p-cptjm- ¯ - a ³, ]n.- \ m- c m- b W³ Ip-«n, sI.-BÀ. Atim- I ³, Sn.- h n.- \ m- c m- b W³ F-¶n-hÀ kw-km-cn¨p. ]n³a-S-¡-¯n-\pw \n£n-]vX XmÂ-¸-cy kwc£- W - ¯ n- \ p- a m- W v A_vZpÄ A-ko-kv I½-än-bpw C-t¸m-g-s¯ F-kv.-kn.-C.-
BÀ.Sn t\-Xr-Xz-hpw tIm¸p-Iq-«p-¶-sX-¶pw C-Xn-s\ F-XnÀ-¯p tXmÂ-¸n-t¡- X m- s W- ¶ pw kw- h m- Z w hne-bn-cp-¯n. kn.-]n.-l-co{μ³ hn-t\m-Zv sd-bv\ A\p-kva-cW {]-`m-j-Ww \S-¯n. kw-Øm\ A-[ym]I A-hmÀ-Up- t\-Snb, ]cn-j-¯v Iq-¯p-]-d-¼v ta-Jem ap³ sk-{I-«-dn hn.-cmtP-jn-s\ A-\p-tam-Zn-¨p.
tIcf imkv{X-km-lnXy ]cn-jØv
am\-sØmcp hnti-j° - mgvN sFtkm¨ [qa-tIXp hc-hmbn
sFtkm¨ D¬khw 2013 {]]-©s- Ø-°p-dn®v Adn-bm≥ kaq-ls- Ø-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°m≥ \£{X \n-co-£Ww {]Z¿i-\ß - ƒ
tPymXn»mkv{X- ¢m- p-Iƒ sSe-kvtIm∏v \n¿ΩmWw
hmt\m-’-h-߃
imkv{Xw kmaqly hnπ-hØ - n\v
I-Æq¿ Pn√-°mc-\m-b H-cp im-kv{X-⁄s - ‚ t]-cn¬ Adn-bs - ∏-Sp∂ hm¬\-£{- X-ap≠v. temI {]-ik - vX hm\-imkv{X-⁄-\mb tUm. Fw.sI. ssh-\p _m-∏p-hn-s‚ t]cn-em-Wv Cu hm¬ \£-{Xw. lm¿- h m¿- U v {Km- P p- t h- ‰ v kvIqƒ Hm-^v A-kvt{Sm-Wa - nbn¬ hn-Zym¿-∞n-bm-bn-cn-t°bm-Wv 22 hb- p-Im-c-\mb ssh- \ p _m- ∏ p kl- { ]h¿Ø-I-cmb _m¿-´v t_m°v, tKm¿-U≥ \yq-In¿-°v F∂n- h - t cm- s Sm- ∏ w ]p- X nb hm¬\-£-{Xw I-≠p-]n-Sn-®Xv. C 1949 N1 Cu I-≠p]n-Sp-ØØ - n-\v ]k-^n-°v Bkvt{Sm-Wa - n-°¬ skm-ssk‰n-bp-sS tUm¨-tlm tIm-a‰v saU- e n- \ pw A- t ±- l w A¿l- \ m- b n. C≥¿- \ m- j W¬ B-kvt{Sm-^n-kn-Ivkv skm-ssk-‰n {]-kn-U-‚m-bn sXc-s™-Sp-°s - ∏´ B-Zy C¥y-°m-c\ - m-Wv C-t±-lw. C¥y≥ tPym-Xn-»m-kv{X K-thj-W-sØ-bpw hm\ \n-co£W tI- { μ- ß - s f- b pw temI \ne-hm-cØ - n-se-Øn® ssh-\p B-kvt{Sm-^n-kn-Ivkv skm-ssk-‰n Hm-^v C-¥y-bpsS ÿm-]I {]-kn-U‚ - m-bncp-∂p.
Xe-t»-cn-bn-em-Wv 1927¬ a-W-en I-√m-´v ssh-\p _m∏p P-\n-®X - v. a-{Zm-kv k¿hI-em-im-e-bn¬ \n-∂pw `uXnI im-kv{X-Øn¬ am-tÃgvkv _n-cp-Zw t\-Snb ssh-\p _m-∏p lm¿-hm¿-Un¬ \n∂pw K-th-jW _n-cp-Zw t\Sn. ]-tem-a¿ H-_vk¿-th-‰d- nbn¬ tIm- f n≥ N- t Um- ° v hn¬-k¨ (Pq-\n-b¿) F∂ im-kv{X-⁄\ - p-am-bn tN¿-∂v Nne {]-tXyI \£-{X-ßf - pw {]-Im-iZ- o-]vXn-bpw Ah-bp-sS h¿-Æ-cm-Pn-bpw X-Ωn-ep≈ _- ‘ w I- s ≠- Ø n. hn¬k¨ ˛ _m-∏p C-^I - vSv F∂m-Wv CX-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu k-t¶-Xw D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv Nne-Xc - w \£-{X-ßf - p-sS {]-Im-i-am-\-hpw AI-e-hpw I-s≠-Øp-∂X - .v A-t±-lw Imen-t^m¿-Wnb C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´v Hm-^v sS-Ivt\m-fP - n-bn-epw Kth-jW - w \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. hn- t Z- i - Ø v hm- K v Z m- \ w sNø-s∏´ an-I® tPm-en-Iƒ th-s≠-∂p sh-®m-Wv tZ-im`n- a m- \ - Ø m¬ {]- t Nm- Z n- X \mb ssh-\p _m-∏p C-¥ybn¬ Xn-cn-s®-Øn-bX - v. ss\\n-‰m-fn-se H-_vk¿-th-‰d- n-bnem-Wv tk-h\ - w B-cw-`n-®X - v.
sIm-ssS-°\ - m¬ H_vk¿-th-‰d- n Ubc-IvSd- m-bn-cn-t° {]kv X pX ÿm]- \ sØ B- [ p- \ n- I h¬°- c n- ® v C¥y≥ C≥-Ãn-‰yq-´v Hm-^v A-kvt{Sm-^nkn-Ivkm-bn h-f¿Øn-sb-Sp-Øp. ]n¬-°m-eØ - v Cu ÿm-]\ - w _mw-•qcn-te-°v am-‰n ÿm]n- ° - s ∏- S p- I - b p≠m-bn. X-an-gv\m-´nse Ih-eq-cn-se H-_vk¿-th‰-dn-bp-sS Npa-Xe h-ln-°p∂ Ime-Øm-Wv 2.3 ao-‰¿ hymkm¿[-ap≈ G-jy-bn-se G‰-hpw h-enb sSe-kvtIm-∏v Chn-sS ÿm-]n-°-s∏-´-Xv. Ct∏mƒ Cu ÿm-]\ - w ssh\p- _m-∏p-hn-s‚ t]-cn-em-Wv A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. C-¥y≥ B-kvt{Sm-W-an-°¬ skmssk-‰n tPym-Xn-»m-kv{X-Ønepw B-kvt{Sm-^n-kn-Ivknepw an-I® kw-`m-h\ sNøp∂ bph- i m- k v { X- ⁄ ¿°m- b n ssh- \ p _m- ∏ p kz¿Æ sa-U¬ \¬-In h-cp∂p. A≥-]Ø - n A-©mw hb n¬ i-kv{X-{In-bs - b-Øp-S¿∂v P¿a-\n-bn¬ sh-®v A¥cn-®p. C-¥y-bn-se tPym-Xn-»mkv{X K-th-jW - s - Ø B-[p\n- I - h ¬°- c n- ° p- I - b pw temI-{]-ik - vXn ssIh-cn-°pI-bpw sN-bvX-bm-fm-sW-¶nepw tIc-f-Øn¬ th-≠-{X A- d n- b - s ∏- S m- Ø - b m- f m- W v tUm. ssh-\p _m-∏p. tI-cf im-kv{X-km-ln-Xy ]-cn-jØ - ns‚ t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Xe-t»cn-bn¬ h¿-jw tXm-dpw A\p-kvac - W ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ \S-Øn h-cp-∂p-≠v.
Edited, Printed & Published by V.V. Sreenivasan, Parishad Bhavan, Kozhikode -673002 for Kerala Sastrasahitya Parishad, Kozhikode-673002, Printed at Kamala Printers, Oyitty Road, Kozhikode-673001, and Published at Parishad Bhavan, Chalappuram, Kozhikode - 673002, Phone : 0495-2701919, Fax - 0495-2304780, e-mail:parishadvartha@gmail.com