Bei Men‘s development, Melaka's future. (group work)

Bei Men’s development, Melaka’s future

History Bei Men, Taipei Timeline of Beimen 1875 Qing dynasty​ established Taipeh Prefecture in 1875, Prefect Chen ordered the foundation of a new prefectural capital, with ​enclosing wall​ in 1879. However the soil proved too soft to support so heavy a structure, and the project was halted.

1882 Governor of ​Fujian​ Cen and Taiwan magistrate Liu undertook successive surveys to determine the proper location of the wall's foundations. Craftsmen were recruited for the construction in 1882.

1884 Beimen was established in 1884 in Taipei.

1895 In the first years of the ​Japanese colonial rule​, the Beimen was destroyed as part of the city's restructuring plan.

1945 After ​Taiwan's handover​ in 1945, the East, South, and Auxiliary South Gates were rebuilt, but the original appearances were not maintained. The North Gate (Beimen) alone retains its original appearance.

North Gate before the Zhongxiao Elevated Highway was demolished

This part of the city has a fairly long history, at least by Taipei standards. There are a lot of historic sites in a small area. It's also been changing a lot over the past couple of years, and will continue to do so (the Zhongxiao Bridge elevated highway has been demolished and a lot of buildings are being renovated). I'll probably come back and update this after the museums in the TRA HQ and the post office are open. I'm going to go through each of the existing sites chronologically from the Qing Dynasty to the modern era where I can. They are all located within a few minutes walk of each other.

NORTH GATE (ĺŒ—é–€) AND THE OLD WALLED CITY.

In the very early days Taipei it was not a single unified city. Rather, it was a number of scattered settlements. These were mostly separated along Han Chinese clan lines or were indigenous settlements. When immigration rates from China increased in the 18th and 19th centuries most immigrants settled with people who had moved from the same province or city. A lot of people from Quanzhou and Zhangzhou settled in Wanhua. After a conflict between different groups of migrants in 1853 many moved to Dadaocheng. People from these two settlements (and other groups) continued to be hostile to each other, and there were frequent small battles.

North Gate and the city walls. ​Source

The walled city was built between these two enclaves. It encompassed government buildings and the city's main Matzu temple (formerly located in the present 228 Memorial Park). This central area was intended to be insulated from the various conflicting settlements. The walls could also help defend against marauders and bandits, which were still a problem back then. The walls and gates were completed in 1884. There were five gates: North, East, South, Little South, and West. Little South Gate (小南門) was apparently built for the wealthy Lin clan, who also built the south wall. This was so they and their clan didn't have to mingle with undesirables and enemies by using the other gates.

Archaeological remains of the city walls and the nearby city arsenal from the 19th century can be seen on the first level of Beimen MRT station.

Left: North Gate in the Qing Dynasty, from the exhibit in Beimen Station. Above: In the 1920's after the walls were taken down. ​Source

The Japanese demolished the city walls as they were constricting development of the city and the railway. Of the five gates, four remain. West gate (輿門) was demolished along with the walls. North Gate is the only gate to retain its original architectural style. The other gates were remodeled in a Chinese palace style

by Chaing Kai Shek, as part of his sinicization drive. The North Gate was left unaltered after scholars petitioned to have it preserved in its original style.

East and South Gates in the northern Chinese palace style.

From the Japanese era to the present day the gate itself has changed little but the area around it has completely transformed.

The North Gate area in around 1945. From my Historic Taipei Map. Most of the sites in this post that were extant in that time can be seen. However the railway workers' village was a little too far west to include.

Since the elevated road was demolished the northern side of the gate has been visible. I wonder if something will be done about the grotty building on the right (The signs were eventually taken off but it still looks crap). On the left is Beimen Post Office.

Now the Zhongxiao Bridge Road has been demolished the gate is free. The area feels much more spacious and people friendly now. There were a lot of visitors to the gate when I went as it has been getting a lot of publicity lately. I'm glad to see people connect with this piece of Taipei’s history. Previously this area was deserted by pedestrians and largely a forgotten part of town.

A Famosa, Melaka Timeline of A Famosa Malacca 1511 The Portuguese fleet arrived Malacca and defeated the armies of Malacca Sultanate. The Portuguese believed that Malacca would became an important port linking Portugal to the Spice Route in China, so they built the fortress around the natural hill.

1586 The fort was expanded in 1586 to accommodate Malacca’s population.

1641 The Dutch wrested control of A famosa from the Portuguese and drove them out from the city.

1670 The Dutch renovated the gate in 1670, which explains the logo "ANNO 1670" inscribed on the gate's ​arch​.

1806 The A famosa changed hand again in the late 18th century when the Dutch handed it over to British.​ ​The English ordered its destruction in 1806 to avoid the fortress falls into

enemies hand.

1810 Sir Stamford Raffles (founder of Singapore) stepped in before the complete destruction of the old fortress. It was a close call though and the crumbling remains of Porta de Santiago, a small gate house, were all that could be salvaged from total destruction.

Portuguese History

At the beginning of the 16th century, the Portuguese were establishing outposts in Macau, China and India in order to create a string of friendly ports for their ships plying the routes between China and Portugal. Malacca’s growing popularity meant that it was fast becoming an important link for Portugal to the Spice Route in China. In 1511 the Portuguese fleet, under the command of Alfonso de Albuquerque arrived and launched an attack on the armies of the Malacca Sultanate and defeated them. Albuquerque moved swiftly to consolidate his gains by building a fortress around a hill near the sea. He used 1,500 slaves to construct A’Famosa as a stronghold to defend against foreign invasion.

Dutch History

In 1641 the Dutch wrested control of A’Famosa from the Portuguese and drove them out of the city. What remains is largely the Dutch reconstruction as they carried out renovation works in 1670, following the siege. To this day you can see a small inscription (ANNO 1670) on the fort’s

arch as well as the coat-of-arms of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). A’Famosa changed hands again when Malacca fell into British hands during expansionist Napoleonic times. Initially under the impression that the VOC was to act as a caretaker administration until a time when the Dutch were able to fully resume control, they had no idea the fort would soon be lost to them forever.

British History

Due to the fact that they offered too little and asked for too much, the Dutch forces soon lost the respect of their Malay subjects and in the early 19th century Malacca was fully conquered by the British. Wary of maintaining the fort, should it fall into enemy hands, the English ordered its destruction in 1806. Fortunately, Sir Stamford Raffles (founder of Singapore) who was visiting Malacca in 1810 arrived in the nick of time. Due to his love of history he stepped in before the complete destruction of the old fortress. It was a close call though and the crumbling remains of Porta de Santiago, a small gate house, were all that could be salvaged from total destruction.

When work was undertaken on the Menara Taming Sari revolving tower in 2006, another part of the A’Famosa was discovered. As a result the revolving tower was relocated further inland and A’Famosa’s newly-discovered fortress walls were reconstructed.

Melaka during Portuguese Era (1613) , Dutch Era (1753) , British Era (1916) and Post Independance (1987)

Melaka nowadays comparing to the history

The Foot of St. Paul Hil - Historical landmark This area represents a​ collection of civic structures dated back to the Portuguese occupation​.

Centred in the A’ Famosa, this area has witnessed many events that took place in the city’s history, both militarily and socially. The history of Melaka uses this location as a backdrop for the Light and Sound Spectacular. Incorporating the latest technological advancements in multimedia presentations, the city has included this​ facility​ for its residents and visitors. This development was undertaken by the Melaka Museums Body (PERZIM) ​to showcase the cultural heritage of the city in a medium that is both enjoyable and expected by the current information technology generation​. History of the city is portrayed utilizing lights, sounds and narration giving buildings or manuscripts.

Day view of A’Famosa

Extra Info : ​http://malacca.attractionsinmalaysia.com/Porte-De-Santiago.php

Characteristics Bei Men, Taipei http://www.udd.gov.taipei/pages/detail.aspx?Node=39&Page=3338

SWOT Analysis of Beimen Strength Located near to other tourists spots Conveniency in transportation Strong historical background Weakness Lack of commercial activities to attract more tourists Development restricted due to small land remaining

A Famosa, Melaka http://malacca.attractionsinmalaysia.com/Porte-De-Santiago.php

SWOT Analysis of Afamosa Strength Located in the heart of the tourist spot.

One of the UNESCO heritage site which is a good attraction of tourists.

Become one of the tourist spot to promote Malacca history.

Weakness Difficult to access by public transport.

Commercial activities is restricted due to historical architecture style.

Crowded with local people and tourists during weekend caused congestion.

Opportunities Improve the infrastructure such as public transports The only Portugal style architecture that remains in Malaysia.

There are shopping malls and other tourist spots like Malacca Stadhuys, St Paul Hill located near to A Famosa which will maintain stable flow of tourist.

Treats The traffic are not planning well will cause inconvenience of local people.

The City Landscape of Malacca (Melaka) Introduction The continuing function of Melaka city as the administrative, financial and trade capital of the state is a testimony to the adaptability and sustainability of the city since its formation. Accessing city from the major highway, the image portrayed is a city that is disciplined, organized and has a well planned layout. The meticulous detail to landscaping along the main artery symbolises the strength of the city. Cleanliness is also evident and for a major Malaysian city, that is a very commendable achievement.

Melaka city is dissected into two parts, the inner core and the outer core. This has been planned in order to maintain and preserve the cultural and heritage importance of sites within the inner core by dispersing activities that are not directly involved. Congestion and pollution is drastically reduced by this application of separation. The outer core provides a modern balance to the antiquated inner core and is connected through well thought landscaping efforts that blend seamlessly into the build elements of the city. This city has been able to progress without disregarding its’ past but by embracing it fully

Malacca Today

Traditional houses and modern complex along Melaka River

Symbiosis between the old and new is one way to describe the current city. Adaptive reuse of heritage and mature sites are being carried out with great effect. Modernization has crept into the urban services, structural design, city administration and other urban elements. The city has come to realize that being accepting modernization, the city would be able to have a sustainable growth because of the efficiency and quality of the current methods of human endeavours are able to provide. Good planning in the placement of new development sites and structures creating an interesting visual panorama. The city is expanding its’ health, educational, social and recreational elements to cope with increasing demand from residents and visitors. In terms of land scarcity within the inner city, new planning and development corridors mapped out by the State government. Land reclamation off the coast is also an avenue that increases the available land in the city.

Conservation of Built Heritage The legacy of the historic buildings in Malacca forms part of the city’s principal attraction.

Constructed over the past 400 years, these buildings are testimony to the rise and fall of not only a city but of empires. The collection of historic buildings also represents the different cultural and religious influences that form the rich cultural mix in Malacca today. Conservation and preservation are integral components of urban design and for the case of Malacca; the primary component. Conservation is not only concentrated on preserving the original character of individual buildings but covers the overall character of the old Malacca city. This includes protecting the historic areas from the forces of development, introducing laws and guidelines as well as the physical effort of refurbishing the historic buildings to their original state. Inputs from the local residents and council are used to formulate the Melaka Historical Action Plan to periodically target specific neighbourhood from time to time. This action plan focuses on guidelines for specific sites and differs from neighbourhood to neighbourhood.

Problem Bei Men,Taipei

A Famosa, Melaka PROBLEM STATEMENT River , Traffic problem( Bicycle, Public Transport, Walk way reorganize), ….

“The emission of effluence from motor vehicles and vibrations created by heavy vehicles may have a negative effect on the historical buildings in the town,” he observes.

Some trishaws are decorated with popular cartoon characters that do not mirror Malacca’s cultural identity.

Read more at https://www.star2.com/travel/malaysia/2016/10/15/are-we-losing-the-real-malacca/#PTs7feKHtg5 QG7XB.99

Problem in Melaka city 1. Traffic to Portugese settlement is not bad even during rush hours. However traffic around Malacca City tend to get worse on weekends and public holidays.

2. Addition of external construction element to the arch of the A’ Famosa building

3. Occurance of transportation trips to another xx of Melaka City (eg: from Foot of St. Paul Hil to Jesus the Redeemer Statue)

Solutions Bei Men & A Famosa ( same form of problem solving)

PRECEDENT STUDY (Transportation problem for walkway and cycling path)

Transportation 怎么样给公共交通提供更多的基础设施，更好的整合慢行交通，是我们努力的方向。​国际很多城市 都做了很多努力，像首尔的城市改造，伦敦透过拥堵费，把收来的90%的钱用来改善公交的环境 ，改善六千个车站的信息系统。澳大利亚的布里斯班，是用公交专用路(Busways)来推动整个城市 大众捷运系统的改善。首尔的城市改造，它把市政府前面以小汽车为导向的街道空间设计，改变成 一个大的人民广场，这一个转变在这个世纪初是非常有名的案例，也值得我们去学习。把更多的街 道转型改变，让更多的慢行交通使用。纽约市在十年前先透过无车日的宣导，把街道重新安排，你 看它是先用很简单的措施来做。 How to provide more infrastructure for public transportation and better integrate slow traffic is the direction of our efforts. Many cities in the world have made a lot of efforts, like the urban transformation in Seoul, London through the congestion charge, the 90% of the money received to improve the public transport environment, improve the information system of 6,000 stations. Brisbane, Australia, uses Busways to drive improvements in the mass transit system throughout the city. It changed the car-oriented street space design in front of the city government into a large people's square. This transformation was a very famous case at the beginning of this century, and it is worth learning. Change more street changes and let more slow traffic use. New York City reorganized the street through car-free day propaganda a decade ago. You see it is done with very simple measures.

我们再看台北，这么多好的理念、这么多国际经验，其实台北面临巨大的挑战。这个是台北日常的 生活状况，​高峰通行时间，就是摩托车，他们都还蛮守规矩的，能够排队进出。 As compared to the ​trishaws​ at melaka

Future Planning Bei Men, Taipei FUTURE PLANNING OF TAIPEI Some is related to Bei Men, so meaning that can apply in Malacca

一、西門門戶計劃 「​西區門戶計畫​」提供水岸公共住宅、整體交通規劃及公車路線調整、北門廣場再 造、台北願景館、​下沉式廣場與蜷曲地景規劃。

二、大同地區再生計劃 「大同地區再生計畫」打造​藍色公路​與​跨堤景觀長廊​、建構完善的​綠色交通​路徑、​提 升傳統產業競爭力​與商圈串聯、公辦都更打造綠色智慧社區、校園及市場空間​活化​利

用。

三、社子島開發計劃（方案一：運河社子島；方案二：生態社子島） 「社子島開發」有運河社子島和生態社子島這兩種方案。

This one can compared to sungai melaka.

How to transport the goods and having a good view of deck.

四、東區門戶計劃 「東區門戶計畫」預計強化交通轉運樞紐、加速推動公辦都更、建設公共住宅社區、 打造​新創產業廊帶​、建構​立體聯通系統​。

五、松機地區再生計劃 「松機地區再生」包含大尺度​河岸生態開放空間​、產業發展儲備用地、商業與住宅區 域規劃。

六、中正萬華復興計劃 「中正萬華復興計畫」將整頓萬華車站、加速啟動捷運萬大線、串聯大南海博物館園 區文化據點、忠義南機場整宅、市場改建投資計畫、藍色水岸生態計畫。

七、創意產業廊帶計劃 「創意產業廊帶」計劃部分，將串聯建國啤酒廠、空軍總部、松山菸廠、台北機廠。

八、公辦都更+公共住宅計劃 「公辦都更+公共住宅」將有忠義國小南機場公辦都更、廣慈博愛園區、明倫創造力學 園與中繼住宅。

Taipei City's 30-Year Urban Development Vision Program Eco-City Development Strategy and Action Plan

Project origin

Since the beginning of the 20th century, "sustainable development" has become a cross-cutting issue that is valued by the world. Experts and scholars from all over the world have continuously proposed relevant planning thinking, including ​sustainable development, ecological planning and design, ecological industrial zones, ecological street profiles, In addition to the continuous promotion of ecological planning and design thinking, ecological communities emphasize the rapid development of green building thoughts with energy conservation, waste reduction, recycling and environmental symbiosis​. These ideas have gradually merged to form an “ecological city” plan through cross-disciplinary integration. The conceptual basis of the design.

Taipei is surrounded by mountains on the northeast and southeast of the city. It has the characteristics of wind, fire, mountains, forests and water. It is one of the few cities in the world with natural ecological characteristics. In order to realize the harmony between man and nature, create an ecological city and make cities and nature. balance and reached economic development, social harmony and ecological goal of a virtuous circle, just when the mayor took office in the White Paper that is made "due to global climate change, the urgent need to promote sustainable development and healthier, more suitable for people living in the city, planning for 30 years The urban development plan of 50 years will make Taipei City full of greenery, the diversity of trees, grass, flowers, soil and animal insects. Biodiversity is closely related to the sustainability of the city. The development of the city is closely integrated with nature . "Building a 21st century eco-city."

At present, the world is facing major changes. Human activities have made the earth beyond load capacity, and the foundation on which all human civilization is based is facing many serious challenges. Climate change has disrupted the entire ecosystem, rising global oil prices and prices, and uneven distribution of regional water resources, resulting in drought or flooding, which can lead to famine and the spread of large numbers of refugees, leading to new conflicts around the world. Therefore, the city firmly believes that a bold vision should be adopted, coupled with strong leadership to meet and turn the global challenge into an opportunity to create a new future for the city, creating a 21st century eco-city.

Taipei six topics of eco-city are proposed: a) Tree Green, b) Aqua hydrophilic water conservation, c) Infrastructure green public, d) People green living circle, e) Energy energy saving carbon reduction, f) Intelligent ecological ecology City,

(a) Tree Green Green home Due to the gradual reduction of green space caused by the development of Taipei City, in order to ​improve urban greenery and protect the natural ecology, restore the original comfortable living environment, adopt a comprehensive greening strategy, and expand the green map from the urban scale of Taipei to the architectural scale.​ . Utilizing the geographical environment of the surrounding waters on the side of the mountain in Taipei, the road green corridor connects the large park green space in Taipei City to ​develop the open space​ double loop project. Under this framework, the existing green belt and the neighboring green network are reviewed on a neighborhood scale. Fill in the deficiencies, promote the roof and facade greening of buildings, and enhance the greenery in the urban cement jungle.

Urban pastoral life Due to the ​limited urban land​, the “​Development of High-Rise Agriculture​” is used to vertically filter the polluted air, and the green nutrients and agricultural production are directly brought into the city. In the future, the​ leisure agriculture building center will be introduced into the administrative districts of Taipei City​. The diet population experiences the fun and achievements of planting. The primary and secondary school campuses and neighborhood parks in the community are demonstration stages. The home office environment is set up to attract butterflies and flowers to ​return to the natural lifestyle​ and​ develop organic agriculture​ to enhance green and air quality. Bring a healthy life.

(2) Aqua hydrophilic water protection Retrieving the clear freshwater river

In order to make our water environment adapt to climate change, water-free and freshwater systems are transformed into a ​hydrophilic space​ that can be used for fishing and watering. In the north-south land environment, “​constructing a highly efficient urban water circulation system​” should be used to improve water and rainwater. The reuse of water, the reduction of water leakage and the construction of a continuous sanitary sewer will allow all sewage to be treated and then discharged. At the same time, the highland land of the freshwater system will be used to purify the water in an ecological way to achieve double purification and make the waters full of vitality. Activate the freshwater river.

Taipei City without flooding In order to reduce the impact of heavy rain, build a green street with water and water storage functions to ​collect rainwater from roads, bridges and sidewalks and connect the rainwater parks in series​. At the same time, each building base follows the Taipei City General Water Control Countermeasures, targeting hillsides, flat lands and flooding potentials. The research in the area will increase the proportion of water-permeable area and water retention volume, and cooperate with the urban water circulation strategy to improve the reuse of rainwater, mitigate the impact of heavy rain, and then discharge it into the freshwater system after rainwater purification treatment to reduce the pollution of river water by rainwater discharge.

Restore the natural water environment With clean water quality, the goal of ​creating a hydrophilic environment ​can be achieved. By repairing the rivers and waters of the sulphur stream , the city, the city , and the rivers, we will adjust the microclimate of the city, and review the existing riverside parks with many artificial facilities, and set up the embankment facilities so that the citizens can get close to the water and carry out leisure activities.

(3) Infrastructure green public office Return to the human traffic environment In order to ​reduce the pollution of our traffic environment and meet the needs of frequent urban activities​, we should abandon the traditional practice of road-building and lead the way to increase the popularity of mass transit, as can be seen from the opening of the road network in the early days of the MRT. The usage rate of mass transit vehicles in Taipei increased from 23.8% in the Republic of China to 43.8% in the Republic of China in 1996. It shows that the construction of a perfect mass transit system has played a key role in the close Taipei City, so the overall MRT in Taipei City After the completion of the road network, the MRT road network is the main structure, with the re-examination of the bus network to reduce the number of transfers, and improve the efficiency and punctuality of the bus. When the mass transit system is sound, a strategy to reduce the use of private vehicles will be introduced, which will not only ​improve air pollution​, but also return the city to a ​people-centered environment.

Zero pollution green traffic In remote transportation, we​ use mass transit vehicles​ to ​reduce environmental pollution​. ​Traffic in the neighborhood of the community focuses on the safety and comfort of the pedestrian

environment, while taking into account the soundness of the bicycle environment​. The main opportunity is that after the completion of the MRT network. The use of mass transit has increased and the lane utilization rate has decreased. It can be used to review the road type ​to increase the area of sidewalks, street trees and bicycle lanes, and gradually return the streets to pedestrians​ so that the public can stroll down the shade and breathe fresh air, not only along the street. Commercial activities have also increased the willingness of citizens to walk and ride bicycles, and move towards zero-pollution green traffic.

(4) People green living circle Settlement lifestyle in the city The settlement type of life style was promoted by eco-environmental professionals in the 1990s, mainly through the complete community basic living facilities and the spontaneous power of community residents, ​reducing the occurrence of transportation trips and developing a carbon-neutral, zero-abandon community environment. This is a joint effort between the hardware and software of the community​.

On the hardware side, the city of Taipei is a city that is closely mixed, through the citywide survey and analysis, reviewing the basic needs of living within 15 minutes of walking distance, identifying inadequate facilities and areas, using policies and rewards to make up; When there is high or insufficient energy, ​the public can still maintain basic needs on foot​. In addition, through the overall development of the rewarded street profile, the planning and ​design of the energy saving, water resources and greening of the street profile and facilities will be set up through standard setting and demonstration​; through comprehensive review and integration of individual bases, Gradually transform the city into an environment of life, production and ecological symbiosis.

In terms of software, through the two-pronged education and publicity of the school and the community, changing the original living habits and attitudes, paying attention to environmental issues, implementing the concept of protecting the earth, forming a bottom-up national movement, and the prosperity of the community organizations in Taipei Close to the feelings of being at the local level, it is an indispensable part of developing a settlement life mode.

(5) Energy energy saving and carbon reduction Common carbon reduction love the earth Among the greenhouse gas emissions in Taipei, the emissions from the residential sector and the transportation sector account for the largest proportion. These two sectors are the most critical and most in need of improvement.

In the residential sector, energy conservation is considered in the life cycle of new construction, construction, maintenance and demolition in the urban development zone, based on the consideration of “​saving first and then recycling​” and encouraging the conservation of existing electricity. Encourage the promotion of regional energy in large office areas, and encourage the

establishment of solar photovoltaic energy in buildings, parks, and green space squares; continue to improve the efficiency of incineration waste power generation, biogas power generation, and hydropower generation around the city, and set up research on renewable energy industrial parks. The development of new energy sources, including the potential of geothermal energy utilization and other new energy sources in Dagushan, will be started by the government departments to lead all enterprises and citizens to reduce carbon and love the earth.

In addition to the environmental improvement strategies promoted by the public transport, walking and bicycles in the public sector, the transport sector has adopted the "first reduction and replacement" as a measure to reduce pollution emissions and update the old Some parts of old motor vehicles may be encouraged to be upgraded, and then alternative vehicles and clean energy fuels will be developed to achieve a zero-emissions vision.

(6) Intelligent Smart Eco-City Taipei's intelligent ecology is twice the result with half the effort Taipei City is now integrating with Intelligent City and Ubiquitous as UI-Taipei2010, promoting the three major aspects of e-government, networked community and digital life function, and increasing the convenience of life by digitalization of the city​. At the same time, it is beneficial to the ecologicalization of the city, including the ​intelligent transportation system​.

A famosa, Melaka Malacca Tomorrow A living Museum with excellent infrastructure and a community that is harmonious and ideal is seen an attainable goal. The city has laid down the foundation to achieve that and more. Utilizing its historical global reach, Malacca is attempting to regain prominence by developing different resources other than tourism as an economic development generator. Emphasis is placed on developing the mindset and education of its residents to be a global citizen. The background for achieving global prominence has been proven and it would be a matter of time before Melaka is once again a major crossroads of the East and West.

Malacca city image