As we embrace the warmth of spring, the March issue of Landscape Middle East celebrates the art of patience, recognising that true beauty often unfolds over time.
Our cover story, Worth the Wait, invites you into Villa 122 at Dubai Hills Estate, where Nabil Sherif of NGS Architects has crafted a landscape that seamlessly blends earthy elegance with modern sophistication. Drawing inspiration from cherished Greek family holidays, the design evokes a Mediterranean sanctuary tailored for contemporary living. From the striking entrance, featuring a majestic Washingtonia tree, to the organic curves of the temperature-controlled overflow pool, the villa›s landscape achieves a harmonious balance of form and function.
In Bhutan, the forthcoming Gelephu International Airport exemplifies the fusion of tradition and innovation. This structure integrates Bhutanese craftsmanship with modern design, reflecting the nation›s rich heritage while embracing future possibilities.
In Maharashtra, India, Roheena Nagpal’s farmhouse stands as a testament to organic elegance. The residence harmoniously combines modern minimalism with rustic charm, creating a tranquil retreat that resonates with comfort and the quiet joys of living.
Closer to home, Expo City Dubai has been recognised as a model for sustainable urban living. We meet the team behind the masterplan, UNStudio and SLA, who aim to preserve the legacy of Expo 2020, while introducing innovative design and environmental strategies, setting a new benchmark for urban development in the region.
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Dubai Expo 2020
Palm Jumeirah - Dubai
Hamad International Airport - Qatar
BEYOND Developments has announced the launch of Sensia, its third project within the 8 million sq. ft. masterplanned development at Dubai Maritime City (DMC). Sensia follows the earlier success of Saria and Orise, with strong interest reported from local, regional, and international investors.
Sensia is designed by Hirsch Bedner Associates (HBA), a wellknown hospitality design firm. Its
architecture features angled floor plates to enhance privacy and provide 360-degree panoramic views of the Dubai skyline and the Arabian Gulf. Interiors by Design World Partnership (DWP) incorporate natural textures and contemporary finishes.
The 36-storey tower will offer 275 residences, including one-, two-, and three-bedroom apartments, as well as three-bedroom garden duplexes and
a signature penthouse with waterfront views. The development will include a range of amenities such as a gymnasium, yoga studios, landscaped gardens, and direct access to waterfront dining and a promenade.
Sensia is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2029. It is located in Dubai Maritime City, approximately 10 minutes from Jumeirah’s beaches and 15 minutes from Downtown Dubai.
BEYOND DEVELOPMENTS ANNOUNCES SENSIA AT DUBAI MARITIME CITY
U+A APPOINTS AHMED
TAWAKOL
DIRECTOR OF URBAN PLANNING AND LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE,
USHERING IN A NEW ERA OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN DESIGN
In a bold step forward for landscape architecture and urban design, U+A has appointed Ahmed Tawakol as its new Director of Urban Planning and Landscape Architecture. With a career spanning 25 years and an extensive global portfolio, Ahmed’s arrival marks a significant milestone for the firm as it continues to shape the urban fabric of the region.
A designer at heart, Ahmed brings a dual background in architecture and landscape architecture. His career has taken him to 10 major cities, contributing to built projects across 25 locations worldwide. His expertise spans large-scale civic spaces, waterfront developments, green infrastructure, and commercial, mixed-use, hospitality, and ecological tourism projects.
“I’m thrilled to join U+A, a major player in the region with an award-winning team—at such a pivotal moment,” Ahmed shared. “With the innovation and global expertise of Egis, I look forward to shaping cities through urban destinations that are as resilient as they are inspiring.”
Having worked with leading firms in Dubai, China, the UK, the US, the Netherlands, and Hong Kong, Ahmed is known for seamlessly bridging disciplines, scales, and typologies. His approach integrates human and ecological processes into transformative, sustainable designs, from visionary master planning to detailed site execution.
U+A, renowned for its multidisciplinary expertise, sees Ahmed’s appointment as a catalyst for growth and innovation. In a statement, the firm emphasized:
“Ahmed Tawakol’s appointment is an exciting step forward for U+A. His extensive expertise and global perspective will be instrumental in strengthening our capabilities and expanding our impact in the region. His ability to harmonize human and ecological priorities aligns perfectly with our vision for sustainable, forward-thinking design.”
As he steps into his new role, Ahmed brings a deep passion for urban open spaces and ecological urbanism,
principles that will undoubtedly shape U+A’s upcoming projects. Landscape Magazine had the opportunity to speak with Ahmed about his vision for landscape architecture, the challenges facing the industry, and how he plans to redefine urban design in the region.
With such a diverse global background, how has working in different cities influenced your design philosophy?
Having worked across 10 major cities and over 25 project locations, I’ve learned that commonalities are just as important as differences. Every place has its unique
challenges, climate, culture, regulations, but human interaction with the built environment is universal. Principles of ecology, sustainability, and social engagement transcend borders. My global experience has shaped a design approach that is both flexible and deeply contextual.
You emphasize urban open spaces and ecological urbanism. How do these principles shape the future of landscape architecture in the Middle East?
The Middle East is undergoing a major shift in awareness. In the past, landscape architecture was often seen as an aesthetic enhancement rather than a core component of urban resilience. Today, with climate change, extreme temperatures, and shifting weather patterns, green infrastructure, watersensitive design, and urban cooling strategies are no longer optional, they’re essential. The region has the potential to lead in ecological urbanism, integrating adaptive landscapes, nature-based solutions, and sustainable urban planning into its rapid expansion.
What excites you most about joining U+A at this moment?
Two key factors make this an incredible time. First, the Middle East is witnessing unprecedented urban transformation, from Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 to the UAE’s sustainability commitments. Second, U+A is entering a new era under
Egis, a global powerhouse in architecture, engineering, and infrastructure. The chance to shape large-scale, innovative projects with a firm that values design excellence and sustainability is truly exciting.
You’ve worked on large-scale public spaces and waterfront master plans. What are some transformative projects from your career?
Two projects stand out.
The Apple Store plaza on Fifth Avenue in New York, a relatively small-scale project but an exercise in precision, where even a drainage cover’s thickness was scrutinized to maintain design purity. It became one of the most visited urban spaces in the world.
The Xinxia Waterfront in China, a 5.2-kilometer-long urban park, transformed a flood control levee into a thriving public space.
Both reinforced a key lesson: great landscape design, whether a small plaza or a city-scale intervention, demands the same level of thought, attention to detail, and humancentric focus.
What strategies are crucial for designing climateresilient urban environments?
Water management is one of the most overlooked yet critical factors in arid climates. Historically, cities have
treated flood mitigation as an engineering problem, rather than an integrated landscape solution. We need to rethink this approach. Stormwater retention areas, permeable surfaces, and green corridors can serve both functional and social purposes, managing extreme weather while enhancing public life. Likewise, shifting away from excessive turf landscaping toward adaptive vegetation and ecological buffers will make cities more resilient, efficient, and livable.
How do you balance ecological processes with human-centric design in high-density urban environments?
The key is integration, not separation. Natural systems shouldn’t be an afterthought, they should be woven into the urban fabric. The best landscapes support biodiversity, mitigate heat, manage water, and promote well-being, all while remaining inviting and functional. The industry must move away from the idea of landscape as decoration, it’s essential infrastructure.
The Middle East’s urban landscape is evolving rapidly. How does landscape architecture shape the identity of new cities?
A city’s identity is defined by its public spaces. In extreme climates, the challenge is striking the right balance between built environments and nature. Success isn’t about how much greenery a city has, but how well its landscapes enhance quality of life. We need to move beyond ornamental gardens toward functional landscapes, shaded streets, green corridors, and urban cooling strategies that serve both people and the environment.
How does U+A’s connection to Egis impact the firm’s landscape projects?
Egis brings global expertise in infrastructure, engineering, and urban planning, complementing U+A’s strong design foundation. This interdisciplinary approach allows us to tackle large-scale urban transformations across the Middle East, particularly in Saudi Arabia and the UAE. Collaboration across disciplines ensures that our landscapes are holistic, future-proof, and innovative.
Accessibility in landscape design is a growing focus worldwide. How do you integrate inclusive design into your projects?
Accessibility should never be an afterthought. My rule has always been simple: any public space should be navigable without excessive ramps or handrails. A well-designed landscape allows everyone, children, the elderly, wheelchair users, or those with temporary mobility challenges, to move effortlessly. Good design is inherently inclusive.
What are your goals for the next year at U+A, and what legacy do you hope to leave in the region?
We’re expanding our landscape portfolio, moving beyond traditional projects into large-scale urban realms and ecological infrastructure. My vision is to elevate the role of landscape architecture in city-making. I want to drive a cultural shift, where landscape isn’t just an aesthetic layer but a fundamental force in urban development. If I can help redefine how the Middle East values public space, that will be my greatest achievement.
A NATURE-BASED FUTURE CENTRE OF DUBAI
By: SLA
Expo City Dubai stands as a testament to innovation and legacy, building on the remarkable success of Expo 2020 Dubai — the first World Expo held in the Middle East, Africa, and South Asia. Over its six-month duration, the event attracted more than 24 million visitors from 192 nations, setting a new benchmark for global engagement. Following the Expo’s conclusion, the site played host to COP 28, further cementing its status as a hub for international dialogue and progress.
Now, with the unveiling of the Expo City Dubai Masterplan, the site is poised to become a model for future urban development in Dubai — an
innovation-driven, nature-based, and peoplecentric community. Developed by UNStudio (urban design and architecture) and SLA (landscape and public space design) in collaboration with Buro Happold (engineering and sustainability), Endpoint (wayfinding), Compass (cost consultancy), LDC (lighting), EGIS (architect of record), and Vedra (project management), the masterplan is an ambitious blueprint for sustainable urban living. It is one of five urban centers in the Dubai 2040 Urban Master Plan and a strategic step toward the UAE’s broader goal of achieving net zero by 2050.
Preserving the Legacy of Expo 2020
The new masterplan carefully preserves the fabric and spirit of Expo 2020, retaining over 80% of the original infrastructure and buildings. This thoughtful integration ensures that Expo City Dubai remains cohesive, building on the value of the Expo’s built environment while adapting to new functional and social needs.
Spanning 3.5 square kilometers, the site will undergo phased development, allowing the city to evolve organically. Once complete, it will be home to over 35,000 residents and 37,000 professionals, while attracting around 50,000 visitors annually. The masterplan embraces a hybrid model of living, working, and leisure — creating a vibrant, future-ready urban hub.
Five Distinct Districts
The Expo City Dubai masterplan is structured around five distinct districts, each blending existing Expo 2020 assets with new builds to create a harmonious and interconnected community.
Expo Downtown – A high-density mixed-use zone featuring the tallest building within Expo City. Designed for vibrant urban living, it will include residential, retail, and office spaces.
Expo Fields – A model for healthy living, this district will feature sports fields, schools, homes, retail outlets, F&B venues, and a large-scale music arena.
Expo Hills – A low-density residential community with a wadi-inspired landscape and lush gardens, offering a quieter, more intimate urban experience.
Expo Business – A dynamic campus-like environment tailored for innovative and entrepreneurial businesses that reflect Expo City’s commitment to sustainability.
Expo Valley – Located on the perimeter of the masterplan, this low-density residential neighborhood is scheduled for completion in 2026. It will feature a connection to Expo City Dubai through a landscaped park with micro-mobility paths, ensuring seamless accessibility.
Each district is designed with a thoughtful mix of residential, commercial, and leisure spaces — all within walking distance of green and blue networks that integrate parks, fields, gardens, and water features. This strategic layout encourages a walkable, human-scaled environment while promoting a sense of community and well-being.
A Nature-Based Expo Legacy
The landscape and public realm design, led by Danish studio SLA — known for Abu Dhabi’s award-winning Al Fay Park — reflects Expo 2020’s core themes of Sustainability, Mobility, and Opportunity. These guiding principles ensure a holistic and nature-based approach to urban design, creating a lush, vibrant environment that enhances the everyday experience.
The public realm will feature a diverse network of green spaces, including parks, plazas, sikkas (narrow alleyways), and urban forests. Over 30,000 native trees will be planted throughout the site, contributing to biodiversity and providing natural cooling to mitigate the urban heat island effect.
Among the most ambitious features is the creation of an urban ‘Expo Forest,’ designed to connect with the adjacent valley system. This undulating landscape will feature native ghaf trees, local wildlife, and an array of activities, from treetop climbing and birdwatching to urban farming — actively supporting the local ecosystem.
The landscape design also prioritizes highperformance climate action measures, addressing air pollution, heat reduction, and microclimate optimization. Active green networks, including shaded sports and play areas, will enhance public engagement, while dynamic plazas and high streets will foster social interaction.
Connecting with the Neighbors
The relocation of the Dubai Exhibition Centre (DEC) to Expo City Dubai presents a strategic opportunity to introduce new visitors and business activity. Special attention has been given to the interface between the DEC and Expo City to create a lively and inviting environment. The new configuration encourages crossover traffic, supporting a thriving ecosystem of retail, hospitality, office, and leisure spaces.
Seamless connectivity between Expo Valley and Expo City Dubai has been prioritized, with a new open park featuring cultural and recreational activities. A network of micro-mobility paths ensures easy access, while the addition of Expo Market — a local marketplace — will serve as a community hub, attracting both residents and visitors.
A Gateway to the World Expo City Dubai is also positioned to serve as a key destination for future visitors arriving through the new Al Maktoum International Airport — scheduled to open in 2030. The masterplan envisions a welcoming firststop experience, offering locally inspired hotels, farmto-table restaurants, and a vibrant cultural program. Thoughtful design ensures that Expo City Dubai functions not only as a residential and commercial hub but also as a global destination for transit passengers and first-time visitors to Dubai.
Sustainability at the Core
Sustainability is not just an aspiration — it’s a foundational principle of the Expo City Dubai masterplan. The project’s development aligns with the UAE’s broader decarbonization targets, focusing on environmental responsibility without compromising urban quality.
Key sustainability measures include: Protecting and increasing biodiversity. Reducing energy and water consumption. Expanding the use of clean energy and alternative water sources.
Prioritizing walking, cycling, and micromobility infrastructure.
Maximizing green space per resident.
All buildings within Expo City Dubai will meet LEED Gold certification standards, with infrastructure and public realm projects aiming for BREEAM Excellent ratings. The project has already received WELL Community Gold Certification, ensuring a strong focus on health and wellness.
Shaping the Future of Urban Living
Expo City Dubai represents a bold vision for the future — a place where innovation, sustainability, and human connection intersect. By retaining the architectural legacy of Expo 2020 while embracing new design and environmental strategies, the masterplan sets a new benchmark for urban development in the region. What sets Expo City Dubai apart is its ability to balance human needs with environmental stewardship — offering a model for cities of the
future. It is a living blueprint for how cities can grow responsibly, fostering a sense of belonging while minimizing ecological impact.
With its thoughtful integration of nature, infrastructure, and community, Expo City Dubai isn’t just a continuation of Expo 2020’s legacy — it’s a visionary step toward a more sustainable and connected future.
Project
Credits
Client: Expo City Dubai
Team: UNStudio: Masterplanning
SLA: Landscape & Public Realm design
Buro Happold: Mobility, Sustainability, Accessibility, Environmental Scope, Fire & Life Safety Design, Infrastructure Planning (Wet &Dry), Roads and Highways, Traffic Impact Study, Security, Microclimate, CFD Analysis, Solid Waste Management, SMART City, Acoustics
Endpoint: Wayfinding Strategy & Concept Design
LDC: Lighting Design
EGIS/WMI: Architect of Record
Vedra Developers FZ LLC: Project Management Support
CPP wind: Wind Engineering
RTC: TIS
AESG: EIA
Compass: Cost Consultant
Mimar Models: Physical Model
Visualisations by: Plomp, HISM and Hansinok
URBAN FIELD LAB: LEARNING CITIES BEYOND THE DRAWING BOARD URBAN FIELD LAB: LEARNING CITIES BEYOND THE DRAWING BOARD
By: Ingy Montasser Landscape Architect
Have you ever taken the time to truly experience and immerse yourself in a space before deigning one? Not just observing from afar, but walking through it—feeling its textures, understanding its dimensions and scale, and noticing how it influences human behavior and interaction?
In landscape architecture, much of the work today happens on screens rather than in the actual spaces being designed by professionals in the field. While drawings and plans are essential, true design excellence emerges beyond the studio, where spaces come to life and are felt and experienced by people.
Many landscape architects face a steep learning curve when transitioning from study to professional practice at the start of their careers. In design school, we learn to create landscapes on paper whithout hands on experience in the real world, we rarely get to explore the built environment in a way that shapes our design thinking. Understanding textures and materials composing, grasping the scale of a space are essential tools that define our design approach, and most importantly is capturing the emotional and sensory essence of a space, which often feels more theoretical rather than practical.
Urban Field Lab was created to bridge this gap, offering landscape architects, urban designers, and planners the chance to engage with the open spaces from a user’s perspective before shaping them as designers. With cities rapidly evolvong in this region, this approach is more important than ever. The true language of design is spoken not only through visuals but also through experiences felt firsthand.
The Concept Behind Urban Field Lab
I noticed that many young landscape architects whom i encounter on daily basis, were either new to the region and unfamiliar with the city’s urban fabric or accustomed to office-based design work with little direct experience of the spaces they were designing. This reminded me of my college days, when my peers focused on producing beautiful plans and sketches without fully understanding how those lines would translate into real spaces or affect the human experience.
A year ago, I launched Urban Field Lab as a small internal initiative at Parsons, initially called walking tours. A simple yet powerful idea aimed at changing the way landscape architects percieve the urban environment. It wasn’t about technical drawings or theoretical discussions, it was about stepping outside, walking through real spaces, and immersing ourselves in
I LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE
firsthand experiences. I wanted to create a space where fellow colleageues could study outdoor environment not as designers behind desk, but as users moving through them, observing, questioning, and criquing ho landscapes funtion in real life.
In our profession, we often focus on refining plans and renders without considering how a space feels. The integration of materials, textures, colours, and spatial arrangement shapes human emotions and the overall experience. Every line in a design holds meaning, but plans alone cannot capture the depth of a space. People experience landscapes not from a bird’s-eye view, but at ground level, navigating paths, feeling surfaces, and reacting emotionally to their environment.
The response to Urban Field Lab was overwhelmingly positive, and it quickly gained momentum. That’s when I realized it has potential to grow into something larger, a platform to build a community of landscape architects and urban designers committed to enhancing the built environment. Landscape architecture isn’t just about creating attractive spaces, it’s about designing experiences that engage all the senses and influence how people interact with their surroundings.
Expanding the Urban Field Lab Experience
To maximize participation and comfort, Urban Field Lab sessions will run during the cooler months, from November to early May, pausing during the summer heat. The program will expand beyond
Dubai, with planned sessions in Abu Dhabi and other emirates. We’re also launching tours in Riyadh, one of the Middle East’s fastest-growing cities, to explore how new public spaces respond to rapid urban transformation. Additionally, I’m organizing tours in my hometown, Cairo, with the goal of expanding the initiative beyond the Middle East to benchmark global best practices in public space design.
A key feature of these sessions is the opportunity to hear directly from the designers of the spaces. In some tours, the landscape architects responsible for the projects will lead the walk, sharing their thought processes, challenges, and lessons learned. This allows participants to understand how spaces have evolved over time and explore opportunities for future improvement.
Participants will gain practical insights into design approaches, material choices, planting strategies, and the dos and don’ts of outdoor space design. Each tour will highlight areas for improvement and key takeaways. To ensure these insights have lasting value, I will compile a post-tour publication summarizing our findings—creating a reference library for future projects in the region.
Bridging the Gap Between Design and Experience
Urban Field Lab is more than a series of tours—it’s a movement toward a deeper, more experiential understanding of the built environment. By stepping away from sketches and immersing
ourselves in real spaces, we can refine our design thinking and challenge the boundaries of landscape design. Whether you’re a designer, an urban enthusiast, or simply curious about how cities shape our experiences, this initiative offers a platform to learn, connect, and grow.
IT WAS WORTH THE WAIT
Villa 122, Golf Grove, Dubai Hills Estate, Dubai, UAE
By Nabil Sherif at NGS Architects
The landscape design for Villa 122 in Dubai Hills Estate is a masterful expression of earthy elegance, inspired by the client’s cherished memories of family holidays in Greece. The goal was to evoke the relaxed charm of Mediterranean destinations while creating a luxurious, functional outdoor retreat with a modern boho aesthetic and minimal maintenance. The result is a harmonious blend of sophistication and comfort — a space that effortlessly balances form and function.
A Grand Entrance
The entrance sets the tone for the entire design. To the right, a stylish planter box stands against a backdrop of graceful arches, creating an inviting focal point. To the left, a raised platform with a sleek perimeter bench anchors the space. At its center, a majestic Washingtonia tree rises from a bed of gravel and lush low-level planting, establishing a serene first impression. The careful interplay of texture and scale introduces the project’s overarching design language: understated elegance with a touch of drama.
Seamless Indoor-Outdoor Living
The villa’s front wall was extended outward to create an expansive outdoor entertaining area — a natural extension of the interior living space. This addition includes a chic BBQ island and a pergola, designed for both intimate gatherings and larger social events. The thoughtful positioning of the entertaining zone fosters seamless indoor-outdoor flow, encouraging relaxed alfresco living.
The Pool: A Flowing Masterpiece
The centerpiece of the design is a temperature-controlled overflow pool, which organically wraps around the villa’s contours. Its fluid, curvilinear form enhances the natural flow of the landscape, creating a sense of effortless connection between key elements. Stepping stones artfully traverse the water, linking the pool to a discreet shower area and two stair entrances positioned at different levels. A central bathing deck serves as the focal point — a sun-drenched platform inviting relaxation.
The First Specialised Landscape Magazine in the Middle East
I LANDSCAPE DESIGN
This organic pool design posed one of the project’s most complex challenges. The overflow perimeter channel required custom tiling templates, meticulously crafted to ensure flawless alignment and a seamless edge. All machinery for the pool’s operation was strategically installed underground, preserving the clean, minimalist aesthetic. Beneath the oval bathing platform, the balance tank was cleverly positioned to maximize both function and form — a testament to thoughtful space planning.
Shaded Comfort and Subtle Lighting
At the rear of the villa, a second pergola offers a shaded seating area with views of the pool and direct access from the dining and living areas. Hidden lighting throughout the space elevates the design’s luxurious ambiance, creating a tranquil, hotel-like atmosphere. The soft glow of integrated lighting transforms the garden into an intimate retreat, perfect for both day and night enjoyment.
A Lush, Private Sanctuary
The garden’s rear perimeter is framed by a verdant planter box filled with a curated selection of tropical trees and plants. This lush backdrop adds texture, color, and a sense of privacy, while enhancing the overall sensory experience of the space. Thoughtful
The First Specialised Landscape Magazine in the Middle East planting ensures that the garden remains vibrant and low-maintenance, aligning with the client’s desire for a relaxed yet polished aesthetic.
Overcoming Design Challenges with Precision
Achieving the organic shape of the pool was a complex engineering feat. Custom tiling templates were created one by one to ensure a flawless overflow edge — a painstaking process that required both technical expertise and creative problemsolving. The construction of the two pergolas, with their elegant arches, presented additional structural challenges. Careful engineering and meticulous execution ensured that the final result was both structurally sound and visually refined.
A Sustainable Approach
Sustainability was integral to the project’s execution. Wherever possible, materials were reused, and waste was responsibly disposed of in compliance with UAE regulations. This mindful approach minimized environmental impact without compromising the luxurious finish. The result is a design that reflects not only aesthetic excellence but also environmental responsibility.
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Pushing the Boundaries of Residential Design
What sets this project apart is its willingness to challenge convention. Residential clients in the region rarely take such bold creative risks — yet Villa 122 stands as a testament to the rewards of visionary design. While many clients settle for a garden that simply “ticks the boxes,” this project ventures beyond expectations, engaging the senses and creating an experience that feels personal and distinctive.
The client’s trust in the process was instrumental in realizing this ambitious vision. Their patience and openness to innovation allowed the design team to push boundaries and deliver a space that feels simultaneously timeless and contemporary.
An Elevated Outdoor Experience
Villa 122’s landscape design is more than just an outdoor space — it’s a refined sanctuary where luxury, relaxation, and functionality intersect. Thoughtful design choices, innovative engineering, and a commitment to sustainability have created a garden that not only fulfills practical needs but also elevates the everyday experience. This is a landscape that doesn’t just complement the home — it enhances it, creating a personal retreat that is both breathtaking and enduring.
TACKLING KEY CHALLENGES AND CHAMPIONING SUSTAINABILITY IN THE INDUSTRY
Sharjeel Ahmed Engineer-Landscape
Throughout my career in the landscaping industry, my passion has extended far beyond the professional sphere. I am driven by a deep commitment to continuous learning, exploration, and improvement — all to make a lasting impact and contribute to the industry’s long-term growth. This passion fuels my engagement with the tight-knit community of landscaping professionals in the UAE — a region where the industry is both expansive and intimate, where everyone knows each other.
What is Cuscuta, and Can It Be Fully Eradicated?
Cuscuta, commonly known as parasitic dodder, is an annual weed that attaches itself to host plants, wrapping tightly around them. Once attached, it produces haustoria — rootlike structures that penetrate the host’s vascular system, siphoning off nutrients. As the dodder’s vestigial root dies in the soil, the parasite becomes fully dependent on the host. Cuscuta spreads rapidly, weaving through the canopies of shrubs and trees, weakening the host plants and disrupting the overall aesthetic of the landscape.
A successful experimental trial was conducted to control Cuscuta. We applied Pendimethalin, a pre-emergent herbicide at a concentration of 3ml per liter of water. (The affected shrubs and groundcovers/beds were removed, and Pendimethalin was applied to the soil to prevent Cuscuta re-emergence and further spread). After two sprays, the infestation was completely eradicated.
Key Considerations for Effective Control:
Trimming the host plant along with this parasitic weed is ineffective; Cuscuta can regenerate from residual haustoria.
After removing the host plant and Cuscuta, wait at least 10 days before replanting. Dodder seeds germinate close to the surface and require a viable host within 5 to 10 days to survive.
Post-application irrigation is essential to activate the herbicide and create a barrier against seed germination.
Rotating plant species helps prevent reinfestation. Replacing shrubs with groundcovers or seasonal plants often yields better results.
Soil replacement is not necessary if Pendimethalin is correctly applied, as it provides sufficient control.
I LANDSCAPING INSIGHTS
Maintaining a Lawn with a Subsurface (Drip) Irrigation System
Verticutting — the process of removing thatch and improving aeration — is vital for lawn health, enhancing nutrient absorption and moisture retention. However, for lawns with subsurface drip irrigation systems, verticutting requires extra care. Before verticutting, it’s crucial to identify the depth of the drip tubes to avoid damaging them. Mismanagement of irrigation schedules is also another common issue. Many landscapers follow a blanket schedule — watering for 20 to 30 minutes twice daily — which isn’t always suitable for lawns with subsurface systems. Unlike surface irrigation, subsurface systems deliver water directly to the root zone, reducing evaporation. Overwatering can lead to root rot and fungal infections, ultimately degrading lawn health.
Best Practices for Managing Subsurface Irrigation:
Adjust Irrigation Frequency: Base watering schedules on soil moisture levels rather than a fixed time frame.
Cyclic Fungicide Application: Regular use of fungicides helps prevent fungal infections.
Tailored Fertilization: Ensure nutrient application meets the lawn’s specific needs.
Regular Monitoring: Assess irrigation efficiency and lawn health frequently to adjust practices as needed.
Are Some Common Landscaping Plants Toxic?
It’s always amusing when this question pops up on LinkedIn or social media. Landscaping plants are generally chosen for their ornamental value — not their edibility. While some may contain toxins, they only pose a risk if ingested. Perhaps a more effective strategy would be to raise awareness through subtle yet clear signage. A simple message like, “I want to stay beautiful — please don’t touch or pluck me,” could do the trick.
Examples of Toxic Ornamental Plants:
Nerium oleander
Vinca (Catharanthus roseus)
Crinum lily
Lantana camara
Dieffenbachia
While there is zero risk unless consumed, educating the public can help prevent unnecessary contact.
Is Sustainability Achievable in Landscaping?
Absolutely — sustainability in landscaping is attainable through thoughtful planning and strategic practices. Small, consistent actions can significantly reduce environmental impact while maintaining landscape health and beauty.
Key Strategies for Sustainable Landscaping:
Use Native Plants: Native species are often xerophytic, requiring less water and maintenance. For instance, Aerva javanica, Cenchrus ciliaris, Leptadenia pyrotechnica, Encelia farinosa, Convolvulus virgatus, Euphorbia larica, Ochradenus arabicus and Zygophyllum qatarense are well-adapted to arid conditions. Select Sustainable Species: Opt for resilient plants that require fewer resources. Bougainvillea glabra, for example, is more robust than the pink pixie variety, Ruellia celiosa instead of brittoniana, Pennisetum setaceum instead of rubrum, Plumeria obtusa compared to rubra etc.
Embrace Organic Solutions: Use natural fertilizers and pesticides like Ferti Gold, Neem Oil and Cyclops. These break down more easily than synthetic chemicals, reducing soil contamination., Pre-Application Soil Assessment: Before applying fertilizers,
address underlying soil issues such as salinity, compaction, poor drainage, or pH imbalance. Excessive fertilizer use wastes resources and can harm both, the environment and the plant health. Using fertilizers and chemicals for the specified purpose and calculated requirements only, is always a sustainable way to apply plant nutrients.
Switch to Battery-Operated Equipment: Battery-powered blowers and hedge trimmers reduce carbon emissions — saving up to 2.3 tons and 1.1 tons of CO2. annually, respectively. Brands like Cramer offer efficient, eco-friendly options.
Seasonal Irrigation Adjustments: Reduce irrigation frequency or turn it off weekly to conserve water and prevent oversaturation.
Conclusion
Success in landscaping requires curiosity, strategic thinking, and a willingness to adapt. The effective control of Cuscuta and the thoughtful management of subsurface irrigation systems demonstrate that even complex challenges have solutions. Sustainability is not just an ideal — it’s entirely achievable through practical measures like planting native species, using organic solutions, and investing in batterypowered equipment.
As professionals, we have a responsibility to lead by example — adopting strategies that enhance both the environment and the beauty of our outdoor spaces. Let’s continue exploring new methods and refining our practices to create landscapes that thrive — both aesthetically and sustainably.
Please share your thoughts by connecting with me: Sharjeel Ahmed on LinkedIn.
RESTORING FORESTS AFTER WILDFIRES:
THE ROLE OF LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS
By: Abdullah Alawad Aspiring Landscape Architect
Wildfires are increasingly reshaping landscapes and communities worldwide, leaving behind widespread destruction. In 2024, California witnessed 8,024 wildfires, which burned over 1,050,012 acres and destroyed 1,716 structures, emphasizing the urgent need for effective recovery strategies. While nature can regenerate over time, the scale of devastation requires a proactive, science-driven approach to restoration.
Landscape architects play a vital role in this process by combining ecological expertise with sustainable design solutions. Through strategic planning, habitat restoration, and community engagement, they help rebuild fire-damaged environments while enhancing resilience against future wildfires. Their work ensures that restoration is not just about recovery but about creating landscapes that are stronger, more adaptive, and better prepared for future challenges.
“Volunteers
Assessing Damage and Planning for Recovery
Effective post-wildfire recovery begins with thorough assessment and strategic planning. Advanced tools like Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing allow landscape architects to analyze burn severity, soil degradation, and vegetation loss. These insights guide decisions on where and how to intervene.
One critical framework in restoration planning is the DPSIR model (Driving forces, Pressures, State, Impact, Responses). By identifying root causes of wildfires, analyzing their effects, and implementing targeted solutions, landscape architects can create adaptive recovery plans that balance ecological and social needs.
California Wildfires
“GIS mapping and drone technology being used to assess wildfire damage, providing crucial data for landscape architects to plan restoration strategies.”
and restoration teams replanting native trees in a burned forest, aiding in ecosystem recovery and biodiversity restoration.”
Designing for Resilience and Sustainability
Restoring fire-damaged forests is not just about planting trees—it requires strategic design to build resilience against future fires. Selecting native, fire-adapted vegetation helps accelerate regeneration while reducing vulnerability. Integrated green infrastructure, such as bioswales and erosion control systems, enhances soil stability and water retention, preventing further environmental degradation.
Creating natural firebreaks, such as buffer zones with low-flammability plants and open landscapes, reduces the spread of future fires. Additionally, well-planned trails and recreational spaces allow communities to reconnect with the land while fostering environmental stewardship.
Collaborating with Communities and Stakeholders
Successful restoration extends beyond ecological recovery—it must also support the people who depend on the land. Engaging local communities in reforestation programs fosters a sense of ownership and long-term commitment to environmental stewardship.
Partnerships with government agencies, environmental organizations, and researchers ensure that restoration projects align with broader climate adaptation and conservation strategies. By integrating ecological knowledge with cultural and social considerations, landscape architects help rebuild landscapes that are both functional and meaningful.
Case Study: Vesuvius National Park
An example of effective post-wildfire restoration is Vesuvius National Park in Italy, which suffered severe wildfires. Using Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (S-MCDA), experts identified priority intervention areas based on biodiversity loss and fire severity. The restoration strategy combined native vegetation planting, erosion control, and habitat restoration to accelerate natural recovery.
“Aerial view of a wildfire-ravaged forest in California, showcasing the extent of destruction caused by the 2024 wildfires. Burnt trees and scorched earth highlight the urgent need for restoration efforts.”
“Community members participating in a post-wildfire reforestation program, emphasizing the role of public engagement in landscape recovery.”
“A forestry expert assessing post-wildfire forest recovery, emphasizing the importance of ecological monitoring and adaptive management strategies for sustainable restoration.”
The project also emphasized community engagement, incorporating educational programs and sustainable tourism initiatives to enhance longterm conservation efforts. This integrated approach highlights how landscape architects can shape not just ecological recovery but also cultural and economic resilience.
Looking Ahead: A Holistic Approach to Wildfire Recovery
As climate change increases wildfire risks, the role of landscape architects in post-fire restoration becomes even more vital. Future recovery efforts must embrace adaptive design, technological innovation, and cross-disciplinary collaboration to ensure long-term resilience.
By restoring fire-affected landscapes with ecological integrity and human-centered design, landscape architects contribute to a future where communities and nature coexist in harmony— ensuring that forests are not only rebuilt but thrive for generations to come.
“Restoration efforts at Vesuvius National Park in Italy, where reforestation and soil stabilization techniques have been applied to rehabilitate the fire-damaged landscape.”
References
Cervelli, E., Pindozzi, S., et al. (2022). Landscape Planning Integrated Approaches to Support Post-Wildfire Restoration in Natural Protected Areas: The Vesuvius National Park Case Study. USGS Wildland Fire Science Program (https://www.usgs. gov/special-topics/wildland-fire-science).
Zeunert, J. (2017). Landscape Architecture and Environmental Sustainability: Principles and Practice. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. “2024 Wildfire Statistics.”
Bhutan’s Gelephu
International Airport is reinvented for the modern traveller with a nod to its past
By: BIG
Blending Bhutan’s rich tradition of craftsmanship with modern innovation, Gelephu International Airport is designed for mindful travel and future expansion. Its striking modular diagrid structure, crafted from glulam timber and adorned with painted carvings, reflects a seamless union of past and present. The design will be showcased at the 2025 Venice Architecture Biennale, Ancient Future, opening in May and running until September.
Bhutan’s second international airport, Gelephu International Airport is strategically positioned near the Bhutan-India border and the Paitha River, surrounded by lush subtropical forests and the dramatic contours of the Himalayas. Spanning 68,000 m², the airport is a collaboration with aviation engineering firm NACO and forms a key element of the Gelephu Mindfulness City (GMC) masterplan, designed by BIG, Arup, and Cistri. With the capacity to handle 123
flights daily, the airport is expected to welcome 1.3 million passengers annually by 2040, rising to 5.5 million by 2065.
An installation at the Venice Biennale will feature a diamondshaped timber fragment from the airport’s façade, sculpted in real-time, half by a Bhutanese artist, half by machine. This symbolic piece merges tradition with innovation, celebrating Bhutan’s wood carving heritage while exploring technology’s role in preserving and evolving the craft.
His Majesty King Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck, King of Bhutan said: “Our immediate priority over the next five years is the construction of a large international airport in Gelephu, which will establish the GMC as a key aviation hub. This airport is essential for the success of the GMC as a business hub, and it is also a critical lifeline for Bhutan’s national security, especially for a landlocked country.”
Set against a backdrop of the Himalayas, the airport’s diagrid structure is made from locally and sustainably sourced timber, intricately carved by Bhutanese artisans. The painted façade draws inspiration from the Kachen, a revered wooden pillar known for its structural integrity and elaborate design, embodying Bhutanese architectural heritage and spiritual symbolism.
Designed to adapt to GMC’s projected growth, the airport’s modular timber frames are structurally independent, allowing for easy disassembly and future expansion. The roof is fitted with photovoltaic panels, aligning with Bhutan’s status as a carbon-negative nation.
“An airport is the first and last impression you get of a place you visit. For the Gelephu International Airport, we have tried to embody the nature and culture of the country and the Mindfulness City. The forests that cover the highlands
flow from the arrival plaza through the airport all the way to the tarmac. Tropical trees provide shade for travellers, and the forest courtyard lines the main functions of immigration, security, and baggage reclaim.
The airport architecture is composed of modular mass timber frames, resembling a stylised mountain range from a distance. Upon closer inspection, the timber beams are carved and coloured according to Bhutanese craft traditions, decorated with three types of dragons representing Bhutan’s past, present, and future. The result is a structure that is both traditional and avant-garde, rooted in history yet forward-looking.
“For me personally, this unusual embrace of traditional craft and colour is a testament to how deeply I have been affected by Bhutan’s culture and people.” explained Bjarke Ingels, Founder & Creative Director, BIG.
The arrival plaza is designed as a series of four zones, each dedicated to plants found within Gelephu’s forests. Paved with locally sourced natural stone, the plaza features integrated seating areas shaded by a canopy of tropical trees, creating a calming transition into the terminal.
Bhutan’s biodiversity corridors extend into the airport’s interior courtyard, known as the Forest Spine, which divides the terminal into two sections, domestic flights to the west and international flights to the east. Visually accessible from anywhere in the terminal, the Forest Spine creates a connection to nature with treetop walkways and indigenous flora, offering travellers a moment of tranquillity within the airport.
Every aspect of the airport celebrates Bhutanese culture and craftsmanship. Traditional Bhutanese wood carvings, Shing-Zo (carpentry), Par-Zo (carving), Lha-Zo (painting),
and Tshar-Zo (weaving), extend from the exterior into the interior, weaving heritage into the modern structure. Natural light filters through a grand triple-height entry, floor-toceiling windows, and skylights, creating an open, airy atmosphere. Indoor and outdoor lounges offer spaces for yoga, gong baths, and meditation, reinforcing Bhutan’s focus on happiness and psychological well-being.
The airport’s layout is driven by passenger experience and operational efficiency. Intuitive wayfinding through clear visual cues and thoughtful circulation paths ensures a seamless journey from arrival to gate. Gates are located on the upper level alongside retail and dining areas, with panoramic views of the tarmac and the surrounding mountains.
Designed to respond to Bhutan’s subtropical climate, the airport incorporates passive design principles inspired by traditional Bhutanese architecture. Its timber structure absorbs moisture from the air, helping to regulate indoor humidity, while ventilated roofs and open courtyards encourage natural airflow. Extended eaves provide shade and protect against heavy rainfall.
The airport will also serve as Bhutan’s first inland mobility hub, facilitating public transport through trackless trams and buses that connect to Gelephu’s revitalised town centre and beyond.
Gelephu International Airport is more than an aviation hub, it is a gateway to Bhutan’s Mindfulness City and a reflection of the nation’s cultural identity. Designed to grow with the country’s future while remaining grounded in tradition, the airport embodies a harmonious blend of nature, craftsmanship, and innovation. Opening in 2029, it promises to offer travellers a truly Bhutanese experience—calm, connected, and culturally rich.
Renderings by BIG
PROJECT
INFORMATION
Name: Gelephu International Airport
Size: 731,946 sq ft / 68,000 m2
Location: Gelephu, The Kingdom of Bhutan
Client: The Kingdom of Bhutan
Collaborators: Netherlands Airport Consultants (NACO), Magnolia Quality Development Corporation Limited (MQDC), Changi Airport Planners and Engineers, Influit, WT Partnership
PROJECT TEAM
Partner in Charge: Bjarke Ingels, Frederik Lyng, Giulia Frittoli
Project Manager: Per Bo Madsen
Design Lead: Sorcha Burke, Dace Gurecka
Team: Andrea Megan Hektor, Chiara Gargiulo, Dalma Ujvari, Jan Magasanik, Mantas Povilaika, Nanna Gyldholm Møller, Nathan Angelo Osena, Nikol Maraj, Will Chuanrui Yu, Dace Gurecka, Xinyu Zhao, Matthew Goodwill
A SERENE SANCTUARY IN MAHARASHTRA
By: Roheena Nagpal Design Studio
Nestled in the lush landscapes of Maharashtra, this farmhouse designed by Roheena Nagpal masterfully balances modern minimalism with rustic charm. Designed to harmonise with its natural surroundings, the home embraces organic elements to create a tranquil retreat infused with comfort and the quiet joys of organic living. The journey begins at the entrance, where a path of Gokak stone framed by swaying palm trees leads to a grand double door from Jodhpur. Each plank is meticulously burnt for a unique texture, setting the tone for the thoughtful craftsmanship that defines the home.
Inside, the raw slab ceilings remain exposed, preserving the home’s organic essence. Coated with lime paint, they lend a natural softness to the interiors. Expansive, wind-resistant windows frame sweeping valley views, flooding the space with natural light. Facing south, the home remains cool throughout the year, with minimal northern openings and double-layered walls enhancing insulation. The open-plan layout blurs the boundaries between indoors and outdoors, complemented by lush indoor plants and heritage décor.
At the heart of the living area sits a twocentury-old Naga table, surrounded by modern sofas and antique accents—a seamless blend of past and present. Cane lights from Nagaland hang
from lime-washed wooden rafters, casting a soft glow while discreetly concealing electrical wiring for clean visual lines.
The kitchen, a culinary enthusiast’s dream, features a striking 10-foot black granite island by Plank and Weave, positioned to maximise the view of the valley through sliding glass doors. Rustic blue doors punctuate the neutral palette, adding a playful touch of colour. The expansive glass frontage replaces traditional walls, opening the home to panoramic views that stretch from the gardens to the swimming pool and vegetable patch. Throughout the home, curated details reflect a story of heritage and craftsmanship. Handchiselled Gokak stone walls, black antique locks
on contrasting blue and white doors, and vintage copper utensils speak to the home’s rich narrative.
A mirror casually propped against a wall adds an effortless, lived-in charm.
Natural light filters through a skylight, illuminating textured gravel walls where creeping foliage will eventually weave a living tapestry. Strategic lighting enhances architectural details, creating a nuanced interplay of light and shadow. Even the bathroom becomes a retreat, with a large window offering uninterrupted valley views, bathing the space in golden morning light.
A rustic wooden staircase with bamboo railings leads to the lower-level lawns, where an olivegreen wall provides a striking backdrop. A
repurposed green console and verdant plants add depth, while a cosy nook with a swing and a vintage trunk table frames a serene view of the pool and valley—a perfect spot for quiet reflection. Outside, the home merges effortlessly with the landscape. Pampas grass sways in the breeze, enhancing the tranquil atmosphere. A wooden pergola and basalt stone flooring evoke an earthy elegance, while the towering two-tier structure invites visitors in. Repurposed antique elements—like a weathered Jodhpur door and a jailwood frame transformed into a shower entry—layer the home with history and character. Every element within the home tells a story. A handcarved swing recalls childhood memories, while a vintage trunk finds new life as a coffee table. This farmhouse is not just a dwelling; it is a curated experience of organic elegance and refined design. As the landscape evolves, so too will this timeless sanctuary—a seamless blend of nature’s raw beauty and human creativity.
FACT FILE:
Project Name: Graceful Abodes
Principal Designer: Roheena Nagpal s
Designation: Roheena Nagpal, Principal Designer –Roheena Nagpal Design Studio
Location of the project: Pune, Maharashtra Area: 1.5 Acres
Photography credits: Retiesh Ramaiyah
Returns darkness to the night
I BOOK REVIEW
BOOKS OF INTEREST
Gardens for the Desert
The book Gardens for the Desert tells the story of how bödeker, a German landscape architecture firm, grew from a single seed planted by its founder, Richard Bödeker, into a strong and thriving tree. In the 1970s, Richard Bödeker brought his expertise in arid landscapes to Saudi Arabia, where his innovative designs laid the foundation for transformative projects like the Riyadh Diplomatic Quarter and many others. These projects became deeply intertwined with the city’s development, reflecting a commitment to sustainable urban greenery and a profound understanding of local needs.
Highlighting the many people who supported and shaped this journey, the book also includes perspectives from some of the firm’s partners. They share unique insights into the collaborative efforts that define bödeker’s success. Today, the firm is led by a partnership of six dedicated individuals who continue to develop its core design philosophy, creating new ideas and concepts for the future. This collaborative spirit has fostered significant growth, with the firm now employing 140 team members and continuing to expand.
For anyone interested in the history of landscape architecture in Saudi Arabia and Riyadh’s urban evolution, Gardens for the Desert provides a captivating perspective on the development of iconic projects and the expertise behind them.
The book is not freely available. But if you are interested, you can sign up for our newsletter, where we will be sharing the book as an audiobook in installments.
