November 2019 by Landscape Middle East

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november 2019

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Editor’s Note In this issue, It’s an exciting month for us here at Landscape magazine HQ, we will be hosting our inaugural The First Landscape Middle East awards ceremony on the 25th November at the Ritz Carlton hotel in DIFC Dubai. It’s an opportunity for us to celebrate and honour the industry’s visionaries and stalwarts who have been instrumental in the development of the landscape industry throughout the region, some even pioneering it. We look forward to seeing you there! To mark this special moment, we have a bumper November issue for you. Some of the highlights include a project called Zero and Infinite in the University of Buenos Aires — the project was named by mathematician and co-founder Sebastian Ceria after the silhouettes of the courtyards, “zero” and “infinite”. In his explanation for one of the significant features of the design, the patio area, he underscored this simply yet powerful point, “the trees came first because the most basic sustainability practice is to preserve what nature has taken decades or longer to build.” A message that I think underpins the entire landscape industry but can be often overlooked by complex design briefs and masterplans. See page 46

Managing Partner: Ziad Maarouf Amine Copy Editor: John Hampton Sales Manager: Boushra Dinnawi Administrative Assistance: Sarry Gan Art Director: Ramon Andaya Contributors: Geoff Sanderson, Jean-Claude Melone, Viraj Chatterjee, Tina Heers, Tarek Alsheeti, Tamara Youssef, Jimena Martignoni, Printed by: Al Nisr Publishing LLC

Back in the UAE, we look at the new Dubai Hills project by Emaar. In a city full of iconic projects, this too will be added to the list. The mixed-used development will be opened in phases and encompass residential, commercial, educational and medical facilities, the first of which includes a new 18 hectare park with extensive softscapes and around 2,000 trees and palms for residents to enjoy in the heart of Dubai Hills Estate. Read more on page 38

Webmaster: www.pdinventive.com

We speak to Brett Girven, the principal of Arbor school in Dubai about the steps they are taking as a community to convey responsible environmental practices and teachings to their pupils as part of their daily education rituals. The school’s biodomes are just one example of its commitment to the concepts of ecoliteracy, ecology and sustainability. (page 42)

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contents November 2019 - Issue 149

Multimedia Water Shows

Biodiversity and Soil Health are key to a â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Smartâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Agenda

Making living environment better

How Sustainable have we been? PART 3

Shaping a new generation of Landscape Architects

36 42 46

Dubai Hills Estate Park Revolutionizing Education Zero + Infinite

42 46 2

22 28

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3 Call us at +971 4 8801020 (Dubai) or +971 2 6797959 (Abu Dhabi). For more information, please visit www.transgulf.ae or email info@tgcp.ae

I news & events

EAGLE HILLS SIGNS UP MGM FOR THE MAIN WORKS OF KALBA WATERFRONT IN SHARJAH Eagle Hills Sharjah, a joint venture between Sharjah Investment and Development Authority (Shurooq) and Eagle Hills, has announced that it has awarded the contract for the main works of Kalba Waterfront in Sharjah to MGM Contracting LLC. The contract involves the architecture, infrastructure and landscaping of the mall, which once complete will offer residents and visitors of the emirate an integrated leisure and shopping destination, combining the convenience of modern shopping, leisure and recreation amidst the serenity of Kalba’s natural lagoons. Low Ping, CEO of Eagle Hills, said: “Eagle Hills is fully committed to developing a unique leisure and shopping destination in Kalba, Sharjah through an innovative retail concept offering advanced shopping facilities complemented with a variety of outdoor experiences. Our latest agreement with MGM is an important milestone to realizing this one-of-a-kind development, in line with our commitment to supporting Sharjah’s growing tourism and leisure sector.”

Kalba Waterfront will have a total built area of 20,000 square meters. It will feature a mix of retail, food and beverage outlets, a waterfront promenade and terraces, a supermarket, a large food court, as well as a family entertainment center. The mall will also offer outdoor dining venues, capitalizing on the breathtaking views of the natural lagoon to provide recreational activities for families and tourists alike. Low Ping added: “With MGM’s expertise in building high quality shopping centers, we are confident the company will deliver Eagle Hills’ vision of a world-class tourism and shopping destination. The construction of the mall will be in-line with our international standards and will complement Sharjah’s rich and natural heritage.” Kalba Waterfront is strategically situated at the edge of the stunning Kalba lagoon, which is part of the Kalba EcoTourism Project. The opening of the mall is set for the second half of 2020.

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I news & events

During the unveiling of the largest 3D printed two-story structure in the world

Enters Guinness Book of World Records

Dubai Municipality unveils the largest 3D printed two-story structure in the world Al Hajri

Project a turning point at local and regional level and achieves Dubai strategy

Dubai Municipality achieved yet another milestone by entering the Guinness Book of World Records for completing the largest 3D printed two-story structure in the world. The achievement is in line with the directives of His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE and Ruler of Dubai to construct 25% of the buildings in Dubai with 3D printing technology by 2030. Dubai Municipality has completed a two-storey integrated building project with a height of 9.5 meters at a total area of 640 square meters through the use of 3D printing technology. It is the largest and first 3D printed two-story structure in the world executed by undertaking 3D printing onsite directly under external working conditions and using local components. Dawoud Al Hajri, Director General of Dubai Municipality said: “This project is a major turning point in the construction sector at the local and regional levels and is based on the strategy of innovation in 3D printing technologies in construction, which in turn will increase the pace and speed of execution and completion of buildings in record time, and reduce construction costs and contribute to the development of solutions to the demographics challenges by reducing the number of construction labor.” “It will also support the Emirate’s sustainability trends using local materials and reduce construction waste, where printing is done electronically according to engineering plans directly without human intervention,” he added. Al Hajri noted that the national cadre and the Municipality team were instrumental in this achievement as the in-house consultative body that supervised the completion of the project at all stages, which is the 3D printing team from the Building Permits Department, and no external consultant was hired. “The Municipality had equipped itself with all the facilities to deal with modern technology in the construction field that achieves

Dubai›s 3D printing strategy, with the aim of making Dubai a global capital for 3D printing technology,” he pointed out. “The two-storey building has been designed and executed with a number of spaces that can be used as rooms or offices of different sizes. The walls are printed directly from the printer, unlike the traditional method of construction, which depends on the work of tightening wooden pieces with nuts and bolts, reinforcement and pouring of concrete and making bricks. The building has been designed with different curves and shapes through which it was tested whether it can be possible for 3D printing in the construction of a variety of designs,” said Al Hajri. It is worth mentioning that the Municipality team during the construction phases accomplished another noteworthy achievement as various tests and experiments were carried out on the mixes of the materials used in printing and to ensure that they fit the smoothness and pumping of the printer, as well as ensuring that they meet the requirements of quality, consistency and strength required to withstand the construction. The Municipality has ensured that the materials used in the mixture are local materials available in the country. The printing mix was created from local materials and will be the Intellectual Property of Dubai Municipality as the holder of the rights of this mixture and the possibility of using it morally, commercially and industrially at the regional level in the future. The building has been executed according to sustainability requirements and green building standards. It features efficient insulation systems through innovative geometrical wall printing and increases the possibility of utilizing voids inside the wall, which mainly helps the thermal insulation of the building and reduce energy consumption, in addition to developing solutions to connect services within the printed walls, which includes all services to the building such as electricity, water, communications, air conditioning and IT technologies.

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I news & events

EXPERTS FROM ABU DHABI MUNICIPALITY AND NEOM TO HEADLINE MIDDLE EAST SMART LANDSCAPE SUMMIT 2020 Taleb Abdulkareem Jilfar, Executive Director - Infrastructure Services Division, Dubai Municipality delivers the welcome address at the 2019 edition of the Middle East Smart Landscape Summit Expotrade Middle East, organizers of the Middle East Smart Landscape Summit announced the dates of the eighth edition of the event, to be held on 7-8 April 2020 at Sofitel Dubai The Palm Resort & Spa. Husain Al Saeedi, Director Of Technical Services Operations Dept, Abu Dhabi City Municipality, Josep-Ramon Ferrer Escoda, Executive Director, Community and Livability, NEOM, Robert Shakespeare, Group Design Director, Landscape Architecture, Cracknell, Morne Fourie, Executive Director – Design & Masterplanning, PIF Holding Entity, KSA and Matthew Utley, Principal, Grimshaw Architects, will headline the two-day summit. Apart from the developments in the region’s landscape sector, the event program agenda will also emphasize on themes such as stadiums, golf courses, outdoor lighting, and sports facilities. Over 15 topics highlighting the implementation of sustainable strategies at Expo 2020, UAE’s ‘Green Growth Strategy’, the inclusion of green roofs & walls, use of artificial turf for high-quality sporting facilities, and the effective use of waste management for landscape restoration, amongst others, will feature in the two-day conference program. More than 45 international and regional senior industry experts will participate as speakers

and panelists, to share insights on trends and developments, challenges that communities face and opportunities present in urban planning and landscape architecture through case studies, panel discussions and standalone presentations. Mr. Brad Hariharan, Regional Director, Expotrade Middle East, said, “The event in its eighth year marries sustainability and visionary government leadership, with an engaging agenda that promises to bring together an impressive lineup of renowned experts and an exciting schedule of presentations, case studies and panel discussions. Over 400 landscape architects and urban planners from across the Middle East region will learn the latest innovations, programs and various landscape design techniques deployed in urban landscape architecture.” Featuring panels on the evolving role of a landscape designer, building sustainable cities, innovative landscape design in the development and maintenance of recreational & sports facilities, reinventing green livable cities in the Middle East, and preserving iconic landmarks, the conference focuses on the theme building healthy natural environments and sustainable communities. Over 400 urban planners, landscape architects and designers, sustainability experts based across the GCC will attend the conference.

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AUS student work counted among the world’s best architectural illustrations

Architecture students, Dhruva Lakshmninarayan, Urva Parmar and Sahil Rattha, from the College of Architecture, Art and Design (CAAD) at American University of Sharjah (AUS), have received international recognition from the American Society of Architectural Illustrators’ Architecture for architectural illustrations they submitted in this year’s Perspective 34 competition. The annual competition recognizes the world’s best architectural illustrations and sees professional and student illustrators from around the world submitting drawings, paintings, renderings and digital imagery to be considered for the highly coveted Hugh Ferris Memorial Prize. The entries were judged by an international jury of professional architects and designers and are currently on exhibit on Hollywood Boulevard’s iconic Walk of Fame. CAAD students are regularly encouraged to enter local, regional and global competitions to add value to their student experience and have consistently achieved critical recognition for their work across the majors of architecture, interior design, design management, multimedia design and visual communication. “These competitions allow us to understand where we stand globally amidst a wide array of contenders, each equipped with their own quivers full of skills and talents. This also works the other way, where the student community as a whole realizes what we, as students representing AUS, and the Global South in general, are capable of,” said Lakshmninarayan, who won a Student Award of Distinction for her work. “I really didn’t realize how much weight this award held until I saw its impact first-hand as I was applying for jobs. Employers are instantly intrigued and impressed by the fact that you have not only applied to competitions, but also won! With the large magnitude of job applications and portfolios coming their way, architecture firms and design studios are

constantly in search of something that stands out, and these kind of competition entries sure do facilitate that,” she said. For Sahil Rattha, who received the Student Juror Award by renowned Russian-German architect Sergei Tchoban, said the fact that his work would also be featured in publications and websites of such a globally respected organization is professionally and personally satisfying. “This award is always going to be something meaningful and personal to me as this is the first formal recognition I have received in my field of study. On a more specific note, this award is even more special as the award-winning entry was from my first semester at American University of Sharjah, while doing my first design course ever,” said Rattha. “It is always a great feeling to be recognized through your work. Competitions like these help students get more exposure and also receive the privilege to represent AUS on a global scale, which is an excellent feeling as an addition to my CAAD experience,” he said Urva Parmar was also awarded a Student Award of Distinction and said this award provides confirmation of her career choice in architecture and has given her confidence in pursuing employment beyond graduation. “This award is a representation of my academic endeavors and architectural intuitions. And being honored with this distinction further grounds my beliefs. Such experiences enable my networking capabilities as an individual, and, moreover, in a professional realm, it helps me strengthen my skillset,” she said.

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The secret to healthy turf and golf course! The grass may look greener on the other side of the fence, but when you get there you would find it’s artificial turf! It’s no secret that finding a good and healthy turf and then maintaining it too is a task better left to the experts. By: Ali Al Daour Sales Manager, Desert Energy

Before you get too carried away by the aesthetics, you might want to upgrade your knowledge on some major innovative products added to the turf maintenance industry. and came together for an innovative turf solutions launching seminar on 23rd October, 2019 at Jumeirah Golf Estates Club House, Dubai, where Jyri Kaapro, Senior Development Specialist at Bayer Australia imparted invaluable knowledge about 4 state-of-the-art products that are changing the face of turf maintenance worldwide. A pre-emergent herbicide with long lasting effect which is labelled for use against major common turf weeds in our region, including tropical signalgrass, crabgrass and provide post emergence control for goosegrass. A post-emergent herbicide used mainly for controlling winter grass (Poa annua) and goosegrass. Jyri spoke at length about Stressgard Technology and Exteris Fungicide that contain totally new active ingredients formulated with unique Stressgard and leafcoat technology. Granular insecticides are used for controlling white grubs, larva in the lawn to provide safe long lasting effects: a product most useful for any kind of turf. These new products further extend Bayer’s focus on solutions to improve turf health and playability in the face of the pressures applied by the demands of golfers, climatic extremes or some of the most problematic pest and disease issues. The session was not just enlightening for both the teams, but also provided food for thought to the buyers, golfers, golf-course specialists, landscape contractors and professionals present there. Jyri Kaapro, with his immense depth of knowledge in chemicals for pests, diseases, and weeds in the turfgrass industry, has authored ‘Pest Management of Turfgrass for Sport and Recreation’. He guided everyone present there towards the future of turfgrass maintenance: the emerging products in the next one year. Needless to say, all these products are now exclusively available with Desert Group and anyone in the region looking for best in the industry truf care products need to turn their heads towards Desert Energy. For more enquiries contact sales.desertenergy@desertgroup.ae

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Al Majaz Multimedia Fountain, Sharjah Fountains are known to have existed since the early Bronze Age. They were primarily functional, connected to springs or aqueducts and relying on gravity to provide drinking, bathing and washing water. As human ability to control water expands, fountains start to have ornamental features to show the evolution and prosperity of a culture. During the Renaissance and Baroque Eras, fountains become true works of art and engineering. Symbols of power and wealth, they start to be sources of entertainment. In the gardens of the Palace of

Versailles (17th century), fountains were a huge attraction. On special occasions, music and fireworks were combined to perform a magnificent show. These celebrations can be regarded as the precursors of contemporary water/light/music shows. It was during the 20th century that fountains started to be synchronized with music and colored light. Some of the most interesting modern water expressions have been made possible by the development of lighting and control technology.

WATER FEATURES AND ENTERTAINMENT Multimedia Water Shows Â Â By: Ana Mateus

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Iconsiam Multimedia Fountain, Bangkok Water effects capabilities have dramatically evolved in recent years. We currently have multi-directional robotic jets with 2D, 3D and 4D technology able to perform amazing ranges of movements and justifying

the expression â&#x20AC;&#x153;dancing watersâ&#x20AC;?. DMX control technology (Digital Multiplex) allows to program perfectly synchronized choreographies, with water jets dancing to each beat of the music.

Iconsiam Multimedia Fountain, Bangkok The air-pressure powered nozzle, that can shoot water up in the air and reach great heights as fast as 0.1 seconds, is another impressive advancement in water design technology. This element

adds a dose of dramatism and impact to any water show. Audience reactions on GHESAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s latest installation in Bangkok rate it as a major wow factor.

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Al Majaz Multimedia Fountain, Sharjah Thematic multimedia water shows incorporate image and video projection on water screens or water jets. Video mapping in the surrounding architecture is also a powerful tool for storytelling and a truly immersive and multidimensional experience. Laser, fire effects, pyrotechnics, and robotic lights can be added to amplify the magnitude of the show. One of the most remarkable GHESAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s installations for multimedia shows is the indoor Aqua Theatre for La Perle Show in Dubai. The first of its kind, the aqua theatre holds 2.7 million liters of water and surprisingly transforms from dry to wet stage in an instant. The large waterfalls framing the stage and the rain inside the theatre contribute to create a magical ambiance that complements artistsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; performance and engages audiences. La Perle, Dubai

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I soil

Unsustainable soil conditions that preclude leaf litter or remove leaf litter and deny the biological life of soil

Biodiversity and Soil Health are key to a ‘Smart’ Agenda By: Geoff Sanderson Young people across the world have come together to voice their anger about the way older generations have abused the planet. But what happens next? Beyond raising awareness of the realities of climate change, what real action can individuals take to reverse the damage done to the environment? We’re told everyone can do something in their own way starting with small steps. For the landscape industry, it’s soil health—something that has been widely overlooked by most in the industry. Almost everything we do in the Gulf region to design, build and maintain landscape revolves around our own human needs, the aesthetic of the landscape and to a lesser extent how comfortable it is for the user. In my opinion, such a selfish view of mankind confounds biodiversity as these apparent needs of man dominate our thinking. Nothing has really changed that preoccupation in the 30 years I have worked in the Gulf region both as a landscape architect and as a horticulturist.

As the Amazon rain forest burns and the tundra melts releasing masses of methane with profound consequences, we continue to ignore the key elements of life on Earth and how we can make responsible efforts to lessen the impact. Soil and the oceans hold more C02 than anywhere else including the atmosphere and there is so much we can do to address the retention and the storage of C02, especially in soil. We can also stop adding plastics to the oceans as both individuals and industries but in the case of the landscape industry, the simplest thing that can be done to make a difference is to enhance soil as a repository for carbon and as a sink for C02, a sink that not only traps C02 but uses it to benefit plant growth and release oxygen. Imagine how extensive the landscapes of our cities and private residences are — all landscapes that consume irrigation water, artificial fertilizers, herbicides and pesticides and destroy soil biology along with the microbes and insects that would normally live there as part of a complex food chain.

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The worst example of manâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s unsustainable dominance over landscape, excluding all other species as well as soil microbacteria and fungi.

People may argue that the plants look fine so why should we be concerned? The biology of soil is complex and there is little genuine understanding or concern in our industry of healthy soil construction and building/maintaining conditions for carbon sequestration. I will avoid delving into complex biochemistry in bringing to your attention the issues and the solutions. The resources are available to us for building healthy soil including minerals, good compost, leaf litter, fungi and bacteria so it grieves me to continuously see a lack of understanding for anything other than the content of standard soil specifications, accepted without much thought. The actual efficacy of soil content and function needs to be better understood. Yes, there are composts that can introduce some microbes to constructed soil but donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take it for granted that any compost will do the job, check with suppliers regarding the research they have done and the true value of the compost. There are additives for soil moisture retention but unless the chemistry is well understood and the other components of the manufactured soil work symbiotically with that additive, especially concerning soil porosity, then they may be counterproductive preventing oxygen penetration essential to function of aerobic bacteria and encouraging anaerobic bacteria that produces methane, deadly to plants and to fungi. Chemical fertilizers can damage soil borne fungi and kill bacteria as well as percolate to water tables carrying nutrient out of reach of plant roots.

Leaf litter feeds microbacteria essential to sustainable landscape. No artificial fertilizers, no pesticides, no herbicides are needed.

Healthy soil for new landscapes is not just an initial part of construction, it is also part of long term maintenance, maintenance that needs regular feeding with organic matter and natural minerals and especially retaining leaf litter. The leaf rake or the leaf blower are the worst possible tools for soil health as they remove the process of leaf decay that returns carbon to the soil. (Maintenance that removes plant debris as it falls is fundamentally wrong and denies the essential processes needed for soil health) Allowing falling leaves from plants to remain on the soil and be broken down by insects and bacteria also assists the porosity of soil. The diversity of soil microbes associated with plant roots is enormous, in the order of tens of thousands of species. This complex plant-associated microbial community, also referred to as the second genome of the plant, is crucial for plant health.Â Mycorrhiza, a fungus, is the best-known microbe but there are others all working in the interest of plants by extracting mineral from non-organic rock and sand and converting it to a form the plants need. Plants reward fungi with food by making sugars available through plant roots. This symbiotic relationship is essential to a healthy soil. Healthy soil would also benefit from a greater range of particle sizes from gravel to sand of different sizes. Fungi extracts mineral from aggregates and sand and gives it to the plants. A variety of particle sizes allows better percolation of water as well as greater oxygen penetration for the benefit

I soil

Decaying organic material is essential to healthy soil

other species depend on our care and understanding of a healthy soil

of aerobic bacteria as well as countering the toxic effects of anaerobic bacteria. Adding 10% basalt derived aggregate/ granular material to a sand/compost mix is a measure that will show plant health benefits without any use of chemically sourced NPK. Volcanic derived basalt is widely recognized as producing productive soils because it weathers rapidly releasing elements essential for plant growth including P, K, Ca, Mg and Fe. Mycorrhiza extract mineral from the aggregate and make it available to the plant without any loss of nutrition via drainage water. The soil insect population attracts birds and small reptiles all of which are part of the biodiversity we need to manage in this new age of so called ‘smart cities’. There is nothing smart about ignoring healthy soil and nothing smart about using NPK fertilizers that do more to contaminate aquifers, kill fungi and bacteria and eventually add nutrient load to the oceans to the detriment of corals in particular (as is happening to the Great Barrier Reef). Charles Massy’s book, Call of the Reed Warbler is an essential read not only for the farming community but also for those of us who have anything to do with building or managing soil, urban or otherwise. I read this book recently and it reinforced much of what I have advocated for a long time, as well as adding to my knowledge and conviction regarding healthy soils and restoration agriculture applicable to landscape as well as farming. Please don’t underestimate the importance of healthy soil, don’t shrug it off as just one of the elements of landscape.

Biodiversity, as I said, is not just about us. My own garden attracts up to 15 different species of visiting birds and numerous geckos on any day, why? I provide water for them, I use leaf litter on garden beds and I allow the cut grass from the lawn to remain on the lawn and to break down. My fertilizer free grass looks much better than the neighbors regularly NPK fed grass. The soil is healthy, the birds can always find insects to eat and I have diverse flora that appeals to bees and other pollinators, sun birds and other insectivorous birds seeking aphis and thrip. There is nothing smart about smart cities that don’t have healthy soils and a great diversity of animal and plant species and yet when we read about ‘smart’ in this context we learn about applications of IT and artificial intelligence and are almost embarrassed by reference to more basic aspects of life. Don’t be embarrassed by being ‘down to earth’, show the exponents of so called ‘smart cities’ that they are well behind and have much to learn about smart landscape. So, what are others doing? The Australian Institute of Landscape Architects has declared a climate emergency and all members are pursuing every aspect of their work to address the issue including soil health. An extract from AILA publication follows. Why is AILA declaring a Climate Emergency In October 2018, an Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the United Nations body for assessing the science related to climate change, reported that humanity has just 12 years to restrict global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius1 above pre-industrial levels. Climate change is already evident in Australia, where with a rise of 1.0°C we are disproportionally affected by longer, more intense droughts and extreme weather events. It is in our interest to reduce carbon emissions in all areas of our society and economy as quickly as possible to ensure the viability of the planet for future generations.

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this is what healthy soil conditions look like with active bacteria and fungi working in synergy to create ideal conditions for extracting minerals from rock and sand and sequestering carbon back into the soil from leaf litter. A 1000 year old Sidr tree growing in a mountain wadis where the soil is protected by rock and the leaf litter falls safely in reach of bacteria that return the carbon to the soil.

Why is AILA declaring a Biodiversity Loss Emergency Earth’s ecosystems are in decline globally at rates unprecedented in human history – similarly, the rate of species extinctions is accelerating, with grave impacts for people around the world anticipated. One million of the world’s species, including often overlooked insects and fungi, are now under threat of extinction, according to the biggest-ever review of the state of nature on Earth. Half of Australia’s nationally threatened animal and insect species occur in areas planned for urban development, particularly greenfield development, which represents a current threat to Australia’s biodiversity. August 2019 AILA Declares a Climate and Biodiversity Loss Emergency AILA commits to: 1. Continuing to play a crucial role in leading the profession to respond to this unfolding Emergency. 2. Continuing to lobby all levels of government to recognise the Emergency, allocate sufficient resources and advise on appropriate policy. 3. Promoting landscape architecture as a leading profession in policy development and actions to respond to the Emergency. 4. Lead collaboration with allied professions, the community and supporting organisations that have made climate change emergency declarations. 5. Engaging with our international colleagues to support the efforts of IFLA to advocate globally. 6. Lobbying for improved industry standards and practice especially concerning soil health. 7. Providing resources, education and information to members on how they can respond to the Emergency. 8. Calling on AILA’s Corporate Partners to develop actions that respond to the Emergency

From the journal, Science Direct a field trial result summarized: A field experiment on cropland in India was conducted to examine the microbial populations and microbial biomass carbon under organic and inorganic farming practices. The organic fertilizer used was a mixture of farmyard manure, rock phosphate and neem cake; inorganic fertilizer, a mixture of urea, single super phosphate and muriate of potash was used. Microbial population counts were analysed for fungi and bacteria, respectively. Results showed that the organically treated plot recorded the maximum microbial population counts (fungal and bacterial) and microbial biomass carbon. Organic plot exhibited a significant variation in bacterial population and showed positive correlation with fungal and bacterial population. The application of organic fertilizers increased the organic carbon content of the soil and thereby increased the microbial counts and microbial biomass carbon. The use of inorganic fertilizers resulted in low organic carbon content, low microbial counts and low microbial biomass carbon of the soil.

I interview

Making living environment better

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Viraj Chatterjee Founder and Design Principal one landscape

Please give us a brief about your educational background and your experience in the GCC area. I studied architecture as I was fascinated by buildings and during my course I started thinking about the settings and the context of these buildings. The more I thought, the more I was convinced that I wanted to design settings not only for the buildings but also for big developments in the form of masterplans. I was also very keen to make our living environment better and since the landscape profession is all about bringing nature into design and enriching our lives, a natural progression for me was to do my post-grad in landscape architecture. I subsequently started my own landscape design company. Aside from running my own company, Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m still proactive in promoting the profession of landscape architecture, especially in the countries we work. For ONE Landscape, it is critical that we are not just a creative business but play an active role in academia and work with young thinkers and students who will take this exciting profession forward. To fulfill this aspiration, I have taken up teaching roles both at the University of Hong Kong and Hanoi University of Architecture in Hanoi. I started working in the GCC area more than a decade ago and have been fortunate enough to work on some amazing projects in this region. It has always been and still is a privilege to work in such a unique and rich geographical and cultural context.

When did your company first set up the business? I started my business in 2011 in Hong Kong and the studio there still remains our main studio. Subsequently we opened offices in Singapore, India and Vietnam. Hopefully, our next office will be in Dubai by 2020 before ONE landscape turns ten. How do you see the future of the landscape industry in the GCC? The GCC area is unique and rich in its landscape, culture and history. There is a tremendous drive by the governments in the region to envision projects that not only celebrate this heritage but also set benchmarks in habitat design through exciting new approaches. And looking at the scope and scale of these projects I can safely say the future is bright indeed. For example, look at the projects happening now under Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salmanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s vision 2030 in KSA. The Red Sea project, the NEOM Metropolis, the Qiddiya Leisure Resort near Riyadh to name a few, and in all these projects the role of landscape architects will be critical in delivering truly sustainable designs. What is the difference between the landscape industry here in the Middle East compared to the other countries you have worked in? Considering I have worked in a number of countries from the UK to China, I would say the landscape industry here is not much different. Though process

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remains the same, the aspect that makes this industry unique is the climatic and geographical context it operates in and the subsequent issues it has to address from irrigation to vegetation to materiality. What are the main challenges of doing business in the current GCC market post-recession? I must say the fee that companies charge is much lower now, however clients still expect the highest quality of design and to do this we need to have the best designers in the company. We need to pay well in order to attract and retain talent so itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s becoming more of a challenge to balance high operational costs with low fees. In your opinion, what changes need to be adopted in the GCC landscaping industry to become on a par with the rest of the world? I think it would be great if universities could offer landscape design courses tailored to this unique climate and geography so young people from the region are exposed to the landscape profession early on. We could also have a GCC focused landscape body or institute that promotes the key role landscape architects play in the creation of holistic developments.

Do you think that the international standards for the landscaping industry are too rigid and unrealistic or can they easily be applied when executing projects? I think it depends on how you design and handle the project. As landscape designers, we always need to adapt the standard and come up with the best and most viable solution. What is the most frustrating aspect of your work? And the most rewarding one? The most frustrating aspect has to be delays in project timelines and watered-down versions of design due to value engineering. Another source of frustration is when the quality of execution is below standards. The most rewarding aspect is when a project is finally finished and we can take photos of the completed project. Actually, finishing each project is like obtaining a degree! Normally each project takes 4-5 years to get built and if you think about it, it takes the same amount of time to graduate! Think about the effort! And within these five years many stake holders will play some role or other in the life of the project where you have no control. When a project is completed true to the original design concept it is the most rewarding part of the job and a true achievement. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s even better when clients come back and appreciate the design! Who are your major clients and what major projects have you been involved with on their behalf? In GCC the major clients I worked with are Al Quadra, Saraya Holdings, Nakheel, ADNEC, Lusail, and TDIC. The most notable project I was involved in had to be Saadiyat Island Public Realm Design which was an amazing experience. I worked on design guidelines for the Public realm of the Cultural District and Marina District and it involved designing all the parks and plazas along with the entire waterfront interface. My other major clients in Asia are Banyan Tree Hotels and Resorts Group and China Merchants Group in China,

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TATA/TITAN Group, Godrej Group and Arun Excello Group in India, Sun Group and INDOCHINA Group in Vietnam, GAMUDA Group in Malaysia, Ayala Group in Philippines, Shanta Holdings in Bangladesh to name a few. All of the built projects we delivered for the above clients won major international awards. As someone who is well established within the industry, what do you see as the main challenges we face in the next 12 months. A lot of clients are looking at cost reductions and hence we will face both fee issues in our operation and value engineering issues in our design. However, there will always be challenges and if we remain true to our approach in delivering great spaces these challenges can become merely ‘beautiful constraints’. Any professional quote/sayings/ or motto in life? ‘We do few loved by many, rather many loved by few’

How would you describe your company’s position in the market? ONE landscape is an award-winning boutique firm with distinct design based on the unique philosophy of Land- Culture. This design philosophy is about social sustainability and a new way to inspire and initiate a sustaining dialogue between culture and landscape design. It is an attempt to create a new design tool where culture is not only an inspiration but morphed into design narrative. Simply put, it is a template to generate design concepts applicable in different geographies with diverse cultures and contexts. We have projects not only in the GCC but also in China, India, Vietnam, Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, Bangladesh and in each of these diverse contexts our works remain individual in both design and delivery.

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I sustainable landscape

By Jean-Claude Melone Following on from earlier articles that focus on previous projects in the region to assess their sustainability, this final part of the series will look to the island of Bahrain and revisit a hospitality project with a French flair. I take a step back, providing historical insights and a candid analysis of positive results and areas for potential improvement. Project: Sofitel Bahrain Zallaq Thalassa Sea and Spa Resort. Design: 2005 Completion and Hotel opening: 2011

How Sustainable have we been? PART 3

Design Intent and project history: The most fulfilling projects, from a Landscape designer perspective, are by far those taken from a preconcept design stage and carried all the way to design development, construction documentation, supervision and final commissioning. I felt privileged to be asked by two old friends and talented architects, Ray Nelson and Sridhar Kandal from the Sonnel group, to team up with them for the exciting International Design Competition of the Zallaq Sofitel Resort in Bahrain. This world class hospitality project was to be located in one of the best hidden seafront areas on the Island. The clientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s initial brief was successfully translated into a winning scheme, ticking all the right boxes in the process. As a result of the collective efforts of the design team, we were appointed to develop the selected

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concept design presentation of the hotel and, subsequently, to oversee the implementation of the project. The hotelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s impressive main building, in the shape of a large horse shoe, forms the setting for the core landscape area. It provides shelter and privacy to a lush central lawn, featuring a traditional Bahraini palm grove and an organic shape swimming pool symbolizing an oasis. Quality artificial palms with dyed dry fronds and natural stems extend the palm grove layout inside the hotel at ground floor level. This invitation to the outdoors sets the tone for visitors to step outside and enjoy the environment carefully created for them. Overlooking the Arabian Gulf waters to the West, the large infinity pool edge provides a sense of serenity with the illusion of continuity of the water body extending into the turquoise open sea. A pool bar with timber decking and an interesting shade structure, is set on an island in the pool itself. Mature palms and large Arabic style clay pots complement the brass ceiling fans and ceramic tiles to provide traditional Bahraini character. The island is accessible by two pedestrian timber bridges. It has all the ingredients of a favourite spot for the hotel guests to enjoy scenic sunsets and relaxation at the end of a hot day. Traditional oil lanterns and garlands reflect light on the surface of the pool to give a convivial atmosphere, in keeping with the legendary Bahraini Hospitality, extending into the Arabian night.

All the guest rooms, large suites, as well as the three restaurant terraces in the main building, overlook the central landscape area and the crescent shaped sandy beach. Postcard sunsets reflect over the pristine waters of the Arabian Gulf in the background. Sail like tent structures, extending from the hotel faĂ§ade, provide shade and privacy to the ground floor bedroom terraces. Sisal ropes coiled around the tent poles accentuate the maritime theme. A small artificial island facing the hotelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s private bay, connected to the seafood restaurant building frontage by a long-arched bridge, is used to host functions and a popular Ramadan tent. The seven roof top apartments were originally designed to receive the heads of state during a GCC meeting to be hosted at the secluded Resort. Each VIP apartment has a luxurious standalone interior design with lavish furnishing based on a different Middle Eastern theme. Each apartment opens onto a large tented terrace which also has its own dedicated layout. Features include a private infinity pool with breath-taking high level views through a glass balustrade, a spa, artisanal pottery with cacti and xeriscape planters sustaining the extreme heat and seasonal wind exposure of the roof top. The hotel opening was set for February, falling right into the peak Shamal season. The shrubs and ground covers had only recently been planted and were not yet established. The heavy North-Westerly wind created havoc, exfoliating the Bougainvilleas

I sustainable landscape

and the most exposed bedding plants. It took a lot of convincing for the client to accept that these plants were not actually “dead” or needing immediate replacement. Sure enough, a month later with the onset of the warmer Spring temperatures, the landscape regained its soft green look and my credibility and faith in nature’s self-healing power remained intact. Post-commissioning positive considerations: The Zallaq Sofitel resort was voted the best Middle East Resort destination in its category at the 2015 Middle East Hotel Awards held on Palm Jumeirah. It beat tough competition from the region with many entries, setting new standards for the hospitality industry in Bahrain. This encouraging result confirmed that the facilities and the setting provided to the resort operators had been well received and utilized. The resort seems to have been appreciated by the guests as well as the hospitality pundits, members of the jury for this coveted award. Becoming a guest in a hotel which, once upon a time, was a project in the making provides the opportunity to look back and to appreciate the facilities from a different angle. Visiting the Zallaq

Sofitel as a guest after its opening made me realize how important the sunset was in the overall destination experience. Every landscape element revolved around the position of the sun. From the orientation of the rooms’ terraces, the car shades, tent structures, adult and kids pool, the footpaths converging to the beach, and the top floor VIP terraces. It reminded me that palms and trees had also been carefully positioned in the design to avoid affecting the prime vistas. Unlike the UAE’s free draining sandy soil, the natural ground in Bahrain often contains clay and stone strata, making its cultivation difficult. Pricey “sweet soil” had to be imported from the neighbouring KSA over the causeway bridge for the project. Added to that is the presence of a highly saline shallow water table near the coastline. A

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network of wide ditches bordering properties is necessary to control the land drainage of the Island. With the large hotel structure acting like a dam into the aquifer, there were a few casualties amongst the carefully selected mature palms during construction, due to the water table. As time went on and the tower cranes were removed, palm replacement became more of an issue. Ancestral methods with timber rolls and a lot of manpower had to be utilized in the end to replace failing mature palms by the same size specimen. This method, also used in the past for launching traditional dhows to sea, avoided potential damage to the lawns and footpaths that mobile cranes would have otherwise inflicted. I was pleased to see that perseverance had paid off and that the palm grove was now fully established and healthy. The palms were bearing large dates used for welcoming the guests in the Hotel lobby. Nothing beats the satisfaction and pride of using fruit produced on the estate for the Hotel owners and the operator. Credit to the maintenance crew, the lawns were still manicured, the plant beds were lush and the flowers were abundant. The Pennisetum were bushy and without the usual depressing

shaved monk-head look too often experienced. The Agave leaves were almost complete and open, not reduced to looking like spear heads pointing desperately to the sky. Five star resorts in the region usually have extensive areas of lawn and softscape requiring large volumes of water. To their benefit, and to reduce their running costs and carbon footprint, most hotels produce TSE from their own treatment plant, utilized for irrigation. The TSE must be of top quality to meet stringent local environmental regulations, especially for beach front locations. Lessons learned and potential improvements: Coconut palms were originally imported out of season and planted on the beach to meet the grand opening deadline. They struggled to get established and to survive. In the end, substitution became necessary and more reliable mature Date palms had to be used during the maintenance period. There is a huge benefit to acclimatizing imported palms well before in-ground planting. When available, locally grown stock is often far better adapted to the conditions, especially in the case of sensitive Coconut palms.

I sustainable landscape

The hardscape sandstone paving material was essentially sourced from India. Durable grey sandstone pavers were used successfully as cobble stones for the entrance drive and the drop-off area. Various beige and honey shades of flagstones were imported for the main footpaths, retaining walls,

steps and pool deck. They all performed well under the test of time, despite the extreme temperatures and the highly saline beachfront environment. The boutique red sandstone however, used only in small amount and in limited locations, proved to be less resilient to the marine conditions and was showing signs of ageing under the highly corrosive conditions. Sustainability is always a challenge when dealing with extreme weather and marine conditions. Even the best stainless steel material can show signs of corrosion with time. Providing high levels of maintenance is of paramount importance for keeping five star facilities in pristine condition and to the best international standards in this very competitive Hospitality market. There are a small number of people who have spent the best part of their lives trying to bridge the gap between mankindâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ambitions and natureâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s requirements. One of them is my colleague and good friend John Arthur Davies. A gold medallist at the Chelsea Flower Show, based in Bahrain for nearly three decades, John has just marked a staggering 60 years of serving the Landscape profession with compassion and hard work. I first met John in Abu Dhabi 35 years ago, where I worked on a prestigious Islamic style garden project he had designed for a prominent Emirati Minister. John will soon be relocating to his home in Wales, from where he will maintain his close links with Bahrain and the region. This article is dedicated to his friendship, outstanding career and his contribution to the Landscape Industry.

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I INSIGHT

Shaping a new generation of Landscape Architects

As the UAE prepares itself for the upcoming Expo 2020, each of us going about our daily lives within the city looks across the urban skyline to a sea of cranes that intersect between the complexity of the tall buildings and local monuments. While the need for economic growth is extremely important, in order to provide stability and comfort for the inhabitants of the city, we also must focus our energy on the future generations. This will ensure that we provide an environment of well-being, education and knowledge around today’s issues such as

climate change and sustainability. It is crucial that we understand the importance of how much the current landscape structure of the city will shape our liveable cities of the future. A trending issue in today’s society is climate change. We as landscape architects find ourselves at the very centre of this issue where we have the power to make a difference, even if it’s in a small way. While children across Asia and the Pacific were a part of a vast global climate change strike, the children across the Middle East need to be educated on this discussion.

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Abu Dhabi Mangroves

By: Tina Heers

Landscape Architect As landscape architects working in the UAE, we are given the opportunity to design various landscape typologies. One typology allows us to transform the desert into a lush green environment, where the irrigation systems are to be carefully studied in order to avoid an excess of water demand on the landscape. Another alternative would be to create a landscape that is adaptive to the desert, by using desert-like plants which in turn adds to the practice of xeriscaping, this allows for concentration on water conservation whilst creating a harmonious landscape at the same time.

In order to benefit future generations of the UAE, we need to focus more on the rich landscapes of the region and educate them on the native planting species that are available right here on their doorstep. Programs are needed to create more initiatives to include the younger generation to be a part of the cities change and to have an impact on its placemaking. It is pertinent for this generation to understand the different demographics of the city and how to create a community for everyone, which in turn will add to the health and wellbeing of its inhabitants. These may

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include resources such as community gardens, green spaces, greenhouses and fitness and recreational spaces. Whilst this millennial generation are to say the least, addicted to their phones, iPadâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and computers, as a community we need to create these educational resources for them to carry on and understand the importance of nature. A great project developed by Ten Eyke Landscape Architects called the Underwood Family Sonoran Landscape Laboratory in Tucson Arizona, had turned a barren carpark into a desert oasis for students and professors as well as providing a habitat for plants and animal species. Small projects like this can easily be taken on by students of the UAE to provide recognition to sustainability and help raise awareness of the importance of the environment to the city. Locally within the UAE there are many built projects that incorporate sustainability within the landscape. Al Wathba Desert Resort and Spa a new resort by

Jumeriah situated deep within the desert of Abu Dhabi is a great example of this. The design style embodies the aims of sustainability through using locally sourced and available materials such as dune sand, wadi rock, boulders and cobbles. Importantly this concept minimises the irrigation demand by using native and adaptive plant species which are tolerant of the desert climate. More exposure to these types of projects should be further studied in schools and universities to motivate the students to want to get involved and be a part of building a sustainable city. As we, landscape architects, strive to achieve the best aesthetics throughout each design the importance of sustainability, climate change, water efficiency and reduction of emissions also need to be achieved. Where some cities in the region have, strong guidelines regarding the sustainable factors, we need to reach out further into the community to provide awareness and education for all generations to come.

Desert Hyancinth

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I parks

The Art of Smart Efficient Landscape Irrigation Design By: Tarek Alsheeti Senior Irrigation Engineer InSite

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Dubai Hills Estate Park is an Emaar project which forms the heart of the entire Dubai Hills Estate development, and the first phase of Mohamed Bin Rashid City. The park opened its doors to visitors recently and showcased its 18 Hectares that hosts an extensive area of softscape and approximately two thousand trees and palms. Visitors will notice the manicured green grass during their journey through the park, almost resembling of a golf course, but donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t be fooled, the picturesque grass is a result of smart, efficient irrigation design. Specialized irrigation software was used to design the watering system and through a careful design process, efficiencies were introduced to ensure water conservation and maximum effect. The design team used software outputs of data of pipe sizes, solenoid valveâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flow rates and the system hydraulic critical analysis to achieve the most efficient system possible. High quality irrigation products were installed throughout the project. The use of the correct element in the correct environment is critical to the success of any

I parks irrigation scheme. Rotary nozzles were specifically utilized in the mounds to eliminate the possibility of run-off water as well as to provide unparalleled views while the irrigation flow is operational. Additionally, the nozzle adjustment process could not be easier, simply manipulated by hand with no tools required for adjustment. In the other situations, the curtain water stream nozzles produce significant water savings and even distribution uniformity is the result. You may wonder, why the quick coupling valves are not in use? However, one look at the green grass should answer this enquiry. They are not needed! For the DHE Park we specified the sandy color dripline which neatly matches the soil color. Why do we have to wait until the construction of the entire development to have the irrigation system centralized in the park? In fact, the solenoid valves are powered by a single GPRS flow sensing decoder

Soil friendly dripline color controller which has built in central control features. As a result, it does not matter how long it takes or in what sequence the various landscape packages are constructed throughout the development. Furthermore, the four sources of water â&#x20AC;&#x201C; four irrigation chambers - are monitored by automatic master valves. The installed system at DHE Park is able to monitor any unusual flow and react accordingly, while also having the ability to shut down any master valve by simply using a mobile phone. In addition to this capability, the quantity of the irrigation water can be monitored easily through customized reports. This is all good news for UAE-based irrigation specialists and scholars who are keen to get specific plant water demand figures directly from sites. The irrigation strategy for the DHE Park has been designed based on dedicated valves for each of the following plantations types:

Golf course turf quality A. Palms. B. Ornamental trees. C. Ground cover. D. Shrubs. E. Succulents. Through monitoring the runtime for each dedicated valve over the duration of 12 months, the owner will be able to confirm the need to reduce or increase the plant water demands in places where the weather stations and smart control systems are not available. These outputs and data will be used as intelligence for future projects. The landscape irrigation system in Dubai Hills Estate Park is a good example of using new technologies from the earliest design stages by choosing the correct design software, specifying the most appropriate emission devices, choosing the optimum central control system and ensuring that a mobile phone application can be used to maintain the system. Moving forward, one can only imagine the improved combination we could benefit from to reduce water and enjoy remarkable landscapes.

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I ecology

Brett Girven

Principal, the Arbor School

Revolutionising Education

A Dubai school is changing the way pupils learn with its environmentally responsible ethos and practices

You recently held an event in your school’s biodome. What was the purpose of this event? We hosted a series of events in our biodomes, as we wanted to encourage our school community as well as the wider community to use and enjoy our facilities and the environment we have created. This was an opportunity for us to showcase the different aspects of our campus and the nature that fills the biodomes.

Our aim for these events was to show families what it is that we offer at Arbor and to illustrate the Arbor difference. How is your school leading the way in terms of ecology and promoting environmental justice in the community? Ecology is certainly a core focus of the school and it’s important to recognise that ecology is broader than just ‘being green’, recycling and waste management.

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I ecology

Ecology in the idea of connecting and connected systems. The school is founded on the concept of understanding the nature of systems and how they interact. The Arbor School promotes this in many ways at the youngest age, through learning in context or place, so the students experience being with nature and by understanding how systems connect at a simpler level. We then teach them how, for example, the food system works beyond simply producing food – how it impacts the community on a wider level, how it impacts the financial systems and how we as humans’ impact and effect these changes. Underscoring everything is the delivery of the National Curriculum for England, which is fundamental in terms of ensuring our students are ready and able to access the projects by ensuring they have the conceptual and academic capacity. The National Curriculum (sometimes called the British Curriculum) has very clear learning progressions that provide the rigour and enable us to ensure students are growing and learning. While the Arbor School’s academic rigour is built around the National Curriculum, it has elements of environmental justice, sustainability and ecoliteracy integrated throughout. Why as a school did you decide that it was important to have a strong focus on ecology among your cohort? From the highest levels of governorship and the founding CEO, the school has made a commitment to the concepts of ecoliteracy, ecology and sustainability that is evident through the facilities as well as the educational backgrounds of its leaders. The owner is a Paleoclimatologist, the Director of Education is a Geographer and Environmental Scientist, the Principal is an Environmental Scientist and Zoologist. It’s crystal clear to us, as a leadership team, that the changes we see in the world needed a response in a way that we educate our children and the way that they learn. Schools are a centre of response to the changes that have already happened in some parts of the world or that need to happen. We need to make sure that our children are prepared for the future, not just to be critical thinkers and problem solvers, but to understand how best, in terms of when, where and why to apply these solutions. If they are thinking critically about only one element of the system, while ignoring all the other elements that will eventually be impacted, will it really make a change? An important idea is to look at a problem and to solve for pattern; we don’t just solve in isolation; we solve for patterns. That will be the end-product of our school. We are not here to create eco-revolutionaries, although that may happen, but to create a new norm where it is unacceptable or unthinkable to address a challenge simply by looking at it in isolation from the systems with which it interacts.

Do you have an environmental policy in place? We have a range of environmentally sound policies in place. Rather than just policies, it is the procedures and the actual authentic implementation of those procedures that are significant. If you are talking about the quality of the building environment then yes, we manage that very closely down to the level of thermoimaging to identify any leakage or loss of the cool air. In fact, the building was built to stringent LEED Gold standards, which ensures we consider all of the aspects of being environmentally mindful. We have environmental policies in terms of how we interact with the flora and fauna to make sure that our children respect and take care of the green spaces. The animals that we have on site are managed very carefully and very ethically to make sure that they are respected as well, that’s part of the holistic nature of the school. How do students and parents get involved in practicing responsible behavior in relation to caring for the environment? We teach our children about respect and care. Two of our core values at Arbor are to act in a way that is principled and to act in a way that is respectful. In addition to that, teachers have a responsibility for, and are expected to demonstrate care towards all the flora and fauna on site. We have an eco-science teacher who uses an ecoliteracy framework which also has elements of respect, kindness and care for the environment within. Do you have any other events planned throughout the year to raise awareness of climate change? We address climate change as a critical element of sustainability as it comes up in many different areas. In terms of specific actions, we have now embarked on an ambitious programme to audit our carbon footprint. This is being driven from the very top of the school and will incorporate everything from waste management to the kinds of concrete used during construction. Governors, parents, staff and students will all have a part to play in achieving the eventual ambition which Is to be carbon neutral as a school. To take a system view of things, climate change is an outcome of a systematic problem and the systematic problem is the production of greenhouse gases. As such, we need to question how we can reduce the mechanisms by which greenhouse gases are produced and so for the Arbor community that may be an opportunity to limit the consumption of fossil fuels, to ensure parents’ cars aren’t left idling in the entrance way, to make sure that we reduce, reuse and recycle anything that is built from fossil fuels, and so on. If we take a long-term systematic view, we need to solve patterns. Whilst certainly a valuable act, protesting climate change may not actually look to the root cause, and that’s the system-thinking we are aiming to achieve. For further information on the Arbor School, please contact +971 4 581 4100, or visit www.thearborschool.ae

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I educational environment

Zero + Infinite By: Jimena Martignoni

A new building in the University of Buenos Aires (UBA) sets new standards for green educational environments In Buenos Aires, the capital city of Argentina, public education is essentially represented by the University of Buenos Aires (UBA). Founded in 1821, it’s one of the largest and most prestigious universities in America with thirteen different faculties and 300,000 students enrolled. The Faculty of Hard and Natural Sciences (FCEN) has around 6,000 researchers and scholars and over 1,500 ongoing research projects financed by the University, the National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET) and the National Agency of Science and Technology.

Historically, inter-university and faculty exchange programs and agreements have been key to FCEN’s development and this great incentive for the internationalization of higher education and academic exchange has been the inspiration for exceptional students and graduates to carry out outstanding projects and careers. Indeed, the Zero + Infinite project was born out of the union of two exceptional minds: Sebastian Ceria, the Argentinean mathematician and founder of New-York based software company Axioma and the Uruguayan globallyrenowned architect Rafael Viñoly. The two of them earned their

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undergraduate degrees at the University of Buenos Aires and, after many years and with successful international careers, they had the chance to give something back to this institution and to education at large. However, when asked about his connection to the project, architect Viñoly says that before any nostalgia, what he considers as a clear priority “is to improve the infrastructure of education everywhere”. Project Zero + Infinite Sebastian Ceria was the primary donor to the overall project and architect Viñoly donated the architectural design. The local counterpart was the Minister of Science and Technology of Argentina (2007-2018) and current Secretary Jose Lino Barañao, who in 2009 embarked on the creation of the LatinAmerican Center of Interdisciplinary Education, or CELFI, an unprecedented undergraduate course of studies which seeks to provide scientists with the tools to work on complex problems, by the interaction of interdisciplinary fields of expertise. This initiative was part of a program financed by the Latin American Bank of Development (2015) in which one of the foremost items was the construction of a first-class building that would house the new CELFI’s classrooms. The FCEN’s Calculus Institute and the graduate studies for Sciences of the Atmosphere are the other two important programs whose state-of-the-art labs, academic offices and learning spaces would be housed in the same building. Nestled in the heart of the UBA’s campus, a 60-hectare piece of land claimed from the river in the early 1960s, and close to other academic buildings, Zero + Infinite is comprised of a total area of 17,200 square meters. Connected

I educational environment

with an existing building of the faculty (Pavilion 1), via a pedestrian path lined up with the main access and running along the full extent of its shortest side, Zero + Infinite offers a clear relationship with the traditional cluster of the campus’s buildings. In turn, it offers a fresh imposing and landscapereflecting image which contrasts with that of the old compound. The context and the site’s existing conditions defined the project in several ways: firstly, the established trees planted in the site, which make up the woodlands of the UBA’s campus, were essential for delineating both shape and position of the building’s two courtyards, secondly, the connection and relationship with the nearby FCEN’s pavilions and thirdly, the site location is very near to the glide slope of Aeroparque (the local airport for domestic flights) which influenced the building’s overall shape and low-slung massing. Although the final project was named by mathematician Sebastian Ceria after the silhouettes of the courtyards, “zero” and “infinite”, the shapes and especially the exact location of the largest patio were a mere response to the need of maintaining as much as possible a stand of old-growth trees, bringing nature into the building and activating the outdoor spaces. Rafael Viñoly explains: “The trees came first because the most basic sustainability practice is to preserve what nature has taken decades or longer to build”.

During the construction’s preliminary stages, site surveys and assessments determined that the typical soil conditions of the reclaimed ground had affected the formal growth of the trees’ root system (extending horizontally into the land) and, as a result, successful processes of tree transplanting were possible only in some cases. The local team, which was in charge of the Infrastructure Department of the National Secretary of Science of Technology, included a specialist in Botany and an Agronomist who, after an in-depth analysis of the conditions of trees and the established large shrubs planted in the affected site, indicated which ones would be able to bounce back after the construction process, which ones would be able to be transplanted into other locations in the campus and which already unhealthy ones would not survive any stress. The transplanting was 100% successful and allowed the creation of new green areas in the campus; on the other hand, the trees now standing in the “Infinite” courtyard, especially and carefully treated during construction, provide a sense of life originally sought by the project. The rich interaction of the building and landscape is not only given by an almost 8,800 square meter-green roof or by the utilization of geothermal energy for the building’s cooling system but also, mainly, by the strong visual interconnectedness generated throughout the floor plates

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I educational environment

and with the enclosing natural areas. The see-through structure provides an amplified perception of space and brings the natural elements of both the surrounding landscape and that of the two green courtyards into the building, making tree tops and lawn areas seem to extend from the outside to the indoor spaces and vice versa, almost blurring this usually clear differentiation. The glass façade, with reflection of trees and blue sky, and the green roof, which when seen from passing airliners restores the image of the riverfront’s natural landscape, both mediate the relationship to- and drag on- the environment. Inside the building, a double height glazed atrium flows between the interior and exterior perimeters which comprise classrooms and support spaces for students in the main floor and offices, conference rooms and labs in the first floor. Except for the classrooms, distributed around the building’s exterior perimeter with wide open views, all learning spaces and offices are enclosed in glass to allow natural light into the center of the plan as well as to create a more transparent, collaborative environment of intellectual exchange. In this sense, the building is developed on just two floors to amplify this interconnectivity, something that architect Viñoly stresses

by explaining that “vertical stacking balkanizes communities because people are less likely to move vertically than horizontally, especially if they can’t see each other”. Regarding resource optimization, the structure of the facade is made to perform multiple duties. By extending the vertical aluminum fins out perpendicular to the glass surface (and shading it) the solar gain and energy consumption are dramatically reduced, the structure against wind loading is stiffened and the visibility into the classrooms from the exterior is controlled, generating a measure of privacy that balances the preference for open views. According to Viñoly “Every building, every significant investment of capital, especially for a public university, must optimize. It’s the only responsible approach to construction in this day and age but, though it may have been less vivid in the past, it has always been a key responsibility of the architect. A building for research and education in the natural sciences - especially one being completed in 2019, under the menace of climate change - must be even more focused. If an iconic image emerges from all of this optimization and detailing, it is a natural byproduct of building’s essence.” MONUMENTO A LOS DESAPARECIDOS

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El nuevo edificio para la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires es conceptualmente un edificio independiente, que brinda la máxima flexibilidad de los usos actuales y futuros, respetando el medio, vinculando y jerarquizando el edificio existente. Una volumetría simple de Planta Baja y un Piso, con dos patios abiertos que permiten el vínculo con el exterior. La Planta Baja contiene el acceso principal, que vincula el ingreso peatonal de los dos edificios. Este acceso fuertemente delineado genera para los peatones el vínculo entre los dos edificios con un dialogo entre los espacios públicos, semipúblico y privados, aéreas cubiertas, semi- cubiertas y descubiertas. En sus funciones, toda el área perimetral de la Planta Baja está destinada al sector de Aulas. Localizando el mayor tráfico de estudiantes en esa planta y permitiendo la máxima vinculación del alumnado entre sí y un sencillo vínculo con el edificio existente del Pabellón 1 y Pabellón 2 Las áreas restantes de la Planta Baja generadas alrededor de los dos patios, respetan los arboles existentes y sirven de respaldo de los servicios tales como: Salas de Reuniones, Salas de Servidores, Salas de Proyectos, Cafetería, Centro de Copiado, Areas de Encuentro y Areas de Lectura. El Primer Piso a la misma altura que el nivel del edificio existente del Pabellón 1, alberga las Bibliotecas y el sector comprendido por las Oficinas y Sector Administrativo. Todas ellas dispuestas en el perí¬metro del edificio y de los patios, brindándoles luz y ventilación natural. La vinculación con el nivel inferior es por medio de 5 escaleras ubicadas en el espacio cubierto de tal manera que son de fáciil visibilidad y acceso. Adicionalmente 5 núcleos verticales de servicio incluyen escaleras de emergencia, sanitarios y ascensores de carga y principal. La comunicación entre la bandeja del primer piso y las oficinas que circunscriben los patios se vinculan por medio de puentes, brindando una integración al conjunto que permite conexiones de los distintos departamentos entre si y una fuerte vincu¬lación espacial y visual con el nivel inferior. En el primer nivel un puente cubierto vincula el edificio existente con el nuevo edificio y brinda de cubierta para la circulación inferior entre los edificios a nivel de Planta Baja. Se materializa la envolvente con una piel de vidrio reforzando sus líneas verticales por medio de parasoles de Aluminio que brindan un control térmico y control de visuales. Con el volumen geométrico de un ángulo agudo, se refuerza la primitiva conexión entre el Pabellón 1 y el Pabellón 2, creando una calle lateral.

Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales - Universidad de Buenos Aires

Presentación de Proyecto Ejecutivo

30 de Noviembre, 2011

PANEL 01

Location: City of Buenos Aires, Argentina Designers: Rafael Viñoly Architects (New York, USA) Local Project’s Management: National Secretary of Science and Technology of Argentina, Department of Infrastructure: Director Bruno Spairani/ Local Management, representing Rafael Viñoly Architects: Sebastian Goldberg Client: FCEN: Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (UBA) Date of Completion: August 2019 Total area: 17,200 m2 / Green roof: 8,760 m²

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I book review

Books of interest The best outdor spaces share many of the same elements that shape comfortable interiors: good proportions, interesting textures, intriguing or calming colors, and eye-catching accessories. What’s more, our yards-extensions of our homes-can be every bit as inviting and personal as our favorite rooms. The secret to creating exceptional outdoor areas. according to design maven Linda O’Keeffe, is applying the familiar language and principles of interior design to exterior design. Using exquisite private gardens as examples, Inside Outside will help you design a space. add movement, create a mood, choose furniture, a. anticipate the effects of time. From dramatic topiaries and black tulips in Massachusetts to the living wall in the courtyard of a Paris penthouse. soothingly rhythmic Palm Beach patios to exuberant woodlands full of lush ferns, fresh ideas permeate both the gardens found within this book and the design thinking behind them. Featuring insights from one of today’s most respected voices on design, this inspirational sourcebook reminds us how useful it can be to turn our sensibilities inside out. About the Author O’Keefle is a distinguished desiqn writer and editor who has been working in design over decades, including sixteen years as the creative director of Metropolitan Home magazine. She currently, lectures moderates panel, contributes to a variety of shelter and architecture publications, and appears regularly, on radio and television design programs. She is the author of many books, including Shoes: A Celebration of Pumps, Sandals, Slippers & More; Stripes: Design Between the Lines; Head and Home: Rooms That Tell Stones.

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