KU Landscape Planning - Group 10 - Proces Diary by Landscape Planning 2013

d e pa rt m e n t o f g e o s c i e n c e s a n d n at u r a l r e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t university of copenhagen

L a n dscap e Pl anni ng 2013

STEELSC APE PR OCESS DIARY

// GROUP 10 //

university of copenhagen

landscape planning

2013

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pa g e

Group 10 WEEK ONE

The spine of Frederiksværk

Collage of the wetland “hotspot”: all activities gathers around the canal and creates coherence between the different areas and their characters.

First impressions of Frederiksværk: Patchwork of characteristic areas within the center of Frederiksværk. These areas are of great value both historically, functionally and structurally - together they define the atmosphere and sense of Frederiksværk. It could be discussed whether there is many centers or no center. Frederiksværk is fragmented in larger patchwork, but it is essence. Most of these areas are dominated by a structural line going in an east-west direction. But some of the areas (the shopping street, the main road, the railway) have a north-south direction or movement. One of the issues, based on the 4 different ideas, has been the lack of orientation and links between the areas.

First Ideas

The 4 ideas could be divided into 2 categories of scale. One concerning the large scale and strong structural lines connecting or linking the different areas to the strong spine of the canal running through the city-

from the lake of Arresø to Roskilde fjord. By marking and focusing on the canal the contextual landscape of Frederiksværk, which is of great value, is connected to the inner parts of the city. One framing the different areas of the city, by mirroring the canals, and one catching into the different areas by outlining what could be the main canal from the lake to the fjord. The second category is concerning the small scale and the points

“2 categories of scale: L-scale concerning the structural lines. Sscale concerning the orientational points.” and spots which lies the junction of areas of interest. The issue that is put to concept is the question of how to link the spots and create coherence. In the pointed spots there is a lack of orientation and connection. What blurs the orientation and could it just be a simple solution that could create a clear orientation, by making the structural lines

Characteristic Areas: There is many centres within the center of Frederiuksværk, which create a special atmosphere. They are both structural and functional characteristic.

Orientation/Direction/Movement: There is a clear structure of the city, but a lack of orientation. By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

university of copenhagen

landscape planning

2013

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pa g e

Group 10

visible? The missing link might lie in a few points to create the connections between the different areas.

Concept in progress

The new concept is based on the 4

“Where are the trouble points of orientation?” ideas with 3 issues concerning: - The polygons (the existing characteristic areas of Frederiksværk) - The lines (structural) - The points (orientation - missing link)

Next task on the drawing table:

- Where are the trouble points of orientation? - Zooming closer to the points: How are they connected/disconnected from the areas of interest? - How can the structural lines create orientation and connection and still maintain the atmosphere of the many different characteristic areas? Should it be lines of visibility or functionality?

Conceptual model showing the different characters and how they all meet by the canal. This creates the identity - The spine of Fredriksværk.

Flow Pattern: Issues of structure, connection and direction.

Coherence: Issues of connection, expansion of green area and landmarks.

Mirrored City: Issue of the unbalanced city

Spots & Links: Issues of Direction/motion, Orientation and Patches/points.

By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

university of copenhagen

landscape planning

2013

•

pa g e

Group 10 WEEK TWO

The spine of Frederiksværk

Visualization: The canal becomes the central attraction in Fredriksværk and activity appears wherever it reaches. The spatial and structural analysis of Frederiksværk indicates a city whith many strong characteristic areas defined both by structural direction, scale, material, function and scale. To create the missing stiches that sews the city togheter three issues was defined: The spine, the ribs and the hotspots. Functionally and structurally Frederiksværk is a city of many centres within the centre. The lack of cohesion and orientation between these centres lead us to the first issue: the spine. The many characteristic ar-

“ (...) the city centre becomes fragmented and the experiences weakens by the lack of orientation.”

eas in the city centre are valuable because they enrich the experience of the city. But in the same time the city becomes fragmented and the experiences weakens by the lack of orientation. Therefore it needs something that holds it together. A characteristic element of Frederiksværk is the canal running through the city centre. The canal is a manmade feature connected to the history of Frederiksværk – the industrial heritage, and is still used for cooling water by the existing industry. The canal runs from Arresø Lake to Roskilde Fjord. The canal was once the nerve and lifeline of Frederiksværk, and we believe that it could be that again, by adding new meaning and value to the canal – to highlight the canal as the structural spinet that zips the inner city of Frederiksværk together. The problem of the canal today concerns the issue of visibility but has the potential for restructuring

the city by giving a clear central orientation line.

Parc del Clot, Barcelona The canal almost leads through all the mentioned areas, but there are spots which are not connected to it. And that is the second issue; the spine needs ribs to create a clearer orientation and stronger cohesion within the city centre. As mentioned the canal is the spine of the city, but the ribs could be either paths, alleys of vegetation, light or a visual line that connects the areas to each other and the canal. In the crossing between the spine

and its ribs important infrastructural and social meetings will be created which leads to the third issue; the issue of hotspots as were pointed out in the first draft of the concept. The hotspots will appear along the canal (the spine) and mark that something new happens. These spots could be squares for relaxing, space for activity or a simple element highlighting the crossing – like a bench, accenting vegetation etc. Each design will be influenced by the characteristic areas that are crossing, but to make a cohesive line and strengthen the spine one material or element like a stone in the pavement or a light installation should be integrated as a connecting element. To take an example we zoom closer to the industrial area (see visualization on first page). The water as a historical lifeline should be made visible, the large scale and the rough (steely)

By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

university of copenhagen

landscape planning

2013

•

pa g e

Group 10

Defining the ribs material of the industry should be the characterizing features of the new square or this case a boardwalk to the Fjord. But in-between a stone in the pavement could be a trace that also refers to all the other spots; Metaphorically – the stitches should be the same, otherwise the stitching will not hold for long.

Souvenirs from Spain

The Masterplan

Arresø lake

commercial residental mix

spine

cultural

leisure

Roskilde fjord

industry

ribs hotspot

wetland

Diagram: Surroundings

Diagram: characteristic areas mix

Diagram: Structural concept small

cultivated

mono

mix

Next step

mix mix

-Design Detail; look into references -Strategy of Design; developing in steps .

residental

forest

canal

tivate

served: How a wall of a building in Parc del clot was used for activity – playing squash. How a bench in Girona could break down a border of a road to patch a square, a minor park, a playground and an entrance to the wall together. How a roof terraces could ’cover’ the physical appearance of solar energy. How one stone ’placed randomly’ can stitch a whole area together… etc. It might be too windy to play squash in DK, but perhaps there is an unused wall in the industrial area of Frederiksværk, where a movie could be screened in the summertime.

uncul

This week the studio visited the Spanish cities Girona and Barcelona. One of the structural lines of Girona is an old wall. The wall is strengthen and stitched together with one type of stone, but when you walk along the wall you meet many different spots/small parks/ squares connected to the wall but with their own identity. This is something that inspired us in our work with the hotspots. The trip served a book of references for the project in Frederiksværk, and to cut it down, these three main observations were made: The art of lines The mix of materials The levelling ground Of course many of others were observed, sketched and written down. The art of lines was a strong feature in many of the projects and landscapes that we studied e.g. Parc del Clot, Torrent D’en Farre, Placa del mar. The lines were either paths or visual connection framed by structural (sometimes even sculptural) elements: trees, construction of metal or clear pavement-style. As for the mix of material many projects showed how time and surrounding area were integrated, but still created an autonomous place. The levelling ground was either expressed in terraces or lowering a field, which created an atmosphere of comfort and a strong defined space for activity. Small details were as well ob-

Diagram: Vegetation

Diagram: Material

large

Diagram: Scale

Section of the new boardwalk along the canal in the industrial area and the wetlands on the other side. By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

university of copenhagen

landscape planning

2013

•

pa g e

Group 10 WEEK THREE

The spine of Frederiksværk

The Industrial Square and the new Boardwalk ‘The spine of Frederiksværk’ is re-establishing the canal as the lifeline of Frederiksværk connecting the great contextual landscape of Arresø Lake, the surrounding hillscape and Roskilde Fjord. Furthermore it highlights the hidden qualities creating new urban spaces connecting the fragmented city. This project will strengthen the qualities and thereby enrich the experience and attractivity creating the physical frames for the good life in Frederiksværk and further development. Frederiksværk is a unique historical site situated within a greater landscape of Arresø Lake, surrounding hillscape and the costal line of Roskilde Fjord. Zooming to the central part of Frederiksværk, you will find a heritage of cultural and industrial value reflected in the physical space - the essence of Frederiksværk. The canal has been an important lifeline for the historical development of the city and this project will re-establish its position, by adding new meaning and value to the canal – to highlight the canal as the structural spine that zips the inner city of Frederiksværk together. But Frederiksværk and the values of the city are challenged. The issue of this project concerns: The

fragmented city lacking connectivity and loosing orientation and thereby the qualities get invisible. 1.The fragmented city The spatial and structural analysis of Frederiksværk indicates a city with many strong characteristic areas defined by structural direction, scale, material, function and scale. Functionally they work as small mono-centres within the centre; The cultural centre (Gjethuset), The shopping centre (Pedestrian street), Cultural-heritage centres, Educational centre(Gymnasium), Industrial centre(near the harbour) to name a few. The many characteristic areas in the city centre are valuable because they enrich the experience of the city. But in the same time the city becomes fragmented and the experiences weakens by the lack of orientation. These areas are of great value historically, functionally and structurally – together they define the atmosphere and sense of Frederiksværk. It could be discussed whether there is many centres or no centre. Frederiksværk is fragmented in larger patchwork, but it is essence. 2.The lack of connectivity and orientation Because of these very defined areas the central part of Frederiksværk seems disconnected. New urban development would benefit from a better integration to the existing

city parts, and therefore connections and links between important centres must be taking into account in the design concept. The legibility has to be strengthening for creating an attractive liveable city. 3.The hidden qualities In the crossings of the fragmented city the orientation gets blurry by infrastructural nodes, the canal is hidden between building structures and wilderness of vegetation and the water becomes unreachable. These crossings have the potentials to evolve to orientational hotspots from where the qualities get visible and new urban development can take form. To strengthen the connectivity and orientation within the fragmented city the spine of the canal is an important feature. This concept strengthens the canal as a central magnetic line running from Arresø Lake through the city and out into the Fjord. Hotspots along the canal break down the barriers for orientation and connections creating new urban development that visualizes the qualities of the context and by crossing ribs to central fragmented areas the story of Frederiksværk becomes legible.

The Canal

The canal is the central magnetic line that connects Frederiksværk to the surrounding contextual landscape and by ribs of paths, alleys

and lights it connects the central urban areas. Along the canal a path will follow with different experiences along the way. From Arresø an existing natural path hidden behind the church will be connected to the terraces from the Market Square. Walking through the City Park a little square of terraces down to water of the canal will appear from where a hidden path close connected to the water and vegetation will be strengthen. The axis of the church along Strandgade will be transformed to a Boulevard for pedestrians and cyclist. Along the Boulevard small openings down to the canal will appear before it connects to the Student Square. A boardwalk connected to the Industrial Square will continue along the canal and end up in the costal line of the harbour highlighted by a line of industrial lights that can be seen many angles when you enter the city.

The Market Square & the City Park In the junction of two centres meeting a Market Square and a transformed City Park is planned. Today the two centres (Shopping Centre and Cultural Centre) is divided by the canal and a parking/green area in an east-west direction. Each centre is well defined by style, material and scale. In this junction two entrance roads are ending blind in

By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

u un n ii v e r s i t y o f c o o pp ee n nh ha ag g ee n n

ll a an nd d ss c ca a pp ee pp ll a an nn n ii n ng g

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Group 10

parking lots, so this is where people can begin their journey on foot in Frederiksværk. The church is positioned in the background of the shopping street; here a strong axis (east-west) appears – a view line following Strandgade (housing-heritage) to the green camping area. The housing area of Strandgade and the housing area near the Cobber Mill are de-attached as an island in the northwestern corner of this hotspot. The canal splits and hides behind a small parking lot and fences disconnecting the northwestern corner. The fences will be removed and small pocket parks and squares appear. The alley of trees on the backside of the shopping street will continue as rib connecting the areas.

The Student Square

The Student Square is the hotspot crossing the highschool area, the greening and the beginning of the industrial area. The materiality will be a mixture of the roughness Masterplan

brought from the industrial area and vegetation structure from the wetlands. From the Student Square a connecting path will be planned through the existing forest to one of the industrial heritage areas and a area of cultural/sports activity. The existing forest has the potentials for developing through time to a Forest of Activity connected to the Tennis court and the Highschool.

Existing Trees

Market Square

Canal

Market Square

Road

The Market Square

The Industrial Square

The water as a historical lifeline should be made visible, the large scale and the rough (steely) material of the industry should be the characterizing features of the new industrial square and the boardwalk to the Fjord. The Industrial Square is the beginning of transforming a larger area near the harbour. As industries closes a further development of the area can take place

Libery

Strandgade Canal

The Boulevard and hidden path

New café Boardwalk Terrace Wetlands, floodzone

Canal

Existing Green area

The Industrial Square

Sections crossing the canal

By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

university of copenhagen

landscape planning

2013

•

pa g e

Group 10 WEEK FOUR

The spine of Frederiksværk

The Industrial Square and the new Boardwalk ‘The spine of Frederiksværk’ is re-establishing the canal as the lifeline of Frederiksværk connecting the great contextual landscape of Arresø Lake, the surrounding hills and Roskilde Fjord. Furthermore it highlights the hidden qualities creating new urban spaces connecting the fragmented city. This project will strengthen the qualities and thereby enrich the experience and attractivity creating the physical frames for the good life in Frederiksværk and further development. Frederiksværk is a unique historical city situated along a canal leading between Arresø Lake and the coast of Roskilde Fjord. The city is framed by hills in the east and by the coastline in the west. Because of the good location a steel industry was developed in the 1700th century and a new city was soon blooming around it. The industrial heritage affected how the central part of the city was structured. For example the canal was an important lifeline for the drift of the industry and therefore the structure was concentrated along it. The city has then grown spontaneously through the years and a lot of small centres with strong individual characters have been developed. Despite these values, Frederiksværk are facing challenges. The

different characteristic areas have a lot of potential but they don’t have any connection to each other and the surroundings. Because of the lack of connectivity and orientation the city seems fragmented but has a lot of hidden qualities.

the city becomes fragmented and the experience is weakened by the lack of orientation between them. The areas are of great value historically, functionally and structurally – together they define the atmosphere and sense of Frederiksværk.

1. The lack of connectivity and orientation. Because of the much defined areas the central part of Frederiksværk seems disconnected. New urban development would benefit from a better integration to the existing city parts, and therefore connections and links between important centres must be taking into account in the design concept. The legibility has to be strengthening for creating an attractive liveable city.

3.The hidden qualities Frederiksværk is a mesh of infrastructural nodes, natural structures and urban areas which all make the qualities of the unique areas blurry. For example the canal is hidden between building structures and wilderness of vegetation and the water becomes unreachable. On certain spots the problem is more distinct but at the same time they have the potentials to evolve to central nodes from where the qualities get visible by small changes and new urban development can take form. To solve these problems and to create a strong identity we design a skeleton with spine, ribs and the hotspots. To strengthen the connectivity, orientation and fragmentation the city needs a spine. In our project the spine is found in the canal and in a path system parallel to it. In this project we will re-establish the canal’s position, by adding new meaning and value to it – to highlight the canal as the structural spine that zips the inner city of Frederiksværk together. To make

2. The fragmented city The spatial and structural analysis of Frederiksværk indicates a city with many strong characteristic areas defined by structural direction, material, function and scale. Functionally they work as small mono-centres within the centre; The cultural centre (Gjethuset), The shopping centre (Pedestrian street), Cultural-heritage centres, Educational centre(Gymnasium), Industrial centre(near the harbour) to name a few. The many characteristic areas in the city centre enrich the experience of the city but in the same time

the connection stronger to areas that do not lie close to the canal we create ribs that drag people into the centre. They are built up by tree rows, paths and view lines. Hotspots along the canal connect the fragmented areas and magnify their hidden qualities. These spots are squares and parks in our design.

The Canal

The canal is the central magnetic line that connects Frederiksværk to the surrounding contextual landscape and by ribs of paths, alleys and lights it connects the central urban areas. Along the canal a path will follow with different experiences along the way. From Arresø an existing natural path hidden behind the church will be connected to the terraces from the Market Square. Walking through the City Park a little square of terraces down to water of the canal will appear from where a hidden path close connected to the water and vegetation will be strengthen. The axis of the church along Strandgade will be transformed to a Boulevard for pedestrians and cyclist. Along the Boulevard small openings down to the canal will appear before it connects to the Student Square. A boardwalk connected to the Industrial Square will continue along the canal and end up in the costal line of the harbour highlighted by a line of industrial lights that can be seen

By Michael Mosch, Marie Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle

u n ii v v ee r r ss ii tt y y o o ff c co op e n h a ag e n

landscape planning

2013

•

pa g e

Group 10

many angles when you enter the city.

The Market Square & the City Park

In the junction of two centres meeting a Market Square and a transformed City Park is planned. Today the two centres (Shopping Centre and Cultural Centre) is divided by the canal and a parking/green area in an east-west direction. Each centre is well defined by style, material and scale. In this junction two entrance roads are ending blind in parking lots, so this is where people can begin their journey on foot in Frederiksværk. The church is positioned in the background of the shopping street; here a strong axis (east-west) appears – a view line following Strandgade (housing-heritage) to the green camping area. The housing area of Strandgade and the housing area near the Cobber Mill are de-attached as an island in the northwestern corner of this hotspot. The canal splits and

hides behind a small parking lot and fences disconnecting the northwestern corner. The fences will be removed and small pocket parks and squares appear. The alley of trees on the backside of the shopping street will continue as rib connecting the areas.

The Student Square

The Student Square is the hotspot crossing the highschool area, the greening and the beginning of the industrial area. The materiality will be a mixture of the roughness brought from the industrial area and vegetation structure from the wetlands. From the Student Square a connecting path will be planned through the existing forest to one of the industrial heritage areas and a area of cultural/sports activity. The existing forest has the potentials for developing through time to a Forest of Activity connected to the Tennis court and the Highschool.’

The Industrial Square

woodland gun powder area lake

wetlands

In our project we reveal the values and characters of the specific spots along the canal - the spine.

railway station

fjord The design process: going into detail.

By Michael Mosch, Marie C. Gramkow. Ellinor Persson, Marie Lene Aa. Balle