university of copenhagen d e pa r t m e n t o f g e o s c i e n c e s a n d n at u r a l r e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t
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Tina Kasper F.S. Ke Xu Ana
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Fred Ludvig Kirstine H. Hanna
Kasper F. Thea Watkin Dagbjört
Kirstine L. Jesper Marie Morten
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Ina Mathies Zhiqi Vivica
Sara Diego Astrid
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Halla Kristian Cecilie Rasmus
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Natradee Skarphéðinn Alexis Julie
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Calum Hanne Lisbeth Nanna Michal
enter / exit
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Landscape studio 2017
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Colophon Th e St ud i o 2 0 1 7 Mathies Nissen Andersen
Cecilie Marie Bay Holm
Ian Watkin Federico Mclennan
Marie Nygaard Svendsen
Astrid Andreasen
Kirstiene C.C. Hoogeveen
Julie Ringbøl Svenningsen
Halla Áargarð av Rana
Hanne Lisbeth Jehg
Calum Thomas Morrison Mitchell
Johan Ludvig Bratt
Thea Kirstine Jeppesen
Diego Mauricio Chanove Ruiz
Nanna Høgsberg Kristensen
Sara Daneshyar Boudigaard Nielsen
Ke Xu
Ana Rita Elvas Panoias
Michal Laszczuk
Skarphéðinn Njálsson
Yuhe Zhang
Kasper Foldager
Zhiqi Liang
Natradee Quek
Dagbjört Gardarsdóttir
Rasmus Østergaard Lind
Jesper Rasmussen
Vivica Anna Gardarsson
Kirstine Thorngreen P Lorentsen
Tina Johanna Høi Rosenbjerg
Hanna Allesøe Hansen
Hugo Alexis Lucio Portillo
Kasper Fjordgård Skjærlund
Kristian Mousten
Morten Gøsta Svensson Ina Maria Weinreich
Pe rma ne n t t e a m Peter Lundsgaard Hansen, plh@ign.ku.dk- Course responsible Torban E. Dam, toda@ign.ku.dk Anna Sofia Falkentoft, rjn130@alumni.ku.dk Jens Linnet, jl@bogl.dk Carsten Johansen, cajo@ign.ku.dk (ModelLab)
Edit o ria l t e a m
S pe ci al thanks to:
Anna Sofia Falkentoft, rjn130@alumni.ku.dk Peter Lundsgaard Hansen, plh@ign.ku.dk
Georg Boyes Fond for the contribution to Landscape Studio 2017. We are greatful for the stimulating walks, talks, lectures and discussions with our fellow colleauges from The University of Copenhagen and offices.
C u ra t io n / r u n n i n g o ffi ce
landscapestudio17.tumblr.com
Peter Lundsgaard Hansen and Anna Sofia Falkentoft
Foreword Landscape Studio 2017 focuses on deep landscape structures in metropolitan Cities. The present publication documents 9 projects elaborated by 35 international students in our studio office in Copenhagen and during our fieldwork in Germany, Holland, Belgium and France. This studio has been working with the conceptual idea of an iconic land-
scape, ‘the island’, in the maritime territory of Copenhagen. The students have been asked to envision, plan and design a system of islands, land, shores and forest in connection to, along- and across the industrial harbour quay of Copenhagen. The assignment poses 3 selected locations where only 150 years ago the landscape was shaped by fjord and wetland.
The aim has been to get a better understanding of landscapes as both system and physical construction and with this approach the students have drawn a new atlas that combines contemporary concepts of ‘nature in the city’, challenges of rising water levels and with focus of the harbour as recreational space and future maritime industry. The result of landscape studio 2017 is a system of new land, new water bodies, remodelled edges and shores. Furthermore it combines existing and new structures with forests,
ponds and wetlands into a new deep structure we shall name capital nature. Landscape Studio is part of the Graduate Program in Landscape Architecture at the University of Copenhagen. The Studio office work and the design process can be found on www.landscapestudio17.tumblr.com
Peter Lundsgaard Hansen, Course responsible
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Table of Contents I n troduct i o n
Projects
C o l o ph o n
02
Foreword
03
C u r a to r ia l
07
Ø : L an d , sh o r e a n d fo r e st ( p r e lim in a r y)
08
Delta Ø Group5
16
D o c k Is la n d F o re s t Group 7
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D o k ho lm Group 9
20
K a l v eb o d F o re s t Be lt s Group 2
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K a l v eb o d Ky s t Group 3
24
K a l v eb o d Co a s t L a n d Group 4
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Te g l v ærk s g ru n d e n Group 1
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Te g l v ærk s f jo rd e n Group 6
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P e o p le ’s Is la n d Group 8
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Curatorial In Landscape Studio we actively arrange and rearrange the studio office. We do it to support the ability to synthesize and differentiate between the ‘knowledge’ available on one hand and on the other hand to ‘understand’ what is needed to solve specific design challenges. This process of selecting and bringing parts together in a synthesis constitutes a core creative challenge in Landscape Studio. It helps us to see better – collectively, and thus to support design students in sharing ideas and to overcome the duality between scientific and artistic work. The archaeology of our studio office provides us with a better understand-
ing of the process and the development of the design throughout the 9 weeks we work together. In practicality we prepare the studio before we do anything else. First we move the project into the studio, including my own office space. Then we all move into the project. Later the changes we carry out are in intervals that correspond to the needs that we see. The studio becomes ‘a silent teacher’, a phenomenon I call rooming. With this, we refer to the spatially anchored ‘nudging’ and ‘curating’ within an exhibition-like work environment made by teachers and students collectively throughout the course. In this way the
studio office support our students in their design conversations and enable them to connect what they ‘know’ and ‘say’ to what they ‘do’ and ‘see’. Thus, Landscape Studio aims to work at the intersection between physical space and teaching practices where ‘we create as we speak’.
Running Office
The studio called Versailles is a place where a ladder across a gaffa tape boarder (on the floor) marks a special work zone - this is where Running Office is. This 3x5 m square is on the floor of Versailles, Model Lab and Skallingen and is the experimental territory of Capital Copenhagen. In this
zone we can mix and experiment with matter that normally seem non compatable - ex. fitting a stuffed bird, some bricks and a digital plan together and find new and unexpected observations in our work. From what we find we can then go back to our work outside the zone and incoorporate new ways of seeing into our design. With the gaffa tape we can take this office with us when we travel. Here we work with all scales, with books, digital drawings projected from the seeling down onto the models we make, paper presentations, stufed animals, 1:1 examples of pavement stone and soil types, movies, etc.
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Ø: land, shore and forest new atlas of islands with land cover, shores and forest across the capital of Copenhagen. We will, respectfully, call it the Emerald island Necklace.
The Emerald Necklace in Copenhagen
Imagine the idea of the Emerald Necklace in the harbour of Copenhagen. With reference to Olmsted’s understanding of landscapes as both system and physical construction we have drawn a new atlas that combines contemporary concepts of ‘nature in the city’, challenges of rising water levels (due to climate changes), focus of the harbour as recreational space and fu-
“Landscape Studio 2017 continues this path by drawing a new atlas of islands with land cover, shores and forest across the capital of Copenhagen.”
At about the same period that industrialization made its way into what was a fjord in Copenhagen, a new park system was being developed in in Boston and Brookline, Massachusetts. The park system aimed to secure clean water and to improve living conditions for the citizens of Back Bay. The plan was designed by Frederick L. Olmsted and handed in to the Boston Park authorities with the title: Proposed Park System from the Common to Franklin Park including the Back Bay and Muddy River Improvements – Jamaica Pond and the Arnold Arboretum. It was to be his most extensive park system on which he worked on until his retirement in 1895. Today it is called the Emerald Necklace and is considered a highly attractive recreational landscape. It will impact on this years design studio. In the 1880´s the population of the American city Boston was growing and with it the city had expanded. Tidal water from Charles River and sewage from the city had become an increasing problem for the population of Back Bay. The commissioned plan combined treatment of sewage-water and pressure from tidal-water over ground and
in a system of streams, rivers, ponds, islands and lakes. This body of a new water-landscape with carefully crafted shores and edges was combined with forest plantings, shrubs and clearings creating biotopes that made it possible to ‘clean’ dirty sewage water and to deal with the tidal water of Charles River and Muddy River. The Emerald Necklace, a sanitary project, was visionary in its idea and Olmsted’s work reaches far beyond its time and into contemporary urban challenges of today. Because of the striking similarities between the urban challenges then and now, Olmsted’s visionary work in Boston and Brookline
“The assignment introduces the concept of an ‘island’ with its three landscape archetypes : land, shore forest” was the primary inspiration for Landscape Studio 2016 in working towards a ‘Prospect for a metropolitan nature in Copenhagen’. Landscape Studio 2017 continues this path by drawing a
ture maritime industry. It is the Emerald ‘island’ Necklace in the maritime territories of capital Copenhagen (see front page). This is the idea that foregrounds the assignment of Landscape Studio 2017. Like in the 1880’s Boston it is also a sanitary project (sustainability) camouflaged in a system of new land, new water bodies, remodelled edges, shores and in combination with forests, ponds and wetlands. It is a new deep structure we shall name capital nature.
The assignment
The assignment is to plan, design and communicate a series of maritime landscapes in the waters and alongand across its edges in the harbour of Copenhagen. The assignment poses 3 selected locations/maritime territories: (a) the open waters between Amalienborg and the Opera to (b) Kalvebod Brygge and (c) the basins of Sluseholmen to the south. The assignment presents the concept of a ‘maritime territory’ to suggest that the seabed itself is a landscape that must be taken into consideration. Furthermore a series of landscape archetypes are presented as design tools. The design must introduce combinations of large-scale dedications and small-scale interventions. The assignment is phased, open and with few initial limitations. To support the assignment the course entails fieldwork and reference studies in Germany, Holland, Belgium and France.
Landscape archetypes
The conceptual archetype of an island with its land, shore and forest define both the aim and the tools for the assignment. Their inherent potentials as agents for transformation (and thus as means to study the posed locations) in the maritime territories of Copenhagen are to be elaborated in this studio. The assignment introduces the concept of an ‘island’ with its three landscape archetypes (design tools) for the purpose of describing, understanding and developing ideas for change in -and along the harbour. Land is the overall archetype that defines a territory. Its land conditions foreground, ground and background. Shore is a landscape that conditions access for humans and wildlife. It connects land to the seabed, and creates attachment and direction to the edge of the water body of the harbour. Forest is introduced to emphasize on transition, openness/denseness and refer directly to the sky and to the ground.
(a) The open waters between Amalienborg and the Opera
(b) Kalvebod Brygge
(c) the basins of Sluseholmen
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Warning! Shallow waters. Kalvebod Brygge.
The landscape archetypes presented can be understood and worked with separately and/or as tightly interconnected wholes. Furthermore abstractions and stylized forms of these landscapes are welcome. The outcome will be contemporary urban landscapes.
Large-scale dedications
Each design must elaborate on the relation to its urban context and to the Emerald island Necklace.
Small-scale change
The proposal must consider principles for storm water management on a local level depending on the idea. The design program aims to secure smallscale functions and local identity. Interventions along and in proximity to existing (or future) bicycle, seaways and pedestrian path can be identified,
designed in greater detail and used for such proposes.
Built structures
A number of buildings and infrastructural structures can, depending on the proposed ideas, be identified and used in greater detail.
“The proposals shall reflect and contributes to an on-going discussion regarding capital nature” The following are examples of such structures that can help develop the landscape – its land, shore and forest plantings:
Work shops for boatbuilding of smaller boats, kayaks - height 10m (2x 2000 sq.m.); offices and smaller sheds (500 sq.m.); open storage yards for boats (2000 sq.m.); hostel with 20 rooms (600 sq.m.); café (200 sq.m.); access roads for service vehicles to work shops, halls, and kitchens; parking for 50 cars (1000 sq.m.); jetty for harbor busses; kayak club (3x 200 sq.m. incl. storage yards of 200 sq.m.); small boat habour incl. bridges and hauling space for kayaks and small boats.
Phases
The studio can be divided into three overall phases. In the first phase the assignment is to produce a collision (combination of collage techniques, drawing, notation and vision thinking). This phase includes all 3 selected locations and it
can be seen as an overall explorative study of the edges, the water body, the seabed, narrative, problems and potentials – creatively elaborated in conceptual ideas for change (the aim). The second phase is to develop a masterplan for one or more of the 3 initial locations. The third phase focuses on selected sites within the master plan to develop, explore and to detail their inherent potential for change. The proposals shall reflect and contributes to an on-going discussion regarding capital nature, its structural, economical and cultural significance in our cities today. A special focus should be given to the edge of the capital coastline (today, the quay) and to the maritime territories both above and below water.
a
b
c
The 3 selected locations/maritime territories: (a) the open waters between Amalienborg and the Opera to (b) Kalvebod Brygge and (c) the basins of Sluseholmen to the south. Copenhagen Inner Harbour, 1:25.000
Much of what happened in Boston and Brookline in Massachusetts is similar to Copenhagen 150 years ago. With the industrialization the enlargement of towns and cities encouraged change. The natural landscape along the coastline of Copenhagen was mostly fjord and marshland and the connection between the land and water was strong, visible and the use was diverse. Today there are very few places where you can see traces of this landscape. In a period of only 150 years the introduction of the quay we know today became the dominating edge in the harbour because it was necessary to minimise the distance between land and water. The quay, with its defining edge, is a powerful example of this change in Copenhagen and its maritime landscape can be seen as a 42 kilometres
“its landscape under the surface of the water is as distant to most people as is the moon.” long storyline. The story is about industrialization, and with its human idea as the motor, one that has changed our landscapes. Surprisingly, however, its landscape under the surface of the water is as distant to most people as is the moon. In a historical perspective this is a radical development in our perception of the water and its connection with the land. Also surprising is that since the end of industrialization in Copenhagen we still make the same quay when we rethink our city. Long gone are the fjords and the marshlands.
To understand why there is very little left of the fjord we must understand the basic logic of the harbour – because it is complex. It consists of both water and land; of buildings and infrastructure; of ships and boats, people and animals, plants and earthwork. A harbour made in time of the industrialisation provides: restricted access for people, reduced problems with unwanted animals, reduced surfaces and places for plants and wildlife, and a flat topography to support transport to and from the quay. It provides places with piers and boat anchoring places, fairways for ships and constructed in places with optimal weather conditions. It is perhaps not surprising that the water of the fjord became basins, the coastal shores became quays and the seabed became fairways for ships. Today we can access the waters almost everywhere. Since the decline of the industrialisation in Denmark in the 90’ies, industries have moved elsewhere or closed. However, the 42-kilometre long quay that defines Copenhagen was until resent times off limits to its citizens and visitors, just as the Charles River and Muddy River was to the citizens of Back Bay was in in the 1880’s. Only 30 years ago the thought of swimming in the harbour of Copenhagen was unthinkable. Today we can swim in the waters without fear of polluted water and we can go street fishing in the centre of Copenhagen without fear of eating what we catch. With its deep structure the Emerald island Necklace challenges us to meet future recreational-, sustainable- and economical demands for Copenhagen.
a
Thre
b
c
ee selected maritime territories
‘Ordet skaber hvad de N.F.S. Grundtvig, Teacher (1783-1872)
et nævner’
capital Nature
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bod
gad
A
e
Delta Ø Told
Amalienborg
marine territory Existing structure
terraces e
Seating element
boardwalk
Amaliehaven
Coastal forest Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts
park forest café
.
a
sen
s pl
Coastal
b
forest meadow studio houses
grassland
L as
Fab r
Layered forest
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-4
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-2
ej
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts - School of design
f t ve
Tak kell o
rocky shore -6
er v
j
The Opera
-7
e st
rocky shore
a Kvæsthusmolen
ik m
-1
roof meadow
Ph i
grassland Species-rich meadow
2,5
eL
ang
lle
Residential hoousing sA
llé
1,5
sø e
platform
Sam
main path
1,0 0,5
ld -
marsh d
kio
rock island
es A
coastal forest
2,0
beach
lip D
Skuespilhuset
marsh
Ga
A
c
rocky shore
li o n
s ve
Dan
dock
nes
0,0
j
Christiansholm 20
Delta Ø is a vision for a new inclusive harbour that works with the dynamics of water and nature to invite city dwellers to explore natural processes. The future harbour connect and intertwine the concepts of land, forest and shore to demonstrate a dynamic landscape where ecology, amenity and climate protection can be combined.
never treated as an isolated entity. By using selective spatial expansion of the old quay, a variety of built and natural edges are made to create a diversity of ecosystems to bring more life to the harbour.
Static waterscapes
Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestris
Quercus robur
Betula pendula
Quercus robur
80 m
+2,5
+0,0
Existing Site
Since industrialization began, waterbodies have been canalised and controlled to accommodate transportation, urban growth and flood protection. The tradition of controlling waterbodies has persisted despite that
Inspired by a river delta, we use the concept of an ever-changing landscape being part of a network and therefore
+2,0 +1,5 +1,0
40
Terrain
Path as a delta
Forest
Concept diagram the Copenhagen harbour already is developed and long past the industrial era. The spatial consequence of this is an abrupt separation of land and water with several meters high quays, result-
Larix deciclua
ing in monotonous promenades along the water with few possibilities for people to interact and understand the processes of water.
Tilia cordata Salix caprea Sorbus aucuparia
boardwalk
harbour structure
path
Coastal forest: mixed conifir and broadleave trees
café area / former pump station
new landfill / existing canal
the Opera
Section A-A - Forest meeting the meadow, connecting the delta island across the Opera, as well as the united terrain sloping down towards the south. Group 5: Ludvig Bratt, nwx295 ; Hanna Allesoe Hansen, pkt412 ; Kirstiene C. C. Hoogeveen, fpr355 ; Yuhe Zhang, crj398
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forcing a picture of a certain nature to the place. The beauty and aesthetic experience of the future urban nature
“The beauty... lies in understanding and appreciating biodiversity and how the ecosystem works.” lies in understanding and appreciating biodiversity and how the ecosystem works, rather than using vegetation only as architecture.
Static fluctuating
The meadow at the Delta Island is gently sloping towards the water allowing people and nature to interact and experience the shore of the harbour in a new way. A
B
0 year
0 year
10
10
50
50
Coastal forest (A) Layered forest (A) Grassland trees (B)
Planting strategy for the trees in the forest (A) and the grassland (B). Plan diagram show the place of the three different spatial experiences in the plantings.
Delta Ø
Delta Ø is situated around The Opera House, being part of a cultural landscape overlooking Amalienborg and Skuespilhuset. Breaking the edges around Amaliehaven and the Opera emphasizes that nature is not the opposite of culture and history but it on the contrary can enhance its beauty. On the island spaces are shaped by the meandering paths, vegetation and sloping terrain. The terrain gently leans towards the southern end of the island where land and water meets, allowing access to the water. A beach of sand and rocks, ecotone of plantings, a
platform and a dock creates a recreational area for locals and visitors offering different experiences. Nature in edges are reintroduced with diversity
“spaces are shaped by the meandering paths, vegetation and sloping terrain” in order not to lose the connection between land, shore and forest. The Delta Island offers various experiences. In the north you can expe-
rience coastal forest, a multi-layered forest surrounded by small hills or a park forest around the café in the old pumping station. Within the forests you can find meadows with small studio houses providing a dynamic visual counterpoint to the Opera. The area also invites people to experience and enjoy the view over the harbour from the boardwalk. The northern forest connects to the southern side of the Opera where it meets the coastal landscapes with its variety of plantings and high grass.
Vegetation and terrain
The new terrain will be made by moving the fertile soil from the south-end of the harbour to create small hills in the north end, thereby generating various growing conditions for diverse vegetation to thrive. The landfill removed from the sloping terrain will be used to fill up the canals. The new land will be tied together with a forest running all the way through, wrapping the Opera in a green carpet providing a new coastal forest with a mix of native broadleaf and conifer species. The management strategy will consist of nursing what will grow instead of
The future of Copenhagen harbour lies in the transition from a static to a fluctuating landscape. By breaking up the edge of the harbour in selected spots the first step towards the future harbour. The water will influence the shoreline and new habitats will be created for flora, fauna and humans. New edges will transform the harbour into a recreational destination, providing more diverse experience for people living in Copenhagen.
Coastal forest (A)
Layered forest (A)
Grassland trees (B)
Conceptual sections. Showing dense highland, the open coastal forest and the spaced out trees in the grassland
Quercus robur Prunus padus
the Opera
new landfill / existing canal coastal forest
Malus sylvestris Rosa canina Juniperus communis
coastal grassland
species-rich marsh
beach concrete edge
rock habitat
Christiansholm
Group 5: Ludvig Bratt, nwx295 ; Hanna Allesoe Hansen, pkt412 ; Kirstiene C. C. Hoogeveen, fpr355 ; Yuhe Zhang, crj398
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Dock Island Forest x -1
harbor view
x max. depth 10 m
Urban beach
historical traces
Amalienborg dense vegetation drained dock
Amaliehaven
gad
e
natural succession old pump station
bod
plaza -7
-8
Fab r
under water life
-7 -8
dense vegetation
e st
er v
ej
f t ve
soft stone egde
ik m
j
-6
ole
n
Tak kel lo
Tol d
Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts
old harbor memorial
Kvæ
st h
usm
the opera hill
Royal Danish Academy School of Architecture
The Opera House -9
Ph i the opera hill
-9
llip
de
L an
ges
niches
x -0,25
A llé
water chanal
-4
-3
-2
-1 0
1
2 3
4
the island
the eye catcher
5
am
-6 -5
sø e
dense trees
9
-
-8 -7
A llé
kayak station
salt marsh
-7
sk j o nne
beach area
ld - s
3 2 1 0 -1 -2
stones entarnce
Da
x -0,25
Ga
The Play House
li o n
s ve
j
occupying land with forest
-8
Paper Island
-7 -8
1:3000
-8
The plan is showing the soft shapes and new elements of Dock Island Forest.
Dock Island Forest, is a project focused to improve the adjoining areas of the Opera House. As several other places in Copenhagen, Dock island has started as a land reclamation project for different human activities. Dock Island Forest wants to create a new kind of reclamation where nature takes over man made builded structures, and by adding different environments, different species will find new habitats in the area. By reclaiming land gaps at the harbour of Copenhagen with urban forests, which means a collection of trees and vegetation making a habitat within a city, Dock Island Forest will protect these areas from future real estate projects. Therefore a new green power structure will be a new precedent in the area, nature as
New Axis history culture urban nature
new development
By adding a new axis Dock Island Forest is strengthening the connection along the harbour and tells the story about the past and the new future harbour.
the answer for harbour use and functions. Reclaiming the land for all citizens, creating power structures for all in Copenhagen Inner Harbour.
The Opera house is placed at the centre of Dock island in alignment with Amalienborg and The Marble Church. This geometry aime to connect the Opera house with the historical city, despite being separated by a stretch of water. Dock Island Forest is adding a new axis. By creating a new alignment, the Opera house will have a dialogue with its closest neighbors; The Paper Island and Holmen. This new axis is expressed by a new path that goes along Dock island. The path is taking you through a story: starting introducing a new urban landscape, then passing the opera house and culture, next going through an area with historical traces from the danish navy and old industrial harbour and finishing in a view platform where it is possible to
The path will continue the granite pavement at the front square of the opera and connect the new surroundings with the existing culture institution.
Group 7: Astrid Andreasen, clm384; Diego Chanove, drs720; Sara Daneshyra, tvf406
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Inside the urban forest with a view to the opera and the old pump station.
Old edge
Dock Island Forest is a project that intends to make enjoyable places for all. By changing the existing harbour,
from hard edged to soft ones using natural elements, a new way of perceiving the harbour is shown. It is a metaphor that intends to communicate that the novelty is to return to the past, to the natural, to the basics. Therefore re creating a harbour edge as it would be without man taking action is the idea behind the project, bringing to our cities what is outside of them, nature on its pure element. The result is a dialogue between nature and architecture, even a powerful structure like the Opera House of Copenhagen can be modest with the help of nature. Therefore a new scenery is shown, a communion between two elements. A new green power structure.
Eye cather pillar hall pinus sylvestris
Dialogue
Path
like the Opera, enter into dialogue and emphasises each other qualities. At the southern side, imitating a natural coastal landscape: smooth terrain and sandy dune beaches surrounded by coastal vegetation and trees, a new recreational area is created to make space for the enjoyments of the waterfront qualities.
In case of rise in the water level due to different climate conditions the terrain will invite the water in and one of the hills can be more or less detached from the rest of the area. At the Northern side of Dock Island Forest, nature interacts with historical traces from the Royal Danish Navy and old harbour industry. A pump house, a dock and cranes are surrounded by coastal vegetation combined with more traditional danish forest trees. Therefore visitors will have the chance to see an old shipyard industry in the middle of a urban forest.
The Opera Hill climbling up the Opera
hipp. rhamnoides sorbus intermedia
Beach
Viewpoint
Stones
Dock Island Forest is a deep structure that interacts with urban nature, culture and history by creating an urban forest, where these three concepts interacts within a typically danish landscape, making it as natural as possible.
“A new green power structure for all”
The island acer platanoides alnus glutinosa betula pendula populus tremula prunus avium quercus robur
Urban Nature
In the areas next to the Opera, before two tiny canals and open spaces. A new landscape and vegetation takes over the flat terrain. The idea with this intervention is to create a scenery where nature and a powerful structure
Old edge
observe Copenhagen’s inner harbour and old towers. A gentle lightning along the path is implemented to make the area accessible all year and gives people the opportunity to enjoy the Dock Island Forest by night. The lightning is placed gently with small bollards along the path. The landscape is going to be in darkness as in the nature, with the intention to disturb the wildlife as little as possible.
1:3000
Group 7: Astrid Andreasen,clm384; Diego Chanove, drs720; Sara Daneshyar, tvf406
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Dokholm
Dok Ø north of the Opera re-establishes contact to the historic dry dock. The forest settles on the bottom of the drained dry dock, providing an extraordinary experience of the depth of the harbour and functions lost. A canopy walk access to the cranes further frame the depth and view of the harbour life past and present. Dokholm is a new district in central Copenhagen that integrates the islands of Dok Ø and Frederiksholm into the unified district of Dokholm. The reinterpretation of the historic harbour on the islands as an inverse edge allows for future exchanges, no longer in the form of goods and commodities, but as a meeting place for residents, tourists, students, and artists. From the inverse edge, a dense urban forest infiltrates as veins into the in-
terior of the islands. Together, the inverse edge and forest will structure a unified quality that constitutes the foundation of a cohesive district, designed for all.
Reconnecting Dok Ø
Dok Ø itself is reconnected by mending the canals and subduing the isolated nature of the Opera. In filling the canals that were built a mere 17 years ago, the Opera is brought back from a lonely position as a lone ship at sea and anchored as a touchable entity in
the harbour. A mediating planting creates a tapered line building up from the edge of Dok Ø to embrace the Op-
“The inverse edge and forest will structure a unified quality” era and reconnect it to the exchanges of the harbour. As the trees grow, forest glades will develop and they will serve as a dynamic setting for differ-
ent social interactions. The industrial remnants on the island are invigorated with new function. The dry dock is drained, and the landscape on the surface settles on the preceding layer. On the shipyard cranes, a canopy walk adds a top-down view of the tree canopies and the life of the harbour. Provided with different vantage points to experience the landscape, people will be able to appreciate how the historic layer is cohesively integrated with the contemporary landscape at the island of Dok Ø.
The opera house
tapering forest cranes
Copenhagen harbour
-9m AA
The canopy walk
new café space +13 m The sunken woodland
+2m
opera basement -7m
-8m
- 12 m dry dock soil fill
filled in canal
- 10 m aa 1:2000
“The Opera’s anchored position in the forest and the new found function of the industrial remnants.”
Group 9: Calum Thomas Morrison Mitchell, htx197; Hanne Lisbeth Jehg, zpk170; Michal Laszczuk, pfn776; Nanna Høgsberg Kristensen, xgk297
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page 21
The inverse edge
An urban forest will further integrate Dok Ø and Frederiksholm into one district. The forest will be developed with an entropic strategy of establishment. Entropy is randomness in a system. It is manifested in a system of single species blocks that are planted in a grid. Each block will rise with the vigour and characteristics of the species, creating an evolving landscape of canopies, enveloping the allés, and infiltrating the interior of Dokholm from the inverse edge. The same species of trees used in the planting strategy are planted across the two islands to add a sense of uniformity and give a sense of cohesion to the district. A path system is developed with the urban forest, allowing people to weave through the grid found in the earlier form of the islands. Over time, thin-
harbour bus stop The canopy walk dry dock garden new cafe
music academy
tapered forest
KADK actors school
aa The opera house
maritime grasses
harbour bus stop
Ph i
lip D
eL
film school ang
es
A llé
tapered forest
Residential meadow
new bridge Proviantmagasin park Pr o
Christiansholm
vian
ve n
Planting strategy
existing cranes
lgra
ficial outline of the islands into a naturalistic seaside succession. The coastal band dissipates inland in an ‘inverse edge’ with the use of gravel and lawn that merges with tall grasses, shrubs, and trees.
Copenhagen Harbour
ena
“Dokholm is defined by an interior coastal band that softens the artificial outline into a seaside succession”
AA
Ars
The coasts of Dok Ø and Frederiksholm are characterized by the straight lines of a reclaimed territory dating to the 18th and 19th centuries. The history of the naval base is evident on Frederiksholm in the gridded layout of the streets and linden allés anchor it to the neighbouring islands. As a district, Dokholm is defined by an interior coastal band of hard surfaces that soften and transform the straight, arti-
tma
gas
ing
rav
maritime grasses
en Sne
N dke
rgra
ve n
1:4000
“The mature tree veins and inverse edges structure a cohesive design across the district of Dokholm.” ning will soften the grid, leaving veins of trees in an almost naturalistic forest that contrasts with the existing allés and adds a sense of unity across the inverse edge of the islands.
Yesterday:Tommorrow
extend into the future. In a time span that perpetrates memory both past and future Dokholm provides a new unified district in the city. The inverse edge joins the other public spaces of the Copenhagen water front in a string
of diverse and interchanging harbour scenes. Dokholm embellishes a bead in the emerald necklace of public spaces that spreads across the Copenhagen harbour front.
The transformation of Dokholm incorporates the history that precedes it and produces processes that will
Larix
Quercus
Carpinus
Pinus
Prunus
“The grid planting transforms into veins of trees.”
“The inverse edge softens the straight outline into seaside succession.”
“The softening landscape dissipates inland and offers a weaving entryway into the district.”
Group 9: By Calum Thomas Morrison Mitchell, htx197; Hanne Lisbeth Jehg, zpk170; Michal Laszczuk, pfn776; Nanna Høgsberg Kristensen, xgk297
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page 22
Kalvebod Forest Belts
Kalvebod Forest Belts will be Copenhagen’s new central green space with room for both relaxing and playing, on land and on water. It will be the sought after recreational space, that will take the load of Islands Brygge on a hot day. Kalvebod Forest Belts is a new major green space, stretching into the waters of the Copenhagen harbour. Its purpose is to create a green connection to the nearby districts and to create a sheltered space for public outdoor activities.
A new green connection
Kalvebod Brygge is located very central in the Copenhagen harbour. It is close to the main station, the city center and close to the residential areas of Vesterbro and Islands Brygge. Kastellet
This vision is a response to the current situation of Kalvebod Brygge, where tall buildings on the harbour edge has left no space for public life and greenery. There is no public activities, little access to the water and no shelter for the wind.
Inner City Vesterbro
Christianshavns Vold Islands Brygge
Amager Fælled Sydhavnstippen
“Potential of becomming a central part of the city outdoor life’’
Creating a new central green connection. Few existing central green spaces.
All this has made Kalvebod Brygge into an example of what not to do in city planning.
This central location, together with a lack green spaces along the Copenhagen harbour, adds to Kalvebod
Water trench
Boat pier
Sitting stairs
Sloping access
Brygge’s potential of becoming a new green connection and a central part of the outdoor public life of Copenhagen.
In Kalvebod Forest Belts, vegetation is used as a tool to soften and expand the harbour edge further into the waters. The planting scheme is inspired by the linear forest plantings of Michel Desvigne. Kalvebod Forest Belts reaches through the adjacent streets and buildings in a linear system that stretches into the harbour, leading people down to the water. The forest belts extends the original harbour 50 meters out in 5 to 30 meter wide plantings, and consists of forest strips and open grass lawns with smaller plantings of trees, wild grasses or flowering plants. Some places lawns slopes into low depressions creating lounging places that are sheltered from the wind. Oth-
Organic path
New shifted harbour edge
Dragging visitors through the green belts to the expanded harbour edge. er places, grass belts and forest belts slopes down to wooden decks where there is direct access to water, small boat clubs and jetties with smaller boats. This has created a variation of spaces offering endless possibilities for a thriving public life
Sloping plateaus
Football court
+2.0m+2.5m
+2.5m
Minor path
+2.0m
0.0m
0.0m -2.0m
Green belts inviting people in
Kalvebod Forest Belts
Boat house and cafe
Path
Promenade on old harbour edge
-1.0m
5.0m
10.0m
15.0m
15.0m
5.0m
10.0m
10.0m
15.0m
A Forest
Boat pier
Beach
Forest
Flowers
Forest
Wooden deck
Forest
5.0m
5.0m
Wooden deck Forest
10.0m
15.0m
Depressed lawn
Forest
AA
Section A 1:500 - Spaces and activities in and between the belts Group: By Ina Maria Weinreich, zhx232; Mathies Nissen Andersen, chq977; Vivica Anna Gardarsson, rqz317; Zhiqi Liang, hfs150
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page 23
-5
Promenade
Central Station
Betula pubescens
SEB Bank / Bymilen
Vesterbro
Boat house
Prunusserrulata Wooden deck Salix alba Populus x canensis Beach 0m Rooftop garden
-1m
Pinus sylvestris
Railway
-2m Acer campestre
Rigsarkivet IDA
-3m
Depressed lawn
Plan 1:1000 - Over time, the mixed plantings is turned into more monocultural plantings. Tivoli Hotel
-0 -1 -2
Lawyer P. Co.
-3 -4 Beach -5
BB
Construction site IKEA
-6
Year 1. Mix of all species in all belts. 1 tree / 2m2. Swedbank Grass and flower lawns
A
A
B Football court Boat house Forest belt Year 10. Mix of fewer species in most belts.Some
Nykredit
A
Piers
belts with more species. 1 tree / 6 m . 2
Islands Brygge
Existing shallow water
Hotel Wooden deck Sloping edges
Year 25. Most belts with single species. 1 tree / 12m2.
Fisketorvet
Aller Media
Forest belt thinning scheme
Plan 1:3000 - The belts reaches through the adjacent streets and buildings in a linear system that stretches into the harbour
Dynamic Vegetation
One tree is planted for each 2m2 in the belts. The seven species are distributed equally over the belts to create variation. The most wind sensitive species like Betula pubescens are planted inside the belts and not on the edges. The belts will be thinned and developed according to how the species
In order to create a green volume right from establishment, the forest belts have been closely planted with seven different main species. Betula pubescens, Carpinus betulus, Acer campestre, Prunus serrulata, Pinus sylvestris, Salix alba and Populus x canescens. Some subspecies have been added for more variation.
cope with the environment. Within the plantation, smaller spots with monoculture are found for aesthetic reasons. See belt thinning scheme on the left. With time there will be canopy clearings when trees are thinned out. These small spaces will create light openings that can be used for the vis-
iting people. Between the plantations there are stops for narrow paths going through. Kalvebod Forest Belts will be Copenhagen’s new central green space with room for both relaxing and playing, on land and on water. It will be the sought after recreational space, that will take the load of Islands Brygge on a hot day.
Swedbank
Swimming
Football court
Cafe at the old harbour edge
+2.5m
+2.0m -1.0m -3.0m
B Harbour with reef
1.8m
36.0m
3.0m 3.0m
18.0m
8.0m
15.0m
Path
Depressed lawn
Promenade + cafe
Existing buildings
Grass belt
Parking between vegetation
16.0m Kalvebod Brygge Road BB
Section B 1:500 - Greening both sides of the tall buildings at Kalvebod Brygge. Group 2: Ina Maria Weinreich, zhx232; Mathies Nissen Andersen, chq977; Vivica Anna Gardarsson, rqz317; Zhiqi Liang, hfs150
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page 24
Kalvebod Kyst
Kalvebod Kyst offers a new way of experiencing the water in the harbour as some islets are only accessible by watercraft. Kalvebod Kyst is a new perception of how the urban environment of Kalvebod Brygge meets and unites the water in the harbour of Copenhagen. It is a system of new land, coasts and forest merged together with the commercial district of Kalvebod Brygge. The project refers to the deep structure of when the area was a fjord before the industrialization of the harbour. Kalvebod Kyst consists of a coastline that has been attached to the existing harbour edge with surrounding islets placed away from the shadows of the building blocks. The scenic landscape aims to offer a new way of experiencing the harbour with the dynamics of nature and time and to complement the urban environment which is characterized by hard edges and large glass facade buildings. The new terrain is covering the old harbour edge but at chosen locations the edge is peeping out and creates a reference to the former urban structures of the harbour.
The vegetation is drawn in between the buildings on the Havneholmen and the Kalvebod Brygge to introduce the landscape to the surroundings.
a soft transition between the commercial buildings and the water. The lower points consist of lakes with boardwalks surrounded by reeds. The dune landscape is located on the islets and on the coastline of Havneholmen. The landscape consists of sandbanks built up of hilly sand dunes vegetated with a variety of different maritime grasses and spread out volumes of trees and understory with mainly mountain pine.
Landscape types
The coastal landscape is mainly formed by new landfill and planted with dense vegetation. The landscape consists of three different landscape types inspired by coastal landscapes in Denmark; the grazing land, the wetland forest and the dune landscape. A fourth experimental landscape type is introduced in the outer islets which will be shaped by natural processes. The grazing land is located in the southern part of the coastland. It consists of a salt meadow with grazing sheep in a flat terrain from the old harbour edge towards the new coastline. The area is vegetated with spread out oak forest volumes surrounded by tree species with thorns to protect the oak from the sheep. The wetland forest is located along the northern coastline. It consists of a wetland and a forest volume creating
1
2
2 4
1
3
3
4 4
office building
birch
The four landscape types: 1. grazing land, 2. wetland forest, 3. dune landscape and 4. experimental islands.
scots pine oak larch
rowen
birch
aspen mountain pine
willow old quay
(3.0)
tour boat
mulch ex. soil
-2.0 ex. quay wall
poles
stones
reed
2.0
reed
mulch soil from construction sites
2.0
-1.0
sand fill ex. seabed
open forest between the building
café w. kayak rental
Islets w. shallow water
Group 3: Rasmus Ø. Lind, bnt690; Kristian Mousten, zfg150; Halla Áargard av Rana, phm879; Cecilie Marie Bay Holm, wzl653
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Access
The new coastal landscape meets the potential of connecting the water to the city. The infrastructure joins the Islets, the coastland and Havneholmen and is divided into a main and smaller paths. Interacting with the coastal landscape by kayaking, swimming etc. offers new possibilities of experiencing the harbour.
landscape Studio 2017
The afforestation is planted with different mixtures of 1-year trees except towards the urban surroundings where larger trees are planted. Kalvebod Kyst creates a new platform for interacting with the water and brings the Danish coastal landscape into the harbour of the capital.
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page 25
SEB Bank Kalvebod Bølge
poles in the seabed path
Development phases
The coastal landscape is constructed by poles and rocks as a skeleton which keep the landfill in place. While the project is under construction the main path is on a wooden bridge allowing access to the area during the first phase. The coastland will be filled up first and secondly the islets are filled up. The experimental islets will be formed by current, sediments and biological activities.
Tivoli Hotel
Phase 1. Poles outline the foundation of the coastal landscape and the path is placed on top.
wetland forest
reeds O2
lake experimental islands bridge
café
Kalvebod Brygge
ISLETS beach
COASTLAND
dune landscape first landfill
grazing land Islands Brygge
bridge salt meadow
second landfill sediment land
outlook
Phase 2. The coast and islets are filled up in two steps - step 1: The coastland, step 2: The islets .
bridge Cykelslagen dune landscape Fisketorvet
HAVNEHOLMEN
Bryggebroen
new planting
existing planting
experimental islands
planting of 1 year trees planting of large trees natural succession
Phase 3. The vegetation is establish in three different ways. 1 : 5000
Kalvebod Kyst placed in the context of the existing harbour.
The development of the landscape will evolve in three phases. scots pine
lighthouse
mountain pine juniper 5.0 ex. shallow water sign beach -1.0
mulch
4.0
3.0
dune grasses
main path sand fill
soil from construction sites
main islet
poles
wreck
stones ex. seabed
diving field 1 : 400
The Islets with the construction of poles, rocks and soil in relation to the existing quay and shallow seabed. Group 3: Rasmus Ø. Lind, bnt690; Kristian Mousten, zfg150; Halla Áargard av Rana, phm879; Cecilie Marie Bay Holm, wzl653
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Kalvebod Coast Land
Kalvebod Coast Land is located in Copenhagen Harbor, sourrounded by Islands brygge and Kalvebod brygge. The new coast land consist of three new islands, a new plaza and harbour bath, and a canal park. From industrial landscape to urban playground, Copenhagen’s harbour is undergoing a revolution. The harbour’s water has already transformed from polluted to swimmable, yet much of the harbour retains its industrial form designed for ships, not people.
fjord landscape that characterized pre-urban Copenhagen. Salt marsh, forest and heath meadows are created with an urban twist. People are able to wander, explore, play and relax in this landscape of the anthropocene, a product of a re-humanized harbour.
Kalvebod Brygge highlights the pace of this revolution. The waterfront was developed throughout the late 1990’s and retains a sheer harbour edge, with buildings that leave little quality space for public life. Kalvebod Waves, finished in 2013, represents the new harbour designed for recreation. It sets a precedent for our site, which is located just south of the Waves. Kalvebod Coast Land (KCL) proposes a way for this part of Kalvebod Brygge to join the revolution. KCL leverages landscape architecture’s ability to heal a fractured landscape. KCL does this by building upon and reimagining the existing qualities of Kalvebod Brygge and Gasværks Holmen. The design is inspired by the
Kalvebod Coast Land is built along three architectural elements that stretch the entire length of the site: The linear existing harbour edge, a new organic coastline and forest edge, and a new “broken” harbour edge. Along these architectural ele-
New Coastlines
Linear Organic Broken
ments three new islands, an urban plaza and a “Canal Park” calm the tension between buildings and open up the water to the people.
Looking from Kalvebod Brygge across the salt marsh of Oksø.
Land in the Light
The site receives limited afternoon sun. Buildings consume the waterfront as they compete for dominance along this Linear edge. What remains of the waterfront is concrete, windy and missing a human link to the water. The three islands of KCL are built out into the harbour, into the light. It fills the void that exists between the successful Kalvebod Waves and popular
“inspired by the fjord landscape” Fisketorvet with a diverse landscape that revolutionizes the way people use this part of the harbour. Oksø is the biggest island with access from Kalvebod Brygge. From here, there are connections to Kviø and Gasværks Plads. Kvieø is an architectural niche to Oksø as an “addon”, where the pace is slow and the forest deep. Kalvø, the third island, has no direct connections to land, but, a wooden deck accommodates potential visitors.
New Natures
Along the islands, an organic coastline is purpose built heterogeneous to maximise the possibility for different species to find their niche. This complex curve ties the site together and reflects the sites expression of an urban wilderness. Below the water surface, eelgrass and blue mussels grow on the sand and rock substrates. Near sea level reeds thrive. As the terrain rises the reeds are replaced by beach marsh and sand field species.
Topography 1m contour lines
Planting Strategy Water zone Salt Marsh Heath Meadow Deciduous dominated Conifer dominated
Path Structure Open space Main Path Secondary path Minor Path
Group 4: By Dagbjört Garðarsdóttir, bwz386; Kasper Foldager, qtn331; Thea Kirstine Jeppese, lrq224; Watkin McLennan, gxq651
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Higher still, a forest emerges. On KCL multilayered forest is default, selected areas have no understory plants, whilst one siteline is retained tree free with a heath meadow. Beyond the three new islands this convoluted organic element morphs into a plaza, Gasværks Plads, where forest and city meet. Gasværks Plads compliments the Copenhagen Island Hotel and Fisketorvet. Here shoppers and visitors can swim, play games and watch the city pass by.
page 27
Kalvebod Wave
l Ka
ve
bo
d
Br
yg
ge
Kalvø
“multilayered forest is default”
Kvieø +3.0 +5.0
+5.0 +5.0
Finally, the organic element returns to the harbour where it brings life and interest to the overshadowed Gasværks canal. Along the edge of Gasværks canal a small strip of salt marsh emerges from this concrete canyon, to create a canal park. The canal park comprises of beach marsh and sand field species open to human habitation. The canal park is a new landscape typology that challenges the linearity of canals.
0.0
A
Salt Marsh Oksø
Corten Steel Cliff Edge
Heath Meadow Viewpoint +7.0
Forest with understory
yg
.0
Br
-5
.0
-4
-2.0
Isl
an
-7 .0
ds
-6
+2.5
ge
-3.0 -2.0
0.0 -1.0
.0
Urban grove
en a g te l nh H o e p d C o slan I
-7.0
Gasværks Plads
A +2 .5
-5
-6
.0
Gasværks holm Harbour bath
.0
The Wild Urban Experience
As people pass through forest they are met by a new harbour edge that stretches along the eastern coast of Oksø and Kvieø. This corten steel retaining wall expresses a tension between the harbour’s past and future. The edge varies in height. At its peak, 7m, the edge recalls coastal cliffs like Møns Klint. This “broken” edge also meets the water at two points in a bowing gesture to the harbour. This creates harbour access for people, as the water laps over into Oksø.
•
Fisketorvet
Canal Park
vn Ha
The Harbour Revolution
e
l ho
m
en
KCL is apart of Copenhagen’s harbour revolution. KCL heals the fractured landscape of Kalvebod Brygge by creating a cohesive coastland. KCL creates a new nature upon this industrial relic, where people can discover new ways to experience the harbour. Kalvebod Coast Land - 1:4000 Kalvebod
Fjord landscape
Oksø
Brygge
x
9.0 Root Zone 2.5
x
x
x
0.0
Copenhagen Harbour
Island
(166m wide)
Brygge
x
7.0
New Land Fill
x
2.0
2.5
Existing Land Lagoon
Stone Reef
Main Path Heath Meadow
Minor Path
Minor Path
Edge
Secondary
Corten Steel
Wooden Deck
Path
Edge
Edge
Water zone
Salt Marsh
Deciduous dominated forest
Conifer dominated forest
Water zone
-2 - 0m
0 - 2m
2 - 5m
5 - 9m
-2 - 0.5m
The new island, Oksø creates a change in spatial structure and vegetation from Kalvebod Brygge to Islands Brygge - A-A´ 1:200 Group 4: Dagbjört Garðarsdóttir, bwz386; Kasper Foldager, qtn331;Thea Kirstine Jeppesen, lrq224; Watkin McLennan, gxq651
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Teglværksgrunden
The before vast area of water and hard edges of the Teglværks habour is softened by a sofly sloping landscape. Reedbeds, grass- and woodland cover the landscape and is held together with a tile path that tell the story of the tile industry that used to be the function of the harbour. The rough, but still smooth new part of Copenhagen, Teglværkshavnen, needs contrast and a clear indication of the tile industry history. A new landscape that will complement the sites history while adding contrast to the area. Soft materials and soft shadows is a key target to enhance and combine history with the contemporary. The history in the site is not visible today only the name tells a story of an industrial past. The identity and the ownership needs to be strengthened by a clear link to the tile that used to be produced here. A tile path going
“the coherent unifying element to tell the tale of what once was.” through the area will be the coherent unifying element to tell the tale of what once was.
The Tile path
The warm smooth and yet gentle surface of burnt tile in the sunlight firmly leads through the area. Red brown color that contrast to the lush green plantings. In the woodland area in the north the shadows reflected in the tiles have deepness and varies from tile to tile. The grasslands and meadows in the south have a more fragile landscape and shadows flicker creating unfocused images. To merge history with the contemporary, giving away only little at a time, functions are melted into the landscape. The tile is visible - a piece of ´deep structure´ and walking through the grounds, benches, views, a jetty and a service building show up gradually.
Meeting the context
The organic softness of the terrain slopes contrast to the surrounding sharp edges of the harbour but is seemingly coincidentally interrupted by the linear architectural lines in a
woodland species mix
municipality to connect Vestre kirkegaard with Nokken goes through the grounds connecting the bicycle path planned on both sides of the area. The path system from Scandiagade to the east kai of the holm is named after the tile industry and the unifying element of the entire system could potentially be the tile, if implemented by the municipality.
The shipwreck Teglværksgrunden is attached to the green wedge planed by the municipality to go from west to east. The density of the vegetation varies through the area from north to south. smaller scale; benches cut into the topography and jetty disappearing into the water. The new landscape has a strong direction in its body mass as if strewn out towards the sea and landing a ship on shore on its way out. The green wedge planned by Copenhagen grassland species mix
tile path
existing edge
Vandkunsten´s four buildings floating above water level comes a shore or at least the two of them. The inner water ´courtyards´ becomes a mirror of the landscape in the park. Evolving from forest, to grassland, to saltmarsh and the last one stays as it is today with full visual contact to the water. A journey under the buildings through trees and high reeds, a bodily experience where the before unfocused sight is temporarily turned off. The back of the shipwreck grows into a small grove with trees reaching for the sky as they are squeezed in sea shore species mix
new terrain
bench
bench
Group 1: Kasper Fjordgaard Skjærlund, qwv985; Ke Xu, zpq785; Ana Rita Elvas Pangias, cvd804; Tina Johanna Høi Rosenbjerg, ntv473
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landscape Studio 2017
between the ´wreck´and the steep harbour edge. Sand dunes have filled the narrow space and blocks of the water from the inside of the canal.
Vegetation
The varied openness in the landscape gives the vegetation a structural complexity that will ensure a higher degree of experience. From an enclosed feeling to the semi open and open. Entering the area an enclosed grove relax the eye with its flickering branches and the meandering lines of the path leads you quietly through to the open area. The tall grasses and dif-
ferent species, forms and structures of trees break the openness momentarily when approaching the sea. The trees are of three ages and three typologies and 14 different tree species. In the mulch layer variations occur as crevices with sand, tiles or mussels
“a dog eagerly looking for a bone unveils the deep structures under ground.” break through from below. Some will in time be overgrown with grasses or Teglh
page 29
self sown birch trees and other will not become visible until a full grown tree is knocked down in a storm or a dog eagerly looking for a bone unveils the deep structures under ground. The woodland plantings shift from being linear by the main entrance to be scattered groups of varying species mix. The sublayer consists of herbs with different textures and colors revealing layers of sand, tile, mussels and chalk in between - the link to history and the closeness to the sea. As the topography leans towards the sea the vegetation slowly converts into grassland and reedbeds.
gade
Væ n
ge
The red brown tile paths meander through the area weaved into the landscape and in between the vegetation.
olms
•
Bicycle path
ey e
rs
Woodland Bench in a clearing
A .C
.M
Green wedge
Green wedge
Gjensidige forsikring A Grassland wooden bridge
Bench with a view Reedbed shore Pe
Island
te r
Woodland “Canal”
Ho
lm
sv
ej
B
aj
University of Aalborg
Stø
be
r ik
Teglholmen company house
TV2
“Sømærk” by Vandkunsten Teglværkshavnen
Lånlet ApS wooden bridge University of Aalborg
The planting scheme for the trees is that it differs in density, being dense in the north and open in the south. In all three areas the trees are planted in three ages.
Teglværksløbet Telenor
Sluseholmen
1:2500
“Teglværksgrunden” with the new big strong body of land is making the “Sømærk” buildings go to shore - causing a “shipwreck”. The new landscape has an insisting temper claiming its existence.
sea shore species mix
reedbeds island
1:500
The vegetation becomes more open as the terrain stretches towards the sea.
The build in benches in the slopes. Principle.
The cafe hidden in the terrain. Principle.
Group 1: Kasper Fjordgaard Skjærlund, qwv985; Ke Xu, zpq785; Ana Rita Elvas Pangias, cvd804; Tina Johanna Høi Rosenbjerg, ntv473
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Teglværksfjorden
From the Promenade, looking at the salt meadow, forest island and Sluseholmen in the background.
In the past ten years, Copenhagen harbour has developed into a recreational place for the citizens, with many different activities and areas to stay in. Despite the new use of the harbour, the edges and views has stayed the same along most of the harbor.
Pillar intervention Promenade
Forest Island
0
Stones
+
=
The concept - The three elemenst that represent the site. The Promenade works as a spine for the added coastal landscape with forest islands.
Salt meadow
3.0 ▼ A1
Experience path
1.5 ▼
Detour path Wooden bridge
Wooden Deck
-3,0
Teglværkshavnen
-1,0 Experience Path Detour Path
Plan of detailed area 1:1000 - The new coastal landscape with the Promenade as spine to the city. The secondary path system runs through the salt meadow, leading to experiences as a pillar intervention and a wooden deck. hood, and no habitats which invite diversity in flora and fauna.
Based on the historic character of the site and the potentials and problems in this new neighborhood, the industrial edge will develop by adding a landscape referring to the salt meadow of old Kongens Enghave. The new coastal landscape with land, shore and forest will give the visitors better access to the water, and the landscape will provide a habitat for a rich variety of flora and fauna. The Spine
Promenade
1,0
-2,0
Salt Meadow
Concept
+
0
Industrial edge
2,
Before 1900, when the city started to rapidly expand, the area was embossed by tile factory (Frederiksholms Teglværk), whose water basins still exist in the deep structure of Teglværkshavnen. The area with Frederiksholms tile factory was called Kongens Enghave (The Kings Meadow) because the surrounding land was covered by meadow vegetation. The structure of the old maritime industrial edge runs through most of the neighbourhood now, and creates water surfaces in channels and basins, which is not accessible for the locals using the area. Furthermore, there are no large green spaces in the neighbour-
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The new coastal landscape of Teglværkshavnen combines the old Kongens Enghave with the deep structure of the existing industrial maritime edge. By strengthening and emphasizing the historic landscape, the coastal landscape aims to be a new strong recreational area for the residents and visitors of the site.
Forest island 3.25 ▼
1.0 ▼
Wooden deck
The old industrial edge is kept to protect the site from storm floods and rising sea levels, and also works as frame for a promenade. The Promenade combines bicycle and pedestrian traffic. In a few places, a forest island cuts into the Promenade, creating a different spatial feeling and form along the straight line.
Junctions to the city
When entering the area from north at Teglholmsgade, a plaza with scattered trees, and the beginning of the Promenade framed by an alley, invites people into the area.
Teglværkshavnen
0.25 ▼ A2
Top soil New terrain Ex. seabed
Section through the existing edge and the proposed added land - and seascape, 1:500 Group 6: Kirstine Loretnsen, szw313; Jesper Rasmussen, gbh605; Marie Svendsen, klq541;Morten Svensson, jbp738
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A detour path leads through a forest with the density of the trees fading from the city edge to the beach. A long bridge goes out in the water encouraging bathing and swimming by the beach and bridge. The entrance in south refere to the one in north, to start and end with a more urban green structure, and clearly indicate the change and entrance from city to coastal landscape. The Promenade and a wooden deck embrace the edge of the quay in Fordgraven, and connect a new harbour for small boats
Plaza
Promenade
Beach Wooden bridge
3.0 Forest of reeds
Experience path
A1
Detour path
Water-cleaning-system University Park
Aalborg University A2 3.0
Boulders Stepping stones
University Park
The area at Aalborg University has three different functions and fulfills different needs. The water-cleaningsystem underneath relate to a learning
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Pillar intervention -6,0
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Aalborg University
Teglværkshavnen 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
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Salt meadow Forest Island
Light art
“A wide range of activities attracts a diversity of user groups.” From north and south, a wooden plaza and a bridge starts the route through the coastal landscape. Reed island, forest and glades gives a different spatial feeling to walk in. Wooden platforms make rooms for breaks, bathing or landing with a kayak. Stone landscape, pillars and a playground creates playful interventions. A wide range of activities attracts a diversity of user groups.
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Entrance
Coastal landscape
The new coastal landscape between the industrial edge and the water imitate a natural shoreline from a fjord, with vegetation from a typical salt meadow. Visitors will be led around by attraction points and a secondary path system containing an experience path and a detour path. The salt meadow can be flooded, and is not accessible in that state. Along and on the salt meadow, a patch of forest islands are placed to give volume to the otherwise flat meadow landscape and to emphasize the terrain. Furthermore, the forest islands reinforce the structure of the new coastline, and create another habitat for flora and fauna compared to the salt meadow, which results in more ecological diversity. The trees are native species that tolerate salt, wind and moisty soil. Different experiences along the paths create a diverse and exiting landscape for people to visit and be in.
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Ex. industrial edge
feature, with the environment and climate change as focus. The cleaningsystem will be camouflaged as a park for the students at the university, who do not have access to a proper green area around the school. The third function of the University Park is a seedbank, supporting the young and artificial meadow and islands with fresh seeds. The coastal landscape of Teglværkshavnen refers to the historic landscape, and contributes with a green space for the entire area, providing varied experiences, helping to mitigate the challenges posed by climate change and helping to foster biodiversity.
Playground
Stones
3.0 New Metro station
New Harbour
Entrance
The new coastal landscape of Teglværkshavnen 1:3000
Group 6: Kirstine Loretnsen, szw313; Jesper Rasmussen, gbh605; Marie Svendsen, klq541;Morten Svensson, jbp738
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landscape Studio 2017
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People’s Island Design Principles
Land, shore and forest are used to create a new deep structure in Teglværkshavnen. Land forms a structure that incorporates the harbour as a recreational space while the shore provides a variation of ways to experience and access the water. The forest then creates different transitions, atmospheres and connections to land. The island is designed to embody a large organic form smashing into the urban edge. The new harbour quay is shaped to reflect this, as a way to symbolize urban nature encroaching on the urban development. On the other side, chinampa dock edges will mirror this effect, creating formally urban edges which break the soft topography of the island (See Concept Diagram).
Diving cliff
Chinampa Dock ø’
Nature playground
Kayak Canal
Saltwater streams
Quiet spacel
Open woodland Plaza Island entrance Forest bath ø
Beach Skatepark Harbour boardwalk
Concept diagram. Disruption of the urban edge. Chinampa Dock
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Plan of Teglværksøen. 1:2000. People’s Island.
By working with land, shore and forest in the South Harbour, a structure has been developed that creates a strong contrast to urban shapes and helps balance the scale between new housing areas and the waterfront. Placing an island in the harbour expands the concept of what and where public space can be. Creating an attractive common place for people to meet and interact will emphasize local identity and community spirit. Copenhagen’s South Harbour is a rapidly developing area of the city. The old industrial areas are converting to new residential neighbourhoods but the waterscapes of the old industries
Existing Site Conditions
The island is placed in Teglværkshavnen, at the edge of Frederikskaj. are left without function. The size, shape and edge of these areas detach them from residential scale and use.
Semi-public courtyards and a planned green corridor in Sluseholmen and Teglholmen provide recreational space for the area, though the character in the area is completely urban without many traces of history or local identity. Attempts to integrate green space are lacking, as soil and wind conditions have left street trees small and frail. With Amager Fælled lying across the harbour, a sharp contrast can be seen between urban nature and urban development. How can these separate entities work together for a cohesive identity and more opportunities to interact with water, nature, and community?
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Island Development Phases. 1. poles to give form 2. islands will slowly appear. 3. final construction stage.
Building Ø
By bringing nature in the harbour, we also bring nature to the people. The island is constructed in several phases, making it robust to future situations (See Island Development Phases).
GR 8: By Natradee Quek, lbx282; Alexis Lucio, ptj801; Skarpheoinn Njalsson, pfl591; Julie Svenningsen, vkz492
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landscape Studio 2017
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The first phase is to construct the base of the island by placing poles down in the harbour ground revealing the size and contour of the island. With time, the island will start to form a shape from the inside out. Plant species are introduced to the growing landmass, beginning a process of natural succession. In time the island will slowly develop into a fixed structure. The creation of a natural habitat is the first step, but a common place for the community to meet and interact is also a main focus.
Planting an urban forest
The goal is to establish an Urban Forest with High Recreational Value (See Planting Strategy). A mixture of conifers and deciduous trees secure variation throughout the year. The dominating species are Oak, Pine, Larch and Birch, they have light canopies and will establish a full canopy cover, but still provide light conditions to a diverse community of plants and animals underneath. The balance between the different species varies,
“Disrupt the edge, expand urban space” making it possible to create different atmospheres as you are walking through the island.
Establishment and Management
As the island develops the forest develops with it in a combination of new plantings and natural succession. In the establishment phase we introduce clusters of different species. They function as our seed banks, spreading out into the area. Different ways of managing vegetation creates diversity in ways of experiencing the island.
Spaces for all
A variety of experiences on the new island are designed for everyone to be able to enjoy. Thinking of the island as the canal neighbourhoods’ backyard, recreational space for the community will bring people together in one central location bound by nature.
The island meets the old idustrial edge. The forest is spreading to the shore. many activities and variation in how nature and forest are experienced. Natural Playground - With a school and daycare nearby and many families moving into the South Harbour, recreational activities for children will become more important.
provide opportunities for community members to create their own public space. With two docking stations on either end of the island, it’s an open invitation for anyone to ‘park their park’!
Quiet Area: Finding refuge in nature is a pastime of many. How can you see the forest for the trees if you don’t stop and look around? Experience the sounds and scents of nature while hammocks provide places to rest and chess tables allow for friendly competition in an environment ideal for concentration.
Diving Cliffs - A more active edge of the island, the rocky shore provides interesting artificial geology and elevated thrills.
Plaza: A gathering place that can accommodate many people surrounded by forest with an ocean view. Nature Bath: Enclosed in the heart of the island, the central pool provides a bathing experience in the forest. Being completely artificial allows for fullyear use as a hot pool in the winter.
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Sandy Slopes: beaches facing south for optimal sun invite swimmers and sunbathers to the island’s soft shores.
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Kayak Canal: A main canal through the island for visitors and locals alike to explore the area from water.
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People’s Ø
An ever-evolving collaboration between people and nature, the new island will change with time. People and plants will come and go, leaving their mark and making the island their own.
Chinampas: Inspired by the floating gardens of the Nahuatl peoples in Mexico, floating private gardens
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Plant Strategy. 1. Plantings in smaller clusters in early stages. 2. Last stage,. types of forest: A. Birch 60%, Scots pine and spruce 30% oak 10% B. Oak 50% Scots pine 30% larch 10% and Birch 10 %. C. Oak 50% hornbeam and cherry 20 % norway maple, Scots pine 30%. D. Open woodland, Oak.
Section Ø-Ø’ 1:500
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Harbour edge
Bridge
The oldest trees are found at the center of the islands
Kayak route
Chinampa doc
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GR 8: By Natradee Quek, lbx282; Alexis Lucio, ptj801; Skarpheoinn Njalsson, pfl591; Julie Svenningsen, vkz492
landscapestudio17.tumblr.com
1)Tina, Kasper F.S., Ke Xu, Ana Rita
5) Fred, Ludvig Kirstine H., Hanna
4) Kasper F., Thea Watkin, Dagbjört
6) Kirstine L., Jesper Marie, Morten
Zhiqi, Vivica
Astrid
Curtains
7) Sara, Diego
2) Ina, Mathies
Pre-course Ø- models
Anna and Peter
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landscapestudio17.tumblr.com
Cecilie, Rasmus
3) Halla, Kristian,
Vertical projektion Rotating plans
8) Natradee, Skarphéðinn
Alexis, Julie
The drawing Archieve
The bar 1:1500
enter / exit
9) Calum, Hanne Lisbeth Nanna, Michal
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exit
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