d e pa r t m e n t o f g e o s c i e n c e s a n d n at u r a l r e s o u r c e m a n a g e m e n t university of copenhagen
The Royal Artillery Grounds BACK TO THE FUTURE
Landscape studio 2018
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Colophon S t u dents Dimitrios Adamidis
Alexa Haraga
Pernille Vad Nørmark
Sofia Rangelova Stoyanova
Marianne Egeborg Albøge
Erin Joy Elizabeth Hauer
Jeremy Thomas Notley
Tien-Yi Su
Camille Louise Bertrand
Magnus Hehlke
Alice Nuel
Marcia Trento
Asta Bonnemann
Lin Horn-Petersen
Amalie Ellehøj Okkels
Alexander Keller Uldal
Alexander Breland
Daniel Jakobsen
Natasja Caroline Parsons
Simone van de Wiel
Nele Broeckx
Elliott Edward Joyce
Katharina Richter
Josse Vermeulen
Niels Frederik Bronée
Emma Vibe Twisttmann Jørgensen
Nicolo Schlamp
Cemile Özgenc Weglewna
Ming Yam Chan
Franziska Susanne Kolmer
Robert Schuck
Maja Dissing Wiehe
Nicholas Dyakowski
Maria Sophia Lehim
Johannes Malte Scwaab
Shuangewen Yang
Mikkel Eye
Emma Annamia Lindblom
Luke Mark Shaw
Yixuan Zhang
René Alexander Fischetti
Yu Liu
Anna Margrét Sigurðardóttir
Ines Zunic
Anders Fønss
Xuewen Lu
Helene Bruun Sørensen
Sofie Amalie Grove
Sofie Svitzer Lyngbye
Sasha Spasic
Anne-Mette Løve Hansen
Kristine Holbak Nielsen
Marcus Edward Charles Spaull
P e rmanent tea m Peter Lundsgaard Hansen, plh@ign.ku.dk- Course responsible Torban E. Dam, toda@ign.ku.dk Jens Nyboe Andersen, jensnyboeandersen@gmail.com Anna Sofia Falkentoft, rjn130@alumni.ku.dk Denise Piccinini, d.piccinini@tudelft.nl, visiting from TU Delft / Faculty of Architecture and The Built Environment, Department of Urbanism.
Edit or ial t eam Anna Sofia Falkentoft, rjn130@alumni.ku.dk Peter Lundsgaard Hansen, plh@ign.ku.dk
S p ecial t ha nks to :
Cur at ion/ r unning off ic e
Erik Brandt Dam, Ole Hjorth Caspersen, Jens Linnet, Rikke Munck Petersen & Tobias Røder. Georg Boyes Fond for the contribution to Landscape Studio 2018. We are greatful for the stimulating walks, talks, lectures and discussions with the our fellow colleauges from The University of Copenhagen and offices.
Peter Lundsgaard Hansen and Anna Sofia Falkentoft
landscapestudio17.tumblr.com
Foreword The Royal Artillery Grounds takes Landscape Studio 2018 Back to The Future on a mission to plan and combine (transform with) three iconic landscape typologies: a Garden and its grounds, a system of paths and a monument. This publication documents 12+1 projects elaborated by 54 international students in our specialized studio office in Copenhagen and during our fieldwork in Paris and Bordeaux, France.
The future Royal Artillery Grounds will be located in the northern part of Amager Nature Park. The site is chosen for its proximity (less than 3 km) to the very centre of capital Copenhagen. Although a wide range of plans and political decisions between the state and 3 municipalities has secured most of Amager Nature Park from further urbanization the northern part of the park is not well protected. The concept of a drawing on
the idea of a royal garden has two aims. The first is to acknowledge and re-introduce the endless references (also in detail elements) of historical landscapes and their value as public space in any metropolitan area. Secondly, because we want to draw on the advantages of the power of what lies in the word – Royal – as a robust strategic instrument for the sort of change that can secure an open landscape at this unique place in the future.
Landscape Studio is part of the Graduate Program in Landscape Architecture at the University of Copenhagen. The Studio office work and the design process can be found on landscapestudio17.tumblr.com Peter Lundsgaard Hansen, Course responsible
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Table of Contents I n t r oduct io n Colophon
page 02
Foreword
page 03
Curatorial
page 06
The Royal Artillery Grounds
page 08
Artillery Island Group 1
page 14
The Promenade Park Group 2
page 16
Artillery Gardens Group 3
page 18
The Artillery Park Group 4
page 20
Artillerihaverne Group 5
page 22
Artilleri Øen Group 6
page 24
Amager Have Group 7
page 26
Royal Lines Group 8
page 28
Artilleriparken Group 9
page 30
Amager Gardens & Queen’s Forest Group 10
page 32
A.F. Park Group 11
page 34
NATURE EXHIBITED Group 12
page 36
Lines of Legacy Group 14
page 38
P r ojects
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‘Bergman’ office VCD
The Royal Artillery Grounds 2
10 library
supplies
bench
curtain 1 library
11
1:1500 library enter / exit
kitchen / lockers
12+1
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12
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Curatorial We want to be where language is made. Everything we make, built, write, unmake and rebuild in the office evolves around this endeavour. Poets must write - we must draw. This is Landscape Studio.
Landscape Studio Ideas
Ideas are the parent of change and the fuel that drives creative work
in Landscape Studio. However, ideas are never enough. In the studio you are to embark in what matters is how ideas are achieved, how they are transformed from language into concepts, strategies and to physical form. Defining such a specialized process warrants a unique direction in which architectural ideas are developed beyond imagination and metaphor. So, in developing our designs,
we continuously encourage that the idea must expand and sediment itself in the drawing to achieve direction. Ideas are shared fast. In the studio, we experience the force of contingency and the improbable combinations of events when ideas are exchanged between fellow designers. The result can be messy when ideas are lost in translation or they fall into the category of good intentions.
The design process suffers if the exchange has no direction and no medium that supports observation and inquiry. Therefore, we try to slow down the exchange of ideas at certain intervals in order to achieve the desired expansion. Analogue drawing techniques and models play central roles in this process and they are both slow and fast at the same time.
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Landscape Studio is a Method.
Landscape Studio Drawing
Design Conversation is a Landscape Studio method ,preformed under a powerful vertical projector in a curated room we call thick space. However, it is still drawing and we still use pencil and paper when we work. The drawing is the medium through which we are connected to the idea. It can be a fragile situation. We make hand drawings to perform, repeat and rehearse in order to construct the physical grammar needed to transform
vocalized language into drawings that can perform the idea. It is often iconic landscape typologies that we find in our language. Through these repeated activities and actions the idea can expand beyond the metaphor. We draw structures of the landscape typologies: the entrance (what kind? primary or secondary? context? how many?), a path (where to? how wide? the material? soft or hard?) and a forest (scale? what kind? how do you establish it? do we have a reference? draw the dots!). We continue to a thicket, a clearing,
a row of trees, buildings and etc. We draw every word we can and then we write a new word. Although the conversation works as a forward movement, the mediation between computer and hand drawings - the hybrid nature of pencil and projected image – allow us to turn back, rewind, zoom in and examine. We continue with the making and unmaking of the image. We look at it again. We draw and withdraw. Welcome to Landscape Studio.
The Campfire Design Studio : Design conversations in landscape architecture education. / Hansen, Peter Lundsgaard; Dam, Torben; Le Goffic, Virginie Corinne; Braae, Ellen Marie. In: Edinburgh Architecture Research, Vol. 34, 2016, p. 6380. Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article Simple Models Create Steep Learning Curves in Academic Design Studio. / Hansen, Peter Lundsgaard; Dam, Torben; Le Goffic, Virginie Corinne; Braae, Ellen Marie. In: Fusion Journal, Vol. 003, 2014. Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article
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The Royal Artillery Grounds al motivation for working in this exact landscape should be seen and understood.
Back to the Future – a strategic way of thinking
Copenhagen & ‘Fælleden’, 1917.
Cannon at the Artillery, 1917. Copenhagen; The Royal Artillery Grounds; Amager Fælled 2017, 1:100.000 Landscape Studio 18 is going Back to The Future on a mission to plan and combine (transform with) three iconic landscape typologies: a Garden, a system of paths and a monument. With this classic combination the project aims to unfold future urban potentials along the edges of the proposed site and to combine it with a concept of capital nature and its wildlife, its human and spatial resources in what we will call The Royal Artillery Grounds.
The site
The future Royal Artillery Grounds will be located in the northern part of Amager Nature Park (former commons, wet meadows and shallow water along the eastern coast of Amager). The site is chosen for its proximity (less than 3 km) to the very centre of capital Copenhagen. It is a unique situation in any European metropolitan context. This
place, more than any other place in the metropolitan landscape, holds exceptional historical layers, an array of natural resources and wildlife but also significant environmental -and accessibility issues.
“a future royal garden in Copenhagen is almost bizarre [...] we want to draw on the advantages of the power of what lies in the word – Royal – as a strategic instrument for future change.” Although a wide range of plans and political decisions between
the state and 3 municipalities has secured most of Amager Nature Park from further urbanization the northern part of the park is not well protected. This economically attractive land has been challenged more than once with urban development and like few other places this landscape is a ‘hot pot’ of conflicts of interest. It is in this light that our profession-
The notion of establishing a future royal garden in Copenhagen is almost bizarre. Royal gardens are associated with something that happened ‘way back in the day’. However, the concept of a drawing on the idea of a royal garden has two aims. The first is to acknowledge and re-introduce the endless references (also in detail elements)of historical landscapes and their value as public space in
“Capital Nature also defines nature as an unreliable witness.” any metropolitan area. Secondly we go back because we want to draw on the advantages of the power of what lies in the word – Royal – as a strategic instrument for future change.
Capital Nature
Nature is mostly connected to notions of good and in balance. However, nature must be more.
Copenhagen and the ridges of the Royal Artillery Grounds, 1957.
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The coastline of The Artillery Grounds in 1917 and the capital Copenhagen across the Inner Harbour. With Landscape Studio we wish to introduce and examine a future extension to this human idea. Therefore Capital Nature defines nature as an unreliable witness. Something we also fear or mistrust as it also mirrors our failed attempt to overcome and outsmart nature when we can. In the studio we will challenge the concept of any nature for the purpose of describing, understanding and expanding ideas of what nature is in the future and thus beyond its prevailing metaphors.
The assignment
The assignment is to plan, design and communicate a detailed vision for a future royal garden (The Artillery) in a new landscape context (The Grounds). The assignment poses a ‘rough’ location in the northern part of the Amager Nature Park (see ill’s.). With the concept of an emerging ‘Capital Nature’ the assignment must also contribute an on-going examination of nature in the city. The combination of largescale contextual dedications and
small-scale interventions relates directly to the professional span
“each proposal must elaborate on the relation to its urban context and site-specific cultural heritage. ” between the two disciplines – Planning and Design.
Thus, each proposal must elaborate on the relation to its urban context and site-specific cultural heritage. Furthermore the proposal must consider principles for sustainability on a local level depending on the proposed idea. The design program aims to secure small- scale functions and local identity. Interventions along and in proximity to existing (or future) bicycle routes, and pedestrian path can be designed in detail and used for such proposes.
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The landscape archetypes should be elaborated and specified for each proposal. The following program specifications can be seen as inspiration to expand your ideas: A limited number of buildings and monumental structures can, depending on the proposed ideas, be identified and used; entrances to the garden; opening hours; cafe pavilions; a working botanical/house; a parterre; horticultural and pastoral typologies (incl. movement and designated places); structures that imitate or otherwise communicates cultural heritage (such as the shooting range or the old coastline), water cleaning facilities, recycling, sport, wildlife and flora.
“Landscape Studio 18 takes a swing at the classics and with a strategic approach of Back to The Future the outcome will be urban landscapes of the future.” Exit
Amager Fælled, The Royal Artillery Grounds, March 2018.
Landscape archetypes and program specifications
The conceptual archetype of the Garden (hortus), the Path (access) and the Monument (the built) defines both the aim and the tools for the assignment. Their inherent potentials as agents for transformation (and thus as means to study the site)
are to be elaborated in this studio and developed (making and unmaking) in the drawings. These landscape archetypes can be understood and worked with separately and/or as tightly interconnected wholes. Abstractions and stylized forms of these landscapes are expected and welcome. The Garden is a dedicated place with a defined edge. Like
a membrane it has an inside that protects it from the outside with its enclosed edges. Entrances make access to the garden a possible. The garden is a destination. The Path is access. Access it everything. The Monument is defines memory, orientation and navigation. Monuments can be buildings.
The proposals for The Royal Artillery Grounds must reflect and contributes to an on-going discussion regarding nature, its structural, economical and cultural significance in our cities today. A special focus should be given to the edge of the urban fabric along Artellerivej and to Ørestaden and to Amager Nature Park. Landscape Studio 18 takes a swing at the classics and with a strategic approach of Back to The Future the outcome will be urban landscapes of the future. Good luck and may the force be with you – space troopers! Opposite side: The Royal Artillery Grounds and its surrounding context in Capital Copenhagen and Nature Park Amager, 1:15.000
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“Back to the future.”
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Artillery Island
Visualisation - Moat Artillery Island is situated in the northern part of Amager Fælled. It embodies the history of the area as the royal artillery grounds, by fortifying the old artillery and shooting ranges, with a moat. The moat forms the border of the park and consists of a great waterbody, extending the existing canal and encloses the Island of Amager Fælled, separating the old and the new, city and third nature. At the straight outer edge, a concrete border embraces the proximity of the city by raising
Waterfront
Moat
itself 1,3 meters above the water surface. Its shape creates a clear cut through the landscape. Opposite, the inner edge has an organic, sloping edge to contrast the urban appearance. Each of the edges will provide the visitor with changing and different experiences.
the island, a wetland is enhanced to variate the nature experience on the island.
Nature
Entrances
Artillery Island keeps some of its original traits. Many of the existing trees are sought to be preserved along with a supplement of new trees. In the south-eastern corner of
Island
“variate the nature experience on the island.” Two of the existing entrances towards Artillerivej is being enhanced to create well defined entrances to Amager Fælled and Artillery Island. In addition to this, a third main entrance is es-
Moat
tablished in the north-western part of Artillerivej. There are 5 bridges from the surrounding grounds to Artillery Island, with the main bridge placed in extension of the main entrance to the west.
Paths
The path system outside Artillery Island mimics the existing long stretching path structures. The paths on Artillery Island seeks to lead the visitors around the island and through the main features following a main path supported by smaller meandering paths.
Section 1:400
Group 1: By Anna Margrét Sigurdaróttir, Anne-Mette Løve Hansen, Frederik Bronée & Xuewen Lu
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The Healing Garden
In the southwestern corner of the island The Healing Garden with its strict structures emerges from the surrounding wilderness. The garden is divided into 6 themes based on the human senses and is a place for inner recreation. Here PTSD patients and citizens in need of a quiet moment can relax and enjoy the various garden vegetation.
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Views
Entering from west, a straight view to the hill leads the visitors in. The hill offers variation to the landscape, which makes it easier to navigate not just Artillery Island but all Amager Fælled. From the hill and its view towers a glance of the grounds and the cityscape can be enjoyed.
Visualisation - Wetland
Protected Forest
Entrances
Waterfall Bike lane
Tok Boat Moat
HIll
Path system Existing Vegetation Healing Garden
Wetland
View
Mater plan 1:5000 Group 1: By Anna Margrét Sigurdaróttir, Anne-Mette Løve Hansen, Frederik Bronée & Xuewen Lu
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The Promenade Park
Visitors moving along The White Line. The path marks the edge between The Park and The Forest, respectively with lines of trees and open understorey for free movement on the left side and wild impenetrable forest on the right side. The Promenade Park is a vision of a protected Amager Fælled. The project is a transition between built and unbuilt, where people are invited to explore and experience the cultivated as well as the wild landscapes.It facilitates the past times, relates to the present challenges and discovers the future capital nature. Across Amager Fælled, from south-west to north-east, runs a significant pathway, which zigzags through the landscape and divides it into two typologies.
Concept
In the nothern part towards the harbour of Copenhagen lies The Park with trees in zlines and even surfaces. Towards Amager Fælled in the south lies The Forest, with dense plantings, rough terrain, and meandering pathways. The two sides are merged together across the pathway by preserving significant trees in the north and introducing geometrical gardens in the south.
Concept. Main path dividing nature typologies, and gardens.
Strategy
From Artillerivej and Ørestads Boulevard the main entrances are
located. They create a pe-netrable membrane for the visi-tors to recognize, enter and exit. To create coherence and recognisability the same pattern is unrolled through every entrance. The planting has been pulled back from the streets leaving a square which holds on to the sidewalk and invite people to enter. A line of trees continue from the park onto the square to combine them and show direction. The main pathway draws a line that will be a natural extension of a future bridge connecting Teglholmen in Sydhavn to Amager Fælled. The concrete path
is slightly elevated with a sitting edge, and shared space for pedestrians and cyclists in between. In some places the paved area is extended at ground level serving space for rest and activities. Among these are e.g. a café and an open-air dancing scene.
Vegetation
Inspired by the old shooting range and its straight lines of sight, The Park is recognized by a punctual grid of standard trees planted with 5 meters distance in between. Each row represents a domestic species found on Amager Fælled. If a tree happens to die it will be
Målepind Påskrifter
The Park
Square
Main path
The Forest
Section 1:1000. The Park, a square, the elevated main path and the multi-layered wilderness The Forest. Group 2: By Asta Bonnemann, Camille Louise Bertrand, Marianne Egeborg Albøge & Mikkel Eye
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Year 0
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Harbour ej
Ørestad Nord
The Park
Ø
The Common Garden
re
The Sun Garden
Year 10
r iv
st ad s
The Water Garden
Bo ul
Year 25
A
le r til
a ev rd
The White Line
Amager Fælled
Masterplan 1:10.000 removed and not replaced. Within time the trees will grow and the grid will loosen. New trees will be planted to retain the structure. The rigid system is softened by the preservation of some extraordinary existing trees. They are kept to create volume and texture. Also, they narrate the previous layout and reminds us of the past times. Within the grid is several small barbecue spots and a number of movable chairs. Along the edge of The Park towards Artillerivej is a belt of
Year 50
The Forest
m
shrubs and bushes established as a border towards the private gardens. Next to it, a belt of long grass spread under the grid of trees. In other places cut grass or gravel constitute the even surface. Furthermore, bigger areas of cut grass next to the squares make it possible to sit on the grass and have a picnic. Any other place of The Park is left for long grass, being cut two times a year to support growth and diversity. The Forest appears as a dense multi-layered wilderness, devel-
100
500
oped by condensing the basis of the previous planting. The meandering paths invite people to enter, lead them through the dark and enable access to the hidden gardens and tiny glades.
The Gardens
Like a monument within the dense planting in The Forest lies three gardens with exact geometrical shapes of cut boxwood hedge. The size and the content differs. The Sun Garden consists of a lawn framing a group of old
Målepind Påskrifter
The Forest
The Water Garden
The Forest
Section 1:1000. The Water Garden contains a basin. A deck along the edge enables people to get close to the water. Cut into the hedge is an opening like a portal between the wild and the cultivated.
Planting strategy in The Park. existing trees. Along the hedge runs a path and a long bended bench turning towards the sun. In The Sun Garden and along the main path, mowing will be done continuously from spring till autumn to keep the grass down. The Common Garden holds a large flower bed of perennials, shrubs, and flower bulbs found on Amager Fælled, along with some refined cultivated species. The Water Garden frames a mirror basin reflecting the light from above. The concrete edge framing the water makes it possible to sit there. The gardens mediate different experiences of space and functions as destinations.On the edge of The Forest runs a path from where visitors can experience the transition and the difference to the scattered trees on Amager Fælled. Here grazing sheeps are introduced to prevent overgrowth.
Group 2: By Asta Bonnemann, Camille Louise Bertrand, Marianne Egeborg Albøge & Mikkel Eye
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Artillery Gardens Entrance
Entrance Mound going through the forest
Hangar
Entrance
A
Boardwalk
Mounds with gardens
a
High grass
Canal Main path
Lawn area High grass
Orchard Secondary path Orchards Lawn area High grass Viewing platform
Lawn area
The Artillery Gardens have two major inspirations. The previously existing artillery training grounds and the royal forests, which were areas reserved for the monarch and his family for hunting. The former influenced our interventions and composition, while the latter is interpreted in a more democratic and contemporary way, by creating possibilities for foraging. The mounds in the north combined with the viewing platforms and the tribune in the south refer to the former structures of the artillery grounds, and they also create a strong frame for the central area, where the orchards are placed. This edge is emphasised by the enlarged canal in the south and east which also is a way to manage the waterlogging in the area. The vegetation also supports the distinction between the focus area, characterised by more open, low profile vegetation, and the edge zones covered by forests and thickets. The non-orthogonal placement of the orchards and the lack of a strict edge on the western side make the composition less rigid and more dynamic.
The Paths - Access
B
The long, narrow mound is the main entrance to the park. It crosses the northern forest patch, where it is gently sloping up until three meters height. This way it is accessible for everyone, and people can see the forest from different levels. The entrances to the park are formed by little squares, framed by hedges. They invite
Tribune Clearing
b
Masterplan of the Artillery Gardens 1:6000
History
Elements
Paths
Terrain
Group 3: By Lin Horn-Petersen, Franziska S. Kolmer, Pernille V. Nørmark & Róbert Schuck
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Sloping mound
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Boardwalk and bicycle path
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The narrow mound
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Central area
Section Aa: The sloping mound leading from the north entrance through the dense forest into the garden area 1:750 people, but also hide the park partly, which creates an element of surprise. The different landscape elements in The Artillery Gardens are connected by a two-level organically shaped path system, which makes the composition more dynamic and creates a more fascinating nature experience to visitors.
The Gardens
The mounds in the northern part are three meters high, like the terrain on the southern side. They are connected by an elevated boardwalk. With the boardwalk we grant access to visitors, but also raise them closer to the canopy where they can perceive nature from an unique perspective. The mounds are surrounded by three meters high beech hedges, which are framing the gardens of the five senses on top of the five wider mounds. In the Garden of Flavour, visitors can enjoy different edible species and herbs. As people walk through the Garden of Colours, they see the plants arranged in big patches according to their colour. The Garden of Texture is divided into three rooms: soft, smooth and rough. The rooms
are framed by plants representing these textures. The Garden of Fragrances is planted with species that have intense scents. The Garden of Sound has three rooms within itself. One room, where water creates sound effects, one, where flowering plants attract insects and people can listen to their buzzing sound, and one sealed off, where visitors can enjoy silence. The mound with the Garden of Colour is different than the rest. Instead of having a wall to the north, it has a slope to integrate the open area with the old hangar. The building itself is used as an event hall, creating room for various community activities.
On each of the viewing platforms furniture and smaller plants are arranged differently, therefore they offer various spaces for staying and activities. Aligned to the Garden of Colours, instead of a viewing platform the tribune is established. This is a larger staircase that can be used for outdoor
Garden of Flavour
Garden of Color
gatherings, such as concerts, plays and other social events. All of these landmarks are connected to the southern area, and to strengthen the connectivity fruit trees are also introduced in the southern area outside the Artillery Garden.
Garden of Texture
Garden of Fragnance
Garden of Sound
Principal section showing the gardens of the five senses on top of the mounds
Orchards and Viewing platforms
The orchards in the central area are surrounded by hedges and filled with various fruit trees and shrubs. They offer opportunities for foraging. It is a very popular activity nowadays, and wild fruit trees and shrubs are already thriving and characterising the area. The four viewing platforms in the south grant visual access to the whole area. They are acting as landmarks and orientation points. Experiencing the orchards when walking through the central area of the Artillery Gardens
Cherry Orchard
Semiopen area
Viewing platform crossing canal
Clearing, creating a recreational area
Existing forest
Section Bb: The orchards, viewing platforms and clearing in the dense vegetation on the southern edge of the Artillery Gardens 1:1000 Group 3: By Lin Horn-Petersen, Franziska S. Kolmer, Pernille V. Nørmark & Róbert Schuck
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The Artillery Park
The square Forest
01.
Existing landscape - terrain, trees and old shooting ranges
A A Parterre
The ponds
Arboretum
Canal Garden
Royal structure - The goosefoot
Lawn Fields of sport Coastline monument Bastion Garden
Shooting ranges
N
1:7.500 This project aims to secure the existing nature values of Amager FĂŚlled, as well as to preserve the area as a central and unique green refuge for Copenhageners. By introducing a royal garden structure as a frame for the existing nature we wish to secure the area as a park for leisure, cultivation, and education.
Path
The plan is guided by the concept of a super-imposed goosefoot-structure. The goosefoot expands from the Square in the north, into three main axes; one pointing to the Coastline Monument and the Bastion Garden, one leading guests towards the Shooting Ranges and the Fields of sport, and one pointing towards the Canal Garden.
Allotment gardens
Contemporary royal
The Royal Artillery Garden displays typical royal elements like; the goosefoot, the parterre, the lawn, the fields and the monument. However, these elements have undergone a translation; the goosefoot is intentionally broken and displaced, the parterre is represented by allotment gardens rather than by shaped boxwood,
From royal to contemporary Merging and adapting to the site and the arboretum act as a laboratory of already existing and native species rather than of exotic and rare plants. As well as the ponds with their organic shape instead of precicely shaped bassins. This shaping and reinventing of the royal elements creates a frame for existing nature and lived life and supports the park as a contemporary and site-relevant refuge.
Sheds for garden tools
1:500 Section AA - The allotment gardens are submerged to the surrounding terrain, providing an edge as well as a nice overview from the path Group 4: By Yixuan Zhang, Kris Nilsson & Sofie Svitzer Lyngbye
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The parterre gardens are submerged, providing overview and edge
Focal elements
The Square functions as an important focal point in the northern part of the park. It is placed in close relation to the surrounding city as well as to the Islands Brygge School. It is situated where the three axes meet, and programmed with green house, a café, school classrooms, public facilities and a small exhibition space. The parterre consists of allotment gardens, where nearby residents and school classes can and grow and harvest vegetables. The Shooting Ranges are preserved and enforced as elongated precise mounts. In addition to the existing mounts, new mounts are re-established. They are programmed with plantings, pathways and a tribune facing The Fields of Sports. The Ponds are seemingly nat-
Forest
Common
urally shaped waterbodies broken only by the diagonal axes. They provide a picturesque detour and pause in the park. The Lawn stretches along the park and allows long vistas into the southern common. Two detached gardens, The Bastion Garden and The Canal Garden are placed at the edges of the park. The Bastion Garden is imitating the old bastion, and is furnished with benches, groups of trees and a statue placed in line with the axis. The Canal Garden connects the park to the existing canal in the eastern part of Amager Fælled. The Arboretum consists of eight theme gardens, serving as a laboratory of vegetation in relation to management, choice of species, density and thinning strategies.
Lawn
Wetland
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View of the park and goosefoot structure seen from north-east
Exhibition space + public facilities Greenhouse Allotment gardens
School classrooms Café School classrooms N
1:1.000 Detail plan 01 - The Square in the north with different public functions
Nature types and plantings
Where the goosefoot-structure is not interfering, the aim is to preserve the existing nature of the area. Amager Fælled consists mainly of meadow with tall grasses and open views, thickets of hawthorn, small bogs, wetlands and forests
Tree rows
of alder, willow and birch. Spatial variations within the existing plantings are created through the implementation of various thinning strategies (as seen below). New straight lines of dense tree plantings are imitating the former shooting ranges, and create a contrast to the existing landscape.
Arboretum ex. A
Arboretum ex. B
Group 4: By Yixuan Zhang, Kris Nilsson & Sofie Svitzer Lyngbye
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Artillerihaverne
The water garden a place for meeting, meditating and a place to escape the city and get closer to nature.
Artillerihaverne are a continuous, contained chain of gardens and recreational amenities concentrated within a cross structure running north-south and east-west. As development pressures on Amager intensify, it is crucial that delicate nature areas are preserved. Artillerihaverne serve to enhance recreational opportunity for users, precluding further development by creating a much loved park with a dense, compact footprint leaving the surrounding areas open for less intensive recreation. Connecting Artillerihaverne into the existing urban fabric at its edges and entrance points, users are channelled along axes within the park rich with activities and experiences while still having the
option to explore secondary paths through the wild grounds.
Responding to Context
The site sits at the tense junction between a highly urbanized zone and an extensive nature preserve, lying at the northern tip of Amager Fælled, wedged between Islands Brygge and the Copenhagen University South Campus. The site is much loved by locals for its extensive path systems and abundance of vegetation in close proximity to denser areas. The site as it is today reflects a deeper context stemming from its historical use. Until the end of WWII it served as the artillery training grounds for the Danish military, lined with trenches and ridges north to south. Traces of this use are still sensible in some
Existing/ Planned Vegetation parts of the site but have largely disappeared. These traces are enhanced at several locations, gesturing to this historical context and incorporating traces to guide the site’s future trajectory.
Planting a Superstructure
Following its transition from an active military site to a recrea-
tional nature area, several distinctive vegetation types have developed: forest, thicket, wetland, and meadow. These existing areas are largely retained alongside the new plantings. The main intervention are broad tree rows (4 metre spacing) along the east-west and north-south axes, forming a planted superstructure 32 metres wide. These tree rows are the frame of the park, within them are the gardens, amenities, and central paths that visitors will frequent. Selectively cleared to accommodate these plantinvgs, distinctive mature trees will be incorporated into the new rows, further weaving the site’s history into its future. At three zones to the southwest, the north, and the east, widely spaced tree grids (8 metre spacing) will be introduced as a
Group 5: By Nicholas Dyakowski, Elliott Joyce, Josse Vermeulen & Shuangwen Yang
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Wetland Area
existing vegetation 2
3 wetland
A B
The Gardens
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Site Plan 1:7500: Artillerihaverne form a clear superstructure within the wider grounds. 1. The Reflection Garden, 2. The Play Garden, 3. The Water Garden, 4. The Pergola Garden. soft transition from more thickly wooded areas. The Artillerihaverne will entail extensive planting. The tree mix will be roughly 60% Tilia, with additional plantings of Salix, Crataegus, and Betula providing graphic and spatial variety in the structure. The grid is further broken up with the inclusion of open lawns within it in a tetris-like orientation. The different elements of the Artillerihaverne stand in contrast to the surrounding, unmanaged vegetation with edge transitions that constantly remind
the visitor of their surroundings beyond the superstructure.
Edges and Axes
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superstructure bridging this divide and drawing the canal and KU campus into conversation with the park. A football field at this end gestures to the additional recreational opportunities within the park along the east-west axis: tennis courts, patanque, a basketball court. The north-south axis is dedicated to passive recreational spaces: diverse gardens, lawns, reestablished ridges, and water features. At the north and west entrances, short paths lead into rectangular plazas that overlap the tree rows and direct visitors onto the central paths. At the southwest entrance, a narrow path winds through thick forest that gives way to the widely spaced tree grid, the path continuing on a circuit throughout the grounds, crossing the superstructure at several points. At the south end of the north-south axis, the structure rises up over a ridge and continues for some distance before gradually fading into the wild nature of Amager FĂŚlled.
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wild tree grid
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Roughly one half of the site’s perimeter is lined with built up areas with narrow entrance points.
Our approach turns this challenge into an opportunity, creating entrances that engender a sense of curiosity in the casual visitor and draws them into the park. At the eastern entrance, the tree row extends over the motorway - the
The gardens along the northsouth axis offer a range of unique spaces. The Reflection garden (1), features 15 Magnolia (3 x 5), set in planters in a reflecting pond - a meditative space for the contemplation. The Play garden (2) is a garden with varying heights featuring boulders and stepping stones that invite people to get active and imaginative. The Water Garden (3), close to the wetland area, features a range of aquatic plants arrayed in circular beds. And finally, The Pergola Garden (4) features an array of pergolas overtop of terraced planting beds.
Section AB cut through the southern allee showing ridge and water pool. Group 5: By Nicholas Dyakowski, Elliott Joyce, Josse Vermeulen & Shuangwen Yang
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Artilleri Øen
Visualization of a garden, which extends from the ring into the wild. Back in the middle of the 1800 the cannon was flying straight through the air of Amager Fælled. The time is different. In the north of Amager Fælled you can now get the experience of walking beside one of the old cannon shooting fields, which now is transformed into a stormwater management canal. Explore the different modern royal gardens, which gives you varied impression of nature. Enjoy the walk around the area besides the allé trees, which will guide you through walls and over streams. And if you want to see the hidden monument you will need to experience the area from above. The balloon chief will give you a safe tour from the sky. You see the city, the ocean; and now you see the monument – Ø.
Artilleri Ø
Artilleri Ø is a royal garden which will gain awareness of the conflict between the city and nature at the old artillery ground to the North.
Allé -Metasequoia Glyptostroboides
Bench Metasequoia Glyptostroboides
Path - Gravel Path edge - Stone brick Recreational space - Ceder wood The Artillery Ground was once used for military purpose, but the nature has afterwards left the site with an identity which resembles an old untouched landscape. By highlighting the historical
“[...] gain awareness of the conflict between the city and nature .” traces – the old coastline, the balloon hall, the shooting field and demonstrate the nature’s role and right, Artilleri Ø is going Back To the Future.
Existing trees
Pear garden
Apple garden Horse paddock Hedge
Wooden bridge
Stormwater management canal
Gravel
Rose garden
Detail plan 1:750, meeting between the Allé and the canal and gardens. Group 6: By Anders Fønss, Yu Liu , Amalie Ellehøj Okkels & Cemile Özgenc Weglewna
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Horse paddock
Section 1:400
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Allé Metasequoia Glyptostroboides
The classical elements in a royal garden; the pathsystem, the garden and the monument can be used to explain the project. The main pathsystem is a circular allé formed by allé trees - Metasequoia glyptostroboides, gravel path and wood bridges.
Exisiting nature
Apple garden
The promenade is a 1750 m long walk, and connects Islands Brygge in the west with Ørestad Nord in the east. Along the allé different experiences takes place - some allé trees are for instance gone because of the wetland. Wooden deck appears on the allé
Stormwater management
creating squares with benches, inviting people to concentrate on the specific location.
The garden
The garden is conceived by multiple gardens along the stormwater management canal running
Allé
Islands Brygge Main entrance
2 Riding Center Vista
Side entrance
Access
5 Horse paddock 2 1
Wet areas
Side entrance
Existing nature
from the north at Artillerivej to the south of the area - connecting the city with Amager Fælled. The water variates from dry to a water mirror depending on the climate. A long the canal a gravel path runs leading visitors from one garden to another. The gardens has a hedge surrounding it, and inside the gardens variates from lawns to eatable gardens to ‘reading gardens’, creating modern pleasure gardens offering a peaceful place in the busy city.
The shape of the canal and the gardens imitates the old artillery shooting ranges that used to be divided by rampats.
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Old coastline
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“The nature is pushing the city in place”
Zeppeliner Hall
Gardens
Pear garden
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4 4 Vista
1. Allé, 2. Gardens, 3. Ballon, 4. Water, 5. Wetland. Masterplan 1:8000.
The monument
The monument in the project is hidden but by using the balloon, which has a vista to the old zeppeliner hall, you can see it. The overview of how the nature makes a stand - by taking land back from the city. The nature is pushing the city in place but still allows the strict lines from the city to come join inside the area. Beside the old Zeppeliner Hall a small Riding Center is located. The new paddock inside the area defined by the allé will result in a bigger area for the users of the riding center and have a recreational value for the visitors of Artilleri Ø.
Group 6: By Anders Fønss, Yu Liu , Amalie Ellehøj Okkels & Cemile Özgenc Weglewna
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Amager Have Located at the northern part of Naturpark Amager, only 3 kilometers away from the city center, Amager Have becomes an entrance from the city to this large recreational area. Once a field of shooting ranges for the Danish Royal Artillery, the area is plagued by issues of polluted soil and undefined purpose. Through historical reference it is intended to secure the area as a significant piece of green infrastructure for Copenhagen. The vision for Amager Have is to create a contemporary park using the conceptual remains of the shooting ranges to create a historical reference. In addition the aim is to create a frame to conserve the wild and uncontrolled natural landscape that Amager FĂŚlled is already known for. By doing this, history becomes the interface between urban and nature.
Park divisions
The site is divided into different areas with distinct expressions; Large scale interventions reinvent the shape of the shooting ranges that have now faded from memory, these create meeting points that catch the eye and lead people to discover the site. The existing forest in the northern and southern parts begin to infiltrate into the site, and the former wet area has been excavated to provide a large lake to provide for ongoing climate adaptation through collection and filtration of rainwater.
Lake pavilion creating a viewpoint at the end of the main diagonal axis. The residual soil has been used to create an undulating topography to the south of the site where meadows form around the highest part of the park, creating another viewpoint.
Loop
The main path around the site creates a loop cutting through each area, from open space, to undulating landscape, then to dense forest. Offering the visitors different experiences depending on vegetation types, terrain and surrounding landscape. The loop
connects Amager Have with the surrounding grounds when it breaks the formal boundary provided by the canal running from the north to the south, here we find a small intervention to create seasonal interest. The path is also emphasised further by the material choice. Permeable resin bonded gravel provides the necessary contrast in texture to achieve this. There are several key elements that define the garden; The allĂŠs crossing the site create axis to make a clear division through
the area and provide viewpoints across the site. The edges of the garden are defined by the renewed canal to the south and east and by the pathways to the north and west border of the garden. The lake provides small inaccessible islands for birds and the existing vegetation. The site is also defined by several built elements that become monuments in the landscape, The Forest Pavilion, Concourse and Lake Pavilion as well as natural elements created by the changes in topography.
Meadow Lawn Existing vegetation Forest pavilion Concourse Lake pavilion
Main axis
Loop and water areas
Monuments
Vegetation zoning Group 7: By Alice Nuel, Magnus Hehlke, Marcus Spaull & Emma Vibe
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Vegetation
The existing vegetation in Naturpark Amager provides a canopy of predominantly Willow, Poplar and Birch species with a scattering of Ash and Cherry. The lower vegetation is a mix of Hawthorn, grasses and various herbaceous species. Some of the bigger solitary trees are worthy of retention, especially along the proposed paths. In some areas of Amager Have the existing vegetation will
Lawn Forest pavilion
“a transition between the city and Naturpark Amager.”
Concourse
be left almost untouched, maintained only for visitor safety. Along the main allés Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Fastigiata’ will be planted. An upright tree forming a teardrop shape with age. They will be approximately 15-20 meters tall. The meadows will be a mix of self-seeding annual wildflowers in varying colours, blooming from early summer through to winter. Species could include; Ammi majus, Delphinum ajacis, Gypsophila elegans, Centaurea cyanus, Clarkia elegans and Nigella damascene. In the area surrounding the lake there will be a combination of existing vegetation and ornamental grasses like Spartina pectinata and Carex pendula and marsh plants on the water edges.
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10 m
Meadow
Remnant nature
Viewpoint lake pavilion
Wildflower meadow
Refuge islands Loop
Forest
Remnant nature
Viewpoint hills and meadow
Forest grove
Amager Have masterplan. The main path is a loop cutting through different areas to lead people to discover the site. 1:5000
Existing vegetation
Canal edge
Forest grove
The loop is crossing the canal running from the north to the south and connects Amager Have with the surrounding landscape. Group 7: By Alice Nuel, Magnus Hehlke, Marcus Spaull & Emma Vibe
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Royal Lines Access point
The Esplanade The Path
The Royal Ramparts The Garden The Coastal Route The Monument
Access point
Concept-diagram The Esplanade Access point Section A
Connecting bicycle lane
Access point
The Royal Ramparts
Access points-diagram
Access point
Existing vegetation “Pastorale”
Gravel paths The Coastal Route
Existing vegetation
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Masterplan 1:6000, displaying the interventions on the site. Royal Lines endeavours to design interventions that represent the history of the site. The project proposes to expose the traces of the past in a reinterpreted format. Old relics from the past are reintroduced in a new modern approach with the objective to last a long time into the future.
fined garden setting as terrain stairs made up of concrete slabs. They are forming these long straight lines/ramparts cutting
One of these traces are the ramparts that formed the artillery grounds which used to be there. They are reintroduced from the existing wilderness in a well-de-
through the garden. These ramparts are either ascending creating plateaus or descending forming a ditch. The garden in which they are placed has an enclosing
“Old relics from the past reinterpreted into the future”
hedge which clearly delineates outside and inside. Another intervention/trace is the old coastline which used to be within the project area back in the 19th century. The old coastline is reinterpreted as a perforated wall made up of thin steel elements forming an organic and floating wall that makes its way through the landscape exactly where the old coastline was located. The intervention that binds it all together is the esplanade: An elevated gravel road which is a major embracing path system.
Vegetation-diagram
New plantings “Hortus”
It stretches out and grabs hold of certain edges in terms of context and creates access points. It invites the visitor to step on the gravel pavement and be slightly raised above the existing landscape.
The Royal Ramparts
This intervention reshapes the enclosed area almost completely. It becomes a new place because of the new elements as the planted trees, the redefined ramparts, the enclosing hedge, the activities etc. It has a strict edge and has the reintroduced ramparts as the dominating element creating a formal architectural language.
Group 8: By Dimitris Adamidis, Johannes Malte Schwaab, Katharina Richter & Maja Dissing Wiehe
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Gate
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Bikelane
Meadow
Gate
Rose Garden
The Esplanade
Close-up of Detail Plan (NE corner)
user can place temselves in the garden where ever they want to.
The project has two path systems: The main path “the Esplanade” and a secondary path network. The esplanade is a key element of our proposal. It is a 40 cm elevated gravel path with 5 m in width which is framing the historical elements of the site and acts as a connection to the urban grid from the one side, as well as defining an edge of the park. The secondary path system in the site is more narrow and is providing connections from one edge or intervention to the other. It leads the visitors through nature and goes in multiple directions giving the pedestrian a choice as to which path to take and explore the site and its beautiful existing natural qualities.
Origin of an edge
Character of preservation
Reflecting Pool Eco Pool Pier WC & Changing Rooms
Hedge
Terrainial Steps Ditch Playground
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Detail plan 1:1000. This shows a zoom-in of the Garden, “The Royal Ramparts,” in the southeast corner to indicate the different programs that the visitor can utilize. At the entrance in the northeast corner, a path system is split in three, one mainly for bicycles and the other two for pedestrians. The northern west-going path in the garden is a bicycle lane which is an existing connection that most cyclists use between Ørestads Boulevard and Artillerivej. This project offers the cyclists a passage through the garden even at night and strengthens the experience of moving through Gate
Amager Fælled. The path going strictly south follows a rampart on one side and an eco pool on the other. Two experiences the visitor can find the time to explore. The third path system goes through the garden in its very own language leading the visitor through the different spaces such as the open plain, the water mirror, the grove, the smaller gardens etc. There are multiple moveable chairs scattered throughout the garden. With these chairs, the
Elevated Gravel Path
Ditch
Hedge
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exactly where the coastline originally was. The area around this monument will be cleared of forest or other densities to really make the coastal route stand out. The coastal route has different densities in its distance between the steel pillars. Sometimes they are very narrow and sometimes they extend so much that a visitor can pass through. It becomes a monument you can engage yourself in.
Sidewalk
Terrainial Steps
Lawn
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The project reintroduces the old coastline as the coastal route which refers to the original stretch of the shore. The coastal route is inaugurated with a perforated wall made of thin steel elements going through the landscape. Its organic and floating shape will be the monumental figure telling the tale of the old times. It is placed
The project has a strong emphasis on preserving the existing nature at the site and revealing the valuable historical parts. The traces of the past are extracted out of the existing space and are enhanced with more comprehensive interventions to make them really stand out in the wilderness of Amager Fælled.
Ramparts
Elevated Gravel Path
Ground Level
Section A 1:500, showing the figures of the Royal Ramparts and the atmosphere of the garden with the surrounding hedge. Group 8: By Dimitris Adamidis, Johannes Malte Schwaab, Katharina Richter & Maja Dissing Wiehe
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Artilleriparken Skate
Ar
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Contemplation Gardens Artilleripladsen
Active Edge Canal
Boardwalk Skydebanegraven
Existing Forest The Loop
Concept: 1 - path system, 2 - water, 3 - active edge and 4 - tree grid. Masterplan 1:5000 - Artilleriparken - An urban park defined by four overarching elements: the active edge, Skydebanegraven, a hierarchy of path systems and tree grid. A combincation of geometric and organic forms creates a strong architectural language combining the natural and the urban. Artilleriparken depicts a vision of an urban park which will invite the public of Copenhagen into the grounds of Amager Fællad and introduce them to a dynamic landscape that works with the past to create a contemporary urban solution. The current context of Amager Fælled is one that can be defined as a ‘wild nature’ which has been left to grow and mature with its own devices. Such a large area situated nin central Copenhagen offers a
unique opportunity to allow people into this landscape and offer them both the experience of urban and nature. Leading inwards from Artillerivej are entry paths which travel through the active edge and to the main loop. It is this area of the park that has strong intervention so as to allow for programming and a tree grid system. When travelling to the southern end of the park, evident are water bodies based on existing wetland areas which enhance the rest of the Amager Fælled and its wild
nature atmosphere. More clearly defined is also the creation of a new canal system which wraps around the main loop allowing people to walk next to the water and giving definition between the Active Edge and inner grounds.
Spatial Configuration
In Artilleriparken, the active edge works to create an integrated park program and filter people from the surrounding urban context of Islands Brygge into the park. Within this active edge is a
composition of spaces which have been designed to cater to a diverse group of park users and are flexible in program. The spaces work with a particular rhythm that layer different
“composition of spaces..cater to a diverse group of park users..” areas of activity from active recreation to passive recreation. For example: childrens play scapes, interactive water elements, multi-use sport fields and a skate park
Group 9: By Nele Broeckx, Nicolo Schlamp, René Fischetti & Sasha Spasic
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j Artilleripladsen Contemplation Gardens Culture House
Open Lawn
Play
Sport
Detail Plan 1:3000 - Different zones of activity allow for flexibiity in use and give a rhythym to the program where people can move through different spaces and enjoy both active and passive recreation. become the active whilst open lawns, tree shaded plazas and gravel areas are passive. On the eastern side of the active edge there is a new aesthetic introduced with areas reserved for contemplation gardens that people can enjoy. The gardens add visual interest to the program and a break from activity on the western edge. Also noticeable on the masterplan is the Artilleripladsen; here lies a skate park and sport zone which face toward the street and are suited to noise and activity. The Artilleriplads en then leads people down past the culture house and into the active edge.
Connecting the Landscape
An important consideration in Artilleriparken is to create a hierarchy of path systems which offer
Culture House
people different experiences dependant on which area of the park they are passing through. There is the overarching main loop which leads people around the park along the active edge and closer south to the rest of Amager Fælled. With a six metre width, the concrete path becomes a promenade that allows for shared use and flexibility. Beside this is a cycle path so as to keep the important connection between Islands Brygge and Orestads Boulevard as it a popular route used daily by cyclists. A smaller path is placed throughout the active edge offering more direct access through the area and creating definition between activity zones. An inner boardwalk system based on the contours of the land leads you through the park and south towards the rest of Amager Faelled. Little intervention is
Tree Grid
Play Topography
The active edge allows the opportunity for both passive and active recreation and filters people in from the surrounding urban context. used in to alow for a more natural The existing topography have interaction with the landscape. been used to channel water into Skydebanegraven and create an Re-Visiting The Past island effect as the ridges rise Implemented as a focal point in above creating walkable terrain. Skydebanegraven is framed Artilleriparken is ‘Skydebanegraven’; the shooting range pit; to define the area as its own; a serving as a landscape monu- simple in gesture, but powerful ment of the park. Accentuated in enough with the contrasting eleSkydebanegraven are the former ments of the ridges and water. It artillery ridges which have been can become a place of comtemreconstructed in their historical plation and sits strongly in the locations to 2.5 metres in height. surrounding organic landscape.
Inner Path
Main Path
Canal
Existing Forest
Section, 1:500 - A playscape with different zones and level change allows for flexible play and breaks the mould of a traditional playground. Trees provide shade and areas for parents and older children to hang out as well. Group 9: By Nele Broeckx, Nicolo Schlamp, René Fischetti & Sasha Spasic
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Amager Gardens & Queen’s Forest Amager Gardens and the Queens Forest is a vision for the transformation of Amager Fælled in order to secure a green, public space on Amager by protecting the area from further urban development. The elements of the Garden and the Forest refer back to the former landscapes of Amager Fælled, the military shooting range and the former coastal landscape. The inspiration for this project is found in the many historical layers of Amager Fælled. Most of the site is land reclaimed from the sea, and the area has formerly functioned as a shooting range, a military training site with a balloon hangar, an execution site and a landfill for the disposal of waste. In this project, two former landscapes are being highlighted and reinterpreted: the shooting range and the old coastline. The main theme in the project is the contrast between the aesthetics
“ Two former landscapes are being highlighted and reinterpretated” of hortus and pastoral which expresses itself through the strict, military landscape of the former shooting range (hortus) and the soft, meandering landscape of the former coastline (pastoral). The military landscape becomes a park with multiple gardens, and the coastal landscape becomes a wetland and forest with the former coastline itself becoming a walkable route.
The Garden
Amager Gardens and its park-like surroundings to the northeast revolves around the linearity of the mounds in the former shooting range. The strong, linear structure influences most of the elements in
Hareskoven
Dyrehaven
entrance Islands Brygge
entrance café
Kongens Have
Amager Gardens
Frb. Have
Queen’s Forest Byskoven
Artillerivej Kongelunden
glade
Figure 1. Diagram of the contexts of forests (dark grey) and royal gardens (light grey). bridge
wetland
glade
Park Gardens
Forest
forest Wetland
meadow coastline route
Figure 2. Translation of concept. The former shooting range and old coastline is translated into park / garden (hortus) and wetland / forest (pastoral). the gardens which display many different, classical garden elements like a rose garden, mirror basins, a sculpture garden etc. The linearity is broken in selected areas to create dynamics, and to integrate the garden into the surrounding city structure.
0m
50 m
100 m
Figure 3. Plan of Amager Gardens and the northern part of the Queen’s Forest. To further emphasize the contrast between the hortus and pastoral landscape types, the linear structure of the gardens with well-defined edges is surrounded by pastoral wetland to the southeast. To the south, a bridge connects the hortus landscape with
pastoral landscape across the wetland. Formalizing the most northern part of Amager Fælled also prepares the area to accommodate the many citizens moving into the new urban development in Islands Brygge in the coming years.
Group 10: By Alexa Haraga, AnnaMia Lindblom, Daníel Jakobsson & Natasja Parsons
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II.
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III.
year 0
year 10
year 50
Figure 4. Planting strategy for the Queen’s Forest. I. Grid platings, II. tree sown by seed dispersed by birds, and III. existing forest.
Figure 5. Conceptual collage illustrating the different atmospheres and elements, for example a green house, a café in the former balloon hangar, reflection ponds, an orchard, hammocks in the Hanging Garden etc.
The Coastline
The former coastline becomes a route leading south-east through a pastoral landscape. To emphasize the former coastal landscape, the landscape west of the old coastline has an open character to mimic the vastness of the sea, whilst the landscape east of the old coastline has a dense, closed character. The open landscape becomes wetland and meadow, and the dense landscape becomes a forest with selected clearings and glades. The forest consist of trees planted in grid, trees sown by
lawn ornamental grasses
Queen’s Pavilion
mound Rose Garden Orchard Reflection Garden mound pergola
Hanging Garden
“ mimics the vastness of the sea” seed dispersed by birds and existing trees (see fig. 4 ). The coastline route follows the edge of the forest all the way through the area with three man-made hills and ends at the hostel near Vejlands Allé. The Queen’s Forest becomes a forest in the midst of the urban fabric of Copenhagen. It relates itself to the old forest of Kongelunden and the newly planted Byskoven further south in Kalvebod Fælled.
Water Garden
meadow
Sculpture Garden wetland
0m
25 m
50 m
Figure 6. Zoom-in of some of the gardens. The strong contrast between the hortus of the gardens and the pastoral of the wetland is evident. Group 10: By Alexa Haraga, AnnaMia Lindblom, Daníel Jakobsson & Natasja Parsons
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A.F. Park
Fig. 1 An over-all visual of A.F. Park. From left to right, hills with lawn and fruit trees, Amager Fœlled indigenous vegetation with grazing sheep followed by a secondary path filled with a flower meadow and reed going into the water mirror with a dense forest in the background. A.F. Park is a former royal artillery ground in Amager Fælled. Bringing back the old coast line, conserving several mounds and the addition of a monumental water mirror, creates a new city park with historical relation. The concept of A.F. Park consists of three parts. Firstly, the pressure of the ever-expanding urban surroundings. This piece of nature situated only 3 km to the city center is a hot topic for urban development.
Pushing back the city
By making a strong border of water bodies, pushing to the very limit of the city, A.F. Park will be protected from an urban future (fig. 2). Secondly, the history of the area. This part of Amager Fœlled
used to be a royal artillery ground. Three mounds are still
“A big water mirror with a tripple tree row” present, yet hidden in the landscape. These will be made more visible and in addition to that, a big water mirror with a triple tree row will resemble the long lines and royal aspect of the artillery grounds. Also, the coastline used to run on the most western side of the area. This is brought back by a water body following the old coastline, combined with an active waterside (fig 5). Thirdly, the qualities of Amager Fœlled which are not shown to its truest potential. That is why the nature is adjusted to be a city park connected to the rest of Am-
ager Fœlled to the south. Currently movement and sight in the area are quite restricted, orientation is difficult. By densifying the already dense forest at the northern part, and opening up gradually from that point on to the south, the area can ‘breath’ again and has a logic transition towards the rest of Amager Fœlled. The clearings will be maintained by sheep, which also adds to the nature experience.
Fig. 2 Borders and connections
1
2
Fig. 3 Zoning 1: Activity 2: Amager Fœlled 3: Contem plation
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Zoning
These three drivers lead to a zoning of the landscape (fig. 3): Zone 1 is represented by the water boundary transformed from old coastline and several hills created by moved soil from the water structures. Zone 3, for contemplation, is created with its prominent feature; the water mirror, functioning as a monument.
2 3 1 2
3
Fig. 4 Nature typologies 1: forest 2: water 3: grass open land
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Fig. 5 Section A-A’, activity area containing the old coastline with an active water front and hilly landscape, scale 1:500 Group 11: By Group 11: By Ming Yam Chan, Maria Sophia Lehim, Marcia Trento & Simone van de Wiel
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Co inn p en er ha ha ge rb n ou r
flower meadow
2
1
til Ar
ler
i ve
j
reed
sheep pasture
existing forest
new forest
sheep pasture
2 hills
A
A’ Amager Fœlled
water
Mirror Garden
old coastline D1
Fig. 6 D1, Water mirror, sheep grazing, people walking on boardwalks zoom-in, scale 1:500
flower meadows
B
B’
forest clearing
0 Fig. 7 Water mirror edge detail scale 1:200 These two zones are divided by the existing vegetation of Amager Fœlled cutting through, creating a city park that is easy to orientate in as well as providing a common area for many different recreational functions. The nature itself is hereby also divided into different typologies (fig. 4). The activity area requires open short-cut grass areas, while
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100
200
500
Fig. 8 Plan A.F. Park, scale 1:10 000 Amager Fœlled has rougher, more natural vegetation and the contemplation area is strengthened by strict tree rows with clearings (fig 1).
Mirror Garden
The monumental water mirror is called the mirror garden. This refers to a literal water mirror as well as a time for contemplation
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and reflection. The garden’s fence consists of a ‘water fence’ (fig. 7). A detail of a metal edge with a 25cm gap containing water creates a downscaled version of the borders of the grounds. This edge is strengthened by a boardwalk along all edges within the garden. Two shapes enter the water, filled with reed. This is an inversed translation of the former vegeta-
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tion. Even though they enter the garden, a distinction in hierarchy is made by never breaking the fence and instead breaking the secondary boardwalk (fig. 6). The shape of the water mirror is also enforced by a triple tree row in stabilizer gravel pavement (fig. 8, 9). By opening op these rows, it creates intimate seating areas under a dense green roof.
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Fig. 9 Section B-B’, Mirror Garden and tripple tree row, mound with soft water boundary towards the landscape, scale 1:500 Group 11: By Ming Yam Chan, Maria Sophia Lehim, Marcia Trento & Simone van de Wiel
u n i v e r si t y of cope n h age n
landscape Studio 2018
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NATURE EXHIBITED
Overview of the frame showing the presence of the corner constuctions in the landscape, and the contrast between the garden and the nature.
NATURE EXHIBITED is the vision of a protected Amager Fælled. As a statement in favour of the nature, the project frames and empazises the existing values by highlighting the history and nature. The wild and the cultivated stands at contrasts and the design creates a museum of nature. The Royal Artillery Grounds is the northernmost part of Amager Fælled and wedges in between the buildings on Islands Brygge. With wild nature dating back five thousand years less than two kilometers from Rådhuspladsen, this wetland and meadow area formerly serving as a military shooting range is unique in many ways. It is an undefined free space neither being city nor countryside.
The Future
Today the area hosts of a big variety of flora and fauna including several protected species and is highly appreciated by locals. Due to the close proximity to the city centre Amager Fælled is also an attractive area for urban development projects - a conflict of interests that has caused much controversy.
“... a museum of nature.” Inspired by the current ongoing discussion of the future of the area, this project is taking a stand by exhibiting and emphasizing the existing nature as highly valuable. It protects Amager Fælled from being turned
The Royal Artillery Grounds in context. into a residential area and sets an example of protecting nature in rapidly growing urban settings.
The Concept
Shaped by the context and with a structural reference to the old shooting range, a rectangular frame has been placed upon the existing landscape. Buildings placed in the corners and a surrounding defined edge form the
ever-present frame protecting the nature. The frame is widened and becomes a garden itself, emphasizing the exhibited nature in the middle. The point is not for the nature to be untouched but to underline the preservation of Amager Fælled as it is – with no specific purpose and free to develop naturally.
Framing Nature
The frame consists of an inner and an outer wall made up of concrete and tall hedges, and three large L-shaped corner buildings. Within the enclosure of the walls, a garden with varying programming stretches around. Towards the city in the northwest the frame is “solid” and symbolises the statement of keeping the city out of the nature. Towards the commons in the south-east,
Group 12: By Su Tien-Yu, Ines Zunic, Alexander Breland & Helene Bruun Sørensen
u n i v e r si t y of cope n h age n
landscape Studio 2018
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annotations
Entrance, info Hedge wall
Mounds
Workshop
Open grass Tree lines Amager Fælled Forest
Reeds field
Ditch
Elevated boardwalk
Boardwalk Playground
Lake
Cafe
From above showing the access and context, the frame and functions and the exhibited and surrounding nature. the frame is “soft” and penetrable opening up towards the surrounding grounds, acting as a passageways into the areas. The overall design of the frame is inspired by the old shooting ranges. As you walk through the garden there is a clear structure and the elements and functions are organised in ribbons to resemble the mounds of the former military area. A meandering path guides the visitor to views and access to different nature types, and creates a diverse spatiality.
Canal Amager Fælled
Masterplan showing the project NATURE EXHIBITED in the landscape. 1:4000.
The Garden
The garden is programmed with functions for play, education and recreation as well as more quiet activities for contemplation, studying and observing. The varying spaces invite to different activities and include a playground, smaller niches, look-out points, open grassareas and secondary pathways into wilder nature. At the eastern border an elevated walkway allows the visitor to experience the nature from above, see the frame in the landscape and walk between the canopies.
Along the outside the frame is supported by either a ditch or canal to soften the meet and create a monumental feeling in the landscape. It underlines the magnitude of the frame and makes you wonder what lies behind. L-shaped buildings in the corners of the frame create a mental boundary as well as visible landmarks throughout the area. In the southern end the shape of the square is broken and the
south-western buildings has been replaced with a large water body that imitates the shape of the old coastline that once ran through the area. The water is a reference to the past and a symbol of the future as its organic shape symbolises the way nature and climate can influence an area and take over. The large water mirror breaks the frame and resembles the power of nature.
Section showing the outer edge, the inside garden and the transition into the exhibitied nature. 1:600. Group 12: By Su Tien-Yu, Ines Zunic, Alexander Breland & Helene Bruun Sørensen
u n i v e r si t y of cope n h age n
landscape Studio 2018
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Lines of legacy main entrance ej
riv
tille
Ar
meadow
school
Balloon Square
Islands Brygge kindergarten
bicycle path
dense forest
select trees entrance bridge es
Or tad
footpath
vd
Bl
Artillery Garden
coastal path
entrance bridge
footpath
wetland
wet meadow
grassland
old coastline
water channel entrance bridge
Masterplan 1:6000 AmagerfĂŚlled holds many historical layers, from the old coastline which first shaped the unique nature qualities, the development of Amager by landfill and the old artillery mounds, all embedded in the present state of the grounds and telling the development story of Copenhagen. To safeguard the area from urbanization, the project seeks to enhance these layers by unfolding the grounds as a full developed park. Respect for the local ecological conditions and urban context make experiences that guide discovery and reading of the site.
managed grassland
present state
historical layers
management
The Grounds
The project works with a combination of a general management plan and small scale interventions. The management plan functions to keep the grounds from becoming completely forested from succession, and preserve the openness that relates to the history of being a beach
meadow and commons. Grounds management consists of three strategies: Unmanaged dense forest - allowing for completely natural succession; Managed grassland - maintained with a few scattered tree groups and shrubs to preserve openness; Open wet meadow- completely open area, slightly excavated to
open wet meadow
artillery garden
access
concept
emphasize the water flow in the area. The interventions are made at meeting points between management edges and historical layers. Focused entrances, a newly developed path system and clearing vegetation combine to connect views and movement from north to south.
dense forest
Section 1:750, Grounds management strategy Group 14: By Sofia Stoynova, Erin Hauer, Amalie Grove, Jeremy Notley & Luke Shaw
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landscape Studio 2018
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Artillery Garden
The Artillery Garden is a curation of the local flora and testimony of the winning argument that has preserved the area several times. The garden aims to emphasize the beauty that composes the native species of Amagerfælled Naturpark in the frame of a garden and in contrast to the surrounding wilder landscape. The garden speaks the language of the hisotric artillery. The old artillery mounds are recreated as water channels throughout the garden that is structured based on systematic straight lines. The system breaks and opens up across the gardens, creating calm niches for relaxing and contemplation. A raised concrete platform accentuates the edge, allows an overview of the garden and serves as a main path.
Visualisation of Artillery Garden
Balloon Square gravel concrete path
meadow
fountain houses
cobble square
balloon barn
cafe
benches facilities
cafe seating wc equestrian barn seating
Coastal Pathway
gravel path meadow
Zeppelin balloon play elements
Deatil plan of Balloon Square 1:1000
The Balloon Square area contains historical buildings that are currently hidden behind trees and fences. A newly defined entrance opens the area to the urban environment by connecting with the axis street leading to Islands Brygge. By creating an open and active “urban square” we invite the neighbors inside with a playground, café and seating options. The existing meadow welcomes you into the grounds and the hardscape of the balloon square leads to the park. Zeppelin balloon play elements across the square and meadow connect with the adjacent kindergarten and school. Placed along the edge of the forest and open meadow, the coastal path accentuates the different vegetation types and creates a figurative experience of walking on the “edge of the coast”. Excavated soil is used to raise the path edge and demarcate intersections with the historic coastline and provides seating possibilities.
Pathway conditions
main entrance
coastal path
old coastline
footpath
forest
wetland path Group 14: By Sofia Stoynova, Erin Hauer, Amalie Grove, Jeremy Notley & Luke Shaw
before
week 1
week 2
week 3
week 4
w17: 23.04 - 27.04.18
w18: 30.04 - 04.05.18
w19: 07.05 - 12.05.18
w20: 14.05 - 18.05.18
before, nine weeks of studio work & after:
week 5
week 6
week 7
w21: 21.05 - 25.05.18
w22: 28.05 - 01.06.18
w23: 04.06 - 08.06.18
week 8 w24: 11.06 - 15.06.18
examination w25: 18.06 - 22.06.18
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