06 diagonsiglobal 2

Page 1

cËXiX[X J\k\dYi\ )''. 8Yi`c )''/ cXiX[X%e\k

Efk\j [\c kXcc\i [\ ;`X^efj` >cfYXc [\c Jfcjfe j% (. [\ Efm\dYi\ [\c )''. :XjXc [\ :lckliX% JfcjfeX E d% *&('

*;`X^efj`>cfYXc <c gXjjXk (. [\ [\j\dYi\ \j mX Z\c\YiXi X JfcjfeX \c kXcc\i [\ i\Õ\o` ^cfYXc [\ cX ZfdXiZX [\c Jfcjfe j \ddXiZXk [`ej \c gifa\Zk\ <JG8@J% CËfYa\Zk`l [\c kXcc\i ]fl \c [Ë\jkXYc`i i\cXZ`fej \eki\ \cj i\jlckXkj [\ c\j [l\j Xek\i`fij kifYX[\j g\i kXc [\ [\k\ZkXi Xhl\cc\j j`klXZ`fej hl\ \j Zfej`[\i\e d j Z\ekiXcj% ;ËXhl\jkX dXe\iX jË_Xe gf^lk \jkXYc`i hl`ej j\iXe \cj gi`eZ`gXcj ~dY`kj ` c e`\j \jkiXk ^`hl\j X [\j\emfclgXi \e \cj gifg\ij kXcc\ij [\cj <JG8@J%

M

fiX leX Z`ehlXek\eX [\ g\ijfe\j gXik`Z`gXi\e \e \c kXcc\i# gifm`e\ekj [\cj dle`Z`g`j [\ CX :fdX ` cX G\[iX# CcX[lij# CcfY\iX# Fc`lj# JfcjfeX# I`e\i# :Xjk\ccXi# CcfY\iX# G`e j ` CX DfcjfjX% CX d`kaXeX [Ë\[Xk [\ c\j g\ijfe\j Xjj`jk\ekj ]fl [\ +) Xepj# XdY gif]\jj`fej# m`eZlcXZ`fej XjjfZ`Xk`m\j ` `ehl`\$ kl[j [`m\ij\j% :fd \e \cj Xek\i`fij kXcc\ij k\ii`$ kfi`Xcj# \cj gXik`Z`gXekj \j kfieXi\e X X^ilgXi \ekfie [`]\i\ekj ~dY`kj k\d~k`Zj% <e Xhl\jkX fZXj` # g\i # efd j \e ]fi\e ki\j1 J\im\`j ` HlXc`kXk [\ m`[X2 J\Zkfi gi`dXi`2 ` Kli`jd\ ` :fd\i % CË~dY`k `e[lj$ ki`Xc ]fl kiXZkXk \e [l\j m\jjXekj1 cX [\ kiXej]fidXZ` X^ifXc`d\e$ k~i`X# \e \c J\Zkfi gi`dXi`2 ` cX [\ cX cfZXc`kqXZ` [\ c\j `e[ jki`\j# X HlXc`kXk [\ m`[X% GXik`ek [\ cX `e]fidXZ` fYk`e^l[X \e \cj [fj Xek\i`fij kXcc\ij# hl\ ]\`X i\$ ]\i eZ`X X cË\jkXk [\cj [`]\i\ekj ~dY`kj ` Xhl\ccj \c\d\ekj hl\ \j Zfej`[\i\e gfj`k`lj f e\^Xk`lj# cX [`e~d`ZX [\c kXcc\i Zfej`jk \e \eki\ccX Xi c\j i\X$ c`kXkj f j`klXZ`fej ZfeZi\k\j \eki\ j # \jkXYc`ek i\cXZ`fej [\ ZXljX ` \]\Zk\%

8`o # d`kaXe Xek leX kXi^\kX g\i X ZX[XjZleX [\ c\j `[\\j [\ gXik`[X# \j ZXkXcf^Xi\e j\^fej cX ZXgXZ`kXk [Ë`eÕl eZ`X hl\ \j Zi\l k\e`i jfYi\ Xhl\jk\j j`klXZ`fej 8 c\j efjki\j dXej2 @eÕl\e$ Z`XYc\2 D\epj `eÕl\eZ`XYc\ \e^XeoXek$c\j [`ej leX ^iX\ccX [`Yl`oX[X jfYi\ le ^iXe gcX] % Gfjk\i`fid\ek# X]\^`[\j efm\j `[\\j f i\Xc`kXkj X gifgfjkX [\cj Xjj`jk\ekj# \j kiX Xi\e c\j c e`\j ZXljXcj \eki\ \cc\j# fYk\e`ek Zfd X i\jlckXk le ^i~ÔZ [\ i\cX$ Z` ZXljX$\]\Zk\ Õlof^iXdX % Kfk Xhl\jk gifZ j _X j\i$ m`k g\i X ]\i leX gifgfjkX [Ë~dY`kj \jkiXk ^`Zj \e \cj hlXcj jË_Xli`X [\ YXjXi cX efmX \jkiXk ^`X [\ [\j\emfcl$ gXd\ek Zfdle`kXi` ` jfjk\e`$ Yc\ [\c k\ii`kfi` [\c Jfcjfe j% <cj ~dY`kj [ËXZklXZ` gifgf$ jXkj j e Xhl\ccj \eZXd`eXkj X d`e`d`kqXi c\j [\Y`c`kXkj ` i\]fi Xi c\j ]fikXc\j\j# gi`f$ i`kqXek c\j `ek\im\eZ`fej \e Xhl\cc\j ZXiXZk\i jk`hl\j fe _` k\e`d d j gfjj`Y`c`kXk [ËXZZ` Xhl\cc\j hl\ _Xe \jkXk j`klX$ [\j ÊX c\j efjki\j dXejË %

Kfk X`o # jldXk X c\j XgfikXZ`fej fYk`e^l[\j \e Xc^le\j \eki\m`j$ k\j X XZkfij ZcXlj \e [\k\id`eXkj ~dY`kj# \ej gfik\e X gi\j\ekXi# XckiX m\^X[X# le\j ZfeZclj`fej ]il`k [\ cË\j]fi # cX mfclekXk ` cX i\Õ\o` [\cj Xjj`jk\ekj Xcj kXcc\ij2 Xhl\ccj hl` Zfe\`o\e [\ dXe\iX [`i\ZkX cX j\mX i\Xc`kXk ` hl\ ef [lYk\e \e ]\i g Yc`Z hl g\ej\e jfYi\ Xcc hl\ \cj \emfckX%

>i~Z`\j X kfkj&\j ` Ôej cX gifg\iX


$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

C8 M@J@ä >CF98C

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Gi`eZ`gXcj ZXiXZk\i jk`hl\j [\ ZX[XjZ e [\cj ~dY`kj k\d~k`Zj i\jlckXekj [\c KXcc\i >cfYXc

m\`j ; ÔZ`k [\ j\i cj iX il j e\ X qf

;< M@;8 HL8C@K8K @ J<IM<@J

\[Xi$j\ X j afm\j g\i hl ;`ÔZlckXk [\c XiZX m`li\ X cX Zfd

\ekj Zfd\i$ \cj \jkXYc`d [ `X eZ m m` G\i eXc Z`Xcj kiX[`Z`f Xi `c` d ]X [\ k`glj

Z`Xc ;\j\eZ j jf i~i`X X^ k kX m` [\ cËXZk`

ikle`kXkj DXeZX [Ëfgf X iliXc fe [ g\i X cX Y`\ekXc

@dgXZk\ Xd

gcXekXZ` g\i YX`oX `d [\ Gif^i\jj`mX K\Zefcf^`\j [\ c\j K@:Ëj ` cX :fdle`ZXZ ` cX @e]fidXZ`

\ekj cj [\jgcX Xd @eZi\d\ek [\ i g\i i\Xc`kqX [\ cX gfYcXZ` c\j Zfdgi\j

i`X [\ cX `e[ jk :\ekiXc`kqXZ` cc YX ` \c ki\ i\Xc`kXk \d\ek [\ cX <c [\jZfe\`o [\c d e iliXc

G8><J@8

\ek iXc Zfd \c\d <c gX`jXk^\ il ZX cX ZfdXi `[\ek`kXi` [\ X [`i\ZkX gX`j [\ m\e[ \j [Ë \ Yi d Xc`kqXZ` @ejlÔZ`\ek ef j [\ Zfd\iZ` f Z`iZl`kj Zli i` iX X^ [\c gif[lZk\ dX[fiX jki`X kiXej]fi DXeZX [Ë`e[l X^iXi` [\c gif[lZk\

\ek 8YXe[feXd ej `f XZ [Ë\ogcfk

feXc cc\l ^\e\iXZ` DXeZX [\ i\ `fej X c\j \ogcfkXZ

a~ c kXdXep d`k @eZi\d\ek [\ ej `f XZ [\ c\j \ogcfk ` i\e[`Y`c`kXk

epj [\c \cj [Xii\ij X @eZi\d\ek \e [\ j [`ZX[\j Xj\j [\ gX^ efdYi\ [\ Z Xc kli`jd\ j Zffg\iXk`m\ 8Yj eZ`X [\ kj \e c`d XY \jk [\ Zfejld f \ZkX [\ m\e[X [`i

j ZcXi\j ` \jkiXk ^`hl\ j `\ c e \ [ DXeZX cX gifdfZ` d`e`jkiXk`l X X[ k fi lg j [\ jk`ZX j\Zkfi`Xc kli

[\ c\j [\ ^iXe gXik @efg\i~eZ`X ej `f Z`XZ XZklXcj Xjjf \ jd i` kl \ `Xcj [ f \ej j\Zkfi

\ f]\ikX ZlcXZ` \eki GfZX m`eZle XiZXc fd ` Z i`dfe kli jk`ZX ` gXk

KLI@JD< @ :FD<Ix

ZXZ` [\ GfZX [`m\ij`Ô X^i~i`X cX gif[lZZ`

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Dfck jfm`ek c\j \og\ZkXk`m\j [Ële k\ii`kfi` g\i X Ê[\j\emf$ clgXi$j\Ë \j Z\eki\e \e cX Zfe$ Z\ekiXZ` [\ i\Zlijfj# j\im\`j ` gf[\i Xc Z\eki\# [\jZl`[Xek cX g\i`] i`X# hl\ \e Xhl\jk ZXj [\c Jfcjfe j j i\gi\j\ekX[X g\c d e X^iXi`$iliXc%

<

c Jfcjfe j j le k\ii`kfi` hl\ \j ZXiXZk\i`kqX g\i k\e`i le \c\mXk efdYi\ [\ dXj`\j [`j$ j\d`eX[\j# \c\d\ek `[\ek`kX$ i` ]feXd\ekXc [ËXhl\ccj hl` _` m`m`d% G\i Xhl\jkX i\Xc`kXk# \e \c Zfek\ok XZ$ klXc# gfikX XjjfZ`X[\j dfck\j gifYc\$ d~k`hl\j hl\ [`ÔZlck\e _XY`kXi \e leX qfeX [ËXhl\jk\j ZXiXZk\i jk`hl\j1 _X [\k\id`eXk hl\ \cj j\im\`j g Yc`Zj# lY`$ ZXkj j\^fej Zi`k\i`j liYXej# \j Z\ekiXc`$ kq`e X cX ZXg`kXc ` dfckj [ËXcki\j X Z`lkXkj ]fiX [\ cX ZfdXiZX2 cX Z\ekiXc`kqXZ` Xcj elZc`j liYXej [\ e\Z\jj`kXkj Y~j`hl\j _X XeXk XZfdgXepX[X [\ cX Z\ekiXc`k$ qXZ` [\cj ccfZj [\ ZfdgiX Xl^d\ekXek cX e\Z\jj`kXk [\ [\jgcX Xd\ek \eki\ \c ccfZ fe \j m`l ` Xcc~ fe \j ZfdgiX ` [\ cX f]\ikX [\ ccfZj [\ ki\YXcc `e[ljki`Xc ` [\ j\im\`j%

8hl\jk gXefiXdX _X [`Yl`oXk le k\$ ii`kfi` ZfdXiZXc \d`e\ekd\ek X^i ZfcX hlXj` kfkj \cj fZlgXkj \j [\[`hl\e X cËX^i`ZlckliX# ` [\ dXe\iX \d\i^\ek Xc kli`jd\ g\i XdY elZc`j liYXej Jfc$ jfeX$Fc`lj ` JXek Ccfi\e hl\ XZldl$ c\e kXek i\Zlijfj [ËfZ` Zfd cXYfiXcj# kXek cËXjj`jk eZ`X jXe`k~i`X Zfd cX jfZ`Xc# kXek \c Zfd\i Zfd cË\[lZXZ` jlg\i`fi% yj \e \cj elZc`j iliXcj fe jËX^i\l^\e d j c\j gifYc\d~k`hl\j i\cXk`m\j X cË\em\cc`d\ek ` X cËXck e[\o [\ [\g\e$ [ eZ`X# ` j# Xc_fiX# fe cX [feX [`jgfjX [\ d\epj fgfikle`kXkj% <c k\ii`kfi` X^i $ ZfcX [\ cX ZfdXiZX $d j [\c 0' $ \j [\$ [`ZX hlXj` \oZclj`mXd\ek X cËX^i`ZlckliX Zfem\eZ`feXc ` \jk~ jlYa\Zk\# [feZj# X c\j ^iXej gifYc\d~k`hl\j \jkilZkliXcj [\c j\Zkfi1 d\iZXkj X^i\jj`lj \em\ij \cj g\k`kj gif[lZkfij f kiXej]fidX[fij%

Kfk ` X`o # ` \jg\Z`Xcd\ek Xc efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX# \c kli`jd\ _X XeXk [\jgcX Xek leX X^i`ZlckliX hl\ ef gfk j\i Zfdg\$ k`k`mX \e \c d\iZXk XZklXc% G\i jfm`ek cX [`e~d`ZX hl\ _X Xjjfc`k Xhl\jk kl$ i`jd\ j [ËleX X^i\jj`m`kXk \Zfc ^`ZX ` jfZ`Xc dfck `dgfikXek# XjjfZ`Xk kXek X cX [\dXe[X [ËX`^lX \oZ\jj`mX Zfd X cX gifc`]\iXZ` [\ j\^fe\j i\j`[ e$ Z`\j% CËX^i\jj`m`kXk [ËXhl\jkX k\e[ eZ`X kXdY jËXjjfZ`X X cX gfZX m`eZlcXZ` [\ cX f]\ikX kli jk`ZX X cX i\Xc`kXk [\ cX Zf$ dXiZX# k\e[`ek \e Xc^lej ZXjfj X cX [\j$ m`iklXZ` [\ cX i\Xc`kXk jfZ`Xc ` ZlckliXc [ËXcc~ fe jË`ejkXc×cX% 8hl\jkX k\e[ eZ`X# g\i # \j i\cXZ`feX ]~Z`cd\ek XdY \c [\j$ \eZ j jfZ`Xc ^\e\iXc hl\ \o`jk\`o \em\ij \c d e iliXc [\j [\ c\j gi g`\j g\ijfe\j hl\ _XY`k\e X cX ZfdXiZX Ôej X Xhl\cc\j hl\ efd j _` ]i\h \ek\e %

8hl\jk [\j\eZ j _X Zfeki`Yl k# XjjfZ`Xk X c\j gi`eZ`gXcj dXeZXeZ\j XYXej Zf$ d\ekX[\j# X leX j`klXZ` fe dfckj afm\j $\jg\Z`Xcd\ek [fe\j$ dXio\e [\c j\l gfYc\ g\i X XeXi X m`li\ Xcj elZc`j li$ YXej [\ cX ZfdXiZX f ]fiX [Ë\ccX% 8jjfc`i [\j\emfclgXd\ek Zfdle`kXi` ` jfjk\e`Yc\ j`^e`ÔZX ZXg^`iXi c\j k\e[ e$ Z`\j Xek\i`fij# XeXc`kqXi hl gXjjX \e ZX[X le [\cj ~dY`kj k\d~k`Zj kiXZkXkj# hl`e\j j e c\j ZXlj\j ` c\j Zfej\h e$ Z`\j# ` \e YXj\ X X`o # [\k\ZkXi hl`ej j e \cj gi`eZ`gXcj ~dY`kj [ËXZklXZ` % 8hl\jkj j e \cj i\jlckXkj [\c kXcc\i ^cfYXc i\Xc`kqXk# hl\ Zlcd`e\e \e cX gifgfjkX [Ë~dY`kj \jkiXk ^`Zj hl\# kfk ` gi\j\ekXi$j\ [\ dXe\iX \jg\Z ÔZX \e ZX[X ~dY`k# k\e\e le ZXi~Zk\i ^cfYXc ` jË_Xe [\ ki\YXccXi \e \cj [`]\i\ekj j\Z$ kfij \Zfe d`Zj ` ^ilgj jfZ`Xcj%


$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

HL8C@K8K ;< M@;8 @ J<IM<@J

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

ÈCX fif^iXÔX# cX [`jki`YlZ` ` c\j g\Zlc`Xi`kXkj [\ cX gfYcXZ` [\ ZX[X k\ii`kfi` [\k\id`e\e c\j e\Z\jj`kXkj# \cj j\im\`j ` c\j `e]iX\jkilZkli\j ZfeZi\kj hl\ cX gfYcXZ` [ËXhl\jk k\ii`kfi`# gfYc\ f ZfdXiZX e\Z\jj`kX g\i kXc [\ [\j\emfclgXi$j\ ` ^Xl[`i [ËleX YfeX hlXc`kXk [\ m`[X%%%É $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

CX ZfdXiZX [\c Jfcjfe j# XdY kfkj \cj j\lj ki\kj ^\f^i~ÔZj ` _ldXej# _X [\ j\i le k\ii`kfi` fe kfk\j c\j g\ijfe\j jË_` gl^l`e ^lXepXi cX m`[X ` gl^l`e ^Xl[`i [ËleX `^lXckXk [Ëfgfikle`kXkj g\i [\j\emfclgXi$j\% <e \c gi\j\ek glek# [\[`ZXk X cË~dY`k [\cj J\im\`j# cX @e[ jki`X ` cX HlXc`kXk [\ m`[X# ]Xi\d i\]\i eZ`X kXek X c\j fgfikle`kXkj hl\ e\Z\jj`k\e c\j g\ijfe\j g\i Zi `o\i \e \c k\ii\ep g\ijfeXc ` Zfdle`kXi`# Zfd X cX k\d~k`ZX [\cj j\im\`j Y~j`Zj hl\ kfk k\ii`kfi` _X [Ëf]\i`i Xcj j\lj _XY`kXekj1 \[lZXZ` # jXe`kXk# j\im\`j jfZ`Xcj# Xk\eZ` X cX ^\ek ^iXe# `e]iX\jkilZkli\j# Zfdle`ZXZ` # [\jgcX Xd\ekj ` efm\j k\Zefcf^`\j% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

<

eZXiX hl\ j Z\ik hl\ \e \cj c$ k`dj Xepj _X Zi\jZlk efkXYc\$ d\ek cX [\dXe[X [\ d~ [ËfYiX \e \c j\Zkfi j\im\`j $ZfeZi\kX$ d\ek \e \c kli`jd\ ` cË_fjkXc\i`X$ ` hl\ Xhl\jkX \e YfeX gXik \jk~ ZfY\ikX g\i [fe\j# cX dXafi gXik [\ cX [\dXe[X cXYfiXc \e cËX^i`ZlckliX# cX `e[ jki`X `

cX ZfejkilZZ` Zfek`elX \jj\ek gi`e$ Z`gXcd\ek i\j\imX[X Xcj _fd\j% 8 d j# ZXc k\e`i gi\j\ek hl\ \e Xc^lej ZXjfj Z\ik\j XZk`m`kXkj kli jk`hl\j j e Zfdgc\$ d\ek~i`\j [\ cX i\e[X gi`eZ`gXc [\ cX ]X$ d c`X# ZfjX hl\ gifmfZX hl\ ef \o`jk\`o` leX Xlk ek`ZX gif]\jj`feXc`kqXZ` g\c hl\ ]X X cX [feX [`ej \c j\Zkfi kli jk`Z%

<c ]\k [\ hl\ X m\^X[\j ef \j Zfii\j$ gfe^l` \c k`glj [Ë\jkl[`j ZlijXkj XdY \c k`glj [Ëf]\ik\j [\ ki\YXcc ]X hl\ cX [feX \eZXiX _f k`e^l` d j Zfdgc`ZXk g\i hl\$ [Xi$j\ X m`li\ X cX ZfdXiZX% CX \eZXiX YX`oX `dgcXekXZ` [\ c\j efm\j k\Zefcf$ ^`\j Zfd @ek\ie\k Xcj dle`Z`g`j [`jg\i$ jfj j le ]XZkfi Z\ekiXc# aX hl\ gf[i`X Xcc\l^\i`i c\j [`ÔZlckXkj hl\ cX [`jk~e$ Z`X f cËX ccXd\ek ^\f^i~ÔZ Zfdgfik\e# ` kXdY gfjj`Y`c`kXi`X efm\j ] idlc\j [\ ki\YXcc hl\ gf[i`\e Xal[Xi X ZfeZ`c`Xi cX m`[X cXYfiXc ` ]Xd`c`Xi [\ cX [feX% 8hl\jkX j leX j`klXZ` hl\ ef Xal[X X ]XZ`c`kXi c\j Zfj\j Xc Zfc×c\Zk`l [\ [f$ e\j# ` [\ dXe\iX \jg\Z ÔZX Xc Zfc×c\Zk`l [\ [fe\j iliXcj% :Xlj\j Zfd Xhl\jk\j# X`o Zfd \c gi`eZ`g` [Ë_\i eZ`X YXjXk \e cË_\i\l \e cX kiX[`Z` X^i~i`X# f \c ]\k hl\ _X^` [\ j\i cX [feX hl` jlgfikX \c ifc [fd jk`Z# Xjj`jk\eZ`Xc ` [\ dXi\# [\jZi`l Z\ikX [\j`^lXckXk \eki\ ^ e\$ i\j hl\ [\`oX gXc\jX leX ZcXiX dXeZX [Ëfgfikle`kXkj g\i X cX [feX X cX Zf$ dXiZX hl\ jËX^i\laX \eZXiX d j g\i X cX [feX iliXc%

ÈEf _` _X leX `^lXckXk [Ëfgfikle`kXkj g\i X cX [feX g\c hl\ ]X X cËXZZ j Xc d e cXYfiXc% CX dXafi`X [\ ]\`e\j \jkXe dfck dXjZlc`e`kqX[\j ` cX [feX jË_X [\ i\]l^`Xi \e \c j\Zkfi j\im\`j% J` X d j \kj [feX iliXc f afm\ \eZXiX _f k\ej d j Zfdgc`ZXk%%%É CË`dgXZk\ XdY`\ekXc j le \c\d\ek hl\ Zi\X Zfekifm ij`X \e leX gfYcXZ` ZX[X Zfg d j j\ej`Y`c`kqX[X \ekfie X cX Zfej\imXZ` [\c gXki`dfe` eXkliXc ` ZlckliXc [\ cX ZfdXiZX% =XZkfij Zfd Xc^le\j gi~Zk`hl\j `ek\ej`m\j Xgc`ZX$ [\j \e \c j\Zkfi X^i ZfcX# kli jk`Z ` gif$ [lZk`l j e jfm`ek \c\d\ekj X^i\jj`lj g\c k\ii`kfi` hl\ \ogc`hl\e [`k `dgXZ$ k\ XdY`\ekXc% 8 [`k\j gi~Zk`hl\j ZXc X]\^`i$_` cX gi\jj` liYXe jk`ZX hl\ \j [ eX gi`eZ`gXcd\ek Xc efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX XdY leX XckX gifc`]\iXZ` [\ j\^fe\j i\j`[ eZ`\j% <e Xc^lej ZXjfj# gcXe\aXd\ekj liYXe jk`Zj gfZ iXZ`f$ eXcj f d`ej\j efid\j jlYj`[`~i`\j hl\ i\^lc\e cË j [\c j c Xcj dle`Z`g`j#

_Xe g\id j `dglcjXi gifa\Zk\j YXjXkj \e Xhl\jkj df[\cj `ek\ej`lj hl\ jf$ m`ek ef _Xe mXcfiXk \cj Zfjkfj XdY`\e$ kXcj hl\ Xhl\jk\j gi~Zk`hl\j jlgfj\e jfYi\ \c d\[`%

ÈJË_Xe `dglcjXk gifa\Zk\j hl\# kfk ` hl\ [Ë\ekiX[X \j ZfeZ\Y\e Zfd X dfkfi [\ [`eXd`jd\ \Zfe d`Z# X cX ccXi^X gf[\e gXjjXi leX ]XZkliX \Zfc ^`ZX d j ^iXe hl\ \cj gifg`j Y\e\ÔZ`j hl\ _X i\gfikXk cËXZk`m`kXk% DXjjX jfm`ek ZX`\d \e \c iXfeXd\ek hl\ cX ZfejkilZZ` f fY\ikliX [\ kXc `e]iX\jkilZkliX gfikXi~ m`[X Xc gfYc\ ` [`eXd`jd\ \Zfe d`Z# g\i \c hl\ ef m\`\d j hl\ \jk\d _`gfk\ZXek \c efjki\ \ekfie ` \c [\cj efjki\j Ôccj%%%É <e le j\ek`k [`]\i\ek# cX dXeZX [\ efi$ dXk`m\j liYXe jk`hl\j $jfYi\kfk \e \cj g\k`kj dle`Z`g`j$ j kXdY leX ZXljX [\ g\j X cË_fiX [\ ZfeZ\Yi\ fe jËlY`ZX cX `e[ jki`X ` \c ki\YXcc X cX ZfdXiZX# gi`eZ`gXcd\ek Z\ekiXc`kqXk \e \c Y`efd` JfcjfeX Æ Fc`lj% <c ]\k [\ hl jfm`ek ef \o`jk\`o`e Xhl\jk\j efidXk`m\j liYX$ e jk`hl\j \e \cj g\k`kj dle`Z`g`j [`Ô$ ZlckX c\j gfjj`Yc\j `e`Z`Xk`m\j X cË_fiX [\ g\ejXi \e \c ]lkli [\j\emfclgX$ d\ek [\cj elZc`j [`jg\ijfj% CX dXeZX [Ë`e]iX\jkilZkli\j Zfd @ek\ie\k XZXYX [\ Zfejfc`[Xi cX [`ÔZlckXk g\i i\gcXe$ k\aXi efm\j ]fid\j [\ ki\YXcc ` d`iXi [\ jlXm`kqXi \c ]\efd\e [\ cX ZfeZ\ekiX$ Z` [\ cX `e[ jki`X ` \c ki\YXcc%

È<c gifYc\dX [\cj g\k`kj dle`Z`g`j j hl\ \jk~j Zfe[\deXk X cË`ddfY`c`jd\% Ef gfkj ]\i i\j# ef gfkj kfZXi i\j%%% Kfk j j c i jk`Z ` g\i kXek dfck\j `e`Z`Xk`$ m\j \j m\l\e ]iljkiX[\j% Ef j hl\ mfc$ ^l\d le GFLD g\i kXc [\ [fYcXi c\j ZXj\j f cX gfYcXZ` [\c dle`Z`g`# g\i le GFLD i\Xc`kqXk iXZ`feXcd\ek gf[i`X j\im`i g\i fYi`i efm\j m`\j [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek% <j gf[i`X dlekXi# g\i \o\dgc\# le g\k`k kXcc\i\k d\Z~e`Z f [\ Zfe]\ZZ` hl\ [fe j ]\`eX X Z`eZ f j`j g\ijfe\j [ËXhl Xc gfYc\%%%%É

GI@E:@G8CJ GIF9C<DÁK@HL<J @ =FIK8C<J<J <JKÁ 8 C<J EFJKI<J D8EJ

DXeZX [Ëfgfikle`kXkj g\i X cX [feX iliXc

@dgXZk\ XdY`\ekXc

@E=CL<E:@89C<

;`ÔZlckXk g\ihl \cj afm\j \j hl\[`e X m`li\ X cX ZfdXiZX

:\ekiXc`kqXZ` [\ cX `e[ jki`X ` \c ki\YXcc

D<EPJ @E=CL<E:@89C<

;`ÔZlckXk g\i m`li\ \e le _XY`kXk [`jg\ij ` iliXc

GI@E:@G8CJ <C<D<EKJ :8LJ8CJ <JKÁ 8 C<J EFJKI<J D8EJ

DXeZX [\ j\im\`j ` `e]iX\jkilZkli\j X[\hlXkjX cX i\Xc`kXk [`jg\ijX [\ cX ZfdXiZX

<cj afm\j j e kXdY le ^ilg j\ej`$ Yc\ X cË_fiX [\ ZfeZ\Yi\ leX `^lXckXk [Ëfgfikle`kXkj g\i X kfkj \cj Zfc×c\Zk`lj% CX dXeZX [Ëf]\ikX [Ë\jkl[`j jlg\i`fij hl\ Zfe[`Z`feX hl\ \cj afm\j _X^`e [\ dXioXi X \jkl[`Xi ]fiX gfk j\i le ]XZkfi [\ i`jZ j` [\jgi j Xhl\jkj afm\j ef gf$ [\e kifYXi ]\`eX [\c hl\ _Xe \jkl[`Xk X cX ZfdXiZX% J` X d j jËX]\^\`o X Xhl\jk ]\k cX gifYc\d~k`ZX [\ cË_XY`kXk^\ $kXek g\c hl\ ]X X cËXc X [\ gi\lj Zfd Xc ]\k [\ hl\ \e dfckj elZc`j iliXcj ef \j gfk Zfejkil`i [\^lk X cX dXeZX [\ gcXe\aX$ d\ek liYXe jk`Z$ jfm`ek \c afm\ \j m\l ]fi Xk X YljZXi c\j j\m\j fgfikle`kXkj [\ m`[X \e Xcki\j `e[i\kj cclep [\c j\l dle`Z`g`% 8`o gifmfZX le of[\ \d`$ e\ekd\ek iliXc [\ g\ijfe\j afm\j ZXg X JfcjfeX f Xcki\j Z`lkXkj% ßof[\ hl\ \j m\l aljk`ÔZXk [\^lk X cX [`ÔZlckXk g\i gXik [\cj afm\j [\ hl\[Xi$j\ X m`li\ X cX ZfdXiZX%

È:fd\eZ\j XeXek X \jkl[`Xi X Cc\`[X f 9XiZ\cfeX g\ihl \c hl mfcj \jkl[`Xi ef _f gfkj ZlijXi Xhl # g\i X cË_fiX [\ YljZXi ]\`eX kËX[fe\j hl\ X cX ZfdXiZX ef _` _X f]\ikX cXYfiXc [ËXcc hl\ _Xj \jkl[`Xk% 8`o XZXY\j m`m`ek ]fiX \eki\ j\kdXeX ` Xc ZXg [\ j\kdXeX gl^\j ZXg Xhl [Xck% J` ef ]fj g\i cX ]Xd c`X hlXj` j\i`X Zfd j` ]fjj`j le kli`jkX d j%%%É :Xc [\jkXZXi# \e ck`dX `ejk~eZ`X# c\j [`ÔZlckXkj hl\ jlgfjX \c ]\k [\ m`li\ \e le _XY`kXk [`jj\d`eXk ` [`jg\ij% ;`ÔZlckXkj hl\ \j [fe\e gi`eZ`gXcd\ek g\i cËX ccXd\ek ` cX [`jg\ij` [\ cX m`[X \e dXj`\j% <j kifYX X ]XckXi gi`eZ`gXc$ d\ek leX oXioX [\ j\im\`j X[\hlXkj Xc k\ii`kfi` iliXc% 8 d j [\c [ ÔZ`k ^\e\iXc [\ j\im\`j X cX ZfdXiZX ZXc X]\^`i$_` cX ZfeZ\ekiX$ Z` [\cj gi`eZ`gXcj j\im\`j Xcj elZc`j [\ JfcjfeX ` JXek Ccfi\e # ]\k hl\ gifmf$ ZX leX ]fikX [\g\e[ eZ`X ZXg Xcj ^iXej elZc`j [\ gfYcXZ` % 8hl\jkX ZfeZ\ekiX$ Z` $hl\ \j [ eX kXek \e \cj j\im\`j Zfd \e cX `e[ jki`X f \cj \jkXYc`d\ekj Zf$ d\iZ`Xcj$ fYc`^X X i\Xc`kqXi le Xck efd$ Yi\ [\ [\jgcX Xd\ekj hl\ jË\]\Zkl\e \e cX dXafi`X [\cj ZXjfj \e kiXejgfik gi`$ mXk# [\^lk kXdY \e gXik X hl cX oXioX [\ kiXejgfik g Yc`Z \eki\ dle`Z`g`j j ]fi X [\ÔZ`\ek% ;`kX ZfeZ\ekiXZ` XZXYX dXiZXek \c kXiXee~ [`Xi` [\ dfck\j g\ijfe\j hl\ _XY`k\e \e \cj dle`Z`g`j g\i`] i`Zj ` hl\ g\i le dfk`l f Xcki\ XZXY\e gXj$ jXek YXjkXek jfm`ek g\i JfcjfeX f JXek Ccfi\e % :Xc [\jkXZXi kXdY cX `e\o`j$ k eZ`X [Ë_fjg`kXc X JfcjfeX ` \c gif^i\j$ j`l \em\cc`d\ek [\ cX gfYcXZ` Zfd X gifYc\d~k`hl\j ^\e\iXc`kqX[\j X kfkX cX ZfdXiZX% 8hl\jkX ck`dX# XdY dX$ afi X]\ZkXZ` ` gifYc\d\j [\ [\g\e[ e$ Z`X d j ^i\lj \e \c ZXj [\ ]Xd c`\j hl\ m`l\e \e dXj`\j f elZc`j X ccXkj%

ÈJ` m`lj \e leX dXj`X X ccX[X# k\ej ZXeXccX ` m`lj XdY \cj Xm`j# aX hlXj` Y ef ZXc hl\ ]XZ`j i\j d j% <k gXjj\j kfk \c [`X ]\ek m`Xk^\j XdY \c Zfko\ Xdlek ` XmXcc# f gfikXek \cj eXefj X JfcjfeX# f g\e[\ek [\ gfikXi cËXm` Xc :8G g\i cX m`j`kX [\c d\k^\# f XeXek X ]\i cX ZfdgiX j\kdXeXc%%%É

@E=CL<E:@89C<

Gif^i\jj`mX g\if \eZXiX YX`oX `dgcXekXZ` [\ c\j K@:ËJ

Ef Zfii\jgfe$ [ eZ`X \eki\ ]fidXZ` ` fZlgXZ`

8l^d\ek [\ j\^fe\j i\j`[ eZ`\j

DXeZX [\ efm\j f XZklXc`kqX[\j efidXk`m\j liYXe jk`hl\j

<o`jk eZ`X [\ gi~Zk`$ hl\j X^i Zfc\j# gif$ [lZk`m\j ` kli jk`hl\j `ek\ej`m\j

DXeZX [\ efidXk`m\j liYXe jk`hl\j hl\ g\id\k`e Z\ik [\j\e$ mfclgXe\k [\cj g\k`kj dle`Z`g`j

@e\o`jk eZ`X [Ë_fjg`kXc X JfcjfeX $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

D<EPJ @E=CL<E:@89C<

DXjZlc`e`kqXZ` [\ cËf]\ikX cXYfiXc

8l^d\ek [\cj gi\lj [\ cË_XY`kXk^\

DXeZX [Ëf]\ikX [Ë\jkl[`j jlg\i`fij%

<cj afm\j _Xe [\ dXioXi X \jkl[`Xi ]fiX%

<em\cc`d\ek [\ cX gfYcXZ`

8 cË\jhl\dX X[alek _` Ô^li\e c\j gi`eZ`gXcj ZXlj\j ` c\j gi`eZ`gXcj Zfej\h eZ`\j jfYi\ \c j\Zkfi [\ hlXc`kXk [\ m`[X ` j\im\`j [\c Jfcjfe j# X`o Zfd c\j i\cXZ`fej [`i\Zk\j hl\ jË\jkXYc\`o\e \eki\ \cc\j% Ef fYjkXek# ZXc k\e`i \e Zfdgk\ hl\ _` _X i\cXZ`fej `e[`i\Zk\j `# hl\ `ek\im\e\e Xcki\j ]XZkfij% 8hl\jkj# g\i # ef \j dfjki\e X cË\jhl\dX XdY cX `ek\eZ` [\ ]\i$cf d j \ek\e\[fi%


$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

GI@E:@G8CJ ÁD9@KJ <JKI8Kß>@:J <cj i\jlckXkj \oki\kj [\c gXjjXk kXcc\i [\ gXik`Z`gXZ` i\Õ\o\e leX j i`\ [\ gifYc\d~k`hl\j \ekfie Xc k\dX [\cj j\im\`j ` cX hlXc`kXk [\ m`[X hl\# Zfek\oklXc`kqX[\j alekXd\ek XdY c\j j\m\j gi`eZ`gXcj ZXlj\j# \ej j\im\`o\e Zfd X \c\d\ek \ogc`ZXk`l [\ c\j gi`eZ`gXcj dXeZXeZ\j hl\ gXk\`o cX ZfdXiZX% K\e`ek \e Zfdgk\ hl\ ^X`i\Y kfk\j c\j Z`eZ ^iXej gifYc\d~k`hl\j hl\ _Xe jfik`k gi`fi`kqX[\j \e \c kXcc\i _Xe \jkXk j`klX[\j \e le glek [Ë`eÕl eZ`X jfYi\ \c hl\ \j gfk `eZ`[`i È\jk~ X c\j efjki\j dXej f j `eÕl\eZ`XYc\É X`o \ej [ eX cX fgfikle`kXk [\ g\ejXi \e [`]\i\ekj gifgfjk\j f ~dY`kj \jkiXk ^`Zj `e`Z`Xcj hl\ gf[i`\e j\i k`cj g\i X d`e`d`kqXi [`k\j gifYc\d~k`hl\j% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ GFK<E:@8:@ä ;<C J<IM<@ <;L:8K@L $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Gfk\eZ`XZ` [\ cË\jZfcX iliXc Zfd X \c\d\ek `ek\^iX[fi ` [`eXd`kqX$ [fi [\c k\ii`kfi` ` \cj g\k`kj dle`$ Z`g`j% ;`m\ij`ÔZXZ` [Ë\jkl[`j d`kaXej ` jlg\i`fij hl\ k`e^l`e \e Zfdgk\ Zi`k\i`j [Ë`^lXckXk [\ ^ e\i\# `^lXckXk ]fidXk`mX \e [`]\i\ekj \[Xkj ` cX Zfii\jgfe[ eZ`X \eki\ ]fidXZ` ` gfjk\i`fi XZZ j Xc d e cXYfiXc% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(

8hl\jk gi`d\i ~dY`k \jkiXk ^`Z XZklX$ i`X \e [`m\ijfj ]ifekj% <e gi`d\i ccfZ# cX gfk\eZ`XZ` [\c gXg\i [\ cË\jZfcX il$ iXc j aX XZklXcd\ek le j\im\` hl\ XZklX Zfd X [`eXd`kqX[fi ` Zf_\j`feX[fi [\c k\ii`kfi`# X gXik [ËXal[Xi X ]\i cX m`[X \e \cj elZc`j [`jg\ijfj leX d`ZX d j cc\l$ ^\iX# i\[l`ek [\jgcX Xd\ekj Ôej Xcj ^iXej elZc`j [\ gfYcXZ` ` dXek\e`ek le dle`Z`g` m`l \e hlXek X i\cXZ`fej jf$ Z`Xcj \eki\ m\ ej hl\ jfm`ek m`l\e cclep \cj lej [\cj Xcki\j% CX gifgfjkX i\]\i\ek X cX [`m\ij`ÔZXZ` ` Xdgc`XZ` [\ cX f]\ikX [Ë\jkl[`j d`kaXej ` jlg\i`fij hl\ \j gf^l\jj`e ZlijXi X cX ZfdXiZX j\i`X k`c g\i Xdgc`Xi \c m\e$ kXcc [Ëfgfikle`kXkj g\i Xcj Zfc×c\Zk`lj [\ [fe\j# X[lckj ` afm\j% G\i X Xhl\jkj ck`dj d`e`d`kqXi`X \e Xc^lej ZXjfj \c ]\k [\ hl\ Xc^lej afm\j _X^`e [\ dXioXi X \jkl[`Xi ]fiX# ` k\e`ek \e Zfdgk\ \cj Zi`k\i`j \jd\ekXkj d`ccfiXi`X cX Zfii\j$ gfe[ eZ`X \eki\ ]fidXZ` ` fZlgXZ` X cX ZfdXiZX%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ :I<8:@ä F 8;8GK8:@ä ;ËLE8 O8IO8 ;< J<IM<@J 8;<HL8KJ 8C K<II@KFI@ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 8[\hlXZ` [\ cX oXioX [\ j\im\`j X cX i\Xc`kXk [\c k\ii`kfi` [`jj\d`eXk ` [`jg\ij [\c Jfcjfe j% :i\XZ` [ËleX efmX oXioX [\ kiXejgfik X[XgkXk ` jfjk\e`Yc\ X[XgkXk X cX gfYcXZ` ` \c k\ii`kfi`% :i\XZ` [Ële j\im\` [\ ^\jk` [\ i\Zlijfj kXek eXkliXcj Zfd ZlckliXcj% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

)

<c ki\YXcc \e Xhl\jkX c e`X j\i`X dfck Yf g\i kXc [\ ki\eZXi XdY cX gifYc\d~k`ZX [\ ZfeZ\ekiXZ` [\ j\im\`j ` i\Zlijfj Xcj gi`eZ`gXcj elZc`j [\ gfYcXZ` % CX Zi\XZ` [Ële efl df[\c [\ oXioX [\ j\im\`j d j Õ\o`Yc\ ` XZfdgXepX[X [Ële j`jk\dX [\ kiXejgfik gfc`mXc\ek d`e`d`$ kqXi`X Xc^le\j [`ÔZlckXkj i\cXZ`feX[\j XdY \c ]\k [\ m`li\ \e le _~Y`kXk [`jg\ij ` [ËXcki\j i\cXZ`feX[\j XdY cË\em\cc`d\ek [\ cX gfYcXZ` ` c\j gifYc\d~k`hl\j Xj$ jfZ`X[\j [\ cX [\g\e[ eZ`X% 8c j\l kfie Xhl\jkX gifgfjkX gf[i`X \j[\m\e`i leX fgfikle`kXk ]fidXk`mX f cXYfiXc g\i X Zfc×c\Zk`lj ZfeZi\kj Zfd XiX cX [feX iliXc %

G8><J@8

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;@M<IJ@=@:8:@ä ;< C8 @E;èJKI@8 @ <C KI<98CC $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ <jk`dlcXZ` [\ efm\j gi~Zk`hl\j XjjfZ`Xk`m\j f Zffg\iXk`m`jk\j hl\ k`e^l`e \e Zfdgk\ c\j efm\j ]fid\j [\ ki\YXcc% M`eZlcXZ` [ËXhl\jkX efmX `e[ jki`X X cX kiXej]fidXZ` [\ gif[lZk\ cfZXc ` Xc j\Zkfi kli jk`Z% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

*

8hl\jk ~dY`k j\i`X hl\cZfd \jkiXk ^`Z g\i kXc [\ d`e`d`kqXi cX Z\ekiXc`kqXZ` \o`jk\ek \e cX `e[ jki`X ` \cj ccfZj [\ ki\YX$ cc% ;fkXi`X [\ efm\j fgfikle`kXkj [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek Xcj dle`Z`g`j g\i`$ ] i`Zj ` j\i`X k`c \e \c j\ek`k [\ ZfeZ\Yi\ ` gfjXi X gifmX efm\j ]fid\j [\ ki\YXcc YXjX[\j \e gi~Zk`hl\j Zffg\iXk`m`jk\j f Xcki\j ] idlc\j [\ ki\YXcc X [`jk~eZ`X jfi^`[\j [\ cX `dgcXekXZ` [Ë@ek\ie\k ` c\j efm\j k\Zefcf^`\j%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =FD<EK8I C8 @>L8CK8K ;< >ßE<I< K8EK <E <C J<EK@K =FID8K@L :FD C89FI8C% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ KXek \e \c j\ek`k ]fidXk`l Zfd cXYfiXc% @dgfik~eZ`X [ËXgc`ZXi efm\j gi~Z$ k`hl\j [`m\ij`ÔZX[\j hl\ g\id\k`e le dXafi m\ekXcc [\ gfjj`Y`c`kXkj cXYfiXcj g\i X cX [feX ` hl\ gl^l`e ZfeZ`c`Xi cX m`[X cXYfiXc ` ]Xd`c`Xi% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

+

<c ki\YXcc \e Xhl\jkX c e`X gXjjXi`X g\i [li X k\id\ XZZ`fej hl\ d`e`d`kq\jj`e c\j gifYc\$ d~k`hl\j [\ ]fidXZ` ` XZZ j Xc d e cXYfiXc hl\ m`l cX [feX ` cX [`] Z`c ZfeZ`c`XZ` \eki\ \cj [`]\i\ekj ifcj hl\ Xjjld\`o Zfd X dXi\# Zl`$ [X[fiX# ` ki\YXccX[fiX% CËXgc`ZXZ` [\ c\j efm\j gi~Zk`hl\j [\ k\c\ki\YXcc f [ËleX c\^`jcXZ` [ËXik\jXe`X Xc`d\ek~i`X gfjj`Y`c`jkX gf[i`\e j\i k`cj g\i kXc [\ d`e`d`kqXi cX `eZfdgXk`$ Y`c`kXk \o`jk\ek \eki\ \cj [`]\i\ekj ifcj hl\ cX [feX Xjjld\`o%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ EFL D8I: ;< GFCàK@HL<J Gè9C@HL<J ;ËLI98E@JD< @ ?89@K8K>< $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 8dY cËfYa\Zk`l [\ ÔoXi ^\ek Xc k\ii`$ kfi`# hl\ i\^lc`e ` ^XiXek\`o`e \c [i\k X cËXZZ j X cË_XY`kXk^\ [\ cX gfYcXZ` d j afm\ ` hl\ `eZ\ek`m`e cËXii`YX[X [\ ]Xd c`\j afm\j \e \[Xk [\ k\e`i Ôccj% :i\XZ` [\ eflj gcXej liYXe jk`Zj jfYi\ le Zi`k\i` [\ iXZ`feXc`kXk hl\ i\^lc`e \cj ljfj [\c j c \e hlXek X j\^fe\j i\j`[ eZ`\j% :Xc hl\ k`e^l`e \e Zfdgk\ \cj Zi`k\i`j [\ jfjk\e`Y`c`kXk jfZ`Xc ` XdY`\ekXc Y~j`Zj g\i X le ]lkli [\j\emfclgX$ d\ek ZfdXiZXc d j Zfdle`kXi` ` jfjk\e`Yc\% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

,

Le efl dXiZ [\ gfc k`hl\j \e liYXe`jd\ ` _XY`kXk^\ d j ZfejZ`\ek ` i\jg\Zkl j XdY \c d\[` iXZ`feXc`kqXi`X \e YfeX d\jliX cË\ogXej` liYXe jk`ZX hl\ jË\jk~ [feXek Xc efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX ` ]i\eXi`X cË`dgXZk\ XdY`\ekXc hl\ j\Ëe [\i`mX% 8c j\l kfie X`o gfk\eZ`Xi`X le efl k`glj [\ df[\c kli jk`Z ` [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek d j jfjk`e$ ^lk ` i\jg\Zkl j hl\ Xl^d\ekXi`X cX mXcf$ iXZ` jfZ`Xc [\ cË\ekfie% 8 d j# c\^`jcXi \e ]Xmfi [\c Zfc×c\Zk`l afm\ Xl^d\ekXi`X c\j fgfikle`kXkj [\cj afm\j g\i X hl\[Xi$j\ X m`li\ X cX ZfdXiZX ` `ejkXc×cXi$_` cX j\mX i\j`[ eZ`X# cX hlXc ZfjX \jkXi`X ÔoXek ^\ek afm\ Xc k\ii`kfi`# \c\d\ek `dgfikXek k\e`ek \e Zfdgk\ cËXZklXc e[\o [Ë\em\cc`d\ek% @ Xc dXk\`o k\dgj# Zfe[`Z` `e[`jg\ejXYc\ g\i X dXek\e`i \c [`eXd`jd\ [\ cX ZfdXi$ ZX \e le ]lkli ef dXjjX cclep~%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

<c j\Zkfi X^iXi` j le ~dY`k ]fikXd\ek ZXjk`^Xk g\i c\j Zfe$ j\h eZ`\j e\^Xk`m\j [\ c\j gfc k`hl\j [\ d\iZXk XZklXc ` g\i leX YX`oX mXcfiXZ` jfZ`Xc [\ cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X% <e leX ZfdXiZX fe cËfZlgXZ` X^i~i`X j gi\[fd`eXek \e hlXj` kfkj \cj dle`Z`g`j \oZ\gk\ JXek Ccfi\e ` JfcjfeX ZXc Z\iZXi efm\j \jkiXk ^`\j hl\ d`e`d`kq`e cË\]\Zk\ e\^Xk`l [\ cX ^cfYXc`$ kqXZ` \Zfe d`ZX f [\j`^lXckXk [\ gf[\i # cX gfZX i\e[`Y`c`kXk [\ c\j \ogcfkXZ`fej ` \c j\l Zfej\h \ek XYXe[feXd\ek% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

C<J :FEJ<H|ßE:@<J E<>8K@M<J ;< C<J GFCàK@$ HL<J ;< D<I:8K 8:KL8C $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

È=Xck\e `e`Z`Xk`m\j g\i X [\j$ m`eZlcXi$j\ [\ cËXZklXc gfc k`ZX X^i~i`XÉ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ CX ^cfYXc`kqXZ` \Zfe d`ZX ` cX c`Y\iXc`$ kqXZ` [\c d\iZXk X^iXi` _Xe [\k\id`eXk [`m\ij\j j`klXZ` ej [\ [\j`^lXckXk ` XY j [\ gf[\i1 \eki\ \cj ^iXej ` \cj g\k`kj gif$ [lZkfij2 \eki\ gif[lZZ`fej [\ [`]\i\ekj i\^`fej2 ` \eki\ \cj [`]\i\ekj XZkfij hl\ `ek\im\e\e \e \c j\Zkfi X^iXi` gi`eZ`$ gXcd\ek \eki\ gif[lZkfij ` `ek\^iX[f$ i\j# ` \eki\ gif[lZkfij ` cX ^iXe X^if`e$ [ jki`X hl\ _X [\jgcX Xk X cX cfZXc %

È:Xc\e \jZfioX[fij g Yc`Zj ` cfZXcj# i\Zlg\iXi cX `e[ jki`X kiXej]fidX[fiX c`hl`[X[X% 8YXej _` _Xm`X (, f )' j\iiX[fi\j Xc efi[ ` dfckX `e[ jki`X [\ g`ejf%%% 8iX# \c Zfdgi\d [\ ]fiXÉ% 8hl\jkj \]\Zk\j e\^Xk`lj [\ cX ^cfYXc`$ kqXZ` \Zfe d`ZX _Xe [\k\id`eXk lej gi\lj `ealjkfj g\i Xc gif[lZkfi# hl\ ZX[X m\^X[X k\e[\`o d j X cX gif[lZZ` [\ ^\e i`Zj ` i\ZXgkX d\epj mXcfi X]\^`k% G\c dXk\`o dfk`l jË`dgfik\e gif[lZk\j [\cj hl\ cX ZfdXiZX aX [`jgfjX# ` \o`jk\`o leX [\g\e[ eZ`X Xcj e`m\ccj jlg\i`fij [\ cX ZX[\eX X^ifXc`d\ek~i`X ` leX Zfe$ j\h \ek `ejlÔZ`\ek i\e[`Y`c`kXk [\ cX gif[lZZ` X^i~i`X%

È<jk\d \e le Zfek\ok [ËX^i\jj`m`kXk [\c d\iZXk ` [ËXY j [\ gf[\i [\cj Ê^iXejË %É È>iXej \dgi\j\j [\c k\ii`kfi` mXe X ZfdgiXi gif[lZk\ gi`dXi` X =iXe X X dXafi gi\l hl\ \c [ËXhl g\i X \e]fejXi \cj d\iZXkj cfZXcj%É 8hl\cc\j \ogcfkXZ`fej [\ cX ZfdXiZX hl\ ef _Xe gf^lk Xjjfc`i le d e`d [\

i\e[`Y`c`kXk \Zfe d`ZX _Xe _X^lk [\ Zfdgc\d\ekXi cX i\e[X XdY Xcki\j XZk`$ m`kXkj \Zfe d`hl\j f _Xe [\jXgXi\^lk% Kfk ` X`o cX jlg\i] Z`\ X^i~i`X \e ^\e\$ iXc _X [`jd`el k gfZ# aX hl\ c\j \ogcf$ kXZ`fej hl\ \j dXek\e\e Xl^d\ek\e [\ kXdXep ` kXdY [\ i\e[`Y`c`kXk kfkXc# jfYi\kfk Xc jl[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX% G\i Xc efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX# fe \cj Zfjkfj [\ gif[lZZ` \e \c Zfek\ok [\ cc`li\ d\i$ ZXk j e d j \c\mXkj# jË`ek\ej`ÔZX kXek cËXYXe[feXd\ek [Ë\ogcfkXZ`fej Zfd cX g i[lX [ËfZlgXkj X^iXi`j%

ÈC\j ZXiXZk\i jk`hl\j [\c k\ii`kf$ i` [\c efi[ ]X hl\ dfck\j `em\i$ j`fej ef j`^l`e XkiXZk`m\j g\i \o\dgc\# c\j `ek\^iX[fi\j [\c j\Zkfi gfiZ % :Xc\e XZZ`fej g\i [\jdXiZXi$j\ [\c d\iZXk X^iXi` c`Y\iXc`kqXkÉ% Ef \j gfk fYc`[Xi# g\i # hl\ \cj ]XZkfij Xek\i`fij jËX^i\l^\e hlXe \j k\e\e \e Zfdgk\ c\j \c\mX[\j [\jg\j\j \e cX ^\j$ k` YlifZi~k`ZX [\ cË\ogcfkXZ` X^i~i`X% CX dXeZX [Ë`e`Z`Xk`m\j XjjfZ`Xk`m\j \e cX gif[lZZ` _X X^i\laXk cX dXeZX [\ gf[\i [\cj gif[lZkfij ` cX jlYd`jj` X c\j ^iXej ZXlj\j Xek\i`fij% KXdY i\]fi X cX j`klXZ` Xek\i`fi cX dXe$ ZX [Ë`e`Z`Xk`m\j [\c gif[lZkfi g\i X \dgi\e[i\ \jkiXk ^`\j [\ m\e[X [`$ i\ZkX f Z`iZl`kj Zlikj [\ Zfd\iZ`Xc`$ kqXZ` # X`o Zfd g\i `ek\ekXi [\jdXi$ ZXi$j\ [\ cX gfc k`ZX \lifg\X XZklXc# hl\ g\id\ki`X \jkXYc`i lej gi\lj [\c gif[lZk\ X^iXi` d j aljkfj% Jfm`ek# Xhl\jk ]\k j i\]fi Xk g\i cË\em\cc`d\ek [\cj fZlgXkj X^iXi`j d j `ek\ej Xc efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX ` cË\jkilZkliX \d`e\ek$ d\ek ]Xd`c`Xi [\ c\j \ogcfkXZ`fej# ]XZ$ kfij hl\ [\k\id`e\e cX ZfejX^iXZ` [\ gi~Zk`hl\j X^i Zfc\j hl\ j\dgi\ jË_Xe [lk X k\id\# c`d`kXek kXdY cX `eefmX$ Z` \e \c j\Zkfi ` cX gif]\jj`feXc`kqXZ` [ËXhl\ccj hl` _` ki\YXcc\e% CX j`klXZ` Xek\i`fi \jk~ [`i\ZkXd\ek i\cXZ`feX[X XdY cX dXeZX [Ëfgk`d`jd\ ` gifa\ZZ` [\ ]lkli [ËXhl\ccj hl` \j [\[`hl\e X cË\ogcfkXZ` X^i~i`X%


$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 8 cË\jhl\dX X[alek _` Ô^li\e c\j gi`eZ`gXcj ZXlj\j ` c\j gi`eZ`gXcj Zfe$ j\h eZ`\j jfYi\ \c j\Zkfi X^iXi` [\c Jfcjfe j# X`o Zfd c\j i\cXZ`fej [`$ i\Zk\j hl\ jË\jkXYc\`o\e \eki\ \cc\j% Ef fYjkXek# ZXc k\e`i \e Zfdgk\ hl\ _` _X i\cXZ`fej `e[`i\Zk\j ` hl\ `ek\i$ m\e\e Xcki\j ]XZkfij% 8hl\jkj# g\i # ef \j dfjki\e X cË\jhl\dX XdY cX `ek\eZ` [\ ]\i$cf d j \ek\e\[fi%

GI@E:@G8CJ GIF9C<DÁK@HL<J @ =FIK8C<J<J <JKÁ 8 C<J EFJKI<J D8EJ

<c gX`jXk^\ iliXc Zfd \c\d\ek `[\ek`kXi` [\ cX ZfdXiZX @E=CL<E:@89C<

G i[lX [\c efdYi\ [Ë\ogcfkXZ`fej ` [\c efdYi\ [ËfZlgXkj X^iXi`j

GfZX i\e[`Y`c`kXk [\ cX gif[lZ$ Z` X^i~i`X [\ dXe\iX d j `ek\ejX# [\ c\j \ogcfkXZ`fej ]fi\jkXcj %

=XckX [\ i\cc\l ^\e\iXZ`feXc

D<EPJ @E=CL<E:@89C<

<C<D<EKJ :8LJ8CJ <JKÁ 8 C<J EFJKI<J D8EJ

DXeZX [\ ZlckliX [ËXjjfZ`XZ`fe`jd\ \e cX gif[lZZ`

GfZX mXcfiXZ` jfZ`Xc [\ cËXZk`m`kXk [ [\jZfe\`o\$ d\ek ` [\j\eZ j jfZ`Xc

GfZX i\e[`Y`c`kXk [\ cX gif[lZZ` X^i~i`X

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

M8CFI8:@ä JF:@8C ;< CË8:K@M@K8K 8>IÁI@8

@E=CL<E:@89C<

@ejlÔZ`\ek efdYi\ [Ë\jgX`j [\ M; [\c gif[lZk\ X^iXi`

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

ÈJ\dYcX hl\ cË e`ZX \jg Z`\ \e g\i`cc [\ [\jXgXi `o\i# j\ej\ [\$ dXe[X jfZ`Xc hl\ \j dXek`e^l`# j`^l` cËX^i`ZlckfiÉ% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ C\j Zfej\h eZ`\j [\c d\iZXk ef j e c\j e`hl\j hl\ [`ÔZlck\e f fYjkXZlc`kq\e \c Yfe ]leZ`feXd\ek [\c j\Zkfi% 8hl\jk\j \jkXe XZfdgXepX[\j [Ële j\^l`k [\ ]\kj [`i\ZkXd\ek i\cXZ`feXkj XdY cX g\iZ\g$ Z` jfZ`Xc [\c d\[` iliXc jfm`ek XjjfZ`Xk X le \jkXk [\ jlY[\j\emfclgXd\ek ` g\i$ Z\Ylk Zfd X X^\ek X^i\jj`l g\c k\ii`kfi` ` \c Zfdgfe\ek `[\ek`kXi` hl\ i\gi\j\ekX cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X g\i cX ZfdXiZX%

È<o`jk\`o le ofZ ZlckliXc \eki\ eflm`e^lkj ` \cj hl\ _Xe m`jZlk kfkX cX m`[X Xc k\ii`kfi`% 8 M`Z jË_X Xii`YXk X cË\oki\d hl\ X le gfYc\ _Xe ]\k ki\li\ c\j \jhl\cc\j [\ c\j mXhl\j g\ihl [\`\e hl\ ]\`\e dXjjX jfifcc É% <c j\Zkfi X^iXi` _X hl\[Xk [\jmXcfiXk ` [\jZfe\^lk jfZ`Xcd\ek% Dfckj [\cj af$ m\j hl\ m`l\e X cË\ekfie X^iXi` k\e\e le [\j\eZ j [\ cË\ekfie iliXc ` [\ cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X $i\]fi Xk g\cj gifYc\d\j [\ m`X$ Y`c`kXk \Zfe d`ZX d\eZ`feXkj$ ` dXio\e X m`li\ ` ki\YXccXi X leX XckiX qfeX% CX j`klX$ Z` [\ [\j`^lXckXk [Ëfgfikle`kXkj \e hl \j kifYX cX [feX ki\YXccX[fiX [\ cX ÔeZX gifg`Z`X hl\ dfck\j [\ c\j g\ijfe\j hl\ XYXe[fe\e cË\ogcfkXZ` j`^l`e [fe\j% <c ]\k Xek\i`fi j le \c\d\ek ZcXl g\i \ek\e$ [i\ cX ]XckX [\ i\cc\l ^\e\iXZ`feXc hl\ gXk\`o\e c\j \ogcfkXZ`fej XZklXcj# ` cX dXeZX [\ dfk`mXZ` [\cj hl` \eZXiX jË_` [\[`hl\e%

È8c efi[# c\j ^iXej \ogcfkXZ`fej ]fi\jkXcj mXe j\i XYXe[feX[\j kfk ` j\i i\e[`Yc\j \Zfe d`ZXd\ek# g\ihl \cj gifg`\kXi`j mXe XeXi X m`li\ X cX Z`lkXk aX hl\ jfZ`Xcd\ek \iX d`ccfi g\iZ\YlkÉ J`^l` g\i dfk`lj [\ [\j\eZ j ZlckliXc# Zfd g\i dfk`lj \Zfe d`Zj f [\ ]XckX [\ j\im\`j# dfck\j \ogcfkXZ`fej [\jXgXi\`o\e ` [ËXcki\j Xl^d\ek\e [\ kXdXep% Jfm`ek Xhl\jk\j \o$ gcfkXZ`fej j e ^\jk`feX[\j g\i g\ijfe\j hl\ ef dXek\e\e ZXg m`eZc\ j\ek`d\ekXc XdY \c k\ii`kfi` d j \ecc~ [\ j\i leX XZk`$ m`kXk gliXd\ek \Zfe d`ZX% 8hl\jkX i\Xc`$ kXk \e Xc^lej ZXjfj i\]fi X \c j\ek`d\ek [\ [\jdfk`mXZ` ` [\ g i[lX [ËXlkf\jk`dX [\cj ki\YXccX[fij X^iXi`j% Ef fYjkXek# cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X ` \c gX$ ki`dfe` eXkliXc j le Zfdgfe\ek \c\$ d\ekXc \e cX `[\ek`kXk [\ cX ZfdXiZX% 8c jl[ dfck\j \ogcfkXZ`fej gf[\e \eZX$ iX ZfdY`eXi [`]\i\ekj j\Zkfij X^iXi`j \e cË\ogcfkXZ` ` \c gX`jXk^\ X^if]fi\jkXc \j dXek Zfd X \c\d\ek [\ i\Zfe\`o\d\ek Zfc×c\Zk`l ]feXd\ekXc%

DXafi`X [\ cX gfYcXZ` ki\YXccX [\ cËX^i`ZlckliX \oZ\gk\ X JfcjfeX ` JXek Ccfi\e

D<EPJ @E=CL<E:@89C<

>iXe gf[\i [\ c\j ^iXej `e[X^X[fi\j ` c`hl`[XZ` [\ cX X^if`e[ jik`X cfZXc

J`klXZ` [\ Zfdg\k eZ`X [\jcc\`Xc [\ cX gif[lZZ` [ËXcki\j gX jfj XdY \c gif[lZk\ cfZXc

FE 8:KL8I6 ÁD9@KJ <JKI8Kß>@:J :\iZXi efm\j \jkiXk ^`\j [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek \e Xhl\jk ~dY`k gfjj`Yc\d\ek gXjj` g\i leX fi^Xe`kqXZ` Zfdle`k~i`X hl\ ^XiXek\`o` cX kiXej]fidXZ` [`i\ZkX [ËXcc hl\ \jk~ X c\j efjki\j dXej ` [ËXcc g\iZ\Ylk Zfd X `eÕl\eZ`XYc\# ` hl\ j`^l` ZXgX [\ gifdfli\ m`\j [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek Xck\ieXk`l Xcj X^i\jj`lj d\iZXkj XZklXcj% <cj i\jlckXkj [\c kXcc\i [\ gXik`$

Z`gXZ` \ej dfjki\e hl\ cX d\`kXk [\ c\j ZXiXZk\i jk`hl\j d j `dgfikXekj [\ cX i\Xc`kXk X^i~i`X [\ cX ZfdXiZX j`^l`e ]fikXc\$ j\j f [\Y`c`kXkj [\g\e\e [`i\ZkXd\ek [\ efjXcki\j j X [`i# \j$ kXe Zfc×cfZX[\j X cX ÔcX Ê<jk~ X c\j efjki\j dXejË % 8`o [feZj# \e cË~dY`k X^iXi` _` _X dfck g\i ]\i ` dfck [\g e [\ cX efjkiX fi^Xe`kqXZ` ` mfclekXk [ËXZZ` %

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ GFK<E:@8:@ä ;< C8 GIF$ ;L::@ä# KI8EJ=FI$ D8:@ä @ :FD<I:@8C@K$ Q8:@ä CF:8C $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;`m\ij`ÔZXZ` [\ cX gif[lZZ` cfZXc Gfk\eZ`XZ` ` i\Zlg\iXZ` [ËX^if`e[ jki`X cfZXc 8gfjkX g\cj Z`iZl`kj Zlikj [\ Zfd\iZ`Xc`kqXZ` ` m\e[X [`i\ZkX <jk`dlcXZ` [\ cËXjjfZ`XZ`fe`jd\ \e cX gif[lZZ` # kiXej]fidXZ` ` Zfd\iZ`Xc`kqXZ` % @ek\im\eZ` \e c\j gXlk\j [\ Zfejld [\c Zfejld`[fi# Z\iZXek \jkiXk ^`hl\j g\i ^XiXek`i gi\lj `[fe`j kXek g\c gif[lZkfi Zfd g\c Zfejld`[fi $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ G<;8>F>@8 JF9I< C8 I<C8:@ä <EKI< <C 9FE <JK8K ;<C G8KI@DFE@ :LCKLI8C @ E8KLI8C @ <C D8EK<E@D<EK ;< CË8:K@M@K8K 8>IÁI@8 ;< HL8C@K8K @ CF:8C% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(

<c ki\YXcc \e Xhl\jk ~dY`k g\id\ki`X d`$ e`d`kqXi [`i\ZkXd\ek \cj \]\Zk\j e\^Xk`lj \e hl \j kifYX cË\ogcfkXZ` X^i~i`X \e le d\iZXk ^cfYXc`kqXk% ?Xli`X [\ g\id\ki\ hl\ \cj gif[lZkfij i\Zlg\i\jj`e \c mXcfi X]\^`k [\c gif[lZk\ X^iXi` ` d`e`d`kqXi cX [\g\e[ eZ`X Xcj ^iXej cfYY`\j# hl\ j e Xml` c\j ^iXej \dgi\j\j [\ kiXej]fidXZ` ` Zfd\iZ`Xc`kqXZ` % 8`o \j i\[l`i`X cX `dgfikXZ` [\ gif$ [lZk\j [\cj hl\ cX ZfdXiZX aX [`jgf$ jX# jËXl^d\ekXi`X cX i\e[`Y`c`kXk [\ cË\ogcfkXZ` X^i~i`X# ]XZ`c`kXek \c dXek\e`$ d\ek [Ë\ogcfkXZ`fej g\k`k\j% <j Zi\Xi`\e ` [`m\ij`ÔZXi`\e ccfZj [\ ki\YXcc# cX i\e[X [\cj gif[lZkfij ` cX dXk\`oX gif[lZZ` X^i~i`X% 8hl\jk Xjg\Zk\ j \jg\Z`Xcd\ek `ek\i\jjXek k\e`ek \e Zfdgk\ cX fgfikle`$ kXk hl\ j`^e`ÔZX g\i X cX Zi\XZ` [Ëf]\ik\j cXYfiXcj g\i X cX [feX iliXc# ` g\i X cX [`j$ d`elZ` [\c [\j\eZ j jfZ`Xc hl\ gXk\`o \c j\Zkfi# Xc_fiX hl\ g\id\ki`X m\ik\YiXi k\$ ii`kfi`Xcd\ek \c Jfcjfe j \cj i\Zlijfj [\c efi[ ` \cj [\c jl[ gf[i`\e Zfdgc\d\ekXi$ j\ [fkXek X cX ZfdXiZX [Ële`kXk \Zfe d`ZX ` k\ii`kfi`Xc %

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ <JK@DLC8I CË8JJF:@8:@F$ E@JD< <E C8 GIF;L::@ä# KI8EJ=FID8:@ä @ :FD<I:@8C@KQ8:@ä $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ :fejZ`\eZ`XZ` [\ cX e\Z\jj`kXk [ËXjjfZ`Xi$j\% =fidXZ` \ekfie cËfi^Xe`kqXZ` # \jkilZkliXZ` ` ]leZ`fej [\ c\j XjjfZ`XZ`fej% :fejfc`[XZ` [ËXjjfZ`XZ`fej j\Zkfi`Xcj ` k\ii`kfi`Xcj% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

)

CX dXeZX [\ i\e[`Y`c`kXk \Zfe d`$ ZX [\ c\j \ogcfkXZ`fej _X \jkXk i\cX$ Z`feX[X [`i\ZkXd\ek XdY cX dXeZX [ËXjjfZ`XZ`fe`jd\ \e cX gif[lZZ` % Hl\ cX efmX \jkiXk ^`X [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek \j YXj j \e cËXjjfZ`XZ`fe`jd\ [\k\id`$ eXi`X cX [`jd`elZ` [\c Zfjk [\ cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X# [feXi`X \jkXY`c`kXk X c\j \jkiXk $ ^`\j hl\ jfi^\`o`e [\ cË~dY`k Xek\i`fi# ` Xl^d\ekXi`X cX m`jlXc`kqXZ` [\ c\j [\dXe[\j ` fgfikle`kXkj [\c j\Zkfi X cX jfZ`\kXk \e ^\e\iXc ` \jg\Z`Xcd\ek X cËX[d`e`jkiXZ` g Yc`ZX# Xl^d\ekXek X`o cX gi\jj` jfZ`Xc g\i X cX kiXej]fi$ dXZ` [\ ZXiXZk\i jk`hl\j hl\ ef \jkXe [`i\ZkXd\ek X c\j efjki\j dXej% @ek\i$ m\e`i \e Xhl\jk ~dY`k j`^e`ÔZX gfk\e$ Z`Xi [`i\ZkXd\ek cX `[\ek`kXk Zfc×c\Zk`mX [\c j\Zkfi ` \e Zfej\h eZ`X d`e`d`kqXi \c [\j\eZ j jfZ`Xc ZXg Xc j\Zkfi ` gfk\e$ Z`Xi cX dfk`mXZ` [ËXhl\ccj hl` jË_` [\[`$ hl\e% @dgc`ZXi`X hl\ cËXYXe[feXd\ek [Ë\ogcfkXZ`fej g\i dfk`lj [\ [\j\eZ j jfZ`Xc \j d`e`d`kq j%

*

Gfk\eZ`Xi \c i\Zfe\`o\d\ek jfZ`Xc [\ c\j ]leZ`fej ZlckliXcj# jfZ`Xcj ` [\ ^\jk` [\c gX`jXk^\ hl\ cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X [\ hlXc`kXk k `dgc Z`k\j% Gfk\eZ`Xi Yfe\j gi~Zk`hl\j X^i~i`\j# ZfdgXk`Yc\j XdY le \e$ kfie ` ZlckliX \e Yfe \jkXk%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 8hl\jk ~dY`k [ËXZklXZ` \jk~ [`i\ZkX$ d\ek i\cXZ`feXk XdY \cj ki\j Xek\i`fij ` [\ dXe\iX dfck [`i\ZkX XdY cË~dY`k Xe$ k\i`fi% :\ekiXi \j]fi fj \e Xhl\jk ~dY`k d`e`d`kqXi`X \c [\jZfe\`o\d\ek [\ cX i\Xc`kXk [\c d e iliXc# hl\ jfm`ek gifm [\ ]fiX [\c k\ii`kfi` g\i ZX[X m\^X[X d j [\ ^\ek [\c k\ii`kfi` gi`eZ`gXcd\ek JfcjfeX ` JXek Ccfi\e % G\id\ki`X i\$ ]fidlcXi c\j [\dXe[\j hl\ cX jfZ`\kXk \e ^\e\iXc k ZXg Xc d e iliXc# gXjjXek [\ [\dXe[\j jfZ`Xcj Zfej\imXZ`fe`jk\j [Ële gX`jXk^\ j\ej\ gX^\jfj# X cX e\Z\j$ j`kXk [\ gifk\^`i ` \jk`dlcXi leX XZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X hl\ ^XiXek\`o` leX YfeX hlXc`$ kXk [\c gXki`dfe`% 8hl\jk ck`d \c\d\ek \m`[\eZ`Xi`X cX e\Z\jj`kXk [Ë`eZfigfiXi \e \c YXcXe Zfjk$Y\e\ÔZ` [\ cË\ogcfkXZ` \cj Zfjkfj jfZ`Xcj# XdY`\ekXcj ` ZlckliXcj hl\ gf[\e [li XjjfZ`X[\j Z\ik\j gi~Zk`$ hl\j X^i~i`\j XZklXcj% I\jfc[i\ Xhl\jkX e\Z\jj`kXk ef j\i`X gfjj`Yc\ j\ej\ `ek\i$ m\e`i \e cË~dY`k \jkiXk ^`Z i\cXk`l X cX gfk\eZ`XZ` [\ cX gif[lZZ` # kiXej]fi$ dXZ` ` Zfd\iZ`Xc`kqXZ` cfZXc% 8c_fiX \jk`dlcXi`X \cj ~dY`kj Xek\i`fij [feZj j\i`X kXdY le \c\d\ek `e[`jg\ejXYc\ g\i X i\mXcfi`kqXi kXek \c d e iliXc Zfd cËXZk`m`kXk X^i~i`X%

È:Xc dXek\e`i [`]\i\ekj j\Zkfi X^iXi`j X cX gi g`X ÔeZX% 8`o [ eX \jkXY`c`kXk \Zfe d`ZX X cË\ogcfkXZ` É% ÈJ` _` _X Zi\`o\d\ek `e[ljki`Xc# gi`fi`k~i`Xd\ek _Xli`X [\ j\i [\ kiXej]fidXZ` [Ë`e[ jki`X cfZXc#ZXc\e \jZfioX[fij g Yc`Zj ` cfZXcjÉ È ?` _X leX dXeZX [\ ZlckliX [ËXjjfZ`XZ`fe`jd\É% ÈK\e`d le gXki`dfe` e`Z ¿ # ` leX g\kaX[X _ldXeX XdY Xii\cj [Ë`[\ek`kXk ¿ <c GXki`dfe` j KFK ¿ É% É:Xc gifk\^`i \c gX`jXk^\ X^iXi`É


$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

KLI@JD< @ :FD<Ix

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

Kli`jd\ ` :fd\i Zfejk`kl\`o\e \c ^il`o [\ cËXefd\eXk j\Z$ kfi k\iZ`Xi`% Ef j \jkiXep# [feZj# hl\ dfck\j [\ c\j [`]`Zlc$ kXkj ` i\gk\j hl\ \eZXi\e dfjki`e ^iXej j`d`c`kl[j% CX gi\$ fZlgXZ` g\i le df[\c [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek \e[ ^\e# YXjXk \e \cj gifg`j i\Zlijfj [\ cX ZfdXiZX# j \c gi`d\i [\cj glekj \e Zfd % G\i kXdY _f j cX j\ejXZ` ^\e\iXc`kqX[X [\ hl\ ef \o`jk\`o leX \jkiXk ^`X ZcXiX hl\ dXihl` lej fYa\Zk`lj ` d`kaXej ZfeZi\kj g\i Xc j\l Zi\`o\d\ek% CX `[\X [ËXjjfc`i le dXafi Xgif]`kXd\ek [\c gXki`dfe` ` [\cj gif[lZk\j cfZXcj# kXek [\ ZXiX X cX gfYcXZ` [\c Jfcjfe j Zfd [\ ZXiX Xcj kli`j$ k\j# j\dYcX gi\e[i\ ]fi X% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

ÈDËX^iX[Xi`X# ` ZX[X Zfg d j# \c ÊZfd\i aljkË# Xhl\jk Zfd\i [\ ZfdXiZX1 mlcc [`i hl\ cX ^\ek gl^l` d\eaXi dfck Y # [\ dfckX hlX$ c`kXk# dfck YXiXk ` hl\ ef ZXc^l` gfikXi le kfd~hl\k X 9XiZ\cfeX ` XeXi X 9XiZ\cfeX g\i gfikXi$cf ZXg Xhl 2 hl\ \c gl^l`e ZfdgiXi [`i\ZkXd\ek Xhl 2 d j [\ d\iZXk# d j cfZXc%%%É $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

f]\ikX kli jk`ZX Xc Jfcjfe j j ]fi X mXi`X[X1 j\^fe\j i\j`$ [ eZ`\j gi\[fd`eXek Xc efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX# XccfkaXd\ekj [\ kli`jd\ iliXc [`jg\ijXkj g\i kfkX cX ZfdXiZX# g\i gfhl\j gcXZ\j [\ Êcc`k ZXc\ekË Æ_fk\cj ` _fjkXcj$ f Z~dg`e^j% Kfk gc\^Xk# le m\ekXcc [Ëf]\ik\j hl\ ^Xl$ [\`o [\ YfeX [\dXe[X Xc ccXi^ [\ cËXep \e YljZX [\ kiXehl`c×c`kXk ` \ekfie eXkliXc# g\i hl\ ef _X Zi\Xk \c jlÔZ`\ek efdYi\ [\ gcXZ\j [ËXcc`kXd\ek# gifc`]\iXek# [ËXhl\jkX dXe\iX# le\j j\^fe\j i\j`[ eZ`\j gfZ lk`c`kqX[\j g\i XdY le `dgXZk\ efkfi` jfYi\ \c d\[`% Gfkj\i g\ihl Xhl\jk j \c gi`eZ`gXc XkiXZk`l [\ cX ZfdXiZX# \j kifYX X ]XckXi leX dXafi mXcfiXZ` [\c gXki`$ dfe` ZfdXiZXc1 eXkliX ` ZlckliX ]fid\e le cc\^Xk hl\ \j Zfej`[\iX gi`dfi[`Xc [\ Zfej\imXi ` gifdfZ`feXi# kXek \eki\ \cj gfk\eZ`Xcj kli`jk\j# Zfd \eki\ \cj dX$ k\`ofj _XY`kXekj [\ cX ZfdXiZX%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ 8 cË\jhl\dX X[alek _` Ô^li\e c\j gi`eZ`$ gXcj ZXlj\j ` c\j gi`eZ`gXcj Zfej\h eZ`\j jfYi\ \c j\Zkfi [\ Zfd\i ` `e[ jki`X [\c Jfcjfe j# X`o Zfd c\j i\cXZ`fej [`i\Zk\j hl\ jË\jkXYc\`o\e \eki\ \cc\j% Ef fYjkXek# ZXc k\e`i \e Zfdgk\ hl\ _` _X i\cXZ`fej `e[`i\Zk\j ` hl\ `ek\im\e\e Xcki\j ]XZkfij% 8hl\jkj# g\i # ef \j dfjki\e X cË\jhl\dX XdY cX `ek\eZ` [\ ]\i$cf d j \ek\e\[fi%

È8 =iXe X# mXj g\i cX ZXii\k\iX ` kË`e[`hl\e hl\ X ,' bd% _` _X leX g\[iX [\c e\fc k`Z%%% ` Xhl gXjj\j g\c ZfjkXk [\ hlXcj\mfc ZfjX `ek\$ i\jjXek ` e` k\ eËXjjXY\ek\j%%%É 8hl\jkX dXeZX [\ m`eZlcXZ` \eki\ f]\ikX kli jk`ZX ` gXki`dfe` \j Zi\l Zfe[`Z`feX[X# [ËleX YXe[X# g\i cX dXeZX [\ j\ej`Y`c`kXk ^\e\iXc ZXg Xc gXki`dfe`# `# [\ cËXckiX# g\i cX `efg\i~eZ`X [\ c\j XZklXcj XjjfZ`XZ`fej j\Zkfi`Xcj ` \ej [\ gifdfZ` kli jk`ZX% @ j hl\ Xhl\jkX j cËXckiX gfkX hl\ ]X YXccXi \c j\Zkfi kli jk`Z1 cX j\mX gifdfZ` ` d`ccf$ iX [\ cX f]\ikX \e Zfd 2 f j`^l`# cË\ÔZ~Z`X kXek [\ c\j XjjfZ`XZ`fej Zfd [\cj \ej g Yc`Zj Zi\Xkj g\i cX gifdfZ` [\c kl$ i`jd\% <e ^\e\iXc# \j Zfej`[\iX hl\ ef XZXY\e [\ ]leZ`feXi Zfd jË\jg\iXmX# ` hl\ \o`jk\`o leX dXeZX [ËXgfjkX i\Xc g\i gXik

[\ cËX[d`e`jkiXZ` [\ ZXiX X gfk\eZ`Xi \c ÔeXe Xd\ek [ËXZklXZ`fej \e[\^X[\j [\j [\ c\j XjjfZ`XZ`fej j\Zkfi`Xcj%

ÈEf \j kiXZkX [\ i\le`i$j\ g\i gXicXi [\ j` fdgc\j f ef%%% X`o j ZfjX [\ ZX[XjZ # [\ j` jXg ]\i kil`k\j f ef% G\i hlXe `ek\ek\j j\epXc`k$ qXi ilk\j f \[`kXi ki gk`Zj ` k\Ëcj _Xj [\ gX^Xi kl%%% XZXY\j g\ejXek hl\ cËX[d`e`jkiXZ` efd j k lccj g\i k`iXi \e[XmXek \cj gifa\Zk\j fe jË_` dfl\e dfckj ZXc\ij%É 8dY kfk# cËXl^d\ek [\ ZXj\j [\ kli`j$ d\ iliXc \e \cj [Xii\ij Xepj j leX YfeX [X[X# j` Y ZXc k\e`i gi\j\ek hl\ \c df[\c [\ Êkli`jd\ iliXcË \e dfckj ZXjfj _X gXjjXk [\ j\i le df[\c [\ gifo`d`kXk m`eZlcXk X cX Zfem`m eZ`X ` Zfe\`o\d\ek [\c kXiXee~ [\ cX ^\ek [\c k\ii`kfi`# X le ccf^l\i [\ ÊZXj\j iliXcjË fe \j mXcfiX \o$ Zclj`mXd\ek \c gX`jXk^\ ` cX kiXehl`c×c`kXk%

:FD<Ix <c Zfd\i j leX XZk`m`kXk ZfeZ\ekiX[X X c\j gfYcXZ`fej [\ JXek Ccfi\e `# jfYi\kfk# X JfcjfeX% yj \e Xhl\jkX ck`dX fe jË\jk~ gif[l`ek leX gif^i\jj`mX fY\ikliX [\ d`kaXe\j ZX[\e\j Zfd\iZ`Xcj hl\ _X X]\Z$ kXk [\ dXe\iX [`i\ZkX Xcj \jkXYc`d\ekj kiX[`Z`feXcj [\ Zfd\i Xc`d\ekXi`%

ÈC\j ZX[\e\j Zfd\iZ`Xcj d`kaXe\j _Xe ]\k dfck dXc Xc Zfd\i Xc`d\ekXi`% JË_X XeXk XZXYXek Xhl\jk ÊZfd\i aljkË hl\ _` _Xm`X XYXej# hlXe YX`oXm\e \cj gX^\jfj X m\e[i\ \cj j\lj gif[lZk\j Xcj d\iZXkj ` cX ^\ek \cj ZfdgiXmX [`i\ZkXd\ek X \ccj%É

8c efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX kXdY \j [\`o\e efkXi \cj \]\Zk\j [\cj ^iXej jlg\id\i$ ZXkj# XdY le `eZi\d\ek [\cj [\jgcX X$ d\ekj g\i i\Xc`kqXi c\j j\m\j Zfdgi\j ]fiX [\ cX mXcc% Kfk ` X`o # \cj g\k`kj \jkXYc`d\ekj kiX[`Z`feXcj [\ k`glj ]Xd`c`Xi \eZXiX \j dXek\e\e# Xal$ [Xkj \e gXik g\i cX gi\j eZ`X [\ kli`j$ k\j \c ZXg [\ j\kdXeX hl\ jlgc\`o\e gXik [\ cX [\dXe[X [\cj gifg`j _XY`$ kXekj [\c efi[2 ` X JfcjfeX Æ[\^lk X cX ZfeZ\ekiXZ` [\ [\dXe[X ZfdXi$ ZXc$ jË_` dXek\e\e j\ej\ gifYc\d\j Xhl\ccj \jkXYc`d\ekj Xc [\kXcc [\[`ZXkj X gif[lZk\j ]fiX [\c iXd Xc`d\ekXi`% ;ËXckiX YXe[X# ` Zfd \c\d\ek gi`$ dfi[`Xc \e leX ZfdXiZX X^i~i`X Zfd \c Jfcjfe j# \j kifYX X ]XckXi cË\o`jk eZ`X [\ Z`iZl`kj [\ Zfd\i$ Z`Xc`kqXZ` [\ gif[lZk\j Xlk Z$ kfej# aX j`^l` X kiXm j [\ Zffg\iXk`m\j [\ Zfejld f [Ë\jkXYc`d\ekj [\ m\e[X [`i\ZkX% <e ^\e\iXc# Xhl\jkX m\jjXek Zfd\iZ`Xc j g\iZ\Yl[X Zfd X ^iXe gfk\eZ`Xc`kXk g\i [`eXd`kqXi [`]\i\ekj ~dY`kj ZfdXiZXcj# j` Y \c j\l [\j\e$ mfclgXd\ek XZklXc j gi~Zk`ZXd\ek elc% Gif[lZZ` X c\j qfe\j iliXcj [`j$ g\ij\j2 gfk\eZ`Xc [\ d\iZXk ZfdXiZXc `ek\i`fi X JfcjfeX2 ` XkiXZk`l kli jk`Z [\ ^iXe hlXc`kXk ` mXcfi X]\^`k%

ÈJË_X [\ gfk\eZ`Xi \c d e d j eXkliXc# d j \Zfc ^`Z# d j d\eaXi jX2 \e X`o j hl\ gfkj ccl`kXi¿ ` m\ ^\ek [\ 9XiZ\cfeX \c [`jjXYk\ ` Zfdgi\e gX# ` Zfdgi\e [\ kfk# ` j\ cË\dgfik\e ZXg XmXcc¿ X`o j` hl\ gXjjX kXdY %É

:FD<Ix%% %%%@ KLI@JD< GI@E:@G8CJ GIF9C<DÁK@HL<J @ =FIK8C<J<J <JKÁ 8 C<J EFJKI<J D8EJ

8Yj eZ`X [Ë\jkXYc`d\ekj [\ m\e[X [`i\ZkX f Zffg\iXk`m\j [\ Zfejld

@efg\i~eZ`X [\ c\j XjjfZ`XZ`fej f \ej [\ gifdfZ` kli` jk`ZX

@E=CL<E:@89C<

G\im`m eZ`X [\cj \jkXYc`d\ekj Zfd\iZ`Xcj [\ k`glj ]Xd`c`Xi

GfZX m`eZlcXZ` \eki\ f]\ikX kli jk`ZX ` gXki`dfe` eXkliXc ` ZlckliXc

@eZi\d\ek [\c efdYi\ [\ ZXj\j [\ gX^ j [\[`ZX[\j Xc kli`jd\

D<EPJ @E=CL<E:@89C<

<C<D<EKJ :8LJ8CJ <JKÁ 8 C<J EFJKI<J D8EJ

;\dXe[X kli jk`ZX ` \jkXYc\ Xc ccXi^ [\ cËXep

DXeZX [\ mfclekXk ` ZlckliX XjjfZ`Xk`mX

8Yj eZ`X [Ële\j c e`\j \jkiXk ^`hl\j ZcXi\j

GfZX j\ej`Y`c`kXk \em\ij \c gXki`df$ e` eXkliXc ` ZlckliXc

;\dXe[X kli jk`$ ZX ` \jkXYc\ Xc ccXi^ [\ cËXep

@E=CL<E:@89C<

DXeZX [\ gifdfZ` ` mXcfiXZ` [\c gif[lZ$ k\ Xlk Zkfe D<EPJ @E=CL<E:@89C<

GfYcXZ` \em\cc`[X ` \em\cc`ek$j\

DXeZX [ËXgfjkX g\i gXik [\ cËX[d`e`jkiXZ`

GfZ jlgfik ÔeXeZ\i g\i gXik [\ cËX[d`e`jkiXZ`

<o`jk eZ`X [ËleX [\dXe[X kli jk`ZX \e YljZX [\ cX kiXehl`c×c`kXk [\ cË~dY`k iliXc


$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

:FD 8:KL8I6 ÁD9@KJ <JKI8Kß>@:J C\j ZfeZclj`fej [\c kXcc\i i\Xc`kqXk Xglek\e X le j\^l`k [Ë~dY`kj \jkiXk ^`Zj g\i Xc [\j\emfclgXd\ek [\cj j\Zkfij kli jk`Z ` Zfd\iZ`Xc XdY le [\efd`eX[fi Zfd 1 cËXgfjkX g\i cX i\mXcfi`kqXZ` ` gfk\eZ`XZ` [\cj \c\d\ekj gifg`j [\ cX ZfdXiZX% <c gXki`dfe` ZfdXiZXc Æ\e cX j\mX m\jjXek ZlckliXc# XdY`\ekXc# [\ gif[lZZ` X^i ZfcX f Xik\jXeX$ Zfejk`kl\`o \c d`ccfi XZk`l [\ ZXiX X \jkXYc`i# Zfd \j Zi\l [\j`kaXYc\# leX f]\ikX [`jk`ek`mX XdY dXiZX gi g`X% 8gifÔkXi \cj \c\d\ekj hl\ j\dgi\ _Xe \jkXk ` Zfek`el\e Xhl # hl\ ZXc i\[\jZfYi`i# gifdfZ`feXi ` XgifÔkXi [\ efl g\i Xc ^Xl[` [\cj gifg`j _XY`kXekj ` [\cj gfk\eZ`Xcj m`j`kXekj% Kfk# jfkX leX gk`ZX ZfdleX ` XjjfZ`Xk`mX hl\ Zfdgk` XdY kfk \c i\ZfcqXd\ek X[d`e`jkiXk`l gfjj`Yc\% @ j hl\# kXc ` Zfd \c ^i~ÔZ dfjkiX# \cj gi`eZ`gXcj \c\d\ekj X i\]fi Xi f d`e`d`kqXi Zfej`[\iX hl\ \j kifY\e# \e cX j\mX gi~Zk`ZX kfkXc`kXk# f Y X c\j efjki\j dXej# f Y \j kiXZkX [\ i\Xc`kXkj gfk\eZ`Xcd\ek `eÕl\eZ`XYc\j% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ GFK<E:@8I C8 M@E:LC8$ :@ä <EKI< F=<IK8 KLIàJK@:8 @ G8KI@DFE@ :FD8I:8C $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ @eZi\d\ek [\ cX mXcfiXZ` [\cj \j[\m\e`d\ekj gfglcXij% MXcfi`kqXZ` ` gifdfZ` [\c gif[lZk\ cfZXc% GifdfZ` [\c gXki`dfe` eXkliXc ` ZlckliXc [\c Jfcjfe j kXek \eki\ \cj j\lj _XY`kXekj Zfd [\ ZXiX X cË\ok\i`fi% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

(

8hl\jk ~dY`k g\id\ki`X dXiZXi leX ZcXiX \jkiXk ^`X [\ [\j\emfclgXd\ek kli jk`Z X cX ZfdXiZX# XdY leX f]\i$ kX [\ dXafi hlXc`kXk ` mXcfi X]\^`k% <e Xhl\jk j\ek`k# ZXc[i~ k\e`i gi\j\ek cË\jkl[` \jkiXk ^`Z [\c [\j\emfclgX$ d\ek kli jk`Z [\ cX MXcc [\ Cfi[ g\i X cX qfeX efi[ [\ cX ZfdXiZX% 8`o dXk\`o# Xhl\jk ~dY`k g\id\ki`X d`$ ccfiXi cX j\ej`Y`c`kXk [\cj _XY`kXekj [\c Jfcjfe j ZXg Xc j\l gifg` gXki`dfe` eXkliXc ` ZlckliXc# ` X e`m\cc kli jk`Z dXek\e`i ` Xgif]le[`i \e le df[\c [\ [\dXe[X \jkXYc\ Xc ccXi^ [\ cËXep%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ GFK<E:@8:@ä ;< C8 GIF;L::@ä @ :FD<I:@8$ C@KQ8:@ä CF:8C $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =XZ`c`kXi ` gifdfZ`feXi cX gif$ [lZZ` Xik\jXeX [\ dXel]XZkli\j f gif[lZk\j Xc`d\ekXi`j% 8gfjkXi g\i cX Zi\XZ` [Ë`e[ jki`X [\ kiXej]fidXZ` [\c gif[lZk\ gi`dXi` cfZXc% 9Xjk`i le Z`iZl`k [\ Zfd\iZ`Xc`$ kqXZ` XjjfZ`Xk [\ cX gif[lZZ` cfZXc% <jkl[`Xi cX gfjj`Y`c`kXk ` m`XY`c`kXk [\ cX Zi\XZ` [Ë\jkXYc`d\ekj [\ m\e[X [`i\ZkX% @ek\^iXi cX [`m\ijX gif[lZZ` cfZXc jfkX le [\efd`eX[fi Zfd Ê`[\ek`ÔZXYc\Ë ZXg X cË\ok\i`fi% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

)

8hl\jk ~dY`k g\id\ki`X d`e`d`kqXi \cj [\jgcX Xd\ekj g\i dfk`lj Zfd\i$ Z`Xcj Xc_fiX hl\ \j gfk\eZ`Xi`X leX

(%

(% KXcc\i [\ ;`X^fej` Efi[ X Jk% Ccfi\e [\ Dfilepj \c [`X )' [ËfZklYi\ [\c )''.% )% KXcc\i [\ ;`X^efj` Jl[ X CcfY\iX \c [`X ). [ËfZklYi\ [\ )''.% * ` +% KXcc\i [\ ;`X^efj` >cfYXc Xc :XjXc [\ :lckliX [\ JfcjfeX \c (. [\ efm\dYi\ [\c )''.% ,% ;\kXcc [Ële [\cj Õlaf^iXd\j i\Xc`kqXkj \e \c KXcc\i [\ ;`X^efj` >cfYXc X JfcjfeX%

)%

XZk`m`kXk \Zfe d`ZX Xii\cX[X Xcj _~Y`$ kXkj iliXcj [`jg\ijfj% 8 d j# f]\i\`o le gif[lZk\ XdY ^iXe mXcfi X]\^`k hl\ gfk [`eXd`kqXi Zfd\iZ`Xcd\ek mXi`j elZc`j# Xc_fiX hl\ f]\i\`o le `eZ\ek`l [\ hlXc`kXk Xcj kli`jk\j [\ cX qfeX% :Xc g\i k\e`i gi\j\ekj c\j XZ$ klXcj c`d`kXZ`fej c\^Xcj X cX gif[lZZ` Xik\jXeXc Xc`d\ek~i`X# ` ZXc Z\iZXi m`\j g\i X cX j\mX jlg\iXZ` X`o Zfd \jkiX$ k ^`\j [\ Zfd\iZ`Xc`kqXZ` hl\# X d j [\cj kli`jk\j# Zfek\dgc`e cX Ô[\c`kXk [\c d\iZXk `ek\i`fi [\ cX ZfdXiZX% çY$ m`Xd\ek# Xhl\jk ~dY`k Zfek efdYif$ j\j j`e i^`\j XdY \c j\Zkfi gi`dXi` [\ cX ZfdXiZX%

$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ GIFDF:@ä @ ;@E8D@KQ8$ :@ä ;< CËÁD9@K 8JJF:@8 K@L $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ ;`eXd`kqXZ` [\ cË~dY`k Xjjf$ Z`Xk`l ZlckliXc ` d\[` XdY`\ekXc% :fejfc`[XZ` ` fgk`d`kqXZ` [\ c\j XjjfZ`XZ`fej j\Zkfi`Xcj kli jk`hl\j ` Zfd\iZ`Xcj% =fd\ek [\ cËXjjfZ`XZ`fe`jd\ \e cË~dY`k gif[lZk`l cfZXc% =fd\ek [\ cËXZfdgXepXd\ek X[d`e`jkiXk`l X c\j `e`Z`Xk`m\j \e[\^X[\j [\j [\ cË~dY`k Xjjf$ Z`Xk`l% $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

*%

*

8hl\jkX ~dY`k j ZfejkXkXk Zfd X m`$ kXc g\i X cX [`eXd`kqXZ` [\ [`m\ijfj ~dY`kj [`ej cX ZfdXiZX% G\i cX j\mX kiXejm\ijXc`kXk ` dlck`]leZ`feXc`kXk# ZXc[i~ gi\jkXi$c` leX dXafi Xk\eZ` ` [\[`ZXZ` g\i kXc [ËXii`YXi X d`e$ mXi \cj \]\Zk\j [\ cX [\jdfY`c`kqXZ` `e[`m`[lXc`jkX ` [\ cË\em\cc`d\ek [\ cX gfYcXZ` % 8]Xmfi`i`X cX mXcfi`kqX$ Z` [\cj \c\d\ekj gXki`dfe`Xcj ÆkXek eXkliXcj Zfd ZlckliXcj$ X`o Zfd cX gfjj`Yc\ Zffi[`eXZ` [`ej \cj ~dY`kj \Zfe d`Zj [\cj \jkXYc`d\ekj kli jk`Zj ` Zfd\iZ`Xcj% :Xc[i`X kXdY YljZXi ] idlc\j g\i kXc hl\ c\j X[d`e`jkiX$ Z`fej \j Zfdgifd\k\jj`e X XmXe Xi ZfealekXd\ek XdY c\j `e`Z`Xk`m\j [\ cX jfZ`\kXk Z`m`c# ]\ek j\m\j c\j gifgfj$ k\j gifÔkfj\j g\i Xc Zfealek [\ cX Zf$ dXiZX ` f]\i`ek \c jlgfik ÔeXeZ\i \e \cj ZXjfj \jZX`\ekj%

+%

,%


<CJ DyJ AFM<J K8D9y G8IK@:@G<E

K<8KI< ;< :8II<I ;LI8EK C<J =<JK<J

C

;

X i\Õ\o` \ekfie Xc k\ii`kfi` kXdY jË_X kiXj$ ccX[Xk Xcj d j afm\j% CËXcldeXk [\ c\j \jZf$ c\j [\ gi`d~i`X [\ cX ZfdXiZX _X gcXjdXk cX j\mX i\Õ\o` \cXYfiXek YXiXcc\j [\ ZXik\j hl\ gf[\l lk`c`kqXi X [`]\i\ekj cfZXcj jfZ`Xcj# YXij f j`d`cXij [\ cX ZfdXiZX% Afm\j [\cj :Xlj [\ cX ZfdXi$ ZX _Xe gXik`Z`gXk kXdY \e cX i\Õ\o` \eki\m`jkXek X g\ijfeXk^\j [\ cX ZfdXiZX# ` kXdY _f _X ]\k Xcld$ eXk [\ cË<jZfcX X^i~i`X [ËFc`lj%

8 kfkj mfjXcki\j lj X^iX d cX cc` [\ j`eZ\i`kXk ` cX fY\ikliX [\cj _fi`kqfej [\c Êd e X[lckË hl\ Xgfik\l Xc gifa\Zk\ <JG8@J

GIFG<IJ K8CC<IJ KXcc\i [\c Efi[1 (0 [\ ^\e\i X c\j - [\ cX kXi[X Xc gfYc\ iliXc Gl`^XieXl GlY`cc # F[ e% KXcc\i [\c Jl[1 )- [\ ^\e\i X c\j - [\ cX kXi[X Xc cfZXc jfZ`Xc [\ =i\`o\e\k%

:fc×cXYfi\e XdY \c gifa\Zk\ \jgX`j

\j [\ CË8I8;8 _\d mfc^lk XgifÔkXi \cj [`\j [\ ]\jk\j eX$ [Xc\ehl\j g\i Zfek`elXi ki\YXccXek \e Z\ikj Xjg\Zk\j hl\ Zi\`\d `dgfikXek i\Õ\o`feXi% G\i ef _f _\d ]\k XdY kX$ cc\ij# j`e XdY cX i\Xc`kqXZ` [\ ki\j \jg\ZkXZc\j k\XkiXcj X Z~ii\Z [\ cX ZfdgXep`X CXgjlj <jg\ZkXZc\j hl\ g\ij\^l`\e cX `dgc`$ ZXZ` Xc_fiX hl\ \c [`m\ik`d\ek [\cj j\lj \jg\ZkX[fij% <c [`m\e[i\j )/ [\ [\j\dYi\ Xc d\iZXk [\ JfcjfeX# ` \c [`jjXYk\ , [\ ^\e\i X JXek Ccfi\e # \j mX i\Xc`kqXi cË\jg\ZkXZc\ Ê:fejldkfi`Ë hl\# X kiXm j [ËleX ZfejlckX Êd [`ZXË ` [Ële Zfdglcj`l g\ijfeXk^\ [`jgfjXk X ZfdgiXi \c hl ]fj# mX Zfem`[Xi X kfk\j Xhl\cc\j g\ijfe\j hl\ ife$ [Xm\e g\i Xcc~ X i\Õ\o`feXi \ekfie \c [\jX]fiXk Zfejld`jd\ \e hl d`ZX \e d`ZX \j mXe Zfem\ik`ek c\j ]\jk\j eX[Xc\ehl\j%

@^lXcd\ek# \c [`ld\e^\ *' [\ [\j$ \dYi\ \c dle`Z`g` [\ :XdYi`cj mX XZfcc`i cË\jg\ZkXZc\ ÊHl _X gXjjXk XdY \cj efjki\j [i\kj6Ë1 ki\j fÔZ`$ e`jk\j [Ë gfhl\j _`jk i`hl\j Y\e [`]\i\ekj# XdY cX Zfc×cXYfiXZ` [\ c\j [fe\j Xjj`jk\ekj X cË\jg\ZkXZc\# f]\i`i\e le m`Xk^\ g\i c\j Zfe$ hl\jk\j ` i\kXccX[\j [\cj [i\kj [\ c\j [fe\j \e \c efjki\ gX j% 8hl\jk \jg\ZkXZc\ \j i\g\k`i~ gi o`dXd\ek \e Xc^le Xcki\ dl$ e`Z`g` [\ cX ZfdXiZX%

Ef lj \c g\i[\l

Ef kfk_fd \j gfk `dgc`ZXi e` [\ cX dXk\`oX ]fidX e` X cX dXk\`oX m\cfZ`kXk \e \c gifa\Zk\% G\i X`o [\j [\ cËXiX[X jËf]\i\`o\e mXi`j \jgX`j [\ i\Õ\o` ` ZfejkilZZ` % Gf[\l kiXjccX[Xi$efj c\j mfjki\j `ehl`\klkj# fg`e`fej ` Zfem`ZZ`fej# ` ZfdgXik`i$c\j XdY cX i\jkX [\c k\ii`kfi`# Xcj kXcc\ij [\ gXik`Z`gXZ` # X cX efjkiX n\Y nnn%cXiX[X%e\k# m`X Zfii\l \c\Zki e`Z X `e]f7cXiX[X%e\k# m`X Zfii\l Zfe$ m\eZ`feXc X :Xc GXc~# j&e# '/)/( GiX[\j [\ cX DfcjfjX# f m`X k\c\] e`ZX1 DXk\l -(- '(( 00' & If^\i --* /*0 +-, & DXi`eX --' ,)/ ,/)


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.