Tamil - Sept 2015 by LEISA India

,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;gh; 2015

LEIS Indi

yP r h ,e; j pah jkpo; rpwg;gpjo;

yP r h ,e; j pah jkpo; rpwg;gpjo; This issue in Tamil is a translated version of LEISA India magazine. This includes selected articles from LEISA India, originally published in English. Address : ame Foundation No. 204, 100 Feet Ring Road, 3rd Phase, Banashankari 2nd Block, 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560 085, India Tel:

+91-080- 2669 9512, +91-080- 2669 9522

Fax:

+91-080- 2669 9410

E-mail: leisaindia@yahoo.co.in

Leisa India Chief Editor : K.V.S. Prasad Managing Editor : T.M. Radha

yPrh vd;gJ Fiwe;j ntspapL nghUs; kw;Wk; epiyj;j Ntshz;ik vd;gjd; RUf;fkhFk;. Rw;Wr;RoYf;F cfe;j topfspy; cw;gj;jpiaAk;> tUkhdj;ijAk; ngUf;f tpUk;Gk; coth;fSf;F njhopw;El;g kw;Wk; r%f hPjpapyhd tha;g;Gfis cs;slf;fpajhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ cs;@h; ts Mjhuq;fs; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifapd; Nghf;Ffis msTld; gad;gLj;jp Njitg;gLk; NghJ ghJfhg;ghd msT ntspaPL nghUl;fis jpwd;gl ifahs;tjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ Mz; kw;Wk; ngz; coth;fis> me;j r%fj;ij Ragyk; kpf;fth;fshfTk;> rf;jp kpf;fth;fshfTk; khw;wp mjd;%yk; mth;fspd; vjph;fhyj;ij jq;fs; nrhe;j mwpT> jpwik>kjpg;gL P > fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; mikg;Gfis mikf;f cjTtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ khwptUk; #oy;fs; kw;Wk; NjitfSf;F Vw;g coth;fs; kw;Wk; ,ju gq;Fjhuh;fspd; jpwikfs;> gq;Nfw;G mZFKiwfs; %yk; gyg;gLj;JtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ ghuk;ghpa mwpitAk;> mwptpay; g+h;tkhd mwpitAk; ,izj;J mjd;%yk; nfhs;if cUthf;fj;jpy; jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp vjph;fhy tsh;r;rpf;F rhjfkhd #oiy cUthf;FtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ xU fUj;J> xU mZFKiw kw;Wk; tpNtfkhd nra;jp.

Translated by N. Lalitha Sakthivel Translation coordination Poornima Administration Rukmini G. G. Design and Layout M.S. Vasanth Christopher Printing L.S. Graphic Prints, Chennai Cover photo Farmer couple in their biodiverse farm Photo: AMEF Different editions

• Regional Editions Telugu, Hindi, Kannada, Marathi, Punjabi and Oriya • Farming Matters The Global edition in English • LEISA Revista de Agroecologia The Latin American edition in Spanish • LEISA India The Indian edition in English • AGRIDAPE The West African edition in French • Agriculturas, Experiencias em Agroecologia The Brazilian edition in Portuguese

The editors have taken every care to ensure that the contents of this magazine are as accurate as possible. The authors have ultimate responsibility, however, for the content of individual articles. The editors encourage readers to photocopy and circulate magazine articles.

Supported by MISEREOR, Published by AME Foundation yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

kpnrshpah; vd;gJ tsh;r;rp xj;Jiog;gpw;fhf> n[h;kdp ehl;by; cs;s fj; N jhypf; f ghjphpahh; f shy; 1958 Mk; Mz; b y; epWtg; g l; l Xh; epWtdkhFk;. kpnrshpah; fle;j 50 tUlq;fSf;Fk; Nkyhf Mg;gphpf;fh> Mrpah kw; W k; yj; j P d ; mnkhpf; f ehLfspy; Vo; i k xopg; g jw; f hd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jd;id mh;gzpj;J gzpahw;wp tUfpwJ. kjk;> ehfhPfk;> ghypdk; vd;w ve;j NtWghby;yhky; kdpj Fyj;jpd; Njitf;F jdJ cjtpia mspj;J tUfpwJ. Vio kw;Wk; gpd;jq;fpa kf;fs;> jhq;fshf Jtf;Fk; ve;j xU Kaw;rpf;Fk; MjuT nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W ek;GfpwJ. cs;@h; $l;lhspfSld;> Fwpg;ghf fpUj;Jt Nfhapy;fNshL njhlh;Gila epWtdq;fs;> muR rhuh epWtdq;fs;> r%f ,af;fq;fs;> Muha;r;rp epWtdq;fs; Nghd;wtw;NwhL ,ize;J gzpahw;Wtij tpUk;GfpwJ. gadhspfNshL ,ize;J> mjd; $l;lhspfs; cs;@h; ts Nkk;ghl;L Kiwfspy; cjtpAk;> jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;jpAk; tUfpd;wdh;. ,t;topahfNt> kpnrshpah; jdJ $l; l hspfSld; ,ize; J njhlh; r ; r pahf khwptUk; rthy; f is vjph;nfhs;fpwJ. www.misereor.de; www.misereor.org V.vk; . , gTz; N l\d; Fiwe; j ntspapL nghUs; %yk; ,aw; i f ts Mjhuq; f s; Nkyhz; i kf; f hf ghuk; g hpa mwpitAk; > Gjpa fz; L gpbg; G njhopw; E l; g q; f isAk; xd; w pizj; J epiyj; j tho; t hjhug; gzpfis ngUf; F tjpy; <Lgl; L tUfpwJ. V.vk; . , gTz; N l\d; Ntshz; i kapy; khw;WfisAk;> mwpitAk; ngUf;FtjpYk;> gapw;rpfs; mspg;gjpYk;> tsh;r;rp gzpfspy; <Lgl;L tUk; epWtdq;fNshL njhlh;Gfis Vw;gLj;JtjpYk;> mDgtq;fis gfph;e;J nfhs;tjw;Fk;> jf;fhz gPlg+kp gFjpfspy; rpW FW coth;fs; kj;jpapy; gzpahw;wp tUfpwJ. V.vk;., epWtdk; Mh;tKs;s tptrhaf; FOf;fSld; gy fpuhkq;fspy; khw;W tptrha Kiwfis ngUf;fTk;> eilKiwg;gLj;jTk; gzp nra;J tUfpwJ. ,e;j gFjpfs; ,aw;if Ntshz; Kiwfis nfhz;Ltu Kaw;rpf;Fk; kw; W k; eilKiwg; g Lj; j p nfhz; L tUk; jd; d hh; t f; FOf; f s; kw; W k; $l;likg;GfSf;F fw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; ,lq;fshfTk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. www.amefound.org

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,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh;; - 2015

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

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BAIF

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BAIF

caph; g y; t ifik ghJfhg; G kw; W k; tho;thjhu cah;T

jpidapy; tpijj; Njh;T

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ml;ltiz 1 : gy;NtW gz;GfSf;fhf Nrkpf;fg;gLk; ney; epy ,dq;fs; gz;Gfs;

epy ,dq;fspd; gl;bay;

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re;ij kjpg;G

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kUj;Jt Fzk;

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Mokhd jz;zPhpy; tsh;tJ

fh];nty;

gy;NtW czT tiffSf;F

gphpahzp> Gyht;> rpwg;G gyfhuk; - gq;f;yah> f];gha;> Nfhy;gp> kRuh> uh[;Fj;ah> Rh;jp nfhs;sk;> uFj;ah. fQ;rp - jq;fp (rptg;G) kw;Wk; jq;fp (nts;is)> k`jp gg;glk; - Jd;Jdp> uh[;Fj;ah>ky;Fj;ah. cilj;j mhprp (Ngh`h)> mty; - Jyh 1> Jyh 2> rhf;gj; yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLfpwJ. tptrha r%fq;fSf;F me;j gFjpapy; cs;s gaph; gy;tifik kw;Wk; ghJfhg; g pd; Njit Fwpj; J mjpfstpy; tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;Jtjw;F> r%f mstpyhd tpij nghUl;fhl;rp xU Kf;fpa fUtpahFk;. r%f mstpyhd tpij tpohf; f s; > tpij nghUl;fhl;rp kw;Wk; tay; jpd tpoh Mfpait kfhuh\; b uhtpy; gy gFjpapy; cs; s 4200 tptrhapfSf;F nrd;wile;jJ.

epow;glk;:

BAIF

tPl;Lj; Njhl;lj;jpy; gy;tifikia mjpfhpj;jy;

mRtpdp ney; ,ufj;ij itj;jpUf;Fk; Rdpy; fkhb

r%f mstpyhd tpij cw;gj;jpia epiyg;gjw;F r%f mstpyhd tpij Njh;T> tpij cw;gj;jp kw; W k; ghpkhw; w k; nra; t jw; f hd KiwAk; > fpuhk mstpy; jdpg; g l; l tpij ghJfhg; G KiwAk; cUthf;FtJ mtrpakhFk;. tpij cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; tpij Njh;T Kiwfis tpij Nrkpg; g hsh; FOkk; cWjpg; g Lj; J tNjhL> gq;Nfw;Fk; tptrhapfSf;F cfe;j KiwfisAk; fw;Wf;nfhLf;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j Nrkpg;ghsh; FOkk; jukhd tpij cw;gj;jpf;F tpij epyq;fis fz;fhzpf;Fk; mjpfhuk; cs;sJ. jw;NghJ ,e;j tpij Nrkpg;ghsh; FOkk; ney;> Nfo;tuF kw;Wk; gdptuF Mfpa gaph;fspd; gy;NtW epytiffis epyj;jpNyNa ghJfhf;Fk; ikaq;fis Nkk;gLj;Jk; jpwd;nfhz;Ls;sdh;. jw;rkak; 11 fpuhkq; f spy; 3 tpij Nrkpg; g hsh; f spd; FOkq;fs; gy;NtW tif gaph;fshd ney;> Nfo; t uF> gdptuF> kf; f hr; N rhsk; kw; W k; Nrhsk; Mfpatw;wpd; 250 epytifffs; r%f tpij tq;fp %yk; Nrfhpf;fg;gl;L tUfpwJ. tpij ghJfhg;G> tpij cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; r%f mstpyhd tpij tq; f pj; jpl; l j; j py; 11 fpuhkj;jpypUe;J Rkhh; 724 tptrhapfs; Neubahf <Lg;gl;Ls;sdh;. ,e;j Kiwfis ,d;Dk; gy fpuhkq;fSf;F gutyhf;fk; nra;tjw;F 10 ,isQh; f Sf; F ,e; j njhopy; E l; g q; f is Fwpj; J gapw; r p mspf; f g; g l; l J. ghh; g ; g J ek; g pf; i ff; F hpaJ vd; w gonkhopf; f pzq; f njhlh;e;J tay; ghh;it kw;;Wk; tay; jpd tpoh 6

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

goq;Fbapd r%fq;fs;> jq;fs; tPlL ; gpd;Gwj;jpy; mjpf rj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; MNuhf;fpa czTfs; fpilf; F k; gy; t if czT Mjhuq; f is itj;Js;sdh;. ,e;j r%fq;fs; ghuk;ghpakhf xt; n thU tP l ; b Yk; gy; N tW jhtuq; f is nfhz;L Njhl;lj;ij cUthf;Fth;. goq;Fbapd FLk;gq;fspd; tPl;bd; mUfpy; itj;jpUf;Fk; rpwpa ,lj;jpy; gy tifahd> gymLf;Ffs; nfhz;l kw;Wk; gy gad;fs; jUk; cs;@h; kuq;fs;> nrbfs; kw;Wk; nfhbfs; ahTk; mlq;fpAs;sJ. tPl;Lj; Njhl;lq;fspy; ngUk;ghYk; gl;lk; rhh;e;j kw;Wk; rj;Jf;fs; epiwe;j fha;fwpfs;> %ypif nrbfs;> gUtf;fhyq;fspy; tsh;f;fpd;wdh;. NkYk; rpy gytUl kuq;fs; tug;Gfspy; tsh;g;gh;. kuq;fs; kw; W k; fha; f wp tiffs; ahTk; cs; @ iu Nrh;e;jJ. ,e;j rpwpa ,lj;jpypUe;J fpilf;Fk; tpisnghUl;fs; midj;Jk; xU FLk;gj;jpw;F xU tUlk; KOtJk; Njitg;gLk; rj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; czT cj;jputhjj;ij cWjpgLj;JfpwJ.

fpilf;Fk; mq;fPfhuk; ,e;jpa murpd; fPo; nray;gl;LtUk; Ntshz; mikr; r fj; j pd; gaph; ,ufq; f s; ghJfhg; G kw;Wk; tptrhapfs; chpik fofk; vd;w mikg;G tpij Nrkpg;ghsh; tptrhapfspd; FOtpw;F gaph; kugZ Nrkpg;ghsh; r%f tpUJ 2011-12 toq;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j cahpa tpUJ gaph; kugZ Mjhuq;fis Nrkpj;jjw;fhf toq;fg;gl;lJ. NkYk; Nrhf; fpuhkj;jpypUe;J> jpU.ktd;[p gthh; kw;Wk; fkhbglh fpuhkj;jpypUe;J jpU. Rdpy; fkhb rpwe;j gaph; kugZ Nrkpg;ghsh; tptrhap mq;fPfhuk; 2011-2012” gaph; kugZ Mjhuq;fs; Nrkpg;gjw;F mth;fspd; kjpg;Gkpf;f gq;fpw;fhf ngw;wdh;.

Kd;Ndw;w top tptrhapfspd; tho; t hjhuj; i j cah; j ; J k; Nehf;fj;jpy; ntw;wpngw> tpij cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; cah;j;jg;gl;l gaph; cw;gj;jp njhopy;El;gq;fs;

ek;gpf;ifapd; tpijfs;> vjph;fhyj;jpd; tpijfs; fkhbglh fpuhkj; j py; ([tfh; jhYf; f h> jhNd khtl;lk;) cs;s> jpU. Rdpy; fkhb vd;w ,sk; tptrhapapd; taJ 35. VO cWg;gpdh;fs; nfhz;l ,tuJ FLk; g k; 3 Vf; f h; khdhthhp tptrha epyj;jpy; rhFgb nra;JtUfpd;wdh;. 2008 Mk; Mz;L msTf;F mjpfkhf ,urhad cuq;fs; gad;gLj;Jtjhy;> kz;zpd; tsk; kw;Wk; ePhg; g; pbg;Gj; jd;ik ngUksT Fiwe;Jnfhz;Nl tUfpwJ. ig‡g;-kpj;uh tpd; njhopy;El;g cjtpAld; kz; tsj;ij cah;j;JtJ> ,aw;if cuj;jpd; gad;ghL Fwpj;J fw;Wf;nfhz;lhh;. NkYk; ,aw;if cuq;fspd; cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; mjpf cw;gj;jp ngWtjw;F nrk;ik ney; rhFgb %yk; ney; rhFgb Fwpj;j gapw;rpAk; ,th; ngw;whh;. 2010 Mk; Mz; L > ig‡g; - d; gaphpd; Ed; k tsk; ghJfhf;Fk; epfo;r;rpapy; Rdpy; ,Lgl;lhh;. Ed;k tsj;ij epyj;jpNyNa ghJfhf;Fk; Kiw %yk; Rdpy; 21 ney; epy ,dq;fis ghJfhj;J itj;jpUe;jhh;. NkYk; ney;> Nfo;tuF kw;Wk; gdptuF gaph; f spy; gw; N fw; G ld; $ba tpij Njh;tpy; mDgtkpf;ftuhf tpsq;fpdhh;. fpoq;Ffs; (fhud;b> Nfhr;rp> Rud;)> gof;fha;fwpfs; (Ruf;fha;> ghfw;f;fha;> G+rzpf;fha;> fj;jhpf;fha;)> fP i u tiffs; (fhuhkzp> cUisf; f poq; F )> mtiuf; f ha; > gP d ; ] ; > jd; b yp Mfpa cs; @ h; ,ufq;fis Nrfhpj;J tPlL ; cgNahfj;jpw;F rhFgb nra;jhh;. ,e;jg; gzpapy; FLk;gk; KOtJkhf <Lgl;ldh;.

%yk; tptrhapfspd; mwpit jplk;ngwnra;tJ %yk; cWjpahfpwJ. vjph; f hyj; j py; > gaW tiffs; > fha; f wpfs; kw; W k; fhl; L czT Mjhuq;fs; Mfpatw;wpy; tptrhapfspd; ghh;it tphptiltjhy;> goq;F bapd r%fq;f Sf; F czT kw; W k; rj; J f; f s; cj; j puthjj; i j mspf;Fk;. r%f tpij tq;fpfs; ,izg;gjdhy; NkYk; gy tptrha FOf; f Sf; F gad; f s; nrd;wila cjTfpwJ. NkYk;> ,e;j ,izg;G xUq; f pizj; j y; kw; W k; kjpg; G f; $l; L jy; Nghd;wtw;wpd; %yk; re;ijfspy; rpwe;J tpsq;f topelj; J fpwJ. vdpDk; > ,J r%fstpy; kw;WnkhW Njitahd rpwe;j Nrkpg;G trjpfSf;F Fuy; vOg;GfpwJ. tptrha r%fq; f s; tpij ghJfhg; G kw; W k; epy ,dq; f is epiyj; J gad; n gwtjw; F

ney; gapiu Ma;T nra;Ak;NghJ> Rdpy; tof;fj;jpw;F khwhf xU new;fjpiu taypy; fz;lhh;. ,e;jf; fjphpy; jhdpaq; f s; mjpf vz; z pf; i fapYk; > nghpajhfTk; ,Ue; j J. ,e; j f; fjpiu kpf ftdkhf vLj; J gpd; mjid ehd; F njhlh; gUtj;jpw;F gaphpl;lhh;. mjhtJ> Nfhil 2010> fhP g ; 2011> Nfhil 2012> fhP g ; 2013. ig‡g; gzpahsh; f s; cjtpAld; %d; W tUlq; f s; njhlh;e;J J}a;ik gLj;jp> juk; cah;j;jp gpd; rpwg;G gz;GfisAila ,e;j Gjpa ,ufj;Njh;tpy; ntw;wpg; ngw;whh;. jhdpa kf#y;> rpW ,sk; jhdpaq;fs;> ,aw; i fapNyNa rhAk; jd; i kapy; y hj kw; W k; G+r;rp kw;Wk; Neha;fs; vjph;f;Fk; jd;ik Mfpait cs;sjhy; ,e;jg; gFjpAs;s tptrhapfs; ,e;j ,ufj; i j tpUk; G fpd; w dh; . 2012 Mk; Mz; L fhPg; gl;lj;jpy; Rdpy; 5 Ftpz;lhy; Gjpa Njh;T nra;ag;gl;l ney; tpijapid cw;gj;jp nra;J gy tptrhapfSf;F nfhz;L nry;y tpij tq;fpf;F mspj;J mth;fSf;F tpdpNahfk; nra;a itj;jhh;. tpij Nrkpg;ghsh;fs; tptrhapfs; FOtpd; Kf;fpa cWg; g pduhf cs; s hh; . Njh; T Kiwapy; mth; cUthf;fpa ,ufj;jpy;> Rdpy; vLj;j Kaw;rpfis ghuhl;b 2011-12 Mk; Mz;L GJ jpy;ypapy; jhtu Ed; k Nrkpg; g hsh; tptrha mq; f P f hu tpUJ nfhLj;jdh;. Rdpy;> ,e;j ney; ,ufj;ij m\;tpdp vd;W jd; kfspd; ngaiu #l;bAs;shh;. Rdpy;> me; j g; gFjpAs; s rf tptrhapfSf; F gaph; gy;tifikia Nrkpg;gjw;F cjtp nra;JtUfpwhh;.

<Lgl;bUe;jhYk;> ,e;j Mjhuq;fs; fhg;gjw;F rpy cjtpfs; NjitgLfpwJ. gaph; ,ufq;fs; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; tptrhapfs; chpik rl;lj;jpd; fPo; tptrhapfspd; ,ufq;fis gjpT nra;a Ntz;Lk;. rj;Jf;fs; Fwpj;J kf;fspd; mwpit kjpg; g P L nra; a ,urhad kw; W k; %yf; $ W msTfspy; ghpNrhjid nra; ; a Ntz; L k; . NkYk; b.vd;.V if Nuif mr;R kw;Wk; gaph; epy ,dq;fspd; jz;L tiug;glk; Mfpait Fwpj;Jk; mwpaitf;f Ntz;Lk;.  Mr. Sanjay M Patil works with BAIF Development Research Foundation, Dr. Manibhai Desai Nagar, N.H. 4, Warje, Pune- 411058, Maharashtra. E-mail: sanjaypatil21@gmail.com %yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> khh;r; 2014> thy;a+k; 16> ,jo; 1

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

Yogesh Shinde, WOTR

epow;glk;:

Nfhil 2012 y; jdJ khJis Njhl;lj;ij fhz;gpf;Fk; tptrhap

gaph; gy;tifik %yk; rPNjh\z khw;wq;fis Vw;Wnfhs;Sjy; <\;th; fhNy kw;Wk; khh;nry;yh bNrh]h vy;yh,lj;jpYk; tptrhapfs;> Ntshz;-rPNjh\z epiy khw;wq;fis vjph;nfhs;tjw;F Nghuhb tUk; epiyapy;> kfhuh\;buh khepyj;jpy; Fk;gh;thb fpuhkj;jpy; cs;s rpy tptrhapfs; ,e;j #o;epiyf;F Vw;wthW gy;tifik Kiwapy; gaph; rhFgb nra;JtUfpd;wdh;. gy;tifik Kiwapy; gaph; rhFgb nra;tjhy; rPNjh\z kw;Wk; re;ij gpur;ridfs; Fiwg;gNjhL> FLk;gj;jpw;F Njitahd gy;tif kw;Wk; Cl;lr;rj;J czTfSk; fpilf;Fk; epiy Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. fle;j rpy tUlq;fspy;> tptrhapfs; thdpiy khw;wq;fis ngUkstpy; re;jpj;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,J fhyk; fle;J kio nga;jy;> fhyk; jtwp kio nga;jy;> nts;sk;> mjpf ntg;gk; Nghd;w gy;NtW ghpzhkq; f spdhy; gaph; f s; NrjkilfpwJ. cjhuzkhf> m`kj;efh; khtl;lk; mNfhy; tl;lj;jpy; cs;s fpuhkq;fspy; ugp gl;lj;jpy; tpijj;j NfhJik kw;Wk; epyf;fliy ahTk; Nrjkhapd. ,jw;F Kf;fpa fhuzk; etk;gh; 2010 ,Wjpapy; gl;lk; jtwp nga;j fdkioahy; epyj; j py; jz; z P h ; Njq; f p gaph; f s; ahTk; ghohapd. brk;gh; khjk; kWtpijg;G nra;J> ugp mWtilapy; 50 rjtpfpjNk kf#y; ngw;wdh;. ,Njkhjphp> Nk 2011 khjk; ,Wjp thuj;jpy; nga;j fd kioapdhy;> mWtil epiyapy; ,Ue;j fk;G kw;Wk; epyf;fliy gaph;fs; Rkhh; 8

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

50% Nrjkile;jd. kPz;Lk; 9 gpg;uthp 2012> gl;lk; jtwp gdp nga;jjpy; epyf;fliy tpijfs; Nghd;w gaph; Kisj;j jUthapy; Nrjkile;jd. ,jdhy; mjpfstpy; Vw;gLk; vjph;ghuhj gUt khw;wq;fSf;F <LnfhLf;f tptrhapfs; kpfTk; f\;lg;gLfpd;wdh;. 1996-2001 fhyfl;lj;jpy;> Fk;gh;thb fpuhkk; cl;gl kfhuh\;buh khepyj;jpd; gy gFjpfspy; ,e; j pa n[h; k hdpa eP h ; t bg; g Fjp tsh; r ; r p jpl; l j; i j lgs; A .x.b.Mh; vd; w njhz; L epWtdk; nray;gLj;jpaJ. ePht ; bg;gFjp tsh;rr ; p jpl; l k; epiwtile; j g; g pd; lgs; A .x.b.Mh; epWtdk; [pIv]; vd;W nrhy;yg;gLk; Gtpapay; jfty; Kiw %yk; me;j fpuhkj;jpy; Vw;gl;l nrbnfhbfs; kw;Wk; gaphpLk; Kiw Fwpj;j

khw; w q; f is Ma; T nra; j J. me; j tUlk; Fiwe;j msNt kio nga;jpUe;jhYk; gaph;fspy; gy;tifikia fhz Kbe;jJ. lgs;A.x.b.Mh; epWtdk; fpuhkq;fspy; fz;l gaph; gy;tifik cUthfpa fhuzj;ij Ghpe;Jnfhs;s NkYk; Ma;T elj;J tjw;F ,e;j KbT ce;J jyhf ,Uf;fpwJ. gy;NtW fhyq;fspy;> fpuhkj;jpy; cs;s gaph; tptuj;ij Ma;T nra;a xg;gPl;L Kiwia gad;gLj;jpNdhk;. gaph; tptuj;ij> 1996 (jpl;lj;jpw;F Kd;)> 2011> 2012 vd %d;W gphpTfshf gphpj;J ml;ltiz jahhpj;Njhk;. 2012 Mk; Mz; L mjpf gaph; gy; t ifik cUthf; f pajd; fhuzj; i j Ghpe; J nfhs; s ehq;fs; xU Ma;T Kiwia gpd;gw;wpNdhk;. ,e;j Ma;tpy;> gzg;gaph;fs;> Njhl;lg;gaph;fs;> jPtdg;gaph;fs; kw;Wk; fha;fwpg; gaph;fSf;F khwpa tptrhapfis <LgLj;jpNdhk;. NkYk;> gaWtifg; g aph; f s; kw; W k; jhdpag; g aph; rhFgbapy; Vw;gl;l khw;wj;ij Ghpe;Jnfhs;s khjphp tptrhapfspy; Njh;en ; jLf;fg;gl;l gpujpepjp tptrhapfis <LgLj;jpNdhk;. gaph; rhFgb Kiwapy; khw;wk; Vw;gl;lJ Fwpj;J tptrhapfspd; mDgtq;fs; kw;Wk; Ghpjy;fs; Fwpj;J fpuhk tptrhapfsplk; FO fye;Jiuahliy $Ljyhf elj;jpNdhk;.

jz;zPh; Nrkpg;G gaph; gy;tifikia cs;spOj;jJ Nkw; F kfhuh\; b uh> m`kj; e fh; khtl; l k; rq; k dh; jhYf; f htpd; 45 fp.kP . njd; N kw; F gFjpapy; mike;Js;sJ Fk;gh;thb fpuhkk;. Ff; f puhk mikg; g py; ,Uf; F k; FLk; g q; f s; cl;gl ,e;j fpuhkj;jpy; nkhj;jk; 145 FLk;gq;fs; ,Uf; f pd; w d. fpuhkj; j pd; Kjd; i k gzp tptrhak; vd;whYk;> rpy FLk;gq;fs; fhy;eilia tsh; j ; J tUfpd; w d. mjdhy; fhy; e il tsh;gG ; (fyg;gpd khLfs;)> ,uz;lhtJ $Ljy; tho;thjukhf fUjg;gLfpwJ. kfhuh\;buh khtl;lj;jpd; kio Fiwe;J nga;Ak; gFjpapy; (ruhrhp 500kp.kP./tUlk;) Fk;gh;thb fpuhkk; mike;Js;sjhy;> twl;rp njhlh;e;J Vw;gLk; epfo;thf cs;sJ. 1996 Mk; tUlk; ,e;jpa n[h;khdpa ePht ; bg;gFjp tsh;r;rp jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;Jtjw;F Kd;dh; me;j fpuhkj;jpy; gpd;gw;wg;gl;l gaph;r; rhFgb Kiwfs; fP o ; f z; l thW- ,uz; L Kf; f pa gaph; f shd fk; G (fhP g ; ) kw; W k; Nrhsk; (ugp) Mfpatw; W ld; jP t dj; j pw; F Fiwe; j stpy; nghpatiu> gr;ir gaph;>nfhs;S kw;Wk; fUk;G rhFgb nra;ag;gLfpwJ. nkhj;jk; 325.5 n`f;lh; epyj;jpy; kioia ek;gp rhFgb nra;ag;gLfpwJ>

,jpy; 66 n`f;lh; epyk; jhprhf tplg;gLfpwJ. fk;G (168 n`f;lh;)fhPg; gl;lj;jpYk;> Nrhsk; (149 n`f;lh;) ugp gl;lj;jpYk; rhFgb nra;Ak; Kf;fpag;gaph;fs;. FLk;g Njitf;fhf ,it (czT kw;Wk; jPtdk;) rhFgb nra;ag;gLfpwJ. NfhJik rhFgbia Nfs;tpg;gltpy;iy. ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpw;Fgpd; 2002 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; jz;zPh; msT mjpfhpj;jjhy; tptrhapfs; NfhJik> jf;fhsp kw;Wk; ntq;fhak; Mfpag; gaph;fis rhFgb nra;a Jtq;fpdh;. vq; f s; Ma; t pd; N ghJ 2011 Mk; Mz; L tUlhe; j pu kioasT ruhrhpiatpl rpwpNj Fiwe; j pUe; j J. vdpDk; [_d; khjk; Kjy; kw;Wk; ,uz;lhtJ thuj;jpy; (fhPg; gl;lj;jpd; tpijg;G fhyk;) > nrg;lk;gh; khjk; kj;jpapYk; (ugp gl;lj;jpd; tpijg;G fhyk;) ey;y kio nga;jij njhpe;Jf;nfhz;Nlhk;. ey;y kio nga;jpUe;jjhy;> 414.75 n`f;lh; mlq;fpa nkhj;j gFjpAk; rhFgb nra;ag;gl;lJ. tptrhapfs; 15 tpjkhd gaph; f s; rhFgb nra;jdh;. fhPg; gl;lj;jpy; fk;G (40 n`f;lh;) ntq;fhak;> jf;fhsp kw;Wk; Nrhah Mfpait mjpfstpy; rhFgb nra;ag;gl;ld. ugp gl;lj;jpy; NfhJik (80 n`f;lh;)> Nrhsk; (60 n`f;lh;)> ntq;fhak; kw;Wk; jf;fhsp Mfpait Kf;fpag; gaph; f shFk; . Nfhilg; gl; l j; j py; jf; f hsp (10 n`f;lh;) kw;Wk; jPtdj;ij (25 n`f;lh;) tptrhapfs; tsh; f ; f pd; w dh; . ,e; j %d; W gl; l q; f isj; jhz; b tptrhapfs; ehd; F ,ufq; f is nfhz; l gaW tif kw; W k; rpy fha; f wpfis rhFgb nra; f pd; w dh; . ,uz; L tptrhapfs; khJis rhFgbAk; nra;JtUfpd;wdh;.

Fiwe; j kio nga; j #o; e piyia Vw;Wnfhs;Sjy; 2011 Mk; Mz; L nga; j kioasit (450 kp.kP) tpl 2012 Mk; Mz;L nga;j kioasT Fwpg; g pl; l msT Fiwe; J s; s J. nkhj; j tUlhe;jpu kioastpy; 2011Mk; Mz;by; 86 ehl;fspypUe;J 2012 Mk; Mz;by; 60 ehl;fshf Fiwe;Js;sJ. ,jpy; ,uz;L kio ehl;fspy; NtWghLfs; kw;Wk; ,ilntspfs; ,Ue;jd. 2012 Mk; Mz; L > fhP g ; gl; l tpijg; g pw; F Njitahd ey;y kio jhkjkhdJ> [_iy Kjy; thuj;jpy; te;jJ. ugp gl;lj;jpYk; nrg;lk;gh; ,WjpapYk; > mf; N lhgh; Kjy; thuj; j pYk; jhkjkhf kio nga;jJ. kiotUk; gUtj; j py; khw; w kpUe; j jhy; gaph; Njh;T Fwpj;J tptrhapapd; ghh;it khwpAs;sJ. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

Fiwe;j msT kio nga;jhYk; tptrhapfshy; ,g;nghOJk; gy gaph;fs; rhFgb nra;a KbfpwJ. rhFgb gFjp 318 n`f; l h; vd; W Fiwe; j NghjpYk; tptrhapfs; %d;W gUtq;fspYk; mjpfgl;r gaph; gy;tifikia gpd;gw;w Kbe;jJ. Rkhh; 24 tif gaph;fs; rhFgb nra;ag;gl;lJ. rpW jhdpaq;fs;> gaW tif gaph;fs;> fha;fwpfs;> jPtdg;gaph;fs;> go kuq;fs; kw;Wk; rdy; vLf;Fk; gUj; j p kw; W k; rdg; i g gaph; f s; Mfpait mlq;Fk;. Kf;fpag; gapuhd Nrhsk; 142 n`f;lupy; rhFgb nra;ag;gl;lJ> ,J 2011 Mk; Mz;L nra;ag;gl;lijtpl ,uz;L klq;F mjpfk;. 2012 Mk; Mz; L fhP g ; gl; l j; j py; Fiwe; j kioasT kw;Wk; gUtk; jhkjkhdjhy;> fk;G gapu; 2011 Mk; Mz;L rhFgb nra;jijtpl ,uz; L klq; F nra; a g; g l; l J. ,uz; L gUtj;jpy; gaph;fs; (fhPg; kw;Wk;; ugp) rhFgb nra;a KbAk; vd;w cWjp ,y;yhj epiyapy;> cWjpahf fhPg; gapiu rhFgb nra;;a Ntz;Lk; vd; w vz; z k; tptrhapfsplk; ,Ue; j J. tUkhdj;ij jtpu tPlL ; j;Njitf;fhf gaph;fs; tsh;f;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; ,Ue;jJ. Mifahy;> fk;GTld; Nrh;j;J mtiu> cSe;J> Nrhah> jf; f hsp kw; W k; gl; l hdp Mfpait rpwpastpy; tpijj;jdh;. tptrhapfs; cSe;Jg; gapiu gaph; Row;rp KiwNahL ,izj;jdh;. ,ij fhPg; gUtj;jpy; rhFgb nra;tjdhy;> ugpapy; rhFgb nra;ag;gLk; Nrhsj;jpd; kf#y; mjpfhpf;Fk; vd;W tptrhapfs; $Wfpd;wdh;. ,uz;L tptrhapfs; gUj;jp kw;Wk; rdg;ig rhFgbapy; ghpNrhjid nra;jdh;. kz;zpd; ePh; gpbg;Gj; jd;ikia mjpfhpf;f gRe;jhs; cukhf rdg; i gia xU tptrhap gad; g Lj; j pdhh; . mtiu nghUj;jtiuapy; rhpahd jUzj;jpy; kio nga;ahj fhuzj;jhy; %lhf;F NghLtjw;F cfe;j gUtk; ,y;yhky; Nghdjhy; tpij vLf;f tsh;g;gjhf $wpdhh;. Fiwe;j jz; z P h ; ,Ug; g jhy; > tP l ; L cgNahfj; J f; F kl; L k; Nrhsk; rhFgb nra; a g; g LfpwJ. Nrhsk; > 2012 Mk; Mz; L > kdpjh; f Sf; F czTk;> fhy;eilfSf;F jPtdKk; mspj;jJ. tpijg;Gf;F gpwF xU kio nga;jhy; Nrhsk; cw;gj;jp FiwthfNt ,Uf;Fk;> xUNtis kio nga;atpy;iy vd;why; cw;gj;jp kpfTk; FiwAk;> Mdhy; mJ jPtdj;ij jUk; vd;W tptrhapfs; $Wfpd;wdh;. gaph; fopTfSf;F re;ijapy; ey;y tuNtw;Gk; cs;sJ. NfhJik tptrhapfis nghUj;jtiuapy; xU Kiw ghrdk; nra;tij jtwtpl; l hy; NfhJik cw; g j; j p Nkhrkhf ghjpg; g ilAk; vd mij rhFgb nra; A k; tptrhapfs; gfph;e;Jnfhz;ldh;. ntg;gj;jpy; 10

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

rpwpa khw;wk; Vw;gl;lhYk; NfhJik cw;gj;jp ghjpg;gilAk;. tptrhapfs; jf;fhsp kw;Wk; ntq;fha rhFgb gFjpia kpfTk; Fiwe;Jtpl;L mjw;F gjpyhf Nrhsg; g apiu jhz; b gaWtif gaph; f s; kw; W k; vz; n za; t pj; J gaph; f s; rhFgb nra; ag; gLfpwJ. Jtiug; gapUf; F Fiwe; j jz;zPh; Njitg;gLfpwJ> mjpf re;ij kjpg;Gk;> mjd; fopT jP t dkhfTk; gad; g Lj; j yhk; vd tptrhapfs; gfph; e ; J nfhd; l dh; . rpy tptrhapfs; Jtiug; gaph; mjpf ntg;gj;jpYk; ed;F gad; juf;$baJ kw;Wk; Fiwe;j G+r;rp jhf; F jYf; F l; g l; l J vd; W $wpdh; . tP l ; L cgNahfj; j pw; F vd; W 8 Vf; f hpy; jdpahf epyf;fliy rhFgb nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,jw;Fk; Fiwe;j jz;zhP ; Njitg;gLfpwJ. NfhJikf;F 7-8 Kiw ghrdk; nra; a g; g Lk; Neuj; j py; epyf;fliyf;F 1-2 Kiw ghrdk; nra;jhy; ey;y kf#y; fpilf;Fk;. ntq;fhak; kw;Wk; jf;fhspg; gapUld;> fha;fwp gaph;fspdhy; Kl;ilNfh];> ntz;ilf;fha; kw;Wk; kpsfha; Nghd;w rpy gaph;fs; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;ld. ,it tPl;L cgNahfk; kw;Wk; re;ijf;Fk; gad;gLfpwJ. mjpf tUkhdk; Nfhilg; gaphpypUe;J ngWtjhy; ,it Kd;Ndhb tptrhapfis <h;jj ; J. ,d;Dk; rpy tptrhapfs; mjid gpd;gw;wpdh;. vdpDk;> ntq;fhak; kw;Wk; jf;fhsp gaph;fSf;F mjpf jz;zhP ; Njit vd;gjhy;> ,jd; rhFgb gug;gsT Fiwe; j jpUf; f pwJ. ,jw; F gjpyhf jP t dg; Gw;fSk;> gaph;fs; tsh;fpd;wdh; (kf;fhNrhsk;> Nful; kw; W k; fUk; G ). kf; f hNrhsk; rhFgb 10 n`f; l hpypUe; J 23 n`f; l h; gug; g sT mjpfhpj; J s; s J. eP h ; t bg; g Fjp tsh; r ; r pf; F Kd; ,y;yhj Njhl;lf;fiyg; gaph;fs; jw;NghJ mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. Fiwe;j kioNa MapDk;> 2012 Mk; Mz;L khJisapd; rhFgb 10 n`f; l uhf cah; e ; J s; s J. NkYk; mjpf re;ij kjpg;G kl;Lkpy;yhky;> Fiwe;j jz;zi P u gad;gLj;jp nrhl;L ePh;g;ghrdk; nra;ayhk;> NkYk; ,J mjpf ntg;gj;ijAk; jhq;ff;$baJ. kw;w gaph;fisf; fhl;bYk; khJis rhFgbapy; Fiwthd vz; z pf; i fapy; $ypahl; f s; Njitg;gLfpwJ. ,J tptrhapfSf;F Kf; f pakhFk; . kh rhFgb 0.33 n`f; l hpy; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. khh;r-; Nk 2012 fhyj;jpy;> Njhl;lf;fiy kw;Wk; Nfhilg;gaph; rhFgbf;F> khJis fha; g ; g pbg; g jw; F > 50 lhq; f h; yhhp jz;zPh; ngw &gha; 80>000/- KjyPL nra;jdh;. fyg;gpd gRf;fs; cs;s ,e;j fpuhkj;jpy; 156 fhy;eilfs; cs;sd. ,jd; %yk; ruhrhpahf

ml;ltiz 1 gaph;

tptrhapfs; (vz;zpf;if)

gug;gsT (n`f;lh;)

fk;G 13 Nrhsk; 14 NfhJik 5 gaW kw;Wk; vz;nza; tpj;J gaph;fs; mtiu 4 cSe;J 5 Nrhah 1 Jtiu 18

1.58 2.04 0.88

epyf;fliy

1.45

nfhz;il fliy gzg;gaph; kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs; Kl;ilNfh]; ntz;ilf;fha; ntq;fhak; jf;fhsp gl;lhdp kpsfha; gUj;jp rdg;ig

1.09

1 4 11 10 3 9 5 1

0.29 0.10 1.83 2.33 0.40 0.90 0.89 0.19

0.60 0.50 0.10 3.63

nkhj;j cw;gj;jp (fp.fp) 5800 440 400 25 400 80 3370 200 nfhl;ilfs; 175 100 200 2100 44400 125 310 1280 400

tPl;L cgNahfk; kw;Wk; tpij Nrfhpg;G (fp.fp) 5800 440 400

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200

175

10 5 340 100 340 100 0 60

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nra; j tptrhapfs; Jtiu kw; W k; mtiu Nghd; w gaph; f is FLk; g j; Njitf; f hf gad; g Lj; j pnfhz; L Njitf; F mjpfkhf ,Uf; F k; nghUis tpw; f pd; w dh; . nkhj; j Nrhahit re;ijf;Fk; nkhj;j epyf;fliyia tPl;bw;Fk; gad;gLj;jpnfhs;fpd;wdh;.

caph;g;gy;tifik gy;NtW Njitfis G+h;j;jp nra;fpwJ.

KbT

cw;gj;jpapy; vjph;g;ghuhj khw;wk; Vw;gLk;NghJ> tPl;L czT cj;jputhjj;jpw;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspf; f g; g LfpwJ. jhdpa tifg; g aph; f is rhFgb nra;Ak; vy;yh tptrhapfSk; tPl;L gad;ghl;bw;F kpf Mj;khh;j;jkhf nra;jdh;. mth; f spy; gaWtif gaph; f is rhFgb

2012 Mk; Mz;L> fha;fwp my;yJ gzg;gaph;fs; rhFgb nra;Ak; tptrhapfs; tPlL ; j;Njitf;fhf Ntz;ba msit Nrkpj;J itj;jdh;. rdg;ig tpij %yk; nfhQ;rk; tUkhdj;ij ghh;j;j mNj Neuj; j py; ghpNrhjid mbg; g ilapy; tsh;f;fg;gl;l gUj;jpapd; %yk; Ftpz;lhYf;F &gha; 4000 ngw;wdh;. ,jdhy; ,e;j twl;rp tUlj; j py; gaph; gy; t ifik czT kw; W k; rj; J f; f s; cj; j puthjj; i j cWjp nra; j J. (ghh;f;f ml;ltiz 1)

ePh;tbg; gFjp tsh;r;rp jpl;lk; Kjy; jz;zPh; gw; w hFiw cs; s ,e; j g; gFjp jz; z P h ; fpilj;jjhy; tptrhapfs; ek;gpf;if ngw;wdh;. gy;NtW Njitfis G+h;j;jp nra;a ,Uf;Fk; Mjhuq;fis gad;gLj;jp ghpNrhjid nra;a Mh; t Kk; mth; f Sf; F J}z; b aJ. twl; r p tUlj; j pYk; $l tptrhapfs; mth; f Sf; F yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

mwpKfkhd gaph;fis gad;gLj;jpdh;. czT cj; j puthjk; kw; W k; tP l ; L j; NjitfSf; F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ. mNjrkaj;jpy; tUkhdj;jpd; Njitia xJf;fTk; ,y;iy. ePh;tbg;gFjp tsh;r;rp jz;zPh; Mjhuj;ijAk;> epyj;jpd; cw;gj;jp jpwid mjpfhpf;fr; nra;tNjhL tptrhapfspd; rpf;fiy Vw;Wnfhs;Sk; jpwid tphptiltjw;F ,e;jj; jpl;;lk; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpd;wJ. tptrhapfspd; fw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; kw; W k; ghpNrhjid nra; A k; Mh; t k; twl; r p fhyj;jpYk; fzf;fPL nra;J KbT nra;Ak; jpwid ekf;F fhl;LfpwJ. epiyj;j Ntshz;ik Kiwfs; Fwpj;J Ntshz; mwpTiuahsh;fs; kw; W k; cjtpahsh; f s; gapw; r paspj; j jhy; > thdpiy khw; w q; f is vjph; n fhs; s Tk; > rPNjh\z khw;wq;fSf;F jahuhf ,Uf;fTk;> tptrhapfis khw; W j; j pl; l q; f is tFf; F k; tifapy; ,J rpwe;j gq;fspf;Fk;.

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

ed;wp $Wjy; Fk;gh;thb fpuhk tptrhapfSf;F mth;fspd; Neuj; i j vq; f NshL nrytopj; J jq; f spd; mDgtq;fisAk;> vz;zq;fisAk; gfph;e;Jnfhz;ljw;F ed;wp. NkYk; NahNf\; \pd;Nl> mjpjp jpNahjh;> tpdpj; u];fhh; kw;Wk; jhk]; gl; f y; k hy; MfpNahUf; F Ma; t py; jq;fspd; fUj;ij mspj;jjw;F ed;wp. ,e;j Ma;tpw;F cjtp nra;j tsh;r;rp kw;Wk; $l;L nray; FOtpw;fhd Rtp]; Kfikf;F vq;fspd; ed;wpfis $WfpNwhk;.  Eshwer Kale (eshwer.kale@wotr.org.in) is Senior Researcher in Watershed Organisation Trust (WOTR), Pune and doctoral student at Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai. Dr. Marcella D’souza (exec. director@wotr.org) is Executive Director of WOTR. %yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> khh;r; 2014> thy;a+k; 16> ,jo; 1

gy;NtW ghuk;ghpa ,ufq;fis fhz;gpf;Fk; Mjpthrp ngz;

,aw;iff;F jpUk;Gjy; gp];thNkhfd; nkh`e;jp rpW tptrhapfspd; czT cw;gj;jp cs;@h; caph;r;#oiy mbg;gilahf nfhz;Ls;sjhy; epiyj;Jk;> rPNjh\z khw;wq;fis jhq;F$bajhfTk;> caph;gy;tifikia mjpfhpf;fTk; nra;fpwJ. ky;fq;fphpapy; cs;s Mjpthrp tptrhapfs; caph;r;#oy; njhopy;El;gq;fspy; fz;%bj;jdkhd ek;gpf;if itj;jpUg;gjhy;> fl;Lg;ghl;Lld; ,oe;j tpijfs; kw;Wk; tho;thjhuj;ij kPz;Lk; ngw;WtUfpd;wdh;. xbrhtpy; ky;fq;fphp khtl;lj;jpy; ky;yy;Flh xU rpwpa fpuhkk; MFk;. ,e;j fpuhkj;jpy; Rkhh; 78 Mjpthrp FLk;gq;fs; trpf;fpd;wdh;> ,th;fspy; ngUk; g hd; i kapdh; khdhthhp epyj; i jNa rhh;e;jpUf;fpd;wdh;. ,e;j r%fj;jth; ghuk;ghpa Ntshz; njhopy;El;gq;fspy; ngah; Nghdth;fs;. vdpDk; gRik Gul; r p njhopy; E l; g q; f is tPhpa xl;L tpijfs; kw;Wk; ,urhadq;fshy; mth;fSk; etPd Ntshz; njhopy;El;gj;jpw;F khw Muk;gpj;jdh;. Jtf;f tUlq;fspy; ngw;w mjpf kf#y; <h;j;J fpl;ljl;l midtiuAk; Gjpa njhopy; E l; g j; i j gpbj; J nfhz; l dh; . tUlk; nry; y nry; y kf#y; mjpfhpg; g J epiyf;fhJ vd tptrhapfs; czh;ej ; dh;. gpwF> kz;zpYk;> rl;il igapYk;> tho;thjhuj;jpYk; Nrjk; Vw;gl;lJ. fpuhk kWfl;likg;G kw;Wk; xUq;fpize;j r%f Nrit nray;ghLfSf;fhd epWtdk; ,e;jg; gFjpapy; caph;r# ; oy; Ntshz;ikia Gjpg;gpf;Fk;

Nehf;fj;NjhL ,e;j fpuhk r%fq;fspy; 2007 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; gzp nra;a njhlq;fpaJ. czT kw; W k; tho; t hjhu gpur; r idfis tphpthf fye;Jiuahbajpy;> czT gw;whFiw gpur; r idia vjph; n fhs; s Ntz; L khdhy; epyj;jpd; mbg;gil ,LnghUshd tpijia fl;Lghl;by; itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;gij r%fq;fs; fz;Lgpbj;jd. Kjypy; ghuk;ghpa tpijfis GJg;gpj;J> tpij fpilf;f nra;J gpd;dh; me;j tpij Mjhuj;ij fl;Lghl;by; itj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. r%fj;jpy; midtUk; ghuk;ghpa tpijfis Njb nrd;wdh;. FLk;gq;fspy; fpilj; j cs; @ h; tpijfs; ahTk; kpff; FiwthfNt ,Ue;jJ. jhdpaKk;> gaW tifAk; mUfpy; cs;s fpuhkj;jpy; tpij ghpkhw;w Kiw %yk; Nrfhpf;fg;gl;lJ. cs;@h; tpijfis ngUf;fk; nra;Ak; Nehf;fj;ij jpwk;gl nra;Ak; %j;j tptrhapfs;> fpuhk jiyth;fs; %yk; Njh;T nra; a g; g l; l dh; . Ntshz; i k mikg; G fspy; caph;gy;tifikia mjpfhpf;f rG[h ghjh;> yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

fuhghp Nghd;w ghuk;ghpa rhFgb khjphpfis GJg;gpf;f FbapUg;Nghiu Cf;Ftpf;f r%fq;fs; jPhk ; hdk; nra;jdh;. ,jid topelj;j Mjpthrp tptrhaf; FOf; f s; $l; L kw; W k; fpuhk kl;lj;jpy; tpij tiug;gl mZFKiwapy; gzp nra;J mjid fpuhk gQ;rhaj;J rq;fhjd; gfph; e ; J nfhz; l dh; . ,e; j g; gFjpapy; gaph; rj;Jf;fs; mjpfhpg;gjw;F ,e;j Kiw xU ey;y tha;g;G fpilj;jJ. nrhe;j jpwikapy; cs;@h; tpijfis jhNd Njh;T nra;tjw;F gjpyhf czT cw;gj;jpia mjpfhpf;f tpij ghpkhw;wk; xU fUtpahdJ. ghuk; g hpa fyg; G g; g aph; njhopy;El;gj;jpd; Mw;wiy fUj;jpy; nfhz;L ky; y y; F lh tptrhapfs; ,e; j goikahd njhopy; E l; g khd fyg; G g; g apiu mth; f sJ epyj;jpy; nra;tjhf KbT nra;jdh;. gaW tifg;gaph;fs;> jhdpaq;fs;> rpW jhdpaq;fs; Mfpait fyg;Gg;gaphpy; gad;gLj;jpa ,e;j Kiwia jw; N ghJ 78 tptrha FLk; g q; f s; gpd; g w; W fpd; w dh; . tUlk; KOtJk; czT mWtil nra; A k; tifapy; r%fq; f s; > gaph; f is xUq; f pizj; j dh; . kz; tsk; tphptile;jJ. NkYk; rPNjh\d khw;wj;jij re;jpf;f khw;Wj;jpl;lj;ij gz;izapy; nra;tJ mjpfhpj;Js;sJ. 2014 Mk; Mz;by;> Rkhh; 10 FLk;gq;fs; 1-6 gaph; ,ufq;fis kw;Wk; 7 FLk;gq;fs; 7-15 gaph; ,ufq;fis epyj;jpy; rhFgb nra;fpd;wdh;. Nfhil gUtj;jpYk; r%fq;fs; czT rhFgb nra;fpd;wdh;. twl;rpia vjph;f;Fk; fha;fwp ,ufq;fs; kw;Wk; nfhbfis Njhe;njLj;J> ,Uf; F k; kz; z pd; <ug; g jj; i j itj; J fha; f wp cw; g j; j pia Nkk; g Lj; J fpd; w dh; . tPLfspypUe;J fpilf;Fk; tPzhd jz;zPh; gaph; Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;F cgNahfg;gLj;jgLfpwJ. jput cuk; MNuhf;fpa nrbfs; tsh;g;gjw;F gad; g LfpwJ. FLk; g j; j pdhpd; Njitia G+h;j;jp nra;tJ kl;Lkpy;yhky;> jpUkjp. kq;Fyp gq;fp> rpwg;ghf nray;gLk; kfsph;> 2012 Mk; Mz;L twz;l Nfhilapd;NghJ tpw;w fha;fwp %yk; &.4500 <l;bdhh;. 2014 Mk; Mz;L> 39 FLk;gq;fs; %d;W khjq;fSf;F fha;fwpfis

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

tsh; f ; f pd; w dh; NkYk; 27 FLk; g q; f s; 4-6 khjq;fSf;F tsh;f;fpd;wdh;.

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Biswamohan Mohanty Organisation for Rural Reconstruction & Integrated Social Service Activities (ORRISSA), 40/570, Laxmi Vihar, Post: Sainik School, Bhubaneswar-751005, Odisha E-mail: orrissabbsr@gmail.com %yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> [_d; 2014> thy;a+k; 16> ,jo; 2 yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

36 kP d t fpuhkq; f spypUe; J Rkhh; 15000 ghuk;ghpa kPdth;fs; md;whl tho;thjhuj;jpw;F Mw;W Eiothapiy Neubahf rhh;e;Js;sdh;. ruhrhpahf ghuk; g hpa kP d th; f s; kP d ; gpbg; G gzpfspy; &.10000 - 12000 / khjk; tUkhdk; ngWth;. 2003 kw;Wk; 2009 KiwNa fLth kw;Wk; Njtp MWfs; Fz;ly;gh kw;Wk; ,ju fpuhkq;fspy; cs;s E}w;Wf;fzf;fhd Vf;fh; epyq;fs; kpf Nkhrkhf ghjpg;gile;jpUe;jJ. kPdth;fSk;> kw;w tptrhapfs; mth;fSila ,og;gpw;F ve;j e\;l<Lk; ngwtpy;iy. NkYk; gy;NtW epyq;fs; jw; N ghJk; jz; z P h py; Ko; f papUf; f pwJ. kP d ; gpbj;jy;> tptrhak; nra;ahjth;fs; ,lk; ngaUk; $ypj;njhopyhspfshf ngUk;ghyhd ntsp khepyj;jpy; gzp Ghpfpd;wdh;.

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r%fq;fspd; tho;thjhuk; Fwpg;gpl;l mopit uhl; r j miyfs; kw; W k; GaNyhL twz; l #oYf;F ,aw;if jLg;ghfTk; ,Uf;fpwJ. ey;y rJg;Gepy mikg;G Rw;Wg;Gwk; kw;Wk; r%f kw;Wk; caph;r# ; oy; mikg;GfSf;F gy;NtW ed;ikfs; mjpfhpf;fpd;wdh;. 1985 Mk; Mz;L rJg;Gepy glh;tpy; cs;s Njtp MW 2.58 rJu fp.kP Kjy; 2 rJu fp.kP f;Fk; Fiwthd mstpy; 1997 Mk; Mz;L Vw;gl;l #whtsp %yk; Fiwe;Js;sJ. 1999 Mk; Mz;L Vw;gl;l Roy; me;j gFjpapy; cs;s rJg;Gepy jhtuq;fs; my;yJ flw;fiu rTf;F kuq;fs; midj;jAk; rpwpjsT $l tpl;L itf;ftpy;iy. ,J NkYk; kz; z py; mjpf cth; j ; j d; i k Vw; g l; L > tptrha cw; g j; j p Fiwe; J s; s J. Kd; d jhf fpuhk kf; f s; Rw; W g; G wj; j py; fhLfis ghJfhf; F k; Njitia mth; f s; mwpe; j pUf; f tpy; i y. mjpf cth; j ; j d; i k> vjph;fhyj;jpy; ,aw;if Nghplh;fspd; jhf;fj;ij Fiwg; g jw; F k; NkYk; md; w hl tho; t hjhu N ji t f is G + h; j ; jp n r a; A k ; jp w i k i a cWjpgLj;Jtjw;F typAWj;jg;gLfpwJ.

caph;r;#oy; mikg;ig ghJfhg;gjw;F ngz; FOkq;fs; gy;NtW rthy;fis re;jpf;f> VO fpuhkq; f spypUe; J ngz; FOf; f s; %yk; caph;r;#oy; mikg;G kw;Wk; flw;fiu caph;gy;tifikia ghJfhf;f ntw;wp Kaw;rpfs; vLf;fpd;wdh;. 2000 Mk; Mz; L ,e; j r%fg; Gul; r pia Jtf; f p gy ngz; f s; Kd; t e; J gpur; r idfis jP h ; f ; f mUNfAs; s fhl; L g; g Fjpfs; kw; W k; ,ju ,aw;if Mjhuq;fshd rTf;F fhL Mfpatw;iw ghJfhj;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,d;W mjpf caph; g y; t ifik gFjpia fhj; J k; Nrfhpj;j rprpI-d; rhjfkhd jhf;fq;fs; ed;F ghh; f; f KbfpwJ. cjhuzj; jpw; F xt; n thU fpuhkj;jpYk; ngz;fs; r%f fhLfs; fhf;Fk; FO my;yJ FOkq;fshf cUthfp mUNf cs;s mrjNud;[; fhLfis ghJfhf;f> jq;fgy;yp vdf; $wg;gLk; njhlh; fz;fhzpg;G my;yJ Ma;T nra;ag;gLfpwJ. ,th;fs; 15 rJu fp.kP. hpy; mike;Js;s rTf;F fhLfis ntw;wpfukhf ghJfhj; J kw; W k; GJg; g pj; J s; s dh; . NkYk; flw;fiuapypUe;J cth;j;jd;ikkpf;f fhw;W kw;Wk; kz; Jfs;fs; fpuhkj;jpw;Fs; Eioahky; jLf; F k; jLg; g hf ,Uf; f pwJ. 2000 Mk; Mz;L Fz;ly;gh fpuhkj;jpYs;s ngz;fs;> gph; [`hdpah [q;fy; Ruf;fpah vd;w ngz; FOkk; rprpI -ia ,e;jg; gFjpapy; cUthf;fpaJ. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

fpuhkj; j py; 60 FLk; g q; f s; cs; s d> ,jpy; xt;nthU FLk;gj;jpYs;s ngz;> gph; [`hdpah FOkj;jpd; xU mq;fk;. mWgJ cWg;gpdh;fs; nfhz; l jplkhd mbj; j sj; J ld; > ,e; j FOkk; xU rkaj; j py; 2-4 ngz; f s; Row; r p Kiwapy; ghuk;ghpa fz;nlLf;fg;gl;l vy;iyapy; fz;fhzpf;Fk; nraiy gpd;gw;wp fhLfis ghJfhf;fpd;wdh;. fpuhkq;fspd; gu];gu rk;kjj;Jld; fhLfspd; vy; i yia KbT nra; J > me; j vy; i yapy; nraw;if milahsq;fs; mikf;fg;gl;lJ. khj $l;lq;fspy;> fhLfis Nkk;gLj;Jk; rpy tiuaiwfis FOkk; %yk; cUthf;fp jPhk ; hdk; nra;ag;gl;lJ. ngz;fs; FOkj;jpd; jiyth; my; y J nghUshsh; jiyikapy; cs; @ h; fhL mYtyh; f s; rpwg; G tpUe; j pdh; f shf ,Ue;J> FOk cWg;gpdh;fs; 60-65 rjtpfpjk; Nky; xg;Gnfhz;ljd; mbg;gilapy;> jPh;khdk; vLf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j jPh;khdk; vLj;jg;gpwF> gs;sp rgh vdf; $wg;gLk; fpuhk $l;lj;jpy; ,ju fpuhk kf;fsplk; gfph;e;Jnfhs;sg;gLk;. cjhuzj;jpw;F ngz; FOkk; khjk; xU ehs; xJf; f p md; i wf; F fpuhkj; j py; cs; s 60 FLk;gq;fSk; fhLfspy; cs;s vhpthAf;fhf fl;ilfs; Nrfhpf;f mDkjpf;fgLfpd;wdh;. mNj khjphp kw;nwhU ehs; xJf;fp (nghJthf Fz;ly;gh fpuhkj;jpy; cs;s 3 Kjy; 4 ehl;fs; gpwF Nrfhpg;gh;) mUfpy; cs;s fpuhkq;fs; fhL Mjhuq;fs; cs;s mNj ,lj;jpy; fl;ilfis Nrfhpf;fyhk;. ,e;j fpuhkq;fSf;F ,ilapy; Mjhuq;fs; gfph;jy;> vy;iy kw;Wk; fhL ghJfhg;G rl;lk; kw;Wk; tiuaiwfs;> mUfUNfAs;s midj;J VO fpuhkq;fSk; gu];gu xg;Gjypd; Nghpy; tFj;Jnfhs;tjw;F ve;j Kuz;ghLfSk; ,y;iy. ,jpy; gy fpuhkq;fspy; ngz;fspd; FOkk; ,Uf;fpd;wd. Fz;ly;gh ntspg;Guj;jpypUe;J tUgth; f Sf; F tl; l j; j pw; F s; jdp rYif mspf;fg;gLfpwJ> vd; d ntd; w hy; kuk;

jhq;fshfNt cUthf;fpa ghJfhg;G Kaw;rpfSf;F cs;@h; mq;fPfhuk; ngWtjw;fhf r%fq;fs; NfhUfpd;wdh;. ,e;jpa rl;lk; kw;Wk; nfhs;ifapd; fPo; cs;s rpy gphpTfspy; cz;ikahfNt kw;nwhU mikg;gpy; ghJfhf;fg;gLk; r%fq;fspd; chpikfs; NtWgl;bUf;fpwJ. 18

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

ntl; L tij gpd; t hq; F tNjahFk; > ,jid ngz; Kaw;rpapy; - fhL ghJfhg;G mikg;G cUthf;fpajw;F Kd; mth;fs; gad;gLj;jpdh;. khjj; j py; cs; s kP j Ks; s ehl; f spd; N ghJ ngz; FOkk; fhLfspy; Nuhe; J tUth; > NkYk; $Ljy; kuq; f is Nrfhpg; g jw; F ahUf;Fk; mDkjpapy;iy. FOkk; tpjpf;fg;gl;l tiuaiwfis fpuhk kf;fshy; fl;lhaj;Jld; gpd;gw;wTk;> kjpf;fTk; gLfpwJ. cjhuzj;jpw;F FOkj;jpy; cs;s cWg;gpdh; Nuhe;J gzpia rhptu nra;atpy;iy vd;why;> gpd;dh; mth; &.50-I mguhjk; fl;l Ntz;Lk;. tpjpf;fg;gl;l ehl;fis jtpu kw;w ehl;fspy; kuk; ntl;lNth my;yJ tpwfpid Nrfhpg;gijNah fz;lhy;> me;j Fwpg;gpl;l egh; &. 200 mguhjkhf nrYj;j Ntz; L k; . rpy rpwpa jtWfSf; F > Fw; w k; nra;jtiu kPz;Lk; me;j nray; nra;ahky; ,Uf;FkhW mth;fis fbdkhf vr;rhpf;if nra;th;. r%f cWg;gpdh;fs; jplkhd <LghL nfhz;Ls;sjhy; tpiuthd kw;Wk; rhjfkhd caph;r# ; oy; KbTfs; fpilj;jd. 1999 gutyhd mopT Vw;gl;ljd; %yk; cUthf;fp Kaw;rpfs;> Gjpjhf GJgpf; f g; g l; l rJg; G epy jhtuq; f s; kw;Wk; fhl;bd; gug;gsT 63 rjtpfpjj;Jf;F mjpfhpj;Js;sJ 1985 Mk; Mz;by; 2.58 rJu fp.kP. Kjy; 2004 Mk; Mz;by; 4.21 rJu fp.kP. tiu ngUfpAs;sJ> rJg;Gepy gug;gsT nkhj;jk; nghpa #whtspahy; Rod; w NghJk; Nrjk; milatpy;iy. Gjpjhf fl;ba kz;tPLfspy; ,aw; i fia GJgpj; j jdhy; kw; W k; cs; @ h; r%fq;fspd; tplhKaw;rpfspdhy; fhl;bid jf; f itj; J nfhs; s Kbe; j J. rJg; G epy jhtuq;fs; gy;NtW jq;Fk; kw;Wk; ,lk; ngah;eJ ; nry;Yk; gwitfis <h;j;jd. NkYk; ,ij Rw;Wyh gazpfisAk; <h;j;jJ. NkYk; rJg;Gepy fhLfs;> ,aw;if rPw;wj;jpw;F vjpuhf ,e;j fhL flw;fiu jLg;ghf cs;sJ. KbTfspy; Vw; gl; l Cf; fj; jpy; > ngz; f spd; FOkk; NkYk; ,e;jg; gFjp rJg;Gepyf; fhLfis tphpTg;gLj;j jpl;lkpl;ldh;. fhl;il GJg;gpf;Fk; Nehf;fj;jpy; ed;F xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l r%f epWtdk; > $Ljyhf ngz; f s; FOkj; j pd; Kaw; r p me; j fpuhkk; kw; Wk; mUfpy; cs; s fpuhkq; f spd; cs; @ h; ,isQh; f s; kw; W k; khzth;fsplk; nry;thf;F ngw;wJ. cs;@h; ,isQh;fs; FOit cUthf;fp Mypt; hpl;yp lh;ly; (1972 fhl;L tpyq;fs; ghJfhg;G rl;lk; 13-d; fP o ; gphpT1-d; fP o ; cs; s rpw; w pdk; ) ,dngUf; f j; j pd; N ghJ ghJfhf; f cjtpd. ngz; f spd; FOkk; nkhopngah; g ; G kw; W k; fw;wy; ikaj;ij fl;bnaOg;gp ,dg;ngUf;fk;

nra;Ak; Neuj;jpy; rpy tUkhdk; <l;Ltjw;F tiuaWf;fg;gl;l Rw;Wyh jsj;ij mikf; f Ntz; L k; . NkYk; ,isQh; f is <LgLj; j p ,aw; i f rhh; e ; j #o; e piyia Rw; W yh gazpfSf; F Nkk; g Lj; j p cs; @ h; tpyq;FfSf;F cfe;j #o;epiyia Vw;gLj;j Fg;igfis Nrfhpj;J mjid kf;Fk; kw;Wk; kf;fhj Fg;igia gphpj;J itf;f Ntz;Lk;. kf; F k; Fg; i gia ,aw; i f cukhf khw; w p mjid tptrha epyq;fSf;F gad;gLfpwJ. njhopy;El;g mwpT kw;Wk; cjtp ,y;yhjjdhy;> kf;fhj Fg;igia mg;gbNa tplg;gLfpwJ. fpuhk kf;fs>; ,dg;ngUf;fj;jpd; NghJ> lh;by;fis ghJfhg; g J kl; L kpy; y hky; > kP d ; g pbg; g jw; F ,dg; n gUf; f k; kw; W k; $Lk; rkaq; f spy; rpwg;G kPd;gpbg;G rl;lq;fs; nfhz;Ltug;gl;lJ. mjdhy; flw; f iu Mikfs; mjpf ,og; G Vw; g Ltij Fiwf; f pwJ. Rw; W r; # oiyj; jhz;b fpuhk tsh;r;rpapd; epiyj;jj;jd;ik Vw; g Ltjw; F k; > KO flw; f iu caph; r ; # oy; mikg;ig ghJfhj;jy; Mfpa hPjpapy; ,isQh;fs; FO kw;Wk; ngz;fs;; FOkq;fs;> $Ljyhf> tajhdth;fs;> kw;Wk; r%fj;jpy; ,ju kf;fs; MfpNahh; rkPgfhyj;jpy; MNyhrid nra;fpd;wdh;. ,th;fs; midtUk; xd;W Nrh;eJ ; ,e;jg; gFjpia kf;fs; caph;gy;tifikia gjpT cUthf; f pdh; . NkNy $wg; g l; L s; s gzpfis Njtp Mw;wpd; Eiothapiy Rw;wpAs;s fpuhkq;fspy; r%f xw;Wikia ep&gpj;Js;sJ. rprpI mikg;G fpuhkq;fspYk;> fpuhkq;fSf;F kj;jpapYk; caph;gy;tifikia ghJfhf;f $l;L Nehf;fj;Jld; nray;gLj;jpa jhf;fNkahFk;.

rthy;fs; rl; l hP j pahd ghJfhg; G ,y; y hjjhy; r%f ghJfhg;G Kaw;rpfspy; rjpnra;J mr;RWj;Jk; epiyapy; cs;sJ. gy tUlq;fspd; tplhKaw; r pahy; rJg; G epy kw; W k; rTf; F GJg;gpf;fg;gl;l gpd; tdj; Jiwapdh; ,e;jg; gFjp muR nrhj;J vdTk;> mjid r%fq;fspd; elkhl;lk; Mjhuq;fis cgNahfpg;gjw;Fk; jil tpjpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. 2010 Mk; Mz;L [_iyapy; tdj; Jiwapdh; tdj; j pd; xUg; gFjpia rTf; F kuq; f is tPoj ; j ; xhprh td tsh;rr ; p $l;LwT mikg;gpw;F Fj;jiff;F tplg;gl;Ls;sJ. fhl;bid ghJfhj;J te; j ngz; f spd; FOf; f s; czh; r ; r pNahL vjph;j;jJ. tdj;Jiwapdh; kuk; ntl;Ltij jtph;ff ; Nfhlhhpia gpLq;fp vhptJk;> kuq;fis jOtpf; nfhz;ldh;. jq;fs; tho;thjhuj;jpd; tpiykjpf; f KbahJ vd fUjg; g LtNjhL

,e;jg; gFjp ,aw;if cghijfSf;F jplkhd jLg; g hFk; . fpuhk kf; f s; ,t; t sT vjph; g ; G njhptpj;j NghjpYk; kuq;fis ntl;b rha;f;Fk; gzp ele;Jnfhz;Nl ,Ue;jJ. flw;fiwapy; #whtsp kw;Wk; ,ju ,aw;if rPww ; q;fs; Vw;gLk; rkaj;jpy; ([_iy - Mf];L) ,J ele;jJ. NkYk; 8-10 thpir rTf;F kuq;fs; tplg;gl;lJ. ,dp eP z ; l ehl; f Sf; F fpuhkq; f is cth; jz; z P h ; cs; N s tUtjw; F top my; y J #whtspfspypUe;J ghJfhf;f KbahJ vd r%fq;fs; czh;ej ; d. fpuhk kf;fspilNa ,e;j kuq;fs; rf;jptha;ej ; fhw;W my;yJ #whtspia jLf;Fkh vd re;Njfpf;fpd;wdh;. Vndd;why; fpuhkj; j pdh; Kd; d piyapNyNa ,itfis NtNuhL vLf; f g; g l; L ghJfhg; G jilfs; ,y;yhky; nra;jdh;. NkYk; tdj;Jiwapdh; flw;fiug; gFjpapypUe;J 50 kP l ; l hpy; cs; s jnysfhzp fpuhkj; j py; Rw; w pAs; s 20 Vf; f h; gug; g stpy; kuq; f s; elg; g l; l J. Mypt; hpl; y p Mik mjpfkhf $Lk; ,lk; ,e; j g; gFjpjhd; . ,it 200 kP l ; l h; Rw; w p Kl; i lfis ,LgitahFk; . mopf;fg;gl;l ,e;j kuq;fSk;> Mikfs; $Lk; gFjpAk; xd; N whnlhd; W rhh; e ; j pUg; g jhy; > re; N jfkpy; y hky; Mikfs; mopAk; epiy Vw;gLk;. ,J gphpT 1 rpw;wpdk; vd;gjhy; cah;e;j rl;lg;ghJfhg;G nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;. tdj; Jiwapd; nray;fspy; tUj;jkile;j r%fq;fs;> nrhe;jkhf nray;gLj;jpa ghJfhg;G Kaw; r pfSf; F jw; N ghJ rl; l g; G +h; t khd mq;fPfhuj;ij NfhUfpd;wdh;. gy jiyKiwfshf ,jid ek;gp ,Ue;jjpdhy; td chpik rl;lj;jpy; cs;s tdepyk; kw;Wk; td Mjhuq; f s; gphptpy; r%f chpikf; F tpz; z g; g pj; J s; s dh; . NkYk; ghuk; g hpakhf nra; J nfhz; b Ue; j jq; f Sila nrhe; j r%f td Mjhuq;fis ghJfhj;J> Nrfhpj;J kw;Wk; Nkk;gLj;Jk; chpikf;fhd mq;fPfhuk; NfhUfpd;wdh;. flw;fiu Mjhuq;fs; kw;Wk; caph;r;#oy; mikg;Gfis ed;F Nkk;gLj;jp> ghJfhg;gjw;F ,e;j mq;fPfhuNk nray;gLj;Jk; vd ,th;fs; cWjpahf ek;Gfpd;wdh;. $Ljyhf> tho;thjhuk; kw;Wk; ey;tho;tpw;F flw; f iu gFjpfs; kw; W k; jz; z P i u ek; g p ,Uf; F k; ghuk; g hpakhf cs; s kP d th; f s; kw;Wk; ,ju flw;fiu r%fq;fspd; Efh;Nthh; chpikf; f hd mq; f P f huq; f s; nra; a g; g Lk; rl;lNkh my;yJ Nfhl;ghLfNsh ,e;jpahtpy; ,y;iy. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • nrg;lk;;gh; 2015

kw; W k; Ma; T nra; A k; mjpfhuk; mspf; f Ntz;Lk;. rl;ltpNuhjnray;fSf;F vjpuhf jz;lid mspf;f cs;@h; gQ;rhaj;JfSf;F $l; L kw; W k; khepy rl; l k; kw; W k; cs; @ h; Nkyhz;ik jpl;lj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; mjpfhuk; mspf;f Ntz;Lk;. r%fq;fSf;F> ghJfhg; G nray; g hLfs; kw; W k; epiyj; j tho; t hjhu Njh; T fis Nkk; g Lj; J tjw; F Njitahd njhopy;El;g kw;Wk; nghUshjhu cjtpfs; mspg; g J Kf; f pakhFk; . ,e; j ghuk; g hpa mZFKiwapd; %yk; Vw; g Lk; tsh;r;rpia kf;fs; ikag;gLj;jpa tsh;r;rpahf cUthf;fyhk;. gRik khtPuh;fs; : nfhs;if tptuq;fs;> 17> 2010> vd;w gj;jphpf;ifapy; ntspaplg;gl;l> ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s xhprh khepyk; r%f ghJfhg;G Kaw;rpapd; %yk; cs;@h; caph;gy;tifikia ghJfhg;gJ vd;w %yj; jiyg;gpypUe;J RUf;fg;gl;lJ.  Sweta Mishra Team Leader, Technical Support Unit Department of Sports and Youth Services Government of Odisha C-1 Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar E-mail: swetamishra1@gmail.com %yk:; yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2014> thy;a+k; 16> ,jo; 3