Tamil - Dec 2014 by LEISA India

,jo; 3 • brk;gh; 2014

LEIS Indi

yP r h ,e; j pah jkpo; rpwg;gpjo;

yP r h ,e; j pah jkpo; rpwg;gpjo; This issue in Tamil is a translated version of LEISA India magazine. This includes selected articles from LEISA India, originally published in English. Address : ame Foundation No. 204, 100 Feet Ring Road, 3rd Phase, Banashankari 2nd Block, 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560 085, India Tel: +91-080- 2669 9512, +91-080- 2669 9522 Fax: +91-080- 2669 9410 E-mail: amebang@giasbg01.vsnl.net.in Leisa India Chief Editor : K.V.S. Prasad Managing Editor : T.M. Radha

yPrh vd;gJ Fiwe;j ntspapL nghUs; kw;Wk; epiyj;j Ntshz;ik vd;gjd; RUf;fkhFk;. Rw;Wr;RoYf;F cfe;j topfspy; cw;gj;jpiaAk;> tUkhdj;ijAk; ngUf;f tpUk;Gk; coth;fSf;F njhopw;El;g kw;Wk; r%f hPjpapyhd tha;g;Gfis cs;slf;fpajhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ cs;@h; ts Mjhuq;fs; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifapd; Nghf;Ffis msTld; gad;gLj;jp Njitg;gLk; NghJ ghJfhg;ghd msT ntspaPL nghUl;fis jpwd;gl ifahs;tjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ Mz; kw;Wk; ngz; coth;fis> me;j r%fj;ij Ragyk; kpf;fth;fshfTk;> rf;jp kpf;fth;fshfTk; khw;wp mjd;%yk; mth;fspd; vjph;fhyj;ij jq;fs; nrhe;j mwpT> jpwik>kjpg;gL P > fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; mikg;Gfis mikf;f cjTtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ khwptUk; #oy;fs; kw;Wk; NjitfSf;F Vw;g coth;fs; kw;Wk; ,ju gq;Fjhuh;fspd; jpwikfs;> gq;Nfw;G mZFKiwfs; %yk; gyg;gLj;JtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ ghuk;ghpa mwpitAk;> mwptpay; g+h;tkhd mwpitAk; ,izj;J mjd;%yk; nfhs;if cUthf;fj;jpy; jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp vjph;fhy tsh;r;rpf;F rhjfkhd #oiy cUthf;FtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ xU fUj;J> xU mZFKiw kw;Wk; tpNtfkhd nra;jp.

Translated by Suresh Kanna. K Translation coordination Arunkumar Shivaray Administration Rukmini G. G. Design and Layout M.S. Vasanth Christopher Printing L.S. Graphic Prints, Chennai Cover photo A farm family working on their groundnut farm in Pennagaram Photo: AME Foundation Different editions

• Regional Editions Telugu, Hindi, Kannada, Marathi, Punjabi and Oriya • Farming Matters The Global edition in English • LEISA Revista de Agroecologia The Latin American edition in Spanish • LEISA India The Indian edition in English • AGRIDAPE The West African edition in French • Agriculturas, Experiencias em Agroecologia The Brazilian edition in Portuguese • LEISA CHINA The Chinese edition • BAOBAB East Africa edition in English The editors have taken every care to ensure that the contents of this magazine are as accurate as possible. The authors have ultimate responsibility, however, for the content of individual articles. The editors encourage readers to photocopy and circulate magazine articles.

Supported by MISEREOR, Published by AME Foundation yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

kpnrshpah; vd;gJ tsh;r;rp xj;Jiog;gpw;fhf> n[h;kdp ehl;by; cs;s fj; N jhypf; f ghjphpahh; f shy; 1958 Mk; Mz; b y; epWtg; g l; l Xh; epWtdkhFk;. kpnrshpah; fle;j 50 tUlq;fSf;Fk; Nkyhf Mg;gphpf;fh> Mrpah kw; W k; yj; j P d ; mnkhpf; f ehLfspy; Vo; i k xopg; g jw; f hd Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jd;id mh;gzpj;J gzpahw;wp tUfpwJ. kjk;> ehfhPfk;> ghypdk; vd;w ve;j NtWghby;yhky; kdpj Fyj;jpd; Njitf;F jdJ cjtpia mspj;J tUfpwJ. Vio kw;Wk; gpd;jq;fpa kf;fs;> jhq;fshf Jtf;Fk; ve;j xU Kaw;rpf;Fk; MjuT nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W ek;GfpwJ. cs;@h; $l;lhspfSld;> Fwpg;ghf fpUj;Jt Nfhapy;fNshL njhlh;Gila epWtdq;fs;> muR rhuh epWtdq;fs;> r%f ,af;fq;fs;> Muha;r;rp epWtdq;fs; Nghd;wtw;NwhL ,ize;J gzpahw;Wtij tpUk;GfpwJ. gadhspfNshL ,ize;J> mjd; $l;lhspfs; cs;@h; ts Nkk;ghl;L Kiwfspy; cjtpAk;> jpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;jpAk; tUfpd;wdh;. ,t;topahfNt> kpnrshpah; jdJ $l; l hspfSld; ,ize; J njhlh; r ; r pahf khwptUk; rthy; f is vjph;nfhs;fpwJ. www.misereor.de; www.misereor.org V.vk; . , gTz; N l\d; Fiwe; j ntspapL nghUs; %yk; ,aw; i f ts Mjhuq; f s; Nkyhz; i kf; f hf ghuk; g hpa mwpitAk; > Gjpa fz; L gpbg; G njhopw; E l; g q; f isAk; xd; w pizj; J epiyj; j tho; t hjhug; gzpfis ngUf; F tjpy; <Lgl; L tUfpwJ. V.vk; . , gTz; N l\d; Ntshz; i kapy; khw;WfisAk;> mwpitAk; ngUf;FtjpYk;> gapw;rpfs; mspg;gjpYk;> tsh;r;rp gzpfspy; <Lgl;L tUk; epWtdq;fNshL njhlh;Gfis Vw;gLj;JtjpYk;> mDgtq;fis gfph;e;J nfhs;tjw;Fk;> jf;fhz gPlg+kp gFjpfspy; rpW FW coth;fs; kj;jpapy; gzpahw;wp tUfpwJ. V.vk;., epWtdk; Mh;tKs;s tptrhaf; FOf;fSld; gy fpuhkq;fspy; khw;W tptrha Kiwfis ngUf;fTk;> eilKiwg;gLj;jTk; gzp nra;J tUfpwJ. ,e;j gFjpfs; ,aw;if Ntshz; Kiwfis nfhz;Ltu Kaw;rpf;Fk; kw; W k; eilKiwg; g Lj; j p nfhz; L tUk; jd; d hh; t f; FOf; f s; kw; W k; $l;likg;GfSf;F fw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; ,lq;fshfTk; gad;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. www.amefound.org

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

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gPfhh; Cuf tho;thjhu Nkk;ghl;L jpl;lj;jpd; cjtpNahL fah kw;Wk; eye;jh khtl;lj;jpy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapy; cs;s jj;Jtq;fis 278 NfhJik; tptrhapfspd; cjtpAld; nray;gLj;j KbT nra;Njhk;. ney; gaphpy; fpilj;j njspthd KbTfis ghh;j;jjpdhy;> NfhJikapy; ,JNghd; w mZFKiwia gad;gLj;jp nra;Ak; Nahridf;F rpwpjsNt vjph;g;G ,Ue;jJ. $Ljy; Ntiyahs; nryT gpbf;Fk; vd;w mr;rk; (Fwpg;ghf tpij tpijf;Fk; NghJ) ,Ue;j NghjpYk;> Fiwthd tpijapd; Njit kw;Wk; mjpf kf#y; ngWk; Nehf;fj;NjhL epiwa tptrhapfis ,e;j Kiwapy; nra;J ghh;f;f J}z;baJ. cs;@h; khtl;l ePjpgjp kw;Wk; fkp\;dh; gy Kiw fpuhkq;fSf;F nrd;W> tptrhapfs; ,e;jg; gFjp r%fj;jpd; czT cj;jputhjj;jpw;fhf tptrhapfs; Nkw; n fhs; S k; gq; f spg; i g ghuhl;bAk;> cw;rhfg;gLj;jpAk; nrd;wdh;. tptrhapfs;> cs;@h; muR mjpfhhpfs;> ,e;jpa Ntshz; Muha;rr ; pf;fhd fTd;rpy; gpujpepjpfs; kw;Wk; nly;ypapy; ,Ue;J jpU. b. tp[a; Fkhh;> Cuf tsh;r;rpj; Jiw mikr;rfj;jpd; ,izr; nrayhsh; gy; N tW mjpfhhpfNshL vd ngUksT vz;zpf;ifapy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapy; gaphplg; g l; l NfhJik tay; f is ghh;itaplg;gl;L mq;F ,Ue;j Racjtpf; FO ngz;fNshL ,J Fwpj;J tpthjpf;fg;gl;lJ. mth; xw;iw ehw;W elT ney; rhFgb Kiwapy; gaphplg;gl;l ney; kw;Wk; NfhJik rhFgbapy; <Lgl; l ngz; f spd; mDgtq; f is kpfTk; MH; t j; J ld; Nfl; l wpe; j NjhL NfhJik tay;fs; mjpf msT J}h; nfhz;bUe;jijAk; fz; l wpe; j dh; . tay; f Sf; F te; J ghh; j ; j mjpfhhpfs; midtUk; ,e;j ngz; cWg;gpdh;fs; nra;jpUe;j Kaw;rpiaAk;> mjd; KbTfisAk; fz; L kpfTk; Mr; r hpag; g l; L Nghdhh; f s; . 2009-2010 Mk; Mz; L gUtj; j pd; Kbtpy; ehq;fs; fzf;fpl;l NghJ 15000 tptrhapfs; NfhJikapy; nrk;ik ney; rhFgb Kiwia gpd;gw;wp ,Ue;jdh;.

kw;w Kd;Kaw;rpfs; 2008-09 Mk; Mz; b y; jpir khw; w j; i j mbg;gilahf nfhz;l ePh;ghrd jpl;lk; xd;iw lhlh mwf;fl;lisapd; cjtpNahL gpujhd; eilKiwg;gLj;jpapUe;jJ. me;j jpl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf> fah khtl;lj;jpy; xw;iw ehw;W Kiwia fj; j hp> jf; f hsp> ghfw; f ha; kw; W k; kpsfha; Mfpa gaph;fspy; mwpKfg;gLj;jpNdhk;. ,JTk; ,e;jpah KOtJk; kw;Wk; khepyq;fspy; cs;s yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

Muha;r;rpahsh;fspd; ftdj;ij ngUkstpy; <h;jj ; J. i`juhghj;jpy; cs;s Njrpa fpuhkg;Gw tsh;r;rp epWtdk; kw;Wk; gpypg;igd;]; ehl;by; cs; s rh; t Njr ney; Muha; r ; r p ikaj; j py; cs;s tpQ;QhdpfSk; cs;@hpy; cs;s muR mjpfhhpfNshL te;jpUe;J xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapy; gaphplg;gl;l fha;fwp Njhl;lq;fis ghh;itapl;ldh;. fah khtl;l Cuf tsh;r;rp Kfitapd; ,af;Feh; mth;fs; xw;iw ehw;W Kiw kw;Wk; jpir khw;wj;ij mbg;gilahf nfhz;l ePh;g;ghrd KiwfisAk; ,izj;J ehq;fs; nra;jpUe;jtw;iw ghh;j;Jtpl;L epiwa jpl; l q; f is muR Jiwapd; %ykhfTk; my;yJ r%f FOf;fs; %ykhfTk; jpl;lq;fis vq;fspd; topfhl;LjYld; nra;tjw;F xg;Gjy; toq; f p nrd; w hh; . ,q; q dk; epjp mspf; F k; epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; mjpfhhpfisAk; ,zq;f itf;f mjpf gaph; kf#y; xU mbg;gilahd tp\akhf mike;jJ. 2009-10 Mk; Mz;by; vs;S gaphpy; kf#iy mjpfhpg; g jw; f hd topfis ghpNrhjpf; F k; xU jpl;lj;ij elj;j gpujhd; epWtdj;jpw;F Mj;kh %yk; miog;G te;jJ. epiwa tpQ;Qhdpfs; kw;Wk; Muha;r;rpahsh;fs; ,e;j xw; i w elT Kiwapy; rhFgb nra; a g; g l; l epyq; f is ghh; i tapl miof; f g; g l; l dh; . me; j gpujpepjpfSld; xU Rthu]; a khd jfty; ghpkhw;wk; eilngw;wJ mjpy; fpilj;j gyd;fspy; xd;W. vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf;F> NfhJik Muha;rr ; p ikaj;jpy; ; cs;s tpQ;QhdpfSf;Fk;> uhI];jhd; khepyk;> guj;g+hpy; cs;s vs;S; kw;Wk; fLF Muha;r;rp ikaj;jpd;; ,af;Feufj;jpw;Fk; eilngw; w J. xw; i w ehw; W elT Kiwapy; vs; S gaphpy; fpilj; j kf#y; cs; @ h; murhq; f j; j pw; F kpfTk; cw; r hfk; mspj; J mth;fs; gpujhd; epWtdk; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia; gutyhf;f fah khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s 11 njhFjpfSf;F ngz; tptrhapfSf;fhd tay;ntspg; gs;spfis elj;j cjtpaJ. 2012 Mk; Mz;by; Kjy; Kaw;rpahf fUizf; f poq; f py; Nth; f spd; tsh; r ; r pia cf; f pukilar; nra; A k; Kiwapy; ehq; f s; <Lgl;Nlhk;. mjpy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapy; fpilj;j kf#y; ngUf;fk; kpfTk; cw;rhfk; mspf;ff;$bajhf ,Ue;jNjhL epiwa tptrhapfs; ,e;j gapiu rhFgb nra;a <h;j;jJ. kw; w gaph; f spy; xw; i w ehw; W elTKiwia gpd; g w; w pa NghJ> ,jpy; cs; s Kf; f pakhd mbg; g il jj; J tk; vd; d vd; g ij gw; w p Mokhf ghh;f;f cjtpaJ. Nth; tsh;r;rpf;F mjpf ,ilntsp tpLtJjhd; ,jpy; cs;s 6

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

Kf;fpakhd jhh;gg ; hpak; vd;gij mwpa Kbe;jJ. xw;iw ehw;W Kiwia Fwpf;f gad;gLj;jg;gLk; thh;j;ijahd ‘=” vd;gJ mjph;\;ltrkhf khpahijia ntspg; g Lj; J k; nrhy; y hf ,Ue;jjhy;> fpuhkg;Gw r%fq;fs; kw;Wk; gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; nfhs;if cUthf;Fgh;fSf;Fk; tpiuthf nrd;wilAk; nghJ ngauhf MdJ.

ftdj;ij ngw;wJ 2008-09 Mk; Mz; b y; gP f hh; khepyj; j pd; jiyefuhd ghl;dhtpy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapy; ney; rhFgb Fwpj;J khepy mstpyhd fUj; J g; g l; l iw xd; W eilngw; w J. ,e; j fUj;Jg;gl;liwia mg;NghJ Ntshz; Jiw mikr; r uhf ,Ue; j Kidth; . NuZ Fkhhp F];th`h Jtf;fp itj;jhh;. mtUk; xw;iw ehw;W elTKiw Fwpj;J njhpe;J nfhz;L mjd; mDgtq; f s; Fwpj; J ngz; tptrhapfsplk; ,Ue;J fw;Wf; nfhs;s kpfTk; Mh;tkhdhh;. 2009 Mk; Mz;bd; Kjy; khjq;fspy; gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; Kjyikr;rh; khepynkq;Fk; ,Ue;J tptrhapfis fprhd; kfhgQ;rhaj;J vdg;gLk; nghpa mstpyhd tptrhapfs; $l; l j; j py; fye; J nfhs; s miog; G tpLj; j hh; . 2500f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l tptrhapfNshL> Kjyikr;rh; jpU. epjp\; Fkhh; kw; W k; mikr; r uitapd; kw;w cWg;gpdh;fs; kw;Wk; khepyj;jpd; cah; mjpfhhpfs; gyUk; fye;J nfhz;ldh;. ,e;j $l;lj;jpw;F miof;fg;gl;l tptrhapfspy; fah khtl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J te;jpUe;J jpUkjp. ghujp NjtpAk; xUth;. mtuJ epyj;jpy; n`f;NlUf;F 18.1 ld; kf#y; ngw; w pUe; j jhy; > me; j $l;lj;jpw;F Vw;ghL nra;jpUe;jth;fs; mtiu 2 epkplk; jd;Dila mDgtq;fis gfph;e;J nfhs;SkhW Nfl;Lf; nfhz;ldh;. xU fpuhkj;J ngz; vt;tsT rpwg;ghd KbTfis gfph;e;J nfhs;tij Nfl;L kpfTk; Mr;rhpak; mile;J mtUf;F NgRtjw;F ,d;Dk;; $Ljy; Neuq;fis mspf;FkhW Nfl;Lf ; ; nfhz;lhh;. mtUk; miu kzp Neuj;jpw;F jdJ mDgtq;fis mq;F FOkpapUe;j midtiuAk; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; tifapy; gfph;eJ ; nfhz;lhh;. gPfhh; fpuhkg;Gw tho;thjhu Nkk;ghl;L rq;fk; 2009 Mk; Mz;L mf;Nlhghpy; ngz;fs; Ra cjtpf; FOf;fis nfhz;L kw;WnkhU nghpa $l;lj;ij elj;jpaJ. mq;F fz;fhl;rpf;fhf Nghlg;gl;bUe;J gy filfspy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia tpsf;Fk; tifapy; xU filAk; Nghlg;gl;L> Kjyikr;rhpd; ftdj;ij <h;jj ; J. $l;lj;ij Jtf;fp itg;gjw;F Kd; mq;F Nghlg; g l; b Ue; j filfis ghh; j ; J tpl; L

mq;fpUe;j tptrhapfsplk; Ngrpf; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. mq;Fjhd; mth; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiw Fwpj;J tpsf;Fk; ‘= tpjp” vd;Dk; ifNal;il ghh;jj ; hh;. cz; i kapy; mJ jhd; mtiu mjpf Neuk; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiw Fwpj;J Nghlg;gl;bUe;j filapy; nryT nra;a itj;jpUf;fpwJ. Ra cjtpf; FOf;fsplk; NgRk; NghJ Nth; tsh;rr ; pf;F mjpf ,ilntsp tpLk; Kiwjhd; gPfhhpy; cs;s czT cj;jputhj gpur;ridfSf;F jPh;thf KbAk; vd Fwpg;gpl;L Ngrpdhh;.

nghpa mstpy; gutyhf;Fjy; 2010-11 Mk; Mz;by; Kjyikr;rh;> Ntshz; Jiw mikr;rh; jpUkjp NuZ Fkhhp Frt;`hTld; fahtpw;F te;jpUe;jhh;. mg;NghJ mth;fs; \pf;Fthuh gFjpapy; cs;s xw;iw ehw;W elTKiwapy; gaphplg;gl;l NfhJik epyq;fis ghh; i tapl; L mq; f pUe; j tptrhapfNshL fye;Jiuahb> NkYk; epiwa mjpfhhpfisAk; (mjpy; Kf;fpakhdJ Ntshz; cw;gj;jpf;fhd fkp\; d h; ) Ghpe; J nfhs; s itj; j hh; . ,e; j Ntshz; cw; g j; j p fkp\d; khepy mstpy; Ntshz; jpl;lq;fis> Fwpg;ghf khtl;lj;jpw;F 5 tptrhapfs; tPjk; xw;iw ehw;W elTKiw Fwpj;J tptrhapfis Mh; t %l; l f; $ ba tifapy; nfhz; L nry; t jw; F KbntLf; f g; g l; l J. muRk; gpujhid mioj;J gy;NtW ,lq;fspy; gapw; r pfis elj; J khW miog; G tpLj; j J. fpuhkg; G w ngz; f is topelj; J eh; f shf nfhz;L mth;fspd; cjtpNahL gapw;rpfis Jtf;fp> gpd;dh; gapw;rpia tptrhapfs; kw;Wk; muR mjpfhhpfSf;Fk; nfhz;L nrd;Nwhk;. 2009 kw;Wk; 2010 Mk; Mz;Lfspy; fLikahd twl; r pia re; j pj; j NtisapYk; > vq; f sJ Ntiyapy; ,Ue;J Mh;tk; FiwahjJ> kpfTk; cw;rhfk; mspg;gjhf ,Ue;jJ. mijtpl kpfTk; cw;rhfk; mspf;Fk; tpjkhf 2011 Mz;il khepy murhq;fk; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwf;fhd Mz;lhf ‘= f;uhz;b” my;yJ = Gul;rp vd nghUs;gLk; tifapy; mwptpj;jJ. nfhz;lhl;lj;jpw;F jahuhFk; tpjkhf gy;NtW muR Jiwfs; mr;rplg;gl;l fy;tp rhjdq;fis Mj;kh jpl;lj;jpd; cjtpNahL cUthf;fpaJ. mjpy; ehq; f s; jahhpj; j xd; W k; mlq; F k; . 2011 Mk; Mz;bd; Idthp khjj;jpd; Muk;g ehl;fspy; Kjyikr;rh; mth;fNs = f;uhz;b Mz;il ghl;dhtpy; v];. Nf. epidT $lj;jpy; ele;j rpwg;G $l;lj;jpy; Jtq;fp itj;J> mq;F FOkpapUe;j 2600 khtl;l mYtyh;fs; Kd; ,e; j Mz; L 350>000 n`f; N lhpy; xw; i w ehw; W elTKiwia ney; g aphpy; nfhz; L

nry;tJ jdJ murpd; ,yf;fhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;w vz;zj;ij ntspg;gLj;jpdhh;. gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; Ntshz; Nkyhz;ik> tphpthf;fk; kw;Wk; gapw;rp ,af; F eh; Kidth; . Mh.; Nf. Nrh`hnd> gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; midj;J khtl;lq;fspYk; cs;s midj;J kz;lyq;fspYk; gapw;rpfs; kw;Wk; fUj;Jg;gl;liwfs; nfhz;L nry;tjpy; ngUk; gq;fhw;wpdhh;. gj;jphpf;iffs; kw;Wk; kpd;dZ rhjdq;fs; - njhiyf;fhl;rpfs; ,J Fwpj;j nra;jpfisAk;> mjd; KbTfisAk; gutyhf;Ftjpy; cjtpd. N[a;[ppl; Fkhh;> ghujp Njtp> kw;Wk; Rdpjh Njtp Nghd;w tptrhapfs; jq; f spd; mDgtq; f is ghl; d htpy; cs; s mjpfhhpfsplk; gfph;e;J nfhz;Lk;> 1 Mz; kw;Wk; 2 ngz;fs; nfhz;l FOthf mikj;J gPfhhpy; cs;s 38 khtl;lq;fspy; cs;s gy;NtW fpuhkq;fSf;F nrd;W gapw;rpfs; mspj;jJ. KbTfs; kpfTk; <h;ff ; f;$ba tifapy; mike;jJ. 2011-12 Mk; Mz;L fhyj;jpy; khepyj;jpd; Gs;sptpguk; 26000 ney; gaphpLk; FLk;gq;fis cs; s lf; f pa tifapy; 335000 n`f; N lhpy; miltJ vd Vw; f dNt Ngrg; g l; b Ue; j J. gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; nkhj;j ney; cw;gj;jpahd Ke; i ja rhjid msthd 4.6 kpy; y pad; ld;dpy; ,Ue;J Kwpabj;J 7.2 kpy;ypad; ld;id mile;jJ. ,jpy; ngUk;ghd;ikahdJ xw;iw ehw; W elTKiwia gpd; g w; w p nra; a g; g l; l ney; rhFgb epyq; f spy; ,Ue; J ngw; w it. mjpy; ruhrhp kf#y; n`f;NlUf;F 7 ld;dhf ,Ue;jJ. eye;jh khtl;lj;jpy; ljh;Nt];Guh fpuhkj; j py; cs; s xU tptrhap rhjid kf#yhf n`f; N lUf; F 22.4 ld; cw; g j; j p nra;J 15Mk; Njjp> Idthp 2013 ,e;jpa FbauR jiythplk; rpwg;G fphp\p fh;khd; tpUJ ngw;whh;. mNj mstpyhd tpUJ xd;W khepy mstpy; xl;L nkhj;jkhf cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; kf#y; mstpy; Vw;gLj;jpa rhjidfSf;F gPfhh; khepyj;jpd; Ntshz; Jiw mikr;rUf;Fk; toq;fg;gl;lJ. gPfhhpy; eilngWtJ Fwpj;J ehq;fs; kpfTk; ngUikg;gLfpNwhk;. 

Anil Kumar Verma Preservation and Proliferation of Rural Resources and Nature (PRAN) PRADAN Road No.6, East Shastri Nagar, Sikariya More, Gaya – 823 001, Bihar. E-mail: gaya@pradan.net; anilverma@pradan.net

%yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah> khh;r; 2013> thy;a+k; 15> ,jo; 1

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

epiyj; j tptrhak; kw; W k; mJ njhlh; g hd njhopy; E l; g q; f s; thapyhf Nkk; g Lj; J k; jd;dhh;tj; njhz;L epWtdkhd rp.I.Nf.v]; vd; w epWtdj; j pd; tptrhaf; FOf; f spy; ,ize; j gpd; d Nu njhlq; f paJ. ,aw; i f> jhtuq; f s; kw; W k; tpyq; F fspd; kP J jP t pu gw; W s; s tuhd jpyfh; Muk; g j; j py; jdJ Ntshz; nray;ghLfis ney;> cSe;J> gr;irg; gapW kw;Wk; fha;fwpfs; cw;gj;jp nra;tNjhL epWj;jpf; nfhz;lhh;. ‘cs;@iuj; jOtpa ghuk;ghpa ,uf tpijfs; jhd; xU tptrhapf;F cz;ikahd nry;tk;. MfNt mg;gbg;gl;l epiwa ghuk;ghpa ,ufq;fis vt;tsT KbANkh mt;tsT ghJfhj;J itg;gJ xt; n thU tptrhapapd; flik” vd; f pwhh; jpyfh;. mtuJ gz;izapy; mth; 4 ntt;NtW tifahd ghuk;ghpa ney; ,ufq;fshd rPuf rk;gh> khg;gps;is rk;gh> jq;f rk;gh> kw;Wk; J}a ky;yp Mfpatw;iw tpijfis Nrkpf;Fk; Nehf; f khf nfhz; L gaphpl; L tUfpwhh; . ,Ug;gpDk;> tzpfg; gad;ghl;bw;fhf jhsb gUtj;jpy; nts;isg; nghz;zpiaAk;> FWit gUtj;jpy; V.b.B-43 ufj;ijAk; mth; gaphpl;L

tUfpwhh;. ruhrhpahf FWit ney; rhFgbapy; 1.26 yl;rk; tUkhdj;ijAk;> jhsbapy; 1.5 yl;rk; tUkhdj;ijAk; vLf;fpwhh;. jhsbg; gUtj;jpy; ney; gaph; mWtil Kbe;jTld; mtuJ 6 Vf;fh; epyj;jpy; cSe;J gaphpl;L mjd; %yk; &. 50>000 tUkhdk; vLf; f pwhh; . mtuJ gz; i zapy; cw;gj;jp nra;j midj;ijAk;> rPhf ; hopapy; cs;s rPh;fhop ,aw;if tptrha rq;fj;jpy; tpw;gjd; thapyhf re; i j tpiyia xg; g pLk; NghJ mtUf;F ey;y tpiy fpilf;fpwJ. 5 nrz;l; epyj;jpy; midj;J gUtq;fSf;Fk; Vw;wthW gy;NtW tifahd fha;fwpfis KO tPr;rpy; nra;J tUfpwhh;. xt;nthU ehSk;> ruhrhpahf gy;NtW tifahd fha;fwpfis 5 fpNyh mstpw; F mWtil nra; J tpw; W tUfpwhh;. ,jd; %yk; Mz;Lf;F fpl;lj;jl;l &. 18>000 tUkhdj;ij ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpwhh;. NkYk; gz;izapy; kh> nfha;ah> rg;Nghl;lh> khJis> KUq; i f> njd; i d> ,ye; i j> thio> gg; g hsp kw; W k; vYkpr; i r Nghd; w gy; N tW tifahd kuq; f isAk; tsh; j ; J tUfpwhh;. NkYk; gy;Nehf;F ku tiffshf Njf;F> fpshpnrbah> mfj;jp> Ntk;G Nghd;w

kuq;fisAk; gz;izapy; tsh;j;J tUfpwhh;. vUf;F> Mlhnjhlh> ehAz;zp> ntl;Lf;fhag; g+z;L Nghd;w nrbfis g+r;rp kw;Wk; Neha;fis fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf gz;izapd;; Ntypfspy; tsh;j;J tUfpwhh;. mtuJ gz;izapy; gy;NtW $Wfis Nrh;j;jd; tpisthf> jpyfh; xU $wpy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; ntspg;ghL kw;w $Wf;F fpilf;fr; nra; t ij cWjpg; g Lj; J fpwhh; . ,q; q dk; gz;izapy; cs;s gy;NtW $Wfs; rhpahf xUq;fpizf;fg;gLfpwJ.

gz;izapy; cs;s gy;NtW $Wfspd; xUq;fpizg;G ,aw;if Ntshz; Kiwfis gpd;gw;wpajd; tpisthf jpyfUf; F gz; i zapy; ,Ue; J (gaph;fs;> fha;fwpfs; kw;Wk; kuq;fspy; ,Ue;J) ey; y kf#y; fpilj; j J. ,Jtiu mthplk; epiyj; j jd; i kf; f hd ,Ue; j Ntl; i f mtiu gy; N tW $Wfshd gaph; rhFgb> fha;fwp Njhl;lk;> Nfhop tsh;g;G> kPd; tsh;g;G> fhy;eil kw;Wk; ML tsh;g;G Nghd;wtw;iw xUq;fpizj;j gz;izia Nehf;fp mtiu

xUq;fpize;j gz;iz Kiwfs; gw;wp jpyfh; tptrhapfsplk; tpsf;Ffpwhh;. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

efh;j;jpr; nrd;wJ. mth; gz;izapy; gy;NtW $Wfis Nrh; j ; j Jk; > gutyhf; f pa tpjKk; kpfTk; Rthu];akhdjhFk;. ney; tay;fSf;F Gjpjhf Nghlg;gl;l Nghh; n ty; y py; ,Ue; J eP h ; gha; r ; r g; g LfpwJ. eP i ug; ghpNrhjpf; F k; NghJ mJ cth; g ; G jd;ik nfhz;bUg;gJk;> mjdhy; ney; gaph; ghjpf; f g; g l; l J fz; l wpag; g l; l J. nekpyp fpuhkk; flw;fiuapy; ,Ue;J 25 fp.kP J}uj;jpy; mike;jpUe;jjhYk;> NkYk; gy Mz;Lfshf ,e; j gFjpapy; Nghh; n ty; %yk; msTf; F mjpfkhf jz;zhP ; ,iwf;fg;gl;ljhy;> epyj;jb ePh; kl;lk; cth;g;ghdJ. jz;zPiu Rj;jg;gLj;jTk;> mjpy; cs; s cth; g ; G j; jd; i kia eP f ; f Tk; > jpyfh;> rPh;fhopapy; cs;s Ntshz; nghwpapay; Jiwapd; khdpa cjtpia gad;gLj;jp xU gz;izf; Fl;ilia ntl;bdhh;. Nghh;nty;ypy; ,Ue; J vLf; f g; g l; l jz; z P h ; gz; i zf; Fl;ilapy; epug;gg;gl;L> ,uz;L ehl;fs; fopj;J mq;fpUe;J ney; tay;fSf;F gha;r;rg;gl;lJ. ,e;j Kaw;rp ed;F Ntiy nra;jJ. gz; i zapd; cs; s gz; i zf; F l; i l kP d ; tsh;gg ; pw;F rhpahd #o;epiyahf fhzg;gl;lJ. vdNt> jpyfh; fl;yh> kph;fy;> NuhF Nghd;w 5 tifahd kP d ; tiffis nfhz; L kP d ; tsh;g;ig Muk;gpj;jhh;. ehs; xd;Wf;F 1 fpNyh mNrhyhitj; jtpu NtW ve;j tifahd rpwg;G czTfis mth; kPd;fSf;F mspf;ftpy;iy. xt; n thU tUlKk; 1000 kP d ; FQ; R fis Fsj; j py; tpl; L > mjpy; ,Ue; J 750 fpNyh kPd;fis mWtil nra;J> fpNyh xd;Wf;F &. 100 tP j k; tpw; W tUfpwhh; . ,q; q dk; > vjph;j;njwpjy; kw;Wk; jPh;f;fkhd cw;rhfj;jpd; topahf> ,lh;ghlhf ,Ue;j epiyia jpyfh; tha;g;ghf khw;wptpl;lhh;. Fsj; j pw; F Nky; 5 mb cauj; j py; 10 mb eP s k; > 16 mb mfyk; > 8 mb cauk; vd; w mstpy; ; xU $z;L mikf;fg;gl;L mjpy; 14 ehl; L f; Nfhopfs; kw; W k; 18 nts; i s nyf; f hd; Nfhopfs; tsh; f ; f g; g Lfpd; w d. mitfSf;F gz;izapy; tpistpf;fg;gLk; ney;> jhdpaq;fs; kw;Wk; jtpL Nghd;wtw;iw cs;slf;fpa Nfhop jPtdk; jahh; nra;ag;gl;L nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,itfisj; jtpu mfj;jp> KUq; i f kw; W k; mNrhyh Nghd; w itfSk; Nfhop jPtdkhf Nrh;j;J nfhLf;fg;gLfpd;wd. Kl;ilfs; kw;Wk; Nfhopfis tpw;gjd; %ykhf Mz;L tUkhdkhf &. 10000 tiu mtUf;F fpilf;fpwJ. Nfhopfspd; fopTfs; Neubahf 10

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

mtuJ gz;izapy; gy;NtW $Wfis Nrh;j;jjd; tpisthf> jpyfh; xU $wpy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; ntspg;ghL kw;w $Wf;F fpilf;fr; nra;tij cWjpg;gLj;Jfpwhh;. Fsj;jpy; tpOtjhy; mit kPdf ; Sf;F rj;Js;s czthfTk;> Fsj;jpy; ,Ue;J gha;rr ; g;gLk; ePUk; rj;Js;sjhf gaph;fSf;Fk; nfhLf;fg;gLfpwJ. jpyfh; jdJ gz;izapy; ehl;L khLfs; kw;Wk; fyg; g pd khLfisAk; guhkhpj; J tUfpwhh; . gRtpd; rhzk; kz;GO cuk; cw;gj;jpf;Fk;> rhz vhpthA cw; g j; j pf; F k; gad; g Lj; j g; g LfpwJ. rhz vhpthAtpy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; Fok;G fopTk;> fopT ePUk;> fhy;eil nfhl;bypy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; NfhkpaKk; Fsj;jpy; tplg;gLfpd;wd. ,itfs; tay; f Sf; F k; gha; r ; r g; g Lk; eP i u tsg; g Lj; J tNjhL kl; L ky; y hky; > mq; F tsUk; kPd;fSf;F Njitahd Ngh\ hf;ifAk; mspf;fpwJ. gRf;fsplk; ,Ue;J ehs; xd;Wf;F 10-13 ypl;lh; ghy; fpilf;fpwJ. mit tPl;bd; Njitf;F Nghf ypl;lh; &. 20 tPjk; tpw;fg;gLfpwJ. rw;W caukhd $z;by; ‘jiyr;Nrhp” vd;w 6 ehl; L ,d MLfSk; > 10 Fl; b fSk; tsh;f;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;j caukhd $z; l hdJ> MLfSf; F ghJfhg; i gAk; > cly; MNuhf;fpaj;ijAk; cWjpg;gLj;JfpwJ. MLfspd; GOf;iffs; gz;izia Rw;wpAs;s kuq; f Sf; F cukhf gad; g Lj; ; j g; g LfpwJ. MLfs; kw; W k; Fl; b fis tpw; g jd; %yk; mtUf; F Mz; L tUkhdkhf &. 50000 fpilf;fpwJ. Fsj;jpd; fiufspy; tsh;ff ; g;gLk; jPtdg;Gw;fs; tug;ig gyg;gLj;JtNjhL jPtd cw;gj;jpf;Fk; vd;W ,uz;L Nehf;fq;fis g+h;j;jp nra;fpwJ. gRe; j P t dkhf Nfh 3> Nfh 4> fpshpnrbah> mfj;jp Nghd;wit jPtdg;gaph;fshf ,aw;if Kiwapy; tsh; f ; f g; g l; L fhy; e ilfSf; F nfhLf; f g; g Lfpd; w d. ,J MNuhf; f pakhd fhy;eilfis tsh;f;f cjTfpwJ.

epiyj;j jd;ikia cWjpg;gLj;jy; mtuJ gz;izapy; gy;NtW $Wfis Nrh; j ; j jd; tpisthf> jpyfh; xU $wpy; ,Ue;J fpilf;Fk; ntspg;ghL kw;w $Wf;F fpilf; f r; nra; t ij cWjpg; g Lj; J fpwhh; .

,q;qdk; gz;izapy; cs;s gy;NtW $Wfs; rhpahf xUq; f pizf; f g; g LfpwJ. gaph; f ; fopTfs; kw;Wk; tug;gpd; Xuq;fspy; tsUk; jPtdq;fs; fhy;eilfSf;F jPtdkhf gad; g Lk; mNj Ntisapy; > fhy; e ilfspd; fopT cukhf khw;wg;gl;L> cog;gl;L taYf;Nf jpUg; g p mspf; f g; g LfpwJ.NkYk; fle; j rpy tUlq; f shf njhlh; e ; J gad; g Lj; j g; g Lk; ,aw;if cuq;fs;> kz;GO cuk;> caph; cuq;fs;> gQ;rfhtpah> gRe;jhs; cuq;fspd; gad; g hL> %lhf; F Nghd; w itfspdhy; > kz;zpd; juk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f mstpy; Nkk;ghL mile;Js;sjw;F> gaph; cw;gj;jpapy; Vw;gl;Ls;s Kd;Ndw;wk; rhd;whf cs;sJ. ngUk;ghyhd ,LnghUl;fs; gz;izapypUe;Nj fpilg;gjhy;> mthpd; ntspapL nghUl; f Sf; F MFk; nrytpdq;fs; gbg;gbahf Fiwe;Jtpl;lJ. jpyfhpd; gz;izahdJ rpwg;ghd FLk; g gz; i zf; F cjhuzkhf cs; s J. Ntshz; i kf; F Njitg; g Lk; ngUk; g hyhd ,LnghUl; f shd tpijfs; > kz; tsj; i j Nkyhz; i k nra; t jw; f hd ,LnghUl; f s; > g+r;rp kw;Wk; Neha;fisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd ,LnghUl;fs; Nghd;w midj;Jk; gz;izapypUe;J cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ. NkYk; > gz; i zapd; ngUk; g hd; i kahd Ntiyfs; FLk;g cWg;gpdh;fshNyNa Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ. cjhuzj;jpw;F> mtuJ kidtp jpUkjp. fw;gfk;> gz;iz Ntiyfshd kz;GO cu cw;gj;jp> ,aw;if g+r;rp tpul;bfs; jahhpg;G> fhy;eilfs; guhkhpg;G vd xt;nthU

NtiyapYk; mtUf;F cjTfpd;whh;. NkYk; gz; i zapy; mNef Ntiyfspy; kWRow; r p eilngWtjhy; > ntspapL nghUl; f spd; rhh;g;Gj;jd;ik Fiwe;Js;sJ. xU gz;iz cw;gj;jpia ikag;gLj;jp mjd; FLk; g cWg; g pdh; f shy; eph; t fpf; f g; g Lk; gl; r j; j py; mJ Mz; L f; F 4 yl; r &gha; tUkhdj;ij nfhLf;f KbAk;. ,d;W> jpyfh; jhd; xU tptrhap vd; W $wpf; n fhs; t jpy; ngUikg;gLfpwhh;.  NkYk; tptuq;fSf;F: jpU. jpyfh; - 94882-15244 R Manikandan, Subhashini Sridhar, R Abarna Thooyavathy and K Vijayalakshmi Centre for Indian Knowledge Systems, No. 30, Gandhi Mandapam Road, Kotturpuram, Chennai 600 085 Email: cikskazhi@gmail.com %yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah>brk;gh; 2013> thy;a+k; 15> ,jo; 4

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

FO Ntshz;ik xU r%f Ntshz;ikf;fhd Kd; Kaw;rp rP rPk kh h Fg; Fg;j jh h kw; kw;W Wk; k; fNz\; fNz\; ghpjh ghpjh Nfhitf;fha; rhFgbapy; $l;L Ntshz;ik

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

miof;fg;gLfpwJ) ,e;j gFjpapy; fhzg;gl;lJ. mq; F s; s kf; f s; mbg; g ilapy; jq; f spd; Ntshz; i kf; F ney; cw; g j; j pia kl; L Nk ek; g papUg; g jhy; JkN[hh; fpuhk kf; f Sf; F fha; f wpfs; Nghd; w gzg; g aph; cw; g j; j papy; <LgLtJ kpfTk; Fiwthd Njh;thf ,Ue;jJ. me;j fpuhkj;J kf;fSf;F ,Ue;j fbdkhd nghUshjhu neUf;fb epiyik Mz;L KOf;f ePh; fpilf;Fk; tifapy; xbf;nfhz;bUf;Fk; ePh; Xilapy; ,Ue;J ePiu vLg;gjw;F Ntz;ba KjyP L fis nra; t jw; F ngUk; jilahf ,Ue; j J. kiof; f hyq; f isj; jtpu kw; w gUtq; f spy; ngUk; g hd; i kahd rhFgb epyq;fs; jhprhf Nghlg;gLk;. kiof;fhyq;fspy;

mWtil nra;ag;gl;l Nfhitf;fha;

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Gjpa Kiwf;fhd Kaw;rp 2004-05 Mk; Mz;Lfspy; Me;jpu gpuNjrj;jpy; rpy tptrhapfs; njhlh; r ; r pahf Fiwe; j msT kf#iy vLj; J te; j dh; . ey; y kf#iy vLg; g jw; f hd xU topia Njbf; nfhz;bUe;jdh;. me;j rkak;> xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiw vd;gJ kpfTk; Gjpa fUj;jhf ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy; V.vk; . , gTz; N l\d; cjtpNahL rpwpa msT epyg;gug;gpy; mij nra;J ghh;j;J> vg;gb tUfpwJ vd ghh;f;f tpUk;gpdhh;fs;. 16

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kf; f s; gpujpepjpfs; > Clfq; f s; Nghd; w it xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia tsh;f;f mth;fis $h;ikg;gLj;Jk; Nehf;fpy; Jtf;fpaJ. mJ 25 fpuhkq;fspy; cs;s 1500 tptrhapfs; kj;jpapy; nrd;wila cjtpaJ. ,Nj mZFKiw gpd;G fh;ehlf khepyk; Nfhyhh; kw;Wk; rpf;fgy;yGuh khtl;lq;fSf;Fk; tphpthf;fg;gl;lJ. epiwa kf;fSf;F ,jid nfhz;L nry;y jfty; gug;G rhjdq;fshd Ngdh;fs;> rhh;lL ; fs; kw;Wk; Rth; tpsk;guq;fs; kw;Wk; fhNzhsp epfo;r;rpfis jhh;thL khtl;lj;jpy; 30 fpuhkq;fspy; Vw;ghL nra;J mq;Fk; epiwa tptrhapfSf;F xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapd; Nfhl;ghLfs; Fwpj;J tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia kw;w gaph;fSf;F gutyhf;fk; nra;jJ xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiw new;gaphpy; kf#iy mjpfhpg; gij ghh; j; j tptrhapfs; ; > mth; f s; kw; w gaph; f shd Nfo; t uF kw; W k; Jtiug; gaph;fspd; me;j Nfhl;ghLfis nra;J ghh;gg ; jpy; Mh; t khf cs; s dh; . 2010-11 Mk; Mz; b y; 290 tptrhapfs; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwapy; cs; s rpy Nfhl; g hLfshd Fiwe; j msT tpij> ,s ehw;Wfis gaphpLjy; kw;Wk; fis Nkyhz;ik Nghd;wtw;wpy; Kaw;rp nra;jdh;. ,e;j tptrhapfs; Nfhyhh; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s 14 fpuhkq;fspy; 209 Vf;fhpy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia Nfo;tuF gaphpy; nra;J ghh;j;jdh;. tptrhapfSf;F 22 tpOf;fhL mjpf kf#Yk;> 33 tpOf;fhL epfuyhgKk; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia gpd;gw;wpajhy; fpilj;jJ. njhlh;e;J te; j Mz; L fspy; epiwa vz; z pf; i fapy; mjid gpd;gw;wj; njhlq;fp jw;NghJ 900 f;Fk; Nkw;gl;l tptrhapfs; Nfo;tuF gaphpy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia gpd;gw;wp tUfpd;wdh;. mNj Nghy; 2010-11 Mk; Mz;by; Nfhyhh; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s 5 fpuhkq;fspy; 35 tptrhapfs; Jtiuapy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia 16 Vf;fhpy; nra;J ghh; j ; J mjpy; 7 0 tpOf; f hL $Ljy; kf#y; ngw;wdh;.

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xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia gutyhf;Ftjpy; vq;fSf;F fpilj;j mDgtq;fs; nrhy;tJ> khtl;lk; KOtijAk; tpl;L tpl;L> ehq;fs; gzp nra;j gFjpfisAk; jhz;b nry;tjw;F kw;w epWtdq;fspd; gq;fspg;G kpfTk; Njitg;gLfpwJ vd;gJjhd;. nghJ jsq;fis Ftpg;gJ> mJ vz;zq;fshfl;Lk;> gpd;gw;wg;gLk; Kiwfshfl; L k; mit kpf Kf; f pak; . ,J epWtd hPjpahf cwTfis tsh;g;gJk; epjp Mjuq;fis ngWtij rhh;e;Nj mike;;Js;sJ.

Nfo;tuF gaphpy; eilngWk; tay;ntspg;gs;spapy; tptrhapfs; tay; #oy; Ma;tpy; <LgLfpd;wdh;. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

Xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia gpd;gw;wp ney; tptrhapfs; $Ljy; kf#iy mWtil nra;jdh;

nfhz;L tu mwpTMa;T>; tphpthf;fk; Mfpatw;wpy; KjyPLfs;; Njitg;gLfpwJ. rpW tptrhapfs; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia gpd;gw;w MjuT fuk; je;J cw;rhfg;gLj;Jk; mNj Ntisapy; ney; cw;gj;jpapy; mjpf gq;F tfpf;Fk; ngU tptrhapfSf;Fk; Njitg;gLfpwJ. jw;NghJ gy;NtW fhuzq;fSf;fhf ngUk;ghd;ikahd ngU tptrhapfs; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia gpd;gw;Wtjpy; epiwa ,lh;ghLfis re;jpj;J tUfpd; w dh; . me; j khjphp tptrhapfSf; F > muR rpy KjyPLfis> cjhuzj;jpw;F gFjpf;F nghUj;jkhd Ntiyahs; Njitia Fiwf;Fk; fUtpfspy; KjyPLfis nra;a Ntz;Lk;. mjpf gFjpfSf;F xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia nfhz; L nry; t J vd; g J kpf Kf; f pakhf tptrhapfs; mjid vt;thW vLj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdh; vd;gij nghUj;Nj mikfpwJ. kw;w njhopw; El;gq;fs; Nghy; tptrhapfSf;F ,LnghUl;fis fl;lhakhf nfhLg;gJ Nghy; xw;iw ehw;W elT Kiwia ghh;;f;f KbahJ. xw;iw ehw;W elT vd;gJ xU Kiw. mJ xt;nthU gFjpf;Fk; Vw;whw; Nghy; cUthf;fpf;nfhs;s Ntz; L k; . ,J tptrhapfis nrd; w ila 20

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 3 • brk;gh;; 2014

gq;Nfw;G nray;Kiwfspy; mbj;jl;L kf;fNshL gzp nra;Ak; epWtdq;fNshL Nrh;ej ; muR gzp Ghpa miog;G tpLf;fpwJ. mg;NghJjhd; xw;iw ehw;W Kiw Ntfkhf gutTk;> epiyj;jpUf;fTk; KbAk;.

Nkw;Nfhs;fs; rq;fPjh ghl;by;> khdhthp ney; rhFgbf;fhd Gjpa fz;Lgpbg;Gfis Nkk;gLj;jp Kd;Ndw;WtJ> yPrh ,e;jpah> thy;a+k; 11> vz;. 04> brk;gh; 2009> gf;fk; 15-17 V.vk;.,. gTz;Nl\d;> mjpf jhdpaq;fis Fiwe;j ePh; nfhz;L cw;gj;jp nra;tJ> 2011 Mk; Mz;bd; V.vk;.,. gTz;Nl\d; - lGs;A. lGs;A. lGs;A $l;Lj; jpl;lj;jpd; KO mwpf;if. T M Radha AME Foundation #204, 100 Ft. Ring Road, Banashankari, 2nd Block, 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560085 Email: amebang@giasbg01.vsnl.net.in

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