LEISA India - Hindi - June 2019 by LEISA India

ikjEifjd ikddyk % ewY; J`a[kyk dks c<+kus dh vfUre dM+h ck,Q

çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

5 eNyh ls rS;kj vehuks % ,d mi;ksxh tSfod fodYi ,l- izseyrk

7 ikjEifjd ikddyk % ewY; J`a[kyk dks c<+kus dh vfUre dM+h ck,Q

ugkjh ,d igy gS] tks nf{k.k xqtjkr ds xkaoksa esa vkfnoklh efgykvkas ds usr`Ro esa ikjEifjd ns'kh Hkkstu LVky ds :i esa ck,Q }kjk lQyrkiwoZd LFkkfir dh x;h gSA ugkjh dh vo/kkj.kk nf{k.k xqtjkr ds 'kgjh leqnk;ksa vkSj i;ZVdksa ds chp vkfnoklh ikddyk dks izksRlkfgr djus gsrq leqnk; ds LokfeRo esa vkSj leqnk; }kjk lapkfyr nqdku ds :i esa gS] ftlls ,d rjQ rks vkfnoklh O;atuksa dk cM+s iSekus ij izlkj gksrk gS vkSj nwljh rjQ bu O;atuksa ds ek/;e ls mRiknksa dh ewY; o`f) djrs gq, vkfnoklh efgykvksa ds fy, vk; ds u;s lzksr Hkh rS;kj gksrs gSaA

m|eh ds :i esa efgyk

10 m|eh ds :i efgyk fueZyk vf/kdkjh

14 cgq mi;ksxh ikS/kk pUnzk % vkthfodk dk ,d fodYi izoh.k tks'kh

17 lkewfgdrk dh 'kfDr tlchj la/kw o jkts'k 'kekZ

fueZyk vf/kdkjh tSfod rjhdksa ls rS;kj lfCt+;ksa dk miHkksx djus ls usiky ds nkaMQk;k xkao esa leqnk; ds yksxksa dk LokLF; mUur gqvk gSA ,d lewg ds :i esa laxfBr gksdj vkSj tSfod lfCt+;ka mxkdj nkaMQk;k dh efgykvksa us u flQZ viuh vkenuh c<+kbZ gS vkSj jkstxkj ds LFkkbZ voljksa dks rS;kj fd;k gS] oju~ blls lkekftd&vkfFkZd l'kfDrdj.k Hkh vk;h gSA

lkewfgdrk dh 'kfDr tlchj la/kw o jkts'k 'kekZ

cgq mi;ksxh ikS/kk pUnzk % vkthfodk dk ,d fodYi izoh.k tks'kh vkS"k/kh; ikS/ks u dsoy LokLF; dh n`f"V ls mi;ksxh gksrs gSa] oju~ buls dbZ mi;ksxh oLrqvksa& tSls vpkj ,oa cfM+;ka cukdj vk; l`tu dk fodYi Hkh rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA bu vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa ,oa tM+h&cwfV;ksa esa fgeky;h {ks=ksa esa ik;k tkus okyk ikS/kk pUnzk izeq[k LFkku j[krk gSA bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls fgeky;h ikS/kk pUnzk dh fo'ks"krkvksa ,oa mldh mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs esa lfoLrkj ppkZ djds ;g crkus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd budks lajf{kr ,oa iquthfoZr dj taxyksa vFkok igkM+ksa ij jgus okys leqnk;ksa ds fy, vkthfodk dk ,d csgrj fodYi iznku fd;k tk ldrk gSA

ewY; J`a[kyk ds ,d lekos'kh] fVdkÅ vkSj ekiuh; ekWMy ds lkFk xqtjkr ds fdlkuksa us lkewfgdrk dh 'kfDr dk vuqHko djus gsrq ,d yEck lQj r; fd;k gSA cktkj esa izR;{k rkSj ij viuh txg cukus ds dkj.k fdlkuksa us eksy&Hkko djus dh {kerk dks fodflr dj vU; LFkkfir nqdkunkjksa dh rqyuk esa viuh fLFkfr dks csgrj cuk;k gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

ØãU ¥¢·¤... lEikndh;] fofo/krkvksa dks lesVs yht+k] twu 2019 dk vad vkids le{k izLrqr gSA bl vad esa ,d rjQ rks [ksrh dh fuos'k lEcU/kh ykxr de djus gsrq LFkkbZ ,oa LFkkuh; vH;klksa ds Åij ckr dh x;h gS rks nwljh rjQ mRiknksa ds ewY; vfHko`f) dks vk; c<+kus dk ,d izeq[k ek/;e ekuk x;k gSA if=dk dk igyk ys[k ^êNyh ls rS;kj vehuks % ,d mi;ksxh tSfod fodYi** gS] tks ,l- izseyrk }kjk fyf[kr gSA bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls ysf[kdk us rfeyukMq esa fdlkuksa }kjk eNfy;ksa ds vif'k"Vksa ls tSfod rjy [kkn rS;kj djus vkSj mlds iz;ksx ls [ksrh esa gksus okys Qk;nksa ds ckjs esa crk;k gSA lkFk gh ;g Hkh crk;k gS fd ;s u flQZ Qlyksa ds fy, [kkn dk dke djrs gSa] oju~ i;kZoj.k v'kq)rk dks de djus esa Hkh lgk;d gksrs gSaA if=dk ds nwljs ik;nku ij ck,Q }kjk vius vuqHkoksa dks n'kkZrk ys[k ^îkjEifjd ikddyk % ewY; Jà[kyk dks c<+kus dh vfUre dM+h** gS] ftlesa ;g crkus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd cgq/kk ge mRiknkas dks vkSus&ikSus nkeksa ij csp nsrs gSa] tks ykHk ds ctk; uqdlku dk dkj.k curk gSA bl ys[k esa laLFkk us nf{k.kh xqtjkr eas vkfnoklh efgykvksa }kjk vk; l`tu ds {ks= esa fd;s tk jgs iz;klksa dks n'kkZ;k gSA bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls ;g iznf'kZr fd;k x;k gS fd ugkjh [kk| LVkyksa ds ek/;e ls vkfnoklh O;atuksa us 'kgjh leqnk;ksa esa viuh iSB cuk;h gSA rhljs vad esa usiky dh efgykvksa }kjk tSfod lfCt+;ksa ds m|ksx ds {ks= esa fd;s tk jgs iz;klksa dks mfYyf[kr fd;k x;k gSA ysf[kdk fueZyk vf/kdkjh us ^^m|eh ds :i esa efgyk** uked ys[k esa usiky ds nkaMQk;k xkao dh efgykvksa }kjk tSfod :i ls lfCt+;ka mxkus vkSj mUgsa cktkj esa cspus dh lQy xfrfof/k dks fyfic) fd;k gSA ;g Hkh crk;k x;k gS fd fdl izdkj efgykvksa us cktkj dh uCt igpku dj vkSj le; dk vkdyu dj fo'ks"kdj rhFkZ;k=kvksa rFkk cM+s usikyh mRloksa esa vkiwfrZ djus gsrq lkewfgd rkSj ij tSfod lfCt+;ka mRikfnr djus dk dke fd;k gSA izoh.k tks'kh }kjk fyf[kr ys[k ^^cgq mi;ksxh ikS/kk pUnzk % vkthfodk dk ,d fodYi** if=dk dk pkSFkk ys[k gSA blesa ys[kd us fgeky;h {ks= esa ik;h tkus okyh ikS/k pUnzk ,oa mlds vkS"k/kh; xq.kksa dks crkrs gq, LFkkbZ vkthfodk dh n`f"V ls bl ikS/ks ds laj{k.k o lao/kZu dh ckr dh gSA if=dk dk ikapoka vkSj vfUre ys[k ^^lkewfgdrk dh 'kfDr** gSA tlchj la/kw vkSj jkts'k 'kekZ us vius vuqHkoksa ,oa mnkgj.kksa ls ;g le>kus dk iz;kl fd;k gS fd laxfBr gksdj u flQZ efgyk,a oju~ iq:"k leqnk; Hkh [ksrh lEcU/kh pqukSfr;ksa ls fuiV ldrk gSA lw[kk {ks=ksa esa [ksrh ds fy, ewyHkwr rRo ikuh ds laj{k.k ,oa mlds izcU/ku ds egRo dks Hkh bl ys[k esa n'kkZ;k x;k gSA mijksDr lHkh ys[kksa esa tehu ls tqM+dj dke djus okys LoSfPNd laxBuksa us leqnk; dks ,df=r djus vkSj uo igy djus gsrq vko';d {kerk] n{krk o lalk/ku tqVkus esa egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gS] ftls ,d volj ds :i esa izkIr dj fdlku leqnk;ksa us LFkkbZ o lrr~ vkthfodk ds y{; dks izkIr djus dk liuk ns[kk vkSj fØ;kfUor dj jgs gSaA vk'kk gS] if=dk vkids fy, mi;ksxh gksxhA fn;s x;s ys[kksa ij vkids fopkjksa@lq>koksa dh izrh{kk vo'; jgsxhA blh ds lkFk---

lEiknd e.My

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

×ÀUÜè âð ÌñØæÚU ¥×èÙæð °·¤ ©UÂØæð»è Áñçß·¤ çß·¤ËÂ °â. Âýð×ÜÌæ rfeyukMq esa fdlku lewgksa us e`nk moZjrk c<+kus ds fy, eNyh ls rS;kj vehuks ds :i esa ,d lQy lek/kku ik;k gSA ukbVªkstu ls le`) ;g vehuks e`nk esa u dsoy ukbVªkstu dh vko';drk dks de djrk gS] oju~ ,d fodkl mRizsjd ds rkSj ij viuh lsok,a nsrs gq, mRiknu dks Hkh c<+krk gS vkSj iznw"k.k ?kVkus ds ,d ek/;e ds rkSj ij Hkh gSA jlk;fud fuos'kksa tSls& moZjd] dhVuk'kdksa vkfn ds mi;ksx ls lexz rkSj ij [ksr dh mRikndrk esa o`f) gqbZ gS vkSj [kk| lqqj{kk izkIr djus esa lgk;rk feyh gSA ijUrq bu jlk;fud fuos'kkas ds mi;ksx ls /khjs&/khjs izkÑfrd ra= lekIr gks jgs gSaA e`nk esa ik;h tkus okyh lw{e vkSj vfr lw{e thoksa o ouLifr;ksa dh cgqr lh iztkfr;ka tSls& uhy&gfjr 'kSoky ,oa vt+ksyk tks gekjh Ñf"k iz.kkyh dk ,d vfuok;Z vax Fkh] foyqIr gks x;h gSa vkSj mudk LFkku gkfudkjd ?kklksa tSls & lkyfofu;ka us ys fy;k gS] ftlls tyk'k; tSfod :i ls e`rizk; gksrs tk jgs gSaA jlk;uksa vkSj dhVuk'kdksa ds va/kk/kqU/k iz;ksx ls u dsoy dhV ekjs tk jgs gSa] oju~ vc dhV iraxksa ds Åij bu dhVuk'kdksa dk dksbZ vlj ugha gksrk vkSj muesa fgalk dh izo`fÙk Hkh c<+ jgh gSA bu jlk;uksa dk ekuo ,oa i'kq LokLF; ij nq"izHkko iM+ jgk gS] mudh vk;q de gksrh tk jgh gS vkSj ;gh dkj.k gS fd ubZ ih<+h esa dSalj tSlh ?kkrd chekfj;ka rsth ls QSy jgh gSaA tkuojksa dh rjg ikS/kksa dks Hkh vehuks ,flM dh vko';drk gksrh gSA mUgsa ikS/kksa esa i;kZIr ek=k esa la'ysf"kr ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS ijUrq ;s okuLifrd fodkl] Qwy yxus ,oa mRikndrk ds fy, vfr vko';d gksrs gSaA gkykafd budh cgqr de ek=k esa vko';drk gksrh gS] ijUrq budh deh ls Qlyksa ds fodkl vkSj mRikndrk ij O;kid vlj iM+rk gSA bl vko';drk dks iwjk djus gsrq eNyh vkSj ekal vif'k"Vksa ls vehuks ,flM rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA

ukbVªkstu ls le`) eNyh vehuks dk [kkn ds :i esa iz;ksx

ekulwu ds ckn] cgqr cM+h ek=k esa eNfy;ksa dk vif'k"V mRlftZr gksrk gSA eNyh izlaLdj.k bdkbZ;ksa ls Hkh <sj lkjk vif'k"V fudyrk gSA fuLrkj.k dh mfpr iz.kkyh u gksus ds dkj.k] izk;% ;s i;kZoj.kh; iznw"k.k ,oa chekfj;ksa dk dkj.k curh gSaA ;fn bl vif'k"V dks le; ls vkSj lgh <ax ls izlaLÑr fd;k tk;s rks iznw"k.k dh leL;k dk lek/kku djus ds vfrfjDr ;s ,d vnH~krq fodkl mRizsjd ds rkSj ij dke djsxkA cktkj esa O;olkf;d :i ls miyC/k Ñf=e vehuks mRizsjdksa dh vis{kk ;g fodkl mRiszjd vf/kd csgrj gksrk gSA ,d Lo;alsoh laxBu ohds&ukjnsi tSo vif'k"Vksa ds iqupZØhdj.k vkSj ewY; lao/kZu ds fy, rduhd fodflr dj jgk gSA ;g rduhd bl fopkj/kkjk ij vk/kkfjr gS fd ^^,d ra= ls izkIr vif'k"Vksa ls nwljs ra=ksa dk Hkkstu cuuk pkfg,A** ;g ra= dks vf/kd ÅtkZ dq'ky cukrk gSA bl lexz ekWMy ls izÑfr dk laj{k.k gksxk] tSofofo/krk dh lqj{kk gksxh] thok'e bZa/ku cpsxk] dkcZu MkbZ vkDlkbM dk mRltZu ?kVsxk] Hkkstu dks fo"kkDr gksus ls cpk;sxk vkSj ekuo thou dh vkus okyh ihf<+;ksa dks dbZ u;h xEHkhj chekfj;ksa ls cpk;sxkA eNyh vehuksa dk mi;ksx dj FkksekbZ buklh us viuh x`gokfVdk mxkbZ

,d ra= ls izkIr vif'k"V ls nwljh ra=ksa ds fy, Hkkstu cuuk pkfg,A** oh ds ukjnsi ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

,d lsokfuo`Ùk v/;kfidk izkesyk viuh Nr ij lfCt+;ka] lkx] Qwy] Qy mxkrh gSaA bUgksaus Qjojh] 2016 esa foosdkuUn dsUnz] dU;kdqekjh esa eNyh vehuks cukus ij vk;ksftr izf'k{k.k esa Hkkx fy;kA izf'k{k.k ysus ds ckn bUgksaus eNyh vehuks rS;kj fd;k vkSj 15 fnuksa esa ,d ckj vius ikS/kksa ij fNM+dko fd;kA izkesyk dgrh gSa ^^feyh cx dks fu;fU=r djuk ,d pqukSrh FkhA eSaus bl gsrq cgqr ls rjhds viuk;s] ij lHkh vlQy jgsA ijUrq eNyh vehuks dk fNM+dko djus ds ckn ;g leL;k iw.kZ :i ls [kRe gks x;h gSA**

eNyh ds vif'k"Vksa dk iqupZØhdj.k eNyh ds vif'k"Vksa esa izksVhu Hkjiwj ek=k esa gksrk gS] ysfdu efD[k;ksa ,oa lw{e dhVksa ds pyrs bls 24 ?k.Vs ls vf/kd le; rd ugha j[kk tk ldrk gSA ,;jkscsl ds lkFk lw{e tSfod gzkl gksus ls bldh nqxZU/k esa deh vk;sxhA ,d oSKkfud vkSj fu;fU=r lM+u izfØ;k nqxZU/k dks de dj ldrk gS vkSj okaNuh; mRiknksa dk mRiknu dj ldrk gSA bl izdkj rS;kj mRikn dks ,d ikS/k fodkl mRiszjd ds rkSj ij Hkfo"; esa mi;ksx djus gsrq cUn djds j[kk tk ldrk gSA eNyh vehuks dks fuEu rjhds ls rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA lcls igys eNyh@ekal ds csdkj inkFkZ dks ,d= dj mls ,d IykfLVd ds fMCcs esa j[kdj <Ddu cUn dj nsaA vc fMCcs esa bdV~Bk csdkj inkFkksZa ds vk/ks ek=k esa ikuh feyk nsaA rRi'pkr~ izfr fdxzk0 eNyh vif'k"V esa 0-5 ls 0-1 xzke rd iihrs dk jl feyk nsaA ids iihrk ds Åijh lrg ij FkksM+k lk dkVus ds ckn mlls ,d= iihrs dk jl ,d cgqr l'kDr ikS/k ,Utkbe gS] tks fdlh Hkh tkuoj ds izksVhu dks isIVksu vkSj vehuks ,flM esa rqjUr ifjofrZr djus dh {kerk j[krk gSA lHkh lkefxz;kas dks iihrs ds jl ds lkFk vPNh rjg feykdj 5&8 ?k.Vksa ds fy, j[k nsaA le;&le; ij crZu dks fgykrs&Mqykrs jgsaA 5&8 ?k.Vksa ds ckn ,d fdxzk0 eNyh vif'k"V ds fglkc ls izfr fdxzk0 200 xzke xqM+ dks vk/kk yhVj ikuh esa ?kksy dj bl ?kksy dks Hkh feyk nsaA xqM+ lYQj lewg ds thok.kqvksa ds fodkl dks jksdus esa lgk;d gksrk gSA ;s lYQj lewg eq[; :i ls izksVhu Ñ 6

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

;qDr lYQj ds VwVus vkSj nqxZU/k NksM+us okyh xSlksa tSls gkbM~kstu lYQkbV ds mRltZu ds fy, eq[; rkSj ij ftEesnkj gksrs gSaA blds vykok xqM+ lw{e dod tSls lSØksekbfVu ds fodkl dks c<+kok nsrs gSa tks vehuks ,flM ds vUnj izksVhu dks o ,Ydksgy rFkk dsVksUl ds vUnj dkcksZgkbMªsV dks Hkax dj nsrk gSA bl izfØ;k es gfM~M;ka Hkh ip tkrh gSa vkSj muesa QklQsV vkSj dfSY'k;e ;kSfxdksa dk gzkl gksrk gSA lw{e dod vkSj cSDVhfj;k ds la;qDr :i ls mfpr lM+u ds ek/;e ls 15&20 fnuksa ds vUnj lM+u dh izfØ;k iw.kZ gksxhA vfUre mRikn esa 2&5 xquk ikuh Mkydj vkSj Nkudj vdZ rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA vc bl ?kksy dks ikS/kksa ij bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA mi;ksx esa i.khZ; fNM+dko dks izkFkfedrk nsuh pkfg,A Nkuus ds ckn dqN v?kqys inkFkksZa dks [kkn ds :i esa [ksr esa mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl mRikn dks rS;kj djus esa 30 :0@yh0 dh ykxr vkrh gS] tcfd fdlku bls vklkuh :0 50 izfr yhVj dh nj ls csp ldrk gSA

rduhd dk foLrkj foosdkuUn dsUnz&ukjnsi us eNyh vehuks dks rS;kj djus ds Åij fdlkuksa ,oa Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dks izf'k{k.k fn;kA fdlku vc bl rduhd dks Lohdkj djus yxs gSaA Qjojh 2016 esa ,d lsokfuo`Ùk v/;kfidk izkesyk us bl vehuks dks rS;kj djus ij fn;s tkus okys izf'k{k.k esa lgHkkfxrk fuHkkbZ vkSj eNyh vehuks dks cukdj lfCt+;ksa ds ikS/kksa ij mi;ksx djuk 'kq: dj fn;kA vkt viuh lfCt+;ksa ds mRiknu esa 15&20 izfr'kr rd o`f) ls izseyrk dkQh [kq'k gSa ¼ns[ksa& ckDl½ orZeku esa foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] ubZ fnYyh ds lkFk gh ukckMZ Hkh vius yksdfiz; dk;ZØe ^^rduhd dh vuqdwyu {kerk (CAT)** ds ek/;e ls bl rduhd dks izksRlkfgr dj jgs gSaA eNyh vehuks u flQZ dpjk ls lEifÙk cukus esa lgk;rk djrh gS] oju~ ;g iznw"k.k ?kVkus esa Hkh enn djrh gS vkSj ikS/k fodkl mRiszjd ds rkSj ij dke djrh gSA blds iz;ksx ds ckn [ksrksa ls izkIr ifj.kke Hkh dkQh mRlkgtud gSaA mRiknu esa 15 ls 20 izfr'kr rd dh o`f) ntZ dh x;h gS vkSj lkFk gh ukbVªkstu moZjd dh vko';drk Hkh de gqbZ gSA blds lkFk gh fdlkuksa dh cktkj ij fuHkZjrk Hkh ?kVh gSA °â. Âýð×ÜÌæ àææðÏ âãUæØ·¤ çßßð·¤æÙ‹Î ·ð¤‹¼ý- ÙæÚUÎðÂ ·¤ËØæ·¤é×æÚU- {w~|®w §ü-×ðÜ Ñvknardep@gmail.com ßðÕâæ§üÅ Ñ www.vknardep.org; www.greenrameswaram.org U Biological Crop Management LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.2, June 2018

ÂæÚU ÂçÚU·¤ Âæ·¤·¤Üæ Ñ ×êËØ Ÿæë¢¹Üæ ·¤æð ÕÉ¸UæÙð ·¤è ¥ç‹Ì× ·¤Ç¸Uè Õæ°È¤ ugkjh ,d igy gS] tks nf{k.k xqtjkr ds xkaoksa esa vkfnoklh efgykvkas ds usr`Ro esa ikjEifjd ns'kh Hkkstu LVky ds :i esa ck,Q }kjk lQyrkiwoZd LFkkfir dh x;h gSA ugkjh dh vo/kkj.kk nf{k.k xqtjkr ds 'kgjh leqnk;ksa vkSj i;ZVdksa ds chp vkfnoklh ikddyk dks izksRlkfgr djus gsrq leqnk; ds LokfeRo esa vkSj leqnk; }kjk lapkfyr nqdku ds :i esa gS] ftlls ,d rjQ rks vkfnoklh O;atuksa dk cM+s iSekus ij izlkj gksrk gS vkSj nwljh rjQ bu O;atuksa ds ek/;e ls mRiknksa dh ewY; o`f) djrs gq, vkfnoklh efgykvksa ds fy, vk; ds u;s lzksr Hkh rS;kj gksrs gSaA

ugkjh [kk| LVky gSa] tks vkfnoklh efgykvksa }kjk Tokj] cktjk] elwj] ikjEifjd fepZ vkSj ekSleh taxyh [kk| inkFkksZa ls Lokfn"V O;atu rS;kj dj cspus gsrq yxk;s tkrs gSaA ;s O;atu vkfnoklh lewg dh efgykvksa }kjk ikjEifjd rjhds ls gh rS;kj fd;s tkrs gSaA lcls igyk ugkjh LVky o"kZ 2006 esa] oylkM ds fudV

xuiqj xkao esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k FkkA tc ck,Q us i;kZoj.k LokLF; fo"k; ds vUrxZr LFkkuh; ny lnL;ksa ds lkFk feydj v/;;u dk vk;kstu fd;k] mlh le; bl izdkj ds igy dk fopkj lkeus vk;kA bl v/;;u ds vUrxZr LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k vkSj LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa }kjk iz;ksx dh tkus okyh cgqr lh taxyh [kk| lalk/kuksa dk vkdyu djus ds fy, cgqr lh xfrfof/k;ka ,oa dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;s x;sA blh v/;;u ds vUrxZr vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa dh efgykvksa dks ysdj Lo;a lgk;rk lewgksa dk xBu fd;k x;kA bu lewgksa esa ls dqN m|eh efgyk lewgksa tSls ^^t; vEcs efgyk e.My** ,oa ^^ctjaxcyh efgyk e.My** us ikjEifjd O;atuksa dks cspus gsrq la;qDr :i ls ,d LVky LFkkfir djus dk lkglh dne mBk;kA mudh ;g j.kuhfr dke dj x;hA muds vk'p;Z dh lhek ugha jgh] tc mUgsa irk pyk fd igyh gh ckj mUgsa ugkjh ds ek/;e ls vkfnoklh ikjEifjd O;atuksa dh fcØh ls :0 12000-00 dk 'kq) ykHk gqvkA bl lQyrk ls mRlkfgr gksdj] lewg us fofHkUu vk;kstuksa ds voljksa ij ?kj ds cus ikjEifjd O;atuksa dh vkiwfrZ izkjEHk dj nhA ikjEifjd O;atuksa dks yksdfiz; cukus esa ugkjh us lgk;rk nh

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o"kZ 2006 esa vkxUrqdksa ds fy, ikjEifjd vkfnoklh Fkkyh ijkslus gsrq xkao xuiqj esa bu efgykvksa }kjk LFkkfir fd;k x;k igyk ugkjh LVky fn[kkA ijEijkxr :i ls] vkfnoklh Fkkyh esa jkxh dh jksfV;ka ¼bls LFkkuh; Hkk"kk esa ukaxyh jksryk dgrs gSa½] mnZ dh nky vkSj ,d LFkkuh; ekSleh lCth gksrh gSA ugkjh dh efgykvkas us vkfnoklh Fkkyh esa mijksDr ds vykok LFkkuh; mRiknksa ls rS;kj ,d vFkok nks vfrfjDr O;atuksa dks j[kus dk fu'p; fd;kA mi;qDr ekgkSy iznku djus ds fy, bu ugkjh LVkyksa dh Hkhrjh ltkoV vkfnoklh lkt&lTtk ds vuq:i dh x;h gSA xkao dh ikjEifjd o dV~VjiaFkh i`"BHkwfe ds foijhr bldh vn~Hkqr lkt&lTtk bls vkSj vf/kd vkd"kZd cukrh gSA bu LVkyksa dh vkUrfjd ltkoV esa ikjEifjd o vk/kqfudrk dk feJ.k djrs gq, vkfnoklh efgykvksa dh ikd&dyk dks Hkh fpf=r fd;k x;k gS ftlls ;gka ij ,d vkn'kZ okrkoj.k cu tkrk gSA xuiqj ugkjh 17 efgykvksa ds ,d Lo;a lgk;rk lewg }kjk pyk;k tkrk gSA bl ugkjh esa izfrfnu vkSlru :0 1000-00 dk O;kikj gksrk gS vkSj ;g vc vkRefuHkZj gks pqdk gSA vkt] ;s efgyk,a ykHk ds vfrfjDr izfrfnu :0 50-00 izfr O;fDr dh nj ls vk; izkIr dj jgh gSa] tks mudh la;qDr cpr gSA mUgksaus vyx&vyx ikyh esa dk;Z djus gsrq 6&6&5 efgykvksa ds rhu milewg cuk j[ks gSaA bl izdkj izR;sd efgyk dks ,d ekg esa flQZ 10 fnu gh dke djuk iM+rk gSA [kkuk cukus] ijkslus] lkQ&lQkbZ djus vkfn ls lEcfU/kr izR;sd dk;Z ds fy, vyx&vyx efgyk dh ftEesnkjh gksrh gSA mUgksaus vyx&vyx mi lewg blfy, cuk j[ks gSa rkfd Hkkstu LVky dks lqpk: <ax ls lapkfyr djus ds fy, izR;sd milewg viuk lHkh dk;Z le; ls o O;ofLFkr rjhds ls lEiUu gksuk lqfuf'pr dj ldsA [kkus gsrq rktk Hkkstu rS;kj dj ijkslus ds vfrfjDr bu efgykvksa us olqU/kjk dksvkijsfVo ds mRiknksa dks cktkj esa cspus gsrq ,d nqdku Hkh pykuk izkjEHk dj fn;k gSA bl gsrq bUgksaus :0 5000-00 dk fuos'k fd;k] tks Hkkstu LVky ds izcU/ku ls izkIr vk; ls fy;kA vkt ugkjh ds dS'k ckDl esa j[ks flDdksa dh [ku[kukgV ls Li"V irk pyrk gS fd budk dkjksckj dkQh vPNk py jgk gSA ugkjh dh lQyrk dks LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa }kjk viuh ikjEifjd Hkkstu vk/kkfjr Kku ,oa {kerkvksa dh laj{k.k djus o mls iquthZfor djus ds fy, ekU;rk vkSj iqjLdkj ds :i esa ns[kk tk jgk gSA

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xuiqj ds xzkeh.kksa }kjk rS;kj fd;k x;k ;g LFky] vkl&ikl ds xkaoksa ds jgus okys yksxksa rFkk vkfnoklh O;atuksa ds 'kkSdhu Fkds&gkjs ;kf=;ksa ds fy, vc ilanhnk vkSj :dus dk LFkkbZ LFkku cu x;k gSA ij ugkjh dk ;g lQj bruk vklku ugha FkkA m|ksx ds izcU/ku ds fy, vkUrfjd {kerk fuekZ.k] yksxksa ds vUnj vkRefo'okl txkus dk dk;Z rFkk ugkjh dks ,d O;ogkfjd O;kikj m|e ds :i esa rS;kj djus gsrq vkfnoklh efgykvksa ds lewg dks vko';d izf'k{k.k ,oa n{krk miyC/k djkus lEcU/kh lHkh dk;ksZa esa cgqr vf/kd iz;kl djuk iM+k] ftls ck,Q us c[kwch lEiUu fd;kA blds lkFk gh ck,Q us bu izf'kf{kr efgykvksa dks viuk dk;Z 'kq: djus gsrq ;FkklaHko _.k fnykus rFkk Hkkstu LVky gsrq cqfu;knh <kapksa dks rS;kj djus esa Hkh lg;ksx iznku fd;kA ugkjh dh lQyrk ls mRlkfgr gksdj nf{k.k xqtjkr ds jktekxksZa ds vkl&ikl blh izdkj ds 7&8 ugkjh Hkkstuky;ksa dks LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA iqu% o"kZ 2008 esa ^^xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa vkfrF; lsokvksa ds izko/kku ds ek/;e ls xzkeh.k vkSj vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa dks vkthfodk uokpkj miyC/k djkus ds fy, fodYiksa ds fodkl** ds fy, ck,Q ds fFkesfVd dsUnz ds ek/;e ls bl lQy xfrfof/k dks nqgjk;k x;kA vkt bl xfrfof/k dk nqgjko cM+s iSekus ij gks jgk gS vkSj blesa i;ZVd vkSj LFkkuh; leqnk; nksuksa gh :fp ys jgs gSaA ;g vo/kkj.kk i;ZVdksa vkSj LFkkuh; leqnk; nksuksa }kjk gh viuk;h tk jgh gSA bls vkfnoklh efgykvksa ds l'kfDrdj.k ds fy, ,d ek/;e ds rkSj ij ns[kk tk jgk gSA ftlesa ;g lqfuf'pr gksrk gS fd vk; vtZu ds jkLrs ij vkfnokfl;ksa dh ijEijk,a ,oa vknrsa u"V ugha gksaxhA

,d ekWMy ds rkSj ij mHkjuk vke rkSj ij vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa dks fodflr {ks=ksa ds fy, lcls vf/kd leL;kizn ekuk tkrk gSA ijUrq vi;kZIr lalk/kuksa vkSj vkthfodk ds lhfer voljksa ds dkj.k bu leqnk;ksa dks gh lcls vf/kd leL;k,a gksrh gSaA fodflr leqnk;ksa ds lkFk vius&vki dks eq[; /kkjk esa 'kkfey djus ds fy, o vkthfodk gsrq la?k"kZjr jgus okys vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa esa ugkjh Hkkstu LVky efgyk cgqy lewg ds ,d ekMy ds rkSj ij mHkj jgk gSA ;s {ks= dkQh fiNM+s gq, gSa vkSj ;gka ij eq[; :i ls dqduk] dksyh] okyhZ] dksrofy;k] dksypk] uk;dk vkfn vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa dk fuokl gSA bl Hkkx esa vkfnoklh leqnk; vius vfLrRo rFkk lhfer ek=k esa miyC/k vkthfodk fodYiksa ds fy, fujUrj la?k"kZjr gSaA

vius ?kj ds ikl gh vkfnoklh efgykvksa ds Lo m|ksx rS;kj djus ds vfrfjDr] ;s ugkjh {ks= esa vkfnoklh vkSj xSj vkfnoklh nksuksa leqnk;ksa ds chp ikjEifjd [kk| O;atuksa dks yksdfiz; cukus esa lgk;d fl) gks jgs gSaA vc ;k=hx.k vkfnoklh leqnk;ksa ds iks"kd ,oa Lokfn"V O;atuksa ds ckjs esa tkx:d gks x;s gSa vkSj mldk vuqHko ysus yxs gSaA LFkkuh; leqnk;ksa }kjk viuh ikjEifjd Hkkstu vk/kkfjr Kku ,oa {kerkvksa ds laj{k.k ,oa iquthZfor djus ds fy, ekU;rk vkSj iqjLdkj ds :i esa Hkh ugkjh dh lQyrk dks ns[kk tk jgk gSA ;g Hkh mEehn gS fd LFkkuh; taxyh [kk| lzksrksa ds fy, ekax rS;kj djus ls lalk/ku laj{k.k xfrfof/k;ksa esa Hkh lg;ksx feysxkA bl igy ls vkfnoklh efgykvksa dks fcuk ?kj ls nwj tk;s vius gh xkao esa ykHkdkjh jkstxkj ds fy, volj vkSj vko';d foRrh; izksRlkgu izkIr djus esa Hkh lgk;rk feyh gSA xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa csjkstxkjh ds ctk; de jkstxkj dh leL;k gSA de jkstxkj vf/kd xaHkhj gS D;ksafd bldk eryc gS fd ;s xzkeh.k efgyk,a dsoy mlh le; miyC/k gksrh gSa] tc muds ikl ?kj dk dke ugha gksrk gSA dke esa bl yphysiu dk lcls vf/kd Qk;nk mu ugkjh pykus okyh efgykvksa dks gksrk] ftuds ikl vius gh leqnk; esa dke ds cgqr ls fodYi ugha feys gksrs gSaA lkekU; ?kjsyw x`g.kh ls ysdj Lukrd i<+h bu efgykvksa dk lewg ,d lQy m|e ds rkSj ij LFkkfir gks pqdk gS vkSj vc ;s m|e LFkkfir djus gsrq vU; Hkkstuky;ksa dks Hkh iSlk ns jgh gSaA

Issues and Themes of LEISA INDIA Published in English 2002-2018 V.4, No. 1, 2002- Managing Livestock V.4, No. 2, 2002 - Rural Communication V.4, No. 3, 2002 - Recreating living soil V.4, No. 4, 2002 - Women in agriculture V.5, No. 1, 2003 - Farmers Field School V.5, No. 2, 2003 - Ways of water harvesting V.5, No. 3, 2003 - Access to resources V.5, No. 4, 2003 - Reversing Degradation V.6, No. 1, 2004 - Valuing crop diversity V.6, No. 2, 2004 - New generation of farmers V.6, No. 3, 2004 - Post harvest Management V.6, No. 4, 2004 - Farming with nature V.7, No. 1, 2005 - On Farm Energy V.7, No. 2, 2005 - More than Money V.7, No. 3, 2005 - Contribution of Small Animals V.7, No. 4, 2005 - Towards Policy Change V.8, No. 1, 2006 - Documentation for Change V.8, No. 2, 2006 - Changing Farming Practices V.8, No. 3, 2006 - Knowledge Building Processes V.8, No. 4, 2006 - Nurturing Ecological Processes V.9, No. 1, 2007 - Farmers Coming together V.9, No. 2, 2007 - Securing Seed Supply V.9, No. 3, 2007 - Healthy Produce, People and Environment V.9, No. 4, 2007 - Ecological Pest Management V.10, No. 1, 2008 -Towards Fairer Trade V.10. No. 2, 2008 - Living soils V.10, No. 3, 2008 - Farming and Social Inclusion V.10, No. 4, 2008 - Dealing with Climate Change V.11, No. 1, 2009 - Farming Diversity V.11, No. 2, 2009 - Farmers as Entrepreneurs V.11, No. 3, 2009 - Women and Food Sovereignty V.11, No. 4, 2009 - Scaling up and sustaining the gains V.12, No.1, 2010 - Livestock for sustainable livelihoods V.12, No.2, 2010 - Finance for farming V.12, No.3, 2010 - Managing water for sustainable farming V.13, No.1, 2011 - Youth in farming V.13, No.2, 2011 - Trees and farming V.13, No.3, 2011 - Regional Food System V.13, No.4, 2011 - Securing Land Rights V.14, No.1, 2012 - Insects as Allies V.14, No.2, 2012 - Greening the Economy V.14, No.3, 2012- Farmer Organisations V. 14, No.4, 2012- Combating Desertification V. 15, No.1, 2013- SRI: A scaling up success V. 15, No.2, 2013- Farmers and market V. 15, No.3, 2013- Education for change V. 15, No.4, 2013- Strengthening family farming

Õæ°È¤ Õæ°È¤ ÖßÙ ÇUæò ×ç‡æÖæ§ü Îðâæ§ü Ù»ÚU, ßæÁðü, Âé‡æð, ×ãUæÚUæCïþU-yvv®z} §ü-×ðÜ Ñbaif@baif.org.in Agroecological Value Chains LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.1, March 2018

;g ys[k ewy :i ls ,l-,Q-,-lh-] 2014 Ñf"k lw= 2& fdlku mRiknd laxBuksa dh lQy dgkfu;ka esa ^^'kgjh leqnk;ksa ds chp vkfnoklh O;atuksa dks izksRlkfgr djuk^^ uke ls izdkf'kr gks pqdk gSA

V. 16, No. 1, 2014- Cultivating farm biodiversity V. 16, No. 2, 2014- Family farmers breaking out of poverty V. 16, No. 3, 2014- Family farmers and sustainable landscapes V. 16, No. 4, 2014- Family farming and nutrition V. 17, No. 1, 2015- Soils for life V. 17, No. 2, 2015- Rural-urban linkages V. 17, No. 3, 2015- Water-lifeline for livelihoods V. 17, No. 4, 2015- Women forging change V. 18, No. 1, 2016- Co-creation to knowledge V. 18, No. 2, 2016- Valuing underutilised crops V. 18, No. 3, 2016- Agroecology-Measurable and sustainable V. 18, No. 4, 2016- Stakeholders in agroecology V. 19, No. 1, 2017- Food Sovereignty V. 19, No. 2, 2017- Climate Change and Ecological appraches V. 19, No. 3, 2017- Ecological Livestock V. 19, No. 4, 2017- Millet Farming Systems V. 20, No. 1, 2018- Agroecological Value Chains V. 20, No. 2, 2018- Biological Crop Management V. 20, No. 3, 2018- Small Holders Farm Enterprises V. 20, No. 4, 2018- Agroecological Innovations Special Issue April 2018- Agroecology- A path towards SDGs

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©Ul×è ·ð¤ M¤Â ×ð´ ×çãUÜæ çÙ×üÜæ ¥çÏ·¤æÚUè tSfod rjhdksa ls rS;kj lfCt+;ksa dk miHkksx djus ls usiky ds nkaMQk;k xkao esa leqnk; ds yksxksa dk LokLF; mUur gqvk gSA ,d lewg ds :i esa laxfBr gksdj vkSj tSfod lfCt+;ka mxkdj nkaMQk;k dh efgykvksa us u flQZ viuh vkenuh c<+kbZ gS vkSj jkstxkj ds LFkkbZ voljksa dks rS;kj fd;k gS] oju~ blls lkekftd&vkfFkZd l'kfDrdj.k Hkh vk;h gSA nkaMQk;k xkao gqeyk esa fLFkr gS] tks fledksV&dSyk'k ioZr vkSj ekuljksoj tkus okys jkLrs ij usiky ds izkfoUl 6 dk ,d lqnwj fgeky;u ftyk gSA ;gka vkthfodk dk eq[; lk/ku Ñf"k gSA ikjEifjd :i ls] efgyk,a [ksrh ds dkeksa esa layXu jgrh gSa vkSj vukt tSls dqVw] tkS] jkxh] fgeky;u cktjk] vkyw] xsagw ,oa pkoy mxkrh gSaA Ñf"k esa ijEijkxr i)fr;ksa dk mi;ksx dj bu Qlyksa dh LFkkuh; iztkfr;ka mxkbZ tkrh gSa ftuls cgqr gh de mit feyrh gSA de mRiknu feyus ds dkj.k yksxksa dks iwjs o"kZ esa ek= 3&4 ekg rd gh [kkuk fey ikrk gSA efgyk,a lfCt+;ka tSls dn~nw] fepkZ vkSj 'kyte Hkh mxkrh gSa] tks ,d o"kZ esa yxHkx 3 eghuksa ds fy, gh i;kZIr gksrk gSA ifj.kker% bl {ks= esa cgqr ls cPps dqiksf"kr gSaA dkWeu Qksje Qkj Msoyies.V ¼lh,QMh½ o"kZ 2012 esa LFkkfir laLFkk dkWeu Qksje QkWj Msoyies.V usiky dh ,d tkuh&ekuh laLFkk gS] tks usiky ds e/;&if'peh t+ksu esa fLFkr lqnwj fgeky;u ftyksa esa LFkkbZ xjhch gVkus ,oa y?kq ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa lfgr xjhc] oafpr ,oa lhekUr ifjokjksa ds fy, vkthfodk ds voljksa rFkk [kk| lqj{kk c<+kus ij fo'ks"k :i ls dke dj jgh gSA ;g laLFkk xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa jgus okyh efgykvksa] nfyrkas ,oa vU; lhekUr leqnk;ksa ds lkFk gh tutkrh; lewgksa dks bl izdkj ls l{ke cukrk gS fd os xjhch gVkus gsrq Lo;a jkLrk [kkst ldsa vkSj vf/kd vkRefuHkZj rFkk l'kDr cu ldsaA ;g yksxksa dks Lo;a viuh enn djus esa lg;ksx nsrk gS rkfd os usiky esa vR;f/kd xjhch dks lekIr djus gsrq ykxr izHkkoh lek/kkuksa dks fodflr djus esa l{ke gks ldsaA

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LFkkuh; vFkok fudV ds cktkj esa vius mRiknksa dks csprh efgyk

dkWeu Qksje Qkj Msoyies.V ¼lh,QMh½ ,d LoSfPNd laxBu gS] tks xzkeh.k ifjokjksa dh thou dh xq.koÙkk dks mUur cukus ds mn~ns'; ls gqeyk ftys esa dke dj jgh gSA cgqvk;keh n`f"Vdks.k dks viukrs gq, lh,QMh us yksxksa dh vkthfodk] [kk| lqj{kk] LokLF; ns[kHkky] f'k{kk] leqnkf;d izcU/ku vkSj ts.Mj lekurk tSls eqn~nksa dks ysdj fo'ks"kdj efgykvksa] nfyr] vkfnoklh tutkfr;ksa ,oa usikyh :0 50000 ls Hkh de vkenuh okys fuEu vk; oxZ ds yksxksa ds lkFk dke djuk izkjEHk fd;kA o"kZ 2014 esa] lh,QMh us nkaMQk;k xkao dk Hkze.k fd;k vkSj ogka ij dqN efgykvksa ds lkFk muds lCth mRiknu xfrfof/k;ksa] mudh leL;kvksa ,oa pqukSfr;ksa ij ppkZ dh rFkk mudh vkthfodk dk mUur cukus ds fy, muds xkao esa dke djuk izkjEHk fd;kA

tSfod lCth mRiknu o"kZ 2014 ds e/; esa] lh,QMh us tSfod lCth mRiknu vkSj foi.ku ds egRo ,oa laHkkoukvksa ij xzkeh.k efgykvksa ds lkFk ppkZ,a dhA ppkZvksa ls ;g fudyk fd izR;sd o"kZ fo'ks"kdj ebZ ls flrEcj ds chp esa] tc Hkkjrh; rhFkZ;k=h dSyk'k ioZr vkSj ekuljksoj >hy ds n'kZu djus gsrq fledksV ds jkLrs tkrs gSa] ml le; tSfod lfCt+;ksa dh cgqr vPNh ekax jgrh gSA vkSj MhMhlh ds fjdkMZ ds vuqlkj o"kZ 2017 esa rhFkZ;kf=;ksa

dh la[;k 11000 FkhA iks"k.k vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus rFkk vk; loa/kZu dh laHkkoukvksa ds lanHkZ esa tSfod lCth mRiknu ds egRo dks le>us ds ckn nkaMQk;k xkao dh efgykvksa us tSfod fof/k ls lfCt+;ksa dk mRiknu djus dk fu'p; fd;kA o"kZ 2015 esa lh,QMh us efgyk tSfod lCth mRiknu lewg dk xBu djus esa enn dhA lh,QMh ds lg;ksx ls lewg ds lnL;ksa us tSfod lCth mRiknu ,oa foi.ku dks mUur cukus gsrq fopkjksa dks fodflr fd;kA lkFk gh mUgksaus bls fØ;kfUor djus gsrq xfrfof/k;ksa dk fpUghdj.k djrs gq, ;kstuk rS;kj dhA fo"k; ij vkSj le> fodflr djus ds mn~ns'; ls lh,QMh us bu efgykvksa ds fy, ,d ,Dlikstj foftV vk;ksftr dh vkSj o"kZ 2014 esa cht iqjLdkj dks thrus okyh Fksgs xkao dh efgyk lewg ls budks feyok;kA bl Hkze.k ls nkaMQk;k dh efgyk fdlkuksa ds vUnj vkRefo'okl vk;k fd os vius Lo;a ds m|ksx dks lapkfyr dj ldrh gSaA

{kerk fuekZ.k lewg dh lnL;ksa dks izf'k{k.k iznku djuk ,d egRoiw.kZ dne FkkA efgykvksa dks tSfod lCth mRiknu ds rduhd ,oa izcU/ku nksuksa igyqvksa ij izf'kf{kr fd;k x;kA x`gokfVdk] ulZjh izcU/ku] [kkn cukus ,oa mlds iz;ksx] gcZy dhVuk'kd cukus ,oa mi;ksx] xzhu gkml@yks Vuy ikWyh fuekZ.k ,oa izcU/ku] O;kikj ;kstuk rS;kj djus] y?kq m|ksx fodflr djus vkfn fo"k;ksa ij 3&7 fnuksa dk ,d izf'k{k.k l= vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA bu lHkh izf'k{k.kksa dk vk;kstu ftyk Ñf"k dk;kZy; ds la;qDr rRoko/kku esa fd;k x;kA blds lkFk gh [ksrh ds fofHkUu igyqvkas tSls& lhM csM rS;kj djus] [kkn cukus] jksikbZ] fujkbZ] LFkkuh; Lrj ij rS;kj efgyk lnL;ksa ds chp tSfod Ñf"k ds ckjs esa tkx:drk esa dkQh o`f) gqbZ gSA

tSfod :i ls rS;kj cUn xksHkh

dhVuk'kdksa ds mi;ksx] dVkbZ] mRiknksa dk Js.khdj.k] iSfdax] ifjogu] foi.ku vkfn ij bUgsa iz{ks= Lrj ij Hkh O;ogkfjd izf'k{k.k fn;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr] lewg xBu] lewg dh cSBdsa vk;ksftr djuk] fjdkMZ j[kuk] cpr ,oa _.k izcU/ku] iks"k.k] LokLF; ,oa lkQ&lQkbZ fo"k;ksa ij Hkh budks izf'kf{kr fd;k x;kA lewg ds lnL;ksa us m|ksx dks pykus gsrq yksxksa ds vUnj vkRefo'okl fodflr djus ds fy, lh,QMh }kjk muds xkao esa pyk;h x;h 6 ekg yEch vkfFkZd lk{kjrk d{kkvksa esa Hkh izfrHkkx fd;kA

tSfod lCth mRiknu lewg ds lHkh lnL; mRiknu ds fofHkUu Lrjksa ij lfCt+;ksa mxkrs gSaA ftu efgykvksa ds ikl NksVs Hkw[k.M gSa] os vius ifjokj dh vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, lfCt+;k mxkrh gSa] tcfd dqN efgyk,a vius [ksr ds 5&6 jksikuh (19-67 jksikuh = ,d gsDVs;j) esa lfCt+;k mxkrh gSaA vuqekur% orZeku esa 75 jksikuh (yxHkx 4 gsDVs;j) ls vf/kd {ks= esa tSfod lfCt+;ksa dk mRiknu fd;k tk jgk gSA lnL; I;kt] VekVj] QwyxksHkh] cUnxksHkh] xktj] yglqu] czksdyh] dn~nw] cSxu] [khjk] /kfu;k] ikyd] pkSM+h iRrh okyh ljlks vkfn fofHkUu izdkj dh lfCt+;ksa dks mxkrs gSaA lkekU;r% efgykvksa }kjk mUgha lfCt+;ksa dks yxk;k tkrk gS] ftudh cktkj esa vf/kd ekax gksrh

tSfod Hkkstu dk mi;ksx djus ds ckn LokLF; dsUnzksa ij vkus okys dqiksf"kr cPpksa rFkk Mk;fj;k ds ejhtksa dh la[;k esa mYys[kuh; deh vk;h gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

vf/kd lfCt+;ksa dk miHkksx djus ds ckn ls cPps vf/kd LoLF; gq, gSa

gSA blds lkFk gh vkWQ lhtu] cM+s cktkj] ebZ ls flrEcj ds chp VwfjLV lhtu ,oa izR;sd o"kZ vDVwcj ekg esa iM+us okyk usikfy;ksa dk ,d cM+k R;kSgkj n'kkbu Hkh ,d izeq[k dkjd gksrk gS] ftUgsa /;ku esa j[kdj fofHkUu izdkj dh lfCt+;ka mxk;h tkrh gSaA efgyk m|e lewg us viuh Qlyksa esa Lo;a }kjk rS;kj [kknksa ,oa tSfod dhVuk'kdksa dk mi;ksx fd;kA ,d rjQ tgka mUgksaus tkuojksa ds xkscj o ew= rFkk ?kjksa ls fudyus okys vif'k"V inkFkksZa dk mi;ksx dj O;fDrxr Lrj ij [kkn dks rS;kj fd;k] ogha tSfod dhVuk'kd dks mUgksaus lkewfgd :i ls cuk;kA LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k tM+h&cwfV;ksa dk mi;ksx dj tSfod dhVuk'kdksa dks rS;kj dj mls lewg ds lnL;ksa ds chp forfjr fd;k x;kA ^^lfCt+;ksa us eq>s xjhch ls yM+us esa lg;ksx fn;k gSA eSa vius cPpksa ds fy, u;s diM+s [kjhnus esa l{ke gqbZ vkSj esjs ifr us :0 5000-00 dk _.k pqdk fn;kA eSaus vius iM+ksfl;ksa vkSj lEcfU/k;ksa dks migkj fn;k] tks eSa igys dHkh ugha dj ikrh FkhA** yMqdh] nkMaQk;k efgyk tfSod lCth mRiknu legw dh ,d lnL;

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lfnZ;ksa ds nkSjku] tc ogka ij cQZ gksrh gS] rc efgyk,a xzhu gkml vFkok ikWyh Vuyksa esa lfCt+;ka mxkrh gSaA xzhu gkml dh Nr cukus ds fy, 90&120 th,l,e dh IykfLVd 'khV] ikWyh Vuy ds fy, ikyhFkhu] ikuh ds fMCcs rFkk flapkbZ ikbi ds :i esa lh,QMh ls vkaf'kd lg;ksx izkIr dj fdlkuksa us LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/k lkefxz;ksa dk iz;ksx dj xzhu gkmlksa dks cuk;k x;kA mRiknksa dk foi.ku efgykvksa }kjk Lo;a fd;k x;kA vius ?kj dh iks"k.k vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds ckn efgyk,a LFkkuh; vFkok fledksV cktkj esa mit dks csprh gSaA blds lkFk gh cgqr ls gksVyksa vkSj Hkkstuky;ksa esa Hkh bu lfCt+;ksa dh vPNh ekax gksrh gSA I;kt] yglqu] fepkZ] VekVj] QwyxksHkh] czksdyh] [khjk] cUnxksHkh ,oa xktj dh fcØh ds ek/;e ls vkSlru ,d ifjokj dh vk; o"kZ 2015 esa 22]000-00 usikyh :i;k] o"kZ 2016 esa 26000-00 usikyh :i;k Fkk] tks o"kZ 2017 esa c<+dj 37000-00 usikyh :i;k gks x;kA orZeku esa] ;s efgyk,a foi.ku dk dke rks vdsys&vdsys djrh gSa] ijUrq budh ;kstuk gS fd vkxs pydj ;s lkewfgd :i ls foi.ku dk dk;Z djsaxhA

Hkfo"; dh ;kstuk,a

cktkj dh ekax dks iwjk djus gsrq lCt+h mRiknu dks mUur cukus ds fy, efgykvksa dh ;kstuk

dqN izHkko tSfod Ñf"k esa izf'k{k.k izkIr djus ds ckn x`gokfVdk esa [ksrh djus rFkk O;olkf;d lCth dh [ksrh ij cgqr gh ldkjkRed izHkko iM+k gSA tSfod Ñf"k ij tkx:drk esa dkQh o`f) gqbZ gSA fo'ks"kdj efgyk,a vc Lo;a Hkh tSfod [kkn dk iz;ksx dj jgh gSa vkSj vU; yksxksa dks Hkh bls viukus gsrq izksRlkfgr dj jgh gSaA lewg dh vf/kdka'k lnL;ksa dk dguk gS fd tSfod lCth dh [ksrh ij lCth mRiknu rduhd ds lkFk&lkFk xzhu gkml ,oa izlkj lsokvksa us mUgsa viuh Ñf"k iz.kkyh esa cnyko ykus esa enn dh gSA tSfod lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh vkSj foi.ku ls gqeyk ftys esa efgyk m|e lewgksa dks viuh vk; c<+kus esa rks l{ke cuk;k gh gS lkFk gh muds fy, LFkkbZ jkstxkj ds voljksa dks Hkh rS;kj fd;k gSA vk; esa o`f) gksus ls efgyk,a vius cPpksa dks Ldwy Hkstus rFkk muds fy, Ldwy dh Msªl o fdrkcsa [kjhnus esa l{ke gqbZ gSaA blds lkFk gh os izR;sd o"kZ flrEcj ekg esa iM+us okys efgykvksa ds R;kSgkj ^^rht** ds fy, yky lkM+h vkSj pwfM+;ka [kjhnus esa Hkh l{ke gqbZ gSaA gqeyk ds LFkkuh; leqnk; dk fo'okl gS fd vf/kd lfCt+;ksa dk lsou djus ds ckn ls gh muds cPps LoLFk gSaA LFkkuh; LokLF; dk;ZdrkZ dk dguk gS fd dqiksf"kr cPpksa ds izfr'kr esa rFkk LokLF; dsUnzksa ij vkus okys Mk;fj;k ds ejhtksa dh la[;k esa mYys[kuh; deh vk;h gSA

BaMs rkieku esa mxh tSfod lfCt+;ka csgn Lokfn"V ,oa iks"k.k;qDr gksus ds dkj.k usikyxat vkSj lqj[ksr esa tSfod lfCt+;ksa dh ekax c<+ jgh gSA lewg cktkj esa tSfod lfCt+;ksa dh c<+rh ekax dks iwjk djus gsrq blds mRiknu dk {ks= dks c<+kus dh ;kstuk cuk jgk gSA ;|fi gqeyk ftys dh igqap lM+d rd ugha gS vkSj izR;sd oLrq dks usikyxat vFkok lqj[ksr ls ,;jfyQ~V djuk iM+rk gSA fledksV ls izR;sd 15&20 ,;j dkxksZ lsok,a mM+ku Hkjrh gSaA ;s lsok,a gqeyk esa tSfod lCth mRiknu dks c<+kus ds fy, ,d cM+k volj iznku djrh gSaA lkekU;r% dkxksZ lsok,a eky ,oa lkefxz;ksa ds lkFk mM+ku Hkjrh gSa] vkSj usikyxat ;k lqj[ksr esa lkeku mrkjus ds ckn okil fcuk lkeku vFkok eky ds mM+ku Hkjrh gSaA bl [kkyh LykWV dk mi;ksx dj lewg mfpr ykxr esa vius tSfod lfCt+;ksa dks usikyxat ;k lqj[ksr esa Hkst ldrk gSA lewg vius tSfod lCth mRiknu dks vkSj foLrkfjr djus dh ;kstu cuk jgk gS vkSj vf/kd ls vf/kd la[;k esa efgyk,a buds lewg ls tqM+us dh bPNqd gSaA blls u dsoy tSfod lfCt+;ksa dh c<+rh ekax dks iwjk fd;k tk ldsxk] oju~ ;g Hkh mEehn dh tk jgh gS fd vxys ikap o"kksZa esa bu efgyk m|fe;ksa dh vk; esa 40&50 izfr'kr rd dh o`f) gksxhA efgyk,a tSfod lCth mRiknu m|e dks ,d cM+h lQyrk ekurh gSa vkSj vkxs bl {ks= esa nkaMQk;k xkao dks ,d izeq[k tSfod lCth mRiknu dsUnz cukus dh mudh ;kstuk gSA vkxs mudh ;g Hkh ;kstuk gS fd vkxkeh ikap o"kksZa esa muds xkao dks jlk;u eqDr xkao ds rkSj ij tkuk tk;A

çÙ×üÜæ ¥çÏ·¤æÚUè ·¤æØü·¤æÚUè çÙÎðàæ·¤ ·¤æò×Ù È¤æðÚU× È¤æÚU ÇðUßÜÂ×ð‡ÅU (âè°È¤ÇUè) ÂæðSÅU Õæ€â Ù¢} vxvyv, âéÙÏæÚUæ ·¤æÆU×æ‡ÇêU ÙðÂæÜ §ü-×ðÜ Ñnadhikari@cfd.org.np Biological Crop Management LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.2, June 2018

vc efgykvksa dh ckrsa muds ?kjksa ij lquh tkus yxh gSa lkFk gh leqnk; esa Hkh yksx mudh ckr lquus yxs gSaA dqN efgykvksa dks ,d jktuhfrd ikVhZ }kjk LFkkuh; vkSj izkarh; pqukoksa ds fy, viuk mEehnokj cuk;k x;k] ftlesa os fot;h Hkh gqbZa gSaA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

ÕãéU-©UÂØæð»è ÂæñÏæ ¿‹¼ýæ ¥æÁèçß·¤æ ·¤æ °·¤ çß·¤ËÂ Âýßè‡æ Áæðàæè vkS"k/kh; ikS/ks u dsoy LokLF; dh n`f"V ls mi;ksxh gksrs gSa] oju~ buls dbZ mi;ksxh oLrqvksa& tSls vpkj ,oa cfM+;ka cukdj vk; l`tu dk fodYi Hkh rS;kj fd;k tk ldrk gSA bu vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa ,oa tM+h&cwfV;ksa esa fgeky;h {ks=ksa esa ik;k tkus okyk ikS/kk pUnzk izeq[k LFkku j[krk gSA bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls fgeky;h ikS/kk pUnzk dh fo'ks"krkvksa ,oa mldh mi;ksfxrk ds ckjs esa lfoLrkj ppkZ djds ;g crkus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd budks lajf{kr ,oa iquthfoZr dj taxyksa vFkok igkM+ksa ij jgus okys leqnk;ksa ds fy, vkthfodk dk ,d csgrj fodYi iznku fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Qwy ds lkFk pUnzk dk ikS/kk

ns'k ls vkS"k/kh; isM+&ikS/kksa rFkk rS;kj vkS"kf/k;ksa dk fu;kZr rsth ls c<+ jgk gSA ,slk vuqeku gS fd orZeku esa fo'o Lrj ij yxHkx 8800 yk[k M‚yj dk O;kikj bl çdkj dh lkexzh dk gksrk gSA blesa Hkkjr dh Hkkxhnkjh T;knk cM+h rks ugha gS ijUrq vPNh&[kklh gSA bl O;kikj esa phu lcls vkxs gSA

dqnjr ds fn;s x;s ojnkuksa esa isM+&ikS/kksa dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSA isM+&ikS/ks ekuoh; thou pØ esa viuh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA blesa u dsoy Hkkstu laca/kh vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZZ gh gksrh cfYd tho txr ls uktqd larqyu cukus esa ;s vkxs jgrs gSa&dkcZu pØ gks ;k Hkkstuk J`a[kyk ds fijkfeM esa Hkh ;s loksZPp LFkku gh gkfly djrs gSaA budh mi;ksfxrk dks ns[krs gq, budks vusd laoxksaZ esa ckaVk x;k gSA buesa vkS"k/kh; ikS/ks u dsoy viuk vkS"k/kh; egRo j[krs gSa cfYd vk; dk Hkh ,d tfj;k cu tkrs gSaA ;gh ugha] taxyksa esa [kqn&c&[kqn mxus okys vf/kdka'k vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa ds vn~Hkqr xq.kksa ds dkj.k yksxksa }kjk bldh iwtk&vpZuk rd dh tkus yxh gS tSls rqylh] ihiy] vke] cjxn rFkk uhe bR;kfnA

fgeky;h {ks= esa çkÑfrd lalk/kuksa dk vikj Hk.Mkj gSA ;gk¡ ou lEink ls cgqvk;keh jkstxkj dh vusd laHkkouk,a l`ftr gksrh gSaSA ;gk¡ ds cgqi;ksxh o`{k] >kM+huqek ,oa 'kkdh; ikS/ks vewY; /kjksgj ds :i esa gSa] tks vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxka?kh; xq.kksa dks latks;s gq, gSa vkSj ftudk mi;ksx igkM+h ewy ds fuoklh ijEijkxr rjhds ls jkstxkj l`tu ds lk/ku ds :i esa viukrs gq, ih<+h nj ih<+h vkxs c<+k jgs gSaSA bu {ks=ksa esa ik, tkus okys ikS/ks tSls vkaoyk ,oa uhEcw vpkj&twl ds fy,] ekYVk] czkãh] fxyks; ,oa cqjkal twl ds fy,] dkQy] lsc] vkM+w] ,oa [kwckuh Qy&foØ; ds fy, dke esa yk;s tkrs gSaA jktek ,oa vkyw Hkh igkM+h {ks=ksa esa jkstxkj l`tu dk ijEijkxr

bu lcds vfrfjä vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa ls lEcfU/kr m|ksx us Hkh Hkkjr esa dkQh rjDdh dh gSA bl le; bl m|ksx dh okf"kZd c<+ksÙkjh nj yxHkx 420000 yk[k #i, dk gS vkSj vuqeku gS fd okf"kZd c<+ksÙkjh nj yxHkx 20 çfr'kr gSA m|ksx ds dqy mRiknu dk cgqr cM+k Hkkx fu;kZr gksrk gS vkSj bl çdkj ns'k dks cM+h ek=k esa fons'kh eqæk dh çkfIr gksrh gSA bu lcds ihNs dk ,d cM+k dkj.k gS fd yksx vc ;g ekurs gSa fd tM+h&cwfV;ksa ls rS;kj nokbZ;ksa ls uqdlku dh lEHkkouk cgqr de ;k ugha ds cjkcj gS rFkk bu nokvksa dh vknr ugha iM+rhA if'peh ns'kksa esa Hkh yksx ijEijkxr vkS"k/kh; ç.kkfy;ksa dh vksj okfil vk jgs gSa vkSj Hkkjr] phu] FkkbZyS.M tSls

pUnzk dk izkÑfrd vkokl

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

lk/ku gSSA ,slk gh ,d jkstxkjijd fgeky;h cgqi;ksxh ikS/ks dk uke gS ^paæk*A pUæk dk okuLifRkd uke Paeonia emodi Wall ex Rayle (ikbvks f u;k beks M h) ikbvks f u,lh (Paeoniace) dqy dk ikS/kk gS ftldh iwjs fo”o esa yxHkx 40 iztkfr;k¡ ikbZ tkrh gSA pUæk mÙkj&if”peh fgeky;h {ks=ksa esa 1800 eh0 ls 3000 eh0 rd dh Å¡pkbZ rd foLr`r :Ik esa ik;k tkrk gS tks Hkkjr ds mÙkj&if”peh {ks=] mÙkjh ikfdLrku] iwoZ vQxkfuLrku] phu vkSj if”peh usiky rd fo|eku gSA phu esa bls vyadkfjd ikS/kk (Ornamental Plant) ds :Ik esa tkuk tkrk gSA pUæk (P. emodi) Hkkjr ds mÙkjh fgeky;h {ks= dh ,d fo”ks"k iztkfr gS tks d”ehj ls ysdj mÙkjk[k.M ds ioZrh; {ks=ksa esa ikbZ tkrh gSA ;g ikS/kk mPp f”k[kjh; “khr tyok;q okys {ks=ksa ,oa ueh okys LFkkuksa ij nkseV e`nk esa ik;s tkus okys fefJr ir>M+ ou (Quercus Species ck¡t dh iztkfr;k¡) ds lkFk mxrk gSA pUæk ,d o'khZ; lh/kk] 50&70 lseh0 yEck] iÙksnkj “kkdh; (Herb) ikS/kk gS ftlesa lQsn jax ds ,dkUr (solitary) ;k d{kh; (Axilary) iq"Ik ik;s tkrs gSa tks dhVksa }kjk ijkfxr gksrs gSaA bldk thoudky izR;sd o"kZ Qjojh ls izkjEHk gksdj vxLr ekg esa lEiUu gksrk gSA “kq:vkr esa izLQqVu (Sprouting) ds le; ikS/kk Hkwjs jax dk fn[kkbZ nsrk gS ,oa ifjiDork vkus rd gjs jax esa ifjofrZr gks tkrk gSA blesa Qwy vkus dk le; vizSy ls twu rd gksrk gS vkSj ekulwu dh “kq:vkr esa Qy yxuk izkjEHk gks tkrs gSA blds Qy v.Mkdkj Qyh ds vkdkj ds gksrs gSaA ftlds vUnj dBksj cht vkoj.k (seed coat) ;qDr] dkyh fpduh vkSj pednkj ijr ds lkFk 8&12 cht gksrs gSaA

ikjEifjd vkS"k/kh; egRo pUnzk fgeky;h {ks= esa ik;k tkus okyk cgqr iqjkuk ikS/kk gS] tks fofHkUu izdkj dh 'kkjhfjd xfrfof/k;ksa] fexhZ ds nkSjku] gStk vkSj dqDdj [kkalh dh jksd&Fkke esa lgk;d gksrk gSA blds ikjEifjd vkS"k/kh; egRo dks fuEu fcUnqvksa ds rgr~ ns[k ldrs gSa &  pUæk ds ikS/ks ds rus dks lq[kkdj] ikmMj cuk;k

tkrk gS ftldk ysi cukdj gM~Mh ,ao tksM+ksa ds nnZ fuokj.k esa iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA  bldk dUn (Tuber) vR;f/kd izHkkodkjh nok ds

:Ik esa mi;ksx gksrk gS tks xHkkZ”k; dh chekfj;ksa] jDr dks lkQ djus (jDr “kks/kd)] isV nnZ] jh< dh gM~Mh esa nnZ] flj nnZ] pDdj vkuk] mYVh]

taxyks ls dkVdj yk;k x;k ikS/kk

tyksnj (Dropsy)] fexhZ vkjS mUekn ds fy, vR;f/kd iHzkkoh gSA  blds cht fojspd vkS"kf/k (Purgative) ds :Ik esa

mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA  lw[ks Qwyksa ds feJ.k ls Mk;fj;k dks fu;fU=r fd;k

tkrk gSA

paæk ls fufeZr jkstxkjijd mRikn bl ikS/ks dk u flQZ vkS"k/kh; egRo gS] oju~ blls dbZ rjg dh [kkus dh oLrq,a cukdj muls vk; l`tu dh Hkh csgrj laHkkouk,a gSaA ftUgsa ge fuEu fcUnqvksa ds vUrxZr ns[k ldrs gSa&

vpkj pUnzk ds Lokfn"V vpkj dh cktkj esa cgqr ekax gksrh gSA efgyk,a lewg ds :i esa bl ikS/ks dks ,d= dj mlls vpkj rS;kj dj vk; izkIr dj ldrh gSaA bldk vpkj cukus ds fy, taxyksa ls vadqj.k ds i'pkr NksVs Hkwjs jax ds ikS/kksa dks ,d= dj ysrs gSaA rRi'pkr~ bldh dksey ifÙk;ksa ,oa ruksa dks /kksdj] NksVs&NksVs VqdM+ksa esa dkVdj mckyk tkrk gS rkfd ;g eqyk;e gks tk;s vkSj blds vanj dk dM+okiu nwj gks tk;sA rRi'pkr bls 2&3 ?kaVs rd /kwi esa lq[kkus ds fy, j[k fn;k tkrk gS ftlls blds vUnj ikuh ,oa ueh dh ek=k de ls de jgsA iqu% vpkj cukus gsrq rsy ds lkFk NkSad yxkdj mlesa dVs gq, VqdM+ksa dks Mky dj Hkwu ysrs gSa fQj mlesa vpkj dk elkyk ,oa ued Mkydj vPNh rjg ls feykrs gSaA mRikn yEcs le; rd [kjkc uk gks blds fy, ifjj{kd ¼Preservative½ dk bLrseky Hkh dj ldrs gSaA fufeZr vpkj ds 500 xzke ;k 1000 xzke ds fMCckcan iSd fd;s tkrs gSa ftldh cktkj fcØh ewY; vkSlru 300 #i;s çfr fdyksxzke rd gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~ 15

NksVs VqdM+ksa esa dkVus dh izfdz;k ,oa lq[kkuk

vkx esa mckyuk

vpkj dk ikSf"Vd egRo fufeZr vpkj ikSf"Vdrk dh f"V ls dkQh vge~ gSA blesa çeq[k rRoksa ds lkFk foVkfeu] dkcksZgkbMªsV] vkfn ekStwn gksrs gSaA Mk;fcVht ls xzflr jksfx;ksa ds fy, ;g mRikn lathouh dk dk;Z djrk gSA fufeZr mRikn esa iks"kd rRoksa dh ek=k fuEuor gS&       

foVkfeu , ¼feyhxzke@100 xzke½ 58-31±0-11 foVkfeu lh ¼feyhxzke@100 xzke½ 160-50±1-85 foVkfeu bZ ¼feyhxzke@xzke½ 0-49±0-007 çksVhu ¼feyhxzke@100 xzke½ 310-06±0-47 dkcksZgkbMªsV ¼feyhxzke@xzke½ 0-353±0-02 fefFk;ksfuu ¼feyhxzke@xzke½ 36-13±0-04 çksykbu ¼ekbdzkseksy@xzke½ 1-04±0-07 ¼lkzrs& xkfsoUn cYyHk ira jk"Vhª; fgeky;h i;koZj.k ,oa lrr fodkl laLFkku] Jhuxj x<+oky mÙkjk[kaM½

bldh gjh dksey ifÙk;ksa ,oa rukas dks nky ds lkFk ihldj lw[kh cfM+;k¡ rS;kj dh tkrh gSa tks lCth ,oa jk;rk cukus ds fy, bLrseky gksrh gSaA ifÙk;ksa ,oa ruksa dks mckyus ds ckn fudys fupksM+ dks cksryksa esa Hkjdj lqjf{kr j[k ysrs gSaA ;g fupksM+@jl Mk;fcVht ds jksfx;ksa] isV lEcU/kh chekfj;ksa vkSj xehZ dks nwj djus gsrq bLrseky esa yk;k tkrk gSA

izlkj ,oa rduhdh lg;ksx pUæk ds ikS/ks ls fufeZr mRiknksa dh c<+rh ekax dks ns[krs gq, Jhuxj ,oa x<+oky esa fdlku bldh [ksrh djus gsrq izksRlkfgr gks jgs gSaA bldh mi;ksfxrk ,oa egRo dks ns[krs gq, Jhuxj] x<+oky] mRrjk[k.M dh ,d laLFkk ^^xksfoUn cYyHk iar jk"Vªh; fgeky;h i;kZoj.k ,oa lrr fodkl laLFkku** LFkkuh; leqnk; ds chp dke dj jgh gSA vk; l`tu dh n`f"V ls blls ewY; loaf/kZr mRiknksa dks rS;kj djus rFkk Lojkstxkj gsrq ;g laLFkku dsnkjukFk ?kkVh ds f=;qxhukjk;.k esa fLFkr viuh çf'k{k.k bdkbZ esa ^oU; [kk|ksa ,oa Ñf"k mRiknksa dk

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

mcys inkFkZ dks fu[kkjuk ,oa lq[kkuk

ewY; lao/kZu ifj;kstuk* ds varxZr LFkkuh; leqnk; dks izf'kf{kr djus dk dke dj jgh gSA bu izf'k{k.k l=ksa ls ykHk mBkdj 25&30 yksxksa us viuk Lo;a dk jkstxkj 'kq: fd;k gS] ftlesa ;ksxs'k tks'kh] rktHkj fc"V] 'kkfUr cMksuh vkfn izeq[k gSa] ftUgksaus paæk ds ikS/ks ls vpkj fuekZ.k dh çfØ;k lh[kdj bls vkthfodk lq/kkj ds :i esa viuk;k gSA

fu"d"kZ vkS"k/kh; isM+&ikS/kksa dk c<+rk mi;ksx rFkk O;kikj ns'k dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr ds fy, ykHknk;d gS ijUrq bl dkj.k ,d leL;k mRiUu gqbZ gS fd vusd çdkj ds vkS"k/kh; isM+&ikS/ks foyqIrkoLFkk esa igq¡p x, gSaA bl le; ns'k esa ftrus vkS"k/kh; isM+&ikS/kksa dk mi;ksx gksrk gS mlesa ls yxHkx 90 ls 95 çfr'kr ouksa ls çkIr gksrk gSA cgqr de ek=k gS tks [ksrh ls vkrh gSA tgk¡ rd ouksa dk lEcU/k gS rks Lo;a ouksa dk {ks=Qy le; ds lkFk ns'k esa de gqvk gSA bl le; ns'k esa yxHkx 19 çfr'kr {ks= esa ou gSa vkSj blesa Hkh dkQh cM+k Hkkx gS tks vPNh gkyr esa ugha gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa tc ge pUnzk tSls vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa ds O;kikfjd mi;ksx dh ckr djrs gSa vkSj bls leqnk; ds fy, vkthfodk ds fodYi ds rkSj ij izLrqr djrs gSa rks ;g vko';d gks tkrk gS fd pUnzk tSls izkÑfrd vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa dh [ksrh dks c<+kok nsdj vkthfodk lao/kZu dh fn'kk esa egRoiw.kZ iz;kl fd;s tk;sA

ÂýßèÙ Áæðàæè °ß¢ ÇUæò Âýð× Âý·¤æàæ çßÖæ»æŠØÿæ- ßÙSÂçÌ çß™ææÙ ÚUæÁ·¤èØ SÙæÌ·¤æðžæÚU ×ãUæçßlæÜØ mæÚUæãUæÅU, ¥Ë×æðÇ¸Uæ, ©UžæÚUæ¹‡ÇU w{x{zx, ×æðÕæ§üÜ Ù¢® Ñ07830032944, 9412036076 §ü-×ðÜ Ñpraveenjoshipj88@gmail.com

dkalyksfy;k esa ,Qihlh ds ek/;e ls ewaxQyh foi.ku ls ykHkkfUor gksrs thou HkkbZ tSls fdlku

âæ×êçãU·¤Ìæ ·¤è àæç€Ì ÁâÕèÚU â¢Ïê ß ÚUæÁðàæ àæ×æü ewY; J`a[kyk ds ,d lekos'kh] fVdkÅ vkSj ekiuh; ekWMy ds lkFk xqtjkr ds fdlkuksa us lkewfgdrk dh 'kfDr dk vuqHko djus gsrq ,d yEck lQj r; fd;k gSA cktkj esa izR;{k rkSj ij viuh txg cukus ds dkj.k fdlkuksa us eksy&Hkko djus dh {kerk dks fodflr dj vU; LFkkfir nqdkunkjksa dh rqyuk esa viuh fLFkfr dks csgrj cuk;k gSA dkalyksfy;k xqtjkr ds jktdksV ftys esa fLFkr tlnku rkyqd dk ,d xzke iapk;r gSA ;g ,d dksyh iVsy cgqy xkao gSa] tgka ij fuokl djus okys lHkh 372 ifjokjksa dh vkthfodk eq[; :i ls Ñf"k vk/kkfjr gSA 'kq"d Hkwfe gksus ls] de o"kkZ vFkok lw[kk dh fLFkfr cuus ij ty ladV mRiUu gksrk gS] ftlls ;gka ds Ñf"kxr mRiknu ij xaHkhj nq"izHkko iM+rk gSA blds vykos] {ks= esa ty lap;u lajpukvksa dh th.kZ&'kh.kZ voLFkk bl fLFkfr dks vkSj xaHkhj cukrh gS] ftlls tehu ds vUnj ty dk iquHkZj.k gq, fcuk e`nk dh Åijh ijr cg tkrh gSA xkao ds fy, ikuh dk ,d ek= lzksr ueZnk ls fudyk ikbi ykbu gS] tks yksxksa dh vko';drkvksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, i;kZIr ugha gksrk gSA Ñf"kxr mRiknu de gksus

ls bldk izHkko i'kqikyu ij Hkh iM+rk gS vkSj leqnk; ds lkeus thou&;kiu djus gsrq nSfud etnwjh dh ryk'k eas ekl S eh iyk;u ds vykok vkjS dkbsZ fodYi ugha gkrsk gAS fdlku laxBuksa ds ek/;e ls lekos'kh ,oa LFkkbZ fodkl esa fo'okl djus okys fjyk;Ul Qkm.Ms'ku us o"kZ 2013 ls xkao esa dke djuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA izkjEHk] esa fo"k; ij le> cukus ds nkSjku mUgksaus eglwl fd;k fd ljiapksa dh rjQ ls cgqr ls izfrjks/k mRiUu fd;s tkrs gSa] tks fdlh Hkh fodklkRed ppkZvksa ls okLrfod t:jreUnksa dh nwjh dks c<+krs gSaA leqnk; ds yksxksa fo'ks"kdj xjhc ,oa lhekUr oxksZa rd igqap cukus ds fy, ?kj&?kj tkdj mRizsfjr djrs gq, fodkl ds fy, LFkkbZ iz;kl fd;s x;sA vUrr% iz;kl lQy gqvk vkSj yksx viuh vko';drkvksa vkSj Hkwfedkvksa ij ppkZ djus ds fy, ,d lkFk vkuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA fnlEcj 2013 esa xkao okyksa us Lo;a gh dkalyksfy;k xzke fodkl e.My ds uke ls Lo;a dks laxfBr fd;kA

ikuh fodkl dk vk/kkj xzke la?k ds lnL;ksa dh izkjfEHkd ppkZ esa ;g Li"V gqvk fd Ñf"k m|ksx dks lQy cukus ds fy, Ñf"k vkSj ?kjsyw mi;ksx nksuksa esa ty dh miyC/krk egRoiw.kZ gSA ppkZ ds mijkUr o"kkZ ty laxzg.k ,oa laj{k.k gsrq o"kZ 2014 esa ^^cqVk xyk** uke ls feV~Vh ds ,d cka/k dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;kA bl cka/k ds fuekZ.k esa xzke la?k ds lnL;ksa us uxn ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~ 17

vkSj Je ds :i esa va'knku fn;kA ,d o"kZ ds vUnj gh blds ifj.kke Hkh fn[kus yxsA cwVk xyk esa 90000 D;wfcd ehVj ikuh dk lap;u gqvk] ftlls HkwxHkZ tyLrj c<+us ls 14 dqvksa ij izR;{k izHkko iM+kA bl lafpr ty ls jch _rq esa 14 gsDVs;j [ksr dh flapkbZ djus esa lgk;rk feyhA ^^cwVk xyk** ds fuekZ.k esa fu;kstu ls fØ;kUo;u rd ds izR;sd pj.k esa leqnk; }kjk lgHkkxh rjhds ls dk;Z djus ds dkj.k leqnk; ds vUnj vkRefo'okl dh Hkkouk cyorh gqbZ vkSj dkalyksfy;k dks cnyus esa ;g ,d mnkgj.k ds :i esa izLrqr gqvkA lkFk gh ty laxzg.k gsrq vusd <kapksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k x;k vkSj dqN [kjkc <kaapksa adh ejEer Hkh dh x;hA

le`) Fkkyh [ksrh ds fy, egRoiw.kZ fuos'k ty dh fujUrj miyC/krk ds fy, fd;s x;s iz;kl lQyhHkwr gksus ds ckn tehu dh ewyHkwr mRikndrk dks mUur cukus ds fy, lHkh izdkj ds iz;kl fd;s x;sA bl fn'kk esa esM+cUnh] fefJr [ksrh] rkykc dh xkn dk iz;ksx] Qly vif'k"Vksa ls rS;kj dkalyksfy;k ds ,d fdlku thouHkkbZ dh lQyrk dikl dh [ksrh djus okys ,d y?kq fdlku cw<+s thou HkkbZ us ;g lkspk Hkh ugha Fkk fd dHkh thou esa os vius [ksr ls nwljh Qly ys ldsaxsA mUgksaus viuh iwjh ftUnxh dikl dh ,dy o de mRiknu okyh Qly ysus esa fcrk nhA lkjh ftUnxh mUgksaus vius 20 ch?kk [ksr esa dsoy dikl dh [ksrh dh vkSj 7 dq0 dikl ls mUgsa :0 45]000@& dh vkenuh gksrh jghA os vius nks iq=ksa ds lkFk nSfud etnwjh dh ryk'k djus gsrq 4&6 eghus vU; 'kgjksa dks iyk;u Hkh djrs gSaA mUgksaus xzke la?k dh lgk;rk ls vius 15 ch?kk [ksr dh esM+cUnh dj xgjh tqrkbZ dh vkSj jlk;fud [kkn ds cnys ?kj ij vif'k"V inkFkksaZ ls rS;kj [kkn ,oa oehZ dEiksLV dk mi;ksx fd;kA blds lkFk gh mUgksaus flapkbZ dh cwan i)fr dks viuk;k ,oa i'kqikyu djus yxsA mUgksaus vUr% [ksrh djuk izkjEHk fd;k vkSj ,dhÑr dhV izcU/ku vH;klksa dks viuk;k] ftlls ckgjh fuos'kksa ij mudh fuHkZjrk ?kVh vkSj os tyok;q ifjorZu ls fuiVus esa l{ke gq,A flapkbZ dh lqfuf'prrk gks tkus rFkk csgrj e`nk LokLF; ds dkj.k os dikl ds ctk; ewaxQyh dh [ksrh djus esa l{ke gq,A [kjhQ esa ewaxQyh ds lkFk ewax o ÅnZ dh fefJr [ksrh dj mUgksaus vius esa Qly fofo/krk dks viuk;kA igyh ckj mUgksaus jch esa puk vkSj thjk dh fefJr [ksrh dhA ewaxQyh ls mUgsa 25 dqUry mRiknu izkIr gqvk] tks muds fy, fdlh vk'p;Z ls de ugha FkkA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, ÁêÙ w®v~

Qly i)fxQyr esa ewah dks 'kkfey djus ls pkjk dh miyC/krk Hkh c<+h

[kkn vkfn xfrfof/k;ksa dks leqnk; }kjk viuk;k x;kA /khjs&/khjs dikl dh ,dy [ksrh ds ctk; cgqQlyh [ksrh i)fr dh rjQ mudk :>ku c<+rk x;kA foxr o"kksZa dh rqyuk esa] ewaxQyh dh [ksrh esa tcjnLr mNky vk;k vkSj mldk Ñf"kr {ks=Qy 30 izfr'kr c<+ x;k] tcfd dikl dh Qly esa gzkl gksdj ek= 5 izfr'kr mRiknu gqvkA ewaxQyh dh [ksrh ls tkuojksa ds fy, pkjk dh miyC/krk gksus ds dkj.k {ks= esa nqX/k O;olk; Qyus&Qwyus yxk gS] tks ,d vfrfjDr ykHk gSA {ks= esa nq/kk: tkuojksa dh xq.koÙkk ,oa la[;k esa Hkkjh mNky vk;k gSA nw/k cspus ls ,d rjQ rks yksxksa dh vkenuh dk ,d vfrfjDr lzksr rS;kj gqvk gS rks ogh nwljh rjQ xkao dh lkekftd lajpuk esa cnyko vk;k gSA jch _rq esa flapkbZ dh O;oLFkk lqfuf'pr gks tkus ds dkj.k fdlkj vc nks Qlysa ysus yxs gSa] ftlls iyk;u ?kVk gSA dkalyksfy;k ds 1600 ls vf/kd fdlku vkSj 16 ls vf/kd vkl&ikl ds xkao vc vius mRiknksa dks cktkj esa csgrj ewY; ij cspus gsrq jkLrs ryk'k dj jgs gSaA ewaxQyh ds tksjnkj mRiknu ds ckjs esa lHkh us yxHkx ,d tSlh fny dks Nw ysus okyh dgkfu;kas dks lk>k fd;kA fQj Hkh] vius mRikn dk csgrj o okftc nke izkIr djus dh pqukSrh lHkh ds fy, leku FkhA os vius mRikn dks fcpkSfy;ksa dks csp jgs Fks] tks [kjkc xq.koÙkk dk gokyk nsdj muds mRikn dk ewY; de ls de yxkrs FksA fdlkuksa ds ikl nks gh fodYi Fks& ;k rks os vius mRiknksa dks de ls de nke ij fcpkSfy;ksa dks csp nsrs ;k fQj ,ih,elh rd vius mRikn dks ys tkus gsrq vR;f/kd ifjogu ykxr O;; djrsA ;gka Hkh mRiknksa dh oLrqvksa dk ckn esa O;kikj djus ds Kku us fdlkuksa dks csgrj ewY; olwyh ds fy, vk/kqfud cktkjksa dk mi;ksx djus esa lgk;rk iznku dh gSA