LEISA India Tamil - March 2020 by LEISA India

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yP r h ,e; j pah jkpo; rpwg;gpjo; This issue in Tamil is a translated version of LEISA India magazine. This includes selected articles from LEISA India, originally published in English. Address : ame Foundation No. 204, 100 Feet Ring Road, 3rd Phase, Banashankari 2nd Block, 3rd Stage, Bangalore - 560 085, India Tel:

+91-080- 2669 9512, +91-080- 2669 9522

Fax:

+91-080- 2669 9410

E-mail: leisaindia@yahoo.co.in

Leisa India Chief Editor : K.V.S. Prasad Managing Editor : T.M. Radha

yPrh vd;gJ Fiwe;j ntspapL nghUs; kw;Wk; epiyj;j Ntshz;ik vd;gjd; RUf;fkhFk;. Rw;Wr;RoYf;F cfe;j topfspy; cw;gj;jpiaAk;> tUkhdj;ijAk; ngUf;f tpUk;Gk; coth;fSf;F njhopw;El;g kw;Wk; r%f hPjpapyhd tha;g;Gfis cs;slf;fpajhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ cs;@h; ts Mjhuq;fs; kw;Wk; ,aw;ifapd; Nghf;Ffis msTld; gad;gLj;jp Njitg;gLk; NghJ ghJfhg;ghd msT ntspaPL nghUl;fis jpwd;gl ifahs;tjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ Mz; kw;Wk; ngz; coth;fis> me;j r%fj;ij Ragyk; kpf;fth;fshfTk;> rf;jp kpf;fth;fshfTk; khw;wp mjd;%yk; mth;fspd; vjph;fhyj;ij jq;fs; nrhe;j mwpT> jpwik>kjpg;gL P > fyhr;rhuk; kw;Wk; mikg;Gfis mikf;f cjTtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ khwptUk; #oy;fs; kw;Wk; NjitfSf;F Vw;g coth;fs; kw;Wk; ,ju gq;Fjhuh;fspd; jpwikfs;> gq;Nfw;G mZFKiwfs; %yk; gyg;gLj;JtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ ghuk;ghpa mwpitAk;> mwptpay; g+h;tkhd mwpitAk; ,izj;J mjd;%yk; nfhs;if cUthf;fj;jpy; jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jp vjph;fhy tsh;r;rpf;F rhjfkhd #oiy cUthf;FtjhFk;. yPrh vd;gJ xU fUj;J> xU mZFKiw kw;Wk; tpNtfkhd nra;jp.

Translated by N. Lalitha Sakthivel Translation coordination Veena Markande Administration Rukmini G. G. Design and Layout M.S. Vasanth Christopher Printing Blustream Printing India (P) Ltd., Bangalore Cover photo Raising tree saplings has generated lot of employment for women Photo Credit: Grow-Trees Different editions • Regional Editions Telugu, Hindi, Kannada, Marathi, Punjabi and Oriya • Farming Matters The Global edition in English • LEISA Revista de Agroecologia The Latin American edition in Spanish • LEISA India The Indian edition in English • AGRIDAPE The West African edition in French • Agriculturas, Experiencias em Agroecologia The Brazilian edition in Portuguese The editors have taken every care to ensure that the contents of this magazine are as accurate as possible. The authors have ultimate responsibility, however, for the content of individual articles. The editors encourage readers to photocopy and circulate magazine articles.

Supported by MISEREOR, Published by AME Foundation yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

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kj;jpa F[uhj;> gpfhh;

kz;zpy; nthz;lh;iyg; - [p gad;gLj;jp 94% fl;Lf;Fs; te;Js;sJ> NkYk; 22% kf#y; mjpfhpj;Js;sJ. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

Ntshz; caph; ,LnghUs; - jdprpwg;G nfhz;l tpisnghUl;fs; G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs; fl;Lg;ghL Ez;Zaph; ,aw;ifg; G+r;rpnfhy;ypfs; (l;iuNfhnlh;kh> Ngrpy;y]; gpNthpah> Ngrpy;y]; JhpQ;n[dprp]; . Nghd;wit) ,iy fiury;fs; kw;Wk; Nrh;f;if (v.fh. Ntk;G> fhuQ;)

tsh;r;rp Cf;fpfs; igNahiyg; #g;gh; igNahiyg; mkpNdh mkpyk; Ez;rj;Jf;fs; fly;ghrp fiury; tsh;r;rp Cf;fpfs;

caph;cuk; Ntshz; fopTfs; kf;Ffs; Cw;wNkw;wpa caph;kf;F

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gaph; fopTfspypUe;J jahhpf;Fk; caph;kf;Fcuk;

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

tpisnghUl;fs;; gz;iz nray;Kiw tpsf;fk; %yk; vLf;fg;gl;lJ. Cl;lNkw;wpa caph; cuk;> caph; G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfs;> caph; kf;F cuk; Nghd;w Fwpg;gpl;l nghUl;fs; <LgLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. gaph; cw;gj;jp mjpfhpg;gJk;> Ntshz; ,urhad cuq;fspd; ,LnghUs; nryT Fiwe;jJk; ,e;j Gs;sp tptuq;fs; njspthf fhl;LfpwJ. ,e;j khjphp jpl;lj;ij tptrhapfis gpd;gw;wr; nra;J> mjd; % yk; ,LnghUs; nryT Fiwf; F k; mNjNeuj;jpy; cw;gj;jpAk; mjpfhpf;Fk;. ,aw;if rhh;e;j ,LnghUl;fs; %yk; ,tw;iw nra;tJ> epiyj; j Ntshz; i k njhopy; E l; g j; j pd; Kf;fpa rhjfkhFk;. ,e;j khjphpia tpsf;Fk;NghJ> rpy Fwpg;gpl;l caph;nghUl;fspd; Gs; s ptptuq; f spd; %yk; njspTgLj; j paJ. jukhd tpdpNahf];juplkpUe;J ngUk; rhpahd Nrh; f ; i f cuj; i j gad; g Lj; j yhk; . jukhd Ez; Z aph; Mjhuj; i j itj; J gz; i z fopTfs; > njhO cuk; Nghd; w tw; w pypUe; J > tptrhapfs; jq;fSila nrhe;j caph; kf;F cuj;ij jahhpf;fyhk;.

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mrNlhghf;lh;> mNrh];ighpy;yk;> NlhUNyh]; N ghuhf; N shNghrh> Ngrpy; y ]; nfhahFyd;]>; nry;YNyhnkhdh]; rpw;wdq;fs;> g;@Nuhl;l]; rpw;wdq;fs; Nghd;wit cs;slf;fpa gy;NtW Nrh;f;if nfhz;l Ez;Zaph; Mjhuj;ij tsh;j;J> nray; tpsf;fk; nra;J> epiyj;j Kiwapy; kf#iy tphptiltjw;F gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. jior;rj;J> kzpr;rj;J fiury;> jhtu tsh;r;rpia tphpTg;gLj;Jjy;> NkYk; vjph; G+Q;rhz nray;ghL Mfpatw;iw mjpfhpg;gjw;F Ntshz; fopTfspy; Ez;Zaph; Mjhuj; i j ,LtJ> Kf; f pa nray; g hlhf ,Uf;fpwJ. caph; ,LnghUl;fs;> Fiwe;j nryT> tptrha ez;gdhfTk;> Rw;Wr;#oypd; ez;gdhfTk;> epiyj;j Ntshz;ikapd; tug;gpurhjkhfTk; jpfo; f pwJ. gy; N tW #o; e piyfshd gP f hh; > uh[]; j hd; > jkpo; e hL> fr; - F[uhj; Nghd; w ,lq;fspy;> Kd;gpUe;j ek;gpf;iff;F vjpuhf> mjpf cw;gj;jpj;jpwd; fhzKbfpwJ . gpur;rid Vw; g Lk; jUthapYk; > rpW FW tptrhapfs; tpiuthf ,e; j g; Gjpa njhopy; E l; g j; i j gpd; g w; W tjd; %yk; cWjpg; g Lj; J fpwJ. KOikahd jz;zhP ; ghrd ,y;yhj tay;fspy;> Rw;Wr;#oypd; ez;gdhfTk;> rpwg;ghf nryTfis fl;Lg;gLj;jTk; ,e;j khjphpfs; cUthfptUfpwJ.  M H Mehta Chairman – Working Group on Eco Agriculture – ICFA – New Delhi Ex. Vice Chancellor – Gujarat Agricultural University The Science Ashram / Gujarat Life Sciences – Vadodara (Gujarat) E-mail: chairman@glsbiotech.com www.glsbiotech.com %yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah> [_d; 2018> thy;a+k; 20> ,jo; 2

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhop tsh;gG ; goq;Fbapd ntw;wpf;fijapd; Muk;gk; fz;zh Nf. rphpg;Gug;G> mdPjh fDf;NfhyD> rg;arr;rp jh]; kw;Wk; re;juNrfh; epNkdp ehl;L ,ufq;fis itj;J nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhop tsh;g;G> Viof; FLk;gq;fis Nkk;gLj;j Rygkhf ,Uf;Fk;> Mgj;J ,y;yhj> rpwe;j tUkhdk; ngwf;$ba njhopyhFk;. ,e;jj; njhopy; fpuhk tWikia Nghf;fTk;> rj;Jf; FiwghL gpur;ridia xopf;fTk;> Ntiy tha;g;Gfis mjpfhpf;Fk; jpwd; nfhz;lJ. ntspg;Gw cjtp rpwpasNt ngw;W> rpwpa gz;izj; njhopy; Jtq;fpajd; %yk; Me;jpu gpuNjrj;jpd; goq;Fbapd r%fq;fs;> MNuhf;fpak; kw;Wk; tho;thjhuq;fis cah;j;j KbAk; vd;W fhl;bAs;sdh;. ghuk;ghpakhf> nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhoptsh;g;G> ehl; b y; fpilf; F k; khkprk; kw; W k; Kl; i l cw;gj;jpapy; 70 rjtpfpjk;> gy;NtW rPNjh\z epiy kw;Wk; cs;@h; #o;epiyfSf;F Vw;w ehl; L ,ufq; f is cs; s lf; ; f papUf; F k; . fle; j Kg; g J tUlq; f spy; > ,e; j pahtpy; Nfhop tsh;g;G nfhy;iyg;Gw tsh;g;gpypUe;J KOikahd tpahghu cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; mstpw;F tsh;e;Js;sJ. cyfstpy;> gutyhf> Ntfkhf tsh;e;JtUk; njhopypy; xd;whf etPd Nfhop tsh;g;G jpfo;fpwJ. vdpDk;> ,jpy; ngUksT tpahghu Nehf; f j; j py; fyg; g pd ,ufq; f Ns <LgLj; j g; g LfpwJ. KOikahd tpahghu

Nehf; f j; N jhL nghpastpy; Nfhop cw; g j; j p mjpfhpf; f nra; J ehl; b d; khkprk; kw; W k; Kl;il Rygkhf fpilf;fr; nra;jhYk;> ,J kpf Nkhrkhd MNuhf;fpa kw;Wk; Rw;Wr;#oy; ghjpg;Gfis Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.

nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhop tsh;g;Gj; jpl;lk; rpwpasNt mike; j > ngUk; g hYk; Rygkhd nfhy; i yg; G w Nfhop tsh; g ; G > ,d; D k; ,e; j pahtpy; fhy; e il cw; g j; j p Kiwapy; gutyhf ,Ue; J tUfpwJ. nfhy; i yg; G w Nfhop tsh;g;G mjpfj;jpwd; nfhz;ljhFk;> Fwpg;ghf rpW> FW tptrhapfSf;F tUkhdk;

nfhy;iyGw Nfhop tsh;g;G Rygkhf Nkk;gLj;jTk;> ey;y tUkhdk; fpilf;fpwJ

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

nfhy;iyg;Gwj;jpy; goq;Fbapd ngz; Nfhopfis Nkk;gLj;Jfpwhh;

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yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

&. 30000 KjyPL nra;j> mNjNtisapy; &. 96>500 ,dg;ngUf;f gz;izia Jtf;Ftjw;F jpl;lk; rhh;ghf cjtpaspf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;jj; njhifia $lhuk; > Ntyp> jz; z P h ; kw; W k; jPtdk; itf;Fk; Ftisfs;> FQ;Rfs; thq; F tjw; F k; > xU tUlj; j pw; f hd jP t dk; Nghd;w cs;fl;likg;G trjpfSf;fhf gad;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. ,e;j Kiwia 2016 Mk; Mz;L ,uz;lhk; ghfj;jpy; Jtf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;j Kiwia KOikahf Kbg;gjw;F MW khjq;fs; Mapd. nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhop tsh;g;G ,dg;ngUf;f gz;izia> 60 FQ;Rfs; itj;J Nk 2017 Kjy; nray;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhop tsh;g;G ,dg; n gUf; f g; g z; i z> nrhe; j FQ; R fis cw; g j; ; j p nra; J cs; @ hpNyNa tpdpNahfk; nra;Ak; mstpw;F epiyikia khw;wpaJ. jpU. nfhlh mth;fs; ,Jtiu 480 xU khj FQ;Rfis 86 nghJ Mh;tf; FO cWg;gpdh;fSf;F > xU FQ;R &.80 vd;w tpfpjj;jpy; tpw;whh;. xt;nthU FLk; g j; j pYk; Fiwe; j J 5-10 FQ; R fs; nfhy;iyg;Gwj;jpy; tsh;f;fg;gLfpwJ. nghJ Mh;tf; FO cWg;gpdh;fisAk; jhz;b > cs;@h; re;ijfspy; ehl;Lf; Nfhopfs; tpw;fg;gl;lJ. Rkhh; 45 fUk; FQ;Rfs; kw;Wk; 11 Nfhopfs; tpw;wjpy;> &.11>650 tUkhdk; fpilj;jJ. kpf Fiwthd thbf;ifahsh;fSf;Nf Kl;ilfs; tpw;gid nra; a g; g l; l J> Vnddpy; Kl; i l tpw; g id nra;tij tpl FQ;Rfshf tpw;gid nra;tjw;Nf Kd;Dhpik mspj;jhh;> jpU. nfhlh mth;fs;. 2017 Mk; Mz; L jpU. nfhlhtpd; FLk; g tUkhdkhf> ,dg;ngUf;fg;gz;izapypUe;J Rkhh; 65% <l;Lfpwhh;.

MNuhf;fpa ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; ,ju NritfSf;fhd trjp fpuhkj;jpypUe;J 15fp.kP J}uj;jpy; gNlU vd;w ,lj;jpy;jhd; muR fhy;eil kUj;Jtkid cs;sJ> ,J cs;@h; r%fq;fSf;F MNuhf;fpa Nrit ngWtjpy; rpukkhf ,Ue; j J. ,e; j gpur; r idia vjph; n fhs; s > cs; @ h; cg fhy; e il kUj; J th; f Sf; F jpl; l k; %yk; gapw; r paspf; f g; g l; l J. Njh; T nra; a g; g l; l cWg; g pdh; f s; Fwpg; g hf> ngz; f s; Nfhop kw; W k; ,ju fhy; e ilfspd; MNuhf; f pa ghJfhg;G nra;Kiwfs; Fwpj;J 2-3 ehl;fs; gapw;rpaspf;fg;gl;lJ. cs;@h; fhy;eil kUj;Jtj;jpypUe;J> fhy;eil kUj;Jth;fSk;> Kd;ndLj;J nry;Yk; Kfik kw; W k; thrd; mikg; g pd; mYtyh; f Sk; >

MNuhf;fpa ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; rpwe;j Nkyhz;ik njhopy; E l; g q; f s; Fwpj; J jfty; kw; W k; mwpT Nritfs; yah kw;Wk; thrd; mikg;G cjtp GhpfpwJ. $Ljyhf> xNu Nehf; f k; nfhz;l jdpegh;fs;> ez;gh;fs; mlq;fpa r%f mikg;Gfs; cWg;gpdh;fSf;F jfty; mspf;Fk; kw;nwhU Mjhukhf jpfo;fpwJ.

jhf;fq;fs;

jpl;lf; FOtplkpUe;J ngz; xUth; Nfhop FQ;Rfis ngWfpd;whh;

cg kUj; J th; f is cUthf; F k; gapw; r papd; MjhukhfTk; jpfo;fpd;wdh;. gapw; r p ngw; w cg kUj; J th; f s; fhy; e il MNuhf;fpa Nritfis r%fq;fSf;F toq;fpdh;. 100 FLk;gq;fSf;F 2 cg kUj;Jth;fspd; Nrit toq;fg;gl;lJ. cg kUj; J thpd; Nritf; F &.2 fl; l zk; nrYj;Jtjhy;> cs;@h; kf;fSf;F Ntiytha;gG ; cUthf; f g; g LfpwJ. nghJ Mh; t f; FO cWg;gpdh;fspd; gwitfs; xt;nthd;iwAk;> Neha; my; y J njhw; i w ghpNrhjpg; g jw; F > nrYj; j g; g l; l Kd; g zj; j pypUe; J &.2 gpbf;fg;gLfpwJ. nghJ Mh;tf; FO cWg;gpdh;> kPjKs;s njhif jPUk;NghJ> Fiwe;j njhifia kP z ; L k; nrYj; j p rkd; nra; a Ntz;Lk;. cg kUj;Jth;fs; Vw;ghL nra;jJ Kjy;> MNuhf;fpa ghJfhg;G njhopy;El;gq;fs; gpd;gw;WtJ mjpfhpj;jjhy;> Nfhopfspd; ,wg;G tpfpjk; Fiwe;Js;sJ.

fpuhkj; j py; cs; s midj; J FLk; g q; f Sk; nfhy;iyg;Gw Nfhop tsh;g;gjhy;> ghuk;ghpa fyhr;rhukhd ehl;Lf; Nfhop tsh;g;G nglnfhlhgs;sp fpuhkj;jpy; caph;ngw;W tUfpwJ. jw;NghJ njhlh;rr ; pahfNt nfhy;iyg;Gwj;jpy; fpilf;Fk; Kl;ilfs; kw;Wk; khkprk; cw;gj;jp nra;J cs;@h; r%fq;fs; cz;z KbfpwJ. njhopy; hPjpahf tsh;f;fg;gLk; Nfhopfisf; fhl;bYk;> jq;fs; nfhy;iyg;Gwj;jpy; cw;gj;jp nra;Ak; Nfhopfs; kw;Wk; Kl;ilfs; MNuhf;fpakhdit> vdNt> FLk;gj;jpy; rpwe;j MNuhf;fpak; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. ,dg;ngUf;f gz;iz Jtf;fpajhy;> FLk;gq;fSf;F FQ;Rfs; Rygkhf fpilg;gJ kl; L kpy; y hky; > FQ; R fs; kw; W k; Nfhopfs; tpw;gjd; %yk; njhopyhsh;fs; nfsutkhd tho;f;ifia tho;fpd;wdh;. Nfhopapd; vr; r q; f s; kWRow; r p nra; J gaph; f Sf; F cukhf ,Lfpd; w dh; . ,jdhy; kz; z pd; tsKk; tphptilfpwJ. nglnfhlhgs; s p fpuhkj; j py; ehl; L f; Nfhop tsh; g ; G kP z ; L k; cWjpgLj;jpAs;sJ.  Aneetha Kanukolanu WASSAN, #12-13-452,Street No 1,Tarnaka, Secunderabad - 500017 E-mail: aneethak@wassan.org

%yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2018> thy;a+k; 20> ,jo; 3

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

caph; cuq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp myhjpG+h; fpuhkj;jpd; tptrhapfs; fha;fwp rhFgbia nra;fpd;wdh;

,aw;if Kiwapy; kz; tsj;ij mjpfhpf;Fk; xbrh tptrhapfs; Ra cgNahfj;jpw;fhf fha;fwpfs;> caph; cuq;fis gad;gLj;jp Jtf;fj;jpy; tsh;j;j xbrh khepyj;jpy; cs;s myhjpg;G+h; fpuhkj;ij Nrh;e;j gy tptrhapfs;> re;ijapy; tpw;gjw;fhf ,aw;if Kiwapy; fha;fwpfis rhFgb nra;Ak; epiyf;F khwpAs;sdh;. Rw;Wr;#oy; kw;Wk; cztpy; juj;jpy; gydiltijAk; jhz;b> ,aw;if KiwfSf;F khwpajhy; Ra-epiwT ngWtjw;Fk;> mth;fspd; Ntshz;ik nryT Fiwtjw;Fk; cjTfpwJ. xbrhit Nrh; e ; j 55 taJ tptrhapahd gp.nul;b’gj;J cWg;gpdh;fs; cs;s FLk;gj;jpw;F czT toq;f Ntz;ba epiyapy; ,Ue;jjhy;> Fiwe;j fhyj;jpy; mjpf cw;gj;jp ngWtjw;F ,urhad cuNk xNu Njh;thf vdf;F ,Ue;jJ” vd;W $wpdhh;. nul;bia Nghy> fpuhkj;jpy; cs;s kw;w tptrhapfSk; czT cw;gj;jpia mjpfhpf;f> xU tUlj;jpw;F Kd;gpypUe;J ,urhad cuj;ij gad;gLj;j Muk;gpj;jdh;. Jtf;fj;jpy; ,e;j Kiw ey;y tUkhdj;ij ngw;Wj; je;jJ. vdpDk; fhyk; nry;y nry;y> njhlh;e;J ,urhad cuj;ij gad; g Lj; j pajhy; > Kd; G ,Ue; j mstpw; F kz;zpd; juk; ,y;iy vd;W ,tiu Nghy kw;w tptrhapfSk; czu Muk;gpj;jdh;. ,urhad cuj;ij gad;gLj;jpajhy; mth;fspd; rhFgb kf#y; FiwtJ kl;Lkpy;yhky;> kz;zpd; juk; Nrjkile;jJ. xbrhtpy; cs; s tpA]; > vd; w muR rhuh epWtdk; FW tptrhapfspd; czT cj;jputhjj;ij Nkk;gLj;j fsj;jpy; rpwg;ghf gzp nra; J tUfpwJ. rpf; f pb tl; l j; j py; cs;s> nul;b cl;gl ngUk;ghyhd tptrhapfs; Xhpdg;gapuhf fha;fwpfis ,urhad cuj;ij gad;gLj;jp rhFgb nra;J tUfpd;wdh;. ,e;j njhopy;El;gj;jpdhy; Vw;gl;l Nrjk; mth;fspd; tho;thjhuj;jpy; epiyj;jj;jd;ik Vw;gLtjpy; mr;RWj;jyhf ,Uf;fpwJ. 12

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

tptrha r%fj;jpd; Njitia mwpe;J> [dthp kw;Wk; [{d; khjk; 2014 Mk; Mz;L> myhjpG+h; fpuhk kf;fSf;F> ,aw;if cuk; kw;Wk; mjd; gad; f s; Fwpj; J > tpA]; epWtdk; njhlh; gapw;rpj; jpl;lk; Vw;ghL nra;jJ. nul;bAld; kw;w 24 tptrhapfs; ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpy; gq;nfLj;jdh;. MyhjpG+h; fpuhkj; i j jtph; j ; J > fQ; [ k; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s kw;w 20 fpuhkq;fisr; Nrh;ej ; tptrhapfSf;Fk; ,e;jg; gapw;rp mspf;fg;gl;lJ. fQ;[k; khtl;lj;jpy; cs;s %d;W tl;lq;fspy;> ,f;Nfh epWtdj;jpd; cjtpNahL ‘xbrhtpy; epiyj;j tho;thjhu Kaw;rp“ jpl;lj;jpd; xU gq;Fjhd; ,e;jj; jpl;lk;. ,e;jj; jpl;lj;jpd; fPo;> tpA]; epWtdk; fpuhkj;jpdUf;F> Jtf;fj;jpy; Ra gad;ghl;bw;fhf tsh;f;fg;gLk; fha;fwpfs; caph; cuq;fs; rhFgb nra;tjw;F gapw;rpaspf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;jg; gapw;rpf;F gpd;dh;> gy FLk;gq;fSf;F jf;fhsp> ntz;ilf;fha; kw; W k; ghfw; f ha; Nghd; w fha; f wp tpijfs; toq;fg;gl;lJ. nul;bAld; kw;w tptrhapfSk; ,aw;if cuj;ij gad;gLj;jp fha;fwp rhFgb nra;a Jtq;fpdh;.

Continued on page 14

caph;r;#oy; Ntshz;ik - xU Kd;Ndw;w ghij jkpo; ehl; b y; cs; s ngz; z hfuk; vd; w tl;lj;jpy; kq;fiu vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; xU Vf;fh; khdhthhp epyj;ij nrhe;jkhf ngw;Ws;shh;> ,e; j puhzp vd; w rpW tptrhap. mtUila fzth; muR Copah; vd; g jhy; > tptrhak; ,uz;lhk; gl;rkhf ghh;f;fg;gl;lJ. epyf;fliy kw;Wk; ney;iy rhFgb nra;Jte;jhYk;> ey;y rhFgb njhopy; E l; g q; f is gpd; g w; W tjpy; Mh;tkpy;yhky; ,Ue;jhh;. cs;@h; ,LnghUs; tpahghhpia ek;gp> ,th;fspd; mwpTiug;gb> gaph;fSf;F ,urhadq;fs; ,l;lhh;. ,urhad tptrhaj;Jf;F khw;W tptrhak; ,Ug;gJ $l ,tUf;F njhpatpy;iy. ,e; j puhzp Ra cjtp FOtpd; cWg; g pdh; kl;Lkpy;yhky;> mth; ,JNghy; ehd;F FOf;fis Nkk;gLj;jp tUfpwhh;.12 Mz;LfSf;F Kd;> ikuhlh vd;w njhz;L epWtdk; %yk; ,e;j FOf;fs; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,af;Feh; kw;Wk; newpahsuhf ,Ug;gjhy; xt;nthU khjKk;> ikuhlh ,af;Fdh;fs; $l;lj;jpy; ,e;jpuhzp gq;Nfw;ghh;;. ,t;thW ele;j xU $l;lj;jpy;> ikuhlh Nkyhsh; gf;fj;J fpuhkj;jpy; V.vk;., gTz;Nl\d; vd;w njhz;L epWtdk; elj;jpa tay;ntspg; gs;spapy; Vw;gl;l ntspg;ghL Fwpj;J gfph;e;Jnfhz;lhh;. ,e;jpuhzp nra;j rhFgb Kiwapd; %yk; ve;j ,yhgKk; <l;lKbatpy;iy vd;gij czh;ej ; hh;. Kjy; Kiwahf caph;r# ; oy; topapy; tptrhak; nra;tjw;F fw;Wnfhz;lhh;. Mh;tkpFjpahy;> tay; ntspg; gs;spapy; gapw;rp ngw;w ngz;fsplk; fye;Jiuahbdhh;. 2015 Mk; Mz;L> mtuJ fpuhkj;jpy; V.vk;., epWtdk; caph; r ; # oy; top Ntshz; i k tptrhapfs; gpd;gw;Wtjw;F cjtpahf gzp nra;a Eioe;jJ. tay; ntspg;gs;sp FO xd;W xUq;fpizg;gjw;F> ,e;jpuhzp jhNd Kd;te;J rpwg; g hf gzpahw; w pdhh; . mth; midj; J tay;ntspg;gs;sp tFg;gpYk; fye;Jnfhz;L caph; r ; # oy; Ntshz; i k Fwpj; j mwpit GJg; g pj; J f; nfhz; l hh; . jdJ gz; i zapy; cs;s gpur;ridfSf;F cfe;j jPh;T fhZk; mstpw; F mjpf ek; g pf; i fia tsh; j ; J f; nfhz;Ls;shh;. mth; ,iytop G+r;rpf;nfhy;yp fiury;fis gad;gLj;j Muk;gpj;jhh;. rhW cwpQ; R k; G+r; r pfis fth; t jw; F > kQ; r s; xl; L nghwpia mikj; j hh; . fisfisf;

jpUkjp. ,e;jpuh> mtUila gz;izapy; caph;r;#oy; njhopy;El;gq;fis gpd;gw;Wfpwhh;

fl;Lg;gLj;j epyf;fliy tpijg;gjw;F Kd; rzg;igia tpijj;jhh;. ,urhad cuj;jpw;F gjpyhf> caph; c uq; f s; gad; g Lj; j pdhh; . ,jdhy; nryTfs; Fiwe;J tUtij fz;lhh;. jw;NghJ Ntg;g tpij fiury; kw;Wk; kQ;rs; xl;L nghwpia ehNd nrhe;jkhf jahhpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. ehd; ,urhad G+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfis KOtJkhf epWj;jptpl;Nld;. ,urhad cuk;> G+r;rpf; nfhy;ypfs;> fisnaLg;gjw;fhd $yp Mfpatw;wpw;fhd nryT Vf;fUf;F &.8000 10000 tiu Kd;G nryT nra;Njd;. Mdhy; jw;NghJ ehd; Rkhh; &.4000 kl;LNk nryT nra;fpNwd;. khw;W Kiwfis gad;gLj;Jtjhy;> Vf;fUf;F &.3000 Kjy; 4000 tiu vd;dhy; Nrkpf;f KbfpwJ vd;W ,e;jpuhzp $wpdhh;. vdpDk; > caph; r ; # oy; njhopy; E l; g q; f is gpd; g w; w pajhy; > 2016 Mk; Mz; L Vw; g l; l twl; r papYk; jd; D ila gapiuf; fhg; g hw; w Kbe; j J. kz; z pd; <ug; g jj; i j ghJfhf; f Ntz; b a Kf; f paj; J tj; i j Ghpe; J nfhz; L > kz;zpd; fdpkr; rj;J mjpfhpf;f> rzg;igia klf;fp cOjy;> kz;zpd; ePhg ; g ; bg;Gj; jd;ikia yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

mjpfhpf;f Cl;lNkw;wpa njhOcuj;ij ,Ljy; kw;Wk; rhpTf;F FWf;Nf coT Xl;Ljy; Nghd;w gy; N tW njhopy; E l; g q; f is ,e; j puhzp gpd;gw;wpdhh;. G+f;Fk; gUtk;> Nth; kw;Wk; fha; tpLk; gUtk; Mfpa epyf;fliyapd; Kf;fpa gUtq;fspd; NghJ jz;zPh; gw;whFiw kw;w tay;fspy; Vw;gl;l ghjpg;Gfisf; fhl;bYk;> vdJ epyf;fliy taypy; ghjpg;G FiwthfNt ,Ue;jJ. vd;dhy; 50 Kjy; 60% epyf;fliy mWtil nra;a Kbe;jJ. gaph; Nrjk; 40 Kjy; 50% Vw;gl;l mNj rkaj;jpy; kw;w tptrhapfspd; gaph; KOtJk; e\;lk; Vw;gl;lJ vd;whh; ,e;jpuhzp. ,e;jpuhzp jw;NghJ kfpo;r;rpahd tptrhapahf> caph; r ; # oy; njhopy; E l; g q; f is gpd; g w; w p> epyf;fliy> rhik> Nfo;tuF Nghd;w gaph;fis rhFgb nra; J tUfpwhh; . caph; r ; # oYf; F cfe;j topapy; rhFgb nra;J gad;ngw;wjdhy;>

kw;w %d;W Ra cjtpf; FOf;fSf;F ,tw;iw gug; G k; fUtpahf khwpAs; s hh; . fpuhk rgh kw;Wk; gQ;rhaj;J $l;lq;fspy; mth; jd;Dila mDgtq;fis gfph;e;Jnfhs;fpwhh;. midj; J tpjkhd epyq; f spy; (khdhthhp> ,wit kw;Wk; Njhl;lfhy;) ehk; caph;r;#oy; Ntshz;ikia gpd;gw;wpdhy; ekJ fpuhkk; ,aw;if kw;Wk; MNuhf;fpakhd Rw;Wr;#oiy kPzL ; k; milayhk; vd;W ,e;jpuhzp cWjpahf $Wfpwhh;.  Ms. Indrani can be contacted at 9943316249. The writeup has been developed by Mr. J Krishnan, AMEF. He can be contacted at krish72oxigen@gmail.com %yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2018> thy;a+k; 20> ,jo; 3

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,jd; KbT Cf;Ftpf;Fk; tifapy; ,Ue;jJ. ,urhad cuq;fs; gad;gLj;jhky;> fha;fwpfs; ed;F tsh;tij fz;l midj;J tptrhapfSk; kfpo;e;jdh;. Ra-gad;g hl;b ypUe;J> ,th; fs; cw;gj;jp nra;j fha;fwpfis cs;@h; re;ijapy; tpw;f Jtq;fpAs;sdh;. Efh;Nthhplk; Vw;gl;l khw;wk;> ,aw;if cu gad;ghl;bd; gad;fs; ,th; f spd; ek; g pf; i f NkYk; tYg; n gw; w J. re;ijapy; fpilf;Fk; ,urhadj;ij gad;gLj;jp tsh; f ; f g; g Lk; fha; f wpfis tpl ,e; j fha;fwpfspd; Rit kpFjpahf ,Uf;fpwJ vd;W Efh;Nthh; czh;e;jdh;. tpiutpy;> ,th;fspd; ,aw;if tpisnghUl;fs;; re; i japy; kpFe; j tuNtw; i g ngWk; . kw; w tptrhapfs; xU fpNyh ntz;ilf;fha; &.25 f;F

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

tpw;fg;gLk; mNj rkaj;jpy; ,e;j tptrhapfs; mNj msitf; nfhz;l ,aw;if tpisnghUs; &.35w; F tpw; f KbfpwJ. ,aw; i f rhFgb Rw; W r; # oy; kw; W k; czT juj; j py; Vw; g l; l cldb kw;Wk; ey;y jhf;fq;fisAk; jhz;b> nul; b kw; W k; mtuJ tptrha ez; g h; f spd; rhFgb nryit Fiwj;J> Ra Njitia G+h;jj ; p miltjw; F k; > ,e; j j; njhopy; E l; g k; rpwe; j Kiwapy; cjtpaJ.  Source: http://iccoindia.org/story/farmers-inodishareplenish-soil-fertility-the-natural-way/ %yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah> [_d; 2018> thy;a+k; 20> ,jo; 2

$l;Lj; njhopy; rpW tptrhapfspd; tho;thjhuj;ij tphpTgLj;Jk; top vr;.Mh;. ky;Ny\; kw;Wk; b. ghh;j;jrhujp fh;ehlfhtpy; Fwpg;ghf Fiwthd epyj;ij ngw;wpUf;Fk; tptrhapfs; kj;jpapy; gpugykhf ,Uf;Fk; gapuhf kf;fhr;Nrhsk; jpfo;fpwJ. midtUk; xU FOthf xd;W Nrh;e;j> rpf;fak;kpfDU fpuhkj;jpy; cs;s kf;fhr;Nrhs tptrhapfs; xU $l;Lj; njhopiy cUthf;fp> mjd; %yk; tpiyia eph;zapf;Fk; fl;Lghl;il rpwg;ghf ngw;wdh;. kf;fhr;Nrhsf; fopTfis kWRow;rp nra;J vhpthAthf khw;Wtjhy;> ,e;jf; FO gaph;f;fopTfs; %yk; tUkhdk; <l;LtNjhL> Rw;Wr;#oiy ghJfhf;Fk; Nehf;fj;NjhL nray;gLtJ njhpfpwJ.

Ntshz; fopTfspypUe;J vhpnghUSf;F gjpyhf> rpwe;j gRikahd khw;whf fwpj;Jz;Lfyhf jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ

rpj;uJh;fh khtl;lk;> N`hyy;fNu jhYf;fhtpy; cs;s rpf;fak;kpfDU fpuhkj;jpy; tho;e;J tUk; 840 FLk;gq;fspy; fpl;ljl;l 80 rjtpfpjj;jpdh; khdhthhp epyq;fspy; kf;fhr;Nrhsk; rhFgb nra;fpd;wdh;. kf;fhr;Nrhsk; khdhthhp gapuhf rhFgb nra;tjw;F RygkhfTk;> G+r;rp kw;Wk; Neha; jhf;Fjy; Fiwthf ,Ug;gjhy;> rhFgb nryT kpfTk; Fiwthf ,Uf;fpwJ. ,jd; fhuzkhf> ,e; j fpuhkj; j py; cs; s rpW tptrhapfs; kw; w g; gaph; f is fhl; b Yk; Kf; f pag; g apuhf kf; f hr; N rhsj; i jNa Njh; e ; n jLf; f pd; w dh; . nghJthf> tptrhapfs; xU n`f;Nlh; epyj;jpy; 60 Kjy; 75 Ftpz;lhy; fpilf;Fk; vd;gjhy; kpj ,yhgkhd Rkhh; &.15000 -j;ij kw;w gapiuf; fhl;bYk; Fiwe;j Mgj;jpy; fpilf;fpwJ. cs;@h; rhptpfpj cztpy; gy;NtW czT nghUl;fshd

cg;Gkh> Njhir> nuhl;b> Nrkpah Nghd;witfs; kf; f hr; N rhsj; j pypUe; J jahhpf; f g; g LfpwJ. ,J NkYk; Nfhop jPtdk; kw;Wk; khl;LjPtdk; jahhpg;gjw;Fk; gad;gLfpwJ. kf;fhr; Nrhsj;jpy; gaph;f; fopTfs; mjpfk; fpilf;Fk;> ,J kz;zpd; fdpk nghUl;fis mjpfhpf;f cjTfpwJ. ,e;jg; gaph;f; fopTfs; fhy;eilfSf;F jPtdkhfTk;

Ntshz;ik fopTfs; (kf;fhr; Nrhs fjph;fs;/ epyf;fliy Nrhif) Jz;Lfshf khw;WtJ> vhpthAf;fhd gRik jPht ; hf ,Uf;fpwJ> NkYk; ey;y tuNtw;Gk; ngw;wpUf;fpwJ. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

gad;gLfpwJ. jhdpak; ePff ; g;gl;l fjph;fs; mjpf ntg;gj; jpwd; nfhz;ljhy;> ,jid vhpthAthf gad;gLj;jyhk;. vdpDk; tptrhapfs; ,jid tPz; vd epidj;J fpilf;Fk; tpiyf;F cs;@h; tpahghhpfsplk; nfhLj;JtpLfpd;wdh; my;yJ epyj;jpNyNa mtw;iw vhpj;J tpLfpd;wdh;. 2017 Mk; Mz;L> ikuhlh gRik fy;Y}hp> ,e;j fpuhkj;jpy; cs;s 30 tptrhapfSf;F> kf; f hr; N rhsj; j py; cah; j ; j g; g l; l rhFgb njhopy; E l; g q; f s; Fwpj; j gapw; r p xd; W elj;jpaJ. ikuhlh gRik fy;Y}hp Ntshz;ik mbg;gilahf nfhz;l njhopy;fis tsh; f ; F k; Nehf; f NjhL> jpwid tsh; f ; F k; ikakhf jpfo; f pwJ. ,e; j ikak; 2016 Mk; Mz; L ikuhlhthy; nty; j ; j q; f h; `y;Ngtpd; gq;fspg;NghL> gRik Gjpa Kaw;rp ikaj; jpl; l j; j pd; fP o ; jl; N \ [nry; r hg; l ; gh; ,d; l h; N e\; N dy; Rrhk; d hh; n gl; vd; W miof; f g; g Lk; ([p. I. rl; ) kw; W k; n[h; k d; ngluy; nghUshjhu $l;L kw;W k; tsh; r ; r p mikr;rfk; (gp.vk;.rl;) Mfpatw;wpd; cjtpNahL Jtf; f g; g l; l J. Ntshz; njhopy; Cf; f ikak; vd; w ikuhlh gRik ikaj; j pd; gphptpd; %yk; gRik fy;Y}hp gapw;Wdh;fshy; cUthf;fg;gLk; njhopYf;F cjtpg;GhpfpwJ. gapw; r p ngw; w tptrhapfs; xd; W Nrh; e ; J kf;fhr;Nrhs rhFgbf; FO vd;W miof;fg;gLk; rk;Uj;jp nkf;f N[hs ngypfuhuh rq;fj;ij xUq;fpizj;jJ. xt;nthU khjKk; 5 Mk; Njjp FO $b gapw;rpapd;NghJ fw;Wnfhz;l njhopy;El;gq;fis gpd;gw;Wtjw;fhd mDgtj; i jAk; ,ju gpur; r idfs; Fwpj; J

fye; J iuahlg; g l; l J. cWg; g pdh; f s; &.50 Kjy; 100 khj Nrkpg;ghf> ,Jtiu &.19 520 mth;fspd; tq;fpf; fzf;fpy; cs;sJ.

xU njhopy; tptrhapfSld; fye;JiuahLk;NghJ kf;fhr;Nrhsj;ij cilg;gJ gpur;ridfspy; xd;whf fUjg;gl;lJ. nghJthf mWtilf;Fg;gpd;> kf;fhr;Nrhsk; fhaitj;J> tptrhapfspd; tPlb ; NyNa ey;y tpiy tUk; tiu Nrkpf;fg;gLfpwJ. tpw;gid nra;tjw;FKd;> kf;fhr;Nrhs fjph;fis cilf;f Ntz;Lk;. mjhtJ> fjph; f spypUe; J jhdpaq; f is gphpj;njLj;jy;. vdpDk;> tptrhapfs; ifahy; cilg;gjw;F> $ypahl;fs; fpilg;gJ kpfTk; fbdkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. NkYk;> ,J mjpf Neuj;ij vLf; f f; $ ba xU KiwahFk; . fUtpia nfhz; L fjph; f is cilg; g J> kw; n whU Njh; t hFk; > ,J ifahy; cilg; g ijtpl Rygkhf ,Uf;Fk;. ,jw;F rpW tptrhapfs; nghpa tpahghhpfs; my;yJ nghpa tptrhapfs; itj;jpUf;Fk; fjph; cilf;Fk; fUtpia ek;gpNa ,Uf;fpd;wdh;. Mdhy;> ngUk;ghYk; re;ijapy; mjpf tpiyf;F NghFk;NghJ> Neuj;jpy; fUtp fpilg;gJ tptrhapfSf;F fbdkhf ,Uf;fpwJ. rhpahd rkaj;jpy; fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; fpilf;fhtpby;> rpW tptrhapfSf;F re;ijapy; fpilf;Fk; ey;y tpiy ifeOtp Nghfpd;wJ. xU gl;lj;jpd;NghJ> kf;fhr; Nrhsj;jpd; re;ij tpiyia ghh; f ; F k; N ghJ GhpAk; . ,jw; F Kd; cs;s gl;lj;jpy;> (etk;gh; 2017 Kjy; Vg;uy; 2018)> xU Ftpz;lhy; kf;fhr;Nrhsk; re;ij

fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpu nryT &.88>000.00 (khdpaj;jpd; fPo; thq;fg;gl;lJ). fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; nkhj;j nryT &.188>000.00 nryT t. vz;

tpguq;fs;

tUkhdk;

vz;zpf;if

vz;zpf;if tpiy

nkhj;j njhif

150

66.00

110.00

1650.00

1300.00

2600.00

Bry; tpiy (ypl;lh;)

vz;nza; tpiy (ypl;lh;)

Nrit tpiy

$yp nkhj;j nrytpy; 45%

57000.00

FOtpw;F nrYj;jg;gl;l njhif (tptrha Mh;tf; FO)

36000.00

9900.00 cilf;fg;gLk; kf;fhr; Nrhsk; (f;tpz;lhy;)

nkhj;jk; 107770.00 ,ae;jpuk; ,af;FgtUf;fhd yhgk; 16

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

tpguq;fs;

vz;zpf;if 2881

vz;zpf;if tpiy

nkhj;j njhif

50.00 144050.00

nkhj;jk; 144>050.00 36>280

njhopypd; tpguq;fs; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd t. vz;

nfhs;Kjy; nra;ag;gl;l cilj;j kf;fhr; Nrhsk;

tpiy &./ld;

nkhj;j njhif (&.)

tpguq;fs;

5.5 ld;

2400.00

13>200.00

1 yhhp

6.2 ld;

2400.00

14>880.00

1 yhhp

6.5 ld;

2500.00

16>250.00

1 yhhp

6.00 ld;

2500.00

15>000.00

1 yhhp

nkhj;jk;

59>330.00

Kjy; yhhpapd; nrytpd tpguq;fs; t.vz;

tpguq;fs;

msT

nrytpd tpguq;fs;

tpguq;fs; tptrhapfsplk; nkhj;j tpiyapy; thq;fg;gLfpwJ

cilj;j kf;fhr; Nrhsj;jpd; tpiy

24.2 ld;

17>450.00

Nghf;Ftuj;J

4 Kiw

26>000.00

$yp nryT

11>500.00

nkhj;jk;

54>950.00

fhaj;hp Ntshz;ik vhpthA ikaj;jpw;F kf;fhr; Nrhsk; tpw;fg;gLfpwJ

&.59>330

nrytpd tpguq;fs;

&.54> 950

epfu ,yhgk;

&.4380/- 24.2 ld;

tpiy &. 1060 Kjy; 1280 tiu khw;wkile;J nfhz;Nl ,Ue;jJ. gPfhhpypUe;J fpilf;Fk; kf;fhr;Nrhsk;> rh;tNjr re;ij epytuq;fs;> gioa kf; f hr; N rhs ,Ug; i g ntspapLjy; Nghd;w gy;NtW fhuzpfis ek;gpNa tpiyfs; eph;zapf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,e;j #o;epiyapy;> cs;@h; re; i jia Mo; e ; J ftdpj; J nfhz; b Uf; F k; tptrhapfs;> mth;fSila re;ij tpiyapd; vjph;gg ; hh;gi ; g (&.1250-1300/Ftpz;lhy;) G+h;jj ; p nra; A k; epiyapy; tpw; f Kaw; r pf; f pd; w dh; . Mdhy;> re;ij tpiy mjpfkhf ,Uf;Fk;NghJ> midj;J gFjp tptrhapfSk; kf;fhr;Nrhsj;ij cilj;J> mtw;iw re;ijf;F nfhz;Lnry;y Ke;jpr;nry;Yk; epiy Vw;gLfpwJ. mjdhy;> kf;fhr;Nrhsk; fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuq;fSf;F mjpf Njit ,Uf; f pwJ. fjph; cilf; F k; ,ae;jpuk; ,y;yhj tptrhapfs; kdmOj;jjpw;F cs; s hfpd; w dh; . re; i japy; ey; y tpiy ,Uf;Fk;NghJk;> kf;fhr;Nrhs tpisg;nghUis tpw;f Kbahky;Nghdjhy; ,e;j epiy Vw; g l; L s; s J. kf; f hr; Nrhsk; re; i japy; Ftpz; l hYf; F &.1200 tpw; F k; N ghJ> ehd; fjph; f is cilj; j pUe; j hy; > vd; D ila 96 Ftpz;lhy; kf;fhr; Nrhsj;ij tpw;W &.10000

Vw;Wjy;/,wf;Fjy;

,yhgk; <l;bapUg;Ngd; vd;w FO cWg;gpduhd> jpU.fhpg;grg;gh xU $l;lj;jpy; tUj;jj;NjhL $wpdhh;. ikuhlh gRikf; FONthL Nrh;e;J ,e;j gpur;ridf; Fwpj;J fye;Jiuahb> rhpahd rkaj;jpy; kf;fhr; Nrhsk; cilg;gjw;F gy;NtW topfis fz;Lgpbj;J> re;ijapy; ey;y tpiy fpilf;Fk;NghJ mtw;iw tpw;gid nra;tjw;F jahuhf ,Uf;f tptrhapfSf;F cjtp Ghpe;jdh;. ikuhlh gRik ikaj;jpd;> Ntshz;ik njhopy; Cf;Ftpg;G ikak; kf;fhr; Nrhsk; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; tptuq;fis FOtpw;F toq;fpaJ. kf; f hr; Nrhsk; cilf; F k; ,ae; j puj; i j nrhe;jkhf Nkk;gLj;jyhk; vd;W ,e;jf; FO Mh;tk; nfhz;ldh;. ikuhlh mYtyh; kw;Wk; FO gpujpepjpfs; fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; tpiy kw;Wk; ve;j topapy; ,jid nfhs;Kjy; nra;tJ Fwpj;J fye;Jiuahbdh;. fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; tpiy &.188000/-. tptrhapfspd; Fiwe;j Nrkpg;ig itj;J ,ae;jpuj;ij thq;f KbahJ. Ntshz;ik Jiwapy; > jdp tptrhapf;F &.88000 f;F khdpa tpiyapy; ,ae;jpuk; toq;Fk; jpl; l k; ,Ue; j J. NkYk; > ,e; j j; njhifAk; tptrhapfSf;F mth;fspd; Nrkpg;igf; fhl;bYk; mjpfkhf ,Ue;jJ. yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

Mifahy;> Ntshz;ik njhopy; Cf;ftpf;Fk; ikak;> khdpa tpiyapy; cs;s kf;fhr; Nrhs fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;ij FOtpw;F thq;f cjtpg; G hpe; j dh; . FO cWg; g pduhd jpU. F. ehfg;gh> khdpak; thq;f jFjpAilath; vd;gjhy;> FO mtiu Njh;e;njLj;jJ. ikuhlh gRik ikak;> tptrhaf; FO kw;Wk; tptrhap (F. ehfg; g h) kj; j papy; Kg; g hpzhk xg; G jy; fbjj;jpy; ifnaOj;jpl;ldh;. ,jpy; r%fj;jpd; rhh; g hf ,ae; j puj; i j Nkyhz; i k nra; A k; chpikia Ntshz;ik njhopy; Cf;ftpf;Fk; ikaj;jpw;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. brk;gh; 2017 Mk; Mz;L> fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; nfhs;Kjy; nra;ag;gl;lJ. [dthp 2018 ,uz;lhk; Njjp md;W rk;Uj;jp FOtpw;F toq;fg;gl;L> xU gl; l j; j pw; F ,ae; j puj; i j gad; g Lj; J khW $wg;gl;lJ. ,ae;jpuj;ij FOthf nray;gLj;j Ntshz; i k njhopy; Cf; F tpf; F k; ikak; topelj;JfpwJ. FOtpd; cWg;gpdh; ,y;yhj tptrhapfSf;F> xU Ftpz;lhy; kf;fhr; Nrhs fjph; cilf;f &.50> FO cWg;gpdh;fSf;F &.45 jhfTk; eph;zapf;fg;gl;lJ. fy;Ny\g;gh vd;w cWg;gpdiu ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;Ftjw;F Njh;njLj;jdh;. ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;Fk; nryT> Nkk; g Lj; J jy; kw; W k; fhg; g P L Mfpait ,ae; j puj; j pd; tUkhdj; j pypUe; J nryT nra;ag;gLk; vd;W KbT nra;ag;gl;lJ. kPjp njhifapy; &.36000 FOtpw; F Nrkpj; J itj; J tpl; L > kw; w it fy; N y\g; g htpw; F mspf;fg;gLfpwJ.

jhdpaj;ij re;ijgLj;Jjy; midj;J fjph; cilf;Fk; Ntiyfs; Kbg;gjw;F 51 ehl; f s; Mapd. ,J 78 tptrhapfspd; Njitia G+h;j;jp nra;jJ. xg;Gjy; fbjj;jpd; mbg;gilapy;> fjph; cilf;Fk; Ntiy Kbe;j gpd; d h; > ,ae; j puj; i j Ntshz; i k njhopy; Cf;Ftpf;Fk; ikaj;jpy; Nk 2018 Mk; Mz;L xg;gilf;fg;gl;lJ. ,e;jj; njhopypd; Kbtpy; ,yhgj; j py; &.36280 (FOtpw; F &.36000 nrYj;jpaJ Nghf) xg;Gnfhz;lgb ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;FgtUf;F mspf;fg;gl;lJ. tpguq;fs; fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. nfhlfts;sp`l;b fpuhkj;jpd; mUfpypUf;Fk; jpU. uh[;Fkhh; ‘jpU.fy;Ny\g;gh vq;fSf;F ey; y Nritia mspj; j hh; > NkYk; fjph; cilf; F k; nray; K iw ed; w hf ,Ue; j J. re;ijapy; ey;y tpiy ,Uf;Fk;NghJ> ehd; 120 Ftpz; l hy; kf; f hr; Nrhsk; fjph; f is cilj;J f; nfhz;Nld;. tpahghhpaplkpUe; J gzk; ngw;w gpd;dh; fy;Ny\g;ghtpw;F &.6000 18

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

fl; b Ndd; . Kd; G > vdJ fpuhkj; j pypUe; J fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpw;fhf re;ijapy; ey;y tpiy fpilf;Fk;NghJ gy Kiw Kaw;rp nra;Njd;. Mdhy; mJ ntw;wpailatpy;iy. mNrhf; nfhlfts;sp (FO cWg;gpdh;) %yk; rpf;fak;kpfDU fpuhkj;jpy; Fiwe;j tpiyapy; fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuk; Fwpj;J njhpate;jJ. gpd;dh;> ehd; kw;Wk; ,d;Dk; rpy tptrhapfs; fy;Ny\g;ghit mioj;Njhk;. kWehs;> vq;fs; fpuhkj;jpy; mth; fjph; cilf;f Jtq;fpdhh;. nkhj; j j; j py; midj; J tptrhapfSk; fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;jpd; Nrit fpilj;jJk; kfpo; r ; r p mile; j dh; . Vndd; w hy; rhpahd rkaj;jpy; fjph; cilf;f Kbe;jjhy;> mth;fSf;F ey; y tpiy fpilf; f cjtpahf ,Ue; j J. fjph; cilf;Fk; njhopypy; fy;Ny\g;ghtpw;F ,ae;jpuj;ij ,af;fpajhy;> me;j gl;lj;jpy; ey;y tUkhdk; fpilj;jJ. 4-6 $yp njhopyhsh;fSf;F 45 tpOf;fhL tUkhd gq;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. gzpr; Rikia mbg;gilahf nfhz;L jpd Ntiy mbg;gilapy; toq;fg;gl;lJ.

$Ljy; gad;fs; ,jidj; jhz; b > Ntshz; i k njhopy; Cf;Ftpf;Fk; ikak; kf;fhr;Nrhsf; fjph;fis Neubahf tpw;f cjtpGhpe;jJ. fjph;fspypUe;J jhdpaq;fs; gphpj;njLj;J> kPjKs;s fjph;fis Ftpayhf Nghl;L> vhpthAthfNth my;yJ kf; F cukhfNth gad; g Lj; j g; g LfpwJ. rpy rkaq; f spy; tptrhapfs; fpilf; F k; tpiyapy; ,iljufh;fsplk; tpw;fNth my;yJ tay;fspNyNa vhpf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,ilj;jufh;fs; tptrhapfSf;F fjph;fSf;F Fiwe;j tpiyf;Nf nfhLf;fpd;wdh;. fjph;fSf;F ey;y tpiy fpilg;gjw;F> midj;J tptrhapfs; tay;fspypUe;J fjph;fis Nrfhpf;f Vw; g hL nra; a g; g l; l J. NkYk; 80 Kjy; 90 fp.kP. njhiytpy; cs;s fhaj;hp Ntshz;ik vhpthA ikak;> nry;yfNu vd;w ,lj;jpw;F vLj; J nry; y g; g l; l J. fhaj; h p Ntshz; i k vhpthA ikak; ‘Ntshz;ikf; foptpypUe;J nrhj;Jf;fs;” vd;w Fwpf;NfhSld; ntw;wpfukhf nray;gl;LtUfpwJ. Ntshz;ik fopT vd;gJ kf;fhr; Nrhs fjph;fNsh my;yJ epyf;fliy Njhy; my;yJ fhgp nfhl;ilfspd; Njhy; Nghd;w VNjDk; xU Ntshz; fopTg; nghUis J}shf;fp gpd; G mjid fbdg; g Lj; j p> guha; y Uf; F k; > vhpr;rf;jp fyDf;Fk; gad;gLj;Jk; tifapy; fwp Jz;Lfshf jahhpf;fg;gLfpwJ. vhpthA fl;ilfs; kw;Wk; vz;nza;f;F gjpyhf ,e;j fwpj; Jz;LfSf;F mjpf tuNtw;G ,Uf;fpwJ.

kf;fhr;Nrhs fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;ij tptrhaf;FO ,af;fp> Nkk;gLj;JfpwJ

NkYk; fhaj; h p Ntshz; i k vhpthA ikak; Kbe;jtiuapy; Ntshz; fopTfis nfhs;Kjy; nra; J mjpf Njitia G+h; j ; j p nra; A k; Kaw;rpia vLj;JtUfpwJ. Ntshz;ik njhopy; Cf; F tpf; F k; ikak; fhaj; h p Ntshz; i k vhpthA ikaj;jpw;F tptrha FOf;fs; Neubahf fjph;fis tpdpNahfk; nra;tjw;F topelj;jp tUfpwJ. ,J tptrhapfSf;F Kd;G fpilj;j tpiyiatpl 2-3 klq;F mjpf tpiy toq;fg;gLfpwJ. kpf Rygkhd ,izg;ghf ,Ue; j hYk; > nray; g Lj; J k; N ghJ Vw; g Lk; ,ilA+Wfs; Fwpj;J fw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. ,e;jj; njhoypy; cs;s Kf;fpaj; jpwd; yhhpapy; mjpf fjph;fs; epug;GtNjahFk;. Jtf;fj;jpy;. njhopyjpgh;fs; ntWk; 5.5-6.5 ld;fs; kl;LNk epug;g Kbe;jJ> Mdhy; mDgtk; ngw;wg;gpd;dh;> yhhpapy; 9-10 ld;fs; epug;gg;gLfpwJ. fjph;fis ,iljufh;fs; cjtpNahL tpw;why; xU ld; &.250-300 kl;LNk fpilj;jJ. Mdhy; jhdpak; cilf;fg;gl;l fjph;fs; ,ilj;jufh;fs; ,y;yhky; Neubahf tpw;why; tptrhapfSf;F xU ld; &. 650-750 fpilf;fpwJ. `yy;fNu vd;w fpuhkj;jpypUe;J `y;yk;kh vd;w ngz; tptrhap ‘%d; W Vf; f h; epyj; j py; kf; f hr; Nrhsk; rhFgb nra; N jd; . fjph; cilf; F k;

,ae;jpuj;ij gad;gLj;jp xU Ftpz;lhy; &. 1280 vd;w hPjpapy; 48 Ftpz;lhy;fs; tpw;Nwd;. 600 fpNyh cilf;fg;gl;l fjph;fisAk; tpw;W &. 550 $Ljyhf fpilj;jJ” vd;W $wpdhh;. ,e; j gad; f isAk; jhz; b kpf Fiwe; j kjpg;ghf fUjg;gLk; fjph;fis tpw;gid nra;Ak; njhopypy; tptrhapfis <LgLj; J tJ kpf rthyhd xd;whf ,Ue;jJ. mjdhy; ,jw;F njhopyjpgh;fis FONt Njh;e;njLj;jdh;. rPdg;gh vd;w fpuhk mstpy; njhopyjpguhf> fhaj; h p Ntshz; i k vhpthA nry; y hfNu kw;Wk; tptrhapfSf;fpilNa njhopiy elj;jp tUfpwhh; . tptrhapfsplkpUe; J fjph; f is> vg;gb thq;fp mjid epug;g Ntz;Lk; vd;W fw;Wf;nfhz;Nld;. vjph;fhyj;jpy;> xU ehisf;F xU yhhpf;F &.700 <l;lKbAk;. tptrhapfs; FO %ykhf cilj; j fjph; f is Neubahf fhaj;hp Ntshz;ik vhpthA ikaj;jpw;F tpw;f Cf;Ftpg;gJ mtrpak;.

rthy;fs; kw;Wk; Kd;Ndw;w ghij fjph; cilg; g J ,yhgk; juf; $ ba njhopy; vd;W tptrhaf; FO czh;e;jdh;. KbTfshy; Cf;fkile;J> ,d;Dk; xU fjph; cilf;Fk; ,ae;jpuj;ij thq;f FO jpl;lkpl;Ls;sJ. mjw;F yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

gRik vhpnghUshf kWRow;rp nra;tjw;F> tptrhapfs; cilf;fg;gl;l kf;fhr;Nrhs fjph;fis nkhj;jkhf fk;ngdpf;F mDg;Gfpd;wdh;.

Kd;> mDgtq;fs; thapyhf jPh;f;f Ntz;ba gy;NtW rthy;fs; kw;Wk; fw;wy;fs; Kjypy; rhp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. fjph; cilf;Fk; nra;Kiwapy; rpy khw;wq;fs; nra;J> fjph; cilf;Fk;NghJ tP z hFk; jhdpaq; f is Fiwf; f r; nra; a Ntz;Lk;. kf;fhr; Nrhsj;ij cilj;j gpwF> ,ae;jpuk; gad;gLj;jhj epiyapy; ,Ug;gjhy;> ,ae; j puj; i j kw; w gaph; f shd #hpafhe; j p> Nfo;tuF> nrQ;Nrhsk; Nghd;w gaph;fSf;F gad; g Lj; J k; Njitia ntspnfhz; L tu Ntz;Lk;. NkYk;> jw;NghJ Ntshz;ik njhopy; Cf; F tpf; F k; ikak; midj; J Nkk; g hl; L gpur;ridfis Nkw;nfhs;fpwJ. ,e;jg; gzpia r%fk; KOtJkhf nghWg; N gw; f Ntz; L k; . fjph; cilf; F k; njhopy; kw; W k; fjph; f is tpw;gjpy; > $l;lhf xd;W Nrh;tjpy; ntw;wpia fz;ljhy;> vjph;tUk; gl;lj;jpw;F> FO xd;whf Nrh;eJ ; ,LnghUl;fis nfhs;Kjy; nra;tjw;F gzpGhpfpd;wdh;. Mifahy;> tptrhapfs; fld; thq;fhky;> rhpahd Neuj;jpy;> Fiwe;j tpiyapy; ,LnghUl;fs; fpilj;jJ. ,jid rhh;ej ; kw;nwhU njhopyhf tptrhapfs; jw;NghJ ghpNrhjid nra;tJ> gRe;jiofis Jz;Lfshf ntl;Lk; fUtp. fhy;eilf;F jPtdk; mspg;gjw;F Kd; kf;fhr; Nrhs gaph;f; fopTfis rpW Jz;Lfshf ,e;j fUtp ntl;Lk;. ,JNghy; nra; t jhy; > kf; f hr; Nrhs gaph; fopTfs; tPzhtJ Fwpg;gl;l mstpw;F Fiwf;fyhk;. 20

yPrh ,e;jpah • ,jo; 1 • khh;r; 2020

NkYk;> ,e;jf; FO nkhj;jkhf Nfhop kw;Wk; fhy; e il jP t d fk; n gdpfSf; F kf; f hr; Nrhsj;ij tpw;f Kaw;rp nra;J tUfpd;wdh;. kf;fhr; Nrhsk; Fwpj;J gapw;rpaspf;Fk; jpUkpF. gp.vk;. tpj;ah vd;w vk;.[p.rp. xUq;fpizg;ghsh; gapw; r papd; N ghJ gq; N fw; f hsh; f s; rhFgb njhopy;El;gq;fis kl;LNk fw;fhky; Ntshz;ikia njhopyhf ghh;f;Fk; Kaw;rpia vLj;Js;sdh;. ,th;fspd; gpur;ridfs; Fwpj;J fye; J iuahLk; N ghJ> tptrhapfs; FOthf xd;WNrh;e;J gzp Ghptjdhy; Vw;gLk; gyj;ij ,th; f s; czh; e ; j dh; . ,jdhy; ,th; f spd; gpur;ridfis Gjpa njhopYf;fhd tha;g;ghf khw; w KbfpwJ. Mapuk; iky; ; f s; nfhz; l gpuahzj;ij xU mb itj;J Jtf;fpAs;sdh;. ,e;j tptrhapfs;> mth;fspd; vjph;fhyk; kw;Wk; vjph; f hy Ntshz; i k mth; f spd; jplkhd Njhy;fspy; ,Uf;fpwJ vd;w Ra ek;gpf;ifia itj;J xU rpW Jtf;fj;ij vLj;Js;sdh;.  T Parthasarathy Project Coordination (Green Colleges – Karnataka and Maharashtra) Welthungerhilfe Project Office, Myrada #2, Service Road, Domlur, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560071 %yk;: yPrh ,e;jpah> nrg;lk;gh; 2018> thy;a+k; 20> ,jo; 3