LEISA India - Hindi -September 2019 by LEISA India

fofo/k [ksrh % NksVs ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa dh vkt dh vko';drk ,e-,u- dqyd.khZ ,oa Vh- lqjs'k

çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 5 fofo/khd`r [ksrh ds ek/;e ls LFkkbZRo veunhi flag ,oa xqjizhr dkSj

8 fofo/k [krsh % NkVss ,oa lhekUr fdlkukas dh vkt dh vko';drk ,e-,u- dqyd.khZ ,oa Vh- lqjs'k

tyok;q ifjorZu ds izHkko NksVs ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa ds thou dks vkSj vf/kd d"Vdkjh cuk jgs gSaA fo”ks"kdj mudh vkthfodk vR;f/kd tksf[ke esa gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Ñf"k esa LFkkbZRo ykus ds fy, fofo/khÑr [ksrh ,dek= vk'kk dh fdj.k gSA bls mijkgYyh xk¡o ds mnkgj.k }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA

11 fdlku Mk;jh % ikfjfLFkfrd [ksrh vkxs dk jkLrk gS ts- Ñ".ku

12 vfHkuo cktkj ra= ckads fcgkjh] y[ku flag] jkts'k fo'uksbZ ,oa lqjs'k dqekj

vfHkuo cktkj ra= ckads fcgkjh] y[ku flag] jkts'k fo'uksbZ ,oa lqjs'k dqekj

16 tSfod Qly izcU/ku ds ek/;e ls cgq ykHk izkIr djuk Vh-,e- jk/kk ,oa ts- Ñ".ku

ns'k ds nwjLFk igkM+h {ks=ksa esa jgus okys NksVh tksr okys fdlkuksa dh igqap vHkh Hkh cktkj rd u gks ikus ds dkj.k os vius mRiknksa dks vPNs nkeksa ij ugha csp ikrsA mÙkjk[k.M izns”k ds nsgjknwu ftys esa pdjkrk {ks= ds lqnwj igkM+h {ks= ds fdlkuksa us ,d vf}rh; LFkkuh; foi.ku ra= dks fodflr fd;k gS] tks lQy ,oa LFkkbZ gSA

tSfod Qly izcU/ku ds ek/;e ls cgq ykHk izkIr djuk Vh-,e- jk/kk ,oa ts- Ñ".ku i;kZoj.k lEer Ñf"kxr xfrfof/k;ksa dks viukus vkSj Qly esa tSo fofo/krk c<+kus ls e`nk moZjrk] dhV izcU/ku] Qly mit] ykxr ,oa ykHk vkSj i;kZoj.k lEcU/kh cgqr ls Qk;ns gksrs gSaA lcls egRoiw.kZ rks ;g gS fd blls [ksrh esa LFkkbZRo cuk jgrk gS] vkinkvksa ls fuiVus dh rkdr vkrh gS vkSj fdlku vkRe fuHkZj gksrs gSaA bl jkLrs dks isUukxzke ds fdlkuksa us fn[kk;k gSA ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 3

ØãU ¥¢·¤... lEikndh;] yht+k bf.M;k fgUnh dk flrEcj] 2019 vad izdkf'kr gksdj vkids le{k igqap jgk gSA oLrqr% ;g if=dk gekjs fy, flQZ [ksrh&fdlkuh ls lEcfU/kr lQy dgkfu;ksa dk laxzg u gksdj ,d ,slk lesfdr iz;kl gS] tgka NksVh tksr ds fdlkuksa ds vuqHko gSa] muds Kku gSa] muds }kjk fd;s uokpkj gSa vkSj lkFk esa mu uohu xfrfof/k;ksa dh lQyrk&vlQyrk dk Hkh o.kZu fd;k x;k gS] ftuls lh[k o lcd ysdj iwjs ns'k ds NksVh tksr/kkjd fdlku vius [ksrh] mRiknu ,oa vk; esa LFkkbZRo cuk;s j[k ldrs gSaA ,sls le; esa] tcfd iwjk fo'o vkfFkZd eanh ds nkSj ls xqtj jgk gS] izR;sd Lrj ij fofo/krk viukuk ,d egRoiw.kZ o mYys[kuh; xfrfof/k fl) gksxh] ftlls ge u dsoy vius ifjokj dh [kk| lqj{kk o vk; lqfuf'pr dj ldsaxs] oju~ leqnk; ds fy, Hkh dkQh vljdkjd fl) gksxkA blh dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, if=dk dk igyk ys[k ^^fofo/khÑr [ksrh ds ek/;e ls LFkkbZRo** gS] tks veunhi flag ,oa xqjehr dkSj }kjk fy[kk x;k gSA bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls ys[kd}; us fofo/krk ds egRo ij izdk'k Mkyrs gq, ;g crk;k gS fd [ksrh ds fofHkUu mira=ksa esa lkeatL; fcBkdj u flQZ vk; c<+kbZ tk ldrh gS] oju~ izR;sd mira= nwljs ij vkfJr gksus ds dkj.k mudh ykxr esa Hkh deh vkrh gSA fiNys nks&rhu n'kdksa ls tyok;q ifjorZu gekjs fy, oSf'od Lrj ij ,d egRoiw.kZ eqn~nk cuk gqvk gS vkSj oSf'od ls ysdj LFkkuh; Lrj rd bl leL;k ls fuiVus gsrq egRoiw.kZ iz;kl fd;s tk jgs gSaA bUgha iz;klksa esa ls ,d iz;kl dukZVd ds ,d NksVs ls LFky mijkgYyh xkao ds fdlkuksa }kjk fd;k tk jgk gS] ftls ,e-,u- flag o Vh- lqjs'k }kjk ^^fofo/k [ksrh % NksVs ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa dh vkt dh vko';drk** uke ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;k gSA bl iwjs ys[k esa ;g crkus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gS fd foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkh fdlkuksa us vk'kk dk nkeu ugha NksM+k gS vkSj tyok;q ifjorZu ls eqdkcyk djus gsrq [ksrh esa fofo/krk dks viukdj LFkkbZRo yk jgs gSA if=dk dk rhljk ys[k NksVh tksr dh efgyk fdlku Jherh bUnzk.kh ds ckjs esa gSA bl ys[k esa ys[kd ts0 Ñ".ku us crk;k gS fd dSls bUnzk.kh us fofo/k iz;klksa dks viukdj viuh [ksrh dks Qk;nsean cuk;k gS vkSj viuh {kerk o`f) djrs gq, ek;jkMk ds funs'kd e.My esa 'kkfey gksdj uhfrxr Lrj ij Hkh viuh igpku cukus esa l{ke gqbZ gSaA ckads fcgkjh] y[ku flag] jkts'k fo'uksbZ vkSj lqjs'k dqekj }kjk fyf[kr if=dk dk pkSFkk ys[k ^^vfHkuo cktkj ra=** gSA bl ys[k esa mÙkjk[k.M dh igkfM+;ksa esa jgus okys fdlkuksa }kjk vius mRiknksa dks fcpkSfy;ksa ls eqDr djrs gq, foi.ku dh ,d uohu rduhd dks crk;k x;k gS] ftlesa LFkkuh; Lrj ds okgu pkydksa dks ,d egRoiw.kZ fgrHkkxh ds rkSj ij 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA vknku&iznku ds bl fj'rs esa vkilh fo'okl vkSj ikjnf'kZrk lcls egRoiw.kZ rRo gSaA if=dk ds vfUre ik;nku ij Vh-,e- jk/kk vkSj ts- d`".ku }kjk fyf[kr ys[k ^^tSfod Qly izcU/ku ds ek/;e ls cgq ykHk izkIr djuk** gSA bl ys[k ds ek/;e ls ys[kd}; us ;g Li"V djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS fd tSfod [ksrh ds fofo/k fl)kUrksa dks viukdj u flQZ cgqr ls Qk;ns fy;s tk ldrs gSa] oju~ [ksrh ,oa vkthfodk esa Hkh LFkkbZRo cuk jg ldrk gSA bls mUgksaus rfeyukMq ds isUukxzke ds fdlkuksa ds mnkgj.k ls le>k;k gSA vUr esa if=dk ds ys[kksa ij vkids lq>ko gekjs fy, vR;Ur egRoiw.kZ gSaA vk'kk gS] foxr dh Hkkafr ;g if=dk Hkh vkids fy, mi;ksxh fl) gksxhA Ñi;k vius egRoiw.kZ fopkjksa ls gesa vo'; voxr djk;saA blh ds lkFk--lEiknd e.My

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

çßçßÏè·ë¤Ì æðÌè ·ð¤ ×æŠØ× âð SÍæ§üˆß ¥×ÙÎèÂ çâ¢ãU °ß¢ »éÚU ÂýèÌ ·¤ æñÚU fofo/khÑr [ksrh ls u dsoy cgqr ls ykHk izkIr gksrs gSa] oju~ ,dhÑr [ksrh djus ls [ksrh dh ykxr Hkh de gksrh gSA lq[kthr us ;g lkfcr dj fn;k fd ,dhd`r [ksrh u dsoy Hkkstu vkSj vk; dks lqjf{kr j[krh gS oju~ blls o"kZ Hkj jkstxkj Hkh miyC/k gksrk jgrk gSA buds }kjk rS;kj fd;k x;k ekWMy lQy vkSj vuqdj.kh; gSA lq[kthr flag ,d ;qok fdlku gSa] tks xzkeh.k iatkc ds fcjksds dyka xk¡o ds jgus okys gSaA ;g xk¡o iatkc ds eUklk ftys esa vofLFkr gSA FkksM+s fnu ukSdjh djus ds ckn bUgksaus [ksrh dh rjQ okil ykSVuk pkgk vkSj blh Øe esa Lo;a dk Ñf"k vk/kkfjr m|ksx izkjEHk dj fn;kA vius cpiu ds nkSjku] lq[kthr us vius firk ,l- Hkksyk flag dks ifjokj dh ik"sk.k vko';drk,a ijwk djus ds fy, lv w jka s dks ikyrs n[skk Fkk vkjS [krsh buds fy, ubZ ugha FkhA fofo/khdj.k dk vkjEHk lq[kthr vius ifjokj ,oa nq/kk: i'kqvksa dh [kk| vko';drk dks iwjk djus ds fy, viuh tehu ij vukt vkSj pkjk mxkrs gSa os izfro"kZ viuh tehu ij nks ls rhu Qlysa mxkrs gSaA o"kZ 2015 esa] lq[kthr us vius nksLrksa j.k/khj flag vkSj pUnzeqfu ds lkFk feydj cdjh] lqvj vkSj eNyh ikyu

dk dk;Z izkjEHk fd;kA bl m|e dks 'kq: djus ls igys l[qkthr us Ñf"k foKku dUsn]z eulk ls cdjh ikyu ij 5 fnu dk vkjS lv q j ikyu ij 7 fnu dk ifz'k{k.k ikzIr fd;kA os xq: vaxn osVsujh ,oa ,fuey lkbalst fo'ofo|ky; ds ek/;e ls eNyh ikyu ij igys ls izf'kf{kr FksA lq[kthr us 2 ,dM+ ds {ks=Qy esa ,d eNyh rkykc dk fuekZ.k fd;kA mUgksaus vius Hkwfe ds 0-125 ,dM+ esa cdjh QkeZ rFkk 0-125 ,dM+ esa lqvj QkeZ LFkkfir fd;kA o"kZ 2018 ds izkjEHk esa] mUgksaus vius Ñf"kxr O;olk; esa vkSj vf/kd fofo/krk ykrs gq, ,d eqxhZ QkeZ dk fuekZ.k fd;kA lq[kthr us iwjs oSKkfud rjhds ls bl QkeZ dk fuekZ.k fd;k vkSj czk;yj iztkfr ds 7500 pwtksa ds lkFk eqxhZ ikyu izkjEHk fd;kA vius czk;yj QkeZ dks izkjEHk djus ls igys mUgksaus Ñf"k foKku dsUnz] eulk ls izf'k{k.k izkIr fd;kA

vius 2 ,dM+ ds rkykc esa lq[kthr us 10 gtkj eNyh ds cPpksa dks mRikfnr fd;k

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 5

,dhdj.k i'kq/ku vkSj eNyh ikyu bdkbZ nksuksa cgqr NksVs Lrj ij fd;s tk jgs gSa] ijUrq lHkh ,d&nwljs ds Åij fuHkZj djrs gSaA ,d QkeZ ls izkIr dpjs dks nwljs QkeZ ds fy, ,d lalk/ku ds rkSj ij iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA nq/kk: tkuojksa ds xkscj o ew= ds lkFk cdjh vkSj lwvj ds ey dks Hkh eNyh ds rkykc esa cgk fn;k tkrk gSA og eNfy;ksa ds fy, vyx ls vkgkj dk mi;ksx ugha djrs vkSj tkuojksa ds 'ksM ls fudys vif'k"V eNfy;ksa dks Hkkstu vkSj eNyh rkykc ds fy, [kkn nksuksa miyC/k djkrs gSaA Ñf"kxr vif'k"Vksa ls cdfj;ksa rFkk jlksbZ ls fudys vif'k"Vksa ls lqvjksa dks Hkkstu fey tkrk gSA bu lHkh ds leUo;u ls tkuojkas dks f[kykus dh ykxr eas deh djus rFkk Ñf"k vFkZ'kkL= dks c<+kus esa lgk;rk feyhA

gksrh gS] muls lEidZ LFkkfir djrs gSaA viuh leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds ckn os vius vuqHkoksa dks vU; fdlkuksa ds lkFk lk>k djrs gSaA lq[kthr lks'ky ehfM;k ij Hkh cgqr lfØ; gSaA os fofo/khÑr Ñf"k m|ksxksa ds vius vuqHkoksa ,oa tkudkfj;ksa dks lk>k djus gsrq lks'ky ehfM;k dk

mRiknu vkSj LFkkbZRo ,d f'kf{kr vkSj dq'ky fdlku gksus ds ukrs] lq[kthr us vius QkeksZa dks ;kstukc) rjhds ls izcfU/kr fd;k gSA orZeku esa] mUgksaus vius rkykc esa yxHkx 10000 eNyh dss cPpksa dks Mkyk gSa vkSj o"kZ esa ,d ckj eNyh csprs gSaA mUgksaus vius lwvj QkeZ esa yktZ OgkbV ;kdZ'kk;j iztkfr ds lqvj ds 12 cPpksa ds lkFk 9 xHkZorh lqvj vkSj 2 uj lqvjksa dk ikyu fd;k gSA os fu;fer vUrjky ij vius QkeZ ls xHkZorh lqvjksa ,oa muds cPpksa dks csprs jgrs gSaA orZeku esa] muds ikl 65 cdfj;ka o 5 fgj.k gSaA mUgksaus rksrkijh] chVy] fljksgh] cjcjh vkSj dqN vU; LFkkuh; it z kfr;kas dh cdfj;kas dk ikyu fd;k gAS og vius cdjh QkeZ ls xHkZorh cdfj;ksa ,oa muds cPpksa dks csprs gSaA

lh[kuk ,oa fdlkuksa ds lkFk tqM+ko lq[kthr vius {ks= ds fdlkuksa ds lkFk cgqr ?kfu"Brk ls tqM+s gq, gSaA og u;s fdlkuksa dks i'kqikyu O;olk; dks viukus dh lykg nsrs gSa] izsfjr djrs gSa vkSj mUgsa vkUrfjd ,oa ckg~; tqM+koksa ls tqM+us esa Hkh lgk;rk iznku djrs gSaA lq[kthr Ñf"k foKku dsUnz ds fo"k; fo'ks"kK o iatkc d`f"k fo'ofo|ky; vkSj th0,0Mh0oh0,0,l0;w0 ds oSKkfudksa ds lkFk lEidZ esa gSa vkSj tc Hkh leL;k fofHkUu m|eksa ds chp lalk/kuksa ds iqupZØhdj.k ls u dsoy tkuojksa ds [kkus dh ykxr eas deh vkrh gS oju~ vkSj Ñf"k vFkZ'kkL= dks Hkh c<+kok feyrk gSA

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

Qly vif'k"Vksa dk mi;ksx dj cdfj;ksa dk Hkkstu [kpZ ?kVk;k iksYVªh QkeZ esa u;s vk;s pwts

mi;ksx djrs gSaA f'kf{kr gksus ds ukrs] os i=&if=dkvksa] osclkbVksa vkSj eksckby ,i ij i'kqikyu ls lEcfU/kr ys[kksa dks i<+rs vkSj nwljksa ds lkFk lk>k djrs jgrs gSaA os OgkV~l&vi vkSj Qslcqd lewgksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, i'kqikyu dks izksRlkfgr djus] fofHkUu fgrHkkfx;ksa ds lkFk tqM+ko LFkkfir djus vkSj dke djus okys vU; yksxksa ls vk/kqfud vH;klksa ds Åij tkudkjh ysus&nsus dk dke djrs gSaA lq[kthr eNyh ikyu] cdjh ikyu] lqvj ikyu vkSj eqxhZ ikyu ij lks'ky ehfM;k lewgksa dks lapkfyr djrs gSaA

Hkkoh ;kstuk lq[kthr u;s QkeksZa ds fuekZ.k vkSj iqjkus QkeksZa ds ejEer ds ek/;e ls vius QkeksZa dks foLrkj nsus dh ;kstuk cuk jgs gSaA xzke lHkk ds rkykc dks izkIr djus gsrq iapk;r esa Vs.Mj Mkyus dh Hkh mudh ;kstuk gS rkfd ogka Hkh eNyh ikyu izkjEHk dj ldsaA vkxs] mudh ;kstuk 4 ,dM+ esa eNyh rkykc cukus dh gS ftlds fy, mudk dguk gS fd eNyh ikyu ds fy, U;wure fuos'k dh vko';drk gS vkSj ;g ykHkizn O;olk; gSA

fu"d"kZ lq[kthr vius {ks= ds ,d lefiZr O;fDr vkSj lokZf/kd izxfr'khy fdlku gSaA os u dsoy viuh Ñf"kxr xfrfof/k;ksa esa fofo/krk j[krs gSa] oju~ bUgksaus bl rjhds ls ,dhdj.k fd;k gS fd ,d QkeZ ls mitk vif'k"V nwljs QkeZ ds fy, lalk/ku ds rkSj ij dke djrk gSA blls mRiknu dh ykxr de gksrh gSA lkFk gh] eRL; ikyu] cdjh ikyu] lqvj ikyu vkSj eqxhZikyu esa ,dhdj.k gksus ls [kk| lqj{kk ds lkFk gh iwjs o"kZ jkstxkj izkIr djus eas Hkh l{ke gSaA lq[kthr izxfr'khy fdlku la?k ds lnL; Hkh gSaA os fofo/khÑr vkSj LFkkbZ [ksrh dk ,d csgrj mnkgj.k izLrqr djrs gSaA og u dsoy vius fy, vkthfodk dk fuekZ.k djrs gSa] oju~ vius xkao ds vU; yksxksa ds fy, Hkh jkstxkj miyC/k djkrs gSaA LFkkbZ vkthfodk ds fy, ,dhÑr [ksrh viukdj os vius ns'k ds csjkstxkj ;qokvksa ds fy, vkn'kZ miyC/k djrs gSaA ¥×ÙÎèÂ çâ¢ãU °×ßè°ââè S·¤ æòÜÚU , ÂýâæÚU çàæÿææ çßÖæ» ¥æ§üâè°¥æÚU - §ç‡ÇU ØÙ ßðÅðU ÙÚU è çÚU â¿ü §‹SÅU è‘ØêÅU §”æÌÙ»ÚU , ÕÚðU Üè ©U žæÚU ÂýÎðàæ- wyx vww §ü-×ðÜ Ñamandeepsinghvet@gmail.com

Issues and Themes of LEISA INDIA Published in English 2002-2018 V.4, No. 1, 2002- Managing Livestock V.4, No. 2, 2002 - Rural Communication V.4, No. 3, 2002 - Recreating living soil V.4, No. 4, 2002 - Women in agriculture V.5, No. 1, 2003 - Farmers Field School V.5, No. 2, 2003 - Ways of water harvesting V.5, No. 3, 2003 - Access to resources V.5, No. 4, 2003 - Reversing Degradation V.6, No. 1, 2004 - Valuing crop diversity V.6, No. 2, 2004 - New generation of farmers V.6, No. 3, 2004 - Post harvest Management V.6, No. 4, 2004 - Farming with nature V.7, No. 1, 2005 - On Farm Energy V.7, No. 2, 2005 - More than Money V.7, No. 3, 2005 - Contribution of Small Animals V.7, No. 4, 2005 - Towards Policy Change V.8, No. 1, 2006 - Documentation for Change V.8, No. 2, 2006 - Changing Farming Practices V.8, No. 3, 2006 - Knowledge Building Processes V.8, No. 4, 2006 - Nurturing Ecological Processes V.9, No. 1, 2007 - Farmers Coming together V.9, No. 2, 2007 - Securing Seed Supply V.9, No. 3, 2007 - Healthy Produce, People and Environment V.9, No. 4, 2007 - Ecological Pest Management V.10, No. 1, 2008 -Towards Fairer Trade V.10. No. 2, 2008 - Living soils V.10, No. 3, 2008 - Farming and Social Inclusion V.10, No. 4, 2008 - Dealing with Climate Change V.11, No. 1, 2009 - Farming Diversity V.11, No. 2, 2009 - Farmers as Entrepreneurs V.11, No. 3, 2009 - Women and Food Sovereignty V.11, No. 4, 2009 - Scaling up and sustaining the gains V.12, No.1, 2010 - Livestock for sustainable livelihoods V.12, No.2, 2010 - Finance for farming V.12, No.3, 2010 - Managing water for sustainable farming V.13, No.1, 2011 - Youth in farming V.13, No.2, 2011 - Trees and farming V.13, No.3, 2011 - Regional Food System V.13, No.4, 2011 - Securing Land Rights V.14, No.1, 2012 - Insects as Allies V.14, No.2, 2012 - Greening the Economy V.14, No.3, 2012- Farmer Organisations V. 14, No.4, 2012- Combating Desertification V. 15, No.1, 2013- SRI: A scaling up success V. 15, No.2, 2013- Farmers and market V. 15, No.3, 2013- Education for change V. 15, No.4, 2013- Strengthening family farming V. 16, No. 1, 2014- Cultivating farm biodiversity V. 16, No. 2, 2014- Family farmers breaking out of poverty V. 16, No. 3, 2014- Family farmers and sustainable landscapes V. 16, No. 4, 2014- Family farming and nutrition V. 17, No. 1, 2015- Soils for life V. 17, No. 2, 2015- Rural-urban linkages V. 17, No. 3, 2015- Water-lifeline for livelihoods V. 17, No. 4, 2015- Women forging change V. 18, No. 1, 2016- Co-creation to knowledge V. 18, No. 2, 2016- Valuing underutilised crops V. 18, No. 3, 2016- Agroecology-Measurable and sustainable V. 18, No. 4, 2016- Stakeholders in agroecology V. 19, No. 1, 2017- Food Sovereignty V. 19, No. 2, 2017- Climate Change and Ecological appraches V. 19, No. 3, 2017- Ecological Livestock V. 19, No. 4, 2017- Millet Farming Systems V. 20, No. 1, 2018- Agroecological Value Chains V. 20, No. 2, 2018- Biological Crop Management V. 20, No. 3, 2018- Small Holders Farm Enterprises V. 20, No. 4, 2018- Agroecological Innovations Special Issue April 2018- Agroecology- A path towards SDGs

Biological Crop Management

LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.2, June 2018

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 7

çßçßÏ æðÌè

ÀUæðÅðU °ß¢ âè×æ‹Ì ç·¤âæÙæð´ ·¤è ¥æÁ ·¤è ¥æßàØ·¤Ìæ °×.°Ù. ·é¤ Ü·¤ ‡æèü °ß¢U ÅU è. âéÚðU àæ tyok;q ifjorZu ds izHkko NksVs ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa ds thou dks vkSj vf/kd d"Vdkjh cuk jgs gSaA fo'ks"kdj mudh vkthfodk vR;f/kd tksf[ke esa gSA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Ñf"k esa LFkkbZRo ykus ds fy, fofo/khÑr [ksrh ,dek= vk'kk dh fdj.k gSA bls mijkgYyh xk¡o ds mnkgj.k }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA mijkgYyh xkao rqedqj ftyk ds fpDdkuk;dugYyh rkyqd dk ,d NksVk lk xk¡o gS] ftlesa 140 ifjokj jgrs gSaA lHkh ifjokjksa dh vkthfodk dk izeq[k lzksr [ksrh gSA ;gka jgus okys yksx 80 izfr”kr lhekUr rFkk 20 izfr”kr y?kq fdlku oxZ esa vkrs gSA gkykafd ukfj;y dh [ksrh bl rkyqdk dh O;kikfjd Qly gS] ijUrq orZeku esa ukfj;y dh Qlyksa esa fofHkUu rjg ds dhV ,oa jksx yxus ds dkj.k fdlkuksa us bldh [ksrh NksM+dj lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh djuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA

lCth dh [ksrh xkao ds 50&60 fdlku VekVj] fHk.Mh] rjksbZ] fppaMk] lse] iRrsnkj lfCt+;k¡ ,oa fepZ vkfn lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh djus dh xfrfof/k;ksa esa “kkfey gSA tehu dh miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij fdlku 5 xqaVk ls ysdj vk/kk ,dM+ {ks= rd esa lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh dj jgs gSaA ftu fdlkuksa ds ikl ikuh dh O;oLFkk gS] os ,d ,dM+ esa Hkh lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh dj jgs gSaA

vius [ksr dks ns[kus vk;s yksxksa ds lkFk o`{k vk/kkfjr [ksrh ds vius vuqHkoksa dks lk>k djrs Jh fuaxb;k

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

,d lCt+h mRiknd Jh jaxbZ;k dk dguk gS ^^ge o"kkZ ds ekSle esa Å¡ph tehu ij rFkk xfeZ;ksa esa ukfj;y ds ckxkuksa esa lfCt;ksa dh [ksrh djrs gSaA lfCt+;ka mxkus ds fy, vU; LFkkuksa dh rqyuk esa ukfj;y ds ckxkuksa esa ikuh dh vko”;drk de gksrh gSA bl izdkj miyC/k lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx djrs gq, ge lfCt+;ka Hkh izkIr dj ysrs gSa lkFk gh ukfj;y dks ckxkuksa dk izcU/ku Hkh gks tkrk gSA vke rkSj ij ikuh dh miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij fdlku pkj ls ik¡p izdkj dh lfCt+;k¡ tSls& VekVj] lse] fppUMk] djSyk] rjksbZ vkfn mxkrs gSaA bl izdkj lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh esa vf/kd fofo/krk jgus ls mudh vkthfodk ,oa [kk| tksf[ke de gksrk gSA blds lkFk gh fdlkukas us tSfod Ñf"k i)fr dks Hkh viuk;k gSA o"kZ 2011 ls 2013 ds chp tc muds xk¡o esa Ñf"k foHkkx] dukZVd ljdkj }kjk ,d tSfod Ñf"k ifj;kstuk pykbZ x;h] ml le; mUgksaus [ksrh djus ds Ñf"k&ikfjfLFkfrdh rjhds dks ns[kk o le>kA fdlkuksa us oehZ dEiksLV dk bLrseky djds jlk;fud moZjdksa ds mi;ksx esa 50 izfr”kr rd deh dhA cgqr ls fdlku dhVksa ,oa chekfj;ksa ds izcU/ku ds fy, ikS/kksa ls rS;kj dhVuk'kdksa dk mi;ksx djrs gSaA ifj.kker% jlk;fud moZjdksa ,oa dhVuk'kdksa ds iz;ksx dks de djds fdlku vkSlru :0 2500&3000-00 dh cpr djus esa l{ke gks jgs gSaA

jaxbZ;k ,d y?kq fdlku gSaA igys og vius miHkksx ds fy, cktjk] yksfc;k] ewax vkSj ÅnZ mxkrs FksA ijUrq dqN o"kksZa igys bUgksaus lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh djuk izkjEHk fd;kA jaxbZ;k dh vkenuh dks ns[kdj vU; nwljs fdlkuksa us Hkh /khjs&/khjs lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh djuk izkjEHk dj fn;kA jaxbZ;k us lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh essa ,dhÑr iks"k.k izcU/ku dks viuk;kA ;s cM+h ek=k esa [ksrksa ls fudys vif'k"Vksa ls rS;kj [kkn dks vius [ksrksa esa Mkyrs gSaA ;s oehZ dEiksLV dks flapkbZ ds ikuh esa feykdj mi;ksx djrs gSaA bUgksaus flapkbZ dh Vid i)fr dks Hkh viuk;k gSA ,d yhVj xkS ew= esa 10 yhVj ikuh feykdj rjy [kkn Hkh rS;kj fd;k gS] ftls os ,d fu;fer vUrjky ij lfCt+;ksa ij fNM+drs gSaA

bl lky mUgksaus vius 5 xq.Vk [ksr esa fpfp.Mk] 2 xq.Vk esa djsyk] 2 xq.Vk esa fepZ ,oa 10 xq.Vk esa lse dh [ksrh dhA fpfp.Mk dk mRiknu “kq# gks x;k gS vkSj ek= ,d ekg esa gh mUgkasus 1 Vu dh fcØh djds dqy 20]000-00 #i;s dek;k gSA vU; Qlyksa dh iSnkokj vHkh “ks"k gSA fiNys o"kZ jaxbZ;k us fpfp.Mk ls 60]000-00 #i;k] djSyk ls 24]000-00 #i;k vkSj lse ls 45]000-00 #i;s dh vkenuh izkIr dhA blds vykok] Qlyksa ,oa ukfj;y ds ckxku ls Hkh mUgsa vkenuh gks tkrh gSA lCt+h mRiknu ls csgrj vk; izkIr djrs f'koUuk tSls fdlku

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 9

gS] tcfd nky dh mit bruh gksrh gS fd ge vkjke ls vius ifjokj dh [kkus dh t:jrsa iwjk dj ysaA gekjs xk¡o dks vPNh xq.koÙkk okyh lfCt;ksa ds fy, tkuk tkrk gSA**

Ms;jh esa ,dhdj.k

tSfod ifÙk;ksa o vif'k"Vksa dk mi;ksx dj vius [ksr ij rjy [kkn rS;kj djrs Jh jaxb;k

lfCt+;ksa dks xk¡o ds utnhd fLFkr “kgj gqfy;kj] lh0,0 gkyh vkSj ds0ch0 Økl ds cktkj esa csprs gSaA igys os izkbosV cl ds ek/;e ls lfCt+;ksa dks ys tkrs Fks] ijUrq vc ifjogu dh lqfo/kk muds vius xkao mijkgYyh esa gh miyC/k gSA fdlku lfCt+;ksa dks vkWVks ls Hkh ys tkrs gSaA os ,d&,d djds cktkj esa tkrs gSa vkSj lkefxz;ksa dks fcpkSfy;ksa dks csp nsrs gSaA lHkh lkefxz;ksa esa ls os flQZ VekVjksa dh gh xzsfMax djus ds ckn mls csprs gSaA jaxbZ;k dk dguk gS ^^xzsfMax fd;s tkus dh otg ls VekVj ds ,d ckDl ls ge 50 :0 vfrfjDr izkIr djrs gSaA** tcfd lse dh fcØh lkewfgd #i ls dh tkrh gSA lht+u ds nkSjku gqfy;kj cktkj esa ,d Vu lCt+h dh jkstkuk [kir gksrh gSA mijkgYyh xkao ls vk;h lfCt+;ka ns[kus esa vkd"kZd gksrh gSa vkSj cktkj esa budh ekax Hkh vf/kd gksrh gSA bl dkj.k miHkksDrk buds nke dks ysdj T;knk eksy&Hkko Hkh ugha djrs gSaA vkSlru] ,d lCth mRiknd izfr lIrkg :0 4000-00 ls :0 5000-00 rd dh vk; vftZr djrk gS tcfd [ksrh dh ykxr ,oa ifjogu vkfn ij iM+us okys [kpksZa dks tksM+dj vkSlru :0 1500-00 dk gh [kpZ vkrk gSA lfCt+;ka ,oa vukt mxkus okys fdlku fFkEeS;k dgrs gSa ^^gekjs xk¡o esa lHkh ifjokjksa ds ikl nks ls ysdj ik¡p ,dM+ rd viuh tehu gSA Å¡ph tehu ij cktjk mxkrs gSaA tcfd ÅnZ] ewax] yksfc;k] puk vkfn dh cktjs ds lkFk fefJr [ksrh djrs gSaA lkekU; o"kkZ dh fLFkfr esa gesa izfr ,dM+ 6&8 dqUry cktjk dh mit izkIr gksrh

;g cM+h vPNh ckr gS fd vf/kdka”kr% lCth mRikndksa us 2&3 eos”kh Hkh iky j[ks gSaA Ms;jh ifj;kstuk ds rgr~ nq/kk: tkuojksa dks [kjhnus ds fy, xkao esa 90 fdlkuksa dks vkaf'kd lg;ksx iznku fd;k x;k gSA ck,Q] bULVhP;wV QkWj lLVsuscqy ykboyhgqM ,.M Msoyies.V] frirqj us tSfod [ksrh xfrfof/k;ksa dks viukus esa leqnk; dh enn dh gSA ifj.kker% nqX/k mRiknu esa o`f) gqbZ gSA ;s fdlku izfrfnu yxHkx 8&10 yhVj nw/k csp nsrs gSaA mijkgYyh xkao esa ,d futh nqX/k laxzg dsUnz Hkh LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA

iqu% pØhdj.k lalk/ku xkao ds fdlku ,d m|e ls nwljs m|e ds fy, lalk/kuksa dks iqu% pfØr djrs jgrs gSaA i”kqvksa ds fy, pkjk tSls& cktjk] Tokj] lubZ vkfn dks mxkrs gaS vkSj cnysa esa tkuojksa ls izkIr xkscj dk iqu% pØhdj.k djds dEiksLV rS;kj djrs gSa tks okil [ksr esa tkrk gSA blds lkFk gh dqN fdlkuksa }kjk xkn dk Hkh bLrseky vius [ksrksa esa fd;k tkrk gSA blls fdlkuksa dks vius [ksrkas esa jlk;fud [kknksa dk de iz;ksx djus esa lgk;rk feyrh gSA ?kj&[ksr&?kkjh ds bl iwjs ra= ls dsoy nw/k gh ckgj tkrk gSA blfy, ?kj&[ksr&?kkjh dk ,d lEiw.kZ pØ ge ns[k ldrs gSa] tgka ij ,d m|e nwljs m|e ds fy, fuo'sk inzku djrk gS vkjS lHkh ,d&nl w js ij fuHkjZ jgrs gAaS

fu"d"kZ 140 ?kjksa okys mijkgYyh xk¡o ds 50&60 ifjokjksa us ifjokj ds fy, vk; vkSj iks"k.k dks lqfuf'pr djrs gq, fofo/k m|eksa dks viuk;k gSA fofo/k m|eksa tSls& lCth dh [ksrh ,oa nqX/k mRiknu ds lkFk fofo/khÑr [ksrh ls fdlkuksa dh vk; lqfuf'pr gqbZ gSA tyok;q ifjorZu ds cnyrs ifjn`'; esa] fofo/khÑr [ksrh ls u dsoy tksf[ke dks de djus esa enn feyrh gS] oju~ vk; esa LFkkbZRo ds lkFk gh vkthfodk ds cgqr ls fodYi Hkh lkeus vk;s gSaA °×.°Ù. ·é¤ Ü·¤ ‡æèü Õæ°È¤ ·¤ æØæüÜØ, ·é¤ âé×Ù»ÚU ·ð¤ Üæ»ðÚU è ×æ»ü, ÏæÚU ßæÇ¸U - z}®®®} §ü-×ðÜ Ñmnkulkarni65@gmail.com Small Holders Farm Enterprises LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.3,Sept 2018

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

ç·¤âæÙ ÇUæØÚU ç·¤âæÙ ÇUèæØÚUè

ÂæçÚUçSÍçÌ·¤ æðÌè ¥æ»ð ·¤æ ÚUæSÌæ ãñU rfeyukMq ds isUukxzke rkyqdk ds euxjkbZ xk¡o esa jgus okyh bUnkz.kh ,d y?kq fdlku gAaS buds ikl ek= ,d ,dM+ vflafpr tehu gS ftl ij og dHkh&dHkh ewaxQyh vkSj /kku dh [ksrh dj ysrh Fkha] ijUrq [ksrh ds csgrj vH;klksa dks lh[kus ds ifzr cgrq mRld q ugha FkhaA [krsh ds fuo'sk tl S & s [kkn] cht] dhVuk'kd vkfn ds fy, LFkkuh; nqdkunkjksa ij Hkjkslk djrh Fkha vkSj mUgha dh lykg ij Qlyksa esa jlk;fud moZjdksa dk iz;ksx djrh FkhaA bUnzk.kh u dsoy Lo;a lgk;rk lewg dh lnL; gSa] oju~ pkj lewgksa dh ns[k&js[k Hkh djrh gSaA ,d Lo;alsoh laxBu ek;jkMk }kjk bu lHkh lewgksa dk xBu 12 o"kZ iwoZ fd;k x;k FkkA ,fuesVj lg funs'kd gksus ds dkj.k bUnzk.kh izR;sd ekg ek;jkMk dh funs'kd e.My dh cSBd esa Hkkx ysrh gSaA blh rjg dh ,d cSBd esa ek;jkMk ds izcU/kd us ikl ds xkaoksa eas dke djus okyh ,d Lo;alsoh laxBu ,0,e0bZ0 Qkm.Ms'ku }kjk vk;ksftr fd;s tkus okys fdlku fo|ky;ksa ds ckjs esa crk;kA ogka tkdj bUnzk.kh us igyh ckj [ksrh djus ds i;kZoj.k&lEer rjhdksa dks lh[kkA o"kZ 2015 esa] tc ,0,e0bZ0 us Ñf"k dh ikfjfLFkfrdh iz.kkyh dks viukus esa fdlkuksa dh lgk;rk djus gsrq xkao esa dke djuk izkjEHk fd;k] rc bUnzk.kh igyh efgyk Fkh] tks fujUrj lfØ; jgha vkSj fdlku fo|ky; lewgksa dks xfBr djus dk dke fd;kA mUgksaus lHkh fdlku fo|ky; l=ksa esa Hkkx fy;k vkSj ikfjfLFkfrdh Ñf"k ij vius Kku ,oa tkudkfj;ksa dks le`) fd;kA /khjs&/khjs og vius [ksrh ls lEcfU/kr leL;kvksa dks le>us vkSj mlds leqfpr funku djus dh fn'kk esa ikjaxr gksrh x;haA mUgksaus okuLifrd dhVuk'kdksa dk mi;ksx djuk izkjEHk dj fn;k] pw"kd dhVksa dks vkdf"kZr djus gsrq vius [ksr esa ihys fpifpis tky yxk;sA [kj&irokj dks fu;fU=r djus gsrq ewaxQyh ls igys lubZ dks mxk;k vkSj jlk;fud moZjdksa ds LFkku ij tSo moZjdksa dk mi;ksx fd;k vkSj ik;k fd mldh ykxr dkQh de gSA bUnzk.kh dgrh gSa& ^^vc eS ,u,ldsbZ] okuLifrd dhVuk'kd ,oa ihyk fpifpik tky Lo;a rS;kj dj jgh gwaA eSaus jlk;fud dhVuk'kdksa dk iz;ksx iwjh rjg cUn dj fn;kA igys jlk;fud

Jherh bUnzk.kh us vius [ksr esa ikfjfLFkfrdh xfrfof/k;ksa dks viuk;k

moZjdksa] dhVuk'kdksa] [kj&irokj uk'kdksa vkfn dks [kjhnus ij esjk :0 8&10 gtkj O;; gks tkrk Fkk] ysfdu vc oSdfYid rjhdksa dks viukus dh otg ls ek= :0 4000@& gh [kpZ gksrk gSA bl izdkj vc eSa izfr ,dM+ :0 3000&4000@& dh cpr dj jgh gwaA okLro esa] o"kZ 2016 esa tc rhoz lw[kk iM+k Fkk] ml le; bu xfrfof/k;ksa dh otg ls gh og viuh Qlyksa dks cpk ikbZA la{ksi esa] e`nk esa thok'e rRoksa dks c<+kus ds fy, lu mxkdj mldh le; ls igys tqrkbZ dh x;hA tSo rRoksa ls Hkjiwj ?kj ij rS;kj [kkn dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k vkSj ty /kkj.k {kerk dks mUur cukus ds fy, <yku dh [ksrh dks viuk;k x;kA bUnzk.kh dk dguk gS&^^tc vU; fdlkuksa ds [ksrksa esa ewaxQyh dh Qly Qwy o Qy vkus dh voLFkk esa ueh dh deh ls tw> jgh Fkh] ml le; esjh ewaxQyh dh [ksrh cgqr vPNh Fkh vkSj geus ewaxQyh dh 50&60 izfr'kr rd mit izkIr dhA orZeku esa] bUnzk.kh ,d [kq'kgky fdlku gSa] tks ewaxQyh] lubZ] jkxh vkfn Qlyksa dh [ksrh ikfjfLFkfrdh i)fr ls djrh gSaA i;kZoj.k&lEer rjhds ls [ksrh djrs gq, ;s rhu Lo;a lgk;rk lewgkas ds lnL;ksa dks tkx:d dj jgh gSaA og xzke lHkk vkSj iapk;r Lrj ij vk;ksftr gksus okyh cSBdksa esa Hkh vius vuqHkoksa dks lk>k djrh gSaA bUnzk.kh iwjs vkRefo'okl ds lkFk dgrh gSa& vxj ge vius xkao esa lHkh izdkj dh tehuksa tSls& lw[kk] ue ,oa cxhps okyh tehuksa ij ikfjfLFkfrdh Ñf"k ds rjhdksa dks viuk dj [ksrh djsa rks fuf'pr rkSj ij igys tSlk tSfod o LoLF; okrkoj.k iqu% izkIr dj ldrs gSaA vf/kd tkudkjh ds fy, lqJh bUnzk.kh ls lEidZ ua0 9943316249 ij lEidZ fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl ys[k dks ,-,e-bZ- Qkm.Ms'ku ds ts- Ñ".ku us rS;kj fd;k gS muls bZesy krish72 oxigen@gmail.com ij lEidZ fd;k tk ldrk gSA Small Holder Farm Enterprises

LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.3, September 2018

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 11

¥çÖÙß ÕæÁæÚU Ì¢˜æ Õæ¢·ð¤ çÕãU æÚU è, Ü¹Ù çâ¢ãU , ÚU æÁðàæ çßàÙæð§ü °ß¢ âéÚðU àæ ·é¤ ×æÚU ns'k ds nwjLFk igkM+h {ks=ksa esa jgus okys NksVh tksr /kkjdksa dh igq¡p vHkh Hkh cktkj rd u gks ikus ds dkj.k os vius mRiknksa dks vPNs nkeksa ij ugha csp ikrsA mÙkjk[k.M izns'k ds nsgjknwu ftys esa pdjkrk {ks= ds lqnwj igkM+h {ks= ds fdlkuksa us ,d vf}rh; LFkkuh; foi.ku ra= dks fodflr fd;k gS] tks lQy ,oa LFkkbZ gSA mÙkjk[k.M dh igkfM+;ksa esa yxHkx 80 izfr”kr ls vf/kd fdlku leqnk; lhekUr ,oa NksVh tksr ds gSaA ;gka ds dqy HkkSxksfyd {ks= ds 12 izfr”kr Hkw&Hkkx ij gh [ksrh laHko gS vkSj blesa Hkh vk/kh ls vf/kd Hkwfe o"kkZ ty ds Åij fuHkZj djrh gSA igkM+h [ksrh ds le{k csekSle o"kkZ ,oa o"kkZ dk vleku forj.k ,d cM+h pqukSrh gSA ,slh

fLFkfr esa lnhZ ,oa xehZ nksuksa ekSle esa ikuh dh miyC/krk dh xaHkhj leL;k jgrh gSA ek= NksVs fLizaXl ds ek/;e ls gh ikuh miyC/k gks ikrk gSA bUgha NksVs lzksrksa ls izkIr ikuh dk mi;ksx ?kjsyw dk;ksZa ds lkFk gh [ksrksa esa flapkbZ ds fy, Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA lfCt+;ksa ds foi.ku gsrq eky okgd okguksa dk mi;ksx

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

tyok;qfod ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds o"kZ Hkj vuqdwy jgus dh fLFkfr esa fdlku vius lhfer lalk/kuksa esa csekSleh lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh Hkh djrs gSaA izk;% os gjh lfCt+;ka tSls& VekVj] f'keyk fepZ] gjh fepZ] fHk.Mh ,oa iÙksnkj lfCT+k;kas dks FkksM+h ek=k esa vFkkZr~ 5&10 fdxzk0 mxkrs gSaA tcfd vU; lfCt+;ka tSls& vkyw] vnjd] vjoh] gjk eVj] ykSdh] dksagM+k] ewyh vkSj xktj vkfn dks 20&100 fdxzk0 rd mxkrs gSaA igkM+h {ks=ksa esa bu mRiknksa dks fcØh ds fy, LFkkuh; cktkj rd igq¡pkuk cM+k eqf”dy ,oa egaxk gksrk gSA blfy, fdlku LFkkuh; Lrj ij de ewY;ksa ij gh lfCt;ksa dh fcØh dj nsrs gSa] ftlls mUgsa de ykHk feyrk gSA cgqr ckj] lqnwj igkM+h {ks=ksa esa rks LFkkuh; cktkj Hkh ugha miyC/k gksrs gSaA bu dfBu fLFkfr;ksa ds dkj.k] fdlku cM+s Lrj ij O;kikfjd [ksrh djus ds fy, ugha lksp ikrs gSaA mÙkjk[k.M esa nsgjknwu ds tkSulkj ,oa fgekpy izns'k ds fljekSj ds vkl&ikl ds {ks=ksa ds lEiUu fdlku ,oa muds ifjokj ds lnL; ;k xk¡o ihf<+;ksa ls fudV ds cktkjksa esa Fkksd foØsrk ds :i esa tkus tkrs gSaA bUgsa vPNh rjg ls tkuus ds dkj.k fdlku vius [ksrksa ls mRiUu mRiknksa dks budks csprs gSa] vkSj ;fn vko';d gqvk rks vius [ksr ds fy, fuos'k Hkh [kjhnrs gSaA blds lkFk gh ;fn fdlh izdkj dh vko';drk iM+ x;h rks ;s mu lEiUu fdlkuksa ls iSls Hkh m/kkj ysrs gSaA igys xk¡o vfHkuo cktkj ra= gsrq eky okgd okgu pkyd ,d mRizsjd ds :i esa

igkM+h {ks=ksa esa cktkjksa rd de igq¡p gksus ds dkj.k fdlku O;olk; ds :i esa lfCt+;ksa dh [ksrh djus esa :fp ugha j[krsA dh lM+dsa [kjkc gksus ds dkj.k fdlku vius mRiknksa dks xkao ls cktkj ys tkus gsrq x/kksa dk mi;ksx djrs FksA xkao ds yksxksa dks viuh NksVh ls NksVh vko';drk dks Hkh iwjk djus ds fy, cgqr nwj rd py dj tkuk iM+rk Fkk] rc tkdj cktkj igq¡prs FksA ,slh fLFkfr esa NksVs ,oa lhekUr fdlkuksa ds fy, vius [ksr ls rS;kj mRiknksa dh fcØh ,d nwj dk liuk FkkA fiNys 20&25 o"kksZa esa] {ks= ds lHkh xk¡oksa eas igq¡pus gsrq vPNh lM+dsa cu tkus ls izfrfnu nks ls rhu okgu xkao rd vkrs&tkrs gSaA nsgjknwu] mÙkjk[k.M ds lfg;k] fodkluxj vkSj fgekpy izns'k ds ukgu esa fLFkr ef.M;ksa esa izfrfnu lkeku <ksus okys vkSlru 160&170 okgu vkrs&tkrs gSaA ;s xk¡o ls lqcg tkrs gSa vkSj eky cspdj nksigj rd xk¡o okil vk tkrs gSaA bu okguksa ds vk tkus ls fdlkuksa dh cktkj rd tkus dh xfr'khyrk esa mYys[kuh; o`f) gqbZ gSA

uohu@vfHkuo cktkj ra= csgrj ifjogu ,oa lapkj gksus ls fdlkuksa us bu <qykbZ okguksa dk mi;ksx dj viuh lfCt+;ksa dks foi.ku gsrq e.Mh rd ys tkus dk fopkj cuk;kA bl gsrq bUgksaus fuEu izfØ;k dks viuk;k lcls igys fdlku e.Mh esa Fkksd foØsrk dks Qksu djds vyx&vyx lfCt;ksa ds cktkj Hkko dk irk yxkrs gSaA cktkj esa lfCt+;ksa ds nke irk pyus ds ckn os mlh ds vuq l kj lfCt+ ; ks a dh dVkbZ@rqM+kbZ dj mls cspus gsrq ys tkrs gSaA dVkbZ@rqM+kbZ ds ckn os lfCt+;ksa dks fofHkUu vkdkj ds FkSyksa esa iSd dj nsrs gSa] ijUrq ,d dqUry ls vf/kd dk cksjk ugha rS;kj djrsA lfCt+;ksa dk FkSyk rS;kj djus ds mijkUr izR;sd FkSys ij fdlku dk uke vkSj ftl Fkksd foØsrk dks lCt+h nsuh

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 13

ÕæÁæÚU Ì¢˜æ ç·¤ âæÙæð´ mæÚU æ Íæð·¤ ÃØæÂæçÚU Øæð´ âð È¤ æðÙ ÂÚU ÕæÁæÚU Öæß ÂÌæ ·¤ ÚU Ùæ

ÕæÁæÚU Öæß ·ð¤ ¥ÙéâæÚU âçŽÊæØæð´ ·¤ è ÌéÇ¸U æ§ü cktkj esa Fkksd O;kikfj;ksa }kjk mRiknksa dk otu djuk vkSj jlhn nsuk

gS] nksuksa ds uke fy[kdj iphZ fpidk nsrs gSaA ftl fdlku ds lcls vf/kd FkSys@cksfj;ka gksaxh] og vius lkekuksa ds lkFk <qykbZ okgu ls e.Mh Hkh tkrk gSA ftlds ikl de FkSys gksrs gSa] os mls okgu pkyd dks lkSai nsrs gSaA okgu pkyd e.Mh esa igq¡pdj Fkksd O;kikjh dks FkSys nsrk gS vkSj mldk otu djkdj izkfIr jlhn ys ysrk gS ftl ij mRikn dh ek=k vkSj pkyd dks fn;k x;k iSlk nksuksa vafdr gksrs gSaA okgu pkyd vius xk¡o esa igq¡pdj lEcfU/kr fdlku dks mldk ipkZ vkSj iSlk ns nsrk gSA og bl dke ds fy, fdlku ls dqN 'kqYd Hkh ysrk gSA 20 fdxzk0 ls de dh lkexzh gksus ij pkyd mldk dksbZ 'kqYd ugha ysrk gSA fdlku viuh leLr izkfIr jlhnksa dks laHkkydj j[krk gS vkSj lIrkg esa ,d ckj vFkok ekg esa ,d ckj e.Mh tkdj Fkksd foØsrk ls viuk lkjk cdk;k izkIr dj ysrk gSA

ÂçÚU ßãU Ù ãðU Ìé âçŽÁ¸Øæð´ ·¤ è Âñ·ð¤ çÊæ»

ßæãU Ù ¿æÜ·¤ æð´ ·¤ æð âçŽÁ¸Øæð´ ·ð¤ Õñ» ·¤ æð âæñ¢ÂÙæ

Íæð·¤ ÃØæÂæçÚU U Øæð´ mæÚU æ ßæãU Ù ¿æÜ·¤ ·¤ æð ßÁÙ ¥æñÚU çÎØð ÁæÙð ßæÜð Âñâð ·¤ è ÚU âèÎ ÎðÙæ »æ¡ß Âãé¢U ¿Ùð ÂÚU ¿æÜ·¤ mæÚU æ â Õç‹ÏÌ ç·¤ âæÙæð¢ ·¤ æð ÚU âèÎ âæñ¢ÂÙæ âŒÌæãU / ×ãU èÙð ×ð´ °·¤ ÕæÚU Áæ·¤ ÚU ç·¤ âæÙæð´ mæÚU æ ‰ææð·¤ ÃØæÂæçÚU Øæð´ âð ¥ÂÙð Âñâð °·¤ ˜æ ·¤ ÚU Ùæ

;fn vko';drk gksrh gS] rks okgu pkyd fdlkuksa dh ?kjsyw vko';drk dh NksVh&NksVh oLrq,a Hkh cktkj ls yk nsrk gSA NksVs lkekuksa ds fy, fdlkuksa dks dksbZ Hkh vfrfjDr Hkqxrku djus dh vko';drk ugha gksrh] ijUrq

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

eky okgd okguksa ds otg ls fdlkuksa dh xfr'khfyrk vkSj cktkj ls tqM+ko c<+k

cM+s lkekuksa ds fy, mUgsa <qykbZ 'kqYd nsuk iM+rk gSA okLro esa] lqnwj igkM+h {ks=ksa esa jgus okys fdlkuksa ds fy, ;g vfHkuo iz;kl ,d ojnku ds :i esa gSA fdlku fcuk cktkj vkSj e.Mh tk;s gh vius dk;Z dks vklkuh ls iwjk dj ys jgk gS vkSj mlds le; o iSlk lHkh dh cpr Hkh gks jgh gSA

fu"d"kZ igkM+h {ks=ksa ds fdlkuksa ds fy, ;g uohu cktkj ra= ,d ojnku ds #i esa gSA bl ra= us fdlkuksa ds cktkj tkus ds le; ,oa [kpZ nksuksa dks cpk;k gSA blds lkFk gh vkus&tkus dk [kpZ Hkh cpk gSA bl ra= dh lcls cM+h [kkfl;r rks ;g gS fd blus cM+s fdlkuksa ds lkFk gh y?kq ,oa lhekUr lalk/ku foghu fdlkuksa ds NksVs&NksVs mRiknksa dks Hkh cktkj miyC/k djk;k gSA fcuk fdlh fof'k"V rduhd ds] ;g ra= fdlkuksa] okgu pkydksa ,oa Fkksd foØsrkvksa ds vkilh fo'okl ij lQyrkiwoZd lapkfyr gks jgk gSA ;g le; ,slh gh uohu izFkkvksa dks

ns[kus dk gS] ftlls fdlkuksa dk thou Hkh vklku cuk jgs vkSj mUgsa csgrj ikfjJfed Hkh feysA Õæ¢·ð¤ ¤ çÕãU ÚU è Âý×é¹ ßñ™ææçÙ·¤ (·ë¤ çcæ ÂýâæÚ) °ß¢ ¥æ§ü/âè Âý×é¹ (°¿¥æÚU ÇU è °ß¢ °â°â) §ü-×ðÜ Ñ biharibankey_bankey@yahoo.co.in ÚU æÁðàæ çßàÙæð§ü ßñ™ææçÙ·¤ (·ë¤ çcæ ÂýâæÚ) §ü-×ðÜ Ñrajesh3017@gmail.com âéÚðU àæ ·é¤ ×æÚU °âèÅU è¥æð (·ë¤ çcæ ÂýâæÚ) ¥æ§üâè°¥æÚU - ×ëÎæ °ß¢ ÁÜ â¢ÚU ÿæ‡æ ãðU Ìé ÖæÚU ÌèØ â¢SÍæÙ wv}- ·¤ æñÜæ»É¸U ×æ»ü, ÎðãU ÚU æÎêÙ (©U žæÚU æ¹‡ÇU ) §ü-×ðÜ Ñsureshiiswc@gmail.com Ü¹Ù çâ¢ãU çÙÎðàæ·¤ , ¥æ§üâè°¥æÚU - °ÅU è°¥æÚU ¥æ§ü, Âé‡æð §ü-×ðÜ Ñlakhanextn@gmail.com Agroecological Innovations

LEISA INDIA, Vol. 20, No.4, Dec 2018

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 15

Áñçß·¤ È¤âÜ ÂýÕ‹ÏÙ ·ð¤ ×æŠØ× âð ÕãéU ÜæÖ Âýæ# ·¤ÚUÙæ ÅU è. °×. ÚU æÏæ °ß¢ Áð. ·ë¤ c‡æÙU i;kZoj.k lEer Ñf"kxr xfrfof/k;ksa dks viukus vkSj Qly esa tSo fofo/krk c<+kus ls e`nk moZjrk] dhV izcU/ku] Qly mit] ykxr ,oa ykHk vkSj i;kZoj.k lEcU/kh cgqr ls Qk;ns gksrs gSaA lcls egRoiw.kZ rks ;g gS fd blls [ksrh esa LFkkbZRo cuk jgrk gS] vkinkvksa ls fuiVus dh rkdr vkrh gS vkSj fdlku vkRe fuHkZj gksrs gSaA bl jkLrs dks isUukxzke ds fdlkuksa us fn[kk;k gSA

rfeyukMq jkT; ds /kekZiqjh tuin dk 80 izfr”kr {ks= “kq"d Ñf"k ds vUrxZr vkPNkfnr gSA /kekZiqjh tuin ds 8 fodkl [k.Mksa esa isUukxzke fodkl[k.M dh 33 xzke iapk;rsa vfr fiNM+h gSaA isUukxzke {ks= dh feV~Vh cyqbZ yky o Hkwfe esa ukbZVªkstu o QkLQksjl dh ek=k U;wu gSA “kq"d {ks= esa fdlku eksVk [kk|kUu o nkyksa tSls&puk] eMqvk] cktjk dh [ksrh djrs gSaA bl {ks= ds fdlkuksa dks vle; o vfu;fer o"kkZ dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA e`nk o ty {kj.k ds dkj.k Hkw&ty Lrj uhps tk jgk gSA lkFk gh vuqfpr Ñf"k xfrfof/k;ksa tSls& ,dy Qly] jlk;u dk vR;f/kd o vlarqfyr mi;ksx] l?ku Qly i)fr vkfn ds QyLo#i [krsh vLFkkbZ gks xbZ gAS 2011&12 ls isUukxzke fodkl [k.M esa ,0,e0bZ0 QkmUMs”ku uked fodkl laxBu us fdlkuksa ds lkFk [ksrh ij dke djuk izkjEHk

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

fd;kA bl laLFkk ds dk;Z djus dk eq[; mn~ns”; fdlkuksa dks tSfod i;kZoj.k lEer Ñf"kxr xfrfof/k;ksa ds ek/;e ls l”kDr Ñf"k i)fr dks viukus grsq ikzRslkfgr djuk FkkA

,d igy 2011&12 esa laLFkk us ek= 5 xk¡oksa esa dk;Z djuk vkjEHk fd;k] ftldk foLrkj o"kZ 2016&17 ds vUr rd 25 xkaoksa esa gks x;kA lcls igys laLFkk us lHkh xk¡oksa esa leqnk;] iapk;r izfrfuf/k;ksa o vU; LFkkuh; usrkvksa ds lkFk cSBd dj laLFkk }kjk fd, tkus okys dk;ksZa o mn~ns”;ksa ds ckjs esa foLr`r #i ls ppkZ dh vkSj mn~ns';ksa dh izkfIr gsrq lg;ksx dh vis{kk dh x;hA lHkh xk¡oksa esa lgHkkxh xzkeh.k vkdyu ¼ih0vkj0,0½ ds fofHkUu fof/k;ksa o rduhdksa dk mi;ksx dj xk¡o] xk¡o ds yksxksa o mudh fLFkfr] mudh vkthfodk] muds le{k vkus

djds lh[kuk

tSo moZjdksa ls ewaxQyh cht dk mipkj

okyh pqukSfr;ksa rFkk lhekvksa ls lEcfU/kr tkudkjh izkIr dj mudk vkdyu fd;k x;kA bl vH;kl ls leqnk; ds lkFk lEcU/k LFkkfir djus esa dkQh enn feyhA bu vH;klksa ds nkSjku izR;sd xk¡o esa yxHkx 60&80 efgyk ,oa iq:"k fdlkuksa us lgHkkfxrk dh] ftlls fdlku lewg lkewfgd :i ls vius lalk/kukas dk vkdyu djus] vkilh fj'rksa dks le>us rFkk Ñf"k lEcU/kh leL;kvksa dks le>dj muls fuiVus gsrq fodYiksa dks fpfUgr djus esa l{ke gq,A dk;Z ds vxys pj.k esa izR;sd xk¡oksa esa bPNqd fdlkuksa dh igpku dj mUgsa ikfjfLFkfrdh fdlku lewgksa ds :i esa xfBr fd;k x;kA lHkh xk¡oksa esa 20 lnL;h; lewgksa dk xBu fd;k x;kA izR;sd xk¡o esa fdlkuksa dh cSBd dj Qly fu;kstu] vko”;d fuos”k] lewg izcU/ku vkfn eqn~nksa ij ppkZ o fopkj&foe”kZ fd;k x;kA bu lewgksa us lcls igys fLFkfr;ksa dk fo”ys"k.k fd;k] vUrjksa@ dfe;ksa dks tkuk] le>k o laHkkfor voljksa dks Hkh ryk”kkA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij o"kZ 2013&14 esa lewgksa us eq[; Qly ds #i esa ewaxQyh dh [ksrh djus dk fu”p; fd;kA blds lkFk gh mUgksaus ;g Hkh fu;ksftr fd;k fd ;fn le; ij o"kkZ gksrh gS rks os vUr%Qly ds #i esa puk o yc&yc dh [ksrh djsaxs] [ksr dh esM+ksa ij cktjk dks ckM+ ds :i esa yxk;saxs vkSj vj.Mh dks iziaph Qly ds #i esa cksvkbZ djsaxsA o"kZ 2014&15 esa ;gk¡ de o"kkZ gqbZ FkhA ml le; 13 xk¡oksa ds fdlku ekulwu iwoZ gksus okyh ckfj'k dk mi;ksx dj ewaxQyh dh [ksrh dj ldsA eq[; Qly dh mit esa gksus okys uqdlku dh {kfriwfrZ djus gsrq lHkh 13 xk¡oksa ds fdlkuksa us vYi vof/k dh Qlyksa tSls puk vkfn dh Hkh cqokbZ dhA 'ks"k 7 xk¡oksa esa fdlkuksa esa nsj ls cksbZ tkus okyh fofHkUu Qlyksa dh cksvkbZ dh] ftlesa flrEcj ds vUr esa 3 xk¡oksa esa Tokj] 2 xk¡oksa esa lse o 2 xk¡oksa esa jkxh dh cksvkbZ dh xbZA

fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky;ksa ds ek/;e ls i;kZoj.k vuwdqy Ñf"kxr xfrfof/k;ksa dks izksRlkfgr fd;k x;kA fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; ,d nh?kZdkyhu izfØ;k ij vk/kkfjr lh[k dk dsUnz gS tgk¡ ij fdlku [ksrh ds ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= dks le>rs gSa vkSj lkewfgd #i ls Qly lacaf/kr fu.kZ; Hkh ysrs gSaA fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; l=ksa ds lQy o Øe”k% lapkyu ds fy, LFkkuh; ;qokvksa o efgykvksa dks izf”kf{kr fd;k x;kA lkekU;r% fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; ds l=ksa esa fofHkUu Ñf"kxr eqn~nksa tSls& e`nk o ty laj{k.k] e`nk moZjrk] Qly tSo fofo/krk] laHkkfor dhV fu;a=.k] Qly izcU/ku] dVkbZ vkfn ij foLr`r ppkZ o fopkj foe”kZ fd;k tkrk gS] ijUrq bl ys[k esa rhu egRoiw.kZ eqn~nksa ij /;ku dsfUnzr fd;k x;k gS&

v½ e`nk moZjrk esa o`f) % lw[kk xzLr {ks= esa e`nk dh moZjrk ij fo”ks"k /;ku u nsuk ,d lkekU; ckr gSA fdlkuksa dk ekuuk gS fd [ksrksa esa dkcZfud inkFkksZa dh vkiwfrZ ,oa vuqiyC/krk gsrq i”kqvksa dh tula[;k de gksuk ,d izeq[k dkj.k gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa dqN vU; fodYiksa tSls& cht mipkj] gjh [kkn] [ksr esa tSo inkFkZ@dkcZfud inkFkksZa esa o`f)] ?kj ij vif'k"V inkFkksZa ls rS;kj [kkn] tSo moZjdksa] jkWd QkLQsV vkfn dk iz;ksx djuk e`nk moZjrk o`f) djus dk loksZRre fodYi gSA tSo moZjdksa tSls& ,tkslfifjye] jkbtksfc;e vkSj QaQwnuk'kd nokvksa tSls& VªkbdksMekZ ls cht mipkj djuk ,oa L;wMkseksukl] ?kj ij vif'k"V inkFkksZa ls rS;kj [kkn ds lkFk QkLiksthok.kq vkfn dk e`nk esa mi;ksx vkfn dqN ,sls dne gS] ftuls fdlkuksa us izkjEHk esa gh ikS/kksa dks etcwr cukuk lh[kkA gjh [kkn dk mi;ksx djuk ,d nwljk vH;kl Fkk] ftls fdlkuksa us fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; ds ek/;e ls lh[kkA eq[;r% efgyk fdlkuksa us lubZ dks gjh [kkn ds #i esa

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~ 17

eq[; Qly ls iwoZ iz;ksx fd;kA lu~ 2012&13 esa bu lHkh xkaoksa esa fdlkuksa us igyh ckj [ksrksa esa 1&1-5 Vu lubZ dk gjh [kkn #i esa iz;ksx fd;kA lubZ ds ek/;e ls e`nk esa ukbZVªkstu fLFkjhdj.k dh ek=k dk vkadyu djus gsrq Hkh ekxZn”kZu fn;k x;kA fdlkuksa ds fy, lubZ de ykxr dk ,d vPNk fodYi gSA fdlkuksa us ik;k fd vxj ,d ,dM+ [ksr esa ,d Vªkyh xkscj dh [kkn Mkyh tk;s rks :0 2500-00 dh ykxr vkrh gS] tcfd 2&4 Vu lubZ dk gjh [kkn #i esa iz;ksx djus ls ek= 300&400-00 #0 izfr ,dM+ gh [kpZ vkrk gSA fdlkuksa us ;g Hkh tkuk fd e`nk esa xkscj dh [kkn dk iz;ksx djus ls e`nk dh ty /kkj.k {kerk esa o`f) gksrh gSA fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; esa NksVs&NksVs iz;ksxksa ,oa nwljh xfrfof/k;ksa ls e`nk iks"kd rRoksa esa gq, lq/kkj@o`f) dks tkuk&le>k x;kA 300 fdxzk0 xkscj dh [kkn dh xq.koRrk esa o`f) gsrq 50 fdxzk0 QkLQsV] 1&1 fdyks jkbtks f c;e] ,tks L ihfjye] Vª k bdks M ekZ ,oa QkLQksthok.kq dks feykdj [ksr esa iz;ksx fd;k x;kA e`nk esa ueh dh deh dh leL;k ls fuiVus gsrq efYpax dks c<+kok fn;k x;kA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij& o"kZ 2013&14 esa ewaxQyh ds [ksr esa puk dks vUr%Qly ds :i esa izeq[krk ls yxk;k x;k] ijUrq ewaxQyh dh [kqnkbZ ds ckn Qwy vkus dh voLFkk esa ueh dh deh ds dkj.k puk dh [ksrh esa dkQh uqdlku mBkuk iM+kA lkekU;r% Qwy vkus dh voLFkk esa vk'kk ds foijhr ,d ckj Hkh ckfj'k u gksus dh fLFkfr esa xeZ gok,a pyus yxha ,oa e`nk esa ueh dh deh gks x;hA ifj.kkeLo:i 30&45 izfr'kr Qwy >M+ x;sA pwafd bl rjg dh ifjfLFkfr mRiUu gksus dh mEehn ugha dh x;h FkhA vr% vkdfLed ;kstuk ds :i esa pus ds ikS/kksa ds uhps efYpax dh x;hA bl fØ;k ds ek/;e ls Qwyksa dk fxjuk cUn gks x;k vkSj bldk ifj.kke ;g gqvk fd ftu ikS/kksa ds uhps efYpax ugha dh x;h Fkh] muds eqdkcys efYpax okys ikS/kksa dh mit esa 05 ls 1 fdxzk vf/kd mit gqvkA

c½ Qly fofo/khdj.k esa o`f) % lqjf{kr [ksrh dks mUur djuk] dhV izcU/ku] csgrj iks"k.k rRoksa dks miyC/k djkuk] vfrfjDr [kk| ,oa vk; ds lzksr rFkk lw[kk izcU/ku vkfn cgqr ls ykHkksa dks izkIr djus gsrq ,d gh [ksr ij dbZ Qlyksa dh [ksrh dks 'kkfey djrs gq, Qly fofo/krk dks c<+kuk ,d vPNh j.kuhfr FkhA xka/khuxj frUuwj] vuqeUFkiqje] vV~VkiYye xkaoksa ds fdlkuksa us dbZ izdkj dh fefJr Qlyksa dh [ksrh djus dk iz;kl fd;kA buesa ewaxQyh vk/kkfjr Qly i)fr]

ÜèÊææ §ç‡ÇUØæ, çßàæðá çãU‹Îè â¢S·¤ÚU‡æ, çâÌ ÕÚU w®v~

iziaph Qly ds :i esa vj.Mh dh [ksrh] [ksr dh esM+ksa ij cktjk dh [ksrh] eq[; vUr% Qly ds :i esa vjgj dh [ksrh vkSj yksfc;k dh ,d nwljh vUr% [ksrh dks 280 fdlkukas us viuk;kA dbZ Qlykas dh ,d lkFk [krsh djuk dhVksa ds izdksi ds izcU/ku dk Hkh ,d lqxe jkLrk gSA

l½ ,dhÑr Qly izcU/ku % Qlyksa dks tSfod ,oa jlk;ueqDr dhV izcU/ku gsrq fdlkuksa dks l{ke cukus ds fy, fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; lapkfyr djus ds nkSjku cgqr ls iz;ksx ,oa v/;;uksa dks fd;k x;kA fdlkuksa ds vUnj Ñf"k ikfjfLFkfrdh ra= esa tSfod o vtSfod dk vkadyu dj dhV izcU/ku dh fof/k dks viukus gsrq fu.kZ; ysus dh {kerk fodflr dh xbZA mnkgj.k& iÙkh dkVus ds iz;ksxksa ls mUgsa jlk;fud Lizs ugha djuk iM+kA dhV izcU/ku esa esM+ksa dh Qlyksa rFkk iziaph Qlyksa ds egRo dks Hkh le>k;k x;kA fdlku iz{ks= fo|ky; ds dqN l=ksa esa fdlkuksa us ewaxQyh ds lkFk vUr% Qly ds rkSj ij vjgj vkSj ycyc dks yxk;k rFkk cktjk dks ckM+ ds rkSj ij yxk;k] tcfd pwld dhVksa ls cpko gsrq vj.Mh ,oa yksfc;k dks iziaph Qly ds :i esa yxkus dk iz;kl fd;kA lebZ dh ?kVuk dks ns[ksa rks] mUgksaus cktjk dks ckM+ ds :i esa vjgj ds lkFk vUr% Qly ds rkSj ij yxkus dk iz;kl fd;kA e`nk esa ueh laj{k.k gsrq efYpax djuk