ATCT Design
About us Services Sustainability Team Towers 04 06 08 10 12 Table of Contents
Terminal
Every. Moment. Matters.
to tower
LEO A DALY is an internationally recognized, award-winning firm, which is consistently ranked among the top design firms in the world.
Over 70 years of Aviation experience provides 21st century solutions to enhance safety, sustainability, convenience, & comfort for tomorrow’s traveler. Aviation Practice
Over the past 70 years, LEO A DALY has been a leading designer of passenger terminals, air traffic control towers and security operations worldwide. The company has collectively created a wide range of airport facilities, including small general aviation terminals, hangars, aprons, state-of-the-art large hub terminals, rental car facilities, airport parking garages, air traffic control towers, FBOs, airline operations facilities, and various support facilities.
Significant projects from the firm include the Miami International Airport (MIA) North Terminal Development A-B Infill project, designing the iconic new Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport (MSY), transforming and expanding Cleveland Hopkins International Airport (CLE), renovating Tom Bradley International Terminal at LAX, and leading the design team for Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA).
LEO A DALY’s projects are strategically crafted to cater to the intricate requirements of modern airports, including establishing a memorable “first impression” for travelers, ensuring a secure and convenient passenger journey, integrating cuttingedge technology, and enhancing carriers’ operational efficiency. Our initiatives have the potential to transform communities, elevate city brands, stimulate economic development, and provide a significant experience for each traveler.
LOUIS ARMSTRONG NEW ORLEANS INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT (MSY) TERMINAL REPLACEMENT
Air Traffic Control Towers (ATCT) and Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON)
All airport facilities are important to operations, but none is as critical as the air traffic control tower. As the most visible feature of an airport, towers not only make an architectural statement, but serve as the most effective tool in ensuring the safety of airport workers, passengers, airline employees and surrounding businesses and homes.
Control tower design is a significant specialty of our aviation team, with more than 300 completed tower projects at commercial and regional airports and military installations. We have tower experience in all airport types–from small general-aviation airports to the world’s busiest hubs, to military facilities nationwide.
To create the most efficient, effective and safe towers possible, we have consulted with the Federal Aviation Administration for more than 40 years, developing, modifying and site adapting many FAA air traffic control standards in place today.
Our tower studies include:
• Building Code Analysis
• Structural – seismic/wind/ASDE
• Engineering – mechanical/electrical/acoustical
• Siting
• Energy
• Short Circuit Analysis
• Protective Devices Coordination
• Progressive collapse and blast resistance
Additional miscellaneous tower design services include:
• Construction consultation
• Shop drawing review
• ASDE – 3 & X modifications
• Microwave path/surveys
• Construction cost estimating
• Renderings
• Computer animation
• Computer modeling
• Programming
• Site analysis
• Airspace studies
• Life cycle costing
• Construction observation
• Environmental engineering
• Project models
• Vulnerability and threat assessment
• Anti-terrorist and force protection design
• NAVAIDS
• Radio/communications equipment
• Design-Build
• Building Information Modeling (BIM)
SERVICES
6
Palm Springs International Airport includes a 10,000-SF, 150-kW photo-voltaic system to generate electricity, which is fed back into the electrical grid to offer power used to run the facility and save approximately 310,00 kW hours annually.
With more than 300 control tower projects completed, control tower design is a significant specialty of our team.
7 SERVICES
100 + years
Aviation Integrated Design
Elevated Experiences
SECTION TITLEEXPERIENCE
12
Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport Air Traffic Control Tower
MESA, ARIZONA
OWNER
Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport Authority
SIZE
194 foot tall tower
500 GSF control cab
COST
$26,900,000
SCOPE
Architecture, engineering, FAA and NAVAIDS equipment selections/procurement specifications, and independent cost estimation
COMPLETION DATE
March 2022
Partially funded under the FAA Contract Tower Program, this new ATCT replaces the a 1968-vintage tower originally constructed to serve the former Williams Air Force base airfield.
The 194-foot tall ATCT includes a 500 GSF control cab with a 164feet AGL controller eye level, suitable for eight controller positions. The lower tower shaft portions are unoccupied, accommodating vertical circulation (egress stair tower and elevator) and various mechanical, electrical, communications, fire protection, and NAVAIDS utility risers. The upper tower shaft features a 2-story expanded occupied ring that houses various electronic and computer equipment spaces, a staff breakroom, meeting/training room, air traffic manager office, restrooms, mechanical/electrical and storage spaces. The stair tower is pressurized to facilitate occupant egress while preventing smoke during a fire event.
The tower’s seismically resistant 12-sided precast concrete shaft rests on an expanded concrete mat slab in turn mounted atop an augered cast reinforced concrete pile network. Intermediate floor slab and stair construction is also of precast design, with the upper tower expanded ring construction employing steel framing with insulated metal panel cladding and high-performance insulated glazing bands. Civil site work included regrading, paving, and native Arizona sustainable xeriscape landscaping, with a fence-secured site perimeter.
15 ATCT EXPERIENCE
Tulsa Air Traffic Control
Tower & TRACON
Replacement
TULSA, OKLAHOMA
OWNER
Tulsa Airports Improvement Trust
SIZE
255 FootTower
6,000 SF TRACON & Base Building
COST
$76,000,000
SCOPE
Programming, Planning, Design and Construction
Documents (including: Architecture, Landscape Architecture; Civil; Mechanical, Electrical, Fire Protection, and Structural Engineering; Interior Design)
COMPLETION DATE
2025
The Tulsa Airports Improvement Trust selected LEO A DALY to lead the design of a new, $40 million air traffic control and terminal radar approach control facility at Tulsa International Airport. LEO A DALY will develop plans and specifications to remove and replace the existing air traffic control tower, including the terminal radar approach control and base buildings.
The current air traffic control tower was completed in 1961, and it doesn’t meet current building code. The average longevity of a control tower in the United States is about 30 years. LEO A DALY’s design goal is to provide a comfortable and state-ofthe-art workplace for FAA and airport employees to enjoy while enhancing the airport’s ability to adapt, evolve and grow over the next 50 years.
The new facility will be built by the Airport Authority and operated by the FAA. The cab is designed as an intermediate activity tower. The shaft, due to the height is designed to the specifications of a major activity tower. This project is designed using Building Information Modeling (BIM) and was designed to be as energy efficient as possible. The design is scheduled to be completed in 2023, and the Tulsa Airports Improvement Trust is scheduled to solicit bids for construction in early 2024.
Sarasota Bradenton
International Airport, Air Traffic Control Tower
SARASOTA, FLORIDA
OWNER
Sarasota Manatee Airport Authority
SIZE
525 SF Control Cab
9,000 SF Base Building
COST
$16,023,156
SCOPE
Site Planning and Selection, Master Planning, Design, Construction Documents, Full A/E Services
COMPLETION
January 2018
LEO A DALY was selected to design a replacement airport traffic control tower and administrative base building. The successful design included site adaptations of a modified standard FAA Low Activity Level Tower with a 525 SF control cab and a base building following a standard floor plan for an FAA 9,000 SF administrative base building with a custom link.
The 10-sided polygon tower are integrated with the control cab. The tower floor level is 109 feet above ground level with precast concrete wall panels forming the building envelope.
A life-cycle cost comparison was carried out on three architectural, three structural, and three mechanical systems to consider initial costs, operating costs, and maintenance costs for the major systems and to determine which systems would best serve the airport and the FAA in the future.
Cast-in-place concrete, precast concrete, and steel frame structures were evaluated. Insulated sandwich-panel precast concrete was selected for cost, durability, wind and blast resistance, quality of finish, cost, and ease of construction.
For maximum visibility, the control cab was designed to incorporate only four columns and uses a butt-glazed cab window system. Insulated structural precast concrete panels were designed with interlocking edges to help ensure wind driven rain would be kept out of the building during a major storm or hurricane.
Fort Bliss Army Base, Air Traffic Control Tower
EL PASO, TEXAS
OWNER
US Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth District
SIZE
97 Foot Tower
3,600 SF Base Building
COST
$13,977,664
SCOPE
Programming, Planning, Architecture, Structural, Mechanical, Plumbing, Electrical, Fire Protection, Sustainability
COMPLETION
March 2017
LEO A DALY was selected by the US Army Corps of engineers-Fort Worth District, to design, develop the designbuild construction documents, and provide construction administration services for the new 10-story control tower and 3,600-SF administrative base building at the Fort Bliss Army Base.
This control tower is a critical element in the mission control of the Army Base and mission that includes the operation and control for the 1st Armored Division‘s 1st Combat Aviation Brigade, and the 127th Aviation Support Battalion, made up of AH-64 Apache, UH-60 Black Hawk, and CH-47 Chinook helicopters.
The control tower also is responsible for air traffic control of a wide variety of other rotor and fixed-wing aircraft that participate in a variety of training and day-to-day aircraft mission critical operations. The project also includes a communications transmitter building and three remote transmitter receiver antennas.
Sacramento International Airport, Air Traffic Control Tower and Base Building
SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA
OWNER
FAA - Western Service Area
SIZE
550-SF Control Cab
155 Foot Tower
9,700-SF Base Building
COST
$31,034,000
SCOPE
Site Planning, Design, Construction Documents, Full Architectural/Engineering Services
COMPLETION
June 2015 (design)
This project involves a replacement airport traffic control tower and the establishment of an administrative base building at Sacramento International Airport. It includes site adaptations of a modified standard FAA Intermediate Activity Level Tower with a 155-foot tower and a base building following a modified standard floor plan for an FAA 9,000-SF administrative base building with a custom link.
The tower is a 12-sided polygon in plan, with the 550-SF control cab. The tower floor level is 136 feet above ground level. Insulated metal panels over a cast-in-place concrete wall structure form the building envelope. For maximum visibility, the control cab was designed to incorporate only four columns and uses a butt-glazed cab window system.
The base building combines the use of insulated precast concrete wall panels and insulated metal wall panels similar to the control tower. Both wall systems have continuous insulation, providing high R-values to minimize energy use.
A life-cycle cost comparison was carried out on three architectural, three structural, and three mechanical systems to consider initial costs, operating costs, and maintenance costs for the major systems and to determine which systems would best serve the airport and the FAA in the future.
Sustainable strategies include a photovoltaic field, geothermal HVAC, low-flow plumbing fixtures and the use of large window areas with interior light shelves for to push daylight deep into administrative office areas.
Oakland International Airport, Air Traffic Control Tower and Base Building
OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA
OWNER
Federal Aviation Administration, Western Pacific Region
SIZE
219 Feet (to Cab Floor)
13,000 SF Base Building
COST
$34,025,686
SCOPE
Design, Project Management, Construction
Documents including SWPPP
COMPLETION
February 2015
AWARDS
2013 FAA National Award Winner for Sustainable Building Achievement
2014 DOT National Award Winner in Sustainable Buildings Achievement Category
Oakland International Airport is one of the country’s most sustainability-conscious airports in the country, and the first to receive LEED® Silver Certification for a passenger terminal. Now, its air traffic control tower is also a triumph of green design. This 219-foot tower and 13,000-SF base building is designed to LEED® Gold standards and includes photovoltaic, geothermal HVAC, and blast-resistant design.
The control tower employs the use of the SidePlate™ system for efficient seismic protection, as well as a blast-resistant panel system to provide additional anti-terrorism force protection. The site includes a bio-retention system and a rain water collection system for irrigation.
The roof of the two-story base building supports a photovoltaic system and also was designed as an antenna array. Parking shelters also support photovoltaic panels that were necessary to meet the requirements of LEED® Gold certification.
Wilkes-Barre / Scranton
International Airport, Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) and TRACON
WILKES BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA
OWNER
Federal Aviation Administration, Eastern Region
SIZE
132 Foot Tower
8,000 SF TRACON COST
$14,650,000
SCOPE
Master Planning, Design, Construction Documents, Full Architectural and Engineering Services
COMPLETION
January 2012
Master planning, architectural design, and engineering services were provided by LEO A DALY for this 132-foot air traffic control tower (ATCT), and an 8,000-SF terminal radar approach control (TRACON) facility. The tower is located directly across the terminal providing best visual advantages for air traffic control operations. Due to the location of the new facilities (as dictated by the FAA), over 4,500 lineal feet of roads, water, sewer, electrical, cable, and communications lines were installed. Additionally, the airport security fencing and gate system for operations required re-design. All site engineering was coordinated with the airport’s future plans to add a major general aviation.
Unique Challenges
The site of the ATCT required research of current coal mining operations beneath the airport. The entire site exhibits no more than 12-36 inches of soil over rock/coal. The civil design provided alternatives for the roadway, water system, sewer system, fencing alignments, and pavement options.
Due to the remote location of the new facilities, over 4,500 lineal feet of roads, water, sewer, electrical, cable, and communications lines were installed. Existing airfield cabling and duct banks were evaluated for reuse, where possible, to control costs. Additionally, the airport security fencing and gate system for operations required re-design.
Ben Gurion International Airport , Air Traffic Control Tower
TEL AVIV, ISRAEL
OWNER
Israel Airport Authority
SIZE
297 Feet (To Cab Floor)
COST
$12,000,000
SCOPE
Planning; Architecture; Structural, Mechanical, and Electrical Engineering; Design and Technical Review and Consultation
COMPLETION DATE
2015
LEO A DALY was selected as the international airport traffic control tower technical and design expert to assist and oversee the design of the new 297 foot tall control tower for the Ben Gurion International Airport at Tel Aviv, Israel.As a member of the B. Pelleg Architects team, we provided guidance and technical expertise to help ensure that the design met international air traffic control tower design standards and requirements.
This unique design incorporates an asymmetrical circular plan reflecting architectural character and style that is consistent with the new Tel Aviv International Terminal. Designed as a high-security facility, this control tower is a collaboration of stateof-the-art systems, the latest air traffic control requirements, and specific functions unique to the Airport Authority and the local agencies involved in airport traffic control and security.
Minot AFB, Air Traffic Control Tower and Base Operations Facility
MINOT AIR FORCE BASE, NORTH DAKOTA
OWNER
US Army Corps of Engineers
SIZE
17,106 SF Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) 10,281 SF Base Operations Facility
COST
$6,621,500 ATCT
$5,159,950 Base Ops
SCOPE
Design Development, Construction Documents, Construction Support Services
COMPLETION DATE
July 2013
As the design lead on this design-build project with Mason and Hangar, LEO A DALY developed the design and construction documents for two replacement buildings: an ATCT and Base Ops Facility.
The ATCT is 10,281 SF, divided between nine occupied levels, including office and training areas and a control cab simulator. A 100-ft tall (to cab floor) control tower allows for 360 degrees of unobstructed views.
The BaseOps houses 17,106-SF of office and training areas divided between two occupied levels. Level 2 overlooks the entry lobby, and an accessible Roof Terrace provides added value and amenities to the users. As a replacement facility, the new Base Ops allows for increased technology, flexible support spaces and more efficient uses of energy and resources.
Both buildings are LEED® Silver certified. Each building was designed to comply with Air Force requirements, anti-terrorism and force protection, progressive collapse, blast resistance and northern, cold climate constraints.
23 ATCT EXPERIENCE
Toledo Express Airport, Air Traffic Control Tower and Base Building
TOLDEO, OHIO
OWNER
Federal Aviation Administration – Great Lakes Region
SIZE
133-Foot Tower
9,600-SF Base Building
COST
$10,972,860
SCOPE
Site Planning and Site Selection, Master Planning, Design, Construction Documents, Full Architectural/Engineering Services
COMPLETION DATE
September 2012 (design)
LEO A DALY participated in the site selection, safety risk management, design, and A/E services for a 133-foot air traffic control tower (ATCT), and a 9,600-SF base building at the Toledo Express Airport.
Due to the close proximity of the airport terminal access road, this tower and base building required extensive blast analysis and blast hardening. The standard design was modified to incorporate features desired by the local FAA to meet local needs. The ATCT shaft was designed out of insulated sandwich-panel precast concrete panels. The precast panels also were designed with interlocking edges to resist wind-driven rain and help ensure water-tight construction. The upper level insulated metal panels were backed-up by high-strength, explosive-resistant concrete panels to meet AT/FP requirements. The cab roof and walkway were designed to drain externally to eliminate bringing roof drains through the building, therefore eliminating the possibility of water leakage in the equipment rooms.
The small site required close coordination and security integration to allow access to the AOA while maintaining routine operation of services for the ATCT, as well as the operation of adjacent functions.
The construction documents were submitted to the FAA Central Service Area and the Toledo Port Authority in November 2012.
Opa Locka Air Traffic
Control Tower
OPA LOCKA, FLORIDA
OWNER
Miami Dade County
SIZE
193 Feet (to cab floor)
COST
$11,098,000
SCOPE
Planning, Programming, Design, Construction Documents, Construction Administration
COMPLETION DATE
October 2012
As a subconsultant to the civil engineering firm of Kimley-Horn and Associates, Inc.,
LEO A DALY was selected to develop the design and construction documents and construction administration for this 193-foot tall (to cab floor) control tower and 3,000-SF administrative base building for the Miami Dade Aviation Department (MDAD) at the Opa-locka Florida Executive Airport.
LEO A DALY provided all design and engineering services for this control tower and base building, with the exception of the civil engineering. Due to the size of the Opa-Locka Airport, this contract tower was planned for considerable eventual growth in operations. The tower was designed to meet extreme coastal winds that plague the Miami coastal area during hurricane season.
The tower and base building were both designed in structural precast concrete panels. The exterior colors were selected to be compatible with the surrounding architecture.
25 ATCT EXPERIENCE
Long Island MacArthur Airport, Air Traffic Control Tower and Base Building
RONKONKOMA, NEW YORK
OWNER
Federal Aviation Administration-Eastern Region
SIZE
129-Foot Tower
8,000-SF Administrative Base Building
COST
$16,412,000
SCOPE
Programming, Planning, Design and Construction
Documents (including: Architecture, Landscape Architecture; Civil; Mechanical, Electrical, Fire Protection, and Structural Engineering; Interior Design)
COMPLETION
March 2011
LEO A DALY provided planning, design, and engineering services for the new MacArthur Airport control tower, the base building, and access roadway. The scope included siting studies as well as one- and two-story schemes for a new 8,000-SF administrative base building. Construction staging and parking studies were completed to allow the existing facility to remain operational while the new building was under construction just a few feet away.
The new FAA Low Activity Level Standard ATCT design was modified and site adapted. The new base building was designed to meet the rigorous site constraints of MacArthur Airport. The building also was designed to be blast resistant to meet ATFP requirements.
Specific site security features included a complete relocation of the entrance drive to include the relocation and reuse of existing gates and the introduction of vertical lift gates with card reader access. Pedestrian gates were introduced to the site with proximity card readers. In addition to providing infrastructure design, the LEO A DALY team designed and specified the complete security monitoring system to include cameras, locks, controls, key cards, and multiple-location monitoring and control.
The complete tower, from the control cab floor down, was designed in pre-cast concrete for easy and quick erection and blast resistance. The base building was designed in foam-formed cast-in-place concrete for blast resistance and energy efficiency.
Grand Forks Air Force Base, ATCT and RAPCON
GRAND FORKS AIR FORCE BASE, NORTH DAKOTA
LEO A DALY designed and developed design-build bridging documents for this 118-foot air traffic control tower and two-story, 11,000-SF radar approach control center.
OWNER
US Army Corps of Engineers
SIZE
118 Feet (to cab floor)
7,000 SF RAPCON
COST
$13,000,000
SCOPE
Requirements Document, Programming; Conceptual Design; Design-Build Drawing; and Specifications, including 35 Percent Construction Documents to Support Design-Build RFP
COMPLETION DATE
December 2010
AWARD
Air Mobility Command, 2009 Design Awards, Concept Design
The scope included assessment of existing facilities and operations, developing the requirements document, programming, conceptual design, as well as limited drawings, design-build specifications, and follow-on oversight during the final design for this project.
The project is a collocated air traffic control tower and radar approach control facility for Grand Forks Air Force Base. The facility is equipped with cab simulation, five active radar positions, and two training positions, computer-based instruction, administrative offices, and duty-ready breakrooms. The facility includes an interactive virtual reality simulated air traffic control cab in the base building for air traffic control training.
Giovanni Cortes Caro Aviation Market Sector Leader 305.461.9480 GACortesCaro@leoadaly.com leoadaly.com PLANNING ARCHITECTURE ENGINEERING INTERIORS