LIZ036_JACKET
LIZ036_JACKET.indd 1
15-3-24 下午5:52
THAI MODERN First Published 2015 Copyright ©2015 by Li-Zenn Publishing
Li-Zenn Publishing Limited Publisher Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Executive Director
Nithi Sthapitanonda Suluck Visavapattamawon Pisut Lertdumrikarn Prabhakorn Vadanyakul Kiattisak Veteewootacharn Li-Zenn Publishing Limited 81 Sukhumvit 26, Klongton, Klongtoey, Bangkok 10110 Thailand T +66 (0) 2259 2096 F +66 (0) 2661 2017 li-zenn@li-zenn.com www.li-zenn.com
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means-graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping or by any information storage and retrieval systems without prior written permission from the publisher.
Executive Editor Nithi Sthapitanonda Editor Suluck Visavapattamawon Editorial Advisor Archanart Kespayak Project Coordinator Bussara Kemapirak Editorial Assistant Sattjapa Sainetra Graphic Designer Chonlathit Sriponwong Design Assistant Raynuka Panitchaisak Wirawan Jiraratsakul Proofreader Ruairi Cunningham (p.6-9, 549) Translator Jutamas Tadthiemrom (p.6-7) Sponsor Coordinator Panphim Jaipanya
National Library of Thailand Cataloging in Publication Data THAI MODERN. – Bangkok: Li-Zenn, 2015. 660 p. 1. Architecture. I. Title. 720. ISBN 978-616-7800-31-8 Printed in China by Tiger Printing (Hong Kong)
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 2-3 001-660.indd 2
15-1-23 下午4:23
001-660.indd 3
23/1/2558 15-1-2313:25:13 下午4:23
contents entrance
10
hallway
52
lobby & lounge
96
living room
134
kitchen & dining
168
stairway
200
bathroom
242
bedroom
284
retail
314
restaurant & bar
340
study & work
378
swimming pool
412
relax
446
lighting
476
architecture
510
landscape
550
detail
600
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 4-5 001-660.indd 4
15-1-23 下午4:23
001-660.indd 5
23/1/2558 15-1-2313:26:51 下午4:23
The artwork and culture of Thailand is heavily influenced by the traditions of many neighbouring countries, as Thailand is geographically located between the linkage of the western and eastern cultures. Thailand has also been a route for undertaking commercial activities since ancient times. The reminiscence of Thailand’s history from 500 to 700 years ago (Sukhothai Era) has reflected how the country derived Chinese and Indian cultures which were incorporated with trading and distribution of Buddhism at that period of time. The existing evidence is the architecture, equipment and accessories which were discovered from many places. Not until 300-400 years ago (Ayutthaya Period 14th-18th Century), did Thailand begin trading with many countries from the west. The merchants who established their business brought western knowledge, art and culture to distribute in Thailand until the Rattanakosin Period (1782 to Present). The result of this influence appeared in the architecture and interior design ‘east meets west’ style in many cities. This trend also caused a revolution in both culture and other physical appearances in Thailand. In 2012, Li-Zenn Publishing published ‘Thai Mod’, a book which collects architectural projects, interior and landscape designs from contemporary architects to feature the development and evolution of modern architecture in Thailand. The book also exhibited the changes in art and culture from the past until present time. ‘Thai Mod’ was distributed to the public and gained a warm welcome from domestic and international readers. Three to four years after the launch, Thailand’s design industry has been more eager and enthusiastic to create many new masterpieces during the period of time when the economy was also thriving and prospering. Therefore, the design projects are flourishing with creative variety from new wave designers. Li-Zenn Publishing has been observing these movements all along and has had opportunities to discuss with both readers and designers who support us to launch another similar book collection once again. Once the news of a new publication spread, under the name of ‘Thai Modern’, Li-Zenn received an enormous welcome with more than 300 design projects from more than 60 design firms. After the in-depth screening, the selected showcases in this new series feature a better innovative evolution as there is the employment of new and different materials in the designs and also focusing more on the environment-friendly issue. Furthermore, they also put emphasis on energy-saving design more than they have ever done before. It is a positive sign to help reduce global warming and show us development in sustainable construction.
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 6-7 001-660.indd 6
15-1-23 下午4:23
We would like to thank you all, architects and designers who have participated in this publication. We hope ‘Thai Modern’ will be another channel to make readers realize the potential of Thai architects and designers once again and be a source to acknowledge modern design in Thailand. Last but not least, we are thankful to have many institutes, companies, and shops sponsoring us to achieve all the goals to complete this book.
LI-ZENN PUBLISHING
001-660.indd 7
23/1/2558 15-1-2313:26:52 下午4:23
Khao Yai Vacation Home - Nakhon Ratchasima - amA Design Studio 10
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 10-11 001-660.indd 10
15-1-23 上午11:59
entrance 11
001-660.indd 11
12/24/14 4:54 PM 15-1-23 上午11:59
Via 49 Condominium - Bangkok - shma 12
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 12-13 001-660.indd 12
15-1-23 上午11:59
The Grand Pinklao Clubhouse - Bangkok - Office AT 13
001-660.indd 13
12/24/14 4:54 PM 15-1-23 上午11:59
Habitia Clubhouse - Bangkok - IDIN Architects 44
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 44-45 001-660.indd 44
15-1-23 上午11:59
45
001-660.indd 45
12/24/14 4:57 PM 15-1-23 上午11:59
Baan San Kraam - Phetchaburi - Somdoon Architects 52
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 52-53 001-660.indd 52
15-1-23 下午12:00
hallway 53
001-660.indd 53
12/24/14 4:57 PM 15-1-23 下午12:00
Foto Hotel - Phuket - RDM Design Group 54
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 54-55 001-660.indd 54
15-1-23 下午12:00
Siam Square One - Bangkok - The Office of Bangkok Architects 55
001-660.indd 55
12/24/14 4:57 PM 15-1-23 下午12:00
Dental Bliss - Bangkok - IF 78
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 78-79 001-660.indd 78
15-1-23 下午12:00
79
001-660.indd 79
12/24/14 4:59 PM 15-1-23 下午12:00
King Power Srivaree Complex - Samut Prakan - Architects 49 96
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 96-97 001-660.indd 96
15-1-23 下午12:00
lobby & lounge 97
001-660.indd 97
12/24/14 5:00 PM 15-1-23 下午12:00
Bualuang Exclusive Suite, Central Embassy - Bangkok - PIA Interior 102
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 102 Thai_Mod2_final.indd 102-103 001-660.indd 102
2/2/58 BE 下午1:43 1:59 PM 15-2-3
Botanica Sales Gallery - Nakhon Ratchasima - Vin Varavarn Architects 103
001-660.indd 103
1/16/58 BE 下午12:00 4:22 PM 15-1-23
Novotel Platinum - Bangkok - Interior Architects 49 114
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 114-115 001-660.indd 114
15-1-23 下午12:00
X2 River Kwai - Kanchanaburi - Agaligo Studio 115
001-660.indd 115
1/16/58 BE 下午12:00 4:23 PM 15-1-23
OCAS, LH - Prachuap Khiri Khan - Thisstudio 134
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 134-135 001-660.indd 134
15-1-23 下午12:01
living room 135
001-660.indd 135
12/24/14 5:03 PM 15-1-23 下午12:01
Baan Moom – Bangkok – IF 148
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 148-149 001-660.indd 148
15-1-23 下午12:01
149
001-660.indd 149
12/24/14 5:04 PM 15-1-23 下午12:01
X2 River Kwai - Kanchanaburi - Agaligo Studio
158
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 158-159 001-660.indd 158
15-1-23 下午12:01
159
001-660.indd 159
1/16/58 BE 下午12:01 4:26 PM 15-1-23
Baan Moom - Bangkok - IF 200
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 200-201 001-660.indd 200
15-1-23 下午12:02
stairway 201
001-660.indd 201
12/24/14 5:07 PM 15-1-23 下午12:02
Baby Grand Hua Hin - Prachuap Khiri Khan - amA Design Studio 204
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 204-205 001-660.indd 204
15-1-23 下午12:02
Walllasia Office - Bangkok - Walllasia 205
001-660.indd 205
12/24/14 5:08 PM 15-1-23 下午12:02
Baan Moom - Bangkok - IF 218
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 218-219 001-660.indd 218
15-1-23 下午12:02
Demoh House - Bangkok - Lynk Architect 219
001-660.indd 219
12/24/14 5:09 PM 15-1-23 下午12:02
says, it was a trend built all over the world. This
this can be found in Japan, where architects have
international trend continued up-until the short-
gone to great lengths to incorporate Japanese
lived post-modernism movement. Post-modern
idealisms, culture and even spiritualism into their
architecture criticized and described international
international projects.
style as “inhuman,” and that it never took into account the anthropology of the surrounding
Thai architects should learn to deploy forms
land. Many criticized the international style, as
of nationalism into their projects. They should
also having a “blatant disregarded for historical
look to and follow in the footsteps of the Thai
Thai : Modern : Architecture
characteristics and was lacking of influences,
food, Thai silk and Thai arts industries. They need
Smith Obayawat
from local cultures.”
to remember that ethnic heritage and culture
Principal
awareness all have an exceptional value. Lastly,
The Office Of Bangkok Architects (OBA)
Recently, the genes of modernity have quickly
as the world continues down a global and ho-
President
coming back into vogue. These edifices are now
mogenous path, it’s more important than ever,
The Association of Siamese Architects
being constructed on larger scales and with more
for cultures to incorporate their heritage into
under Royal Patronage 2012-2014
diversified finishes. They are also being built at a
their architecture and design. One could easily
much faster rate than their predecessors. Moreo-
imagine a future, where the great pleasure of
Over the years while working as a representative
ver, these new structures maintain integrity, taut-
travelling around the world, would be lost due
of the Thai architecture industry, I automatically
plane surfaces, visually weightlessness and are
to the lack of local and cultural identities.
became a spokesperson for the industry it self.
void of any applied ornamentation. These struc-
One of my favorite questions that seemed to come
tures contain materials such as concrete, steel,
Here in Thailand, there is a constant quest to
up frequently, was “what trends do you see for the
glass and plastics. Furthermore, these projects
design the very best in Thai modern architecture,
Thai architecture industry?” My reply sometimes
contain more cantilevered spaces, and have
while maintaining nostalgia for Thai spiritualism
seemed unclear to the questionnaire, depending
more fluid like forms. They also, contain less
and also mindful of Thailand’s diverse tropical
mostly on their knowledge of architecture. Fur-
visualobstructions from vertical elements, such
climate. It will be the responsibility of future
thermore, since there seems to be a void of archi-
as load bearing columns. These new advance-
architects and their protégé’s to put more effort
tectural critics in our society, I had serious con-
ments are in direct relation to the support from
to incorporate “Thai-ness” into their future mod-
cerns on how to answer responsibly to students
new computer software and construction tech-
ern designs, to ensure our rich legacy endures.
or graduates, whom are just now starting their
nology that are all currently available to the
careers. It’s true that no one can pinpoint what’s
industry today. Thai architects increasingly
right or wrong when architecture is discussed.
discover these new notions, through international education and from the easy access to
For many decades modern architecture has been
architectural imagery that’s published on the
embraced by Thai society. The main reason was
Internet. It is no wonder that these portfolios can
the direct result of our mentors being educated
be easily accessed from anywhere in the world,
in many different schools and in many different
as digital publishing is key to any architect’s
western countries. They were certainly influenced
success in this ever growing, digital-media based
by the “avant-garde modern movement” and thus
society. This digital connection is being shared by
it started appearing in many government build-
architects from all over the globe and is forming
ings and private residences throughout the king-
a type of international dialog amongst archi-
dom. Some structures had a touch of Thai char-
tects. Personally, I’m convinced that some of the
acter, such as wide-eaves or precast sunshades
world’s most famous architects might secretly
with Thai ornament pattern. Others designs were
have their very own architectural language.
extremely “westernized,” or as it’s now called
A language built with personal ideas and personal
“international style.” The international style was
cultural embellishments, which they use and
a fast-moving trend, and just like its namesake
incorporate into all their projects. An example of
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 282-283 001-660.indd 282
15-1-23 下午4:23
opportunity. The question would be whether Thai architects are ready and up for the occasion. The development of modern architecture in Thailand began just over 80 years ago with the establishment of the first architecture school in Thailand at Chulalongkorn University with the first group of western educated professors bringing in new ideas and technologies. Today there Question on Identity
are over 30 schools teaching architecture in Thai-
Pichai Wongwaisayawan
land and thousands of new generations of archi-
President
tects educated both inside and outside the country.
The Association of Siamese Architects
There are growing crops of emerging young archi-
under Royal Patronage 2014-2016
tects doing interesting and exciting architecture today. And with the advancement of information
The Association of Siamese Architects under Royal
technology and social media, news travel the world
Patronage celebrated its 80th anniversary this
in seconds once uploaded, information about new
year 2014. It’s objective has always been in sup-
modern cutting edge architecture also travel in the
port and promote architects as well as provide
same fashion. This results in unavoidable influ-
professional development to its members through
ences throughout the architecture world since
seminars and workshops. Not to mention its role
all are hunger for fresh new ideas. We can see
in serving the public and government agencies
similar new design popping up in different parts
with its committees’ and members’ expertise.
of the world regardless of where they are and
So many of its distinguished members had con-
Thailand is no exception. One can see the impact
tributed to the development of the profession
of modern design in Thai architecture scene, some
and at the same time to the country. So many
successful and some not so. Then what distin-
had left behind legacies of great architecture, of
guishes Thai cities to others around the world
course not all to the credit of the association; but
if every architect were influenced by the same
the conviction, the commitment, the leadership
source of information? What about the beautiful
and the sacrifice of doing things for others sure
traditional Thai architecture? Does it transcend
had something to do with it.
time and the changing world into the modern era? Can it merges with modern architecture
The architect profession in Thailand had been, by
and yet being distinctly Thai or should it be kept
law, reserved for the Thais for the past 40 years.
preserved as “antique”? Does identity matter any-
It is debatable whether it enhanced or prevented
more in the new society, new evolving culture?
the development of the architects and architec-
These are the questions that all Thai architects
ture in Thailand. Now that would change with
should contemplate and address while designing
the agreement on Asean Economic Community
a building since we all play a big part in shaping
that will take place by the end of 2015, this will
up our own city and its environment. Whatever
allow opening up of architectural practice and
we decide to do, be it good or bad, will have
some other protected “Services Profession” to
impact on the livelihood of the people associated
Asean member countries. With the pressure from
with it for the years to come.
World Trade Organization among others on free trade agreement, sooner or later, the border on architectural practice could open more widely. Some might see this as a threat and some as an
001-660.indd 283
23/1/2558 15-1-2313:26:56 下午4:23
Bear House - Phetchaburi - Onion 284
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 284-285 001-660.indd 284
15-1-23 下午1:20
bedroom 285
001-660.indd 285
12/24/14 5:14 PM 15-1-23 下午1:20
Botanica Sales Gallery – Nakhon Ratchasima – Vin Varavarn Architects 292
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 292-293 001-660.indd 292
15-1-23 下午1:20
Sala Rattanakosin– Bangkok – Onion 293
001-660.indd 293
1/16/58 BE 下午1:20 4:34 PM 15-1-23
Prime Nature Residence - Bangkok - Department of Architecture 294
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 294-295 001-660.indd 294
15-1-23 下午1:20
295
001-660.indd 295
12/24/14 5:15 PM 15-1-23 下午1:20
Sala Rattanakosin - Bangkok – Onion 340
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 340-341 001-660.indd 340
15-1-23 下午1:20
restaurant & bar 341
001-660.indd 341
12/24/14 5:19 PM 15-1-23 下午1:20
Sala Rattanakosin - Bangkok – Onion 356
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 356-357 001-660.indd 356
15-1-23 下午1:21
Bangkok Bistro Riverfront - Bangkok - IF 357
001-660.indd 357
12/24/14 5:21 PM 15-1-23 下午1:21
Zense Restaurant & Bar - Bangkok - Department of Architecture 366
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 366-367 001-660.indd 366
15-1-23 下午1:21
Hotel Muse - Bangkok - PIA Interior 367
001-660.indd 367
1/16/58 BE 下午1:21 4:38 PM 15-1-23
under retrofitting in 2010. It got LEED gold and
I don’t know how to do it yet. It is rather subjec-
is projected to save 38% of the building’s energy.
tive and hard to execute. But what good is your
Imagine how much energy we can save if all of
design if no one appreciates what is there? And
the existing buildings in the world are turning
what is the point of getting together to be alone
green. I’d say humongous!!!
together?
SMALLER SPACES: On our planet of 7 billion
DISASTER RESISTANCE: This last but not least
people with running-out resources, living and
item is probably the most important one as
Future of Thai Designers
working in a smaller space seems like the right
we are all aware how sick our Mother Earth is.
Theeranuj Karnasuta Wongwaisayawan
idea. We consume too much energy and create
We started learning some decades back about
Managing Director
too many wastes. Think of how much we can
global warming and its effects. We knew the
Interior Architects 49
save and how far we can prolong our resources
consequences but regardless do everything on
for our next generation if every single architects
the contrary. Now we’re facing severe weather
Who am I to say what’s lie in the future of Thai
design their buildings that just right for their
such as snowstorms, hurricanes and typhoons,
designers? I’ve been sitting on this 700 words
efficient usage. Multi-purposed spaces should
frightened by volcanic eruptions and strong
assignment for weeks now. Do I know? Does
be applied. Walkability is the key word, it offers
earthquakes that created destructive tsunamis.
anyone know? One can only guess what’s going
benefits not only to the environment but to our
The temperature and sea level have risen as
to happen but one certainly knows for sure that
health, finances and our community as well.
predicted. So, a good design these days has to withstand all of the above. In other words, has
this world we’re living in is not the world it used to be. So, after almost 30 years in practice, I admit
INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGY: I have to admit that
to be resilience to weather and earth condition.
I don’t have the answer! But I do know that if I
all those unthinkable things I read in science fic-
Moreover to natural disasters, there are also
were to hit the drawing board tomorrow, these
tion novels when I was young, or in sci-fi movies
man-made disasters such as flood causing by
are a few things I would keep in mind;
these days, seem to all come to reality. Nothing
mismanaging water, building collapse, etc. These
is impossible with new technology nowadays.
are another factors to add on as well.
SUSTAINABILITY & ENERGY EFFICIENCY:
There are zillion technologies to talk about but to
These would be the first things that automati-
name a few that relate to our profession would
In all, Thai designers or not, being a designer
cally come to everyone’s mind. I’m sure we are all
be; voice and sensor activation which can be
nowadays is not only about designing to meet
aware of these issues and how important they
use in both residential and commercial setting;
function and aesthetic. There’re far more things
are to our Mother Earth now. And as designers,
biodegradable materials which now, with new
to consider than those. After all, it is a cyber-
we all hold responsible to practice them wisely.
technology, have more varieties; solar power
hi-tech-rapidly-deteriorate-ailing-planet-earth
So, I won’t go babbling on these and save my
and geothermal heating which are more and
we’re living in!
word count on some others.
more advanced and affordable; smart glass or electro-chromic glass that can control light and
RETROFIT THE BUILDINGS: While we’re at the
heat emitting into the building. It can save 25%
subject I might as well touch on this one, which
of HVAC cost in summer. But I would say this is
I think it’s equally important. We are always talk-
still far reach in term of cost.
ing green, sustainable, zero energy buildings, etc. and every continent came up with its own
ANTI-VIRAL: Design to be anti-viral probably
measurement to certify new buildings and praise
sounds very negative and against the stream.
on them. It’s all good but what about the existing
By all means, I’m not against our social network
ones that occupy majority area of each and every
behavior and in fact I’m hooked to it myself. What
cities? Maybe instead of designing new ones
I mean is if our design could encourage people
we should find old ones and retrofit them. The
to mingle with each other and not slipping into
best example would be the NYC’s Empire State
their own world in their palms whenever they are
Building, which was completed in 1931 and went
out in public spaces, that would be wonderful!!
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 398-399 001-660.indd 398
15-1-23 下午4:24
Phenomenon of Thai Modern Design New Ideas & Influences Robin Ward The author of Exploring Bangkok: An Architectural and Historical Guidebook published by Li-Zenn. ‘‘Thai Modern’ Modern’’has hasemerged emergedfrom fromaalong longshadow, shadow, ‘Thai cast by King Mongkut (Rama IV) and King Chulalongkorn (Rama V). As M. R. Kukrit Pramoj wrote, they ‘preempted western colonization by, as it were, colonizing Siam themselves . . . they built in the country, especially in Bangkok, a western architectural façade, behind which the old and original Siam hid itself.’ The duality of old Siam and the West was revealed when Rama V hired a British architect from Singapore to design, at the Grand Palace in Bangkok, the Chakri Maha Prasat Throne Hall (1876-1882). Its fusion of a Throne Hall (1876-1882). Its fusion a neoneo-Renaissance façade and a trio of RattanakoRenaissance façade and a trio offarang Rattanakosinsin-style spires was likened to ‘a wearing spireshat’ was likened to ‘a farang wearing astyle Siamese . Conventionally the structure a Siamese . Conventionally structure would havehat’ had a central domethe but, it has been would have had centralafter dome but, it advisor has been said, acquired thea spires a senior to said,king acquired the spires a senior advisor to the ventured that it after should look more Thai. the king ventured that it should look more Thai. Rama V weighed this question of ‘Thainess’ —a Rama V weighed question of ‘Thainess’ —a concept that still this provokes debate—against concept thatofstill provokes debate—against the benefits modernization. His architectural the benefits modernization. His architectural remaking of of Siam was unashamedly western, remaking of Siam was unashamedly western, mainly neoclassical in style by architects recruited mainly in style architects recruited in Italy, neoclassical which he visited on by a grand tour of Europe Italy, which visited on awould grand have tour of Europe in 1897. Thosehe commissions daunted in 1897. Those commissions havenot daunted local designers and builders,would who were trained local designers who were not trained in western ways.and Thebuilders, kingdom’s first architecture in western The kingdom’s architecture school wasways. not established untilfirst 1930. The typoloschool not established until 1930.to The gies of was old Siam were too formalized fit typolothe gies of oldand Siam were too needs formalized fit the structural functional of thetoking’s
001-660.indd 399 Thai_Mod2_final.indd 399
structural and functional needs ofThe the‘old king’s western-inspired administration. and
design. The sealed, air-conditioned interior is being challenged by solutions that employ natural
western-inspired ‘old andto original Siam’ wasadministration. not ignored butThe confined
ing challenged solutions that employ natural ventilation and by connect buildings to landscapes
original Siam’ wasand not decoration. ignored but confined to temples, fine arts
ventilation and connect buildings to landscapes and water features; eco-rated components and
temples, fine arts and decoration.
and water features; components natural materials areeco-rated being introduced into and build-
A hybrid ‘Modern Thai’ style evolved in the 1920s,
natural materials areand being introduced into building programs; LEED other green accredita-
A hybrid ‘Modern evolvedgables in theon 1920s, with Siamese hatsThai’ and style temple-like
ing programs; LEED and other green tions are encouraged, and sought by accreditaenlight-
with Siamese hats and gables western floor plans. Thistemple-like was promoted byon Rama
tions are encouraged, and sought by enlightened clients.
western floor and plans. This was by Ramaof V’s successor became thepromoted default typology
ened clients.
V’s successor departments and became the defaultoftypology government for much the twen-of
It has taken over a century for Siamese style to
government much the twentieth century.departments To break withfor the past,of the leaders
It has taken over a century for manner. Siamese The stylebest to shine in a truly contemporary
tieth To break withwhich the past, the leaders of thecentury. coup d’état in 1932, overthrew the
shine in Modern’ a truly contemporary manner. The best of ‘Thai is at once local and global. It is
of the coup d’état infor 1932, which overthrew absolute monarchy a constitutional one, the
of ‘ThaibyModern’ is at once local and technology global. It is driven a spirit of enquiry, modern
absolute monarchy formodernism a constitutional one, introduced European in a totalitarian
driven a spirit of enquiry, modern technology and thebyeco-friendliness of the vernacular—an
introduced European in of a totalitarian Art Deco manner. The modernism form-making Le Corbus-
and the eco-friendliness of thebamboo vernacular—an innovative architecture where co-exists
Artand Deco manner.corporate The form-making of Leinvaded Corbusier American imperialism
innovative architecture where bamboo co-exists with reinforced concrete, and lightweight com-
ier and American corporate imperialism invaded the kingdom in the 1960s, when a generation of
with reinforced concrete, and lightweight composite brise-soleil with sliding wooden shutters.
the kingdom the 1960s, when a generation Thai architectsinbegan to study abroad. Much ofof
posite brise-soleil with sliding wooden shutters. The quest for a socially engaged and sustainable
Thai architects to study abroad. Much of their work was began derivative, but of more substance
The quest for a socially engaged and sustainable tropical modernism is producing some fascinat-
their the work was derivative, but of more substance than pick-and-mix postmodernism which
tropical modernism producing some ing transitional work,islooking back as a fascinatway
than the pick-and-mix which followed. None of thosepostmodernism influences dented the
ing transitional work, looking back as a way forward.
followed. None those influences the popularity of theofRattanakosin styledented which is still
forward.
popularityfor oftemple the Rattanakosin is still favoured design. It isstyle alsowhich the heritage favouredwhich for temple design. It is also heritage imagery promotes tourism, as the if that is all imagery which the past is fit for.promotes tourism, as if that is all the past is fit for. Relentless real estate development since the Relentless real estatehotels, development the 1980s has produced resorts, since condomini1980sshopping has produced resorts, condominiums, mallshotels, and office towers. Most of ums, shopping and office Most of them could be malls anywhere. Goodtowers. work with could be anywhere. work athem sense of place is rare, butGood change is inwith the air. a sense of place rare,ofbut change is in the air. Paradoxically theisrise global capitalism has Paradoxically the rise of sensibility, global capitalism has seeded a back-to-basics withtraditional seeded a back-to-basics sensibility, withtraditional and particularly residential architecture an inspiand particularly residential architecture an inspiration for regional modernism. This is a global ration for regional modernism. This is a global phenomenon. phenomenon. Architectural courses in Thai colleges are increasArchitectural courses in Thai colleges are increasingly liberal and progressive, and students who ingly liberal and or progressive, and students who study in Europe North America return with study in Europe North America modified culturalorbearings and arereturn willingwith to modified the cultural bearings andembrace are willing to question status quo. They foreign question the foreign influences, asstatus Rama quo. V did,They but embrace are also aware of influences, as Ramaembedded V did, but are also aware of regional identities in the spatial regional identities in the spatial arrangements and embedded stylized forms of Siamese arrangements and stylized forms ofinterior Siameseis bedesign. The sealed, air-conditioned
23/1/2558 13:26:57 15-1-2910:01:11 上午9:06 28/1/2558
The Pano Penthouse - Bangkok - Ayutt and Associates Design 446
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 446-447 001-660.indd 446
15-1-23 下午1:33
relax 447
001-660.indd 447
12/24/14 5:27 PM 15-1-23 下午1:33
Baan San Kraam - Phetchaburi - Somdoon Architects 454
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 454-455 001-660.indd 454
15-1-23 下午1:33
455
001-660.indd 455
12/24/14 5:28 PM 15-1-23 下午1:33
TSAR Multi-Purpose Room - Bangkok - Department of Architecture 458
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 458-459 001-660.indd 458
15-1-23 下午1:33
Siam@Siam Design Hotel Pattaya - Chon Buri - Leo 3 Interior Architecture 459
001-660.indd 459
1/16/58 BE 下午1:33 4:42 PM 15-1-23
King Power Srivaree Complex - Samut Prakan - Architects 49 476
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 476-477 001-660.indd 476
15-1-23 下午1:33
lighting 477
001-660.indd 477
12/24/14 5:29 PM 15-1-23 下午1:33
Zense Restaurant & Bar - Bangkok - Department of Architecture 486
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 486-487 001-660.indd 486
15-1-23 下午1:33
487
001-660.indd 487
12/24/14 5:30 PM 15-1-23 下午1:33
Dii Med Wellness Spa - Bangkok - Department of Architecture 488
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 488-489 001-660.indd 488
15-1-23 下午1:33
Hilton Sukhumvit Bangkok - Bangkok - Architects 49 489
001-660.indd 489
12/24/14 5:30 PM 15-1-23 下午1:33
MK Central Kitchen - Bangkok - Studio Accent 502
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 502-503 001-660.indd 502
15-1-23 下午1:34
Habitia Clubhouse - Bangkok - IDIN Architects 503
001-660.indd 503
1/16/58 BE 下午1:34 4:45 PM 15-1-23
Nyx by Sansiri - Bangkok - TROP and Palmer & Turner (Thailand) 510
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 510-511 001-660.indd 510
15-1-23 下午1:34
X2 Kuiburi – Prachuap Khiri Khan - Duangrit Bunnag Architect
architecture 511
001-660.indd 511
12/24/14 5:32 PM 15-1-23 下午1:34
Sofitel So Bangkok - Bangkok - The Office of Bangkok Architects 516
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 516-517 001-660.indd 516
15-1-23 下午1:34
Holiday Inn Sukhumvit 22 - Bangkok - SODA (Thailand) 517
001-660.indd 517
1/16/58 BE 下午1:34 4:46 PM 15-1-23
MK Central Kitchen - Bangkok - Agaligo Studio 530
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 530-531 001-660.indd 530
15-1-23 下午1:34
531
001-660.indd 531
12/24/14 5:33 PM 15-1-23 下午1:34
Habitia Clubhouse - Bangkok - IDIN Architects 540
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 540-541 001-660.indd 540
15-1-23 下午1:34
541
001-660.indd 541
12/24/14 5:34 PM 15-1-23 下午1:34
spired by the creations of Boonserm Premthada of Bangkok Project Studio and Im and David Schafer of Studiomake. From their designs, we can see that materials are not simply something to be specified or applied as decoration, but as a way to address issues related to local engagement and context. Constantly sensitive to the new and the old, these architects and designers Bricks & Stones Luke Yeung
are exploring ways to re‐imagine traditional tech-
Principal
of architecture in Thailand.
niques in order to craft a contemporary language
Architectkidd Given increasing demands to shorten the design Somewhere in Ang Thong province, about 100
process in building construction, it is certainly
kilometers north of Bangkok, I am standing out-
not getting easier to introduce new ideas in
side facing the late afternoon sun. In my hand is
architecture. But if we can see the process of con-
a small object, rough in texture and warm to the
struction not only as source of constraints but
touch. It is a piece of brick that has been brought
also of creative potentials, and can invest in the
out of the kiln. Together with the local factory,
local culture of making with everyday materials,
we’ve been working for more than half a year to
I believe that it is possible to envision innovation
get this brick just right. We’ve been fine‐tuning
in Thai design. In today’s design practice, influ-
the texture and color, characteristics derived
ences can come from anywhere, but they should
from the mixture of clay and soil found nearby.
not be accepted blindly ‐ ideas need to be tested,
This customized brick will be eventually be used
modified and shaped within the capacities and
as primary material in our design of a new resi-
resources of the project at hand.
dence in Khao Yai. Some times new building projects focus their To me, this simple piece of brick can say some-
investment in generating grand gestures, such
thing about modern architecture in Thailand.
as with towering structures or complex form‐mak-
Certainly it is no easy task to define what ‘Thai’
ing using the latest high technologies. Perhaps
architecture is ‐ attempts to express cultural iden-
innovation in design could also come from a dif-
tity and symbolism in architecture often result in
ferent place —one that focuses in the finer‐scale
an oversimplification of gestures and forms. None-
of concerns found in materiality and local context.
theless, more designers practicing in Thailand are
This may lead to a more sophisticated way to con-
finding ways to bring new perspectives to this
nect today’s architecture to the rich cultural
question by combining existing values with for-
heritage found in Thailand. By merging an under-
ward‐thinking approaches. Perhaps the answer
standing of local traditions and life with modern
lies in part in creating architecture that can
approaches to technology and materials, we can
connect physical materials to the users’ senses
re‐define modern architecture in Thailand ‐ one
as well as innovating with traditions through the
small piece of brick at a time.
use of homegrown technologies. We are now seeing a new generation of architects prepared to address this challenge in Thailand. Even in the case of the humble brick, we are in-
Thai_Mod2_final.indd 548-549 001-660.indd 548
15-1-23 下午4:24
to the accomplishment of each commission. At
stop working when there is no work, which causes
times, craft architecture is not approved by the
discontinuation of skill improvement. When no
project owner simply due to time constraints.
one hires them, the creative process also pauses.
3. Craftsmen are often qualified regular
7. The gap that divides architects from craftsmen
workers, and hence compensated as such Archi-
is communication. Architects sometimes lack the
tects and owners do not acknowledge their ability
understanding of construction and consequently
and even deem it unnecessary. This results in
are unable to maximize the craftsmen’s potential
Craft Architecture Assistant Professor Boonserm Premthada
low-quality buildings and is the main underlying
or develop a form that is impossible to construct.
reason for the shortage of skilled craftsmen.
Thus, the architect’s nature of communication is
Faculty of Architecture,
In general, the lack of newer generations of highly
authoritative rather than seeking a joint solution
Chulalongkorn University
trained workers threatens the continuity of crafts-
which will create a good working relationship.
manship as a tradition. In today’s world, clients When speaking about craft architecture, people
often value the competitiveness of the price over
Amidst all of these obstacles, it is clear that craft
often think of conservation or restoration of
the credentials of each craftsman. At project meet-
architecture deals with social, political, economic,
historic monuments which may seem outdated
ings, cutting cost is the top priority, whereas the
cultural, environmental and historical contexts,
and require no creativity, a mere replica of the
aspect of working conditions for these people
and the way of life in Thailand. Therefore, craft
original. Personally, I think that craft architecture
remains disregarded.
architecture must maintain the right balance
is a small, yet interesting aspect of architecture
between the preservation and progressive
because it isn’t concerned only with the discussion
4. The passing of knowledge from older to
development of our national heritage. Creating
of the theory, aesthetics and a desire to change
younger generations remains confined to within
a comprehensive and reliable database to record
the world with architecture. Rather, it is a holistic
a small clan or village. The nature of the learning
the history and knowledge of the Thai craftsman
approach to a problem that addresses economic,
process is apprenticeship with an emphasis on
is vital for value-added creation and craft innova-
social, and cultural issues using architecture as
hands-on practice and skill honing. It is an oral
tion through a combination of knowledge of the
a mediator that connects all the interconnected
tradition with no written record. Today these
past and present. Promoting craft architecture not
parts. However, after the completion of the
skills and knowledge are fast disappearing as the
only compliments the development of architec-
Kantana Film and Animation Institute in 2011,
younger generation lacks the inspiration to take
ture in Thailand, but also creates opportunities
I thought about all the obstacles encountered in
on the tradition.
and breathes new life into the forgotten commu-
the development of craft architecture and found that they were derived from several factors
nity of craftsmen. Furthermore, craft architecture 5. Craft architecture is created by hand. Unlike
encourages craftsmen to make sustainable living
architecture of the ‘plastic’ age which values
based on their own knowledge and skills thus
1. Craft architecture is often considered a tradition
impeccable perfection of the industrial system,
enabling them to be more self-dependent. In
that generally includes conservation or restoration
its allure lies in the rough and imperfect nature of
addition to creating beautiful buildings, architects
of historical monuments, which has strict rules and
the work. Consequently, the concept and practice
must use architecture to connect with the Thai
regulations on specific materials and construc-
of craftsmanship may not meet the international
people and urge them to pay attention and take
tion methods to comply with. This framework,
standards the architects, owners or consumers
pride in small things we have inherited from our
therefore, does not interest the new generation
may expect.
ancestors. Finally, craft architecture is a gradual
of architects for they perceive it as unimaginative, retrogressive and counterproductive.
process; thus it allows us to have the time to con6. Most craftsmen lack management skills to
template the past which will eventually lead Thai
handle such important issues as time, income, and
architecture to a strong future.
2. Craft architecture demands a complex and
labor. Moreover, they have not been able to estab-
time-consuming working procedure due to the
lish a network of craftsmen in the related fields.
need to source materials and to recruit skilled
Generally, craftsmen behave like artists,
artisans who are fit for the job. The motivation and
i.e. they only work as they please; when they
mental state of these craftsmen are also essential
please. They live an ordinary and isolated life. They
001-660.indd 549
23/1/2558 15-1-2313:26:59 下午4:24
X2 Kuiburi – Prachuap Khiri Khan - Duangrit Bunnag Architect Life@Ladprao 18 Condominium Garden - Bangkok - shma 550
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 550-551 001-660.indd 550
15-1-23 下午1:36
landscape introduction
551
001-660.indd 551
12/24/14 5:34 PM 15-1-23 下午1:36
Blocs 77 Condominium - Bangkok - shma 556
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 556-557 001-660.indd 556
15-1-23 下午1:36
The Central MK Kitchen - Bangkok - Openbox Architects 557
001-660.indd 557
12/24/14 5:35 PM 15-1-23 下午1:36
Mode 61 - Bangkok - shma 560
Thai_Mod2_12.12.57.indd 560-561 001-660.indd 560
15-1-23 下午1:37
Pyne by Sansiri - Bangkok - TROP 561
001-660.indd 561
12/24/14 5:35 PM 15-1-23 下午1:37