// ARCHITECTURE + URBANISM
LILIANI SAPUTRI
In the next pages, you can find both my academic and professional projects that aim to provide great quality urban environment through mixing uses, ecological sensitivity, activated connection, engaging and 3-Dimensional connectivity.
01 A Programme-Temporality Based Approach
Symbiotic Skyscrapers (Thesis)
02 Ecological Sensitivity
Horizontal Tower
Streets in the Air
Hefei East New Center Master Plan
Guangzhou Shipyard Master Plan (professional work-competition winning entry)
03 Activated Elevated Streets 04 Engaging
05 3-Dimensional Heritage Connectivity
01 A PROGRAMME-TEMPORARILITY BASED A SYMBIOTIC SKYSCRAPER Location: Type: Subject: Date:
Singapore Academic / Individual Research + Design Project 20.511 / Term 9 / Thesis Preparation) & 20.512 / Term 10 / Thesis 26 January - 27April (Thesis Preparation), 17 May-16 August 2016 (Thesis)
APPROACH
Mixed-use has become a major driver of urban renewal as the city seeks to increase its density and livability simultaneously. Yet, the dominant building typology in Singapore solely emphasizes on the potential economic benefits that could be reaped from repeating floorplates repetition and vertically stacking different programmatic functions with little synergy between them. This thesis aimed to design a new typology for mixed-use residential skyscrapers.
High-Density Development in Singapore
Case Studies: Problems of Mixed-Use Skyscrapers
1974 3,537 people/sqkm
2014 7,139 people/sqkm
Clementi Mall
Raffles City
OASIA Hotel
01 Vertical Distance
The distance from the upper floor to the street are increased tremendously as the building go higher which creates isolation from the public life.
As a small island of 719 sqkm, shortage of land area is a huge issue in Singapore. Hence, to cater for the growing population in Singapore, densification through high-rises building typology is inevitable. In 2016, 69% of buildings are above 35m in height. As the population density in 2030 is projected to be twofold of the current population density, more high-rises will be built in Singapore.
02 Isolated Upper Ground Plane
The introduction of the new ground floor plane helps to integrate upper level to the urban life. However, each layer of the new ground is still isolated from each other.
Transformation from Single-use to Mixed-use Skyscrapers The rapid growth of high-rise development also accompanied by the rapid expansion of highrise mixed use developments. Many architects/planners begin to realise that mixed-use is the key component to improve livability. In Singapore, 20% of skyscapers (21 out of 108 towers) that are going to be completed in 2020 will be mixed-use, a significant increase from 5% in 2000.
03 Privatized Public Space
Public spaces are commercialised (shopping mall), privatised and have low level of publicness. Each project still relies on the street to provide public space.
04 Relies Heavily on Elevators
The movement between floor entirely relies on the use of elevators. Each floor becomes an individual entity on its own, closed and separated system. Mix-Use Residential Others Office
05 Limited Interaction
Mix programs are confined within boundary without any opportunities for its synergy.
Thesis Statement “By fostering mutualistic relationships between programs through the use of vertical public spaces, networks of city life can be vertically extended from the city into skyscrapers, which could become a solution to liveability in a high dense situation�
Site Mixed-use Development at MRT Station Historically, MRT Stations are intended only for transit purposes. However, there is an increasing trend of integrating MRT Stations with mixeduse development (shopping malls + residential), such as in the case of Bedok, Clementi, and Jurong East. With this typology, retailers have the assurance that they will always have customers from the train station patrons or residences. While the residences and the train station patrons have the benefit of having retailers nearby. Singapore MRT Network
Telok Blangah MRT Station The site chosen is at Telok Blangah MRT Station which is part of The Greater Southern Waterfront Plan that includes an uninterrupted 30km stretch of waterfront promenade that extends from Labrador Park to Marina South.
30km coastline
Greater Southern Waterfront Plan
SITE
Civic Residential
Park Reserve Site
Commercial Utility
Land Use Plan
Office Shops
Food Playground
Education/ Childcare/ Elderly Care
Amenities
The thesis reimagined the skyscraper as a catalyst of community life through the introduction of public programmes that are lacking on the site such as schools, offices, retail, and community centre within it. Thereafter, the project could be connector between the existing development in the north and future developments in the south.
Transport Network
Study of Programmes Typologies
Analysing these programs in detail, breaking down the physical requirements of each program as well as its occupation schedule, it ultimately led to the conclusion that there is an opportunity to implement a ‘programme temporarily based approach”. That is to say, a physical space can be occupied as different programmes at different timing; a 8m x 8m room can be classrooms during weekdays and activity rooms for community meetings during weekends.
School Classroom Staff Room Admin Office Canteen MPH Basketball Court Library Science Lab Fab Lab Food Lab Music Room Arts Room Dance Room LT Computer Lab Printing Room
Office Area (sqm) 80 100 50 1300 600 900
Unit
150 200 300 120 120 120 120 240 200 15
1 6 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1
28 1 1 1 1 1
Area (sqm) Meeting Room 25 Pantries 25 Activity Room 64
Unit 21 2 8
L1 plan
L2 plan
Occupancy 1100
Weekday
Weekend
Weekday
Weekend
Before Weekday
A Weekend
EMPTY SPACE EMPTY SPACE SCHOOL EMPTY SPACE EMPTY SPACE OFFICE COMMUNITY EMPTY SPACE RETAIL
We
S
Retail: Shophouses
Community Centre Area (sqm) 210 525
Office MPH Basketball Court Activity Room 64 Arts Room 120 Dance Studio 120
Unit 1 1 1 8 1 1
Clinic Store
Area (sqm) 50sqm 50sqm
Unit
L1 plan
L2 plan
Weekday
Weekend
Weekday
Weekend
After
eekday
SCHOOL OFFICE
Weekend
(SHARED SPACE)
COMMUNITY OFFICE RETAIL
(SHARED SPACE)
A Programme-temporarily Based Approach
The exploding and compressing of various programmes can be seen in the diagram below. The new compressed spaces are then placed in a compact manner, according to its adjacency relationships. For instance, a housing which requires privacy is located at the perimeter of the whole development, further away from the lively retail spaces, yet closely connected to the community space. Or, school classrooms should be located near to the teacher’s office or library.
tudio
Theatre
Computer Lab Office
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Compression of programmes space
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Adjacency Diagram
Vertical Street
Massing Strategy
01. Compressed spaces
02. Stacked compressed spaces vertically, while keeping it porous
03. Linking compressed spaces with a vertical street
04 Final Massing
Office Community Space
Weekday Day Time
Weekday Night Time
Weekend Day Time
Weekend Night Time
Retail School
Weekday Day Time
Weekeend Day Time
Sustainability Thin tower with horizontal louvers to reduce the strong sunlight during the day
Ground Level Plan
Ground Level Plaza
Connection to the Metro Station in the basement
02 ECOLOGICAL SENSITIVITY HORIZONTAL TOWER Location: Type: Role in the group: Contribution: Subject: Date:
Singapore Academic / Group Research Project + Individual Design Project Researcher / Collaborated with 2 students to understand and analyse the site in terms of Conducted research and produced research report, including diagrams. 20.112 / Sustainable Design Option Studio 2 / Term 8 12 May-18 June (Group Research), 30 June-6 August 2015 (Individual Design Project)
f ecology, mobility and environmental modeling
Berlayer Creek Mangrove Forest as one of the two mangrove habitat in the south of Singapore, is increasingly under threat in urbanised Singapore. The goal of this project is to integrate mangrove ecology with residential typology, creating a sustainable neigbourhood.
Site Analysis: Ecologically Important Site Berlayer Creek
The Berlayer Creek Mangrove Forest, bordered by the nature reserve to the west and the lush terrains of Keppel Golf Club to the east, has a small creek running through it that has been straightened and widened towards the sea.
Telok Blangah Hill Park Berlayer Creek
It is one of the longest chains of continuous mangroves in Singapore. Being incredibly biodiverse, it holds half of the Singapore mangrove species of flora and fauna, including those listed in rare and endangered categories. Berlayer Creek also served as a important green connector between Labrador Nature Reserve and Telok Blangah Hill Park.
Labrador Nature Reserve
Site Issues: Lack of Buffer Zone & Drastic Change of Water Salinity 3m
High tide Low tide
Mangroves need space to grow. However, the current buffer zone between the mangrove forest and the building is inadequate (3m). This limits the growth of the root of the mangrove tree, resulting in a small and unhealthy mangrove tree. Berlayer Creek lies on the coast, where freshwater is met by ocean tides. During the low tide, the creek is mostly composed of freshwater, while during high tide, it is composed mostly of salt water. This rapid change can cause stress on the mangrove trees as the water’s salinity changes too frequently.
Site Strategies: Channel Freshwater Channel the Mount Faber surface run-off with Berlayer Creek to increase the amount of fresh water, reducing the drastic change of water salinity levels. The existing undulating topography is used to efficiently channel the fresh water to the creek.
Architectural Strategies: Living within Mangrove Forest The goal of this project is to integrate mangrove ecology with mixed-use residential typology, creating a sustainable neighbourhood. Residents could live within the forest, while at the same time, protecting and cultivating its precious mangroves.
01 Typical Slab Block Housing Typology in Singapore Community programmes on the ground floor
Housing
02 More Buffer
More space for mangrove to grow
03 Protective Border
Housing within mangrove forest & the Community Zone creates a protective border towards the mangrove
04 On stilts typology + Shelf-system On stilts strategy provides the least interference on mangrove habitat. Shelfsystem in the Community Zone provides greater flexibility while maintaining porosity towards nature
Be
rla ye r
Cr ee
k
Community Zone
Ground Level Plan
L2 Plan: Void Deck+bridge connecting to the adjacent site
L7 Plan
L3 Plan: Parking
Housing Block
Shelf System: Flexibi
Mix unit types to cater for diverse population
The shelf system has th flexibility to generate variou forms and relationships for th community zone. Through th variation, relationship betwee volumes, indoor and outdoo streets and buildings are forme
Four Bedrooms Unit, 3 Three Bedrooms units, 2 Studio Units
The system also allows f wind and light to penetrate th whole building and at sam time, creating environmental sustainable street space. Alon the street, various programme such as sports area, office, reta open deck are inserted.
Circulation
Lift cores connect directly to th community spine, ensuring th residents passby the commun space before reaching the units; increases the liveliness the spine Community Spine
Future Extension: Mangroves Neighbourhood
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Section through the spine
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View from Living Room - Mangrove Forest
HORIZONTAL T
03 ACTIVATED ELEVATED STREETS STREETS IN THE AIR Location: Type: Subject: Date:
Singapore Academic / Individual Design Project 20.103 / Term 6 / Architecture Core Studio 3 30 September - 12 December 2014
TOWER
York Hill is centrally located between Clarke Quay and Tiong Bahru, vibrant districts in the central of Singapore. Yet, the site isolated and detached from its dynamic neighbours because of the 4 major roads on its perimeter. Furthermore, north of York Hill is proliferated by private hotel enclaves, further isolating and confined the public life of the site. This project aims to create permeable building typology that could be catalyst of active community life by translating the idea of the street as a public space into a modern housing typology.
Site Issues: Isolated ‘Island’ admist being in the city centre The site is located along Singapore river and between two vibrant districts in central Singapore, Clarke Quay and Tiong Bahru. Yet, it is isolated and detached from its dynamic neighbours because of the 4 major roads on its perimeter. Furthermore, north of York Hill is proliferated by hotel enclaves, west of York Hill is reserved state land, further isolating and confined the public life of the site. Havelock Road
Hotel
Public Housing State Land Inaccessible Area
Site
Site
Secondary School
y wa
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ess xpr
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Design Strategy: Streets in the Air This project aims to create permeable building typology that could be the catalyst of active community life by translating the idea of the street as a public space into a modern housing typology. Connectivity
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Human Scale
us
ing
Mixed-Use
L3
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L2
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L1 Co - Co mm mm un erc ity ia Zo l & ne
Juxtaposition of new human-scale typology with existing high-rise slab blocks
Commmercial
Section
Commmercial
Commmercial
Urban catalyst for the neighbourhood
Commmercial
Commmercial
L2 Plan
Diverse unit types connected through layers of street
View from Living Room
L3 P
Activat
Plan
ted Streets
L4 Plan 1-Bedroom Loft Unit 1-Bedroom Unit 2-Bedrooms Unit 3-Bedrooms Unit
This project takes on the challenge to regenerate Hefei Steel Factory industrial heritage into a future innovative city centre that allow future residents, office workers and visitors to interact, engage and enjoy a creative hi-tech and sustainable life without forgetting the past.
04 ENGAGING
HEFEI EAST NEW CENTER MASTER PLAN Location: Type: Role in the group: Contribution: Date:
Hefei, China Professional / Commissioned Project Urban Designer Develop design for the high tech headquarters office zone, living zone and discovery villag concept and strategies. 01 June - 31 July 2020
ge. Develop master planning overall
Site Analysis High Speed Railway Station
8km
Hefei City Centre
Hefei
9km
Site
Yang Tze River Delta 8km
High Speed Railway Station
Located next to a prosperous Yang Tze River Delta
Sub city centre with connection to 2 high speed railway stations
Planning Concept 20th Century Linear Industrial Process
Steel Rolling
Stee l Rol ling
Casting
Blast Furnace
21th Century Iterative Technology Process
Sintering Steel
Cas ting
Exhibit
Expo
Blas t Fur nace
Fabricate
Research
Vision
Fabr icati on H all
Res earc h La b
Dis Villacovery ge Dis Cencovery tre
G Of Sint ering Stee l
Hig HQ oh-tech ffice
Conserved building
Conservation of Industrial Heritage:
Engage and educate the future generation of Hefei steel factory
1 Heritage Tech Axis
Engage future residents and visitors through new iterative tech programmatic zones along the old and new - including green and riverfront corridor.
Central landscape axis link to the blue riverside corridor
High public transport accessibility: 2 metro stations within the site
Green Nodes
Plaza Nodes
Gov e fficernment
1 Green Network
Engage and reconnecting people with nature throughout the entire site
1 Plaza Network Engage interactions between plots
Innovative Hi-tech Headquarters Shopping Hub and Riverfront F&B Apartment District for Tech Talents Riverfront Start-Up Office Villas Culture and Youth Zone Waterfront Park Heritage Axis Government Offices
Metro Station
Metro Station
Engaging Interactions between Innovative Hi-tech Office with the Public 3.3 2.7
3.5 2.0
4.8 2.0 01 Plot Ratio
02 Perimeter retail podium for strong urban edge + shifting office tower locations for unblocked view
03 Museum and experience centre as interface between innovative tech office and public
04 Linking interface buildings with plaza nodes in the central landscape axis
05 Extending central landscape axis to the buildings
06 Green network creating wellconnected high-tech headquarters office
Heritage Blast Furnace Discovery Centre
Landscape Garden Ring 07 Icons flanking two ends of the innovative hi-tech office zone
Future Guidebook for Hefei East Center
01 Blast Furnace Discovery Center
04
05 04 06
04 Research Lab
05 Fabrication Market
06 Expo
01 Ride @ Blast Furnace
02 Central Axis Landscape
01
03 02
03 Oil Tank Park
05 3-DIMENSIONAL HERITAGE CONNECTIVITY GUANGZHOU SHIPYARD MASTER PLAN Location: Type: Role in the group: Contribution: Date:
Guangzhou, China Professional / Competition Winning Entry (WAN Awards Shorlist 2020: Future Project Urb Main Designer for Riverfront Area Develop design for dry dock, cultural centre, slipways and riverfront heritage park, Develop street detailed plans, Coordinated renders with external render company, Produced diagra May 2018-August 2019
The 4 most significant bay areas of the world are by no coincidence the epi-centres of global economy and cultural production. In February 2019, China’s development plan of the Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Macau Greater Bay Area provided the framework for the creation of world class city waterfront regeneration. The Guangzhou’s shipyard, once a pioneering ship building industry in the 19th century, will be transformed to a dynamic, vibrant, diverse and balanced mixed-use development, as a pioneering landmark for the Greater Bay Area.
Y
ban Design Category)
p plans and produced building guidelines for 3 commercial plots, Develop master planning guidelines and ams and Prepared design report and presentation
Site Analysis
km
12
GZ
Located at the epicenter of the Greater Bay Area
Image © 2018 DigitalGlobe
Image © 2018 CNES / Airbus Image © 2018 DigitalGlobe Image © 2018 CNES / Airbus
Opportunity to be a new sub CBD district 12km from current GZ city centre
Planning Concept The goal of this project is to transform a 19th century shipyard into a dynamic, vibrant, diverse and balanced mixed-use development that has at its heart homage to the unique heritage of the China National leviathan of the ship building industry
Conserved Infrastructure : 1 Dry Dock, 3 Slipways, and 2 Cranes
Government Land Use
01 01
uth d So n a th Nor nection Con
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ain
Gr ee
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04 02
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Riverf Conne ront ction
North and South Commercial Types 01 HQ Office: Gateway to GZ Shipyard 02 Creative Tech: Linked Podium and Connection to riverfront 03 Innovation Centre 04 Independent HQ: Smaller footprints and connection to the riverfront
Proposed Connections
s
Plot
nt rfro Rive ection n Con
Strategic location at the intersection between 2 metro lines and T-Junction of a Green axis
Existing shipbuilding industry
Living Commercial Riverfront Heritage
3 Masterplan Zones: Commercial, Living and Riverfront Heritage Zone
07
01 06 04
Commercial and Living Zones
03
02
05
Guangchuan Ring: Main pedestrian network from the plots to the riverfront park
Centre of the site: Future Valley To create a strong and unique shipyard heritage identity
Main Structure The main structure of the master plan is “One Centre, One Ring, Three Zones”. One Centre refers to the Future Valley, which sits at the heart of the development connects metro access with the development’s multi-level pedestrian network One Ring, the Guangchuan Ring, draws visitors from the city centre to the Riverfront Heritage Park. It is the master plan’s main pedestrian circulation network. Three Zones: Commercial Zone Living Zone Riverfront Heritage Zone
One Centre: Future Valley
One Ring: Dry Dock
4 building plots and a metro station exit at B2 level with a metro box cutting through the future valley.
200m long dry dock: 3 Thematic Zones
Zone Futur activ
to L1
to L1
Green terraces to create continuous landscape and connection from ground to B2 level
Multi-level connections: B2 connection to the dry dock through digital grotto, L2 connection between north, south commercial plots and riverfront park and vertical connection through the central tower
Guanggang Park
L2 bridge to enter Future Valley
to B1 Cultural Centre to L1
Zone 1: Vertical Circulation
and
Zone 2: Water Park
Future Valley
Horizontal
Zone spac
Zone
e 1: Forest area - a continuation of re Valley + Commercial interface vating dry dock
e 1: Canopy to create protected ce
e 3: Boat Public Art + Amphitheatre
Basement 2 Digital Grotto to connect to dry dock
Cultural Centre
Commercial
Dry Dock
One Ring: Cultural Centre Fu t
Fu t
ur eV all
ey
The cultural centre is pushed down to the basement to keep the waterfront view intact. The resultant of undulating roofscape becomes an elevated street connecting future valley to the waterfront.
Fu t
ur eV all
ur eV all
ey
ey
A sunken garden at B1 is introduced to connect to the dry dock.
Cultural Centre
Cultural Centre Parking
Cinema
Cafe
Dry Dock
Cultural Centre Sunken Garden at B1
Plaza
Cultural Centre
One Ring: Slipways 1 Existing Slipways
2 Building on top of the slipways
3 Building on the plinth for permeability
4 Space under the slipways utilised as gallery
Slipways Park
The buildings are arranged to create a public space in its centre.
Slipways Cultural Gallery
Future Forum
Tower Bearing Plaza
Fu t
ur eV all ey
South Commercial Plots
ays
Slipw
Ground Level-Car-Free Road
L2- Highline
The south commercial plots are linked with 3-dimensional pedestrian network rich with commercial activities and a series of green open public spaces, creating a human scale and convivial atmosphere between the clustered
L3-Green Ring towers. This network starts from Future Valley and extends to the Riverfront Heritage Zone via a pedestrian bridge (L2) which crosses Changdi Road and lands at the upper level of the preserved slipways.
Elevation along the main road
Shared Pedestrian Street Section
Shared Pedestrian Street Section
Riverfront Heritage Park Chimney as landmark for pedestrian axis
ic a xis
xis na tria s e Ped axis d Roa xis da Roa
Pe de s
tri an
ax
is
Civ
Beams as landmark for road axis
ad
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Tower bearing plaza for civic axis
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Heritage Conservations: Conserved items as markers
North Riverfront: Sports Hub Core Riverfront: Dry Dock, Slipways, Cultural Centre Future Forum South Riverfront: Residential hub
4 Zones
Activities
Riverfront Plaza
Tower Bearing Plaza
Future Forum
Slipways Park
Boat Amphitheatre
Cultural Centre
Water P
Plaza Forest Canopy
Digital Grotto
Future Valley
MRT Exit
Guanggang Park
Metro Exit
Central Tower
Future Valley
Digital Grotto
Forest Canopy
Wa
ater Plaza
Boat Amphitheatre
Heritage Axis
Academic Projects Research Projects (Academic & Professional) Professional Projects
Other projects that I had worked on.
2013
Slot Building / Andres Sevtsuk / Architecture Core Studio 1 Gate House / Andres Sevtsuk / Architecture Core Studio 1 Duality / Andres Sevtsuk / Architecture Core Studio 1 Built Form and Land Use Survey Project / Academic Research / Andres Sevtsuk
2014
Sustainable Housing / Alstan Jakubiec / Architecture Energy & Water Systems City of Freedom / Pauline Ang / Architecture Core Studio 2 Minimal Surface / Stylianos Dritsas / Digital Design and Fabrication Streets in the Air / Kee Wei Hui / Architecture Core Studio 3 (Selected Project 03) Light of Tomorrow / Velux Competition Entry / Group Work
2015
Urban Analysis / Observational-based Research Course / Andres Sevtsuk / Urban Analysis Threshold in residential spaces / Oliver Heckmann / Urban Housing Voids of Discovery / Kevin Mark Low / Sustainable Design Option Studio 1 Horizontal Tower / Thomas Schroepfer / Sustainable Design Option Studio 2 (Selected Project 02) Playblocks / Final Year Project / Capstone Plant Factory / DIVA DAY Competition Entry / Group Work Studying Public Spaces in HDB Estate / Academic Research / Bige Tuncer / Group
2016
Hyperdensity in Singapore 2050 / WOHA Architects / Sustainable Design Option Studio 3 Self-Sustaining Neighbourhood / Alstan Jakubiec / Urban Sustainability Symbiotic Skyscraper / Thesis / Thomas Schroepfer (Selected Project 01) Fort of Good Hope / Group Work The Future of Cities / Student Researcher / Thomas Schroepfer Expo in West Java, Indonesia / Competition Entry / Group Work
2017
Lingang Mixed-Use Development / Architectural Designer Eco Ardence Residential Neighbourhood / Architectural Designer Rochester Integrated Learning Complex SPARK Gives A Shit / Researcher
2018
Guangzhou Shipyard Master Plan / Architectural & Urban Designer (Selected Project 05) Zhongshan Riverfront Development / Architectural Designer SPARK Kiss a Petrol Station Goodbye / Researcher Holland Village Development / Architectural Designer
2019
Runbon Creative Complex / Architectural Designer Longhua Residential Development / Architectural Designer Jizhou Master Plan / Urban Designer Grange Road Youth Park / Architectural Designer SPARK 3 Little Pigs / Researcher
2020
Parklane Shopping Mall Feasibility Study / Architectural Designer Poly Guangzhou Mixed-Use / Architectural Designer Hefei East New Center Master Plan / Urban Designer (Selected Project 04) People Park Complex Feasibility Study / Architectural Designer