Living Landscape Along Feiyun River: Wetland As Flood Prevention MLA Year1 Lifeng Lin Bartlett UCL 2020/21 Design Tutors: Katya Larina & Doug Miller
PROJECT STATEMENT
CONTENTS
Many industrial areas are near the river, and many pollutants are discharged directly into the river, which leads to poor water quality. At the same time, the upper flow of the river brings sediment, forming a high sediment content area. When open space land uses are converted to urban land uses, flood risk will increase. The city only built dams to prevent floods or sea level rise. There is no pro-river landscape along the river. In my design, I want to balance the relationship between the river and the land. Using nature-based technology of sediment deposition to expand the land area, and create urban wetland landscapes. In the meantime, handle the relationship between the industrial area and the residential area of my site.
ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1.1 Urban And Landscape Context Historical expansition Soil Analysis Wind Analysis 1.2 Flooding Condition 1.3 Site Condition And Photos
The project aims to rethink and reconsider the land’s interface with the water, recreate a suitable habitat for different animals and create a place for people to approach nature and water.
LANDSCAPE INHABITATION 2.1 Nature Area Study 2.2 Masterplan And Design Components Site Constraints 2.3 Planting Palette LANDSCAPE REALIZATION 3.1 System Phasing 3.2 Axonmetric Drawing Of Wetland Area 3.3 Key Sections And Detail Drawings 3.4 Construction Detail: Wetland Ponds 3.5 Construction Detail: Artificial Island 3.6 Construction Detail: Sustainability Strategy Of Argriculture Zone 3.7 Design elements 3.8 Evaluating Design In Different Scenarios 3.9 Axonmetric Route Bibliography
1
3 5
7 9 11
13 14 15 19 21 23 25 27 29 30
LEGEND
Ruian province, China Industrial area
Natural area
LEGEND
Agriculture area
Artificial revetment
Feiyun river
Industrial site
Highway
URBAN AND LANDSCAPE CONTEXT
Residential area
School
Secondary road
Industrial area
Farmland area
River
Path
LOCATION
Entertainment area
40m Downtown 20m
8m
Farmland area
0m
80
Industrial area
SOIL COMPOSITION 0
10
5
20 (km)
1000m
N
0
Fluvo aquic soil
Yellow earth
Yellow red earths
Infiltrated paddy soil
Red earths
River soil
Take off the latent paddy soil
Coastal saline soil
Coastal tidal flat
Chernozem
Depth(cm)
RED EARTHS(NATURAL AREA)
Aa
20 40
AP
BS P
60
W
80
BSV GW
100 CSV 250
1
G E
The soil on my site is basiclly the take off the latent paddy soil. Because the soil affected by artificial irrigation, drainage, and fertilization year after year.
EXISTING CONDITION OF RIVER BANK
AVERAGE MONTHLY RAINFALL 2100 water level
May-June is the rainy season and AugustSeptember is the tropical storm rainy season.
350 ml
TAKE OFF THE LATENT PADDY SOIL
0 AH
WIND DIRECTION & SPEED
Most of the banks along this river are artificial embankments, and a small part is natural farmland.
1-2
3
4
5
The wind rose map of Ruian in the past 10 years. It is located in the northern hemisphere and belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate. The annual wind direction in Wenzhou is mainly west in summer and northeast in winter, and the annual wind speed is mainly 1（Level） level 2.
300 ml 250 ml 197ml
200 ml
176ml
150 ml 100 ml
High tide
7m
Fellow brown soil Paday soil
2000m
Low tide Industrial area
50 ml 0 ml
Jan. Feb. Mar.
Apr. May.
Jun.
Jul.
Aug. Sept.
Oct.
Nov. Dec.
Temperature 100 %
Humidity in Wenzhou has great seasonal changes. It has high temperature 2100 water level：7.5m in summer and low temperature Low tide:1m in winter.
90 % 80 % 70 % 60 % 50 % 40 % 30 % 20 % 10 % 0%
2100 water level High tide: 5m
Jan. Feb. Mar. Comfortable
Apr. May. Moist
Jun.
Jul.
Sultry
Aug. Sept. Moist
Oct.
Entertainment area
Nov. Dec. Uncomfortable
Farmland area 2
SITE CONDITION
River
Green area
Hard pavement
Road
Industrial area
Raised dam
Gravel area
Construction area
Sport area
Planed park area
IN 2020 Now the goverment is building an artificial park in that area for people's leisure. But they still need use dam to prevent the flood, which is unnatural. So I design a landscape as an infrastructure to replace dams. And making it still have connection between water and city.
Residential building Factories
Commerical area
Factories
School
B' Raised dam
Residential building
Binjiang Avenue
Gravel area
Construction area
Planed park area
Sport area
A'
Tree-lined boulevard Retaining wall Park
Parking area
Sport area
Residential building Industrial area
Retaining wall Construction area Seafood market
Ports A
N B 0
Land reclamation
IN 2021 Current situation
Level change
Dock
Functional changes
Seafood market
Residential building
Retaining wall
100m
Tree above building
5m
+ Water level 2020
=
Garbages Gravels
Land
Water level 2020: 7.5m
High tide
High tide: 5m
Low tide
Low tide: 1m
Planing to be a public park. being constructing... River area
SECTION A-A' 5
Construction area
Slope area
Tennis court
Tree-lined boulevard Path
Most of the industrial areas are still in use, and the seafood market trade is booming. River area
Reeds area
Sea food market
Dam Tree-lined boulevard Path
SECTION B-B' 6
FLOOD CONDITION
2030
RIVER FLOOD STUDY
2040
2050
2060
2070
2080
2090
2100
LOW TIDE SCENARIO 1000m
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10000
SITE
N
LEGEND Flood 2030
Flood 2070
Flood 2100
LEGEND Buildings
Road
Water system
Flood in 2030
Flood in 2100
River
HIGH TIDE SCENARIO Exposed land
sedimentation outline
2030-2010 Data from: coastal.climatecentral This prediction is under this scenario: Projection type: Sea lever rise Pollution scenario: Moderate cuts Luck: Bad
Rising water levels flooded many low-lying farmland areas within 100 years.
3
According to Google Maps, there are more sediments on the northern bank of the river.
4
WETLAND FORMATION
River
Swamp
Poor drainage
ds
lan Wet
ine lustr
Pa Freshwater
Salt marsh
Saltwater
ds
lan Wet
ine tuar
Es
Different types
Low-lying terrain
Lake, pond
Low vegetation coverage
Natural wetland
ds
ine ustr
Animals
lan Wet
Lac Topography
Shallows and sloughs
water flow, depth, turbidity
Vegetations
Transformation process
Microorganism
Weather
ds
etlan eW
rin Rive
Benefits 50-y
ear
20-y
ear
Strategy one
HOW WETLAND FORMED?
sh
the
1
2.5
pth
d
Artificial wetland
0.4
low
.0m
WL
nd
in Ma m/
er
po
i ers
ain
iv
5.D
6.R
G
be
ols
pe
Floodplain Wetland Different strategy
d Wa
ra sc
d be
po
ed
Re
.1m
+0
3 -0.
s
ed
Re
Stage 2
ter
low
ow
ad
wa
al
Sh
e tm
Mu
We
Create land on the river bank
/s
ion
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P
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ial
tm
ec
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sla
r ate
ge
rid
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at
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I did some research on how the wetland formed. It is divided into two types: constructed wetlands and natural wetlands.
4.N
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on
g ve
1
Ma
Stage 1
Water
ve
ati
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err 3.T
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ea
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Soil
floo
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eu
Pil
rm
Fo
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Shoreline Typology Study
NATURAL AREA STUDY
2007
2010 C'
Artificially constructed area Clays High Tide Level
LEGEND
2014
Water area Reeds
Low tide level
Path
N
Tidal flat Soil area Agricultural area
SectionC-C'
50m
0
C
Passer domesticus Larus canus Anisoptera
2016
Little Egret 8
Euonymus maackii Rupr.
Water flood level
0m
Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis L.
Low tide level Descurainia sophia (L.)Webb. ex Prantl Phragmites communis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
Dabbling duck Periophthalmus cantonensis Brachyura River area
7
Reeds area
Amorpha fruticosa Linn. Salix matsudana Koidz
Brassica oleracea L.
After site investigation, I found that the vegetation types in this ecological zone are single, basically only reeds. But the animals are diverse, including seagulls, egrets, sea ducks, etc. It is already forming a small ecosystem. And there are lots of agricultural lands, and farmers have learnt how to adapt to floods.
Agricultural area
Path
2019 8
MASTERPLAN AND DESIGN COMPONENTS
11
10
12
13
14
1.Floodable park 2.Wetland park
1
2 3
3.Green Industrial Park
y rar
po
m Te
nd
sin
d
po
e ng
roa
e tiv
B
o
Sp
m
ba io-
da
Ac
Wa
a
fic
uri
p ter
n tio
nt
pla
2100 water level: +2.5m
High tide: 5m
10
Low tide: 0.05m 11 4
12 3
6
2
1
13
8
9 5
7
N
14 0
100m
1
2
3
d
lan
is ial
c tifi
Ar 4
el
rav
G
a
are
ed
Re
d
be
6
5
7
8
9
9
rea
ta
s ore
F
9
ic hil rop form d Hy plat
l ura ult rea a
c gri
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Ur
rea
t
rke
rt a
Po
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afo
Se
a dm
ies tor ac f ed on nd o Ab 10
PLANTING SELECTION & OPTIMIZATION
PLANTING PALETTE
The planting species are selected on the basis of different aspects.// All species are all indigenous. And plants adapt to and flourish in different habitats.// Let the site inform the palette. Choose plants and materials that will thrive and function under existing site conditions.// Conserve water with efficient planting and irrigation design. Plants and trees above the water level
WOODY PLANTS
The trees' arrangement in the Evergreen buffer zone Ficus microcarpa Linn. Cerasus yedoensis Elaeocarpus sylvestris Cinnamomum camphora considers three different site Shrub conditions: shallow Tecomaria capensis Symphoricarpos sinensis Rehd. Fatshedera lizei Cosmos sulphureus Cav. water area, near water Deciduous plant area and outlying water area.
Plants on wet soil, temporary flooded
Platanus orientalis Linn.
Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb.
Bischofia polycarpa (Levl.) Airy Shaw
Fruit trees
ARGRICULTURAL PLANTS
Juglans
Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
Myrica rubra (Lour.) S. et Zucc.
Oryza sativa L.
Salicornia europaea L.
Brassica oleracea
Short-season vegeatbles
Plants constantly on wet soil, often flooded Emerging plant
Phragmites australis
Shrub
Adina rubella
COSTAL PLANTS Arbor
Salix babylonica L. Ground cover
Pteridophyta WATER-TOLERATANT PLANTS
Shrub Pittosporum tobira
Plants always under water
Ceratophyllum demersum
Floating plants
Trapa bispinosa Roxb
Trapa quadrispinosa
Floating leaf plants AQUATIC PLANTS
Nymphaea tetragona
Choose to plant fruit trees that are resistant Punica granatum L. to water and humidity, as well as short-season vegetables, provide habitats for birds and insects. Helianthus annuus Linn.
Increase the diversity of shore plants and choose plants with strong sand Typha orientalis Presl Cyperus rotundus L., Carex spp. fixation ability and extensive root systems. Suaeda glauca Bunge Arundo donax var. versicolor Stokes Acorus calamus L. Plants as ecological fences to prevent Metasequoia glyptostroboides Acer buergerianum Miq. pollutants pinus elliottii from entering the water. Trees and shrubs in Glechoma Viola phillipina Pennisetum alopecuroides shallow water enhance the correlation between water and land. Hibiscus syriacus Daphne odora Thunb Sorbaria sorbifolia
Submerged plant
Vallisneria natans
Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
Hydrocleys nymphoides
Emerging plant
Choose aquatic plants with Hydrilla verticillata Myriophyllum verticillatum strong purification ability to absorb toxic substances Pistia stratiotes Eichhornia crassipes in the water system and increase the water body's Nuphar sinensis Callitriche palustris L. dissolved oxygen content.
N
0
20m
PLANT LAYER Upland plants
The rhizomes distribute oxygen into thhe soil, creating ideal coditions for aerobic bacteria to flourish. CO2
O2
O2 Waste water
Terrestial plants Emerging plants Floating leaf plants
Floating plants
Submerged plants Iris sanguinea 11
Carex donlana
Pontederia cordata
Thalia dealbata Fraser
Artificially constructed reedbeds clean up waste water through the interaction of soil-dwelling microbes. 12
Axonometric drawing
PHASING
Key
Wetland landscape along the river
2020
PHASE I The current road system of the site and river bank conditions.
ide
rs
e riv
2025
PHASE II
2035
2045
The aim is to stake out the existing topography of the park site and establish the new territory, including river, wetland ponds and terraced agriculture. In the meantime, we are preserving valuable industrial heritage to form a green industrial park. Bring water into the wetland park.
S nt
pe
Slo
Road
n rre ide Cu d s
Temporary pond
a
ro
Terrain agriculture
PHASE III
Wetland river
The aim is to complete circulation routes. The existing waterbodies being extended. Added to and reprofiled to create shallow water, wet meadow, mudflat and temporary pool area. That area depends on the usage of different animals. Plant with trees and shrubs and sown with a wildflower seed mix.
Marsh/ Ponds
PHASE IV
2055
n
io
at
itu
When the basic ecological facilities have matured, a large wetland area is fully open for tourists to enter. Form a public urban wetland. Sedimentary islands are formed and bridges are built on it. The industrial port area increases the demand for infrastructure according to people's needs. Enhance landscape planting.
Hillside Reed beach
50 ye ar floo de High ti de lev vent el Low ti de lev el
Sedimentary island Breakwater
PHASE V
2065
13
The natural systems of the site will continue to mature and diversify. This kind of wetland measures to deal with riverbank floods will be spread to all the banks of the Feiyun River.
Sedimentary island
Ponds
Hillside
The piles help Accelerate sediment deposition and form small islands.At the same time, provide a resting place for birds and aquatic animals.
The main river is up to 2.5m deep and the different size and depth ponds (0.8m/ 0.5m/ 0.2m) increases the diversity of habitats and reduciing the liikelihood of predation of bird nests.
Hillside, which belongs to the fourth line of defence, protects the city when flood hits. At the same time, different terrains give people a different perspective to play with nature.
14
SECTIONS OF TERRACED AGRICULTURE
Photos
Existing section of natural area
Photos taken from natural area along the river
A'
A
The use of tidal flat area farming is an important part of Wenzhou and has a profound history.
Temporary Storage Building
Planting area 4m depth
Reeds area (most animals live here) 0.3m depth
Water storage ponds Low tide lever
0.2m depth
Detritus Nutrients
0.4m depth
Peat& Soil
SECTION A-A' Tidal flat area
Limestone
Natural terrain Agriculture
Stone In The Pond
Flying Stone (Path)
Detritus Nutrients Peat& Soil
Natural terrain agriculture area along the river
To increase ecological functionality in a restored stream channel. Choose plants with a variety of different functionalities.
Vegetated Edge B'
Flying Stone
Waterproof Layer
Peat& Soil Moss
Moss
Shallow gradient safety bench and maintenance access
B
Site soil
Flying Stone
Aquatic bench
Open water
Using waterproof technology, let some tree species can coexist with water. Including some wild plants.
-0.10 -0.30
Damp bench
-0.50
400mm max depth
Detritus Nutrients
1:3 slope Waterproof Layer
300 200
Peat& Soil http://loftcn.com/ archives/133539.html
https://inhabitat.com/turenscapesregenerative-wetland-park-cleans-upa-post-industrial-landscape-in-china/ liupanshui-minghu-wetland-park-byturenscape-9/
PROPOSED WETLAND SECTION
+8.0
2020 flood level
+7.0
0.8m depth
High tide level
0.2m depth
Low tide level
0.5m depth 2.5m depth
level 1 Sea Barrier
level 2 Hillside
level 3 Artificial Wetland
level 4 Terraced agriculture
0
100m
SECTION B-B' Agriculture area through the wetland park 15
16
KEY SECTIONS AND DETAILS C'
Design a landform that maximizes the potential for habitat diversity and capitalize on the potential to improve water quality—introducing horizontal and vertical complexity with curvilinear forms that increase ecotone edges and create microtopographical features. C The piles help Accelerate sediment deposition and form small islands. At the same time, it provides a resting place for birds and aquatic animals.
Sedimentary Island
Elevated walkway can Speed up the wetland drainage speed. Prevent from being flooded.
Elevated Walkway 2.5m
Large gravel and stone (2-3cm) PVC crawler rig
Wooden floor
Sand and small river deposit
Steel structure
Gravel
Natural stone Top soil Peat& Soil
Breakwater
Tidal marsh
Sedimentary island
At the climax of the daily water level, the river flows over the filter barrier. In the inner part, selected vegetation works as a second phytoremediation filter, oxygenating the water and reducing pollutants. The whole system is supported by a steel structure.
Filter Embankment Hydrophyte
https://www.pinterest.com/ pin/837880705666601271/
http://www.openfabric.eu/projects/ lifelines-berat-albania/
Terraced Agriculture Using exisiting agriculture approaches and drainage patterns. Wooden railing Different kinds of vegetables
River
High tide water
Storage tank
Orchard
Canals(50cm)
Inland river water
Gravel
30°
5m
Large gravel and stone
Structure Sand and small river deposit
http://www.openfabric.eu/ projects/lifelines-berat-albania/
Vegetated edge provides food and cover for fish. At meantimes, purified water quality.
Fluctuating water levels can create dynamic habitat for different living creatures.
45m
Road
Vegetation slows annd filters runoff to improve water quality.
Public access provides needed open space for surrounding communities and citizens
+8.0
Flood level High tide level Low tide level
2.5m depth Waterbreak
Sedimentary island
Tidal flat
River water
Inland river water
Elevated walkway
Hillside
Walking trails
Terraced agriculture
Road 0
100m
SECTION C-C' Through river entrance with proposed wetland water and tidal water 17
18
DETAILED PLAN
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
Wetland ponds
Visualize the different ponds and the soil sturcture. and how it being built.
YE
-2
AR
R1
A YE
Temporary reservoir
3-5
6.
Accessible ponds area Planting island Stone road 1.
Elevated walkway
!!
Metasequoia area
ted
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Dig ke out ep m the ain sa pon nd . ds,
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De sh c i d the a l l o w e w pla gro p o h e r nts wth n d e . of s b a t o d an im s e d i g als o n an d
5.
e th o ion t n t i a er etr l a y pen f e o r o ing th l. i rp t e vent e so a w Pre th t o P u und. r int gro wate es of Pip
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3.
4. Ba
ck
fill
r te w a iver r nt e v a D i m t h nspl he f r o d tra o m t r an es f ins. tre unta mo
sa
nd
t er
N
New wetlands are formed by contour reshaping and ground manipulation that allows river flow diversions inland. 0
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ng
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Shallow ponds area(Mainly 0.2 depth)
Lim
Deep ponds area(Mainly 0.5 depth)
Stone road
ns
bio
REFERENCE
e ton
ga
S Accessible ponds area
Available from：http://loftcn.com/ archives/133539.html
Shallow ponds& Moss
Available from：http://loftcn.com/ archives/133539.html
River side
Available from：https://www.pinterest. com/pin/719731584184584735/
Elevated walkway
Available from：https://www.pinterest. com/pin/215961744618150038/
Metasequoia area
Available from：https://www.pinterest. com/pin/363665738660668900/
The ponds and pools are designed to maximise the topogrphical, and hydrological diversity of the site. Including individual waterbodies with a wide range of maximum depths and permeability. 19
Th wo e po aq rks d nds w as uatic one ill b . se e mb mac The rug lag roin re a ula rl es v r ha erte e ric y sur ve bra h m ve y be te en an acro ed s cre d w phy inc ate tla te, e d. nd bir d
. me r ti ow. e v r e o it g ng let a d h ill c e an e w tim t i e s or a f th d f t o one n e d em an ag ft ab n Ma es le m eti om
S
20
DETAILED PLAN
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
Sedimentary islands
This page shows the construction of sedimentary island. How it being built and the phasing of it. Natural process 3. The breakwater accelerated sediment deposition.
Jungle
4.
Flora Beach path Low tide time 13:00- 21:00
Port
1 year
Stage1 Stage2
2 year
Stage3
5 year Bridge
Artificial process
Perimeter rock bund Existing coastal line
5.
Perimeter rock bund
4.
big rocks weighing 115kg each
The breakwater
Area to be reclaimed Site investigation prior to reclamation works
THE BREAKWATER
Sedimentary island
6.
Creating a perimeter rock bund
Treating & firming the foundation
3 inch PVD crawler rig A minimum depth of 4 feet below the surface is optional.
Top View
Building islands with sediment to prepare for future sea level rise. Creating a hydrophilic space. Using the waterbreak to increase the tide inflow on the shore and bring sediments. Slowly silt when it form a certain scale, then use artificial reinforcement and filling. Finally, an artificial sedimentary island is formed.
Front View
Sea
Ground treatments are done to accelerate consolidation of the clay layer
Reclaimed layer
7. Surcharging the site Place a thick layer of earth on the surface of the reclaimed land to accelerate the compression of the clay layer. Surcharge
2-3cm
8. Takes 6-9 months. Settlement readings are taken every 2 weeks and results are plotted on a graph. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 months 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Settlement(m)
In order for the land to be safely used for future development. 9. Construction work to begin
Cley layer
MATERIAL OF THE BREAKWATER
Plants in
Cleaned reeds
Existing coastal protection
Using fishing net (to catch rubbishs)
Fishing net on the boat
2100 water level: 7.5m
PRODUCTION PROCESS OF REEDS 2. Tied the reeds together into circular posts
Locals and citizens can participate in this activity spontaneously.
This catchment can catch sediments as a obstacles. It also can catch the rubbish in the river. People from local can remove the crap.
3 inch
when sand builds up and buries the fencing, an additional row of sand fencing may be installed to continue to help the dune grow.
1.
High tide level: 5.5m Low tide level: 0.5m
Same length (4 inch)
Reed posts Mature reed: 3m
Fish net
+
3.
Materials
with 50% open space and 50% slats optimizes sand deposition
Th e ha Sed bita im de t w en s wit igne ith e tary i s h s d s co lo lan u ea -le ch th gica ds a vel r l rise at the value e des y h . N ign . ave ew ed the isla for d po nds iver ten c s tial an b e e to gro w
ng alo he a t e . ar for ed fety nland r e i a lt a s e sh od d m ore es flo ulate m s a a pop ide cre rov ich in p s nd , wh isla oast e os he c t Th
Fish net from the site 21
22
DETAILED PLAN
CONSTRUCTION METHODS
Sustainability Strategy Of Argriculture Zone
Sand from the river and mountain
This page shows the construction of terrian argriculture Zone. How it being built and how the water systems work.
Terrain construction
35m
50cm
1.
The lowest terrace is formed first and compacted thoroughly.
4.
Work progresses up slope, each newly formed and compacted terrace is covered with topsoil taken from the slope immediately above.
The topsoil from the area of the next higher terrace is removed and distributed evenly over the lower terrace. 3. The second terrace if formed and compacted, then coverd with topsoil from the area of the third terrace. 2.
Bench terraces are constructed using pickaxes, hoes, and rakes.
Fruit tree area Path Hygrophilous crops
Drainage construction Waterways from draining excess water for fields.
5. Begin to dig out canals for drainage.
Flood-tolerant crops
Canals
6. Grass is planted on terrace.
0
10m
FIELD DESIGN Orchard terrace
Planting perennial crops has minimal disturbance to the soil. these plants must be planted closely spaced in 2 or rows in order to form effective barriers.
A system of canals built can effectively minimize soil erosion and conserve water. (Like natural area)
Crop area Use ground cover when cultivating annual crops
The use of a crop rotation sequence, rather than continual successive plantings of the same crop.
Bund
50cm
Strips of nitrogen-fixing and/or wood or fruit producing trees may be used as barriers.
Canals Water flow
30cm 30% Slope
Protective barrier 2m 1.5m planting section
10% in
verse
5m
0.5m drainage section Grass line
1m Row3 Row2 Row1
25-40cm
Ce
slope
me nt ag layer an ic l aye Top r soi l Or
Soil trap
1m
Su
Flood line once in 50 years
bs
Pa
oil
ren
REFERENCE Terraced agriculture
Available from：https://www.costa-ricamountain-property.com/costa_rica_ mountain_permaculture.html
23
tm
ate
ria
Orchard terrace
Path
Available from：https://kairosphotos. photoshelter.com/image/ I0000BTjLbt5LN2M
Available from：https://www.tinuku. com/2016/12/78.html
l
Canals
Available from：https://www.pinterest. com/pin/222717144062145577/
The local people have a demand for urban agriculture. People grow vegetables on the dam. So creating a terraced agriculture area to allow citizens to plant freely.
Pre dra serv ina e e ge xist i pa tte ng na rns t thr ive a g ou gh ricul sen ture siti ve appro de sig ache ns sa olu nd tion s.
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RESEA
RCH RO
UTE
NATURAL AREA
SITE
Observe the growth status of the wetland. The bridge has functions such as bird watching and traffic.
Transplant plants with high survival rate to wetlands.
Reuse of stone and steel structure from demolished or useless factory.
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DIFFERENT SCENARIO OF THE WETLAND LANDSCAPE TIME 12 9
12 3
9
6
3 6
Fine-grained sediment
Plastic bag Nitrite Phosphate
Plant erosion
CONSTRUCTION PROCESS In the first stage, sand and soil are transported by engineering vehicles to balance the terrain. (Build soil slopes and land.) Build primary roads and place some shaped plants.
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LOW TIDE LEVEL At low tide, the beach is revealed. People can play on the beach. Farmers are ploughing the soil to make it more vigorous. The wetland landscape is growing.
HIGH TIDE LEVEL The river flooded the beach. At the same time, the water level of the river rises. With time passing by, the crops mature...
ATFER TYPHOON HITS Many trees were blown down by the typhoon. But these stumps can be reused as seats or some ponds road.
100 YEARS LATER The water level rises, flooding most of the wetlands. People use the previous technology to build new artificial islands to expand the land.
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Reference Joural Article: Acreman, M. and Holden, J. (2013). “How wetlands affect floods.” Wetlands, 33 (5), pp. 773–786. Available from: 10.1007/s13157-013-0473-2. Ana, A. and Maj, P. (2015). In-Situ Network: Palm tree branches for coastal protectio. Available from:https://www.lafargeholcim-foundation.org/ Projects/in-situ-network# Carl Crozier(1986) Soil conservation techniques for hillside farms. Available from:http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0hdl--000----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-help---00-0-1-00-0-0-11-1-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL2.11.4&d=HASH01ddf12679fcd1bd96b434 4b.3&hl=0&gc=0&gt=2/ (Accessed 21 April 2021) Richard Hellier (1990). Floodplain wetland mosaic. Available from: https://www.therrc.co.uk/pdf/manual/MAN_7_2.pdf/ (Accessed 21 April 2021) Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) Technologies and Agroforestry Systems (International Institute for Rural Reconstruction (IIRR), 1992) Available from: http://www.nzdl.org/cgi-bin/library?e=d-00000-00---off-0envl--00-0----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-help--00-0-1-00-0-0-11-1-0utfZz-8-00&cl=CL3.18&d=HASH0e60c689ba42d668653f64.10.4&gt=1 (Accessed 21 April 2021) Zhao Shuang, Li Qing (2012) "Analysis on Wetland Plant Connfiguration of Houtan Park in Shanghai " Available from: https://wap.cnki.net/huiyiEGYP201208001108.html
Websites: ART BIOTOP WATER GARDEN(2019) https://divisare.com/projects/415578-junya-ishigami-associates-art-biotop-water-garden/ (Accessed 13April 2021) Chongqing Tongnan Big Buddha Temple Wetland Park(2019) https://www.turenscape.com/project/detail/4780.html/ (Accessed 24April 2021) Effects of typhoon on sedimentary processes of embayment tidal flatA case study from the “Fenghuang” typhoon(2008) http://www.hyxbocean. cn/article/id/20090609 (Accessed 25April 2021) Explore the Ruian Coastline(2018) https://www.sohu.com/a/273820376_467845/ (Accessed 13 April 2021) Great lakes(2020) https://www.gooood.cn/2020-asla-analysis-and-planning-award-of-honor-sensitive-structures-a-landscape-approach-forgreat-lakes-coasts-healthy-port-futures.htm/ (Accessed 24April 2021) Wuhan Yangtze Riverfront Park(2019) https://www.gooood.cn/wuhan-yangtze-riverfront-park-in-china-by-sasaki.htm/ (Accessed 24April 2021) Ongzi's SecretGarden(2012) http://ongzi-secretgarden.blogspot.com/2012/06/vetiver-seedlings-humiveti-humibox.html/ (Accessed 21 April 2021) Lifelines(2015) http://www.openfabric.eu/projects/lifelines-berat-albania/ (Accessed 13 April 2021) Slow Down: Liupanshui Minghu Wetland Park(2013) https://www.world-architects.com/en/turenscape-haidian-district-beijing/project/slow-downliupanshui-minghu-wetland-park/ (Accessed 18 April 2021) StormSmart Properties Fact Sheet 3: Planting Vegetation to Reduce Erosion and Storm Damage(2013) https://www.mass.gov/service-details/ stormsmart-properties-fact-sheet-3-planting-vegetation-to-reduce-erosion-and-storm/ (Accessed 13 April 2021) StormSmart Properties Fact Sheet 6: Sand Fencing(2013) https://www.mass.gov/service-details/stormsmart-properties-fact-sheet-6-sandfencing (Accessed 13 April 2021) URBAN ARCHIPELAGO(2019) https://www.arch.hku.hk/gallery/dla/mla-studio-3b-2019-20/ (Accessed 8 April 2021) Weiliu Wetland Park(2019) https://worldlandscapearchitect.com/weiliu-wetland-park-xianyang-china-yifang-ecoscape/#.YIOEsJMzbxg/ (Accessed 24April 2021)
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