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L=kh 'kfDr fo'ks"kkad bl vad esa---

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ehfM;k izksQs'kuyksa ds vkRefparu vkSj vkReeaFku dk izdYi

01

o"kZ&9] vad&36] tqykbZ&flrEcj] 2015

CykWx& mediavimarshindia.blogspot.in

ekun lykgdkj laiknd

L=kh 'kfDr

fo’oukFk lpnso] ijekRekukFk f}osnh laiknd Jhdkar flag v"VHkqtk 'kqDy] xksik ckxph] lqHknzk jkBkSj] vkjrh lkjax dk;Zdkjh laiknd

lat; f}osnh

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lq/khj fo|kFkhZ vadqj fot;oxhZ; 'ksQkyh prqoZsnh lh-t;'kadj ckcw royhu flag

eks- 09893598888 izca/k laiknd

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izHkkr feJ] 'khrykuan frokjh] f'kf'kj f}osnh 428&jksfgr uxj] Qst&1] Hkksiky&462039 ¼eiz½ eksckby % 09893598888 E-mail: mediavimarsh@gmail.com

1. Puja Mishra 2. Mamta Ojha

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lk{kkRdkj 1- _rs'k pkS/kjh 2- fouhr mRiy

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Le`fr 'ks"k

doj ist f'kYik vxzoky lg;ksx jkf'k ;g vad % j 50 okf"kZd % j 200] ¼O;fDrxr½ % j 400 ¼laLFkkxr½ euhvkMZj] Mªk¶V ;k psd ehfM;k foe'kZ&Hkksiky ds uke ls gh HkstsaA ckgj ds psd esa 40 #i;s vfrfjDr tksM+saA leLr in voSrfud] jpukvksa dk nkf;Ro jpukdkjksa ijA fdlh Hkh fookn dk twfjlfMD’ku jk;iqj gksxkA eqnzd ,oa izdk’kd Hkwfedk f}osnh }kjk fiz;adk vkWQlsV] 25 ,& izsl dkEiysDl] ,e-ih- uxj] Hkksiky ls eqfnzr djkdj ,e-vkbZ-th-& 37] gkmflax cksMZ dkyksuh] dpuk] jk;iqj ¼NÙkhlx<+½ ls izdkf’krA laiknd % Jhdkar flag

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

Jhdkar flag lqHknzk jkBkSj

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flus&foe'kZ jkds'k mik/;k;

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vk;kstu

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osn izrki oSfnd mes'k prqoZsnh

jktsUnz flag

1- eaxyk vuqtk 2- ofrZdk uank 3- fouhr mRiy 4- lat; f}osnh 5- lfork flag 6- lqHknzk jkBkSj 7- lat; dqekj 8- ;'kfLouh ikaMs 9- Le`fr vkfnR; 10- vkfnR; dqekj feJk

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jkexksiky flag

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laikndh;

Hkk"kk dh Hkh gS ,d jktuhfr vkb, ryk'ksa fganh dh fodkl ck/kk

nqfu;k dh reke laLd`fr;ka viuh tM+ksa dks ryk'k dj muds ikl ykSV jgh gSaA reke lekt vius gksus vkSj egRoiw.kZ gksus ds fy, u;k 'kks/k djrs gq,] viuh laLd`fr dk iquikZB dj jgs gSaA ,d ckj Hkkjr dk Hkh Hkkjr ls ifjp; djkus dh t:jr gSA mls mlds rRo vkSj lRo ls ifjfpr djkus dh t:jr gSA ;gh Hkkjr ifjp; gesa Hkk"kk dh jktuhfr ls cpk,xk] gekjh igpku dh vfuok;Zrk dks Hkh lkfcr djsxkA

Hkksiky esa fo'o fganh lEesyu flracj eghus esa gksus tk jgk rks ,d ckj v c;gtcfd fopkj t:j gksuk pkfg, fd vkf[kj fganh ds fodkl dh leL;k,a D;k gSa\ os dkSu ls yksx vkSj rRo gSa tks fganh dh fodkl ck/kk gSa\ lgh ek;uksa esa fganh ds eku&vieku dk ladV jktuhfrd T;knk gSA ge fiNys lkr n'kdksa esa u rks fganh lekt cuk lds u gh viuh Hkk"kk] ekVh vkSj laLd`fr dks izse djus okyk Hkko yksxksa ds eu esa txk lds gSaA xqykeh esa feys] vaxzsft;r esa fyiVs ewY; vkt Hkh gekjs fy, vkd"kZd gSa vkSj vkRerRo dh ukle>h gesa fujarj viuh gh tM+ksa ls nwj djrh tk jgh gSA ;wjksfi;u fopkjksa ls izHkkfor gekjk lewpk lkoZtfud thou bldh felky gS vkSj ge blls fpids jgus dh foo'krk ls Hkh f?kjs gSaA bruk vkRenSU; ;qä lekt 'kk;n nqfu;k dh fdlh /kjrh ij fuokl djrk gksA bl vfu"V dks tkuus ds ckn Hkh ge bl pØ esa cus jguk pkgrs gSaA fganh vkt euksjatu vkSj oksV ekaxus Hkj dh Hkk"kk cudj jg x;h gS rks blds dkj.k rks ge yksx gh gSaA ftl rjg dh QwgM+ dkesMh Vhoh ij n`';eku gksrh gS D;k ;gh fganh dh 'kfä gS\ fganh ekul dks Hkz"V djus ds fy, Vhoh vkSj lewps ehfM;k {ks=k dk ;ksxnku de ugha gSA vkt fganh dh igpku mldh vdknfed miyfC/k;ksa ds fy, dgka cu ik jgh gS\ mPp f'k{kk dk iwjk fØ;k&O;kikj vaxzsth ds lgkjs gh iy vkSj py jgk gSA izkbZejh f'k{kk ls rks fganh dks iz;kliwoZd fuokZlu ns gh fn;k x;k gSA vkt fganh flQZ etcwj vkSj xjhc lekt dh Hkk"kk cudj jg x;h gSA fganh dk jktuhfrd /ksjk vkSj izHkko rks cuk gS] fdarq og pqukoh thrus rd gh gSA fganh {ks=k esa vaxzsth Ldwy ftl rsth ls [kqy jgs gSa vkSj bafXy'k Lihfdax fl[kkus ds dksfpax ftl rjg iuis gSa og gekjs vkRenSU; dk gh izdVhdj.k gSaA reke oSKkfud 'kks/k ;g crkrs gSa ekr`Hkk"kk esa f'k{kk gh mi;ksxh gS] ij iwjh Ldwyh f'k{kk dks vaxzsth ij vk/kkfjr cukdj ge cPpksa dh ekSfyd psruk dks u"V djus ij vkeknk gSaA fganh Js"Bre Hkk"kk gS] gesa Js"Bre dks gh Lohdkj djuk pkfg,A ysfdu ge viuh lksp] j.kuhfr vkSj VsDukykth esa fiNM+siu ds pyrs ekr [kk jgs gSaA ,sls esa viuh detksfj;ksa dks igpkuuk vkSj 'kfä dk lgh vkdyu cgqr t:jh gSA vkt Hkkjr esa fu'p; gh laidZ Hkk"kk ds :i esa fganh ,d Lohdk;Z Hkk"kk cu pqdh gS fdarq jktuhfrd&iz'kklfud Lrj ij mldh mis{kk dk nkSj tkjh gSA cktkj Hkk"kk ds vuqlkj cny jgk gSA ,d cM+h Hkk"kk gksus ds ukrs vxj ge bldh jktuhfrd 'kfä dks ,dtqV djsa] rks ;g egRoiw.kZ gks ldrk gSA cktkj dks Hkh gekjs vuqlkj cnyuk vkSj <yuk gksxkA fganh dh 'kfä dks cktkj vkSj euksjatu dh nqfu;k esa dke djus okyh 'kfä;ksa us igpkuk gSA vkt fganh Hkkjr esa cktkj vkSj euksjatu dh lcls cM+h Hkk"kk gSA fdarq gekjs

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

03 jktuhfrd vkSj iz'kklfud rat ij NkbZ mifuos'koknh Nk;k vkSj vaxzsft;r us gesa dgha dk ugha NksM+k gSA ns'k dk lkjk jktuhfrd&iz'kklfud vkSj U;kf;d foe'kZ ,d fons'kh Hkk"kk dk eksgrkt gSA gekjh cM+h vnkyrsa Hkh cspkjs vke fganqLrkuh dks U;k; vaxzsth esa miyC/k djkrh gSaA bl lewps ra=k ds f[kykQ [kM+s gksus vkSj cksyus dk lkgl gekjh jktuhfr esa ugha gSA vktknh ds bu o"kksaZ esa gj jax vkSj gj >aMs us bl ns'k ij jkt dj fy;k gS] fdarq fganh ogha dh ogha gSA fganh ds fy, thus&ejus dh dlesa [kkus ds ckn lkjk dqN ogha Bgj tkrk gSA jk"Vªfirk egkRek xka/kh vxj vktknh ds ckn dgrs gSa fd yksxksa ls dg nks xka/kh vaxzsth Hkwy x;k gS rks blds cgqr lkgfld vFkZ vkSj ladYi gSaA bl ladYi ls gekjh jktuhfr vius dks tksM+us esa foQy ikrh gSA Hkk"kk ds loky ij jktuhfrd ladYi ds vHkko us fganh lfgr lHkh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dks ix&ix ij viekfur fd;k gSA fganh vkSj Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa ds lEeku dh txg vaxzsth us ys yh gS] tks bl ns'k dh Hkk"kk ugha gSA vaxzsth mifuos'kokn ds f[kykQ gekjh yM+kbZ D;k flQZ 'kkld cnyus dh Fkh\ tkfgj rkSj ij ugha] ;g yM+kbZ ns'k vkSj mlds yksxksa dks U;k; fnykus dh tax FkhA Lojkt ykus dh tax FkhA ;g ns'k viuh Hkk"kkvksa es cksys] lksps] xk,] fopkj djs vkSj tax yM+s] ;gh liuk FkkA blfy, xqtjkr ds xka/kh ls ysdj nf{k.k ds jktxksikykpkjh fganh ds lkFk fn[ksA fdarq vktknh ikrs gh ,slk D;k gqvk fd gekjh Hkk"kk,a ouokl Hkst nh x;ha vkSj vaxzsth fQj ls jkuh cu x;hA D;k gekjh Hkk"kk esa lkeF;Z ugha Fkh\ D;k gekjh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kk,a Kku&foKku ds fofo/k vuq'kkluksa dks O;ä djus esa leFkZ ugha gSa\ gekjs ikl rfey tSlh iqjkuh Hkk"kk gS] fganh tSlh O;kid Hkk"kk gS rks ckaXyk vkSj ejkBh tSlh le`) Hkk"kkvksa dk lalkj gSA ysfdu 'kk;n vkRexkSjo u gksus ds dkj.k ge viuh 'kfä dks de djds vkadrs gSaA viuh Hkk"kk] viuh laLd`fr] viuh thou'kSyh vkSj ewY;ksa dks nhurk ls ns[kuk vkSj mlds ysdj u xkSjocks/k] u lEekucks/kA viuh ekVh dh phtsa gesa derj fn[krh gSaA Hkk"kk Hkh mlh dk f'kdkj gSA ,sls esa tc dksbZ Hkh lekt vkRenSU; dk f'kdkj gksrk gS rks og ,d n;uh; lekt curk gSA og

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

lekt viuh Nk;k ls Mjrk gSA mldk vkRefo'okl de gksrk tkrk gS vkSj og viuh lQyrkvksa dks Hkh nwljksa dh Lohd`fr ls gh Lohdkj dj ikrk gSA ;g Hkkjrcks/k c<+kus vkSj crkus dh t:jr gSA Hkkjrcks/k vkSj HkkjrxkSjo u gksxk rks gesa gekjh Hkk"kk vkSj Hkwfe nksuksa ls nwj tkuk gksxkA ge bl tehu ij gksdj Hkh bl ekVh ds ugha gksxsaA nqfu;k dh reke laLd`fr;ka viuh tM+ksa dks ryk'k dj muds ikl ykSV jgh gSaA reke lekt vius gksus vkSj egRoiw.kZ gksus ds fy, u;k 'kks/k djrs gq,] viuh laLd`fr dk iquikZB dj jgs gSaA ,d ckj Hkkjr dk Hkh Hkkjr ls ifjp; djkus dh t:jr gSA mls mlds rRo vkSj lRo ls ifjfpr djkus dh t:jr gSA ;gh Hkkjr ifjp; gesa Hkk"kk dh jktuhfr ls cpk,xk] gekjh igpku dh vfuok;Zrk dks Hkh lkfcr djsxkA

ehfM;k esa L=kh 'kfä dk vorj.k% ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* dk ;g vad ehfM;k esa L=kh dh 'kfä ij dsafnzr gSA bu rkdroj] fo}ku] [kwclwjr vkSj izca/ku ds Kku ds ycjst fL=k;ksa us U;wt :e dk psgjk&eksgjk cny fn;k gSA if=kdk dk ;g vad blh cnyko dks js[kkafdr djus dk iz;kl gSA bl dksf'k'k esa dqN ukeoj ehfM;k gfLr;ksa ds lk{kkRdkj] mudh izksQkby ds lkFk&lkFk fo'ys"k.kkRed ys[k Hkh gSaA ckotwn blds ge ;g nkok ugha dj ldrs fd ;g ehfM;k esa ekStwn L=kh 'kfä dk lexz ewY;kadu gSA lgh ek;us esa ;g fogaxkoyksdu gh gSA ftlls ,d >yd feyrh gS fd fdl rjg Hkkjrh; L=kh us ehfM;k dh dfBu nqfu;k esa ,d cM+h txg cukbZ gSA os fujarj csgrj djrs gq, vkxs c<+ jgh gSaA ;g ifjorZu lekt thou ds lHkh {ks=kksa esa ?kfVr gks jgs gSa] ,d ehfM;k dsafnzr if=kdk gksus ds ukrs vius ifjos'k esa gks jgh bl ?kVuk dks js[kkafdr djus dh geus dksf'k'k dh gSA mEehn gS fd vkidks ;g iz;kl ilan vk,xkA vkidh izfrfØ;kvksa dk cslczh ls jgsxk bartkjA lq/kh ikBdksa dks Lora=krk fnol] j{kkca/ku vkSj tUek"Veh dh 'kqHkdkeuk,aA ¼lat; f}osnh½ bZ&esy%123dwivedi@gmail.com

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feyh vkidh ikrh

8 fganh v[kckjksa dh nqnZ'kk dk lVhd fp=k.k vkt ewY;ghurk ds bl nkSj esa ehfM;k foe'kZ Vision 2020 lqe/kqj >kssads dh rjg ru&eu esa LQwfrZ dk vfHkuo lapkj djrk gSA oSls rks ehfM;k foe'kZ dk gj vad lEiw.kZ ehfM;k txr dk ekxZn'kZu djrk izrhr gksrk gSA fdUrq izLrqr vad esa fo}ku ys[kdksa }kjk ftl m|ke vk'kkokfnrk dk ifjp; fn;k x;k gS og okLro esa LrqR; gSA Jh dey nhf{kr th us bl dky[k.M dks vkRefparu] vkRe eaFku ds uke ls vfHkfgr fd;k gSA laikndh; esa fo}ku laiknd us fgUnh v[kckjksa dh nqnZ'kk dk lVhd fp=k.k mdsjk gSA vkt fgUnh ds v[kckj i<+s ugha tk jgs gSa] cfYd iyVs tk jgs gSaA fgUnh ds v[kckjksa esa xaHkhj fo"k;ksa ds foe'kZ dk VksVk iM+rk tk jgk gSA laiknd us bl lgt lPpkbZ dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k gSA vad esa vU; euhf"k;ksa }kjk orZeku dk vkdyu djrs gq, Hkfo"; dh laHkkouk dks x<+k x;k gS vkSj ehfM;k txr dh orZeku ,oa Hkkoh laHkkfor pqukSfr;ksa ls ikBd dks :c: djk;k x;k gSA vad esa Jh v'kksd oktis;h ,oa Jh osn izrki oSfnd dk csckd vuq'khyu izHkkoksRiknd jgkA vkt dh i=kdkfjrk dh ^csg;k;h* dks Hkh osn izrki oSfnd th us iwjh rjg ls m/kkM+ dj j[k fn;k gSA ehfM;k dh csg;k uaxbZ dh vksj lat; f}osnh viuh laikfnr iqLrd ^HkweaMyhdj.k] ehfM;k vkSj lekt* esa b'kkjk dj pqds gSaA dqy feykdj vad iBuh; ,oa laxzg.kh; gSA izLrqr vad esa Jh v"VHkqtk 'kqDy th dk ;k=kk o`Ùkkar i<+kA ;k=kk o`Ùkkar ds izFke nks i`"B Jh 'kqDy th dqN lQkbZ ls nsrs yxsA tSls fd fons'kh ;k=kk gsrq mudk p;u dksbZ vijk/k gks x;k gS vkSj 'kqDy th iafDr nj iafDr] 'kCn&nj&'kCn vius vkidks funksZ"k lkfcr djus esa yxs gksaA tSls fd lewpk fgUnh lalkj Jh 'kqDy th dks dB?kjs esa [kM+k fd, gS vkSj Jh 'kqDy th ;su&dsu izdkjs.k viuh funksZf"krk lkfcr djus dk vlQy iz;kl dj jgs gkasA ckr dqN le> esa ugha vkbZA fgUnh ds izfrfuf/kRo tSls iz'u ij ftl ij fdlh Hkh LokfHkekuh O;fDr dks xoZ gksuk pkfg,] ;g n;uh; eqnzk D;ska\ D;k ;g fgUnh ys[kdksa dh var'psruk esa fNih gqbZ ghu Hkkouk rks ugha\

& f'ko'kadj feJ] rqjdfg;k] cLrh ¼m-iz-½

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fopkjksÙkstd cgl dh 'kq#vkr

;g fo'ks"kkad bl n`f"V ls egRoiw.kZ gS fd blus Hkkjrh; ehfM;k ds rsth ls cnyrs Lo#i vkSj mldh pqukSfr;ksa ds ckjs esa ,d fopkjksÙkstd cgl dh 'kq#vkr dh gSA ;fn bl fo'ks"kkad esa dqN vkSj ehfM;k fo'ys"kdksa ls vkxzg djds fy[kok;k tkrk rks bldh lkFkZdrk vkSj c<+ tkrhA cgjgky] tks gS de ugha gSA blds fy, vki gekjh gkfnZd c/kkbZ ysaA 'kqHkdkeukvksa ds lkFk]

& Hkkjr Hkkj}kt 134&,] Åuk ,UDyso] e;wj fogkj] Qst& 1] fnYyh& 110091

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ehfM;k ij lkFkZd ,oa xq.kkRed fdrkcksa dk u gksuk nks"k fdldk\

dkQh le; ds ckn ehfM;k foe'kZ dk twu] 2015 dk vad feykA vad ds lkFk lat; f}osnh th ds I;kj dh vuqHkwfr ifjyf{kr gksrh gSA iwjs vad esa Hkkjrh; ehfM;k fotu 2020 ij NksVs&cM+s ys[kdksa dh Lora=k vfHkO;fDr ds :i esa if=kdk dks laokjk x;k gSA lpeqp esa laiknd egksn; c/kkbZ ds ik=k gSaA ;gh vfHkO;fDr ehfM;k foe'kZ ds ikBdksa ds ekxZn'kZu dh Hkwfedk fuHkk;sxhA vktknh ds 68 lky ckn Hkh ofrZdk uank ehfM;k ij lkFkZd o xq.kkRed fdrkcksa dk vHkko crk jgh gSaA fdrkc fy[kus okys] ikB~;Øe cukus okys] i=k&if=kdkvksa ds fy, fjiksfVZax ls ysdj laiknu rd lHkh dk;Z djus okys ,d fo'ks"k oxZ ds yksx gaSA Vhoh pSuyksa ij Hkh ,d fo'ks"k oxZ ds yksxksa }kjk cgl gksrh gSA ;kuh lewpk ckSf)d oxZ ,d fo'ks"k tkfr ls cuk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa ehfM;k ij lkFkZd ,oa xq.kkRed fdrkcksa dk u gksuk nks"k fdldk\ tks yksx i=k&if=kdkvksa esa cM+s&cM+s ys[k fy[krs gSaA Vh-oh- pSuyksa ij yEch&yEch ckrsa djrs gSaA muds fy, ;g cM+s 'keZ dh ckr gSA laiknd egksn; ofrZdk uank dh ckr dks xaHkhj :i ls ysaA laHko gks lds rks if=kdk dk ,d vad ehfM;k ls lEcfU/kr fdrkcksa ij vkuk pkfg,A izdk'k nqcs o nsoozr flag dk vkyss[k cgqr vPNk yxkA ftruh izla'kk dh tk, mruh gh de gSA

& MkW- :ipan xkSre] 228@9] eaMksyh] fnYyh& 93

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lkfgR; dks Hkh nsa egRo

vkidh if=kdk fu'p; gh ehfM;k ds lanHkkZsa ij ns'k dh lcls egRoiw.kZ if=kdk gSA blesa gksus okyh ppkZ;sa i=kdkj txr ds fy, csgn mi;ksxh gSaA D;k gh vPNk gksrk vxj dqN i`"B lkfgR; vkSj laLd`fr ds fy, Hkh vkjf{kr fd;s tkrsA lkfgR; dh viuh [kkl vkSj cM+h txg gSA eq[;/kkjk dh ehfM;k esa lkfgR; dks gkf'k;s ij yxk fn;k x;k gSA ,sls esa ehfM;k foe'kZ Hkh lkfgR; vkSj laLd`fr ls eqag eksM+ ys & fot; dqekj izoklh] ukyklksikjk ¼bZLV½] eqEcbZ ¼egkjk"Vª½ rks vk'p;Z gksrk gSA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

05 8

mÙkstuk QSykus dk nks"kh gS ehfM;k

ehfM;k foe'kZ dk fotu 2020 vad ns[kkA doj us vo'; vk'oLr fd;k] ftlesa vkRefo'okl] d#.kkiw.kZrk vkSj l`tu'khyrk ij ;g vad vkSj laiw.kZ ehfM;k dsafnzr gksuk pkfg,] ,slk fn[kkbZ fn;kA ysfdu tc i`"B iyVus yxk rc dgha vk'kk] dgha nqjk'kk fn[kus yxhA ehfM;k ds vkRefo'oklh gksus dk vFkZ gS] og tks dqN ikBdksa ds lkeus j[k jgk gS] mldk leqfpr lR;kiu fd;k tk pqdk gSA bldk ,d vFkZ ;g Hkh gS fd ehfM;k ds izfr mlds miHkksäkvksa esa fo'okl gksuk pkfg,] ;g ugha fd lwpuk] lekpkj dh rhoz xfr cjdjkj j[kus ds fy,] vkSj izfr}af}rk esa vkxs jgus ds fy,] vlR;kfir vkSj v/kdpjs rF; lkeus ijksl fn;s tk,aA nwljk 'kCn gS d#.kk'khy gksukA d#.kk cgqr O;kid 'kCn gS] bles uSfrdrk] /kkfeZd vkLFkk] drZO; Hkkouk lc dqN fleV vkrk gSA ysfdu d#.kk dk fo:i.k cgqr izdkj ls fd;k tk jgk gSA ckS) vkSj vU; /kekZuq;k;h bldks vius /keksaZ dk dsUnz Lohdkj djrs gSaA ysfdu d#.kk&vk/kkfjr /keZkuq;k;h vius }kjk fgalk ugha djuk pkgrs gq, Hkh] nwljs dh fgalk dks izksRlkfgr djrs gSaA vc] ehfM;k/kehZ lkekU;r;k bl ckr dk i{kiks"k.k djrs jgrs gSa fd os tulk/kkj.k rd lekpkj ;k lwpuk 'kh?kzkfr'kh?kz igqapkuk pkgrs gSa] ;g mudk uSfrd /keZ gSA ysfdu eqEcbZ geys ds le; mudk ;g rdZ bruk ew[kZrkiw.kZ gks x;k Fkk fd muds foosd ij rjl vkus yxk Fkk] os Hkwy x, Fks fd rRdky lwpuk izlkfjr djus dh >ksad esa& eaS mls ikxyiu vkSj foosdghurk dgw¡xk& os vkradokfn;ksa dh gh lgk;rk igq¡pk jgs FksA vkt Hkh uDly vkSj ekvksoknh xfrfof/k;ksa ds le; iqfyl vkSj lsuk dh xfrfof/k;ksa dks izlkfjr djus eas] os vkradokfn;ksa dh lgk;rk djus ds vijk/kh cu tkrs gSaA ehfM;k dgha u dgha vkrad QSykus] turk dks vuko';d :i es Hk;Hkhr djus dk dke Hkh djrk gS A vkt dk ehfM;k de ls de mÙkstuk QSykus dk nks"kh vkSj vekuoh; rks gS ghA ehfM;k dh laiw.kZ l`tu'khyrk mldh viuh ugha foKku ds uohu vkfo"dkjksa ij vk/kkfjr gSA gk¡] fodflr ns'kksa esa ;g rduhd fdl izdkj mi;ksx dh tkrh gS] dh tk jgh gS] bl ij mldh utj jgrh gS] vkSj jguh Hkh pkfg,A ijarq ;g Hkh ;kn j[kuk pkfg,] ;g l`tu'khy gksus ds ctk; dqN vkSj gh gSA vc if=kdk ds dF; ij vkb,A ,d vkys[k esa ehfM;k dk iz'u mBk;k x;k gS] tSls lkjs vkanksyu nwljh phtksa dk ifjizs{; u ns[krs gq,] dsoy vius fgr lk/ku dh nkSM+ eas gSaA os cM+s ifjisz{; es phtksa dks ns[kuk ugha pkgrsA tc nl gtkj _.k ds fy, dksbZ fdlku vkRegR;k djrk gS] vFkok ,d laiUu fdlku ,d Hkjh lHkk esa Qaklh yxk ysrk gS] rks ;g euksoSKkfud vkSj ikfjokfjd leL;kvksa vkSj vius dks fof'k"V cukus dk iz;kl yxrk gS] vFkok ;g Hkh lksp dj fd;k x;k izn'kZu gS fd nwljs yksx rks eq>s cpk gh ysaxsA ,d vkSj vkys[k rks miHkksäkvksa }kjk ehfM;k ds Lo:i r; djus ij vk/kkfjr gSA miHkksDrkvksa us lekt dh Hkk"kk rks r; dj gh nh gS vkSj gekjs nwjn'khZ lkfgR;dkjksa us mldks Hkqukuk Hkh izkjaHk dj fn;k gSA lkfgR; dk mís';] tks lkekU; tu#fp dks ifj"d`r djus dk Fkk] mlls le>kSrk djds] vius dks fcdkÅ cukus dk mís'; viuk fy;k x;k gSA ,sls vifj"d`r lkfgR; lsoh igys Hkh Fks] vkSj vc Hkh v[kckjksa ds <sj ds uhps ;k nqdku ds fiNys fgLls eas] mudh jpuk,a fey tkrh gSaA ehfM;k dks lkekU; cuus dk mís'; viukus ds dkj.k] mudh fcØh pkgs ftruh c<+ xbZ gks] tu#fp dks ifj"d`r djus dk vkSj mudks vPNh Hkk"kk fl[kkus dk mís'; NwV x;k gSA vkt ds v[kckjksa dh f[kpM+h Hkk"kk] vaxzsth eqgkojksa ds 'kCn'k% vuqokn djus dh izo`fÙk ij rjl rks vkrk gh gSA ij ehfM;kdehZ v[kckj pykus okys /kuifr;ksa ds ukSdj gSa vkSj mudks viuk ifjokj cpkuk gS] lekt eas ,d LVsVl cukuk gS] ;g lksp dj\ blh vad es ,d NksVk vkys[k vPNk yxk] mlesa ysf[kdk] xSch fgufLyQ] }kjk ,d Toyar iz'u mBk;k x;k gS% ß;g lekpkj ehfM;k ls layXu yksxksa ds vga] ns'kHkfä vkSj vkSj vkRepsruk ls ,d vihy gSA D;k Hkkjr ,d laiUu lekpkj ehfM;k pkgrk gS] tks ckWyhoqM vkSj fØdsV ds flrkjksa] QS'ku&izn'kZuksa] bysDVªkWfud& vkfo"dkjksa ds u, :iksa vkSj vijk/kksa ls gh izlUu gks tk,\ vFkok Hkkjrh; ehfM;k mlls Åij mBdj mPp Lrjh;] xq.kkRed] xaHkhj lekpkj fjiksfVZax ds dk;Z dks Hkkjrh; thou dh xq.kkRedrk c<+kus vkSj Hkkjrh; ehfM;k dks oSf'od Js"Brk iznku djuss dh pqukSrh Lohdkj djsxk\ ;fn 21oha 'krkCnh ,f'k;k dh 'krkCnh gksuh gS] rks D;k loZJs"B lekpkj ,f'k;k ls ugha vkus pkfg,\Þ

& jk?kosUnz d`".k izrki] jkes'ojiqjh] cLrh ¼m-iz-½

8

nhun;ky th ij Kkuo/kZd lkexzh

vkids }kjk izsf"kr if=kdk ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* izkIr gqbZA iafMr nhun;ky mik/;k; ij lHkh ys[k fopkjksÙkstd ,oa Kkuo)Zd gSaA iafMr th ds fopkjksa ,oa d`frRo ij fogaxe n`f"V if=kdk ls izkIr gqbZA vkidk ;g iz;kl cgqr lkFkZd ,oa izsj.kknk;h gSA blh izdkj le;&le; ij vU; mu euhf"k;ksa ij lkexzh nsrs jgsa tks Hkkjrh;rk ,oa Hkkjrh; n'kZu dks vkRelkr djds lekt ds fy, izsj.kk cusA

& lfPpnkuan feJ] izkpk;Z] ia- egknso 'kqDy d`"kd ih-th-dkWyst] xkSj ¼cLrh½

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

06 8

egRoiw.kZ loky mBkrh gS if=kdk

ehfM;k foe'kZ dk vision 2020 esjs gkFkksa esa gSA gj vad dh rjg ;g vad Hkh [kkl gSA lat; dk laikndh; dqN egRoiw.kZ loky mBkrk gSA ;gh ,d mYys[kuh; if=kdk dk dke gS fd ,d ltx izgjh dh rjg lekt dh detksfj;ksa ds f[kykQ [kM+h jgsA fganh okyksa esa ;g dSlh ghu Hkkouk gS tks bruh leFkZ Hkk"kk ds fo'ks"kK gksrs gq;s Hkh /khjs&/khjs ihNs gVrs gq;s vaxzsth dh ?kqliSB Lohdkj djrs tk jgs gSaA Hkkjrh; ekufldrk Hkh bl ckr dh nks"kh gS fd ge cPps dh xyr vaxzsth ekQ ugha djrs vkSj xyr fganh ij xoZ eglwl djrs gSaA D;k ;qokvksa dk leLr Hkfo"; vc vaxzsth ds gkFkksa esa gS\ fganh okys gj ckr esa Lo;a dks fiNM+k gqvk D;ksa ekurs vkSj eglwl djrs gSa\ fganh v[kckjksa ds Lrj ij Hkh dqN egRoiw.kZ loky mBs gSa] ftldh Nkuchu ehfM;k dks vius Hkhrj mrjdj djuh pkfg;sA lat; ds m}sfyr djus okys lokyksa ds lkFk &lkFk vU; lkexzh Hkh fopkj.kh; gSA lqqHknzk jkBkSj dk ^izfrjks/k dk 'kkWfdax rjhdk* vkSj v"VHkqtk 'kqDy dh ekjh'kl ;k=kkA vkidks vius fo"k; ds lkFk cgk ys tkrs gSaA lkexzh esa fofo/krk gSA vkSj lat; vkidks bl lrr iz;kl dh c/kkbZ vkSj 'kqHkdkeuk,aA

& t;k tknokuh] 14] [kq'kh ,UDyso] ohvkbZih ekuk jksM] iksLV& jfoxzke veyhMhg] jk;iqj& 492006 ¼N-x-½

8

bUgha ladVksa ls gh fudysxk jkLrk

^ehfM;k foe'kZ* ds xqtjkrh i=kdkfjrk fo'ks"kkad dks i<+us vkSj le>us dk gky esa volj feykA bl vad dks ehfM;k esa vk, cnyko vkSj mlls uQk&uqdlku dk nLrkost dgk tk ldrk gSA blds vfrfFk laiknd dey 'kekZ ds bl dFku ls lger gwa fd ^mnwZ i=kdkfjrk vad ds ckn {ks=kh; Hkk"kk dh dM+h esa fd;k x;k ;g iz;kl fuf'pr gh ikBdksa dks ilan vk,xkA* blds fy, ehfM;k foe'kZ ds dk;Zdkjh laiknd lat; f}osnh vkSj mudh Vhe dks c/kkbZA fo'ks"kkad esa ofj"B vkfFkZd i=kdkj 'kf'kdkar clkuh dh fpark lkS Qhlnh lgh gS fd vkt lekpkj buLik;MZ gksrs gaSA dkjksckjh vkSj m|ksxifr;ksa ds fgr lk/ku ds ek/;e gSaA ogha fiadh nyky dh i=kdkfjrk ds fxjrs Lrj fpark tk;t gSA Hkxorh dqekj 'kekZ dgrs gaS fd ubZ ih<+h esa dke ds izfr leiZ.k vkSj fu"Bk esa deh vkbZ vkSj 'kkVZdV ds jkLrs vkxs c<+uk pkgrh gSA euh"k esgrk dh ckr lksyg vkus lgh gS fd ftu ehfM;k gkml us ikBdksa dh ilan dks ugha igpkuk] mlds vfLrRo dks [krjk iSnk gksrk tk jgk gSA fdjhV x.kk=kk dk dFku dh v[kckjksa ds izlkj Hkys c<+s gaS mlds daVsV DokfyVh esa fxjkoV vkbZ gSA ;g mudk vdsys dk ,glkl ugha oju muds tSls vkSj yksxksa dk Hkh ,slk gh ,glkl gSA dkSf'kd esgrk] dkuk okVok] egs'k ifjey] vk'kh"k tks'kh ds lk{kkRdkj esa i=kdkfjrk dh dekscs'k bUgha fparkvksa dks mdsjk x;k gSA bu foHkwfr;ksa dh fpark,a lkQ rkSj ij bl vksj ladsr djrh gaS fd vkt lekpkj i=kksa esa laiknd dh lÙkk vkSj mldh egÙkk dk yksi gqvk gS vkSj gksrk tk jgk gSA ehfM;k gkmlksa dh iSlk dekus dh gol us i=kdkfjrk dks [kwVh ij Vkax fn;k gSA lekpkj uQk uqdlku dks /;ku esa j[kdj ijksls tk jgs gSaA blh vad esa ofj"B i=kdkj jke cgknqj jk; dh iqLrd leh{kk ds gokys ls Hkqxrku'kqnk [kcjksa dk nkSj bl ladV ij dsafnzr gSA [kcjksa dk LFkku foKkiu ys jgs gSaA fuf'pr rkSj ij i=kdkj vkSj i=kdkfjrk dk orZeku ladV esa gSA ij] esjk Hkjkslk gS fd i=kdkfjrk ds bl ladV dk var gksxkA bldh 'kq#vkr fdlh u fdlh cgkus gks pqdh gSA ofj"B 'kk;j c'khj cnz ds 'kCnksa esa& ge rks nfj;k gS gesa viuk gquj ekywe gS ftl rjQ Hkh py iM+saxs jkLrk gks tk,xkA

& fnus'k nqcs] i=dkj% nSfud fganqLrku] lqYrkuiqj

8

Kkuo/kZd vad

ftl if=kdk ls bruh cM+h la[;k esa cqf)thoh oxZ dk tqM+ko gks] og if=kdk fuf'pr gh cgqr de le; esa viuk LFkku cuk ysxhA vkB o"kkZsa esa bldk izR;sd vad laxzg.kh; jgk gSA if=kdk esa le;&le; ij nh xbZ lkexzh [kkldj xqtjkrh i=kdkfjrk ij vkids }kjk fudkyk x;k vad cgqr Kkuo/kZd jgkA fotu 2020 ij dsfUnzr vad us Hkfo"; ds ehfM;k dk ,d ifjn`'; ge lcds lkeus j[kk gSA bl vad esa ;qok ys[kdksa lk{kh lksuh] iz'kkar flag rksej] vk;q"kh f=kikBh ds fopkj Hkh ljkguh; jgsA izdk'k nqcs th dk ys[k ,d ubZ n`f"V nsrk gSA vkidk ;g iz;kl fujarj izxfr djrk gqvk Kku ds {ks=k esa lEekfur gks ;gh dkeuk gSA

& iznhi dqekj ;kno] izca/kd] Jherh jkeoklh ,twds'kuy ,dsMeh] xkSjk xus'kiqj] ftyk cLrh ¼m-iz-½

8

izlkj ij nsa /;ku

ehfM;k foe'kZ if=kdk dks eSa okjk.klh esa [kjhndj i<+rk jgkA fdUrq dqN le; ls if=kdk ds cktkj esa n'kZu ugha gks jgs gSaA ,sls esa esjs tSls ikBd tks bls LVky ls [kjhndj i<+rs Fks bldh miyC/krk ls oafpr gSaA ehfM;k foe'kZ tSlh Js"B vkSj xq.koÙkkiw.kZ if=kdkvksa dk vf/kd ls vf/kd izpkj&izlkj gksuk pkfg,A rkfd blesa izdkf'kr gksus okyh lkexzh vf/kd ls vf/kd yksxksa dks izkIr gksA if=kdk ds fo'ks"kkadksa us ftl izdkj dk foe'kZ vkt dh i=kdkfjrk ij fd;k gS og csgn laxzg.kh; gSA esjs ikl if=kdk ds iqjkus lHkh vad gSaA vkxs bl if=kdk dks dSls izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gS bl ckjs esa tkudkjh nsaxs rks lqfo/kk jgsxhA

& jk?kosUnz flag] fo|kihB jksM] okjk.klh ¼m-iz-½

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

07 8

laxzg.kh; vad

ehfM;k foe'kZ dk fotu 2020 vad ,d laxzg.kh; vad gSA gj ys[k us u;k Kku fn;kA pw¡fd lky 2020 esa fMftVy ehfM;k esa cgqr laHkkouk,¡ gSa& rks bl vad esa fMftVy ehfM;k lacf/kr dkQh tkudkjh gSA lat; f}osnh th dk laikndh; ^ckSf)d foe'kksZa ls ukrk rksM+ pqds gSa fganh v[kckj* esa cgqr gh vPNh Hkk"kk i<+us dks feyhA ;g laikndh; viuh Hkk"kk ds dkj.k nksckjk i<+us dh bPNk iSnk djrk gSA laikndh; dh dqN iafDr;k¡ tSls ^lekpkj i=k i<+s ugha iyVs tk jgs gSa* fnekx esa fpfUgr gks x;h gS D;ksafd ;g fcydqy lgh gSA dey nhf{kr th dk ys[k Hkh cgqr gh fopkjksÙkstd jgk] ftlesa mUgksaus fy[kk gS fd ^^tc xk¡o fMftVy gks jgs gSa rks vHkh rks ge ru jgs gSa] ysfdu vkxs tkdj dgha >qdus ij ck/; rks u gksaxs** bl okD; esa Hkfo"; dh fpark >ydrh gSA mudh dqN vkSj iafDr;k¡ xkSjryc gS tSls fd ^xwxy us tks vuqokn dh lqfo/kk cukbZ og gekjk dkS'ky] {kerk o lkeF;Z c<+kus ds fy, gS ;k cktkj ds Qk;ns ds fy,*A ckysUnq nk?khp tks fd izHkklk{kh ds lewg laiknd gSa mudk ys[k cgqr gh Kkuo/kZd jgkA muds ys[k us fMftVy ehfM;k dh ikjaifjd ek/;eksa ij vkus okyh pqukSfr;ksa dk csgrjhu o.kZu fd;k gSA bl ys[k us fMftVy ehfM;k ds ckjs esa dbZ ubZ ckrsa crkbZA dqN feykdj ehfM;k foe'kZ dks c/kkbZ nh tkuh pkfg, fd mlds dkj.k mlds ikBdksa esa ckSf)drk dk fodkl gks jgk gSA pw¡fd eSa ehfM;k dks i<+krh gw¡ rks eSa vius fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa Hkh ckSf)drk dk btkQk gksuk ns[kuk pkgrh gw¡A ehfM;k foe'kZ ds ys[k] eSa Dykl esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks i<+kÅ¡xh] rkfd muds vanj bl if=kdk fo"k; dks i<+us dh #fp mRiUu gksA vxj dksbZ 'kks/k if=kdk fo"k; ds izfr lksp] le>] tquwu] tkxzfr o #fp iSnk dj ns rks og vius mís'; esa lQy gSA ehfM;k foe'kZ ,d ,slk gh iz;kl gSA ;g iz;kl nh?kZthoh gks blds fy, iwjh Vhe dks esjh vksj ls cgqr&cgqr 'kqHkdkeuk;saA

& eerk vks>k] ,lksfl,V izksQslj] Ldwy vkWQ ehfM;k LVMht] tkxj.k ysdflVh ;qfuoflZVh] Hkksiky ¼e-iz-½

8

mEehn dh mM+ku

8

ehfM;k foe'kZ dk u;k vad ^fgUnh i=kdkfjrk ds ghjks* cgqr izHkko'kkyh o laxzg.kh; gSA flusek ij yxkrkj rhu vad ds ckn ehfM;k esa gq, cnyko vkSj vc fganh i=kdkfjrk ds lw=k/kkjksa dh fo'ks"krk,¡] [kwfc;k¡ vkSj muds ;ksxnku dks c[kwch izLrqr fd;k x;kA lgh le; ij mfpr ,ao xaHkhj fo"k;ksa ds p;u o mlds izdk'ku dks ysdj ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* dh lfØ;rk mls fur u, vk;ke rd ys tk,xh] ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* dk yxkrkj vius rsoj vkSj dysoj esa fu[kjrs gq, fn[kuk gesa vk'kkfUor djrk gSA reke fo"k;ksa ls vdknfed f'k{kk xzg.k dj vyx&vyx i`"BHkwfe es iys&c<+s lHkh i=kdkjksa ds i=kdkjh; deZ dks ,d txg iUus ij mdsjuk cgqr nq#g dk;Z gSA bl vad i<+rs oDr dqN i=kdkjksa dks ysdj eu es tks ftKklk iSnk gks jgh FkhA ftudk uke bl vad esa ugha Fkk gkykafd vHkh lqfu;ksftr <ax ls gq, bl iz;kl dks ns[kdj ;gh yxrk gS fd vkxkeh vadksa esa vki mu vU; egRoiw.kZ gfLr;ksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nsaxsA

& lfjrk ;kno] xzke o iksLV& xkSjk] tuin&cLrh ¼m-iz-½

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

oSpkfjd nfjnzrk ls Åij mBsa v[kckj

if=kdk ds twu 2015 ds fo'ks"kkad bafM;u ehfM;k fotu 2020 esa ftl izdkj ds fo"k; mBk;s x;s gSa os ehfM;k dks ,d ubZ jks'kuh nsus okys gSaA ;g ckr lp gS fd vkt dk ehfM;k ifjn`'; vkSj mldh pqukSfr;ka cgqr vyx gSaA i=kdkfjrk vc ehfM;k cudj vius vkdkj&izdkj vkSj izHkko esa ,d vyx gh lalkj jp jgh gSA baVjusV vk/kkfjr ehfM;k us v[kckjksa dh izklafxdrk ij loky [kM+s dj fn;s gSaA v[kckj Hkh blds fy, de nks"kh ugha gSaA fganh ds v[kckj ,d xgjh oSpkfjd nfjnzrk ds f'kdkj gSaA laikndh; esa vkius bl vksj b'kkjk Hkh fd;k gSA fdarq HkweaMyhdj.k vkSj O;kolk;hdj.k ds nckc esa ehfM;k vius vkidks cnysxk ;g dg ikuk dfBu gSA iwoZ jk"Vªifr MkW- vcqy dyke ehfM;k ls ftl izdkj dh ldkjkRedrk dh mEehn djrs Fks oSlk gks ikuk esjs tSls ikBdkas ds fy, vlaHko lk yxrk gSA ehfM;k foe'kZ ds ek/;e ls i=kdkjksa ds vkRefparu vkSj vkReeaFku ds fy, vki tks HkkxhjFk iz;kl dj jgs gSa mldh ljkguk djuh gh gksxhA blds lkFk gh Hkkjrh; ifjn`'; esa lcls cM+h t:jr ;g gS fd ge izsl dkSafly ds ctk; vc ehfM;k dkSafly dh LFkkiuk djsaA blds lkFk&lkFk ljdkj dks ;g Hkh pkfg, fd og ØkWl ehfM;k vkWujf'ki dks ysdj dM+s dkuwu cuk;sA ftlls ,d ehfM;k esa dke djus okyh daiuh nwljh ehfM;k esa dke u dj ldsA vkt gkykr ;g gSa fd ,d gh daiuh ds ikl jsfM;ks] Vhoh] v[kckj] osc] eksckby U;wt] MhVh,p dk dkjksckj lkjk dqN gSA blls Hkkjr tSls cM+s ns'k esa ehfM;k dh fofo/krk dks [krjk mRiUu gqvk gSA daVsaV dks fu;af=kr djus vkSj ,tsaMk lsV djus okyh 'kfDr;ksa dh rkdr bl ukrs c<+ jgh gSA blh rjg i=kdkjksa ds ost cksMZ dks ysdj Hkh ehfM;k daifu;ka ftl izdkj dh gjdrsa dj jgh gSa mls Hkh jksduk pkfg,A ef.klkuk ost cksMZ dks ysdj fganqLrku dh ehfM;k daifu;ka tSlk vkpj.k dj jgh gSa og deZpkjh fojks/kh vkSj i=kdkfjrk fojks/kh gSA

& vk'kh"k dqekj] dnedqvka] iVuk ¼fcgkj½

08

8 vYVjusfVo bdkWukeh iSnk djus dh pqukSrh

iwoZ jk"Vªifr ,-ih-ts- vCnqy dyke dh ifjdYiuk ^fotu 2020* dks dsanz esa j[kdj ^bafM;u ehfM;k fotu 2020* fo"k; ls izdkf'kr fd;k x;k ehfM;k foe'kZ if=kdk dk ;g vad izkIr gqvkA ;g vad ,d ,sls le; esa gekjs chp vk;k gS tc MkW- dyke gekjs chp ugha jgsA ,sls esa bl vad dh izklafxdrk vkSj Hkh c<+ tkrh gSA lkFk gh] laiknd us bl fo"k; dks ,d ,sls le; esa mBk;k gS tc ehfM;k ij vyx&vyx izdkj ds vkjksi&izR;kjksi vkjksfir fd;s tk jgs gSa] elyu isM U;wt] lkekftd eqíksa ij laosnughurk] fdlh [kkl fopkj/kkjk dh i{k/kjrk] [kcj ds uke ij QwgM+rk vkfnA ,sls esa gekjs Hkfo"; dh ehfM;k dSlh gks\ ;g ,d xaHkhj vkSj fpark dk fo"k; gSA izLrqr vad esa ehfM;k {ks=k ls tqM+s fofHkUu fo}kuksa vkSj i=kdkjksa ds fopkjksa dks lfEefyr dj laiknd us bl leL;k dk gy <w<+us vkSj Hkkjrh; ehfM;k dks u;h fn'kk nsus dh igy dh gS tks ljkguh; gSA laikndh; esa laiknd us ,d xaHkhj iz'u mBk;k gS vkf[kj dSls vkt dk v[kckj ckSf)d foe'kksaZ ls nwj gksrk tk jgk gSA vkt v[kckj gekjs lkeus ,d izksMDV ds rkSj ij gSA nfyr foe'kZ] eqfLye foe'kZ] L=kh foe'kZ] tuljksdkj vkSj ekuokf/kdkj ls tqM+s eqís vkt v[kckjksa ls unkjn fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa tks ,d fopkj.kh; fo"k; gSA vkt gesa ,d ,sls ehfM;k dh vko';drk gS tks Hkkjr ds cgqyrkoknh n`f"Vdks.k dks cgky j[k lds rHkh 2020 rd Hkkjr ,d laosnu'khy vkSj tuljksdkjh ehfM;k dh dkeuk dj ldrk gSA if=kdk esa jktho oekZ us vius ys[k esa ehfM;k ?kjkuksa dks ,d u, lkaps esa <kyus vkSj mldh dk;Ziz.kkyh esa gksus okys cnyko dh vksj b'kkjk fd;k gSA vxj Hkfo"; esa dqN bl rjg dk ehfM;k dk Lo#i lkeus vkrk gS rks vk'kk dh tk ldrh gS fd ikBdksa vkSj n'kZdksa dks fy, Hkfo"; esa ehfM;k }kjk izLrqr fd;s tk jgs daVsaV esa Hkh cnyko ns[kus dks feysaxsA ftlls muesa T;knk foosd'khyrk vkSj le> iSnk gksxhA ckysUnq nk/khp us vius fo"k;kuqlkj uo&ehfM;k ij ,d yach ckrphr dh gS tks t:jh Hkh gSA eq>s yxrk gS fd tc Hkfo"; dh ehfM;k dh ckr dj jgs gaS rks ,sls esa ehfM;k ds u, lalk/kuksa dks utjankt ugha fd;k tkuk pkfg, gSA MkW- lq'khy f=kosnh us Hkh bl ckr dk ftØ fd;k gSA vkus okys le; esa Hkkjr dk ,d cM+k rcdk f'kf{kr gksxk tks ehfM;k ds gj ,d lalk/kuksa ij viuh idM+ cukus dh dksf'k'k djsxkA cs'kd vkus okys le; esa uo&ehfM;k gh vkeyksxksa ds fy,

,d oSdfYid ehfM;k ds rkSj ij lkeus gksxkA bl vksj Hkh /;ku nsus dh t#jr gS fd ehfM;k tks lekt vkSj yksdra=k dk izgjh ekuk tkrk gS] vc ;g cgl py iM+h gS fd ehfM;k ij fuxjkuh dh tk;sA vkf[kj ,slk D;ksa\ bldk dkj.k ehfM;k esa rsth ls c<+rh O;olkf;drk ls gSA vkt dkWiksZjsV ?kjkuk ehfM;k dks laHkkyuk pkg jgk gSA vc le; vk x;k gS fd ehfM;k Lo;a ds fy, ,d vYVjusfVo bdkWukeh iSnk djs rkfd og Lo;a dks Lora=k :i ls pykus dh fLFkfr esa vk tk;s vkSj ehfM;k tc Lora=k gksxk rHkh Hkfo"; ds fy, viuh dksbZ fn'kk fu/kkZfjr dj ldrk gSA bl vad esa ys[kdksa us ehfM;k ds cqfu;knh ewY;ksa] pqukSfr;ksa] daVsaV vkSj rduhdh i{kksa esa vkus okys cnyko dks ysdj ,d xaHkhj foe'kZ fd;k gSA eSa le>rk gwa vkt dk le; Hkkjrh; ehfM;k ds fy, dkQh ewY;oku gSA vc Hkkjrh; ehfM;k dks laosnu'khy] tuljksdkjh rFkk vkSj Hkh vf/kd ekuoh; ewY;ksa ds lkFk dke djuk gSA ,sls esa ehfM;k foe'kZ ds bl vad us tks igy dh gS bu foe'kksaZ dks /;ku esa j[kdj ehfM;k dks vkxs dk;Z djus dh vko';drk gSA

& ,grs'kke vgen [kku] Mhu ,oa foHkkxk/;{k] i=dkfjrk ,oa tulapkj ladk;] ekSykuk vktkn us'kuy mnwZ ;wfuoflZVh] gSnjkckn bZ&esy& ehtik_khan@yahoo.com, eks- 09440039625

vfHkthr oktis;h ugha jgs HkksikyA ehfM;k foe'kZ ds lqifjfpr ys[kd vkSj ek[kuyky prqosZnh fo'ofo|ky; ds lgk;d izk/;kid vfHkthr cktis;h dk fny dk nkSjk iM+us ls fu/ku gks x;kA os 45 lky ds Fks vkSj fiNys dqN le; ls chekj py jgs FksA vfHkthr cktis;h izca/ku fo"k; ds izk/;kid Fks rFkk fo'ofo|ky; esa xr 8 o"kksaZ ls lsokjr FksA fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds chp os cgqr yksdfiz; FksA vfHkthr cktisbZ dk vafre laLdkj HknHknk foJke ?kkV esa fd;k x;k ftlesa fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyifr] vf/kdkfj;ksa] deZpkfj;ksa us vius lg;ksxh vkSj fo|kfFkZ;ksa us vius fiz; f'k{kd dks HkkoHkhuh J)katfy nhA mudh 13 o"khZ; iq=kh vkfnfr us firk dks eq[kkfXu nhA ehfM;k foe'kZ ifjokj dh vksj ls J)katfyA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

09 8

ehfM;k esa gS utfj;k cnyus dh rkdr

ehfM;k foe'kZ dk u;k vad feykA gj ckj dh rjg vius vuqie dysoj ds lkFk ,d u;s fdUrq orZeku ifjos'k esa ,d ToyUr eqís dks ysdjA doj ist dks ns[kdj ftKklk c<+h fd D;k gS ^2020 dk fotu* fdUrq n`f"V :d x;h& ^lEikndh;* ds ^fldqM+rk nk;jk* 'kh"kZd dks gh i<+djA ,slk yxk tSls gekjh gh bPNkvksa dks lEiknd us fyfic) djds lkdkj dj fn;k gSA lp ;gh gS& vkt ds v[kckj i<+s ugha iyVs tkrs gSaA mlesa dyk] laxhr] laLd`fr] foKku tSls fo"k;ksa ls lEc) dqN gksrk gh ugha gSA ;s lekpkji=k dsoy lwpuk ds lk/ku ek=k cu dj jg x;s gSaA fo'ks"k dj pksjh] vigj.k] gR;k] lM+d gknlk vkSj lcls c<+dj jsi ,oa NsM+NkM+ dsA ;s lekpkji=k lPps vFkkZsa esa ^lekt dk niZ.k* gSa] fdUrq ;s lekt ds pkSFks vkSj l'kDr LrEHk Hkh gSaA ;g ugha Hkwyuk pkfg,A bUgsa dsoy niZ.k cuus ls dke ugha pysxk cfYd viuk mÙkjnkf;Ro le>uk gksxk vkSj og lc djuk gksxk ftlls lekt dh dyq"krk feV rks ugha ldrh fdUrq de gks] ge] gekjk lekt mlh fn'kk esa vkxs rks c<+s ftlls lekt esa O;kIr fod`fr;k¡ nwj gks ldsaA vkt dk ikBd oxZ fo'ks"kdj e/;e oxZ ^lekpkj i=k* eaxokrk rks gS fdUrq i<+us ls igys gh tkurk gS fd fdl i`"B ij D;k lwpuk gksxh] blfy;s dbZ ckj rks fcuk [kksys gh jíh dh Vksdjh esa pyk tkrk gSA vkt dh ih<+h laosxkRed :i ls fodykaxrk dh vksj c<+ jgh gSA ^vFkZ* gh mlds fy;s lc dqN gS] ge brus fu"Bqj gks x;s gSa fd lM+d nq?kZVuk ;k fdlh dh e`R;q ;k chekjh dh lwpuk gesa fopfyr ugha djrh] ifjokj ds fiz; ls fiz; O;fDr ds e`R;q dh tkudkjh feyus ij ;g dgdj cM+h lgtrk ls Lohdkj dj ysrs gSa ^;g rks lcds lkFk gksuk gS*A ,sls esa vko';drk gS bl ih<+h esa ,d ubZ laosnuk txkus dh vkSj og dke ehfM;k cM+s gh vPNs <ax ls dj ldrk gS] og yksxksa dk utfj;k cnyus esa iw.kZr;k l{ke gS] cl vko';drk gS ml vksj pyus dhA bl vad ds ek/;e ls ^2020 rd ge vius dks fdl rjg dh ekufldrk ds lkFk rS;kj djsa* bldh lksp txkus dk lQy iz;kl fd;k x;k gS ftls Jh dey nhf{kr th vkRefparu vkSj vkReeaFku dk le; eku ^2020* ds izfr viuk ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k j[krs gq, lq[kn Hkfo"; dh dYiuk djrs gaSA bls mUgksaus vkxr dks foxr vkSj orZeku ds vk/kkj ij ns[kk gS ftlls ge ;g r; dj ldsa fd ge D;k pkgrs gSa vkSj D;k gksus dh laHkkouk gS\ vkt dh fLFkfr dks ns[krs gq, fu'p;kRed <ax ls dgk tk ldrk gS fd vkus okys le; ^fMftVy ehfM;k* ij cgqr dqN fuHkZj gksxkA eksckby] baVjusV] ;w&V~;wc] Qslcqd vkfn ij vk/kkfjr gksxkA bl ^ehfM;k* dk gh ;ksxnku gS fd foxr 10 o"kkZsa esa ftruh izxfr gqbZ mruh fiNys 50 o"kkZsa esa Hkh ugha gqbZA fdarq vQlksl bl ckr dk gS fd ge ¼Hkkjrh;½ igys Hkh ^cktkj* Fks vkt Hkh cktkj cus gSaA ^ehfM;k* ds bl fodkl ls ge ek=k ^miHkksDrk* cudj jg x;s gSa] mRiknd ugha cu ik jgs gSaA ÅtkZ] {kerk] ;ksX;rk] izkd`frd lalk/ku lc dqN gS] cl vko';drk gS ge ^izsjd* dh vksj ;g dke ehfM;k cM+h dq'kyrk ls dj ldrk gSA cl ,d ckj og ^dk pqi lkf/k jgk cyokuk* dh gq¡dkj djs rks fQj nsf[k;s ge Hkkjrh; D;k ugha dj nsaxs\ bl lUnHkZ esa iqf"irk voLFkh dk ys[k ^ehfM;k dks lR;kxzgh gksus dh vko';drk* cM+k gh lkFkZd yxkA lpeqp esa ^ehfM;k* esa {kerk gS tuekul dks vius vuq:i <kyus dh] lekt ds efLr"d dks cnyus dh] l`tu vkSj fo/oal esa bldh cM+h vge~ Hkwfedk gSA lEiw.kZ if=kdk cM+h gh jkspd] ftKklko/kZd gSA blds fy, ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* ds lEiknd eaMy rFkk izR;{k&vizR;{k :i ls tqM+s gq;s Hkh yksxksa dks cgqr&cgqr c/kkbZA fo'okl gS fd ehfM;k 2020 rd vius ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k ds lkFk vius mÙkjnkf;Roksa dks le>rs gq;s lekt dks ,d u;h fn'kk nsxhA vc rks U;k;ikfydk Hkh ehfM;k }kjk mBk;s eqíksa ij Lor% laKku ysdj dk;Zokgh dj jgh gSA gk¡] ,d NksVk lk lq>ko vo'; gS fd jpukdkjksa ds uke ds lkFk mudk lEidZ uacj Hkh ;fn laHko gks lds rks vafdr fd;k tk; ftlls ys[k i<+us ds ckn izfrfØ;k Lo:i muls lh/ks ,d ckj gh lgh laokn LFkkfir fd;k tk ldsA blh 'kqHkdkeuk ds lkFk fd ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* vius mÙkjksÙkj u;s Lo:i] u;s dysoj ds lkFk fodkl ds ekxZ ij vxzlj jgs] fQj ^2020* esa ge bl vad dks fQj ls ;kn djsa vkSj leh{kk djsa fd bl 5 o"kZ esa ge dgka Fks dgka igqap x;s& clA

& 'kf'kdyk JhokLro] iz/kkukpk;Z] Jh ';ke cgknqj vk;Z dU;k bUVj dkyst] cLrh ¼m-iz-½

ehfM;k foe'kZ ds bl vad ij viuh izfrfØ;k,a bZ&esy] ,l,e,l ;k Mkd ls Hkst ldrs gSaA vkidh izfrfØ;k] lq>ko] fVIif.k;ksa vkSj vkykspuk dk Lokxr gSA bZ&esy& mediavimarsh@gmail.com eksckby@,l,e,l djsa% 09893598888 Mkd Hksats& laiknd] 428] jksfgr uxj] Qst&1] bZ&8 ,DlVsa'ku] Hkksiky& 462039

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

11 ftuds ne ls jkS'ku gS fganh ehfM;k i=kdkj lkfgR;dkj e`.kky ik.Ms] 68 o"kZ] ofj"B i=kdkj Hkkjrh; i=kdkfjrk dk tkuk&igpkuk uke gS] e`.kky ik.MsA os izlkj Hkkjrh dh v/;{k jgh gSaA fgUnqLrku dh lEiknd jg pqdh gSaA e`.kky ik.Ms fgUnh dh iz[;kr miU;kldkj f'kokuh dh csVh gSaA e/;izns'k ds Vhdex<+ esa tUeh e`.kky ik.Ms us viuh izkjfEHkd f'k{kk uSuhrky ls iwjh dhA ,e, bykgkckn ls vkSj vaxzsth] laLd`r] lkfgR;] izkphu Hkkjrh; bfrgkl] iqjkrRo] 'kkL=kh; laxhr vkSj yfyr dyk dh f'k{kk dkjdkju ¼okf'kaxVu Mhlh½ ls iwjh dhA 1984&87 ds chp VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k lewg dh yksdfiz; efgyk if=kdk ^okek* dk laiknu Hkh mUgksaus fd;k gSA e`.kky ik.Ms; 47 lky ls i=kdkfjrk vkSj lkfgR; ds {ks=k esa lfØ; gSaA muds laikndh; ys[k ftrus xaHkhj gksrs gSa] dgkfu;ka mruh gh ekfeZd vkSj ân; dks Nw tkus okyh gksrh gSaA

lkSE; i=kdkj uhye 'kekZ] 42 o"kZ] ofj"B ,adj] MhMh U;wt uhye 'kekZ XySej ds nkSj esa Hkh cM+h lathnxh vkSj [kwclwjrh ls [kcjsa izLrqr djrh gSaA ljdkjh ra=k ds pSuy MhMh U;wt esa dke djrs gq, Hkh mudh viuh fof'k"V igpku ns'k esa gSA tc nwjn'kZu us'kuy ij 15 feuV dk U;wt cqysfVu vkrk Fkk rc ls n'kZd mUgsa ns[k&lqu jgs gSaA mUgksaus fnYyh ds ysMh Jhjke dkWyst QkWj owesu vkSj tkfe;k fefy;k bLykfe;k ls viuh i<+kbZ iwjh dh gSA o"kZ 1995 esa uhye 'kekZ us nwjn'kZu ls vius i=kdkjh; thou dh 'kq#vkr dhA nwjn'kZu ij izlkfjr gksus okyk mudk dk;ZØe ^ppkZ esa* fgUnh ds lcls [kkl dk;ZØeksa esa ls ,d gSA o"kZ 2010 esa ^vk/kh vkcknh oweu vpholZ vokMZ* vkSj 2013 esa ^ehfM;k egkjFkh vokMZ* ls lEekfur uhye 'kekZ ;qofr;ksa ds fy, lknxh vkSj ljyrk dh ,d felky gSaA

[kcjksa dks cuk fy;k thou fuf/k dqyifr] 45 o"kZ] ofj"B ,adj] ,uMhVhoh bafM;k fuf/k dqyifr Hkkjrh; Vsyhfotu dh nqfu;k dh lcls vkd"kZd vkSj lcls lkSE; U;wt iztsaVsVlZ esa ls ,d gSaA fiNys 24 lky ls os i=kdkfjrk dj jgh gSaA fnYyh esa gh iyh&c<+h fuf/k dqyifr us 1991 esa viuk i=kdkjh; thou ^U;wtVªSd* ds lkFk 'kq: fd;kA blds ckn os ,uMhVhoh vkbZaA ,uMhVhoh bafM;k ij mUgsa vdlj ^esjk cqysfVu* vkSj ^bafM;k 9 cts* tSls dk;ZØeksa esa ,adfjax djrs gq, ns[kk tk ldrk gSA viuh lknxh vkSj lgtrk ds pyrs fuf/k dqyifr dh n'kZdksa ds chp vyx igpku gSA [kcjksa dks tkuus vkSj mudh vgfe;r le>us esa ekfgj fuf/k fgUnh Vhoh i=kdkfjrk ds mu psgjksa esa 'kqekj gSa] ftUgksaus [kcj dks gh viuk thou eku fy;k gSA fo"k; dh xgjh le>] esgur vkSj yxu ds dkj.k os lQyrk ds lkFk vkxs c<+ jgh gSaA

XySejl ,adj 'osrk flag] 39 o"kZ] ,adj vkSj fMIVh ,fMVj] vktrd Vhoh U;wt baMLVªh dh XySejl ,adj esa ls ,d gSa 'osrk flagA mUgksaus tujy LiksVZ~l ls ysdj VkWd 'kks rd] dbZ rjg ds dk;ZØe fd, gSaA 'osrk ds dk;ZØe ^lkSjHk dk flDlj* dks LiksVZ~l tuZfyTe QsMjs'ku vkWQ bafM;k dh rjQ ls lky 2005 esa loZJs"B LiksVZ~l dk;ZØe dk iqjLdkj fey pqdk gSA 'osrk flag us iVuk ls tulapkj esa Lukrd dh fMxzh izkIr dh vkSj 1996 esa vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr ^VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k* ls dhA ckn esa fgUnqLrku VkbEl pyh xbZaA fizaV ehfM;k ls bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k esa dne j[kk rks igyk eqdke cuk;k ^th U;wt* dksA lgkjk esa Hkh jghaA o"kZ 2002 esa mUgksaus vktrd Tokbu fd;kA mUgsa 2013 esa csLV Vhoh U;wt ,adj ds fy, pquk x;k FkkA muds dbZ dk;ZØeksa dks Hkh iqjLd`r fd;k tk pqdk gSA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

12 dykRedrk gS igpku uxek lgj] 40 o"kZ] ofj"B ,adj] ,uMhVhoh bafM;k uxek lgj fgUnh ehfM;k dh mu i=kdkjksa esa 'kqekj gSa] tks viuh dykRedrk vkSj uk;kc fjiksfVaZx ds fy, tkuh tkrh gSaA fnYyh Ldwy vkWQ bdksuksfeDl ls Hkwxksy esa ekLVj fMxzh djus ds ckn mUgksaus ^,f'k;u ,st* ls i=kdkfjrk esa dne j[kkA mUgksaus vktrd ds fy, Hkh ,adfjax dh gSA 2003 esa uxek ,uMhVhoh bafM;k igqaph vkSj rc ls vkt rd mlh dk fgLlk gSaA ^lyke ftanxh* 'kks us mudks yksxksa ds fnyksa rd igqapk;kA ukxkiêue esa lqukeh dh =kklnh] eqEcbZ CykLV] bykgkckn dqEHk esyk] esjB dk nnZukd foDVksfj;k ikdZ vfXudkaM tSls dqN izfl) Vhoh dojst muds uke ds lkFk tqM+s gSaA ,uMhVhoh bafM;k ds ^baVjus'kuy ,tsaMk* dk;ZØe ds lgkjs uxek n'kZdksa ds chp ppkZ esa cuh gqbZ gSaA vkfej [kku dh fQYe ^Quk* esa os ,d NksVk&lk jksy dj pqdh gSaA

ftanxh ykbo _pk vfu#)] 40 o"kZ] ,adj] vkbZch,u&7 lkekU; ifjokj ls fudydj dke;kch dk ,d lqugjk edke cuk;k gS _pk vfu#) usA e/;izns'k ds jhok esfMdy dkWyst esa iSnk gqbZ _pk ewyr% mÙkjizns'k ds >kalh dh jgus okyh gSaA mUgksaus cqansy[kaM fo'ofo|ky; ls foKku esa Lukrd fd;k vkSj mlds ckn yanu Ldwy vkWQ bdksuksfeDl ls i<+kbZ iwjh dhA mUgksaus vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr nwjn'kZu ls dhA blds ckn th U;wt vkSj gsMykbal VqMs gksrs gq, os vkbZch,u&7 igqaphA ;gka muds dk;ZØe ^ftanxh ykbo* us mUgsa ,d vyx igpku nhA 2004 esa ^fip* if=kdk us _pk dks Hkkjr dh vxyh ih<+h ds 12 loZJs"B ,adj esa ls ,d pqukA ,drk fe'ku us 2005 esa mUgsa csLV ,adj dk vokMZ fn;kA laosnu'khy fo"k;ksa ij dke djus okyh _pk dks vusd lEeku izkIr gq, gSaA

[kcjksa esa thus okyh vatw iadt xqysfj;k] 40 o"kZ] ,adj] lgkjk le; Vhoh i=kdkfjrk us tc Hkkjr esa dne j[kk rc ls vatw iadt mldk fgLlk gSaA MhMh ij vktrd dk flQZ 20 feuV dk izksxzke vkrk Fkk] rc ,lih flag dh Vhe dk fgLlk Fkha vatw iadtA f'keyk esa mudk tUe gqvkA [kwclwjr okfn;ksa esa iyh&c<+haA vaxzsth esa iksLV xzstq,'ku fd;k] fQj i=kdkj cuus ds fy, fnYyh pyh vkbZaA bafM;k VqMs ls crkSj Vªsuh fjiksVZj vius i=kdkjh; thou dh 'kq#vkr dhA ;gha vktrd esa dke djus dk ekSdk feykA vktrd dks mUgksaus 20 feuV ls 24 ?k.Vs dk pSuy gksrs ns[kk gSA djhc 11 lky vktrd esa dke djus ds ckn vatw iadt lgkjk le; pyha vkbZaA fiNys djhc vkB lky ls lgkjk le; esa dke dj jgh gSaA 5&6 v[kckj i<+uk mudh fnup;kZ dk fu;fer vkSj vfuok;Z fgLlk gSA

ljksdkjh i=kdkfjrk vUuw vkuan] 49 o"kZ] ofj"B i=kdkj fodkl i=kdkfjrk dk i;kZ; cu xbZ gSa vUuw vkuanA cSaxyw# fo'ofo|ky; ls tulapkj ,oa i=kdkfjrk dk dkslZ djus ds ckn vUuw vkuan us ihVhvkbZ esa baVuZf'ki dhA fnYyh vkbZa rks fnYyh izsl ls tqM+dj lkekftd vkSj jktuhfrd [kcjksa dk dojst 'kq: fd;kA yEcs le; rd Ýhykaflax djus ds ckn os tulÙkk ls tqM+haA tsaMj b';w vkSj pkbYM jkbV~l] muds ilanhnk fo"k; gSaA ckn esa izsl baLVhVîwV vkWQ bafM;k ls tqMus ds ckn crkSj laiknd ^fonqj* vkSj ^xzkl:V* if=kdk dks mUgksaus ftl Lrj rd igqapk;k gS] og dkfcys rkjhQ gSA mUgksaus fonqj ds fgUnh laLdj.k ds lkFk&lkFk vaxzsth laLdj.k dks Hkh ,d u;k :i fn;kA vUuw vkuan us ,uthvks ds lkFk feydj xkao&xkao tkdj QhYM ls fjiksfVaZx dhA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

13 fnYyh esa cLrj okyh bjk >k] 55 o"kZ] ofj"B i=kdkj ns'k dh jkt/kkuh fnYyh ls izdkf'kr fgUnqLrku v[kckj ds iqyvkmV fudkyus dk Js; bjk >k dks tkrk gSA mUgksaus fgUnqLrku ds fy, ,ulhvkj ds izeq[k 'kgjksa uks,Mk] xkft;kckn] xqMxkao] Qjhnkckn ds fy, u flQZ i=kdkjksa dh QkSt [kM+h dh cfYd v[kckj dks vke vkneh ls tksM+kA orZeku esa uoHkkjr dh fnYyh C;wjks izeq[k bjk dkWyst ls fudydj tc fnYyh vkbZa rks ogka vkbZvkbZ,elh ls mUgksaus LiksVZ~l tuZfyTe ds xqj lh[ksA gkykafd ;g vyx ckr gS fd os [ksy i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa ugha xbZaA jktuhfr] lkekftd vkSj vkfnokfl;ksa ls tqM+h [kcjksa dks djus esa mUgsa vkuan vkrk gSA bjk >k dk cpiu vkfnokfl;ksa ds chp cLrj esa chrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd yksd dyk vkSj yksd laLd`fr mUgsa cgqr Hkkrh gSA

Økbe fjiksVZj ls ehfM;k izk/;kid ofrZdk uank] 37 o"kZ] i=kdkj ,oa ehfM;k izk/;kid ,f'k;k esa lcls de mez esa ,adj cuus okyh i=kdkj dk uke gS ofrZdk uankA i=kdkfjrk dk lQj nwjn'kZu ds tkya/kj dsUnz ls 'kq: gqvkA ;gha de mez esa ,adj cuus dk fjdkWMZ vius uke fd;kA th Vhoh] ,uMhVhoh vkSj yksdlHkk pSuy esa dke fd;kA ofrZdk uank dh igpku Økbe tuZfyTe dks ysdj gSA vijk/k chV doj djus okyh efgyk i=kdkj de gh gksrh gSa] muesa Hkh ofrZdk uank ,d gh gSA f'k[kj ij igqapdj lfØ; i=kdkfjrk NksM+dj ehfM;k v/;kiu ds {ks=k ls tqM+ xbZaA fQygky os fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds ysMh Jhjke dkWyst ds ehfM;k foHkkx esa fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks vPNs i=kdkj cuus ds xqj fl[kk jgh gSaA efgyk vijk/kksa ds izfr lekt dks tkx:d djus ds fy, mUgsa jk"Vªifr iz.ko eq[kthZ lEekfur dj pqds gSaA

okn&fookn dh thr Vhoh rd ys vkbZ vydk lDlsuk] ofj"B Vhoh i=kdkj NBha d{kk dh ,d yM+dh us okn&fookn izfr;ksfxrk esa fgLlk fy;k vkSj og igyk iqjLdkj thr xbZA mldk uke&QksVks v[kckjksa esa izdkf'kr gqvkA rc ml NksVh yM+dh us Bku fy;k fd D;ksa u dqN ,slk fd;k tk, fd yksx esjk uke ckj&ckj i<+saA ikWdsVeuh ds fy, iksLV xzstq,'ku ds nkSjku gh og jsfM;ks vkSj Vhoh ds fy, Ýhykaflax djus yxhA jfookj] fgUnqLrku] uoHkkjr VkbEl] tulÙkk] /keZ;qx vkSj fnueku lfgr vU; ds fy, [kwc fy[kkA tc jfookj esa ukSdjh feyh rks fQj mlus ihNs eqM+dj ugha ns[kkA [kcjksa ds fy, yM+&fHkM+dj mlus viuh ,d vyx igpku cukbZ gS] mlh igpku dk uke gS vydk lDlsukA Vhoh VqMs ls bysDVªksfud ehfM;k esa dne j[kkA th U;wt esa Hkh jghaA

ihfM+rksa dh vkokt ef.kekyk] 57 o"kZ] funs'kd] xka/kh Le`fr ,oa n'kZu lfefr xka/kh Le`fr ,oa n'kZu lfefr dh funs'kd ef.kekyk us lekt esa lkFkZd cnyko ykus ds fy, dye dks gfFk;kj cuk;k gSA izHkkr [kcj ls mUgksaus i=kdkfjrk dh 'kq#vkr dh vkSj fcgkj dh lcls igyh efgyk i=kdkj gksus dk xkSjo izkIr fd;kA os ey;kye euksjek lewg dh ekfld if=kdk ^ofurk* dh lEiknd Hkh jgh gSaA fQygky os if=kdk ^vafre tu* dh lEiknd gSaA vafre tu esa izdkf'kr gksus okys muds lEikndh; ys[k i=kdkfjrk] lkfgR; vkSj vU; {ks=kksa esa dkQh pfpZr jgrs gSaA vius 30 lky ds i=kdkfjrk ds lQj esa mUgksaus dHkh fl)karksa ls le>kSrk ugha fd;kA mRd`"V i=kdkfjrk ds fy, ef.kekyk dks o"kZ 2006 esa rRdkyhu jk"Vªifr ,ihts vCnqy dyke lkgc ds gkFkksa lEekfur fd;k x;k FkkA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

14 u;k utfj;k Hkk"kk flag] 42 o"kZ] lgk;d lEiknd] vkmVyqd fnYyh esa tUeh vkSj y[kuÅ esa i<+h&c<+h Hkk"kk flag dh ys[kuh esa fnYyh&lk mcky vkSj y[kuoh vnc nksuksa ,d lkFk gSaA i=kdkj] ys[kd vkSj ,fDVfoLV Hkk"kk flag i=kdkfjrk esa vius firk ,oa lQy i=kdkj vt; flag ls izsfjr gksdj vkbZaA mUgksaus vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr 1996 esa izfrf"Br lekpkj&i=k vej mtkyk ls dhA blds ckn uoHkkjr VkbEl xbZaA ogka ls vkmVyqd dk #[k fd;kA ubZnqfu;k esa Hkh dqN le; xqtkjkA orZeku esa os vkmVyqd esa lgk;d lEiknd gSaA Hkkjr esa eSyk <ksus dh dqizFkk dh tehuh iM+rky djrh mudh iqLrd ^vn`'; Hkkjr* [kklh pfpZr gSA isafXou ls vaxzsth esa izdkf'kr blh iqLrd dk rsyxw vuqokn Hkh vkus okyk gSA loZJs"B i=kdkfjrk ds fy, jkeukFk xks;udk iqjLdkj ls Hkh mUgsa lEekfur fd;k tk pqdk gSA

ehfM;k eqxy vuqjk/kk izlkn] 42 o"kZ] ps;jilZu] ch,th usVodZ fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ls jktuhfr foKku dh i<+kbZ djus okyh vuqjk/kk izlkn us vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr ^euh eSVj* uked fctusl eSxthu ls dhA ysfdu] dqN u;k djus dh yyd vkSj yhd ls gVdj pyus dh ftn us vuqjk/kk izlkn ls lky 1993 esa ^ch,th fQYEl ,aM ehfM;k fyfeVsM* dh LFkkiuk djokbZA pkyhl gtkj #i;s vkSj nks dejksa ds vkWfQl ls 'kq: gqvk ch,th dk lQj vkt ehfM;k dh cqyafn;ksa rd igqap x;k gSA 13 fnlEcj] 2007 dks vuqjk/kk izlkn us ch,th ds cSuj rys ^U;wt 24* dh 'kq#vkr dhA blds ckn mUgksaus euksjatu pSuy ^bZ 24* vkSj jsfM;ks usVodZ ^/keky 24* dk Hkh vkxkt fd;kA Hkkjrh; Vsyhfotu esa muds egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku ds fy, mudks vusd lEekuksa ls Hkh uoktk x;k gSA

rstrjkZj ,adj vatuk vkse d';i] 39 o"kZ] ,adj] vktrd Vsyhfotu i=kdkfjrk esa chrs 12&13 lky ls vatuk vkse d';i lfØ; gSaA ns'k ds dbZ izfrf"Br U;wt pSuYl esa dke dj pqdh vatuk vkse d';i dh igpku tksjnkj cgl djus okyh ,adj ds rkSj ij cuh gSA Ldwy vkSj dkWyst ds fnuksa ls csgrj fMcsVj jgh vatuk us 2002 esa tkfe;k fefy;k bLykfe;k ls i=kdkfjrk esa fMIyksek fd;k vkSj vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr nwjn'kZu ij vkus okys dk;ZØe ^vka[kksa ns[kh* ls dhA lky 2003 esa mUgksaus ^th U;wt* esa dke djuk 'kq: fd;kA ikap lky ckr ^U;wt 24* Tokbu fd;k vkSj ogka ls ^LVkj U;wt* gksrh gqbZa ^vktrd* igqaphA okn&fookn ij vk/kkfjr ^U;wt 24* ds rstrjkZj 'kks ^nks Vwd* ls mudh yksdfiz;rk c<+h vkSj rc ls os izkbe Vkbe dh ,adj cu xbZaA

lkfgR;dkj i=kdkj xhrkJh] ofj"B i=kdkj djhc 20 lky ls xhrkJh i=kdkfjrk esa lfØ; gSaA xhrkJh mu pqfuank i=kdkjksa esa 'kqekj gSa ftuds ikl i=kdkfjrk ds rhuksa Lo:i fizaV] bysDVªksfud vkSj osc dk vuqHko gSA os fgUnh osc iksVZy ^oscnqfu;k* dh fnYyh C;wjksphQ jg pqdh gSaA mUgksaus ^MhMh U;wt* esa fizalhiy dkWjsLiksaMsaV vkSj ^Lora=k Hkkjr* esa lhfu;j dkWjsLiksaMsaV ds in ij dk;Z fd;k gSA xhrkJh ^vkmVyqd* if=kdk ls 'kq#vkr ls gh tqM+ xbZa FkhaA ckn esa mUgksaus vkmVyqd ds vflLVsaV ,fMVj ds in ls bLrhQk nsdj iyZ xzqi dh if=kdk ^fcafn;k* ds laiknd jghaA xhrkJh i=kdkj ds lkFk lkfgR;dkj Hkh gSaA i=kdkfjrk vkSj lkfgR; esa mYys[kuh; ;ksxnku ds fy, mUgsa jkeukFk xks;udk iqjLdkj] ekr`Jh vokMZ vkSj ykM+yh ehfM;k vokMZ izLrqfr% yksdsUnz flag lfgr dbZ lEeku fey pqds gSaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

L=h-'kfDr-1 (tUe 'krkCnh ij fo'ks"k) lq/khj fo|kFkhZ

15

bLer pqxrkbZ% vk¡py dks cuk;k ijpe mnwZ dh vQlkukfuxkj bLer pqxrkbZ vius fonzksgh O;fDrRo] rY[k vkSj cs[kkSQ ys[ku ds fy, tkuh tkrh gSaA mUgksaus vkSjrksa ds fgr esa u flQZ dye mBkbZ] cfYd tgka t:jr iM+h os muds lkFk rudj [kM+h jghaA ?kj dh pkjnhokjh esa ?kqVrh] inZs vkSj cafn'kksa esa dlelkrh yM+fd;ksa ds fy, u flQZ mUgksaus ftUnxh ds u;s jkLrs [kksyus dh dksf'k'k dh] cfYd mu ij os [kqn Hkh iwjh ftn ds lkFk pyrh jghaA mudh jpukvksa dks mnwZ ftruh gh bTtr fganh] vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa vkSj vaxzsth esa Hkh feyhA muds tUe'krh ds volj ij muds ys[ku vkSj mudh 'kf[l;r ds ckjs esa izLrqr gS ;g fo'ks"k vkys[kA

b

Ler vkik ;kuh e'kgwj mnwZ vQlkukfuxkj bLer pqxrkbZA ,d tUetkr fonzksgh O;fDrRoA vkSjrksa dh O;fDrxr vktknh dh rM+i ls ycjstA dne&dne ij muds ftanxh thus ds <ax vkSj dgs&fy[ks ij cs'kqekj [krjsA ij mu lcls tw>us&yM+us dk ekík rks muds Hkhrj cpiu ls FkkA tUe mudk 21 tqykbZ] 1915 dks mÙkjizns'k ds cnk;wa 'kgj esa gqvk FkkA e/;oxhZ; ifjokj esa tUeh bLer vkik Ng HkkbZ;ksa vkSj pkj cguksa esa lcls NksVh FkhA ij mUgksaus NqViu ls gh yM+dksa ds lkFk cjkcj dk gd gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k dhA lknk fyckt iguus dh ftn vkSj tsoj xguksa dks Bqdjkus dk lkglA 'kkfgn yrhQ ls fookg fd;k] ftls os ,d vkn'kZ le>kSrk Hkh dgk djrh FkhaA vkSjrksa dh i<+kbZ dh fgek;r] inZs dk fojks/k ;kuh tgk¡ dgha fL=k;ksa dh vktknh vkSj muds vkxs c<+us dk loky vk;k] bLer vkik muds leFkZu esa vkxs pydj xbZaA os dgk djrh Fkha fd dkaxzsl dh thr blhfy, gqbZ fd vkSjr&enZ nksuksa us fons'kh eky dk ck;dkV fd;kA xka/kh us ,d ckj mudh vkVksxzkQ cqd ij gLrk{kj djus ls euk dj fn;k Fkk] D;ksafd os fons'kh diM+s igus FkhaA mUgksaus mlh oDr [kknh HkaMkj ls [kknh dh /kksrh [kjhnhA xka/kh ;g ns[kdj [kq'k gks x;s vkSj mUgksaus vkVksxzkQ ns fn;sA bLer vkik us vkSjr vkSj enZ nksuksa dh gkyr] tqYe vkSj T;knrh ds f[kykQ dye mBkbZA os ekurh Fkha fd vxj enZ tkfye] ukbalkQ] pksj&mpDdk gS] rks lcls igys og vkSjr eqtfje gS ftlus mls vius ,s'kks&vkjke dh [kkfrj pksj] mBkbZfxjh vkSj eqnkZ cuk;k gSA mu fnuksa bLer dE;qfuLV eqYdksa esa tgk¡ vkSjrksa vkSj enkZsa dks cjkcj dh esgur dk cjkcj dk Qy feyrk Fkk] mudh vDlj ppkZ fd;k

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

djrh FkhaA mu ij cgqr vkjksi yxsA fdlh us mUgsa v'yhy dgk rks fdlh us ukfLrd vkSj dE;qfuLVA 'kk;n os mnwZ dh igyh ysf[kdk Fkha] tks viuh jpukvksa esa ^v'yhyrk* ds vkjksi esa vius etgch vkdkvksa }kjk izrkfM+r dh xbZaA ysfdu os gkjus okyh efgyk ugha FkhaA mUgkssaus viuh ethZ ls thuk lh[kk FkkA muds dgus vkSj fy[kus dh vktknh muls dksbZ Nhu ugha ik;kA ykgkSj gkbZdksVZ esa mudh e'kgwj dgkuh ^fygkQ* ij eqdnek pyk Fkk ysfdu og fVdk ughaA ^xsank* mudh igyh dgkuh Fkh] tks 1949 esa mnwZ dh

16 izfl) lkfgfR;d if=kdk ^lkdh* esa izdkf'kr gqbZ FkhA mudh d`fr;ksa esa ^ftíh* ¼1941½ ds ckn ^eklwek*] ^lSnkbZ*] ^taxyh dcwrj*] ^fny dh nqfu;k*] ^vthc vkneh* vkSj ^ckanh* rd mudk pedhyk miU;kl lalkj QSyk iM+k FkkA ^dfy;ka*] ^pksVsa*] ^,d jkr*] ^NqbZeqbZ*] ^nks gkFk nkst[kh*] ^'kSrku* muds dgkuh laxzg gSaA fganh esa ^dqvkajh* vkSj vaxzsth esa mudh dgkfu;ksa ds rhu laxzg vR;Ur pfpZr gq,] ftuesa ^dkyh* fof'k"V gSA bLer vkik us fQYeksa ds fy, Hkh ys[ku fd;k] ftuesa ^xeZ gok* dks dbZ iqjLdkj feysA ;g lQjukek 1943 esa mudh igyh fQYe ^NsM+NkM+* ls 'kq: gqvkA mnwZ vkSj fganh dh lkfgfR;d nqfu;k esa bLer vkik dk ys[ku leku :i ls lekn`r gSA mudh jpuk;sa fuEu e/;oxhZ; eqfLye lekt dh lkekftd fLFkfr;ksa vkSj euksn'kkvksa dk csgrjhu [kkdk gSA fuHkhZdrk vkSj lPpkbZ muds fo'ks"k xq.k gSaA vius jpukdeZ ds fy, mUgsa dbZ iqjLdkj feys] ftuesa ^bdcky lEeku*] ^e[knwe vokMZ* vkSj ^usg: vokMZ* 'kkfey gSA xkSjryc gS fd 24 vDVwcj] 1991 dks bl fonzksgh ysf[kdk dh olh;r ds vuqlkj eqEcbZ ds panuckM+h esa muds e`r 'kjhj dks vkx yxkdj vafre fonkbZ nh xbZ ftuesa eqt¶Qj gqlSu] fo'oukFk lpnso vkSj jkgqy nso igq¡ps FksA ;kuh eqt¶Qj gqlSu bdykSrs eqlyeku FksA izxfr'khy dgs tkus okyh 'kckuk vkteh] tkosn v[rj vkSj vyh ljnkj tkQjh ml oDr vius ?kjksa ls gh dgha pys x;s FksA bLer vkik us ejus ls igys cM+h gljr ls dgk Fkk% ^dk'k vkt eq>s ejrs gq, glu eaVks ns[krkA* ;kuh og eaVks dks Hkh f'kdLr nsdj thr gkfly dj ysrhA eSa vDlj lksprk gw¡ fd bLer vkik us fdl rjg olh;r dh gksxh fd mUgsa ejus ds ckn ctk; dcz esa nQukus ds fganqvksa dh rjg tyk;k tk,A ftanxh vkSj lkfgR; esa bLer vkik dh [khaph xbZ dbZ ydhj dks vkxs c<+kus dk lkgl dksbZ dj ldsxk D;k\ muds dFkkuk;dksa dk vkeuk&lkeuk djus dh dwcr Hkh 'kk;n geesa ugha gSA vkSjrksa dh O;fDrxr vktknh dh rM+i bLer vkik dh izkjafHkd dgkfu;ksa esa Hkh FkhA ij

^fygkQ* vkSj ^gelQj* tSlh dFkkvksa us muds O;fDrRo dks u;s igyw ds lkFk is'k fd;kA ,d efgyk dFkkdkj dh ,slh lkgliw.kZ vfHkO;fDr ls yksx HkkSpDds vkSj O;fFkr FksA bLer vkik us vkSjr vkSj enZ nksuksa dh gkyr tqYe vkSj T;knrh ds f[kykQ dye pykbZA mu ij cgqr vkjksi yxs] ysfdu os vkSjrksa dh vktknh dks nwljs gh igyw ls ns[krh Fkh tks cgqr [kqyk vkSj nenkj FkkA eq>s ;kn gS fd 1981 esa mnwZ ds iz[;kr dFkkdkj jkeyky th dks bLer vkik us ,d yack i=k fy[kk Fkk] ftls i<+dj ^vkSjr* vkSj ^lsDl* dks ysdj muds fopkjksa dk [kqyklk gS% ß---vjs HkkbZ rqeus dUgS;k th dks ^vkSjrckt* dgdj cM+k th tyk;kA ,d ogh <ax ds Hkxoku gSaA lcls T;knk izksxzsflo vkSj eqlfUuQ ¼ys[kd½ rks Fks gh] ;kuh viuh gh tkr fcjknjh ds gq,A xhrk dh r[kyhd ¼jpuk½ dhA lcls cM+h djkekr ;g Fkh fd mUgksaus vkSjr dks Hkh balkuksa dh lQ esa 'kqekj fd;kA nqfu;k ds fdlh vkne esa bl nhnkfnysjh ls vkSjr dks enZ ls btgkj&,&b'd djus dh felky ugha feysxhA fdlh rgthc us vkf'kd vkSj enZ dks ek'kwd cukus ij roTtks ugha nhA Ýkalhlh vkSj vaxzsth vnc eas Hkh vkSjr gh egcwck gS vkSj T;knkrj jafM;ksa us gh vktkn b'd fd;k gS] ftls uhpk vkSj dkjksckjh jax ns fn;k gSA exj d`".k th us ftLekuh b'd dks HkfDr dk ejrck fn;k gSA jk/kk 'kknh'kqnk gSa] exj d`".k ds b'd esa ,slh nhokuh gqbZ dh iwt Mkyh xbZaA bruh ckxh vkSj eq¡gtksj vkf'kd dh felky dgha vkSj ugha feysxhA vkSjr rks nqfu;k esa esgcwck cudj Hksth xbZ gSA bl ij vkf'kd gqvk tk ldrk gSA ysfdu 'kjhQ vkSjr pksjh&fNis dj Hkh Mkys b'd rks ;k rks Mwc ejrh gS ;k tgj [kkdj Quk gks tkrh gS vkSj C;kgh vkSjr dk ifr Hkxoku gksrk gS] [kqnk&,&etkth gksrk gSA C;kgh jk/kk vius ifr dh ugha] d`".k dh gSA jk/kk ds 'kkSgj , ukenkj dk D;k uke FkkA eq>s ugha ekywe] gk¡ muds esgcwc dk uke nqfu;k tkurh gSA ß;gh ugha vxj dksbZ xSj fdlh dh ek¡&cgu dh rjQ utj mBkdj ns[k ys rks mldh vk¡[ksa fudky ysaA exj tc vtqZu vkf'kd gks tkrs gSa d`".k dh cgu ij vkSj cki 'kknh djus dks rS;kj

xkSjryc gS fd 24 vDVwcj] 1991 dks bl fonzksgh ysf[kdk dh olh;r ds vuqlkj eqEcbZ ds panuckM+h esa muds e`r 'kjhj dks vkx yxkdj vafre fonkbZ nh xbZ ftuesa eqt¶Qj gqlSu] fo'oukFk lpnso vkSj jkgqy nso igq¡ps FksA ;kuh eqt¶Qj gqlSu bdykSrs eqlyeku FksA izxfr'khy dgs tkus okyh 'kckuk vkteh] tkosn v[rj vkSj vyh ljnkj tkQjh ml oDr vius ?kjksa ls gh dgha pys x;s FksA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

17 ugha gksrk rks d`".k dgrs gSa] ßeSa cgu dks cgkus ls ykÅ¡xk vkSj rqe mls Hkxkdj ys tkukAÞ gS fdlh ekbZ ds yky dk bruk cM+k dystk fd cgu dks mlds esgcwc ds lkFk Hkkxus esa enn nsA ftUl ¼lsDl½ dks d`".k us rdíql ¼ifo=krk½ dk ejrck fn;kA ;dhuu ml tekus esa Hkh vkt dh rjg vkSjr enZ ds ckn gh mudk esy tk;t ekuk tkrk FkkA ;kuh vkSjr enZ dk fj'rk ,d&nwljs ls yxko ij ugha] nkSyr ds ysu&nsu ij equglj FkkA vkSjr mldh feyfd;r ds jsoM+ [kjhn ldrk FkkA vkSjr mldh feyfd;r cu tkrh Fkh vkSj mlds lkFk fprk ij Qwad nh tkrh FkhA csok ¼fo/kok½ thrs th Hkh ej tkrh FkhA d`".k us jk/kk dks u lksus ls [kjhnk] u ml ij dksbZ Nki yxkbZA calh ctkbZ vkSj og f[kaph pyh vkbZA nqfu;k dh dksbZ rkdr mls u jksd ldhA ,slh vktknh dh felky fdlh eqYd] fdlh etgc esa ugha feyrhA enZ dh rks feyrh gS] vkSjr dh ughaA ßrokjh[k mBkdj ns[kks] ckn'kkg] jkts] uokc vkSjrksa ds xksy ds xksy ikyrs gSaA D;k og mUgksaus vius I;kj dh cnkSyr ikbZ Fkha ;k [kjhnh FkhaA yksxksa us muds flj e<+h Fkha vkSj cnyrs esa tkxhjsa vkSj vksgns fy, FksA iÙkkckth dh rjg eka] cgu] chch] csVh dks rq:i cuk dj ekjk FkkA d`".k us lsDl dh vktknh dks /keZ dk :i D;ksa le>kA fdlh us ml oDr dh lkekftd ikcafn;ksa ij fjlpZ dh gSA D;k ,slk rks ugha Fkk] tSlk fd vkt Hkh T;knkrj gS fd vkSjr lLrh Fkh] cscl Fkh] uhao eqnkZ Fkh] eky dh rjg csph&[kjhnh tkrh FkhA iqjkus dwM+s&ddZV dh rjg Qwad nh tkrh FkhA vkSjr vkSj enZ dk fj'rk tc bu xrksa dks igq¡p tkrk gS rks lekt dh tguh gkyr D;k gksrh gSA vkSjr dks ik¡o dh twrh cukdj D;k enZ okdbZ ftUlh ¼'kkjhfjd½ vklwnxh gkfly dj ldrk gSA t:jr ls T;knk eqjxku [kkus ls cngteh vkSj vDlj gStk gks tkrk gSA iSj dh twrh pckdj dksbZ fuxyus yxs rks D;k isV Hkj ldsxkA jksVh dh Hkw[k ls ekSr gks ldrh gSA exj tks jksVh dh ekj nsrs gSa] xjhcksa dk gd nckdj vius fy, ,s'k [kjhnrs gSa] muesa ftUlh ,s'k lcls egaxs iM+rs gSa fd vkSjrksa ds dqucs ikyus iM+rs gSaA mu dqucksa ds enZ Hkh rks ,s'k ikyrs gSaA mUgsa Hkh vkSjrksa ds xksy pkfg,A eqYd dh nkSyr dk lcls T;knk fgLlk gdhe vkSj muds eqlkfgcku ds fgLls esa mxrk gSA tgka&tgka bEihfj;yhfyTe ikyk gS vkSj vc Hkh ljek;snkjksa dh lwjr esa iy

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

jgk gS] ogka toku Hkw[ks jgs gSaA cl pksj&Mkdw ,s'k dj ldrs gSaA ßblh dy;qx esa d`".k iSnk gq, vkSj gtjr ewlk dh rjg 'kkgh rkdr ls cp fudys vkSj vorkj cu x;sA mUgksaus cM+s ukx ekjsA exj gkj x;s dUgS;k th HkhA mUgsa rks iwt MkykA >we&>we dj jk/kk d`".k ds izse ij flj /kqurs gSa] ysfdu vxj irk py tk, fd mudh viuh chch fdlh dUgS;k ds lkFk jkl jpk jgh gS] rks mldh ukd pksVh dh [kSj ugha vkSj dUgS;k th dh NqêhA d`".k dks iRFkj cukdj ekFkk Vsdrs gSa] exj mudh ckuh Hkwy x;s fd vkSjr vkSj enZ esa vxj ,d vktkn vkSj nwljk utjcan gksxk rks feyu ÝkM gksxkA ftUl [okfg'kkr vxj ukikd gksrh rks bl fØ;k ls cM+s&cM+s iSxEcj vkSj jlwy tSls iSnk gks ldrs FksA tc ls ftUl eu dh ekSt ds ctk, cktkjh ftUl cu xbZ] bUlkuh tgu eL[k ¼fod`r½ gks x;kAÞ eSa cjsyh ds bLekfy;k xYlZ Ldwy ds eq[; njokts ds ckgj [kM+k gw¡A ;g 'kgj ds e/; iqjkus jksMost vkSj ftyk iapk;r ls leku nwjh ij fLFkr gSA ge Hkhrj igqapdj izkpk;Z felst peu tgka ls eqykdkr djrs gSaA os bLer pqxrkbZ ds uke ls ifjfpr gSaA ihNs ,d ydM+h ds cksMZ ij bLer vkik dk uke fy[kk ns[kdj ge [kq'kh ls Hkj tkrs gSaA ;gka ntZ gS fd bl Ldwy esa os izkjaHk ls 1950 rd jghaA bl f'k{k.k laLFkku ds fy, xkSjo dh ckr gS fd mnwZ dh ;g e'kgwj vQlkukfuxkj ;gka igyh gsM feLVªsl jgh vkSj mUgksaus bl 'kgj esa ,d dkfcy oDr xqtkjk FkkA ij ;gka bLer vkik dh rLohj vkSj mudk lkfgR; ugha gSA ^dkxth gS iSjgu* esa mUgksaus vius ftUnxhukes dks laf{kIr esa ntZ fd;k gS] ftlesa cjsyh ds fnuksa dh vuqxw¡t gSA cjsyh

18 'kgj esa yM+dksa dk bLykfe;k Ldwy cukus ds ckn dqN eqfLye f'k{kkizsfe;ksa dks yM+fd;ksa dks Hkh f'kf{kr djus dh t:jr eglwl gqbZA rHkh ekSyoh vCnqy cnwn ^nnZ* vkSj muds fe=k fMIVh vCnqy yrhQ] dkth eksgEen [kyhy] pkS/kjh bf'r;kd vkSj [kyhy rg okys us ,d eqfLye xYlZ Ldwy [kksyus dk fopkj cuk;kA dqN vkSj Hkh lkFk py iM+s] ftuesa dkth ul:íhu] dkth dqrqc] vCnqy 'kdwj vkSj vYrkQ vyh Hkh FksA vkxs pyus okyksa esa ^nnZ* lkgc FksA os bl 'kgj esa eqlyekukas dh rkyhe ds fy, oSls Hkh fQØean FksA fQj Hkh muds fy, yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk ds fy, Ldwy [kksyuk vklku dke u FkkA ij 1928 esa mUgksaus bldh uhao j[k nhA tgk¡ vktdy ;g bLykfe;k xYlZ dkWyst gS ogha ^nnZ* lkgc dh dksBh FkhA bls ^jSu clsjk* dgk tkrk FkkA Ldwy [kqyk rks ^nnZ* lkgc gh blds igys eSustj gks x;sA 1929 esa ^nnZ* lkgc dk bUrdky gks x;kA blds ckn estj gq, vCnqt okftnA os yEcs le; rd bl ftEesnkjh dks fuHkkrs jgsA [kku cgknqj 'ks[k [kyhymíhu blds igys v/;{k cusA os 1958 rd bl in ij dk;Z djrs jgsA 1943 esa ;wih cksMZ bykgkckn us ;gk¡ gkbZLdwy dh eatwjh nh vkSj1960 esa fizafliy felst lbZnk djhemYykg ds dk;Zdky ds nkSjku ;gk¡ baVjehfM;V dh i<+kbZ 'kq: gqbZA lk;jk dqjS'kh vkSj glhuk ckth Hkh ;gk¡ fizafliy jghA lk;jk ckth dk dk;Zdky 21 o"kZ dk jgkA peu tgka 2010 ls vc rd dk;Zjr gSaA bl fo|ky; esa 1984 esa gkbZLdwy foKku vkSj 1994 esa baVjehfM;V esa foKku dh i<+kbZ dk flyflyk 'kq: gqvkA bLykfed 'kSyh esa bl fo|ky; dk eq[; njoktk Hkksiky ds phQ ,Dth;wfVo fy;kdr vyh us cuok;k FkkA orZeku esa ;gk¡ 3000 Nk=kk;sa f'k{kk izkIr dj jgh gSaA Hkhrj ,d iqjkuk iq[rk uhe dk nj[r flj mBk;s [kM+k gSA ge mls gljr ls ns[krs gSaA dksbZ O;fDr mldh mez pkyhl&ipkl o"kZ crkrk gSA yxrk gS fd ;g Hkh bLer vkik ds mu fnuksa dh dSfQ;r c;ka djus dks rS;kj ugha gSA eq[; }kj ls fudyrs gq, gesa Åij dh rjQ dqjku dk ,d okD; fy[kk fn[kkbZ iMrk gS& ^, esjs jc eq>s bYe T;knk nsA* ^mYVs ckal cjsyh* bLer vkik dk cjsyh ds fnuksa dk vuks[kk ;knukek gS] ftlesa mudh ftanxh dh tíkstgn] rtqckZr vkSj lksp ds cs'kqekj [kkds gSaA cjsyh ls tqM+h mudh ;knksa ds dgu esa mudk tTck Hkh Nyd&Nyd vkrk gS ftls nqgjkus esa gesa lq[k dh vuqHkwfr gks jgh gSA ge bl fo|ky; esa bLer vkik ds dneksa ds fu'kku vkSj mudh vkgV ryk'k djrs gSaA ge fdlh iqjkus /kwy

[kk;s jftLVj ds lkQs ij ml bekjr dks <aw<uk pkgrs gSa] ftls mUgksaus cjsyh ds mu fnuksa esa dgha ntZ dj fn;k FkkA bLer vkik rc rqe dSlh jgh gksxhA os iy tc rqe cjsyh LVs'ku ij igqaph] fQj bl fo|ky; esa jgh vkSj ,d vjls ckn ;gka ls vyhx<+ ds fy, izLFkku dj xbZA vkt ge rqEgkjs g:Qksa ls rqEgkjk gh ,d vDl x<+us dh vk/kh&v/kwjh dksf'k'k dj jgs gSaA ;gk¡ mudh ftUnxh ds cs'kqekj cjd QSys iM+s gSa] ij mUgsa vc rd fdlh us i<+k ughaA mUgsa ckapuk vklku Hkh ugha gSA mUgksaus tks dqN fy[kk mls lkeus j[kdj ,d 'kgj ds eqfLye lekt vkSj f'k{kk dh dqN /kqa/kyh rLohjksa ls ge :c: gks ldrs gSaA lc dqN cgqr lkQxksbZ ls mdsjk] dgk x;k gSA ftanxh dh ekfuna cksyrk ctkrk gqvk u dksbZ nqjko&fNiko] u gh cukoVhiuA bLer pqxrkbZ bl Ldwy dh igyh gsM feLVªsl cuhaA ysfdu ;g tkudkjh ugha feyh fd mudh fu;qfDr dc gqbZA fQj Hkh irk yxrk gS os ;gka 1950 rd jghaA bl 'kgj esa xqtkjs oDr ls mUgksaus tks dqN lh[kk og ckn esa cgqr dke vk;kA D;k bl Ldwy esa bLer vkik ds ftanxhukes dh dksbZ txg gks ldrh gSA bLer us Hkkjrh; lekt ds :f<+oknh thou ewY;ksa vkSj f?klh&fiVh fytkfyth ijEijkvksa dks vius ys[ku vkSj ftanxh ls rkj&rkj dj fn;k FkkA u, lekt ds fuekZ.k ds fy, os yM+fd;ksa ds fy;s ftl rjg dh f'k{kk vkSj [kkldj [kqys tsgu dh i{k/kj Fkha] D;k ml fn'kk esa bl f'k{kk laLFkku dks vkxs c<+dj dke ugha djuk pkfg,A crk;k ;g Hkh tkuk pkfg, fd bLer vkik dh [kqn viuh ftUnxh dk <kapk fdl rjg dM+h&nj&dM+h fufeZr gqvk Fkk vkSj bls mudh d`fr;ksa ls xqtjdj gh Bhd ls tkuk&phUgk tk ldrk gSA mudk ^dkxth gS iSjgu* flQZ ?ksjksa ls fudyrh&rksM+rh mudh ftanxh dk vkbZuk ugha] cfYd og rRdkyhu eqfLye lekt dh ,d ,slh rLohj Hkh gS] tgka inZs] cafn'ksa vkSj ?kqVu ds chp yM+fd;ksa dk ikyu&iks"k.k gksrk FkkA ;g d`fr ,d rjg ls bLer vkik dk la?k"kZukek Hkh gSA lPpk] [kjk vkSj lkglh gksdj ;g ns[kuk lpeqp cgqr jksekapd gS fd muds :i esa ,d yM+dh fdl rjg viuh ftnksa ds pyrs vius Hkhrj ls ,d ubZ L=kh dks tUe nsrh gS vkSj tks vkxs pydj vktkn [;ky vkSj lkglh mnwZ dh e'kgwj vQlkukfuxkj cu tkrh gSA 6& iou fogkj] Qst& 5] foLrkj] iksLV& :gsy[k.M fo'ofo|ky;] cjsyh& 262201 ¼m-iz-½ eks- 09837259693

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

L=h-'kfDr-2 vadqj fot;oxhZ;

19

'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k% rjDdh dks pkfg, u;k utfj;k lky 1986 esa tc 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k ,pVh ehfM;k esa Mk;jsDVj cuha] rc og Hkkjr esa fdlh v[kckj dh igyh efgyk eq[; dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh FkhaA ml le; muds lkeus cM+h pqukSrh Fkh fgUnqLrku VkbEl dh ijaijk,a vkSj muds vuq:i cnykoA ml le; fgUnqLrku VkbEl fnYyh dk uacj ou v[kckj FkkA 'kksHkuk us xqipqi rjhds ls vkarfjsd O;oLFkk esa lq/kkj djuk 'kq: fd;k vkSj /khjs&/khjs ,pVh vkSj fgUnqLrku ds laLdj.k c<+kus esa tqV xbZaA

,

d yM+dh] tks ns'k ds izeq[k dkjksckjh ifjokj ls rkYyqd j[krh gks] 18 lky dh mez esa ftldh 'kknh ,d laiUu m|ksxifr ifjokj esa gks xbZ gks] mldk thou dSlk gksuk pkfg,A vkids fy, tokc vklku gksxkA vkjke dh ftanxh vkSj ikfjokfjd thouA ysfdu ogka ls fudydj vxj dksbZ yM+dh Hkkjr dh lcls vehj vkSj lcls 'kfä'kkyh efgykvksa esa viuk LFkku cuk ys] rks mls vki D;k dgsaxsA lksfp, er] oks flQZ ,d uke gh gks ldrk gS--- 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;kA 4 tuojh] 1957 dks dksydkrk esa tUeh 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k ml ifjokj ls okLrk j[krh gSa] ftlus Hkkjr esa viuh vyx igpku cukbZ gSA fcMyk ifjokj dh ijaijk ds vuqlkj gh mudk ykyu& ikyu gqvkA tc Ldwy tkus dk le; vk;k] rks firk ds-ds- fcMyk us viuh csVh dks fcMyk lewg ds Ldwyksa esa ugha HkstkA dkj.k lkQ Fkk fd fcMyk dh csVh gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa ogka dbZ fj;k;rsa feysaxhA Vksuh yksjsVks gkml ls dkWUosaV Ldwy esa 'kksHkuk us i<+kbZ dh vkSj yksjsVks dkWyst ls Lukrd esa fMxzhA 18 lky dh gqbZa] rks ';ke lqanj Hkjfr;k ls 'kknh gks xbZA ;s ogha ';ke lqanj Hkjfr;k gSa tks vkt T;wfcfy;saV xzqi ds lw=k/kkj gSaA 'kknh ds ckn 'kksHkuk dh ftanxh ets esa dV jgh FkhA ?kj vkSj ifjokj esa 'kksHkuk exu gks pqdh FkhaA nks csVksa ds iSnk gksus ds ckn rks 'kksHkuk dk iwjk le; vius cPpksa ds fy, FkkA ij 1981 esa mudh ftanxh esa cM+k cnyko vk;kA ifr ';ke Hkjfr;k us mÙkjizns'k esa QSDVªh dh LFkkiuk dh vkSj Hkjfr;k ifjokj fnYyh vk x;kA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

csVs cM+s gks jgs Fks vkSj vc 'kksHkuk ds ikl le; gh le; FkkA bl nkSjku ds-ds- fcMyk viuh daifu;ka viuh csfV;ksa dks

20 4 tuojh] 1957 dks dksydkrk esa tUeh 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k ml ifjokj ls okLrk j[krh gSa] ftlus Hkkjr esa viuh vyx igpku cukbZ gSA fcMyk ifjokj dh ijaijk ds vuqlkj gh mudk ykyu& ikyu gqvkA tc Ldwy tkus dk le; vk;k] rks firk ds-ds- fcMyk us viuh csVh dks fcMyk lewg ds Ldwyksa esa ugha HkstkA dkj.k lkQ Fkk fd fcMyk dh csVh gksus ds dkj.k mUgsa ogka dbZ fj;k;rsa feysaxhA lkSaius dk eu cuk pqds FksA 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k dh jktuhfr esa #fp ns[kdj mUgksaus fgUnqLrku VkbEl dh ckxMksj laHkkyus dk ftEek 'kksHkuk dks fn;kA lky 1986 esa tc 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k ,pVh ehfM;k esa Mk;jsDVj cuha] rc og Hkkjr esa fdlh v[kckj dh igyh efgyk eq[; dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh FkhaA ml le; muds lkeus cM+h pqukSrh Fkh fgUnqLrku VkbEl dh ijaijk,a vkSj muds vuq:i cnykoA ml le; fgUnqLrku VkbEl fnYyh dk uacj ou v[kckj FkkA 'kksHkuk us xqipqi rjhds ls vkarfjsd O;oLFkk esa lq/kkj djuk 'kq: fd;k vkSj /khjs&/khjs ,pVh vkSj fgUnqLrku ds laLdj.k c<+kus esa tqV xbZaA vxLr 2005 esa fgUnqLrku VkbEl ds eqacbZ laLdj.k dh ykafpax ds ladsr nsrs gq, ,pVh ehfM;k us iwath cktkj esa nLrd nhA ml le; 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k us ,pVh dh 20 Qhlnh bfDoVh gsaMjlu Xykscy ¼vkWLVªsfy;k dh cSafdax] chek vkSj isa'ku {ks=k esa lfØ; daiuh½ vkSj flVh xzqi dks csphA blds lkFk gh ,pVh ns'k dk igyk fizaV ehfM;k lewg gks x;k] ftlus lcls igys fons'kh iwath fuos'k tqVk;kA nqfu;k dh izfrf"Br fctusl if=kdk QksClZ us Hkh Hkkjr ds 100 lcls vehj yksxksa dh lwph esa mUgsa txg nh gSA Hkkjr ds 100 eksLV ikojQqy yksxksa dh lwph esa Hkh mudk uke 'kqekj gSA lky 2005 esa mUgsa in~eJh ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA lky 2006 esa ;wih, ljdkj us mUgsa jkT;lHkk lnL; ds :i esa euksuhr fd;kA lky 1992 esa mUgsa us'kuy izsl bafM;k vokMZ ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA lky 1996 esa oYMZ bdksuksfed Qksje esa mUgsa Xykscy yhMj vkWQ

Vqekjks vokMZ ls uoktk x;kA 2001 esa 'kksHkuk dks fctusl owesu vkWQ n bZ;j dk iqjLdkj feykA blds vykok mUgsa fctusl owesu vokMZ] bdksukWfeDl VkbEl vokMZ vkSj ,aVjfizU;ksj vkWQ n bZ;j iqjLdkj ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k tk pqdk gSA vkt fgUnqLrku VkbEl ehfM;k fyfeVsM dh ps;jilZu vkSj ,fMVksfj;y Mk;jsDVj ds rkSj ij 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k us lewg dks mu cqyafn;ksa ij igqapk fn;k gS] ftldk [okc dHkh ds-ds- fcMyk vkSj th-Mh- fcMyk us ns[kk FkkA 'kksHkuk Hkjfr;k us viuh js[kk cM+h dh gSA nwljksa dk dn NksVk dj cM+Iiu ugha tqVk;k gSA fgUnqLrku VkbEl] fgUnqLrku] feaV vkSj Qhoj 104 ,Q,e ds lkFk 'kksHkuk yxkrkj vkxs c<+rh tk jgh gSaA ys[kd ;qok i=kdkj gSa vkSj fnYyh esa jgrs gSaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

L=h-'kfDr-3 'ksQkyh prqoZsnh

21

xk¡oksa vkSj eqíksa dks vYQkt nsrh m"kk jk; m"kk dh ;k=kk cM+s v[kckjksa ds ckn Hkh tkjh jghA 'kknh VwVus ds ckn Hkh nksuksa cPpksa dh ftEesnkjh eqLdqjkdj fuHkkus okyh m"kk dgrh gSa ^esjh U;wt fjiksVZ~l ij Nih esjh ckbZykbu esjh ÅtkZ dk ,d cM+k lzksr curh x;hA bu ckbZ ykbal us gh eq>s varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij lkekftd eqíksa dh fjiksfVaZx dk ekSdk Hkh fnyok;k vkSj dkWUÝsalsl esa Hkkxhnkjh dk HkhA

esa vuks[kk viukiu] vkokt esa xeZtks'kh] ygtk oks ck rphr tks yacs le; ds fy, Nki NksM+ tk;sA muls eqykdkr dh ;s oks lcls igyh ckrsa gSa tks Hkwyrh ughaA fQj ;kn vkrk gS lknxh Hkjk ij viuh gh vyx Nki NksM+us okyk igukok] ekFks ij ,d fcanh vkSj vk¡[kksa esa xtc dh pedA vkt 75 ds o;l dh ;s oks efgyk gS ftl ls Bhd ianzg lky igys Hkksiky fLFkr ek[kuyky prqosZnh fo'ofo|ky; esa feyus ds ckn ls gh MsoyiesaV tuZfyTe dh vksj esjk #>ku cuk FkkA gjlwn ls ysdj fVgjh rd vkSj fnYyh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ls ysdj iwoksZÙkj rd m"kk dh dye us lkekftd eqíksa dk Hkjiwj ihNk fd;k gSA m"kk jk; ;Fkk uke rFkk xq.kA m"kk lh gh ped] oks gh ldkjkRedrk vkSj tks'k bruk fd psgjs ij vuqHko dh lyoV rks fQj Hkh gYdh&Qqydh fn[krh gS ij Fkdku dk ukeksfu'kku ughaA ftanxh ,l,p;wvkj;w,,Vh esa ljy vkSj fQj tfVy gksrh pyh x;hA firk ljdkjh deZpkjh Fks blfy, txg txg LFkkukarj.k ds dkj.k eqacbZ] fnYyh] iVuk] bykgkckn vkSj ukxiqj ds dkUosaV vkSj fe'kujh Ldwy vkSj dkWyst ls i<+kbZ dhA rhu cguksa vkSj nks HkkbZ ds

22

chp m"kk VkWe ckW; FkhA cSMfeaVu dh ,d ,slh csgrjhu f[kykM+h ftls jsyos us Hkh blfy, ukSdjh dk izLrko ns Mkyk fd oks mudh vksj ls [ksy ik;sA bl i`"BHkwfe esa iyh c<+h m"kk] i=kdkfjrk dh vksj vpkud gh ugha eqM+hA vka/kzizns'k ds usYyksj esa muds ukuk vktknh ls igys fczfV'k gqdwer ds f[kykQ v/;;u lkexzh dk izdk'ku fd;k djrs FksA viuh ukuh ls ukuk ds fczfV'k lkezkT; ds f[kykQ la?k"kZ dh dgkfu;k¡ m"kk cpiu esa cM+s pko ls lquk djrh FkhA 60 ds n'kd esa i=kdkfjrk dks vius Hkfo"; ds :i esa pqu ysuk dksbZ NksVk fu.kZ; ugha Fkk D;ksafd rc fdlh efgyk ds fy, ;s cgqr vklku dke ugha Fkk vkSj u gh bl ls dksbZ XySej tqM+k gqvk FkkA m"kk dks ckrphr dk 'kkSd Fkk] vPNk fy[k&i<+ ysrh Fkh vkSj yksxksa ls feyus dk cM+k pko FkkA ;s gh oks pkfjf=kd xq.k Fks ftlus mUgsa fjiksfVaZx ls bl dnj tksM+k fd fdlh u fdlh :i esa ;s tqM+ko vc rd cjdjkj gSA tSls&tSls v[kckj esa le; chrrk x;k ekuoh; ljksdkjksa ls m"kk dh utnhdh c<+rh x;hA 'kq#vkrh 8 lkyksa esa VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k esa dk;Zdky ds nkSjku laikndh; foHkkx dh vdsyh efgyk gksus ds ukrs dbZ ckj vyx ckFk:e tSlh ewyHkwr t:jrksa dh Hkh ijs'kkuh gks tk;k djrh FkhA mu fnuksa dh ;kn djrs gq, m"kk eqLdqjkdj dgrh gSa ^lcdks yxrk Fkk fd tSls gh dksbZ le`) vkSj jlw[knkj ifjokj ls esjh 'kknh gksxh] i=kdkfjrk ij vius vki fojke yx tk,xkA* fMikVZesaV dh vdsyh efgyk gksus ds dkj.k QS'ku 'kks] Qwyksa dh izn'kZuh] fp=kdyk izn'kZuh tSlh LVksjh gh m"kk dh >ksyh esa vkrh FkhA T;knk xaHkhj fjiksfVaZx dh yyd ds pyrs tc m"kk us gn ls T;knk ncko Mkyk rks ijks{k fjiksVZj dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus yxhA iqfyl daVªksy :e] vLirky oxSjg ls [kcfj, lc ls igys [kcj m"kk rd igqapkus yxs] oks U;wt czsd djrh vkSj nwljk fjiksVZj mldh fjiksfVaZxA /khjs&/khjs fnYyh fpfM+;k?kj vkSj

i;kZoj.k ls tqM+s dqN vkSj eqíksa ij fy[kus dh vktknh feyh vkSj fQj oks fodkl ds eqíksa dh vksj c<+ fudyhA m"kk vc f'k{kk] LokLF;] tehuh vkanksyuksa dks doj dj jgh FkhaA mudh fjiksVZ~l dks igys gh iUus ij txg fey jgh FkhA efgykvksa ls tqM+s eqíksa ij m"kk dh idM+ bl dnj etcwr Fkh fd efgyk,a m"kk dk uacj [kkstdj mUgsa lwpuk,¡ nsus yxhaA pkgs oks jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx dh LFkkiuk gks] e/;izns'k esa ueZnk ij cuus okys cka/k ds dkj.k ,d iwjs xk¡o gjlwn dk mtM+uk gks ;k fQj fVgjh ds dkj.k gqvk foLFkkiu gh D;w¡ u gks m"kk dh utj vkSj dye gj oDr rRij FkhA xzkmaM thjks ls m"kk dh fjiksfVaZx vfojke tkjh jghA VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k esa 27 lky dh ,d cM+h ikjh ds ckn tc m"kk dks izfrQy leqfpr ugha yxs rks bafM;u ,Dlizsl viuh 'krksaZ ij igqaphA vc oks ogk¡ ,d iwjk iUuk fodkl laca/kh eqíksa ij fudkyus dh ftEesnkjh fuHkk jgh Fkh] vkSj gks Hkh D;w¡ u ^fodkl laiknd ^dk inHkkj tks [kqn ekax dj fy;k FkkA fQj /khjs&/khjs oks iUuk ,d dkWye esa fleV x;k vkSj m"kk us v[kckj NksM+ fn;kA m"kk dh ;k=kk cM+s v[kckjksa ds ckn Hkh tkjh jghA 'kknh VwVus ds ckn Hkh nksuksa cPpksa dh ftEesnkjh eqLdqjkdj fuHkkus okyh m"kk dgrh gSa ^esjh U;wt fjiksVZ~l ij Nih esjh ckbZykbu esjh ÅtkZ dk ,d cM+k lzksr curh x;hA bu ckbZ ykbal us gh eq>s varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij lkekftd eqíksa dh fjiksfVaZx dk ekSdk Hkh fnyok;k vkSj dkWUÝsalsl esa Hkkxhnkjh dk HkhA v[kckjksa vkSj dkWUÝsalsl ds vykok m"kk yxkrkj fofHkUu lkekftd laxBuksa ds fy, MkWD;qesaVs'ku dk dke] i=kdkjksa dks fodklijd fjiksfVaZx ds izf'k{k.k vkSj ikWiqys'ku QkmaMs'ku vkWQ bafM;k vkSj ;w,uMhih tSls laxBuksa ds fy;s ,M~l tSls eqíksa ij 'kks/kijd fdrkc Hkh fy[k pqdh gSaA vkt Hkh tc vki vkSj ge m"kk jk; dh thou ;k=kk i<+ vkSj le> jgs gSa] ,d i=kdkj ds rkSj ij m"kk dh dye dh /kkj vkSj j¶rkj cjdjkj gSA vius fe=k jfld fgekuh ds [kq'kcw vkSj b=k ds lalkj esa 50 lky dh ;k=kk ij m"kk dh fdrkc vDVwcj esa cktkj esa vkus dks rS;kj gS] i=kdkjksa ds izf'k{k.k tkjh gSA lcls T;knk dqN vc Hkh mUgsa [kq'kh ns jgk rks oks gS ckbZykbu ds lkFk v[kckj esa ys[k dks txg feyukA m"kk Hkys gh vc vius ?kqVuksa dh rdyhQ ds dkj.k cSMfeaVu uk [ksy ikrh gksa] ij fodkl ds eqíksa ij muds ys[k mUgsa ,d pSfEi;u ds rkSj ij LFkkfir dj pqds gSaA ^Fkdrh ugha D;k\* bl loky dk tokc vkidks rqjar feysxkA ^fodkl ds eqíksa ij fy[kuk pkgks vkSj xkaoksa esa ?kwedj] yksxksa ls feydj gh Fkd tkvks rks fy[kksxs dSls\* ckbZ ykbal gSa uk----tks'k cuk, j[kus dksA ysf[kdk 13 lky ls jsfM;ks czkWMdkLV izksQs'kuy gSaA orZeku esa chchlh ehfM;k ,D'ku ds lkFk dk;Zjr gSaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

23

L=h-'kfDr-4 lh-t;'kadj ckcw

rsyqxw ehfM;k dk ukeoj psgjk gSa izks- lh- e`.kkfGuh fo'ofo|ky; Lrj ij lkfgR; f'k{kd gksus ds ckotwn os viuh izo`fÙk ls ehfM;k ds txr esa lnk lfØ; gSaA rsyqxq Vhoh insZ ij fofHkUu pSuyksa ij mudh lfØ;rk utj vkrh gS] os jsfM;ks dh vf/kd 'kkSdhu gSaA viuh oSpkfjd psruk ls os Vhoh pSuyksa ds ek/;e ls efgykvksa esa viuh leL;kvksa ls fuiVus dh izsj.kk vkSj vkRefo'okl iSnk djrh jgrh gSaA xq ehfM;k&txr esa izks- lh- e`.kkfGuh ds uke o psgjs ls rs yqvifjfpr yksx dksbZ 'kk;n gh fey ik,axsA vkt Hkys gh os iksfê Jhjkeqyq rsyqxq fo'ofo|ky;] gSnjkckn esa rqyukRed lkfgR; foHkkx dh izksQslj gSa rFkk dbZ vU; izfrf"Br ftEesnkfj;ksa] inksa dh 'kksHkk c<+k jgh gSa] exj mudh lfØ;rk vkt Hkh ehfM;k esa gSA rsyqxq ds fdlh u fdlh Vh-oh- pSuy esa vk, fnu mudh mifLFkfr utj vkrh gSA mudk eqLdqjkrk psgjk Vh-oh- n'kZdksa ds fy, fpj ifjfpr gSA

rsyqxq ehfM;k dks izks- lh- e`.kkfGuh dh nsu vkpk;kZ e`.kkfGuh us fo|kFkhZ thou esa gh jsfM;ks dh lsok dhA 19 o"kZ dh vk;q esa tc os LukrdksÙkj dh i<+kbZ djrh Fkha] gSnjkckn vkdk'kok.kh dsanz esa ;qokok.kh rsyqxq dk;ZØeksa ds fy, fu;fer :i ls mn~?kks"kd dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus dk ekSdk yxkrkj ik¡p&Ng o"kZ feyrk jgkA jsfM;ks ukVdksa] jpukvksa ds ys[ku lfgr muesa fdjnkj fuHkkus esa Hkh os lfØ; FkhaA i<+kbZ ds ckn lq[;kr fQYe funsZ'kd o HkwriwoZ lkaln nklfj ukjk;.k jko }kjk mUgha ds laiknu esa izdkf'kr ^mn;e* rsyqxq nSfud lekpkji=k esa mi&laiknd izf'k{kq ds :i esa 'kkfey gksdj e`.kkfGuh th us eq[; mi laiknd dh inksUufr gkfly dh FkhA rRi'pkr~ mlh v[kckj ds ,d laLdj.k dh izHkkjh ds :i esa Hkh mUgksaus 7 o"kZ rd ftEesnkjh fuHkk;h FkhA mu fnuksa esa dbZ izeq[k gfLr;ksa ls eq[kkfrc gksdj muds lk{kkRdkj Hkh fy;k Fkk] ,slh gfLr;ksa esa izoh.k lqYrkuk ¼fganqLrkuh laxhr½] l¶nj gk'keh ¼fFk,Vj½] vks-ih- uS;j ¼fganh fQYe laxhr funsZ'kd½] ckyeqjyh d`".k ¼varjjk"Vªh; [;kfr izkIr dukZVd laxhrdkj½ vkfn 'kkfey gSaA

bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k ds lkFk vVwV laca/k dbZ ftEesnkfj;k¡ fuHkkrs gq, ¼fo'ofo|ky; esa v/;kiu lfgr½ rhl lky dh vk;q esa Vh-oh- ehfM;k ds lkFk tqM+ xbZaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

gSnjkckn nwjn'kZu ij rsyqxq esa lcls igys VkWd 'kks nsus dh [;kfr Hkh mUgsa feyhA vkt rd nwjn'kZu ij lglzkf/kd dk;ZØeksa esa 'kkfey gqbZ gSa] ftuesa lk{kkRdkj] lkfgfR;d dk;ZØe] jktuhfrd fo'ys"k.k] VkWd 'kks] efgykvksa ds eqís vkfn esa lfØ; utj vkrh jgrh gSaA nwjn'kZu ds vykok bZ&Vhoh 2] Vhoh 9] ek Vhoh] tsfeuh Vhoh] ofurk Vhoh vkfn pSuyksa esa os yxkrkj viuh lsok,¡ miyC/k djk jgh gSaA

ch-ch-lh dh lsok Hkh-ehfM;k txr dh izfrf"Br ch-ch-lh- ds lkFk Hkh muds

24 laca/k LFkkfir gq, FksA 1994 pquko ds nkSjku oYMZ U;wt dk;ZØe ds varxZr rsyqxq lekpkj okpd dh ftEesnkjh mUgksaus fuHkk;h FkhA ;g muds fy, ,d vuwBk vuqHko jgk] ftl nkSjku ch-ch-lh- ds izlkj.k Vhe ds lkFk laidZ lk/kus dk ekSdk yxkrkj feyrk jgkA

lfØ; LraHkdkj rsyqxq nSfud v[kckj ^okrkZ*] ^vka/kz T;ksfr* rFkk vaxzsth nSfud ^bafM;u ,Dlizsl* ds fu;fer LraHkdkj ds :i esa Hkh mUgksaus lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkk;hA mudk LraHk&ys[ku vkt iqLrd ds :i esa Hkh miyC/k gks jgk gSA

oYMZ Lisl mixzg jsfM;ks pSuy dh funs'kd ds :i esa-o"kZ 2006 ls 2009 ds chp oYMZ Lisl mixzg jsfM;ks pSuy ¼ftldk eq[;ky; vesfjdk ds okf'kaxVu esa gS½ dh funs'kd ds :i esa ^jsfM;ks Lianuk* ds fy, mUgksaus viuh ewY;oku lsok,¡ nh gSaA ^panekek* dgkfu;ksa ds 24 ,filksM tks jsfM;ks ds fy, mUgksaus fy[ks] mUgha dk;ZØeksa dks o"kZ 2008 ds nkSjku 30 jsfM;ks pSuyksa dh rqyuk esa Js"B uohurkiw.kZ 'kks gksus dh [;kfr Hkh feyh] ftldh otg ls mUgsa rhu jk"Vªh; iqjLdkjksa ls uoktk x;k FkkA

ehfM;k lsokvksa ds fy, vU; iqjLdkj is'ks ls fo'ofo|ky; Lrj ij lkfgR; f'k{kd gksus ds ckotwn os viuh izo`fÙk ls ehfM;k ds txr esa lnk lfØ; gSaA gkykafd rsyqxq Vhoh insZ ij fofHkUu pSuyksa ij mudh lfØ;rk utj vkrh gS] os jsfM;ks dh vf/kd 'kkSdhu gSaA viuh oSpkfjd psruk ls os Vhoh pSuyksa ds ek/;e ls efgykvksa esa viuh leL;kvksa ls fuiVus dh izsj.kk vkSj vkRefo'okl iSnk djrh jgrh gSaA

jsfM;ks esa gh cM+h #fp ehfM;k ds eqfnzr vkSj bysDVªkWfud :iksa ds lkFk yxkrkj lfØ; tqM+s jgus vkSj rsyqxq pSuyksa ds ek/;e ls Vh-oh- ds insZ ij os vDlj lfØ; utj vkus ds ckotwn os Vh-oh- dks cq)w cDls ds :i esa gh ekurh gSa vkSj mudh T;knk #fp jsfM;ks ds izfr gSA

fons'k&;k=kk,¡ e`.kkfyuh th fofHkUu varjjk"Vªh; lEesyuksa esa vkeaf=kr gksdj phu] ekfj'kl] lSuÝSfUlLdks] eysf'k;k vkfn dbZ fons'k ;k=kk,¡ dh gSaA

lfØ; ysf[kdk] dFkkdkj] vkykspd vkSj lQy vuqoknd Hkh-e`.kkfGuh th ,d vkn'kZ f'kf{kdk gksus ds lkFk&lkFk

dFkkdkj] vkykspd vkSj lQy vuqoknd Hkh gSaA budh 15 ls vf/kd —fr;k¡ izdkf'kr gqbZ gSa ftlesa ^LoraR;kZfufd 50 jkstqyq* ¼chchlh dh vaxzsth d`fr dk rsyqxq vuqokn½] ^dksefy xaxk/kje* ¼dFkk&laxzg½] ^izfr /ofu* ¼lkfgfR;d fuca/k ladyu½] ^ldy* ¼vkykspukRed d`fr½] ^fu''kCn foIyokyq* ¼xzhd ,oa Hkkjrh; lkfgR; esa efgykvksa dh fLFkfr ij rqyukRed fuca/k ladyu½] ^bafrgkle* ¼ikSjkf.kd efgyk i=kksa ij dsafnzr ys[kksa dk ladyu½ vkfn izeq[k gSaA jkfcu 'kekZ] xqytkj] vkj-ds- ukjk;.k vkfn dh d`fr;ksa ds rsyqxq esa vuqokn Hkh fd;k gS] tks izdkf'kr gq, gSaA vkWDlksQksMZ ;wfuoflZVh izsl ls Hkkjrh; lkfgR; ds ,d vkxkeh ladyu ds fy, Hkh bUgksaus viuk jpukRed lg;ksx fn;k gSA buds 200 ls vf/kd 'kks/k vkys[k Hkh izdkf'kr gq, gSaA

dbZ cM+h ftEesnkfj;k¡ e`.kkfGuh th nks o"kZ rd dsanzh; fQYe lsUlj cksMZ dh lnL;k jgh gSaA ;wuhlsQ dh ehfM;k v/;;u cksMZ dh lnL;k Hkh gSaA fQygky os lkfgR; vdkneh ds lkekU; ifj"kn dh lnL;k ¼rsyqxq½ Hkh gSaA lkfgR; vdkneh dh ^vusdk* ifj;kstuk esa laikndh; lnL; dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA rsyqxq fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'odks'k ifj;kstuk dh funs'kd dh ftEesnkjh Hkh os fuHkk jgh gSaA

efgykvksa dh leL;kvksa ds izfr lpsr o lfØ; Hkwfedk ^oqeu vkWQ esuh jksYt* ¼dbZ Hkwfedkvksa dh efgyk½ ds 'kh"kZd ls ^fn fganw* nSfud esa izdkf'kr fo'ks"k lk{kkRdkj esa L=khokn ds laca/k esa vius fopkj izdV djrs gq, mUgksaus dgk gS] ßL=khokn dk eryc iq#"k fojks/kh cudj jg tkuk ugha gSA mldk eryc iq#"kksa dks bl n`f"V ls enn djus ls gSa fd os ;g eglwl djsa fd efgyk,¡ Hkh iq#"kksa ds gh cjkcj gSa vkSj muds lkFk izse vkSj vknj dk O;ogkj gks rFkk mUgsa leku volj fn, tkus pkfg,AÞ e`.kkfyuh th vius Vh-oh- dk;ZØeksa ds ek/;e ls efgykvksa dh leL;kvksa ds fy, lek/kku n'kkZus ds lkFk&lkFk dfBu ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls fuiVus vkSj lkgl ds lkFk dke ysus dh izsj.kk vkSj vkRefo'okl ds lkFk vkxs c<+us dh psruk iSnk djus esa fof'k"V Hkwfedk fuHkk jgh gSaA laiknd] ^;qx ekul*] dk;Zdkjh laiknd] ^vkarj Hkkjrh* lgk;d vkpk;Z] fganh foHkkx] ikafMPpsjh fo'ofo|ky;] iqnqPpsjh 605014 bZ&esy& professorbabuji@gmail.com eksckby 9442071407

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

25

L=h-'kfDr-5 royhu flag

i=kdkfjrk dh deZ;ksxh% vksYxk VSfyl ,f'k;u ,t dh lykgdkj laiknd dh 'kkunkj i=kdkjh; ;k=kk os O;fDrxr efgek eaMu ls nwj jgrh gSaA mUgksaus yxkrkj vokMZ vkSj ekU;rk,¡ BqdjkbZ gSaA os i=kdkfjrk ds izfr bruh lefiZr gSa fd ;fn vki muls fQYe] laxhr] euksjatu ds ckjs esa ckr djsa rks vkidks muds is'kkiw.kZ joS;s ls fujk'kk gksxhA os ,d lCth ekdZsV ds chp esa jgrh gSaA og ftl edku esa jgrh gSa muesa dksbZ fn[kkok ugha gSA gksxk rks laHko gS fd vksYxk t ceq>;gls ckrdkWyedjukizdkf'kr can nsA gks ldrk gS fd bl rjg gekjh 45 lky nksLrh VwV tk,A ysfdu eSa ;g tksf[ke mBkrs gq, [kq'k gwa D;kasfd vksYxk dh dbZ miyfC/k;ka tks ljkgh ugha tk ldha] mudk nLrkost ds :i esa izLrqr fd;k tkuk t:jh gSA fiNys fnuksa vksYxk vius vfHkuanu lekjksg esa [kqn dks izpkfjr djus ls cprh jghA ;g vfHkuanu lekjksg xqjchj flag lfgr vksYxk VSfyl ds v[kckjh nqfu;k ls tqM+s iz'kaldksa us vk;ksftr fd;k FkkA xqjchj flag us vdYiuh; tkudkjh iksLV dh fd vksYxk 4 vxLr dks 75 lky dh gks xbZA mudh eksVh x.kuk ds fglkc ls vksYxk ds i=kdkfjrk ds 50 lky iwjs gks pqds gSaA ;g ,d egRoiw.kZ ehy dk iRFkj gS vkSj mUgsa lsyhczsV fd;s tkus ;ksX; gSA ysfdu ;g dksbZ vk'p;Z dh ckr ugha Fkh fd tc muds dqN nksLrksa us blds ckjs esa tkudkjh iksLV dh vkSj vksYxk us bl lEeku ls bUdkj dj fn;kA mUgksaus xqjchj ls dgk fd ;g vdYiuh; gSA eSa vfHkuanu Lohdkj ugha djrhA eSa vius dke ls I;kj djrh gwa vkSj mlds fy, vfHkuafnr fd;s tkus ls dke dh xfjek ?kVrh gSA d`i;k ofj"B i=kdkjksa dk lEesyu dhft, ;k ,slk gh dqN dhft, ysfdu vfHkuanu ughaA eSa ugha vkÅ¡xhA gkykafd fdlh us Hkh ;gka rd fd izsl Dyc ds v/;{k xqjchj flag us Hkh bl ekeys esa vksYxk ls izfrokn ugha fd;kA ysfdu tYnh esa bl vkea=k.k dh 'kCnkoyh cny nh xbZA xqjchj flag us dgk fd bl lekjksg dks gesa iSuy fMLd'ku ds f'kxwQs dk uke nsuk pkfg,] njvly ge lc ;gka vksYxk ds fy, bdës gq, gSa vkSj vksYxk ,slh gh jgh gS& usyikWfy'k yxs uk[kwu] vksBksa ij xgjh fyfifLVd] yky

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

egkjk"Vªh;u yqxM+h vkSj lksus ds jax dh [kku pksyh igus gq,A ysfdu pkyhl lky igys dh vksYxk dh ckr gh dqN vyx gSA vR;Ur gh #f<+oknh ea=kky; esa pkj bap dh tkuysok fLVfyVksl fefu LdVZ rFkk lsalqvl tlhZ esa <sj lkjs ,fVV~;wM~l ds lkFk og dojst ds fy, igqaprh FkhA og Hkh ml le; tc og jktuhfrd rFkk fctusl chV dh vdsyh efgyk fjiksVZj FkhA esjh ml le; gh muls igyh eqykdkr gqbZ FkhA os ml le; xtc dh vkd"kZd FkhA ml le; Hkh os Østh rjhds ls dke djrh Fkh vkSj vkt Hkh oSls gh Østh rjhds ls dke djrh gSaA os nl cts ds igys viuh MsLd

26

lk/kuk dk lEeku% ofj"B i=kdkj vksYxk VSfyl ds viuh vk;q ds 75 o"kZ rFkk lfØ; i=kdkfjrk ds 50 o"kZ iw.kZ djus ij eqEcbZ izsl Dyc us mUgsa lEekfur fd;kA

'kk;n gh dHkh NksM+rh gSaA muds fy, os i=kdkfjrk ds izfr bruh lefiZr gSa fd ;fn vki tkrh gSA ;s vksYxk ds okLrfod fe=k vius dke ls vf/kd dksbZ Hkh pht egRo muls fQYe] laxhr] euksjatu ds ckjs esa ckr djsa rks gSaA ;gh os ^yksx* gSa ftlds fy, ugha j[krhA muds fy, vxyh LVksjh] vkidks muds is'kkiw.kZ joS;s ls fujk'kk gksxhA fpfM+;k vksYxk ?kj tkrh gS vkSj mlds lkFk vxyh gsMykbu] vxyh ,DlDywfto gh mlds ;gka ckdk;nk gj lky viuk ?kksalyk cuk tkrh mldh lqcg gksrh gS D;ksafd 53 lky thou gSA ckdh dk muds fy, dksbZ gSA ;s vksYxk ds okLrfod fe=k gSaA ;gh os ^yksx* gSa igys vksYxk us viuk fny vius egRo ughaA os O;fDrxr efgek eaMu ls ftlds fy, vksYxk ?kj tkrh gS vkSj mlds lkFk mldh lkFkh tuZfyTe dks ns fn;k FkkA eSaus nwj jgrh gSaA mUgksaus yxkrkj vokMZ vkSj lqcg gksrh gS D;ksafd 53 lky igys vksYxk us viuk tc ft;k eksnh ls mu nl QSlyksa ds ekU;rk,¡ BqdjkbZ gSaA os i=kdkfjrk ds fny vius lkFkh tuZfyTe dks ns fn;k FkkA ckjs esa iqLrd fy[kus dks dgk] ftuds izfr bruh lefiZr gSa fd ;fn vki muls dkj.k Hkkjr cny x;k rks mUgksaus fQYe] laxhr] euksjatu ds ckjs esa ckr blesa ,d QSlyk og Hkh 'kkfey fd;k djsa rks vkidks muds is'kkiw.kZ joS;s ls fujk'kk gksxhA os ,d lCth ftls vksYxk us nk;j fd;k FkkA ;g QSlyk >qXxh&cLrh okfl;ksa ds ekdZsV ds chp esa jgrh gSaA og ftl edku esa jgrh gSa muesa dksbZ vf/kdkjksa ds ckjs esa FkkA 1980 esa lqizhe dksVZ }kjk fn;s x;s bl fn[kkok ugha gSA ;gka rd fd dksbZ xhtj Hkh ugha gSA vksYxk vkSj esjs QSlys us gtkjksa >qXxhokfl;ksa dks thou ds cqfu;knh vf/kdkjksa] chp dbZ vlk/kkj.k rjg ds la;ksx gSaA bUnz/kuq"k dh ryk'k buesa ls vkJ; rFkk xfjek dks oS/krk iznku dh FkhA eSaus tc vksYxk dks ;g ,d gSA eSa nqfu;k esa dgha Hkh jgwa] vxj eSa ogka vkdk'k esa f[kyk gqvk crk;k rks og [kq'k gqbZA ysfdu [kqn ds fy, ugha cfYd mu banz/kuq"k ns[krh gwa rks eSa vksYxk dks eSlst djrh gwaA vksYxk Hkh ,sls >qXxhokfl;ksa ds fy, ftudh yM+kbZ mUgksaus yM+h FkhA vkt ds ;qx esa gh djrh gSA ge lw;kZLr vkSj vkdk'k dks I;kj djrs gSaA mldh tc v/kZf'kf{kr dkWye f?kLlw Hkh in~eJh tSls jk"Vªh; iqjLdkjksa ds NksVh lh ckyduh ,d rjg dk NksVk lk taxy gS ftlesa dbZ taxyh fy, ykWfcax djrs fn[krs gSa vksYxk dks viuh ftUnxh esa le>kSrk ikS/ks rFkk fgfcLdl yxs gq, gSaA ukilUn gSA ysf[kdk iz[;kr i=kdkj ,oa LraHkdkj gSaA fpfM+;k mlds ;gka ckdk;nk gj lky viuk ?kksalyk cuk

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

27

lk{kkRdkj lk{kkRdkjdrkZ% _rs'k pkS/kjh

eq>s [krjksa dk [kkSQ ugha% lquhrk ,ju fgUnqLrku VkbEl] y[kuÅ dh LFkkuh; laiknd lquhrk ,ju ls _rs'k pkS/kjh dh ckrphr

U;wt :e esa vk;s cnykoksa ds flyflys esa lqJh ,sju crkrh gS fd vc i=kdkjksa dks rduhdh vkSj Hkk"kk;h n{krk j[kuh vfuok;Z gks x;h gS] D;ksafd vc dkxt dye dk nkSj lekIr gks pqdk gSA vc dEI;wVj] ySiVki vkSj VScysV dk nkSj py jgk gS ,sls esa i=kdkj vxj buds ckjs esa n{k ugha gksxk rks mlds fy, i=kdkfjrk cgqr nq:g lkfcr gksxhA esa vkt lquhrk ,ju dk uke fdlh igpku va xzdkstheksi=kdkfjrk grkt ugha gSA mudk ;g eqdke ,d ,sls la?k"kZ dh ifjf.kfr gS] ftlesa fgEer] gkSlyk vkSj dqN dj xqtjus dk tTck FkkA mUgksaus i=kdkfjrk is'ks dks ml nkSj esa pquk tc blesa efgykvksa dks cgqr derj le>k tkrk FkkA ekuk tkrk Fkk fd i=kdkfjrk dk is'kk flQZ iq#"kksa ds fy, gh cuk gqvk gSA vLlh ds n'kd esa i=kdkfjrk f'k{kk ds mijkar fnYyh dh bl ;qorh us viuh deZLFkyh ds fy, mÙkjizns'k dks pqukA ;g og nkSj Fkk tc mÙkj izns'k esa gj rjQ vjktdrk O;kIr FkhA pacy esa MdSrksa dk tksj Fkk rks vU; {ks=kksa esa fiNM+siu dh otg ls pksjh fNuSrh tSlh okjnkrsa vke gqvk djrh FkhaA ,sls esa lquhrk ds fy, i=kdkfjrk esa ukSdjh ds fy, fu;qfDr i=k ds lkFk ,d lykg Hkh Fkh fd mÙkjizns'k ng'kr dk izns'k gSA blfy, i=kdkfjrk 'kq: djus ls igys [kwc vPNs ls fopkj djus ds fy, Hkh dgk x;k FkkA ijarq lquhrk ds gkSlyksa ds vkxs mÙkjizns'k ds rRdkyhu ng'krxnhZ gkykr ckSus lkfcr gq,A 'kk;n i=kdkfjrk esa efgykvksa dks vkxs ykus ds fy, lquhrk ds bl gkSlys ls T;knk cy feykA vkt og izfr"Br vaxzsth nSfud lekpkj i=k fgUnqLrku VkbEl dh LFkkuh; laiknd gSaA tc eSaus muds n¶rj esa tkdj eqykdkr dh rks ogk¡ efgykdfeZ;ksa dh la[;k cgqrk;r esa FkhA ;g fLFkfr muds }kjk efgykvksa esa i=kdkfjrk ds izfr :>ku vkSj mlesa mudh Lohd`fr dks iznf'kZr djus ds fy, dkQh FkhA bjkd ds cxnkn 'kgj esa tUeh lquhrk us i=kdkfjrk dh f'k{kk Hkkjrh; fo|k Hkou] fnYyh ls xzg.k dhA rRi'pkr~ vaxzsth nSfud ik;fu;j esa vius dWfj;j dh 'kq:vkr dhA og ml nkSj esa tc nwjn'kZu vius O;kolkf;d vankt esa vk jgk Fkk rks mlesa izlkfjr gksus okys dk;ZØeksa dh leh{kk fy[kus dk dk;Z fd;kA gSjkuh bl ckr dh Fkh rc muds ikl Vhoh lsV Hkh ugha FkkA fQj Hkh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

lkoZtfud Vhoh lsVksa ij mlds dk;ZØeksa dks ns[kdj vkSj mls v[kckj esa Nius okyh if=kdk ds fy, fy[kuk dkQh pqukSrhiw.kZ dk;Z FkkA dqN u;k djus dh pkgr esa mUgksaus ,d ckj mÙkjizns'k ds rRdkyhu jkT;iky dh iq=kh dk lk{kkRdkj ys fy;k vkSj mls izdkf'kr Hkh djok fy;kA ;g ckr rRdkyhu gqDejkuksa dks ukxokj xqtjh vkSj mUgsa ik;fu;j NksM+uk iM+k] ysfdu i=kdkfjrk muls tqM+h jgh vkSj rc ds yksdfiz; vaxzsth nSfud ^us'kuy gsjkYM* us mudh izfrHkk dks ns[krs gq, mUgsa ekSdk fn;kA gsjkYM ls mudh fof'k"V i=kdkfjrk dk nkSj 'kq: gqvkA cdkSy lquhrk] geus vLlh ds n'kd esa y[kuÅ ds pkSd esa py jgs

28 mlh nkSj dh ckr gS ns'k esa e.My vk;ksx dh flQkfj'ksa ykxw dj nh xbZ Fkh] reke ge tSls ;qokvksa ds lkeus vfLrRo dk ladV [kM+k gks x;k FkkA ns'k Hkj esa vkanksyu py jgs Fks] mlds ckjs esa Hkh fy[kuk esjs fy, dkQh pqukSrhiw.kZ FkkA fQj Hkh viuh ys[kuh ij Hkkoukvksa dks gkoh ugha gksus fn;kA jsM ykbV ,fj;k esa ml txg tkdj efgykvksa dk lk{kkRdkj fy;k] tgk¡ os ca/kd ljh[kh ftUnfx;ka th jgh FkhaA blds vykok y[kuÅ esa gh [kwu cspus ds voS/k /ka/kksa dk [kqyklk djus ds fy, Hkh geus fjiksVZ cuk;hA gekjh bu nksuksa fjiksVksZa us ns'k dh jkt/kkuh fnYyh rd gaxkek [kM+k dj fn;kA eq>s bl rjg dh fjiksVksZa dks fy[kus dk lkgl rRdkyhu laiknd Jh gfj t; flag ls feyk] ftUgksaus eq>s ,sls ekeyksa dks doj djus ds fy, u dsoy izksRlkfgr fd;k oju~ mls izeq[krk ls izdkf'kr Hkh fd;kA tkus&vutkus esa esjs }kjk dh xbZ ,slh fjiksVksZa us eq>s i=kdkfjrk txr esa dkQh [;kfr nhA lquhrk dk ;g lc ek=k nks o"kksZa dh esgur dk izfrQy FkkA blus i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa u dsoy mUgsa igpku fnyk;h] cfYd muds fy, i=kdkfjrk esa dke djus ds fy, njokts Hkh [kksy fn;sA lquhrk crkrh gS fd y[kuÅ esa ^fgUnqLrku VkbEl* ds i=kdkj udoh th muds iM+kslh Fks] ftudh rRdkyhu laiknd [kq'koar flag ls vPNh curh FkhA mudh ,d eqykdkr ds nkSjku esjh Hkh ppkZ pyh vkSj [kq'koar flag us eq>ls feyus dh bPNk tkfgj dhA mUgsa esjs }kjk i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa fd, x, dk;ksZa us dkQh izHkkfor fd;k vkSj bl rjg ls ^gsjkYM* NksM+ eSus ^fgUnqLrku VkbEl* ds fy, lekpkj ladyu dk dk;Z 'kq: dj fn;kA rc ls ysdj vc rd eSa fgUnqLrku ds fy, gh dk;Z dj jgh gw¡A orZeku esa crkSj LFkkuh; laiknd eaS ;gk¡ y[kuÅ ;wfuV esa vius nkf;Ro dks laHkky jgh gw¡A i=kdkfjrk dWfj;j ds ckjs esa lquhrk dgrh gSa fd eq>s dHkh [krjksa dk [kkSQ ugha jgkA fjiksfVZax ds nkSjku pacy ds chgM+ esa Hkh xbZA v;ks/;k tSls laosnu'khy eqíksa ij ys[kuh pyk;hA dWfj;j ds nkSjku eq>s vDlj /kefd;k¡ feyrh Fkha] ftl dkj.k eq>s iqfyl lqj{kk iznku dh xbZ] ysfdu blls eq>s lqj{kk de vius dWfj;j esa dfBukb;k¡ T;knk le> esa vk;haA ftruk vki Lor% LQwrZ gksdj

fjiksfVZax dj ldrs gSa mruk iqfyl lqj{kk ds nk;js esa jgdj ughaA fQj Hkh vius dWfj;j ls eSaus lh[kk fd ;fn ge vius is'ks ds izfr bZekunkj gksa rks vkidk cky ckadk Hkh ugha gks ldrkA lquhrk vius iqjkus fnuksa dks ;kn djrh gqbZ dgrh gaS fd esjk lcls vPNk nkSj UkCcs ds n'kd ds bnZ&fxnZ jgkA rc rRdkyhu iz/kkuea=kh oh-ih- flag ds e.My deh'ku us iwjs ns'k esa gkgkdkj epk FkkA pacy esa MdSrksa dk vkrad pje ij Fkk vkSj mlh nkSjku v;ks/;k eqík Hkh xjek;k FkkA ;g lc dqN ,slh rokjh[kh ?kVuk,a Fkh ftuds ckjs esa fy[kus ds fy, cgqr dqN Fkk vkSj mls doj djus ds fy, geus cgqr tksf[ke mBk;kA ,sls gh ,d okd;s esa chgM+ dk nkSjk Hkh fd;kA bles esjs lkFk rRdkyhu x`g ea=kh lq[knk feJk FkhA y[kuÅ ls vkSjs;k rd dk lQj ge yksxksa us vEcslMj xkM+h ls r; fd;k] ysfdu chgM+ esa vkxs dk lQj dkQh eqf'dy Hkjk FkkA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

29 mcM+&[kkcM+ jkLrs FksA ?kus taxyksa ds chp ls xqtjuk Fkk] ftlds fy, ge yksxksa dks ,d thi eqgS;k djk;h xbZ FkhA chgM+ esa MdSrksa ls feyuk] muds lk{kkRdkj ysuk vkSj mudh ftUnfx;ksa ls :c: gksuk esjs thou ds lQj dk ,d vge iM+ko FkkA rc ls ysdj vc rd vDlj ekfQ;k vkSj naxs tSlh ckrsa vkrh jgh gSaA ysfdu mudk dksbZ [kkSQ ugha jgrk gSA mlh nkSj dh ckr gS ns'k esa e.My vk;ksx dh flQkfj'ksa ykxw dj nh xbZ Fkh] reke ge tSls ;qokvksa ds lkeus vfLrRo dk ladV [kM+k gks x;k FkkA ns'k Hkj esa vkanksyu py jgs Fks] mlds ckjs esa Hkh fy[kuk esjs fy, dkQh pqukSrhiw.kZ FkkA fQj Hkh viuh ys[kuh ij Hkkoukvksa dks gkoh ugha gksus fn;kA v;ks/;k eqís ij csdkcw HkhM+ esa iqfyfl;k l[rh ds chp esa tkdj fjiksfVZax djuk ,d vyx vuqHko FkkA ,sls esa [kqn dks HkhM+ ls vyx Hkh lkfcr djuk iM+rk gSA i=kdkfjrk esa [kcj dk egRo gS vkSj mlds fy, vkidks viuh {kerk ls mls izkIr djus dh pqukSrh dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA v;ks/;k esa eq>s ,slh gh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls tw>uk iM+kA vLlh&uCcs ds n'kd dh i=kdkfjrk vkSj orZeku i=kdkfjrk ds nkSj esa vk;s cnyko ds loky ij lquhrk th dgrh gaS fd tehu&vkleku dk QdZ vk x;k gSA vc phtsa vklku gks xbZ gSA vc vkids ikl rduhdh {kerk ls rsth vk;h gS lkFk gh lwpuk ds vf/kdkj vf/kfu;e ls i=kdkjksa dks ,d veks?k vL=k Hkh fey x;k gSA rduhd ds fcuk i=kdkfjrk djuk fdruk eqf'dy Fkk] bls iwoZ eq[;ea=kh ia- deykifr f=kikBh ds fu/ku ij fjiksfVZax ds nkSjku vius vuqHkoksa dks lk>k djrs gq, crkrh gSa fd rc u rks eksckby Qksu Fks vkSj u gh QSDl dh lqfo/kk FkhA y[kuÅ ls okjk.klh tkdj ogka ls [kcj fy[kdj Hkstus dk ladV [kM+k gks x;kA rc ogka ds LFkkuh; lg;ksxh ds ek/;e ls Mkd ,oa rkj foHkkx dk n¶rj nsj jkr [kqyok;k x;k vkSj ogka ls Vsyhxzke ds ek/;e ls [kcj izsf"kr dh xbZA vc rks eksckbZy Qksu vkSj mlesa miyC/k reke vIyhds'ku ds ek/;e ls lwpuk izs"k.k ljy] lgt ,oa Rofjr gks x;k gSA gkykafd vc daiVh'ku Hkh cgqr gks x;k gSA futh Vsyhfotu pSuyksa ds vkus ds ckn [kcjksa dh viMsV vkSj dqN T;knk djus dh pqukSrh Hkh c<+h gSA ,sls esa pyrkÅ i=kdkfjrk ls dke pyus okyk ugha gSA U;wt :e esa vk;s cnykoksa ds flyflys esa lqJh ,sju crkrh gaS fd vc i=kdkjksa dks rduhdh vkSj Hkk"kk;h n{krk j[kuh vfuok;Z gks x;h gS] D;ksafd vc dkxt dye dk nkSj lekIr gks

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

pqdk gSA vc dEI;wVj] ySiVki vkSj VScysV dk nkSj py jgk gS ,sls esa i=kdkj vxj buds ckjs esa n{k ugha gksxk rks mlds fy, i=kdkfjrk cgqr nq:g lkfcr gksxhA v[kckjksa ds vkWuykbu laLdj.k vk tkus ds dkj.k i=kdkjksa dks 'kke esa [kcj fy[kus ds ctk; rRdky fy[kuh gksrh gSA blds vykok mls viuh chV ds vykok gj fo"k; ij tkudkjh ls viMsV jgus dh vko';drk gSA mls Hkk"kk;h :i ls Hkh le`) jgus dh t:jr gSA igyh ckr rks fjiksfVZax ds le; dksbZ nwljh Hkk"kk esa ckr dj jgk gS rks Hkh [kcj fudkyuh gS blds vykok U;wt :e esa vc izwQ jhMj dh Hkwfedk [kRe gks tkus ls i=kdkj dks [kqn gh ;g Hkwfedk fuHkkuh iM+rh gSA ,sls esa Hkk"kk;h fnDdr vkt dh i=kdkfjrk esa v{kE; gSA i=kdkfjrk ds fxjrs Lrj ds ckjs esa yxus okys vkjksiksa ij lqJh ,sju dgrh gS fd ;g fuHkZj djrk gS bl ckr ij fd i=kdkfjrk dks yhM dkSu dj jgk gSA ;fn i=kdkfjrk dks mlus iw.kZr% O;olk; cuk fn;k vkSj i=kdkjh; ljksdkjksa ds ctk; O;kolkf;d ljksdkjksa ds fy, ?kqVus Vsd fn;s rks mls lEeku ikus dh bPNk R;kx nsuh pkfg,A dekscs'k fiNys ,d n'kd ls i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa dqN ,slk gh fn[k jgk gSA fQj Hkh ;fn O;fDr viuh dqlhZ dh e;kZnk dk [;ky j[krk gS rks mlds fy, vkt Hkh i=kdkfjrk ,d ifo=k vkSj lEekfur is'kk gSA lekt esa Hkh mlds fy, ,d vknj dk Hkko jgsxkA i=kdkfjrk esa efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk ds loky ij og dgrh gSa fd bldh eSa [kqn gh mnkgj.k gw¡A i=kdkfjrk ds fy, ySafxd foHksn dHkh vkM+s ugha vkrk c'krsZa ekSdk fn;k tk;sA gkykafd bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k ds vkus ds ckn bl {ks=k esa efgykvksa dk :>ku rsth ls c<+k gS vkSj lekt esa efgykvksa dks i=kdkj ds :i esa Lohd`fr Hkh fey xbZ gSA vc vDlj i=kdkfjrk f'k{kk esa yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k T;knk jgrh gSA fQj Hkh ,d leL;k muds lkFk lokZf/kd vkrh gS mudh ikfjokfjd fnDdrsaA vDlj efgyk i=kdkjksa dks vius ikfjokfjd nkf;Ro dks Hkh ftEesnkjh ls fuoZgu djuk iM+rk gSA blls os dHkh&dHkh vius i=kdkjh; ljksdkjksa dks nks;e ntsZ ij j[krh gSA ;g lgh ugha gSaA efgyk i=kdkjksa dks vius ikfjokfjd vkSj i=kdkjh; thou dks fcYdqy vyx&vyx j[kdj nkf;Roksa dks fuoZgu djuk pkfg;sA ;fn os ,slk ugha dj ikrh gS rks muds fy, i=kdkfjrk ugha gSA lk{kkRdkjdrkZ Jh jkeLo#i eseksfj;y fo'ofo|ky;] y[kuÅ ds i=kdkfjrk ,oa tulapkj foHkkx esa lgk;d izk/;kid gSaA

31

lk{kkRdkj lk{kkRdkjdrkZ% fouhr mRiy

i=kdkj flQZ i=kdkj gksrk gS% t;arh jaxukFku ofj"B i=kdkj t;arh jaxukFku ls fouhr mRiy dh ckrphr ehfM;k esa vkus ds ckn vki u iq#"k jgrs gSa vkSj u efgyk] cfYd flQZ vkSj flQZ i=kdkj gksrs gSaA vki bl QhYM esa rHkh lQy gks ldrs gSa tc vkiesa pSysat ysus dk ekík gks vkSj dke ds ekeys esa vki [kqn dks lkfcr dj ldsaA esa fojys gh ,sls i=kdkj gSa] tks ewy :i ls fga nhnf{k.ki=kdkfjrk Hkkjrh; gSa vkSj viuh esgur vkSj tTcs ds dkj.k jk"Vªh; iVy ij viuh igpku dk;e dh gSaA bUgha i=kdkjksa esa ,d uke t;arh jaxukFku dk gS ftUgksaus flQZ Hkk"kkbZ cafn'kksa dks rksM+k cfYd fganh i=kdkfjrk ds lkFk&lkFk fganh lkfgR; esa Hkh viuh ,d igpku cukbZ gSA i=kdkfjrk dSfj;j dh 'kq#vkr ^/keZ;qx* ls djus okyh t;arh jaxukFku us lksuh ,aVjVsuesaV pSuy esa dke djus ds vykok djhc lkr o"kZ rd ey;kye euksjek lewg dh if=kdk ^ofurk* dk laiknu fd;kA blds ckn nSfud ^vej mtkyk* esa Hkh Qhpj laiknd jghaA fQygky mudh ns[kjs[k esa nSfud ^fganqLrku* ds reke Qhpj iUuksa ds vykok cPpksa dh if=kdk ^uanu* Hkh izdkf'kr gksrh gSA muds rhu miU;kl ^vkl&ikl ls xqtjrs gq,*] ^vkSjrsa jksrh ugha* vkSj ^[kkukcnks'k [okfg'ksa* ds vykok dgkuh laxzg ^,d yM+dh nl eq[kkSVs* izdkf'kr gks pqds gSaA fofHkUu eqíksa dks ysdj muls ,d [kkl ckrphr& efgyk i=kdkjksa dh fLFkfr igys ls vPNh gqbZ gS ;k cnrj gqbZ gS\ de ls de ianzg lkyksa esa i=kdkfjrk esa efgykvksa dh fLFkfr dkQh csgrj gqbZ gSA esjs nkSj esa yM+fd;ka i<+kbZ djds ehfM;k esa vkrh Fkha vkSj ;g IysVQkeZ cgqr cM+k FkkA ml nkSj esa fxus&pqus yksx ehfM;k esa vkrs Fks vkSj vf/kdrj ,sls Hkh Fks] ftUgksaus ehfM;k dh i<+kbZ ugha dh FkhA igys yksx vyx&vyx QhYM ls vkrs Fks ysfdu fiNys chl o"kksaZ esa dkQh la[;k esa ehfM;k Ldwy ns'k esa [kqys gSaA ehfM;k dks ysdj tkx:drk vkbZ gS vkSj bls dSfj;j ds rkSj ij ns[kk tkus yxkA bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k vkus ds ckn bldk Øst yM+fd;ksa ij Nk;k vkSj yM+fd;ka vkus yxhaA ehfM;k esa

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

vkn'kZ dh fLFkfr vc ugha jghA fdlh vkn'kZ ds rgr tks yksx bl QhYM esa vkrs gSa] mUgsa fujk'kk gkFk yxrh gSA tks yksx lksprs gSa fd ehfM;k ds tfj, ns'k esa Økafr yk nsaxs] mudk ehfM;k ds izfr eksg Hkax gks jgk gSA tks yksx ehfM;k dks dSfj;j ds rgr ysrs gSa] [kcjksa ls [ksyuk tkurs gSa] [kcjksa dh izLrqfr dks ysdj dke djrs gSa] os xzksFk djrs gSa vkSj dj jgs gSaA vkt ds nkSj esa ehfM;k esa cafn'ksa de gqbZ gSaA

32 fiNys nl o"kksaZ esa yM+fd;ksa dk izfr'kr vkB ls chl gks x;k gSA ;g cM+s laLFkkuksa dh ckr gSA vkus okys nl lkyksa esa cM+s inksa ij efgyk,a fn[ksaxhA cMs+&cMs+ pSysatst vius gkFkksa esa ysaxhA vPNh&vPNh LVksjh czsd djsaxhA D;ksafd ehfM;k gkmlksa esa vc og utj vkus yxh gSaA nwljh ckr ;g gS fd tks yM+fd;ka dgrh gSa fd muds izfr i{kikr gksrk gS ;k mlds VSysaV dks nck;k tk jgk gS] rks ;g cjxykus okyh ckr gSA ftu yM+fd;ksa esa VSysaV gksrk gS] pSysat ysus dk ekík gS] og vkxs tk jgh gSaA ;fn vkidks 10&11 cts vkWfQl vkus dk cgkuk pkfg,] vkidks vkB&ukS cts rd jguk gS vkSj 'kke 4&5 cts rd ?kj tkus dk cgkuk pkfg, rks ;g lc vc ugha pysxkA bl izksQs'ku esa vkus ds lkFk gh vki efgyk u gksdj ,d i=kdkj gks tkrh gSaA efgyk gksus ds ukrs ,MokaVst ysuk pkgrh gSa rks bl QhYM esa vkxs c<+ ikuk eqf'dy gSA ehfM;k esa vkus ds ckn vki u iq#"k jgrs gSa vkSj u efgyk] cfYd flQZ vkSj flQZ i=kdkj gksrs gSaA vki bl QhYM esa rHkh lQy gks ldrs gSa tc vkiesa pSysat ysus dk ekík gks vkSj dke ds ekeys esa vki [kqn dks lkfcr dj ldsaA ehfM;k laLFkkuksa esa efgyk i=kdkj fdruh lqjf{kr gSa\ fganqLrku v[kckj esa dbZ uhfr;ka gSa] tks efgykvksa dks lqj{kk nsrh gSaA vHkh rd efgyk,a ;g lksp dj pyrh Fkha fd reke ckrsa ¼lsDlqvy gSjslesaV½ dke dk fgLlk gSaA vc yM+fd;ksa dh lksp dkQh Åij gqbZ gS vkSj og tkuus yxh gSa fd lsDlqvy gSjslesaV tSls ekeys dk;Z dk fgLlk ugha gSaA gkykafd bl ckr ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS fd bldk Qk;nk efgyk,a Hkh mBkrh jgh gSaA lsDlqvy Qsoj ls vki vkxs ugha c<+ ldrh gSaA dbZ rjg ds ckWl Hkh gksrs gSa tks yM+fd;ksa ls lsDlqvy Qsoj ysrs jgs gSaA vc gekjk lekt dkQh [kqy pqdk gSA NksVs ls 'kgjksa esa ml rjg dh tkx:drk vHkh ugha vkbZ gS vkSj lacaf/kr ekeys ntZ ugha gksrs gSaA ysfdu vc yM+fd;ksa dks le> esa vkus yxk gS fd ;g dkedkt dk fgLlk ugha gSA dgha&dgha yxrk gS fd yM+fd;ka bldk Qk;nk mBkus yxrh gSa ysfdu ;g ckr yksxksa dh le> esa vk tkrh gSA vkWfQl ds ekgkSy

esa ;g dnkfi cnkZ'r ugha gksxk vkSj efgykvksa dks nks;e ntkZ nsuk ;k fQj mudk 'kks"k.k gksuk vc ukeqefdu gSA vki i=kdkfjrk esa dSls vkbZa\ eSa cpiu ls fy[krh jgh gwaA nf{k.k Hkkjrh; ifjokj ls gwa vkSj rfey gwaA gekjs ifjokj esa i<+us&fy[kus dh laLd`fr jgh gSA pwafd esjs firkth fHkykbZ vk x, Fks vkSj ogka fganh dk ifjos'k Fkk] bl dkj.k fganh dh Nki esjs eu ij iM+hA eSa dgkuh fganh esa fy[krh Fkh vkSj os izdkf'kr Hkh gksrh FkhaA blls ?kj ds yksx [kq'k Hkh gksrs FksA ;g esjk ,d 'kkSd Fkk vkSj ml nkSj esa ijkx] paid] pankekek] uanu vkfn esa esjh dgkfu;ka izdkf'kr gksrh FkhaA ckn esa geyksx lifjokj cacbZ vk x, vkSj eSaus ogka ls ,e-dkWe dh i<+kbZ dhA ml nkSj esa VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k esa Vªsuh dh tkWc fudyh FkhA eSaus ogka laidZ fd;k rks eq>s dgk x;k fd vkidks fy[kus dk 'kkSd gS rks vki dqN fy[kdj Hksft;s] ilan vk,xk rks vkidks cqyk;k tk,xk vkSj p;u fd;k tk,xkA tc eSa VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k ds n¶rj xbZ vkSj ns[kk fd bruk cM+k laLFkku gS] rks eu fofLer gks x;kA fy[kuk D;k gksrk gS] i=kdkfjrk D;k gksrk gS] ;gka vkus ds ckn irk pykA ogka esjk p;u gks x;kA ;g esjs fy, iwjh rjg ubZ nqfu;k FkhA ets dh ckr ;g Fkh fd pwafd eSa ,e-dkWe dj jgh Fkh vkSj cSad esa tkWc ds fy, mRlqd Fkh] bl dkj.k esjs fy, ;g Pokbl Fkh fd eSa ehfM;k esa dqN u dj ikÅa rks cSadksa dh nqfu;k esa ykSV ldrh gwaA ysfdu ;gka vkdj eq>s yxk fd ;g ubZ rjg dh nqfu;k gS] u, yksxksa ls feyuk] ubZ rjg dh tkudkjh gj jkst izkIr djuh gSA 1985 esa eSa VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k ls tqM+h Fkh vkSj ,d lky Vªsuh jghA fQj] /keZ;qx esa milaiknd cu xbZ vkSj ml oä /keZohj Hkkjrh laiknd FksA ml nkSj dh reke egku foHkwfr;ka ogka ekStwn FkhaA os gesa crk;k djrs Fks] fl[kk;k djrs FksA lHkh yksx ogka le>kus okys Fks vkSj gesa [kwc fl[kkrs FksA ogka tks ekgkSy Fkk] mlus lky Hkj esa eq>s fu.kZ; ysus ds fy, foo'k dj fn;k fd vc eq>s dgha ugha tkuk gSA ml nkSj esa i=kdkfjrk esa yM+fd;ka dkQh de

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

33 gksrh FkhaA gekjh Vhe 15 yksxksa dh Fkh vkSj muesa egt nks yM+fd;ka FkhaA ,e-dkWe djuk vkSj fganh i=kdkfjrk esa vkuk D;k ,d fojks/kkHkkl ugha gS\ eSaus i<+kbZ ch-dkWe vkSj fQj ,e-dkWe rd dhA bl rjg dh i<+kbZ djus ds ckn vkidh Pokbl og gksrh gS] tks lekt us cukbZ gksrh gSA fQj Hkh ,d ckr gksrh gS fd vkidks D;k ilan gS vkSj D;k ugha ilan gSA ehfM;k esa vkus ij yksxksa us dkQh grksRlkfgr fd;kA eSa Hkh ehfM;k dh nqfu;k ls iwjh rjg vutku Fkh vkSj ugha tkurh Fkh fd eSa D;k dj jgh gwaA oSls Hkh cSad esa vlhe laHkkouk,a gksrh gSa vkSj ukSdjh Hkh lqjf{kr jgrh gSA ysfdu eq>s cus&cuk, jkLrs ij pyuk ilan ugha FkkA ehfM;k dk dke Hkh dkQh pSysaftax FkkA esjs fy, T;knk vkd"kZ.k Fkk] u,&u, yksxksa ls feyuk] muds fopkj tkuuk vkSj u, rjg ls dke djukA mu fnuksa efgyk i=kdkjksa dh D;k fLFkfr Fkh\ VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k esa eq>s dkQh efgyk,a fn[krh FkhaA fganh esa vHkh Hkh eq[; /kkjk esa efgyk,a dkQh de gSaA ;g og nkSj Fkk tc efgykvksa dks ikWfyfVdy chV ugha nh tkrh FkhA gkykafd jktsanz ekFkqj] ,lih flag dh utjksa esa ,slk dqN ugha FkkA mudk ekuuk Fkk fd ftlds ikl tks dkfcfy;r gks] og oSlk gh dk;Z djsA NksVs v[kckjksa esa eSaus t:j lquk gS fd efgyk,a Qhpj dkWye fy[krh gSa ;k efgyk ls tqM+s eqíksa ij fy[krh gSa ysfdu cM+s v[kckjksa esa vkidks <sj lkjs ekSds feyrs gSaA ;fn efgyk gksus ds dkj.k vki fdlh rjg dk Qk;nk ysus dh dksf'k'k djsaxh rks vki fQj fiNM+sxsA ;fn vki dqN u;k djuk pkgrs gSa rks vkidks dksbZ euk ugha djsxkA ifjorZu dk nkSj eSaus mlh oä ns[k fy;k FkkA ysfdu vkidks izwo djuk gksrk gS fd og pSysaftax dke] vki vkSj flQZ vki gh dj ldrh gSaA vkius lksuh Vhoh ds lkFk Hkh dke fd;k gS] ogka dSlk vuqHko jgk\ eSa nl lky VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k esa dke djus ds ckn bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k ls tqM+h] [kkldj ,aVjVsuesaV ehfM;k lsA og bysDVªkfud ehfM;k dk u;k nkSj FkkA ogka tkdj eSaus ubZ nqfu;k ns[kh vkSj ik;k fd ;qokvksa ds fy, fdrus lkjs vkWI'ku gSaA fganh i=kdkfjrk ,d [kkl lksp dks ysdj pyrh gSA bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k esa gj iy ubZ lksp ds lkFk mifLFkr gksuk gksrk gSA ogka eSa vk;fM,'ku eSustj Fkh vkSj lkjs fLØIV dks ns[krh Fkh fd og pSuy ds fy, vPNh gS ;k ughaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ogka jgrs gq, eSaus dbZ ckrsa lh[khaA igyk ;g fd eq>s ml nkSj esa irk py x;k Fkk fd i=kdkfjrk esa ekdsZfVax fdruk egRoiw.kZ gS] pkgs og fizaV dh i=kdkfjrk gks ;k fQj bysDVªkWfud dhA nwljh ckr ;g lh[kh fd vius vkidks cuk, j[kus ds fy, vkidks ckbZfyaXoy ¼f}Hkkf"kd½ gksuk fdruk t:jh gSA 'kq) fganh dh iwN ;fn vki fganh v[kckjksa esa dke dj jgs gSa rHkh gksxhA Xykscykbts'ku dh 'kq#vkr ml nkSj esa gks pqdh FkhA ml oä esa Hkh bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k fganh dk dkjksckj djrk Fkk ysfdu mlds Hkhrj fu.kZ; ysus okys yksx vaxzsthnka FksA euksjatu dh nqfu;k esa ml nkSj dks cgqr cM+h Økafr ds rkSj ij ns[kk tk jgk FkkA ftl le; eSa lksuh Vhoh esa dk;Z dj jgh Fkh] mlh nkSj esa ewolZ ,aM 'ksdlZ dk izlkj.k 'kq: gqvk FkkA blds ckn ey;kye euksjek dh if=kdk ^ofurk* esa laiknd cudj fnYyh vk xbZA ,d if=kdk ls v[kckj esa vkuk fdl rjg pqukSrhiw.kZ Fkk\ ^ofurk* dk ldqZys'ku <kbZ&rhu yk[k ls vf/kd Fkk] tc eSaus ogka dh ukSdjh NksM+hA v[kckj dh nqfu;k esa vki ,d lkFk dbZ dke djrs gSaA eSaus ml nkSj esa ^vej mtkyk* v[kckj esa dkQh ys[k fy[ks FksA cgqr cM+k IysVQkeZ gksrk gS v[kckjA gj rjg ds dke djus dk pSysat Hkh gksrk gSA esjs fy, Hkh ;gka vkuk de pSysat u FkkA Qhpj dk Iyku U;wt ls vkxs c<+dj djuk gksrk gSA vkt ds v[kckj esa D;k vk;k vkSj fQj vki u;k r; djrs gSaA ^vej mtkyk* NksM+us dk D;k dkj.k jgk Fkk\ eSa viuk dke 'kq: fd;k Fkk] bl dkj.k vej mtkyk dh ukSdjh NksM+h FkhA varjjk"Vªh; ,tsafl;ksa ds lkFk vkWuykbu dkeksa esa tqVh FkhA ;g dke 2009 ls ysdj 2011 rd pyk ysfdu eanh dh ekj esa og vkWLVªsfy;kbZ daiuh ds can gks tkus ds ckn eSaus viuk dke can dj fn;kA fQj eq>s viuk dke NksM+uk iM+kA i=kdkfjrk ls vki lkfgR; jpuk dh vksj dSls vkbZa\ eSa gj g¶rs eqacbZ dh ,d vkSjr dh dgkuh fy[krh Fkh vkSj og dkWye dkQh ikWiqyj FkkA eSaus ,d LVksjh dh Fkh] eaxy uked ukSdj dhA eaxy yM+dh Fkh ysfdu mlds pkpk us mls yM+dk fn[kkdj dke ij j[kok fn;k FkkA nl&ckjg o"kZ gksus ds ckn og jkt [kqyk fd eaxy uked ukSdj yM+dk ugha yM+dh gSA ;s lc esjs dgkuh ds ik=k gSaA eSaus fgtM+ksa ij dke fd;k gSA esjk nk;jk cgqr [kqyk gS vkSj ;s lc esjs dgkuh ds ik=k gSa vkSj os dgkuh ds fgLlk cus vkSj eq>s yxrk Fkk fd buds ckjs esa dqN fy[kuk pkfg,A lk{kkRdkjdrkZ nSfud ^fganqLrku*] ubZ fnYyh esa eq[; milaiknd gSaA

34

vkoj.k dFkk-1 eaxyk vuqtk

i=kdkfjrk esa efgykvksa dk ;ksxnku ,uhcslsUV us 1914 esa psUubZ ls ^dkeu ohy* fudkykA ftlesa ^LojkT; fdl rjg dk feyuk pkfg,* ds ckjs esa fy[kk gS& ^^jktuhfrd lq/kkjksa ls gekjk rkRi;Z xzke iapk;rksa ls ysdj ftyk cksMkZsa vkSj uxj ikfydkvksa] izkUrh; fo/kkulHkkvksa vkSj jk"Vªh; laln rd LojkT; LFkkfir djuk gSA bu lc laLFkkvksa dks oSlk gh LojkT; feyuk pkfg, tSlk fd fczfV'k lkezkT; ds vU; mifuos'kksa dks feyk gqvk gSA**

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d lkS pkSjklh lky iqjkuh efgyk i=kdkfjrk 1831 esa la;qDr jkT; vesfjdk ls 'kq: gqbZ] tc nqfu;k dh igyh efgyk i=kdkj ,uh U;wikWVZ jk;y us ^izky ikbZ* fudkykA 68 o"kZ dh bl tkx:d i=kdkj us izky ikbZ ds can gksus ds ek=k 13 fnu ckn gh nwljk i=k ^gaVj* fudkyuk 'kq: dj fn;k Fkk] ftls os thou ds vafre fnuksa rd fudkyrh jghaA Hkkjr esa Hkh efgyk i=kdkfjrk ds mn; dk le; dky ;gh jgk gSA lu 1933 esa Jherh fizaVpkMZ us ^bafXyleSu* dh ftEesnkjh ifr ds fu/ku ds ckn laHkkyh FkhA ckn esa Hkh ifr;ksa }kjk izdkf'kr i=k&if=kdkvksa dks laHkkyus okyh efgyk i=kdkjksa dh yach J`a[kyk ns[kus dks feyrh gSA vktknh vkanksyu ds le; tc ifjokj ds iq#"k lnL; tsy pys tkrs Fks rks muds ?kj dh efgyk;sa muds }kjk izdkf'kr i=k&if=kdkvksa dk izdk'ku tkjh j[kk djrh FkhaA Hkk"kkbZ efgyk i=kdkfjrk dh 'kq:vkr loZizFke 1848 esa eks{knkf;uh nsoh ds ^ckaXyk efgyk* ls gqbZA rRi'pkr 1857 esa psuEek rqefj us csyxkao ls dUuM Hkk"kk dh ^'kkykeB if=kdk* fudkyhA mnwZ esa ^gSnjkckn xtV* ¼1871½ vkflQ tgka us fudkykA fganh Hkk"kk esa i=kdkfjrk dh 'kq#vkr djrs gq, Jksf=k;k iw.kkZnsoh us ^vcyk fgrdkjd* ¼1883½ y[kuÅ ls izdkf'kr fd;kA laiknd ds :i esa igyk cM+k uke caxHkk"kh lqo.kZdqekjh nsoh dk jgk gS] ftUgksaus VSxksj ifjokj dh if=kdk ^Hkkjrh* dk 1884 ls 1895 vkSj 1906 ls 1920 rd laiknu fd;kA mUgsa izFke efgyk x| ysf[kdk Hkh ekuk x;k gSA mudh iq=kh ljyk nsoh us mudh vuqefr esa rFkk ckn esa Hkh ^Hkkjrh* dk lEiknu Hkkj laHkkyk FkkA o"kZ 1884 efgyk i=kdkfjrk ds fy, vPNk o"kZ fl) gqvkA bl o"kZ fxjhUnz ekfguh nsoh us ckaXyk esa ^pqukj*] ekyrhckbZ rsanqydj us eqEcbZ ls ejkBh lkfgR; ^izrksn* vkSj fcfYdltgka csxe ^ukt* us ^xqynLrk&,&ukt* mnwZ esa

fudkyhA nsgyh ls efgykvkaas ds fy, ^v[kckj m fulka* Hkh blh o"kZ izdkf'kr gqvkA fganh dh igyh efgyk laiknd gsear dqekjh nsoh pkS/kjh us e/;izns'k ds jryke ls ^lqx`fg.kh* ¼1888½ dk izdk'ku fd;kA blesa Nih ^esgrjk.kh dk lrhRo* [kcj ls ml le; dh efgyk vfLerk dks le>k tk ldrk gS& ^dydÙks ds ikl vyhiqj esa ,d ljdkjh tqysftdy cxhpk gS] ogka ,d esgrjk.kh >kM+w ns jgh FkhA ,d vaxzsth lkgc mlls NsM+[kkuh djus yxk rks mlus mlds eqag ij >kM+w ns ekjk] cxhps ds vU; yksx mls idM+dj caxkyh vQlj ds ikl ys x;s] ifgys lkgc us viuk nks"k Lohdkj u fd;k] ijUrq ihNs fourh djus yxk fd dpgjh esa ukfy'k u djsaA ckcw us mls viuk vkSj fBdkuk fy[kdj nsus dks dgk] lkgc us cM+h eqf'dy ls fy[kdj fn;kA fonk gksrs le; lkgc us gkFk fgykuk pkgk rks ckcw us dgk ^eSa ,sls ?k`f.kr i'kq ls gkFk ugha feykrkA* efgykvksa esa vkRefo'okl c<+kus okyh bl rjg dh [kcjsa efgyk i=kdkfjrk esa vkjEHk ls gh ns[kus dks feyrh gSaA ykgkSj i=kdkfjrk dk x<+ jgk gS] ogka ls gjnsoh us 1889 ls 1906 rd ^Hkkjr Hkfxuh* dk izdk'ku&laiknu fd;k] os i=kdkfjrk ds ek/;e ls Lora=krk laxzke ds dSfn;ksa ds fy, /ku bdëk fd;k djrh FkhaA ;gha ls eqgEenh csxe us ^rgtho , fuLoka* fudkykA ftlesa efgykvksa dks fy[kus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k tkrk FkkA bl mnwZ if=kdk dk laiknu vkflQ tgka djrh Fkha] blesa izdkf'kr ys[kksa ij efgykvksa dks iqjLdkj Hkh iznku fd;s tkrs FksA lu 1902 esa dkdhukM+k ls rsyqxw ekfld ^fgUnw lqUnjh* fudkyk] lEiknd ckyka=k"kq 'ks"kEek FkhaA ;gh og le; Fkk tc fnYyh us ^'kElmy fugkj* dk laiknu Hkkj ch- vYyknh utkdr

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

35 vktkn Hkkjr dh i=kdkfjrk esa efgyk i=kdkjksa dh mifLFkfr c<+h rks muds fy, i=kdkfjrk {ks=k esa fofo/k laHkkouk,¡ Hkh c<+rh pyh xbZaA bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k vkus ds ckn rks efgyk i=kdkjksa dk opZLo gh LFkkfir gks x;kA mUgksaus ;q) dh fjiksfVZax ls ysdj ?kiys&?kksVkys dks mtkxj djus esa viuh i=kdkjh; dq'kyrk fn[kykus esa dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+hA lEHkkg jgh FkhaA mlh le; ejkBh efgyk i=kdkj dh tkudkjh nsrs gq, ia- ek/kojko lizs ^NÙkhlx<+ fe=k* ¼1902½ esa fy[krs gSa& ^lqizfl) ^egkjk"Vª efgyk* uke dh ekfld iqLrd tks fedk'khukFk j?kqukFk fe=k dh /keZiRuh lkSHkkX;orh euksjek ckbZ fe=k }kjk laikfnr gksrh gS] ls fL=k;ksa ds drZO;] vkaXyiRuh ds drZO; vkSj x`fg.kh f'k{kk ys[k fy;s gSa] vr% d`rKrkiwoZd laikfndk dks dksfV'k% /kU;okn nsrs gSaA* lu 1907 rd vkrs&vkrs efgyk i=kdkfjrk ds rsojksa esa cnyko ns[kk tkus yxkA vkxjk ds ^inkZu'kha* esa Jherh [kkeks'k us vdcj bykgkcknh dk ;g 'ksj Nkik Fkk& ^^csinkZ utj vkbZ tks dy pan chfc;k¡] vdcj teha esa bTtrs dkSeh ls xM+ x;kA iwNk tks muls vkidk inkZ oks D;k gqvk] dgus yxha ds vDy is enkZsa ds iM+ x;kA** blh o"kZ izdkf'kr ckaXyk i=k ^lqizHkkr* dh laiknd dqeqnuh fe=kk us ^'kghn izQqYy pkdh* ds 'ko ds fp=k ds lkFk ;g dkO; iafDr;ka Nkih Fkha& ^^eka iwNrh gS ^gs ;k=kh* rqe bl d"Viznk ekxZ esa vle; gh D;ksa ej x,A* og mÙkj nsrk gS& ^gs ekaA blesa ihM+k ;k 'kksd dh D;k ckr gSA eSa rks e`R;q ls fuR; [ksyrk gw¡] e`R;q esjh 'k=kq ughaA eka fQj iwNrh gS& ^gs ckyd rqe fdlds I;kjs gks\ rqEgkjs fy, eSa ej tkrh] rqEgkjs Lof.kZe eq[kM+s dks ns[kdj eq>s [kq'kh gks jgh gSA* ysfdu rqe brus mUeÙk D;ksa gks x;s gks] rqEgkjs dksey ân; eas Hk; D;ksa ugha\ 'ko mÙkj nsrk gS& ^bruh cM+h nqfu;k esa vusd ?kj gSa tks eq>s I;kj ls iqdkj jgs gSa] vusd n;kyq fL=k;ka gSa] tks eq>s ekr`or O;ogkj djrh gSaA e`R;q esjh nqYgu vkSj esjh ek¡ gS]** oS| firk dh ^xq.kh iq=kh ;'kksnk nsoh us ^L=kh fpfdRld*]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

^dU;k loZLo* vkSj ^L=kh /keZ f'k{kd* dk laiknu&izdk'ku fd;kA ^L=kh/keZ f'k{kd* ¼1909½ ds eq[ki`"B ij Nik djrh Fkha& ^^xq.kjRu dk lqvkdj] f'k{kk lq/kk lq/kkdjA gS L=kh/keZ& f'k{kd] 'kqHk/keZ dk izHkkdjAA bfrgkl f'kYi oS|d] x`g uhfr iq=k ikyuA fl[kyk ds ukfj;ksa dks] nsrk uohu thouAA** blh o"kZ dk'kh ls ^x`gy{eh* dks xksikynsoh us vkSj jkes'ojh nsoh usg: us ^L=kh niZ.k* dks laikfnr fd;kA nksuksa gh if=kdkvksa us L=kh ds lexz fodkl ds fy, f'k{kk dks t:jh crk;k FkkA Hkkjrh; efgyk i=kdkfjrk esa ^,uhcslsUV ;qx* dk cgqr egRo gS] i=kdkjh; ys[ku dks vkthfodk cukus okyh ,uhcslsUV us 1914 esa psUubZ ls ^dkeu ohy* fudkykA ftlesa ^LojkT; fdl rjg dk feyuk pkfg,* ds ckjs esa fy[krh gSa& ^^jktuhfrd lq/kkjksa ls gekjk rkRi;Z xzke iapk;rksa ls ysdj ftyk cksMkZsa vkSj uxj ikfydkvksa] izkUrh; fo/kkulHkkvksa vkSj jk"Vªh; laln rd LojkT; LFkkfir djuk gSA bu lc laLFkkvksa dks oSlk gh LojkT; feyuk pkfg, tSlk fd fczfV'k lkezkT; ds vU; mifuos'kksa dks feyk gqvk gSA** mUgksaus ^enzkl LVSaMMZ* dks [kjhndj ^U;q bafM;k* uke ls izdkf'kr fd;kA vfM;kj ls ^fFk;kslksfQLV* ¼1920½ vkSj 1927 esa ^Ýh izsl lekpkj vfHkdj.k* dh 'kq#vkr dhA fizafVax izsl Mkyus okyh igyh efgyk gksus ds lkFk&lkFk Hkkjr esa i=kdkfjrk f'k{kk dh tud Hkh ,uhcslsUV gh FkhaA izfl) lkfgR;dkj vkSj i=kdkj egknsoh oekZ ^pk¡n* ¼1936½ dh lEikndh; esa ;qxksa&;qxksa ls izrkfM+r gks jgh L=kh dh ewd osnuk dks js[kkafdr djrs gq, fy[krh gSa& ^^vfXu esa cSBdj vius vkidks izfrizk.kk izekf.kr djus okyh LQfVd lh LoPN lhrk esa L=kh dh vuUr ;qxksa dh osnuk lkdkj gks xbZ gSA dkSu dg ldrk gS] ml Hkkxrs gq, ;qx us viuh ml vykSfdd d`fr] vius euq";Ro dh {kqnz lhek esa ca/ks fo'kky nsoRo dh vksj ,d ckj eqM+dj ns[kus dk Hkh d"V lgkA euq"; dh lk/kkj.k nqcZyrk ls ;qDr nhu ekrk dk o/k djrs gq, u ijkØeh ij'kqjke dk ân; fi?kyk u euq";rk dh vlk/kkj.k xfjek ls xq: lhrk dks i`Foh esa lekfgr

36 djrs gq, jke dk ân; fonh.kZ gqvkA** i<+h&fy[kh xq.kh fL=k;ksa dks ^fonq"kh vad* esa os lko/kku Hkh djrh gSa& ßgekjs ns'k dh fonqf"k;ksa dk] euq"; cu dj vkSjksa esa euq";rk ds Hkko Hkjus dk ozr xzg.k djuk gh] mudh dhfrZ dks mTToy j[k ldsxkAÞ Hkkjr dh igyh efgyk QksVks i=kdkj gksebZ O;kjkokyk 1930 esa ^bysLVªsVM ohdyh* ls tqM+ha vkSj mUgksaus Lora=krk fnol lfgr dbZ vfoLej.kh; ?kVukvksa dks 1970 rd vius dSejs esa mrkjkA T;ksfreZ;h Bkdqj ^defyuh* ¼1935½ esa if=kdk izdk'ku dk mís'; Li"V djrh gSa& ßgekjs ns'k esa fL=k;k¡ vkt nks Hkkxksa eas ck¡Vh tk ldrh gSa& ¼1½ 'kgjksa esa jgus okyh ¼2½ nsgkrksa esa jgus okyhA defyuh ds }kjk eSa L=kh&tkfr dh lsok djuk pkgrh gw¡A** ykgkSj ls izdkf'kr ^ekyrh* ¼1935½ dh lapkyd laiknd ekyrh nsoh ikBdksa }kjk 'kqYd u fn, tkus ij fy[krh gSa& ßvf/kdka'k ikBdksa us ekyrh dk;kZy; ds lkFk ,slk O;ogkj fd;k fd pkj&pkj] ik¡p&ik¡p vad eaxkrs x, vkSj fy[krs jgs fd ^vc pUns dh jde Hksth tkrh gSA* ^vc Hksth tkrh gS* fdarq etcwj gksdj tc dk;kZy; us ch-ih- Hkstk rks fuLladksp ls okfil dj fn;k ftlls pkj vkus Qh xkgd dh vksj ls dk;kZy; dks vkSj gkfu mBkuh iM+hA ,sls egkuqHkkoksa dh la[;k lSdM+ksa esa gSAÞ dksydkrk ls ØkfUrdkjh i=kdkj lhrknsoh us ^efgyk* ¼1938½ ds izFkekad esa fL=k;ksa dks niZ.k fn[kkus dh dksf'k'k dh Fkh& ß>wBs vkRe xkSjo dk vkoj.k gVkdj ns[ksa rks Li"V Kkr gksxk fd lalkj ds ,d d.k ij Hkh gekjk vf/kdkj ugha gSA ftl xkSjo] Kku vkSj Lok/khurk dh ge Hkh tUe&fl) vf/kdkfj.kh gSa ml ij iq#"kksa us ,dkdh vf/kdkj tek jD[kk gSA D;k ?kj] D;k lekt] D;k jktuhfr] D;k vFkZ dgha Hkh gekjh lÙkk ugha gSA iq#"k izHkq gesa viuh bPNk ds vuqlkj pykrs gSa vkSj ge muds bafxr ij pyus esa gh viuk vgksHkkX; le>rh gSaAÞ efgyk i=kdkjksa us vius vkidks dsoy efgyk foe'kZ rd gh lhfer ugha j[kk] vfirq lkfgfR;d i=kdkfjrk Hkh dh] ^eqlkfQj* ¼1940½ esa jktjkuh nhf{kr us fy[kk& ßge fgUnh esa ,d ubZ ;kstuk ysdj [kM+s gq,A lq#fpiw.kZ lkfgR;] lfp=k vkSj lqUnj xsV&vi esa gksdj Hkh lÙkk gks] izR;sd ys[kd dks mlds Je dk leqfpr ewY; feys] mnh;eku izfrHkk dks izksRlkgu fn;k tk,A bu mís';ksa ds e/; ^eqlkfQj* dk tUe gqvk vkSj bUgha ds e/; mldk iks"k.k gks jgk gSAÞ 1942 eas Hkkjr NksM+ks vkUnksyu 'kq: gqvk rks Å"kk esgrk dkWyst dh i<+kbZ NksM+ vkUnksyu esa dwn iM+ha] mUgksaus dqN fe=kksa dh lgk;rk ls ^xqIr jsfM;ks* dh LFkkiuk dj izlkj.k 'kq: dj fn;k]

ftlus ^vaxzstksa Hkkjr NksM+ks* ds ukjs dks xk¡o&xk¡o rd igq¡pk fn;kA ^vydk* ¼1947½ dh lEiknd fo}Ùkek feJ us muds ckjs esa fy[kk& ßljdkjh fu;a=k.k ds dkj.k lekpkj v[kckjksa esa ugha Nius ikrs Fks] vr% turk jsfM;ks lquus ds fy, mRlqd jgrh FkhA m"kk vaxzsth esa Hkk"k.k djrh Fkha vkSj vUr eas ^oUns ekrje~* xku ds lkFk viuk izksxzke iwjk djrh FkhaA m"kk esgrk dks ^jsfM;ks "kM~;a=k dsl* esa nf.Mr fd;k x;k FkkA Hkkjr dh vfLerk fgUnh ij ^Hkkjrh* ¼1944½ dh lEiknd 'kkUrk dqekjh fy[krh gSa& ßorZeku le; esa jk"VªHkk"kk fgUnh dk iz'u dsoy dk'ehj dk gh ugha cfyd leLr Hkkjr dk gS] blfy, ge vk'kk djrs gSa fd u;s iz/kkuea=kh lkfgc bl leL;k dks lqy>kus dk iz;Ru djsaxsAÞ jk"Vªh; vkUnksyu esa lfØ; Hkwfedk fuHkkus okyh efgyk i=kdkjksa us lHkh Hkk"kkvksa eas viuh mifLFkfr ntZ djkbZ gSA ftu efgyk i=kdkjksa us i=kdkfjrk txr esa vfeV Nki NksM+h muesa ls dqN ieq[k gSa& izfrHkknsoh] cklarh nsoh] mfeZyk nsoh] lqUnjh nsoh] 'kkafr nsoh ukx] jkes'ojh nsoh] ehjk nÙk] yhyk jk;] dY;k.kh nkl] xksiky nsoh] jsok jko] vUuiw.kkZ nsoh] vgenh [kkrwu] csxe v[rj vktkn] lqxjk csxe g;k] tgwj Qkfrek csxe] csxe drhy valkjh] de#fUulk csxe] Qgfenk [kkrwu] lk;jk csxe Qk#dh] esgewnk fjtfo;k] eqUuaxh y{ehujflag ljek] MkWeqÙkqy{eh jsìh] 'kkjnk nsoh] ekyrh iVo/kZu lrh] th nqxkZckbZ ns'keq[k] ekyrh panj] voafrdk ckbZ xks[kys] ekbZ cjsjdj] deykckbZ pkSxqys] nqxkZ Hkkxor] tkyw dkaxk] ouyhyk 'kkg] ehuk{kh ds i.M~;k] 'kkUrk dqekjh] dkSf'kY;k nsoh] lqHknzkdqekjh pkSgku] ghjknsoh prqoZsnh] 'khyk >qu>quokyk] e`.kky ik.Ms vkfn&vkfnA ,d NksVs ls ys[k esa lHkh dks lekfgr dj ikuk laHko ugha gSA vktkn Hkkjr dh i=kdkfjrk fodkl dh i=kdkfjrk jghA efgyk i=kdkjksa dh mifLFkfr c<+h rks muds fy, i=kdkfjrk {ks=k esa fofo/k laHkkouk,¡ Hkh c<+rh pyh xbZaA bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k vkus ds ckn rks efgyk i=kdkjksa dk opZLo gh LFkkfir gks x;kA mUgksaus ;q) dh fjiksfVZax ls ysdj ?kiys&?kksVkys dks mtkxj djus esa viuh i=kdkjh; dq'kyrk fn[kykus esa dksbZ dlj ugha NksM+hA dk;Z{ks=k dk nk;jk c<+us ds lkFk&lkFk] i=kdkfjrk txr ds cM+s&cM+s inksa ij efgyk i=kdkjksa dh mifLFkfr ntZ gqbZ] tgk¡ mUgksaus viuh dk;Z{kerk ls u dsoy ifjfpr djk;k] vfirq dbZ ckj rks vpafHkr Hkh dj fn;kA vHkh Hkh Hkkjr esa efgyk i=kdkfjrk ds fy, vlhe laHkkouk,¡ cuh gqbZ gSaA & ysf[kdk lizs laxzgky;] Hkksiky dh funs'kd gSaA

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vkoj.k dFkk-2 ofrZdk uank

ehfM;k Lisl esa vkSjr dh ekStwnxh [kcjksa dh HkhM+ ds chp [kcj ijkslus dk dke Hkys gh vDlj mlds fgLls vkrk gS ij blls Hkh cM+k dke dk eap mlds lkeus jgrk gS ftl ij og gy pykrh gSA vly esa [kcjksa dh HkhM+ ds chp [kcj ijkslrh vkSjr ,d fcac gS vkSj lekt dh dbZ ijrksa dks m/ksM+ dj lkeus j[krh gSA Vhoh ds ckgj vkSj vanj&nksuksa gh txgksa ij efgyk dh Nfo dks cgqr lksp&le>dj x<+k x;k gSA [kcj dk cktkj [kcj ehfM;k ds dsanz esa gSA ehfM;k ds reke vaxksa esa U;wt ehfM;k lcls lfØ;] ltx] vfuok;Z vkSj xaHkhj t:jr ds rkSj ij ns[kk tkrk gSA [kcj dk cktkj lkekftd] vkfFkZd] jktuhfrd] lkaLd`frd vkSj ;gka rd fd vkanksyudkjh vkSj vk/;kfRed fn'kk dks Hkh izHkkfor vkSj dbZ ckj lapkfyr rd djrk gSA blfy, [kcj ds cktkj dks utjvankt ugha fd;k tk ldrkA ysfdu [kcj flQZ [kcj dh otg ls gh [kcj cudj [kRe ugha gksrhA [kcj ds lkFk izR;{k ;k vizR;{k :i ls cgqr ls ,sls dkjd tqM+s gksrs gSa tks ehfM;k ds dYpj dh ifjHkk"kk dks cukrs&cnyrs gSaA ;gh otg gS fd tkWu dkWuZj bls ehfM;k LVMht ds chpksachp ifCyd ukWyst izkstDV dk uke nsrs gSaA ;gka lwpuk ds ihNs dh jktuhfr vkSj n'kZd dks fdlh ns'k ds ukxfjd ds rkSj ij ns[kus dh Hkh O;oLFkk gSA1 ,d tkuk&ekuk dFku gS fd gj O;fäxr ?kVuk jktuhfrd ugha gks ldrh ysfdu mlesa jktuhfrd gksus ;k cuk, tkus dh laHkkouk ges'kk ekStwn jgrh gSA ;gh [kcj dh rkdr Hkh gSA ysfdu lkFk gh [kcj dh iwjh nqfu;k [kqn Hkh dbZ rkdrksa ds ?ksjs esa gh fn[krh gSA ehfM;k ds lewps ifjn`'; esa iq#"k vkSj efgyk ds chp dk vlarqyu cgqr lkQ rkSj ij mHkj dj lkeus vkrk gSA iwjh nqfu;k] [kkl rkSj ls Hkkjr esa] ehfM;k dh mifLFkfr Bksl gqbZ gS vkSj ;g ns'k ds lcls nenkj m|ksx ds rkSj ij ns[kk Hkh tkus yxk gSA ysfdu blds ckotwn vc Hkh dke ds caVokjs] [kcjksa ds p;u vkSj izFkkfedrk esa vkSjr dh ekStwnxh cgqr izHkkoh ugha gks ldrh gSA efgykoknh bfrgkldkj esjh j;ku us Hkh ;g ekuk Fkk fd 18oha vkSj 19oha lnh ds lcls lfØ; nkSj esa efgyk,a ihNs fn[kha tcfd jktuhfrd izfØ;k vkSj efgyk vf/kdkjksa ds fy, mudh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

Hkwfedk dkQh nenkj FkhA vxj mudh Hkwfedk dks ml le; bfrgklc) fd;k tkrk rks vkt ,d nwljs rjg dk bfrgkl i<+us dks feyrkA

[kcj vkSj euksjatu ds chp efgyk blds dsanz esa ;g le>uk t:jh gks tkrk gS fd [kcj ds fu/kkZj.k] vkxeu] p;u vkSj mlds LFkku dks r; djus ds nkSjku vk/kh vkcknh dh txg dgka vkSj fdruh t:jh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA Hkkjr esa gj 34 feuV esa ,d efgyk dk cykRdkj gksrk gS] 43 feuV esa ,d efgyk dk vigj.k gksrk gS vkSj gj 93 feuV esa 2 de ls de ,d efgyk dh gR;kA bu vkadM+ksa dh i`"BHkwfe esa vkSjr vkSj ehfM;k ds chp ds rkus&ckus dks le>us dh dksf'k'k dh tk ldrh gS D;ksafd reke cglksa ds ckotwn bl ckr ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd vkSjr ls tqM+s eqíksa ij vkSjr dh i=kdkjh; ekStwnxh [kcj dks csgrj laosnu'khyrk ds lkFk ij[kus dh

38

dkfcfy;r j[krh gSA fQYe MVhZ fiDpj esa fo|k ckyu dgrh gSa fd fQYeksa esa rhu gh phtsa fcdrh gSa& ,aVjVsaesaV] ,aVjVsaesaV vkSj ,aVjVsaesaVA fQYe esa dgk x;k ;g lp Vhoh ds NksVs ijns ij T;knk cM+s vkdkj esa fn[kkbZ nsrk gS vkSj fopkj ds u, dsanz [kksy dj lkeus j[krk gSA ehfM;k ds c<+rs foLrkj ds chp xaHkhj [kcj ds vxaHkhj lalkj ij lrr cgl gksus yxh gSA Hkkjrh; ehfM;k vius vkdkj ds vykok vius ncncs] u, dysoj] eqLrSnh vkSj rsth ls pedrh ftl lsgr dh otg ls ftruk [kcj esa vk;k gS] mruk gh [kqn ds cs[kcj ;k viuh [kcj cu tkus dh otg ls HkhA ,d mEehn txh Fkh fd ehfM;k dk c<+rk vkdkj L=kh ds fy, cjkcjh ¼dkQh gn rd½ dh tehu dks [kM+k djsxk ysfdu tks vkcksgok cuh] mlesa efgyk euksjatu dk lkeku curh rks fn[kh ij cjkcjh ls ijs gh jghA blfy, isM U;wt] fc[kjrh U;wt] vkanksyu dh U;wt] czsfdax U;wt ds reke foe'kksaZ ds chp ehfM;k ds cktkj esa L=kh dh ekStwnxh dks Hkh 'kh'ks ij mrkjuk t:jh fn[krk gSA U;wt ehfM;k esa tsaMj fjiksfVaZx ij nqfu;k ds lcls 'kks/kijd iz;kl Xykscy ehfM;k ekWfuVfjax fjiksVZ dk ;gka ftØ djuk gksxkA bl fjiksVZ dks rS;kj djus ds fy, o"kZ 2009&10 esa 130 ns'kksa ds 42 lSaiy fy, x,A blds fy, 14]044 [kcjksa dk pquko fd;k x;kA blesa ;g ik;k x;k fd jktuhfr ;k ljdkjh lekpkj vc Hkh dqy dojst dk 27 izfr'kr fgLlk ysrs gSa tcfd vijk/k vkSj fgalk 20 izfr'kr gSA fjiksVZ esa ;g dgk x;k fd lcls t:jh eqíksa ij Hkh efgykvksa dh jk; dksbZ [kkl ek;us ugha j[krhA reke lekpkj ek/;eksa esa ljdkj vkSj jktuhfr ij efgyk ds fopkj 4 izfr'kr vkSj vFkZO;oLFkk tSls eqíksa ij flQZ 1 izfr'kr txg gh gkfly dj ikrs gSaA bl fjiksVZ dks ns[kus ds ckn nf{k.k vÝhdk ls fudyus okys lekpkj i=k Msyh fyaDl ds laikndh; esa [kkl rkSj ls ;g dgk x;k fd ßvxj dojst dh fLFkfr ;gh jgh rks gesa fdlh lQyrk rd igqapus esa de ls ,d 'krkCnh vkSj yxsxhAÞ3 ysfdu ;g ckr Fkh [kcj curh efgyk dh ysfdu [kcj cukrh efgyk dh fLFkfr D;k gS] bl ij lwpukijd ppkZ,a dkQh lhfer jgh gSaA Hkkjrh; ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds izfrfuf/kRo dh fLFkfr tkuus ds fy, ehfM;k LVMht xzqi dk fd;k x;k ,d ns'kO;kih losZ Hkh pSadkus okys vkadM+s is'k djrk gSA ehfM;k esa ySafxd vlekurk dks fn[kkus okyk ;g losZ crkrk gS fd ehfM;k esa

efgykvksa dk ns'kO;kih vkSlr izfrfuf/kRo ek=k 2-7 izfr'kr gSA blesa 6 jkT; vkSj nks dsanz 'kkflr izns'k ,sls gSa tgka ftyk Lrj ij efgyk i=kdkjksa dk vkSlr 'kwU; gS tcfd vka/kzizns'k esa ftyk Lrj ij dk;Zjr efgyk i=kdkj vkSj laikndksa dh la[;k lcls vf/kd ¼107½ gS vkSj ;g lwph esa lcls mij gSA4 yksdra=k ds fofHkUu LraHkksa esa efgykvksa ds izfrfuf/kRo dh tc Hkh ckr gksrh gS ehfM;k] efgykvksa ds l'kfädj.k vkSj izfrfuf/kRo ds loky dks cgqr tksjnkj rjhds ls mBkrk gSA ysfdu vkadM+s crkrs gSa fd [kqn ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds izfrfuf/kRo dh gkyr dkQh uktqd gSA o"kZ 2006 esa ehfM;k LVMht xzqi us ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa dh lkekftd i`"BHkwfe ij Hkh ,d v/;;u fd;k FkkA ;g crkrk gS fd fu.kZ; ysus okys inksa ij efgykvksa dh fgLlsnkjh dsoy 17 izfr'kr gSA vaxzsth dh bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k ;gka csgrj fLFkfr esa Fkh] tgka fu.kZ; ysus okys inksa ij 32 izfr'kr efgyk,a dk;Zjr FkhaA ehfM;k LVMht xzqi us ;s losZ fnYyh fLFkr 37 jk"Vªh; ehfM;k laLFkkuksa esa fu.kZ; ysus okys 315 egRoiw.kZ inksa dks nk;js esa j[krs gq, fd;k FkkA blesa gj laLFkku esa Åij ds Øe ls 10 inksa ds ckjs esa v/;;u fd;k x;k FkkA

Nfo;ksa ds lalkj ds chp efgykokn tkfgj rkSj ij [kcjksa ds xaHkhj dke&dkt ds chp vkSjr dh dbZ Nfo;ka ,dne lkQ gSaA ijns ds ihNs og ,d deZB efgyk gS ftls iq#"kksa ds chp mlh rRijrk ls ¼vkerkSj ij rks mlls Hkh T;knk rRijrk ls½ dke djuk gS rkfd og derj lkfcr u gksA mldk ;g dke&dkt n¶rjh pkjnhokjh esa Hkys gh fn[k tkrk gks ij ckgj dh nqfu;k mlds la?k"kksaZ ls veweu vNwrh gh jgrh gSA ijns ds lkeus fn[krh vkSjr ,d lth&laojh fu;r ijikVh esa fn[krh gS tks ,d vke n'kZd dks lqanj] n'kZuh;] mi;ksxh] fVdkÅ vkSj vkerkSj ij ltkoV ds ,d lkeku dh rjg fn[kkbZ ns ldrh gS vkSj cjkcjh dk Hkze iSnk djrh gS ij vly ckr ;g gS fd efgyk flQZ [kcj dks i<+rh Hkj gh ugha gSA [kcjksa dh HkhM+ ds chp [kcj ijkslus dk dke Hkys gh vDlj mlds fgLls vkrk gS ij blls Hkh cM+k dke dk eap mlds lkeus jgrk gS ftl ij og gy pykrh gSA vly esa [kcjksa dh HkhM+ ds chp [kcj ijkslrh vkSjr ,d fcac gS vkSj lekt dh dbZ ijrksa dks m/ksM+ dj lkeus j[krh gSA Vhoh ds ckgj vkSj vanj&nksuksa gh txgksa ij efgyk dh Nfo dks cgqr lksp&le>dj x<+k x;k gSA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

39 [kcjksa ds chp efgyk vkSj efgyk ds ml ikj dh [kcj njvly ,adj n'kZd vkSj [kcj ds chp lsrq dk dke djrh gSA ysfdu ,slk dbZ ckj gksrk gS fd lsrq dh ,d [kkl Nfo jp nh tkrh gS ftlds tfj, [kcj dks fofo/k vk;keksa ls izHkkfor djus dk iz;kl dj fn;k tkrk gSA ;g Hkh ,d otg gS fd nqfu;k Hkj ds Vhoh pSuy esa efgykvksa dks ,adj ds rkSj ij izeq[krk nsus dk pyu 'kq: gks x;kA vkLVªsfy;k dh tkuh&ekuh Vhoh ,adj dVjhuk yh us Hkh ;g ekuk Fkk fd U;wt i<+us okyh efgyk dh [kwclwjrh okdbZ dkQh ek;us j[krh gSA os 1978&1997 rd Vsyhfotu ,adj jgha FkhA ysfdu [kqn mUgsa 1985 esa vkLVªsfy;k czkWMdkfLVax ,lksfl,'ku ds f[kykQ dsl djuk iM+k Fkk D;ksafd ,d dk;ZØe esa mudh rqyuk 5 pwls gq, vke ls dh xbZ FkhA bl ?kVuk us bl cgl dks mHkkjk Fkk fd efgyk ,adj dk dke T;knk izeq[k gksrk gS ;k fQj mldh yqDlA cgl ;g Hkh gqbZ Fkh fd [kcj i<+rh vkSjr dks ,d xaHkhj deZ djrs i=kdkj ds rkSj ij ns[kk tk, ;k fQj XySej ds ySal ls ml ij fVIif.k;ka dh tk,aA vejhdk dk QkWDl pSuy Hkh efgyk ,adjksa esa XySej dks roTtks nsrk fn[kkbZ nsrk jgk gSA ,d yacs le; rd QkWDl bdykSrk ,slk usVodZ cuk jgk ftlus vius ,adjksa ds fy, best dalyVsaV j[ksA QkWDl U;wt ds ps;jeSu jkWxj ,fyl us ,d ckj dgk Hkh Fkk fd lkjg ikfyu dks crkSj ,adj blfy, j[kk x;k D;ksafd og gkWV 6 gS vkSj jsfVax ykrh gSA

,dfjax Lisl esa efgykvksa dk ijpe njvly Vsyhfotu ehfM;k esa vkus okys cnyko T;knk rRij gksrs gSaA ;gka u, eqgkojs vkSj u, f[kykM+h jkst vk tqM+rs gSaA ysfdu ehfM;k LVMht esa lcls cM+h pqukSrh ;gh gS fd reke ek/;eksa ds chp dkWeu ;kuh ,d leku gS D;kA vyx&vyx ns'kksa dh lÙkkvksa vkSj :fp;ksa ds vkl&ikl ?kwerk ehfM;k ckgjh izHkkoksa ls drbZ vNwrk ugha gS] ,sls esa jk"Vªh; iz.kkyh ls ysdj lkaLd`frd dysoj rd ehfM;k ds iM+us okys vlj dh xgu leh{kk vfuok;Z gks tkrh gSA ;gh otg gS fd fiNys ,d n'kd esa ehfM;k ls fudyus okyh /ofu;ksa vkSj ladsrksa ij xgu 'kks/k dh t:jr eglwl dh tkus yxh gSA u, Hkkjr esa Hkh U;wt ,adfjax dh Lisl ij efgykvksa dk opZLo dk;e gks pqdk gSA [kcj dh izLrksrk ls ysdj [kcj dks tksM+dj ykus okyh Hkh efgyk gh gSA vc vxj ;g iwNk tk, fd

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

reke U;wt pSuyksa esa ,d dkWeu ckr D;k gS rks mlesa czsfdax U;wt dh gM+cM+h ds vykok ;g ckr t:j vk,xh fd bUgsa i<+us okyksa esa efgyk,a gh T;knk gSaA nwjn'kZu dh ik"kk.k;qxhu Hkkouk'kwU; psgjk fy, ,adj 90 dk n'kd ikj djrs&djrs ,dne eq[kj gks mBhA oks tSls vfrjsd mRlkg ls Hkj mBhA dyQnkj lkM+h igudj ,d Hkkjrh; ukjh dh tks Nfo nwjn'kZu us x<+h Fkh] oks mlls Hkh pkcqd dh xfr ls ckgj fudy vkbZA vc tks Nfo cuh] oks pqLrh] QqrhZ vkSj eLrh dh FkhA lcls igys rks lkM+h njfdukj dj nh xbZA dqNsd pqfuank ,adjksa dks NksM+ nsa rks futh pSuyksa esa lkM+h vc chrs le; dh ckr gks xbZ yxrh gSA ;s ,adj yky xqykc vkSj cukjlh lkM+h ls cgqr vkxs fudy pqdh gSaA ;s VsyhizkaIVj jfgr gSa vkSj lh/ks tehu ij [kM+h gSaA ,d cnyko vkRefo'okl dks ysdj vk;k gSA ;s efgyk,a Hkjiwj vkRefo'okl ds lkFk lkeus vkrh gSaA LØhu ij ;s iwjs fu;a=k.k esa fn[krh gSa vkSj ,d l/ks gq, okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djrh pyrh gSaA ;g flQZ lqcg dh jks'kuh vkSj jkr ds <yus rd gh ugha fn[krhaA ;g iwjs pkSchlksa ?kaVs fn[krh gSaA blls ,d lh/kk lans'k ;g Hkh tkrk gS fd efgykvksa ds bl ;qx ls Mj dh daidih vc ?kVh gSA cjlksa igys ftu efgykvksa dks uktqd&uje djkj djrs gq, mUgsa lhfer vof/k;ksa esa ckaV dj mu ij tks dVk{k fd, tkrs Fks] os vc fleVs gSa D;ksafd efgykvksa pkSchlksa ?kaVs eqLrSn gSaA os [kcj dh Hkk"kk le>rh gSa vkSj mldh xaHkhjrk HkhA os [kku&iku ;k lkSan;Z ds Qhpj dh ifjikVh ls ckgj vkdj lh/ks ;q) ds eSnku rd igqap 7 tkus esa l{ke gks xbZ gSA vc mlds ikl gS <sj lkjh fgEerA

efgyk l'kfädj.k dh tehu ij Vhoh ,adj ysfdu ftl ek/;e ls L=kh foe'kZ dh xwat dks l'kä cuk;k tk ldrk Fkk] ogka dbZ ckj lhyu Hkh fn[kus yxrh gSA vly esa Vhoh U;wt esa efgykvksa dh izR;{k ekStwnxh efgyk l'kfädj.k dh ygj dks ,d u;k tkek iguk ldrh Fkh ij cnyko bruh rsth ls fd, x, vkSj O;kolkf;drk bl dnj gkoh gqbZ fd bu dqN lkyksa us efgyk ,adjksa ds psgjs ls ysdj igukos vkSj psgjs ds Hkkoksa dks Hkh dkQh gn rd cny dj j[k fn;kA lkFk gh cny fn, mlds vFkZ HkhA ysfdu dqN ckrsa vc Hkh le> esa ugha vkrhaA D;ksa futh pSuyksa dh U;wt ,adj vc Hkh vDlj eksVs esdvi ds uhps nch fn[krh gSa] D;ksa ;g eku fy;k x;k gS fd n'kZd mUgsa if'peh ifj/kku esa ns[k dj gh [kq'kh eglwl djsxk vkSj D;ksa U;wt ,adfjax

40 dks dkQh gn rd ;qofr;ksa rd gh lhfer dj ds j[k fn;k x;k gSA chchlh vkSj lh,u,u ls lcd ysus esa 'kk;n gesa vHkh dbZ lky yxsaxsA ,d ckr vkSj] Vhoh dh efgyk ,adj dks vc Hkh ltk&/ktk fn[kk;k tkuk vxj etcwjh gS rks oSlh xgu etcwjh iq:"k ,adj ds lkFk D;ksa ughaA efgyk ,adj dks p'ek igus fn[kkuk Hkh vc rd T;knk ikpu ;ksX; gks ugha ldk gSA blds vykok vDlj ,slk gksrk gS fd pquko ;k fQj fdlh cM+h vkink ds vkrs gh efgyk,a LØhu ls rdjhcu ckgj gks tkrh gSaA 2008 esa 5 jkT;ksa ds fo/kkulHkk pquko ds urhtksa ds le; ;g ckr lkQ rkSj ij fn[kkbZ nhA os vxj ml le; ijns ls ckgj f[kldk nh xbZa rks D;k blfy, ugha fd ckdh lekt dh rjg Vhoh esa Hkh dgha u dgha og iq#"kenka/k n`f"V lfØ; gS tks L=kh dks vius cjkcj ugha ekurh\ ;g blfy, rdyhQnsg gS fd Vhoh pSuyksa us efgyk i=kdkfjrk dk iqjkuk pkS[kVk dkQh dqN cnyk gSA ge pkgsa rks ;kn dj ldrs gSa fd fizaV ehfM;k esa vjls rd efgykvksa dh i=kdkfjrk Qhpj i`"Bksa] dyk&leh{kkvksa] jlksbZ ds jktksa vkSj efgykvksa ls tqM+s eqíksa rd fleVh jghA jktuhfr dh nq:g ;k [kkstijd fjiksfVaZx dh rdyhQnsg ;k=kk,a tSls iq#"kksa dk 8 fo'ks"kkf/kdkj jghaA lh/kk eryc ;gh gS fd dfFkr rkSj ij eqf'dy ;k fnekxh ekustkusokyh chV esa efgyk ds fy, [kqn dks fVdk ikuk vc Hkh cgqr vklku ugha gks ik;k gSA ,d ckr vkSj pqHkrh gSA izfr;ksfxrk dk ncko vkSj [kqn dks fdlh Hkh rjg ls lkfcr djus dk fnekxh vkns'k bl dnj gkoh jgk gS fd U;wt ehfM;k dh efgyk vDlj vius lkaps esa fn[krh gh ughaA og tSls [kqn dks gh [kksrh gqbZ pyh tk jgh gSA ;g le; iRFkj gksrh ,adj dk le; curk yxrk gSA ehfM;k esa vkSjr dh ekStwnxh laosnu'khyrk dk u;k dks'k jp ldrh Fkh ij gqvk dqN ;wa fd ;gka Hkh efgyk fdlh ladksp ;k ghu Hkkouk ds pyrs iq#"k&ljh[kh fn[kus vkSj O;ogkj djus dh dksf'k'k djus yxhA ehfM;k esa efgyk dk gksuk csgn lq[kn fLFkfr gS ij T;knk lq[kn fLFkfr rc gksxh tc ehfM;k ds vanj vkSj ckgj& nksuksa gh txgksa ij efgyk ds vanj dh efgyk Hkh dk;e jgsA U;wt jhMj ,d czkaM cukus dk dke djrh gSaA n'kZd] [kcj vkSj pSuy ds chp ds bl iqy ds lkFk vizR;{k rkSj ls tulaidZ vkSj ekdsZfVax ds rkj Hkh tqM+s jgrs gSaA Vhoh ij fn[krh bu reke Nfo;ksa ds chp ,adj dk fpjifjfpr gksrk tkuk Vhoh U;wt ds

O;kikj esa ÅtkZ Hkh Hkjrk gSA blds vykok blds lkFk fo'oluh;rk dk cM+k dkjd Hkh tqM+rk gS tks [kcj dks ijkslus esa cgqr dkjxj lkfcr gksrk gSA ;gh otg gS fd LVksjh crkrs U;wt pSuy esa LVksjh crkus okys dk vyx fn[kuk t:jh curk gSA ysfdu vDlj ;g x<+h xbZ Nfo;ka dqN vkSj lans'k Hkh nsus yxs gSa tks lqikP; ugha gksrsA ,sls esa t:jh gks tkrk gS fd ehfM;k dks ysdj 'kks/k dh tehu dks rS;kj fd;k tk,A tks ehfM;k vc lÙkk dh fn'kk vkSj mldh tUedqaMyh r; djrk gS] ml ehfM;k ds vanj larqyu cuk, j[kus ds fy, Hkh ;g t:jh gSA ns'k dh laln esa larqyu gks ik, ;k u gks ik, ysfdu ltx izgjh dk dke djrk ehfM;k vxj pkgsxk rks ,slk gksxk t:jA ;g ,d felky yksdar=k ds ckdh rhu LraHkksa ds fy, Hkh ehy dk ,d iRFkj gksxhA vk/kh vkcknh dks flQZ lkSan;Z ;k ikfjokfjd t:jrksa dh fdrkc eku dj mlds lkjs iUus vius fglkc ls Hkj nsuk tk;t ugha gksxkA L=kh ds vius lp dk lalkj vc Hkh ehfM;k esa xqe gSA og ;k rks xqfM+;k cuk nh tkrh gS ;k fQj ,d xqYyd ftlesa Vhvkjih ds flDds Hkjrs jgsaA vkSjr lQyrk dh dbZ ixMafM;ksa ij py pqdh gSA bartkj ,d iDdh lM+d dk gS tgka mlds fy, loky de gksa vkSj dke dk vkdyu flQZ dke ds cSjksehVj ls gh gksA viuh {kerk dks og cgqr igys lkfcr dj pqdh gSA vc bartkj ,d LFkk;h tehu ds cuk, tkus dk gSA lanHkZ 1. Studying Media: Problems of Theory and Method, John Corner, Edinburgh University Press, 1998 2.NCERB 2006 3. http://www.indiatogether.org/2010/mar/ajo-gendrep.htm

4- tu ehfM;k] ebZ 2012 5.http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1301&dat=198 60410&id=bZAyAAAAIBAJ&sjid=MegDAAAAIBAJ&p g=5067,5954485 6. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/23/fox-newsmakeup-women-anchors_n_1824659.html

7- Vsyhfotu vkSj Økbe fjiksfVZax] ofrZdk uank] jktdey izdk'ku] 2010 8- dgk¡ pyh xbZa efgyk,¡] fiz;n'kZu] tulÙkk] 15 fnlacj] 2008 ysf[kdk ehfM;k vkSj lkfgR; ij vius dke ds fy, Hkkjr ds jk"Vªifr Jh iz.ko eq[kthZ ls L=kh&'kfä iqjLdkj ls lEekfurA bl le; fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; ds ysMh Jh jke dkWyst esa i=kdkfjrk foHkkx dh v/;{k gSa bZ esy– vartikamedia@gmail.com

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41

vkoj.k dFkk-3 fouhr mRiy

lrr la?k"kZ ls ikbZ lQyrk fczVsu esa vkradh geyksa dks ysdj ,uMhVhoh dh fuf/k jktnku dh fjiksZfVax D;k dksbZ Hkwy ldrk gS\ ogha] lkxfjdk ?kks"k vius dfj;j ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa bafM;u ,Dlizsl vkSj VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k ls tqM+h jgha Fkh vkSj og igyh efgyk gSa ftUgksaus chchlh ds yksdfiz; 'kks ^Dos'pu Vkbe bafM;k* dh ,adfjax dhA dks 1993 eqacbZ /kekdksa ds nks"kh ;kdwc esuu dks rh l,dtqvksykbZj tgka Qkalh nh tk jgh Fkh] ogha baVjusV dh nqfu;k esa mlls baVjO;w ysus okyh efgyk i=kdkj dh ppkZ Hkh gks jgh FkhA og baVjO;w Hkh dksbZ fyf[kr QkeZ esa ugha cfYd ohfM;ks baVjO;w Fkk vkSj ;g baVjO;w djus okyh dksbZ vkSj ugha cfYd e/kq =ksgu FkhA ^U;wt VSªd* dh laLFkkid e/kq =ksgu dh ul&ul esa i=kdkfjrk nkSM+rh gSA 1968 esa yanu ls tuZfyfLVd QksVksxzkQh dkslZ vkSj dksyafc;k ls i=kdkfjrk esa ekLVj fMxzh djus okyh e/kq =ksgu us 1975 esa vius firk oh-oh- iqjh ds lkFk bafM;k VqMs dh LFkkiuk dhA dqN fnuksa rd vius firk ds lkFk dke djus ds ckn vius ifr vkSj tkus&ekus ltZu ujs'k =ksgu ds lkFk fons'k pyh xbZA ckn esa Hkkjr ykSVus ij mUgksaus igyh ohfM;ks U;wt eSxthu ^U;wt VªSd* dh LFkkiuk dhA uCcs feuV dh bl ohfM;ks eSxthu esa crkSj ,adj e/kq =ksgu us dbZ

ukeh&fxjkeh 'k[l ds baVjO;w fy, gSaA ;g ckuxh flQZ e/kq =ksgu dh ugha gS]cfYd gj ekspsZ ij Hkkjr dh efgyk i=kdkj reke ijs'kkfu;ka >syus ds ckn Hkh vius ekspsZ ij dk;e jgh gSa vkSj iq#"kksa ls da/ks&ls&da/ks feykdj py jgh gSaA dbZ ckj tgka mu ij lkekftd ncko gksrk gS] ogha n¶rjksa esa 'kks"k.k dh f'kdkj Hkh jgh gSaA ckotwn blds jktuhfr] vkfFkZd ekeyksa ls ysdj Qhpj [kcjksa ds fy, os iwjh rjg mUeqä mM+ku Hkjrh jgh gSaA fganh fizaV i=kdkfjrk esa ,d ckr tks vjls ls eglwl dh tkrh jgh gSa fd efgyk i=kdkj flQZ Qhpj fy[kus esa lhfer gSa] ;g Hkze fiNys dqN o"kksaZ esa nwj gqvk gSA v[kckjksa esa MsLd ij dke djus okyh efgyk i=kdkj tgka nsj jkr ;gka rd fd vk/kh jkr ds ckn Hkh iq#"kksa ds lkFk dke dj jgh gSa] ogha [kksth i=kdkfjrk ls tqM+h efgyk i=kdkj vius ne ij 30&32 fdyksehVj dk lQj taxy esa lQj djus dk ekík j[krh gSa vkSj fiz;adk nqcs bldk mnkgj.k gSaA

vrhr gS lq[kn

e/kq =ksgu

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ubZ ih<+h dks 'kk;n gh ;g tkudkjh gks fd [kksth efgyk i=kdkjksa dh lwph esa cj[kk nÙk dh eka izHkk nÙk us vius nkSj esa dbZ luluh [kst LVksjh dh Fkh vkSj ;q){ks=k ls fjiksfVaZx dj [;kfr ikbZ FkhA ogha mudh nksuksa csfV;ka cj[kk nÙk vkSj cgkj nÙk Hkh i=kdkfjrk esa gh gSaA cj[kk nÙk ds uke Hkh yhd ls gVdj dbZ dk;Z ntZ gSaA elyu xqtjkr naxs] dkjfxy ;q) ds le; j.k{ks=k ls lh/ks fjiksfVaZx] eqacbZ vkradoknh geys dh fjiksfVaZx mudh mYys[kuh; dk;ksaZ esa 'kkfey gSaA ogha] jktho xka/kh ljdkj dh dcz [kksnus okys cksQkslZ ?kksVkys ekeys dk inkZQk'k ,d efgyk i=kdkj fp=kk lqcze.;e us gh fd;k FkkA orZeku esa vkWuykbu U;wt osclkbV pykus okyh fp=kk ml oä ^n fganw* esa dke dj jgh Fkha vkSj mUgsa cksQkslZ ekeys esa rhu lkS istksa dk nLrkost gkfly gqvk FkkA ogha]

42 vkWQ bafM;k ls tqM+h jgha Fkh vkSj og igyh efgyk gSa ftUgksaus chchlh ds yksdfiz; ^'kks Dos'pu Vkbe bafM;k* dh ,adfjax dhA

;qokvksa ds gSa gkSlys cqyan vkt ds nkSj esa [kksth efgyk i=kdkjksa esa fiz;adk nqcs ,d fof'k"V uke gS vkSj mUgsa bys bafM;k if=kdk us 2014 esa vius okf"kZdh esa ns'k ds ;qok [kksth efgyk i=kdkjksa esa 'kkfey fd;k FkkA mUgksaus rgydk fganh if=kdk ds fy, VªSfQfdax vkSj Økbe ls tqM+h [kcj dh Fkh vkSj blds fy, mUgsa varjjk"Vªh; Lrj ij iqjLd`r fd;k x;kA mUgsa ykMyh ehfM;k vokWMZ ds vykok izsl dkmafly vkWQ bafM;k us [kksth i=kdkfjrk ds fy, jktk jke eksgu Js.kh dk vokWMZ fn;k x;k gSA gkykafd rgydk if=kdk ds uke vkSj Hkh dbZ ns'kh&fons'kh vokWMZ 'kkfey jgs gSaA vkt ls djhc ,d n'kd igys dbZ v[kckjksa ds Qhpj istksa esa dbZ 'kks/kijd vkSj [kksth [kcjsa Hkh izdkf'kr gqbZ Fkha vkSj blesa ls ^nSfud fganqLrku* ds fnYyh laLdj.k

cj[kk nÙk e`.kky ikaMs] ufyfu flag] royhu flag] ef.kekyk] bjk >k] vUuw vkuan] fuf/k dqyifr] Hkk"kk flag] vuqjk/kk izlkn] vydk lDlsuk] uhye 'kekZ]vatw iadt] _pk vfu#)] uxek lgj] 'osrk flag] vatuk vkse d';i] xhrkJh] ofrZdk uank ,sls uke gSa] tks efgyk i=kdkjksa dh fyLV esa ,d eqdke gkfly fd, gq, gSaA fel bafM;k thr pqdha feuh esuu us fQYe vkSj QS'ku dh pdkpkSa/k okyh nqfu;k dks NksM+ la?k"kZ dk jkLrk pqukA mUgksaus i=kdkfjrk dks viuk dfj;j cuk;k vkSj VhohvkbZ ls vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr dhA blds ckn LVkj Vhoh usVodZ ds lkFk dke fd;kA mUgksaus dbZ izksxzke dks Hkh gksLV fd;k gSA ogha e;arh ykaxj LiksV~lZ i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa ,d tkuk&igpkuk psgjk gS vkSj 2012 QhQk oYMZ di vkSj 2010 dkWeuosYFk xsEl dh ,adfjax dj mUgksaus viuh vyx igpku cukbZ gSA mUgksaus th LiksV~lZ pSuy ds lkFk dbZ ,slh LVksjh Hkh dh gS] ftls dkQh ljkgk x;k gSA D;k ikfdLrku vf/kd`r d'ehj] bZjku ekeyksa ds vykok fczVsu esa vkradh geyksa dks ysdj ,uMhVhoh dh fuf/k jktnku dh fjiksZfVax dk dksbZ Hkwy ldrk gS\ ogha] lkxfjdk ?kks"k vius dfj;j ds 'kq#vkrh nkSj esa bafM;u ,Dlizsl vkSj VkbEl

fiz;adk nqcs

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

43 f'kjhu Hkku esa xqM+xkao ds ekWy dYpj dh [kksth jiV dbZ ekeyksa esa vyx FkhA bl [kksth jiV dk fy[kus okyh oanuk oekZ uked i=kdkj Fkha] tks fQygky ,uMhVhoh MkWV dkWe esa dk;Zjr gSaA jkeukFk xks;udk ,Dlhysal vokWMZ ls lEekfur 'kksek pkS/kjh ^rgydk* tSlh if=kdk dh eSusftax ,fMVj jg pqdh gSa vkSj mUgsa lksuh lksjh ij vk/kkfjr [kcj dks ysdj eqacbZ izsl Dyc vokWMZ ls lEekfur Hkh fd;k x;kA bruk gh ugha] Lokfr vtqZu] iwtk izlkn] ;ksfxrk ;kno] dksfedk Hkkj}kt] uferk tks'kh] eatjh prqosZnh ,sls uke gSa] tks vkt Hkh vkl ca/kkrs gSa fd efgyk i=kdkjksa esa dkQh tks'k gSA bruk gh ugha] jtuh c['kh] ts HkkX;y{eh] 'khjhu Hkku] nso;kuh pkScy] ve`rk pkS/kjh] ve`rk phek] 'kSyh pksiM+k] lqus=kk pkS/kjh] fo'kk[kk nÙk] eatjh tks'kh] jatuk dkS'ky] lhek eqLrQk] dqlqe uS;j vkfn us Hkh i=kdkfjrk ds u, vk;ke x<+s gSaA gkykafd bl ekeys esa ÝaVykbu dh Vh-ds- jkty{eh] oh,uvkkbZ dh 'kksHkuk tSu] chchlh dh jfoanj ckok] vUuiw.kkZ >k] vfnfr diwj] vafcdk iafMr] vferh lsu] v#.kk flag] bfI'krk cuthZ] deythr dkSj la/kq] izhfr izdk'k] izhriky dkSj] jatuk lDlsuk vkfn us efgyk i=kdkfjrk dk u;k bfrgkl jpk gSA ogha ^[kcj ygfj;k* efgyk,a feydj fudky jgh gSaA nSfud tkxj.k dh fuf/k flag] vijkftrk] fganqLrku dh _rq ds vykok izHkkr [kcj dh n{kk] nSfud HkkLdj dh :ch tSlh ;qok i=kdkjksa esa i=kdkfjrk dk Hkfo"; Nqik gSA

Ng jkT;ksa vkSj nks dsanz 'kkflr izns'k ,sls gSa tgka ftyk Lrj ij efgykvksa dh la[;k ux.; gSA bu jkT;ksa esa vle] >kj[kaM] ukxkySaM] v#.kkpy izns'k] vksfM'kk vkSj ef.kiqj 'kkfey gSa vkSj dsanz 'kkflr jkT;ksa esa iqMqpsjh vkSj neu o nho 'kkfey gSaA ogha] vka/kz izns'k esa ftyk Lrj ij dk;Zjr efgyk i=kdkjksa vkSj laikndksa dh la[;k lcls vf/kd 107 gSA ;g lwph ns'k esa lcls mij gSA xkSjryc gS fd ;g losZ lwpuk ds vf/kdkj ds rgr izkIr lwpukvksa ds vk/kkj ij fd;k x;k FkkA ;g ckr vyx gS fd orZeku esa ns'k ds reke 'kSf{kd laLFkkuksa esa ehfM;k dkslksaZ esa v/;;u djus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa esa yM+fd;ksa dh la[;k c<+ jgh gSA tqykbZ 1979 esa fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ds lg;ksx ls izsl baLVhVîwV us ,d v/;;u esa ik;k fd enzkl vkSj gfj;k.kk ds jksgrd esa i=kdkfjrk dkslZ djus okys Nk=kksa esa vk/kh ls T;knk la[;k yM+fd;ksa dh FkhA paMhx<+ esa vk/kh la[;k Hkh mudh gh FkhA bl ekeys esa ek[kuyky prqosZnh jk"Vªh; i=kdkfjrk vkSj lapkj fo'ofo|ky;] Hkksiky ds dqyifr izksQslj c`t fd'kksj dqfB;kyk dgrs gSa fd vkt ds nkSj esa yM+fd;ka T;knk vk jgh gSa vkSj yM+ds de vk jgs gSa] ,slk ugha gSA yM+fd;ka T;knk lQy gks jgh gSaA fiNys nl o"kksaZ esa tgka dHkh nksuksa dk vuqikr yM+ds vkSj yM+fd;ksa dk vuqikr 80 vkSj 20 dk Fkk] ogha ;g vkadM+k 40 vkSj 60 dk gks x;k gSA lkFk gh fizaV i=kdkfjrk ds fy, fo|kFkhZ dkQh de vk jgs gSaA bl vksj #>ku de gqvk gSA izks- dqfB;kyk ds vuqlkj] ,d oä Fkk tc gj cPpk ;g lksprk Fkk

gkykr vHkh Hkh lgh ugha rhu o"kZ igys vfuy pefM+;k ds funsZ'ku esa ehfM;k LVMht xzqi us ns'k ds 250 ls T;knk ftyksa esa LFkkuh; i=kdkjksa esa efgykvksa dh rknkn dh tkudkjh gkfly dh FkhA v/;;u esa ik;k x;k fd efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh flQZ 2-7 izfr'kr FkhA muesa Hkh eq[;/kkjk ds lekpkj i=kksa vkSj pSuyksa esa rknkn csgn de FkhA buesa

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

fuf/k jktnku

44 fd og dSejs ds lkeus vk, vkSj mldk psgjk Vhoh ij fn[ks ysfdu vc ,slk ugha gSA vc cPpksa dks irk gS fd dSejs ds lkeus ,d dke gS vkSj blds ihNs nwljk dkeA orZeku esa yM+ds de ugha vk jgs cfYd yM+fd;ka T;knk vk jgh gS a A euksfoKku dk 'kks/k dgrk gS fd yM+ f d;ks a es a jpukRedrk dk iqV vf/kd gksrk gSA

dkQh gS la?k"kZ fga n q L rku dh ofj"B i=kdkj jkoh f}osnh us vius dfj;j dh 'kq#vkr nSfud tkxj.k dkuiqj ls dh FkhA pwafd mudk ljksdkj i=kdkjksa ds ifjokj ls Fkk] ,sls esa tkfgj gS fd mUgsa irk Fkk fd i=kdkj n¶rj dk ekgkSy dSlk gksrk gSA gkykafd jkr dh ikfy;ksa esa dke djus ds fy, mUgsa fyf[kr rkSj ij laiknd dks i=k fy[kdj nsuk iM+k fd og jkr dh ikfy;ksa esa dke djsaxhA gkykafd bl ekeys dks dkQh xaHkhjrk ls fy;k x;k vkSj mu ij ncko Mkyk x;kA ysfdu jkoh vius edln esa dke;kc jgha vkSj 1998 ls yxkrkj jkr dh ikfy;ksa esa dke dj jgh gSaA fganqLrku v[kckj ds jk"Vªh; laLdj.k ds fnYyh n¶rj esa gkykafd muds lkFk dbZ efgyk lg;ksxh vc dke djrh gSaA bl ekeys esa fganqLrku izca/ku Hkh efgyk deZpkfj;ksa dh fnDdrksa dks le>rk gS vkSj izca/ku us efgyk i=kdkjksa dks gj rjg dh leL;k ls cpkus ds fy, efgyk foax Hkh cuk j[kk gSA gkykafd lHkh laLFkkuksa esa ,slh ckr ugha gSA i=kdkfjrk gYds esa ,d dgkuh djhc nks&rhu o"kZ igys lquh xbZ Fkh fd tc ,d jk"Vªh; laLFkku ds uks,Mk dk;kZy; esa ,d ;qok efgyk fjiksVZj us C;wjh phQ ds }kjk ;kSu 'kks"k.k fd, tkus dk vkjksi yxk;k rks igys rks C;wjks phQ dks tcjnLrh Nqêh ij Hkstk x;k vkSj efgyk i=kdkj ij vkjksi okil ysus dk ncko Mkyk x;kA gkykafd ckn esa laLFkku us cnukeh ds Mj ls ml C;wjks phQ dh iwjh rjg Nqêh dj nh vkSj ckn esa ml ;qok i=kdkj dks Hkh ckgj dk jkLrk fn[kk;k x;kA efgyk i=kdkjksa dh fLFkfr vkSj fjiksfVaZx esa gksus okys ijs'kkuh dks

'kksek pkS/kjh ysdj ,uMhVhoh dh i=kdkj oanuk oekZ xqM+xkao dh fjiksVZ dks ysdj crkrh gSa fd ml le; xqM+xkao fLFkr lgkjk ekWy esa nsj jkr yM+fd;ksa ds vkRegR;k dh dbZ ?kVuk,a ?kV pqdh FkhaA eq>s dk;kZy; dh vksj ls dksbZ lqj{kk eqgS;k ugha djkbZ xbZ FkhA eSa vius QksVksxzkQj lkFkh vatfy flUgk vkSj fo'kky Bkdqj ds lkFk jkr ds Ms<+ cts ogka dh fjiksfVaZx ds fy, xbZ FkhA ogka igqapus ij gekjs ihNs nks xqaMs Hkh yx x, Fks vkSj ckn esa cM+h eqf'dy ls nksuksa ls ihNk NqM+k;k FkkA ysfdu gesa dqN djuk Fkk] blfy, geus bldh fjiksfVaZx dh FkhA oanuk crkrh gSa fd vHkh Hkh fjiksfVaZx ds fy, efgyk i=kdkjksa dks fjLd ysuk iM+rk gS vkSj fnYyh ds [kjkc ekgkSy ds dkj.k muds ifjokj ds yksxksa ds vykok laLFkku dk fpafrr gksuk ykfteh gSA cgjgky] ns'k dh efgyk i=kdkjksa dk vrhr vkSj orZeku lqugjk gSA fiNys dbZ n'kdksa ls f?kjh mudh leL;k,a /khjs&/khjs [kRe gks jgh gSaA dkWjiksjsV dYpj us iq#"k vkSj efgyk ds chp dh [kkbZ dkQh de dh gSA dkWjiksjsV vc laikndh; ij gkoh gks jgk gS vkSj laiknd izca/ku ds lkFk dne&rky feykdj dke dj jgs gSa vkSj tkfgj lh ckr gS fd i=kdkjksa ds tgka osru c<+s gSa] ogha efgyk i=kdkjksa dh lqj{kk dks ysdj Hkh reke rjg ds mik; ykxw fd, tk jgs gSaA ys[kd nSfud fganqLrku ds fnYyh laLdj.k esa eq[; milaiknd gSaA eksckby ua- 09911364316

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

45

vkoj.k dFkk-4 lat; f}osnh

;gka fn[k jgk gS fdl L=kh dk psgjk vLlh ds n'kd esa nqiês dks ijpe dh rjg ygjkrh ih<+h vk;h] fQj uCcs dk n'kd fcduh dk vk;k vkSj vc lkjh gnsa ikj dj pqdh gekjh fQYeksa rFkk ehfM;k ,d ,sls nsg jkx esa Mwcs gSa tgka lsDl ,drjQk foe'kZ vkSj fofue; ij vkeknk gSA mlds dsanz esa Hkkjrh; L=kh gS vkSj mís'; mldh 'kqfprk dk migj.kA ,d jk"Vªh; lkIrkfgd dk 18 es jsfnlalkeus cj] 2013 dk vad gSA ftldh vkoj.k dFkk ,d lsDl losZ ij vk/kkfjr gS vkSj mldk 'kh"kZd gS& ^efgykvksa dk eu ekaxs eksj*A ,d eq[;/kkjk dh lekpkj if=kdk esa izdkf'kr ;g vkoj.k dFkk crkrh gS fd vkf[kj L=kh dh rjQ ns[kus dh ehfM;k dh n`f"V D;k gSA vkSjr dh nsg bl le; ehfM;k dk lcls yksdfiz; foe'kZ gSA lsDl vkSj ehfM;k ds leUo; ls tks vFkZ'kkL=k curk gS] mlus lkjs ewY;ksa dks 'kh"kkZlu djok fn;k gSA fQYeksa] baVjusV] eksckby] Vhoh pSuyksa ls vkxs vc og eqfnzr ek/;eksa ij iljk iM+k gSA ehfM;k us mnkjhdj.k ds ckn cktkj esa ,dne ubZ vkSjr mrkj nh gS] tks vkRefo'okl ls Hkjh gS vkSj reke oftZr {ks=kksa esa viuh ekStwnxh ntZ djkus ds fy, mRlqd gSA bl lcds chp ehfM;k dh dqN ldkjkRed Hkwfedk Hkh gS tks js[kkafdr dh tkuh pkfg,A vkSjr dh ,d ubZ igpku cukus vkSj LFkkfir djus esa mlus ,d cM+h Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ gSA lkSan;Z ,oa vkd"kZ.k ls brj ,d egRokdka{kh vkSj deZB Nfo cukus esa enn dh gSA efgyk vf/kdkj vkSj Lora=krk ds lkFk&lkFk ifjokj ds vanj og ,d fu.kkZ;d Hkwfedk esa utj vk jgh gSA efgyk m|ferk ds lkFk&lkFk lekt esa efgykvksa ds la?k"kZ dks Hkh ehfM;k us Loj fn;k gSA fdarq dqN ldkjkRed i{kksa ds lkFk mldk efgyk dks ,d lsDl vkCtsDV ds :i esa is'k djus dk joS;k lcls [krjukd gS] tks mlds lHkh iq.;deksaZ ij ikuh Qsj nsrk gSA

nSfgd foe'kksaZ dk okgd% fizaV ehfM;k tks igys vius nSfgd foe'kksaZ ds fy, ^Iysck;*

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

;k ^Mscksfu;j* rd lhfer Fkk vc nSfud v[kckjksa ls ysdj gj i=k&if=kdk esa viuh txg cuk pqdk gSA v[kckjksa esa XySej oYMZ ds dkWye gh ugha [kcjksa ds i`"Bksa ij Hkh yxHkx fuoZlu fo"kdU;kvksa dk dSVokx [kklh txg ?ksjk jgk gSA og iwjk gYykcksy 24 ?kaVs ds pSuyksa ds dksykgy vkSj lqcg ds v[kckjksa ds ek/;e ls nSfud gksdj ftanxh esa ,d [kkl txg cuk pqdk gSA 'kk;n blhfy, baVjusV ds ek/;e ls pyus okyk Xykscy lsDl cktkj djhc 60 vjc MkWyj rd tk igqapk gSA eksckby ds u, iz;ksxksa us bl dkjksckj dks 'kfä nh gSA ,d vkadM+s ds eqrkfcd eksckby ij v'yhyrk dk dkjksckj Hkh ikap lkyksa esa 5 vjc MkWyj rd tk igqapsxkA bl iwjs okrkoj.k dks bysDVªkfud Vhoh pSuyksa us vk¡/kh esa cny fn;k gSA fizaV ehfM;k vc blls gksM+ ys jgk gSA baVjusV us lgh :i esa vius O;kid ykHkksa ds ckotwn lcls T;knk Qk;nk lsDl dkjksckj dks igq¡pk;kA iwath dh rkdrsa lsDlq,fyVh dks ikjn'khZ cukus esa tqVh gSA ehfM;k blesa mudk lg;ksxh cuk gS] v'yhyrk vkSj lsDl ds dkjksckj dks ehfM;k fdl rjg Xykscy cuk jgk gS

46 bldk mnkgj.k fo'o di QqVcky esa ns[kus dks feykA ehfM;k fjiksVZ ls gh gesa irk pyk fd teZuh ds reke os';ky; blds fy, rS;kj Fks vkSj nqfu;k Hkj ls os';k,a ogk¡ igqaphaA dqN foKkiu fo'o di ds bl iwjs mRlkg dks bl rjg O;ä djrs Fks ^eSp ds fy, ugha] ekSt ds fy, vkb,*A tkfgj gS ehfM;k us gj ekeys dks Xykscy cuk fn;k gSA gekjs ^xksiu foe'kksaZ* dks ^vksiu* djus esa ehfM;k dk ,d [kkl jksy gSA 'kk;n blhfy, ehfM;k ds da/kksa ij lokj ;g lsDl dkjksckj rsth ls Xykscy gks jgk gSA egkuxjksa esa yksxksa dh lsDl gSfcV~l dks ysdj Hkh eqfnzr ek/;eksa esa losZ{k.k Nkius dh gksM+ gSA os Nkirs gSa 80 izfr'kr efgyk,a 'kknh ds iwoZ lsDl ds fy, lger gSaA njvly ;g Nkik x;k lcls cM+k >wB gSaA ;s i=k&if=kdkvksa ds O;kikj vkSj iwath xkaBus dk ,d ukikd xBtksM+ vkSj ra=k gSA

cktkj dh ck/kk,a gVk jgk gS ehfM;k% lsDl dks ckj&ckj doj LVksjh dk fo"k; cukdj ;s mls jkstejkZ dh pht cuk nsuk pkgrs gSaA bl "kM~;a=k esa 'kkfey ehfM;k cktkj dh ck/kk,a gVk jgk gSA fQYeksa dh tks xanxh dgh tkrh Fkh og 'kk;n mruk uqdlku u dj ik, tSlk /keky bu fnuksa eqfnzr ek/;e epk jgs gSaA dkeksÙkstd okrkoj.k dks cukus vkSj cspus dh ;g gksM+ de gksrh ugha fn[krhA ehfM;k dk gj ek/;e ,d&nwljs ls vkxs fudyus dh gksM+ esa gSA ;g gksM+ gS uaxbZ dhA mldk foe'kZ gS& nsg ^tgj*] ^eMZj*] ^dfy;qx*] ^xSxLVj*] ^[okfg'k*] ^ftLe*] ^xksfy;ksa dh jklyhyk* tSlh reke fQYeksa us cktkj esa ,d ubZ fganqLrkuh vkSjr mrkj nh gSA ftls ns[kdj lekt peRd`r gSA diM+s mrkjus ij vkeknk bl L=kh ds n'kZu ds n'kZu us ehfM;k izca/kdksa ds vkRefo'okl dks fgykdj j[k fn;k gSA ,M~l dh chekjh us iwath ds rkdrksa ds y{; la/kku dks vkSj vklku dj fn;k gSA vc loky fj'rksa dh 'kqfprk dk ugha] fo'okl dk ugha] lkFkh ls oQknkjh dk ugha& daMkse dk MSA daMkse us vlqjf{kr ;kSu ds [krjs dks ,d ,sls [krjukd foe'kZ esa cny fn;k gS] tgk¡ O;olkf;drk dh gnsa 'kq: gks tkrh gSA ofj"B i=kdkj uohu tks'kh dgrs gSa fd& ßvkt Hkh i=kdkfjrk esa efgykvksa dk izfr'kr Hkys c<+ x;k gks fdarq efgyk eqíksa ds izfr laosnuk dh cgqr deh gSA vf/kdka'k efgyk,a iq#"k ekufldrk ls Hkjh gqbZ gSa] vkSj ,slh efgykvksa ds laosnuk dk Lrj vf/kd tkx:d ugha gSAÞ1 vLlh ds n'kd esa nqiês dks ijpe dh rjg ygjkrh ih<+h vk;h] fQj uCcs dk n'kd fcduh dk vk;k vkSj vc lkjh gnsa ikj dj pqdh gekjh fQYeksa rFkk ehfM;k ,d ,sls nsg jkx esa Mwcs gSa tgka lsDl ,drjQk foe'kZ vkSj fofue; ij vkeknk gSA mlds dsanz esa

Hkkjrh; L=kh gS vkSj mís'; mldh 'kqfprk dk migj.kA lsDl lkaLd`frd fofue; dh igyh lh<+h gSA 'kk;n blhfy, tc dksbZ Hkh geykoj fdlh Hkh tkrh; vfLerk ij geyk cksyrk gS rks fu'kkus ij lcls igys mldh vkSjrsa gksrh gSaA ;g cktkjokn vc Hkkjrh; vfLerk ds vigj.k esa yxk gS& fu'kkuk Hkkjrh; vkSjrsa gSaA Hkkjrh; L=kh ds lkSan;Z ij fo'o dk vpkud eqX/k gks tkuk] ns'k esa fel ;quholZ] fel oYMZ dh drkj yx tkuk&[krjs dk ladsrd gh FkkA ge ml "kM+;a=k dks Hkkai ugha ik,A vejhdh cktkj dk ;g v'oes?k] fnfXot; djrk gqvk gekjh vfLerk dk vigj.k dj ys x;kA ^,yfQu* dh laiknd js[kk ruohj dgrh gSa fd ßvkt vkSjr dk XySejl fgLlk cgqr c<+k&p<+kdj izLrqr fd;k tkrk gSA---vkSjr dks vlyh :i esa izLrqr djuk vHkh ckdh gS ftlls mldh igpku cusAÞ2 i=kdkj dqedqe 'kekZ Hkh bl ckr ls ,d lk{kkRdkj esa lgefr fn[kkrh gSa& os dgrh gSa& ßehfM;k vkt L=kh dh Nfo dks cgqr fod`r djds ijksl jgk gSA mudh igpku L=kh nsg ds ukrs cu jgh gSA vkSjrsa yxkrkj le>kSrs dj jgh gSa vkSj vius vkidks igpku ugha ik jgh gSaAÞ3 bfrgkl dh bl ?kM+h esa gekjs ikl lkbcj dSQs gSa] tks bysDVªkWfud pdyk?kjksa esa cny jgs gSaA gekjs csVs&csfV;ksa ds lkbcj ÝsaM ls v'yhy ppkZvksa esa e'kxwy gSaA daMkse ds jkLrs xqtj dj vkrk gqvk izse gSA vc lqanjrk ifj/kkuksa esa ugha ugha mUgsa mrkjus esa gSA dqN lky igys L=kh dks lcds lkeus Nwrs gkFk dkairs Fks vc mls pwesa fcuk ckr ugha curhA dSVokd djrs diM+s fxjs gksa] ;k dSejksa esa ntZ pqacu fØ;k,a] ;s dyad ifCyflVh ds dke vkrs gSaA ykaNu vc bl nkSj esa miyfC/k;ksa esa cny jgs gSaA ^Hkksxks vkSj eqä gks]* ;gh bl ;qx dk lR; gSA dSls lqanj fn[ksa vkSj dSls ^enZ* dh vka[k dk vkd"kZ.k cusa ;gh ifgyk i=kdkfjrk dk ewy foe'kZ gSA thou 'kSyh vc ^ykbQ LVkby* esa cny x;k gSA cktkjokn ds eq[; gfFk;kj ^foKkiu* vc u,&u, :i /kjdj gesa yqHkk jgs gSaA uXurk gh L=kh Lokra=; dk i;kZ; cu x;h gSA esxk ekYl] Å¡ph Å¡ph bekjrsa] fMtkbuj diM+ksa ds fo'kky 'kks:e] jkrHkj pyus okyh eknd ikfVZ;ka vkSj cfYy;ksa mNyrk u'khyk mRlkgA bl iwjs ifjn`'; dks vius u, lkSan;Zcks/k ls ijkslrk] mxyrk ehfM;k ,d ,slh nqfu;k jp jgk gS tgk¡ ct jgk gS flQZ nsgjkx] nsgjkx vkSj nsgjkxA bl lewps ifjn`'; dks ge HkkSapd gksdj ns[k jgs gSaA ysf[kdk vkSj miU;kldkj t;k tknokuh fy[krh gSa& ßdkSu lh vkSjr [kM+h gS bl LØhu ij og tks vkbVe xyZ gS] NksVs diM+s igurh gS] cM+s&cM+s ilZ]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

gkbZghy ds 'kw igurh gSA ,d&,d yk[k dk eky 'kjhj ij---?kj cukrh ugha] rksM+rh gS--A oSlS ?kjksa dk tks gky gS] VwV gh tkus pkfg,A---fL=k;ksa dh ehfM;k esa lkspuh; Hkwfedk ds fy, flQZ ehfM;k gh ftEesnkj gS D;k\ [kqn L=kh\ bl reke psgjksa esa mldk vlyh psgjk dkSu lk gS\ dc vk,xh og eq[kkSVksa ds ihNs ls vius okLrfod :i esa\Þ4

u gks vkSjr dh 'kfä dk cktkjhdj.k% bu reke ladVksa ds chp Hkh L=kh vkt ds le; esa og ?kj vkSj ckgj nksuksa LFkkuksa visf{kr vknj izkIr dj jgh gSA og lekt dks u, utfj;s ls ns[k jgh gSA mldk vkdyu dj jgh gS vkSj vius fy, fujarj u, f{kfrt [kksy jgh gSA ,slh lkeZF;'kkyh L=kh dks f'k[kj Nwus ds volj nsus ds ctk, ge mls cktkj ds tky esa Qalk jgs gSaA og viuh futrk vkSj lkSan;Zcks/k ds lkFk thus dh fLFkfr;ka vkSj vknj lekt thou esa izkIr dj lds gesa bldk iz;kl djuk pkfg,A gekjs lekt esa fL=k;ksa ds izfr /kkj.kk fujarj cny jgh gSA og u,&u, lksikuksa dk Li'kZ dj jgh gSA ekrk&firk dh lksp Hkh cny jgh gS os viuh cfPp;ksa ds csgrj fodkl ds fy, reke tru dj jgs gSaA L=kh lgh ek;us esa bl nkSj esa T;knk 'kfä'kkyh gksdj mHkjh gSA fdarq cktkj gj txg f'kdkj ryk'k gh ysrk gSA og vkS j r dh 'kfä dk cktkjhdj.k djuk pkgrk gSA gesa ns[kuk gksxk fd Hkkjrh; L=kh ij eqX/k cktkj mldh 'kfä rks cus fdarq mldk 'kks"k.k u dj ldsA vkt esa ehfM;ke; vkSj foKkiuh cktkj esa vkSjr ds fy, gj dne ij [krjs gSaA iy&iy ij mlds fy, cktkj lts gSaA nsg ds Hkh] :i ds Hkh] izfrHkk ds Hkh] dyad ds HkhA gn rks ;g fd dyad Hkh ifCyflVh ds dke vk jgs gSaA D;ksafd ;g le; dg jgk gS fd nkx vPNs gSaA cktkj blh rjg ls gesa fj>k jgk gS vkSj cksyh yxk jgk gSA gesa bl le; ls cprs gq, blds csgrj izHkkoksa dks xzg.k djuk gSA iz[;kr vkykspd fot;cgknqj flag fy[krs gSa fd& ßblesa lansg ugha fd ehfM;k us L=kh ds fy, laHkkoukvksa ds lSdM+ksa xok{k [kksy fn, gSaA ;s ftrus :igys vkSj pedhys gSa] mrus gh vkReLe`frewyd

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¼;kuh fd vius dks igpkuus dh lqfo/kk iznku djus okys½ vkSj vkRefu[kkj ds ekSds nsus okys HkhA ge vxj mls flQZ cktkj eku ysa] rc Hkh ,d ;g xqatkb'k cph gh jgrh gS fd ge ogka ,d izfrLi/khZ mifLFkfr ds fy, Lok/khurk ds lkFk la?k"kZjr jgsaA xk;u] u`R;] vfHku;] dyk&dkS'ky dh vU; Hkwfedkvksa esa ehfM;k us L=kh ds fy, yxHkx ;qxkUrj gh mifLFkr dj fn;k gSAÞ5 ehfM;k ds bl mtys i{k dh O;kid mifLFkfr Hkh fn[krh gSA Vhoh ek/;e ds foLrkj us ;qofr;ksa vkSj efgykvksa dks ,d ubZ 'kfä nh gSA U;wt :e tks fizaV ehfM;k dh 'kkga'kkgh esa iq#"kksa ls Hkjs Fks] vc Vhoh ehfM;k nkSj esa U;wt :e vkSjrksa dh mifLFkfr ls gh ubZ igpku vftZr dj jgs gSaA Vhoh ij fn[kus ds vykok mlds ihNs Hkh fL=k;ksa dh ,d cM+h 'kfä gh dke dj jgh gSA euksjatu txr esa ,drk diwj tSls reke mnkgj.k fn[krs gSa rks U;wt ehfM;k esa vuqjk/kk izlkn tSlh gfLr;ka Hkh gSa] tks Lo;a dbZ pSuyksa vkSj jsfM;ks

LVs'kuksa dh ekyfdu gSaA ckotwn blds ehfM;k dh rjQ ns[kus dh n`f"V D;k gS bldk mYys[k djrs gq, fot;cgknqj flag fy[krs gSa fd ßvkSlr fuEu e/;oxhZ; vkSj dHkh&dHkh e/;oxhZ; fnekx Hkh ;g lkspk djrk gS fd ehfM;k fL=k;ksa ds fy, ,d lafnX/k vkSj [krjukd {ks=k gSA ,sls fe=kksa ls ;g dguk t:jh gS f'k{kk vkSj ukSdj'kkgh ds {ks=k esa ;s viokn igys ls tkjh gSA fQj L=kh vc [kqn igys dh rqyuk esa vf/kd Lora=krkfiz; vkSj vkRefo'oklh gq;h gSAÞ ogha iz[;kr ysf[kdk Mk- dey dqekj dk dguk gS fd* ßlsDl dh mUeqä vfHkO;fä] L=kh 'kjhj ds uXu izn'kZu dh o`f)A baVjusV] fMftVy VsDukykth] eksckby] dSejk] ohfM;ks ij iksuksZxzkQh dk leFkZu ij fgalk ugha rks D;k gS \----Hkksx foykl vkSj lq[k lqfo/kk dks thou dk y{; cuk nsuk] lwpukvksa dks lÙkk cuk nsuk vkSj

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cktkj dks lekt cuk ysus dk dke ehfM;k dj jgk gSAÞ blesa nks jk; ugha dh ubZ cktkjoknh O;oLFkk ls izsfjr ehfM;k us vkSjr dh cksyh yxkuh 'kq: dh gS] mlds Hkko c<+s gSaA lkSan;Z ds cktkj dne&dne ij lt x, gSa] ysfdu cktkj dk ;g vkea=k.k] ehfM;k ds vkea=k.k tSlk ugha gSA nksuksa txgksa ij mldh pqukSfr;ka vyx gSaA lkSan;Z ds cktkj esa L=kh fojks/kh ijaijk,a vkSj uktqdrk :i cnydj fcd jgh gS] ysfdu ehfM;k ds eap ij L=kh dk vkea=k.k muds nkf;Rocks/k] usr`Ro{kerk vkSj n{krk dk vkea=k.k Hkh gSA ftl Hkh uh;r ls gks] ;g vkea=k.k lkFkZd cnyko dh mEehn txkrk gSA Hkkjrh; L=kh us bl vkea=k.k dks Lohdkjk gS Hkkjrh; ehfM;k dk psgjk&eksgjk cnydj j[k fn;k gSA ehfM;k esa Hkh vc os vius f[kykQ gks jgs vR;kpkj ds fo:) Hkh [kM+h gks jgh gSa ¼izlax% r#.k rstiky½A rc egkekuo xkSre cq) }kjk <kbZ gtkj lky igys dgh xbZ ;g mfä ds ^L=kh gksuk gh nq%[k gS* 'kk;n vizklafxd gks tk, vkSj fQj 'kk;n fdlh ikesayk cksfMZl dks ;g dgus dh t:jr u iM+s fd ^;g lekt vc Hkh feêh&xkjs dh cuh >qXxh esa jgrk gSA* 1990 ds ckn vkbZ HkweaMyhdj.k vkSj mnkjhdj.k dh vka/kh us lgh ek;us esa Hkkjrh; lekt dks lc {ks=kksa esa izHkkfor fd;k gSA ehfM;k esa izos'k dj vkbZ fons'kh iwath us gekjs ehfM;k dks Hkh izHkkfor fd;kA ftls gekjs le; ds Js"B laiknd izHkk"k tks'kh dHkh xqLls ;k {kksHk ls vkokjk iwath Hkh dgrs jgsA Hkkjrh; ehfM;k ds bl loZO;kih vkSj loZxzklh izHkko dh vksj lekt HkkSapd gksdj ns[k jgk gSA blds O;kid mBk jgs Hkkjrh; ehfM;k esa vkRekykspu dh izo`fÙk ds ckotwn og lgh vkSj ljksdkjh fodYiksa dh vksj ns[k ugha ik jgk gSA 'kk;n blhfy, ehfM;k izk/;kid ehrk mTtSu dks yxrk gS fd ehfM;k esa L=kh dh psgjk gS mlds eqís ughaA vius ys[k esa os fy[krh gSa& ß90 dk n'kd mnkjhdj.k vkSj HkweaMyhdj.k dh vka/kh ds chp ,d ubZ pqukSrh ysdj vk;kA tgka cktkj us Hkkjr vkSj bafM;k dh foHkktu js[kk dks vkSj xgjk dj fn;kA ogha nwljh vksj efgykvksa dks laHkkoukvksa dk u;k vkdk'k iznku fd;kA ;g nkSj Fkk Hkkjr ls fo'olqanfj;ka fudyus dk] ftlesa gj {ks=k esa vkSjrsa viuh nenkj mifLFkfr ntZ djk jgh FkhaA blesa mudk vkRefo'okl vkSj vkRefuHkZjrk nksuksa c<+rs fn[k jgs FksA--mnkjhdj.k us tgka efgykvksa ds fy, u, volj fn, ogha muds 8 'kks"k.k ds jkLrs Hkh [kksy fn,AÞ mnkjhdj.k ds vlj us tgka ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dh HkkSfrd ekStwnxh dks c<+k fn;k ogha ns[ksa rks muds 'kks"k.k ds vusd jkLrs Hkh [kksy fn,A bl ckr dk v/;;u

fd;k tkuk 'ks"k gS fd mnkjhdj.k dh bl vka/kh ds ckn vkSjrksa ds f[kykQ tqYe c<+s gSa ;k de gq, gSaA muds izfr vijk/k 'kgjksa Hkh iui jgs gSaA eqacbZ&fnYyh tSlS 'kgj Hkh vkSjrksa ds f[kykQ tqYe <krs utj vk jgs gSaA lkewfgd cykRdkj] L=kh ds izfr fgalk dh [kcjksa ls lekpkj ek/;e iVs iM+s gSaA ehrk fy[krh gSa& ßbu lkjh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa ,d u;k iz'u [kM+k gqvk gS fd efgyk ;k mlls tqM+s eqíksa dh txg ehfM;k esa dgka gS] fdl ist ij gSA ehfM;k efgykvksa ds psgjksa 9 ls lq'kksfHkr gS] exj efgyk eqíksa ls eqag pqjkrk gSAÞ lewpk ifjn`'; crkrk gS fd eq[;/kkjk ds ehfM;k esa L=kh ds loky ml rjg ls LFkkfir ugha gks lds gSa ftl ifjek.k esa L=kh 'kfä dk izdVhdj.k gqvk gSA mlds iwjs pfj=k esa vkt Hkh ,d vlarqyu gSA ;g ,d ehfM;k dh ukdkeh gh gS] ftl ij mls fujarj vkRekykspu dh t:jr gSA 1949 esa fleksu n cksoqvkj us viuh fdrkc ^n lsdaM lsDl* esa LFkkiuk nh Fkh fd ßvkSjr iSnk ugha gksrh cfYd cukbZ tkrh gSAÞ mudh ckr vkt Hkh izklafxd gS D;ksafd gekjs reke HkkSfrd fodkl ds ckotwn ge ekufld vkSj lkekftd Lrj ij L=kh dks og txg ugha ns ik, gSa ftldh og gdnkj gSA ehfM;k Hkh blls eqä ugha gS D;ksafd og Hkh blh lkekftd O;oLFkk ls [kkn&ikuh ihdj curk vkSj izHkkoh gksrk gSA lanHkZ 1- 'kqDyk lq/kk% efgyk i=kdkfjrk] izdk'kd% izHkkr izdk'ku] fnYyh] i`"B&217 2- ogh] i`"B&222 3- ogh]i`"B&240 4- tknokuh t;k% dkSu gks rqe ifrr ikou iwT;k\ ehfM;k foe'kZ ¼=kSekfld½ vDVwcj&fnlacj] 2009 Hkksiky] i`"B%19 5- flag fot;cgknqj% ,d ;qxkarj gS ehfM;k L=kh ds fy,% ehfM;k foe'kZ ¼=kSekfld½ vDVwcj&fnlacj] 2009 Hkksiky] i`"B%14 6- ogh 7- dqekj dey% L=kh dh cgqrsjh Nfo;k% ehfM;k foe'kZ ¼=kSekfld½ vDVwcj&fnlacj] 2009 Hkksiky] i`"B%10 8- mTtSu ehrk% ;gka L=kh dk psgjk gS] mlds loky ugh% ehfM;k foe'kZ ¼=kSekfld½] vizSy&twu] 2012] i`"B% 90 9- ogh ys[kd ek[kuyky prqosZnh jk"Vªh; i=kdkfjrk ,oa lapkj fo'ofo|ky;] Hkksiky esa tulapkj foHkkx ds v/;{k gSa rFkk ehfM;k foe'kZ if=kdk ds dk;Zdkjh laiknd gSaA bZ&esy& 123dwivedi@gmail.com] eks- 9893598888

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vkoj.k dFkk-5 lfork flag

;gk¡ os jp jgha gSa u;k bfrgkl 21oha lnh esa ehfM;k dk izHkko bruk gS fd ;g 'kfDr dk dsanz cu x;k vkSj bldh 'kfDr fujarj c<+rh tk jgh gSA vc fizaV ehfM;k ds ckn bysDVªWkfud ehfM;k us muds laiw.kZ thou ds ifjn`'; gh cny fn, gSaA lqcg ls ysdj jkr rd dh fnup;kZ vc buds ek/;e ls fu/kkZfjr gksrh gSA ehfM;k] lkfgR;] dyk] lkSan;Z] laLd`fr vkSj L=kh dh vud Nfo;k¡ izLrqr djrs gSaA ;g dkykuqlkj ifjofrZr gksrk jgrk gSA vkt iz'u gS fd L=kh gksus dk vFkZ D;k gS\ gSa rks t cvk/kqgefudehfM;k;qx dgrs dk i;kZ; cu tkrk gSA vkfn ;qx esa Hkh phtas Fkh ijarq vkt tSlh ughaA :i cnyk] 'kCn cnys thou dk cnyuk LokHkkfod gks x;kA ,sls esa efgykvksa us D;k ifjorZu fd;k rks Hkh vius thou ds fy, bls tkuuk rHkh laHko gksxk tc ge mUgsa muds Lrj ij tkusA izkjaHk esa lekpkj vFkok lans'k izlkj.k ds ek/;e ls nwjHkk"k] rkj] lekpkj i=k] if=kdk,¡] jsfM;ks] Vh-oh-] flusek bR;kfnA bUgha lHkh 'kCnksa dks ,d lkFk vaxzsth esa ;fn ehfM;k dgk tk, rks xyr u gksxkA blh Øe esa lapkj ra=k us bysDVªkWfud vkSj varfj{k foKku ds ;qx esa izos'k fd;k rFkk blds O;kid rFkk fojkV ifjos'k us bls uke fn;k eYVhehfM;k dkA vc rks ;s daI;wVj ls tqMdj oSf'od Lrj ij igq¡p x;k gSA bDdhloha lnh esa rks ehfM;k dk izHkko bruk c<+k gS fd ;g 'kfDr dk dsUnz cu x;k gS vkSj bldh 'kfDr fujarj c<+rh tk jgh gS] vc fizaV ehfM;k ds ckn bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k us muds laiw.kZ thou ds ifjn`'; gh cny fn, gSaA ge lHkh dh lqcg ls ysdj jkr rd dh fnup;kZ vc buds ek/;e ls fu/kkZfjr gq;h gSaA lqcg mBdj v[kckj] fQj jsfM;ks] fQj Vsyhfotu baVjusV ,oa eksckby bu lHkh ds bnZ&fxnZ gekjk thou ?kwerk jgrk gSA vkt dsoy efgyk,a ?kj ds dkeksa esa gh ugha] oju lHkh {ks=kksa esa dk;Zjr gSaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ehfM;k] lkfgR;] dyk] lkSan;Z] laLd`fr vkSj L=kh dh vud Nfo;k¡ izLrqr djrk gSA ;g dkykuqlkj ifjofrZr gksrk jgrk gSA vkt ewy iz'u gS fd L=kh gksus dk vFkZ D;k gS\ tc ge ehfM;k dks efgykvksa ds fy, ,d jkstxkj eku cSBrs gSa rks iz'u ;g Hkh mBrk gS fd mls fdl :i esa ns[krk gS\ iz'u mBrk gS fd efM;k mls fdl ehfM;k L=kh dh cgqvk;keh] O;kid] fofo/k :ih Nfo dks ftl ladh.kZ vFkZ esa ifjlhfer dj jgk gS og rks jkstxkj dh ifjHkk"kk ugha gks ldrhA ;g ;qx vfLrRo ds cks/k dk ;qx ukfj;ksa ds fy, gS ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt f'kf{kr&izf'kf{kr] Lora=k lksp okyh ukfj;k¡ ehfM;k dh cktkjoknh laLd`fr Vh-oh- ds ek/;e ls gekjs ?kjks esa ?kql vkbZ gSaA bruk gh ugha rks vkt varjjk"Vªh; cktkjokn dk ;qx gS\ ,sls esa cktkj dsoy viuk equkQk ns[krk gS rks Hkyk ukfj;ksa ds jkstxkj dk D;k\ jkstxkj dbZ izdkj ds gksrs gSa& fQYeksa esa dgkuh

50

fy[kdj jkstxkj ikuk] vfHku; djds jkstxkj ikuk] xkuk xkdj jkstxkj ikuk tqM+s gSa ysfdu cktkjoknh laLd`fr fMLikstscy laLd`fr gSA blesa vkSjr dh nsg cuus dk vFkZ cM+k Hk;kud izrhr gksrk gSA ehfM;k] v[kckj] i=k&if=kdk,¡] Vh-oh- lhfj;y vkSj dk;ZØe] fQYeksa es lcls vf/kd foKkiuksa esa L=kh Nfo ns[kus dks feyrh gaS rks D;k ;g efgyk ehfM;k jkstxkj gS\ bls izxfr dgk tk, ;k le; dh ek¡x\ bl ij fopkj fd;k tkuk pkfg,A vkt efgyk,¡ lHkh {ks=kksa esa fofo/k Lrjksa ij dk;Zjr gSaA ?kj&ifjokj esa Lokoyach Lok;Ùk vkSjr dh Hkwfedk cnyh gS D;k\ D;k ehfM;k vkt lekt ds fy, u;s lehdj.k ds :i esa cktkj gsrq ukjh foKkiu rS;kj dj jgk gS vkSj ukjh Nfo dks cktkj ds lkFk&lkFk fo'o Lrj ij LFkkfir dj jgk gSA lekt esa] ?kj ifjokjksa esa lcls T;knk lEekfur&xkSjkfUor ;gh efgyk,¡ gSA dkj.k Vhoh vkSj tulaidZA vkt tgk¡ ,d vksj L=khoknh fparu esa ifjorZu ns[kus dks feyrk gS ogha ;g Hkh dguk xyr u gksxk fd foKkiuksa }kjk ijkslh tk jgh vkØked HkkSfrdrk us L=kh dh nqnZ'kk dh gSA ekuo dh izo`fÙk ds dkj.k lekt ds tUe ds lkFk gh ehfM;k Hkh vfLrRo esa vk;k vkSj ekuo thou dk vfHkUu lgHkkxh cu x;kA izkjaHk esa lekpkj vFkok lans'k izlkj.k ek/;e Fks& nwjHkk"k VsyhQksu] rkj] Vsfyxzke] lekpkj i=k] if=kdk,¡] jsfM;ks vkdk'kok.kh] Vh-oh- nwjn'kZu flusek pyfp=kA ;g lHkh lapkj ra=k pw¡fd lekpkj lans'k ds ek/;e FksA vr% vaxzsth 'kCn ehfM;k esa :ikUrfjr gks x;s] blh Øe esa lapkj ra=k us bysDVªkWfud vkSj vUrfj{k foKku ds ;qx esa izos'k fd;k rFkk blds O;kid rFkk blds O;kid rFkk fojkV ifjos'k us bls uke ns fn;k eYVhehfM;k vFkkZr cgqO;kid ;k fojkV lapkj ra=k ftlesa dEI;wVj ls tqM+dj vius Lo:i dks oSf'od dj fy;k gSA bUnz fo|k okpLifr ds vuqlkj& lapkj ek/;e] ik¡poka osn gS] ftlds tfj, ge Kku&foKku laca/kh ckrksa dks tkudj viuk can efLr"d [kksyrs gSaA bDdhloha lnh esa rks ehfM;k dk izHkko bruk c<+k gS fd ;g 'kfDr dk dsUnz cu x;k gS vkSj mldh 'kfDr fujarj c<+rh tk jgh gSA lp rks ;g fd bu fnuksa ehfM;k us ekuoh; fnup;kZ dks fu;af=kr dj jgk gSA gekjh gj lqcg lekpkj i=k] Vsyhfotu] jsfM;ks] baVjusV] eksckby ds lkFk 'kq# gksrh gS vkSj uhan Hkjh vk¡[kkas ds lkFk lekIr gksrh gSA okLro esa lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ,oa lapkj Økafr dh bl pdkpkSa/k esa ehfM;k us gekjs vkpkj] O;ogkj] ,oa euksoSKkfud ljksdkj dks ,d u;k Qyd iznku fd;k gSA ,Q-,enqfu;k us Hkkjr tSls ns'k ds e/;eoxhZ; lekt dks u, lwpuk

euksjatu] Xykscy f'k{kk rFkk fofo/krkvksa dh nqfu;k esa LFkkfir fd;k gSA blds izHkko cgqvk;keh gSa vkSj ;g lkekftd] /kkfeZd] lkaLd`frd] vkfFkZd] jktuhfrd] euksoSKkfud] ikfjokfjd bR;kfn lHkh i{kksa dks vyx&vyx <ax ls izHkkfor dj jgk gSA cs.Msy fQfyIl uked fo}ku ds vuqlkj& vkt dk ehfM;k ,d ckjxh tulxZ dk ekrk&firk] Ldwy] dkWyst] f'k{kd] fFk;sVj] vkn'kZ vkSj ikjn'kZdrk ds :i esa gekjk lkFkh gks x;k gSA fu'p; gh ehfM;k ds dkj.k lkekftd ifjn`'; esa dkQh ifjorZu gks jgk gS] ns'kdky dh nwfj;k¡ feV jgh gSaA ifjn`';] fopkj] laLd`fr] lH;rk lHkh dk vknku&iznku c<+k gSA vU;k;] mRihM+u] vR;kpkj] dnkpkj] 'kks"k.k] Hkz"Vkpkj o ekuof/kdkj ds guu dk fujarj fojks/k djrs gq, ehfM;k us euq"; ds vkRefo'okl dks c<+k;k gS rFkk ,d lacy iznku dj vf/kdkjksa ds j{kd ds :i esa lkeus vk;k gSA

vkdk'kok.kh esa dk;Zjr efgyk,¡ vkdk'kok.kh esa dk;Zjr efgykvksa ds fo"k; esa tkuus ls igys ;g tku ysuk vko';d gS fd Hkkjr esa jsfM;ks i=kdkfjrk dk bfrgkl D;k gS\ yxHkx lÙkj o"kZ iqjkuk bldk bfrgkl gSA Lok/khurk ls iwoZ lu 1926 esa bafM;u ckWMdkfLVax daiuh }kjk eqacbZ vkSj dksydkrk esa nks dsanzksa dh LFkkiuk gq;h FkhA ;g ,d futh daiuh FkhA lu 1930 esa Hkkjr ljdkj us izlkj.k dk;Z dks bafM;u LVsV czkWMdkfLVax dk uke nsdj mls vius vf/kdkj esa ys fy;kA ,d o"kZ ds ckn 9 vDVwcj] 1931 dks bls can dj fn;k x;kA vkdk'kok.kh dh iqu% 'kq#vkr 1936 esa vky bafM;k jsfM;ks ds uke ls dh x;h] rHkh ls ;g fujarj dk;Zjr gSA vk/kqfud le; esa Hkkjr dh 97 izfr'kr turk vkdk'kok.kh lsok ls ykHkkfUor gks jgh gSA jsfM;ks ,d rkjd /ofu dk ek/;e gS ogha ;g JO; vkSj n`'; Hkh gSA vkdk'kok.kh dh yksdfiz;rk dks ;fn ge ns[ksa rks gesa ;g Kkr gksrk gS fd vkjaHk esa Lora=krk izkfIr ds le; dsoy blds 6 dsanz Fks fdarq lu 1997&98 esa bldh la[;k 150 ls Hkh Åij gks x;hA orZeku ;qx esa ;g ns'k dk ,d l'kDr vkSj o`gn lapkj ek/;e gSA vc iz'u mBrk gS fd bl ij fdl izdkj ds dk;ZØeksa dk izlkj.k gksrk gS\ ;fn ge ;g dgsa fd bl ij lk/kkj.k turk dks f'kf{kr djus ds lkFk gh LoLFk euksjatu iznku djus ds dk;ZØe izlkfjr gksrk gS rks xyr u gksxkA bl {ks=k esa i=kdkjksa dk Hkfo"; cgqr vPNk gSA jsfM;ks ij izlkfjr gksus okys dk;ZØeksa esa fofo/k fo"k;ksa dk lek;kstu gksrk gSA tSls& lekpkj cqysfVu] lkekf;d leh{kk] lekpkj okpu O;k[;kRed lkexzh n'kZu /ofu laiknu]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

51 fofHkUu {ks=kksa ls lacaf/kr izkfof/k dh tkudkjh] [ksy&dwn lekpkj] fQYeh xkus] ;qook.kh] izfl) gfLr;ksa ls okrkZyki&lk{kkRdkj] izfr;ksfxrk ifjppkZ] ukVd] yksdxhr] foKku lsok] d`f"k ,oa x`g&ifjokj dY;k.k bR;kfn eq[; dk;ZØe mYys[kuh; gSaA lkfgR; dks turk rd igq¡pkus dk Js; JO; lapkj ek/;eksa esa jsfM;ks dks lcls vf/kd rc rd gksrh gS tc nks lkfgR;dkjksa dh ckrphr Vsi dh tk,A ;gh ckr vkWfM;ks dSlsV ds fy, ykxw gksrh gS tSls& gfjoa'kjk; cPpu dh e/kq'kkyk dk dSlsV lkfgR; dh /kjksgj gSA egkRek xk¡/kh vkSj iafMr usg: th ds dSlsV can Hkk"k.k Hkh nqyZHk gksus ds dkj.k vaR;r egRoiw.kZ gSaA ehfM;k ds {ks=k esa jsfM;ks ds lkfgfR;d dk;ZØe dk lh/kk vkSj Li"V izHkko Jksrkvksa ij iM+rk gSA vc ;fn ge vkdk'kok.kh esa dk;Zjr efgykvksa dh ckr djsa rks ,d vksj rks ;g buds jkstxkj esa lgk;d gksxk nwljh vksj dyk xq.kksa ds foLrkj esaA gj {ks=k dh rjg ;gk¡ Hkh mPp inksa ij iq#"k gh vf/kd fn[kk;h nsrs gSa D;ksafd VsfDudy dk;Z gsrq vHkh efgykvksa ds le{k gksus dh la[;k esa o`f) ugha gq;h gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ,d&vk/k dsanzksa ij efgykvksa dks Mk;jsDVj ds in ij ns[kk tkrk gSA ;g ckr vkSj gS fd fHkUu&fHkUu foHkkxksa esa budh la[;k vf/kd gS tSls fganh dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh] ejkBh foHkkx dh dk;Z vf/kdkjh] ;qok dk;ZØeksa dh cky dk;ZØeksa dh la;ksftdk,a bR;kfnA nwljh vksj ;fn ns[ksa rks efgykvksa dks okrkZ gsrq] ppkZ gsrq] ukVd esa Hkkx ysus gsrq ;k ok| ctkus gsrq Hkh dk;Z djrs gq, ns[kk x;k gSA iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd D;k ;g jkstxkj jksth&jksVh pykus gsrq lgk;d gSa rks 'kk;n mÙkj uk gh gksxkA tgk¡ rd inksa ij vklhu gSa og rks ljdkjh rU[okg dh vf/kdkfj.kh gks tkrh gS fdarq tks blds dk;ZØe gksrs gSa og eghus rhu eghus ;k 6 eghus dh vof/k esa laiUu gksrs gSaA jsfM;ks esa dgkuh ys[ku dfork ys[ku vuqokn Vad.k gsrq Hkh dk;Z miyC/k gksrs gSa fdarq thfodksiktZu gsrq /kujkf'k dh O;oLFkk blls laHko ugha gSA gk¡] ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd vkt ds orZeku ;qx esa ukfj;k¡ Hkh vfHk;ark ds :i esa l{ke gksdj bl {ks=k esa inkZi.k dj ldrh gSaA jsfM;ks ukVd ys[ku] jsfM;ks tkWdh] mn~?kks"kd] i=kdkfjrk vkfn dk dk;Z djds jsfM;ks ds tqM+k tk ldrk gS vkSj ,Q-,e- rFkk u;s&u;s pSuyksa ls tqMdj mudk izlkj djds Hkh efgyk,¡ vius jkstxkj dh o`f) dj ldrh gSaA

Vh-oh- vkSj efgyk,¡ Vh-oh- esa efgykvksa dh fLFkfr dks tkuus ls igys ;g tku ysuk vko';d gS fd Hkkjr esa nwjn'kZu dk izkjaHk dc gqvk\ 15

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

flracj] 1959 esa bldk izkjaHk dc gqvk FkkA bldk mís'; vkjaHk djus dk vyx FkkA njvly ;g lu 1959 ls lu 1976 rd vkdk'kok.kh dk gh ,d vax ekuk tkrk Fkk] fdarq lu vizSy 1976 ls nwjn'kZu egfuns'kky; dh LFkkiuk dj nh x;hA lu 1982 esa jaxhu izlkj.k dk vkjaHk gqvkA mixzg&bUlsV&1 }kjk bls fn[kk;k x;kA orZeku le; esa nwjn'kZu ns'k ds dksus&dksus QSy pqdk gSA ;g lc ns'kh bulsVkas dk deky gSA bls tknw dk fMCck Hkh dgk tk ldrk gSA vkt ds ;qx dk ;g ,d loZfiz; euksjatu dk lk/ku gSA bl Vh-oh- i=kdkfjrk ds vUrxZr QksVks i=kdkfjrk] tSls lekpkj laca/kh ,sfrgkfld Hkouksa] i'kq&if{k;ksa] izkd`frd n`';ksa ,oa lekjksgksa gSaA vkfn fp=k [khpsa tk ldrs gSaA Vh-oh- i=kdkfjrk esa lQyrk gsrq fp=k ,oa /ofu dks izkfof/kd Kku] ys[ku okpu dh {kerk ,oa /ofu dk izkfof/kd Kku] ys[ku okpu dh {kerk ,oa bysVªkfudh tkudkjh ls Vhoh i=kdkfjrk esa lQyrk ik;h tk ldrh gSA bl i=kdkfjrk esa lQyrk ikus gsrq ;g vko';d gS fd rduhdh Kku fo'ks"k :i ls gks] dSejk Qsl djuk] 'kCn /ofu] n`'; /ofu] cuko J`axkj vkfn dh Hkh tkudkjh gksuh pkfg,A nwjn'kZu ds dkj.k 'kgjksa esa jsfM;ks ds Jksrk ?kVs gSa fdarq xzkeh.k vapyksa esa blds Jksrk lewg esa dkQh o`f) Hkh gqbZ gSA lu 1999 esa ;g la[;k 11-5 djksM+ ls c<dj 12-5 djksM+ ij igq¡p xbZ FkhA Hkkjr dk igyk jsfM;ks vkSj nwjn'kZu laxzgky; fnYyh esa LFkkfir fd;k x;k gSA ;g izlkj.k Hkou esa gSA bldk mís'; ns'k dh izlkj.k fojklr dks lqjf{kr j[kuk gSA ekuo lH;rk ds fodkl esa ukjh dh l`tukRed Hkwfedk jgh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ukjh lekt dh vk/kkjf'kyk cuh fdaarq gekjs usrk egkRek xk¡/kh us viuh vkRedFkk esa vius O;ogkj ds izfr {kksHk O;Dr fd;k gS] rks D;k ikBdksa dks ;g le>kuk pkfg, fd ns'k dh vktknh esa lcls vkxs vkus okys usrk Hkh viuh iRuh ds izfr ,d vyx utfj;k vke vkneh tSlk gh j[krs Fks\ mUgha dh vkRedFkk dk ,d va'k& ßeSaus vius vkidks dHkh ekQ ugha fd;k gSA ,sls nq[k fganw L=kh gh lgu djrh gS vkSj bl dkj.k eSaus L=kh dks lnk lgu'khyrk dh ewfrZ ds :i esa ns[kk gSA iRuh ifr dh nklh ugha] ij mldh lgpkfj.kh gS] lg/kfeZ.kh gS] nksukas ,d&nwljs ds lq[k nq[k ds leku lk>snkj gSa vkSj Hkyk&cqjk djus dh ftruh Lora=krk ifr dks gS mRuh gh iRuh dks Hkh gSAÞ loky ;g mBrk gS fd tc xk¡/kh tSls usrk vius O;ogkj esa vkSj fopkjksa esa bruh cMh [kkbZ j[krs gSa rks vke turk ls D;k mEehn gks ldrh gS\ ,sls ekgkSy esa tc Hkkjrh; ukjh fizaV ehfM;k

52

;k bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k esa dk;Z djrh gS rks igyk iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd ?kj ls ysdj ckgj rd og fdruh vklkuh ls viuk dk;Z dj ikrh gSA D;k mls ?kj vkSj ckgj og lgwfy;r bu dk;ksZa ds fy, izkIr gksrh gS tks blh {ks=k ds iq#"kksa dks izkIr gksrh gSA esjs fopkj ls rks ughaA gk¡ ;g ckr vkSj gS fd vkt orZeku ;qx esa ukjh viuh izfrHkk vkSj ftn ls gj {ks=k esa teh gq;h gSA vkt vc iwjk fo'o ubZ djoVsa cny jgk gSA ,sls esa Hkkjrh; ukjh Hkh vius ,d u;s vkleku dh ryk'k esa tqVh gq;h gSA vkt 'kgj dh efgyk,sa mUgsa ns[kdj Hkh vius cnyko gsrq rRij gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd v[kckj esa] jsfM;ks esa Vh- oh- vkSj fQYeksa esa vkt vPNh [kklh efgykvksa dh iSB gks x;h gSA ;gh otg gS fd Hkkjrh; ehfM;k laLd`fr us efgykvksa ds fy, [kqyk vkleku iSnk dj fn;k gSA ,d ckr fQj ;kn vk jgh gS lq/kk vjksM+k th dh dgkuh rhljh csVh ds uke dh fd dgha ;s vkleku Nwus dh mM+ku fdlh nq%[k Hkj iSxke dk vatke u cu tk,¡A oks fy[krh gSa&

ltk rks rq>s feyuh gh Fkh vius liuksa dks lp esa cnyus ds vkjekuksa dh ltk viuh dksBjh ls ckgj dh nqfu;ka rd lqjax [kksnus dh ltk viuh ekSr dk dkj.k rks rw [kqn Fkh] lquluk D;ksa rwus ia[k QSykdj vkleku dh Fkkg ysuh pkgh Fkh\ orZeku ;qx esa ehfM;k laLd`fr us efgykvksa dks tkx:d cuk;k gS] blesa dksbZ 'kd ugha ysfdu ;fn rg esa tk,¡ rks vf/kdkj lEiUu efgyk,¡ mudk mi;ksx fdruk dj ikrh gSa iz'u ;{k tSlk vc Hkh gSA vkj{k.k }kjk efgyk,¡ vkidks igys ls vf/kd LFkkuksa ij dk;Z djus gsrq lcy rks le> jgh gSa fdarq lqjf{kr ugha gS dkj.k lkQ gS] efgyk lcyhdj.k ds lkFk&lkFk muds izfr vijk/k vkSj vR;kpkjksa esa ekuks Jh o`f) gksrh tk jgh gSA vkt ,d losZ ds ek/;e ls ;kSu mRihM+u] cykRdkj] NsM+NkM+ vkSj vigj.k tSls vijk/k c<+rs tk jgs gaS rks D;k ;gh ehfM;k Økafr gS\ fopkj rks vc lcdks djuk gksxkA blh izdkj dh ,d fVIi.kh ehfM;k Økafr esa gq, ifjorZu dks ns[krs gq, tuoknh efgyk lfefr dh v/;{k us Hkh dh FkhA izkphu dky ls vc rd efgykvksa dks eksgjk cukdj gh bLrseky fd;k x;k gSA vktknh ds ckn efgykvksa dk mi;ksx miHkksDrk laLd`fr us [kwc fd;kA efgykvksa us ehfM;k esa dc vkSj dSls inkiZ.k fd;k\ D;k ;s muds futh [okc Fks\ iz'u fopkj.kh; gS\ lu lÙkj ds n'kd ls vkfFkZd ladV us efgykvksa dks ?kj ls fudyus ds fy, ck/; fd;kA oks pkgs iq#"kksa }kjk Lo;a dks de vk¡dus dh ckr jgh gks ;k ngst ls tw>us dhA ?kjsyw fgalk Hkh

HkweaMyhdj.k ds nkSj esa c<+us yxhA L=kh izfrHkk gj ;qx esa ns[kh tk ldrh gS fd D;k vkt izfrHkk'kkyh efgyk;sa ehfM;k {ks=k esa l{ke gks ik jgh gSa\ ;k vc Hkh iq#"kksa }kjk os lapkfyr dh tk jgh gSa\ lp rks ;g gS fd ehfM;k Økafr pkgs ftruk dj ys efgyk nsg ls yksx Åij mBus dks rS;kj ugha gSA v[kckj gks] Vh-oh- gks] baVjusV gks ;k fQYesa gks ukjh dh nsg dks Hkksx dh oLrq cukdj ijkslk tk jgk gSA iz'u ;g mBrk gS fd ukjh ehfM;k ds fy, dk;Z{ke gS ;k ehfM;k ukjh dk mi;ksx dj O;kolk;hdj.k esa my>k gqvk gS\ v[kckj i<+rs le; efgykvksa ds v'yhy&foKkiu ns[ks tk ldrs gSa] baVjusV rks ,sls ohfM;ks ls Hkjk iM+k gS ftls cM+h vklkuh ls dksbZ Hkh ns[k ldrk gS] fQYesa rks rc rd iwjh gh ugha ekuh tkrh tc rd efgyk dk vax izn'kZu ds mlesa n`'; u 'kkfey gksaA esjk eu ;g fopkj djus yxrk gS fd D;k lp esa ehfM;k esa dk;Zjr efgyk;sa viuh izfrHkk dkS'ky dks dsoy lekt rd igq¡pk jgh gSa ;k ckr xaHkhj gS\ ehfM;k us ukjh dks izxfr'khy rks cuk;k gS ysfdu fn'kk Hkzfer vf/kd vkSj lgh jkg de fn[kykrh gSaA mnkgj.k Lo:i dydÙkk ls vk;h ,d ek¡ ls tc ;g dgk x;k fd cPph dks mldh mez ds ;ksX; xhr fl[kkb;s rks twu 2013 ds bafM;u vk;fMy twfu;j ds 'kks esa ,d cPph dk xkuk lquus ds ckn fo'kky th us rhu ckj xkuk cnydj xkus dk volj iznku fd;k fdarq mlus v'yhy xhrksa dks gh lquk;k rc mldh ek¡ dks cqyk;k x;k tks fd mlds lkFk ogk¡ x;h FkhA iwNus ij mlus mÙkj fn;k fd turk ,sls gh xkus lquus dh is'k djrh gS vkSj gekjh cPph LVst 'kks djrh gS] [kwc iSlk dekrh gS] gesa Lo;a xkus ds pquko dh lqfo/kk gksrh gh gSA ¼14 twu] 2013½ iSlksa dh pdkpkSa/k esa lc dqN Hkwyrs tk jgs gSaA D;k okLro esa efgykvksa dks ehfM;k esa dke djrs le; fdlh Hkh rjg dh LosPNk ugha gS\ eSa ugha ekurhA gk¡] ;g t:j gSa fd tc ge de le; esa vf/kd iSlk vkSj izflf) pkgrs gSa rc gekjs ikl pquko vkSj fopkj djus nksuksa dh Lora=krk lekIr gks tkrh gSA vkt ehfM;k ds ek/;e ls ;fn ge efgykvksa dh fLFkfr;ksa dks tkuuk pkgrs gSa rks gesa fuEu fyf[kr ckrksa ij n`f"Vikr djuk gksxk& Hkkjrh; efgyk;sa vkSj cnyrk ifjn`';] efgykvksa ds fy, izlkj.k ek/;e vkd"kZ.k dsanz] ehfM;k ds :i esa O;olk;] Vh-oh- esa dk;Zjr efgyk,¡] i=kdkfjrk ls tqM+h efgyk,¡ ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dh Hkk"kk] foKkiu vkSj efgyk,¡] ehfM;k esa dk;Zjr efgykvksa ds dkuwu vkSj vkSj vf/kdkj] efgyk] ehfM;k vkSj cktkjokn ,oa ehfM;k vkSj efgyk 'kks"k.k bR;kfnA ;fn ge mijksDr ckrksa ij xkSj ls eaFku djsaxs rks vo';

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

53 gh ehfM;k vkSj efgykvksa ds laca/k] mudk mi;ksx] mudh fn'kk vkSj n'kk dks le> ldasxsA loZizFke vkt ds cnyrs ifjn`'; dks ;fn ns[ksaxs rks Kkr gksxk fd ehfM;k dh pdkpkSa/k esa gj ,d efgyk ljkcksj gSA NksVk inkZ gks ;k cM+k& fdlh Hkh rjg og Lo;a dks ogk¡ rd igq¡pkuk pkgrh gSA iwjh nqfu;k dks crkuk pkgrh gS fd esjh Hkh dqN 'kf[l;r gSA ,sls esa mudk mi;ksx xyr <ax ls fd;k tkrk gSA :i dk;Z dk pkgs tks gks fdarq ckr tc izn'kZu ij vkdj fVdrh gS rks 'kks"k.k dh ek=kk vf/kd gks tkrh gSA igys vkidks eu pkgh dher fey tk,xh ,slk yxrk gS fdarq vkt Hkh efgykvksa ds dk;Z dh dher iq#"kksa ls dbZ txgksa ij de vk¡dh tkrh gSaA Vh-ohesa NksVk lk jksy fey tkus ij Hkh ekuks nqfu;k dk uk;kc ghjk mUgsa izkIr gks x;k ,slk oks eglwl djrh gSaA ,d lk{kkRdkj esa eSaus i<+k Fkk fd lgurfdZ;ksa dks fQYeksa esa pkyhl #i;s fn, tkrs Fks dHkh tc fd esgur og ukf;dk ls vf/kd djrh FkhA insZ dh ped] lp iwNks rks jkg Hkqykus dk dke djrh gSA vkt Vh-oh- ds lhfj;y ns[kdj] fQYeksa esa ukf;dkvksa dks ns[kdj] Mh-vk;-Mh-MkWl esa ekWe Lis'ky gks ;k cPpksa ds xhrksa dh Li/kkZ gksA lcds eu esa ,d gh bPNk izcy jgrh gS fd esa iwjs fo'o esa insZ ij fn[kk;h nw¡A insZ dk vkd"kZ.k izcy gksrk gSA vkt f'kf{kr efgyk,¡] ehfM;k dks jkstxkj ds :i esa Hkh pquus yxh gSaA i=kdkfjrk gks] Vh-oh- i=kdkfjrk gks] vfHku; gks] lw=k lapkyu gks] fQYe dk funsZ'ku gks] QksVksxzkQh gks] /kkjkokfgdksa esa] dk;Z gks dqy feykdj] ;g dgk tk ldrk gS fd vkt efgyk,¡ NksVs insZ ls ysdj CkM+s insZ rd u;s&u;s {ks=kksa esa igy dj pqdh gSaA ,d le; Fkk tc fxuh&pquh efgyk,¡ gh fQYeksa esa tk;k djrh Fkh vkSj mUgsa yksx vPNk ugha ekurs Fks] ysfdu vkt Lo;a uk;d viuh csfV;ksa dks fQYeksa esa izos'k dj jgsA vkt ukjh vkfFkZd :i ls fuHkZj ugh jguk pkgrh ;gh dkj.k gSa fd oks gj izdkj ds dk;Z] gj {ks=k ds dk;Z djus dks rS;kj gSA izkphudky dh ckr vkSj Fkh tc dqN fo'ks"k {ks=k muds fy, fu/kkZfjr ,oa lhfer dj fn, tkrs Fks fdarq vkt ehfM;k ds dkj.k gh os gj {ks=k esa viuh etcwr idM+ cuk pqds gSa ;g ehfM;k dk nwljk igyw Hkh gSaA v[kckjksa esa ;fn oks dkWye fy[krh gSa rks Vhoh- esa jktuhfrd leh{kk djrh gSa] ,d vkSj fØdsV dh dkesaVªh nsrh gSa rks nwljh vkSj ik;ysV curh gS bathfu;j] esfMdy vc dsoy iq#"kksa dk {ks=k ugh jgk rks ehfM;k us foKkiu ds ek/;e ls csfV;ksa dh f'k{kk dks egRoiw.kZ crkdj mUgsa f'kf{kr djok;k gS vkSj gj {ks=k esa foLrkj djok;k gSA vkt ekuks efgykvksa us ehfM;k esa dk;Z djus

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

gsrq ,d pqukSrh ys yh gS vkSj efgykvksa esa Økafr vk x;h gSA lu 1980 dk n'kd efgyk n'kd ekuk x;kA Hkkjrh; efgykvksa ds fy, bls Lof.kZe dky dgk x;k gSA dbZ rjg ds dkuwu muds fy, cus vkSj dbZ fodkl dh ;kstuk,¡ HkhA efgyk,¡ vius LokLF; ds izfr ltx gksus yxhaA vc rd tgk¡ mUgsa dsoy iztuu ;a=k ekuk tkuk tkrk FkkA ogha mUgksaus bl ij jksd yxk nh fd mUgsa ek=k bruk ghu u le>k tk,] Mh- ,u- ,- VsLV vkjaHk gks x;sA ;gha ls efgykvksa us dks[k ij viuk vf/kdkj crk;k vkSj mls fdjk;s ij nsuk viuk dkuwuh gd vkSj lafo/kkfud vf/kdkj ?kksf"kr fd;kA ;g paMhx<+ dh ,d efgyk Fkh tks dh fookfgrk FkhA ehfM;k dh gh Økafr dk ,d vkSj egRoiw.kZ eqík gSA efgyk vkj{k.k yksdlHkk] fo/kkulHkk esa 33 izfr'kr vkj{k.k] ;g Hkh fL=k;ksa ds tkx:drk dk gh uewuk gSA Vh-oh- bDdhloha lnh dh lapkj Økafr dk ,d :i gSA uSfrd ewY;ksa esa cnyko blh dk urhtk dgsa rks xyr u gksxkA bldk tUe vPNs mís'; ls gqvk Fkk ysfdu /khjs&/khjs :i fcxM+rk pyk x;k ;k ;w¡ dfg, fd foLrkj gksrk pyk x;kA O;kid :i ls de le; esa vf/kd O;fDr;ksa ls laidZ ewy mís'; Fkk fdarq O;olk;hdj.k esa ifjofrZr gksdj mís'; ls HkVd x;kA vke vkneh ds fy, cuk /kuh O;fDr;ksa dh eqëh esa fleV x;k] ;fn dgs rks xyr u gksxkA efgykvksa dk lSykc ekuks Vh-oh- ij vk x;kA vufxur pSuyksa ij fHkUu&fHkUu /kkjkokfgdksa esa mifLFkfr ntZ gksus yxhA Vh- oh- ds vkus ls okpu laLd`fr izHkkfor gq;hA fj'rs izHkkfor gq,] jlksbZ izHkkfor gq;h vkSj vkfFkZd [kpsZ ij Hkh bldk izHkko fcuk iM+s u jg ldkA blus u;s&u;s QS'ku djus dh le> efgykvksa dks nhA vkt f'kf{kr efgyk,¡ u;s&u;s O;olk; ds {ks=kksa dk pquko Hkh djus yxh gSaA tSls ys[ku dk dk;Z] funsZ'ku dk dk;Z vkt ,drk diwj] vfej [kku dh iRuh] nhik 'kkg vkSj u tkus ,slh gh fdruh efgykvksa us viuh :fp ds vuq:i ehfM;k esa vius dk;Z {ks=kksa dk pquko fd;k gSA ;gh ehfM;k dh Økafr gSA v[kckjksa esa ns[ks tgk¡ igys dsoy ltkoV laca/kh idoku ;k LokLF; laca/kh ;k dsoy ?kjsyw i{kksa dk gh fp=k.k fd;k tkrk Fkk vkt ,slk ugha gSA efgykvksa us gj {ks=k esa viuh iSB rks tek yh gS fdarq la[;kRed n`f"V ls cgqr de gS tSls& v[kckj vkSj if=kdkvksa esa laikfndk ds :i esa fxuh&pquh efgyk,¡ gh fn[kkbZ nsrh gSaA ukVd ys[ku esa Hkh ;gh fLFkfr gSA vkt mUgsa vkdk'kok.kh esa Hkh i;kZIr igpku ,oa dk;Z fey jgk gSA efgyk i=kdkj gsrq ;g dguk vuqfpr u gksxk fd og i=kdkfjrk esa vkdj ,d can lhy dks rksM+us dk dke djrh

54 gSaA vkt la[;k ds :i esa Hkys mUgsa vf/kd vk¡dk tk jgk gSA fdarq muds vf/kdkj vHkh Hkh iwjh rjg ls mUgsa ugha fey ik;s gaSA lekpkj&i=kksa esa tks dk;Z og djuk pkgrh gS og mUgsa ugha fn, tkrsA tcfd ;g ckr loZfofnr gS fd fganh lekpkj i=k i<+us okyksa dh la[;k vkt ns'k esa lcls vf/kd gSA efgyk i=kdkjksa dh leL;kvksa ij ppkZ cgqr de dh tkrh gS D;ksafd v[kckj ekfyd vf/kdrj iq#"k gh gksrs gaSA v[kckjksa ds ys[kksa esa Hkh efgykvksa ds pgq¡eq[kh fodkl gsrq Hkh cgqr de fy[kk tkrk gSA efgyk i=kdkjksa dk dksbZ vyx ls laxBu Hkh ugh gksrk gSA vf/kdrj efgyk i=kdkjksa dk mi;ksx {ks=kh; [kcjksa dks tksM+us ds fy, gh dj tkrk gSA fganh v[kckj dh ,d i=kdkj fLerk feJk th dk rks ;gk¡ rd ekuuk gS fd vaxzsth i=kdkjksa dh fLFkfr fganh ls csgrj gSA vDlj efgyk i=kdkjksa ds pquko ls Hkh yksx drjkrs gSa fd ;s yksx dgha ekr`Ro gsrq vodk'k u ys] jkr dh M~;wVh esa okgu dh lqfo/kk u ek¡x cSBsA ,d rjQ ;g fujk'kk gS rks nwljh vksj ldkjkREkd fcanq Hkh fn[kkbZ nsrs gaS fd fganh efgyk i=kdkjksa dks ekr`Ro gsrq vodk'k rks iznku fd;k gh tkrk gS lkFk gh osru Hkh iznku fd;k tkrk gSA ;g ckr vkSj gS fd nSfud fganqLrku dh phQ bu ,MhVj ds in ij jgha e`.kky ikaMs th tSlk izeks'ku cM+h eqf'dy ls izkIr gksrk gSA dkj.k efgyk,¡ dk;Z rks djrh gSa fdarq mudh igpku ugha cu ikrh gSA Hkk"kk flag dgrh gaS fd fganh i=kdkj ds :i esa cgqr le>kSrs djus iM+rs gSa vkSj yksx bls Lrjh; dk;Z Hkh ugha le>rsA gekjs dk;Z dks gYdk le>k tkrk gS rFkk ge ghuHkko xzLr gks tkrs gSaA ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dk mi;ksx vf/kd ls vf/kd izn'kZu gsrq fd;k tk jgk gS] ;g ckr vxj vki lc Lo;a le> tk,a rks gh bl ij izfrca/k yx ldrk gS ojuk ,dk/k ckj dqN yksxksa us ,sls iz;ksx djus pkgs Hkh gSa ftlls bl izn'kZu dks jksdk tk lds fdarq lQy u gks ldsA D;ksafd bls jksdus ds fy, Lo;a djus okyksa esa le> iSnk gksuh pkfg,A egkjk"Vª ds lwpuk ea=kh us ukjh foKkiu vkSj iksLVj ij izfrca/k yxk;k FkkA mÙkjizns'k ds eq[;ea=kh us ,d ckj QS'ku 'kks ,oa lkSan;Z izfr;ksfxrkvksa ij jksd yxk;h FkhA gky gh esa yM+fd;ksa dks eksckby u j[kus ds fy, tksj fn;k x;k ijarq dgha ij Hkh gy ugha fudyk ;fn ge mfpr vkSj vuqfpr dk ikB vius ?kjksa esa cpiu ls ugh i<+k;saxs rks Hkyk izn'kZu djus ls igys mudh lksp dks dkSu cny ik;sxkA vKku gesa va/kh nkSM+ esa 'kkfey djrk gS vkSj Kku mlesa 'kkfey gksus ls jksdrk gSA dk;Z djuk] O;olk; djuk vius fy, jksth&jksVh dekuk xyr ugha gS fdarq jkLrk Bhd gksuk pkfg,A vkt L=kh ?kj esa cSBdj baVjusV ds ek/;e ls O;olk;

efgyk i=kdkjksa dk dksbZ vyx ls laxBu Hkh ugha gksrk gSA vf/kdrj efgyk i=kdkjksa dk mi;ksx {ks=kh; [kcjksa dks tksM+us ds fy, gh dj fn;k tkrk gSA fganh v[kckj dh ,d i=kdkj fLerk feJk dk rks ;gk¡ rd ekuuk gS fd vaxzsth i=kdkjksa dh fLFkfr fganh ls csgrj gSA dj ldrh gS vkSj vius iSjksa ij [kM+h gks ldrh gSA gj flDds ds nks igyw gksrs gaSA ehfM;k esa Hkh ;gh ckr gS cl ges mldk mi;ksx esa dSls ykuk gS] mís'; vkSj y{; dks fuf'pr djuk gksxkA bDdhloha lnh esa efgyk,¡ vius l`tukREkd {kerk izLrqr djuk pkgrh gSa ysfdu muds bl ifjorZu dk xyr mi;ksx u fd;k tk, bldk mUgsa Lo;a /;ku j[kuk iMs+xkA vkt ehfM;k dk c<+rk izHkko 'kfDr dk dsanz cu x;k gSA vkt fizaV ehfM;k dks ihNs nkSM+rk bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k vkxs c<+rk tk jgk gS vkSj blh dkj.k lkeftd ifjn`'; cnyrs tk jgs gaSA ekuo thou dks mldh fnup;kZ dks tgk¡ ehfM;k us fu;af=kr dj j[kk gS ogh blds cgqvk;keh izHkko Hkh ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA cs.Msy fQfyIl dk er gS& vkt dk ehfM;k ,d ckjxh tu oxZ dk ekrk&firk] Ldwy&dkWyst] f'k{kd] fFk;sVj vkn'kZ vkSj ijke'kZnkrk ds :i esa gekjk lkFkh gks x;k gS ysfdu ehfM;k O;olkf;drk dh pisV esa vkdj efgykvksa vkSj mudh Nfo dks ftl :i esa izLrqr dj jgk gS] og fparuh; gSA dqN phtsa gekjs lekt esa ijaijkxr :i esa oftZr gSa] lkekftd 'kkyhurk o e;kZnk dh ,d lhek jgh gSA vxj mtkyk ds ;qok i=kdkj fo".kq 'kekZ th dk ekuuk gS fd ftl fdlh ckr ij Hkh ifjokjtuksa ds chp fopkj fd;k tkuk mi;qDr u gks rFkk lanHkZ vkus ij 'keZ dk vuqHko gks og lHkh v'yhy gSA vkt orZeku le; esa ehfM;k ds tfj, efgykvksa esa rjDdh dk vuqHko fd;k gS tSls U;wt jhMj] laikfndk] LraHkdkj] i=kdkj] ,adj] dk;ZØe dh gksLV] jsfM;ks tkWdh] Mh-tsbR;kfn vkt eafnjk csnh tSlh Vh-oh- lhfj;y dh ukf;dk,¡ ,adj dk dk;Z dj jgh gSaA ,sls gh tt ds :i esa Js;k ?kks"kky] vpZuk iwju flag] fdju [ksj] Qjgk [kku] :uk ySyk] vk'kk Hkkslys bR;kfn vius gquj ls ehfM;k esa vyx LFkku cuk pqdh gSaA ;g dguk Hkh xyr u gksxk fd ehfM;k us efgykvksa dks jkstxkj ds lkFk viuh izfrHkk fn[kkus dk csgrj fodYi iznku fd;k gSA ;g ckr vkSj gS fd

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

55 foKkiuksa esa mls lsDl flacy ds :i esa gh vf/kdrj is'k fd;k tkrk gSA Hkkjr tSls ns'k esa ;g fLFkfr fparktud blfy, ekuh tkrh gS D;ksafd ;gk¡ efgykvksa dks lEeku ls ns[kk tkrk FkkA mudh laLd`fr vkSj lH;rk ds fy, yTtk vkSj okRlY; ds fy,A fdarq vkt [kkvks fi;ks eLrh djks tSls lans'k dsoy ukfj;ksa ds fy, gh ?kkrd ugh gSa] cfYd iwjs Hkkjrh; lekt ds fy, ;g ?kkrd gSaA O;olkf;d daifu;k¡ vius fgr iwfrZ gsrq budk xyr mi;ksx dj jgh gSaA ,d oDr vk,xk tc ,MoMZ lbZn dh psrkouh ge lcdks ;kn vk,xhA vkus okyh ihf<+;ka gels iwNsxha fd geus bruh rduhd dh mUufr ds ckn Hkh vxyh uLyksa ds fy, ekuoh; ljksdkjksa dh ubZ igpku dks dgk NksM+ fn;k gS\ vkt ge lc miHkksDrk dky esa th jgs gSa ;k ;w¡ dfg, cktkjokn ds f'kdkj gSaA vkt dh loksZPp 'kfDr cktkj gSA ;k ;w¡ dfg, le; dh ;gh ek¡x gSA izkphu&dky esa dsoy fQYeksa dk izHkko yksxksa ij iM+rk Fkk fdarq vkt rks Vh-oh- ds tfj, {k.k&{k.k ifjorZu ns[kus dks feyrk gS vkSj bu foKkiuksa dk izHkko cPpksa vkSj efgykvksa ij tcjnLr ns[kk tk ldrk gSA b/kj foKkiu ns[kk m/kj ?kj esa pht gkftj gks tkrh gSA bls ;fn ge ldkjkRed :i ns nsa rks vkt ukjh vius ?kj dks ltkus ds fy, bu foKkiuksa ds ek/;e ls Lo;a rS;kj gks x;h gSA ;g ckr vkSj gS fd vHkh ;g ugha le> ldh gS fd D;k t:jh gS vkSj D;k ugha ysuk\ bls ;fn ehfM;k dh ekj dgsa rks xyr u gksxk! ehfM;k us gekjh laLd`fr vkSj laLdkjksa dh tM+kas dks fgyk fn;k gSA fj'rksa esa laosnu'kwU;rk blh ehfM;k dh nsu gSA ,d le; Fkk tc insZ dh efgykvksa dh os'kHkw"kk vkSj iSny pyus okyh efgykvksa dh os'kHkw"kk] dkj esa pyus okyh efgykvksa dh os'kHkw"kk vyx gqvk djrh Fkh fdarq vkt rks ekuks inkZ /kjrh ij mrj vk;k gSA ;gh gS ehfM;k dh etcwr idM+A vkt efgyk,¡ viuh rjDdh ds fy, fdlh Hkh gn rd ckgj le>kSrs djus dks rS;kj gSa fdarq ?kj esa ughaA izse izlax Hkkoukvksa ls gVdj ekSr ds vatke rd igq¡pus dk dkj.k vc fopkj.kh; gS\ D;k okLro esa blh dks fodkl dh Økafr dgrs gSa\ izHkk"k tks'kh dk er ;gk¡ j[kuk pkgw¡xh& og dgrs gSa ßcktkj euq"; dh fu;fr r; djsxk] mlesa ,d ewy [kksV vkus okyk gS] D;ksafd cktkj Hkko ls pyrk gS] cktkj uSfrd ewY;ksa ls ugha pyrk vkSj ewY;ksa ds fcuk fdlh Hkh ekuo lekt dh dYiuk ugha dh tk ldrhAÞ ekuo&lekt Hkko ls ugha py ldrk] uSfrd ewY;ksa ls gh pyrk gS rks D;k vkt gj ukjh ehfM;k ls tqM+rs le; vius ewY;ksa

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

dk [;ky j[kdj gh tqMrh gaS\ ;fn gk¡ gS rks dksbZ nks"k ugha gS fdarq ;fn /ku gsrq vkd"kZ.k gsrq] dk;Z gsrq le>kSrs djrh gS rks ;g mudh viuh Hkh xyrh ekuh tk;sxh dsoy ehfM;k ftEesnkj ugha gSA ehfM;k esa dk;Z djuk vkSj mldh pdkpkSa/k ls cpuk gh ewY; gSA vkt efgyk,¡ QS'ku 'kks ds Li/kkZ esa bl rjg yhu gS fd ?kj [kkyh gS vkSj C;wVh ikyZj] Mkal ckj] gksVy bR;kfn Hkjs gq, gSaA ;g izksRlkgu mUgsa dgka ls feyk ;fn ge lkspsaxs rks mÙkj [kqn&c&[kqn fey tk;sxkA ehfM;k esa ,slk Hkh ugh ekurh fd pSuyksa ds dk;ZØe dsoy QS'ku ds gh gksrs gSa fdarq ;g vo'; gS fd vPNs dk;ZØe f'k{kk laca/kh tjk de yqHkkrs gSa yksxksa dksA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ehfM;k ds foKkiu] /kkjkokfgd] fQYEksa bR;kfn efgykvksa dks vkdf"kZr djrh gSaA cfuLcr lekpkj vkSj f'k{kk dk;ZØe dsA ,d le; Fkk tc 'kkafr ls ?kjksa esa efgyk,¡ vius ifjokj ds fy, D;k mfpr gS] fopkj djrh FkhaA og Hkwy x;h gS fd mudk ?kj&ifjokj fc[kj jgk gSA ehfM;k lcdks dk;ZØeksa ds cgkus izn'kZu ds cgkus mUgsa ?kj ls ckgj [khap jgk gS og Hkwy jgk gS fd fL=k;k¡ tc ckgj fudysaxh rks lekt ij tkus&vutkus dSls izHkko iMsa+xs\ cjkcj dekus ls ?kj ij vk;k,¡ jkt djsaxh vkSj cPps ukSdjkuh gh ikysaxh] ftlls cPps mUgsa vf/kd vius djhc ikdj muls yxko j[ksaxsA pdkpkSa/k dh nqfu;k esa muds ifr ckgj gh ekSt&eLrh dj vk/kh jkr dks ?kj tc okil vk;saxs rks ?kj dh uhao Mxexk pqdh gksxh] ifjokj fc[kj tk,xkA ysfdu ehfM;k dke;kc gks tk,xkA Hkkjr ns'k dh n'kk vkSj fn'kk fcxM+ x;h ij fdls QdZ iM+rk gS\ lc rks fodkl dh vksj c<+ jgs gaS og pkgs xanh ukyh ls gksdj tkrk gks ;k ifo=k lksp ls vkxs c<+ jgk gksA c<+uk lcdh fQrjr cu x;h gSA ehfM;k us lcdks c<+us dk ekSdk fn;k gSA blesa dksbZ lansg ugha gSA miHkksDrkokn ,oa cktkjokn ds opZLo us ehfM;k ds }kjk gekjh vk¡[kksa ij ,slk ,sud p<+k fn;k gS efgyk,¡ flQZ vkSj flQZ miHkksx dh oLrq utj vkus yxh gaSA XYkSej vkfVZdy cudj jg x;h gSaA lanHkZ xzaFk 1- ehfM;k foe'kZ& MkW- fojsanz flag 2- fo'o ehfM;k cktkj& MkW- jPkw] fQYe i=kdkfjrk& fouksn frokjh] 3- vk/kqfud foKkiu& MkW- ikratfy] 4- ehfM;k foe'kZ] Hkksiky 5- ehfM;k Økafr vkSj efgyk,¡& MkW- deyk jÙkw v/;{k fganh foHkkx] izk- jked`".k eksjs ,-lh-,l egkfo|ky;] vkdqMhZ] iq.ks

57

vkoj.k dFkk-6 lqHknzk jkBkSj

D;k dqN fy[k jgh gSa L=kh if=kdk,¡

vk t ls 40&45 o"kZ iwoZ dk le;A rc gekjs thou esa cq)w

cDls us n[ky ugha fn;k FkkA JO; ek/;e jsfM;ks Fkk Hkh rks vius lhfer gLr{ksi ds lkFk ghA i<+uk ckSf)drk dh fu'kkuh Fkh rks #fp dk {ks=k HkhA ?kj&ifjokj ds e/; cpiu esa tc lq/k vkuh 'kq: gqbZ] Lo;a dks dbZ i=k&if=kdkvksa ls f?kjk ik;kA ckcwth vkSj cM+s HkkbZ;ksa esa O;kIr iBuh;rk vkSj Kku dh yyd us vyekfj;ksa dks xzaFkksa ls ikV j[kk Fkk] fu;fer if=kdk;sa Hkh de u

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

FkhaA /keZ;qx] lkIrkfgd fgUnqLrku] uouhr] dknfEcuh] lfjrk] eqDrk ds lkFk bysLVªsV ohdyh vkWQ bafM;k] jhMlZ MkbtsLV] bafM;k VqMs tSlh if=kdkvksa dh vFkZ Hkjh mifLFkfr bu if=kdkvksa esa tSl tknqbZ vkd"kZ.k gksrkA i`"B jaxhu gks vFkok 'osr ';ke] mudk vkea=k.k dHkh Bqdjk;k u tk ldkA Åaxfy;k¡ epyh iM+rhaA ns[ksa fd Hkhrj D;k gS\ cM+s HkkbZ lkgc cM+s djhus ls mu if=kdkvksa dks frfFkokj lgst dj j[kk djrsA ge cPpksa dh Hkh cM+h bPNk gksrh]

58 L=kh 'kfDr fo'ks"kkad ds ifjizs{; esa tc eq>s L=kh if=kdkvksa dks [kaxkyus dk VkLd feyk rks eSa nqfo/kk esa iM+ xbZA nqfo/kk ;g fd eSaus rks tkus dc ls bu if=kdkvksa dh vksj >kaduk gh can dj fn;k FkkA nqfo/kk ds lkFk vk'p;Z Hkh gqvk fd ,slk dc] D;ksa vkSj dSls gks x;k\ bu if=kdkvksa dks dHkh viuk lek ekukA ftuls cM+k jkxkRed laca/k jgkA bu ij vf/kdkj tek;k tk,A rc le>kbZ'k feyh fd bu if=kdkvksa ij utj t:j Qsj yks] ij vHkh rd buds yk;d ughaA rqEgkjs fy, rks pank ekek] uanu] paid] foØe vkSj osrky] QSaVe] pkpk pkS/kjh] flagklu cÙkhlh vkSj reke dkSfeDl dh nqfu;k gh dkQh gSA nsj&lcsj foHkktu le> esa vk;k( cM+ksa ds fy, vyx vkSj cPpksa ds fy, vyx if=kdk,¡A cky if=kdk! Bhd Hkh gSA mez us ;k=kk tkjh j[khA dqN cM+s gq,A dgha ls gkFk yx xbZa if=kdk,¡ x`g'kksHkk] euksjekA cM+s HkkbZ lkgc dh fgVyjh vk¡[kksa us fQj rjsjkA ß;g rqEgkjs i<+us yk;d if=kdk ughaA [kcjnkj tks bls i<+kAÞ ;s yks! D;ksa HkkbZ\ cM+ksa ds fy, viuh if=kdk] cPpksa ds fy, cky if=kdk] rks fQj esjs L=kh gksus ds ckotwn ;g L=kh if=kdk eq>ls nwj D;ksa\ ;g dksbZ ^ukosy* gS D;k\ fd fcxM+ tkÅ¡A esjs ge mez ikBdksa dks vPNh rjg ;kn gksxk fd ml nkSj esa fQYe ns[kuk vxj cnpyuh Fkh rks cPps dk [kqjnjs iUuksa okyh eksVh fdrkcsa i<+uk pfj=kghurk rd dh fu'kkuh FkhA ftl fd'kksj ;k ;qok ds rfd;s ds uhps og ukWosy feyrk cM+ksa dh Hk`dqfV;k¡ ryokj cu tk;k djrhaA [kSj] fo"k; ij vk;k tk,A rks] gesa viuh vYgM+ mez esa cM+ksa us Hkjdj L=kh if=kdkvksa ls nwj j[kkA ij dc rd\ viuk Hkh le; vk;kA c<+rh mez us o;Ldrk vkSj C;kg ds rksgQs ds lkFk dbZ fo'ks"k fo'ks"kkf/kdkj lkSaisA muesa ls ,d bu L=kh if=kdkvksa dks Lora=krk ls i<+us dk feyk vf/kdkj Hkh FkkA i<+k] ns[kk fd vkf[kj blesa ,slk D;k Fkk fd bUgsa gels fNikdj j[kk x;k\ vkSj ;g Hkh fd ftl iq#"k iz/kku Hkkjrh; lekt esa Lo;a iq#"k ds fy, i`Fkd if=kdk ugha gS] fL=k;ksa ds fy, if=kdkvksa dh vPNh [kklh ekStwnxh gSA tks&tks bUgsa i<+k le> esa vkrk x;k fd D;ksa ;s if=kdk;sa foHkktu js[kk ds ikj [kM+h gSaA BsB L=kh thou ij dsfUnzr lkefxz;k¡ x`g'kksHkk] euksjek] okek] esjh lgsyh ls ysdj Qsfeuk] oqesUl] bjk tSlh if=kdk,¡ iq#"k lÙkk dsUnz esa gks vkSj ,d dksuk L=kh if=kdk ds :i esa fey tk,] jkgr nsus okyh ckr rks gksxh ghA mudk viuk eap] ftlls og dkQh dqN lk>k dj ldrh gSA viuh ihM+k] vius nq[k] vius lius] viuk lalkjA mldh [kqf'k;k¡] mldk LokLF;]

mldk ru] mldk eu] mldh my>uA iq#"k ds fy, tks phtsa vFkZghu vkSj vogsyuh; Fkh] ;gk¡ izeq[krk ikrh FkhaA ;g Hkh le> esa vk;k fd D;ksa ,d [kkl mez ds ckn blds iUus [kksyus dh btktr feyrh FkhA D;k ugha Fkk ;gk¡\ ?kj&ifjokj] lkj&laHkky] ifr] cPps] ckx&cxhpk] jlksbZ] Mªkbax :e ls ysdj L=kh thou ds furkar futh izlax] laca/k vkSj lsDl HkhA ,sls reke fo"k; ftu ij ppkZ djuk rc dh L=kh ds fy,] ,dkar esa Hkh f>>d ds dkj.k Fks] ;gk¡ [kqydj ckrsa gksrhaA vk'p;Z dh ckr gS uA ij Hkkjr tSls fiNM+s ns'k dh L=kh if=kdk;sa iwjs lkgl ds lkFk L=kh dh l[kh cudj [kM+h gks tkrh FkhA ;s if=kdk;sa mldh lgsyh Fkh] vfHkHkkod Fkha rks xq# HkhA inkZ u Fkk] if=kdk;sa vius eu dk fu%ladksp ;gk¡ mtkxj Hkh djrh vkSj euekfQd [kqjkd Hkh ikrhA ;g rks gqbZ fiNyh lnh dh ckrA vkt dSlh gSa ;s if=kdk,¡\ L=kh 'kfDr fo'ks"kkad ds ifjizs{; esa tc eq>s L=kh if=kdkvksa dks [kaxkyus dk VkLd feyk eSa nqfo/kk esa iM+ xbZA nqfo/kk ;g fd eSaus rks tkus dc ls bu if=kdkvksa dh vksj >kaduk gh can dj fn;k FkkA nqfo/kk ds lkFk vk'p;Z Hkh gqvk fd ,slk dc] D;ksa vkSj dSls gks x;k\ bu if=kdkvksa dks dHkh eSaus viuk lkFkh ekukA ftuls cM+k jkxkRed laca/k jgkA vkt muls fcYdqy foeq[k\ ;fn ;s L=kh if=kdk;sa gSa rks D;k vc eSa L=kh ugha jghA vFkok os ml ifjf/k ls ckgj gks xbZ gSa\ tkfgj gS] ,slk dksbZ myVQsj rks gqvk ugha gSA fQj dkj.k D;k gS\ pfy, fQygky bl iz'u dks ;gha fojke nsrs gSa vkSj igys ,d utj Mkyrs gSa dqN [kkl L=kh if=kdkvksa ds uohure vadksa ijA vkdyu ckn esaA D;ksa jksrk gS cPpk] D;k j[ksa jlksbZ ?kj esa] lej C;wVh VªSaM 2015] vfu;ksftr xHkZ fucVsa ,sls] ek¡ cuuk rks lEeku dh ckr gS& daxuk jk.kkor] ;ksa gh ugha jksrk cPpk] idoku] NksVh&NksVh rkjhQsa cM+s&cM+s Qk;nsA vxj ijs'kku djs tka?kksa dk QSV] vkWQ 'kksYMj Mªsl ls yxsa fcankl] v#.kk 'kkuckx Hkkoukghu thou dk var] vis{kk nq[k dkj.k rks ugha] tSlh dk;k pkfg, oSlh ikb;s] LdkQZ LVkby] nkaiR; dk nq'eu beks'kuy vQs;j] Qwy Hkh dkaVsa Hkh] fogaxe]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

59 lekpkj n'kZu] lkSUn;Z leL;k,¡] LokLF; lqy>u] O;fDrxr leL;k,¡] e.Mi ds uhps] ckr tks fny dks Nw xbZ] c<+rs cPpksa dh ijofj'k pqukSrh ugha vklku] tc tkuk gks jsLVksjsaV NksVs cPpksa ds lkFk] vkidk cPpk cqfyax dk f'kdkj rks ugha] cPps dks j[krk] LoLFk ek¡ dk nw/k] vk;k ekSle eLr vnkvksa dk] dFkk lkfgR; ¼la;ksfxrk iqjk.k½] 16osa lky dh dkjxqtkfj;k¡] ekSu fuea=k.kA1 bu ckWDl ¼i=k½] vkbfM;kt] vklku gqbZ 'kknh dh rS;kjh] vkdfLed lsDl] csgrjhu Øwt ij i;ZVu] Lokfn"V vkSj lsgrean lykn] fdpu esa iq#"k] gk¡] ge ,sls gh gSa] fotsrk lehdj.k] QS'ku] D;k xM+cM+h gS lans'k okgdksa ds lkFk] vufyfeVsM euksjatu] yach ikjh ds fy, rS;kj] mEehn dh fdj.k] gjQuekSyk vfHkusrk] Hkkjrh; ifjokjksa esa lekurk dh nLrd] I;kj] tquwu vkSj ikxyiu] eankfduh fooknksa dh pgsrh] lkglh MkWDVj] dgkuh ¼flQZ vglkl gS ;s½] iki dh csVh] fjO;w ¼fdrkc] Vsyhfotu 'kks vkfn ds½] deky ds vkfQl ,sIl] jgu&lgu] lSj likVk] eqykdkrA2 ekulwu QS'ku] VªSaM~l] ekulwu fLdu ds;j fVIl] ekulwu esdvi] QkLV VªSd ij Lyks gksrh ftanxh] feykoV dk c<+rk cktkj] D;k vki Hkh ,ythZ ls ijs'kku gSa] fdu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lsDl u djsa] fjys'kuf'ki gsYi ykbu] fj'rkas dks [kwclwjr cuk, j[kus dh jsfliht] cPpkas dks fl[kk,a f'k"Vkpkj] D;k vki yksu ys jgs gSa\ dSfj;j dh 'kq#vkr esa cpsa bu xyfr;ksa ls] dgkuh ¼vfXuijh{kk] vfHkus=kh dk ifr] gkbVsd tujs'ku] mRlo eukvks½ QS'ku] js'keh Qqgkjs] ijEijk] csfelky] fQYe LraHk ¼igyk vQs;j] jkf'kQy] ukjh LokLF;] lsDl izkWCye] nknh ek¡ dk [ktkuk] vkidh utj] U;w izksMDV~l½A3 LraHk ¼xsLV ,MhVj iksLV cSx] dfork] gsYFk U;wt] isjsafVax U;wt] oqeu U;wt] VªSoy U;wt] glr&g¡lkbZ½] ykbV~l dSejk] QS'ku] ,sls cu xbZ fel bafM;k] cqLV ;ksj ckWMh bE;wu] ekulwu osfMax] ekulwu esa cusa LekVZ gkseesdj] jsfliht] dFkk lkxj ¼lkr Qsjksa dh pqHku] fuEeksa] eSa dqN ugha dj ldrh] ek¡ gh nks"kh D;ksa\½ baVhfj;j] ykbQ LVkby] Tosyjh] gsYFk] esdvi] Qslcqd ds Qsd Ýs.M~l] LekVZ LVMh ,i] fny rks cPpk gS th] dqN lquk gS D;k\ ,MYV U;wt] vksoj izksMfDVo] glcSaM] izhr esa efj;ks u dks;] eEeh ikik dk I;kj] fjtsD'ku ftUnxh thuk fl[kkrk gS] isjsfUVax] ckWyhoqM] VªSoyA4 csM Vkbe LVksjht] ?kj dh Fkkyh] ?kjsyw uqL[ks] tk;dk] lkfgR; ¼gkml uacj 302] QSlyk] ykSV vkvks f'kf'kj ,oa dfork,¡½] lkSUn;Z] LokLF;@fQVusl ¼jfuax :Yl½ esaLVqvy gk;thu] euksfoKku ¼eq>eas gh gS esjh nqfu;k½ csfj;kfVªd ltZjh]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

lsgr ij Hkkjh thal] vCLVªfDVo Lyhi ,fIu;k esuksikWt% tc >Vds ls ckj&ckj [kqys uhan] QS'ku] l[kh bu ckWDl ¼i=k dkWye½ dy vkSj vkt] gsYFk okp] dkuwu] LekVZ isjsafVax] l[kh dk lkSUn;Z] O;fDrxr leL;k;sa] eu dh xkBsa] l[kh jsfliht izfr;ksfxrk] dqN rks yksx dgsaxs] lqusa er xqusa] vkLFkk] nqfu;k bu fnuksa] dqN dgrs gSa flrkjs] O;fDrRo] gelQj] ys[k&Qhpj ¼lkekftd O;ogkj½ iM+kslh dSls&dSls] dSail ls&ryk'k ,d vnn :e dh] nkaiR; I;kj esa vljq{kk dSlh] lkt laHkky& utj u yxs dEI;wVj dks] NksVh&NksVh ckrsa] LoLFk jgsa ckfj'k dk yqRQ ysa] felky& va/ksjs esa mEehn dh fdj.k] laca/k tqM+sxk fj'rk /khjs&/khjs] fj'rs ukrs& de gksrs Qklys] t:jh tkudkjh] vk¡[kksa dk lqj{kk pØ] ;wFk izkWCye] ekWe esjh ftanxh esa dksbZ gS] ihih,Q&Qk;nsean vkSj lqjf{kr fuos'k] fØ;sfVOg QaMk] iUuksa ij fi?kyrk rduhd dk fny] vPNk yxrk gS rhljk csVk] fdM~l dkuZj] dfj;j] ijofj'k] baVhfj;j] i;ZVu] lrdZrk] fQYe ,sls cuh] v/;kReA5 fofo/k ¼Qy dk Qk;nk] usdihl lysD'ku] cM+h vEek dh lykg] 20 LekVZ vkbfM;k LekVZ ykbQ] chek o lqj{kk ;kstuk;sa½] [kkl ¼Øhe ikmMj] dye] fcx baVjO;w% fV~oady [kUuk fj;y LVkj½ lkSUn;Z] LokLF; ¼L=kh LokLF;] lsYQ esMhds'ku ls rkSck½] O;atu] ;ax ekWe Lis'ky ¼;ax ekWe xkbM] csch dh QLVZ ckbV] ;x ekWe ijQsDV ykbQ] ;ax ekWe dk esdvksoj] csgrj gS czsLV QhfMax] lks jgk gS ykMyk] rdyhQsa Nwearj] cPps dks rst cq[kkj] D;ksa Mjrs gSa csch] iksVh Vªsfuax] nkEiR; ¼fyo bu cuke naifr] eksgCcr txkus ds ea=k½] QS'ku] dgkuh ¼vFkZ&vuFkZ] esjh lquank] ihgj NwVks tk;] fny us dgk½] fQYe] vkids [kr] u;h nLrd ¼xaxk dle& eS=ks;h iq"ik½] x`gLFk czãpkjh ¼lsDlksykbftLV] izdk'k dksBkjh ls iz'uksÙkjh dkWye½] eu dh my>u ¼dkmfUlfyax lkbDyksftLV ls lykg@iz'uksÙkj½] C;wVh fVIl] lukru pSysat ¼'kknh vkSj lsDl ij fparu½] y?kq dFkk;sa] ekdZsV eap] Hkfo";Qy] Bgkdk ,Dlizsl] ewoh eSftd] chek o lqj{kk ;kstuk;sa] dfork;sa ¼csfV;k¡] ckfj'k] bu fnuksa½ cM+h vEek dh lykgA6 fpëh vkbZ gS] lekt ds lkFk viusiu] I;kj vkSj lekt dks rjlrs fdUuj] onhZ okyh efgykvksa dh vuns[kh] laca/kksa ij tklwlksa dh utj] laLdkjksa dh Mksj ls ca/kk jgs gj ifjokj] dgkuh ¼vxj rqe u gksrs] ixyk xbZ gS Hkxorh] Hkjok¡ cSaxu dk lkfgR; esa ;ksxnku ¼O;aX;½½] gk; eSa 'keZ ls yky gqbZ ¼LraHk½] ek;dk gh ek;dk] euksjatu] QS'ku dk tyok] vkHkw"k.k] ltsa& dqN bl rjg] izksMDV fjO;w] QS'ku] fdpu ,Iykbalst Lis'ky] x`gy{eh dkWUVsLV]

60 njvly ftu if=kdkvksa dks ge L=kh if=kdk dgrs gSa os L=kh dk iw.kZ i{k vfHkO;Dr djus eas vkt pwd jgh gSaA ns[kdj rks ;gh yxrk gS fd mlds n`f"ViFk ij flQZ vkSj flQZ ogh fL=k;k¡ gSa tks x`fg.kh ek=k gSaA fdarq ;gk¡ iz'u rks mudh rjQ ls Hkh gS] tks x`gf.k;k¡ gSaA O;atu] LokLF;] nnZ&,&nok ¼'kkjhfjd&ekufld LokLF; lEcU/kh iz'uksÙkj½] ltk,¡ vkf'k;kuk] ckWyhoqM] ge fdlh ls de ugha] ckyeu] eerk dk Li'kZ] pgy&igy ¼lekpkj½] gky&,&cktkj ¼izksMDV~l dh lwpuk,¡½] dSls yk,¡ cq>s psgjs ij eqLdku] ek¡ cuke lklw ek¡] cuk,¡ vklku vkSj vljnkj gkseesM Dyhuj] D;k dgrs gSa rkjs] lksuh lair] ukjh ds loky vukM+h ds tokc ¼v'kksd pØ/kj ls iz'uksÙkj dk dkWye½7 ,d nwts ds gelQj] ekdZsV gypy] VªSoy tjk gVds Lis'ky] Nqfê;ksa dk lnqi;ksx] xzsV ckWfUMax fon uks Qk;j dqfdax] eLrh Hkh bUde Hkh] xkMZfuax] tc ?kj esa ctkuk gks ewoh fFk;sVj] fDot] MkWDVj dh lykg ¼fjys'kuf'ki] xkbuh Q &A½] buQksdl] ftUnxh dk gj iy ljizkbftax gS] jsxqylZ ¼VkWi xStsV~l] dgkuh] esjk vuks[kk izseh] O;aX;] e>/kkj% izsetky] esjk igyk izse i=k] dfork,¡] fdM~l vkWu VkWi] ewoh Vhoh V'ku] D;k dgrs gSa flrkjs] VkWi gypy] Miracle of Tarot cards½] oDr gekjk gS] QS'ku VªSaM~l] VsLVh O;atu] VkWi C;wVh] Mk;jsDV MkWDVj ls ¼yw dh pisV esa vki Hkh u tk,¡] izsXusalh ds nkSjku VªSoy] fdM~l Q & A] osyusl] vke ds vke xqBfy;ksa ds nke] dfj;j] isV~l ds;j] okLrq] igy] euh ,Mokbt] ,d eqykdkr] lEiknd ds uke i=kA8 jsX;qyj dkWyEl ¼bu ckWDl] foaMks 'kkWfiax] eaFku] FkksM+k&lk :ekuh gks tk,¡] igy] baVhfj;j xq#] cksys rkjs] thus dh dyk½] esUl dkWuZj ¼iq#"kksa ds 10 Mj½] euh eSustesaV] VªSaMh izksMDV~l] fØ,fVOgl dqfdax] gsYnh fjys'kuf'ki ¼lsDl ls tqM+s 20+ fnypLi QSDV~l] fjys'kuf'ki xq#% ns ldrs gSa lgh lykg½] MsdksjsfVOgl vkVZ] vkbfM;y gkse esdj] LekVZ dfj;j] LVkby viMsV] esdvksoj ea=k] ijofj'k] fVfQu] vkbfM;kt] QknlZ Ms Lis'ky] LVksjh Vkbe] VªSoy xkbM] Mªhe gkse] XySej oYMZA9 C;wVh] fQVusl] fofo/k ¼C;wVh ctV] nsa liuksa dks mM+ku] eSal xzwfeax fdV] j[ksa ;s C;wVh izksMDV] lSywu Lik okLrq½] gs;j C;wVh] LraHk ¼lkSUn;Z izlk/ku] lSywu QuhZpj] jkf'kQy] lp D;k gS] C;wVh ,lsljht] gekjs 'kgj esa] U;w C;wVh izksMDV~l] [kwclwjr yksx] [kwclwjr ckrsa] lkSUn;Z lekpkj] tksDl½] Mkd ls] esdviA10

Ideas (fab food finds inside scoop, belly crawl kolkata cravings, Travel to-dos not without my baby), Fashion, The big story (All hail the new queens, I want to be the voice of India, its good to be jack of all trades, its not just about beauty, winners all the way, swissmiss special, mix & match (Femina event the making of a DIVA, Style watch of the moment, on the shooping list, Beauty, Exclusives (investigation kids at work, man dwe love. I dont's want to show a cliched India) in every issue (Editor's .................., Tombstone, Alive, What's on 11 feminain, Inbox, beauty mandate.

A move towards a gender sensitive media. swaraj samvad to keep the march on: Yogendra Yadav, Why good girls fall for bad guys? Tatting tongues, Losses, open a dialogue, hair care, child and sexual crime, Ostoosarcoma, eat only greens, TN Govt. Shuns the needs of buildess, Pristine art, Cookery, fashion, Reader's Contests, Your Body, Beauty queries, Personal problems, my family y friends and me, suffering from an existential dilemma, poem, kitchen 12 queries, Money matters, Classified.

Shades 'N' tresses, beauty notes, face to face, style sense, His voice, Nutrition, Health file, Jobsmart, Busy Body, Bohemian, Features (Life lessons to excel in your 30s, 40s, 50s, How fantasy can ruin your sex life, the rise of the metro sexual single, dad, pamper your pets this monsoon, slim 'N" trim, Your attention please, fiction), Photo features, In VOGUE Hey beach baby, Interiors, Potluck, Your problems solved, regulars (Beauty buys, mass street, fashion, club rooms, Miss fix it, Bed lime stories, maniman form, corporate affairs, Mindbend, What to do when, clam sutras, Mommynoonics, Takeaway, off the shelf, Leisure, 13 Events, Shopping guide, coffee table, NW FAVE5'

;ksa rks fun'kZu ds fy, irhyh esa [kncnk jgk pkoy dk ,d nkuk dkQh gksrk gS] ij vU;k; D;ksa gks\ L=kh if=kdkvksa ds uohure vad ds iwjs 13 mnkgj.k vkids le{k gSA D;k fy[kk tk jgk gS buesa] vki Lor% vkdyu dj ldrs gSaA lkjh if=kdk;sa deksos'k ogh doj dj jgh gS] ftuls L=kh lalkj dk okLrk gSA gksuk Hkh pkfg,A budk mn~xe Hkh rks blhfy;s gh gqvk Fkk fd L=kh dks viuk lPpk lkFkh feysA mís';iwfrZ Hkh gqbZA fdUrq vk'p;Z ;g ns[kdj gksrk gS fd tc xSj L=kh if=kdkvksa ds lkFk reke eqfnzr

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

61 lalkj le; ds lkFk pyus dh dksf'k'k dj jgk gS] L=kh if=kdk D;ksa ughaA Lo;a L=kh us izxfr dh vksj dne c<+k, gSaA dkQh vkxs pyh xbZ gSaA ,sls esa mldh l[kh ds iSj D;ksa fBBds gq, gSaA pedhys] fLuX/k] XySejl vkoj.k i`"B ds lkFk Hkhrj iUus Hkh vkd"kZd gSa] tks rduhdh ds deky gSa vU;Fkk izLrqr gks jgs fo"k;ksa esa D;k varj gSA vkjafHkd if=kdk dk dksbZ Hkh vad ;fn frfFk cnydj iqu% izdkf'kr dj fn;k tk, rks ,dckjxh igpku ikuk eqf'dy gksxk fd ;g fiNyh lnh dh if=kdk gS vFkok vkt dhA cksry ogh] 'kjkc oghA ogh ?kj ckj] fdpu] Mªkbax:e] cSM:e] ckx&cxhps] ifr] cky&cPps] futh LokLF;] lkSUn;Z] QS'ku] fQYe] tksDl] xkWfil] Hkfo";Qy] fj'rs&ukrs] my>u&lqy>u vkfn bR;kfnA dqN fxuh&pquh if=kdk,¡ gSa ftuesa ubZ vkSjr dk vDl >k¡drk gSA og Hkh csgn datwlh ds lkFkA L=kh&if=kdkvksa dh :f<+okfnrk] ladqfpr n`f"Vdks.k vkSj nsgjh ds Hkhrj fleVs jgus dh ftn us L=kh ds cMs+ ?kM+s dks buls nwj dj fn;kA Vsyhfotu vkSj euksjatu txr gh nks"kh ugha gS fd L=kh&if=kdkvksa dh ikfBdkvksa us buls eq¡g eksM+k gSA nks"k bu if=kdkvksa dk Hkh gSA nks"k ;g fd L=kh dh if=kdk gksus dk nkok djrh ;s if=kdk;sa L=kh thou dks eap rks ns jgh gS] ij ;g eap cgqr ttZj gS] iqjkuk gS bls iqufuZekZ.k dh vko';drk gSSA Hkkjr fiNM+k ns'k Fkk vkt fodkl'khy ns'k gSA ;gk¡ dh fL=k;k¡ Hkh rsth ls fodkl dj jgh gSaA cgqla[;k fL=k;k¡ pkjnhokjh ls ckgj vk pqdh gaS] vk jgh gSa] muds fy, flQZ vpkj&cM+h&ikiM+] ifr] cPps] ?kj&vkaxu gh vFkZoku ugha gSaA lksfu;k xka/kh] t;yfyrk] eerk cSuthZ] ek;korh] lq"kek Lojkt] olqU/kjk jkts] v:a/kfr Hkêkpk;Z] bfUnjk uwbZ] pank dkspj] dYiuk pkoyk] lquhrk fofy;El] fdj.k csnh] esjhdkWe ls ysdj ,d efgyk vkWVks pkyd rd] buds fy, D;k flQZ cuko&J`axkj ;k jslhiht gh lgk;d gksaxsA vkt dk L=kh lalkj flQZ ikfjokfjd gh ugha] jktuhfrd] lkekftd] vkfFkZd] oSKkfud] iz'kklfud] 'kS{kf.kd] vk/;kfRed vkfn leLr cgqvk;keh {ks=kksa dks Nwrk gSA muds thou L=kh if=kdkvksa dh utj ls vks>y D;ksa gSa\ njvly ftu if=kdkvksa dks ge L=kh if=kdk dgrs gSa os L=kh dk iw.kZ i{k vfHkO;Dr djus eas vkt pwd jgh gSaA ns[kdj rks ;gh yxrk gS fd mlds n`f"ViFk ij flQZ vkSj flQZ ogh fL=k;k¡ gSa tks x`fg.kh ek=k gSaA fdarq ;gk¡ iz'u rks mudh rjQ ls Hkh gS] tks x`gf.k;k¡ gSaA ,slh fL=k;k¡ tks dkedkth ugha gS] ?kjsyw gSa] gkmlokbZQ gSa] mudh nqfu;k Hkh bruh fleVh gqbZ rks ugha gS] ftruh bu if=kdkvksa us lesV j[kh gSaA cfYd dbZ ckj x`fgf.k;k¡ dkedkth fL=k;ksa ij chl iM+rh gSaA vius vuqHko] Kku] ltxrk o

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

vk/kqfudrk ds vk/kkj ijA lqf'kf{krkvksa ds fy, flykbZ] d<+kbZ] cqukbZ gh ^vPNh L=kh* dh rqyuk ugha jg xbZ gSA mUgsa Hkh [kqyh f[kM+dh pkfg,A os Hkh vkdk'k ns[krh gSa] mUgsa Hkh ns'k&nqfu;k dh fpark gSA L=kh if=kdkvksa esa laiknd dh dye Fkke jgh ukephu fL=k;ksa elyu gsek ekfyuh] uhye uank] izxfr xqIrk] efj;e ekDeu esF;q] rcLlqe] lqjfHk vkuan] lk/kuk ikgok] rkU;k pSrU;k vkfn ls iz'u gS fd D;k os Lo;a bu if=kdkvksa ds ckotwn ekStwnk QkeZsV ls larq"V gSaA D;k mudh O;fDrxr :fp;ksa dks ;gk¡ r`fIr feyrh gSA ;gk¡ rd fd ^New Women* uke ls izdkf'kr gks jgh L=kh if=kdk Hkh uohurk ds uke ij D;k ijksl jgh gSA nksgjkus dh vko';drk ughaA ¼ns[ksa Øekad 13 esa mYysf[kr fcanqvksa dh vksj½ varr% vkdyu ds lkFk dFku dh ps"Vk ;g fd eSa vkt dh L=kh if=kdkvksa dks oLrqr% [kkfjt ugha dj jghA budh mifLFkfr fL=k;ksa ds fy, vkt Hkh vge gSA Hkkjrh; ifjn`'; esa fodkl ds ckotwn L=kh dh ihM+k,¡] mldh futrk] mlds O;fDrxr iz'u vkSj ?kj&ifjokj dh ftEesnkjh] tl dh rl gSA if=kdk mudh ennxkj vkt Hkh gS fdarq ckr ugha( FkksM+k gS FkksM+s dh vkSj t:jr gSA cnyrs nkSj] cnyrh L=kh ds lkFk mldh lafxuh dks Hkh cnyuk pkfg,A cnyko bruk rks gks fd if=kdk vk/kh&v/kwjh u yxs( og ;fn L=kh lalkj dk izfrfuf/kRo djrh gS rks iw.kZ ^vk/kh vkcknh* dk djsA vk/kh vkcknh dks Hkh vk/kk djds] mldk fjizstsUVs'ku D;ksa\ bl vksj lkspus dh vko';drk gS! lanHkZ 1- x`g'kksHkk] twu ¼f}rh;½] 2015 2- Qsfeuk] twu] 2015 3- esjh lgsyh] tqykbZ] 2015 4- esjh ltuh] tqykbZ] 2015 5- tkxj.k l[kh] tqykbZ] 2015 6- ouhrk] tqykbZ] 2015 7- x`gy{eh] tqykbZ] 2015 8- oqeu vkWu VkWi] twu] 2015 9- gkse esdj] twu] 2015 10- lquank] tqykbZ] 2015 11- Femina, twu 16] 2015 12- Women's Era, twu ¼II½] 2015 13- New Women, twu] 2015 ysf[kdk 'kkldh; NÙkhlx<+ egkfo|ky;] jk;iqj esa fganh dh izk/;kid gSa rFkk ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* ds laiknd eaMy dh lnL; gSaA

62

vkoj.k dFkk-7 lat; dqekj

vkbZus esa nsf[k;s viuk Hkh psgjk loky ;g gS fd ehfM;k esa ,sls gkykr D;ksa iSnk gksrs tk jgs gSa fd bl is'ks ls tqM+s yksxksa dks tku nsus dh ukScr rd vk x;h gSA njvly i=kdkfjrk dh nqfu;k ckgj ls ftruh [kwclwjr] HkO; vkSj XySejl fn[krh gS vUnj ls mruh gh cnjax gSA [kklrkSj ls Vhoh i=kdkjksa dh rks csgn cqjh gkyr gSA dk efgyk isze mtkxj gks pqdk gS ;kuh ehfM;k ds eh fM;k eBk/kh'kksa }kjk ehfM;k gkml esa efgyk i=kdkjksa ds lkFk 'kks"k.k dh ckr vc vke gks pyh gS vkSj bls vke fd;k gS lks'ky ehfM;k usA ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds izos'k ds uke ij 'kks"k.k dh dgkfu;ka lks'ky ehfM;k ds vkus ds ckn lqukbZ tksj 'kksj ls iM+us yxh gSA oSlh efgyk i=kdkj tks gj gky esa txg ikuk pkgrh gSA os ehfM;k ds eBk/kh'kksa ds pqxay esa vklkuh ls vk tkrh gSaA ogha] [kkfe;ktk oSlh efgyk i=kdkjksa dks mBkuk iM+rk gS tks vius ne ij vkrh gSaA ehfM;k eBk/kh'k vius >kals esa ysus dh iqjtksj dksf'k'k djrs gSa vkSj r#.k rstiky tSlksa dh dgkuh nqgjkbZ tkrh gSA gkykr ;g gS fd ehfM;k ds efgyk isze dh pisV esa dbZ rstikyksa dh iksy [kqyrh gh tk jgh gSA lcls cM+k loky ;g gS fd ehfM;k esa D;ksa gks jgk gS ;kSu 'kks"k.k\ ehfM;k ij dkfct iq#"k lÙkk] efgykvksa dks ehfM;k gkml esa txg nsus esa izkfnZ'krk ugha cjruk gSA tqxkM+ ;k fQj laqnjrk dk iSekuk L=kh foe'kZ ij loky [kM+k dj tkrk gSA ehfM;k esa txg fnyokus ds ,ot esa ;k fQj dk;Z ds nkSjku viuh efgyk lgdfeZ;ksa dks izrkfM+r dj ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds tky esa Qalk;k tkuk vke gks x;k gSA badkj djus ij ckgj dk jkLrk fn[kk fn;k tkrk gSA gkykafd ekeyk dk [kqyklk gksus ls dbZ iq#"k i=kdkjksa dks ukSdjh ls gkFk Hkh /kksuk iM+k gSA futh ehfM;k ds lkFk gh lkFk ljdkjh ehfM;k esa Hkh ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds NhaVs iM+s gSaA nwjn'kZu vkSj vkWy bafM;k jsfM;ks esa dke dj jgh efgykdfeZ;ksa dh f'kdk;rksa dh xawt lwpuk ,oa izlkj.k ea=kky; gksrs v[kckjksa rd igqaphA ehfM;k esa ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds ?ksjs esa NksVs cM+s lHkh i=kdkj vk;s gSaA 'kks"k.k djus vkSj gksus okyksa esa nksuksa igyw xokg cus gSaA ;gak uke fxukus dh t:jr ugha gSA loky gS vkf[kj D;ksa\ rks ekeyk ehfM;k dk pdkpkSa/k dk gS ;k fQj dSfj;j dk ;k efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh dk de gksuk\ iq#"koknh lekt ds

izHkqRo dk [kkfe;ktk efgykvksa dks gh Hkqxruk iM+rk gS D;ksafd efgyk,a Hkh ehfM;k esa vkus ds ckn dSfj;j ds izfr fpafrr gksrh gSa vkSj ,d ckj f'kdkj gksrh gS rks ckj ckj ?ksjus dh dksf'k'k iq#"k izHkqRo djrk gSA ehfM;k ds jk"Vªh; losZ ls irk pyrk gS fd jk"Vªh; ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh 17 izfr'kr gS] vaxzsth ehfM;k esa vis{kkd`r efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh Bhd gS] tcfd vaxzsth bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k esa budh Hkkxhnkjh larks"ktud gSA vxj ehfM;k gkml esa efgyk i=kdkjksa dh Hkkxhnkjh iq#"kksa ds cjkcj gks tk;s vkSj f'k[kj ij efgyk dkfct gks rks ;kSu 'kks"k.k ij vadq'k yx ldrk gSA ehfM;k ds ped ned ls ;qofr;ka f[kaph pyh vkrh gSaA vkSj gj gky esa txg ikus dh gksM+ mUgsa ;kSu 'kks"k.k dh vksj /kdsy nsrk gSA ogha dSfj;j dh Hkh yyd gksrh gS tks L=kh vf/kdkj ds fy, tk;t gSA efgykvksa dks Hkh ehfM;k ykbu esa vkuk pkfg;sA vk Hkh jgh gS ysfdu tkfr o tqxkM+ ra=k ls izos'k ikus okyh efgykvksa ls mu efgykvksa dks [krjk gS tks lgh ek;us esa ,d i=kdkj dh Hkwfedk esa dqN djus dh yyd ds lkFk vkrh gSA tcfd nwljh /kkjk dh ;kuh QS'ku&iS'ku&tkfr&tqxkM+ ds rgr vkus okyh efgykvksa ls fLFkfr;ka cnjax gks tkrh gS vkSj loky ds ?ksjs esa lc dqN vkus yxrk gSA blesa ljdkjh o xSj ljdkjh nksuksa ehfM;k 'kkfey gSA tkfr dke ugha vk;h rks tqxkM+&iSjoh dks lh<+h cuk fy;k tkrk gSA bls ysdj ppsZ Hkh gksrs gSaA ehfM;k ds efgyk isze ls mRiUu loky L=kh foe'kZ vkanksyu ls ekQh pkgrk gSA gkykr ;g gS fd ehfM;k esa efgyk isze dh ?kVuk ls efgyk,a bl {ks=k esa vkus ls drjkus yxh gSa rks ogha vfHkHkkod Hkh nwljs {ks=k esa Hkstus dh lykg nsrs gSaA ogha bl nyny esa ,d ckj tks Qal tkrh gS mlds fy, fudy ikuk eqf'dy lk gks tkrk gSA dbZ thoar mnkgj.k gSaA ,slh efgyk i=kdkj dks ysdj

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

63 ehfM;k esa QqlQqlkgV o lqxcqxkgV gksus yxrh gSA ckr ,d 'kgj ds ,d ehfM;k gkml dh gSA ,d NksVs ls dLcs ls vk;h ;qorh us ehfM;k gkÅlksa dk pDdj yxk;kA fdlh rjg mls ,d txg dke feyk rks dqN gh fnuksa esa mlds ckWl ds djhch gksus dks ysdj ppkZ vke gks x;hA ,slk ugha fd lHkh ehfM;k gkml vkSj lHkh iq#"k o efgyk i=kdkj ,d tSls gksrs gksA ;kSu 'kks"k.k ls tqM+s T;knkrj ekeys lsVsykbV pSuyksa ls gaSA Vhoh ij vkus dh yyd ;k dSfj;j ds fy, ehfM;k esa vkus okyh efgyk i=kdkjksa dks FkksM+h nsj ds fy, foo'k rks cuk;k tk ldrk gSA ysfdu dbZ ekeyksa esa dgkuh dqN vkSj gksrh gSA iq#"k lh<+h curs gS rks ogha ikoj ds bLrseky ls efgyk,a tgak vkxs vkrh gS ogha tks lgh ek;us esa ehfM;k dks dSfj;j cukus okyh efgyk i=kdkjksa dks la?k"kZ djuk iM+rk gSA efgyk i=kdkj f'kdk;r djuk pkgrh gS rks mls jksdk tkrk gS lkFk gh efgyk lgdehZ mls ,slk djus ls jksdrh Hkh gSA i=kdkfjrk txr esa ;kSu fgalk ;k 'kks"k.k ds ekeys ij chchlh dk lkHkkj ysdj vk/kh vkcknh us vius osclkbV ij 26 uoacj] 2013 dks ;g iksLV izdkf'kr fd;k tks gdhdr c;ka djrh gSA -----^iwjh nqfu;k ls loky iwNus okys] cjkcjh vkSj lp dh yM+kbZ yM+us okys i=kdkj] ftuds dke dh vki cgqr bTtr djrs gSa] tc muesa ls gh dksbZ viuh efgyk lgdfeZ;ksa ds lkFk nqO;Zogkj djs rks ;s cgqr nq[knk;h vkSj fujk'kktud gksrk gSA vius vuqHkoksa dks chchlh ls lk>k djrs gq, i=kdkj #fDe.kh lsu dgrh gSa fd fdlh ehfM;k laLFkk esa rkdroj in ij igqapus ds ckn dksbZ iq#"k vxj vius fl)karksa dks rkd ij j[k ns rks ;s efgykvksa dks cgqr grksRlkfgr djrk gSA 18 lky ls i=kdkfjrk dj jgha #fDe.kh ds eqrkfcd tc viuh ukSdjh dks rkd ij j[kdj dksbZ efgyk vius ls ofj"B lgdehZ ds f[kykQ f'kdk;r djus dh fgEer tqVkrh Hkh gS] rks ml oä T;knkrj iq#"k lgdehZ muds lkFk ugha [kM+s gksrs gSaA rks D;k yksdra=k dk pkSFkk LraHk ekus tkus okys i=kdkfjrk txr esa ;kSu fgalk ;k 'kks"k.k ds ekeys mrus gh vke gSa ftrus vkSj {ks=kksa esa\ fiNys dqN eghuksa esa dke dh txg ij ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds dbZ ekeys lkeus vk, tSls nwjn'kZu vkSj vkWy bafM;k jsfM;ks esa dke dj jgh efgykdfeZ;ksa dh f'kdk;r] lu Vhoh dh ,d efgykdehZ ,l vfdyk dk ekeyk vkSj vc rgydk if=kdk ds laiknd r#.k rstiky ds f[kykQ ;kSu fgalk dh f'kdk;rA chchlh ls ckrphr esa ,l vfdyk us crk;k fd lu Vhoh esa dke djrs gq, tc muds lhfu;j us muls v'yhy ckrsa djuh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

'kq: dha rks dbZ efgyk lgdfeZ;ksa us gh mUgsa f'kdk;r djus ls euk fd;kA vfdyk us dgk] n¶rj esa oks 'k[l ,sls crkZo dbZ efgykvksa ds lkFk lkyksa ls djrs vk jgs Fks] ysfdu ukSdjh pys tkus ds Mj ls fdlh us f'kdk;r ugha dh] eq>s Hkh lcus euk fd;k] ysfdu esjs fy, ;s djuk t:jh FkkA vfdyk dh f'kdk;r ds ckn ,d vU; ekeys esa vuq'kklukRed dkjZokbZ ds rgr mUgsa lLisaM dj fn;k x;kA ij vfdyk ds eqrkfcd ;s mudh f'kdk;r dh otg ls fd;k x;kA mudh f'kdk;r ds ckn lqizhe dksVZ }kjk tkjh fd, x, fn'kk funsZ'k ds rgr ,d f'kdk;r desVh dk xBu Hkh gqvk] ysfdu QSlyk muds gd esa ugha vk;kA nks eghus igys lfefr us viuh fjiksVZ esa dgk fd vfdyk us ftu /kefd;ka vkSj v'yhy ckrksa ds vkjksi yxk, gSa] oks Qksu ij fn, x, ;kuh oks dk;ZLFky ij ugha gq, blfy, mu ij dksbZ dkjZokbZ ugha dh tk ldrhA vfdyk vc ukSdjh dh ryk'k esa gSaA ;s t:j gS fd ftl 'k[l ds f[kykQ mUgksaus f'kdk;r dh] mUgksaus vc lu Vhoh ls bLrhQk ns fn;k gSA f'kdk;r ds ckn Hkh izrkM+uk] Hkkjr esa dke dj jgh efgyk i=kdkjksa ds laxBu ^usVodZ QkWj oqesu bu ehfM;k bu bafM;k* dh jk"Vªh; la;kstd vkSj i=kdkj y{eh ewfrZ ekurh gSa fd i=kdkj gksus dh otg ls efgyk,a viuh ckr dgus esa T;knk l{ke eglwl djrh gSa] ysfdu mudh f'kdk;r ij dSlk vey gksxk bldk vuqHko cgqr vPNk ugha jgk gSA lqizhe dksVZ }kjk tkjh fd, x, fn'kk&funsZ'kksa ds rgr dk;ZLFky ij ;kSu 'kks"k.k dh f'kdk;r fd, tkus ij laLFkk dh ftEesnkjh gS fd oks ,d f'kdk;r desVh dk xBu djs ftldh v/;{krk ,d efgyk djs] mldh vk/kh ls T;knk lnL; efgyk,a gksa vkSj mlesa ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds eqís ij dke dj jgh fdlh ckgjh xSj&ljdkjh laLFkk dh ,d izfrfuf/k Hkh 'kkfey gksA chchlh ls ckrphr esa y{eh us dgk] ;kSu 'kks"k.k ij lqizhe dksVZ ds fn'kk&funsZ'k vkSj vc dkuwu cuuk efgyk vkanksyu dh ,d cM+h lQyrk gS] ysfdu vc Hkh 80&90 Qhlnh ehfM;k n¶rjksa esa f'kdk;r desfV;ka ugha cukbZ xbZ gSa vkSj uk gh muds lnL; lgh rjhds ls fu;qä fd, tkrs gSaA y{eh ds eqrkfcd f'kdk;r ds ckn Hkh efgykvksa ls gh loky iwNs tkrs gSa] mudh lPpkbZ ij 'kd fd;k tkrk gS vkSj mUgsa ,d fnDdr iSnk djus okyh deZpkjh ekuk tkus yxrk gS ftldh otg ls mUgsa dke ds dbZ vPNs ekSdksa ls eg:e fd;k tkrk gSA Hkkjr ljdkj us blh lky dk;ZLFky ij ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds f[kykQ ,d dkuwu ikfjr fd;kA blds rgr dk;ZLFky dh

64 ifjHkk"kk flQZ n¶rj rd lhfer ugha j[kh xbZ gS vkSj blesa vlaxfBr {ks=k esa dke dj jgh efgykvksa dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA u, dkuwu dk ikyu uk djus ij daiuh ds ekfyd dks 50]000 #i, rd dk tqekZuk Hkh nsuk iM+ ldrk gSA lkHkkj& chchlh fganhA vfdyk] y{eh dh dgkuh dk nksgjko tkjh gSA 7 tqykbZ 2014 dks HkM+kl4ehfM;k ij izdkf'kr ofj"B i=kdkj lanhi Bkdqj dk vkys[k pkSadkrk gSA ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds lkFk gksrs ;kSu 'kks"k.k dh iksy [kqy tkrk gSA ---?kVuk 22 twu] 2014 dh gSA jfookj gksus ds dkj.k eSa ?kj ij gh Fkk rHkh ,d lkFkh dk Qksu vk;kA mlus crk;k fd Vhvkjih ds jsl esa vOoy vkus dks vkrqj U;wt pSuy bafM;k Vhoh dh ,d toku o [kwclwjr ,adj us dk;kZy; esa gh tgj [kkdj tku nsus dk iz;kl fd;kA ehfM;k van#uh gkykr ls vPNh rjg okfdQ gksus ds dkj.k ;g [kcj lqu eq>s dksbZ gSjkuh ugha gqbZ] ysfdu ns[kus tkuus dh mRlqdrk t#j gqbZ fd vkf[kj ektjk gS D;k\ QkSju Vhoh vku fd;k vkSj ,d&,d dj reke U;wt pSuy [kaxky Mkys] ysfdu ,adj dh vkRegR;k dh [kcj dgha ugha fn[khA vxys fnu dqN v[kckjksa us vUnj ds iUuksa ij flaxy dkWye [kcj Nih FkhA fy[kk Fkk ,d U;wt pSuy dh ,adj us vius ckWlst dh gjdrksa ls ijs'kku gksdj dk;kZy; esa gh tgj [kkdj tku nsus dk iz;kl fd;kA Nih [kcjksa esa uk rks pSuy dk uke Fkk vkSj uk gh ml ,adj dk ftlus tgj [kk;kA Hkyk gks lks'ky ehfM;k dk ftlus pSuy o ,adj nksuksa ds uke rLohjsa izeq[krk ls Nki ehfM;k txr dks bl ?kVuk dh tkudkjh nsus dk QtZ iwjk fd;k FkkA ,adj ruq 'kekZ }kjk tku nsus dk iz;kl vke yksxksa ds fy, ,d lkekU; ?kVuk gks ldrh gS ysfdu ehfM;k txr ds fy, ;g ,d cM+h ?kVuk ekuh tk,xhA pw¡fd ;g ?kVuk bafM;k Vhoh ds drkZ/krkZ ds pSuy ls tqM+h gS blfy, nc x;hA ;fn vkRegR;k dk iz;kl djus okyh efgyk fdlh vU; is'ks ls tqM+h gksrh rks pSuy okyksa us mldk] mlds ifjokj dk vkSj lkFk gh dk;kZy; okyksa dk thuk gjke dj fn;k gksrkA loky ;g gS fd ehfM;k esa ,sls gkykr D;ksa iSnk gksrs tk jgs gSa fd bl is'ks ls tqM+s yksxksa dks tku nsus dh ukScr rd vk x;h gSA njvly i=kdkfjrk dh nqfu;k ckgj ls ftruh [kwclwjr] HkO; vkSj XySejl fn[krh gS vUnj ls mruh gh cnjax gSA [kklrkSj ls Vhoh i=kdkjksa dh rks csgn cqjh gkyr gSA yxHkx nks n'kd dh i=kdkfjrk ds dSfj;j esa esjh tkudkjh esa dbZ ,sls ekeys vk, gSaA ,d U;wt pSuy gS ftldk dk;kZy; dqN ekg igys gh uks,Mk fQYe

flVh ls f'k¶V gksdj xzsVj uks,Mk pyk x;k gSA pSuy ds vkyh'kku vkSj HkO; dk;kZy; ds vUnj D;k&D;k gksrk gS blds fdLls vDlj ckgj vkrs jgrs gSaA efgyk i=kdkjksa ds 'kks"k.k ds vf/kdka'k fdLls blh pSuy ls tqM+s gSaA dqN o"kZ igys ,d lTtu bl pSuy esa ,adj FksA vktdy os jkr ds ukS cts ds vkl&ikl fdlh nwljs pSuy ij Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, ns[ks tk ldrs gSaA bl ,adj us dbZ efgyk i=kdkjksa dks Vgyk;k ?kqek;kA ,d ckj rks iqfyl us uks,Mk fQYe flVh esa gh mudh dkj esa ,d efgyk i=kdkj ds lkFk mUgsa jaxs gkFkksa idM+k FkkA ekeyk pSuy ls tqM+k gksus ds dkj.k jQk&nQk gks x;k FkkA blh pSuy esa ,d vU; lTtu ,DthD;qfVo izksMîwlj FksA bUgksaus i=kdkfjrk ds {ks=k esa dSfj;j cukus vkbZ dbZ bUVuZ ij viuh enkZuxh dk Hkjiwj izn'kZu fd;kA ysfdu ,d bUVuZ ncax fudyhA mlus ncaxbZ ds lkFk izksMîwlj egksn; dk xyk idM+ fy;k vkSj 'kknh djus ij etcwj dj fn;kA igys ls 'kknh'kqnk izksMîwlj egksn; dh ,d ugha pyh vkSj viuh mez ls rdjhcu 18 lky NksVh yM+dh dks viuh iRuh cukuk iM+kA dbZ U;wt pSuyksa esa crkSj jktuhfrd lEiknd dke dj pqds ,d ,sls i=kdkj dks eSa tkurk gwa ftudh iRuh Hkh blh is'ks esa gSaA iRuh rstrjkZj gS vkSj mls i=kdkfjrk esa cxSj dkcfy;r ds vkxs c<+us ds lkjs xqj irk gSaA vkt pSuyksa esa bl eksgrjek dh fxurh Hkh cM+s i=kdkjksa esa gksrh gSA bldk irk mlds ifr dks Hkh gS ysfdu os pqi gSaA gfj;k.kk esa izeq[krk ls ns[ks tkus okys ,d {ks=kh; pSuy dh ,d ,adj fiz;k flag us dqN o"kZ igys vkRegR;k dj yh FkhA ;g ?kVuk flrEcj 2007 dh gSA fcgkj dh jguh okyh fiz;k us vkRegR;k djus ls igys ,d i=k esa blds fy, vius lhfu;j ckWlst dks ftEesnkj crk;k FkkA fiz;k us vius lqlkbZM uksV esa fy[kk Fkk fd bu nksuksa ds 'kks"k.k ls ijs'kku gksdj tku nsus ij etcwj gksuk iM+ jgk gSA ekeys dh tkap pyh ysfdu ehfM;k ls tqM+k gksus ds dkj.k vUrr% ekeyk jQk&nQk gks x;kA i=kdkfjrk esa efgykvksa dk 'kks"k.k dksbZ ubZ ckr ugha gSA dbZ efgyk i=kdkj Hkh iq#"k dk 'kks"k.k djus ls ckt ugha vkrhaA rdjhcu rhl o"kZ igys nwjn'kZu ,dykSrk pSuy gqvk djrk FkkA mu fnuksa nwjn'kZu esa efgyk i=kdkjksa dh la[;k vPNh [kklh FkhA ,d efgyk fjikVZj Fkh tks dke/kke dqN ugha djrh ysfdu osru iwjk mBkrh FkhA ,d fnu mlds ckWl us ml efgyk fjiksVZj ls dgk fd ,sls dc rd pysxkA vki vkfQl vkrh ugha gks vkSj lSyjh iwjh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

65 mBkrh gksA ml efgyk fjiksVZj us vf/kdkjh ls dgk fd vkidks irk gS fd dqN yksx cqf)cy ls ukSdjh ikrs gSa rks dqN ckgqcy lsA eSaus ------ls ukSdjh ikbZ gSA eSa rqEgkjs ckWl dks vHkh rqEgkjh f'kdk;r dj nwa rks 'kk;n rqe bl dqlhZ ij dy ls fn[kksxs ughaA ;g lqu vf/kdkjh lUu jg x;kA efgykvksa ds 'kks"k.k dh ckr [kq'koUr flag dh ppkZ ds cxSj v/kwjh jg tk,xhA [kq'koUr flag dk uke i=kdkfjrk txr esa csgn lEeku ds lkFk fy;k tkrk gSA ysfdu [kq'koUr flag us mu efgykvksa dks lnSo dkeqd utj ls ns[kkA ;g eSa ugha dg jgk cfYd mUgksaus ;g ckr viuh iqLrd esa [kqn Lohdkjh gSA xr o"kZ izdkf'kr [kq'koUrukek% n ySlal vkWQ ekbZ ykbQ uked iqLrd esa mUgksaus fy[kk gS fd eSa ges'kk v¸;k'k O;fä jgkA 4 o"kZ dh mez ls 97 o"kZ rd v¸;k'kh ges'kk esjs fnekx esa jghA eSaus dHkh Hkkjrh; fl)kUrksa esa fo'okl ugha fd;k fd eSa efgykvksa dks viuh eka] cgu ;k csVh ds #i esa lEeku nwaA mudh tks Hkh mez gks] esjs fy;s os ;kfu efgyk,a flQZ okluk dh oLrq Fkh vkSj jgsaxhA viuh ,d vU; iqLrd lu&lSV Dyc esa rks mUgksaus ;gka rd fy[kk gS fd tc os yksnh xkMsZu esa Vgyrs Fks rks ogka fLFkr bekjr dh xqEcn mUgsa efgykvksa ds Lru dh ;kn fnykrh FkhA uhjk jkfM;k ds mYys[k fd fcuk i=kdkfjrk txr esa QSys xa/k dh ckr iwjh ugha gks ldrhA uhjk jkfM;k dk vlyh uke uhjk 'kekZ gSA dsU;k esa tUeh o yUnu esa iyh c<+h uhjk dh 'kknh xqtjkrh QkbusUlj tud jkfM;k ls gqbZ FkhA mlds ckn gh os uhjk jkfM+;k cu x;haA ifr ls vucu gksus ds ckn os Hkkjr vkbZ vkSj lcls igys mudh nksLrh gfj;k.kk fnoaxr eq[;ea=kh jko fojsUnz flag ds iksrs /khjt flag ls gqbZA ;gha ls ns'k ds jktuhfrd xfy;kjs esa mudk izos'k 'kq: gqvkA jktx ljdkj esa ukxj foekuu ea=kh jgs vuUr dqekj dh os pgsrh FkhaA bruh pgsrh fd yads'k if=kdk us muds ckjs esa iwjk fo'ks"kkad gh fudky fn;k FkkA eaf=k;ksa] m|ksxifr;ksa] vQlj'kkgksa] Vhoh pSuyksa] vkfFkZd o vaxzsth v[kckjksa ds lEikndksa ls uhjk jkfM;k ds izxk<+ lEcU/k cusA brus izxk<+ fd uhjk jkfM+;k ;g r; djus yxh fd ;wih, 2 esa fdls ea=kh cukuk gS fdls ughaA ns'k ftl ehfM;k ls lPpkbZ] lkgl vkSj la?k"kZ dh mEehn djrk gS ml ehfM;k dh vfr egRokdka{kh lEikndksa o pan efgyk i=kdkjksa us ,slh dh rSlh djds j[k nhA bl is'ks esa ,sls&,sls yksx vk x;s gSa ftuds fy, uSfrdrk] bZekunkjh vkSj esgur dk dksbZ eksy ugha gSA dksbZ dke ugha lw> jgk rks i=kdkj cu tkvksA vkt nwf/k;k

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ls ysdj izkiVhZ Mhyj vkSj iuokM+h ls ysdj fpVQUM dEiuh dh vkM+ esa yksxksa dks ywVus okys yksx fdlh u fdlh lekpkj i=k] if=kdk o pSuy ds ekfyd cus cSBs gSaA budk ,dek=k mís'; ehfM;k ds ek/;e ls vius xyr dk;ksaZ dk cpko djuk vkSj CySdesfyax dj iSls dekuk gSA muds bl dk;Z esa efgyk i=kdkj o nyky dkQh mi;ksxh lkfcr gks jgh gSaA 'kk;n ;gh otg gS fd i=kdkfjrk esa thHk vkSj tka?k dk bLrseky c<+rk tk jgk gSA lkHkkj&7 tqykbZ 2014 dks HkM+kl4ehfM;k esa lanhi Bkdqj dk vkys[k dqN 'kCnksa dks gVkdjA ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds ;kSu 'kks"k.k ds fy, flQZ vkSj flQZ iq#"koknh lekt ds izHkqRo dks ftEesokj ugha Bgjk;k tk ldrkA lanhi Bkdqj ds vkys[k dks ns[ksa rks ;ksX;rk ugha j[kus okyh efgyk,a tkfr o tqxkM+ ra=k dk Hkh iz;ksx dj LFkku ik ysrh gSaA gka] mu efgykvksa dks uqdlku gksrk gS ftuds ikl ;ksX;rk rks gksrh gS ysfdu tkfr o tqxkM+ dk dkMZ ugha gksrkA ehfM;k ds efgyk isze dk ,d vkSj cM+k [kqyklk lks'ky ehfM;k ij gqvkA U;wt 24 pSuy ds vykok dbZ ehfM;k gkml ls tqM+s ofj"B i=kdkj vrqy vxzoky dk ,d efgyk i=kdkj ds lkFk ds laca/k lkeus vk;sA U;wt 24 pSuy ls ,d xqeuke vkbZMh ls xzqi esy Hkstus ds vkjksi esa mudh ukSdjh xbZ rks HkkLdj U;wt ls ,d yM+dh ls ;kSu nqO;Zogkj dks ysdj fudkys x,A bu fnuksa bZVhoh esa Fks] tgka ls mUgsa blfy, bLrhQk nsuk iM+k D;ksafd mudk ,d lsDl Vsi ;wVîwc ij ok;jy gks x;k gSA HkM+kl4ehfM;k us iwjh dgkuh] 7 ekpZ 2015 dks izdkf'kr fd;k gSA okf'kaxVu ds baVjus'kuy oheUl ehfM;k QkmaMs'ku vkSj yanu ds baVjus'kuy U;wt ls¶Vh baLVhVîwV us 822 efgyk ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa dk lk{kkRdkj fd;k vkSj fu"d"kZ fudkyk fd ehfM;k laLFkkvksa esa dke djus okyh efgykvksa ds f[kykQ fgalk ij igys oSf'od losZ{k.k esa yxHkx nks&frgkbZ efgyk i=kdkjksa dks dk;Z ds nkSjku mRihM+u ;k /kedh dk vuqHko lguk iM+rk gSA blesa ik;k x;k fd efgyk ehfM;kdfeZ;ksa dks /kedh vkSj mRihM+u dh T;knkrj ?kVuk,a dk;ZLFky ij gksrh gSa vkSj ;s dke iq#"k ofj"B vf/kdkfj;ksa] fujh{kdksa vkSj lgdfeZ;ksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA ?kVukvksa vkSj gkykr ls vanktk yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd ehfM;k gkÅl esa efgykvksa dks ysdj gkykr D;k gS\ ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds fl;klh xBtksM+ dh dgkuh Hkh de ugh gSA fnfXot; flag dh dgkuh rktk gSA ,sls dbZ dgkfu;ka lkeus vkrs jgs gSaA xkSj

66 djus okyh ckr ;g gS fd ;g ehfM;k tks nwljksa dh rjQ vaxqyh fn[kkrh gS] mldk pkj vaxqyh mldh rjQ gh gksrk gSA ,sls esa ehfM;k dh Hkh uhfr 'kkL=k gksuh pkfg,A ysfdu O;ogkj esa ckgj rks uhfr 'kkL=k fn[krk gSA ysfdu tc viuh ckjh vkrh gS rc ml ij ijnk Mkyus dh Hkjiwj dksf'k'ksa gksrh gaSA eryc lkQ gS fd nwljksa dks psgjk fn[kkus dk dke djus okyh ehfM;k dHkh&dHkkj viuk psgjk Hkh ns[k fy;k djs rks 'kk;n ehfM;k esa efgyk,a dh fLFkfr esa lq/kkj gks ldsA fpark dh ckr ;g gS fd ehfM;k esa efgykvksa ds izfr xyr vo/kkj.kk dk;e gksrh tk jgh gSA bl vo/kkj.kk dk gh

ifj.kke gS fd T;knkrj i=kdkj ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ns[kuk pkgrs gSaA ysfdu ifjokj ds efgyk lnL; dks ehfM;k esa nkf[kyk ugha pkgrsA ;g bl ckr dks js[kkafdr djrk gS fd ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dh fLFkfr dSlh gS\ gkykafd LokfeRo vkSj izHkko'kkyh inksa ij efgykvksa ds ckjs esa ,slh ckrsa ugh ykxw gksrhA tkfgj gS ehfM;k esa efgyk Hkkxhnkjh c<+s rHkh iq#"k lÙkk dks ysdj loky tks mB jgs gSa ml ij vadq'k yx ldrk gSA ys[kd bySDVªkWfud ehfM;k ls tqM+s gSaA & 303] fnxEcj Iysl] yksfg;kuxj] dadM+ckx] iVuk& 800020] fcgkjA eks&09934293148

dVkSrh vkSj fQtwy[kphZ v'kksd oktis;h ge ftu dbZ varfoZjks/kksa esa ;k muds lkFk thrs gSa] muesa ls ,d ;g gS fd ,d vksj rks ge viuh Hkk"kk&laink ds cgqr de fgLls dk mi;ksx djrs gSa] ij nwljh vksj vDlj lkoZtfud vk;kstuksa esa t#jr ls T;knk 'kCnksa dk cgqr mnkjrk ls bLrseky djrs gSaA igys ls yxrk gS fd gekjs ikl 'kCn de gks jgs gSa vkSj de 'kCnksa ls gekjk dke c[kwch py tkrk gSA nwljs ls yxrk gS fd ge Lokxr] iz'kalk] vkHkkj vkfn esa t#jr ls dgha T;knk 'kCnksa dk O;FkZ iz;ksx djus esa jÙkh Hkj ladksp ugha djrs% la{ksi ds ctk; okXLQhfr] lVhdrk ds ctk; vfr'k;ksfDr izxV gksrh gSA igys ls yxrk gS fd 'kCn&ladksp njvly gekjh ekuoh;rk dk gh ladksp gSA nwljk crkrk gS fd geesa ckjhdh] la;e vkSj le> dk vHkko c<+ jgk gSA ;g lc lw>k tc gky gh esa ,d fo|kihB ds ,d vyadj.k lekjksg esa tkus dk lq;ksx gqvkA vki mEehn djrs gSa fd fo|kihB esa Hkk"kk lkQ&lqFkjh gksxh] mlesa O;FkZ dh iz'kalk ugha gksxh] lw{erk vkSj la{ksi gksxkA ysfdu fLFkfr blds Bhd foijhr FkhA gj O;fDr tks eap ij Fkk euh"kh] fpard] tuuk;d vkfn vlR; vkSj fujk/kkj inksa esa c[kkuk tk jgk FkkA gekjs fo|k] lkfgR; laca/kh lkoZtfud vk;kstuksa esa Hkk"kk dk bruk ykijokg] csbZeku] LQhr iz;ksx gksrk gS fd yxrk gS fd ftu laLFkkvksa dks Hkk"kk dh igjsnkjh djuk pkfg, os gh mls fod`r dj ywVikV dj jgh gSaA lkQ&lqFkjkiu flQZ LoPNrk vfHk;ku dk ekeyk ugha gS% gesa lkQ&lqFkjs fnekx Hkh pkfg, tks lw{erk ls lksp ldsa vkSj lkQ&lqFkjh Hkk"kk dk O;ogkj dj ldsaA fganh esa vxj oSpkfjd lkfgR; cgqr de gS rks bldk ,d cM+k dkj.k ;g gS fd gekjs 'kS{kf.kd laLFkkuksa esa Hkk"kk ds izfr bl dnj ykijokgh gS fd yxus yxk gS fd fganh esa vkSj lc dqN laHko gS] rh{.k&lw{e fopkj ughaA ftl Hkk"kk esa ,slk fopkj u gks mlesa KkuksRiknu Hkh cgqr de gksxkA ;gh gkyr fganh dh gSA ;g fofp=k foMacuk gS fd ftUgsa Hkk"kk ds izfr lrdZ gksuk pkfg, ogh 'kS{kf.kd laLFkk,a] i<+s&fy[ks yksx] ehfM;k mls yxkrkj Hkz"V vkSj nwf"kr dj jgs gSaA tgka fopkj lgt LokHkkfod] vfHkO;fDr lkQ&lqFkjh gksuh pkfg, ogha nksuksa dh vuqifLFkfr vkSj vlaHkkouk fnuksa&fnu Hkh"k.k rsth ls c<+rh tk jgh gSA og fnu nwj ugha tc fganh esa cktkj rks gksxk] fopkj xk;c gks tk,xk! cgqr gks pqdk vfHk;ku fganh dks c<+kus dk% vc iz;Ru gksuk pkfg, fganh dks cpkus dkA mls Kku vkSj fopkj ds fy, l{ke ek/;e cukus dk iz;RuA mldh lPph vkykspuk&o`fÙk dks lkekU; fganh txr esa QSykus vkSj lfØ; djus dk vfHk;kuA fujs la[;k cy ds vk/kkj ij cgqr fnuksa rd fganh dks cM+h Hkk"kk ugha ekuk tk ldrkA ftl Hkk"kk esa oSpkfjd laiUurk vkSj lw{erk] Kku dk lrr mRiknu] vfHkO;fDr dh _tqrk u gks og cM+h Hkk"kk dSls vkSj D;ksa\ ys[kd iz[;kr cqf)thoh vkSj laLd`frdehZ gSaA bZ&esy& ashok_vajpeyi@yahoo.com

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vkoj.k dFkk-8 ;'kfLouh ik.Ms;

flusekbZ L=kh dk fodkl vkSj bfrgkl tSls&tSls lekt esa efgykvksa dh 'kfä dks vk¡dk x;k oSls&oSls fQYeks esa efgykvksa dh leL;k,a j[kh tkus yxhA ^Qwy cus v¡xkjs* esa js[kk] ^va/kk dkuwu* esa gsek ekfyuh vkSj ^t[eh vkSjr* esa fMaiy dikfM+;kA bl le; eas efgykvksa ds izfr ;kSu fgalk ds nq#i;ksx dh ?kVukvksa dh la[;k c<+us yxh FkhA 70 vkSj 80 ds n'kd ls] ukf;dkvksa dks dsoy efgykvksa ds LFkkfir :i esa ugha fn[kk;k x;k gSA flusek dh 'kq#vkr 1896 esa Ýkal ds yqbl vkSj Hkk jrh; vxLr yqfejS us Ng ewd fQYeksa dk izn'kZu 7 tqykbZ dks cEcbZ ds okVlu gksVy esa fd;k FkkA ij ;s fQYesa viuh Hkk"kk esa ugha Fkha vFkkZr lkekU; turk dh Hkk"kk ls nwj FkhaA Hkkjrh; flusek dk fodklZ <qaMhjkt xksfoUn QkYds tks nknk lkgc QkYds ds uke ls vf/kd tkus tkrs gSa mUgsa Hkkjr dh izFke Lons'k fufeZr Qhpj fQYe jktk gfj'pUnz cukus dk Js; tkrk gSA Hkkjr esa cuus okyh igyh Qhpj fQYe nknk lkgc QkYds us cukbZ tks Hkkjrsanq gfj'kpanz ds ukVd ^gfj'kpanz* ij vk/kkfjr FkhA nknklkgc Qkyds us vius yanu izokl ds nkSjku bZlk elhg ds thou ij vk/kkfjr ,d pyfp=k ns[kkA ml fQYe dks ns[k dj nknk lkgsc Qkyds ds eu esa ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa ij vk/kkfjr pyfp=kksa ds fuekZ.k djus dh izcy bPNk tkx`r gqbZA Lons'k vkdj mUgksaus jktk gfj'panz cukbZ tks fd Hkkjr dh igyh yach fQYe Fkh vkSj 03 ebZ] 1913 esa iznf'kZr gqbZA /ofujfgr gksus ds ckotwn Hkh ml pyfp=k us yksxksa dk Hkjiwj euksjatu fd;k vkSj n'kZdksa us mldh [kwc iz'kalk dhA 14 ekpZ 1931 dks bl peRdkj esa ,d lEeksgu 'kkfey gks x;k vkSj og lEeksgu Fkk /ofu dkA vc insZ ij fn[kkbZ nsus okys fp=k cksyus yxsA 1931 esa igyh cksyrh fQYe ^vkye vkjk* ls vkt rd lokZf/kd fQYesa fganh Hkk"kk esa gh cukbZ xbZa gSaA fQYe esa jktk gfj'kpanz dk fdjnkj nÙkk=k; nkeksnj] iq=k jksfgr dk fdjnkj nknk QkYds ds iq=k Hkkypanz QkYds tcfd jkuh rkjkerh dk fdjnkj jsLVksjsaV es ckophZ ds :i es dke djus okys O;fä vUuk lkyqads fuHkk;k FkkA ;s gS 1931 esa Hkkjr esa flusek ds {ks=k esa L=kh dh fLFkfr] tc dksbZ L=kh flusek tSls dykRed euksjatukRed mins'kkRed fo/kk esa vkus dks vkSj viuh dyk vkSj izfrHkk fn[kkus dks rS;kj ugha FkhA fQYe jktk gfj'panz dh vikj lQyrk ds ckn nknk

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

vuq"kk fjtoh lkgc QkYds us o"kZ 1913 esa eksfguh HkLeklqj dk fuekZ.k fd;kA blh fQYe ds tfj;s deyk xks[kys vkSj mudh eka nqxkZ xks[kys tSlh vfHkusf=k;ksa dks Hkkjrh; fQYe txr dh igyh efgyk vfHkus=kh cuus dk xkSjo izkIr gqvk FkkA blh fQYe esa igyk Mkal uacj Hkh fQYek;k x;k FkkA deyk xks[kys ij fQYek, bl xhr dks nknk QkYds us u`R; funsZf'kr fd;k FkkA nqxkZckbZ ikoZrh dh Hkwfedk esa gekjs lkeus vk;ha vkSj deykckbZ eksfguh dh Hkwfedk esaA nqxkZckbZ dk fQYeksa esa vkuk dksbZ ikfjokfjd Lohd`fr ;k muds vfHku; dh

68 bPNk u gksrs gq, ,d foo'krk FkhA vFkksZiktZu dh foo'krk FkhA vius ifr ls vyxko dh fLFkfr esa muds ikl rhu gh fodYi Fks igyk] fdlh ds ?kj esa dke djuk] os';ko`fr dk dke] rhljk fQYeksa esa tkdj vfHku; djukA lkekftd n`f"V ls ;s rhuksa dke gh leku :i ls fuanuh; FksA ;s flusek esa dke djus okyh fL=k;ksa ds izfr lekt dk utfj;k FkkA ij nqxkZckbZ us vius vkSj viuh iq=kh ds thou;kiu ds fy, ;s jkLrk pquk vkSj ,d ubZ Økafr dks tUe fn;kA dksbZ Hkh Økafr fojks/kksa esa gh iuirh gS vkSj Qwyrh&Qyrh gSA vkt flusek esa ukf;dk dh ;s fLFkfr gS fd ukf;dk cuus dh gksM+ yxh gSA vPNs ls vPNs laHkzkar ifjokj ls yM+fd;ka vk jgh gSa vius vfHku; dk yksgk euokus ds fy,] dksbZ ?kj ls fojks/k djds py iM+k fdlh us ?kj gh NksM+ fn;k] dksbZ izf'k{k.k ysdj vk jgk] rks dksbZ fojklr esa vfHku; ysdj vk jgkA izfr;ksfxrk c<+ x;h gS vfHku; ls ysdj] u`R;] 'kkjhfjd cukoV] fQVusl] Hkk"kk] ls ysdj gj {ks=k esa vyx pkfg,] vikj izfrHkk pkfg,A ;s gqvk ukf;dk dk fganh flusek esa vkxeu vkSj dkj.k vkSj mlds izHkko] blh le; o"kZ 1926 es iznf'kZr fQYe cqycqys ifjLrku igyh fQYe Fkh ftldk funsZ'ku efgyk us fd;k FkkA csxe Qkfrek lqYrkuk bl fQYe dh funsZ'kd FkhaA fQYe esa tqcSnk] lqYrkuk vkSj iqryh us eq[; Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ FkhaA lu 1931 ds dqN le; mijkar gh Hkkjrh; lekt esa O;kIr ukjh thou dh foMacukvksa dks ysdj dbZ fQYesa cukbZ xbZ ftuesa ^nqfu;k uk ekusa* ¼1937½] ^vNwr dU;k* ¼1936½ ^vkneh*&¼1939½] ^nsonkl*&¼1935½] ^bafnjk ,e-,-* ¼1934½ cky ;ksfxuh* ¼1936½ izeq[k :i ls lfEefyr gSaA bl rjg dh fQYeksa esa ukjh thou ls lacaf/kr ftu leL;kvksa dks mtkxj fd;k x;k muesa ^cky fookg*] ^vuesy fookg*] ^inkZ izFkk*] ^vf'k{kk* vkfn FksA njvly ml le; ds lekt esa ;gh leL;k,a gkoh Fkha] ns'k vktkn ugha gqvk Fkk] reke izdkj dh lkekftd lq/kkj okyh laLFkk,a viuk dke dj jgh Fkha] ns'k esa gj txg vkanksyu dh fLFkfr Fkh] lkekftd dqjhfr;ksa dks

m[kkM+ Qsadus dh gj txg dok;n py jgh FkhA ,sls esa bUgha leL;kvksa dks dsafnzr dj flusek dks cukuk LokHkkfod FkkA lkekftd ifjos'k ls tqMs fj'rksa dks efgykvksa ds fdjnkjksa esa c[kwch mrjk tkus yxkA 1935 esa ^vkSjr*] ^gaVjokyh*] ^Mkdw dh yM+dh*] ^fel 1933*] 1936 esa ^vNwr dU;k*] 1950 esa ^tksxu*] ^cM+h cgu*] ^NksVh HkkHkh*] ^gekjh csVh*] ^e/kqckyk*] ^ubZ HkkHkh*] ^lrh& ueZnk*] lekt ds #f<+oknh gksus ij Hkh dqN ukf;dkvksa us fQYe dh dgkuh ds vuq:i fdjnkjksa ds f'kír ls fuHkkus dk lkgl fn[kk;kA ukf;dk nsfodk jkuh us 1933 es cuh fQYe ^dekZ* eas ,slk cksYM n`'; vfHkuhr fd;k tks ml le; ds lekt dh lksp ds

ehjk uk;j vuq:i vPNk ugha dgk tk ldrk FkkA ij ,slh fgEer ml le; ukf;dk nsfodk jkuh us fn[kkbZ ftl ds ifj.kkeLo:i mUgsa rkjhQ vkSj cqjkbZ nksuksa feyhA ;s rks gj {ks=k esa gksrk gS tc lekt ds fu;eksa ls vyx dqN gksrk gS] dksbZ u;k ifjorZu ubZ Økafr] rks mldk fojks/k gksrk gh gS] cfYd bu fojks/kksa dk dHkh var ugha gksrkA ;s fojks/k vHkh Hkh tkjh gSa tc flusek esa L=kh dh leL;kvksa dks u, <ax ls lekt ds lkeus yk;k tkrk gS mu igyqvksa dks le>us dh dksf'k'k dh tkrh gS tks lc tkurs rks gSa ij mu ij dksbZ ckr ugha djuk pkgrk] mls ppkZ dk eqík cukus esa vge dks vkSj uSfrdrk dks Bsl yxrh gSA efgykvksa dh vn~Hkqr ftthfo"kk vkSj yxu dks izR;{k :i ls lkdkj djus ds fy;s 1950 ds n'kd esa ds-,- vCckl] fcey

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

69 jkW; vkSj xq#nÙk tSlh funsZ'kdksa us [kwc dke fd;kA bu l'kä vkSj lkekftd ljksdkjksa esa #fp j[kus okys funsZ'kdksa us viuh fQYeksa esa etcwr efgykvksa dks fpf=kr fd;k A egcwc [kku dh ^enj bafM;k* ,slh gh dkyt;h fQYe Fkh ftlesa ,d efgyk ds la?k"kZ'khy thou dks ckjhdh ls fn[kk;k gS fd og foijhr gkykrksa esa Hkh fgEer ugha gkjrh vkSj reke lknxh ds lkFk vius cPpksa dh ijofj'k djrh gSA blh le; esa vk;h Fkh ^yktoarh*] ^vjk/kuk* ftlesa efgykvksa ds O;fDrxr] ikfjokfjd thou ds cnyrs :iksa dks fn[kk;k x;k FkkA 1964 esa fcey jk; dh dkyt;h fQYe ^canuh* vk;h] vifj"d`r efgyk ds :i esa uwru us Hkkoiw.kZ vfHku; fd;k fQj 1960 esa vk;h csgn edcwy vkSj ,rsgkfld fQYe ^eqxy&,&vkte* ftlesa vius I;kj ds fy;s vius vkidks cfynku dj nsus okyh etcwr bPNk'kfä okyh ukf;dk dk fdjnkj e/kqckyk us fuHkk;k vkSj blh o"kZ ^fny viuk vkSj izhr ijk;h* esa izse dh uSlfxZd Hkkouk dks vkRelkr djrh ;qorh dh xkFkk dks fd'kksj lkgw us cMs+ ijns ij mrkjkA 1962 esa cuh fQYe ^eS pqi jgwaxh* esa fir`lÙkkRed lekt esa ukjh dh n'kk dk lVhd fp=k.k fd;k x;kA efgykvksa dk lq/kkjoknh :i fQYeksa esa fn[kk;k tkus yxkA 1963 esa vkbZ ^eq>s thus nks* ftlesa oghnk jgeku us vkSj 1981 esa ^T;ksfr* fQYe esa gsekekfyuh us efgykvksa ds l'kä vfHku; dks thoar fd;kA 1940 ls 1960 dks flusek dk Lof.kZe ;qx ekuk tkrk gSA 1970 esa ^dVh irax* esa ijEijkxr Hkkjrh; fo/kok ds thou dh =kklnh dks n'kkZ;k] iatkc ds gfj;kyh bykds ds vej izse ;qxy ^ghj jk¡>k* ij psru vkuan us 1970 esa fQYe cuk;h vkSj ghj dk vej ik=k insZ ij lkal ysus yxkA blh nkSj esa csfelky ukf;dk gsekekfyuh dks ysdj lqcks/k&eq[kthZ us ^vfHkus=kh* fQYe cukbZA lkekftd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh rjg gh fQYeksa esa Hkh efgyk,a U;k; vkSj lekurk tSls fo"k;ksa ij ihNs gh jgha] fcey jk; dh ^ifj.khrk* esa ikjEifjd fjoktksa dh cfy p<+h] ij dekscs'k T;knkrj fQYeksa eas ukjh dk lq/kkjoknh :i gh fn[kk;k x;kA ^eq>s thus nks* esa oghnk jgeku vkSj ^T;ksfr* esa gsek ekfyuh bl :i ds l'kä mngkj.k gSaA 1960 esa efgykvksa dk yqHkkouk :i fn[kk;k x;kA fQj vxys nkSj esa n'kZdksa dks ns[kus dks feyh lh/kh&lk/kh L=khA 1971 esa âf"kds'k eq[kthZ ^xqìh*] 1972 esa ^ifjp;* vkSj ^dksf'k'k*A vxys gh lky ;kuh 1973 ls funsZ'kd izdk'k esgjk dh fQYe ^tathj* esa ,d uk;d dk ,axh ;ax eSu ds :i esa mn; gqvk vkSj rHkh ls fQYeksa esa

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ukf;dk;sa egt ,d vkHkw"k.k dh rjg izLrqr dh tkuh yxhA mlh le; mn; gqvk fganh flusek dh XySejl ukf;dkvksa dk ftuesa ijohu ckch] thur veku vkSj iwue f<Yyks] in~feuh dksYgkiqjh lcls vkxs FkhaA 1980 ds n'kd esa ckWyhoqM esa fdj.k csnh ds cqyan O;fäRo ls izHkkfor gksdj fQYedkjksa dk /;ku efgykvksa dks iqfyl ds :i esa n'kkZus dh rjQ x;kA mlh le; L=kh dk izHkkoh fdjnkj fp=kiV ij utj vk;kA xqytkj us 1975 esa ^vk¡/kh* fQYe rc dh jktuhfrd iVy ds 'kh"kZ ij igq¡ph iz/kkuea=kh bafnjk xk¡/kh ls izHkkfor gks dj fQYe cukbZA bu lHkh fQYeksa esa efgyk ik=k vius csgrjhu :i esa FksA tSls&tSls lekt esa efgykvksa dh 'kfä dks vk¡dk x;k oSls&oSls fQYeks esa efgykvksa dh leL;k,a j[kh tkus yxhA ^Qwy cus v¡xkjsa* esa js[kk] ^va/kk dkuwu* esa gsek ekfyuh vkSj ^t[eh vkSjr* esa fMaiy dikfM+;kA bl le; esa efgykvksa ds izfr ;kSu fgalk ds nq#i;ksx dh ?kVukvksa dh la[;k c<+us yxh FkhaA 70 vkSj 80 ds n'kd ls] ukf;dkvksa dks dsoy efgykvksa ds LFkkfir :i esa ugha fn[kk;k x;k gS cfYd vc og iwjs ifjokj dh ftEesokjh vius da/kksa ij mBk ldrh gSa] ;s efgyk,a vius dke ds ek/;e ls dbZ lkekftd yM+kb;ka yM+rh gSA 70 ds bl nkSj es tc efgyk;sa vius vki dks [kkst jgh Fkha rks lgh ek;us esa ml nkSj dks laLdkjh nkSj dgk tk ldrk gS tc rd vk/kqfudhdj.k dh fo"kSyh vk¡/kh if'pe dh vksj ls Hkkjr esa ugha igq¡ph FkhA ek¡ ds :i eas dkfeuh dkS'ky] fu:ik jkW;] nqxkZ [kksVs [kwc ljkgh x;h] ftl rjg dk <ksaxh utfj;k vke thou eas Hkh lekt dk gS dh ,d rjQ rks oks ukjh dks nsoh ek¡ cuk dj iwtrs gaS vkSj nwljh rjQ vius gh ?kj es ukjh dks viekfur djrs gSa mlh rjg ek¡ dks lcls Å¡pk fn[kk;k x;k vkSj ghjksbu dks cykRdkj dk f'kdkj rd gksrs fn[kk;k tkrk gS ;g foMEcuk Hkh fQYekas eas gesa ns[kus dks feyrh gS] rHkh fQYeksa dks lekt dk vkbZuk Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ch-vkj-pksiM+k fganh fQYeksa esa lkekftd lq/kkj vkSj lkekftd psruk dks vk/kqfud lanHkksaZ esa O;k[;kf;r djus okys lQyre fuekZrk funsZ'kd gq, gSaA fo/kok fookg dks lkekftd ekU;rk fnykus ds fy, mUgksaus ^,d gh jkLrk* ¼1958½ cukbZA ;g ,d f=kdks.kkRed dgkuh gSA lquhy nÙk vkSj ehuk dqekjh ifr&iRuh gSa tc ,d gknls esa lquhy nÙk dh e`R;q gks tkrh gS rks v'kksd dqekj ,d fe=k ds :i esa ehuk dqekjh dh ns[kHkky djus yxrs gSaA ysfdu

70 ;g fLFkfr ,d fo/kok L=kh dks cnpyu ?kksf"kr djus ds fy, lekt esa i;kZIr FkhA ch-vkj-pksiM+k us lkgl ds lkFk fQYe esa fo/kok L=kh dk fookg ¼v'kksd dqekj ds lkFk½ djokdj lq/kkj dh ,d ubZ ijaijk dks LFkkfir fd;kA blds ckn lekt esa fo/kok fL=k;k¡ ds fy, ,d u, thou dks Lohdkj djus dk lkgl iSnk gksus yxkA ch-vkj-pksiM+k ,d fuekZrk vkSj funsZ'kd ds :i esa ges'kk ls gh Hkkjrh; L=kh thou dh folaxfr;ksa ds izfr laosnu'khy jgs gSa vkSj blhfy, mudh fQYesa O;kolkf;d gksus ds lkFk leL;kewyd Hkh cu iM+h gSaA lu 1959 esa gh vfookfgr ekr`Ro dh leL;k ls tw>us okyh fL=k;ksa ds thou ds fc[kjko vkSj mldh ifj.kfr dks n'kkZus okyh l'kä fQYe ^/kwy dk Qwy* ch-vkj-pksiM+k ds gh funsZ'ku esa vkbZA vfookfgr ekr`Ro ds ifj.kkeLo:i tUe ysuh okyh larku voS/k ?kksf"kr dh tkrh gS vkSj mldk thou ukjdh; gks tkrk gSA ;g ,d cgqr gh laosnu'khy fo"k; gS ftls fQYe }kjk lekt ds lEeq[k ykus dk lkgl ch-vkjpksiM+k us fd;k gSA ;s fQYesa lekt dks ,slh fo"ke fLFkfr;ksa ls cpus ds fy, vkxkg djrh gSa vkSj mu fLFkfr;ksa ds i;Zolku dks csckdh ls izLrqr dj fL=k;k¡ ds i{k esa lekt dks [kM+s gksus dk lkgl iznku djrh gSaA ch-vkj-pksiM+k viuh ,d vkSj fQYe ^balkQ dk rjktw* ¼1959½ esa cykRdkfjr ihfM+rk dks U;k; fnykrs gSaA cykRdkfjr L=kh ihfM+rk ds :i esa lekt ds lEeq[k vkus ls vkt Hkh Mjrh gS bl fo"k; ij cgqr de fQYesa cuh gSa blfy, bls ,d ubZ lkgliw.kZ izLrqfr ds :i esa Lohdkj fd;k x;kA fganh fQYesa izkjEHk ls ewyr% L=kh iz/kku gh jgha gSaA fganh fQYedkjksa us Hkkjrh; L=kh ds lHkh :iksa dks fQYeksa esa izLrqr fd;k gSA ?kjsyw L=kh] dkedkth L=kh] fdlku L=kh] fookfgr vkSj vfookfgr L=kh vkfnA tq>k: L=kh] la?k"kZ'khy L=kh vkSj vU;k;& vR;kpkj ls yM+us okyh L=kh vkfn :i fganh fQYeksa esa izeq[k :i ls vkrs jgs gSaA jktdiwj }kjk fufeZr ^izsejksx* ¼1982½ esa vkfHktkR; ifjokj dh fo/kok ;qorh ^euksjek* ¼in~feuh dksYgkiqjh½ dk fookg lkekU; oxZ ds ;qod ^nso/kj* ¼_f"k diwj½ ls djokdj oxZ oS"kE; dks feVkus dh igy dh gS] dh xbZ gSA bl fQYe esa ,d vksj oxZ&la?k"kZ gS rks nwljh vksj vkfHktkR; ifjokjksa esa izPNUu :i ls izpfyr L=kh 'kks"k.k dk f?kukSuk :i Hkh vuko`Ùk gqvk gSA ;s fQYesa mins'kkRed vkSj lans'kkRed fQYesa gSaA blh Js.kh esa vkj-ds- fQYEl ds cSuj rys cuh fQYe ^izsexzUFk* Hkh vkrh gS tks fd cykRdkfjr L=kh ds mRihM+u vkSj rn~tfur ifj.kkeksa dks n'kkZrh gSA bl fQYe ds ek/;e ls ,slh

dYiuk ykteh ykafNr fL=k;ksa dks lekt esa Lohdkj djus dh igy dh x;h gSA mlh le; esa ckWyhoqM dh eq[;/kkjk esa 1980 esa ^vk'kk*] ^ek¡x Hkjks ltuk*] ^FkksMh lh cscQkbZ*] ^T;ksfr cus Tokyk* cuhA fQYedkj ch-vkj- pksiM+k us ml le; ftl fo"k; dks pquk og csgn cksYM Fkk] fQYe Fkh ^balkQ dk rjktw* fdl rjg cykRdkj dh f'kdkj efgyk viuh yM+kbZ vdsyh yM+rh gS bls yksxksa us igyh ckj cM+s ijns ij ns[kk] blds ckn ^lkS fnu lkl ds* vkSj js[kk vfHkuhr ^[kwclwjr* tSlh fQYe vkbZ] 1982 esa jktdiwj us fo/kok fookg tSls egRoiw.kZ lkekftd eqís ij ^izse jksx* cukbZ 1990 rd vkrs&vkrs lekt esa dbZ jktuhfrd vkSj vkfFkZd ifjorZu gq;s ftldh Nk;k fQYeksa esa Hkh lkQ fn[kkbZ nsus yxhA eqä cktkj us ns'k esa if'peh phtksa ds fy;s njokts [kksy fn;s x;sA QyLo:i L=kh dks ,d czkaM ds :i esa izLrqr fd;k tkus yxk A dYiuk ykteh us 1993 eas ^#nkyh* cukbZ] ckn esa ruqtk pUnz] jhrk dkxrh] Qjgk [kku] vuq"kk fjtoh] es?kuk xqytkj vkfn bl fn'kk eas vkxs vkbZA fganh fQYeksa esa efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk dks utjvankt ugha fd;k tk ldrkA Hkkjrh; lekt ds #f<+oknh :[k ds ckotwn ftu fQYeksa esa ukjh 'kfä dk vnHkqr ns[kus dks feyk os fQYesa Fkh] nsonkl] ^cafnuh*] ^lkgc&choh vkSj xqyke*] ^vFkZ*] ^vadqj*]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

71 ^Hkwfedk*] ^eaMh*] ^Li'kZ*] ^vk¡/kh*] ^ikdhtk*] ^mejko tku*] ^xqìh*] ^feyh*] ^thou /kkjk*] ^vkf[kj D;ksa*] ^eklwe*] ^tqcSnk*] ^eEeksa*] ^ifjf.krk*] ^yTtk*] ^pd ns bafM;k* vkfn fganh fQYeksa esa efgykvksa dh Hkwfedk;sa mYys[kuh; ekuh tkrh jgsaxhA dbZ izfrHkk'kkyh fQYe fuekZrkvksa us vkxzgiwoZd vkSj lEekutud ;FkkFkZoknh cudj viuh fQYeksa esa efgykvksa dks lgh vkSj etcwr i{k fpf=kr djus dh dksf'k'k dh gS] bl 'kSyh ea lR;thr js] e`.kky lsu] egcwc [kku] _f"kds'k eq[kthZ] egs'k Hkê] veksy ikysdj vkfn dk uke fo'okl ds lkFk fy;k tk ldrk gSA fganh fQYesa gj ;qx esa cnyrs ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds lkFk Hkkjrh; lekt ds gj :i vkSj jax dks fdlh u fdlh :i esa izLrqr djus esa lQy gqbZ gSaA vkt dk nkSj fQYeksa dk gh nkSj gSA fQYesa gh eq[; euksjatu vkSj Kku&foKku dks lao`) djus dk dkjxj lk/ku gSA fQYe izLrqrhdj.k dh 'kSyh esa cnyko vo'; fn[kkbZ nsrk gS fdUrq blds dsanz esa O;fä vkSj lekt ds varlaZca/k gh jgs gSaA fuf'pr :i ls fQYesa lekt dks ,d ubZ lksp ns ldrh gSaA Hkkjrh; flusek 3 ebZ] 2013 dks vius lkS lky iwjs dj pqdk gSA bu lkS lkyksa esa mlus dbZ ;k=kk,¡ dh gSa] dbZ iM+koksa dks ikj

fd;k gSA lekt esa ftrus vkanksyu] ifjorZu gq, lHkh dks fganh flusek us vius dF; dk vk/kkj cuk;k fQj L=kh tks fd ifjokj] jk"Vª dh /kqjh gS mldks dSls vuns[kk dj fn;k tkrkA flusek us viuh ftEenkjh iwjh rjg fuHkkbZ gSA mlus dHkh Hkh L=kh vkSj mlds ljksdkjksa ls viuk iYyk ugha >kM+k vfirq og L=kh ds lkFk ltx jgdj [kM+k jgk gSA iw.kZ dgha dqN ugha gksrk] tks gS oks xfr esa gS] izokg esa gSA fganh flusek] ukf;dkvksa ds fofHkUu i{k] leL;kvksa] izfrHkkvksa dks ysdj viuh xfr esa vkxs c<+ jgk gS vkSj c<+sxkA ;s izokg dgk¡ rd tk,xk dqN irk ugha] izokg dh fn'kk r; ugha] dqN fuf'pr y{; ugha] cl tks tSlk gS] tSlk py jgk gS] tks ifjorZu vk jgs gSa mUgsa fn[kkuk flusek dk dke gSA lekt pkgs rks lh[ks] lksps] le>s u pkgs rks flusek dks dsoy euksjatu dk lk/ku le>sA ij lp rks ;gh gS dh ,d funsZ'kd] ;k fdlh Hkh izdkj ds ys[kd dk viuk ,d y{; gksrk gh gS] ,d lksp gksrh gh gS] vc mudh lksp mudk utfj;k gekjs utfj;s ls fdruk esy [kkrk gS bl ij fuHkZj djrk gS gekjs lkfgR; ;k flusek dks ilan fd;k tkukA ysf[kdk Lora=k i=kdkj ,oa dfo gSaA

cPps [kq'k jgsa] blfy, ?kjksa esa usV&Vhoh cSu vesfjdk dh flfydkWu oSyh ds LVsuj okWYMksQZ Ldwy ds cPps tc ,iy dh ckr djrs gSa rks bldk eryc gksrk gS] vkt yap esa os lsc ysdj vk, gSaA tc MwMy dh ckr djrs gSa rks ;g xwxy okyk ugha gksrkA cfYd ;g dYiuk'khyrk ls mdsjh xbZ csrjrhc lh fp=kdkjh gksrh gSA blls Hkh [kkl ;g fd ;s cPps mu iSjsaV~l ds gSa] tks xwxy vkSj ekbØkslkW¶V tSlh daifu;ksa esa vkyk ntsZ dh VsDuksykWth vkSj xStsV~l btkn djrs gSaA ,sls 80 Qhlnh ls T;knk is'ksoj vius cPpksa dks blh Ldwy esa Mkyus dks roTtks nsrs gSaA D;ksafd ;gka 12 lky dh mez rd cPpksa dks daI;wVj] eksckby] VScysV ls nwj j[kk tkrk gSA d{kk,a Hkh ^LekVZ* ugha gksrhaA cfYd VªsMh'kuy rjhds ls CySd cksMZ] fQftdy ,fDVfoVh vkSj ,DlisfjesaVy yfuZax ls i<+k;k tkrk gSA tks cPps gkWLVy esa ugha jgrs] muds fy, Hkh Ldwy iq[rk bartke djrk gS fd os Vhoh] baVjusV] daI;wVj ls nwj jgsaA cM+s ls cM+s is'ksoj Hkh ;gh pkgrs gSaA ,d okd;k 2010 dk gSA ,iy ds LVho tkWCl ls ,d i=kdkj us iwN fy;k] ^vkids cPps rks vkbZiSM cgqr ilan djrs gksaxs\* LVho us likV lk tokc fn;k] ^ughaA mUgksaus bls ;wt ugha fd;kA ?kj ij cPps VsDuksykWth dk fdruk bLrseky djsaxs] ;g geus r; dj j[kk gSA* ,sls gh] ekbØkslkW¶V esa eSustj jgs fi,js ykWjsV us xStsV~l ds bLrseky ij cSu yxk j[kk gSA xsfeax IysVQkWeZ IysLVs'ku esa fMtkbuj jgs djhe rkvkscSth dk dguk gS] ^eSa csVh dks eksVkis dk f'kdkj gksrs ugha ns[k ldrkA blfy, ge mls [ksyus ds fy, xStsV~l ds ctk, jax] dyj cqd vkSj f[kykSus nsrs gSaA*

---vkSj gekjs ns'k esa gkykr myV & ,lkspSe ds losZ ds eqrkfcd] ns'k esa 8&13 lky ds djhc 73 izfr'kr cPps baVjusV ij lfØ; gSaA & 'kgjh bykdksa esa 13 lky rd ds 3 djksM+ cPpksa ds ikl viuk eksckby gSA tcfd 1 djksM+ cPps eksckby dks ifjokj ds lkFk bLrseky djrs gSaA & 5&7 lky ds cPps lks'ky ehfM;k ij jkst vkSlru 3-4 ?kaVs Vhoh ns[krs gSaA

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vkoj.k dFkk-9 Le`fr vkfnR;

c<+ jgk gS ncnck egkuxjksa esa laLd`fr dks ^fod`fr* esa ifj.kr djus ds geys fujarjrk ls tkjh gSA ml ij ls lQyrk izkfIr ds fy, bartkj djuk vkSj lgh&xyr ds >esys esa iM+uk vk/kqfud dU;kvksa dks ukxokj xqtjrk gSA og Hkh rc tc og vius ls derj dks rsth ls vkxs c<+rs gq, ns[krh gSA cjl igys rd ehfM;k esa v¡xqfy;ksa ij fxuh vk ttkuslsokyhdqN efgyk,¡ FkhaA ysfdu vkt fLFkfr fHkUu gSA vkt ehfM;k&txr dk ,slk dksbZ dksuk ugha tgk¡ efgyk,¡ vkRefo'okl vkSj n{krk ls ekspkZ ugha laHkky jgh gksA foxr o"kksaZ esa fizaV] bysDVªkWfud vkSj baVjusV i=kdkfjrk dh nqfu;k esa efgyk Loj iz[kjrk ls mHkjs gSaA bl txexkgV dk ,d vge dkj.k ;g gS fd i=kdkfjrk ds fy, ftl okafNr laosnu'khyrk dh t#jr gksrh gS og efgykvksa esa uSlfxZd :i ls ikbZ tkrh gSA i=kdkfjrk esa ,d fof'k"V fdLe dh laosnu'khyrk dh vko';drk gksrh gS vkSj lekukarj :i ls dq'kyrkiwoZd vfHkO;ä djus dh HkhA laokn vkSj laosnuk ds lqfu;ksftr lfEeJ.k dk uke gh lqUnj i=kdkfjrk gSA efgykvksa esa laokn ds Lrj ij Lo;a dks vfHkO;ä djus dk xq.k Hkh iq#"kksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd csgrj gksrk gSA ;gh otg jgh gS fd ehfM;k esa efgykvksa dk xfjeke;h opZLo c<+k gSA laosnuk ds Lrj ij tc rd oafprksa dh vkg] iqdkj vkSj t#jr ,d i=kdkj dks fopfyr ugha djrh mldh ys[kuh esa xgurk ugha vk ldrhA ysfdu egt laosnu'khy gksdj i=kdkfjrk ugha dh tk ldrh D;ksafd blls Hkh vf/kd vge gS ml vkg ;k iqdkj dks n`<+rkiwoZd ,d eap iznku djukA ;gk¡ ftl lq;ksX; larqyu dh njdkj gS og Hkh fu%lansg efgykvksa esa fufgr gSA viokn laHko gS] ysfdu eksVs rkSj ij ;g ,d lp gS ftls oSKkfud Hkh izekf.kr dj pqds gSaA i=kdkj dh rhljh egRoiw.kZ ;ksX;rk xgu voyksdu {kerk vkSj iSuh n`f"V dgh tkrh gSA ;gk¡ Hkh efgykvksa dk iyM+k Hkkjh gSA ftl ckjhdh ls og cky dh [kky fudky ldrh gS og flQZ mlh ds cl dh ckr gSA

fiNys dqN lkyksa esa ehfM;k esa efgykvksa us ,d vkSj Hkze dks fljs ls [kkfjt fd;k gSA ;k dgsa fd yxHkx pVdk fn;k gS] og ;g fd i=kdkj gksus ds fy, ;g drbZ t:jh ugha fd yM+dksa dh rjg diM+s igus tk,¡A ;k cl :[kh&lw[kh yM+fd;k¡ gh i=kdkj gks ldrh gSA vius ukjhRo dk lEeku djrs gq, vkSj 'kkyhurk dk;e j[krs gq, Hkh l'kä i=kdkfjrk dh tk ldrh gS] ;g lp Hkh blh nkSj dh i=kdkfjrk esa fn[kkbZ fn;k gSA blh ls tqM+h lekt dh ,d vkSj xyrQgeh fd lt&/kt dj ^vU;kU;* rjhdksa ls vkxs c<+h gksxhA fdUrq okLrfodrk dqN vkSj gS vxj izfrHkk dh ped ugha gksxh rks ^xyr* lhf<+;ksa ls feyh eafty eq¡g ds cy yk iVdrh gSA lkSUn;Z volj rks fnyk ldrk gS exj LFkkf;Ro vkSj lQyrk ughaA dk;Z&dq'kyrk vkSj esgur ds cy ij feyh lQyrk pkgs /khesa feys ij psgjs ls utj vkrh gS vkSj fHkUu rjhdksa ls feyh lQyrk vkjaHk esa pedrh gS ysfdu FkksM+s gh le; ckn psgjk Nqikus dks ck/; djrh gSA gkyk¡fd bl lp ls badkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd ehfM;k esa ;g ^lc&dqN* gksrk gSA vPNh [kcj ;g gS fd fgUnh cgqy {ks=kksa esa vHkh bl ^¶yw* dk izdksi mruk ugha QSyk gS ftruk egkuxjksa esaA ysfdu mlds fy, Hkh lh/ks rkSj ij uk rks efgyk,¡ ftEesnkj dgh tk ldrh gS uk ehfM;kA ifjfLFkfr] laLdkj vkSj ewY; cnys gSaA t:jrsa cnyh gSaA lksp vkSj utfj, esa QdZ vk;k gSA efgyk Lora=krk vkanksyuksa us lekurk ls vkxs ;kSu&'kqfprk ij iz'u [kM+s djus 'kq: dj fn, gSaA egkuxjksa esa laLd`fr dks ^fod`fr* esa ifj.kr djus ds geys fujarjrk ls tkjh gSA ml ij ls lQyrk izkfIr ds fy, bartkj djuk vkSj lgh&xyr ds >esys esa iM+uk vk/kqfud dU;kvksa dks ukxokj xqtjrk gSA og Hkh rc tc og vius ls derj dks rsth ls vkxs c<+rs gq, ns[krh gSA ,sls esa vius ikl vklkuh ls miyC/k

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

73 jkLrksa dks vktekus esa mls dksbZ cqjkbZ utj ugha vkrhA ;gk¡ bls fQj Li"V djrs pysa fd ;g O;xzrk mUgha ^pan* dU;kvksa esa ikbZ tkrh gS ftUgsa viuh izfrHkk] ys[kuh vkSj esgur ij fo'okl ughaA ckotwn blds fd ehfM;k&txr esa efgykvksa dk 'kks"k.k fofHkUu Lrjksa ij gksrk gS] esjk izcy vkxzg gS fd ,slk rc gh gS tc efgykvksa dh blesa ekSu Lohd`fr 'kkfey gksA vU;Fkk tc rd O;fä [kqn uk pkgs mls uk rks 'kksf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gS uk izrkfM+rA fQj ;g tqeyk i<+rs pysa fd viokn gj txg gSa] gksrs gSa]

'kh?kz izdk';&

gksus pkfg, D;ksafd lgh&xyr dk varj gj ;qx esa Fkk vkSj jgsxkA bl ^lgh* dks igpkuus ds fy, viokn t:jh gSA ehfM;k esa vkils igys vkidh izfrHkk vkSj n{krk [kqn cksyrh gSA ;gk¡ Ny] Nn~e] >wB vkSj eDdkjh vkidks ys Mwcrs gSaA eSa ekurh gw¡ fd efgykvksa ds fy, ;g lqjf{kr {ks=k gS cl bls lEekutud Hkh cuk jgus nsa] ;g ehfM;k dh gh ftEesnkjh gSA vkSj ;g ehfM;k D;k gS\ ge gh rks gSaA ge ls gh rks gSaA blds ewY; cps jgsa] nqvk dhft,A ysf[kdk oscnqfu;k MkVdke dh Qhpj ,MhVj gSaA

y{;fu"B y[khjke Jh y[khjke vxzoky Le`fr xzaFk

laiknd% lat; f}osnh

lykgdkj laiknd% csuh izlkn xqIrk Lo- y[khjke vxzoky dks ;kn djuk lgh ek;us esa jktuhfr dh ml ijaijk dks ;kn djuk gS tks vkt nqyZHk gks x;h gSA e/;izns'k vkSj NÙkhlx<+ ds lkoZtfud vkSj lkekftd thou esas mudh mifLFkfr vkt Hkh yksxksa dh Le`fr;ksa esa gSA [kjfl;k uxj ikfydk ds v/;{k in ls izkjaHk mudh jktuhfrd ;k=k esa nks ckj jkT;lHkk lnL; vkSj e/;izns'k rFkk NÙkhlx<+ Hkktik dk v/;{k gksus dk xkSjo Hkh tqM+kgSA y[khjke th izFker% vkSj varr% laxBu ds dk;ZdrkZ FksA ys[ku vkSj i=dkfjrk esa Hkh mudk lkFkZd gLr{ksi jgkA os o"kkZsa rd ukxiqj VkbEl vkSj ;qx/keZ ds laoknnkrk jgs vkSj ckn esa Lo;a dk ,d nSfud i= ^yksdLoj* fcykliqj ls izkjaHk fd;kA e/;izns'k&NÙkhlx<+ ds lekt thou vkSj jktuhfr esa mudk ,d [kkl LFkku jgk gSA mudh Le`fr dks thoar cukus ds fy, muds O;fDrRo vkSj d`frRo ij dsfUnzr ,d Le`fr xzaFk ds izdk'ku dk fu.kZ; ^ehfM;k foe'kZ* ifjokj us fy;k gSA ;g xzaFk mudh Le`fr;ksa dk ,d laxzg rks cusxk gh lkFk gh vkus okyh ih<+h ds fy, iszj.kk Hkh nsrk jgsxkA laidZ& ehfM;k foe'kZ] 428] jksfgr uxj] Qst&1] bZ&8 ,DlVsa'ku] Hkksiky 462039 ¼e-iz-½ eksckby& 09893598888] bZ&esy& mediavimarsh@gmail.com

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vkoj.k dFkk-10 vkfnR; dqekj feJ

fganh flusek esa ukjh la?k"kZ% fp=k.k vkSj lekt lekt esa vfookfgr efgyk }kjk mRiUu larku dks ^voS/k larku* dgk tkrk gSA ,slh efgyk vkSj mlds cPps dks lekt cgqr gh ?k`.kk dh utj ls ns[krk gSA 1959 esa ch- vkj- pksiM+k ds funsZ'ku esa cuh ^/kwy dk Qwy* fQYe blh leL;k ls xzLr ,d vfookfgr efgyk vkSj mlds cPps ds ukjdh; thou dks lkeus ykrh gSA flusek us le;&le; ij jk"Vªh; vkanksyu] bZ'oj Hkfä] fga nhtkr&ikr] NwvkNwr] lkEiznkf;drk] fdlku mRihM+u] ngst] efgyk mRihM+u vkfn fo"k;ksa dks xaHkhjrk ls mBk;k gSA fganh flusek esa efgykvksa ds eqíksa dh ckr djus ls iwoZ Hkkjrh; ifjos'k esa iq#"kksa dh rqyuk esa fL=k;ksa dh fLFkfr ij utj Mkysa rks ge ikrs gSa fd 2011 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj ^Hkkjr dh dqy tula[;k 1]21]01]93]422 gS ftlesa 62]37]24]248 iq#"kksa dh rqyuk esa 58]64]69]174 efgyk,a gSaA dsjy vkSj dsanz 'kkflr izns'k ikafMpsjh dks NksM+dj Hkkjr dk dksbZ Hkh ,slk jkT; ugha gS tgka fL=k;ksa dh la[;k iq#"kksa ds cjkcj ;k muls T;knk gksA Hkkjr dh dqy lk{kjrk nj 74-0 izfr'kr gS ftlesa iq#"kksa dh lk{kjrk nj 82-14 izfr'kr dh rqyuk esa efgykvksa dh lk{kjrk nj egt 65-46 izfr'kr gS 1 Hkkjr esa izfr 1000 iq#"kksa dh rqyuk esa 940 efgyk,a gSaA* fL=k;ksa ds LokLF;] vkfFkZd fLFkfr vkSj Lora=krk dh ckr rks cgqr ckn esa vkrh gS mudks rks iSnk gksus dk vf/kdkj Hkh iq#"kksa ds leku ugha gSA dU;k Hkzw.k gR;k dh leL;k vHkh Hkh cuh gqbZ gSA fL=k;ksa dks dqiks"k.k] foijhr 'kkjhfjd&ekufld fLFkfr;ksa ds ckotwn iq#"kksa ds lkFk cjkcjh ds lkFk ukSdjh] etnwjh] NsM+NkM+] cykRdkj] tcju fookg] csesy fookg] rstkc geyk] fgalk vkfn ifjfLFkfr;ksa vkSj ;krukvksa dks lguk iM+rk gSA bu leL;kvksa ds chp Hkkjrh; lekt esa efgykvksa dh n'kk lq/kkjus ds fy, le;&le; ij vusd iz;kl gq, gSaA ßftl nkSj esa yM+fd;ksa dh f'k{kk ij ikcanh Fkh] lkfo=khckbZ Qqys ml nkSj esa u flQZ [kqn i<+ha] cfYd nwljh yM+fd;ksa ds i<+us dk Hkh cankscLr fd;kA 1952 esa mUgksaus vNwr ckfydkvksa ds fy, ,d fo|ky; dh LFkkiuk dh] fo/kok fookg djkus] nfyr efgykvksa dks f'kf{kr cukus ds fy, mUgksaus cgqr lkjs dk;Z fd;sAÞ2 ogha Hkkjrsanq gfj'panz us efgykvksa ds fy, o"kZ 1874 esa efgykvksa dh igyh if=kdk ^ckyk cksf/kfu* dh 'kq:vkr dhA if=kdk ls izsfjr gksdj dbZ efgykvksa us ys[ku dk dk;Z 'kq# fd;kA ßL=kh f'k{kk chloha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ)Z esa fganh izns'kksa ds ukjh vkanksyu dk

loZizeq[k eqík Fkk--- xka/kh ,d vksj tgka vkSjrksa ds lkekftd jktuhfrd xfrfof/k;ksa ds leFkZd Fks] ogha mudk bl ckr esa fo'okl ugha Fkk fd fL=k;ka i<+&fy[kdj ukSdjh ;k O;olk; djsa--jk"Vªh; vkanksyu esa 'kkfey reke efgyk usrkvksa ds fopkj vkSj O;ogkj xka/kh ds iqjkruiaFk dks leFkZu u nsus ds ckotwn xka/kh th ds gh vf/kd fudV FksA ftlds pyrs vkSjrksa dh Hkkjh rknkn xka/kh vkSj dkaxzsl ds usr`Ro okyh jk"Vªh; vkanksyu dh /kkjk ds lkFk vkdj [kM+h gks x;hAÞ3 ,d rjQ jk"Vªh; vkanksyu Fks rks nwljh rjQ fganh Hkk"kh {ks=k ds ukjh vkanksyuksa vkSj mldh if=kdkvksa }kjk inkZ izFkk] cky fookg] fo/kok fookg] iRuh dh e`R;q gksus ij iq#"kksa }kjk ckj&ckj fookg] L=kh f'k{kk vkSj fL=k;ksa ds jktuhfrd vf/kdkj dh leL;kvksa ij vkokt mBkbZ tk jgh FkhA ;g vkokt rRdkyhu fganh flusek esa tgka&rgka lqukbZ iM+us yxh FkhaA fganh fQYeksa esa csesy fookg] cky fookg] ngst izFkk] fL=k;ksa dk iq#"kksa }kjk mRihM+u ds fo#) izse fookg] vUrtkZrh; fookg] L=kh f'k{kk] L=kh dh O;fäxr&lkekftd vktknh vkfn ds i{k esa vkokt mBkus okyh fQYeksa dh ,d vPNh&[kklh la[;k fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA fL=k;ksa ds reke leL;kvksa dks mtkxj djus esa]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

75 fL=k;ksa dks lkgl nsus esa] tkx#d djus vkSj lekt dks jkg fn[kkus esa fganh flusek us c<+&p<+dj iz;kl fd;s gSaA bl ckr esa dksbZ 'kd ugha gS fd igys dh rqyuk esa vc efgykvksa ds eqíksa dks mruh xaHkhjrk ls ugha fn[kk;k tkrk cfYd bu eqíksa dks Hkqukdj iSlk cuk;k tk jgk gSA vktdy dh fQYeksa esa ßL=kh dh okLrfod leL;kvksa dks mBkus dk iz'u rks nwj] mYVs L=kh dh dkeqd] mUeqä vkSj LoPNan Nfo ijksldj leL;kvksa dks c<+k;k t:j tk jgk gSA dkWdVsy] MVhZ fiDpj] ftLe] ghjksbZu] eMZj vkSj tgj tSlh fQYesa iq#"kksa dks ,slh fL=k;ksa ds LoIu fn[kkrh gSa tks dkesPNk ls Hkjh] ;kSu LoPNan vkSj mUeqä gSaAÞ4 blds ckotwn gekjs lekt esa bafXy'k&foafXy'k tSlh fQYesa Hkh vkrh gS tks vkt ds nkSj esa efgykvksa dks la?k"kZ ds fy, izsfjr djrh gSaA

vieku vkSj frjLdkj dks Bsaxk fn[kkrh ^bafXy'k&foafXy'k*] ^Dohu*& vkerkSj ij fganh Hkk"kh yksx fdlh dks QjkZVsnkj vaxzsth cksyrs ns[kdj ghu Hkkouk ls xzLr gks tkrs gSa vkSj vius vkidks de le>us yxrs gSaA ^bafXy'k foafXy'k* fQYe ,slh gh ,d fganh Hkk"kh efgyk dh dgkuh gSA mldh csVh iSjsaV~l&Vhpj ehfVax esa mlds lkFk Ldwy tkus esa 'kfeaZnxh eglwl djrh gS D;ksafd mldh eka Ldwy esa yksxksa ls vaxzsth esa ckr ugha dj ikrhA vaxzsth 'kCnksa ds xyr mPpkj.k ds dkj.k ?kj ij ifr vkSj cPps mldk etkd mM+krs gSaA 'kf'k ?kj ij yìw cukdj csprh gS] ysfdu bls cgqr NksVk dke le>k tkrk gSA mldk ifr ;g dgdj 'kf'k dk etkd mM+krk gS fd ;s rks iSnk gh yìw cukus ds fy, gqbZ gSA tc og viuh cgu dh csVh dh 'kknh ds fy, U;w;kWdZ tkrh gS rks vaxzsth dk Hkwr ogka Hkh mldk ihNk ugha NksM+rkA ?kj&ifjokj ds ckn fj'rsnkjksa ds lkeus Hkh 'kfeaZnxh mBkus dh fLFkfr vkus ij og ogka vaxzsth lh[kus dk QSlyk djrh gSA U;w;kWdZ esa tc 'kf'k vdsyh bafXy'k Dykl esa tkrh gS vkSj FkksM+h&cgqr bl Hkk"kk ls ifjfpr gksrh gS rks mlesa vkRefo'okl vkus yxrk gSA og [kqn ls I;kj djus yxrh gS vkSj mldh ,d ubZ ;k=kk 'kq: gksrh gSA fQYe esa crk;k x;k gS fd efgyk,a vxj Bku ysa rks viuh detksfj;ksa ij rkus dlus okys lekt dks viuh ;ksX;rk ls lksp cnyus ij etcwj dj ldrh gSaA blh rjg Dohu fQYe esa uk;d }kjk [kqn dks ukf;dk ^jkuh* ls gkbZ LVsVl dk le>dj Bqdjk nsus ds ckn Hkh jkuh dk gkj ugha ekuuk vkSj vius gkSlys dh ia[kksa ls ÅapkbZ Nwus dh dgkuh fn[kkbZ x;h gSA jkuh dks mldk gksus okyk ifr fot; 'kknh ds nks fnu igys crkrk gS fd LVsVl esa

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

lekurk u gksus ds dkj.k og ;g 'kknh ugha dj ldrkA yanu ls ykSVus ds ckn mls jkuh fiNM+h gqbZ yxrh gSA rc jkuh ftlus dHkh lM+d Hkh vdsys ikj ugha dh Fkh] guhewu ij vdsys tkus dk QSlyk djrh gSA og vdsyh isfjl ds fy, fudy iM+rh gS vkSj ogka ls ,ElVZMeA ;wa rks Hkkjr esa yM+fd;ksa dks vfr&lqjf{kr ekgkSy esa j[kk tkrk gS] yM+fd;ka tgka Hkh tkrh gSa muds lkFk mudk HkkbZ ;k dksbZ u dksbZ lxk Hkh lkFk esa tkrk gS] ysfdu ^Dohu* fQYe esa jkuh ds tfj;s fn[kk;k x;k gS fd tc og vdsys lQj djrh gS] gksVy esa :drh gS] pksj ls fHkM+rh gS] rks mlesa vkRefo'okl tkxrk gSA fQYe esa jkuh ds eaxsrj dk igys [kqn dks gkbZ LVsVl dk le>uk ckn esa ân; ifjorZu gks tkuk iq#"k iz/kku lekt ds >wBs naHk dks n'kkZrk gSA eaxsrj }kjk Bqdjk fn;s tkus ds ckn Hkh jkuh }kjk Mjh&lgeh vkSj nq[kh jgus dh ctk; ftanxh dks vius ne ij] vius <ax ls thuk] fL=k;ksa esa lkgl vkSj tq>k:iu ds egRo dks n'kkZrk gSA

dqaokjh eka dk ^uktk;t* csVs ds fy, la?k"kZ dh xkFkk ^/kwy dk Qwy* lekt esa vfookfgr efgyk }kjk mRiUu larku dks ^voS/k larku* dgk tkrk gSA ,slh efgyk vkSj mlds cPps dks lekt cgqr gh ?k`.kk dh utj ls ns[krk gSA 1959 esa ch-vkj-pksiM+k ds funsZ'ku esa cuh ^/kwy dk Qwy* fQYe blh leL;k ls xzLr ,d vfookfgr efgyk vkSj mlds cPps ds ukjdh; thou dks lkeus ykrh gSA fQYedkj us bl laosnu'khy eqís dks vkSj ihfM+r efgyk ds la?k"kZ dks fQYe ds ek/;e ls lekt ds lkeus ykus dk lkgl fd;k gSA fQYe esa vius ,d lgikBh ls /kks[kk [kkdj ^rksgQs* esa xHkZ esa ,d cPps dks ysdj nj&nj dh Bksdj [kkus dks foo'k efgyk dh dgkuh fn[kkbZ xbZ gS fd fdl rjg vfookfgr efgyk tc cPps dks tUe nsrh gS rks og lekt dk lkeuk ugha dj ikrhA izseh ls /kks[kk [kkbZ ehuk uke dh efgyk vius uotkr cPps dks taxy esa NksM+

76 vkrh gSA dqN nsj ckn mldh eerk mls f/kDdkjrh gS] mls viuh xyrh dk ,glkl gksrk gS vkSj og cPps dks okil ysus taxy esa ml txg tkrh gS tgka mls og NksM+ vkbZ Fkh ysfdu og mls okil ugha ik ikrh D;ksafd cPps dks m/kj ls xqtj jgk vCnqy uke dk ,d balku ik tkrk gSA og mldk ikyu&iks"k.k djrk gSA cPpk tc cM+k gksrk gS rks Ldwy esa nkf[kys ds le; ls gh mls rjg&rjg dh leL;kvksa ls xqtjuk iM+rk gSA fizafliy cPps dk uke iwNrk gS rks vCnqy dgrk gS fd& jks'ku vyh ;k jks'kuyky dksbZ Hkh uke fy[k yhft,A fQYe esa fn[kk;k x;k gS fd lekt esa ^dqavkjh eka* dk nnZ mlds cPps dks Hkh >syuk iM+rk gSA cPpk tc Dykl esa tkrk gS rks mlds lgikBh vkil esa ckr djrs gSa& ßlquk rqeus jks'ku ds eka&cki dk irk ugha] vjs eka&cki D;k] jks'ku ds tkr&ikr rd dk irk ugha] muesa ls ,d Nk=k rst vkokt esa iwNrk gS rks D;k jks'ku gjkeh gS\Þ ml cPps dks Dykl ds vf/kdrj Nk=k vius cxy esa cSBus ugha nsrsA igpku ds ladV ls xzLr cPpk tc fdlh ds cxy esa cSBus tkrk gS rks mls ;g lquus dks feyrk& ;gka ugha fe;ka jks'ku vyh] ;gka ugha egk'k; jks'kuyky th] uks uks feLVj jks'ku! bl izdkj iwjk Dykl ml ij galrk gSA fQYe esa ,d izlax ,slk vkrk gS fd og eklwe cPpk >wBh pksjh ds bYtke esa vnkyr ds lkeus yk;k tkrk gSA ckrksa gh ckrksa esa tt ftls ugha ekywe gksrk fd og [kqn ml ^uktk;t* cPps dk cki gS] cPps ds ckjs esa dgrk gS& eSa bldh csxqukgh vkSj eklwfe;r dks vPNh rjg ls tkurk gwaA bldh fQrjr esa cnek'kh vkSj vkokjxh Hkjh gqbZ gSA ;g ,d ^uktk;t cPpk* gSA ftldk u dksbZ cki gS u eka gSA ,sls cPpksa ls 'kjkQr dh mEehn dHkh ugha dh tk ldrh! tokc esa ehuk tt ls lokyksa Hkjs utj ls dgrh gS bl cPps ls 'kjkQr dh mEehn blfy, ugha dh tk ldrh D;ksafd bldk cki cM+k ^'kjhQ* Fkk] ;s cPpk blfy, uktk;t gS fd bldh eka dh ftanxh dks ¼,d iq#"k }kjk½ f[kykSuk le>dj [ksyk x;kA ;s cPpk blfy, uktk;t gS D;ksafd bldh eka dh ftanxh cckZn djus okys us fdlh nwljh vkSjr ls 'kknh jpkdj viuk ?kj vkckn dj fy;kA ;ksj vkWuj eSa ml 'kjhQ vkneh dks] bl uktk;t cPps ds cki dks vPNh rjg igpku jgh gwaA eq>s ;dhu gS vki bl uktk;t cPps dh eka dks vPNh rjg igpku jgs gksaxsA tt ls dgh xbZ ehuk dh ;g ckr gekjs lekt ds reke mu ^bTtrnkj* yksxksa dh vksj b'kkjk djrh gS tks vkSjrksa dh ftanxh cckZn djds cPps lesr mls vdsyk NksM+ nsrs gSaA ßblh rjg ^D;k dguk* L=kh&'kks"k.k ds fo#) lekt dk fojks/k djrh yM+dh dh dgkuh gS] tks fcu&C;kgh ekWa

curh gS] ij vius xqukg esa iq#"k dks cjkcjh dk lk>snkj eku mls 5 Hkh ltk nsus dh ckr djrh gSAÞ ßlekt esa vkerkSj ij ge ns[krs gSa fd ,slh yM+fd;ka tks 'kknh ls igys eka cu tkrh gSa og Lo;a ;k mlds ?kj okys mldk pqids ls xHkZikr dj ekeys dks jQk&nQk djus dh dksf'k'k djrs gSaA blh rjg vf/kd fiNM+s lekt esa ;g Hkh laHko gS fd ,slh yM+dh lkekftd Hk; ds dkj.k Lo;a vius dks ekj Mkys ;k mlds ?kj okys mldks tku ls ekj nsaAÞ6 ysfdu bu nksuksa gh fQYeksa esa efgykvksa }kjk fcuk 'kknh ds xHkZ /kkj.k djus ds ckn xHkZikr djkus ;k iSnk gksus ds ckn cPps dks dgha lqulku esa vukFk NksM+dj Hkkxus ds fodYi dks izLrqr ugha fd;k x;k gSA /kwy dk Qwy fQYe esa ehuk igys cPps dks taxy esa NksM+ rks vkrh gS ysfdu tYn gh mls viuh xyrh dk ,glkl gks tkrk gS vkSj og vius cPps dks okil ysus tkrh gSA Hkys gh mls cPpk okil ugha feyrk ysfdu fQYedkj us bl fodYi dks udkj fn;k gS fd lekt ds Mj ls fcu C;kgh ekrk,a ,sls cPpksa dks taxy&>kM+h ;k unh&ukyksa ds fdukjs NksM+ vk,aA ßfjgkbZ fQYe dh ukf;dk ,d vupkgs laca/k ls Bgjs xHkZ dks cpkus vius izseh] ifr vkSj lkjs lekt ds lkeus MVdj [kM+h gks tkrh gSAÞ7 fcu C;kgh eka ;k voS/k fj'rksa ls tUesa larkuksa ij lR;dke ¼1969½] e`R;qnaM] vfLrRo] mldh iapoVh] bl rjg dh fQYesa lekt dks ,slh 'keZukd vkSj nq[kn ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls cpus ds fy, vkxkg djrh gSa vkSj lekt dks ihfM+r fL=k;ksa ds i{k esa [kM+s gksus dk lkgl iznku djrh gSaA

^ifr ijes'oj* dks balku cukrh L=kh dh dgkuh gS ^nqfu;k u ekus*& L=kh vxj vU;k;ksa dk fojks/k djuk NksM+ ns rks mls ix&ix ij ^dkaVks Hkjh jkg* ij pyuk iM+rk gSSA ysfdu ;gh L=kh tc ;FkkfLFkfr dks vLohdkj dj vius <ax ls fojks/k djus dh Bku ysrh gS rks lekt dks fL=k;ksa ds izfr vius joS;s dks cnyuk gh iM+rk gSA ^nqfu;k u ekus* fQYe esa fueZyk uke dh vukFk yM+dh vius ekek&ekeh ds lkFk jgrh gSA /ku ds yksHkh ekek&ekeh iSls ds ykyp esa fueZyk dh 'kknh ,d cw<+s vkneh ls dj nsrs gSa tcfd 'kknh ls igys fueZyk dks tks yM+dk fn[kk;k tkrk gS og toku jgrk gSA Ny&diV ls gqbZ 'kknh ds ckn yksHkh ekek ml cw<+s vehj vkneh ls r;'kqnk iSlk ysrk gS] vkSj cksyrk gS] thr fy;k---gks xbZ 'kknhA 'kknh ds ckn ifjokj ds lHkh yksx QksVks f[kapokrs gSa] yM+dh dks cqykus ,d NksVk cPpk vkrk gSA fueZyk dks jksrk ns[kdj oks jksus dk dkj.k iwNrk gSA fueZyk pqi jgrh gS rks og [kqn gh cksy iM+rk gS

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

77 ßrqEgkj nwYgk rks cM+k vehj vkneh gSA ekek dks oks brus&brus #i;k fnfg'kA vjs ge viuh vkaf[ku ns[khA lc tus feydj rw>s [kwc QalkbuA toku enZ fn[kkok x;k vkSj 'kknh cq<+ok ds lkFk HkokAÞ 'kknh ds ckn og vius cw<+s ifr ds ?kj pyh rks tkrh gS ysfdu og bl vU;k; ds fy, ifr vkSj mldh pkph dks tks lcd fl[kkrh gS og iwjs lekt ds lkeus ,d felky gSA bl cw<+s O;fä dh igyh iRuh ls gqbZ csVh fueZyk ls Hkh cM+h mez dh jgrh gSA lekt lsok ds dk;ksaZ dh otg ls og ?kj ls ckgj jgrh gSA tc og ?kj vkrh gS rks ikrh gS fd mlds firk us viuh csVh dh mez dh yM+dh ls 'kknh dj fy;k gSA gkykafd og bls vU;k; le>rh gS ysfdu vius firk vkSj nknh ds lkFk fueZyk ds O;ogkj dks ns[kdj og fueZyk ls loky djrh gS& lp dfg;s ftl rjg vki ?kj okyksa ls crkZo djrh gSa blls vkidks T;knk nq[k ugha gksrk\ fueZyk tokc nsrh gS& ßnq[k fdruk gh c<+s eSa cnkZ'r d#axh] exj vU;k; ugha lgu d#axhA eqlhcrksa ds igkM+ lj ij VwVs] eSa viuh riL;k ugha NksM+waxhA ;s esjh ykijokgh] ;s esjk crkZo lkjh nqfu;k ij tkfgj gks vkSj tks cw<+s 'kknh dh bPNk j[krs gSa muds fny ng'kr ls FkjkZ,A cw<+s yksx fdlh cPph ls 'kknh djus ls igys lksps fd fueZyk tSlh Mk;u vius ikys iM+sxh D;k] bl [kkSQ ls os /kjrh esa lek tk,a vkSj esjs bl dke ls ,d Hkh dqavkjh dU;k dk xyk dVrs&dVrs cp tk, rks eSa le>waxh fd esjh riL;k dk Qy feykA cw<+s dh yM+dh dgrh gS fd fdrus [kkSQukd 'kCn] fdrus Hk;kud ij lquus esa fdrus lqanj--- exj nqfu;k ugha ekusxhA fueZyk dgrh gS& nqfu;k u ekus ysfdu /ku ds insZ esa Hkksyh cfPp;ksa dk xyk dkVus okyksa dks ge ltk D;ksa u nsa\Þ fueZyk dh ;s ckrsa lekt ds ml oxZ ds eqag ij rekpk gS tks cw<+s O;fä;ksa dks de mez dh yM+fd;ksa ls 'kknh dh btktr nsrk gSA bu lkjh ckrksa dks ckgj [kM+k lqu jgk fueZyk dk cw<+k ifr ^cw<+s dh vkSjr] cw<+k&cw<+k* 'kCn cqncqnkrk gqvk nwljs dejs ij pyk tkrk gSA ckn ds ?kVukØe cw<+s dk yM+dk viuh e;kZnk yka?kdj viuh ^lkSrsyh eka* fueZyk ij cqjh fuxkg Mkyrk gS vkSj vius firk ds lkeus gh fueZyk dks mV&iVkax ckrsa lqukrk gSA og vius firk dks Hkh rkus ekjrk gSA ;gka Hkh fueZyk pqi&pki lgu ugha djrh cfYd ml nq"V yM+ds dks MaMs ls ihVrh gS vkSj og Hkkx [kM+k gksrk gSA fueZyk ds la?k"kZ vkSj O;ogkj ls cw<+s dk ân; ifjorZu gks tkrk gSA og viuh mez dk [;ky u djrs gq, de mez dh fueZyk ls 'kknh djus ds fy, mlls ekQh ekaxrk gSA vius gh gkFkksa mlds ekFks dk flanwj iksN Mkyrk gSA og fueZyk dks csVh dgdj iqdkjrk gSA fueZyk lekt dh nqgkbZ nsrh gS]

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

nqfu;k dh jhfr&fjoktksa dh ckr djrh gS rks og cM+h gh U;k;fiz; ckrsa dgrk gS vkSj nqfu;k vkSj /keZ ds vkMacjksa dks ekuus ls budkj dj nsrk gSA ^nqfu;k u ekus* fQYe iwjs lekt dks [kklrkSj ls fL=k;ksa dks ;g lh[k nsrh gS fd eka&cki ;k vfHkHkkod }kjk fdlh ls Hkh 'kknh djk nsus dks vka[k ewan dj Lohdkj u djsa vkSj v;ksX; ifr dks ijes'oj u ekusaA vius deksaZ vkSj O;ogkj ls lekt esa izpfyr ^ifr ijes'oj* dks lH; balku cukus dk iz;kl djsaA ge ns[krs gSa fd fQYedkjksa us le;&le; ij fganh flusek esa efgykvksa ds 'kks"k.k dks eqík cuk;k gS vkSj efgyk ik=kksa }kjk vU;k; ds vkxs flj >qdkus dh ctk; la?k"kZ dk jkLrk pqurs fn[kk;k x;k gSA gkykafd efgykvksa ds eqíksa dks dqN fQYedkjksa }kjk Hkqukdj iSlk dek;k tk jgk gS fdarq fganh flusek ds ldkjkRed i{kksa dh vksj /;ku nsa rks ge ikrs gSa fd blus lekt dks viuh lksp dks cnyus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k gSA fganh fQYeksa esa fL=k;ksa dk la?k"kZ fp=k.k gekjs lekt ds fy, vkbus dk dke djrk gSA fL=k;ka fganh flusek ds vkbus esa viuk vkn'kZ pqu ldrh gSa vkSj cqjh ifjfLFkfr;ka vkus ij vius vkn'kZ ds ekxZ dk vuqlj.k dj ldrh gSaA lanHkZ lwph 1-

https://hi-wikipedia-org/wiki/

Hkkjr dh tux.kuk 2011 2-

https://hi-wikipedia-org/wiki/lkfo=khckbZ Qqys

3-

fganh flusek% ,d ,sfrgkfld v/;;u] vadqj] panzHkw"k.k] ist ua& 130] 131] 133] 134] laLdj.k 1994] jkgqy ifCyf'kax gkÅl] fnYyh&110052 ehfM;k foe'kZ] flag] MkW-Jhdkar] ist ua- 112] twu] 2013 flusek vkSj lkfgR; dk var%laca/k] felky] MkW- pUnzdkar] ist ua&100] laLdj.k 2014] fganh lkfgR; fudsru] 16 lkfgR; fogkj] fctukSj ¼m-iz-½ fganh flusek dk lekt'kkL=k] ikj[k] tojheYy] ist ua- 189] laLdj.k&2006] izdk'kd& xzaFk f'kYih flusek vkSj lkfgR; dk var%laca/k] felky] MkW- pUnzdkar] ist ua&93] laLdj.k 2014] fganh lkfgR; fudsru] 16 lkfgR; fogkj] fctukSj ¼m-iz-½

45-

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bafXy'k&foafXy'k] funsZ'kd&xkSjh f'kans] o"kZ&2012 Dohu] funsZ'kd& fodkl cgy] o"kZ&2014 /kwy dk Qwy] funsZ'kd& ch- vkj- pksiM+k] o"kZ&1959 nqfu;k u ekus] funsZ'kd&oh-'kkarkjke] o"kZ&1937 ys[kd egkRek xka/kh varjjk"Vªh; fganh fo'ofo|ky;] o/kkZ esa 'kks/k Nk=k gSaA

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Cover Story- 11 Puja Mishra

Media Should be a forerunner in women empowerment Today's Indian media does not earnestly address serious issues of exploitation and unequal treatment of women in society, but is keen to jump on news items that can be sensationalized. It is true that media has highlighted, like never before, certain misdemeanours against women but not as a broader narrative but rather as isolated incidents. you ever thought what life would be H ave without women? I am sure the first word that would pop up in your mind is 'INCOMPLETE'. If we admit that women play an important role in our society, then why do we never count her as equal to men? Why women have to fight for their basic rights? Why do we see them with a different perspective? And why gender inequality, women education, child marriage, girl feticide and human trafficking are still the burning issues in our 'civilized society'.

India with all its diversity and rich culture has an ugly side to it. If women have been worshiped as a goddess, they have been subjected to 'sati' too. Still, the silent witness and the oppressed women have come a long way. Many women have broken the conventional barriers. But in spite of their increasing number in every field, women still remain perhaps the world's most underutilized resource. Facts show when more women work, economy grows. An increase in female labour force participation or a reduction in the gap between women's and men's labour force participation- results in faster economic growth.

Once Swami Vivekananda said, â&#x20AC;&#x153;There is no change of the welfare of the world unless the condition of women is improved.

It is not possible for a bird to fly on one wing. â&#x20AC;?

After 19th century, the position and status of women all over the world has improved incredibly.

Today, they are playing a bigger role in economic field as a worker, consumer, entrepreneur, manager etc. We can now see women in almost every field.

They are increasingly and gradually seen marching

into domains which were previously reserved only for men like police, army, driver, commandos.

They are educated and successful, but still, there is a big gap that needs to be bridged.

Women empowerment is the most vital tool to strengthen the women in India. There are still so many places where women have no rights and benefits. They are still struggling at mental, physical and social level. We need to bring the changes at the grass root level. It is a systematic approach which we need to develop in India.

Mass media can play a tremendous role in shaping women's role in society- to motivate women to achieve their potential as the prime movers of change in society. Today media is the most trusted institution of the people. Media can effectively convey the message that needs to be delivered.

Today's Indian media does not earnestly address serious issues of exploitation and unequal treatment of women in society, but is keen to jump on news items that can be sensationalized. It is true that media has highlighted, like never before, certain misdemeanours against women but not as a broader narrative but rather as isolated incidents.

We never read women's problem on the front page of the newspaper unless it is a murder or rape case.

Even women's page carries reports almost exclusively on beauty, fashion tips, etc. instead of addressing deeper issues like education, health or even role models.

In today's age, people have different means of communication and to connect with the world.

Media has to take responsibility of their coverage.

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

79 It must step in to help readers, viewers and listeners to know relevant facts concerning women empowerment. Channels need to produce programs that talk about gender equality, women's education, health and their basic rights. There should be a debate on the social problems that most of the women are facing at their home. We must talk about their equal right of income as men.

Globally, women are paid less than men, data shows that women in most countries earn on an average only 60 to 75 per cent of men's wages.

Media needs to take an extended view of crime against women. It has to be more instrumental in conducting audits and research to know the factors responsible for increasing crime rates against women and children including investigative journalism. It will help to create awareness among civil society. When treating these kinds of issues, media has to be extremely factual and empirical.

Mass media itself portrays a stereotype image of women. Media creates the images and roles that are seen acceptable by the society like mother is supposed to work in the kitchen and father at office. Media must project the working women in every sector as a worker not merely as

fulfilling their duties of wife/daughter. They must me projected as producer not only consumer.

It will take a strong and patient effort to rid the society of gender based stereotypes. Media has endless opportunities to change the perception of people. To improve content and coverage, media should cover the actions done by NGO's and social groups. We need individual stories of positive role models who can create a different image of women in society. There are hundreds of magazine related with women but they are all devoted to fashion, glamour, cooking, beauty syndrome. There are very few articles on health awareness, career opportunities, legal aid, counseling service and financial management.

Mass media is not only an entertainment tool. It has immense power to influence people in a democratic society. It has a big responsibility of spreading positive ideas and supportive approaches for women empowerment. It can create a different perception and break the stereotype mindset of the people. I have no doubt in saying that in this journey of women empowerment, media can play a salutary role in enabling women achieve their rightful place in society. mail: puja.mishra35@gmail.com

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Cover Story- 12 Mamta Ojha

My dream floats into the eyes of my students who are going to take it furtherâ&#x20AC;Ś..

Knowledge, Innovation and dedication are vital for Media Teachers. They need to have a perfect blend of theoretical knowledge and what is actually practised in the Media Industry. Women especially excel in media teaching as they have a tendency to give their best to students and the institution just as they give their best to their home, children and family. Teaching is basically communication and women are excellent communicators.

Though it is not easy for women to survive in the media field but with their passion and confidence they are making their mark in the media world.

I

had done my Graduation in Science from Mysore University but somewhere deep inside me I thought that I am a creative person and therefore should choose a more creative field like journalism. I appeared for the journalism entrance in Mysore University for post Graduation and was selected. Journalism was a tough activity for me as a person because I was a very shy natured introvert person and we were given field assignments to interview eminent people for our college journal' Gangotri which is named after Mysore University Manasa Gangotri. After my Graduation I did my B.ed from Mysore University and secured a first class, first position in the college. B.ed developed an interest towards teaching.

During doing Masters in journalism we had to do our internship and I was selected for the company Hindustan Machines Tools in Bangalore for Public Relations. This period was a struggle period because I did not know anything of public Relations as we were having the subject in the second year and I had gone for the internship after first year. I had to directly report to the Director Public Relations Mr. Choudappa who had the reputation of being the best in the industry. He was a very demanding person and gave me a good lecture about my lack of knowledge in the field. He suggested to me that I buy a book of Sam Black from Gangarams on M.G. Road and read it completely before coming to the office. I studied the book for the whole night and could understand very few things of what I read as I did not have a previous idea of the concept of the subject. During

my internship I got to arrange a number of national and international conferences and press conferences in all big Hotels of Bangalore. I got a good exposure of a very Glamourous life in Bangalore where at times I found myself to be very small. My shy nature did not allow me to mingle easily with people but the Director was very keen that I mingle with people .I could always feel his eyes focused on whatever I used to do at HMT. This internship helped me so much that though I teach a number of subjects today, I am known for the subject Public Relations .Journalism definitely makes us tough.

When I was married in Indore, it was a total cultural change. It was migrating from a Garden city to a city of concrete jungle. For we women it is the home which is always our first priority and it is always our dream to become good homemakers.

After marriage me and everyone at home thought journalism means press and working in press cannot blend well with the family. It never occurred to me that I should go into media teaching. Moreover Indore university was a far off place from my house and I did not know how to drive at the time. It was a established fact that teaching was the best suited profession for women and thus I joined a reputed school which was near my house. After giving my initial ten years after marriage to my family, I entered the field of journalism and started teaching to media students.

In Indian families it is always expected of girls and women to be adjusting and to fit into the system.

They were never taught to stand out but the

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81 situation for women now is changing gradually. I was fortunate that in my family working of women was allowed and in fact encouraged.

It was a matter of luck that I was given the subjects Communication, Advertising and Public Relations to teach to journalism students. It was here that I started exploring my full potential. I wanted to give best to the classes and thus came out with creative ideas in teaching. In the process of teaching I realized the importance of knowledge which was becoming oxygen. I had no time to spend in the library as I had to immediately rush to my house which would be waiting with its share of responsibilities. I would prepare for my classes on my way and back to the university. I applied an activity based participatory mode of learning in my classes which was able to connect the students to my subjects. They would never search for my subjects in library but would eagerly come and explore in class. All these subjects which I used to teach in Indore university were based on Human psychology and I could do a good job with my subject because being a woman I was good at Human Psychology. Teaching Public Relations is easier being a woman because we manage a number of relations in our life. We may be happy or not happy doing it but we have to do it as it is demanded by us. Once I learnt the basic fundamentals of communication, teaching international communication and corporate communication became easier. I realized the strength of these subjects which I started feeling in my own personality.

To excel in any profession a desire to give the best to the profession has to be there. Women have a tendency of giving, when we want to give our best to our home, children, students and the institution. A teacher can give her best to the students when she loves, cares for them and is attached to them. This quality is very prominent in women. Teaching is basically communication and women are good communicators.

It is not easy for women in the media field because the profession demands them to be bold, daring and having a mind of their own wheras the Indian society wants them to be submissive and restricted. These restrictions somewhere create a

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suffocation and the desire for freedom deepens.

This probably is the plight of Indian media too when it is under so many pressures and bondages and not free. The restrictions imposed on women do not allow the full potential of the media to be explored.

As a media teacher I always felt the quest for knowledge because when we stand in front of students we completely drain ourselves of what we have in us in front of students. I also try to drain out my students of the knowledge they possess of the subject so that even they become hungry for the same. For refilling of the knowledge both me and my students gulp from wherever we get it. Being in the field of media we women teachers have to access all media of Radio, T.V., Newspaper and digital media. It is the need of the hour that we have to be active even on the social media so that we can guide our students about their advantages and disadvantages. But being women our life is different when we return home from work. We have to attend to the household chores. We are not in a position to access media and update ourselves.

This factor again somewhere lowers the confidence. I always thought that I can do a lot of wonders with whatever information I possess and hence I need to increase my inputs of information.

I did my Ph.D in communication and the topic was 'Factors affecting selectivity of films among university students' of Madhya Pradesh.

Doing Ph.D was also not very easy for me but I did justice for my research and it is one thing I am proud of. I did my Ph.D with a lot of enthusiasm and passion. While doing research I was taking six classes daily, coming home doing household work till 10 p.m in night and then working for Ph.D till 2 a.m midnight. In my research basically I had to find the factors but I searched for a lot of other things also during this journey. I found out how twenty five Communication models play an important role in entertainment. I also found out the role of marketing mix like Public Relations, Advertising, Publicity and propaganda in film selection by youth. The other major finding was the role of Natyashastra of Bharat Muni in film selection. My Ph.D is also important because in my zeal to explore the topic from all aspects. I not only used

82 the survey method of five hundred respondents, but also used observation method, interview method and case study method. The Ph.D not only carried an overall conclusion but also a chapterwise as well as pagewise conclusion. It was appreciated in the Newspaper 'Patrika' and 'Nav Bharat Times' for the novel and innovative approach.

Teaching has become so much absorbed in my system that I intend to bring reforms in the field of media education as well as the overall education system. Imbibing values in the younger generation and transforming them into vibrant intelligent and enlightened students is one of my goals of life. I take these issues very seriously when I hear complaints from fellow teachers that the present students are good for nothing and lethargic etc. I somewhere want to cultivate a very positive and energetic breed.

My Dream-As a teacher I do a lot of homework for my classroom. I want my classrooms to be so productive that they shape the media industry. It has been the other way round when we have invited

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people from the industry all the time to shape our students according to their need and we into media teaching have been accused of being too idealistic.

But we as media teachers want to put a bit of idealism into the industry and learn a bit of practicality from them. The ideal situation is to have a blend of both. I try to involve the students into the subjects, make them love the subject. It is my concern to make the students aware about the working of the media, its needs. Its challenges, survival and future. I try to make them passionate about media so that they live, eat, breathe, sleep and feel media. When I dream of reforms in the media sector, I am aware that I cannot do it alone and so I try to float and transfer this dream into the eyes of my students and in all those whom I see the potential.

Writer is Associate Professor of School of Media and Communications, Jagran Lakecity University, Bhopal

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lq/khj lDlsuk gksus ds ek;us HkkbZ fHkxks nsus okyh vkReh;rk ds /kuh dfo&i=kdkj lq /khj gSaA vius Qu ds ekfgj] ,d csgn thoar Hkk"kk ds /kuh] dfo vkSj dfo ân; nksuksaA os T;knk cM+s dfo gSa ;k T;knk cM+s i=kdkj] ;g r; djus dk vf/kdkjh eSa ugha gwa] fdarq bruk r; gS fd os ,d laosnu'khy euq"; gSa] vius ifjos'k ls xgjs tqM+s gq, vkSj mruh gh xgjkbZ ls viuksa ls tqM+s gq,A tkfgj rkSj ij ;gh ,d xq.k ¼laosnu'khyrk½ ,d vPNk dfo vkSj i=kdkj nksuksa x<+ ldrk gSA eq>s ;kn gS ^ek;k* ds os mtys fnu tc og fganh bykds dh og lcls T;knk fcdus okyh if=kdk gqvk djrh FkhA lq/khj th dh fy[kh fjiksVZ~l i<+dj gekjh iwjh ih<+h us jktuhfrd fjiksfVaZx ds ek;us le>sA os e/;izns'k tSls jktuhfrd :i ls de jksekapd vkSj nks&/kqzoh; jktuhfr esa jgus okys jkT; ls Hkh tks [kcjsa fy[krs Fks] mlls jkT; ds jktuhfrd rkieku dk irk pyrk FkkA mudh jktuhfr dks le>us dh n`f"V fojy gSA os viuh Hkk"kk ls ,d n`'; jprs gSa tks lkekU; i=kdkjksa ds fy, vlaHko gh gSA mudk ys[ku vius le; ls vkxs dk ys[ku gSA mudh ;k;kojh] yxkrkj v/;;u us muds ys[ku dks vlk/kkj.k cuk fn;k gSA mudh dfork,a eSaus cgqr ugha i<+ha D;ksafd eSa lkfgR; dk ltx ikBd ugha gwa fdarq eSa muds x| dk nhokuk gwaA vkt os dgha Nis gksa] mUgsa i<+us dk yksHk NksM+ ugha ikrkA

;dhu ls Hkjk dfo% ,d vdsyk vkneh dfork] i=kdkfjrk] vuqokn] laiknu vkSj bfrgkl&ys[ku esa ,d lkFk bruk lfØ; dSls gks ldrk gSA ysfdu os gSa vkSj gj txg iw.kkaZd ds lkFkA ,sls vkneh ds lkFk tks nqfo/kk gS mlls Hkh os nks&pkj gksrs gSaA ,d ckj lq/khj HkkbZ us vius bl nnZ dks O;ä djrs gq, dgk Fkk fd ßlat;] i=kdkj eq>s i=kdkj ugha ekurs vkSj lkfgR;dkj eq>s lkfgR;dkj ugha ekursAÞ eSaus lq/khj th ls dgk Fkk ßlj vki i=kdkj ;k lkfgR;dkj ugha gS] thfu;l gSaAÞ muds dfork laxzgksa ds uke ns[ksa rks os vkidks pkSadk nsxsa] os dqN bl izdkj gSa& lejdan esa ckcj] cgqr fnuksa ds ckn] dky dks ugha irk] jkr tc panzek ctkrk gS ckalqjh] fdjp&fdjp ;dhuA dforkvksa ls esjh nwjh dks Hkkaidj Hkh os eq>s viuh dfork dh fdrkc nsrs gSaA ,d ckj ,d ,slh gh fdrkc ij mUgksaus fy[kdj fn;k&

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ß;dhu ekuks] ,d fnu i<+saxsa] yksx] dfork dh u;h fdrkcÞ lp] eq>s yxk fd ;g ,d fnXxt i=kdkj dh gekjs tSls vi<+ i=kdkjksa dks lykg Fkh fd HkkbZ 'kCnksa ls Hkh fj'rk j[kksA lq/khj th dh dfork,a lp esa mEehn vkSj izse dh dfork,a gSaA muds eu esa tks vknzrk gS ogh dfork esa QSyh gSA mUgksaus lejdan esa ckcj esa ftl rjg ckcj dks ;kn fd;k gS] og i<uk vn~Hkqr gSA ekVh vkSj mldh egd dSls nwj rd vkSj nsj rd O;fä dh Le`fr;ksa dk fgLlk gksrh gS] ;g dfork laxzg bldh xokgh nsrk gSA ckcj ds lhus] gksaBksa] vka[kksa lcesa lejdan Fkk] ij ckcj lejdan esa ugha FkkA ;g

84 dYiuk Hkh fdlh lk/kkj.k dfo dh gks ugha ldrhA os le; ls vkxs vkSj le; ls ikj laokn djus okys dfo gSaA mudh dfork,a vius ifjos'k vkSj nksLrksa rd Hkh tkrh gSaA nksLrksa dks os viuh dforkvksa esa ;kn djrs gSa vkSj lgh ek;us esa vius chrs gq, le; dk iquikZB djrs gSaA mudk dfo blfy, egRoiw.kZ gks tkrk gS fd og flQZ dgus ds fy, ugha dgrkA ;gka dfork vkRe dk foLrkj ugha gS cfYd og le; vkSj mldh pqukSfr;ksa ls ,dkRe gksdj iw.kZrk izkIr dj jgh gSA mudh dfork VqdM+ksa esa ugha gS] ,d Fkhe dks ysdj pyrh gSA pkj iafä;ksa esa dfork djds Hkh os viuk iwjk ikB jprs gSaA mudh dfork esa izse dh vfrfjä txg gSA ;gh izse gekjs le; esa fldqM+rk fn[krk gS rks mudh dfork esa T;knk txg ?ksj jgk gSA

ekVh dh egd% lq/khj lDlsuk dgka ds gSa] dgka ls vk,] rks vkidks lkQ mÙkj 'kk;n u feysaA ge mUgsa Hkksiky vkSj fnYyh esa ,d lkFk jgrk gqvk ns[krs gSaA jk;iqj&fcykliqj mudh lkalksa esa clrk gS rks y[kuÅ ls mUgksaus i<+kbZ fy[kkbZ dj viuh ;k=kk izkjaHk dhA y[kuÅ esa tUes vkSj iys&c<+s bl vkneh us dSls NÙkhlx<+ vkSj e/;izns'k dks viuk cuk fy;k bls tkuuk Hkh jkspd gSA muds nksLr rks iwjs Xyksc ij clrs gSa ij mudk fny eq>ls dksbZ iwNs rks NÙkhlx<+ esa clrk vkSj jerk gSA ;g flQZ la;ksx gS fd eSa Hkh y[kuÅ ls viuh i<+kbZ dj Hkksiky vk;k vkSj jk;iqj vkSj fcykliqj esa eq>s Hkh jeus dk volj feykA tc eSa fcykliqj&jk;iqj igqapk rks lq/khj th NÙkhlx<+ NksM+ pqds FksA ysfdu gokvksa esa mudh egd ckdh FkhA muds nksLrksa esa e/;izns'k ljdkj esa ea=kh jgs Lo-ch-vkj- ;kno ls ysdj i=kdkj jes'k uS;j] lkfgR;dkj rsftanj rd 'kkfey FksA lkfgR;] jktuhfr vkSj i=kdkfjrk rhuksa ds f'k[kj iq#"kksa rd lq/khj dh varjaxrk tkfgj gSA os ;kjksa ds ;kj rks gSa dbZ ek;us esa [kkukcnks'k Hkh gSaA eq>s yxrk gS fd mUgksaus HkkHkh&cPpksa ds fy, rks ?kj cuk;k vkSj lqfo/kk,a tqVk;ha ij [kqn os ;k;koj vkSj Qdhj gh gSaA ftUgsa dksbZ txg cka/k ugha ldrhA vius ifjokj ij tku fNM+dus okyh ;g 'kf[l;r] ?kj esa gksdj Hkh ,d lkoZtfud fuf/k gSA blfy, eSaus dgk fd mUgsa vkidks gj txg iw.kkaZd nsuk gksxkA mudh lnk'k;rk bruh fd vki mUgsa dke dk vkneh ekus u ekus vxj vki muds dojst ,fj;k esa ,d ckj vk x, rks muds Qksu vkidk ihNk djrs gSaA ftanxh dh jkstkuk dh t:jrksa dks iwjk djus dh tíkstsgn ds ckn Hkh muesa ,d LokfHkekuh euq"; gS tks fujarj pyrk gS vkSj jkst ubZ eaftysa Nwrk gSA vFkd ifjJe] vFkd ;k=kk,a

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flus-foe'kZ leh{kd% jkds'k mik/;k;

85

ckgqcyh% [khaph ,d cM+h ydhj ty jgh gS fprk] lkalksa esa gS /kqvka fQj Hkh vkl gS eu esa txh Hkksj gksxh D;k dHkh ;gka iwNrh ;gh gSa ;s csfM+;ka] ns[k rks dkSu gs ;s---A ckgqcyh fQYe ftlus ugha ns[kh rks og dYiuk Hkh ugha dj ldrk fd bl fQYe dh cukoV] cqukoV] dFkkud dh dlkoV vkSj dykdkjksa dh Hkk"kk&Hkw"kk] nsg;f"V] laokn vnk;xh ds rsoj dk vlj vkf[kj D;wa gj ns[kus okys ds lj p<+dj cksy jgk gSA lcls c<+dj dSejs dh dykRed djoVksa ls Hkjiwj tknwxjh dk deky fd tks ns[ks rks cl ns[krk gh jg tk,A ekfg"erh lkezkT;e loksZÙke vts;e] n'kksa fn'kk,a vkBks ;ke lc bldks djrs iz.kkeA [kq'kgkyh oSHko'kkyh le`f);ka fujkyh] /kU;&/kU; gS ;gka iztk] 'kCn dk ;s LoxZ /kkeA oSHko'kkyh ekfg"erh lkezkT; ds fo'kkydk; Hkouksa vkSj 'kkunkj dykRed okLrq&cukoV ij fluseSVksxzkQh ds u, iz;ksxksa ds lkFk dEI;wVj rduhdh ds tfj, iSnk fd;k x;k izHkkoiw.kZ fQYekadu vly esa iqyfdr djus okyk gS] ru&eu&cqf) dks vkuan ls Hkjdj >d>ksjus okyk vkSj bruk jksekapdkjh gS fd ,dVd viyd fQYe dks ns[krs gq, iyd rHkh >idrh gS tcfd fQYe dk e/;kodk'k vkrk gSA fQYe ds fuekZrk vkSj funsZ'kd jktkekSfy us vius firk }kjk fyf[kr izkphu Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd oa'k ds van:uh ?keklku dk csgn lathnk ltho fQYekadu fd;k gSA dgkuh 'kq# gksrh gS fgeky; dh miR;dkvksa ij cls ekfg"erh uxj dh ml xzkfQDle; fp=kkoyh ls ftlesa xaxk dh /kkjk dh rjg oä jktegy esa vB[ksfy;ka [ksyrk vkxs c<+rk gSA ijns ij ekuks fgeky; dh rygVh esa cls Hkkjrh; jktoa'k dk izkphu xkSjoe;h thou fFkjd mBrk gS] ik'oZ ls e/kqj laxhr ctus yxrk gS] 'kCn&'kCn y;c) lqj&rky dkuksa esa xwatus yxrs gSa] fnekx esa fopkj ?kqeM+us yxrs gSaA LoIu lqugjs] ?kko gSa xgjs gj /kkjk feyds pyh thounh thounh ioZr jksds phjs ?kkVh] /kkj le; dh #d uk ikrh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

dy dy ;s vofjy cgrh tkrh izk.k unh thounh thounhA ckgqcyh fQYe dk iksLVj nwljh fQYeksa dh rjg gh fQYe ds ikSjkf.kd vkSj ,sfrgkfld gksus dh xokgh nsrk gSA lkFk esa ;g ladsr Hkh fd ;g fQYe Hkh ekj&dkV] ykbV&,D'ku ds eqacbZ;k laLdj.k dk udy&uewuk gksxh ysfdu ;g vk'kadk fQYe 'kq# gksrs gh lekIr gks tkrh gSA fQYe ds xhr&laxhr] n`';koyh lc dk vlj izkjaHk ls gh n'kZdksa dks cka/kdj j[kus esa lpeqp csgn izHkkodkjd gSA eerk dh rq>s Nkao feyh] tqx&tqx thuk rw ckgqcyhA gS tgka fo"k vkSj ve`r Hkh] eu oks eaFku LFkyhA ekfg"erh dk oa'kt oks ftls dgrs ckgqcyh] j.k esa oks ,sls VwVs tSls VwVs dksbZ fctyhAA xtc E;wftd gS] xtc rky gS] <ksy uxkM+s vkSj rqjgh ctrh gS fd cl ,d ,d Bksds dks lqurs ns[krs eglwl djrs fQYe esa [kksrs u pys tk,a [kqnc[kqn vki fd irk py tk,xk] ckgqcyh ugha ns[kk rks dqN ugha ns[kkA vjj&ejj&rjj laxhr dh lqjs[k /kqu fnekx dks fctyh ds rM+drh js[k dh rjg >ad`r vkSj peRd`r djrh pyh tkrh gSA 'kq#vkr gh ekfeZd rLohj ls gksrh gS fd lkjh bafnz;ka fldqM+dj igys dgha dksus esa fleVus yxrh gSa fQj [kqyrh tkrh gSa dgkuh ds ijr&nj&ijr [kqyrs tkus ds lkFkA vkf[kj rd lLisal vkSj loky fd ckgqcyh D;ksa ekjk x;kA dMIik us fo'okl?kkr D;ksa

86 fd;k gksxkA gj rLohj ij utjsa xM+ tk,a] ,slk u;kfHkjke fQYekaduA ,d cqtqxZ efgyk ftlds gkFk esa uotkr f'k'kq gS] og unh dh /kkjk ds lax tku cpkdj Hkkx jgh gksrh gS] izk.k ds ihNs iM+s nq'eu ny ls cpus dh dksf'k'k esa fd vpkud ,d rhj pyrk gS] efgyk ds dysts esa ?kql tkrk gSA ysfdu og cqtqxZ efgyk Hkh xtc lkglhA vius ckgq mBkdj mxrs lw;Z dks ns[kdj vkokt nsrh gS fd bl ckgqcyh dks thuk gksxk D;ksafd ekfg"erh ds jktflagklu dk ;g okfjl gS] gs lw;Znso] bls thuk gksxk] bls cpkuk gksxkA og cqtqxZ efgyk cQZ dh rjg BaMh fgeky; ls fudyrh unh esa dwn tkrh gS viuh nkfguh Hkqtk ds iats esa f'k'kq dks tdM+s gq,A efgyk dh fu<ky nsg ikuh esa cgrh tkrh gS ysfdu cPps dks fy, vdM+h Hkqtk unh ds ÅijA tc rd vkf[kjh lkal gS jktoa'k ds dqynhid dks cpkus dh oSlh gh dksf'k'k tSls fpÙkkSM+ ds jktoa'k ds fpjkx dks cpkus ds fy, iUuk/kk; dk cfynkuA mÙkqax igkM+ksa ds f'k[kj dh vksj b'kkjk djrh gqbZ unh dh /kkjk ls Åij fudyh gqbZ Hkqtk ij jksrs cPps dh vkokt fdukjs tk jgs ouokfl;ksa ds dkuksa esa iM+rh gSA ouokfl;ksa dh jkuh vkokt nsrh gS vius lSfudksa dksA Nikd] Nikd] ouoklh dwn iM+rs gSa cPps vkSj cqtqxZ efgyk dks cpkus ds fy,A f'k'kq rks cp tkrk gS ysfdu cqtqxZ efgyk dh nsg unh dh osxorh /kkjk ds lkFk nwj pyh tkrh gS jä dk yky jax lkFk fy, dHkh u feyus ds fy,A [krjs ds bl v/;k; dks ns[kdj Mjh ouokfl;ksa dh jkuh

uotkr f'k'kq dks ikdj [kq'k gks tkrh gSA ouoklh le> tkrs gSa fd ioZrksa ds Åij ls unh ds izikr ds lkFk vk;k ;s nsorqY; uotkr f'k'kq vlk/kkj.k gSA bl ckyd ds psgjs ij peRdkj Hkjh jks'kuh gS] ns[kus esa jktoa'k dk yxrk gS fd vpkud dqN lSfudksa dh yk'k feyus dh [kcj vkrh gSA ouokfl;ksa dh jkuh le> ysrh gS fd t:j ioZr ds Åij ekfg"erh jktoa'k esa jäikr gqvk gSA igkM+ksa ds Åij ls uhps vkus okys bdykSrk xqQk dk jkLrk oks le>nkj jkuh can djok nsrh gS vkSj f<a<ksjk ihV fn;k tkrk gS fd uotkr f'k'kq dk uke f'kok gS]tks ouokfl;ksa dh jkuh dh larku gS rkfd ioZrksa ds Åij dHkh ;s [kcj Hkh u tk, fd dksbZ cPpk ouokfl;ksa dks feyk gS---A tSls tsy esa iSnk gq, nsodh iq=k d`".k ;equk dh mQurh /kkjk dks yka?krs gq, ;'kksnk dh xksn esa vk fojkts] dqN oSls gh e`R;q dks ekr nsdj f'kok Hkh ouokfl;ksa dh jkuh dk csVk cudj ouokfl;ksa ds chp gh iyus yxkA ouoklh jkuh dh gj {k.k ;gh dksf'k'k fd dHkh mlds csVs dks ;g irk u yx lds fd og vly esa gS dkSu vkSj vk;k dgka ls gSA ckgqcyh fQYe dk ;gh NksVk&lk ekfeZd izkjaHk gSA ouokfl;ksa ds chp f'k'kq f'kok cM+k gksrk gS ysfdu ges'kk mldk eu mls ioZrksa dks yka?kdj mlds Åij tkus ds fy, izsfjr djrk jgrk gS tgka ,d egku lkezkT; gS ftldk uke gS ekfg"erhA ysfdu f'kok dh eka dh dksf'k'k ;gh fd cPps dh igkM+ksa dks yka?kdj Åij tkus dh yyd NwVs---A og Hkxoku f'ko ds iqtkjh ds ikl tkrh gS] ioZrksa dks yka?kdj Åij tkus dh f'kok dh dqnjrh izo`fÙk dks jksdus ds

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

87 fy, izkFkZuk djrh gSA ;g izkFkZuk dk n`'; Hkh vn~Hkqr gS] iqtkjh ckck dk jksy djus okys vnkdkj us Hkwfedk ds lkFk iwjk U;k; fd;k gS vkSj tSls gh f'kok dks irk pyrk gS fd iqtkjh ckck us unh fdukjs ÅapkbZ ij cus f'kofyax dks unh ds ty ls 101 ckj tykfHk"ksd dk ftEek mldh eka dks fn;k gS] f'kok ,d cM+k QSlyk ysrk gS fo'kky f'kofyax dks vius da/kksa ij ykndj gtkjksa QhV Åij ls fxj jgs tyizikr ds uhps j[kus dk rkfd pSchlksa ?kaVs vkBksa ;ke f'ko dk tykfHk"ksd gksrk jgsA fo'kky f'kofyax dks da/ks ij mBkdj jko.k dh f'koLrqfr ds lqje; laxhr ds lkFk f'kok ;kuh fQYe ds ghjks izHkk"k ds lqxfBr dljrh 'kjhj ds lkFk thoar tkunkj vfHku; dks dSejs ds deky ls xtc izHkko'khyrk feyh gSA jko.kd`r f'ko rkaMo Lrks=k dks ftl csgn 'kkunkj vankt esa bl fQYe esa laxhrc) fd;k x;k gS] dksbZ Hkh cl ns[krk vkSj lqurk gh jg tk,---A tVkdVkglaHkzeHkzefufyaifu>Zjh] foyksyohfpoYyjhfojktekuewnZ~/kfuA /kx)x)xTtoyYyykViêikods] fd'kksj panz 'ks[kjs jfr izfr{k.ke~ eeAAA dkSu gS oks dkSu gS oks dgka ls oks vk;k] pkjksa fn'kkvksa esa rst lk oks Nk;kA mldh Hkqtk,a cnys dFkk,a] HkkxhjFkh rsjh rjQ f'koth pys ns[k tjk ;s fofp=k ek;kA vkSj bl xhr ds lkFk 'kgukbZ oknu vkSj Me: dh /ofu dk 'kkunkj y;c) iz;ksxA jkek;.k ds jko.k dh ;kn vk xbZ eq>s fd mlus fdl rjg ls f'ko dh fodV lk/kuk dh Fkh] ,d egku iafMr dSls jkLrk HkVddj ckn esa f'ko ds gh vkjk/; Jhjke ls Vdjk cSBk Fkk---A /kjk/kjsanz uafnuh foyklca/kqc/kqjLQqjfíxUrlUrfrizeksn ekuekulsA d`ik dVk{k/kksj.khfu#)nq/kZjkifn] Dofpfíxacjs euks fouksnesrq oLrqfuAA vkSj iwjk xkuk gh f'korkaMo L=kks=k ds lkFk xtc xwaFkk gqvk ftls tehu ls ysdj vkleku rd igkM+ksa vkSj izikrksa ds chp csgn gh [kwclwjrh ls rM+drs lqjksa ds lkFk ls bl rjg fQYek;k x;k gS fd vfoLej.kh; u Hkwrks u Hkfo";frA ouoklh jkuh dh reke dksf'k'kksa ds ckotwn f'kok ,d fnu ioZrksa ds ml ikj tyizikr ds Åij fgeky; esa cls ekfg"erh jkT; dh ljgnksa esa izos'k djus esa lQyrk gkfly dj gh ysrk gS

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

tgka mldh eka nsolsuk dSn jgrh gS ftldk mls nwj nwj rd irk Hkh ugha gksrkA fuekZrk&funsZ'kd jktkekSfy us ioZrksa ij p<+kbZ ds nkSjku J`axkj ds i{k dks Hkh cM+h [kwclwjrh ls brus eghus vkSj jaxhu rjhds ls fijks fn;k gS fd ns[kdj vki jksekafpr gks mBsaxsA njvly tyizikr dh /kkj ls f'kok dks ,d fnu ,d ;qorh dk [kwclwjr eq[kkSVk feyrk gS ftls ns[kdj og dYiuk yksd esa [kks tkrk gS fd fuf'pr :i ls tyizikr ds ml ikj cQhZys igkM+ksa ij dksbZ gS tks mls cqyk jgk gS] tgka igqapuk mlds thou dk edln gSA rks vius dYiukyksd dh lqanjh dks lksprs gq, og lSdM+ksa ckj Åaps igkM+ksa ls fxjdj Hkh Åij p<+rs tkus dk y{; ugha NksM+rk gS vkSj vkf[kj ,d fnu Åij igqapdj gh ne ysrk gSA ;gha ls 'kq# gksrk gS ekfg"erh jkT; ds Hkhrj py jgs jkT;kf/kdkj ds "kMîa=kh Ny vkSj fo'okl?kkr Hkjh dgkuh ds ijr nj ijr dk [kqyklk ftlesa f'kok dh vlyh eka ekfg"erh jkT; dh vlyh jkuh nsolsuk chrs 25 lkyksa ls cYykynso dh dSnh gSA jktegy esa ,dek=k jkT; dk oQknkj cqtqxZ lsukifr dM+Iik gh mldk 'kqHkfpard gS tks pkgrk gS fd lkezkT; dh vly jkuh vktkn gks tk, ysfdu nsolsuk Nqidj vktkn gksus ls ckj ckj euk djrh gS vkSj mls tjsZ&tjsZ ls vkokt vkrh ekywe iM+rh gS fd ,d fnu mlds ifr ckgqcyh dk csVk mldk ckgqcyh vk,xk mls NqM+kus ds fy, tks unh dh /kkj esa cgdj nwj tk pqdk Fkk--A dSyk'k [ksj dh vkokt esa nsolsuk ds fny esa /k/kdrk nnZ dystk phj nsrk gS----A ty jgh fprk] lkalksa esa gS /kqvka fQj Hkh vkl gS eu esa txh Hkksj gksxh D;k dHkh ;gka iwNrh ;gh gSa ;s csfM+;ka] ns[k rks dkSu gs ;s---A vtc ;s fd fQYe ds xhr esa laLd`r ds 'kCnksa dk tedj iz;ksx gqvk gS] dbZ txgksa ij fQYe ds ewy rsyqxw 'kCnksa dks tl dk rl j[kk x;k gS fQj Hkh fganh esa Mc fQYe ds vlj esa dgha ls dksbZ deh ugha fn[krh gSA tSls----ekfg"erh jkT; dk laxhre; lqjhyk y;c) o.kZu fny&fnekx ij xgjk vlj NksM+us esa dke;kc gqvk gSA ekfg"erh lkezkT;e loksZÙke vts;e] n'kksa fn'kk,a vkBks ;ke lc bldks djrs iz.kkeA [kq'kgkyh oSHko'kkyh le`f);ka fujkyh] /kU; /kU; gS ;gka iztk] 'kCn dk ;s LoxZ /kkeA ekfg"erh dh irkdk lnk >wes] xxu pwes] v"Vnso vkSj lw;Znso feyds LoxZ flagklu fojktsA

88 ekfg"erh jkT; dk laxhre; o.kZu vkSj fo'kkydk; lsV dk fuekZ.k [kqn esa pSadkus okyk gSA lSdM+ksa djksM+ dh ctV okyh bl fQYe esa ekfg"erh dh dYiuk vkSj mlds lkezkT; dk fnXn'kZu [kqn esa gh bruk HkO; gS fd lkalkfjd vka[ksa mldh ped ls pqaf/k;k tk, ftlds flagklu ij "kM;a=k ds cy ij vius HkkbZ vkSj vlyh jktk ckgqcyh dk [kkRek dj vc cYykynso jkt dj jgk gSA bl fQYe dh iwjh dgkuh esa ckgqcyh ds lkFk lcls izHkko'kkyh fdjnkj dMIik dk gS tks ,d vksj iwoZ jktk ckgqcyh dh 25 lky ls dSn esa jg jgh iRuh nsolsuk vkSj iwoZ lezkV ckgqcyh dk vuU; Hkä gS ysfdu tks nsolsuk ds ifjokj ds 'k=kq jktk cYykynso ds j{kk esa mlh rjg tku fNM+drk gS tSls dkSjo oa'k dh j{kk esa Hkh"e firkeg us thou [kik;k FkkA dMIik ds fdjnkj ij gh ckgqcyh fQYe dk igyk ikVZ [kRe gksrk gS bl jgL; ds [kqykls ds lkFk fd dMIik us gh vly esa lezkV ckgqcyh dh ihB esa ryokj Hkksad dj mldh gR;k dh FkhA lLisal dk tokc vxys lky ckgqcyh ikVZ&2 esa feysxk fd dM+Iik us vius lezkV ckgqcyh dks D;ksa ekjkA f'kok ;kuh lezkV ckgqcyh ds iq=k ckgqcyh f}rh; ds lkeus [kqn dMIik gh ;s [kqyklk djrk gS rks mldh vka[ks Hkj vkrh gSa fd ftl lezkV ds fy, mlus thou fn;k] ,d fnu mlds thou dk var Hkh mlh ds gkFkksa gqvk--A ---ouokfl;ksa ds chp ls fudydj ckgqcyh tc ekfg"erh esa gypy iSnk djrk gS vkSj cYykynso dks egy esa [krjs dh ?kaVh lqukbZ nsus yxrh gS rks ;gh dMIik ckgqcyh dks ?ksjus dh dksf'k'k Hkh djrk gSA ckgqcyh dk csVk f'kok dSn ls egkjkuh nsolsuk dks jFk ij cSBkdj jktegy ls fudy Hkkxrk gS rks mls jksdus ds ekspsZ ij dMIik gh ihNs yxrk gSA vkSj blh la?k"kZ ds njE;ku ckgqcyh f}rh; dk eqdkcyk vius firk ds 'k=kq jgs ppsjs HkkbZ cYykynso ds csVs ls gksrk gSA lezkV ckgqcyh dh /keZ ryokj tks dM+Iik ds ikl ges'kk lqjf{kr jgrh gS] mlh ls cYyky ds csVs dh xnZu ds /kM+ ls vyx gksus dh rLohj Hkh xtc thoar vkSj ykseg"kZd vfHku; ls Hkjh gS fd ns[kdj jksaxVs [kM+s gks tkrs gSaA blh ?kVuk esa dMIik dks ;g vglkl gks tkrk gS fd tks /keZ ryokj mlds ?kksM+s fl)k ds peZisVh ls fudydj lh/ks f'kok ds gkFk esa igqap xbZ rks ;g ?kVuk lk{kh gS fd f'kok gh ckgqcyh dk csVk gS] ekfg"erh jkT; dk vlyh mÙkjkf/kdkjhA vkSj rc dMIik fQYe dks ¶yS'kcSd esa ys tkrk gS fd dSls ekfg"erh jkT; ds mÙkjkf/kdkj dk l?k"kZ ckgqcyh vkSj cYyky esa 'kq# gksrk gS vkSj dSls nksuksa HkkbZ

dkyds; dh jk{klh lsuk dk lagkjdj ekfg"erh ds lezkV vkSj lsukifr in ij egkjkuh f'koxkeh }kjk fu;qfä fd, tkrs gSaA fons'kh geykoj dkyds; dh jk{klh lsuk ds lkFk ;q) dk n`'; vkSj izkphu O;wg jpuk ds le; dk fQYekadu Hkh cgqr tkunkj gSA iqjkus le; esa ;q) gksrk dSls Fkk] mldh O;wg jpuk dk thoar fQYekadu egkHkkjr dh ;kn fnykrk gS vkSj j.k{ks=k esa ns'k dks cpkus ds fy, dkyds; dh lsuk ds lkFk ckgqcyh vkSj cYyky dk Hkh"k.k laxzke y{; izkfIr ds lkeus thou dh u'ojrk dks crkrk gqvk gYnh ?kkVh dh bu 'kfä'kkyh iafä;ksa esa izk.k Mkyrk izrhr gksrk gS& oSjh ny dks yydkj fxjh] og ukfxu lh QqQdkj fxjhA Fkk 'kksj ekSr ls cpks cpks] ryokj fxjh ryokj fxjhAA iSny] g;ny] xtny esa] Ni Ni djrh og fudy xbZA {k.k dgk¡ xbZ dqN irk u fQj] ns[kks pe&pe og fudy xbZAA ygjkrh Fkh flj dkV dkV] cy[kkrh Fkh Hkw ikV ikVA fc[kjkrh vo;o ckV ckV] rurh Fkh yksgw pkV pkVAA {k.k Hkh"k.k gypy epk epk] jk.kk dj dh ryokj c<+hA Fkk 'kksj jä ihus dks ;g] j.k&paMh thHk ilkj c<+hAA egkjkuh f'koxkeh dk vfHku; Hkh Nki NksM+us okyk gS vkSj laokn Hkh fd& esjk opu gh gS 'kkluA ;q)Hkwfe esa dkyds; dh vka[ks fudkydj mlds 'kjhj dks fx) vkSj dkSoksa dk vkgkj cuk nsus dh f'koxkeh dh izfrdkj Hkjh yydkj ekuks gj Hkkjrh; ukjh ds LokfHkeku dks vkokt nsrh gSA ;s ogh f'koxkeh gS tks viuh Hkqtkvksa esa lezkV ckgqcyh ds fpjkx 10 eghus ds ckgqcyh ds csVs dks ysdj fQYe ds izkajHk esa Hkkxrh fn[krh gS] viuk thou nsdj ns'k ds fpjkx dks cpkrh gS D;ksafd lezkV ekj fn, tkrs gSa vkSj ,deso mÙkjk/kdkjh ds ihNs nq'eu iM+ tkrs gSaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

89 xtc ckr ;s fd ftl lqanjh dh dYiuk dj f'kok igkM+ksa ds Åij p<+rk gS og [kqn esa f'kok dh eka nsolsuk dks cYykynso dh dSn ls vktkn djkus ds vfHk;ku esa fudyh gksrh gSA iwoZ lezkV ckgqcyh ds leFkZd ckxh txyksa esa jgdj nsolsuk dh vktknh dk vfHk;ku thfor j[krs gSa ftlesa la;ksx ls ckgqcyh ds csVs dh ,u oä ij ,aVªh gksrh gS vkSj og vius lkgl vkSj 'kkS;Z ls vius dYiukyksd dh vly lqanjh dks izHkkfor djrk gS] cYykynso ds lSdM+ksa lSfudksa ds ?kkrd izgkj ls lqanjh dh j{kk djrk gS vkSj ckn esa lqanjh dks ikus ds fy, mlds y{; dks viuk cuk ysrk gS] nsolsuk dks vktkn djkus ds fy, Nqidj ekfg"erh jkT; esa izos'k djrk gS] vkSj mls vkHkkl rd ugha gksrk gS fd og vius ekrk&firk vkSj iqj[kksa ds jkT; dh vktknh ds fy, gh la?k"kZ dj jgk gSA fQYe dk lans'k tks eq>s le> esa vk;k gS fd fu;fr vius vly mÙkjkf/kdkjh vkSj usrk dks ikdj gh izlUu gksrh gSA ftls thuk gS vkSj ftls dqN djuk gS rks og djds gh jgrk gS] ;s uk;dRo fdlh dks fdlh dh d`ik ls ugha feyrkA tks lq;ksX; gS] lcy gS] l{ke gS vkSj ns'k ds tu&tu ls izse djus okyk gS] og gj va/ksjs dks phdj gj fujk'kk vkSj grk'kk dks ijkftrdj ns'k dk uk;d cudj fudyrk gS] vkxs c<+rk gS D;ksafd ftlds gkFk dh ydhjksa esa ekr`Hkwfe dh j{kk dk Hkkj fy[kk gS] mls oä dh dksbZ ryokj feVk ugh ldrhA gj bLikrh ryokj mlh rjg nks VqdM+s gks tkrh gS tSls fd dMIik dh ryokj ds lkeus dkcqy ds dkjksckjh dh ryokj VqdM+s VqdMs VwVdj fc[kj tkrh gSA fQYe ls nwljk lans'k tks feyrk gS fd ekfg"erh jkT; vxj Hkkjr o"kZ gS rks fQj blds 'kklu dh cht&j{kk dk nkf;Ro dMIik vkSj f'koxkeh tSls yksxksa dks laHkkyuk gksxk] vkxs c<+uk gksxk ml ckgqcyh ds fy, ftls Hkokuh Hkxorh us dgha va/kdkj esa

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

HkVdrk NksM+ j[kk gS vkSj ftldk bartkj tu&x.k&eu thou Hkj cM+h vkrqjrk ls djrk jgrk gS D;ksafd yksdra=k dh lQyrk Hkh dqnjrh bZekunkj uk;dksa ij fuHkZj djrh gS] tks jktuhfr dks vius ls tqM+s pan yksxksa dk dkjksckj pykus] djksM+ksa ukxfjdksa dk gd ekjdj pan eYVhus'kuy dkWjiksjsV dks Qk;nk nsus vkSj Hkkjro"kZ dh vly vkRek dks dqpydj ns'k esa fons'kh jkT; ds gLrd cuus dh dksf'k'k djsaxs rks mUgsa le>uk gksxk fd yksdra=k dh egkjkuh nsolsuk vkSj xaxk ds eSnku esa gtkjksa lky ls iy jgs mlds ckgqcyh iq=k T;knk fnu rd dSnh eqnzk esa [kkeks'k ugha jgus okys gSaA vkf[kjh ckrA vxj fQYe ugha ns[kh gS] t#j ns[kus tkb,A ns[k pqds gSa rks ifjokj dks ys tkb,A ifjokj lfgr ns[k pqds gSa rks fQj ls ns[k vkb, D;ksafd ckgqcyh fQYe us Hkkjrh; fQYe baMLVªh esa cM+h ydhj [khap nh gSA thou izlj 'kkS;Z /kkjk] mÙkjk fLFkj xaHkhjkA thouk izlj 'kkS;Z /kkjk] mÙkjk fLFkj xaHkhjkAA ys[kd fnYyh esa vktrd U;wt pSuy ls tqM+s gSa eks- 07838944419

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izlaxo'k r#.k fot;

cspkjs xjhc usrk d Hkh lkekU; :i ls fdlh usrk dks cktkj esa [kjhnkjh djrs

ns[kk gS vkius\ ,slk gks gh dSls ldrk gSA mudh izfr"Bk de gks tk,xhA fojks/kh dgsaxs&iSny gks x, gSa cspkjsA vxj dHkh ,slk gks Hkh] rks mldk n`'; dqN ,slk gksxk&usrkth vkB&nl pSuy okys dSejksa ds izdk'k esa [kku ekdsZV ;k ekykckj fgy ;k ,aVkWi fgy esa tk,axs] fdlh nqdku esa ?kqlsaxs] fQj glsaxs vkSj ,dk/k pkdysV ;k diM+k ysdj dqN ,slk c;ku nsdj ?kj ykSVsaxs&nsf[k, ge lkekU; tu gSa] xjhch vkSj cngkyh ls Hkjs ns'k esa 'kkuks&'kkSdr ls jguk [kjkc ekurs gSaA ?kj vkdj Fkd dj pwj gq,&ls vius yksxksa ls dgsaxs&vkidks D;k dgsa] rfud cktkj x, fd yksxksa us ?ksj fy;k] vkWVksxzkQ ysus okyksa dh HkhM+] ckgjh cqd LVksj okys us rks dbZ ubZ fdrkcsa HksaV dj nha] Fkd x, HkkbZ! nqfu;k esa Hkkjr gh ,slk ns'k gksxk] tgka csbafrgk vehj usrk] vlhfer /ku ls ;qDr ,dM+ksa esa QSys caxyksa ds vknh gks pqds Hkjh frtksfj;ksa okys yksx xkao] xjhc] cngky] nfjnz] Hkkjr dh rLohj cnyus dh ckrsa djrs gSaA muls lgt Hkko ls muds lkFk mBuk& cSBuk dYiukrhrA ij os elhgk gSaA gekjs usrkvksa dk dksbZ lkekU;tu] e/;oxhZ; O;fDr fe=k gks gh ugha ldrkA elhZMht] ch,eMCY;w okys] xjfe;ka vesfjdk esa fcrkus okys] pquko esa nks&ikap&nl djksM+ nsus okys] muds ?kj] ifjtu ds [kpsZ vkSj u[kjs mBkus okys] mudh 'kku esa dlhns i<+us okys] muds njckjh gh muds fudV ;k fe=k gksrs gSaA ysfdu murhl&rhl lky ckn dHkh cktkj tkus ;k lk/kkj.k iy thus dk bf'rgkj bruk caVrk gS fd rkSckA ,d ckj Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k ds laLFkkid v/;{k nÙkksiar BsaxMh us ,d vkichrh lR; ?kVuk lqukbZA os egkjk"Vª ds ,d LVs'ku ls fnYyh vk jgs FksA lsdsaM ,lh esa vkj{k.k FkkA rHkh ,d cM+s usrk&jktuhfrd usrk&mlh xkM+h ls fnYyh tkus vk,A BsaxMhth dks ns[k dj ueLdkj fd;k] iwNk fdl fMCcs esa vkidk vkj{k.k gSA crk;k&lsdsaM ,lh esaA os vk'p;Z ls cksys] ugha] ugha BsaxMhth] vkidks QLVZ ,lh esa pyuk pkfg,A lsdsaM ,lh ;k Lyhij esa pyuk ehfM;k dks crkus ds fy, rks Bhd gS] ij ogka Qkyrw ds cgqr&ls yksx fey tkrs gSa] rjg&rjg ds loky djrs gSa& rax djrs gSaA QLVZ ,lh esa vkjke ls lQj gksrk gSA BsaxMhth eqLdjk,&cksys] eSa Hkh

Qkyrw dk vkneh gwa] mUgha yksxksa ls nks feuV ckr djus dk tks lq[k gS og QLVZ ,lh esa dgka\ ,sls usrkvksa ds ikl rhu&pkj&ikap lkS djksM+ ls de iSls dgka gksrs gSaA budh xkfM+;ka] buds R;kSgkj] buds ikfjokfjd vk;kstu] buds nkSjs] buds ij¶;we vkSj /kkfeZd jhfr&fjoktksa ij nkorksa ds [kpZ] fons'kksa esa buds cPpksa dh i<+kbZ vkSj ehfM;k dk tcnLr eSustesaV&budh xjhch vkSj cspkjxh dk thrk&tkxrk lcwr gSA jktuhfr njvly] equkQs vkSj laink o`f) dk lkSnk gks xbZ gSA bls ?kkVs dk lkSnk cukus okyk pkfg,A vehjh esa rSjrs gq, lkaln cuuk] cM+s&cM+s QkeZ gkmlksa ds izHkqvksa dk vyad`r Hkk"kk esa xjhch vkSj n;uh; Hkkjrh;ksa ij ckSf)d foykl djuk bruk lkekU; gS fd yxrk gS] laln dh lfClMh ij] csgn de nkeksa ij Hkh pk; nsus dh izFkk can gksuh pkfg, gh] cfYd ogka lkalnksa ds Hkkstu ij ikap izfr'kr vf/kHkkj tksM+dj ml iSls ls cspkjs prqFkZ Js.kh ds deZpkfj;ksa ds cPpksa ds f'k{kk QaM ;k e/;kgu Qykgkj dks cuk nsuk pkfg,A tks nl #i;s dk Hkkstu [kkdj lkS #i;s fVi ns nsrs gSa] mUgsa lfClMh D;ksa\ xjhc ns'k ds vehj usrkvksa ds pquko [kpZ fnekx iyVus okys lkfcr gksrs gSaA dHkh U;w;kdZ esa jSxfidlZ ikfVZ;ka gksrh FkhaA /kudqcsj] fQDFk ,osU;w ds jaxhu okrkoj.k esa xjhc QVsgky] dwM+k cVksjus okyksa dh iSaV igu nkorsa djrs FksA /ku ds vry esa fopj.k djrs&djrs tks cksfj;r gksrh gS] mls nwj djus ds fy, os xjhch dk ycknk vks<+ rfud ^fFkzy* eglwl djrs FksA cM+k vPNk yxrk FkkA tSls ikap flrkjk gksVy esa dSalj ejhtkssa dh enn ds fy, ,d nkuik=k j[kk jgrk gS] tSls nkÅn bczkfge ;k gkfQt lbZn ds dejs esa fdlh rjg dksbZ vk/;kfRed] lnkpkj okyh iafDr nhokj ij Vaxh gks] oSls turk ls ijgst dj vius /ku&oSHko ds izfr vklfDr j[k dj usrk turk dh lsok djrs] lgkuqHkwfr trkrs] xjhc cPpksa dks xksnh esa mBkdj mudh cgrh ukd viuh lkM+h vkSj vaxoL=k ls iksaNrs gq, QksVks f[kapokus okys usrk lp esa cM+s xjhc] cngky] lgkuqHkwfr ds ik=k gksrs gSaA vHkh ,d eq[;ea=kh us ikap djksM+ #i;s dh cl yh gS] dgha bu usrkvksa ds fy, ipgÙkj&lkS djksM+ #i;s ds foeku fy,

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

91 tkrs gSa] /kwi esa ri dj lkS&lkS yksx ej tkrs gSaA cqansy[kaM] rsyaxkuk] vka/kz] fcgkj esa xjeh ls ejus okys u rks fons'kh gksrs gSa vkSj u gh fdlh nwljs xzg ds fuoklhA os Hkkjrh; tu gksrs gSaA eqacbZ ds QqVikFkksa ij tUe ls e`R;q rd jgus okys] psUubZ ds ejhuk {ks=k esa >qfXx;ksa esa ukjdh; thou fcrkus okys] jsy dh iVfj;ksa ds nksuksa vksj IykfLVd dh pknjksa ls ?kj cukdj ifjokj lfgr jgus okys] fnYyh ds LVs'kuksa ds ckgj jksM&fMokbMj ij] vklikl ds m|kuksa] eafnjksa ds ckgj jkr Hkj dqÙkksa] fcfYy;ksa] frypêksa ds lkFk uhan ysus okys Hkkjrh; ukxfjd gh gksrs gSa] ftudh n'kk lq/kkjus ds fy, usrkvksa dks yfV;Ul dh fnYyh ds os caxys njdkj gksrs gSa tgka ianzg&chl dejksa esa nks tu jgrs gSaA turk rks D;k] lkalnksa] fo/kk;dksa ds lkFk budk ckn'kkgr Hkjk O;ogkj nsf[k,& dHkh xfy;kjs esa fey tk,axs rks ueLdkj rks nwj] ikao Nwus rd ds fy, {k.k Hkj rjl ugha [kk,axs& pyrs tk,axs& os Hkkxrs gq, Qfj;kn djsaxs] rks dejs esa eqM+rs gq, dgsaxs& Bhd gS& [kqYyj ;k jkeklkeh dks cksy nsukA tks ftruk vgadkjh] og mruk gh /kksrh&pksVh&fryd/kkjhA vxj vki mudh tkfr ds ugha gSa] rks fdlh dke ds ugha gSaA HkkM+ esa tkvksA tkfr ds fojks/k esa rks oSls gh cksyuk can gks x;k gSA nfyrksa dk ujlagkj] mu ij vR;kpkj] nfyrksa ds i`Fkd 'e'kku ?kkV] tkfr ds vk/kkj ij ih<+h&nj&ih<+h&nj&ih<+h okYehfd;ksa dk lQkbZ deZpkjh cus jguk] mudh cfLr;ksa dk vyx gksuk] muds lkFk Hkh lkekU;r;k vLi`';rk dk O;ogkj] dHkh Hkh] fdlh Hkh fLFkfr esa laln esa 'kksj] dk;Z ds BIi djus ;k Rofjr lek/kku dh ekax ds ml :i esa ugha fn[krk] ftl :i esa osru o`f) ;k 'kkgh 'kku'kkSdr vkSj ckn'kkgh vankt ds XySej okys ekeyksa esa 'kksj mitk;k tkrk gSA

ftu {ks=kksa esa xjhc] o`)] vlgk;] lekt ds nqRdkjs gq, yksxksa ds dsanz cus gksrs gSa] ogka dHkh fdlh cM+s usrk ;k vQlj dks tkrs ugha ns[kk tkrk] D;ksafd ogka oksV ugha gksrs] ogka tkfr ugha gksrhA muds ckjs esa lekpkj Nirs gSa dSls xanxh] dpjs Hkjs ekgkSy esa] i'kqvksa dh rjg vlgk; Hkkjrh; ukxfjd j[ks tkrs gSa ;k fd Bwals tkrs gSaA [kcj Nirh gS vkSj ej tkrh gSA bl ij D;k dkjZokgh gqbZ] fdlus dh] D;k lwjr cnyh] dHkh irk gh ugha pyrk] D;ksafd oSlk dHkh dqN gksrk gh ugha gSA ij bu usrkvksa ds ân; esa xjhcksa ds fy, lgkuqHkwfr vkSj n;k dk vFkkg lkxj fgyksjs ys jgk gksrk gSA vius tUefnu ;k ,sls gh fdlh egku fnol ij os xjhcksa dks /kksfr;ka vkSj vU; dherh migkj ckaVrs gSaA pkjksa vksj dSejksa dh jks'kuh ls txexkrs okrkoj.k esa] jktizHkk ls nsnhI;eku psgjs okys usrkth ije larks"k ds Hkko ls dkrj] nq[kh] oL=k [kjhnus esa vleFkZ Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dks nksuksa gkFkksa ls Qsad&Qsad dj migkj ckaVrs gSa] D;ksafd os vius tUefnu ij xjhc turk ds mRFkku dk fe'ku izkjaHk dj jgs gksrs gSaA bu usrkvksa dh xjhch vo'; nwj gksuh pkfg,A foeku esa ,d lkfgR; feyrk gS] ftlesa fy[kk gksrk gS fd foeku ds Mwcus dh fLFkfr esa igys Lo;a vkDlhtu dk ekLd vks<+sa] fQj nwljksa dks cpk,aA blh rjg xjhcksa dh xjhch nwj djus ds fy, vxj usrkvksa dks leFkZ cukuk gS] rks igys mudh xjhch nwj djuh gh iM+sxhA vc ;g ckr vyx gS fd vxj fdlh dh xjhch nky&jksVh vkSj ,d dejs ds ?kj ls nwj gksrh gS rks fdlh dh xjhch xqPph] cqyxkjh vkSj jksysDl lsA cspkjs xjhc usrkvksa ij dqN rks rjl [kkb, oksV&izHkq! ys[kd ikaptU; ds iwoZ laiknd gSaA laizfr jkT;lHkk lnL; gSaA tarun.vijay@gmail.com

Jh jktef.k ik.Ms; dh /keZiRuh dk fu/ku cLrhA ofj"B lektoknh fpard ,oa cLrh tuin esa lektoknh fopkj/kkjk dks thoui;ZUr iq"B djus okys lektoknh usrk ,oa iwoZ fo/kk;d jktef.k ik.Ms; dh /keZiRuh dk 25&08&2015 dks y[kuÅ fLFkr ihthvkbZ esa yEch chekjh ds ckn nsgkUr gks x;kA ehfM;k foe'kZ if=kdk ds izcU/k laiknd f'kf'kj f}osnh ds LFkkuh; jkeckx fLFkr vkokl ij ,d 'kksd lHkk esa 'kgj ds ofj"B fpardksa] lekt lsfo;ksa ,oa f'k{kdksa us nks feuV dk ekSu j[k iq.; vkRek dks J)katfy nhA 'kksdlHkk esa f'kf'kj f}osnh us dgk Jh ik.Ms; th ds ;gka ge yksxksa dk vkuk&tkuk fo|kFkhZ thou ls yxk jgk ysfdu fo/kk;d th us dHkh ,d x`gLFk dk thou ugha ft;kA mUgksaus lekt ,oa jk"Vª ds fy, viuk iwjk thou yxk fn;kA os thou i;ZUr dEiuh ckx fLFkr fj¶;wth dkyksuh eas vdsys jgsA ,sls esa mudh /keZiRuh us lnSo muds ladV dky pkgs og bejtsUlh esa mUuhl eghus ehlk esa tsy ;k=kh jgs gks] pkgsa fofHkUu jktuhfrd vkUnksyu esa Jh ik.Ms; }kjk fd;k x;k la?k"kZ gks] mudh /keZ iRuh us lHkh ladVksa dks lgrs gq, mudk lkFk lnSo fn;kA ,slh iq.; vkRek dks bZ'oj 'kkfUr iznku djsA 'kksd lHkk esa MkW- jktu JhokLro] c`tuUnu feJ] vo/ks'k feJ] MkW- lanhi JhokLro] vuwi JhokLro] iznhi ;kno] dkaxzslh usrk vadqj oekZ] eaxy xqIrk] MkW- jktsUnz flag ^jkgh* j?kqjkt cgknqj JhokLro vkfn yksxksa us J)katfy nhA

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fo'ks"k vkys[k jkexksiky flag

Lokra=kksÙkj Hkkjr esa U;k;% vkn'kZ ,oa ;FkkFkZ ekuo thou dk lEcy dgk tk ldrk gS vkSj l R;fodkl;fn y{; rks fuf'pr gh U;k; mldk vk/kkj gSA lR; dks lEcy blfy;s dgk tk ldrk gS D;ksafd nwljksa dks mlds lgkjs dh t#jr iM+rh gS tSls U;k; dks izek.k ds #i esa lR; dh t#jr iM+rh gS fdUrq lR; dks fdlh izek.k ;k lgkjs dh t#jr ugha iM+rh gSA oSls U;k; dks O;fDr ds thou dk vk/kkj ekuus ij dqN yksxksa dks vkifÙk gks ldrh gS] tks t#jh ugh gS fd tk;t gh gks] fdUrq ;fn U;k; dks O;fDr ds thou dh txg lkekftd thou ;k lekt dk vk/kkj fu#fir fd;k tkrk gS rks 'kk;n gh fdlh dks dksbZ vkifÙk gksA D;ksafd yksx ;g tkurs gSa fd gtkjksa lky igys vkfne ekuo taxyksa esa f'kdkj o dUn&ewy dh fQjkd esa i'kqvksa dh Hkkafr LoPNUn #i ls b/kj&m/kj HkVdrk fQjrk Fkk vkSj cgqr dqN ,dkdh thou O;rhr djrk FkkA bl vkajfHkd voLFkk esa mldk thou iw.kZr;k v'kkar] vfLFkj o vlqjf{kr FkkA dkykarj esa mlus dnkfpr 'kkafr] lqj{kk o fLFkjrk dh n`f"V ls vdsys jgus dh txg nwljksa ds lkFk jguk csgrj le>kA ifj.kkeLo#i] nwljksa ds lkFk fey dj mlus ifjokj] iM+ksl] dchyk vkSj jkT; ds #i esa NksVs cM+s lewgksa esa jguk 'kq# fd;k vkSj bl izdkj ,dkdh thou ls mÙkjksÙkj lkewfgd thou ,oa lekt dk fodkl gqvkA lkFk jgus ls mls nwljksa dk lg;ksx feyk] ftlls mlds thou esa lqj{kk o fLFkjrk rks vkbZ vkSj mldk thou;kiu Hkh vklku gqvk fdUrq cnys esa mls vius ,dkdh thou dh LoPNUnrk vkSj euekuh NksM+uh iM+h vkSj nwljksa dh Lora=krk o fgrksa ds lkFk viuh Loar=krk o fgrksa dks lek;ksftr djuk iM+kA ftl vk/kkj ij vkfn ekuo }kjk bl lek;kstu dh uhao j[kh xbZ vkSj ftlls ,d nwljs dh Loar=krkvksa o fgrksa esa lkaetL; laHko gqvk] og oLrqr% vkSj dqN ugha cfYd fu"i{krk ;k U;k; Fkk vkSj ;g vkt Hkh gSA bl izdkj ge dg ldrs gSa fd U;k; dh cqfu;kn ij gh ekuo ds ,dkdh thou dh txg lkewfgd thou dk egy [kM+k gqvk vkSj gtkjksa gtkj lky ckn vkt Hkh ;g U;k; dh gh cqfu;kn ij [kM+k gSA ;g cqfu;kn tc etcwr gksrh gS rks lekt o lkewfgd thou lqjf{kr] etcwr o mUur'khy gksrk gS vkSj tc detksj gksrh gS rc vlqjf{kr] v'kDr vkSj vour'khy gks tkrk gSA vrhr esa Hkkjrh; lekt tc rd U;k;iw.kZ Fkk rc rd fo'o esa mUufr ds f'k[kj ij FkkA dkykarj esa] fo'ks"k#i ls

Le`frdky esa] HksnHkkoiw.kZ 'kkL=kh; fo/kkuksa ds pyrs mlesa U;k; dk iwjh rkSj ij vHkko gks x;kA D;ksafd HksnHkkoiw.kZ 'kkL=kh; fo/kkuksa ds dkj.k ijLij lg;ksx o lkeatL; ij vk/kkfjr oSfnddkyhu ikjxE;] yphyh o mUur'khy prqoZ.khZ; O;oLFkk dh txg lekt ijLij bZ";kZ] }s"k o dyg ij vk/kkfjr pkj gtkj tkfr;ksa esa c¡V x;kA ftlls u dsoy og vour o detksj gqvk cfYd iru o ijkHko dks izkIr gqvk vkSj yxHkx ,d gtkj o"kksZ rd nklrkiw.kZ thou thus dks foo'k gqvkA ;w¡ rks lekt esa O;kIr Å¡p uhp] HksnHkko vkSj vU;k; ds f[kykQ vkokt e/;dkyhu larksa }kjk tksjnkj <+ax ls mBkbZ xbZ fdUrq mudk ljksdkj eq[;r;k uSfrd o /kkfeZd lq/kkj rd gh lhfer jgk] mlls vkxs ugha c<+ ik;kA ,slk blfy;s D;ksafd oS/kkfud 'kfDr ds vHkko esa /kkfeZd o uSfrd thou esa lq/kkj ds vykok fo/kku o U;k; ds {ks=k esa dksbZ ekSfyd lq/kkj dj ikuk larksa ds fy;s laHko ugha Fkk vkSj fo/kku o U;k; ds {ks=k esa lq/kkj fd;s

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

93 fcuk ,d U;k;iw.kZ o mUur lekt ds fuekZ.k dh laHkkouk ugh curhA ;|fi fczfV'k gqdwer ds nkSjku ns'k esa U;k;] dkuwu ,oa iz'kklfud O;oLFkkvksa dk vk/kqfufddj.k rks gqvk fdUrq bu {ks=kksa esa mlds }kjk yk;s x;s lq/kkj dsoy ogha rd lhfer jgs tgk¡ rd buls mlds vkSifuosf'kd fgrksa dh iwfrZ gksrh FkhA blls vkxs ;s 'kk;n blfy;s ugha c<+ ik;s D;ksafd fczfV'k gqdwer dnkfpr blds fy;s rS;kj ugha FkhA ,slk laHkor% blfy;s D;ksafd vius fo#) fdlh cM+s vufonzksg ds [krjs dh vk'kadk ls og fo/kku o O;oLFkk esa ekSfyd ifjorZu ykus ls cprh FkhA Lora=krk la?k"kZ ds nkSjku jk"Vªh; vkUnksyu ds usr`Ro us ;g Hkyh Hkkafr le> fy;k Fkk fd vrhr esa lekt O;oLFkk esa O;kIr vU;k; o HksnHkko ds dkj.k gh Hkkjrh; lekt iru o ijkHko dks izkIr gqvkA nqfu;k ds nwljs lekt tgk¡ viuh ijaijkxr folaxfr;ksa dks nwj dj mUur gq;s ogha nh?kZdkyhu ijk/khurk ds pyrs vius esa le;kuqdwy ifjorZu u yk ikus ds dkj.k Hkkjrh; lekt ds fy;s izxfr djus dh ckr rks nwj viuh nklrk dh csfM+;k¡ Hkh dkV ikuk laHko ugha gks ik;kA vr% bl edln ds lkFk fd ,d HksnHkkojfgr U;k;iw.kZ o mUur'khy lekt dh LFkkiuk Loar=k Hkkjr dk izkFkfed mís'; gksxk Hkkjrh;] Lora=krk laxzke esa ,dtqV gq;s vkSj vaur% Loar=krk izkIr djus esa dke;kc gq;sA Lora=k Hkkjr dk lafo/kku oLrqr% muds Loar=krk laxzke ds bl ewyHkwr edln dk thoar nLrkost gSA ,slk blfy;s dgk tk ldrk gS D;ksafd ;g vius leLr ukxfjdksa dks lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,ao jktuSfrd U;k;] fopkj] vfHkO;fDr] fo'okl] /keZ vkSj mikluk dh Loar=krk] izfr"Bk ¼LVsVl½ o volj dh lekurk rFkk O;fDr dh xfjek vkSj jk"Vª dh ,drk lqfuf'pr djus okyh cU/kqrk dh vfHko`f) dks viuk ewy mís'; fu#fir djrk gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] Loar=krksijkar lafo/kku ds ek/;e ls Loar=krk] lekurk vkSj Hkzkr`Ro ij vk/kkfjr ,d U;k;iw.kZ lekt dh LFkkiuk dks Hkkjr dk loksZP; vkn'kZ ?kksf"kr fd;k x;kA gkyakfd Loar=krk] lekurk] U;k;] cU/kqrk vkSj ,drk dk vkn'kZ dgus lquus esa rks cgqr vPNk vkSj yqHkkouk yxrk gS ysfdu O;ogkfjd thou esa bldks mrkj ikuk nqfu;k ds fdlh Hkh dksus esa dHkh Hkh vklku ugha jgkA fo'ks"k#i ls tkfr;ksa o laiznk;ksa esa c¡Vs Hkkjr tSls cgqy jk"Vª ds fy;s] ftldh 'kq#vkr gh lkaiznkf;d foHkktu dh cqfu;kn ij gqbZ] ;g vkSj Hkh nq"dj y{; gSA ,sls esa ;g dguk dnkfpr xyr ugha gksxk fd vktknh ds le; dh tkrh; HksnHkko ,oa lkiznkf;d dVqrk Hkjh i`"BHkwfe ls pydj foxr ljlB&vjlB lkyksa esa U;k; tSls nq"dj y{; dks izkIr dj

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ikus dh txg vxj ge ijLij ,dtqV gksdj fcuk fdlh HkVdko ds mldh izkfIr dh vksj c<+ Hkh jgs gSa rks Hkh ;g gekjs fy;s de cM+h miyfC/k ugha dgh tk ldrh gSA izLrqr ys[k esa eq[;#i ls bl izLFkkiuk ds lEcU/k esa okLrfod fLFkfr dks tkuus dh dksf'k'k dh xbZ gSA

U;k; ds O;ogkfjd :ikarj.k ds ek/;e U;k; dh LFkkiuk dks lafo/kku dk mís'; fu#fir dj nsus vkSj mls dk;Z#i esa ifjf.kr djus ds fy;s lafo/kku ds ekQZr ra=kxr <kaps dh #ijs[kk rS;kj dj nsus ls gh lekt esa U;k; dh LFkkiuk ugha gks tkrhA blls yksxksa dks vf/kd ls vf/kd ;gh irk pyrk gS fd jkT; dh ,slh ea'kk gS ftls iwjk djus ds fy;s mlus lafo/kku ds rgr ra=kxr <kaps dh #ijs[kk Hkh rS;kj dh gSA fdUrq bl ea'kk dks dk;Z#i esa ifjf.kr djus ds fy;s ra=k dks dke djuk iM+rk gS] tks vklku ugh gSA D;ksafd ,d rks U;k; nqfu;k ds nqyZHk y{;ksa esa ,d nqyZHkre y{; gS vkSj nwljs ;g fd fo/kku vkSj ra=k dh jpuk Hkys gh vPNh gks fdUrq ;g t:jh ugha gS fd bUgsa dk;Z :i esa ifjf.kr djus okys yksx Hkh vPNs gh gksaA U;k; dks iqLrdksa vkSj ckSf)d ppkZvksa ls fudkydj O;ogkfjd thou esa mrkjus dk dk;Z eq[;r;k jkT;ra=k ,oa lektra=k ds ek/;e ls fd;k tkrk gSA

lektra=k vkSj U;k; U;k; ekuo thou dk ,d mPpre vkn'kZ] ,oa Js"Bre mPpre ewY; gSA ;g u dsoy uhfrlaxr vfirq /keZlaxr o lektlaxr gSA bu lc ckrksa dh f'k{kk O;fDr dks lekt ls feyrh gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] O;fDr esa U;k; ds vuqikyu dh izo`fÙk lekt esa lkekftdj.k ds ek/;e ls cgqr dqN vius vki fodflr gksrh gSA vxj og thou esa U;k; dk vuqikyu djrk gS rks lekt esa mldh iz'kalk dh tkrh gS] mldk vknj vkSj lEeku fd;k tkrk gS vkSj vxj og ,slk ugha djrk gS rks lekt esa mldh fuUnk gksrh gS] migkl] fujknj o frjLdkj gksrk gS vkSj mis{kk dh tkrh gSA U;k; dk vuqikyu ugha djus okys O;fDr ds lkFk yksx lEcU/k o O;ogkj j[kus ls drjkrs gSa vkSj vxj t#jh gqvk rks mldk cfg"dj Hkh djrs gSaA mi;qZDr rF;ksa dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq;s dgk tk ldrk gS fd lekt esa U;k; dks LFkkfir djus vkSj mls cuk;s j[kus esa djhc uCcs Qhlnh dk;Z rks lektra=k }kjk lkekftd] /kkfeZd o uSfrd fu;eksa&&&jhfrfjoktksa] izFkkvksa] ijEijkvksa #f<+;ksa rFkk uSfrd&/kkfeZd ekU;rkvkssa o fo'oklksa vkfn ds vk/kkj ij fofHkUu lkekftd] /kkfeZd o uSfrd laLFkkvksa ,oa laxBuksa ds }kjk iz'kalk]

94 iqjLdkj vFkok fuUnk] migkl ,oa cfg"dkj vkfn fof/k;ksa ds ek/;e ls lEikfnr fd;k tkrk gSA ,d ckj O;fDr dkuwu o iqfyl dh vuns[kh ;g lksp dj fd og mudh utjksa ls cp dj fudy ldrk gS] dj ldrk gS fdUrq ifjokj] iM+ksl] eksgYyk o fe=k e.Myh vkfn dh vuns[kh djus dk lkgl ugha tqVk ikrkA D;ksfd og tkurk gS fd budh utjksa ls cp ikuk vklku ugha gSA blds vykok bu izkFkfed laLFkkvksa o laxBuksa ds ;gk¡ ihfM+r dks viuh Qfj;kn ysdj tkus] vfHk;ksxh dks ltk fnykus vkSj U;k; ikus esa u rks vf/kd le; yxrk gS vkSj u gh dksbZ dfBukbZ vkrh gSA HkkbZ us vxj csotg Mk¡Vk ;k ekjk rks eEeh&ikik vFkok eEeh&ikik us csotg Mk¡Vk ;k ekjk rks nknh&nknk ls f'kdk;r dj nh vkSj mUgs Mk¡V iM+ok nh vFkok mudh fiVkbZ djok nh] bl izdkj ekeyk cjkcj gks x;k vkSj [kq'k gks x;sA ifr us vxj dqN xM+cMh dh ;k dksbZ uktk;t gjdr ;k dkjLrkuh dh rks lkl ls f'kdk;r dj nh vkSj vxj lkl dh le> esa ckr vk xbZ rks mls vius csVs dks pkgs og dIrku ;k dysDVj gh D;ksa u gks Mk¡Vus vkSj FkIiM+ tM+us esa u rks fdlh ls iwNuk iM+rk gS vkSj u gh dksbZ nsj yxrh gSA gks ldrk gS fd FkksM+h nsj ds fy;s O;fDr Hkys gh lekt dh utjksa ls cp dj fudyus dh lksp ys fdUrq viuh vUrjkRek ls cp dj og dSls fudy ldrk gS\ viuh vUrjkRek dks dSls /kks[kk ns ldrk gS\ D;ksafd og rks mldh gj gjdr ns[krh jgrh gS vkSj gj xyr gjdr ij mls vxj f/kDdkjs ugh rks de ls de dksalus ls rks ugha gh pwdrhA oSls laHko gS fd O;fDr ,d ckj vUrjkRek dh vkokt dh Hkh ;g lksp dj vuns[kh dj ys fd dksl dj og gekjk D;k fcxkM+ ysxh\ vf/kd ls vf/kd blls gesa FkksM+k cgqr Vsa'ku gh rks gksxk] ftls U;k; dh vuns[kh djus dh ,ot esa mBk;s x;s uktk;t Qk;ns dks ns[krs gq;s >sy fy;k tk;sxk] ysfdu og bl ckr dh 'kk;n gh vuns[kh dj ikrk gS fd Hkxoku dh ykBh] ftlesa vkokt Hkys u gks ysfdu yxrh t#j gS] ls cp ikuk fdlh ds fy;s Hkh eqefdu ugha gksrk gSA og ;g Hkyh Hkkafr tkurk gS fd bZ'oj ds ;gk¡ nsj Hkys gks ysfdu va/ksj ugha gSA D;ksafd og lcdks ns[krk gS] lcdk fglkc&fdrkc j[krk gS vkSj lcds lkFk balkQ djrk gSA ihM+d fdruk gh rkdroj o 'kkfrj D;ksa u gks mlds vkxs u rks fdlh dh rkdr pyrh gS vkSj u gh fdlh dk dksbZ frdM+e pyrk gSA mlds njckj esa ihfM+r dks U;k; vkSj ihM+d dks ltk feyuh r; gSA gkyk¡fd bZ'oj gS ;k ugha bl ckjs esa fuf'pr #i ls dqN ugha dgk tk ldrk gS ysfdu lekt esa vU;k; dks jksdus vkSj U;k; dks dk;e j[kus esa bZ'oj dh cgqr cM+h Hkwfedk jgh gS] tks vkt ds bl

oSKkfud o HkkSfrdoknh ;qx esa Hkh cgqr dqN igys tSlh gh gS] bl ckr ls bUdkj Hkh rks ugh fd;k tk ldrk gSA

jkT;ra=k vkSj U;k; vkS|ksfxdj.k] vk/kqfufdj.k ,oa oS'ohdj.k ds orZeku nkSj esa Hkkjrh; lekt esa lkekftd] /kkfeZd ,oa uSfrd fu;eksa rFkk izkFkfed lEcU/kks] laLFkkvksa ,oa laxBuksa ds izHkko esa deh vkbZ gS tcfd laLFkkxr fu;eksa] jkT; dkuwuksa rFkk f}rh;d lEcU/kksa] laLFkkvksa ,oa laxBuksa dk izHkko vizR;kf'kr #i ls c<+k gSA ftldh otg ls lkekftd thou fo'ks"k#i ls lkoZtfud thou ,oa lkoZtfud dk;ZO;ogkj ds lapkyu esa U;k; dks etcwr djus dk lektra=k dh rqyuk esa jkT;ra=k vc vf/kd izHkkodkjh ek/;e cu x;k gSA ;g dk;Z jkT;ra=k vius rhu mira=kksa ¼;k vaxksa½ ds ek/;e ls djrk gSA ;s mira=k gSa& fo/kk;hra=k] dk;Zikyura=k rFkk U;k;ra=kA pwafd lkekftd lEcU/k ,oa lkekftd dk;ZO;ogkj ds lapkyu dk vk/kkj U;k; gS vkSj U;k; ds fu/kkZj.k dk vk/kkj dkuwu gS] blfy;s jkT;ra=k ds ;s rhuksa vax lkoZtfud thou esa U;k; ds lqfuf'pfrdj.k ds fy;s dkuwu] ftldk izeq[k mís'; U;k; fnykuk gksrk gS] dks O;ogkfjd #i esa iz;qDr fd;s tkus ds vyx vyx i{kks dks Li"V djrs gSaA fo/kk;hra=k dkuwu cukus dk ra=k gS] dk;Zikyura=k dkuwu dks ykxw djus dk ra=k gS tcfd U;k;ra=k dkuwu ds vk/kkj ij ihfM+r dks U;k; fnykus dk ra=k gSA fo/kk;hra=k& LFkwy #i ls ;k Åijh rkSj ij vxj ns[kk tk;s rks U;k;iw.kZ lekt ds fuekZ.k esa fo/kk;hra=k dh rqyuk esa dk;Zikyura=k ,oa U;k;ra=k dh Hkwfedk vf/kd egRoiw.kZ fn[kkbZ nsrh gS fdUrq vxj foospuk ds lw{e Lrj ij tk;k tk;s rks irk pyrk gS fd blesa fo/kk;hra=k dh Hkwfedk vk/kkjHkwr ,oa vf/kd egRoiw.kZ gSA ,slk blfy;s D;ksafd dk;Zikyu ra=k }kjk lekt es U;k; ,oa O;oLFkk cuk;s j[kus dk dk;Z rFkk U;k;ra=k }kjk U;k; ds lqfu'p;u dk dk;Z dkuwu ds vk/kkj ij gh fd;k tkrk gSA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd bu nksuksa gh ra=kksa ds ewy esa dkuwu gh gksrk gSA QdZ dsoy bruk gS fd ,d dk dk;Z dkuwu dk lgh <ax ls fØ;kUo;u gS] tcfd nwljs dk dk;Z dkuwu ds vk/kkj ij O;fDr ;k lewg ds O;ogkj ds lgh&xyr ;k U;k;iw.kZ&vU;k;iw.kZ gksus dk ijh{k.k gSA fdUrq ;s ra=k dkuwu cukrs ugha gSaA dkuwu dk fuekZ.k vkSj mlesa le;kuqdwy ifjorZu o la'kks/ku dk dk;Z rks fo/kk;hra=k gh djrk gSA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] D;k lgh vkSj D;k xyr gS vFkok D;k U;k;iw.kZ vkSj D;k vU;k;iw.kZ gS ds fu/kkZj.k ds vk/kkj dkuwu] dk ewy L=kksr fo/kk;hra=k gh gSA 'kkL=kh; fo/kku dh Hkakfr vkt dk dkuwu Hkh ;fn

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

95 oxhZ; LokFkZ ls izsfjr gksdj HksnHkkoiw.kZ cuk rks dk;Zikyura=k ,oa U;k;ikyura=k fdruh gh fu"i{krk o bekunkjh ds lkFk viuk dk;Z D;ksa u djsa os lekt ls vU;k; dks nwj ugha dj ldrsA ,sls esa rks os lekt ls vU;k; dks nwj djus dh txg mls vkSj Hkh etcwr djrs gSaA bl izdkj os lekt dks detksj gksus ls cpkus dh txg vkSj Hkh detksj djrs gSa vkSj mlds iru o ijkHko dks jksdus dh txg vkSj Hkh rst djrs gSaA vk/kqfud ;qx esa fo'ks"k:i ls lkoZtfud thou ds dk;Z O;ogkj dks U;k; dss vk/kkj ij laikfnr fd;s tkus ds fy;s lkekftd fu;eksa dh rqyuk esa dkuwu ,oa fo/kku dh vf/kd t:jr iM+rh gS ftudk fuekZ.k fo/kk;hra=k }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA dsoy fuLokFkZ] fu"i{k] b~Zekunkj ,oa uSfrd:i ls izfrc) fo/kk;hra=k gh ,sls U;k;iw.kZ fo/kku dh jpuk dj ikrk gS ftlls O;fDr ,oa lekt dk thou vf/kd lqjf{kr o mUur gks ldsA blds foijhr fo/kk;hra=k ;fn oxhZ; LokFkZ ls izsfjr gksdj i{kikriw.kZ fo/kku dh jpuk djrk gS rks lekt es U;k; dh LFkkiuk dj ikuk dfBu gks tkrk gSA ftlls O;fDr o lekt dh izxfr vo:) gksrh gS vkSj lekt detksj o vour gks tkrk gSA vkikrdkyhu viokn dks vxj NksM+ fn;k tk;s rks dgk tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjr esa fo/kk;hra=k etcwr o LFkk;h jgk gS vkSj mlus le; le; ij lekt ds fofHkUu oxksZ fo'ks"k#i ls oafpr o detksj oxksZ dks U;k; lqfuf'pr djus lfgr yksdfgr o yksd dY;k.k lEcU/kh vko';d fo/kku Hkh ikfjr fd;s gSaA fQj Hkh] ;g dguk fd mlds rRlEcU/kh ;k vU; lHkh fo/kku vkSj muds ihNs mldh uh;r lkS Qhlnh fuLokFkZ] fu"i{k o U;k; dh Hkkouk ls izsfjr jgh gS] 'kk;n lgh ugha gksxkA mnkgj.k ds fy;s fo/kk;h izfrfuf/k;ksa dks isa'ku o vU; ifjykHk dh ik=krk iznku fd;s tkus rFkk mUgs ykHk ds inksa ls nwj j[ks tkus lEcU/kh laoS/kfud izko/kku esa la'kks/ku ,oa fo/kk;h izfrfuf/k ¼lkaln ;k fo/kk;d½ fuf/k c<+k;s tkus vkfn fo"k;ksa ls lEcfU/kr fo/kkf;dk }kjk le;&le; ij ikfjr fd, x;s fo/kkuksa dks LokFkZjfgr o U;k;lEer fu:fir djuk dnkfpr equkflc ugha gksxkA blh izdkj fo'ks"k :i ls pquko ;k ljdkj ds vfLrRo ij lfUudV ladV ds le; bl ;k ml tkfr ;k bl ;k ml laiznk; dks mPp 'kSf{kd ,oa rduhdh laLFkkvksa esa izos'k vFkok ljdkjh lsokvksa esa fu;qfDr ;k inksUufr esa] dHkh&dHkh rks U;k;ky;hu fu.kZ;ksa ls ijs viuh fo/kk;h 'kfDr dk bLrseky djrs gq, deksos'k loZlEefr ls vkj{k.k lEcU/kh fo/kkuksa ds ikfjr fd, tkus ds ihNs fo/kkf;dk dh uh;r lEcfU/kr tkfr ;k laiznk;

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

dks U;k; iznku fd;s tkus dh mruh ugha ftruh fd lÙkk gkfly djus ;k mls cpk;s j[kus dh jgh gSA dk;Zikyura=k% dk;Zikyura=k dk izeq[k dk;Z dkuwu dk 'kklu ,oa U;k;ra=k ds fu.kZ;ksa ij vey lqfuf'pr djus ds lkFk lekt essa U;k; ,oa O;oLFkk cuk;s j[kuk gSA dk;Zikfydk] ukSdj'kkgh] iqfyl ,oa tsy ra=k blds izeq[k vax gS] ftuds ek/;e ls ;g ra=k viuk dk;Z laikfnr djrk gSA mi;qZDr dk;kZsa ds lkFk ;g jktLo lfgr lkoZtfud thou ds fofo/k {ks=kksa rFkk 'kklu ds fofHkUu foHkkxksa ls lEcfU/kr fooknksa dk fuiVkjk tgka rd laHko gks] ukSdj'kkghra=k ds ek/;e ls foHkkxh; Lrj ij gh djus dh dksf'k'k djrk gSA vr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd ukSdj'kkgh ;fn fu"i{k] dq'ky] bZekunkj rFkk dk;Z ds izfr lefiZr o izfrc) gks rks ,d rks fookn dh fLFkfr iSnk gksus dh laHkkouk gh ugha gksrh gS vkSj nwljs] vxj fdUgha dkj.kksa ls fookn dh fLFkfr iSnk gksrh Hkh gS rks ,sls izdj.k vf/kdka'kr;k foHkkxh; Lrj ij gh lqy>k fy;s tkrs gSa ftlls U;k;ky;ksa ij cks> ugha iM+rk vkSj vxj iM+rk Hkh gS rks cgqr de iM+rk gSA lkekftd U;k; ds y{;ksa dh izkfIr esa ukSdj'kkgh dh vge Hkwfedk gksrh gS ysfdu tgk¡ ljdkj ls pyk ,d #i;k ukSdj'kkgh ds ek/;e ls vius xarO; rd igq¡prs&igq¡prs ikap iSlk jg tkrk gS ogka dk;Zikyura=k dh Hkwfedk ds ckjs esa dqN u dguk gh Bhd gSA yksdrkaf=kd nckoksa ds pyrs dk;Zikfydk Hkys gh vkSifuosf'kd o lkearh eukso`fÙk ls brj tuksUeq[k o laosnu'khy gks xbZ gks ysfdu ukSdj'kkgh vktknh ds vjlB lkyksa ckn Hkh viuh iqjkuh vkSifuosf'kd ekufldrk ls mcj ugha ikbZ gSA ;g lgh gS fd vktknh ds bu vjlB lkyksa ds iz;klksa ds ckn ukSdj'kkgh ra=k dk yxHkx iwjk 'kkjhfjd <kapk vc Hkkjrh; gks x;k gS ysfdu bldh fnxkeh lajpuk vkSj lksp deksos'k vHkh Hkh vkSifuosf'kddkyhu baXyS.M dh cuh gqbZ gS tks jktusrk dks viuk lkgc cgknqj ekudj mldh f[knerxkjh djus vkSj turk dks viuh fj;k;k le>dj ykr yxkus dks gh viuk QtZ ekurh gSA bDdhloha 'krkCnh esa tgk¡ nqfu;k ds dbZ ns'k rst xfr ls nkSM+dj nwljs xzgksa ij clus dh dksf'k'k esa yxs gSa ogka Hkkjrh; ukSdj'kkgh vHkh cSyxkM+h dh j¶rkj ls gh py jgh gSA blls vkxs ugha c<+ ikbZ gSA vxj og [kqn vkxs u c<+us rd gh vius dks lhfer j[krh rks xuher Fkh ysfdu eqlhcr rks ;g gS fd og nwljksa dks Hkh vkxs c<+us ls jksdrh gSA bl ckr ls ;|fi bUdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gS fd Hkkjrh; ukSdj'kkgh vdeZ.;rk] v{kerk] nkf;Roghurk rFkk vQlj'kkgh ,oa Hkz"Vkpkj vkfn vusd O;kf/k;ksa ls cqjh rjg xzLr gS

96 ftuls futkr ikus vkSj LoLFk] dq'ky] izHkkoh rFkk ftEesnkj] tuksUeq[k] rRij ,oa laosnu'khy cuus esa mls vHkh yEck le; yxsxkA fQj Hkh] ;g dguk lgh ugha gksxk fd vktknh ds ckn ls vc rd mlus dksbZ dke ugha fd;k gSA gdhdr rks ;g gS fd vktknh ds ckn ns'k esa dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk cuk;s j[kus rFkk fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa ns'k dh izxfr esa ukSdj'kkgh dh dkQh lkFkZd Hkwfedk jgh gS ¼flag] 1999 % 98&111½A ;g ckr vyx gS fd dbZ {ks=kksa esa ukSdj'kkgh }kjk vis{kk ds vuq:i ifj.kke gkfly ugha fd;k tk ldk gS fdUrq mlds fy;s dsoy ukSdj'kkgh dks gh ftEesnkj Bgjkuk lgh ugha gksxkA D;ksafd bu foQyrkvksa ds fy, tuusr`Ro vkSj turk Hkh cgqr dqN leku :i ls ftEesnkj gS ¼flag] 2014 % 11&12½A ukSdj'kkgh dh vDlj ;g f'kdk;r jgrh gS fd tuusr`Ro mlds dkeksa essa vuko';d n[kyankth djrk gS ftlls og Lora=krkiwoZd viuk dke ugha dj ikrhA ,sls esa ukSdj'kkgh ls csgrj ifj.kke dh vis{kk rHkh dh tk ldrh gS fd tcfd iapk;r ls ysdj ikfyZ;kesUV rd tu usr`Ro ftlds gkFk esa ukSdj'kkgh dh udsy gksrh gS lkQ lqFkjk gksA ;fn usr`Ro cksQkslZ] gokyk] pkjk rFkk dks;yk ,oa LisDVªe ?kksVkyk tSls Hkz"V izdj.kksa esa lafyIr ;k lfUnX/k gksxk rks ukSdj'kkgh ls csgrj ifj.kke dh vis{kk djuk csdkj gS ¼flag] 1999 % 110½A njvly] O;oLFkk tfur foQyrkvksa ds fy, vdsys jktusrk ;k vdsys iz'kkld vf/kd ftEesnkj ugha gSa cfYd nksuksa ds chp x¡BtksM+] ftlds pyrs nksuksa ,d&nwljs dk nks"k <adrs gSa vkSj eykbZ fey ck¡V dj [kkrs gSa] vf/kd ftEesnkj gSA vkt ftl Hkz"Vkpkj ls iwjk tuthou =kLr gS og oLrqr% bu nksuksa ds chp uktk;t x¡BtksM+ dh uktk;t vkSykn gSA U;k; dk rdktk rks ;g dgrk gS fd lgh txg ij lgh vkneh cSBs ysfdu ,d&nwljs dks Qk;nk igq¡pkus dh fQjkd esa ;g x¡BtksM+ ekSdk feyrs gh lgh txg ij xyr vkneh fcBkus ls ugha pwdrkA xyr vkneh fcBkus ls ns'k ejs ;k lekt ejs ;k nksuksa ejsa] budk D;k tkrk gS\ vycÙks fcuk gjsZ&fQVdjh yxs mudk dke rks pks[kk gks tkrk gSA blh uktk;t x¡BtksM+ ds pyrs iqjkrRo] tutkrh; rFkk lkekftd ,oa 'kSf{kd 'kks/k o izf'k{k.k laLFkkvksa ds egkfuns'kd rFkk f'k{kk e.My ds v/;{k ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds dqyifr tSls dbZ egRoiw.kZ inksa ij fo"k; fo'ks"kK dh txg flfoy ;k iqfyl lsok ds vf/kdkjh ;k dHkh&dHkh fdlh gkjs Fkds jktusrk dks fcBk fn;k tkrk gSA bl xksj[k/kU/ks ls fo"k; fo'ks"kK ftldk gd ekjk tkrk gS mldk mruk uqdlku ugha gksrk D;ksafd og rks viuk v/;kiu ,oa

vuqla/kku dk;Z vius r;h tkjh j[krk gS ftlds fy;s mls fdlh ds lgkjs dh t:jr ugha iM+rh D;ksafd fdlh Hkh {ks=k esa ekSfyd dk;Z djus ds fy, ftl pht dh lcls vf/kd t:jr gksrh gS] og gS LokfHkekuA ftls fdlh Hkh dher ij u rks og csprk gS vkSj u gh fxjoh j[krk gSA gk¡] bl /kU/ksckth ls lacaf/kr {ks=k esa 'kks/k ,oa fodkl dh xfrfof/k;ksa ij cqjk vlj t:j iM+rk gSA vxj lgh txg ij xyr vkneh fcBkus dh ;g chekjh dgha O;kid iSekus ij QSy tkrh gS rks blls ns'k esa U;k; vkSj fodkl dh fLFkfr vPNh ;k cqjh tSlh Hkh cus vkSj ns'k vkxs c<+s ;k cSB tk;s ysfdu lekt dh fLFkfr t:j bl dgkor dks pfjrkFkZ djus tSlh gks tkrh gS fd ^^va/ksj uxjh yEiV ¼;fn pkSiV ugha½ jktk] Vds lsj Hkkth Vsds lsj [kktk**A U;k;ra=k% U;k;ra=k] tSlk fd iwoZ esa dgk x;k gS] dkuwu ds vk/kkj ij ihfM+r dks U;k; fnykus dk ra=k gSA ;g ra=k dsUnzh; Lrj ij mPpre U;k;ky;] izknsf'kd Lrj ij mPp U;k;ky; rFkk ftyk Lrj ij ftyk U;k;ky; ,oa uhps ds Lrj ij fofHkUu U;k;ky;ksa ds ek/;e ls viuk dk;Z lEikfnr djrk gSA njvly] f'k{kk o U;k; O;oLFkk,¡ fdlh ns'k o lekt ds vfLrRo ,oa izxfr dh vk/kkj gSaA f'k{kk O;fDr o lekt dks fn'kk iznku djrh gS rFkk fofHkUu {ks=kksa esa ubZ&ubZ [kkstksa dks laHko cuk dj izxfr ds u;s vk;ke o volj iznku djrh gSA fdUrq izxfr rHkh laHko gks ikrh gS tcfd lekt o jk"Vª dh cqfu;kn etcwr gksA fdUrq lekt ,oa jk"Vª dh cqfu;kn U;k; ij fVdh gksrh gSA bldk fufgrkFkZ ;g gqvk fd vxj U;k; etcwr ugha gS rks lekt etcwr ugha gks ldrk vkSj vxj lekt etcwr o fVdkÅ ugha gS rks f'k{kk izxfr o fodkl esa izHkkoh Hkwfedk vnk ugha dj ldrhA lgh O;fDr dks lgh txg ij fcBkus vkSj fdlh ds lkFk fdlh izdkj dk vU;k; ugha gksus nsus dk Hkjkslk fnykus ds ek/;e ls U;k;] O;fDr o lekt dh izxfr o fodkl ds fy, vuqdwy i`"BHkwfe dk fuekZ.k djrk gS ftl ij f'k{kk izxfr o fodkl ds u;s dhfrZeku LFkkfir djrh gSA ;gh otg gS fd nqfu;k¡ ds dekscs'k lHkh ns'kksa esa f'k{kk o U;k; dks lEekfur O;olk; ¼ukscy izksQs'ku½ ekuk tkrk gS vkSj f'k{kd ,oa U;k;fon~ dk cgqr lEeku fd;k tkrk gSA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd fdlh jk"Vª ds thou esa f'k{kk ,oa U;k; dh Hkwfedk vR;f/kd egRoiw.kZ gksrh gSA tgk¡ rd U;k; dh Hkwfedk dh ckr gS f}rh; fo'o;q) ds nkSj ls lEcfU/kr dqynhi uS;j ¼2009%6½ }kjk fn;s x;s ,d n`"VkUr dk ;gk¡ mYys[k djuk vlaxr ugha gksxkA ;q) ds nkSjku baXyS.M tc gj ekspZs ij fiNM+ jgk Fkk rc rRdkyhu izkbe

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

97 fefuLVj foaLVu pfpZy us ogk¡ ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ls U;k;ikfydk dks U;k; lqfuf'pr djus ds ckjs esa dgkA bl ij eq[; U;k;k/kh'k us muls tkuuk pkgk fd tc vkidk lkjk /;ku vkxs c<+ jgs ukft;ksa dks jksdus ij dsfUnzr gS rks fQj ;g ckr vkids fnekx esa dSls vk xbZ! pfpZy dk mÙkj Fkk fd tc rd yksxksa dks ;g Hkjkslk jgsxk fd mUgsa U;k; feysxk os vHkkoksa ds chp Hkh ns'k ds fy, yM+rs jgsaxsA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd yM+kb;k¡ O;fDr ugha thrrk] mldk pfj=k vkSj ns'k o lekt ij mldk Hkjkslk thrrk gS vkSj uCcs Qhlnh pfj=k Ldwy o dkyst ds ekgkSy esa <yrk gS vkSj Hkjkslk tks pfj=k dks thr dh eafty rd igq¡pkrk gS] lekt esa U;k; dh izR;kHkwfr ls iSnk gksrk gSA blfy;s dgk tkrk gS fd U;k; lekt dh cqfu;kn gSA tc ;g cqfu;kn etcwr gksrh gS rks lekt dh izxfr dh laHkkouk Hkh etcwr gksrh gSA bl rF; dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq, ge ;gk¡ ;g tkuus dh dksf'k'k djsaxs fd Lora=kksÙkj Hkkjr esa U;k; dh D;k fLFkfr gSA D;k Hkkjr esa ,d vke vkneh dks U;k; feyus dk Hkjkslk gS vkSj ;fn mldk ;g Hkjkslk de ;k vf/kd gS rks blds D;k dkj.k gks ldrs gSa vkSj mUgsa dSls nwj fd;k tk ldrk gS\

Lokra=kksÙkj Hkkjr esa U;k; [kphZyh U;k; iz.kkyh% fl)kar :i ls U;k; lHkh izdkj ds ncko ,oa izHkko ls eqDr iw.kZr;k Lora=k gksrk gS vkSj Hkkjrh; lafo/kku esa bl ckr dh iwjh dksf'k'k Hkh dh xbZ gS fdUrq okLrfod thou esa Hkkjr esa U;k; iSls o izHkko dh fxj¶r ls iw.kZr% eqDr fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk gSA njvly] U;k; dk izeq[k mís'; dkuwu dk 'kklu LFkkfir djuk gksrk gS fdUrq tSlk fd lhchvkbZ ds HkwriwoZ funs'kd tksfxUnj flag ¼2010%8½ dk dguk gS fd Hkkjr esa dkuwu rks cgqr vPNs gSa ysfdu u rks muds ihNs dh gekjh ea'kk vPNh gS vkSj u gh mudks ykxw djus dh etcwr bPNk 'kfDr geesa gSA ftldh otg ls dkuwu egt fn[kkos ds jg x;s gSa] izHkkoh ugha gks ikrs gSaA dgus dks rks dkuwu ds le{k lHkh leku gSa ysfdu ns[kus eas ;g vkrk gS fd iSls o izHkko okys yksx dkuwu dh idM+ ls fudy tkrs gSa tcfd xjhc o detksj Qal tkrs gSa ;k dHkh&dHkh Q¡lk fn;s tkrs gSaA dgus dk rRi;Z ;g gS fd NksVh eNfy;k¡ rks idM+ yh tkrh gSa ysfdu cM+h eNfy;k¡ ftues jktusrk] ofj"B ukSdj'kkg] vkbZ,,l ,oa vkbih,l 'kfey gS ;k rks lkQ NwV tkrs gSa ;k vxj NwV ugha ikrs rks dkuwu dks yEcs le; rd xPpk nsrs jgrs gSaA fdrus gh rjg ds ekeyksa esa rkdr o iSls okys yksx u dsoy dkuwu dk mYya?ku djrs gSa cfYd dkuwu dk lgkjk ysdj dkuwu dks Nyrs Hkh gSaA njvly gekjh vnkyrh iz.kkyh csgn [kphZyh gSA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ifj.kkeLo:i] blesa vehj eqdnesckt tks [kpZ ogu dj ldrk gS og U;k; dks /krk crkrk gqvk thrrk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA vketu tks detksj gksrs gSa vkSj [kpkZ ogu ugha dj ldrs dks rks bl U;k;ra=k esa fujk'kk gh gkFk yxrh gS ¼nhf{kr% 2010%6½A vkerkSj ij vnkyrksa esa ekeyksa dh lquokbZ vuko';d :i ls Vyrh jgrh gSaA rkjh[ksa vkxs c<+rh jgrh gSA is'kh ij is'kh iM+rh jgrh gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] eqdnesckth esa U;k; feys ;k u feys] ysfdu yksxksa dk le; o iSlk t:j cckZn gksrk gSA d"Vnk;h izfØ;k ,oa tfVy U;kf;d laLd`fr% vnkyrh dk;Z laLd`fr tfVy ,oa ;a=k.kknk;h gksrh gSA vnkyr dh dk;Z i)fr tfVy gksus ls ,d fopkjk/khu vijk/kh dks Lo;a dks nks"keqDr lkfcr djus ds fy, cM+s ikiM+ csyus iM+rs gSa vkSj blesa tSlk fd iwoZ esa dgk x;k gS iSlk vkSj le; Hkh cgqr yxrk gSA fopkjk/khu vijk/kh ds :i eas tks le; og tsy esa xqtkjrk gS og Hkh fdlh ltk ls de ugha gksrk gSA fopkjk/khu dSfn;ksas esa dbZ ,sls yksx Hkh ns[kus dks feyrs gSa tks QSlys ds bartkj esa vius Åij yxs vfHk;ksx dh laHkkfor ltk ls T;knk le; tsy esa xqtkj nsrs gSaA U;k;ky;ksa esa turk ds fy, iznÙk lqfo/kk lEcU/kh O;oLFkk dh tgk¡ rd ckr gS] cM+s U;k;ky;ksa dh gkyr rks dqN Bhd gS] os U;k;ky; tSls yxrs Hkh gSaA ogk¡ tu&lqfo/kk,¡ Hkh dkQh dqN Bhd&Bkd gSaA bartkj djus o cSBus dh txg Hkh fey tkrh gSA fdarq ftyk o fupyh Lrj dh vnkyrksa dh gkyr rks eNyh cktkj ls Hkh cnrj yxrh gSA FkksM+h lh txg] mlesa Hkh odhy] eqa'kh] eq[rkj] VkbfiLV] LVkEi osYMj vkSj u tkus fdrus rjg ds yksx viuh nqdku yxk;s cSBs feyrs gSaA viuh est o dqflZ;ksa esa dnkfpr bl Hk; ls fd dgha dksbZ bUgsa mBk u ys tk, psu o rkys yxk;s j[krs gSaA Åij ls turk dh jsy&isy] ,sls esa cSBus dh ckr rks nwj pSu ls [kM+s gksus dh txg <wa<uk Hkh ogk¡ eqf'dy gksrk gSA vki pkgs oknh gksa ;k izfroknh gksa ;k xokg gksa vkidks lkekU;r;k nl cts cqyk fy;k tkrk gS ysfdu vkidh is'kh dc gksxh] xokgh dc gksxh] c;ku dc gksxk dqN irk ughaA vxj vki ljdkj dh rjQ ls gSa rks ljdkjh odhy dks <w<+rs jfg;sA is'kdkj ls iwfN;s rks dgsxk fd D;k gekjs ikl dsoy vkidk gh ekeyk gS] tc vkidk ekeyk is'k gksxk rks vkidks iqdkjk tk;sxkA vxj vki chp esa dgh ikuh ihus ;k pk; ihus pys x;s vkSj bl chp iqdkj iM+ xbZ vkSj vki gkftj ugha gks ik;s rks gks ldrk gS fd vxyh is'kh ij vkids f[kykQ okjaV tkjh gks tk, ;k ijs'kku djus ds fy;s f[kykQ ikVhZ }kjk tkjh djk fn;k tk;sA vkSj vxj okjaV ugha Hkh tkjh gks rks Hkh vkids eu

98 esa Hk; rks cuk gh jgrk gS fd dgha ,slk gks u tk,A gdhdr D;k gS bl ckjs esa rks Bhd ls dqN dgk ugha tk ldrk ysfdu lquus esa rks vkrk gS fd fdUgha izdj.kksa esa [kqjkQrh yksx phtksa dks dqN ,sls eSust djrs gSa fd dksVZ ls lEeu tkjh fd;s tkus dh dk;Zokgh rks eqdEey iwjh gksrh gS ysfdu lkeus okys dks lwpuk rc feyrh gS tc mlds ikl fxj¶rkjh okjaV igq¡prk gSA dHkh&dHkh rks yEcs bUrtkj ds ckn 'kke dks rhu&pkj cts vkidh is'kh gksrh gS vkSj vkils dg fn;k tkrk gS fd Qyk¡ rkjh[k dks vxyh is'kh ij vkb;sA ljdkjh odhy ls iwfN;s fd esjk c;ku D;ksa ugha gks ik;k rks og vkidks cyk;sxk fd iqfyl dh rjQ ls og fjdkMZ is'k ugha gqvk ftl ij vkidk c;ku gksuk gSA isf'k;k¡ pyrh jgrh gSa] fjdkWMZ ugha feyrk gS vkSj c;ku Vyrk jgrk gS vkSj fQj fdlh rkjh[k ij vkils dg fn;k tkrk gS fd ekeyk fjO;w ds fy;s Åij dh vnkyr dks jsQj fd;k x;k gSA vkxs tc vkidh t:jr iM+sxh rks vkidks cqyk fy;k tk;sxkA ,slk Hkh gksrk gS fd iqfyl esa ekeyk ntZ gksus vkSj dksVZ esa vkidks c;ku ds fy;s cqyk;s tkus esa gh djhc iPphl lky yx tkrs gSaA vkxs vkidks cqyk;k tkrk gS ;k ugha vkSj vxj cqyk;k tkrk gS rks blesa fdruk le; yxsxk bl ckjs esa dqN dgk ugha tk ldrk gSA ,sls esa cl lk¡l ck¡/kdj pqipki bUrtkj djus ds vykok vkils ikl dksbZ vU; fodYi ugha gksrk gSA pkgs xokgh ;k c;ku ds fy;s gh lgh tc dksVZ dk leu ysdj nks iqfyl okys fdlh ds ?kj igq¡prs gSa rks Hkys gh og fdruk gh cM+k rhlekj [kk¡ D;ksa u gks mlds gkFk iSj Qwy tkrs gSa vkSj dkxt gkFk esa vkrs gh dksVZ&dpgjh dh fdYyr ds ckjs esa lksp dj mldh tku vk/kh gks tkrh gSA dqN cqrQjdkrh o [kqjkQkrh fdLe ds yksx tks dksVZ&dpgjh dh tfVyrkvksa] Vs<+h&es<+h pkyksa vkSj isfpanfx;ksa ls iwjh rkSj ij okfdQ gksrs gSa] ,sls fdlh vkneh] tks muds mYVs lh/ks dkeksa esa 'kjhd ughs gksrk gS] dks uhpk fn[kkus vFkok viuh dksbZ iqjkuh jaft'k fudkyus ds fy;s csotg fdlh izdj.k esa ;k rks Lo;a ;k fdlh ds dU/ks ij cUnwd j[k dj my>k nsrs gSa rkfd og dksVZ&dpgjh ds pDdj esa ijs'kku gksrk jgs vkSj mUgsa ;g dgus fd cM+k fl)kUroknh cuk fQjrk Fkk] vc vk;k gS Å¡V igkM+ ds uhps] mldh f[kYyh mM+kus vkSj mldh ckr u ekuus dk etk p[kkus dk ekSdk fey tk,A vr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd dqN [kqjkQkrh yksxksa ds pDdj esa iM+dj U;k; iz.kkyh vkt muds gkFkksa 'kjhQ o lh/ks lk/ks yksxksa ls viuh [kqUul fudkyus vkSj mUgsa rax djus dk tfj;k cu xbZ gSA bl izdkj ge ns[krs gSa fd viuh le; lk/;] [kphZyh o tfVy ,oa ;a=k.kknk;h izd`fr rFkk vius bnZ fxnZ cqrQjdkrh o

[kqjkQkrh yksxksa dh tekr tksM+ ysus ds dkj.k Hkkjr esa U;k; iz.kkyh vkt vU;k; iz.kkyh cu xbZ gS] tks yksxksa ds vk¡lwa iksNus dh txg mUgsa #ykus dk dke dj jgh gSA oSls Hkh] vius ns'k esa U;k; iz.kkyh dks vkt O;olkf;drk ,oa vkSipkfjdrk us bruh cqjh rjg tdM+ j[kk gS fd blesa U;k; <w<+ ikuk eqf'dy gks x;k gSA blhfy;s yksx bZ'oj ls ;g izkFkZuk djrs jgrs gSa fd Hkxou Hkys gh udZ dk nq[k Hkksxus dh ltk ns nsuk ysfdu iqfyl] dksVZ vkSj dpgjh ds pDdj ls cpk dj j[kukA U;k; esa foyEc% ^dk cj[kk tc d`f"k lq[kkuh* dh dgkor d`f"k ij rks ykxw gksrh gh gS fdUrq mlls dgha vf/kd ;g U;k; ij ykxw gksrh gSA D;ksafd vxj U;k; dh ckV tksgrs tksgrs fdlh dh vk¡[ksa lw[k tk;sa] tsy ds Hkhrj ;k ckgj eqdnes dh ;a=k.kk >syrs&>syrs fdlh dh ftUnxh xqtj tk;s ;k mlds izk.k i[ks: mM+ tk;sa rc dgha tkdj mls U;k; feys rks blls D;k Qk;nk\ blls u rks mldh vk¡[kksa esa [kq'kh Nydsxh] u mldh ftUnxh ds os fnu ykSV dj vk;saxs vkSj u gh mlds izk.k okil vk;saxs] ftlls og ftUnk gksdj ;g tku lds fd mldks U;k; feykA vxj mUuhl lky ds ckn pkSng lky dh Vsful f[kykM+h #fpdk ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ djus ds ekeys esa] ftldh ekufld ;a=k.kk >sy u ikus ds dkj.k mls vkRegR;k djus dks foo'k gksuk iM+k] vfHk;qDr gfj;k.kk ds iwoZ Mhthih dks N% ekg ds dBksj dkjkokl dh ltk fey Hkh xbZ rks bls D;k e`r ihfM+rk dks U;k; feyuk dgk tk ldrk gS\ ;g dsoy #fpdk dk gh ekeyk ugha gS] cfYd tsfldk yky] fufru dVkjk] dfo;=kh e/kqerh tSls vusd izdj.k gSa ftuesa izHkko'kkyh yksxksa ds fo#) ihfM+rkvksa ;k ihfM+rksa dks U;; feyus esa nsj gqbZ ¼if=kdk 2009 % 12%23½ vkSj fuHkZ;k gR;kdk.M tSls dbZ ekeys gSa tks U;k; dh ckV tksg jgs gSaA le; lk/;rk Hkkjrh; U;k; iz.kkyh dh ,d cgqr cM+h [kkeh gSA yEch o tfVy vnkyrh dk;Zokgh ds nkSjku vkneh dks tks ijs'kkuh o ftYyr mBkuh iM+rh gS] tks ekufld ;a=k.kk Hkksxuh iM+rh gS vkSj le; o iSlk [kpZ djuk iM+rk gS bu lcdks ns[krs gq;s yksxksa dks ;g dguk fd ^vnkyr esa tks thrk le>ks gkj x;k vkSj tks gkjk le>ks ej x;k* cgqr dqN lgh yxrk gSaA laizfr vnkyr dk QSlyk vkus esa iUnzg&chl lky yx tkuk dksbZ cM+h ckr ugha gS vkSj vxj brus le; esa Hkh QSlyk vk tk;s rks xuher gS oukZ dksVZ ds QSlys ds bUrtkj esa yksxksa dh iwjh ftUnxh chr tkrh gSA vkerkSj ij ns[kus esa vkrk gS fd rkdroj] frdM+eh vkSj eqdnesckth esa ekfgj yksx fupyh vnkyr ds QSlys ds f[kykQ Åij dh vnkyr esa] ogk¡ Hkh flaxy csap ls Mcy csap esa vkSj vxj

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

99 njvly gekjh vnkyrh iz.kkyh csgn [kphZyh gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] blesa vehj eqdnesckt tks [kpZ ogu dj ldrk gS og U;k; dks /krk crkrk gqvk thrrk fn[kkbZ nsrk gSA vketu tks detksj gksrs gSa vkSj [kpkZ ogu ugha dj ldrs dks rks bl U;k;ra=k esa fujk'kk gh gkFk yxrh gSA Mcy csap dk QSlyk Hkh muds vuqdwy ugha gqvk rks mlls Å¡ph vnkyr esa vihy yxk nsrs gSaA bu lcds ihNs mudh lksp ;g gksrh gS fd ekeyk ftruk f[kapsxk vfHk;kstu i{k dh fujk'kk mruh c<+sxh ftlls mldh vksj ls ekeys dh iSjoh esa <hy vk;sxh] xokg&lcwr detksj iM+saxs vkSj ijs'kku gksdj ihNs gV tk;saxs] ,sls esa mlds nks"k eqDr ;k cjh gksus dh laHkkouk c<+ tk;sxhA lq/kka'kq jatu ¼2015%8½ ds vuqlkj foyEc Hkkjrh; U;k; iz.kkyh dk lcls cM+k jksx gSA rRdkyhu jsyea=kh yfyr ukjk;.k feJ dh gR;k rhu tuojh mUuhl lkS ipgÙkj dks gqbZ vkSj yxHkx pkyhl o"kksZa ckn Vªk;y dksVZ dk QSlyk vk;kA vHkh mPp o mPpre U;k;ky; esa ekeys dh vihy o lquokbZ ckdh gSA vle dk epy ykyqax pkSou o"kksZa rd tsy esa fcuk fdlh Vªk;y ds jgkA bl ckr dk dksbZ fjdkWMZ Hkh ugha Fkk fd mlus dksbZ vijk/k fd;k FkkA ckn esa mPpre U;k;ky; esa ekeys dks ,d tufgr ;kfpdk ds ek/;e ls mBk;s tkus ij mls ,d #i;s ds futh eqpyds ij tsy ls fjgk fd;k x;kA Hkkjrh; U;k; iz.kkyh esa foyEc fdl lhek rd ns[kus dks feyrk gS bls Li"V djrs gq;s os vkxs dgrs gSa fd fo'o esa lcls yEcs le; rd pyus okys eqdnes dk fjdkMZ Hkkjr ds uke gh gS tks fxuht cqd esa ntZ gSA iq.ks esa 28 vizSy 1966 dks ckyk lkgc iVyks th FkksjkV dks ml ekeys esa fu.kZ; feyk tks muds iwoZtksa us 761 lky igys 1205 esa nk;j fd;k FkkA eqík Fkk lkoZtfud lekjksgksa esa v/;{krk djus dkA U;k; esa foyEc dh ckr rks viuh txg gS gh fdlh gn rd dkuwu Hkh] Hkys gh ijks{k :i ls gh lgh] vfHk;qDr dh enn Hkh djrs gSaA lh ch vkbZ ds iwoZ funs'kd tksfxUnj flag dk ekuuk gS fd ewy vf/kdkjksa ds uke ij geus lkjs vf/kdkj vfHk;qDr dks t:j ns fn;s gSa ysfdu ihfM+r O;fDr dks dqN ugha fn;k gSA os fcpkjs ekeys Vyrs jgus ls n'kdksa rd b/kj&m/kj HkVdrs o ijs'kkuh Hkqxrrs jgrs gSaA O;kogkfjd n`f"V ls vxj ns[kk tk;s rks U;k; esa foyEc dks U;k; ugha cfYd vU;k; dguk gh vf/kd lgh yxrk gSa D;ksafd tSlk fd iwoZ esa geus ns[kk fd Hkkjr esa U;kf;d izfØ;k tfVy gh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

ugha cfYd cgqr le;&lk/; gSaA vxj U;k; ds bUrtkj esa yksxksa dh ftUnxh xqtj tk, rks fQj ,sls U;k; dk D;k eryc gqvkA bl lEcU/k esa lhchvkbZ ds iwoZ funs'kd tksfxUnj flag ds vuqlkj ge dg ldrs gSa fd vkt ns'k dh vnkyrksa esa yfEcr ekeyksa dh la[;k rhu djksM+ chl yk[k gS ftlesa ipkl gtkj ekeys mPpre U;k;ky; esa] mUrkyhl yk[k ekeys mPp U;k;ky;ksa esa vkSj ckdh ekeys fupyh vnkyrksa ds py jgs gSaA ¼bjknksa ls feysxk U;k;&oknksa ls ugha½A ,d eksVs vuqeku ¼tulÙkk 2010%7%20%6½ ds vuqlkj vxj dksbZ u;k eqdnek nk;j u gks rc Hkh ekStwnk j¶rkj ds vuqlkj bu vVds ekeyksa dks fuiVkus esa rhu lkS lky yx tk;saxsA vr% ,sls esa vxj ge vU; ckrksa tSls U;k; esa fu"i{krk] xq.koÙkk vkfn dks NksM+ nsa vkSj dsoy yfEcr izdj.kksa dh la[;k vkSj muds fujkdj.k dh j¶rkj dks gh /;ku esa j[ksa rks Hkh ;g ugha dg ldrs fd ns'k esa U;k; dh fLFkfr lUrks"ktud gSA lkoZtfud thou rFkk dk;Zikyura=k ,oa U;k;ra=k esa Hkz"Vkpkj% laizfr lkoZtfud thou esa Hkz"Vkpkj cgqr O;kid :i ls O;kIr gks x;k gSA ukSdj'kkgh ¼ftlds ckjs esa ge iwoZ esa ppkZ dj pqds gSa½ lfgr dekscs'k lekt ds lHkh oxksZa dks blus viuh fxj¶r esa ys fy;k gSA NksVs deZpkjh ls ysdj cM+s vf/kdkjh] [kqnjk O;kikjh ls ysdj cM+s iw¡thifr ,oa O;kikfjd ?kjkuksa rFkk NqVHkS;k usrkvksa ls ysdj cM+s usrkvksa rd dekscs'k lHkh oxZ ,oa Js.kh ds yksxksa esa blus viuh iSB cuk yh gSA jktuhfr dHkh jk"Vª lsok ekuh tkrh Fkh ysfdu vc ,d equkQs dk /kU/kk cu xbZ gSA vc jktuhfr esa Hkz"Vkpkj uhps ds NksVs Lrj ls mB dj Åij cM+s Lrj ij igq¡p x;k gS vkSj ogk¡ ;g brus cM+s iSekus ij bruk O;kid gks x;k gS fd fofHkUu ?kksVkyksa vkSj gokyksa ds ek/;e ls vc nck fNik ugha cfYd txtkfgj gks x;k gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ds [ksy esa jktusrk vkt ukSdj'kkgh ds yksxksa ls Hkh T;knk ekfgj gks x;s gSaA bl ckjs esa lhchvkbZ ds iwoZ funs'kd tksfxUnj flag ¼2014½ }kjk fn;k x;k ,d mnkgj.k dkfcys xkSj gSA ekeyk ,d fctusleSu dk gS ftls ,d u;k m|ksx yxkus ds fy, ljdkj ls eatwjh pkfg;s FkhA ,d fcpkSfy, ds ek/;e ls jde r; gqbZ vkSj ea=kh egksn; us Qkby ij vaxzsth esa

100 vizwOM fy[krs gq;s eatwjh ns nhA tc fu/kkZfjr le; ij jde ugha igq¡ph rc mUgksaus Qkby cqyokbZ vkSj vizwOM ds vkxs vaxzsth esa ^ukV* fy[k fn;k ftldk eryc gks x;k ^ukV vizwOM* vFkkZr eatwjh ughaA vc fctusleSu ,d ubZ eqlhcr esa Qal x;kA ysfdu mlus gkj ugha ekuh vkSj bl eqlhcr ls cpus ds fy, mlus nwljk fcpkSfy;k [kkstk vkSj mlds ek/;e ls ekeyk vc igys ls nqxuh jde ij r; gqvkA jde igq¡p xbZ vkSj ea=kh th us fQj Qkby cqyokbZ vkSj Qkby ij vaxzsth esa fy[ks ukV esa bZ v{kj vkSj tksM+ fn;kA ftlls Qkby ij ^ukV vizwOM* dh txg vc ^uksV vizwOM* gks x;k vFkkZr eatwjh ns nh xbZA lkoZtfud thou ds dekscs'k lHkh {ks=kksa esa Hkz"Vkpkj dh O;kidrk ds pyrs vc Hkkjr dk uke fo'o esa Hkz"Vkpkj ds vxz.kh ns'kksa esa 'kqekj gksus yxk gSA laizfr Hkz"Vkpkj ds lEcU/k esa Vªkalisjsalh bUVjus'kuy }kjk o"kZ 2014 esa fd;s x;s ,d loZs{k.k ds vk/kkj ij 100 ¼vfr LoPN½ ls 0 ¼vfr Hkz"V½ ds iSekus ij Hkkjr 38 ds Ldksj ds lkFk 85osa LFkku ij vofLFkr gSA ,slk yxrk gS fd Hkz"Vkpkj gh vc Hkkjr esa ljdkjksa dk fgMsu ,ts.Mk cu x;k gS] Hkys gh os fpYyk&fpYyk dj Hkz"Vkpkj eqDr 'kklu iznku djus dk vk'oklu nsrh gksa ;k Hkz"Vkpkj ds fo#) ^thjks VkyjsUl* dh ckr djrh gksaA bl lanHkZ esa lhchvkbZ ds iwoZ funs'kd tksfxUnj flag ¼2014½ dk ekuuk gS fd fdlh Hkh ljdkj dh izkFkfedrk vkt iz'kklu esa lPpkbZ ;k bZekunkjh ykuk vFkok mls turk ds izfr tokcnsg cukuk ugha cfYd [kqn dks cpk;s j[kuk gSA jktusrkvksa ;k jktuSfrd nyksa dk vkt ,d gh fl)kUr gS] lÙkk esa cus jgukA turk ls mUgsa dqN ysuk nsuh ugha gSA vius ;gk¡ <sjksa izdkj ds jsX;wysVj o baLisDVj gSa ftudk ewy dke turk dks U;k; ugha cfYd mlls ftruk gks lds mruk iSlk olwy djuk gSA vki pkgsa lkjk dke dkuwu o dk;nk esa djsa fQj Hkh os pkgsa rks vkidk dkj[kkuk ;k vkidk iwjk dkjksckj BIi djk nsa D;ksafd ,sls vf/kdkj muds ikl gSaA muds f[kykQ vxj Åij f'kdk;r dh tk;s rks dksbZ lquus okyk ugha gS D;ksafd iSlk lcds ikl igq¡prk gSA Hkz"Vkpkj vkSj dkuwuksa dh cgqyrk dh otg ls pkykd yksxksa dks dkuwu rksM+us ;k mldh vuns[kh djus dk ekSdk fey tkrk gSA Hkz"Vkpkj ds pyrs dsl ntZ gh ugha gksrs vkSj vxj gksrs Hkh gSa rks ntZ djrs le; gh detksj dj fn;s tkrs gSa ftlls dsl esa U;k; feyus dh laHkkouk {kh.k gks tkrh gSA buds vfrfjDr iqjkus dkuwu vkt ds vijk/kksa dks dkcw esa yk ldsa ;g t:jh ugha gSA lhchvkbZ ds iwoZ funs'kd tksfxUnj flag ¼2014½ dk ekuuk gS fd

1863 ds izkphu dkuwuksa ls 2013 ds Hkz"Vkpkj o vU; vijk/kksa ls ugha fuiVk tk ldrkA bl lanHkZ esa ân; ukjk;.k nhf{kr ¼2010%6½ dk ;g dguk cgqr izklafxd gS fd n.M izfØ;k lafgrk n.M fo/kku dh O;ogkfjd fu;ekoyh gS tks vaxzsth jkt esa Hkkjrh;ksa dks ihfM+r djus ds fy;s cukbZ xbZ Fkh--- iqfyl dkuwu 149 o"kZ iqjkuk gSA cgqr ls iqfyl vk;ksx cusA lqizhe dksVZ us Hkh lq/kkj ds funsZ'k fn;s ysfdu urhtk 'kwU;A fof/k vk;ksx lSdM+ksa iqjkus dkuwu esa la'kks/ku ds lq>ko ns pqdk gS--- lekt cny jgk gSA iqjkus dkuwu vizklafxd gks jgs gSaA u;s dkuwuksa dh vko';drk gS ysfdu cnyh ifjfLFkfr;ksa ds vuq:i fof/k fuekZ.k dk dk;Z ugha gksrkA Hkz"Vkpkj ;fn jktuhfr o ukSdj'kkgh ds nk;js rd gh lhfer jgrk rks Hkh xuher Fkh fdUrq laizfr ;g U;k;ra=k] tks Hkz"Vkpkj ls yM+us dk lokZf/kd fo'oluh; ra=k ekuk tkrk gS] esa Hkh izos'k dj x;k gSA mPpre U;k;ky; ds eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ih-,uHkxorh us lsokfuo`Ùk gksrs gq;s dgk Fkk fd U;k;ikfydk esa Hkz"Vkpkj Nykaxsa ekj jgk gSA dekscs'k blh izdkj dk fopkj lsokfuo`Ùk eq[; U;k;k/kh'k ,l-ih-Hk#pk us Hkh O;Dr fd;k gSA mudk ekuuk gS fd iUnzg izfr'kr ¼15 izfr'kr½ U;k; ikfydk Hkz"V gS ¼uS;j] 2009 % 6½A buds vfrfjDr mPpre U;k;ky; ds gh ,d vU; eq[; U;k;k/kh'k lO; lkaph eqdthZ ¼lan% 'kj.k] 2010%6½ us chl o"kZ igys dgk Fkk fd fupyh vnkyr esa cM+k Hkz"Vkpkj gSA vc mPp o mPprj U;k;ky;ksa ij Hkh Å¡xyh mBus yxh gSA njvly] vkt gekjs thou esa Hkz"Vkpkj bruk O;kid gks x;k gS fd f'k{kk vkSj U;k; tSls lfn;ksa ls lkQ ikd le>s tkus okys tu vkLFkk ds foHkkxksa ij ls Hkh yksxksa dk fo'okl fMxus yxk gSA vkt yksxksa ds eu esa ;g /kkj.kk cuus yxh gS fd vc bu foHkkxksa esa Hkh Hkz"Vkpkj iuius yxk gSA Hkys gh buesa vHkh ;g viuh tM+ ugha tek ik;k gSA vr% bl ckr dh ge vuns[kh ugha dj ldrs fd U;k; tks gekjs ra=k dh /kqjh gS ftl ij gekjk iwjk ra=k fVdk gqvk gS rFkk f'k{kk tks gekjs ra=k dk ekxZn'kZd ;a=k gS] dk O;kf/kxzLr gks tkuk vkus okys le; esa gekjs ns'k o lekt ds fy;s [krjs dk ladsr gSA le; jgrs vxj ge Hkz"Vkpkj :ih bl laØked jksx ij dkcw ugha ikrs gSa rks laHko gS fudV Hkfo"; esa gekjh ;g iwjh O;oLFkk gh /oLr gks tk;s ftls gekjh fiNyh dqN ihf<+;ksa us cM+h dqckZuh nsdj [kM+k fd;k FkkA

Hkkjrh; U;k;ra=k % leL;k;sa ,oa lek/kku ns'k esa U;k; dh fLFkfr ds ckjs esa iwoZ esa dh xbZ ppkZ ds vk/kkj ij ge fu"d"kZ :i esa dg ldrs gSa fd laizfr Hkkjrh;

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

101 U;k;ra=k esa dbZ [kkfe;k¡ vk xbZ gSa vkSj dbZ fodkj iSnk gks x;s gSa] ftudh otg ls blesa dqN njkjsa vk xbZ gSa ysfdu ;s njkjsa vHkh bruh pkSM+h vkSj xgjh ugha gqbZ gSa fd ra=k cSBus dh dxkj ij vk x;k gksA ra=k esa vk;s bu fodkjksa ds fy;s ra=k dks nks"k nsus vkSj dkslus] tSlk fd vkerkSj ij gksrk gS] ds igys gekjs fy;s nks ckrksa dks /;ku esa j[kuk okftc gksxkA ,d rks ;g fd dksbZ ra=k Qqy izwQ gks ,slk vkerkSj ij gksrk ugha gS vkSj vxj gksrk Hkh gS rks viokn Lo:i fdUgha nqyZHk fLFkfr;ksa esa gh gksrk gS fdUrq bldk ;g eryc ugha gS fd ge ra=k ds Qqy izwQ gksus dh vkn'kZ fLFkfr dks izkIr djus vkSj vxj bldh laHkkouk ugha fn[kkbZ iM+s rks de ls de mlds lfUudV igq¡pus dh mEehn vkSj mlds fy;s iz;kl djuk gh NksM+ nsaA nwljh ckr ftl ij gesa /;ku nsus dh t:jr gS og ;g gS fd dgk¡ rd ;s [kkfe;k¡ ra=k dh eSu ikoj e'khujh dh viuh detksfj;ksa dh otg ls vkSj dgk¡ rd ;s ckg~; dkj.kksa dh otg ls gSaA vxj ;s [kkfe;k¡ igys izdkj ds dkj.kksa vFkkZr ra=k dh viuh detksfj;ksa dh otg ls gSa rks de ls de ml gn rd tgk¡ rd ;s ra=k dh detksjh dh otg ls gSa ge ra=k dks dV?kjs esa [kM+k dj ldrs gSa vkSj mldh HkRlZuk Hkh dj ldrs gSa fdUrq vxj ;s ckg~; dkj.kksa dh otg ls gSa rks ra=k dks nks"kh Bgjkuk Bhd ugha gksxkA FkksM+h nsj ds fy;s vxj ge ;g eku ysa fd iUnzg izfr'kr U;k;ikfydk Hkz"V gS vkSj blds fy;s dekscs'k uhps ds Lrj ls ysdj Åij ds Lrj rd ds U;k;k/kh'k Hkh lUnsg ds ?ksjs esa gSa& bl ckr esa lPpkbZ gS ;k ;g lPpkbZ ds cgqr fudV gS rks fuLlansg ge blds fy;s U;k;ra=k dks nks"kh eku ldrs gSa vkSj mldh HkRlZuk Hkh dj ldrs gSaA fdUrq bl ckr ls ?kcjkus ;k ijs'kku gksus dh txg gesa bls nwj djus dh dksf'k'k djuh pkfg;sA D;ksafd ;g dksbZ ,slh [kkeh ugha gS ftldk lek/kku ugha <w<+k tk ldsA bl leL;k ds lek/kku ds fy;s ,d rks ,sls U;k;k/kh'kksa ds dnkpj.k ds fo#) l[r dk;Zokgh dj ;g eslst fn;k tk ldrk gS fd Hkz"Vkpkj dks vc lgu ugha fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mlls l[rh ls fuiVk tk;sxk rkfd Hkfo"; esa nwljs U;k;k/kh'k ,slk djus dk lkgl ugha dj ldsaA nwljs ;g fd ge viuh f'k{kk O;oLFkk dks vf/kd ls vf/kd izHkkodkjh cuk;sa rkfd og ,sls mÙkjnk;h] laLdkjlEiUu ,oa pfj=koku ;qok 'kfDr dk fuekZ.k djs ftlds fdlh izdkj ds izyksHku esa vkdj vius nkf;Ro ls HkVdus dh xqatkb'k ugha jgsA rhljs ;g fd viuh f'k{kk O;oLFkk dks vkn'kZ cukus ds lkFk ge vius lkoZtfud thou dks LoPN o fueZy cukus dh Hkh dksf'k'k djsaA D;ksafd vxj lkoZtfud thou dk ekgkSy xUnk o Hkz"V gksxk rks U;k;k/kh'k Hkh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

blls izHkkfor gks ldrs gSa D;ksafd os Hkh vkf[kj vkneh gh gSa] dksbZ Hkxoku ugha gSa vkSj ;g fd lHkh vkneh leku :i ls etcwr ugha gksrsA ,sls esa fo'ks"k :i ls detksj O;fDrRo ds yksxksa ds fy;s xUns ekgkSy ls izHkkfor gksus dh laHkkouk ls bUdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA rVLFk :i ls ;fn fopkj fd;k tk, rks dgk tk ldrk gS fd U;k;ikfydk dh vf/kdka'k detksfj;ksa ds fy, ckg~; dkj.k fo'ks"k :i ls O;oLFkk tfur dkj.k vf/kd ftEesnkj gSaA U;k;ikfydk Lo;a buds fy;s vf/kd ftEesnkj ugha gSA ;g lgh gS fd nqfu;k¡ tgk¡ vius dke dkt dh iqjkuh rduhdksa vkSj iqjkus rkSj rjhdksa dk vk/kqfudhdj.k dj rsth ls vkxs c<+ jgh gS ogha U;k;ikfydk vius vfHkys[kksa ds j[kj[kko ,oa :Vhu ds dkeksa dks fuiVkus vkfn esa vHkh Hkh viuh iqjkuh rduhdksa vkSj rkSj rjhdksa ls fpidh gqbZ gSA cgqr dqN ftldh otg ls mldh dk;Zdq'kyrk] xq.koÙkk ,oa dk;Zizxfr esa dksbZ lq/kkj ugha gks ik;k gSA bl detksjh ls mcjus ds fy;s U;k;ikfydk dh viuh dk;Ziz.kkyh dks fMftVkbt djus dh t:jr gSA blds fy;s igys mls vius esa bPNk'kfDr iSnk djuh gksxh vkSj dfBu ifjJe djuk gksxkA bl dk;Z dks iwjk djus ds fy;s 'kklu dh vksj ls mls vko';d foÙkh; lgk;rk rFkk dkfeZd izf'k{k.k ,oa vU; vko';d lqfo/kk,¡ miyC/k djkuh gksaxhA Q.M dh deh U;k;ky;ksa ds vk/kqfudhdj.k esa cgqr cM+h ck/kk gS] ftls nwj fd;k tkuk pkfg;sA Hkkjr dh fxurh nqfu;k¡ ds mu ns'kksa esa gksrh gS tgk¡ vkcknh dh rqyuk esa U;k; O;oLFkk ij cgqr de [kpZ gksrk gS ¼tulÙkk] tqykbZ 20] 2011] i`6½A U;k; dh ftu nks fo'ks"krkvksa dks mldh vk/kkjHkwr fo'ks"krk,¡ fu:fir fd;k tk ldrk gS muesa ,d gS fu"i{k U;k;A U;k; dh fu"i{krk dk tgk¡ rd iz'u gS] ;g nks ckrksa ls izHkkfor gks ldrh gSA ,d rks ;g fd U;k;k/kh'k izyksHku] Hk; vFkok futh yxko ;k iwokZxzg ds o'khHkwr gks fu.kZ; esa i{kikr cjrs vkSj nwljs ;g fd dkuwu brus vf/kd gksa ;k brus ypj gksa fd cpko i{k ds odhy lcwr&xokg vkfn ds ek/;e ls ekeys dks bl rjg my>k nsa fd U;k;k/kh'k lgh fu.kZ; ugha ys ikus ds fy;s foo'k gks tk;sA bl flyflys esa tgk¡ rd U;k;ikfydk esa O;kIr Hkz"Vkpkj ls eqfDr ikus dk iz'u gS ge iwoZ esa fopkj dj pqds gSa vkSj tgk¡ rd dkuwu dh cgqyrk] ypjrk vFkok vi;kZIrrk dh otg ls U;k; ds izHkkfor gksus dk iz'u gS] blls cpus ds fy;s dgk tk ldrk gS fd vuqHkoh o l{ke fof/k fo'ks"kKksa dks ysdj ,d O;kid dkuwu lq/kkj vk;ksx

102 dk xBu fd;k tkuk pkfg;s tks fo|eku dkuwuksa esa iwoZ esa xfBr vk;ksxksa }kjk lq>k;s x;s lq/kkjksa dh leh{kk rFkk lekt ds fof/k ,oa fof/k;srj i{kksa ls ppkZ ds vk/kkj ij vizklafxd iM+ x;s iqjkus dkukwuksa ds fujlu vkSj vkt dh t:jr ds vuqlkj u;s dkuwuksa ds fuekZ.k ;k iqjkus dkuwuksa esa la'kks/ku gsrq jpukRed lq>ko izLrqr djs] ftUgsa fopkjksikUr fØ;kfUor fd;k tk ldsA U;k; dh nwljh vk/kkjHkwr fo'ks"krk gS le; ij U;k; feyukA ysfdu ihfM+r dks le; ij U;k; u fey dj foyEc ls feyuk tSlk fd ge iwoZ esa fopkj dj pqds gSa] Hkkjrh; U;k;ra=k dh ,d cM+h detksjh gSA fdUrq vxj U;k;ky;ksa esa nkf[ky ekeyksa dh rqyuk esa U;k;k/kh'kksa dh la[;k cgqr de gks rks blds fy;s U;k;ikfydk dks nks"kh Bgjkuk mfpr ugha gSA izk;% vius ;gk¡ ns[kus esa vkrk gS fd fupys ,oa mPp U;k;y;ksa ls ysdj mPpre U;k;ky; rd esa U;k;k/kh'kksa ds cgqr ls in fjDr iM+s jgrs gSa] ftldk ,d dkj.k ;g gS fd mUgsa Hkjus dh izfØ;k cgqr /kheh gSA lkFk gh] ns[kus esa ;g Hkh vkrk gS fd ftl j¶rkj ls lekt esa fookn ,oa vijk/k rFkk muds fo#) U;k;ky;ksa esa ntZ ekeyksa dh la[;k c<+ jgh gS ml j¶rkj ls u rks U;k;ky;ksa esa U;k;k/kh'kksa dh la[;k c<+ jgh gS vkSj u gh U;k;ky;ksa dh vUrlZjpuk dk fodkl gks ik jgk gS rkfd U;kf;d izfØ;k esa xfr vk ldsA U;k;ky;ksa esa ntZ ekeyksa dh la[;k vkSj U;k;k/kh'kksa dh la[;k esa o`f) dh njksa esa vUrj dh otg ls tgk¡ U;kf;d fu.kZ;ksa dh xq.koÙkk vU;Fkk izHkkfor gksrh gS ogha U;k;ky;ksa esa yfEcr izdj.kksa dh la[;k ?kVus dh txg c<+rh tkrh gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] U;k; esa foyEc Hkh c<+rk tkrk gSA bl leL;k ds lek/kku ds fy;s ,d rks U;k;k/kh'kksa ds fjDr inksa dks izkFkfedrk ds vk/kkj ij Hkjk tkuk pkfg;s vkSj nwljs U;k;y;hu vko';drk ds vuqlkj fofHkUu Lrjksa ij U;k;k/kh'kksa ds u;s in l`ftr fd;s tkus pkfg;s vkSj mu ij Hkh ;Fkk'kh?kz fu;qfDr;k¡ dh tkuh pkfg;sA lkFk gh] tgk¡ mPp Lrj ij yfEcr izdj.kksa dh la[;k dks n`f"Vxr j[krs gq;s vfrfjDr U;k;ky;hu [k.MihBsa LFkkfir dh tkuh pkfg;s ogha uhps ds Lrj ij vko';drkuqlkj u;s U;k;ky; [kksys tkus ds lkFk vfrfjDr Rofjr ,oa xzkeh.k U;k;ky;ksa rFkk yksd vnkyrksa dh O;oLFkk Hkh dh tkuh pkfg,A

milagkj vkt dh nqfu;k esa gj vkneh dekscs'k vius gh Hkys ds ckjs esa lksprk gSA nwljksa ds Hkys ds ckjs esa rks 'kk;n gh dHkh dksbZ lksprk gSA nwljksa ls og U;k; ,oa fu;e dkuwu ds ifjikyu rFkk

vkSjksa dh HkykbZ ds fy;s dke djus dh vis{kk t:j djrk gS ysfdu ckr tc [kqn ij vkrh gS rks budh vuns[kh djrk gSA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd vk/kqfudrk o mÙkj vk/kqfudrk ds ftl nkSj ls vkt ge xqtj jgs gSa mlesa ijfgr dh ckr rks nwj] lR; vkSj U;k; ds vuqikyu lEcU/kh vkn'kZ vkSj ewY; Hkh foyqIr gks jgs gSaA LFkkfir vkn'kksZa vkSj ewY;ksa ds vHkko esa dsoy jkT;] dkuwu o ljdkj lekt esa U;k; dh LFkkiuk dj ik;saxs blesa cgqr lUnsg gS D;ksafd fu;e o dkuwu u rks Lo;a curs gSa vkSj u gh Lo;a lapkfyr gksrs gSaA bUgsa euq"; cukrk gS vkSj ogh bUgsa ykxw Hkh djrk gSA U;k; vkSj vU;k; Hkh u rks Lo;a mn~Hkwr gksrs gSa vkSj u gh fdlh nSoh; 'kfDr ls izsfjr gksrs gSaA vU;k; Hkh euq"; djrk gS vkSj U;k; Hkh euq"; djrk gS vkSj vU;k; dks nwj dj U;k; dh LFkkiuk Hkh euq"; gh djrk gSA blfy;s lkekftd y{;ksa dh izkfIr vkSj lekt esa vkn'kksZa o ewY;ksa dh LFkkiuk ds fy;s ge ekuoh; rRo dh mis{kk ugha dj ldrs vkSj ekuo vPNk gks ldrk gS vkSj cqjk HkhA ;ksX; gks ldrk gS vkSj v;ksX; HkhA deZB gks ldrk gS vkSj vdeZ.; HkhA fu"i{k gks ldrk gS vkSj i{kikrh HkhA bekunkj gks ldrk gS vkSj Hkz"V HkhA lPpfj=k gks ldrk gS vkSj nq'pfj=k HkhA dgus dk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd vxj lekt esa yksxksa esa ;ksX;rk o {kerk ugha gS] fu"i{krk] lR; o U;k; ds izfr fu"Bk rFkk uSfrdrk] bZekunkjh ,oa drZO; o nkf;Ro cks/k tSls pkfjf=kd xq.k ugha gaS rks u rks mlesa lR;fu"B o U;k;fu"B fu;eksa o dkuwuksa dk fuekZ.k gks ldsxk vkSj u gh fu"i{k o U;k;laxr <ax ls mudk O;ogkfjd vuqikyu gks ik;sxkA tgk¡ rd O;fDr esa ekuoh; xq.kksa ds fodkl ,oa pfj=k fuekZ.k dk iz'u gS ;g lkekftdj.k ,oa lkaLd`frd vUrjhdj.k dh izfØ;kvksa ds ek/;e ls gksrk gSA ;s thoui;ZUr pyus okyh izfØ;k,¡ gSaA buesa vusd O;fDr;ksa] lewgksa ,oa laLFkkvksa dh egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk gksrh gSA bl lEcU/k esa tgk¡ rd laLFkkxr ek/;eksa dh ckr gS] yksxksa esa U;k; vkSj U;k; ds izfr fu"Bk] fu;e o dkuwu ds ifjikyu dh vkarfjd bPNk rFkk vkRekuq'kklu ds fodkl esa f'k{kk dh egrh Hkwfedk gksrh gSA vc rd dh ppkZ ds vk/kkj ij lkjka'k :i esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd vktknh ds bu vM+lB lkyksa ds lrr ,oa lagr iz;klksa ds ckotwn lekt esa U;k; dh LFkkiuk lEcU/kh vius y{; ls vHkh ge cgqr nwj gSaA U;k;iw.kZ lekt dh LFkkiuk ds laoS/kkfud vkn'kZ rd igq¡pus ds ekxZ esa vHkh Hkh vusd ck/kk;sa gSa ftUgsa ge vHkh nwj ugha dj ik;s gSaA fo'ks"k :i ls Hkkjr dh ijaijkRed lkekftd lajpuk

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

103 rFkk /kkfeZd ,oa lkaLd`frd fofo/krkvksa ds pyrs ns'k esa lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd U;k; rFkk O;fDr dh xfjek vkSj jk"Vª dh ,drk dks lqfuf'pr djus okyh cU/kqrk ds fodkl ds ekxZ esa gekjs lkeus dbZ nq"dj o nqlk/; pqukSfr;k¡ gSa] ftuls ikj ikuk ;|fi vklku ugha gS fQj Hkh] vxj ge ,d ,slh f'k{kk iz.kkyh tks csgrj Kku iznku djus ds lkFk O;fDr esa csgrj pfj=k dk fuekZ.k Hkh djrh gks rFkk ,d ,slh dk;ZlaLd`fr tks lgh txg ij lgh O;fDr dh inLFkkiuk rFkk dk;ksZiyfC/k ds vk/kkj ij mls lkekftd ifjykHk dh izkfIr lqfuf'pr djrh gks dk fodkl dj ikrs gSa rks fuf'pr :i ls ge ,d U;k;iw.kZ o mUur'khy lekt dh LFkkiuk lEcU/kh vius y{; dh izkfIr esa lQy gks ldrs gSaA ysfdu gdhdr rks ;g gS fd lafo/kku ds ek/;e ls HksnHkko dh lekfIr vkSj Lora=krk o lekurk dks lekt dk cqfu;knh fl)kUr fu:fir fd, tkus ds ckotwn yxrk gS fd yEcs le; ls lekt esa tM+ tek pqds tUexr HksnHkko ls Hkkjrh; lekt dk tYnh ihNk NwVus okyk ugha gSA igys ;g HksnHkko 'kq)rk&v'kq)rk ,oa dqyhurk&eyhurk dh /kkj.kkvksa ij vk/kkfjr o.kZ ,oa tkfr ds :i esa Fkk tcfd vkt ,sfrgkfld {kfriwfrZ dh fcuk ij ukxfjd HksnHkko dh uhfr ij vk/kkfjr tkrh; vkj{k.k ds :i esa gSA ifj.kkeLo:i] lekt esa tkfr o tkfr vk/kkfjr HksnHkko vkt Hkh fo|eku gS Hkys gh blds vkdkj] Lo:i rFkk ;a=k.kknk;h izd`fr ,oa dM+qokgV esa igys ls deh vkbZ gSA blh izdkj /kkfeZd Lora=krk dh vfHkO;fDr rFkk jkT; dks /keZfujis{k Lo:i iznku fd;s tkus ds ckotwn lkaiznkf;drk Hkh lekt esa fdlh u fdlh :i esa vkt Hkh eqdEey dk;e gSA vkSj tkfr ,oa /keZ rFkk tkrh; ,oa /kkfeZd vkxzgksa ds pyrs Hkkjrh; lekt esa ,drk o U;k; dh LFkkiuk dk dk;Z vklku ugha gSA tkfrokn] laiznk;okn] {ks=kokn rFkk ikVhZokn vk/kkfjr i{kikr ,oa rqf"Vdj.k rFkk Hkz"Vkpkj tSls fodkjksa ls xzLr Hkkjrh; lekt dh orZeku gkyr dks ns[krs gq;s rks ;gh yxrk gS fd ,d U;k;iw.kZ o mUur'khy lekt dh LFkkiuk lEcU/kh gekjk vkn'kZ vHkh ;FkkFkZ ls cgqr nwj gSA gk¡] foxr vM+lB lkyksa eas bruk t:j gqvk gS fd ge vius y{; ls u rks HkVds gSa vkSj u gh blds fy;s fd, tkus okys iz;kl esa tkus&vutkus dHkh deh vkus nh gSA oSls vkus okyk le; ubZ ih<+h dk gS ftlds lkspus o dke djus dk <ax iqjkuh ih<+h ls fcYdqy tqnk gSA vxj gkbZVsd lkslk;Vh dh vksj rsth ls c<+ jgh bl ih<+h ds lkspus o dke djus dk ;g vk/kqfudrkijd] fMftVy

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

<ax gekjs fo/kk;hra=k] dk;Zikyura=k ,oa U;k;ra=k dh ijEijkxr tM+rk ,oa O;fDrijd vfHkufr dks nwj dj ikrk gS rks Hkys gh bleas dqN le; yxs fdUrq ,d U;k;iw.kZ] mUur o ,drkijd lekt dh LFkkiuk lEcU/kh vius y{; dks izkIr djus esa ge vo'; lQy gksaxsA bleas fdlh izdkj ds lUnsg dh dksbZ xqatkb'k ugha gSA y{; gS dfBu] HkVdko Hkh cgqr gS] exj vrhr dh xkSjo'kkyh /kjksgj Lora=krk] lekurk vkSj vkRe&,dRo ds mifu"knh; fl)kÙk] izse] Hkkbpkjk ,oa vÙknhiks Hko ds cq) ds lans'k vkSj mfÙk"Br tkxzr izkI; cjku fucks/kr lEcU/kh fosdkuUn ds mifu"knh; vkg~oku ds lEoy gekjs lkFk gSaA fuf'pr gh ge ,d fnu HksnHkko] vU;k; vkSj Hkz"Vkpkj dh O;kf/k;ksa tkrh;] lkaiznkf;d o ySafxd cU/kuksa ls eqDr gkasxs vkSj ,d U;k;iw.kZ mUur lekt dh jpuk esa dke;kc gksaxsA cl] t:jr gS etcwr ladYi] n`<+ bPNk'kfDr vkSj vius liuksa dks lkdkj djus ds tuwu dhAA

lanHkZ 1- nhf{kr] ân; ukjk;.k 2010 fujk'k djrk U;kf;d ra=k nSfud tkxj.k tqykbZ 30 2- uS;j] dqynhi 2009 lk[k xok¡rh U;k;ikfydk nSfud tkxj.k fnlEcj 17 3- jatu] lq/kka'kq 2015 U;kf;d nsjh dk f'kdkj gkf'keiqjk fgUnqLrku ekpZ 26 4- flag] tksfxUnj 2010 dkuwu ;k dkxth 'ksj nSfud HkkLdj 01%20%08 5- flag] tksfxUnj 2014 Qkbyksa ds uhps ne rksM+rh O;oLFkk nSfud HkkLdj tuojh 23 6- flag] jkexksiky 1999 lkekftd U;k; yksdra=k vkSj tkfr O;oLFkk] jkor] t;iqj 7- flag jkexksiky 2014 cnyko dh ngyht ij Hkkjrh; yksdra=k ehfM;k foe'kZ ¼tuojh&ekpZ½ vad] i`- 109&16 8- 'kadj 'kj.k 2010 ;ksX;rk dk eksy nks dkSM+h tulÙkk tuojh 2 1@7] ,evk;th] f'kokuh dkEIysDl f'kokth uxj] Hkksiky& 16] eks- 91&9425443531

104

Le`fr 'ks"k osn izrki oSfnd

vCnqy dyke% lk/kq oSKkfud MkW- dyke vius <ax ds vuwBs O;fä FksA os vuwBs eqlyeku Hkh FksA mUgksaus vius vkpj.k ls fganqLrku ds eqlyekuksa dks ubZ xfjek iznku dhA bLyke dk mnkj #i ns[kuk gks rks MkW- dyke ds 'kkunkj O;fäRo esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA muds O;fäRo esa foKku vkSj /keZ dk vn~Hkqr esy FkkA

b

lls vPNk egkiz;k.k D;k gks ldrk gS\ MkW- vCnqy dyke dks og lkSHkkX; feyk] tks vkt rd Hkkjr ds fdlh Hkh jk"Vªifr dks ugha feykA os vafre {k.k rd dk;Zjr jgsA jk"Vªifr in NksM+us ds ckn Hkh os ftrus lfØ; jgs] dksbZ vkSj jk"Vªifr ugha jgkA os jk"Vªifr ugha curs rks Hkh os cM+s vkneh FksA os Hkkjr ds ,sls igys jk"Vªifr Fks] tks jktuhfr ls fdlh Hkh rjg tqM+s ugha FksA oSls dksbZ O;fä vDlj jk"Vªifr rks dbZ futh fo'ks"krkvksa ds dkj.k curk gS ysfdu jk"Vªifr cuus ds fy, vusd jktuhfrd ifjfLFkfr;ka gh ftEesnkj gksrh gSaA vCnqy dyke 'kq) vius xq.kksa ds dkj.k jk"Vªifr cusA felkbyesu dh rkSj ij fo[;kr gksdj os Hkkjr jRu rks cu gh pqds FksA muds fu/ku ij lkjs ns'k esa tSlk 'kksd dk ekgkSy cuk gS] ogh crkrk gS fd os fdrus yksdfiz; FksA MkW- dyke vius <ax ds vuwBs O;fä FksA os vuwBs eqlyeku Hkh FksA mUgksaus vius vkpj.k ls fganqLrku ds eqlyekuksa dks ubZ xfjek iznku dhA bLyke dk mnkj :i ns[kuk gks rks MkWdyke ds 'kkunkj O;fäRo esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA muds O;fäRo esa foKku vkSj /keZ dk vn~Hkqr esy FkkA eSaus dbZ ckj Lo;a ns[kk fd os tSu eqfu egkizKth ds lkFk n'kZu ds xw<+ jgL;ksa ij fopkj&foe'kZ djrs FksA muds dk;ZØeksa esa Hkkx Hkh ysrs FksA v{kj/kke ds izeq[k Lokeh ds lkFk gq, vk/;kfRed okrkZyki ij Hkh mudh iqLrd Nih gSA mUgksaus 2020 dk Hkkjr dSlk cus] bl eqís ij ,d LoIun'khZ fopkjd dh rjg fy[kk gSA mUgksaus dbZ iqLrdsa eq>s Lo;a HksaV dhaA os pkgrs Fks fd Hkkjrh; yksdra=k f}nyh; cusA pqukoh mEehnokj fcYdqy LoPN gksaA f'k{kk esa dke&/ka/kksa dk izf'k{k.k vfuok;Z gksA Hkkjr dh lqj{kk vHks| gksA xjhch nwj gksA ysfdu ;g lc dkSu djsxk\ gekjs usrk Hkh ;gh dgrs gSa ysfdu oksV vkSj uksV ds pDdj esa lc dqN Hkwy tkrs gSaA MkW- jktsanz izlkn vkSj MkW- jk/kkd`".ku ds vykok yxHkx lHkh jk"Vªifr;ksa ds lkFk esjk vPNk ifjp; jgk gSA

mu lc esa eq>s MkW- vCnqy dyke dqN vyx <ax ds O;fä yxrs FksA eSa tc Hkh muls feyrk] eq>s yxrk fd eSa fdlh i<+s&fy[ks lk/kq ls ckr dj jgk gwaA jk"Vªifr cuus ij Hkh mUgksaus viuh lknxh vkSj lgtrk dks T;ksa dk R;ksa cuk, j[kkA jk"Vªifr Hkou dh nkorksa esa os [kqn esgekuksa dks iwNrs FksA mudk pfj=k Hkh csnkx FkkA muds bl dFku ij D;k ge /;ku nsaxs fd esjs ejus ij ns'k esa Nqêh ?kksf"kr u dh tk,A ml fnu yksx T;knk dke djsaA D;k gh vPNk gks fd ns'k ds lHkh egkiq#"kksa ds tue vkSj ej.k dh Nqfê;ka [kRe dj nh tk,¡A D;k eksnh ljdkj esa bruk uSfrd cy gS\ muds jk"Vªifr&dky ds nkSjku mUgksaus lgh ckr ij ges'kk tksj fn;k] gkykafd fcgkj ljdkj dks c[kkZLr djus ds vkns'k ij mUgsa vius ekLdks&;k=kk ds nkSjku nLr[kr djus iM+sA lp iwNk tk, rks eSa dg ldrk gwa fd vkusokyh ihf<+;ksa dks gekjs jk"Vªifr;ksa ds uke ;kn jgsa ;k u jgsa ysfdu Hkkjr ds egku oSKkfud dh rkSj ij MkW- vCnqy dyke dk uke lnk ;kn jgsxkA mUgsa esjh lknj J)katfy! ys[kd ofj"B i=kdkj gSaA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

Le`fr 'ks"k mes'k prqoZsnh

105

cukoVhiu ls rkftanxh nwj jgs ;knojko ns'keq[k ds laiknd jgs] lgtrk dh vuU; ika ptU; ewfrZ] [kkfyl lgt bUlku vkSj vius pgsrksa ds chp dkdw ds rkSj ij e'kgwj ;knojko ns'keq[k pkj twu dks ogka ds fy, dwp dj x,] tgka ls dksbZ ykSVdj ugha vkrk--nhun;ky 'kks/k laLFkku ds izeq[k jgs 87 lky ds ;kno jko ns'keq[k jk"Vªh; Lo;alsod la?k ds ,sls dk;ZdrkZ Fks] ftUgsa vgadkj Nw rd ugha x;k Fkk--ftl oä mUgksaus egkiz;k.k fd;k] ml oä v'kksd egku dh csVh la?kfe=kk }kjk cuok, x, lkaph ds Lrwi dh ;k=kk ij Fkk--fygktk ckck dh vkf[kjh ;k=kk dk ekSu vkSj ekfeZd xokg ugha cu ik;k--ysfdu fofn'kk ls fnYyh ykSVus ds Øe esa tSls gh ;g [kcj feyh--;knksa ds fgaMksyksa esa ckck ls tqM+h dbZ lkjs ,d&,d dj vkus yxha--muds lqiq=k Hkkjrh; tulapkj laLFkku dh ohfFk;ksa esa vius lgikBh jgs gSa-blhfy, ckck ls ifjp; Hkh gqvk vkSj ;knojko ns'keq[k gekjs fy, Hkh ckck ;kuh firk gh gks x,--;'koar dh eka Hkh gesa csVk gh ekurh jgha--dHkh uke ugha fy;k--cgjgky ;knksa ds fgaMksys ls Nudj vk;h ,d ;kn lk>k dj jgk gwa--tks [kkfyl i=kdkjh; vuqHko ls ifjiw.kZ gS-uoacj dh 'kq#vkr ds lkFk gh fnYyh dh fQtka fudV vrhr dh xfeZ;ksa ls tSls futkr ikus yxrh gSA 1999 dk uoacj Hkh nwljs lkyksa dh rjg xqykch BaM dh vkHkk fy, gh 'kq: gqvk FkkA ysfdu ml lky vpkud ,d fnu fl;klh rkieku c<+ x;kA rkieku c<+us dh otg Fkh Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ ds fy, iz'u izns'k cuk mÙkjizns'kA 1999 ds yksdlHkk pqukoksa esa dY;k.k flag ds ckxh rsoj ds pyrs chtsih dks flQZ 29 lhVksa ij gh larks"k djuk iM+k FkkA blds Bhd ,d lky igys ds pqukoksa esa chtsih dks izns'k dh 85 esa ls 52 lhVksa ij thr gkfly gqbZ FkhA bu lhVksa ds lkFk gh dsanz esa oktis;h dh ljdkj dh egRoiw.kZ uhao mÙkjizns'k us j[kh FkhA ysfdu lky chrrs&chrrs mÙkjizns'k dh chtsih dh van:uh jktuhfr us iyVk [kk;kA rRdkyhu eq[;ea=kh dY;k.k flag us ckxh rsoj vf[r;kj fd, vkSj blds ckn mÙkjizns'k chtsih ds fy, lokyksa dk izns'k cu x;kA ,sls ekgkSy esa dY;k.k flag dks cnys tkus dh lqxcqxkgV rks FkhA ysfdu mudh txg ij fdldh rktiks'kh gksxh] blds fy, d;klksa ds nkSj gh tkjh FksA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

,sls d;klckft;ksa ds nkSj esa uoacj 1999 dh ,d 'kke y[kuÅ ls [kcj vkbZ fd jkeizdk'k xqIr dks mÙkjizns'k esa chtsih fo/kkueaMy ny dk usrk pquk tk,xk vkSj mUgsa eq[;ea=kh in dh 'kiFk fnykbZ tk,xhA fnypLi ;g gS fd mÙkjizns'k dh 1967 dh lafon ljdkj esa tula?k ds dksVs ls mieq[;ea=kh vkSj 1977 dh turk ikVhZ dh ljdkj esa m|ksx ea=kh jg pqds jkeizdk'k xqIr dks i=kdkj fcjknjh Hkwy xbZ FkhA rc bu iafä;ksa dk ys[kd nSfud HkkLdj ds fnYyh C;wjks esa crkSj jktuhfrd laoknnkrk dk;Zjr FkkA /;ku jgs fd rc xwxy lpZ batu dk tekuk ugha Fkk vkSj baVjusV lfØ;rk dk rqjark&Qqjark nkSj 'kq: gh ugha gqvk FkkA rc nSfud HkkLdj ds fnYyh C;wjks ds izeq[k 'kjn f}osnh FksA mu fnuksa ,tsafl;ka ,sls izeq[k usrkvksa dh izksQkby fn;k djrh FkhaA ysfdu jkeizdk'k xqIr ds uke okyh Qkby u rks ;wukbVsM U;wt vkWQ bafM;k esa Fkh vkSj uk gh izsl VªLV vkWQ bafM;k esaA pwafd 'kjn f}osnh nksuksa gh ,tsafl;ksa dh fganh lfoZl okrkZ vkSj Hkk"kk ds laLFkkidksa esa ls ,d FksA fygktk nksuksa gh ,tsafl;ksa ls muds ikl jkeizdk'k xqIr dh izksQkby ds fy, tkudkjh ;k U;wt dkWih dh ekax vkus yxhA 'kjn th dks jkeizdk'k xqIr dh ;kn rks Fkh] ysfdu mudh eqdEey izksQkby mUgsa ;kn ugha FkkA ,sls ekgkSy esa mUgksaus bu iafä;ksa ds ys[kd dh [kkst 'kq: djkbZA rc eksckby Qksu dk Hkh tekuk ugha FkkA cgjgky ges'kk dh rjg 'kke dks viuh chV dh [kcjsa ysdj n¶rj igqapk rks 'kjn th us Qjeku lquk fn;k fd fdlh Hkh rjg ls jkeizdk'k xqIr dh izksQkby rS;kj djks] D;ksafd Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ mUgsa mÙkjizns'k dk eq[;ea=kh cukus tk jgh gSA rc ladV ;g [kM+k gqvk fd vkf[kj xqIr dh tkudkjh dSls gkfly dh tk,A ,sls ekSdksa ij LoxhZ; Hkkuqizrki 'kqDy dh ;kn vkrh FkhA Hkkuq th tSls fojkV O;fäRo ls irk ugha D;ksa dHkh f>>d ugha gqbZ vkSj uk gh dHkh mUgksaus u, uosys yksxksa ls Hkh feyus&ckr djus esa viuh fojkV 'kf[l;r dks vkM+s vkus fn;kA ysfdu ml fnu fnYyh ds caxkyh ekdsZV okys vius fuokl ij os ugha FksA Qksu fjlho djus okys us tc ;g tkudkjh nh rks ,lkbuesaV iwjk uk gksus dk ladV [kM+k gksrk utj vk;kA blh nkSjku 'kjn th ds dgs dqN 'kCn ;kn

106 vk,A mUgksaus jkeizdk'k xqIr dh tkudkjh nsrs gq, dgk fd eSaus mUgsa y[kuÅ uxj fuxe esa doj fd;k FkkA ;gka ;g crk nsuk t:jh gS fd 'kjn th dqN fnuksa rd fganqLrku lekpkj ds fy, y[kuÅ esa laoknnkrk jg pqds FksA blh ,d okD; us tSls jkeizdk'k xqIr dks idM+us dk lw=k ns fn;kA rc rRdky ckck dh ;kn vkbZA ckck ;kuh ;knojko ns'keq[kA ikaptU; ds iwoZ laiknd] jk"Vªh; Lo;alsod la?k ds fopkjd vkSj xaHkhj i=kdkj ;knojko ns'keq[k dks gekjs lHkh lkFkh ckck gh dgk djrs FksA muds csVs vkSj lh oksVj ds laLFkkid ;'koar ns'keq[k pwafd Hkkjrh; tulapkj laLFkku esa gekjs lkFkh Fks] fygktk bl ukrs muds ckck ge lHkh cSpesV~l ds fy, ckck gh gks x, FksA ckck ejkBh esa firk dk lacks/ku gksrk gSA cgjgky ckck dks Qksu fd;kA ckck oS'kkyh ds vius ?kj esa gh FksA muls tc Qksu ij iwNk fd ckck vkidks irk jkeizdk'k xqIr ds ckjs esa irk gSA ckck dks yxk fd ok/kZD; ds pyrs jkeizdk'k xqIr dk fu/ku gks x;k gSA fygktk nwljh rjQ dk tokc lqus fcuk os nq[k esa Mwc x, vkSj ckj&ckj ,d gh loky iwNus yxs fd csVk] mldk D;k gqvk\ fQj tokc lqus fcuk 1967 ds fo/kkulHkk pqukoksa dk ftØ djus yxsA Qksu ds nwljh rjQ mudh ;knksa dk fiVkjk [kqy x;k FkkA os dg jgs Fks& csVk jkeizdk'k esjk vPNk nksLr Fkk--cgqr Hkyk vkneh Fkk--bfrgkl us mlds lkFk U;k; ugha fd;k--fQj mUgksaus ;g Hkh crkuk 'kq: fd;k fd muds pquko izpkj ds oä iSls ugha Fks rks fdl rjg lk;fdy ls gjnksbZ esa izpkj fd;k Fkk--dSls ,d ckj Fkddj ,d iqfy;k ij foJke fd;k Fkk--dSls xkao okyksa ls ekax dj [kk;k Fkk vkSj dSls thr gkfly gqbZ Fkh---cgjgky bruk lquus ds ckn eSaus nwljh rjQ ls ckck dks Vksd fn;k---ckck vki ukgd ijs'kku gks jgs gSa--njvly chtsih mUgsa mÙkj izns'k dk eq[;ea=kh cukus tk jgh gS vkSj mudh izksQkby fy[kus ds fy, eSaus vkidks Qksu fd;k gS---esjk bruk lquus ds ckn ckck gal iM+s--Bgkds yxkrs mUgsa de gh lquk Fkk--ysfdu ml fnu mUgksaus gYdk Bgkdk yxk;k vkSj Qksu ij gh cksys&csVk eSa rks muds ckjs esa dqN vkSj gh lksp cSBk Fkk-- cgjgky ckck us mudh jktuhfrd ;k=kk] muds dkedkt] muds 'kklu ds rjhds] muds tula?k ls tqM+us vkfn dks ysdj yach&pkSM+h tkudkjh nhA mUgha tkudkfj;ksa ds vk/kkj ij eSaus rc jkeizdk'k xqIr dh izksQkby fy[kh FkhA og izksQkby nSfud HkkLdj ds uoacj 1999 ds 'kq#vkrh g¶rksa dh Qkbyksa esa vc Hkh dgha ntZ gksxhA ;gka ;g crk nsuk t:jh gS fd gkFk ls fy[kh mlh izksQkby dks FkksM+k&cgqr lq/kkj dj 'kjn th us okrkZ vkSj Hkk"kk ds vius f'k";ksa dks QSDl dj fn;k Fkk---bl rkdhn ds lkFk fd blds fy, ikfjJfed fHktok nsukA ml fnu ;w,uvkbZ vkSj ihVhvkbZ us mlh izksQkby ds vk/kkj jkeizdk'k xqIrk dh izksQkby izlkfjr dh

vkSj T;knkrj v[kckjksa us mls gh izdkf'kr fd;k FkkA jkeizdk'k xqIr dh ml izksQkby dh lanHkZ lkexzh ckck ;kuh ;knojko ns'keq[k us nh FkhA ;knojko ns'keq[k ls igyh eqykdkr vDVwcj 1993 esa y[kuÅ esa gqbZ FkhA rc os yk Iykl ds ,d ¶ySV esa jgk djrs FksA igyh gh eqykdkr esa muds lgt vkSj ljy O;fäRo us viuk eu eksg fy;kA blds ckn xkgs&cxkgs muls eqykdkr gksrh jghA ysfdu psgjs ij mudh eqLdku lnk cuh jghA muds O;fäRo esa dksbZ cukoVhiu ugha FkkA lgtrk mudh 'kf[l;r dk lkSan;Z FkhA ;gh otg gS fd muds fy, u;k gks ;k iqjkuk] ,d cjkcj FkkA Hkkjrh;rk mudh jx&jx esa FkhA fiNys fnuksa tc ofj"B i=kdkj jkecgknqj jk; dks jkekuankpk;Z lEeku feyk rks xkft;kckn ds esokM+ baLVhVîwV ds lHkkxkj esa ckck Hkh ekStwn FksA eap ls jkecgknqj jk; us ftu nks yksxksa dk uke fy;k Fkk] muesa ls ,d ;knojko ns'keq[k dk gh uke FkkA dSalj tSlh ?kkrd chekjh ls os fiNys rhu lkyksa ls tw> jgs FksA ysfdu muds psgjs ij ihM+k dk dksbZ va'k ugha Fkk vkSj uk gh dksbZ vQlksl---fd ftanxh muds gkFkksa ls jsr dh ekfuan fQly jgh gS--vius lgt vankt esa os dg Hkh nsrs Fks fd mUgksaus Hkjiwj ftanxh th gS vkSj mUgsa dksbZ eyky ugha gSa---vxLr 2012 esa okRlY; xzke] o`ankou esa Hkkuqizrki 'kqDy dh t;arh eukbZ xbZ Fkh rks ogka Hkh ckck gkftj Fks vkSj iwjs dk;ZØe esa ltx ekStwnxh ds lkFk cus jgsA dqN viuh O;Lrrkvksa vkSj fjgk;'k dh nwjh dh otg ls ckck ls lkyksa rd eqykdkr ugha gksrh Fkh] ysfdu tc Hkh os feyrs Fks] gj ckj ;gh Mj gksrk Fkk fd bl ckj 'kk;n os u igpkusaA fnYyh esa u igpkuuk tSls cM+s yksxksa dh 'kf[l;r dk ,d fgLlk gSA ysfdu ckck gj ckj bl vk'kadk dks xyr lkfcr djrs vkSj mlh vkReh;rk ls gkypky iwNrs] tSls 1993 esa igyh eqykdkr esa iwNk FkkA dSalj ls muds xzLr gksus dh [kcj ds ckn muls feyus dh mEehn cka/k j[kh FkhA ysfdu izd`fr vkSj gksuh ds vkxs fdlh dh pyh gS Hkyk--Ng twu dks fofn'kk ls fnYyh ykSV jgk Fkk rks Qslcqd ds tfj, ckck ds uk jgus dh [kcj feyh rks 21 lkyksa dk NqViqVk fdarq xgjk ljksdkjh fj'rk ,d&,ddj ;kn vkus yxkA ckck vc vuar esa lek pqds gSa--ysfdu mudk 'kjhj fnYyh ds esfMdy ds Nk=kksa dks Hkkoh ftanfx;ka laokjus dh lh[k dk tfj;k curk jgsxkA ys[kd Vsyhfotu i=kdkj vkSj LraHkdkj gSaA }kjk t;izdk'k] nwljk ry] fudV f'koeafnj ,Q&23 ,] dVokfj;k ljk;] ubZ fnYyh &110016] Qksu &9599661151

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

if=dk ppkZ leh{kd% Jhdkar flag

107

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vfUre n'kd esa ;gh fLFkfr bysDVªkfud ehfM;k dks Hkh izkIr gksus yxhA lwpuk rduhd esa gksus okys u;s&u;s vkfo"dkjksa ls fizUV ,oa bysDVªkfud ehfM;k dk Lo#i fujUrj vxzlj gksrk x;kA jk"Vªh; fodkl dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, pSuyksa ij fo'ks"khd`r dk;ZØe izlfjr gksus yxs rks fizUV ehfM;k esa ,d gh lekpkj i=k esa fofo/k fo"k;ksa ij dsfUnzr if=kdk;s Hkh izdkf'kr gksus yxh tSls d`f"k] foKku] LokLF;] m|ksx]O;kikj] lkfgR;] laxBu vkfnA rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ehfM;k dk vusd n`f"V;ksa ls foLrkj vkSj izHkko c<+rk x;kA mlds cqfu;knh lksp esa Hkh vusd ifjorZu n`f"Vxr gksus yxsA [kcjksa dks luluh[kst cukdj izLrqr djuk ,d izdkj ls Hkkjrh; ehfM;k dh igpku fujUrj udkjkRed gksrh tk jgh gSA bl rF; ij gekjs iwoZ jk"Vªifr Lo- MkW- ,ih- ts- dyke us fpUrk Hkh izdV dh FkhA mUgksaus dgk Fkk ^eq>s crk;sa ;gk¡ ehfM;k bruk udkjkRed D;ksa gS\ ge vius Hkkjr esa viuh [kwfc;ksa vkSj dke;kfc;ksa dks crkus esa >sirs D;ksa gSA ge brus egku ns'k esa gSaA bruh vk'p;Z pfdr djus okyh gekjh miyfC/k;k¡ gS ij ge mUgsa udkjrs D;ksa gSaA iz'kklfud vf/kdkfj;ksa dh f[kapkbZ djuk] iqfyl dh dfe;ksa dks fudkyuk] fdlh nq?kZVuk dh ftEesnkjh ljdkjh rU=k ij Mkydj mls luluh [kst :i esa is'k djuk D;k ;gh ehfM;k dk mÙkjnkf;Ro jg x;k gSA 'kk;n bldh cqfu;kn gekjs ijrU=k thou ls tqM+h gSA* ,sls gh vusdks iz'uksa ij ^lkfgR; ve`r* ds ehfM;k fo'ks"kkad esa izdk'k Mkyk x;k gSA ^lkfgR; ve`r* chl o"kZ dk gks x;k gS ;g ehfM;k ,oa lkfgR; txr ds fy;s vR;Ur g"kZ dk fo"k; gSA bl vad esa ns'k ds [;kfryC/k 67 ehfM;k ,oa lapkj fonksa ds ehfM;k ds fofHkUu i{kksa ij izdk'k Mkyus okys vkys[k lewps ehfM;k txr txr ds fy;s vR;Ur gh mi;ksxh gSA if=kdk ds vkjEHk esa tgk¡ x.ks'k 'kadj fo|kFkhZ }kjk lEikfnr izrki dh uhfr dh ppkZ gS ogha lqizfl) fo}ku MkW- d`".k fcgkjh feJ }kjk fgUnh i=kdkfjrk dk laf{kIr fdUrq xgu bfrgkl dk foospu gSA Lokra=;ksÙkj i=kdkfjrk esa fizUV ,oa bysDVªkfud nksuksa fo/kkvksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;k gS ftlesa ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd pSuyksa esa dk;Zjr U;wt ,adj dh ped ned lekpkj i=k if=kdkvksa dh nqfu;k ls csgrj gSA bl vad esa bl ckr ij Hkh tksj fn;k x;k gS fd ehfM;k esa dke djus okys yksx cM+s dfeVsM ,oa lekt ds izfr tkx#d gSaA jke cgknqj jk; dk tgk¡ isM U;wt ij lkjxfHkZr vkys[k gS ogha iq"is'k iUr }kjk vUrjk"Vªh; ehfM;k dh

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

if=kdk % lkfgR; ve`r ¼ekfld½ ehfM;k fo'ks"kkad ¼vxLr 2015½ laiknd% f=kyksdhukFk prqoZsnh la;qDr laiknd% gsear dqdjsrh izdk'kd% 4@19] vklQ vyh jksM] ubZfnYyh& 110 002 ewY;% #i;s& 125@& i`"B% 244

pqukSrh ij fo'kn ppkZ dh xbZ gSA i=kdkfjrk dh vf/kdka'k leL;kvksa ij bl if=kdk esa izdkf'kr vkys[kksa dk ladyu fd;k x;k gSA fo"k; fo'ks"kKksa }kjk fo"k;ksa dk p;u Hkh dkQh egRoiw.kZ gSA ehfM;k dk fujUrj cnyrk gqvk psgjk ,oa ehfM;k dh xksf"B;ksa esa ppkZ ds fcUnq gksrs gS mUgsa Hkh egRoiw.kZ LFkku fn;k x;k gSA cky i=kdkfjrk] fQYe i=kdkfjrk] vijk/k] [ksy i=kdkfjrk] vkfFkZd i=kdkfjrk dk Lo#i vfHkO;fDr dh vktknh] foKku i=kdkfjrk vkfn fo"k;ksa dh ppkZ i=kdkfjrk ds fofo/k vk;ke ,oa vuq'kklu dks js[kakfdr djrh gSA i=kdkfjrk dh Hkk"kk] dkVwZu dh fo/kk ds lkFk lkfgfR;d i=kdkfjrk dks Hkh cM+s gh euksje <ax ls izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA vkt i=kdkfjrk esa midj.k ds #i esa eksckby dk izpyu cgqr rsth ls c<+ jgk gSA lksly ehfM;k dk fujUrj izHkko lekt dks viuh rjQ vkdf"kZr djus yxk gS ,slh fLFkfr esa ^lsYQh 'kkSd ls fMIykseslh rd* uked vkys[k esa bls dwVuhfr dk v/;k; ekuk x;k gSA vkt i=kdkfjrk igys tSlh ugha jg xbZ gSA lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ds vuqiz;ksx ds ifj.kke Lo#i i=kdkfjrk dk Lo#i fujUrj cnyrk tk jgk gSA ehfM;k dh fo'oluh;rk ij Hkh iz'ufpUg [kM+s gksrs jgrs gaSA dHkh&dHkh yxrk gS fd ehfM;k vius uSfrd ewY;ksa ls le>kSrk djus yxk gS ftlls mldh lk[k fxjus yxh gS vkfn ckrksa dks vyx&vyx <ax ls fo}kuks ls vius&vius vkys[k esa izLrqr fd;k gSA ;g fo'ks"kkad ehfM;k ij vk/kkfjr gSA blesa izdkf'kr lkexzh lelkef;d n`f"Vdks.k dks /;ku esa j[kdj oLrqfLFkfr ds vuq#i gSA ehfM;k dfeZ;ksa] 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa] v/;srkvksa] ehfM;k ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy;s ;g vad vR;Ur mi;ksxh ,oa ekxZn'khZ gksus ds dkj.k laxzg.kh; gSA ys[kd ehfM;k foe'kZ ds laiknd gSaA

108

iqLrd leh{kk leh{kd& lqHknzk jkBkSj

Hkkjrh;rk ds fy, lathouh gS ;g iqLrd /;s; laLd`fr dk laj{k.k ek=k ugha] vfirq mls xfr ^^g ekjk nsdj ltho o l{ke cukuk gSA mlds vk/kkj ij jk"Vª dh /kkj.kk gks vkSj gekjk lekt LoLFk ,oa fodklksUeq[k thou O;rhr dj lds] bldh O;oLFkk djuh gSA bl n`f"V ls gesa vusd :f<+;k¡ lekIr djuh gksaxh] cgqr ls lq/kkj djus gksaxsA tks gekjs ekuo dk fodkl vkSj jk"Vª dh ,dkRerk dh o`f) esa iks"kd gks] og ge djsaxs vkSj blesa tks ck/kd gks] mls gVk,axsA----- gesa vius jk"Vª ds fojkV dks tkx`r djus dk dke djuk gSA vius izkphu xkSjo dk Hkko ysdj] orZeku dk ;FkkFkZoknh vkdyu dj vkSj Hkfo"; dh egRokdka{kk ysdj ge bl dk;Z esa tqV tk,¡A ge Hkkjr dks u rks fdlh iqjkus le; dh izfrPNk;k cukuk pkgrs gSa vkSj u :l ;k vesfjdk dh vuqd`frAÞ mi;qZDr dFku leqPp; gS iz[;kr jk"Vªoknh fpard ianhun;ky mik/;k; th dkA bldh izR;sd iafDr Lo;a izek.k gS fd D;ksa mUgsa ^Hkkjrh;rk dk lapkjd* dgk tkrk gSA Lons'k ds izfr vifjfer Lusg] J)k] leiZ.k o xoZ&xkSjo dk HkkoA Jh lat; f}osnh }kjk laikfnr xzaFk ^Hkkjrh;rk dk lapkjd% ia- nhun;ky mik/;k;* mUgsa lexzrk esa ns[kus dh ps"Vk gSA cgqvk;keh ,oa vlk/kkj.k izfrHkk ds /kuh ia- nhun;ky mik/;k; dks flQZ fcanqvksa esa gh lesVus dk iz;kl fd;k tk,] rc Hkh dbZ iafDr;k¡ de iM+saxhA nyh; n`f"V ls mudk ifjp; la?k izpkjd ds :i esa ns nsuk] muds foLrkj dks vR;ar vYi dj nsrk gSA ekuooknh] ,dkReoknh bl egku O;fDrRo dk lh/kk&lPpk ifjp; gSA ,d ,sls jk"VªHkDr dk tks nyh; gncUnh ls Åij mBdj] gj gky esa vius jk"Vª dk fgr pkgrk gSA mldk eUrO; vkSj xUrO; flQZ vkSj flQZ jk"Vª gS] cfYd og rks O;fDr] ifjokj] lekt] jk"Vª dk fparu djrs gq, fo'o /kjkry ij tk igq¡prk gSA olq/kSo dqVqEcde~A ekuo ek=k dk dY;k.k gksA ;gh rks gS mudk vn~Hkqr ,dkRe ekuookn( ru&eu&cqf)&vkRek ds leUo; ls cus euq"; esa varr% ,dkRerk gSA Hksn ckgj dk gS] Hkhrj dk ughaA lc ,d gSaA Hkkjrh;rk ls tk,] rks la?k"kZ dSlk\ mik/;k; th nwjnz"Vk Fks] LoIu Hkh ns[krs FksA Hkkjr iq"V cus] ij dSls\ Lora=krk rks fey xbZ] fdarq vc ns'k D;k djs\ fdl fn'kk esa tk,\ dSls tk,\ uhfr D;k gks\ bl vksj lkspk vkSj fd;k tk jgk Fkk] ij blls iafMr th larq"V ugha FksA mudk fparu jk"Vª izsfjr FkkA ns'k izxfr&iFk ij c<+s] vk/kkj ^Lo* dk gksA fons'kh

iqLrd % Hkkjrh;rk dk lapkjd ia- nhun;ky mik/;k; laiknd% lat; f}osnh izdk'kd% foTMe ifCyds'ku] lh& 14] Mh,lvkbZMhlh odZ lsaVj f>yfey dkyksuh] 'kkgnjk] fnYyh& 110095 ewY;% #i;s& 500@&] i`"B& 324

uhfr;ksa dk va/kkuqdj.k mUgsa lkyrk FkkA Qyr% mudh vFkZuhfr] lektuhfr] jktuhfr vkSj reke uhfr;ksa dk mRl ns'k gh cukA BsB Hkkjrh;A vaxzstksa ds tkus ds ckn vaxzsft;r vFkok ik'pkR; ls vikj Lusg j[kus okys Hkkjrh;ksa ds fy, uthj gSa iafMr nhun;ky mik/;k;] ftuesa vius ns'k ds izfr vVwV J)k Hkko gS] leiZ.k gS] fo'okl gSA muesa iz'u Hkh gSa fd tc Hkkjrh; laLd`fr bruh mnkÙk] izcy vkSj Å¡pkbZ fy, gq, gS] rc mldh mis{kk D;ksa\ viuh ijaijkvksa esa tks Js"B O;kIr gS] mldk vuqdj.k D;ksa ugha\ blh psruk ds lkFk mHkjk fparu mUgsa Hkkjrh;rk dk izcy lapkjd ?kksf"kr djrk gSA ia- nhun;ky mik/;k; dh igpku ys[kd] i=kdkj] laxBd] iz[kj oDrk ds lkFk vPNs Jksrk o ikBd dh Hkh jgh gSA lR; dk izseh] 'kqfprk dk vkxzghA deZB] fu"Bkoku] fu"i{k] lkQ&lqFkjk] mnkj O;fDrRoA ikaptU;] Lons'k] jk"Vª/keZ esa mudh i=kdkfjrk dks ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ;gk¡ ewY; gSa] nqjkxzg ;k iwokZxzg ughaA muds fy, jktuhfr lÙkk dk lk/ku ugha jghA mudk vkjk/; rks ekuo Fkk] ftl Hkh ek/;e ls mldk dY;k.k l/k tk,A ;gh otg gS fd muds /kqj fojks/kh ny ds O;fDr Hkh mudk yksgk vo'; ekurs FksA mUgsa lgt lEeku nsus okyksa esa MkW- jkeeuksgj yksfg;k 'kkfey Fks] rks dkaxzslh fnXxt MkW- laiw.kkZuan Hkh] ftUgksaus ianhun;ky dh iqLrd ^ikWfyfVdy Mk;jh* dh Hkwfedk lg"kZ fy[kh FkhA ,sls egku O;fDrRo dks gekjh ubZ ih<+h fdruk tkurh gS\ dbZ [;kfruke ys[kdksa] fopkjdksa] egkuqHkkoksa ds ys[kksa dk lap;u ^Hkkjrh;rk dk lapkjd ia- nhun;ky mik/;k;* muds

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

109 O;fDrRo& d`frRo ij izLrqr ,dkxz gSA fu%lansg ;g ifjp;kRed miØe cgqmi;ksxh gSA ;gk¡ mu ij dsfUnzr leLr lkefxz;ksa dks lqO;ofLFkr rjhds ls ik¡p Hkkxksa esa foHkDr fd;k x;k gSA Jh lat; f}osnh ds lkjxfHkZr laikndh; ls izkjaHk gq, xzaFk esa izFke LFkku ^fopkj n'kZu* dks fn;k x;k gSA ;gk¡ ys[kdksa us iafMr th ds fopkjksa o n'kZu ij izdk'k Mkyk gSA f}rh; [kaM esa lekfgr ys[k muds ^Hkkjrh; lapkjd* :i dh O;k[;k djrs gSaA ^nLrkost* [kaM esa MkWlaiw.kkZuan dks i<+uk rks jkspd gksxk gh] lkFk gh mlesa ek-lxksyoydj] ukukth ns'keq[k ,oa Lo;a ia- nhun;ky }kjk fy[ks x;s ys[k Hkh ;Fkkor izdkf'kr gSaA ^O;k[;ku* [kaM ia- nhun;ky mik/;k; ds O;k[;kuksa dk ladyu gS] ftuds ek/;e ls mudh O;fDrxr /kkj.kkvksa] fparu /kkjkvksa dks izR;{kr% le>k tk ldrk gSA ^jk"Vªokn dh lE;d vo/kkj.kk*] ^,dkRe ekuookn*] ^O;f"V] lef"V&ijesf"V* muds O;kid jk"Vªoknh n`f"Vdks.k dh vfHkO;fDr gSaA ^;qxkuqdwy vFkZ jpuk* esa mudk lqfopkfjr vFkZosÙkk Lo:i >kadrk gSA ikBd bl xzaFk ds okrk;u ls iafMr th dk vkdyu&fo'ys"k.k dj ldrs gSa] mUgsa tku&le> ldrs gSaA ckotwn blds] ;fn muds fo"k; esa vkSj T;knk dh ftKklk gks rks vafre [kaM esa lgstk x;k ^nhun;ky lkfgR;% lanHkZ* Hkh ns[kk tk ldrk gSA blesa bu ij dsfUnzr izdkf'kr&vizdkf'kr lkfgR; dk foLrkjiwoZd

C;kSjk ns fn;k x;k gSA vafre ckr ;g gS fd ;g ,dkxz fu%lansg iBuh; gS] ikBdksa ls bl vis{kk ds lkFk fd os fdlh [kkl jax dk p'ek igudj] iwokZxzg ikydj b/kj n`f"Vikr u djsaA dqN O;fDrRo bu lcls ijs gksrs gSa] mUgsa jk"Vª vkSj fo'o ds lanHkZ o ifjizs{; esa j[kdj ns[kuk pkfg,A ;fn vkiesa ^,dkRe&Hkko* gS rks mUgsa ;gk¡ i<+uk] le>uk vkSj lquuk #fpdj gksxkA ca/kqRo] Lusg] lgvfLrRo dh Hkkouk ds lkFk mudk vkdyu djsaA vki muds dk;y gq, fcuk u jgsaxsA fQj] Lora=krk ds dqN gh cjlksa esa iafMr th ds euksefLr"d eas tks fpark,¡ O;kIr Fkha] os frjksfgr dgk¡ gqbZ gSa\ ns'k fodkl'khy gS] pqukSfr;k¡ vikj gSaA vkarfjd Hkh] ckg~; HkhA ,sls esa muds }kjk O;Dr fopkj] ftleas O;kogkfjdrk gS] rkfdZdrk gS vkSj gS lPpk fnXn'kZu Hkh] rc mUgsa D;ksa u viuk;k tk,\ mu rd igq¡puk vrhr dh ;k=kk ek=k ugha gS] muls lw=k ysdj Hkfo"; dk etcwr rkuk&ckuk cquuk Hkh gSA ,d lnh iwoZ ds gksdj Hkh muds fparu esa i;kZIr vk/kqfudrk gSA os dkykrhr ugha] vkt Hkh mudk egRo lkoZHkkSfed gS] lkoZdkfyd gSA vLrq] c/kkbZ ds ik=k gSa laiknd Jh lat; f}osnh] ftUgksaus cM+s ifjJe ls ;g d`fr rS;kj dh gSA ewY;ksa ls pwd jgs gj /kM+s ds fy,] gkaQ jgh Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ds fy, fuf'pr gh ;g fdrkc lathouh gS] nhif'k[kk gSA

yksdpsruk dk jk"Vªh; ekfld

lcyksx

laiknd % fd'ku dkyt;h ,d vad% 25 #-

okf"kZd lnL;rk% 300 #i;s

laidZ% 14&ch] lw;kZ vikVZesaV] [kljk uacj& 476] 'kkyhekj iSysl ds ikl] Lo:i uxj jksM] cqjkMh] fnYyh& 110084 bZ&esy% sablogmonthly@gmail.com

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015

110

vk;kstu fjiksVZ% jktsUnz flag

yksd eaxy ds lk/kd Fks xksLokeh rqylhnkl cLrh 23 vxLrA LFkkuh; ,-ih-,u-ih-th- dkyst esa vkpk;Z jkepUnz 'kqDy ifj"kn }kjk rqylh t;Urh dk dk;ZØe vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA dk;ZØe dk lapkyu djrs gq, MkW- jktsUnz flag us loZizFke ifj"kn ds v/;{k Mk- vfuy ekS;Z dks xksLokeh rqylhnkl dh izfrek ij ekY;iZ.k ds fy, vkeaf=kr fd;k ,oa eq[; oDrk f'kf'kj f}osnh dks ek¡ ljLorh ,oa ifj"kn~ ds ofj"B lnL; MkW- jke tue flag dks xksLokeh dh izfrek ij ekY;iZ.k ds fy, vkeaf=kr fd;kA ifj"kn~ ds ofj"B lnL; Mk- jke tue flag us Hkh ekY;kiZ.k dj dk;ZØe dk izkjEHk fd;kA dk;ZØe dks vkxs c<+krs gq, lapkyd jktsUnz flag us ^orZeku ifjos'k esa xksLokeh rqylhnkl dh izklafxdrk* ij ppkZ djrs gq, f'kf'kj f}osnh dks fo"k; izorZu ds fy, vkeaf=kr fd;kA dk;ZØe esa fo"k; izorZu djrs gq, f'kf'kj f}osnh us dgk fd lqizfl) fpUrd lquhfr dqekj pVthZ us rqylhnkl ls lEc) ,d ys[k esa fy[kk Fkk fd ^16oha 'krh esa rhu egku foHkwfr iSnk gqbZ] lezkV vdcj] egkjk.kk izrki vkSj rqylhnklA vkt pkj lkS o"kksZa ckn lezkV vdcj bfrgkl esa fleV dj jg x;s gSa] egkjk.kk izrki ns'kHkfDr dk ikB i<+kus esa ;kn fd, tkrs gSaA fdUrq rhljk O;fDr tks

u dgha dk jktk Fkk] u egkjktk ;k lezkV Fkk & og yxkrkj viuh izklafxdrk cuk;s gq;s vkt Hkh lokZf/kd yksdfiz; vkSj ?kj&?kj esa ;kn fd;k tkrk gSA Mk- jketue flag us xksLokeh th dh ppkZ djrs gq, dgk fd rqylhnkl dk fpUru yksd eaxy rFkk lkekftd folaxfr;ksa ds fo#) gh rqylhnkl jfpr jkepfjr ekul vUurdky rd izklafxd jgsxhA MkW- jktu JhokLro us jkepfjr ekul dks vUrjk"Vªh; Lrj ij izHkkoh rFkk bldh egÙkk ij ppkZ dhA dk;ZØe esa ;qod dkaxzsl ds ftyk/;{k vadqj oekZ us fp=kdwV esa rqylhnkl ls tqM+h viuh dqN Le`fr;ksa dh ppkZ dh vksj dgk v;ks/;k ds jke dks Hkxoku jke ds :i esa vke tuekul esa izLrqr djus dk vrqyuh; dk;Z xksLokeh th us fd;k gSA dk;ZØe esa v/;{kh; mn~cks/ku djrs MkW- vfuy ekS;Z us lHkh mifLFkfr lnL;ksa ,oa vfrfFk;ksa dk vkHkkj O;Dr fd;kA dk;ZØe esa xksj[k izlkn ;kno] ioulqr vks>k] vo/ks'k feJ ^ckck*] vrqy jko] jtuh'k vxzgfj] j?kqjkt JhokLro] lfpu 'kqDyk] gfj ukjk;.k mik/;k;] dkS'kysUnz flag] iznhi ;kno vkfn mifLFkr jgsA

ehfM;k foe'kZ tqykbZ&flrEcj 2015