IS THERE BALANCE BETWEEN THE HUMAN ACTIVITY AND NATURE? DUE 2015 // SAINT PETERSBURG WATER & RAILS STUDIO
28/03/2015
LENINGRAD REGION HYDROLOGY SWAMPS BUILDING ENVIRONMENT
LENINGRAD REGION HYDROLOGY AGRO AREAS SWAMPS FORESTS BUILDING ENVIRONMENT
LENINGRAD REGION HYDROLOGY AGRO AREAS SWAMPS FORESTS PROTECTION AREAS
SWAMPS IS
78%
OF ALL THE WATER IN THE LENINGRAD REGION.
A RIVER NETWORK IS DENSE (UP TO 0.35 KM / KM2).
LENINGRAD REGION MEASURES OF URBANIZATION
FRAGMENTATION OF THE FORESTS
LENINGRAD REGION.LENINGRAD MEASURESREGION OF URBANIZATION MEASURES OF URBANIZATION
5 KM
URBANIZATION URBANIZATION OF THE OF NEVA THE RIVER. RIVER LACK NEVA. OF NATURAL LACK BANKS OF NATURAL
SHORE
HYDROLOGY
10%
WATER IN ST. PETERSBURG OCCUPIES
OF TOTAL AREA OF THE CITY GULF OF FINLAND EXCLUDED
TOPOLOGY OF THE WATER SURFACES
GUIF
LAKES
RIVERS
SMALL RIVERS
SWAMPS
CANALS
IRRIGATION
HYDROLOGY & BUILDING ENVIRONMENT
THE NATURE OF THE WATER SURFACE
CITY
DACHA
1 KM
DENSITY OF THE WATER NETWORK
IRRIGATION
NATURAL
BORDERS & DENSITY
CITY
1 KM
ARTIFICIAL AREAS
NATURAL
BANKS
OKKERVIL RIVER THE CHARACTER OF THE BANKS IN RESIDENTIAL AREAS PHOTO BY MARINA PETROVA
BANKS
OKKERVIL RIVER THE CHARACTER OF THE BANKS IN MICRODISTRICT PHOTO BY MARINA PETROVA
BANKS
OKKERVIL RIVER THE CHARACTER OF THE BANKS IN MICRODISTRICT PHOTO BY MARINA PETROVA
HYDROLOGY & AGRO AREAS
AGRO AREAS & FORESTS
AGRO AREAS & FORESTS
5 KM
FRAGMENTATION OF THE FORESTS
AGRO AREAS & FORESTS
1 KM
FRAGMENTATION OF THE FORESTS
BORDERS OF AGRO AREAS
RIVERS
2 KM
FORESTS ARE CUT OFF FROM WATER BY AGRICULTURAL AREAS
SEA
UNDERGROUND WATER
DAM
PHOTO BY THE-VILLAGE.RU
THE DESTRUCTION OF GULF OF FINLAND EASTERN COAST AND THE ECOLOGICAL WORSENING, SANITARY AND HYGIENIC INDICATORS ARE OBSERVED AFTER THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE DAM. THE TOTAL LENGTH OF THE DAM IS 23.4 KM.
WESTERN HIGH-SPEED DIAMETER
PHOTO BY NADYA KLEVAKINA
WESTERN HIGH-SPEED DIAMETER
WESTERN HIGH-SPEED DIAMETER NEAR THE NEVA BAY
THE PROJECTED NORTHERN SECTION OF WESTERN HIGH-SPEED DIAMETER COULD DAMAGE THE THREE EXISTING SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS, SWAMP LANDS OF YUNTOLOVSKY WILDLIFE SANCTUARY. IN SOME PLACES IT BECOMES AN OBSTACLE FOR MIGRATION OF LARGE MAMMALS, SUCH ELK.
ROADS & SWAMPS
2 KM
ROADS & NEVA RIVER
5 KM
PROTECTION AREAS
THE WHITE SEA – BALTIC SEA FLYWAY LINE IS PASSED THROUGH ST. PETERSBURG. PHOTO BY NADYA KLEVAKINA
BIODIVERSITY
THE CONSUMERS LOSE
1/3
OF THE WATER SUPPLY
SIGNIFICANT ANTHROPOGENIC LOAD FALLS ON WORK ON WATER SUPPLY AND LAND RECLAMATION MARINE FACADE OF ST. PETERSBURG (NEVA BAY) AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE PORT "UST-LUGA" (LUGA BAY).
ENGINEERING FEATURES
87%
OF THE SAMPLES IN THE WATER BODIES DO NOT MEET THE STANDARDS OF SANRAN THE NATURE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE ANNUALLY RECORDS
200 ILLEGAL DUMPS
IN ST. PETERSBURG WERE FORMED ABOUT
9 MILLION M OF WASTE, INCLUDING ABOUT 7.5 MILLION 3
3 M OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
KARPOVKA
IN THE SUMMER THE PART OF THE URBAN PONDS ARE COVERED WITH DUCKWEED AND HAVE A MARSH SMELL
OHTA
IZHORA
RISKS & POLUTION
THERE IS ONLY
1 BEACH
SUITABLE FOR SWIMMING IN ST. PETERSBURG
The rivers of St. Peterburg are polluted by the residents who dump litter in them.
OKKERVIL RIVER
ST. PETERSBURG RANKS THE SECOND WORST PLACE IN RUSSIA IN TERMS OF WASTEWATER DISCHARGE PHOTO BY MARINA PETROVA
AMONG THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE CONDITION OF WATER BODIES OF THE CITY ARE AS FOLLOWS: -DISCHARGE OF UNTREATED OR INADEQUATELY TREATED SEWAGE -HOUSEHOLD SEWERAGE AND RAINWATER DISPOSAL -SNOW DISPOSAL SITES FROM CLEANING THE ROAD NETWORK OF THE CITY -DUMPS OF HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTES IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF WATER BODIES
PHOTO BY ARTYOM KISTOV
SWOT ANALYSIS
S
W
O
T
-RICH WATER SYSTEM, DIFFERENT KIND OF USES; -HIGH LEVEL OF BIODIVERSITY; -ACCESS TO THE BALTIC SEA; -DEEP WATER
-MANY ECONOMIC BENEFITS ARE RELATED WITH ECOSYSTEM; -CLEAR WATER WILL PROVIDE MANY OPPORTUNITIES FOR NATURE; -CLOSE CONNECTION WITH DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEM; -DAM OPPORTUNITIES TO DEVELOP URBANIZATION
-FLOODING
-VULNERABLE/FRAGILE ECOSYSTEM; -INTENSIVE HUMAN HABITATION IS TREAT; -WATER POLLUTION; -NO BALANCE BETWEEN ECOSYSTEM AND CITY; -NUCLEAR POWER PLANT; -IRRESPONSIBLE DO INSENTIVE USE OF WATER AND ENERGY; -LOW AIR QUALITY; -INDUSTRIAL AREAS HOED SMALL RIVERS
SWOT ANALYSIS
O S
-CLEAN WATER CAN IMPROVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR TOURISM -MORE BALANCE IMPROVE LIVEABILITY -PROJECT SMALL URBAN PARK: -NATURAL RAINWATER RETENTION -SLOWING DOWN RAIN WATER AND CLEAN IT BEFORE ITS GOES INTO CANAL -PREVENTS FLOODING -CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT
W
-BALANCE BETWEEN CITY AND ECOLOGY; MINIMIZE IMPACT
T -HAVING MORE FOREST IMPROVE LIVEABILITY/CLEAR -GOVERNMENT NOT REALLY INCLINING
CASES
FRESH KILLS PARK
BEFORE
AFTER
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT: New York city department of parks and recreation LOCATION: fresh kills landямБll site, Staten Island (New York, USA) PROJECT AREA: 2,200-acre PROJECT YEAR: 2008
SHANGHAI HOUTAN PARK
BEFORE
AFTER
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT: Turenscape (Beijing Turen Design Institute) LOCATION: Shanghai, 2010 Shanghai Expo Park, China PROJECT AREA: 14 hectares PROJECT YEAR: 2010
QIJIANG PARK
BEFORE
AFTER
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT: Kongjian Yu, Center for Landscape Architecture LOCATION: Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province, China PROJECT AREA: 23 hectares PROJECT YEAR: 2005
AUTHORS: NADYA KLEVAKINA GULNAZ NIZAMUTDINOVA OLGA MALOZEMOVA DANIIL OTMAKHOV
TUTORS: PAOLA VIGANO MARC GLAUDEMANS LORA RUDKO IRENE COGLIANO CHIARA CAVALIERI
PHOTO BY NADYA KLEVAKINA