Once were warriors

LUIGINO CALIARO

Graphic design Gestione Servizi Lu c a V i e r o C e l l . 3 9 3 8 76 3 2 2 3

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ONCE WERE WARRIORS LUIGINO CALIARO

I d e c i d e d t o p u b l i s h t h i s p h o t o g r a p h i c c o l le c t i o n o f C o ld Wa r a i r c r a f t b e c a u s e , h a v i n g b e e n b o r n i n t h e m i d - 6 0 s , my p a s s i o n fo r Av i a t i o n s t a r t e d by s e e i n g m o s t o f t h e s e a i r p l a n e s f ly i n g d u r i n g my c h i ld h o o d . T h i s p h o t o g r a p h i c r e v i e w i n c l u d e s fo r t h e m o s t p a r t i m a ge s o f m i l i t a r y a i r p l a n e s a n d h e l i c o p t e r s , e n t e r e d i n s e r v i c e b e t w e e n 1 9 4 6 t o 1 9 9 1 a n d n o w r e s t o r e d t o f ly i n g c o n d i t i o n a n d m a n a ge d by m u s e u m s o r p r i v a t e a e r o n a u t i c a l fo u n d a t i o n s , b u t fo r c o m p le t e n e s s I h a ve a l s o i n c l u d e d i m a ge s o f a i r c r a f t s t i l l i n s e r v i c e w i t h v a r i o u s A i r Fo r c e s o r r e c e n t ly w i t h d r a w n f r o m a c t i ve d u t y , w h i c h I p o r t r a y e d d u r i n g v a r i o u s p h o t o s e s s i o n s p e r fo r m e d a lo n g my a v i a t i o n p h o t o g r a p h e r c a r e e r . I h a ve m a d e a c o n s c i o u s c h o i c e o f c r e a t i n g a p h o t o g r a p h i c b o o k m o r e t h a n a t e c h n i c a l o n e , b e c a u s e n o w a d a y s i t i s e a s y t o a c c e s s t h e h i s t o r i c a l a n d t e c h n i c a l i n fo r m a t i o n o f t h e s e a i r c r a f t o n t h e w e b . N o d i g i t a l p o s t - p r o c e s s i n g w a s u s e d fo r t h e p h o t o g r a p h s I p u b l i s h e d , w i t h t h e e x c e p t i o n o f s h o t s o n s l i d e f i l m t h a t I t o o k b e fo r e t h e d i g i t a l e r a , a n d w h i c h w e r e o b v i o u s ly d i g i t a l ly s c a n n e d . I d e d i c a t e t h i s b o o k t o a l l t h e S t a f f , P i lo t s a n d Te c h n i c i a n s , w h o s e r ve d t h e i r C o u n t r i e s d u r i n g t h e C o ld Wa r y e a r s , a s w e l l a s my fa m i ly , Ta n i a , M a t t i a a n d C a r o l i n a , t o w h o m I o w e t h e h a p p i n e s s o f my l i fe .

Lu i g i n o C a l i a r o

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Lu i g i n o C a l i a r o i s a n I t a l i a n a v i a t i o n p h o t o g r a p h e r .

Fo c u s i n g h i s m a i n i n t e r e s t o n a i r - t o - a i r p h o t o g r a p hy , h e s t a r t e d t o f ly i n m i l i t a r y a i r c r a f t i n 1 9 9 5 , ge t t i n g a r i d e i n t h e b a c k s e a t o f a n R A F Tu c a n o . S i n c e t h e n h e h a s b e e n a b le t o f ly m o r e t h a n 200 hours in the most advanced and important military jets and with all the most important aer o b a t i c t e a m s i n t h e w o r ld . H a v i n g a u n c le t h a t fo u g h t d u r i n g I I W W , f ly i n g t h e M a c c h i M C 2 0 2 , h e i s a l s o ve r y i n t e r e s t e d i n a v i a t i o n h i s t o r y a n d fo r s o m e y e a r s h a s e x t e n d e d h i s a v i a t i o n i n t e r e s t s t o i n c l u d e w a r b i r d s a n d t h e h i s t o r y o f a v i a t i o n . Lu i g i n o C a l i a r o i s a r e g u l a r c o n t r i b u t o r t o t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t a v i a t i o n m a g a z i n e s i n t h e w o r ld , a n d t h e a u t h o r o f s e ve r a l b o o k s a n d p u b l i c a t i o n s .

SUMMARY FROM PROP TO JET SUPERMARINE SEAFIRE H AWKER S E A FURY F A I R E Y F I R E F LY GL OS TE R ME TEO R DE H AV I LLAND D H - 100 VAMP IRE

FROM KOREA TO VIETNAM

K O R E A N WA R DOUGLAS A-1 SKYRAIDER GR U M M AN H U- 16 ALB ATRO S S M I G 1 5 FA G O T N OR T H A MERIC AN F- 8 6 S AB RE

SAAB J-29 TUNNAN M I G-1 7 F RESCO hawker sea hawk NORTH AMERICAN F-100 SUPERSABRE NORTH AMERICAN FJ FURY M AX HOL ST E BROUSSARD SAAB J-32 L ANSEN HAWKER HUNT ER AVRO VULCAN L O C K H E E D F -1 04 STARF I GHT ER DE HAVI L L AND DH-1 1 0 SEA VI XEN SAAB J-35 DRAKEN

L E A R N I N G T O F LY V I E T N A M WA R CESSNA L-19 BIRD DOG FAIRCHILD C-123 PROVIDER D O U G L A S A - 4 S K Y H AW K VOUGHT F-8 CRUSADER LOCKHEED C-130 HERCULES mig-21 fishbed G R U M M A N O V - 1 M O H AW K MC DONNELL DOUGLAS F-4 PHANTOM D A S S A U LT M I R A G E I I I D E H AV I L L A N D D H C - 4 C A R I B O U NORTHROP F-5 TIGER D A S S A U LT M I R A G E I V CESSNA O-2 SKYMASTER n.a. ROCKWELL OV-10 BRONCO

YA K - 1 1 M O O S E D E H AV I L L A N D C H I P M U N K F I AT G - 4 6 L O C K H E E D T - 3 3 S H O O T I N G S TA R F I AT G - 5 9 NORTH AMERICAN T-28 TROJAN BEECHCRAFT T-34 MENTOR SAAB 91 SAFIR BAC JET PROVOST NORTH AMERICAN T-2 BUCKEYE AERMACCHI MB-326 CESSNA T-37 TWEET A E R O L - 3 9 A L B AT R O S B A E H AW K AERMACCHI MB-339 D A S S A U LT D O R N I E R A L P H A J E T SIAI S-211

fighters and bombers SAAB AJ-37 VIGGEN S E P E C AT J A G U A R G R U M M A N F - 1 4 T O M C AT D A S S A U LT M I R A G E F - 1 MC DONNELL DOUGLAS F-15 EAGLE P A N AV I A T O R N A D O FA i R C H I L D A - 1 0 T H U N D E R B O LT GENERAL DYNAMICS F-16 FIGHTING FALCON D A S S A U LT M I R A G E 2 0 0 0 L O C K H E E D F - 1 1 7 N I G H T H AW K MC DONNELL DOUGLAS F/A-18 HORNET MIG-29 FULCRUM M C D O N N E L L D O U G L A S AV - 8 H A R R I E R I I ROCKWELL B-1B LANCER ALENIA AMX GHIBLI

r o ta r y wing BELL 47g SIOUX P I A S E c K I H - 2 1 S H AW N E E BELL UH-1 HUEY A E R O S P AT I A L E A L O U E T T E I I I SIKORSKY SH-3D SEA KING BELL AH-1 COBRA SIKORSKY hh-3f pelikan A G U S TA - B E L L A B 2 1 2 A E R O S P AT I A L E A S 3 3 2 S U P E R P U M A A G U S TA A - 1 2 9 M A N G U S TA

HAWKER SEA FURY

Hawker Sea Fury T20 - VX281 Royal Navy Historic Flight - UK

Hawker Sea Fury FB Mk.11 - N24SF Stewart Dawson - USA

GLOSTER METEOR

Gloster Meteor NF11 - G-LOSM Classic Air Force - UK

DE HAVILLAND DH-100 VAMPIRE

De Havilland Vampire FB.52 - LN-DHY Norwegian Historical Squadron - Norway

Douglas AD-4NA Skyraider - N91945 Marine Aviation Museum USA

Douglas AD-1 Skyraider - N2AD Warbird Heritage Foundation USA

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Douglas AD-5W/EA1-E Skyraider - N65164 Cavanaugh Flight Museum - USA Douglas AD-6/A-1H Skyraider - NX39606 Cavanaugh Flight Museum - USA

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GRUMMAN HU-16 ALBATROSS

Grumman HU-16C Albatross - N1954Z Albatross Adventures LLC USA

NORTH AMERICAN F-86 SABRE

North American F-86A Sabre - N48178 John Swartz USA

North American F-86F Sabre - NX86FR - F-86 LLC - USA

Mikoyan-Gurevich MIG-17 FRESCO

Mikoyan-Gurevich MIG-17 (Lim-6) - N6953X Kaney Aerospace USA

Mikoyan-Gurevich - MIG-17 - N4060DM - William Ward - USA

Mikoyan-Gurevich - MIG-17 (LIM-5) - NX717MG - MiG Fury Fighters USA

NORTH AMERICAN FJ FURY

North American FJ-4B Fury - N400FS Mig Fury Fighter - USA

SAAB J-32 LANSEN

Saab J 32B Lansen - 32606 SE-RME Swedish Air Force Historic Flight - Sweden

AVRO VULCAN

Avro Vulcan B2 - G-VLCN Vulcan to the Sky Trust - UK

DE HAVILLAND DH-110 SEA VIXEN

Dea Havilland Sea Vixen - G-CVIX Fly Navy Heritage Trust - UK

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saab j 35oe draken 2. Ă&#x153;berwachungsgeschwader Luftstreitkräfte - austria

FAIRCHILD C-123 PROVIDER

Fairchild C-123K Provider - N22968 Air Heritage Inc- USA

DOUGLAS A-4 SKYHAWK

Douglas A-4B Skyhawk -N49WH Warbird Heritage Foundation - USA

Mikoyan-Gurevich MIG 21 FISHBED

Mikoyan Gurevic MiG-21MF - N9307 William Ward - USA

Mikoyan Gurevic MIG-21UM Mongol B- N21EV Marine Aviation Museum Inc - USA

GRUMMAN OV-1 MOHAWK

Grumman OV-1D (RV-1) Mohawk - N134GM Cavanaugh Flight Museum - USA

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS F-4 PHANTOM

McDonnell Douglas F-4D Phantom II - N749CF Collins Foundation - USA

Mc Donnell Douglas F-4F Phantom II - JG 73 Luftwaffe - Germany

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Mc Donnell Douglas RF-4C Phantom II - ALA 12 Ejercito del Aire - Spain

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Mc Donnell Douglas F-4E Phantom II - 132 Filo - TĂźrk Hava Kuvvetleri - Turkey

DASSAULT MIRAGE III

Dassault Mirage IIIEBR - 1° GdA Força Aérea Brasileira - Brazil

Dassault Mirage IIIB - E.P.N.E.R. - Armée de l’Air - France

DE HAVILLAND dhc-4/cv-2b CARIBOU

De Havilland dhc-4/CV-2B Cariibou - N149HF Cavanaugh Flight Museum - USA

NORTHROP F-5 TIGER

Northrop F-5A Freedom Fighter - NN685TC Kaney Aerospace - USA

Northrop F-5E Tiger II - 2. Ă&#x153;berwachungsgeschwader Luftstreitkräfte - austria

DASSAULT MIRAGE IV

Dassault Mirage IVP - EC 1/91 Armée de l’Air - France

CESSNA O-2 SKYMASTER

Cessna O-2A Skymaster - N5VX Cavanaugh Flight Museum - USA

NORTH AMERICAN OV-10 BRONCO

North American Rockwell OV-10B - BRONCO - N338RC Cactus Air Force Wings and Wheels Museum - USA

FIGHTERS and bombers

SAAB AJ-37 VIGGEN

Saab AJS37 Viggen - SE-DXN Swedih Air Force Historic Flight - Sweden

Saab SK-37 Viggen - 70 - Fรถrsรถkcentralen -Swedish Air Force Flight Test CentER- Sweden

SEPECAT JAGUAR

SEPECAT Jaguar - No.41 Squadron Royal Air Force - UK

GRUMMAN F-14 TOMCAT

Grumman F-14B Tomcat - VF-102 US NAVY - USA

DASSAULT MIRAGE F-1

Dassault Mirage F-1AZ - 1st Squadron Suid-Afrikaanse Lugmag - South Africa

Dassault Mirage F-1CE - ALA 14 EjĂŠrcito del Aire - Spain

McdONNELL DOUGLAS F-15 EAGLE

Mc Donnell Douglas F-15C Eagle - 159th Fighter Wing Louisiana A.N.G. - USA

PANAVIA PA-200 TORNADO

Panavia Tornado ADV - 12° Gruppo 36° Stormo Aeronautica Militare - Italia

Panavia Tornado IDS - 154° Gruppo 6° Stormo - Aeronautica Militare - Italia

FAIRCHILD A-10 THUNDERBOLT

Fairchild A-10C Thunderbolt II - 355th F.W. USAF - USA

GENERAL DYNAMICS F-16 FIGHTING FALCON

General Dynamics F-16A-ADF Fighting Falcon - 23° Gruppo 5° Stormo Aeronautica Militare - Italia

General Dynamics F-16A Fighting Falcon - 323th Squadron Koninklijke Luchtmacht - Netherland

General Dynamics F-16A - Esquadra 201 Força AÊrea Portuguesa - Portugal

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DASSAULT MIRAGE 2000

Dassault Mirage 2000C/RDI - EC 1/5 Vendée Armée de l’Air - France

Dassault Mirage 2000N - Armée de l’Air - France

LOCKHEED F-117

Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk - 49th F.W. USAF - USA

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS F/A-18 HORNET

Boeing F/A-18D Hornet - VMFA-224 US Marines Corps - USA

Boeing EF-18A Hornet - ALA 15 - Ejercito del Aire - Spain

Mikoyan-Gurevich MIG-29 FULCRUM

Mikoyan-Gurevich Mig-29 Fulcrum - 1 Eskadra Lotnictwa Taktycznego SiĹ&#x201A;y Powietrzne - Poland

Mikoyan-Gurevich Mig-29 Fulcrum - Jagdgeschwader 73 - Luftwaffe - Germany

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AV-8 HARRIER

Boeing AV-8B+ Harrier - 1° GRUPAER Marina Italiana - Italy

ROCKWELL B-1B LANCER

Rockwell B-1B Lancer - 184th Bomber Wing Kansas A.N.G. - USA

ALENIA AMX GHIBLI

AMX International AMX A-11 Ghibli - 51° Stormo Aeronautica Militare - Italy

Learning to fly

Yakovlev yak-11

Yakovlev Yak-11 - D-FJII Stefano Landi - Italy

De Havilland DHC-1 Chipmunk T.10 - NX146DK Henning L. Henningsen - USA

de HAVILLAND CHIPMUNK

De Havilland DHC-1 Chipmunk T.10 - N894WP Victor Stottlemyer - USA

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FIAT G-46

FIAT G-46 - I-AEKT Pino Valenti - Italia

LOCKHEED T-33 SHOOTING STAR

Canadair CT-133 Silver Star - NX433RD Paul Keppeler - USA

Canadair Ct-133 Silver Star - NX133KK - Ken Pacholski - USA

FIAT G-59

FIAT G.59-4B I-MRSV Pino Valenti - Italia

NORTH AMERICAN T-28 TROJAN

North American T-28B Trojan - N73MG Warbirds Heritage Foundation - USA

North American T-28A Trojan - N8089H jpts lcc - USA

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Beechcraft T-34A Mentor - N834G Dave Guggemos - USA

BEECHCRAFT T-34 MENTOR

Beechcraft T-34A Mentor - N44007 Rob Parrish - USA

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SAAB 91 SAFIR

Saab 91B Safir - SE-IGL Niklas Eriksson - Sweden

SAAB 91D Safir - OE-KTP - Giancarlo Gusso - Italia

bac JET PROVOST

BAC 84 Jet Provost T.5A - N4XV Turin Aviation Group Llc - USA

BAC Jet Provost T.3A - I-PROV - Volafenice - Italia

NORTH AMERICAN T-2 BUCKEYE

North American Rockwell T-2B Buckeye - N27WS Warbird Heritage Foundation - USA

AERMACCHI MB-326

Aermacchi MB 326 - I-RVEG Volafenice - Italia

CESSNA T-37 Tweet

Cessna T-37C Tweet - N370WB Jim Allen - USA

Bae Hawk T1 - xx307 raf - Red Arrows - UK

BRITISH AEROSPACE HAWK

Bae Hawk 115 - 155209 Nato Flying Training Center - Canada

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DASSAULT-DORNIER ALPHA JET

Dassault-Dornier Alpha Jet - Asas de Portugal Força Aérea Portuguesa - Portugal

Dassault-Dornier Alpha Jet Esquadra 103 - Força Aérea Portuguesa - Portugal

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SIAI S-211

SIAI-Marchetti S-211 - NX270CF Classic Fighters of America - USA

SIAI-Marchetti S-211 - NX270CF - Classic Fighters of America - USA

SIAI-Marchetti S-211 - NX280CF - Classic Fighters of America - USa

PIASEcKI H-21 SHAWNEE

Piasecki H-21b Shawnee - N64606 Classic Rotors Museum - USA

Bell AH-1S Cobra - N599HF Marine Aviation Museum - USA

BELL AH-1 COBRA

Bell AH-1G Cobra - N102JG Cactus Air Force Wings and Wheels Museum - USA

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agusta bell AB-212

Agusta-Bell AB-212ASW - 2° Grupelicot Marina Militare - Italy

AGUSTA A-129 MANGUSTA

Agusta A-129 Mangusta - 7° Reggimento​“VEGA” Esercito Italiano - ITALY

Acknowledgements

T h e r e a r e a lo t o f p e o p le t h a t I w o u ld l i ke t o t h a n k , a n d e ve n i f t h e fo l lo w i n g n a m e s m i g h t a p p e a r a s j u s t a b a r e l i s t , t h e y a r e i n v a l u a b le t o m e , b e c a u s e I o w e t o t h e s e f r i e n d s m o s t o f t h e s u c c e s s i n my a c t i v i t y .

F i r s t o f a l l I w o u ld l i ke t o t h a n k C l a u d i o C o l t r i , S t e fa n o L a n d i , J a n A n d e r s s o n , b e c a u s e I w o u ld h a ve n e ve r b e e n a b le t o p u b l i s h t h i s b o o k w i t h o u t t h e m . I a l s o w o u ld l i ke t o t h a n k D o u g M a t t h e w s , J o h n C o t t e r a n d D o u g J e a n e s fo r t h e i r f r i e n d s h i p , t h e i r h e l p w a s i n v a l u a b le i n m o r e t h a n o n e o c c a s i o n .

A h e a r t fe l t t h a n k y o u go e s a l s o t o my t r i p c o m p a n i o n s , G i u s e p p e B a r b e t t a , M a s s i m o C e s t a r o , S e r g i o Vo l t o l i n , D a n i e le M a t t i u z z o , G i ov a n n i G a s p a r o t t o , Lo r i s M e n e g h i n i , G i o r g i o B o n a t o , F r a n k S m i t h a n d A l b e r t o Tr e v i s a n .

I c a n ’ t fo r ge t t o t h a n k M o r e n o A g u i a r i , w h o w a s f u n d a m e n t a l fo r s o m e o f t h e U S A s o r t i e s , G i o r g i o A p o s t o lo , E n r i c o C a m e r o t t o , F r a n c o M a n i n i a n d A le s s a n d r o Ta f fe t a n i fo r t h e s i n c e r e f r i e n d s h i p a n d a v a i l a b i l i t y d e m o n s t r a t e d in these years.

L a s t b u t n o t le a s t a s i n c e r e t h a n k y o u t o a l l t h e p i lo t s , m a ny o f w h i c h h a ve b e c o m e f r i e n d s t o o , t h a t a l lo w e d m e t o t a ke t h e p h o t o g r a p h s i n t h i s b o o k : Re n zo C a t e l l a n i , P i n o Va le n t i , P i e r C a r lo C i a c c h i , G i a n c a r lo G u s s o , A n d r e a Ro s s e t t o , G i ov a n n i M a r c h i , Fa b i o Z a n g r a n d i , J o h n B e a t t y , C h r i s G ö t ke , S t e w a r t D a w s o n , E d d i e Ku r t z i e l , Ke n n e t h Aa r k v i s l a , S t u a r t M i l s o n , M a r k To d d , Ke v i n R a u l i e , R i c h S h a r p e , M i ke B a ke r s f i e ld , S t e w a r t L a w r e n c e , D o n Wa t r o u s , S t e v e H i n t o n , C h r i s Fa h e y , C a r l S c h w e r m a n , D o c S w a r t z , J o h n C u r r e n t i , Pa u l Ke p p e le r , Pa u l Wo o d , O l le N o r e n , J e f f K a y n e s , W i l l i a m Wa r d , R i c h a r d S u g d e n , D e a n C u t s h a l l , A l f I n ge s o o n T h o r , R i c k a n d W i l l i a m Sve t ko f f , Pe t e r H e d b e r g , N a t h a n H a r n a ge l , Le e G r i f f i n , S t e l l a n A n d e r s s o n , H e n n i n g H e n n i g s e n , V i c t o r S t o t t le m e y e r , Ro b Pa r r i s h , D a ve G u g ge m o s , J o h n B i x by , N i k l a s E r i k s s o n , E d F r a n c o , M i c h a e l S t e i ge r a n d S c o t t S lo c u m .

ONCE WERE WARRIORS

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