英文文法,開麥拉!超好用Action!!

Page 1


3

文法奧斯 卡 歷年學測與指考英文法考題整理表 獲獎文法

Chapter/Point

頁數

獲獎年度 90 學測、91 學測、92 學測、94 學測、

從屬連接詞 : when, as, since, although, as along as, even

94 指考、95 學測、95 指考、96 學測、 Chapter 7/Point 3

108

if, once, while, so that...。

96 指考、97 學測、97 指考、98 學測、 99 指考、99 學測、102 學測、102 指考、 103 學測(兩題) 90 學測、92 學測、91 指考、92 指考、

轉折詞﹕ however, for example, what’s more...。

Chapter 12/Point 2

194

93 指考、94 學測、95 學測、95 指考、 97 學測、97 指考、98 學測、99 指考、 103 學測

關係副詞 : where, when, why

92

Chapter 6/Point 7

95

關係代名詞的省略 : 分詞可置

Chapter 6/Point 5

91

93 學測、94 學測、98 學測、100 學測、

於名詞後修飾名詞

Chapter 11/Point 3

167

102 學測

對等句簡化成的分詞構句

Chapter 11/Point 7

170

Chapter 2/Point 1

15

複合關係代名詞﹕ what, whatever

現在式 : 現在簡單式及現在完 成式

獲獎文法

Chapter/Point

98 學測、101 學測 91 學測、92 學測、94 指考、95 學測、 98 指考、100 學測

91 學測、94 指考、95 學測、97 學測、 101 學測、102 指考 90 學測、96 指考、97 學測、99 指考、 101 學測

頁數

獲獎年度

被動語態的各種時式

Chapter 3/Point 2

32

92 學測、92 指考、100 學測、100 指考

關係代名詞的限定用法

Chapter 6/Point 1

86

92 學測、94 學測、97 指考、100 學測

與事實相反的假設語氣

Chapter 8/Point 3、4

126

92 學測、97 學測、99 指考、100 學測

Chapter 11/Point 10

176

96 指考、97 學測、100 指考、102 學測

Chapter/Point

頁數

獲獎年度

Chapter 7/Point 1

105

93 指考、95 學測、99 學測

Chapter 11/Point 2

167

91 指考、99 指考、102 指考

Chapter 13/Point 1

208

93 學測、91 指考、99 學測

with 引導出附帶的動作、狀態 或原因

獲獎文法 and 及 or 為對等連接詞 現在分詞表「主動、進行」 過去分詞表「被動、已完成」 it 的用法

4

92 學測、93 指考、94 指考、97 學測、

Chapter 6/Point 6


獲獎文法

Chapter/Point

頁數

獲獎年度

過去簡單式

Chapter 2/Point 2

21

98 學測 ( 兩題 )

關係代名詞的非限定用法

Chapter 6/Point 2

87

97 指考、101 學測

Chapter 9/Point 3

142

90 學測、93 學測

Chapter 11/Point 8

171

94 指考、103 學測

Chapter 11/Point 11

178

90 學測、95 學測

Chapter 12/Point 1

190

98 指考、102 學測

Chapter 13/Point 4

217

100 學測、102 學測

Chapter 13/Point 5

220

92 學測、92 指考

不定詞當副詞 : 表目的 : To VR = In order to VR 副詞子句簡化為分詞構句 分詞慣用語 : regarding(關於)╱ given(有鑑於) the + 形容詞比較級..., the + 形容詞比較 級...(愈……愈……) 代名詞 the latter,表前面提過的兩個名 詞的後者。 another 的用法

獲獎文法

Chapter/Point

頁數

獲獎年度

使役動詞用法

Chapter 1/Point 4

5

102 學測

dare 的用法

Chapter 4/Point 8

57

94 學測

that 引導的名詞子句當主詞補語

Chapter 5/Point 1

68

93 學測

how 引導的名詞子句當受詞

Chapter 5/Point 3

72

94 學測

as 為準關代

Chapter 6/Point 8

97

91 學測

動名詞當受詞

Chapter 10/Point 1

151

90 學測

分詞當主詞補語

Chapter 11/Point 4

168

96 學測

one 為代名詞,用以代替前面同類的名詞

Chapter 13/Point 1

209

92 學測

不定代名詞 neither,表兩者皆不

Chapter 13/Point 5

218

101 學測

Only 置於句首的倒裝

Chapter 14/Point 5

237

91 學測

表「堅持、建議、命令、要求」的句型

Chapter 15/Point 1

248

100 指考

最多的 獲獎次數 前五名 章節

第一名 : Chapter 6 形容詞子句

第四名 : Chapter 7 連接詞

第二名 : Chapter 11 分詞

第五名 : Chapter 13 代名詞

第三名 : Chapter 12 形容詞與副詞

5


2 時 式 文法開麥拉

高職英文總複習

【電影簡介】 《史瑞克三世》(Shrek The Third)中的女主角費歐娜公主(Princess Fiona) 的 父 親 哈 洛 德 國 王(King Harold) 在 駕 崩 之 前, 希 望 史 瑞 克 (Shrek)可繼承王位管理「遠的要命王國」。但史瑞克自認不適合擔 任國王,因此,史瑞克再度和他的最佳拍檔驢子(Donkey)和鞋貓劍客 (Puss in Boots)出發去尋找王位繼承人。所有童話故事裡最美麗的公主 們也相聚成為費歐娜公主的姐妹淘,包括白雪公主(Snow White)、灰 姑娘(Cinderella)、睡美人(Sleeping Beauty)和長髮公主(Rapunzel), 他們將一同捍衛「遠的要命王國」。

在英文中,動詞會因時間的不同而有所變化,此種變化稱為「時式」 。以下是電影《史瑞克三世》 中 的 人 物 費 歐 娜 公 主(Princess Fiona)、 白 雪 公 主(Snow White)、 灰 姑 娘(Cinderella) 和 睡 美 人 (Sleeping Beauty)的對話,請注意時式的使用並回答下列問題。 Ladies, listen. The enemies are coming.

Where did I drop P\ JODVV VOLSSHU" ,·P JRLQJ WR hide in the coffin.

,·P ZDLWLQJ WR EH rescued.

Assume your positions. Hurry!!

What should we do?

Sleeping Beauty, what are you doing?

Q ︰以下四個句子中,哪一個句子與其他三個句子的時式不同? A ︰ B 與其他三個句子不同,A 、C 及

【文法暖身操】 D 全部使用現在進行式,B 表未來。 1讓學生做對話練習當成 warm-up。 B I’m going to hide in the coffin. 2問學生對話中出現的時式用途為何? 3再問學生一些簡單的問題以帶出時式,例如: C What are you doing? 1 Who is your idol?、How often do you go to the movies?(現在式) What did you like to do in your childhood?、When was the last time you had 2 D I’m waiting to be rescued. a ¿ght with your parents?(過去式)

A The enemies are coming.

時式分為三時四式,共有十二種,整理如下表: 三時 四式 簡單式 進行式

完成式

完成進 行式

14

現在

過去

未來

Jack studies very hard.

Jack studied hard last semester.

Jack will study hard next semester.

Jack is studying hard for tomorrow’s exam.

Jack was studying English when I called him yesterday.

Jack will be studying English when you call him tonight.

Jack has studied English for two hours.

Jack had studied for an hour when his mom came home.

Jack will have studied for an hour by the time we get to his place.

Jack has been studying English for four years.

Jack had been studying for an hour when his mom came home.

Jack will have been studying for an hour by the time we get to his place.


Chapter 2 時式

文法聚光燈 point

1

現在式

A. 現在簡單式 句型 使用 時機 1 例句 使用 時機 2 例句 使用 時機 3 例句

常見的 頻率 副詞

例句

S+V 1 現在的事實、狀況或心理的想法。 2 主詞若為第三人稱單數,需在動詞後面加上 s 或 es。 1 My grandparents in the countryside.(我的祖父母住在鄉下。) live 2 My brother depressed.(我弟弟看起來很沮喪。) looks 3 Nina believes in God.(妮娜相信上帝的存在。) 1 習慣性動作。 2 常與頻率副詞 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 等連用。 1 Tom always late for school.(湯姆上學總是遲到。) is 2 My mother often dinner for my family.(我媽媽時常煮晚餐給家人吃。) cooks 不變的真理、格言或事實。 1 Knowledge power.(【諺】知識就是力量。) is 2 The Earth (r)revolves around the Sun.(地球繞著太陽轉。) 1 every + 名詞(day/week/month/year/...) (每天 2 always (總是) 3 usually (通常) 4 often (時常) 5 sometimes (有時) 6 seldom、rarely(很少) 7 never (從未)

……)

請提醒學生頻率副詞的位置是在 一般動詞前,be 動詞後。

1 This plant needs to be watered day.(這植物每天需要澆水。) every 2 Danny always dreams of hitting the jackpot.(丹尼總是夢想著中頭獎。) 3 Susan usually dines out.(蘇珊通常外食。) 4 Tracy travels abroad.(崔西時常出國旅遊。) often 5 Dad sometimes works overtime.(爸爸有時候加班。) 6 I seldom/rarely go to the night market.(我很少去夜市。) 7 Ruby shops online.(露比從未線上購物。) never

字尾變化 主詞為第三人稱單數時,現在簡單式的動詞字尾需變化。

說明

1 大部分直接加 s,例如:talks, shops, eats, works 等。 2 字尾為 s, ch, sh, x 或 z 時,加 es,例如:kisses, teaches, blushes, relaxes, buzzes 等。 3 字尾為子音+ y 時,去 y 加 ies,例如:studies, cries, hurries, tries 等。 4 字尾為母音+ y 時,直接加 s,例如:plays, stays, strays, employs 等。 5 字尾為子音 + o 時,加 es,例如:goes, does 等。

15


例句

1 My sister as a secretary.(我姊姊的工作是祕書。) works 2 Sally blushes whenever someone praises her.(每當有人讚美莎莉時,她臉就紅了。) 3 Rene every time she thinks of the accident.(每想到那起意外,瑞妮就會哭。) cries 4 Alison several musical instruments.(艾莉森會演奏好幾種樂器。) plays 5 As a religious Christian, Tina to church every Sunday. goes (身為一名虔誠的基督教徒,蒂娜每個星期天都上教堂。)

Q uiz time 引導式翻譯: 1【諺】有錢能使鬼推磨。 Money . talks 2 不論晴雨,傑森每天都準時去上學。 Rain or shine, Jason to school on time every day. goes 3 老實說,艾蜜莉不是很好相處,因為她總是很容易生氣。 Honestly, Emily is not easy to get along with because she always 4 艾咪有時做瑜珈放鬆。 Amy sometimes relaxes by doing yoga. 5 班有討人喜歡的個性。 Ben a pleasant personality. has

gets

angry easily.

B. 現在進行式 句型 使用 時機 1

例句 使用 時機 2

例句

使用 時機 3

例句

16

S + am/are/is + V-ing 1 現在正在進行或發生的活動。 2 常與表「現在」或「目前」的時間副詞連用,例如:now, right now, at present, at the moment 等。 1I am 2 Bob is 3 Tim is

listening to Michael Jackson’s song.(我正在聽麥可.傑克森的歌。) playing video games right now.(鮑伯現在正在打電玩。) in London at the moment.(提姆目前住在倫敦。) living 3 表提姆現在住在倫敦,而且只是暫時的。

接在 “Look!” 和 “Listen!” 後的句子,表示句中的動作正在進行,需使用現在進行式。 1 Look! The stars are shining brightly in the sky. (你看!星星在天空閃耀著。) 2 Listen! Someone is making a noise downstairs. (你聽!有人在樓下發出聲響。)

1 表「來往、到達、離開等」的來去動詞,可用現在進行式代替未來式,表示即將發生的 動作。 2 此類動詞:go, come, return, arrive, leave 等。 1 My good friend is leaving for New York tomorrow. (我的好朋友明天前往紐約。) 2 We are coming home tonight.(我們今晚就回家了。)


Chapter 2 時式

使用 時機 4 例句 使用 時機 5 例句

1 表「變得……」可用現在進行式表示逐漸變得。 2 此類動詞:turn, become, get, grow 等。 1 It is 2 The leaves

getting darker.(天色漸晚。) are turning red.(葉子逐漸變紅。)

1 表示反覆不斷進行的動作,通常搭配負面語意的動詞。 2 常與 always, constantly 或 all the time 連用。 1 Susie 2 Josh

is is

always/constantly complaining about her job.(蘇西總是在抱怨她的工作。) always/constantly making up excuses.(賈許總是在找藉口。)

文法不NG 不用於進行式的動詞 1 描述「喜惡」的動詞

like, love, prefer, dislike, hate, ...

2 描述「感官」的動詞

see, hear, feel, taste, smell, sound, ...

3 描述「想法」的動詞

know, believe, think, realize, understand, see( 了 解 ), remember, forget, want, imagine, ...

4 其他動詞

exist, seem, appear, have, own, promise, remain, resemble(與……相似), belong to(屬於), ...

上述有些動詞同時具有狀態性及動作性的字義,故需視其字義來決定是否能夠使用進行式,例如: 正確 錯誤 正確 正確

Steven has a pet.(史蒂芬有一隻寵物。) Steven is having a pet. We have dinner at six o’clock every evening.(我們每天傍晚六點吃晚餐。) We are having dinner now.(我們現在正在吃晚餐。)

Q uiz time

think 和 see 用簡單式和進行式亦有不同的意思,例如: •I think something bad is going to happen.(認為) •I’m thinking of quitting.(腦子正想著)

Ⅰ. 是非題(○

×):請判斷下列各句的動詞時式是否正確。

•I see him in the distance.(看到) •I’m seeing someone.(有意中人了) •I’m seeing the dentist this afternoon. (已預約看牙醫了)

( ○)1 Jack is leaving for New York tomorrow. ( ×)2 The weather gets warmer. 2The weather is getting warmer. ( ×)3 Look! Tina talks to your mother. 3Look! Tina is talking to your mother. ( ×)4 John surfs the Internet right now. 4John is surfing the Internet right now. ( ○)5 The idea sounds great! 【文法小百科】 1現在進行式亦可表示某人目前正在進行的事或暫時的狀況,例如: • Patty wants to study in the U.S., so she is studying English really hard. • I’m working on a project which will take about three months to ¿nish. • I am sleeping on the sofa these days because my bed is broken. 2 1 He is sel¿sh. 指的是一般來說,他是很自私的。 • He is very sel¿sh; he never cares about how others feel. 2 He was being sel¿sh. 指的是他當時表現得很自私。 • Do you know why he was being so sel¿sh? I mean he is certainly not that kind of person normally.

17


Ⅰ Ⅰ. 選擇題:

( B )1 David coffee in the café now. A has B is having

C had

( B )2 Maggie her bike to school every day. A is riding B rides C has ridden

D was having D is ridden

( D )3 Believe it or not, Amy twenty-five credit cards, but she seldom uses them. A is having B have C had D has ( A )4 A: Why is Peter so busy? B: He on a project that is due next week. A is working B works C has worked

D worked

( C )5 Ryan in London at the moment, but he’ll move to Paris in six months. A has lived B live C is living D lives

C. 現在完成式 句型 使用 時機 1

S + have/has + p.p. +

*

since + 過去某個時間點(yesterday, two days ago, ...) since + S + V-ed for + 一段時間(two hours, five years, ...)

1 表示從過去一直持續到現在的動作。 2 常與 since, for 連用。

since 前亦可加 ever,形成 ever since。(學測)

1 The business of the young man’s store has been (那年輕男子的商店自從開張後,生意就一直很好。)

例句

2 Brian has stayed in the U.S. since 2000. (自從 2000 年以來,布萊恩就一直待在美國。) 3 May piano lessons for ten years.(梅已經學鋼琴十年了。) has taken 4 “ How long have/has + S + 4 A: How long you have been married ? B: We have been married for twenty years. p.p.?” 用以詢問某人已做某事 (A:你們結婚多久了? B:我們已經結婚二十年了。)

使用 時機 2

have have

just

finished my homework.(我剛剛做完功課了。) not received his reply yet.(我還沒收到他的回覆。)

3 The actress has appeared in many TV commercials recently. (那個女演員最近出現在許多電視廣告中。) 4 So far, we have received many good suggestions. (到目前為止,我們已經收到了許多很棒的建議。)

18

多久了。

yet 用於否定句,表示「尚未」的意思。 1 宣告講話當下已經完成或仍未完成的動作。 2 常與以下時間副詞連用,例如: already(已經)、just(剛剛)、yet(尚未)、recently, lately(最近)、so far, up to now, up to the present(到目前為止)等。

1I 2I 例句

good since it opened.


Chapter 2 時式

使用 時機 3

1 表示(講話的當下)之前已有過或未有過的經驗。 2 常與 never, ever, before, once, twice, three times 等副詞連用。 1I have seen/watched the movie Twilight several times. (我已經看過《暮光之城》這部電影好幾次了。)

例句

2 you ever to Disneyland in Hong Kong? Have been (你有去過香港的迪士尼樂園嗎?) ☆ ever 只用在疑問句。千萬不能用在完成式的肯定句中。 3I never scuba diving before, but I would like to give it a try. have gone (我之前從沒潛水過,但我很想試試看。)

文法不NG 1 有些動作在瞬間即完成,並未持續,故不搭配表示持續一段時間的時間副詞。 2 此類動詞:graduate, marry, die, leave, arrive, wake 等。 3 建議可使用: 老師可利用例句跟同學解釋這些動作一瞬間即完成,如結婚的動作不會一直持續三年,同 樣地,死亡的動作也不會一直持續十年。但若寫 She has died(她已經去世了)是正確的。 【註 1】(p.26) 1 過去式 (請見下方同場加映) 2「It is/has been + 一段時間 + since + S + V-ed」 3 可用「have/has been + p.p./adj.」表現出狀態。 例句 1: 錯誤 I have gotten married for three years. 正確

I got married three years ago.

正確

It is/has been three years since I got married.

正確

I have been married for three years.(我已經結婚三年了。)

例句 2: 錯誤 My grandmother has died for ten years. 正確

My grandmother died ten years ago.

正確

It is/has been ten years since my grandmother died.

正確

My grandmother has been dead for ten years.(我的祖母已經去世十年了。)

同場加映 現在完成式的重要句型整理 句型 1 說明

It + is/has been + 一段時間 + since + S + V-ed 1 表示從過去一直持續到現在的動作,強調「自……以來已經有一段時間了」。 2 has been 為正式用法,亦可以 is 取代。 1 It is/has been thirty years since my parents got married.

例句

(我父母已經結婚三十年了。) 2 It is/has been months since I last heard from her.(= I haven’t heard from her for months.) (我已經好幾個月沒有她的消息了。)

句型 2 說明

S + have/has + p.p. + for/during/over/in + the last/past + 一段時間 此用法表「在過去的一段時間以來,……」 。

19


1 For the last six months, sales

例句

句型 3

greatly increased/improved due to our efforts at promotion. have (過去這六個月以來,因為我們努力促銷,銷售大增。) 2 Kaohsiung City greatly changed over the past few years. has (高雄市在過去幾年以來,改變很大。) 3 Andy nothing in the past twenty-four hours. has eaten (過去這二十四小時以來,安迪都沒吃東西。) It is the ¿rst/second/third...time (that) + S + have/has + p.p.

說明

該句型表達「這是某人第幾次做某事」 。

例句

1 It is the ¿rst time I bungee jumping. have tried (這是我第一次嘗試高空彈跳。) 2 Ann has left her homework at home again. It is the second time this has happened .(安又把她的作業留在家裡了。這已經發生第二次了。) 注 意: 例 句 1 使 用 的 是 現 在 完 成 式 “have tried” 而 不 是 “tries”。 例 句 2 中 使 用 的 是 “has happened” 而不是 “happens”。

文法廣角鏡 have/has been to vs. have/has gone to have/has been to 說明

have/has been 表示「曾經去過某地」。 1 Allen has

例句

been

have/has gone to

have/has gone 表示「已經出發前往某地」 或「已經在某地了」 。

to Disneyland many times, and he is bragging about it to his

classmates. (亞倫去過迪士尼樂園很多次了,他正在對他的同學們炫耀。) 2 Allen has

gone

to Disneyland. That’s why he is absent today.

(亞倫已經去迪士尼樂園了。那就是為什麼他今天缺席。)

D. 現在完成進行式

20

句型

S + have/has been + V-ing...

使用 時機

1 現在完成進行式表示「從過去某個時間點開始,一直持續到現在的動作」 。與現在完成 式的差別在於,現在完成進行式強調動作還持續進行,且可能會持續下去。 2 常與 for, since, all day, all night, the whole day 等連用。

例句

1 Helen has been taking a bath for an hour. (海倫已經洗澡洗了一個小時了。) 表示講話的當下,海倫還沒洗完澡。 2I in Taichung for twenty years. have been living 表示應該還會繼續住下去。 (我已經住在臺中二十年了。) 3 John has been studying the whole morning. (約翰整個早上到現在都在讀書。)


Chapter 2 時式

精采回顧 A. 現在式 時式 現在簡單式

現在進行式

現在完成式

例句 1 Leo

TV every day.

表示習慣性或永恆存在的動 作。

(里歐每天看電視。) 2 May

is

talking

on the phone.

lived

in Taipei for ten

(梅正在講電話。) 3 Ken

has

years.(肯已經在臺北住十年了。) 4I

現在完成進行式

watches

說明

have

watching TV

been

dramas for ¿ve hours. (我已經連續看了五個小時的電視劇了。)

表示現在正在進行的動作。

表示從過去某個時間點持續到 現在的動作,且動作剛完成。 表示某動作從過去的某個時間 點一直持續進行到現在,且可 能會持續下去。

B. 過去式 時式 過去簡單式

例句 5 Lydia

(莉蒂亞昨天晚上出了車禍。)

talking

on the phone

had

left

when his

girlfriend got there. (當肯的女朋友到達時,他已經離開了。) 8I

過去完成進行式

was

when her mom got home. (妮可的媽媽到家時,她正在講電話。) 7 Ken

過去完成式

a car accident last night.

had

6 Nicole 過去進行式

說明

had

been

表示發生於過去的動作。

表示過去某一時間點正在進 行的動作。

發生於過去的兩個動作,先 發生的用過去完成式,後發 生的用過去簡單式。

watching TV

᭽述過去某個動作一直持續 dramas for ¿ve hours when my mother got home. 進行到過去某個特定的時間 (當我的媽媽到家時,我已經連續看了五個小 點或事件之前。 時的電視劇了。)

27


C. 未來式 時式

例句 9 Danny

未來簡單式

will

be

will

talking

have

表示發生於未來的動作。

on

left

by the time his girlfriend gets here. (馬丁的女朋友到這裡時,他將已經離開。) w By the end of this year, Tim

未來完成進行式

to

表示未來某一時間點正在進行 the phone with her boyfriend at ten o’clock 的動作。 tonight. (莉莉今天晚上十點將會跟她的男朋友熱線。) q Martin

未來完成式

going

propose to his girlfriend tonight. (丹尼今天晚上將要跟他的女朋友求婚。) 0 Lily

未來進行式

is

說明

表示到了未來的某個時間時,某 個動作將已完成或持續一段時 間。

will

表示到了未來的某個時間點,某 have been living in New York for ten years. 個動作將已經持續進行一段時 (到了今年年底,提姆將已經在紐約住了十 間。 年。)

電 影佳 句 You know, the ancient Egyptians had a beautiful belief about death. When their souls got to the entrance to heaven, the guards asked two questions. Their answers determined whether they were able to enter or not.“Have you found joy

in your life? ” “Has your life brought joy to others?” (你知道嗎?古埃及人對於死亡有個美麗的想法。當他們的靈魂到了天國入口時,門口的守衛會問兩個問題。 他們的答案將決定他們能否進入天國。那兩個問題是:「你在世時快樂嗎﹖」、「你在世時有帶給別人快樂 嗎?」)

摘錄自:《一路玩到掛》(The Bucket List) 文法︰過去式、現在完成式

28


綜合演練 Part A :基礎題 100% Ⅰ 選擇題:50%(一題 2 分,共 25 題)1主要子句為過去式,而珍娜不想去的原因是她在之前就已 經看過了,故搭配「過去完成式」。

( B )1 Janet didn’t want to go to the movies with us because she the ¿lm twice. A saw B had seen C was seeing D has seen ( D )2 The boss the of¿ce just now. A has left B leaves

2“just now” 為「剛剛」的意思,需搭配過去簡單式。

C is leaving

( C )3 Can you believe that Justin twenty cigarettes yesterday? A smokes B had smoked C smoked

D left D was smoking

( B )4 Last year at this time, Sue on her Master’s degree in America. A worked B was working C had been working D has worked

4本句「去年的這個時候」為過去某一特定的時間,故動詞搭配「過去進行式」。

( B )5 There a party at his place tomorrow night. A will have B will be C has

D is to have

( C )6 While the murder was being committed in the park, the witness(目擊者) a walk there. A take B has taken C was taking D had taken

6在本句中,過去的一個動作「謀殺」發生時,另一個動作「散步」正在進行中,故使用「過去進行式」。

( C )7 It for a week. I can’t help but wonder when the snow will ever stop falling. A snows B is snowing C has been snowing D snowed

7表「最近一段時間持續進行的動作」,且似乎還沒有停止的跡象,故使用「現在完成進行式」。

( B )8 Keep your voice down. The baby right now. A sleeps B is sleeping C will sleep

D will be sleeping

( B )9 By the time we got to the movie theater, the movie for ten minutes. A has played B had been playing C played D was playing 9 by 接過去某個特定的時間時,主要子句因語意的關係,使用「過去完成進行式」,表示還會再繼續播放下去。 ( A )0 The crime rate in the past few months because of the installation of surveillance cameras(監視器的安裝). A has been dropping B will have dropped C dropped D has been dropped 0“in the past few months” 搭配「現在完成進行式」,表「在過去的一段時間以來,已經不斷地……」。 ( D )q When the ¿re¿ghters arrived, the ¿re for half an hour. A raged B was raging C has raged D had been raging ( D )w Now I how lucky I am to have such liberal and supportive parents. A am realizing B have been realizing C realized D realize w由 “now” 可知動詞需使用現在式,而動詞 “realize” 為描述「想法」的 ( C )e By the time we get to the party, it . 動詞,不使用現在進行式,故使用「現在簡單式」。 A starts B is going to start C will have started D has started ( C )r Ever since Mike was a child, he of becoming a baseball player. A dreamed B dreams C has dreamed D has dreaming r本句使用 “Ever since S + V-ed, S + have/has + p.p..”,故答案為 has dreamed。 ( B )t The man recognized her in an instant because he her picture. A saw B had seen C has seen D was seeing

t先發生的動作(已看過照片)用過去完成式,後發生的動作(認出她來)用過去式。

( D )y I am not familiar with the area since I here just a month ago. A have moved B had moved C was moving

D moved

( A )u The student will be punished because he the assignment yet. A hasn’t ¿nished B didn’t ¿nish C doesn’t ¿nish

D hadn’t ¿nished

( A )i Up to now, she twenty pounds. A has gained B had gained C will gain D is gaining i up to now 與現在完成式搭配,表「到目前為止已經完成的動作」。

29

29


5 他的祖父已經過世十年了。

It

has

been

Part B :進階題

ten years since his grandfather

died

.

1本句考的是 “It is the ¿rst/second/third/...time S + have/has p.p.” 的句型, 表「這是某人第幾次做某事」。注意搭配現在完成式,而非簡單現在式。 2本 句 考 的 是 “used to + VR”, 表 示「 過 去 經 常 ……」, 由 “no longer smokes” 可知他現在不抽菸了,所以答案選 C 。

( B )1 It is the ¿rst time that he a car. A drives B has ever driven

C drive

D is driving

( C )2 Hank a packet of cigarettes every day, but for the sake of his health he no longer smokes. A is used to smoke B used to smoking C used to smoke D is used to smoking 3表「變得……」的動詞,如:turn、become、get、grow 等, ( B )3 It late. I’d better go home. 可以用現在進行式表示「逐漸變得……」,故答案選 B 。 A gets B is getting C got D is ( D )4 In the past decade, there an astonishing increase in the crime rate. A is B was C had D has been ( B )5 The murderer in the mountains before he was arrested. A was hiding B had been hiding C has hidden D has been hiding ( A )6 I anything all day yesterday, so I was starving when I got home. A hadn’t eaten B hasn’t eaten C hadn’t been eating D had eaten ( A )7 We learned that WWI out in 1914. A broke B has broken

C had broken

D was breaking

( A )8 Before someone found him, he unconscious in the basement for hours. A had lain B lay C has been lying D lied ( B )9 Rumor has it that he up the position of vice president next week. A has taken B is to take C takes D used to take ( B )0 I there for almost one hour when I suddenly realized that I was at the wrong bus stop. A was standing B had been standing C has stood D has been standing 4“in the past decade” 表示「在過去這十年以來,……」,主要子句的部分要使用現在完成式,且 there 要搭配 be 動詞,故答案為 “has been”。 5本句「躲藏」的動作從過去較早的某個特定時間,一直持續進行到「被逮捕」之前,故使用「過去完成進行式」。 6在本句中,由 yesterday 得知時間是發生在過去,截止時間是到家時,故使用「過去完成式」。 7雖然主要子句的動詞為過去式 learned,但 that 子句發生於過去某個特定時間,故時式還是使用「過去簡單式」。 9 “next week” 表示時間是發生在未來,但選項並沒有 “will” 或 “be going to”,故選 “be to + VR”,表示「預定」或「計 劃」。 0 本句考的是在過去某個動作(突然發現)為止,動作已經持續進行了一段時間,故使用「過去完成進行式」。

31

31


5 他的祖父已經過世十年了。

It

has

been

Part B :進階題

ten years since his grandfather

died

.

1本句考的是 “It is the ¿rst/second/third/...time S + have/has p.p.” 的句型, 表「這是某人第幾次做某事」。注意搭配現在完成式,而非簡單現在式。 2本 句 考 的 是 “used to + VR”, 表 示「 過 去 經 常 ……」, 由 “no longer smokes” 可知他現在不抽菸了,所以答案選 C 。

( B )1 It is the ¿rst time that he a car. A drives B has ever driven

C drive

D is driving

( C )2 Hank a packet of cigarettes every day, but for the sake of his health he no longer smokes. A is used to smoke B used to smoking C used to smoke D is used to smoking 3表「變得……」的動詞,如:turn、become、get、grow 等, ( B )3 It late. I’d better go home. 可以用現在進行式表示「逐漸變得……」,故答案選 B 。 A gets B is getting C got D is ( D )4 In the past decade, there an astonishing increase in the crime rate. A is B was C had D has been ( B )5 The murderer in the mountains before he was arrested. A was hiding B had been hiding C has hidden D has been hiding ( A )6 I anything all day yesterday, so I was starving when I got home. A hadn’t eaten B hasn’t eaten C hadn’t been eating D had eaten ( A )7 We learned that WWI out in 1914. A broke B has broken

C had broken

D was breaking

( A )8 Before someone found him, he unconscious in the basement for hours. A had lain B lay C has been lying D lied ( B )9 Rumor has it that he up the position of vice president next week. A has taken B is to take C takes D used to take ( B )0 I there for almost one hour when I suddenly realized that I was at the wrong bus stop. A was standing B had been standing C has stood D has been standing 4“in the past decade” 表示「在過去這十年以來,……」,主要子句的部分要使用現在完成式,且 there 要搭配 be 動詞,故答案為 “has been”。 5本句「躲藏」的動作從過去較早的某個特定時間,一直持續進行到「被逮捕」之前,故使用「過去完成進行式」。 6在本句中,由 yesterday 得知時間是發生在過去,截止時間是到家時,故使用「過去完成式」。 7雖然主要子句的動詞為過去式 learned,但 that 子句發生於過去某個特定時間,故時式還是使用「過去簡單式」。 9 “next week” 表示時間是發生在未來,但選項並沒有 “will” 或 “be going to”,故選 “be to + VR”,表示「預定」或「計 劃」。 0 本句考的是在過去某個動作(突然發現)為止,動作已經持續進行了一段時間,故使用「過去完成進行式」。

31

31


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.