URBAN PROJECTS PORTFOLIO - 2018 Delft, South Holland, The Netherlands |Santa Ana, San Jose, Costa Rica
MARICRUZ GAZEL
This portfolio displays the work done during both academic periods, licenciature in architecture and post-masters in urbanism, that pertain to urban field. For works that entail the architecture field please request the architecture portfolio.
MARICRUZ GAZEL FERRARO
Delft, South Holland, Netherlands Santa Ana, San Jose, Costa Rica Cel: (506) 8993-4982 | Skype: maricruz.gazel E-mail: marigazel@gmail.com | LinkedIn: Maricruz Gazel Ferraro
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
INDEX
POST-MASTER WORK ENGAGING SOCIO-SPATIAL FRAGMENTATION THROUGH PUBLIC DOMAIN
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GREEN AS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMMUNITY BUILDER
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ODERZO RE-DISCOVERS ITS HISTORICAL STRUCTURE
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OVERHAULING URBANITY
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Post Master Thesis_ Spring 2018_ Greater Metropolitan Area Costa Rica Prof. Birgit Hausleitner, Dominic Stead, Alvise Pagnacco Individual Work Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/emu_tesis
Semester Project_ Spring 2017_ Assendorp, Zwolle Netherlands Prof. Birgit Hausleitner, Taneha Kuzniecow Bacchin Group Region Analyses (Zhouyiqi Chen, Monika Novkovikj, Jean Baptiste Peter, Rajat Uchil, Cristina Wong, Gertie van den Bosch, Giuliana Gritti) Individual Design Work Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/zwolle-kampen
IUAV Semester Project_ Fall 2017_ Oderzo, Italy Prof. Paula Vigano, Alvise Pagnacco Partner: Zhouyiqi Chen Explanatory Video: https://youtu.be/qJ_rAXJuJAY
Semester Project_ Fall 2016_ Metropolitan Region Rotterdam - Den Hague, The Netherlands Prof. Roberto Rocco, Alexander Wandl Group: Monika Novkovikj, Vladimir Tapia, Rajat Uchil Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/overhauling_urbanity
LICENCIATURE WORK SAN JOSE URBAN STUDY
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MODUM- URBAN TRANSPORT AND DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
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Unidis-Harvard GSD Joint Studio_ Fall 2007_ Central Districts, San Jose, Costa Rica Prof. Alvaro Rojas, Luis Diego Quiros (Costa Rica) Costa Rica Group: Diego Bastos, Jose Castillo, Javier Esquivel, Ines Guzman, Carolina Pacheco, Mariana Rodriguez, Jose Vargas Hidalgo
Academic Thesis_Set 2012_Greater Metropolitan Area, Costa Rica Prof. Jose Ali Porras, Adrian Aguilar Group: Federico Chavarria, Cristina Hidalgo, Daniela Melo, Jose Vargas Delgado, Diana Villareal Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/modum
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Gated Property and Topography, Los Yoses Road.
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Author’s Own
ENGAGING SOCIO-SPATIAL FRAGMENTATION THROUGH PUBLIC DOMAIN Post Master Thesis_ Spring 2018_ Greater Metropolitan Area Costa Rica Prof. Birgit Hausleitner, Dominic Stead, Alvise Pagnacco Individual Work Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/emu_tesis
Gated Property and Topography, Los Yoses.
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Author’s Own
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3
2
Scheme of the transformation towards gated communities and the fragmentation of public domain
REGIONAL ANALYSES
Borders
Publicness
Regional Network 5km
Accessibility to Public Transport
Accessibility to Public Spaces
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Gated communities exist in most urbanized contexts around the world and San JosĂŠ, Costa Rica is not the exception. Following the discourse of insecurity and the claim of building community with-in the confinement of the gates, new developments are constructed with a peripheral wall. As gated communities diversify to all available markets, they have self-segregated from the city. The result is a city composed by clusters of enclaves separated by functions thus, car dependent and in detriment of the public space. Under this condition the research will focus on possible morphological and spatial strategies to modify
domain. Therefore, strategies should not be considered as independent parts but as a whole working in synchronism to enable public domain and reduce the socio-spatial fragmentation generated by gated communities. After, the integration of these strategies is evaluated by designing a relevant sample area concluding that there are four main factors that determine the ease of transformation of gated communities and the areas dominated by them: the proximity of the enclaves, the Research by design is utilized to parcel and enclave size, the parcel proposes nine strategies at three alignment and the availability of scales: regional, city and local which underutilized space. work together to enable public public spaces with the aim to allow for and facilitate social interactions in areas that are dominated by gated communities. Using as a starting point the understanding that public spaces mediate between the private spaces, having an important role in the confronting process of socio-spatial fragmentation and that the promotion of public spaces can address the imbalance manifested by the privatization of public spaces (Madanipour, 1999).
CITY SCALE ANALYSES
Borders
Publicness
Network 500m
Block Morphology and Road Permeability
Accessibility to Public Transport
Accessibility to Public Spaces
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ďťżEngaging Socio-Spatial Fragmentation Through Public Domain
REGIONAL STRATEGIES
River Park - Connector and Enabler of Public Domain
Densification - Provider of Critical Mass
From Mono to Multi-Functional
Multimodal System- Public Transport Improvement
CITY SCALE STRATEGIES
Increasing Accessibility and Permeability
Activating the Border
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Generating Activity and Public Gradients
STRATEGY’S MORPHOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES ANALYSIS: EXAMPLE LOCAL RESIZING THE GATE STRATEGY
Grouped Gated Cluster/ Current Condition
Joining Through Open Communal Spaces
Joining 2 Complexes
Joining Through Road Network
Joining 3 Complexes: According to the adjoining character of the open areas which limits the joining of the other two
Joining 3 Complexes
An external road and combination of road and communal areas is required in order to include gated complexes that are in close proximity but not adjoining to another complex
Joining 2 Complexes
Joining most Complexes through alignment of the network
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Engaging Socio-Spatial Fragmentation Through Public Domain
STRATEGY’S MORPHOLOGICAL OPPORTUNITIES ANALYSIS: EXAMPLE LOCAL INTRODUCING MULTIFUNCTIONALITY TO THE GATE STRATEGY
Car Lane Reduction
Built Additions-Few
Built Additions-Several
Built Additions and Greening-Few
Built Additions and Greening-Several
Un-Built Active Greening
Current Condition
Significant Mobility Shift
Built Additions-Few
Built Additions-Several
Built Additions and Greening-Few
Built Additions and Greening-Several
Un-Built Active Greening
Impermeable Gated Border Permeable Gated Border New Road Main Public Transport Route River
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Current Condition
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Creating Communal Activity Hot Spots
River Area Gated Private Communal Area Gated Shared Communal Area Public Area
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Generating Interconnection
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Densification New Local Use New Neighbourhood Use (small entrepreneurship-corner shop) Existing Non-Residential Use
STRATEGY PHASING: EXAMPLE RIVER PARK STRATEGY
Integrating the Urban Tissue
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
0
250
500
750m
ZOOM IN ALL STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION
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Engaging Socio-Spatial Fragmentation Through Public Domain
ACTIVATING THE BORDER STRATEGY
Current Condition
Transformation: New public space, possibility of small commercial use, complemented by slow mobility network
INTRODUCING MULTIFUNCTIONALITY TO THE GATED COMPLEX STRATEGY
Current Condition
Possible Transformation: Including diverse uses and giving multifunctionality to the street by distributing symmetrically the new communal areas.
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Possible Transformation: Including diverse uses and giving multifunctionality to the street by concentrating communal areas on one side
Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
RIVER PARK STRATEGY POSSIBLE INTERVENTIONS
Possible Transformations: Include recreational and sports areas.
Possible Transformations: Taking advantage of the topography in order to provide spaces for reunion and cultural activities.
A linear park is created by integrating various interventions along the river
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ďťżEngaging Socio-Spatial Fragmentation Through Public Domain
Homogeneity of Built Environment
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Car and Parking Predominance
GREEN AS A MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMMUNITY BUILDER Semester Project_ Spring 2017_ Assendorp, Zwolle Netherlands Prof. Birgit Hausleitner, Taneha Kuzniecow Bacchin
Group Region Analyses (Zhouyiqi Chen, Monika Novkovikj, Jean Baptiste Peter, Rajat Uchil, Cristina Wong, Gertie van den Bosch, Giuliana Gritti) Individual DesignWork Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/zwolle-kampen
Lack of Space for Urban Green
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Author’s Own, 2017
ZWOLLE - KAMPEN REGION ANALYSES
Topography
Topography
Soil
Patches
Corridors and Stepping Stones
Blue Corridors
Landscape Elements
Transportation
Commuting Pattern
Water Management Infrastructure
Water Infrastructure
Built Structure
Occupation Synthesis
Human Activities Synthesis
Service Area of Recreational Areas
Demographics
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Green as a Multifunctional Community Builder
Infrastructure
Terrain Height
Flood Damage Scenario 1
Flood Damage Scenario 2
Average Highest Ground Water Level
Flood Model Prediction Water Depth
Flooding 1-10
Flooding 1-100
FSI
Soil Subsidence
GSI
Parcel Area
Building Use
Construction Year
ZWOLLE - KAMPENTRANSECT B ANALYSES
Current Sea Level
Ground Surface Temperature
Water Holding Capacity
Flood 150 BG
Flood 300 BG
Betweenness 500m
Average Highest Ground Water Level 2050
REGIONAL STRUCTURE PLAN
Green-Blue Spine
Cultural-Heritage Spine
Valorization of the main ecological corridors
Restore the historical importance of the waterways
Conservation of important natural spaces
Valorize the heritage along the historical trading routes
Creation of a local agriculture buffer
Promote tourism in historical city centres Protect and enhance the connection between landscape heritage sites Valorize important industrial heritage sites
Creation of a green buffer around urban areas
Productive Structure Re-naturalization of the brownfield located along the main ecological corridors Transformation and development of new industrial function Conversion of industrial areas for urban development Promotion of smaller mixed-use industries Development of knowledge centres
Urban Structure Adapt the historical city centres and rigid urban developments to climate change Potential areas for urban densification programs Improve the urban quality of new urban developments
Project’s Location
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
ASSENDORP NEIGHBOURHOOD REQUALIFICATION
Neighbourhood’s Main Design Axes
The project deals with the improvement of liveability in a densely built urban environment by creating a green-blue and social structure. Intervention areas were selected through an analysis of the transformation capacity of the existing urban fabric and applying multifunctional principles in order to make efficient use of the available space. By capitalizing on the diverse services of urban green it can become the organizing element in the provision of community building spaces as well as a climate resilient green-blue network. The integration of small spaces and the efficient use of the available space can make a significant difference in the enhancement of liveability in a densely built environment. Thus, making a contribution to the strengthening of the green regional spine and climate resilient aims while allowing for social areas for cultural and identity expressions.
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Parcel
Block
Street
Morphological Units Transformation Capacity
0,1
0,4km
Neighbourhood Transformation Potential According to Block-Street Typologies
Green as a Multifunctional Community Builder
ASSENDORP STRUCTURE PLAN
Space for Water
Space for Community
ASSENDORP INTERVENTION ZOOM IN 1
1
2
Aerial View
Intervention Elements
Main Structure
Secondary Structure
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Main Water Retention
Main Centralities
Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Secondary Centralities Green Roofs
Urban Farming Potential/Art Plaza / Underground Parking Strategy
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Main Water Retention Park and Physical Activity- Water Management
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Possible Street Interventions According to Typology
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Green as a Multifunctional Community Builder
Oderzo’s Car Dependency
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
ODERZO RE-DISCOVERS ITS HISTORICAL STRUCTURE IUAV Semester Project_ Fall 2017_ Oderzo, Italy Prof. Paula Vigano, Alvise Pagnacco Partner: Zhouyiqi Chen Explanatory Video: https://youtu.be/qJ_rAXJuJAY
Author’s Own, 2017
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SCENARIO CONSTRUCTION _STRUCTURE What if the presence of the car in the Historic Centre is significantly reduced or even eliminated, in order to enhance the quality of space and feature its heritage?
The historical NW-SE orientation of the territory will be reinforced, with a network of public spaces. 0 km
0.5
Two perpendicular and interconnecting axes are introduced. This completes main network for car reduction. 1
The proposed network is part of a larger network for public transport and car reduction. 1.5
Major intermodal stations are proposed on the North and South, making them new centralities. 2
Multimodal Station Bicycle Sharing Micro Bus Station Parking
Axes Intervention Area
Public Soccer Area
Sports Area Requalification
Archaeological Sites Requalification River Bank Urban Integration
Parking RequalificationFlexible Area
Inner Hospital Plazas
Youth Plaza
New Park with Urban Farming
Railway Dirt Roads New Cycle Paths Pedestrian Paths Street Interventions Requalified Public Space Shared Space New Green Areas Canals River Ditch Proposed Densification Relevant Buildings
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
ZOOM-IN PROJECT_AXONOMETRIC VIEWS Play Areas
Plaza
Historical Sites
Prototype Parking Reduction Area
Urban Agriculture
Street Interventions
Protective Fence
River
Parking Requalification-Flexible Area
Requalified Public Space
Historical Sites
Important Buildings
Existing Green Areas
Shared Space
Flows
New Vegetation
New Buildings
New Equipped Green Areas
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Oderzo Re-discovers its Historical Structure
Historic Centre Detail
STRATEGIC INTERVENTION_HISTORIC CENTRE AND VIA GARIBALDI -Proposal: Street parking reduction, enhancement of public space -Main Actions: Parking spaces can be redesigned to accommodate different activities. In an initial phase platforms would be built to level the area with the porticoes housing different initiatives, as those that have been carried out worldwide. Areas in front of the columns and other underutilized spaces can be transformed into vegetated areas contributing with the public space quality and as well as improving the porosity of the city. On the final phase all surface would be at the same level and the mobility on the streets would shift to a shared space. -Main Actors: Municipality, Civil Organizations, Store Owners, Local Inhabitants. Current State
Propose Stage 1
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Propose Final Stage
PROTOTYPE_POSSIBLE ACTIVITIES 4
3
2
1
The prototype parking elimination can include diverse activities as:
1 REST AND LEISURE_Sitting, Eating, Library, Gardening.
2 SPORTS AND HEALTH_ Demonstrations, Yoga 3 4
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Oderzo Re-discovers its Historical Structure
Classes (or other disciplines), Table Games as ping pong, foosball. ARTS AND RECREATION_Expositions, Presentations, Dancing, Live Music PLAY AREA_Different activities for children of all ages.
Rotterdam South
Author’s Own, 2016
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
OVERHAULING URBANITY Semester Project_ Fall 2016_ Metropolitan Region Rotterdam - Den Hague, The Netherlands Prof. Roberto Rocco, Alexander Wandl Group: Monika Novkovikj, Vladimir Tapia, Rajat Uchil Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/overhauling_urbanity
Naaldwijk
Author’s Own, 2016
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REGIONAL INFERENCES
It is estimated that the Metropolitan Region RotterdamDen Hague (MRDH) will require a quarter million new dwellings by 2040. After initial regional analyses the group concluded that there was the potential of allocating such dwellings within the existing urban centres, and so avoiding the growth of the urban print. The information gathered was distilled to select areas with richer, complex characteristics. Each selected area was evaluated according to qualities. Thus, the dominant characteristics of collective neighbourhoods within the urban limits became evident. According to this dominant characteristic as well as the weaker aspects of each urban unit they are classified into six main strategic groups: 1-those with poor connectivity, 2-knowledge agglomeration centres, 3-those in need of social interventions, 4-areas that would benefit from social climbing opportunities, 5-neighbourhoods in need of more job opportunities and 6-the redevelopment of the port brownfield. Therefore, porposed strategies for each group are developed by reinforcing the strengths and working on the weaknesses of each area, and si creating the conditions to incentivize the building of new dwellings.
Income OSR
Density
Accessibility Knowledge Opportunities
Quality of Life
REGIONAL STRATEGY Proposed HOV Existing Train Existing Metro Proposed Metro New Ferry Connection Knowledge Hub Agricultural-Research Hub Soft-Network* Hard-Network** Proposed Logistic Hub Logistic Hub Network Densification Strategy
*Soft Network: Refers to the indirect connections between two or more parts of a network. **Hard Network: Refers to any infrastructure built that directly interconnects and relates local businesses to the region 0
2.5
5
7.5
N
10 km
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
HOUSING STRATEGY Through the study of OSR and low density, neighbourhoods that have higher potential for densification are selected. According to each area’s characteristic a new density is proposed and the increase in dwellings is calculated using the MRDH average household composition. Therefore, estimating the region has a potential to house 254, 646 new dwellings by 2040.
0
2.5
5
7.5
10 km
N
ZOOM-IN LOCAL STRATEGIES Green/Blue Capitalization
The action of capitalizing green/blue urban features implies revitalizing of the relationship between water surfaces, green areas and the urban fabric, whether it is built or yet to be developed.
Activation of Public Space
The incentive to activate the public space comes from the condition of public space deficiency in the detected areas of high density and predominantly mono-functional programme.
Key Projects
The ‘key project’ strategic approach is intended for areas in an urgent necessity of urban renewal and social regeneration. Furthermore, unattractive areas, such as brownfields, former industrial sites and areas associated with poor safety could incorporate ‘key projects’ as a trigger to urban revival.
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Overhauling Urbanity
Participatory Urban Upgradation
Most of the areas to be intervened require the active participation of their inhabitants and a system of communal organization, both temporary and permanent.
Mixed-use Densification
Areas currently undergoing a transitional phase, where the programme is going through transformations. With mixed-use densification these areas would avoid being condemned to monotony while decline of social quality would be mitigated.
Key Project at Transport Nodes and Mixed-use
The strategy of installing key projects at transport nodes is conceived as a result of the observation of the gradual development of areas surrounding regionally important train stations, in which several modes of public transport merge, are development catalysts.
ZOOM-IN - DELFT ANALYSES
Local Integration
Land Use
Density / Income Bivariate
OSR
Quality of Life
Knowledge Centres
ZOOM-IN - DELFT LOCAL STRATEGY Phase 1
Final Phase
Existing Metro Proposed Metro Existing Station Proposed Station Ferry Connection Green Spaces Public Space Activation Mix use densification Transformation Areas Existing Landmarks
Phase 2
0
32
1 1.5 2 km
Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
N
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Overhauling Urbanity
Metropolitan Park La Sabana.
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Google Maps Image by Norma Aguilar, 2018
Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
SAN JOSE URBAN STUDY Unidis-Harvard GSD Joint Studio_ Fall 2007_ Central Districts, San Jose, Costa Rica Prof. Alvaro Rojas, Luis Diego Quiros (Costa Rica) Costa Rica Group: Diego Bastos, Jose Castillo, Javier Esquivel, Ines Guzman, Carolina Pacheco, Mariana Rodriguez, Jose Vargas Hidalgo
Development Around Escalante
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Google Maps Image by Jose Duarte, 2017
SITE ANALYSES
Morphology
Walking Distances
Main Routes
Neighbourhoods
Heritage Buildings
Building Use
Topography
Vegetation
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Functional
Perceptual
Social
Visual
Temporal
Morphology 37
San Jose Urban Study
The proposal itself studies the four central districts of San Jose Municipality. Starting with the analyses the different layers that make up the urban environment, to demonstrate problems and find appropriate solutions. Among the obvious problems is mobility in all its forms, the lack of sidewalks, quality of public space and its low density. Having identified the main problems several studies on possible solutions are made and based on the strengths of each proposal a solution that responds to most situations and generates benefits for the city took shape. As shown in the next pages four major changes to the existing infrastructure are proposed to generate greater fluidity in the urban fabric. These changes also offer opportunities for urban design to create milestones in the city. Two main routes of mass pubic transport and their stops are also presented. (One in each direction EW, NS) These pathways are considered the busiest areas where it is proposed to increase the density. To alleviate vehicular traffic (especially those just passing through the city) an exclusive circuit for this transit with mega parking structures around its perimeter is visualized, in order to reduce car use and congestion in the city centre. Finally, green axes proposed have two objectives: humanize high traffic areas and connect existing green areas in the city; especially the river canyon which is currently neglected.
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Infrastructure Interventions and Public Transport
Main Transport Routes
Street Section
Public Transport Stops Intervention
River Public Space Blow Up
Relation with Important Buildings
Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Private Mobility Route Section
Public Transport Street Intervention Blow Up
Soft Scape and Bike Lanes
River Section
Bike Lanes and Public Space
Public Transport
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San Jose Urban Study
Bad Pedestrian Infrastructure on Primary Road.
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
Q Costa Rica, 2016
MODUM- URBAN TRANSPORT AND DESIGN DEVELOPMENT Academic Thesis_Set 2012_Greater Metropolitan Area, Costa Rica Prof. Jose Ali Porras, Adrian Aguilar Group: Federico Chavarria, Cristina Hidalgo, Daniela Melo, Jose Vargas Delgado, Diana Villareal Full Report: https://issuu.com/m.gazel/docs/modum
Everyday Mobility Scene Urban Centre
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Amelia Rueda, 2014
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Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
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MODUM - Urban Transport and Design Development
Population growth, lack of urban planning and high vehicle ownership, causes the uncontrolled expansion of urban areas; as a result, increasing congestion. The proper functioning of a city depends on mobility, and its urban program. Therefore, MODUM seeks to develop a model of land use planning that promotes sustainable transport systems and a more liveable urban environment. To achieve this, variable components of urban growth, that influenced mobility and land use, were analysed. Through the study of relevant urban models and the case studies of cities whose mobility is efficient, as well as the characteristics and requirements of each transport system. As a result of the synthesis between the theoretical analysis and cases, urban planning criteria are established, i.e. MODUM. A mathematical model that establishes logical relationships between components is then constructed. The behaviour of these relationships generates recommendations on proper intervention planning; organized into four areas: percentage distribution of urban program, location
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of stops or walkable radios, proposed densities, and transport system. Consequently, the mathematical model is evaluated through the application; so, it is first applied to macro level in 17 districts of the Greater Metropolitan Area; those influenced by the existing railway. Later at the micro level, in one of the previously chosen districts, as an example of what would be repeated for the others. With the data obtained it is concluded that the model optimizes the cost rate and decreases travel time by up to 15%. Also, it reduces urban growth, reduce traffic congestion and environmental pollution. Increased coverage of public transport is created, generating a better land use and ensures the distribution of the proposed urban program. MODUM works flexibly, the results depend on the territory where it is applied. It also lets you include updates since it can incorporate new variables not present in the investigation. It is noteworthy that MODUM can be used both in new territories and consolidated cities.
Urban Projects Portfolio - 2018 | Maricruz Gazel
STUDY AREA CURRENT STATE
STUDY AREA WITH MODUM APPLICATION
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MODUM - Urban Transport and Design Development
MARICRUZ GAZEL FERRARO Delft, South Holland, Netherlands Santa Ana, San Jose, Costa Rica Cel: (506) 8993-4982 | Skype: maricruz.gazel E-mail: marigazel@gmail.com | LinkedIn: Maricruz Gazel Ferraro