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Δ>iØÈ–ö˛* ^Û˛‘ÈΔˇ$$. 1940& 41ÃZ –ö˛≈MÏ¸¢VÊ¸ôË˛ Á‹ôÈ≈{VÊ¸‡À$ ∞ΔÊˇ”Ìfl˝Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. ΔˇÖy¯ {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛ ƒÊ˝$$ßÊ˛ÆÖÃZ f¥ÎØ¨˛, fΔÊˇ√± AØÛ˛MÊ¸ —fƒÊ˝*À$ ›Î´®Ö^ÈΔˇ$$. ΔˇÖy¯ {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛ ƒÊ˝$$ßÊ˛ÆÖÃZ øÍΔÊˇ°ƒÊ˝$$À –ö˛$ßÊ˛™ôË˛$ M¯Á‹Ö 1942ÃZ "{MÏ¸ã≥fi' Δ>ƒÊ˝$ªÍΔÊˇÖ –ö˛_aÖ®. –˛O{‘ÈΔˇ$$ M>ΔÊˇ≈∞Δ>”Áfl˝MÊ¸ –ö˛ΔÊˇYÖÃZ øÍΔÊˇ°ƒÊ˝$$yÏ˛∞ ΔÊˇÑÊ¸◊˝ Á‹øÊ˝$≈yÏ˛V> ∞ƒÊ˝$—$Ö^ÈÀ∞ M¯ΔÊˇyÊ˛Öô¯ D Δ>ƒÊ˝$ªÍΔÊˇÖ —ÁúÀÖ AΔˇ$$Ö®. V>Ö´©, {MÏ¸ã≥fi Δ>ƒÊ˝$ªÍΔ>∞≤ "®–ÈÃÍ °Ì‹ØË˛ ªÍ≈ÖMÊ¸$ øÊ˝—ÁŸ≈ôË˛$¢ÃZ C^Û˛a ^˛MÊ¸$P ÃÍÖsÏ˝® ± {Á≥Ü¥ÎßÊ˛ØË˛' A∞ —–ö˛$«ÿÖ^ÈyÊ˛$. {MÏ¸ã≥fi Δ>ƒÊ˝$ªÍΔÊˇÖ —ÁúÀÖ M>–ö˛yÊ˛Öô¯ 1942ÃZ MÏ¸”så˝ CÖyÏ˛ƒÊ˝* EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö BΔÊˇÖøÊ˝–˛$OÖ®.

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¥˘›ÎtÔúÁ‹$À$, ΔˇOÃÙ˝” ı‹tÁŸØË˛$œ, ¥˘Œã‹ ı‹tÁŸØË˛$œ, sÒ˝Õ{V>ãú á sÒ˝Õ∏˘Ø¨˛ M>Δ>≈ÀƒÊ˝*ÀØË˛$ –ö˛$*Ì‹–Û˛Ì‹ ΔˇOÃÙ˝” Á≥sÍtÀØË˛$ ôˆÀWÖ^ÈΔÊˇ$. {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛” M>Δ>≈ÀƒÊ˝*À$, –ÈÁfl˝ØÈÀ$, ΔˇOÃÙ˝” ªZXÀØË˛$ ôË˛VÊ¸ÀÚ≥sÍtΔÊˇ$. EôË˛¢ΔÊˇ{Á≥ßÛ˛‘¨˝, Ω‡Δäˇ, K«›Îfi, ªÒ˝ÖV>Ãå˝, –ö˛$‡Δ>ÁŸâ, BÖ{´ßÊ˛{Á≥ßÛ˛‘¨˝ÃZœ {ºsÏ˝ãŸ A´®M>ΔÊˇÖ MÊ¸∞Ì≥Ö^Ë˛MÊ¸$Öyë ¥˘Δˇ$$Ö®. Á≥’a–ö˛*ØË˛ Á‹ôÈΔ>, ôË˛*ΔÊˇ$µØË˛ —$yë≤Á≥NΔäˇ Á‹”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôÈ”À$ HΔÊˇµyëzΔˇ$$. 1942 & 44 –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ M>ÀÖÃZ —$yë≤Á≥NΔäˇÃZ Á‹–ö˛*ÖôË˛ΔÊˇ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôÈ”∞≤ Ø˛ÀMˆÃÍµΔÊˇ$. 90,000 –ö˛$Ö® gÒ˝O‚Ê˝œ ¥ÎÀƒÊ˝*≈ΔÊˇ$. –˛Δˇ$$≈–ö˛$Ö® ¥˚ΔÊˇ$À$ ^Ë˛∞¥˘ƒÊ˝*ΔÊˇ$. 30 –ö˛$Ö® ¥˘Œã‹À$, 10 –ö˛$Ö® Ú‹O∞MÊ¸$À$ ^Ë˛∞¥˘ƒÊ˝*ΔÊˇ$. D EßÊ˛≈–ö˛*∞≤ A◊˝_–Û˛ı‹ÖßÊ˛$MÊ¸$ {ºsÏ˝ãŸ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôË˛”Ö 1937ÃZ f«WØË˛ GÀÑÊ¸ØË˛œÃZ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ ¥˘sÓ˝ ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ 482 ›Î¶ØÈÀMÊ¸$ V>ØË˛$ 102 ›Î¶ØÈÀ$ –ö˛*{ôË˛–Û˛$ V¸À$^Ë˛$MÊ¸$Ö®. “ΔÊˇ$ ›Î´®Ö_ØË˛ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ Krœ ‘ÈôË˛Ö MÛ¸–ö˛ÀÖ 4.4 ‘ÈôË˛Ö –ö˛*{ôË˛–Û˛$. AßÛ˛ M>Ö{V¸ã‹ 58 –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ∞ƒÒ˝*fMÊ¸ –ö˛Δ>YÃZœ ¥˘sÓ˝ ^Û˛Ì‹ 28 Ô‹r$œ ›Î´®Ö_Ö®. EôË˛¢ΔÊˇ{Á≥ßÛ˛‘¨˝ÃZ M>Ö{V¸ã‹ –ö˛$ßÊ˛™ôË˛$MÊ¸$ ∞Δ>MÊ¸«Ö^Ë˛yÊ˛Öô¯ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ M¯Á≥Ö Ú≥Ö^Ë˛$MÊ¸$Ö®. MÏ¸”så˝ CÖyÏ˛ƒÊ˝* EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$ M>ÀÖÃZ M>Ö{V¸ã‹ ØÈƒÊ˝$MÊ¸$À$ gÒ˝OÃZœ EÖyÊ˛V> –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ ØÈƒÊ˝$MÊ¸$À$ AØÛ˛MÊ¸ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ {¥ÎÖôÈÀØË˛$ Á≥ΔÊˇ≈sÏ˝Ö_ Á≥N«¢ –ö˛$ßÊ˛™ôË˛$ MÊ¸*yÊ˛ VÊ¸r$tMˆØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ {Á≥fÀMÊ¸$ HM¸OMÊ¸ {Á≥Ü∞§V> –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ {Á≥MÊ¸sÏ˝Ö^Ë˛$MˆÖ®. 1946ÃZ f«WØË˛ G∞≤MÊ¸ÃZœ «fΔäˇ” ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ 30 ›Î¶ØÈÀØË˛$, Δ>⁄ÎâÃZœ 569MÏ¸ 442 ›Î¶ØÈÀØË˛$ V¸À$^Ë˛$MÊ¸$Ö®. 1940ÃZ ÃÍÁflZΔäˇÃZ f«WØË˛ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ Á‹–ö˛*–Û˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈MÊ¸ ¥ÎMÏ¸›Î¶Ø¨˛ °Δ>√ØÈ∞≤ B–˛*®Ö_Ö®.

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yÓ˛GÔ‹ﬁ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈MÊ¸Ö

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›˘ÁŸÃå˝ Á‹tyÓ˛ã‹

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—$ÁŸØ¨˛ VÊ¸Ø¨˛Àô¯ M>À$µÀ$ f«Ì≥Ö_Ö®. Á≥® ÀÑÊ¸À ¥˚ÖyÊ˛œ —À$–˛OØË˛ BÌ‹¢ ØË˛ÁŸtÖ f«WÖ®. D EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$ÖÃZ ›˘ÁŸÕã‹t ¥Î»t ØÈƒÊ˝$MÊ¸$ÃÒ˝OØË˛ fƒÊ˝$ {Á≥M>ãŸ ØÈΔ>ƒÊ˝$◊˝ ^Ë˛$ΔÊˇ$MÊ¸$V> ¥ÎÃüYØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. MÊ¸–ö˛$*≈∞ã‹t, –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸À$ ©∞ÃZ ¥ÎÃüYØË˛ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$. MÊ¸–ö˛$*≈∞ã‹tÀ$ ΔÊˇ⁄Î≈ —${ôË˛ Δ>gÍ≈Àô¯ EÖßÊ˛ØË˛≤ EßÛ˛™‘Ë˝Öô¯ CÖV>œÖyä˛MÊ¸$ –ö˛$ßÊ˛™ôË˛$ ô˛Õ¥ÎΔÊˇ$. 1944 ØÈsÏ˝MÏ¸ EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö –ö˛$$WÌ‹¥˘Δˇ$$Ö®.

ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ —øÊ˝fØË˛ & ›Î”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛≈Ö ✦ ✦

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–ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ ôË˛–ö˛$MÊ¸$ {Á≥ôÛ˛≈MÊ¸ ¥ÎMÏ¸›Î¶Ø¨˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö M>–ÈÀ∞ °Δ>√∞Ö_Ö®. 1946ÃZ AÁ≥µsÏ˝ {ºsÏ˝ãŸ {Á≥´ßë∞ AΔˇ$$ØË˛ AsÓ˝œ ôË˛ØË˛ –ö˛$Ö{Ü –ö˛ΔÊˇYÖÃZ∞ –ö˛$$VÊ¸$Y«∞ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘È∞MÏ¸ Á≥ÖÌ≥Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. –ö˛$Ö{Ü{ôË˛ƒÊ˝$ Δ>ƒÊ˝$ªÍΔÊˇÖ ÃÙ˝ßë M>≈ºØÛ˛så˝ —$ÁŸØ¨˛ ¥ÎœØ¨˛ÃZ {Á≥ÜMä¸ ÃÍΔˇØ¨˛ﬁ, H.—. AÃÒ˝V>jÖyÊ˛Δäˇ, ›ÎtÁúΔäˇ {MÏ¸ã≥ﬁ Á‹øÊ˝$≈À$V> ∞ƒÊ˝$—$ôË˛$ÀƒÊ˝*≈ΔÊˇ$. D Á‹ÖÁú$Ö ßÛ˛‘È∞≤ IMÊ¸≈ÖV> EÖ_ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖÀ$ GMÊ¸$P–ö˛V> EØË˛≤ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ –È«MÏ¸ MˆÖôË˛ Á‹”ƒÊ˝$Ö {Á≥ÜÁ≥Ü¢ C–È”À∞ Ì‹¥ÎΔÊˇÁ‹$ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. M>± CÖßÊ˛$MÊ¸$ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ JÁ≥#µM¯ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$. –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ 1946 BVÊ¸Á‹$t 16ØË˛$ {Á≥ôË˛≈ÑÊ¸ ^Ë˛ΔÊˇ≈ ®ØË˛ÖV> {Á≥MÊ¸sÏ˝Ö_Ö®. D Δ¯k f«WØË˛ –ö˛$ôË˛ MÊ¸À‡ÃZœ 1946 BVÊ¸Á‹$t 16ØË˛ {Á≥ôË˛≈ÑÊ¸ ^Ë˛Δ>≈ ®ØÈ∞≤ {Á≥MÊ¸sÏ˝Ö_Ö®. _–ö˛«MÏ¸ –ö˛$$Ì‹œÖ ŒVä¸ B´ßÊ˛”ΔÊˇ≈ÖÃZ ¥ÎMÏ¸›Î¶Ø¨˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö B—ΔÊˇ¬—Ö_Ö®. ¥ÎMÏ¸›Î¶Ø¨˛ AÖ‘È∞≤ Á≥«VÊ¸◊˝ØË˛ÃZ∞MÏ¸ °Á‹$M¯–ÈÀ∞ AÖªÙ˝ßÊ˛PΔäˇ ô˛Õ¥ÎΔÊˇ$.

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›Î”ôË˛Ö{ô¯≈ßÊ˛≈–ö˛$ÖÃZ Á‹$øÍãŸ ^Ë˛Ö{ßÊ˛ªZã‹ ✱ ✱ ✱

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{Á≥gÍ ÜΔÊˇ$VÊ¸$ªÍr$œ ✦

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1916 Ìú{∫–ö˛« 16ØË˛ ªüÖªÍΔˇ$$ÃZ Δ>ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ Ø˙M>ßÊ˛‚Ê˝ÖÃZ∞ øÍΔÊˇ°ƒÊ˝$ Ú‹O∞MÊ¸$À$ ÜΔÊˇ$VÊ¸$ªÍr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ØÈ’ΔÊˇMÊ¸Ö B‡ΔÊˇÖ AÖ®Ö^Ë˛yÊ˛Ö, A´®M>ΔÊˇ$À {Á≥–ö˛ΔÊˇ¢ØË˛MÊ¸$ ∞ΔÊˇÁ‹ØË˛V> øÍΔÊˇôË˛ Ú‹O∞MÊ¸$À$ D ÜΔÊˇ$VÊ¸$ªÍr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. GÖGã‹ RÍØ¨˛ ØÈƒÊ˝$MÊ¸ôË˛”ÖÃZ Ø˙M>ßÊ˛‚Ê˝ MÛ¸Ö{©ƒÊ˝$ Á‹–˛$√ ßÊ˛‚Ê˝Ö HΔÊˇµyÏ˛Ö®. ÜΔÊˇ$VÊ¸$ªÍr$ ßëΔÊˇ$À$ Ø˙MÊ¸ÀÚ≥O –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ ΔÊˇÖVÊ¸$À gÒ˝ÖyëØË˛$; Ø˛À–ö˛ÖMÊ¸, MÊ¸Ü¢, Á‹$Ü¢ EØË˛≤ gÒ˝ÖyëÀØË˛$ GVÊ¸$ΔÊˇ–Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ªÒ˝ÖV>Ãå˝ÃZ øÊ˝*›Î”–ö˛$$ÀMÊ¸$ –ö˛≈ÜΔÛˇMÊ¸ÖV> ªÒ˝ÖV>Ãå˝ MÏ¸›ÎØ¨˛ Á‹øÊ˝ B´ßÊ˛”ΔÊˇ≈ÖÃZ "°ªÍV>' EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$Ö f«WÖ®.

–Û˛À–ö˛$Ö® {Á≥fÀ$ ^Ë˛∞¥˘ƒÊ˝*ΔÊˇ$. 1947ÃZ _–ö˛« –˛O{‘ÈΔˇ$$V> ÃÍΔäˇz –ö˛òÖså˝ªÍrØ¨˛ ∞ƒÊ˝$—$ôË˛$ÀƒÊ˝*≈ΔÊˇ$. ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ —øÊ˝fØË˛MÊ¸$ Á‹Ö∫Ö´®Ö_ –ö˛òÖså˝ªÍrØ¨˛ K {Á≥◊Í„MÊ¸ØË˛$ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö®Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. D Á≥£Ê˛MÊ¸Ö {Á≥M>ΔÊˇ–Û˛$ BVÊ¸Á‹$t 14ØË˛ ¥ÎMÏ¸›Î¶Ø¨˛MÊ¸$, 15ØË˛ øÍΔÊˇô¨˛MÊ¸$ ›Î”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛≈Ö À¿Ö_Ö®. —øÊ˝fØË˛ M>ÀÖÃZ JMÊ¸ {¥ÎÖôË˛Ö ØË˛$Ö_ –ö˛$Δ¯ {¥ÎÖôÈ∞MÏ¸ –˛„œØË˛ –È«∞ M>Ö©÷MÊ¸$À$ AÖsÍΔÊˇ$. –ö˛$ØË˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ AÀµ Á‹ÖRÍ≈MÊ¸ –ö˛Δ>YÀ Áfl˝MÊ¸$PÀÚ≥O V>Ö´© ^ˆΔÊˇ–ö˛ô¯ Ø˛{Áfl˝î JMÊ¸ °Δ>√ØÈ∞≤ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. –ö˛$ØË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö {Á≥gÍ›Î”–ö˛$≈ ÃõMÏ¸MÊ¸ Δ>f≈–ö˛$∞ ô˛Õ¥ÎΔÊˇ$. —øÊ˝fØË˛ M>ÀÖ ØÈsÏ˝ {Á≥fÀ MÊ¸⁄ÎtÀMÊ¸$ Á‹Ö∫Ö´®Ö_ –ö˛*ΔÊˇYΔÛˇså˝ ªZΔäˇP–˛Oså˝ °Ì‹ØË˛ ∏˘sZÀØË˛$ "ÃÒ˝Oãú' Á≥{ÜMÊ¸ÃZ {Á≥^Ë˛$«Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. ›Î”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛≈Ö –ö˛_aØË˛Á≥#yÊ˛$ V>Ö´©i ªÒ˝ÖV>Ãå˝ÃZ∞ ØË˛–ÈQŒÃZ EØÈ≤yÊ˛$. 1947 Ú‹Ú≥tÖ∫ΔÊˇ$ 9ØË˛ …Ï˛ŒœMÏ¸ –ö˛^ÈayÊ˛$. 1948 fØË˛–ö˛« 28ØË˛ V>Ö´©i "JMÊ¸ Ì≥_a–È∞ ^Û˛ÜÃZ ôË˛$¥ÎMÓ¸MÏ¸ ØÛ˛ØË˛$ ∫Õ M>–ÈÕfi –ö˛ı‹¢ AÖßÊ˛$MÊ¸$ Ì‹ßÊ˛ÆÖ. M>± ^Ë˛∞¥˘ƒÙ˝$ –ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛$ ØÈ Ú≥ßëÀÚ≥O, Áfl˝ñßÊ˛ƒÊ˝$ÖÚ≥O ßÛ˛–ö˛#∞ –ö˛*r EÖyëÕ.' AØÈ≤yÊ˛$. 1948 fØË˛–ö˛« 30ØË˛ …Ï˛ŒœÃZ∞ ºΔ>œ –ö˛$Ö®ΔÊˇÖÃZ V>Ö´©Ú≥O ØÈ£Ê˛*ΔÊˇÖ V>yÛ˛fi (JMÊ¸Á≥#µyÊ˛$ Ìfl˝ÖßÊ˛* –ö˛$‡Á‹øÊ˝ÃZ Á‹øÊ˝$≈yÊ˛$) M>À$µÀ$ f«¥ÎyÊ˛$. V>Ö´© "ıfl˝ Δ>–í˛$' AÖr* –ö˛$ΔÊˇ◊Ï˝Ö^ÈyÊ˛$. ›Î”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛≈Ö ôË˛ΔÊˇ–ÈôË˛ –ö˛$ØË˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ EØË˛≤ 550 Á‹”ßÛ˛÷ Á‹Ö›Î¶ØÈÀØË˛$ —ŒØË˛Ö ^Û˛ı‹ ªÍ´ßÊ˛≈ôË˛ØË˛$ Á≥sÙ˝Ãå˝MÊ¸$ AÁ≥µWÖ^ÈΔÊˇ$. 1947 BVÊ¸Á‹$t 15 ØÈsÏ˝MÏ¸ M>÷√Δäˇ, ÚflO˝ßÊ˛Δ>ªÍßä˛, kØÈVÊ¸…ä˛ ôË˛Á≥µ A±≤ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ MÊ¸ÕÌ‹¥˘ƒÊ˝*Δˇ$$. –ÈsÏ˝∞ MÊ¸*yë 1949 ØÈsÏ˝MÏ¸ Á≥sÙ˝Ãå˝ øÍΔÊˇô¨˛ÃZ MÊ¸Õ¥ÎyÊ˛$. Δ>f MÊ¸$r$ÖªÍÀMÊ¸$, –ö˛≈MÏ¸¢VÊ¸ôË˛ QΔÊˇ$aÀMÊ¸$ C^Û˛a Ú≥ÖÑÊ¸Ø¨˛ØË˛$ Δ>^Ë˛«MÊ¸ øÊ˝ΔÊˇ◊˝Ö AÖsÍΔÊˇ$. 1971ÃZ CÖ®Δ>V>Ö´© ºΔÊˇ$ßÊ˛$À$, øÊ˝ΔÊˇ◊ÍÀØË˛$ ΔÊˇßÊ˛$™ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®.

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Á‹$øÍãŸ ^Ë˛Ö{ßÊ˛ªZã‹ {Á≥–ö˛$$Q EßÊ˛≈–ö˛$M>ΔÊˇ$yÊ˛$. —Á≥œ–ö˛–È®. gÍ°ƒÊ˝$–È®. Δ>ã‹ º‡» Á‹Áfl˝M>ΔÊˇÖô¯ ∫Δ>√, AÖyÊ˛–ö˛*Ø¨˛ÃZ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ gÍ°ƒÊ˝$ Ú‹OØÈ≈∞≤ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈΔÊˇ$. ΔˇÖy¯ {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛ ƒÊ˝$$ßÊ˛Æ M>ÀÖÃZ f¥ÎØ¨˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö {ºrØ¨˛ØË˛$, ∫Δ>√ –ö˛$‚Ê˝ƒÊ˝* ßÛ˛‘ÈÀØË˛$ KyÏ˛Ö_ØË˛Á≥#yÊ˛$ _MÏ¸PØË˛ {ºsÏ˝ãŸ Ú‹OØË˛≈–Û˛$ D gÍ°ƒÊ˝$ Ú‹OØË˛≈Ö. IGØ¨˛HÃZ 60,000MÊ¸$ Ú≥OV> Ú‹O∞MÊ¸$À$ EÖyÛ˛–ÈΔÊˇ$. f¥ÎØ¨˛ Á‹Áfl˝M>ΔÊˇÖô¯ 1943 AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ 21ØË˛ ªZã‹ Ì‹ÖVÊ¸Á≥NΔäˇÃZ Á‹”ôË˛Ö{ôË˛ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ (BgÍßä˛ Ìfl˝Ößä˛) ôÈôÈPÕMÊ¸ {Á≥øÊ˝$ôÈ”∞≤ HΔ>µr$ ^Û˛‘ÈyÊ˛$. 1944 –ö˛*«a 10ØË˛ "…Ï˛ŒœMÏ¸ Á≥ßÊ˛ÖyÏ˛' (bË˛ÃZ …Ï˛Œœ) AÖr* IGØ¨˛HMÊ¸$ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ {Á≥–Û˛’Ö^Ë˛–ö˛$∞ ô˛Õ¥ÎΔÊˇ$. IGØ¨˛H 1944ÃZ ØÈV>ÃÍÖyä˛ÃZ∞ M¯Ìfl˝–ö˛*ÃZ gÍ°ƒÊ˝$ gÒ˝ÖyëØË˛$ GVÊ¸$ΔÊˇ–Û˛Ì‹Ö®. f¥ÎØ¨˛ Á‹‡ƒÊ˝$Ö M>±, D‘ÈØË˛≈ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ {Á≥fÀ Á‹‡ƒÊ˝$Ö M>± AÖßÊ˛MÊ¸¥˘–ö˛yÊ˛Öô¯ IGØ¨˛H Ú‹OØË˛≈Ö {ºsÏ˝ÁŸΔÊˇœ ^Û˛ÜÃZ KyÏ˛¥˘Δˇ$$Ö®. IGØ¨˛H Á‹–ö˛*–Û˛‘Ë˝ÖÚ≥O …Ï˛ŒœÃZ∞ G{ΔÊˇ M¯rÃZ —^ÈΔÊˇ◊˝ f«¥ÎΔÊˇ$. 1945 BVÊ¸Á‹$t 25ØË˛ ªZã‹, ªÍ≈ÖM>Mä¸ ØË˛$Ö_ sZMÏ¸ƒÒ˝*MÊ¸$ –˛‚Ê˝ì¢ÖyÊ˛V> —–ö˛*ØË˛ {Á≥–ö˛*ßÊ˛ÖÃZ –ö˛$ΔÊˇ◊Ï˝Ö^ÈyÊ˛$. IGØ¨˛HÃZ∞ –ö˛$Ìfl˝‚Í ßÊ˛‚Í∞MÏ¸ ΔÊˇn*±fi ßÊ˛‚Ê˝–ö˛$∞ Ú≥ΔÊˇ$ Ú≥sÍtΔÊˇ$. ©∞MÏ¸ ÀÑÓ¸√ Ú‹Úfl˝VÊ¸Ãå˝ ØÈƒÊ˝$MÊ¸$Δ>À$.

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Winning Like Sourav.. written by? Current Affairs for All Competitive Exams Mumbai Airport among least The IGI airport in Delhi, the 16th busiest in the world, ranked poorly in flight punctuality, securing the 451st position among the 513 airports worldwide, according to a study conducted by OAG, a global leader in providing flight information. The Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport in Mumbai, the second busiest in the country, fared much worse in flight punctuality as it was ranked fifth least punctual airport in the world, just ahead of airports such as Jakarta Soekarno-Hatta Airport in Indonesia and Islamabad airport in Pakistan.

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At least two dozen children of Indian descent were among the 161 young students honoured by President Trump at the White House. They were selected for the Presidential Sc holars Programme, considered the nation’s highest honour for high school students.

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In a first, CRPF inducts 500 women per sonnel to counter protesters in Kashmir In a first, a special contingent of about 500 women CRPF personnel has been dispatched to Kashmir valley for regular security duties and tackles the unruly crowds and stone-pelters, including women. The CRPF, India’s largest paramilitary force with about 3 lakh personnel, has about 60 battalions deployed in Jammu and Kashmir for law and order and counter-militancy operations.

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‘More than 19,500 mother tongues spoken in India’ More than 19,500 languages or dialects are spoken in India as mother tongues, according to the latest analysis of a Registrar General and Census Commissioner Census released this week. There are 121 languages which are spoken by 10,000 or more people in India, which has a population of 121 crores, it said. The Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India, said since a

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Sundari Nanda assumes charge ✦

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The Elephanta Caves and the Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (CSMT) in Mumbai now have a companion on the UNSECO World Heritage Site List. The city’s Victorian and Art Deco ensembles were given the green light by the International Council for Monuments and Sites, an advisory body to the UNSECO, thus securing India its 37th World Heritage site, and Maharashtra its fifth. The buildings around the Fort, Churchgate and Marine Drive areas of the city, with notable structures such as the Bombay High Court, Elphinstone College, the National Gallery of Modern Art and CSMT, form a part of the collection of Victorian, Neo-Classical and Indo-Saracenic architecture in the city. Residential buildings along Oval Maidan and around the Cricket Club of India, and the first row of buildings along Marine

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Madhya Pradesh government launches out standing power bill waiver scheme ‘Sambal’ ✦ In Madhya Pradesh, the government has launched an outstanding power bill waiver scheme and subsidised power scheme ‘Sambal’ for labourers and poor families. ✦ Under the scheme, the Below Poverty Line (BPL) families would be provided electricity at a cost of 200 rupees per month. ✦ One crore 83 lakh workers registered under Sambal Yojana in the state till now. Under this scheme, outstanding electricity bill worth five thousand 179 crores rupees is to be waived off.

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Union Minister of State for Culture (I/c), Dr. Mahesh Shrama inaugurated exhibition titled "Arth - art for earth" at IGNCA, New Delhi ‘ARTH - ART FOR EARTH’ by Manav Gupta consists of "Excavations in Hymns of Clay"-a suite of environmental art installations by Manav Gupta weaving all of them with a storyline and poetry. It is an evolving site, specific and dynamic engagement with the space it has an inter-

The Union Minister of State for Development of North Eastern Region (I/C), Prime Minister’s Office, Personnel, Public Grievances & Pensions, Atomic Energy and Space, Dr. Jitendra Singh attended the famous 4-day Meghalaya Annual Cultural Festival, "Behdienkhlam", held every year at the small peripheral town of Jowai, Meghalaya.

The book of Ansari’s speeches, titled Dare I question: Reflections on Contemporary Challenges ✦

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Dr. Mahesh Shrama inaugurates exhibition titled "Arth - art for earth"

The Election Commission launched voter identity cards with Braille label to ensure greater participation of persons with visual impairment in the electoral process. The Commission also unveiled a strategic framework on “Accessible Elections”.

"Behdienkhlam" festival at Jowai, Meghalaya

IPS officer Sundari Nanda assumed charge as Puducherry Director General of Police, becoming the first woman to head the force in the Union Territory. A 1988 batch officer, she was transferred to Puducherry from the National Capital Territory of Delhi.

Mumbai’s Victorian and Art Deco buildings get World Heritage tag ✦

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Puducherry’s first woman DGP

Indians awarded by President Trump ✦

EC launches Braille-enabled Voter IDs

household may consist of persons related by blood or of unrelated persons or a mix of both, it is absolutely necessary to ask every person about her or his mother tongue. The number of such raw returns of mother tongues has totalled 19,569, the report of the 2011 census said. However, 96.71 per cent population in the country has one of the 22 scheduled languages as their mother tongue.

Punctual Airports in the World

The book of Former vice-president Hamid Ansari’s speeches, titled Dare I question: Reflections on Contemporary Challenges, has been released on July 17 in Delhi by former chief justice of India Justice T.S. Thakur. As Foreign Service officer, Ansari had served in West Asia and was India’s Permanent Representative to the UN. He also served as vice-chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University and chairman of the National Minorities Commission before becoming vice-president.

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BJP president Amit Shah has unveiled a stainless steel Charkha at the Sabarmati riverfront in Ahmedabad. The charkha, which is 21 feet in length, 11 feet in height,and 6.5 feet in breadth, is made of chromium-nickel stainless steel and is installed on the Sabarmati Riverfront near the Riverfront Park, right across the Sabarmati Ashram.

Dr. Harsh Vardhan inaugurates 16th Work shop on Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia ✦ Union Minister of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Dr. Harsh Vardhan has inaugurated the 16th Workshop on Greenhouse Gas Inventories in Asia (WGIA16). Dr. Harsh Vardhan stressed that while efforts of experts are necessary, there is also a need for an active involvement of people in the fight against climate change.

Aadhaar must for health mission cover ✦

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Union government has mandated the use of Aadhaar card for administering its massive Ayushman Bharat, or National Health Mission, that assures a Rs 5 lakh health cover to 10 crore families. While possessing an Aadhaar card isn’t mandatory to avail services, a proof of enrolment, or request for enrolment, is mandatory.

for Rs 39-cr ‘Seema Darshan’ project

Global Impact challenge ✦

Stainless steel charkha unveiled at Sabarmati river front

Gujarat CM Vijay Rupani gives approval

Kerala, Delhi startups win Kerala-based startup Ajna and Brun Health from Delhi won the Global Impact Challenge (GIC), jointly organised by the Kerala Startup Mission (KSUM) and USbased Singularity University, at the “grand finale” in Thiruvananthapuram. EasyKrishi (Karnataka), SunEmison Solar (Chhattisgarh), and SignNEXT Assistive Technology LLP (Kerala) were declared the top three performers behind the winners. They were awarded certificates and cash prize of Rs 50,000 each. The India GIC, which began on July 2, was aimed at identifying inspiring startups trying to find solutions addressing global challenges in learning, healthcare and environment sectors.

The book “Winning Like Sourav: Think & Succeed Like Ganguly” written by Abhirup Bhattacharya

Drive, as well as the Regal and Eros cinema theatres, are part of the Art Deco cluster. Mumbai’s Victorian buildings are amongst the finest and most cohesive 19th century Victorian architecture in the world, and the city’s Art Deco buildings of the 20th century make up the second largest homogenous collection in the world.

Like Kohli”, says it was during Ganguly’s tenure that several youngsters came to the fore and created a new core for the team.

face with - whether it be the Travelling or the Permanent editions.

The book titled “Winning Like Sourav: Think & Succeed Like Ganguly” has written by Abhirup Bhattacharya. Bhattacharya says the book, replete with statistics and anecdotes, is not a biography but attempts at drawing management lessons and inspiration from the life of an exemplary skipper like Ganguly. Bhattacharya, who previously authored “Winning Like Virat: Think and Success

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Gujarat Chief Minister Vijay Rupani has given in-principle approval for the 39-crore rupees ‘Seema Darshan’ project for developing more infrastructure facilities from TJunction to Zero Point at Nadabet near Suigam in Banaskantha district to instil patriotism through a unique Gujarat initiative for border tourism.

Government allows photography at all protected monuments except Ajanta Caves, Leh Palace and Taj Mahal ✦

The Archaeological Survey of India has issued an order allowing photography within the premises of all centrally protected monuments or sites, except at Ajanta Caves, Leh Palace and Taj Mahal.

Union HRD Minister Prakash Javadekar inaugurates 17th World Sanskrit Conference in Vancouver, Canada ✦

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Human Resource Development Minister Shri Prakash Javadekar inaugurated the 17th World Sanskrit Conference held at Vancouver, Canada from 9th July to 13th July, 2018. The World Sanskrit Conference is held in various countries across the globe once in every three years and so far it has been held thrice in India.

These current affairs are prepared by the subject experts of

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IBPS PO PRELIMS MODEL PAPER (∫$´ßÊ˛–ÈΔÊˇÖ ôË˛ΔÊˇ$–ÈΔˇ$$) Direction (66-70): In the following questions two equations numbered I and II are given. You have to solve both the equations and give answer. If 1) x > y 2) x > y 3) x < y 4) x < y 5) x = y or the relationship cannot be established 66. I. 8x2 + 18x + 4 = 0 II. 2y2 +29y + 14 = 0 67. I. x2 - 144 = 0 II. y = �144 2 68. I. 17x + 48x = 9 II. 13y2 = 35y - 18 69. I. 2x2 - 8x - 64 = 0 II. 2y2 - 13y - 34 = 0 70. I. x2 + 40x + 399 = 0 II. y2 - 2y - 195 = 0

ENGLISH LANGUAGE & COMPREHENSION Direction (71-80) : Read the following passage to answer the given questions. Some words/ phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions. In a welcome development, small cities and towns appear to be doing more to power India's growth story than big metros. Confirming this are the latest Income Tax statistics, which indicate that Tier II and Tire III cities like Patna, Lucknow. Meerut and Kanpur have far outstripped Delhi, Mumbai Chennai and Kolkata in terms of growth in personal and corporate tax collection. In fact, Patna has seen as much as 95 per cent growth in personal Income Tax figures over the 2009-10 period compared to a measly 4 per cent of Delhi and 6 per cent for Mumbai. Such a shift towards growth driven by regional centres can help mitigate the problems ensuing from unequal development and therefore, needs to be encouraged. The current growth and development model centred on big metros is unsustainable. Having experienced years of economic migration, these large cities are literally bursting at the seams. They are left with cracking infrastructure -compounded by shoddy urban planning - and poor civic amenities, all of which is reflected in the fast depreciating quality of life. Yet people continue to be drawn to metros due to the allure of better career prospects. The only way to reverse this trend is to have multiple growth poles spread across the length and breadth of the country. It is encouraging that many of the small cities showing robust economic growth are located in the backward regions. They could serve as magnets from intrastate migration and take the burden off traditional metropolitan hubs. As emerging markets within the Indian economy, these small urban centres can become hotspots for new investment opportunities. Many outsourcing companies are already setting up operations in Tier II and Tier III cities to minimize their running costs. Conducive conditions need to be created to encourage India Inc as well as foreign investors to increasingly invest in small cities and townships. Crucial to this is creating sound infrastructure. There needs to be a significant number of quality schools and colleges to churn out skilled professionals to cater to the needs of emerging businesses. This, in turn, will have a positive trickle-down effect and galvanise the rural economy of the respective states. In planning these new urban hubs, errors of the past that have given rise to chaotic and dysfunctional cities must not be repeated, Our metros may have reached a point of saturation. While they should by no means be ignored, pay attention to Tier II and III cities as well to continue India's growth story and make it more inclusive. 71. Which of the following is definitely true

as per the passage? 1) The tax collections from Patna are the highest for 2009-10. 2) The growth in corporate tax collections is always followed by the growth in personal tax collections. 3) The growth in personal tax figures for Chennia and Kolkata was not more than 4% for 2009-10. 4) Patna had seen 95% growth in corporate tax collections in 2009-10. 5) None is true 72. Which of the following indicators has been used to highlight growth? 1) Per capita growth 2) Mortality rate 3) Density of population 4) Tax collections 5) Rate of migration 73. Which of the following would be one of the major impacts of development of many regional cities and centres? 1) The income level of people will increase. 2) The living conditions in existing metros will become worse 3) The migration to far off bigger cities cross different states will be reduced 4) Tax collections will increase 5) None of the above 74. Which of the following cities has been classified as Tier III City as per the passage? 1) Lucknow 2) Patna 3) Chennai 4) Cannot be determined 5) None of the above 75. Which of the following would be the most appropriate meaning of the phrase "bursting at the seams" as used in the second paragraph of the passage? 1) Filled beyond normal capacity 2) Have become fast faced centres 3) Facing exodus from these cities 4) Bubbling with energy 5) None of the above 76. Which of the following may not be an objective of developing Tier II/III cities? 1) To have more inclusive growth 2) To have growth across the length and breadth of the country 3) To improve the quality of schools and colleges to produce skilled professionals 4) To take off pressure from the over burdened infrastructure of metros 5) To check inter-state migration 77. Which of the following would be the advantage of setting up operations in Tier II and Tier III cities? 1) The operating costs would be lower. 2) It will attract better investment. 3) It will attract tax exemptions from the government. 4) The manpower available for employment would be better. 5) The Metros will face healthy competition for improving their infrastructure. 78. What attracts people to the metros? 1) Better living conditions 2) Improved source of income 3) Better educational facilities 4) Seamless economic and social activities 5) Enhanced social security Directions (79-80): Choose the word which is MOST SIMILAR in meaning to the word printed in bold as used in the passage. 79. Centred on 1) gets boost 2) revolves around \ 3) inspired from 4) thrives on 5) gets away with 80. Mitigate 1) immigrate 2) take off 3) out 4) miss out 5) reduce Direction (81-90): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The number of that part is the answer. If there is no error, the answer is (5), i.e. ‘No Error’. (Ignore the errors of punctuation, if any.) 81. Vipin took me to a restaurent (1)/and ordered for (2)/two cups of tea (3)/ which the waiter bought in no time. (4)/No error(5)

82. The hostellers complained (1)/ to the principal against (2)/ the warden and the (3)/ poor management of the hostel. (4)/ No error (5). 83. Without considering (1)/ for a moment she (2)/ interested me in (3)/ all important work. (4)/ No error (5) 84. Somebody told me (1)/ that he had fallen into (2)/ the well and nobody had (3)/ tried to save him. (4)/ No error (5) 85. There are certain being (1)/ that can live without (2)/ any effort both (3)/ on land and water. (4)/ No error (5) 86. If all goes well (1)/ the examination scheduled for next month (2)/ is all set to be completely free (3)/ from annoying power cuts and disruptions. (4)/ No error (5) 87. There are just too few trains (1)/ for the ever-grow (2)/ number of passengers (3)/ in the city. (4)/ No error (5) 88. The buzz at the party was (1)/ that a famous (2)/ film star and politician would (3)/ probable drop by for a while. (4)/ No error (5) 89. The opposition disrupted proceedings (1)/ in both Houses of Parliament (2)/ for the second consecutive day (3)/ above the plight of farmers in the country. (4)/ No error (5) 90. In response to the growing crisis (1)/ the agency is urgently asking for (2)/ more contributions to make up for (3)/ its sharp decline in purchasing power. (4)/ No error(5) Directions(91-95): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below them. A. It governs all other powers, physical, mental, etc. B. The mobility of the purpose helps your thoughts to break all the boundaries. C. The power of mind is enormous. D. Therefore, to achieve it, one should try to kindle the mind power. E. When thoughts transcend limitations, the goal is reachable. F. The pre-requisite is that your mind should be inspired by some good purpose. 91. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E 92. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E 93. Which of the following should be the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E 94. Which of the following should be the SIXTH(LAST) sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E 95. Which of the following should be the

FOURTH sentence after rearrangement? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) F Directions (96-100): The sentence has two blanks. Each blank indicates that something has been omitted. B.Krishna Choose the words that best fit the meaning of Kishore the sentence as a whole. Senior Faculty 96. To croos the Rubicon means to take a from final ______ step which may dangerous ______ 1) hazardous, precedent 2) unwarranted, potentialities 3) inconsequential, concomitants 4) well-considered, implications 5) irrevocable, consequences 97. Though the Oxford English Dictionary is undoubtedly the greatest dictionary ever ______ it is designed for scholars and research workers rather that for the ______ dictionary user. 1) assembled, assiduous 2) demonstrated, amateur 3) projected, omniscient 4) published, professional 5) compiled casual 98. He was convinced that people were driven by ______ motives that he believed there was no such thing as a purely ______ act. 1) personal, vengeful 2) personal, eternal 3) altruistic, praiseworthy 4) ulterior, selfless 5) sentimental, divine 99. The chief ______ him of his adminstrative powers and ______ him to the Bahamas. 1) invested, shipped 2) augmented, deported 3) incremented, sent 4) divested, deported 5) officer, abandoned 100. They feared that they might ______ develop the ______ raiding activity of the tribe into regular operation. 1) abruptly, spontaneous 2) incidentally, resplendent 3) knowingly, spurious 4) inadvertently, spurious 5) easily, prominent

Answers 66) 5 67) 4 68) 3 69) 5 70) 3 71) 5 72) 4

73) 3 74) 4 75) 1 76) 5 77) 2 78) 2 79) 2

80) 5 81) 2 82) 3 83) 3 84) 5 85) 4 86) 5

87) 2 88) 4 89) 4 90) 5 91) 3 92) 1 93) 2

94) 5 95) 5 96) 5 97) 5 98) 4 99) 4 100) 4

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{Á≥◊Í„M> Á‹ÖÁú$Ö ∞ƒÊ˝$—$Ö_ØË˛ {Á≥° JMÊ¸P ØË˛*ôË˛ØË˛ ∞Á≥#◊˝$À ∫ñÖßÊ˛Ö ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸ AÖ^Ë˛ØÈ Á≥ßÊ˛ÆÜÃZ AØÛ˛MÊ¸ Á≥Δ>≈ ƒÊ˝*À$ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$µÀ$ ^Û˛Ì‹ Á‹–ö˛«Ö_Ö®. {Á≥Ü ∞Á≥#◊˝$À ∫ñÖßÊ˛Ö/sÍã‹P∏˘Δäˇfi ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQØË˛$ ∞ΔÊˇ~Δˇ$$Ö^Ë˛yë∞MÏ¸ Mˆ∞≤ Á≥ßÊ˛ÆôË˛$ÀØË˛$ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö®Ö_Ö®. 1971 ØË˛$Ö_ {V>“$◊˝, Á≥rt◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ MÛ¸À»À —∞ƒÒ˝*VÊ¸Ö QΔÊˇ$aÚ≥O ¥Îœ∞ÖVä¸ MÊ¸—$ÁŸØå˛ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQ –ö˛»YMÊ¸ΔÊˇ◊˝ØË˛$ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö®Ö_Ö®. 1979 –ö˛ΔÊˇMÊ¸$, Á‹Ö{Á≥ßëƒÊ˝$ ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸ AÖ^Ë˛ØÈ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸Ö AÖsÙ˝ ôË˛MÊ¸$P–ö˛ BßëƒÊ˝$Ö ÃÙ˝ßë A–ö˛Á‹ΔÊˇ–˛$OØË˛ BßëƒÊ˝$Ö ÃÙ˝MÊ¸¥˘–ö˛yÊ˛Ö. 1979ÃZ –˛O.M¸.AÀVä¸ MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ Ì‹∏ÎΔÊˇ$fi ßë”Δ> MˆôË˛¢ —´ßëØË˛Ö B^Ë˛«Ö^Ë˛yÊ˛Ö –˛$$ßÊ˛À$Ú≥sÍtΔÊˇ$. GÖôË˛ –ö˛$Ö®MÏ¸ ¥˚ÌŸtM>‡ΔÊˇÖ, MÛ¸À»À$ MˆΔÊˇôË˛ AØÛ˛ —ÁŸƒÊ˝*∞≤ B´ßëΔÊˇÖV> ^Û˛Á‹$Mˆ∞ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö®Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. D —´ßëØË˛Ö {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ Á≥rt◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ 2100 MÊ¸ØÈ≤ ôË˛MÊ¸$P–ö˛ MÛ¸À»À$, {V>“$◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ 2400 MÊ¸ÖsÙ˝ ôË˛MÊ¸$P–ö˛ MÛ¸À»À$ ÀøÊ˝≈Ö M>∞ –È‚Ê˝ÂÖßÊ˛ΔÊˇ* ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQMÊ¸$ ®VÊ¸$–ö˛ EØË˛≤sÙ˝œ. Á≥rt◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ MÊ¸ÖsÙ˝ {V>“$◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ∞ {Á≥fÀ$ GMÊ¸$P–ö˛ ‘È»ΔÊˇMÊ¸, M>ƒÊ˝$MÊ¸ÁŸtÖ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$ M>∫sÏ˝t {V>“$◊˝ {Á≥fÀ MÛ¸À»À$ GMÊ¸$P–ö˛ EÖyëÀ∞ AÀVä¸ MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ —–ö˛«Ö_Ö®. 1993ÃZ ÀM>z–ÈÃÍ MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ MˆôË˛¢ Ì‹∏ÎΔÊˇ$fiÀ$ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. {V>“$◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ 2100, Á≥rt◊ÍÃZœ 2400 MÊ¸±Á‹ A–ö˛Á‹ΔÊˇ MÛ¸À»À$ÃZ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$µ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$MÊ¸$Öyë AÃÍVÛ¸ EÖ^Ë˛$ôË˛* ôË˛ÀÁ‹« —∞ƒÒ˝*VÊ¸ –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝$Ö VÊ¸ñ‡À B´ßëΔÊˇÖV> B MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ ΔÛˇQØË˛$ ∞ΔÊˇ”_Ö_Ö®. "MÊ¸ØË˛*j≈–ö˛$Δäˇ {Ú≥Oã‹ CÖy˛Mä¸fi ÁúΔäˇ CÖyÊ˛ {Ì‹tƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ ÃÙ˝∫ΔÊˇΔäˇfi', "MÊ¸ØË˛*j≈–ö˛$Δäˇ {Ú≥Oã‹ CÖy˛Mä¸fi ÁúΔäˇ A{WMÊ¸ÀaΔÊˇÃå˝ ÃÙ˝∫ΔÊˇΔäˇfi'ØË˛$ Á≥«VÊ¸◊˝ØË˛ÃZMÏ¸ °Á‹$MˆÖ®. 2011 –ö˛ΔÊˇMÊ¸$ A´®M>«MÊ¸ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ ΔÛˇQÀ$ Á≥N«¢V> ÀM>z–ÈÃÍ MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ Ì‹∏ÎΔÊˇ$fiÀÚ≥O B´ßëΔÊˇÁ≥yÏ˛ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. 1993&94 –ö˛ΔÊˇMÊ¸$ "ØÛ˛ÁŸØË˛Ãå˝ ‘ÈÖÌ≥Ãå˝ Á‹ΔÛˇ” BΔÊˇYØ˛OgÙ˝ÁŸØå˛' (GØå˛Gã‹Gã‹J) A∞≤ –ö˛Á‹$¢–ö˛#À ´ßÊ˛ΔÊˇÀ$ 30 Δ¯kÀMÊ¸$ –ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛$ H ´ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ EÖyÛ˛ß¯ AßÛ˛ {¥Î–ö˛*◊Ï˝MÊ¸ÖV> °Á‹$MˆØÛ˛®. ßëÖô¯ –ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛$ Á‹Ö–ö˛ôË˛fiΔ>À ´ßÊ˛ΔÊˇÀô¯ ¥˘ÕMÊ¸, —‘Û˝œÁŸ◊˝ MÊ¸ÁŸt–ö˛$ƒÙ˝$≈®. GrtMÛ¸ÀMÊ¸$ 1999&2000ÃZ GØå˛Gã‹Gã‹J —$Mä¸fiyä˛ «ÁúΔˇØå˛fi Ô≥«ƒÊ˝$yä˛(GÖBΔäˇÌ≥) Á≥ßÊ˛ÆÜ∞ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ú≥sÏ˝tÖ®. 2005ÃZ Á‹$ΔÛˇãŸ sÒ˝ÖyÊ˛*ÀPΔäˇ MÊ¸—$sÓ˝∞ ∞ƒÊ˝$—$Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. 2009ÃZ B MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ –ö˛$Δ¯ MˆôË˛¢ {Á≥Ü¥ÎßÊ˛ØË˛ ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. {Á≥fÀMÊ¸$ B‡ΔÊˇÖô¯ ¥Îr$ MÊ¸±Á‹ A–ö˛Á‹Δ>ÃÒ˝OØË˛ —ßÊ˛≈, BΔ¯VÊ¸≈Ö, –ö˛Á‹$¢ –ö˛#À$, —Ø¯ßÊ˛Ö –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ –ÈsÏ˝Ú≥O ^Û˛Ì‹ØË˛ QΔÊˇ$aÀØË˛$ Á≥«VÊ¸◊˝ØË˛ ÃZMÏ¸ °Á‹$Mˆ∞ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQ —Á‹¢ñôË˛ ∞ΔÊˇ”^Ë˛ØÈ∞MÏ¸ ØÈÖ® Á≥Õ MÏ¸Ö®. –ö˛$Δ¯ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$µ MÊ¸*yë ^Û˛Ì‹Ö®. MÊ¸±Á‹ A–ö˛Á‹ΔÊˇÁ≥# MÛ¸À» ÀØË˛$ ôË˛WYÖ^ÈÀ∞ ∞ΔÊˇ~Δˇ$$Ö_, Á≥rt◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ Δ¯kMÊ¸$ –ö˛≈MÏ¸¢MÏ¸ 2100 ØË˛$Ö_ 1776 MÛ¸À»ÀMÊ¸$ MÊ¸$®Ö_ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQØË˛$ ∞ΔÊˇ~Δˇ$$Ö^Ë˛yÊ˛Ö –˛$$ßÊ˛À$Ú≥sÏ˝tÖ®. D MÊ¸—$sÓ˝ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ 2004&05ÃZ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQMÊ¸$ ®VÊ¸$–ö˛ EÖyÛ˛–ÈΔÊˇ$ 27.5 ‘ÈôË˛Ö, 2009ÃZ A® 37.2 ‘ÈôÈ∞MÏ¸ Ú≥«WÖ®. sÒ˝ÖyÊ˛*ÀPΔäˇ ¥Î≈Ø˛Ãå˝ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ Δ¯k–È» ôË˛ÀÁ‹« –ö˛≈ƒÊ˝$Ö {V>“$◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ ΔÊˇ*.27, Á≥rt◊˝ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ ΔÊˇ*. 33.

Á‹$±Ãå˝ ´ßÊ˛–ö˛‚Ê˝

Ì‹CJ, ßÊ˛ £Ê˛Δäˇz AÖÚ≥OΔäˇ “$yÏ˛ƒÊ˝*, ∏ÎΔÊˇ√Δäˇ –˛Oã‹ {Ú≥Ì‹y˛Öså˝ ØÛ˛ÁŸØË˛Ãå˝ hƒÒ˝*{V>ÌúMä¸ bÈØË˛Ãå˝

«Á≥ºœMä¸, –ö˛*«ÁŸã‹, –˛$MÏ¸ﬁM¯, –˛∞kÃÍ, DM¸”yëΔäˇ, –˛*ÖsÒ˝Ø˛{V¯.

GVÊ¸$–ö˛ ôË˛ΔÊˇVÊ¸Ü ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ$

AÖyˆ{Δ>, fΔÊˇ√±, J–ö˛$Øå˛, BÖsÏ˝V>”, h{ªÍÀtΔäˇ, AΔˇjÖsÓ˝ØÈ, {Xã‹, Á≥ØÈ–ö˛$, {XØå˛ÃÍÖyä˛, ¥˘ÃÍÖyä˛, B{ı‹tÕƒÊ˝*, ¥˘ΔÊˇ$aVÊ¸Ãå˝, B{Ì‹tƒÊ˝$, ‡ÖM>ÖVä¸, ∫Áfl˝–ö˛*ã‹, Áfl˝ÖVÊ¸«, QôÈΔäˇ, ∫{Úfl˝Δˇ$$Øå˛, Iã‹ÃÍÖyä˛, ªÍΔÊˇæy¯ã‹, IΔ>œÖyä˛, ›˚© AΔÛˇºƒÊ˝*, ªÒ˝ÕjƒÊ˝$Ö, ªÒ˝ΔÊˇ$√yë, C{gÍƒÒ˝$Ãå˝, Ì‹ÖVÊ¸Á≥NΔäˇ, {ºsÏ˝ãŸ –ö˛«jØå˛ ©–ö˛#À$, CrŒ, {∫*Ø˛O, ßëΔÊˇ$›ÎÀ–í˛$, f¥ÎØå˛, ›˜œ–˛Mä¸ «Á≥ºœMä¸, M¸ØË˛yë, ßÊ˛ÑÏ¸◊˝ Mˆ«ƒÊ˝*, ›˜œ–Û˛∞ƒÊ˝*, MÛ¸–ö˛*Øå˛ ©–ö˛#À$, MÊ¸$–˛Oså˝, Ú‹µΔˇ$$Øå˛, ÃÍÜ”ƒÊ˝*, Ú‹Δˇ$$Öså˝ MÏ¸så˝fi, _Œ, {MˆƒÙ˝$ÌŸƒÊ˝*, Õ£Ê˛$–Û˛∞ƒÊ˝*, Ô‹”yÊ˛Øå˛, ÀM¸fiÖ∫ΔäˇY, Ì‹”rjΔ>œÖyä˛, Ú‹O{Á≥ã‹, –ö˛$M>–ö˛#, ô˛O–ÈØå˛, ^˛Mä¸ «Á≥ºœMä¸, –ö˛*ÃÍt, {sÏ˝∞yëyä˛, süªÍV¯, y˛ØÈ√ΔäˇP, –˛$$ØÈM¯, G›˘¢ ∞ƒÊ˝*, Ø˛ßÊ˛Δ>œÖyä˛fi, ƒÊ˝$$Ø˛OsÒ˝yä˛ AΔÊˇªå˝ G—$ΔÛˇså˝fi, ƒÊ˝$$Ø˛OsÒ˝yä˛ MÏ¸ÖVä¸ yÊ˛Ö, ÌúØÈœÖyä˛, ØË˛*≈hÃÍÖyä˛, ƒÊ˝$$Ø˛OsÒ˝yä˛ ı‹tså˝fi, {∏ÎØå˛fi, EΔÊˇ$VÛ¸”.

V¯œ∫Ãå˝ –ö˛$Œt y˛O–˛$ØË˛¤ØË˛Ãå˝ ¥Î–ö˛»t CÖy˛Mä¸ﬁ (GÖÌ≥I) 2018

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EØË˛≤ôË˛ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ BßëƒÊ˝$ ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ$-&Δ¯kMÊ¸$ –ö˛≈MÏ¸¢MÏ¸ 5.2 yëÀΔÊˇ$œ ➦ MˆôË˛¢ {Á≥–ö˛*◊ÍÀ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ Δ¯kMÊ¸$ 21.70 yëÀΔÊˇ$œ BßëƒÊ˝$Ö ßÛ˛‘ÈÀØË˛$ A´®MÊ¸ BßëƒÊ˝$ ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ$V> VÊ¸$«¢Ö^ÈÕ. ➦ {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛ ªÍ≈ÖMÊ¸$ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö CÁ≥#µyÊ˛$ ı≥ßÊ˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö M>ßÊ˛$. ®VÊ¸$–ö˛ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ BßëƒÊ˝$ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö. {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛ ªÍ≈ÖMÊ¸$ " {ßÊ˛–ö˛≈ –˛${sÏ˝Mä¸' —´ßëØÈ∞≤ EÁ≥ƒÒ˝*WÁ‹$¢Ö®. AÖôË˛Δ>j°ƒÊ˝$ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQØË˛$ MˆØË˛$V¯À$ ‘Ë˝MÏ¸¢ ÃÙ˝ßë Á≥ΔÛˇahÖVä¸ Á≥–ö˛Δäˇ ¥Î«sÏ˝(Ì≥Ì≥Ì≥) AØË˛$Á‹«Ö_ {Á≥Ü ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ –ö˛*ΔÊˇMÊ¸Á≥# —À$–ö˛ÃZMÏ¸ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$Á‹$¢Ö®. ßÛ˛÷ƒÊ˝$ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ ΔÛˇQÀ MÊ¸ÖsÙ˝ ›Î¶∞MÊ¸ BßëƒÊ˝$Ö ôË˛MÊ¸$P–ö˛V> EØË˛≤ –ö˛≈MÊ¸$¢À Á‹ÖQ≈ØË˛$ VÊ¸$«¢Ö^Ë˛yÊ˛Ö M¯Á‹Ö C® gÍ°ƒÊ˝$ VÊ¸ñÁﬂ˝ Á‹ΔÛˇ”ÀØË˛$ EÁ≥ƒÒ˝*WÁ‹$¢Ö®. ■ 1980 ØË˛$Ö_ –ö˛$ØË˛ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸ÖÚ≥O Ì‹¶ΔÊˇ–˛$OØË˛ Á≥#Δ¯VÊ¸Ü ›Î´®Ö_Ö®. ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸Ö ΔÛˇr$ {Á≥ôÛ˛yë® ôË˛VÊ¸$Y–ö˛$$QÖ Á≥yÊ˛$ôË˛* EÖ®. ■ Δ¯kMÏ¸ 1.9 yëÀΔÊˇœ MÊ¸ÖsÙ˝ ôË˛MÊ¸$P–ö˛ BßëƒÊ˝$ ßÛ˛‘ÈÀØË˛$ "°{–ö˛ ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸Ö'V> {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛ ªÍ≈ÖMÊ¸$ ∞ΔÊˇ”_Á‹$¢Ö®. ■ {Á≥Á≥Ö^Ë˛–È≈Á≥¢ÖV> Á‹$–ö˛*ΔÊˇ$ 760 —$ÕƒÊ˝$ØË˛œ –ö˛$Ö® °{–ö˛ ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸Ö AØË˛$øÊ˝—Á‹$¢ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. 1990ÃZ 1.9

®VÊ¸$–ö˛ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ ôË˛ΔÊˇVÊ¸Ü ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ$ AÖV¯ÃÍ, CÖy¯ØÛ˛ÌŸƒÊ˝*, Á≥Á≥#–È ØË˛*≈W∞ƒÊ˝*, ∫ÖV>œßÛ˛‘å˝, M¸ØÈ≈, ÌúÕÔ≥µØå˛ﬁ, øÊ˝*sÍØå˛, ªüŒ—ƒÊ˝*, Mˆ›Î–¯, ›˘À–ö˛$Øå˛ ©–ö˛#À$, {÷ÀÖMÊ¸, MÊ¸ÖªZyÏ˛ƒÊ˝*, ÃÍ–¯ã‹, Á‹$yëØå˛, M>–˛$ΔÊˇ*Øå˛, ›Î”hÃÍÖyä˛, sÏ˝–˛*Δäˇ&ÃÒ˝ı‹t, r$≈±ÌŸƒÊ˝*, –˛*ÃZz–È, E{M¸Δˇ$$Øå˛, Dhã≥t, –ö˛$ÖV¯ÕƒÊ˝*, EgÒ˝æMÏ¸›Î¶Øå˛, GÃå˝ ›ÎÕ”yëΔäˇ, –˛$$Δ>M¯, gÍ«jƒÊ˝*, –ö˛$ƒÊ˝$ØÈ√Δäˇ, —ƒÊ˝$ôÈ≤Ö, Áú$ØË˛, ∞MÊ¸Δ>VÊ¸$–È, –˛ã‹t ªÍ≈ÖMä¸, V>f, Ø˛Oi«ƒÊ˝*, CÖyÏ˛ƒÊ˝*, ¥ÎMÏ¸›Î¶Øå˛.

GVÊ¸$–ö˛ –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ ôË˛ΔÊˇVÊ¸Ü ßÛ˛‘ÈÀ$

AÃÙ˝æ∞ƒÊ˝*, Ìúh, ØË˛“$ºƒÊ˝*, AŒj«ƒÊ˝*, VÛ¸∫Øå˛, A–˛$«MÊ¸Øå˛ Á‹–˛*–È, {V¸ØË˛yë, Á≥Δ>VÛ¸”, AΔÛˇ√∞ƒÊ˝*, Ú≥ΔÊˇ$, V>”sÒ˝–ö˛*À, AfΔäˇ ªÒ˝OgÍØå˛, VÊ¸ƒÊ˝*ØË˛, ΔÊˇ$–Û˛$∞ƒÊ˝*, ªÒ˝ÃÍΔÊˇã‹, CΔ>Øå˛, C›Îœ—$Mä¸ «Á≥ ºœMä¸, ΔÊˇÁŸ≈Øå˛ ÚúyÊ˛ΔÛˇÁŸØå˛, {ªÒ˝hÃå˝, CΔ>Mä¸, ªZÌ‹≤ƒÊ˝*, f–˛$OM>, Ú‹«æƒÊ˝*, gZΔ>zØå˛, ›˚ôÈ{ÌúM>, MÊ¸hMÏ¸›Î¶Øå˛, Ú‹Δˇ$$Öså˝ À*Ì‹ƒÊ˝*, ∫ÃÙ˝Y«ƒÊ˝*, ÃÒ˝∫ØÈØå˛, ^˛OØÈ, ÕºƒÊ˝*, MˆÀÖºƒÊ˝*, –ö˛*Ì‹y¯ ∞ƒÊ˝*, £ëΔˇ$$ÃÍÖyä˛, M¯›Ît«M>, –ö˛$ÃÙ˝ÌŸƒÊ˝*, sZÖV>, MÊ¸*≈ªÍ, –ö˛*Œ™–ö˛#À$, r»P, –ö˛*ΔÊˇ¤Ãå˝ ©–ö˛#À$, ôË˛$ΔäˇP–˛$∞›Î¶Øå˛, yˆ—$∞MÊ¸Øå˛

Δ>{⁄ÎtÀ$ & MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛¥ÎÕôË˛ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ ΔÛˇQ øÍΔÊˇôË˛ «fΔäˇ” ªÍ≈ÖMä¸ –È«¤MÊ¸ ∞–Û˛®MÊ¸ {Á≥M>ΔÊˇÖ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ∞ Δ>{⁄ÎtÀ$, MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ ¥ÎÕôË˛ {¥ÎÖôÈÃZœ ßë«{ßÊ˛≈ΔÛˇQMÊ¸$ ®VÊ¸$ –ö˛ØË˛ EØË˛≤ {Á≥fÀ ‘ÈôË˛Ö. Δ>≈ÖMä¸ Δ>{ÁŸtÖ/ ı≥ßÊ˛«MÊ¸ MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ ¥ÎÕôË˛ ‘ÈôË˛Ö {¥ÎÖôË˛Ö 1 V¯–È 5,09 2 MÛ¸ΔÊˇ‚Ê˝ 7.05 3 Ìﬂ˝–ö˛*^Ë˛Ãå˝{Á≥ßÛ˛‘å˝ 8.06 4 Ì‹MÏ¸PÖ 8.19 5 Á≥ÖgÍªå˝ 8.26 6 BÖ{´ßÊ˛{Á≥ßÛ˛‘å˝ á ô˛ÀÖV>◊˝ 9.20 7 f–ö˛$*√áMÊ¸÷√Δäˇ 10.35

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

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11.16 11.26 11.28 11.87 14.05 14.71 16.63 17.35 18.88 19.98 20.87 20.91 29.43 31.65 31,98

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12 X¯ìyês¡+ 20.10.2018 ôV’≤<äsêu≤<é

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Rectangular table (Three along each longer side and one along each shorter side) Directions (1-5): Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions. Eight persons namely – B, D, H, I, N, P, R and T are sitting around a rectangular table facing the centre but not necessarily in the same order. Three persons are sitting on each longer side and each on the smaller sides. l B is sitting second to the right of R. l P is third to the left of T. l T and H are sitting opposite to each other. l I is diagonally opposite to B. l H is not sitting on any larger side. l Neither P nor T sits adjacent to N.

Q likes Rose flower! (ii)

J Marigold K Hibiscus

Q Water lily Rose

(iii)

Water lily

K Hibiscus

Writer Marigold

G. Shashi Kumar Subject Expert 1. Who sits third to the right of N? 1) P 2) D 3) I 4) T 5) H 2. Based on the given arrangement, four of the following five are similar to each other and hence make a group. Which of the following does NOT belong to the group? 1) P 2) I 3) D 4) R 5) B 3. What is H’s position with respect to T? 1) Second to the right 2) Fourth to the left 3) Third to the right 4) Third to the left 5) Second to the left 4. If in the given arrangement all the people are made to sit in alphabetical order in clockwise direction starting from B, then the position/s of how many people will remain unchanged (excluding B)? 1) One 2) Three 3) None 4) Two 5) More than three 5. Which of the following is TRUE as per the given seating arrangement? 1) N is adjacent to D 2) T is immediate left of I 3) Only two people sit between H and T 4) B is second to the left of P 5) None of the given statements are true

Solutions for 1 to 5 It is given that B sits second to the right of R. I sits diagonally opposite B. T and H are sitting opposite to each other and H is not sitting at any of the longer sides. Hence both T and H sits along the shorter sides of the table. It can be represented as follows.

Rose

IBPS POs Reasoning adjacent to N, N sits between R and B and D sits between I and P. The final arrangement is as follows. I

1. P sits third to the right of N. Choice (1) 2. Except D all sit at equal distances from corners. Choice (3) 3. H sits fourth to the left of T. Choice (2) 4. No one remain unchanged. Choice (3) 5. B sits second to the left of P is true. Choice (4)

Circular facing centre with distribution. T/H

H/T

T/H

H/T

But it is also given that P sits third to the left of T which is not possible in case (ii), hence it is eliminated. In case (i), if T sits to the immediate right of B then R sits third to the left of T but not P. Hence T sits to the immediate left of R and P sits third to the left of T. As neither P nor T sits

Directions (6-10): Study the following information carefully and answer the given questions. J, K, L, M, N, O, P and Q are sitting around a circular table facing the centre. Each one of them like different flowers namely – Daisy, Marigold, Water lily, Rose, Orchid, Hibiscus, Scilla and Bellflower. J sits third to the right of the person who likes Rose. M sits second to the left of P. P is not an immediate neighbour of the person who likes Rose. Only one person between K who likes Hibiscus and the person who likes Rose. The one who likes Waterlily sits third to the right of Hibiscus. Q sits between the persons who likes Waterlily and Marigold. N is not an immediate neighbour of Q. The one who likes Marigold sits third to the right of the person who likes Orchid. Only one person sits between the person likes Scilla and O. N is neither likes Scilla nor likes Daisy. 6. Which of the following is true with respect to

the given seating arrangement? 1) N is an immediate neighbour of the person likes Marigold. 2) N likes Waterlily. 3) The person who likes Orchid is an immediate neighbour of the person who likes Bellflower. 4) The one who likes Rose sits between Q and the person who likes Marigold. 5) The one who likes Hibiscus sits second to the right of the person who likes Rose. 7. Which among the following flowers liked by Q? 1) Scilla 2) Water lily 3) Bellflower 4) Rose 5) Hibiscus 8. What is the position of the person who likes Daisy with respect to the person who likes Bellflower? 1) Immediate to the left 2) Third to the left 3) Second to the right 4) Fourth to the left 5) Second to the left 9. Who sits exactly between the person who likes Waterlily and the person who likes Scilla? 1) L and Q 2) the person who likes Orchid 3) the persons who likes Bellflower and Hibiscus 4) the person who likes Daisy 5) L and the person who likes Rose 10. Who amongst the following likes Orchid? 1) L 2) M 3) N 4) O 5) P

Solutions for 6 to 10 It is given that J sits third to the right of the one who likes Rose. Only one person sits between K who likes Hibiscus and one who likes Rose. Hence K sits either second to the left or second to the right of the one who likes Rose. The one who likes Waterlily sits third to the right of the one who likes Hibiscus. Q sits between the one who likes Waterlily and the one who likes Marigold, it can be shown as follows. (i) J K Hibiscus Marigold

Water lily Q Rose

The one who likes Marigold sits third to the right of the one who likes Orchid, which is not possible in case (ii) hence it is eliminated. M sits second to the left of P and P is not an immediate neighbour of the one who likes Rose, is not a possibility in case (iii) hence it is also eliminated. In case (i), the one who likes Orchid sits opposite the one who likes Rose so that the one who likes Marigold sits third to the right of the one who likes Orchid. M sits second to the left of P. N is not an immediate neighbour of Q, hence N sits to the immediate right of P. It can be shown as follows. P Orchid J

N K Hibiscus Marigold

Q Rose

Water lily

Only one person sits between O and the one who likes Scilla. N likes neither Scilla nor Diasy, Hence J likes Scilla and O sits second to the left of J and likes Waterlily. M likes Diasy and N likes Bellflower, L likes Marigold. The final arrangement is as follows.

Bellflower N

P Orchid J

K Hibiscus L Marigold

Scilla M Diasy

Q Rose

O Water lily

6. The person who likes Orchid is an immediate neighbour of the person who likes Bellflower is true. Choice (3) 7. Q likes Rose flower. Choice (4) 8. The person who likes Diasy sits third to the left of the person who likes Bellflower. Choice (2) 9. M who likes Diasy sits exactly between the one who likes Waterlily and the one who likes Scilla. Choice (4) 10. P likes Orchid. Choice (5)

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ú‡Ú¨Ùvë¯ò°ëÂöËºE û¶ù£ìöËÀ ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ íÆ£ôÂ C ÓÙí£÷ôÂîμªÙæËÀ ÎíÆÃ í£ô¢qûËÂq NêÂ ÏÙçËμöËμÚÛªa÷öËÀ è…›úGLæ©úÃ sÓûËÂÕÐíˆÕè†z Ý°S úˆæx ví£îË¶ø‹öËÚÛª î¦ÚÂÏûËÂ ÏÙæô¢«yu Eô¢yï‡°þ¼hÙC. H ÚÁô¢ªqõª: 1z ÓÙÐè† šúpù£öËÀ Óè[ªu¸Úù£ûËÂ s·ôÙèË¶üŒ‰xz H 2z HÐè† šúpù£öËÀ Óè[ªu¸Úù£ûËÂ s·ôÙèË¶üŒ‰xz H 3z íˆ@ è…ð»x÷« ÏûËÂ ÓKx ÏÙæôÂîËμì{ûËÂ sÖÚÛ Ôè¯Cz H Íô¢|êŸ: ví£ÚÛæìöËº êμLí‡ì NëÅ]ÙÞ¥. H ÷óŸªú£ª: Óö°Ùæ¨ í£JNªA öË¶ë]ª. 35 ÔüŒx öËºí£± Ñìo ÍòÅ¡uô¢ª–öËÚÛª vð§ëÅ¯ìuÙ Ïþ§hô¢ª. H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ô¦êŸí£K¤Û ë¯yô¦. H î¦ÚÂÏûËÂ ê¶C: ÍÚÁdñô¢ª 24 H îË¶CÚÛ: ÓûËÂÕÐíˆÕè† sCî¦uÙÞœáûËÂz, ÷ªûËÁNÚ¥úÃìÞœôÂ, ú‡Ú¨Ùvë¯ò°ëÂ n 500 009, êμöËÙÞ¥é.

îËμòËÀšújæËÀ:

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GæËÀ, îμªvø‹öËº íˆšï°àÂè† vð¼vÞ¥îÂªõª H

îμªvø‹ sô¢ã°ô¢^ÙèÂzöËºE Gô¦x ÏûËÂú‡då«uæËÀ ÎíÆÃ çËμÚ¥oöË@ sGæËÀz ví£ëÅ¯ì vð§ÙÞœéÙêÁð§åª ÏêŸô¢ Nú£hô¢é ¸ÚÙvë¯öËºx wú‡pÙÞÂ šúù£ûËÂ íˆšï°àÂè† ví£îË¶ø‹öËÚÛª ví£ÚÛæì Nè[ªë]öËμjÙC. H wú‡pÙÞÂ šúù£ûËÂ íˆšï°àÂè† ví£îË¶ø‹õª sáì÷J 2019z H Ú¥öË ÷u÷CÅ: û¦õª¸ÞüŒ‰x. H Íô¢|êŸ: ú£ÙñÙCÅêŸ ú£òËμbÚÛªdöËºx ò°u#öËôÂq è…vU, ÷«ú£dôÂq è…vU, ¸ÞæËÀ/ @ð§uæËÀ þ¼\ô¢ª. H ÓÙí‡ÚÛ: ô¦êŸí£K¤Û, ÏÙæô¢«yu ë¯yô¦. H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh: ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ/ ÎíÆÃöËμjûËÂ H ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªh íÆˆV: ô¢«.2950 H ÎûËÂöËμjûËÂ ë]ô¢Ý°ú£ªhÚÛª #÷J ê¶C: ì÷Ùñô¢ª 12 H ï£„ô¢ª“ Ú¥íˆöËìª í£Ùí£è¯EÚ¨ #÷J ê¶C: ì÷Ùñô¢ª 19

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 20  2018 -  

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The concept of hybridisation? CHEMICAL BONDING Continue from Oct 17th �2

�

�� Be � H 2O �4 �� ion contains 4 dative bonds. The bond between ligand and metal atom (or) metal ion in complex compounds is dative bond.

eg: ��Cu � NH3 �4 �� SO4 contains 4 dative bonds. �

� �

�� Ni � H 2O �6 �� Cl2 contains 6 dative bonds. Earlier to account for the octet of the central atom there is a practice of writing dative bonds in the structures of SO2 , SO3, Cl2O6, Cl2O7 , H2SO4, H3PO4 ,

Krupakar pendli

Centre Head Urbane junior colleges

SO42� , PO43� , ClO4� , ClO3� , ClO2� , SO32� etc. ( But as per the modern concepts the dative bonds in the structures of all these examples must be shown as double bonds.) In any anion negative charge is present on more electronegative atom.(except in CN � ion) In any cation positive charge is present on less

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�

� � �

electronegative atom (except in N O ) The total number of covalent bonds and dative bonds made by an atom is known as its covalency eg : Covalency of Nitrogen in NO3– ion is 4. Covalency of sulphur in SO42– ion is 6. Covalency of Oxygen in H3+O ion is 3.

Properties of Coordinate Covalent Compounds

Compounds containing coordinate bonds show melting and boiling points higher than those of pure covalent compounds and lower than those of ionic compounds. Readily soluble in organic solvents and sparingly soluble in water. A coordinate bond acts as a single bond directed in a specific orientation and hence some compounds with coordinate bonds show isomerism. Like covalent compounds, they are also poor conductors.

Molecular Orbital Theory

It was proposed by Hund and Mulliken to explain para magnetic nature of oxygen molecule. The electrons in a molecule are present in various molecular orbitals as the electrons of atoms are present inthe various atomic orbitals Molecular orbitals are formed by linear combination (LCAO) of atomic orbitals of comparable energies and proper symmetry. This means that 1s orbital can combine with another 1s orbital but not with 2s orbital because the energy

INTERMEDIATE s p e c i a l J U N I O R

� 1s 2 � * 1s 2 � 2 s 2 � * 2 s 2 � 2 p 1 x � � 2 p 1 y

it has 2 paired electrons . Hence paramagnetic �

Nitrogen Molecule (N2)

The total number of electrons =14 and filling in molecular orbitals we have � � 2 1s

*2 1s

�

2 2s

�

*2 2s

�� 2 �� 2 �� 2 Px � � 2 Pz �� 22Py �

� Nb � N a � � 10 � 4 � 3

Bond order =

It is diamagnetic

�

Oxygen Molecule (O2)

Total number of electrons =16 and electronic configuration is

�� 12s � 1*2s � 22s � 2*2s � 22Pz �� 22Px � � � 2*1Px � � 2*Pz �� 22Py � �� 2*1Py ��

Bond order =

� Nb � N a � 2

�

10 � 6 �2 2

As shown by electronic configuration the O2 molecule contains two unpaired electrons, hence it is paramagnetic in nature �

O2+ Ion

Total number of electrons (16 - 1) = 15, Electronic configuration 2 1s

*2 1s

2 2s

*2 2s

� � � � �

2 2 Pz

�� 2 �� *1 �� * �� 2 Px � � � 2 Px � � 2 Pz �� 22Py � �� 2*Py ��

10 � 5 � 2.5 2 It is paramagnetic

Bond order=

�

O2– (Super Oxide Ion)

Total number of electrons (16 +1) = 17. Electronic fonguration 2 1s

� �

*2 1s

2 2s

� �

Bond order = paramagnetic

�

*2 2s

�

2 2 Pz

�� 2 �� 2 Px � �� 22Py ��

�� *2 �� * �� 2 Px � � 2 Pz �� 2*1Py ��

� Nb � Na � � 10 � 7 � 1.5 2

Peroxide Ion -(O22–)

It is

Total number of electrons (16 + 2) =18. The

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 20  2018 -  

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   ?   

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�      �� �. .. 1)    �� 2)     �� (�� ��) 3) � 4) � 5) � �� 6)    

  (Overies) �    ��  � ��  �  �. �  �,  � ��  �   �. �  �  ��  �  �. �   ��  ‘ �   ’ .  �  �� �    . �   ��  ����.     , �  . �  �� � , � � �, � ��, � �.   ( ) �    �. �  �� � �   �   � . � � �  � � ��   �  � �� ���   �. �  �� �� � ���. .. ) �� )  )  ()

    �  � �  �� � � � �� �� �. �      � ��   �.     � �.  � �� �� �� � ��  �. �   ��    .  () � � �  ��  � ��   �.  �� . � �� ��  �   �  �  .  (Uterus) � � �� ���, ��  ��, �, ,    � �� �� � �. �  �   � �

     , ,  9989535675 INTERMEDIATE s p e c i a l S E N I O R

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� � ��  .  � � (Cervix) �� � � . � ��  �  �  ��   ��  . �  � � ��  . ..     ( ),    (� ) � �    (� ) � . � �  � �  � �, � �  �  �  � � .

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�   ��  �.   � �  �.   � � �� � � �� .

  (  ) � � ��       �. �  � �  �. �    �  � �.   � �     �  . �     (  � ��)

 � � ��    � � �. �  �  �    � . �     �  ��    .   ( ) � � �  �� �  �  �.    � ��  �. �   �  . ..  ��  � ,  ��  � . � �   (�)  � � � � . �     �  .   � , �   . � �  �   � .  � (�) �.  � � � �. �    ��   �� �� �.   ��,   � �  .     � � ��  (  ),   (  ),    � �     �.   (  ) �  � � � � �

  ��, � �� 

 � �

�.    � �  ��.  � �� ��.

�:      � � � � � � � � �  � � . �   �� � ��  �  � � �  �  �. � �  �� ‘’ ,

�  �� ‘�’  �.  � �  �  �  �� , � �  �    � ���   � ��. �  �  � �� . �    � � .   � � .  � � � � �� �, � � � � �  �. � �� �  �� ��  ( ��)   ��   �   �  .  �� � �� ���  . � � .      � �� ��� ��, �� � � � MTP �  � �. � � ��  ��  �, � � �  �, ��   MTP  .  ��  �   �� �   ��  ��. � �  MTP � �� � ,   1971� MTP  .  ()  (Amniocentisis) �  ( )   ��  ��  �   (  ). �  ��  �  � �� (��� �� � � � � � � ��)    � ��  � �� � �. � �  � �   � ,  �   ��� ‘�’ � � � �. � ���   �� � �,  �,  �,   �     �. �  , � �  � � �  � ��� �   � � � � �� �.

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What will be the age of Bharathi? N. Vinaykumar Reddy Director, IACE, Hyderabad.

Model Questions 1. A pipe can fill a cistern in 6 hours. Due to a leak in its bottom, it is filled in 7 hours. When the cistern is full, in how much time will it be emptied by the leak? a) 42 hours b) 40 hours c) 43 hours d) 45 hours e) None of these 2. Vijay can do a piece of work in 24 days. Rakesh can do the same work in 30 days and Vinod in 40 days. Vijay and Vinod worked for 4 days and handed it to Rakesh. Rakesh worked for some days and handed it again to Vijay and Vinod 6 days before completing the work. For how many days did Rakesh work? a) 5 days b) 10 days c) 8 days d) 6 days e) None of these 3. A box contains 21 balls numbered 1 to 21. A ball is drawn and then another ball is drawn without replacement. What is the probability that both balls are

Key & Solutions 1) a; Total capacity of the tank = LCM of 6 and 7 = 42 liters Now, the pipe can fill the tank at the rate of

42 = 7 liters/hour 6

Both the pipes fill the tank at the rate of

42 = 6 liters/hour 7

∴ The leakage can empty the tank at the rate of (7 − 6) = 1 liter/hour The full tank will become empty by the leakage pipe in 42 = 42 hours 1

2) b; Combined work done by Vijay and Vinod in 4 + 6 days (4 initial days and last 6 days) =

10 10 2 + = 24 40 3

∴ Remaining work =1−

2 1 = 3 3

Rakesh works for

1   × 30  = 10 days 3 

3) c; There are 10 even numbers in the group 1 - 21. ∴ The probability that the first ball is even numbered =

10 21

even numbered?

2 7 5 d) 21

b) 21

3 14

4. Azad invested Rs 55000 in a cosmetic shop for the whole year. After 4 months of Azad, Hind joined him and invested Rs 70000. Next year Azad invested Rs 10000 more and Hind withdrew Rs 10000 and at the end of two years profit earned by Azad is Rs 32375. Find the total profit if they distributed half of the total profit equally and rest in the capital ratio. a) Rs. 89600 b) Rs. 75600 c) Rs. 52800 d) Rs. 62900 e) None of these 5. In a mixture, the ratio of the alcohol and water is 6 : 5. When 22 litre mixture are replaced by water, the ratio becomes 9 : 13. Find the quantity of water after replacement. a) 62 litres b) 50 litres c) 40 litres d) 52 litres e) None of these 6. Virat has Rs. 9000. He gives this money to Mahendra on simple interest and after 4 years received the double amount. If the interest rate is 5% more than the previous, in how many years this Since the ball is not replaced there are now 20 balls left, of which 9 are even numbered ∴ The probability that the second ball is even numbered =

9 20

∴ Required probability =

10 9 9 3 × = = 21 20 42 14

4) d; Azad invested Rs. 55000 for a year and Rs. 65000 for the next year. Hind invested Rs. 70000 for 8 months and Rs. 60000 for the next year. Capital Ratio = 55000 × 12 + 65000 × 12 : 70000 × 8 + 60000 × 12 = 660000 + 780000 : 560000 + 720000 = 1440000 : 1280000 = 9 : 8 Let total profit = Rs. x Azad's profit = x × 50% × 50% + 9 17 x 9x 32375 = 4 + 34 35 x = 32375 68

x × 50% ×

x = 62900 5) d; Let alchohol = 6x, water = 5x According to the question, 6x − 22 ×

IBPS

e) None of these

6 5 : 5x − 22 × + 22 11 11

Clerk Prelims Quantitative Quantitative al i c e Aptitude Aptitude Sp

useful for

All Bank Exams

amount will be doubled? a) 3½ years b) 3 years c) 2½ years d) 31/3 years e) None of these 7. Monika, Neha and Bharathi are three sisters. Monika and Neha are twins. The ratio of sum of the ages of Monika and Neha is same as that of Bharathi alone. Three years earlier the ratio of ages of Monika and Bharathi was 5 : 11. What will be the age of Bharathi 7 years hence? a) 20 years b) 10 years c) 25 years d) 27 years e) None of these 8. Aditya and Bhushan invested 10000 each in scheme A and scheme B respectively for 3 years. Scheme A offers Simple interest @ 12% per annum and scheme B offers compound = 9 : 13 6x − 12 : 5x − 10 + 22 = 9 : 13 13(6x − 12) = 9(5x + 12) 78x − 156 = 45x + 108 78x − 45x = 156 + 108 33x = 264 ⇒ x = 8 Water after replacement = 5 × 8 − 10 + 22 = 40 + 12 = 52 litres 6) d; P×R ×T 100 9000 × R × 4 9000 = 100 S.I. =

R = 25% New rate = 25 + 5 = 30% 9000 = 9000 × 30% × T 1 T = 3 years 3

7) e; Since Monika and Neha are twins so their ages be same. Let their ages be x and and age of Bharathi be y, then, x + x = y ...... (i) and

( x − 3) 5 = (y − 3) 11

⇒ 11x − 33 = 5y − 15 ⇒ 11x − 5y = 18 Now, from equation (i) putting y in terms of x, we get 11x − 10x = 18 ⇒ x = 18 So, the age of Bharathi 7 years hence will be 18 + 18 + 7 = 43 years.

e) None of these

interest @ 10%. After 3 years, who will have larger amount and by how much? a) Aditya, 280 b) Bhushan, 280 c) Adiya, 290 d) Bhushan, 290 e) None of these 9. How many 3 - letter words with or without meaning, can be formed out of the letters of the word, 'LOGARITHMS', if repetition of letters is not allowed? a) 720 b) 420 c) 5040 d) 120 e) None of these 10. Three planets revolve round the Sun once in 200, 250 and 300 days, respectively in their own orbits. When do they all come relatively to the same position as at a certain point of time in their orbits? a) After 3000 days b) After 2000 days c) After 1500 days d) After 1200 days

Directions (Q. No. 11-15): What will come in place of question mark (?) in the following series? 11. 420, 462, 506, 552, 600, ? a) 800 b) 650 c) 725 d) 675 e) None of these 12. 3, 8, 18, 38, 78, ? a) 158 b) 154 c) 150 d) 162 e) 166 13. 5, 15, 33, 57, 85, ? a) 95 b) 105 c) 110 d) 115 e) None of these 14. 8, 4, 6, 15, 52.5, ? a) 230.52 b) 232.52 c) 236.25 d) 234.25 e) None of these 15. 123, 128, 138, 149, 162, ? a) 170 b) 171 c) 180 d) 185 e) None of these

8) c; Lets first calculate the total rate % that Aditya will have after 3 years: As per the question Aditya invested at rate of 12% pa simple interest So, for 3 years tenure he will get = 12 × 3 = 36% And the amount that Bhushan invested at rate of 10% pa compound interest By net% effect formula, we can calculate the total percentage for 3 years tenure = 33.1% (sub details) So, the difference between SI and CI = 36% − 33.1% = 2.9% (SI is more) Here Aditya will get, 2.9% of 10000 = 290 So Aditya will have Rs. 290 more than Bhushan. 9) a; The word "LOGARITHMS'' has 10 different alphabets Hence, the number of 3-letter words (with or without meaning) formed by using these letters = (10P3) = 10 × 9 × 8 = 720 10) a; Given that, three planets revolves the Sun once in 200, 250 and 300 days, respectively in their own orbits. ∴ Required time = LCM of (200,

250 and 300) = 3000 days Hence, after 3000 days they all come relatively to the same position as at a certain point of time in their orbits. 11) b; Series Pattern 20 × 21 = 420; 21 × 22 = 462; 22 × 23 = 506; 23 × 24 = 552; 24 × 25 = 600; 25 × 26 = 650 12) a; Series is + 5; +10; +20; + 40; + 80; ….. i.e. 3+5 = 8; 8 + 10 = 18; 18 + 20 = 38; 38 + 40 = 78; 78 + 80 = 158 13) d; 5 + (1 × 10) = 15; 15 + (2 × 9) = 33; 33 + (3 × 8) = 57; 57 + (4 × 7) = 85; 85 + (5 × 6) = 115 14) c; 8 × 0.5 = 4; 4 × 1.5 = 6; 6 × 2.5 = 15; 15 × 3.5 = 52.5; 52.5 × 4.5 = 236.25 15) a; 123 + (2 + 3) = 128; 128 + (2 + 8) = 138; 138 + (3 + 8) = 149; 149 + (4 + 9) = 162; 162 + (6 + 2) = 170

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