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gÍªå˝ M>ΔÊˇ≤Δäˇ {sÙ˝yä˛ á sÒ˝MÓ¸≤-ÌŸ-ƒÊ˝$-ب˛ A{Ú≥Ö-sÓ˝ã-‹À$ CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$-ب˛ BΔˇ$$Ãå˝ M>Δˆµ-ΔÛˇ-ÁŸ-ب˛ Õ—$-sÒ˝yä˛ (IK-Ô‹-GÃå˝) & {sÙ˝yä˛ á sÒ˝MÓ¸≤-ÌŸ-ƒÊ˝$-ب˛ A{Ú≥Ö-sÓ˝ã-‹À øÊ˝»¢Mϸ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢À$ M¯ΔÊˇ$-ô¯Ö®. ◆ —øÍ-V>-À-–È» R͉À$: {sÙ˝yä˛ A{Ú≥Ö-sÓ˝ã-‹-À$(-–˛$-M>-∞MʸÃå˝ ÌúrtΔäˇ 136, –˛$M>-∞-MʸÃå˝ ªÍΔˇ$$-ÀΔäˇ 62, M¸—$-MʸÃå˝ AsÒ˝Öy˛Öså˝ BÁ≥-ΔÛˇ-rΔäˇ 415), sÒ˝MÓ¸≤- R͉À$ ÌŸ-ƒÊ˝$-ب˛ A{Ú≥Ö-sÓ˝ã‹ (M¸—$MʸÃå˝ 282, –˛$M>-∞-MʸÃå˝ 152, GÀ-Mϸâ-MʸÃå˝ 208, Cب˛-Á‹$â–˛$Ö-sÙ˝-ÁŸ-ب˛ 85) ◆ «ÚúO-Ø˲» ƒÊ˝$*∞r$œ: Vʸ$–ö˛-Áfl˝sÏ˝, ªÒ˝Δ˙∞, Áfl˝Õ™ƒÊ˝*, Vʸ$f-Δ>-ô¨˛, –ö˛$£Ê˛$ΔÊˇ, ¥Î∞-Á≥så˝, ªZÖV¸O-V>-ب˛, ¥ÎΔÊˇ-©ã≥, ®V¯æƒå˝$ ◆ AΔÊˇ·ô˲: {sÙ˝yä˛ A{Ú≥Ö-sÓ˝ã-‹-ÀMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ —øÍ-VʸÖÃZ ΔˇÖyÛ˛‚Ê˝œ IsÓ˝I Á≥N«¢-^Û˛Ì‹ EÖyëÕ ÃÙ˝ßë –ö˛$*yÛ˛‚Ê˝œ ΩGÔ‹fi (–Û˛$£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi, ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—$Ô‹â) E°¢-ΔÊˇ$~ÃÒ˝O EÖyëÕ. sÒ˝MÓ¸≤-ÌŸ-ƒÊ˝$-ب˛ A{Ú≥Ö-sÓ˝ã-‹-ÀMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸ —øÍ-VʸÖÃZ –ö˛$*yÛ˛‚Ê˝œ yÏ˛¥˜œ–ö˛* Á≥N«¢-^Û˛Ì‹ EÖyëÕ. ◆ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ BQΔÊˇ$ ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 9 ◆ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.iocl.com,

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www.iocrefrecruit.in

Ú‹Mʸ*≈-«sÓ˝ AÌ‹-Ú‹tÖr$œ ßÛ˛‘Ë˝-–È≈-Á≥¢ÖV> EØ˲≤ ——´ßÊ˛ CÖsÒ˝-ÕgÒ˝-ب˛fi ∫*≈Δ¯ÃZœ Ú‹Mʸ*≈-«sÓ˝ AÌ‹- R͉À$ Ú‹tÖrœ øÊ˝»¢Mϸ {Á≥Mʸ-rØ˲ —yÊ˛$-ßÊ˛ÃÒ˝OÖ®. ◆ ô˛À$Vʸ$ Δ>⁄Îâ-ÀMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö_ —f-ƒÊ˝$–È-yÊ˛ÃZ 20, ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍ-ßä˛ÃZ 36 R͉À$ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. ◆ AΔÊˇ·ô˲: Á≥߯-ô˲-ΔÊˇ-VÊ¸Ü E°¢-ΔÊˇ~-ô˲-ô¯-¥Îr$ {¥ÎÖ°ƒÊ˝$ øÍÁŸÃZœ Á≥N«¢ Á≥«-gÍqØË˛Ö EÖyëÕ. ◆ GÖÌ≥Mʸ: Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ (rƒÊ˝$Δäˇ 1, rƒÊ˝$Δäˇ 2 Á≥»-ÑʸÀ$), CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈, Á≥ΔÊˇfi-ØÈ-ÕsÓ˝ sÒ˝ã‹t ßë”Δ> ◆ Bب˛-ÃÒ˝O-ب˛ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ BQΔÊˇ$ ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 10 ◆ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.ncs.gov.in

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›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMʸ Ì‹∫æÖ® Ø˲*≈Mϸœ-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ Á≥–ö˛Δäˇ M>Δˆµ-ΔÛˇ-ÁŸ-ب˛ Bãú CÖyÏ˛ƒÊ˝* & ØË˛Δ¯Δ> A◊˝$ —ßÊ˛$≈-ô¨˛ MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛Ö M¯Á‹Ö Mϸ֮ E߯≈-V>À øÊ˝»¢Mϸ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢À$ M¯ΔÊˇ$-ô¯Ö®. ◆ —øÍ-V>-À-–È» E߯≈-V>À$: AÌ‹-Ú‹tÖr$œ 18 (Úfl˝^¨˛-B-Δäˇ 5, Gãú á H 6, Ô‹ AÖyä˛ GÖGÖ R͉À$ 4, Ú‹tد-{V>-ÁúΔäˇ 3), Á‹ªå˝ BÔúÁ‹Δäˇ 1, ŒyÏ˛ÖVä¸ ÚúOΔäˇ-–ö˛$-ب˛ 1, yÓ˛Ô≥-K-Gãú 4, Ø˲ΔÊˇ$fiÀ$ 4, ∏ÎΔ>√-Ì‹ã‹t 1, Á‹tΔˇ$$Ú≥Ö-yÊ˛» [sÒ˝O±À$ 88 (–˛$M>-∞-MʸÃå˝ 9, GÀ-Mϸâ-MʸÃå˝ 7, GÀM>â-∞Mä¸fi 1, BÁ≥-ΔÛˇ-rΔäˇ 14, –˛$Δˇ$$Ö-sÒ˝O-Ø˲Δäˇ 57 (GÀ-MÓ¸â-ÌŸƒÊ˝$-ب˛ 10, Cب˛-Á‹$â-–˛$Ö-sÙ˝-ÁŸ-ب˛ 8, ÌúrtΔäˇ 31, GÀ-M>â-∞Mä¸fi 6, –˛$ÌŸ-∞ã‹t 2) ◆ AΔÊˇ·ô˲: E߯≈-V>∞≤ AØ˲$-Á‹-«Ö_ Á≥߯-ô˲-ΔÊˇ-VÊ¸Ü E°¢-ΔÊˇ~-ô˲ô¯-¥Îr$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ —øÍ-VʸÖÃZ IsÓ˝I ÃÙ˝ßë yÏ˛¥˜œ–ö˛*, CÖrΔäˇ, yÏ˛{X, sÒ˝OÌ≥ÖVä¸ ›Î–ö˛$ΔÊˇ¶≈Ö EÖyëÕ. ◆ GÖÌ≥Mʸ: Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ, Ì‹PÃå˝ sÒ˝ã‹t, CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ B´ßë-ΔÊˇÖV> ◆ Bب˛-ÃÒ˝O-ب˛ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ BQΔÊˇ$ ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 12 ◆ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.npcilcareers.co.in

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ªZ´ßÊ˛ØÈ Ì‹∫æÖ®

C∞-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú Õ–ö˛Δäˇ á ºÕ- R͉À$ ƒÊ˝$» Ú‹Oب˛fi & ——´ßÊ˛ —øÍ-V>ÃZœ ªZ´ßÊ˛ØÈ Ì‹∫æÖ® ∞ƒÊ˝*-–ö˛$-M>∞Mϸ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢À$ M¯ΔÊˇ$ô¯Ö®. ◆ E߯≈-V>-À-–È» R͉À$: {¥˜Úú-Á‹ΔÊˇ$œ 9, Ô‹∞-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ MʸØ˲fiÃÒ˝tÖså˝ 1, AyÏ˛-ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ {¥˜Úú-Á‹ΔÊˇ$œ 4, A›˘-Ì‹-ƒÙ˝$så˝ {¥˜Úú-Á‹ΔÊˇ$œ 6, AÌ‹-Ú‹tÖså˝ {¥˜Úú-Á‹ΔÊˇ$œ 12, MʸØ˲fi-ÃÒ˝tÖ r$œ 2, Úfl˝yä˛ 2, »yÊ˛Δäˇ 1, Ô‹∞-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ ΔˇÌ‹-y˛Ör$œ 19, Ô‹∞ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ ÚúÃZ 1, ÃÒ˝Mʸa-ΔÊˇΔäˇ 2, yÏ˛Á≥N≈sÓ˝ –Û˛$ØÛ˛-fΔäˇ 3, `ãú sÒ˝Mϸ≤-MʸÃå˝ GWj-Mʸ*≈-sÏ˝–í˛ 1, Ô‹∞-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ {sÍب˛fi-¥ÎœÖ-så˝ M¯ B«z-ØÛ˛-rΔäˇ 2, ΔˇÌ‹-y˛Öså˝ –˛$yÏ˛-MʸÃå˝ BÔú-Á‹Δäˇ 8 ◆ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ BQΔÊˇ$ ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 30 ◆ Á≥N«¢ Á‹–ö˛*-^ÈΔÊˇÖ M¯Á‹Ö –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝ ^˲*yÊ˛-–ö˛^˲$a ◆ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.ilbs.in

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l∞ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ »Ú‹Δäˇa ÚúÃZÀ$ yÏ˛Úú-ب˛fi »Ú‹Δäˇa á y˛–ö˛-Àã-≥-–˛$Öså˝ BΔÊˇY-Ø˛O-gÙ˝-ÁŸ-ب˛ (yÓ˛B-Δäˇ-yÓ˛K)& Mϸ֮ R͉À$ ƒÊ˝$*∞-rœÃZ l∞-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ »Ú‹Δäˇa ÚúÃZÀ øÊ˝»¢Mϸ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇRÍ-Á‹$¢À$ M¯ΔÊˇ$-ô¯Ö®. ◆ Á≥#◊Ò˝ ƒÊ˝$*∞-så˝-ÃZ∞ R͉À$: 8 ◆ —øÍ-V>-À-–È» R͉À$: –˛$M>-∞-MʸÃå˝ 2, GÀ-Mϸâ-MʸÃå˝ 4 GÀ-M>â-∞Mä¸fi 2, MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ 2, –˛$sÓ˝-«-ƒÊ˝$Ãå˝ Ú‹Oب˛fi/ ¥ÎÕ-–ö˛$Δäˇ Ú‹Oب˛fi sÒ˝M>≤-Ài 1/ sÒ˝Œ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸ-ب˛ CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸ 1 ◆ ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍ-ßä˛-ÃZ∞ ÚflO˝ GØ˲»j Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$fi AÖyä˛ Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ & »Ú‹Δäˇa A›˘-Ì‹-ƒÙ˝$så˝á gÙ˝B-Δäˇ-Gã-úÀ øÊ˝»¢Mϸ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ◆ R͉À$: 7 Á‹$¢À$ M¯ΔÊˇ$-ô¯Ö®. ◆ —øÍ-V>-À-–È» R͉À$: gÙ˝B-Δäˇ-Gãú (MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ Ú‹Oب˛fi / IsÓ˝ / GÀ-M>â-∞Mä¸fi áMʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸ-ب˛ 2, ÌúhMä¸fiá AÁ≥œ-Δˇ$$yä˛ ÌúhMä¸fi 2, –˛$M>-∞-MʸÃå˝ 1), »Ú‹Δäˇa A›˘-Ì‹ƒÙ˝$-så˝ (-Ìú-hMä¸fi á AÁ≥œ-Δˇ$$yä˛ ÌúhMä¸fi) 2 ◆ AΔÊˇ·ô˲: gÙ˝B-Δäˇ-Gã-ú-ÀMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ —øÍ-VʸÖÃZ {Á≥£Ê˛–ö˛$ {‘Û˝◊Ï˝ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P-Àô¯ ºD / ΩsÒ˝Mä¸ E°¢-ΔÊˇ$~ÃÒ˝O EÖyëÕ. –È≈Õyä˛ Ø˛så˝ / VÛ¸så˝ ›˘PΔÊˇ$ ¥˜Ö® EÖyëÕ. ÃÙ˝ßë Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ —øÍ-VʸÖÃZ Ô≥i Á≥N«¢^Û˛Ì‹ EÖyëÕ. »Ú‹Δäˇa A›˘-Ì‹-ƒÙ˝$-så˝Mʸ$ Ô≥Úfl˝-^¨˛-yÓ˛ Á≥N«¢-^Û˛Ì‹ EÖyëÕ ◆ –ö˛ƒÊ˝$Á‹$: gÙ˝B-Δäˇ-Gã-ú-ÀMʸ$ 28 H‚Ê˝ìœ —$Ö^˲-Mʸ*-yÊ˛ßÊ˛$. »Ú‹Δäˇa A›˘-Ì‹-ƒÙ˝$-så˝Mʸ$ 35 H‚Ê˝ìœ —$Ö^˲-Mʸ*-yÊ˛ßÊ˛$ ◆ GÖÌ≥Mʸ: CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ ßë”Δ> ◆ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ BQΔÊˇ$ ôÛ˛©: Á≥#◊Ò˝ ƒÊ˝$*∞-så˝Mʸ$ Ø˲–ö˛Ö∫ΔÊˇ$ 9, ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ ƒÊ˝$*∞-så˝Mʸ$ Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 11 ◆ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.drdo.gov.in

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›˘–ö˛$–ÈΔÊˇÖ 22 AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ 2018

∫ƒÒ˝* Ú‹OØå˛fi, ÃÒ˝Oãú Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ ΔÊˇÖV>ÃZœ CÃå˝Ø˛ã‹ Ø˲$Ö_ –˛Ãå˝-Ø˛ã‹ ®‘Ë˝V> Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛-Ø˲À$ FÁ≥Ö-ßÊ˛$-Mʸ$-ØÈ≤Δˇ$$. ——´ßÊ˛ –È≈´ßÊ˛$À ∞–ÈΔÊˇ-◊˝Mʸ$ EÁ≥-ƒÒ˝*-WÖ^Û˛ –È≈MϸfiØ˲$œ, A´®Mʸ Eô˲µ-Ü¢∞ C^Û˛a —ô˲¢-ØÈÀ$, ô˛Vʸ$-‚Ê˝œØ˲$ ô˲r$tMʸ$ØÛ˛ –ö˛ÖVʸ-yë-ÀØ˲$ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö-®Ö-^˲yÊ˛Ö –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ M>ΔÊˇ≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-¥ÎÀ$ MˆØ˲-›Î-Vʸ$-ô˲$ØÈ≤Δˇ$$. AßÛ˛ Á‹–ö˛$-ƒÊ˝$ÖÃZ Cô˲ΔÊˇ Á‹ªÒ˝j-Mʸ$tÀ –ö˛*®-«-V>ØÛ˛ ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMʸ ΔÊˇÖVÊ¸Ö {Á≥øÍ–ö˛Ö i–ö˛-‘È-›àÎÀ Á‹”øÍ-–È∞≤ Mʸ*yë –ö˛*ΔÛˇaÌ‹Ö®. gÒ˝Ø˛-sÏ˝Mä¸ CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸, ∏˘Δˇ-∞fiMä¸ Ú‹Oب˛fi, Á≥Δ>≈-–ö˛-ΔÊˇ◊˝Ö, –È≈´ßÊ˛$-ÀÚ≥O Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲À$ ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$-Ø˲ÖÃZ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$µÀ$ °Á‹$-Mˆ-Á‹$¢-ØÈ≤Δˇ$$. D ØÛ˛Á≥£Ê˛≈ÖÃZ ∫ƒÒ˝* Ú‹OØå˛fiÃZ {Á≥–ö˛$$Q Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ÃZœ Ô≥i, Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÃZœ {Á≥–Û˛-‘È-∞Mϸ “À$ MʸյÖ^Û˛ gÍΔˇ$$Öså˝ {V>yÊ˛$≈-ƒÙ˝$så˝ GÖ{sÒ˝Øå˛fi GV>j-—$-ØÛ˛-ÁŸØå˛ ÁúΔäˇ ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài AÖyä˛ CÖrΔäˇ yÏ˛Ì‹-Ì≥œ-Ø˲» ÃÒ˝Oãú Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ (gÙ˝i-DD-Ω-I-G-Ãå˝-Gã‹) & 2019 دsÏ˝-Ìú-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ –˛À$-–ö˛-yÏ˛Ö®. B —–ö˛-Δ>-ÀØ˲$ ^˲*ßë™Ö..

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ƒÒ˝* Ú‹OØå˛fiÃZ Á‹–ö˛$$-Ø˲≤ô˲ M¸»-ΔäˇØ˲$ M¯ΔÊˇ$-Mʸ$ØÛ˛ –È«Mϸ EÁ≥-ƒÒ˝*-Vʸ-Á≥yÛ˛ Á≥»-ÑʸÃZœ gÙ˝i-D-D-Ω-I-G-Ãå˝Gã‹ JMʸsÏ˝. ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ ∫ƒÒ˝*-ÃÍ-hMʸÃå˝ Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ (sÍsÍ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú ÁúÖyÊ˛-–˛$Ö-rÃå˝ »Ú‹Δäˇa) & ªÒ˝ÖVʸ-‚Ê˝îΔÊˇ$, D Á≥»Ñʸ ªÍ´ßÊ˛≈-ô˲-ÀØ˲$ Á‹–ö˛$-Ø˲”ƒÊ˝$Ö ^Û˛Á‹$¢Ö®. ∫ƒÒ˝* Ú‹OØå˛fiMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö-_Ø˲ {Á≥Ü-⁄Ît-ô˲√Mʸ Á≥»ÑʸÃZœ JMʸ-sÏ˝V> gÙ˝i-D-D-Ω-I-G-Ãå˝-Gã-‹Ø˲$ Á≥«-Vʸ-◊Ï˝-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. D Á≥»Ñʸ ßë”Δ> ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ –È≈Á≥¢ÖV> EØ˲≤ 20Mϸ Ú≥OV> {Á≥–ö˛$$Q Á≥«‘Z-´ßÊ˛-ØÈ-À-ƒÊ˝*À$, —ßë≈ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ÃZœ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö À¿-Á‹$¢Ö®.

ÃÒ˝Oãú Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ÃZ

ÃÒ˝Oãú C^Û˛a M¯ΔÊˇ$fi-À$ ÚúÃZã‹ (gÙ˝B-Δäˇ-Gãú) ØÛ˛ΔÊˇ$V> D M¯ΔÊˇ$fi M¯Á‹Ö «h-{ı‹t-ÁŸØå˛ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ÈÕ. D M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÃZ ^Û˛«Ø˲ –È«Mϸ sÍsÍ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú ÁúÖyÊ˛-–˛$Ö-rÃå˝ »Ú‹Δäˇa & –ö˛$$ÖªÒ˝O ı≥«r yÏ˛{X∞ {Á≥ßëØË˛Ö ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

Á≥»Ñʸ CÃÍ ➠

M¯ΔÊˇ$fi-Õ–Û˛ –ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi, ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—${Ô‹t, ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài, MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ AÖyä˛ Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$ Ú‹OØå˛fiMϸ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö_ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, GÖGÔ‹fi ªÒ˝O »Ú‹Δäˇa, GÖGÔ‹fi (–˛OÃå˝z ÃÒ˝Oãú ∫ƒÊ˝*Ài AÖyä˛ MʸØ˲j-ΔÛˇ”-ÁŸØå˛).

AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ➠

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Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛: ªÙ˝Ì‹Mä¸ Ú‹OØå˛fiÃZ –ö˛*Á‹tΔäˇfi yÏ˛{X (AÖsÙ˝ GÖGÔ‹fi & ÌúhMä¸fi / M¸—${Ô‹t / ∫ƒÊ˝*-À-iÃZ Hß˛OØÈ {ªÍÖ^å˛) ÃÙ˝ßë GÖ∏Î-ΔÊˇ√Ô‹ / GÖsÒ˝Mä¸ / GÖΩ-Ω-Gã‹ / ΩyÓ˛-Gã‹ / Hß˛OØÈ {¥˜Úú-ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ yÏ˛{X. GÖGÔ‹fi / CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛: ªÙ˝Ì‹Mä¸ Ú‹OØå˛fiÃZ ªÍ≈_-ÀΔäˇfi yÏ˛{X (AÖsÙ˝ ΩG-Ô‹fi & ÌúhMä¸fi / M¸—${Ô‹t / ∫ƒÊ˝*-À-iÃZ Hß˛OØÈ {ªÍÖ^å˛) ÃÙ˝ßë Ω∏Î-ΔÊˇ√Ô‹ / ΩsÒ˝Mä¸ / ΩD / Ω“-GÔ‹fi / Hß˛OØÈ {¥˜Úú-ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ yÏ˛{X. MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ AÖyä˛ Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$fi Ú‹OØå˛fi: ΩsÒ˝Mä¸ / ΩD / GÖsÒ˝Mä¸ / GÖD / GÖÔ‹H / GÖGÔ‹fi (MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ Ú‹OØå˛fi / GÀ-{M>t-∞Mä¸fi AÖyä˛ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛fi CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸ / GÀ-{Mϸt-MʸÃå˝ CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸ / Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ {ªÍÖ^å˛À$). {Á≥Ü-øÍ-–ö˛Ö-ô˲$-ÃÒ˝OØ˲ Cô˲ΔÊˇ Á‹ªÒ˝j-Mä¸tÀ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ Mʸ*yë AΔÊˇ$·ÃÙ˝.

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Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ, CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ, CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ B´ßë-ΔÊˇÖV> {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö Mʸյ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

–ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛$V> ßÛ˛‘Ë˝-–È≈-Á≥¢ÖV> ∞ΔÛˇ™-’Ö-_Ø˲ MÛ¸Ö{ßëÃZœ BØå˛-ÃÒ˝O-Øå˛ÃZ Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-ÑʸØ˲$ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö_Ø˲ –È«Mϸ ô˲ΔÊˇ-–ÈÜ ßÊ˛‘Ë˝ÃZ CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ EÖr$Ö®. –ö˛^Û˛a Hyë® Ìú{∫-–ö˛« / –ö˛*«a Ø˲$Ö_ D CÖr-ΔÊˇ*”≈-ÀØ˲$ ^Û˛Á≥yÊ˛-ôÈΔÊˇ$. Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ ›Î´®Ö-_Ø˲ ›˘PΔäˇØ˲$ gÙ˝i-D-D-Ω-IG-Ãå˝-Gã-‹ÃZ ¥ÎÃüYÖ-r$Ø˲≤ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-så˝À$ Á≥«-Vʸ-◊˝-Ø˲-ÃZMϸ °Á‹$-Mʸ$Ö-sÍΔˇ$$. M>∫sÏ˝t gÙ˝i-D-D-Ω-I-G-Ãå˝-Gã-‹ÃZ AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö-_Ø˲ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ BƒÊ˝* CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-så˝-ÀMʸ$ –Û˛ΔÛˇ”-ΔÊˇ$V> ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍÁ‹$¢ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ÈÕfi EÖr$Ö®. AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ GÖGÔ‹fi & –˛OÃå˝z ÃÒ˝Oãú ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài AÖyä˛ MʸØ˲j-ΔÛˇ”-ÁŸØå˛ M¯ΔÊˇ$fiMʸ$ D Hyë® Á≥»ÑʸØ˲$ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝Ö-^˲yÊ˛Ö ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$. yÏ˛¥Î-Δäˇt-–˛$Öså˝ Bãú Ú‹OØå˛fi á sÒ˝M>≤-Ài ÃÙ˝ßë yÏ˛¥Î-Δäˇt-–˛$Öså˝ Bãú ∫ƒÒ˝*-sÒ˝-M>≤-Ài l∞ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ »Ú‹Δäˇa

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Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ BªÒ˝j-Mϸt–í˛ ΔÊˇ*Á≥ÖÃZ GÖ^˲$-Mʸ$Ø˲≤ Á‹ªÒ˝j-Mä¸tØ˲$ ∫sÏ˝t –Û˛ΔÛˇ”-ΔÊˇ$V> EÖr$Ö®. ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài ı≥Á≥-ΔäˇÃZ –ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi, ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—${Ô‹t, ∫ƒÊ˝*-À-i-À-ÃZ∞ {¥Î£Ê˛—$Mʸ øÍ–ö˛-Ø˲-ÀØ˲$ Á≥»-Ñϸ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ Ú‹OØå˛fi, –ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi, ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—$-{Ô‹t-ÀÃZ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ BƒÊ˝* Á‹ªÒ˝j-Mä¸t-ÀMʸ$ –ö˛*{ô˲–Û˛$ Á≥«-—$-ô˲-–ö˛$-–ö˛#-ôÈΔˇ$$. {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À MϸœÁŸtô˲ ΩGÔ‹fi, GÖGÔ‹fi ›Î¶Δˇ$$ÃZ EÖr$Ö®. Ì‹À-∫ã‹, –ö˛*®« / Vʸô˲ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤-Á≥-{ôÈ-ÀØ˲$ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝ Ø˲$Ö_ y˙Øå˛ÃZyä˛ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛^˲$a. Ìúh-Mä¸fiÃZ –ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$, Ø˲*≈–ö˛$-«-MʸÃå˝ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. “sÏ˝ÃZœ –ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤ÀMʸ$ 3 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$, Ø˲*≈–ö˛$-«-MʸÃå˝ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤-ÀMʸ$ 5 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P À$ C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Ø˛W-sÏ˝–í˛ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ Mʸ*yë EØÈ≤Δˇ$$.

–ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤ÃZœ {Á≥Ü ô˲Á≥#µ-Ø˲Mʸ$ 1 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P M¯ô˲ —´®-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

M¸—$-{Ô‹tÃZ 40 –ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. {Á≥Ü {Á≥‘Ë˝≤Mʸ$ 3 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$. Á‹–ö˛*-´ßë-ØÈ-ÀØ˲$ Vʸ$«¢Ö-^˲yë-∞Mϸ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ VʸÖrÀ Á‹–ö˛$ƒÊ˝$Ö C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Ø˛W-sÏ˝–í˛ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ Mʸ*yë EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. {Á≥Ü ô˲Á≥#µ-Ø˲Mʸ$ 1 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P M¯ô˲ —´®-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. ∫ƒÊ˝*-À-iÃZ Á≥N«¢V> –ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ –ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi, ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài, ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—$-{Ô‹tÀ Ø˲$Ö_ 15 {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À ^ˆÁ≥#µØ˲ C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ AÖyä˛ Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$fi Ú‹OØå˛fiÃZ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ øÍV>À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. ¥ÎΔäˇt&G MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ, Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$fi Ú‹OØå˛fi —ßë≈ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ E–ö˛$√-yÏ˛V> EÖr$Ö®. ¥ÎΔäˇt&º MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ Ú‹OØå˛fi, ¥ÎΔäˇt&Ì‹ Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$fi Ú‹OØå˛fi —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ EßÛ˛™-’Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. –˛$$ô˲¢Ö C^Û˛a {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ 30. CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ ¥ÎΔäˇt&-GÃZ 15, ¥ÎΔäˇt&º / Ì‹ÃZ 15 {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ AyÊ˛$-Vʸ$-ôÈΔÊˇ$. Á‹–ö˛*´ßë-ØÈ-ÀØ˲$ Vʸ$«¢Ö-^˲-yë-∞Mϸ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ VʸÖrÀ Á‹–ö˛$ƒÊ˝$Ö C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. {Á≥Ü {Á≥‘Ë˝≤Mʸ$ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$. Ø˛W-sÏ˝–í˛ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ Mʸ*yë EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. {Á≥Ü ô˲Á≥#µ-Ø˲Mʸ$ 1 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P M¯ô˲ —´®-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

–ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝-Mä¸fiÃZ 40 {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. “sÏ˝ÃZœ 25 {r* BΔäˇ ∏ÎÃå˝fi {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$, —$VʸôÈ 15 –ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$. Á‹–ö˛*-´ßë-ØÈ-ÀØ˲$ Vʸ$«¢Ö-^˲-yë-∞Mϸ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ VʸÖrÀ Á‹–ö˛$ƒÊ˝$Ö C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. {Á≥Ü {Á≥‘Ë˝≤Mʸ$ 1 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P. Ø˛W-sÏ˝–í˛ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ Mʸ*yë EØÈ≤Δˇ$$. {Á≥Ü ô˲Á≥#µ-Ø˲Mʸ$ 1 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P M¯ô˲ —´®-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö ¥˜Ö®Ø˲ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ ΔÊˇ*Á≥ÖÃZ {¥˘ô˲fiÁfl˝Ö À¿-Á‹$¢Ö®. Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ Ô≥Úfl˝^å˛yÓ˛ M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÀ$ HsÍ BVʸÁ‹$t 1Ø˲ {¥ÎΔÊˇÖ-øÊ˝-–ö˛$-–ö˛#ôÈΔˇ$$. Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛-yÓ˛ÃZ ^Û˛«Ø˲ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ Ø˛ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 25 –Û˛À ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ À¿-

15

Á‹$¢Ö®. «h-{ı‹t-ÁŸØå˛ ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ Ø˛ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 28 –Û˛À$ AÖßÊ˛$ôÈΔˇ$$. CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ Á‹Ö–ö˛ô˲fi-ΔÊˇÖÃZ Ø˛ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 16 –Û˛À$, —$VʸôÈ ØÈÀ$-VÛ¸-‚Ê˝œÃZ Ø˛ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 25 –Û˛À ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛-yÓ˛Mϸ «h-{ı‹t-ÁŸØå˛ ^Û˛Á‹$-Mʸ$ÖsÙ˝ ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ –˛$$ôÈ¢∞≤ ΔÊˇ*. 28 –Û˛ÀMʸ$ Ú≥Ö^˲$ôÈΔÊˇ$. GÖGÔ‹fi M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÀ$ lÃÒ˝O 1Ø˲ –˛$$ßÊ˛-À-–ö˛#-ôÈΔˇ$$. Ô≥Úfl˝^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀØ˲$ ØÈ–ö˛$-–ö˛*-{ô˲Á≥# ´ÔúkMÛ¸ ‡Á‹tÃå˝ ›˚Mʸ-Δ>≈∞≤ Mʸյ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. GÖGÔ‹fi (∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài) —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ Ø˛ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 16 –Û˛À ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ AÖßÊ˛-gÙ˝-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

GÖGÔ‹fi (–˛OÃå˝z ÃÒ˝Oãú ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài á MʸØ˲j-ΔÛˇ”-ÁŸØå˛) —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀMʸ$ Ø˛ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 12 –Û˛À ÚúÃZ-ÌŸã≥ ^˛Õœ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

VÛ¸så˝ô¯ ØÛ˛ΔÊˇ$V> Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$ Ú‹OØå˛fi, ∫ƒÊ˝*-À-iÃZ Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-Ñʸô¯ ∞—$ô˲¢Ö ÃÙ˝Mʸ$Öyë VÛ¸så˝ ({V>yÊ˛$≈-ƒÙ˝$så˝ BÌ≥t-r*≈yä˛ sÒ˝ã‹t CØå˛ CÖf-±«ÖVä¸) ›˘PΔäˇ B´ßë-ΔÊˇÖV> Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÃZ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö Mʸյ›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$ Ú‹OØå˛fiMʸ$ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö_ VÛ¸så˝ GÀ-{Mϸt-MʸÃå˝, GÀ-{M>t∞Mä¸fi AÖyä˛ Mʸ–ö˛$*≈-∞-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ CÖf-±-«ÖVä¸, –ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi ı≥Á≥ΔÊˇœÃZ 2017&19 –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ ∞ΔÛˇ™-’Ö-_Ø˲ —´ßÊ˛ÖV> AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö_ EÖyëÕ. VÛ¸så˝ GM>-Ài, G–ö˛-À*≈-ÁŸØå˛ ı≥Á≥-ΔÊˇœÃZ 2017 & 19 –ö˛$´ßÊ˛≈ AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö-_Ø˲ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài M¯ΔÊˇ$fi M¯Á‹Ö ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍÁ‹$¢ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛^˲$a. CÖßÊ˛$Mʸ$ A–ö˛-Á‹-ΔÊˇ-–˛$OØ˲ –˛ªå˝Ú‹Oså˝ ÕÖMä¸ 2019, Ìú{∫-–ö˛« 5 Ø˲$Ö_ AÖßÊ˛$-ªÍ-r$-ÃZMϸ –ö˛Á‹$¢Ö®. VÛ¸så˝ ÁúÕ-ôÈÀ$ {Á≥Mʸ-sÏ˝Ö-_Ø˲ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ –ÈΔ>-ÃZœÁ≥# D –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝ ßë”Δ> ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍÁ‹$¢ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ÈÕ.

VÛ¸så˝ / gÒ˝ã‹t / Ø˛så˝ô¯ Mʸ*yë Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-Ñʸô¯ ∞—$ô˲¢Ö ÃÙ˝Mʸ$Öyë Mˆ∞≤ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-så˝À$ ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—${Ô‹t, ∫ƒÊ˝*-À-iÃZœ VÛ¸så˝ / gÒ˝ã‹t (gÍΔˇ$$Öså˝ GÖ{sÒ˝Øå˛fi {Ô‹P∞ÖVä¸ sÒ˝ã‹t) / Ø˛så˝ Á≥»-ÑʸÀ ›˘PΔäˇ B´ßë-ΔÊˇÖV> Mʸ*yë {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö Mʸյ-›Î¢Δˇ$$. A—.. sÍsÍ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú ÁúÖyÊ˛-–˛$Ö-rÃå˝ »Ú‹Δäˇa& –ö˛$$ÖªÒ˝O, ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ B{›˘t-Ìú-hMä¸fi& Á≥#◊Ò˝, ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ ∫ƒÒ˝*-ÃÍ-h-MʸÃå˝ Ú‹OØ˛Ofiã‹ & ªÒ˝ÖVʸ-‚Ê˝îΔÊˇ$, CÖr-ΔÛˇ≤-ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ •»-sÏ˝-MʸÃå˝ Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ & ªÒ˝ÖVʸ-‚Ê˝îΔÊˇ$, sÓ˝I-Gã-ú-BΔäˇ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ CÖrΔäˇ yÏ˛Ì‹-Ì≥œ-Ø˲» Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ & ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛. BƒÊ˝* Á‹ÖÁ‹¶À –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Orœ ßë”Δ> Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®ô˲ Á‹–ö˛*-^È-Δ>∞≤ ô˛À$-Á‹$-M¯-–ö˛^˲$a.

Gد≤ A–ö˛-M>-‘ÈÀ$ Á‹ñf-ØÈ-ô˲√-Mʸô˲, —Ø˲*ô˲≤ BÃZ-^˲-Ø˲-Àô¯ Ø˲*ô˲Ø˲ B—-ÁŸP-ΔÊˇ◊˝À$ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝*-À-Ø˲$-Mʸ$ØÛ˛ –È«Mϸ ^˲MʸP∞ A–ö˛-M>‘Ë˝Ö gÙ˝i-D-D-ΩI-G-Ãå˝-Gã‹. D Á≥»Ñʸ {ßë”Δ> {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö ¥˜Ö®Ø˲ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶ÀMʸ$ ô˲–ö˛$ M¸»-ΔäˇØ˲$ Aô˲$≈-Ø˲≤-ô˲ÖV> °«a-®-ßÊ˛$™-Mʸ$-ØÛ˛Ö-ßÊ˛$Mʸ$ {Á≥Á≥Ö-^˲-›Î¶Δˇ$$ ›˚Mʸ-Δ>≈À$ AÖßÊ˛$-ªÍ-r$ÃZ EÖsÍΔˇ$$.

—ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ {¥ÎMϸt-MʸÃå˝ Á≥«-gÍq-ØÈ∞≤ Ú≥Ö^Û˛ —´ßÊ˛ÖV> M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÀ Mʸ*ΔÊˇ$µ EÖr$Ö®. —ßë≈«¶ GÖ^˲$-Mʸ$Ø˲≤ ΔÊˇÖVʸÖ-ÃZ∞ Aô˲$≈Ø˲≤-ô˲-–˛$OØ˲ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ÃZ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö Mʸյ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ {¥ÎgÒ˝Mä¸t –ö˛ΔäˇP, B«t-MʸÃå˝ ΔˇOsÏ˝ÖVä¸, ›˘ÌŸ-ƒÒ˝*-sÒ˝Ãå˝ {¥˘{V>–í˛$, Á≥«‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲, B—-ÁŸP-ΔÊˇ◊˝ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ M>ΔÊˇ≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-¥Î-ÀMʸ$ Ú≥ßÊ˛™ Ô≥r –Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. ßÛ˛‘Ë˝ÖÃZ Á≥«-‘Z-´ßÊ˛Ø˲ M>ΔÊˇ≈-Mʸ-ÃÍ-¥Î-ÀMʸ$ {¥Î–ö˛*-◊Ï˝MʸÖV> ∞Õ^Û˛ ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ ÃÙ˝ªü-ΔÛˇ-r-»-ÀÃZ Á≥∞ ^Û˛ı‹ A–ö˛-M>‘Ë˝Ö À¿-Á‹$¢Ö®.

sÓ˝I-Gã-ú-BΔäˇ {V>yÊ˛$≈-ƒÙ˝$så˝ Á‹*PÃå˝ AyÏ˛√-ÁŸØå˛fi

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ßÛ˛‘Ë˝Ö-ÃZ∞ {Á≥RÍ≈ô˲ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-så˝-ÀÃZ sÍsÍ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú ÁúÖyÊ˛-–˛$Ö-rÃå˝ »Ú‹Δäˇa (sÓ˝I-Gã-ú-BΔäˇ) JMʸsÏ˝. {Á≥–ö˛$$Q ‘ÈÁ‹à-–Û˛ô˲¢ ÁflZ“$ ªÍªÍ ßëΔÊˇÿ-∞-Mʸ-ô˲”ÖÃZ D Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ ΔÊˇ*Á≥#-®-ßÊ˛$™-Mʸ֮. D CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈-så˝Mʸ$ yÓ˛–í˛$z ƒÊ˝$*∞-–ö˛-«fisÓ˝ ÁflZßë EÖ®. D Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ÃZ AyÏ˛√-ÁŸØ˲œ M¯Á‹Ö Ú≥ßÊ˛™ Gô˲$¢Ø˲ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ ¥˘sÓ˝ Á≥yÊ˛$-ô˲$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$. sÓ˝I-Gã-ú-BΔäˇ ô˲Ø˲ AØ˲$-∫Ö´ßÊ˛ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶ÃZœ ——´ßÊ˛ M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÃZœ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö M¯ØË˛Ö ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝Ö^Û˛ {V>yÊ˛$≈-ƒÙ˝$så˝ Á‹*PÃå˝ AyÏ˛√-ÁŸØå˛fi (iGã‹)& 2019Mϸ Mʸ*yë دsÏ˝-Ìú-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ –˛À$-–ö˛-yÏ˛Ö®. ©∞ ßë”Δ> {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö MʸյÖ^Û˛ M¯ΔÊˇ$fiÀ$..

■ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ & GÖGÔ‹fi Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ (–ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝Mä¸fi) ■ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ & GÖGÔ‹fi Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, GÖGÔ‹fi (∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài) ■ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ & GÖGÔ‹fi Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ (ÌúhMä¸fi) ■ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ (MʸÖÁ≥N≈-rΔäˇ AÖyä˛ Ì‹Á‹t–í˛$fi Ú‹OØå˛fi) ■ Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛, CÖsÏ˝-{VÛ¸-sÒ˝yä˛ & GÖGÔ‹fi Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ (M¸—${Ô‹t) Ô≥Úfl˝-^å˛yÓ˛ (Ú‹OØå˛fi GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛) ■ {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö: Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ, CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ B´ßë-ΔÊˇÖV> {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö Mʸյ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. –ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛$V> ßÛ˛‘Ë˝–È≈-Á≥¢ÖV> ∞ΔÛˇ™-’Ö-_Ø˲ MÛ¸Ö{ßëÃZœ BØå˛-ÃÒ˝O-Øå˛ÃZ Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-ÑʸØ˲$ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Ìfl˝-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö-_Ø˲ –È«Mϸ ô˲ΔÊˇ-–ÈÜ ßÊ˛‘Ë˝ÃZ CÖrΔÊˇ*”≈ EÖr$Ö®. –ö˛^Û˛a Hyë® Ìú{∫-–ö˛« / –ö˛*«a Ø˲$Ö_ D CÖr-ΔÊˇ*”≈-ÀØ˲$ ^Û˛Á≥-yÊ˛-ôÈΔÊˇ$. Δ>ô˲ Á≥»-Ñʸô¯ ∞—$ô˲¢Ö ÃÙ˝Mʸ$Öyë VÛ¸så˝/ gÒ˝ã‹t/ Ø˛så˝ ›˘PΔäˇ ßë”Δ> Mʸ*yë {Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö Mʸյ-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

■ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ _–ö˛« ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 15, 2018.

■ ‡Ãå˝ sÏ˝M¸rœ y˙Øå˛-ÃZ-yÏ˛ÖVä¸: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 22, 2018.

■ Á≥»Ñʸ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Áfl˝◊˝ ôÛ˛©: yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 9, 2018.

■ ô˛À$Vʸ$ Δ>{⁄ÎtÃZœ Á≥»Ñʸ MÛ¸Ö{ßëÀ$: ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛, —‘È-Q-Á≥r≤Ö. ÁúÕ-ôÈÀ –˛ÀœyÏ˛: fØ˲-–ö˛« 10, 2018. ■ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: http://univ.tifr.res.in/gs2019/

–ö˛$$Q≈ Á‹–ö˛*-^ÈΔÊˇÖ ➠ ➠ ➠ ➠ ➠ ➠ ➠ ➠ ➠

ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍÁ‹$¢: BØå˛-ÃÒ˝OØå˛ ßë”Δ> ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍÁ‹$¢ Ôúk: ΔÊˇ*. 900. –ö˛$Ìfl˝-‚Ê˝-ÀMʸ$ ΔÊˇ*. 300. ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍÁ‹$¢ Ôúk ^˛ÕœÖ-^˲-yë-∞Mϸ _–ö˛« ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 16, 2018. ßÊ˛ΔÊˇ-RÍ-Á‹$¢Mʸ$ _–ö˛« ôÛ˛©: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 15, 2018. ‡Ãå˝ sÏ˝M¸rœ y˙Øå˛-ÃZ-yÏ˛ÖVä¸: Ø˲–ö˛Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 22, 2018. gÙ˝i-D-D-Ω-I-G-Ãå˝-Gã‹ ∞ΔÊˇ”-Áfl˝◊˝ ôÛ˛©: yÏ˛Ú‹Ö-∫ΔÊˇ$ 9, 2018. ô˛À$Vʸ$ Δ>{⁄ÎtÃZœ Á≥»Ñʸ MÛ¸Ö{ßëÀ$: ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛, —‘ÈQ-Á≥r≤Ö. ÁúÕ-ôÈÀ –˛ÀœyÏ˛: fØ˲-–ö˛« 10, 2018.

–˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.ncbs.res.in

{Á≥–Û˛‘Ë˝Ö MʸյÖ^Û˛ Á‹ÖÁ‹¶À$ Ayë”-Øå˛fiyä˛ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ {sÓ˝så˝-–˛$Öså˝ »Ú‹Δäˇa AÖyä˛ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ CØå˛ M>≈Ø˲fiΔäˇ & –ö˛$$ÖªÒ˝O –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.actrec.gov.in/ ªZã‹ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ & M¯Ãå˝-MʸôÈ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.jcbose.ac.in/ Ô‹Ô‹-GÖΩ & ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.ccmb.res.in/ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ yÓ˛G-Øå˛H ÌúÖVʸΔäˇ {Ì≥ÖsÏ˝ÖVä¸ AÖyä˛ yÊ˛ƒÒ˝*-V¯≤-Ì‹tMä¸fi & ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹O-så˝: www.cdfd.org.in/ sÍsÍ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú ÁúÖyÊ˛-–˛$Ö-rÃå˝ »Ú‹Δäˇa & –ö˛$$ÖªÒ˝O –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.tifr.res.in CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú Ú‹OØå˛fi GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ AÖyä˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa & M¯Ãå˝-MʸôÈ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.iiserkol.ac.in CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú Ú‹OØå˛fi GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ AÖyä˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa & Á≥#◊Ò˝ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.iiserpune.ac.in/ CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú Ú‹OØå˛fi GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ AÖyä˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa& ÜΔÊˇ$-–ö˛-Ø˲Ö-ô˲-Á≥#ΔÊˇÖ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹O-så˝:- www.iisertvm.ac.in/ CÖyÏ˛-ƒÊ˝$Øå˛ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú Ú‹OØå˛fi GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ AÖyä˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa& ÜΔÊˇ$-Á≥Ü –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.iisertirupati.ac.in/ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú –ö˛*≈£Ê˛-–˛$-sÏ˝-MʸÃå˝ Ú‹OØ˛Ofiã‹ & ^˛Ø˛≤ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.imsc.res.in/ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ ÁúΔäˇ Ú‹t–í˛$ Ú‹Ãå˝ ∫ƒÊ˝*-Ài AÖyä˛ »f-Ø˲-ΔÛˇ-sÏ˝–í˛ –˛$yÏ˛-Ì‹Øå˛ & ªÒ˝ÖVʸ-‚Ê˝îΔÊˇ$ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.instem.res.in/ –ö˛$◊Ï˝-¥ÎÃå˝ AM>-yÊ˛“$ Bãú Áfl˝ƒÊ˝$≈Δäˇ GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ & –ö˛$◊Ï˝-¥ÎÃå˝ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.manipal.edu ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ {ªÒ˝Δˇ$$Øå˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ & –ö˛$ØÛ˛-Á‹Δäˇ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.nbrc.ac.in ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ ∫ƒÊ˝*-ÃÍ-h-MʸÃå˝ Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ & ªÒ˝ÖVʸ-‚Ê˝îΔÊˇ$ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.ncbs.res.in ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ Ú‹Ãå˝ Ú‹OØå˛fi & Á≥#◊Ò˝ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.nccs.res.in/ ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú C–ö˛$*≈-ØÈ-Ài & Ø˲*≈…Ï˛Œœ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.nii.res.in/ ØÛ˛ÁŸ-Ø˲Ãå˝ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Ú‹OØå˛fi GyÊ˛$≈-MÛ¸-ÁŸØå˛ AÖyä˛ »Ú‹Δäˇa & øÊ˝$–ö˛-ØÛ˛-‘Ë˝”Δäˇ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.niser.ac.in/ »f-Ø˲Ãå˝ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ ∫ƒÒ˝*-sÒ˝-M>≤-Ài & Áú»-ßë-ªÍßä˛ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.rcb.res.in/ ›Î‡ CØå˛-Ì‹t-r*≈så˝ Bãú Ø˲*≈Mϸœ-ƒÊ˝$Δäˇ ÌúhMä¸fi & M¯Ãå˝-MʸôÈ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.saha.ac.in sÓ˝I-Gã-ú-BΔäˇ Ú‹ÖrΔäˇ ÁúΔäˇ CÖrΔäˇ yÏ˛Ì‹-Ì≥œ-Ø˲» Ú‹OØ˛fiã‹ & ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛ –˛ªå˝-Ú‹Oså˝: www.tifrh.res.in/

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AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ B –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ ›Î´®Ö^Û˛ÖßÊ˛$Mʸ$ ^Û˛ı‹ MʸñÌŸÃZ øÍVʸÖV> {Ô≥—ƒÊ˝$ã‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤ Á≥{ôÈÀØ˲$ Á≥«÷ÕÖ^ÈÕfiØ˲ A–ö˛Á‹ΔÊˇÖ EÖßÊ˛∞ AMʸyÊ˛—$Mä¸ ∞Á≥#◊˝$À$ ^˛∫$ô˲$ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. gÒ˝CC –˛$Δˇ$$Øå˛ÃZ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ Á‹ªÒ˝jMʸ$tÀ$ AÖsÙ˝ –Û˛$£ä˛fi, ÌúhMä¸fi, M¸—$Ô‹â Ø˲$Ö_ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ –ö˛›Î¢Δˇ$$. –ö˛$‰Â B –ö˛$*yÏ˛ÖsÏ˝ÃZ H sÍÌ≥Mä¸ Ø˲$Ö_ G∞≤ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ CÖô˲Mʸ$–ö˛$$Ø˲$Á≥# –ö˛^ÈaƒÊ˝$Ø˲≤® ô˛Õı‹¢ gÒ˝CC –˛$Δˇ$$Øå˛ Á≥»Ñʸ Á‹”øÍ–ö˛Ö AΔÊˇ¶–ö˛$–ö˛#ô˲$Ö®. AÖßÊ˛$Mʸ$ EÁ≥Mʸ«Ö^Û˛ —´ßÊ˛ÖV> VʸyÊ˛_Ø˲ G∞—$ßÛ˛‚Ê˝ÂÃZ Á‹ªÒ˝jMʸ$t, sÍÌ≥Mä¸fi –È»V> {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ G∞≤ –ö˛^ÈaƒÒ˝* —–ö˛«Á‹*¢ ∞Á≥#◊˝$À$ sÙ˝∫$Ãå˝ ΔÊˇ*¥˜Ö®Ö^ÈΔÊˇ$. B Á≥sÏ˝tMʸØ˲$ JMʸ›Î« Á≥«÷ÕÖ^˲ÖyÏ˛. H sÍÌ≥Mä¸Mʸ$ H –Û˛$ΔÊˇ {¥Î´ßëØ˲≈Ö EÖ߯ AΔÊˇ¶–ö˛$–ö˛#ô˲$Ö®.

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ØÛ˛Ø˲$ Á≥߯ ô˲ΔÊˇ-VÊ¸Ü ^˲ßÊ˛$-–ö˛#-ô˲$-ØÈ≤Ø˲$. CÁ≥µsÏ˝ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ ØÈMʸ$ –ö˛$Ö_ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÃÙ˝ –ö˛Á‹$¢-ØÈ≤Δˇ$$. Ú≥ßÊ˛™V> Á≥#Á‹¢-M>À$ Á≥r$t-Mʸ$∞ Mʸ*Δ¯aØ˲$. VʸÖrÀ-ô˲-ΔÊˇ-∫yÏ˛ –ÈsÏ˝∞ –ö˛$$ÖßÛ˛-Á‹$-Mʸ$∞ Mʸ*Δ¯a-–ö˛yÊ˛Ö ØÈ –ö˛Àœ M>ßÊ˛$. M>œã‹ΔÊˇ*-–í˛$ÃZ gÍ{Vʸ-ô˲¢V> —∞ AΔÊˇ¶Ö ^Û˛Á‹$-Mʸ$Ö-sÍØ˲$. ¥Îu>-∞Mϸ Á‹Ö∫Ö´®Ö-_Ø˲ “yÏ˛-ƒÒ˝*À$ ^˲*Á‹*¢ ô˛À$-Á‹$-Mʸ$Ö-sÍØ˲$. ªZΔäˇz Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ CÃÍ EÖsÙ˝ C∫æÖ-ßÊ˛$À$ Á≥yÊ˛-ôÈ-–ö˛Ör* –ö˛* ôË˛Õœ-ßÊ˛Ö-{yÊ˛$À$ BÖ߯-‚Ê˝Ø˲ Á≥yÊ˛$-ô˲$-ØÈ≤ΔÊˇ$. Á≥#Á‹¢-M>À$ ^˲ßÊ˛-–ö˛-ÃÙ˝Mʸ ¥˘ô˲$-ØÈ≤Ø˲$. »yÏ˛ÖVä¸ AÀ-–Èr$Ø˲$ GÃÍ Ú≥Ö^˲$-M¯-–ÈÃZ ô˛À$-Á≥-Vʸ-ÀΔÊˇ$? &^˛Oô˲Ø˲≈, Mʸ»ÖØ˲VʸΔäˇ M>œã‹-ΔÊˇ*-–í˛$ÃZ —Ø˲≤-ßë-∞-ô¯ØÛ˛ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-Vʸ-À$-Vʸ$-ô˲$-ØÈ≤–ö˛# AÖsÙ˝ –ö˛$Ö_ {VʸÁfl˝-◊˝-‘Ë˝Mϸ¢ EØ˲≤sÙ˝œ ÃÒ˝MʸP. ^ÈÃÍ –ö˛$Ö® ±Mʸ$Ø˲≤ Ø˛OÁ≥#-◊Í≈-ÀØ˲$ M>–È-À∞ M¯ΔÊˇ$Mʸ$Ö-sÍΔÊˇ$ Mʸ*yë. ∞gÍ-∞Mϸ

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»yÏ˛ÖVä¸ AÀ–Èr$ GÃÍ Ú≥Ö^˲$M¯–ÈÕ... Á‹«V>Y Á≥#Á‹¢-MʸÖÚ≥O ßÊ˛ñÌŸt-Ú≥-rt-Mʸ$Öyë VʸÖr-À-ô˲-ΔÊˇ-∫yÏ˛ –ÈsÏ˝∞ –ö˛$$ÖßÛ˛-Á‹$Mʸ$∞ Mʸ*ΔÊˇ$aÖsÙ˝ GÃÍÖsÏ˝ EÁ≥-ƒÒ˝*VÊ¸Ö ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$. AΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ {Á≥° Á≥»-ÑʸMʸ$ Mˆ∞≤ sÒ˝Mϸ≤-Mä¸À$, Á‹tΔˇ$$Ãå˝ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. A–Û˛ÖsZ Á≥r$t-M¯-Vʸ-ÕWôÛ˛ Á≥»-ÑʸÀ$ Δ>ƒÊ˝$yÊ˛Ö Á‹$À$–ö˛# A–ö˛#-ô˲$Ö®. CÁ≥µsÏ˝ –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ ±–ö˛# ªZΔÊˇ$z Á≥»-ÑʸÀ$ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-ÃÙ˝ßÊ˛$ M>∫sÏ˝t BÖ߯-‚Ê˝Ø˲ EÖyÊ˛rÖ Á‹Áfl˝-f–Û˛$. ±Mʸ$ –ö˛$Ö_ {VʸÁfl˝◊˝ ‘Ë˝Mϸ¢ EÖßÊ˛∞ ^˛∫$-ô˲$-ØÈ≤–ö˛# M>∫sÏ˝t A–ö˛-Á‹-ΔÊˇ-–˛$O-Ø˲Ö-ô˲-ı‹Á≥# ^˲ßÊ˛$-–ö˛#-Mʸ$∞ ô˲ΔÊˇ-–Èô˲ Vʸô˲ Á‹Ö–ö˛-ô˲fi-Δ>À {Á≥‘Ë˝≤-Á≥-{ôÈÀØ˲$ ›ÎÃå˝” ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-yë-∞Mϸ {Á≥ƒÊ˝$Ü≤ı‹¢ GV>j–í˛$ ¥Î≈{r-ب˛ AΔÊˇ¶Ö M>–ö˛-yÊ˛Ö-ô¯-¥Îr$ GÃÍ Δ>ƒÊ˝$-–ö˛^¯a A–ö˛V>-Áfl˝Ø˲ –ö˛Á‹$¢Ö®. “$ ôË˛Õœ-ßÊ˛Ö-{yÊ˛$-ÀMʸ$ ± ^˲®–Û˛ Á≥ßÊ˛Æ-ÜÚ≥O Ø˲–ö˛$√MÊ¸Ö HΔÊˇµ-yÊ˛$-ô˲$Ö®. øÊ˝—-ÁŸ≈-ô˲$¢ÃZ Mʸ*yë –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P-À-“$ßÊ˛ ßÊ˛ñÌŸt-Ú≥-rt-Mʸ$Öyë ØÛ˛ΔÊˇ$a-M¯-–ö˛-yÊ˛ÖÚ≥O {‘Ë˝ßÊ˛Æ-Ú≥r$t. ô˲Á≥µ-Mʸ$Öyë —fƒÊ˝$Ö ›Î´®Ö-^˲-Vʸ-À–ö˛#. ∑ V¯–ö˛ΔÊˇÆØË˛Ö MϸΔÊˇ◊ä˝Mʸ$–ö˛*Δäˇ

_ΔÊˇ$ØÈ–Ë˛*: —–˲Δ>À$ C—V¯, MÛ¸Δ>ãú GyÊ˛$≈MÛ¸ÁŸØå˛ y˛ã‹P, BÖ{´ßÊ˛gZ≈Ü, ¥Îœså˝ Ø˛Ö.76, Δ¯yä˛ Ø˛Ö.70, A’”± GØå˛MÛ¸œ–å˛, Áfl˝$yÈ Úfl˝Oså˝fi, fΔÊˇ≤Õã‹t M>À±, lΩœÌfl˝Ãå˝fi, Úfl˝OßÊ˛Δ>ªÍßä˛&500 033

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MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ ÁflZÖ–ö˛$Ö{Üô˲”‘ÈQ B´©Ø˲ÖÃZ∞ CÖsÒ˝ÕgÒ˝Ø¨˛fi ∫*≈Δ¯ Ú‹Mʸ*≈«sÓ˝ AÌ‹Ú‹tÖrœ øÊ˝»¢Mϸ 1054 R͉Àô¯ دsÏ˝ÌúMÛ¸ÁŸØ¨˛Ø˲$ —yÊ˛$ßÊ˛À AΔˇ$$Ö®. Á≥߯ ô˲ΔÊˇVÊ¸Ü E°¢ΔÊˇ$~ÃÒ˝OØ˲ —ßë≈ΔÊˇ$¶À$ ©∞Mϸ AΔÊˇ$·À$. ›Î¶∞Mʸ øÍÁŸÚ≥O Á≥r$t, Á‹–ö˛$M>ŒØÈÖ‘ÈÀÚ≥O A–ö˛V>Áfl˝Ø˲, Vʸ◊Ï˝ô˲ÖÃZ Mʸ±Á‹Ö Á≥«gÍqØË˛Ö EØ˲≤ –ÈΔÊˇ$ D E߯≈V>∞≤ Á‹$ÀøÊ˝ÖV> ^Û˛hMϸPÖ^˲$M¯–ö˛^˲$a.

CÃÍ GÖÌ≥Mʸ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$

NAME OF THE TOPIC

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

BINOMAIL THEOREM COMPLEX NUMBERS MATRIX AND DETERMINANTS PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION PROBABILITY QUADRATIC EQUATION SEQUENCES AND SERIES TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS AND IDENTITIES TRIGONOMETRIC EQUATIONS INVERSE TRIGONMETRIC FUNCTIONS HEIGHTS AND DISTANCES STRAIGHT LINES CIRCLE PARABOLA ELLIPSE HYPERBOLA 3-D GEOMETRY VECTORS SETS AND RELATION FUNCTIONS LIMIT OF A FUNCTION CONTINUITY& DIFFERENTIATION APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES INDEFINITE INTEGRATION DEFINTE INTEGRATION AREA UNDER THE CURVE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS STATISTICS MATHEMATICAL REASONING

1 2 2

1 1 2

1 1 2

1 1 2

1 1 2

1 1 2

1 1 2

1 1 2

1 2 0 1

2 1 2 1

1 1 1 1

0 1 2 2

1 1 1 2

1 1 1 2

1 2 1 1

1 1 1 2

1 0

1 0

1 1

0 1

0 0

1 1

1 1

0 1

0 0 1 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 1 1

0 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 1

1 0 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 0 1

0 1 2 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1

0 1 2 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 1

0 0 1 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 2 1

0 1 2 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 1

2

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1 0 1 1 2 1 1

2 1 2 1 1 1 1

1 1 2 1 1 1 1

2 1 0 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 1 1 2 1 1 1

JEE MAINS WEIGHTAGE ANALYSIS FOR PHYSICS

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2O 21 22 23 24 25 26

NAME OF THE TOPIC

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

2018

ERRORS AND MEASSUREMENT KINEMATICS, VECTORS LAWS OF MOTION, FRICTION WORK POWER ENERGY CENTRE OF MASS RIGID BODY DYNAMICS GRAVITATION PROPERTIES OF MATTER & FLUID MECHANICS SURFACE TENSION CALORIMETERY AND THERMODYNAMICS HEAT TRANSFER KTG AND THERMODYNAMICS ELECTROSTATICS CURRENT ELECRICITY ELECTRO MAGNETIC INDUCTION CAPACITENCE ELECTRO MAGNETIC FIELD & FORCES ALTERNATING CURRENT GEOMETRICAL OPTICS & PHYSICAL OPTICS WAVE OPTICS SHM SOUND WAVES MODERN PHYSICS PRINCIPLE OF COMMUNICATIONS SEMI CONDUCTORS ELECTRO MAGNETIC WAVES

0 0 2 0 0 1 1

1 1 0 0 1 0 1

1 1 0 0 1 1 1

2 1 1 1 0 2 1

1 1 1 0 2 1 1

2 0 0 2 0 2 1

2 1

1 1 1 2 2 2 0

2 0

1 0

1 1

3 0

1 0

0 0

1 1

1 0

2 0 2 1 1

1 1 2 2 1

0 1 1 2 2

0 1 2 1 1

0 0 3 2 2

0 0 3 1 1

2 0 2 1 3

1 0 1 1 3

1 1

2 1

2 2

1 1

2 1

2 1

1 2

0 1

1 0

2 1

1 0

2 0

3 0

0 1

1 0

2 2

2 2 1 2 2

2 1 2 1 4

2 2 2 1 2

2 1 1 1 2

1 2 1 1 2

2 1 1 2 2

1 1 1 1 4

0 2 1 1 2

1 1 0

2 1 0

0 1 2

2 1 0

1 0 1

1 4 1

1 1 0

1 1 1

0 1 0 2

& BΔäˇº IIsÏ˝ AM>-yÊ˛“$, ÚflO˝ßÊ˛-Δ>-ªÍßä˛. www.iitneet.in

CÖsÒ˝ÕgÒ˝Ø¨˛fi ∫*≈Δ¯ÃZ Ú‹Mʸ*≈«sÓ˝ AÌ‹Ú‹tÖr$œ ● –˛$$ô˲¢Ö R͉À$: 1054 ● ÚflO˝ßÊ˛Δ>ªÍßä˛Mʸ$ 36 ● —fƒÊ˝$–ÈyÊ˛Mʸ$ 20 ●

Á≥߯ ô˲ΔÊˇVʸÜô¯

MÛ¸Ö{ßÊ˛ {Á≥øÊ˝$ô˲” E߯≈VʸÖ

AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶-ÀØ˲$ ΔˇÖyÊ˛Ö-^˛À Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ, CÖr-ΔÊˇ*”≈/-Á≥-ΔÊˇfi-ØÈ-ÕsÓ˝ sÒ˝ã‹t ßë”Δ> GÖÌ≥Mʸ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

–˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ AÖ^˛(rƒÊ˝$Δäˇ&1) Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ: –˛$$ô˲¢Ö 100 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀMʸ$ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤ Á≥{ôË˛Ö EÖr$Ö®. Á‹–ö˛$ƒÊ˝$Ö ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ VʸÖrÀ$. {Á≥‘Ë˝≤-À±≤ –ö˛$Õt-Á≥#Ãå˝ ^ÈΔˇ$$ã‹ ô˲ΔÊˇ-‡-ÃZØÛ˛ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. {Á≥‘Ë˝≤ Á≥{ô˲ÖÃZ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ —øÍV>-À$Ö-sÍΔˇ$$. fØ˲-ΔÊˇÃå˝ A–Û˛-Δäˇ-Ø˛ã‹ Ø˲$Ö_ 40 {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$, M>”ÖsÏ˝-sÙ˝-sÏ˝–í˛ BÌ≥tr*≈yä˛ Ø˲$Ö_ 20, ÃÍh-MʸÃå˝ GØ˲-Õ-sÏ˝-MʸÃå˝ Gº-ÕsÓ˝ Ø˲$Ö_ 20, CÖXœãŸ ÃÍÖVÛ¸”gå˝ Ø˲$Ö_ 20 {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ –ö˛›Î¢Δˇ$$. Ø˛V¸-sÏ˝–í˛ –ö˛*«PÖVä¸ —´ßëØË˛Ö {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ –ö˛›Î¢Δˇ$$. M>∫sÏ˝t AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ D —øÍEÖr$Ö®. {Á≥Ü ô˲Á≥#µ Á‹–ö˛*-´ßë-ØÈ-∞Mϸ 1/4 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ Mʸså˝ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. D VʸÖÚ≥O GMʸ$P–ö˛ ßÊ˛ñÌŸt MÛ¸Ö{©-Mʸ-«Ö-^ÈÕ. CÖßÊ˛$Mʸ$ Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö-_Ø˲ –È«∞ rƒÊ˝$Δäˇ&2 Á≥»-ÑʸMʸ$ Ö ˇ Ê V>Ø˲$ AÖô˲-Δ>j-°ƒÊ˝$, gÍ°ƒÊ˝$ Á‹ßÊ˛-Á‹$fiÀ$, Δ È ^ * ˛ ö GÖÌ≥Mʸ ^Û˛›Î¢ΔÊˇ$.

– A–È-ΔÊˇ$zÀ$, ∫Áfl˝ì-–ö˛$-ô˲$À$, {MÓ¸yÊ˛À$, —gÙ˝-ô˲À$, ‹ Á ˛ ¨ Ø ÁŸ ¸ Û ΔˇÖy¯ AÖ^˛(rƒÊ˝$Δäˇ&2) Δ>ô˲ M {Á≥´ßëØ˲ ∞ƒÊ˝*-–ö˛$-M>À$, {Á≥–ö˛$$-Q$À –ö˛$ΔÊˇú Ì ˝ Ï s د Á≥»Ñʸ: –˛$$ô˲¢Ö 50 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P-ÀMʸ$ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤ ◊ÍÀ$, Á≥ΔÊˇ≈-r-Ø˲À$ –ÈΔÊˇ¢-ÃZœ∞ –ö˛≈Mʸ$¢À$, ¥˘Á ‹ $t : Ú ‹ MÊ ¸ *≈«sÓ ˝ Á≥{ôË˛Ö EÖr$Ö®. 40 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P-ÀMʸ$ JMʸ –È≈Á‹‘ÈÁ‹à ›ÎÖMÛ¸-ÜMʸ —‘Û˝-⁄ÎÀ$, ÑϸÁ≥-◊˝$À$ AÌ ‹ Ú ‹ t Ö så ˝ /GWj M Ê ¸ *≈sÏ ˝ –í ˛ ΔÊˇ*Á≥ Á‹–ö˛*-´ßëØ˲ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤Ø˲$ C›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ AÖ‘È-ÀØ˲$ A´ßÊ˛≈-ƒÊ˝$ØË˛Ö ^Û˛ƒÊ˝*Õ.

R͉À$: 1054, “sÏ ˝ ÃZ Ú fl O ˝ ßÊ ˛ Δ>ªÍßä ˛ MÊ ¸ $&36, øÍVʸÖV> 500 Á≥ßë-Àô¯ Mʸ*yÏ˛Ø˲ ô˛À$Vʸ$ ¥Î≈Ú‹“sÏ˝-M¯Á‹Ö {Á≥Ü Δ¯l –ÈΔ>¢ Á≥{Ü-Mʸ—fƒÊ ˝ $–ÈyÊ ˛ MÊ ¸ $&20 MÛ ¸ sÍΔˇ$$Ö^ÈΔÊ ˇ $. gå˝Ø˲$ CÖXœã-Ÿ-ÃZMϸ AØ˲$-–ö˛-®Ö-^ÈÕ. —$VʸôÈ Á≥® ÀØ˲$ ô˲Á≥µ-∞-Á‹-«V> ^˲ßÊ˛$-–ö˛#ô˲* AΔÊˇ·ô˲: Á≥߯ ô˲ΔÊˇVÊ¸Ü E°¢ΔÊˇ~ô˲. {¥ÎÖ°ƒÊ˝$ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ ›˘µM¸-ب˛ Gº-Õ-sÓ˝Mϸ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö-_Ö®. D AÖ‘È-À-–È-»V> دr$fi Δ>Á‹$-M¯-–ÈÕ. øÍÁ Ÿ ÃZ ^Ë ˛ ßÊ ˛ –ö ˛ yÊ ˛ Ö, Δ>ƒÊ ˝ $yÊ ˛ Ö, –ö ˛ *sÍœ y Ê ˛ rÖ –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$P-ÀØ˲$ CÖr-ΔÊˇ*”≈/-Á≥-ΔÊˇfi-ØÈ-ÕsÓ˝ sÒ˝ã‹t Á‹–ö˛$Á‹–ö˛$-M>-ŒØ˲ AÖ‘È-ÀÚ≥O sÓ˝“ÃZœ –ö ˛ _a EÖyëÕ. ƒÊ˝$ÖÃZ AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ –ö˛*sÍœyÛ˛ ›Î–ö˛$-Δ>¶≈∞≤ AÖ^˲ØÈ ^˲ΔÊˇa-ÀØ˲$ “ÑϸÁ‹*¢ A–ö˛-Á‹-ΔÊˇ-–˛$OØ˲ GÖÌ≥Mʸ: ΔˇÖyÊ˛Ö^˛À Δ>ô˲ Á≥»Ñʸ, –Û˛Ì‹ MÛ¸sÍ-Δˇ$$-›Î¢ΔÊˇ$. D Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ AΔÊˇ·ô˲ ›Î´®Ö-^È-ÀÖsÙ˝ ¥ÎΔˇ$$Ö-rœØ˲$ دså˝ ^Û˛Á‹$-M¯-–ÈÕ.

CÖrΔÊ ˇ *”≈/Á ≥ ΔÊ ˇ fiØÈÕsÓ ˝ sÒ ˝ ã ‹ t ßë”Δ> Mʸ±Á‹Ö 20 –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ ô˛^˲$a-M¯-–ÈÕ.

AÃÍVÛ¸ Á≥»Ñʸ ôÛ˛© MʸÖsÙ˝ BΔÊˇ$ Bب˛ÃÒ˝Oب˛ÃZ ßÊ˛ΔÊˇRÍÁ‹$¢: AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ 20 Ø˛ÀÀ –ö˛$$ÖßÊ˛sÏ˝ –ÈΔ>¢ Á≥{Ü-MʸØ˲$Ö_ Ø˲–ö˛Ö∫ΔÊˇ$ 10 –ö˛ΔÊˇMʸ$ fØ˲ΔÊˇÃå˝ Á‹tyÓ˛ã‹ MÓ¸ÀMÊ¸Ö ÀØ˲$ Mʸ*yë ô˲Á≥µ∞ Á‹«V> –˛ªå˝Ú‹Oså˝: http://www.mha.gov.in/ ^˲ßÊ˛-–ÈÕ. rƒÊ˝$Δäˇ&1 Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ JMʸP fØ˲-ΔÊˇÃå˝ Á‹tyÓ˛ã‹ Ø˲$Ö^Û˛ 40

–Û˛$£ä˛fiÃZ Mʸ±Á‹ Á≥«gÍqØË˛Ö EÖsÙ˝ ^ÈÀ$ E߯≈-V>-∞Mϸ Mʸ±Á‹ —ßë≈-ΔÊˇ·ô˲ Á≥߯-ô˲-ΔÊˇ-VÊ¸Ü M>∫sÏ˝t Á≥»-ÑʸÃZ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ Mʸ*yë AßÛ˛ ›Î¶Δˇ$$ÃZ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. AÖßÊ˛$-–ö˛Àœ AøÊ˝≈-ΔÊˇ$¶À$ ªÙ˝Ì‹Mä¸ –Û˛$£ä˛fiÚ≥O A–ö˛-V>-Áfl˝-Ø˲Ø˲$ Ú≥Ö^˲$-M¯-–ÈÕ. Mʸ*yÏ˛-MʸÀ$, °Ì‹-–Û˛-ô˲À$, Vʸ$◊ÍÖ-M>À$, øÍVʸ-‡-ΔÊˇÖÚ≥O Á≥r$t-›Î-´®ı‹¢ D —øÍ-VʸÖÃZ Á‹$À-øÊ˝ÖV> –ö˛*ΔÊˇ$PÀ$ ô˛^˲$a-M¯-–ö˛^˲$a. Á‹ÖRÍ≈-–ö˛*Ø˲Ö, Á‹Δ>-Á‹«, øÍVʸ-›Î”–ö˛$≈Ö, ‘ÈôÈÀ$, ÃÍøÊ˝ Ø˲⁄ÎtÀ$, Ì‹ÖÁ≥#Ãå˝ AÖyä˛ M>Ö¥˚Öyä˛ CÖr-Δˇã‹t, M>ÀÖ&-Á≥∞, M>œMä¸fi AÖyä˛ M>≈ÃÒ˝Ö-yÊ˛Δäˇfi, –˛$Ø˲$fi-ΔÛˇ-ÁŸ-ب˛, ÃÍh-MʸÃå˝ »f-∞ÖVä¸ AÖyä˛ yÛ˛sÍ CÖ{r-{Ì≥-sÙ˝-ÁŸ-ب˛, Á≥hÃå˝fi, ∫œyä˛ «ÃÙ˝-ÁŸ-ب˛fi, y˛OΔˇ-Ñʸ-ب˛fi –ö˛ÖsÏ˝ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤-ÀØ˲$ GMʸ$P-–ö˛V> ›Î´ßÊ˛Ø˲ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝*Õ. AÁ≥#µyÛ˛ M>”ÖsÏ˝-sÙ˝-sÓ˝–í˛ BÌ≥t-r*≈yä˛, ÃÍh-MʸÃå˝, AØ˲-Õ-sÏ˝-MʸÃå˝ GºÕ-sÓ˝Mϸ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö-_Ø˲ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ Á‹$À$-–ö˛#V> ^Û˛ƒÊ˝$-Vʸ-ÀΔÊˇ$

AøÊ˝≈«¶ Á≥«gÍqØÈ∞≤ Á≥»ÑϸÖ^Û˛ CÖXœãŸ AøÊ˝≈«¶ øÍ⁄Î Á≥«-gÍq-ØÈ∞≤ Á≥»-ÑϸÖ^Û˛ —´ßÊ˛ÖV> {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$. “sÏ˝ÃZœ Δ>◊Ï˝Ö-^È-ÀÖsÙ˝ –È≈Mʸ-ΔÊˇ-◊˝ÖÚ≥O Mʸ±Á‹ Á≥«-gÍqØË˛Ö ›Î´®Ö-^ÈÕ. CÖXœãŸMϸ Á‹Ö∫Ö-´®Ö_ ¥Î≈ı‹gå˝ ΔˇOsÏ˝Ö-Vä¸-ÀØ˲$ GMʸ$P-–ö˛V> ›Î´ßÊ˛Ø˲ ^Û˛ƒÊ˝*Õ.

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Dr.M.Reddi Ramu Associate Professor Academic Coordinator Kuppam Engineering College Kuppam, Chittoor (Dist)

Keeping in view the importance of

uniform accounting standards, policies and procedures 16 accounting bodies from 9 countries formed the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) on june 29th 1973 with its headquarters at London. Since 1083, IASCs members have included all the professional accounting bodies that are members of the International Federation of Accounts (IFAC) IAS-1. Disclosure of accounting policies IAS-2. Valuation and presentation of inventories IAS-3. Consolidated financial statements IAS-4. Depreciation Accounting IAS-5. Information to be disclosed in financial statements IAS-6. Accounting responses to changing prices IAS-7. Statement of changes in financial position IAS-8. Unusual and prior period items and changes in accounting policies.

IAS-9. Accounting for research and development activities IAS-10. Contingencies and events occurring after balance sheet date IAS-11. Accounting for Construction contracts IAS-12. Accounting for taxes on income IAS-13. Presentation of current assets and current liabilities IAS-14. Reporting of financial information by segments IAS-15. Information reflecting the effects of changing prices IAS-16. Accounting for property, plant and equipment IAS-17. Accounting for lease IAS-18. Revenue recognition IAS-19. Accounting for retirement benefits in the financial statements of employees IAS-20. Accounting for government grants and disclosure of government assistance IAS-21. Accounting for effects of changes in foreign exchange rates IAS-22. Accounting for business combination IAS-23. Capitalisation of borrowing costs IAS-24. Related party disclosures

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International Accounting Standards (IAS) IAS-25. Accounting for investments IAS-26. Accounting and reporting of retirement benefit plans IAS-27. Consolidated financial statements and accounting for investment in subsidiaries IAS-28. Accounting for investment in associates IAS-29. Financial reporting in highperinflationary economies IAS-30. Disclosure in the financial statement IAS_31. Financial reporting of interests in joint ventures IAS-32. Financial instruments: disclosure and presentation IAS-33. Earnings per share IAS-34. Interim financial reporting IAS-35. Discontinuing operations IAS-36. Impairment of assets IAS-37. Provisions, contingent liabilities and contingent assets IAS-38. Intangible Assets IAS-39. Financial Instruments, recognition and measurement IAS-40. Investment Property

Liabilities Liabilities are the obligations are debts payable by the enterprise in future in the form of money or

goods.

Drawings - Cash or goods withdrawn by the proprietor from business for his personal or household use are termed as drawings.

Solvent One who is able to pay ones debts when they become due.

Debitor Debitor means a person who owes money to the trader.

Creditor A creditor is a person to whom something is owed by the business.

Equity A claim which can be enforced against the

assets

firm is called equity.

Goods All those things which a firm purchases for resale are called goods.

Purchases Purchases means purchase of goods, unless it is stated otherwise. It is represents the goods purchased.

Sales Sales means sale of goods, unless it is stated otherwise. It also represents the goods purchased.

Accounting period- A period of 12 months for which the accounts are usually kept. It may be calendar year (January 1st to December 31st) or financial year (April 1st to March 31st).

of a

Double Entry System

Basic Accounting Terms Every subject has got its own terminology. Accounting also, as a subject has got its own terms. These terms have their specific meaning in accounting and used to express financial nature of the business.

Assets: The valuable things owned by the business are known as assets.

Classification of assets Fixed assets These assets are acquired for long-term use in the business.

Liquid assets - These assets also known as circulating, fluctuating or current assets.

Fictitious assets Fictitious assets are those assets, which donot have physical form Intangible assets They cannot see and touch only imagination.

Wasting assets - Wasting assets are those assets which are consumed through being worked or used.

Capital- It is that part of wealth which is used for further production and thus capital consists of all current assets and fixed assets.

Fixed Capital- The amount invested in acquiring in fixed assets is called fixed capital.

Working Capital The part of capital available with the firm for day-to-day working of the business is known as working capital.

Working Capital = Current assets Current liabilities

Double entry system is a scientific

way of presenting accountings. As such all the business concerns feel it convenient to prepare the accounts under double entry system. The taxation authorities also compel the businessmen to prepare the accounts under double entry system.

Under dual aspect concept, the accountant deals with the two aspects of business transaction i.e. (i) Receiving aspectreceiving aspect is known as Debit aspect and (ii) Giving aspect-giving aspect is known as Credit aspect. In double entry book-keeping system these two aspects are recorded. It facilitates the preparation of trial balance and final accounts.

Business transactions are recorded in the books of account on the basis of Double-Entry System. This system of accounting was invented by Lucas Pacioli of Itali in 1494 in Venice but developed in England. The system is based upon the fact that there are two aspects of every business transaction. Every transaction involves at least two persons, parties or accounts. Every business transaction has two aspects. Recording these dual aspects of business transactions in terms of Debit and Credit is double entry system.

According to modern American approach, every business transactions is concerned with assets, liabilities, capital, expense and revenue individually or col-

lectively.

Principles of Double entry system The principle of double entry is based on the fact that there can be no giving without receiving nor there by receiving without something giving.

The principle under which both debit and credit aspects are recorded is known as the principles of double entry.

The systematic way of presenting the accounts is duly under the double entry system.

Single entry system is in fact not a system at all.

It is nothing but an incomplete form of double entry.

The receiving account is debited and the giving account is credited.

According to this principle every debit must necessarily have a corresponding credit and vice versa.

Characteristics of Double entry system Every business transaction affects two or more accounts Every account is divided in two partsLeft hand side is Debit and right hand side is Credit Division of amount column as debit and credit Dual aspect of every transaction Based upon accounting concepts and

conventions Preparing Trail Balance Preparation of Final accounts

Advantages of Double Entry System Complete record of every transaction.

Reliable information at a glance.

Scrutiny and verification of information.

Knowledge of gross profit or gross loss.

Knowledge of net profit or net loss.

Knowledge of assets and liabilities of the business.

Financial statements are prepared on the basis of Double Entry System can be compared with the statements of previous years.

The systematic and scientific recording of business transaction on the basis of this system minimise the chances of embezzlement and frauds.

The arithmetical accuracy of the books can be proved by preparing trial balance.

Assessment of financial position.

Maintenance according to income tax rules.

Knowledge of debitors and creditors.

Full and authentic information can be had about all transactions as the trader maintains the ledger with all types of accounts. �

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JMʸ Á≥ßÊ˛Ö AΔÊˇ¶ øÙ˝ßÊ˛Ö ÃÙ˝Mʸ$ØÈ≤ ôÈô˲µΔÊˇ≈ øÙ˝ßÊ˛Öô¯ ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ ›ÎΔÊˇ$œ –˛Ör –˛ÖrØÛ˛ –ö˛_aØ˲rœΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ A® ÃÍsÍØ˲${¥ÎÁ‹.

EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: Mʸ–ö˛$ÃÍÑʸ$ Ø˲«aÖ^˲$ MʸΔÊˇ–ö˛$$À$ MʸΔÊˇ–ö˛$$À$

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AΔ>¶ÀÖM>Δ>À$ ❖

AΔÊˇ¶Ö {Á≥´ßëØ˲–˛$OØ˲ AÀÖM>Δ>ØÛ˛≤ AΔ>¶ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ AÖsÍΔÊˇ$.

CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ ΔÊˇM>À AÀÖM>Δ>À$ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$ A—

13. AÜ‘Ë˝ƒÒ˝*Mϸ¢ AÖsÙ˝ H—$sÏ˝? & V¯ΔÊˇÖô˲ÀØ˲$ MˆÖyÊ˛Öô˲À$V> ^Û˛Ì‹ –ö˛«~Ö^Û˛® 14. EÁ≥–ö˛*ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ AÖsÙ˝ H—$sÏ˝? & EÁ≥–Û˛$ƒÊ˝*∞Mϸ EÁ≥–ö˛*ØÈ∞Mϸ ^˲MʸP∞ ¥˘ÕMʸ ^˛Á≥µyÊ˛Ö 15. Ô‹ô˲ –ö˛$$QÖ ^˲Ö{ßÊ˛ ºÖ∫Ö –ö˛ÃÒ˝ EÖ® ©∞ÃZ∞ EÁ≥–ö˛* –È^˲MÊ¸Ö H®? & –ö˛ÃÒ˝ 16. øÍVʸ–ö˛ô˲–ö˛$$Ø˲ øÊ˝Mϸ¢, øÍΔÊˇô˲–ö˛$$√Ø˲ ƒÊ˝$$Mϸ¢, Δ>–ö˛$ Mʸ£Ê˛ƒÙ˝$ ΔÊˇMϸ¢ CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ∞ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ? & AÖôÈ≈Ø˲${¥ÎÁ‹ 17. MʸΔÊˇ*µΔÊˇÖ –˛Ø˛≤À –ö˛ÃÒ˝ ^˲ÀœßÊ˛ØÈ∞≤ MʸÕW›˘¢Ö® D –ÈMʸ≈ÖÃZ∞ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ? & EÁ≥–ö˛* 18. b˲ÖßÊ˛Á‹$fi AÖsÙ˝ H—$sÏ˝? & Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ÀÑʸ◊ÍÀØ˲$ —–ö˛«Ö^Û˛® 19. Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßëÀ$ GÃÍ HΔÊˇµyÊ˛ôÈΔˇ$$? & Vʸ◊ÍÀ Mʸ*ΔÊˇ$µô¯ 20. Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ GÃÍ HΔÊˇµyÊ˛ôÈΔˇ$$? & Vʸ$ΔÊˇ$, ÀÁú$$–ö˛#Àô¯ 21. _sÏ˝M¸ –Û˛ı‹ Á‹–ö˛$ƒÊ˝$ÖÃZ Á≥ÕMÛ¸ AÑʸΔ>∞≤ H–ö˛$ÖsÍΔÊˇ$? & ÀÁú$$–ö˛# 22. Vʸ$ΔÊˇ$–ö˛# AÖsÙ˝ H—$sÏ˝? & ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ –ö˛*{ô˲À M>ÀÖÃZ Á≥ÕMÛ¸® 23. ƒÊ˝$Ü AÖsÙ˝ H—$sÏ˝? Á≥Δ>≈ƒÊ˝$ Á≥ßëÀ$ H—? & Á≥ßÊ˛≈¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ∞ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ AÑʸΔÊˇ–Û˛$ ƒÊ˝$Ü ©∞ Á≥Δ>≈ƒÊ˝$ Á≥ßëÀ$ —Δ>–ö˛$Ö, —ΔÊˇÜ 24. Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ∞ ΔˇÖy¯ AÑʸΔ>∞≤ H–ö˛$ÖsÍΔÊˇ$? & {¥ÎÁ‹ 25. {¥ÎÁ‹ ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö AÖsÙ˝ H—$sÏ˝? & Á≥ßÊ˛≈ÖÃZ∞ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ ¥ÎßëÃZœ ΔˇÖy¯ AÑʸΔÊˇÖV>

ΔÊˇ*Á≥M>ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ AÜ‘Ë˝ƒÒ˝*Mϸ¢ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ

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EÁ≥–Û˛$ƒÊ˝*∞Mϸ, EÁ≥–ö˛*ØÈ∞Mϸ ^˲MʸPsÏ˝ ¥˘ÕMʸ ^˛Ì≥µØ˲sÒ˝ïœôÛ˛ A® EÁ≥–ö˛*ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ.

EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: Ô‹ô˲ –ö˛$$QÖ ^˲Ö{ßÊ˛ ºÖ∫Ö –ö˛ÃÒ˝ {Á≥M>’›˘¢Ö®.

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EÁ≥–Û˛$ƒÊ˝$ÖÃZ EÁ≥–ö˛*Ø˲ ´ßÊ˛Δ>√∞≤ BΔ¯Ì≥Ö_Ø˲rœΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ A® ΔÊˇ*Á≥M>ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: Á‹Ö›ÎΔÊˇ ›ÎVʸΔ>∞≤ DßÊ˛yÊ˛Ö ^ÈÃÍ MʸÁŸtÖ.

Á‹”øÍ–¯Mϸ¢ ✦

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gÍÜ, Vʸ$◊˝, {MϸƒÊ˝*ßÊ˛$Àô¯ –ö˛Á‹$¢–ö˛# Á‹”øÍ–È∞≤ EØ˲≤® EØ˲≤r$œV> –ö˛«~Ö_Ø˲rœΔˇ$$ôÛ˛ A® Á‹”øÍ–¯Mϸ¢ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ.

EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: "^Û˛ô˲ –˛Ø˲≤–ö˛$$ßÊ˛™, ^˛ÖVʸÀ”Á≥NßÊ˛ÖyÊ˛, ∫ÖV>ΔÊˇ$ –˛$$À{ôÈyÊ˛$, Á≥r$t ßÊ˛sÏ˝t, Á‹Öß˛ôÈƒÒ˝$ô˲$À$Ø˲$, Á‹«–ö˛$$–ö˛” VʸgÒ˝jÀ$, _∞≤ MʸñÁŸ~ ∞Ø˲$≤ ^Û˛« MˆÀ$ô˲$'

AÜ‘Ë˝ƒÒ˝*Mϸ¢ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ ★

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V¯ΔÊˇÖô˲ÀØ˲$ MˆÖyÊ˛Öô˲À$V> –ö˛«~ı‹¢ A® AÜ‘Ë˝ƒÒ˝*Mϸ¢ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖV> ^˛∫$ôÈΔÊˇ$ JMÛ¸ Áfl˝À$œØ˲$ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*WÖ^˲yÊ˛Ö "Eô˲µÀ–ö˛*À' Á≥ßÊ˛≈ÖÃZ∞ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$? & øÊ˝, ΔÊˇ, Ø˲, øÊ˝, øÊ˝, ΔÊˇ, –ö˛ Eô˲µÀ–ö˛*ÀÃZ Gد≤ AÑʸΔ>∞Mϸ ƒÊ˝$Ü ›Î¶ØË˛Ö EÖr$Ö®? & 10–ö˛ AÑʸΔ>∞Mϸ Eô˲µÀ–ö˛*À ¥Îßë∞Mϸ G∞≤ AÑʸΔ>À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$? & 20 ^˲ÖÁ≥Mʸ–ö˛*ÀÃZ∞ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ H—? Gد≤ AÑʸΔ>∞Mϸ ƒÊ˝$Ü ›Î¶ØË˛Ö EÖr$Ö®? & Ø˲, f, øÊ˝, f, f, f, ΔÊˇ; 11–ö˛ AÑʸΔÊˇÖ ^˲ÖÁ≥Mʸ–ö˛*À Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ G∞≤ AÑʸΔ>À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$? & 21 ‘ÈΔÊˇ*™ÀÖÃZ∞ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ H—? Gد≤ AÑʸΔÊˇÖ ƒÊ˝$Ü ›Î¶Ø˲Ö? & –ö˛$, Á‹, f, Á‹, ô˲, ô˲, Vʸ; 13–ö˛ AÑʸΔ>∞Mϸ ‘ÈΔÊˇ*™À Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ G∞≤ AÑʸΔ>À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$? & 19 AÑʸΔ>À$ –ö˛$ôÛ˛¢øÊ˝ Á≥ßÊ˛≈ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ H—? ƒÊ˝$Ü ›Î¶ØË˛Ö Gد≤ AÑʸΔÊˇÖ? & Á‹, øÊ˝, ΔÊˇ, Ø˲, –ö˛$, ƒÊ˝$, –ö˛; 14–ö˛ AÑʸΔÊˇÖ –ö˛$ôÛ˛¢øÊ˝ Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ G∞≤ AÑʸΔ>À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$? & 20 AÑʸΔ>À$ _Ø˲≤ß˛OØ˲Á≥µsÏ˝MÓ¸ ÀÑʸ◊ÍÀ$ GMʸ$P–ö˛V> EÖyÛ˛ Á≥ßÊ˛≈–Û˛$®? & MʸÖßÊ˛Ö MʸÖßÊ˛ Á≥ßÊ˛≈ÖÃZ EÁ≥ƒÒ˝*WÖ^Û˛ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ H—? & VʸVʸ, øÊ˝, f, Á‹, Ø˲À–ö˛$$ MʸÖßÊ˛ÖÃZ ªÙ˝Ì‹ ›Î¶Ø˲ÖÃZ H Vʸ◊˝Ö EÖyÊ˛Mʸ*yÊ˛ßÊ˛$? & f Vʸ◊˝Ö MʸÖßÊ˛ÖÃZ BΔ¯ Vʸ◊˝Ö H—$sÏ˝?

Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ÀÑʸ◊ÍÀØ˲$ —–ö˛«Ö^Û˛ ‘ÈÁ‹à–Û˛$ b˲ÖßÊ˛Á‹$fi CÖßÊ˛$ÃZ ÀƒÊ˝$Mʸ$ {¥Î´ßëØ˲≈Ö EÖr$Ö®. b˲ÖßÊ˛Á‹$fiÃZ Vʸ$ΔÊˇ$–ö˛#À$, ÀÁú$$–ö˛#Àô¯ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ HΔÊˇµyÊ˛ôÈΔˇ$$.

JMʸ _sÏ˝M¸ –Û˛Ì‹Ø˲Öô˲ M>ÀÖÃZ Á≥ÕMÛ¸® ÀÁú$$–ö˛# ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ –ö˛*{ô˲À M>ÀÖÃZ Á≥ÕMÛ¸® Vʸ$ΔÊˇ$–ö˛# Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ AÑʸΔ>∞≤ ƒÊ˝$Ü AÖsÍΔÊˇ$. Á≥ßÊ˛≈ÖÃZ ∞ƒÊ˝$—$ô˲ ›Î¶Ø˲ÖÃZ EÖyÛ˛ –˛$O{Ü∞ ƒÊ˝$Ü –˛$O{Ü AÖsÍΔÊˇ$. Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ ΔˇÖy¯ AÑʸΔ>∞≤ {¥ÎÁ‹ AÖsÍΔÊˇ$. Á≥ßÊ˛≈ÖÃZ∞ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ ¥ÎßëÃZœ JMÛ¸ Áfl˝À$œ {Á≥ƒÒ˝*WÖ^Û˛ ßë∞∞ {¥ÎÁ‹ ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö AÖsÍΔÊˇ$. Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛ÖÃZ∞ {¥Î›ÎÑʸΔ>∞Mϸ, ƒÊ˝$Ü ›Î¶ØË˛Ö ô˲ΔÊˇ–ÈÜ AÑʸΔ>∞Mϸ f«VÛ¸ –˛$O{Ü∞ {¥ÎÁ‹ ƒÊ˝$Ü AÖsÍΔÊˇ$.

Á≥ßë≈À$

ΔÊˇ*Á≥M>ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ

AÖôÈ≈Ø˲${¥ÎÁ‹ –ÈMʸ≈Ö _–ö˛ΔÊˇÃZV>± Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßÊ˛Ö _–ö˛ΔÊˇÃZ V>± JMÛ¸ Áfl˝À$œ ÃÙ˝ßë JMÛ¸ Á≥ßÊ˛Ö –ö˛_aØ˲sÒ˝ïœôÛ˛ A® AÖôÈ≈Ø˲${¥ÎÁ‹ EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: Mʸ$MʸP Ì≥ÃÍœ, AWY Á≥#ÃÍœ, Á‹∫$æ º‚Íœ

EÁ≥–ö˛*ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ Á‹”øÍ–¯Mϸ¢ AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ

EÁ≥–ö˛*ÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ

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ÃÍsÍØ˲${¥ÎÁ‹

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1. AÀÖM>ΔÊˇÖ AÖsÙ˝

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JMʸsÏ˝ ÃÙ˝ßë AÖô˲MʸÖsÙ˝ GMʸ$P–ö˛ Áfl˝À$œÀ$ AØÛ˛Mʸ›ÎΔÊˇ$œ Δ>–ö˛yÊ˛–Û˛$ –ö˛ñô˲¢≈Ø˲${¥ÎÁ‹.

EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: _rÁ≥r _Ø˲$Mʸ$À$ Á≥rÁ≥r Mʸ$«Ú‹Ø˲$

AøÍ≈Á‹ {Á≥‘Ë˝≤À$ 2.

ô˛À$Vʸ$

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bÛ˛M>Ø˲${¥ÎÁ‹

EßëÁfl˝ΔÊˇ◊˝: –ö˛* ¥˜ÀÖÃZ ∫ÖV>ΔÊˇÖ Á≥ÖyÏ˛Ö®

Á≥ßë≈À$ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ ΔÊˇM>À$V> EÖsÍΔˇ$$. A— ✦ –ö˛ñôÈ¢À$ ✦ gÍô˲$À$ ✦ EÁ≥gÍô˲$À$

–ö˛ñôÈ¢À$ ❖

“sÏ˝ÃZ –ö˛$ΔÊˇÀ ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ ΔÊˇM>À Á≥ßë≈À$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$ ✦ Eô˲µÀ–ö˛*À ✦ ^˲ÖÁ≥Mʸ–ö˛*À ✦ ‘ÈΔÊˇ*™ÀÖ ✦ –ö˛$ôÛ˛¢øÊ˝Ö

gÍô˲$À$ ❖ ❖

Á≥ßÊ˛≈ gÍô˲$ÃZœ "MʸÖßÊ˛Ö' –ö˛$$Q≈–˛$OÖ® MʸÖßÊ˛ Á≥ßÊ˛≈Ö Δ>ƒÊ˝$VʸÕYØ˲–ÈyÛ˛ Mʸ— AØÛ˛ øÍ–ö˛Ø˲ EÖ®.

EÁ≥ gÍô˲$À$ “sÏ˝ÃZ –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ ΔÊˇM>À$ EØÈ≤Δˇ$$ ✦ Br–˛À® ✦ ôÛ˛rXÜ ✦ Ô‹Á‹Ö ❖ D –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ ΔÊˇM>À Á≥ßë≈ÀMʸ$ {¥ÎÁ‹ ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö EÖyÊ˛ßÊ˛$. & f Vʸ◊˝Ö ÃÙ˝ßë Ø˲À–ö˛$$ 39. MʸÖßÊ˛ÖÃZ 2, 4 ¥ÎßëÀ _–ö˛« AÑʸΔÊˇÖ —´®V> H–˛$O EÖyëÕ? & Vʸ$ΔÊˇ$–ö˛# 40. MʸÖßÊ˛ Á≥ßë≈∞Mϸ VʸÀ {Á≥Ì‹®Æ H®? & MʸÖßÊ˛Ö Δ>Ì‹Ø˲–ÈyÛ˛ Mʸ— 41. {Á≥gÍ Mʸ— –Û˛–ö˛$Ø˲Mʸ$ CÁŸt–˛$OØ˲ Á≥ßÊ˛≈Ö? & Br–˛À® 42. Br–˛À®ÃZ 1, 3 ¥ÎßëÃZœ H Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ EÖyëÕ? & –ö˛$*yÊ˛$ Á‹*ΔÊˇ≈ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$, ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ CÖ{ßÊ˛ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ 43. Br–˛À® 2, 4 ¥ÎßëÃZœ H Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ EÖyëÕ? & IßÊ˛$ Á‹*ΔÊˇ≈ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ 44. ôÛ˛rXÜ Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßëÃZœ H Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ EÖyëÕ? & JMʸ Á‹*ΔÊˇ≈ Vʸ◊˝Ö, ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ CÖ{ßÊ˛ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$, ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Á‹*ΔÊˇ≈ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ 45. ôÛ˛rXÜ Á≥ßÊ˛≈ÖÃZ ƒÊ˝$Ü ›Î¶Ø˲Ö? & 1, 4 Vʸ◊ÍÀ –˛$$ßÊ˛sÏ˝ AÑʸΔ>ÀMʸ$ 46. {¥ÎÁ‹ ∞ƒÊ˝$–ö˛$Ö EÖyÊ˛∞ Á≥ßë≈À$ H—? & ôÛ˛rXÜ, Br–˛À®, Ô‹Á‹Ö 47. Ô‹Á‹ Á≥ßÊ˛≈ ¥ÎßëÃZœ H Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ EÖyëÕ? & BΔÊˇ$ CÖ{ßÊ˛, ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ Á‹*ΔÊˇ≈ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ 48. Ô‹Á‹ Á≥ßë≈∞Mϸ AØ˲$∫Ö´ßÊ˛ÖV> ^Û˛ΔÛˇ Á≥ßë≈À$ H—? & ôÛ˛rXÜ, Br–˛À® 49. {÷ØÈ£Ê˛$∞Mϸ CÁŸt–˛$OØ˲ Á≥ßÊ˛≈Ö? & Ô‹Á‹Ö 50. –ö˛*{ôÈ b˲ÖßÊ˛Á‹$fi VʸÀ ›ÎÌfl˝° {Á≥{MϸƒÊ˝$? & VÛ¸ƒÊ˝$Ö 51. ®”Á≥ßÊ˛ÃZ G∞≤ ¥ÎßëÀ$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$? & ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ 52. ®”Á≥ßÊ˛ÃZ ¥Îßë∞Mϸ G∞≤ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ EÖsÍΔˇ$$? & ØÈÀ$Vʸ$ 53. Á‹*ΔÊˇ≈ Vʸ◊ÍÀ$ G∞≤? & ΔˇÖyÊ˛$ ❖

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Á‹tyÓ˛

—fƒÊ˝$–ÈyÊ˛∑ ›˘–ö˛$–ÈΔÊˇÖ 22 AM¯t∫ΔÊˇ$ 2018

www.andhrajyothy com

17

Global Mobility Summit held at..?

First Jaipur Literature Festival held in Houston

Current Affairs

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For All Competitive Exams For the first time, Census 2021 will collect data on OBCs ★

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The Home Ministry announced that the Census 2021 will for the first time collect data on Other Backwards Castes (OBC). The Census 2021 will be finalised in three years after conducting the census instead of seven to eight years now.

The decennial Census of India has been conducted 15 times, as of 2011. While it has been conducted every 10 years, beginning in 1872, the first complete census was taken in the year 1881. Post 1949, it has been conducted by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. All the census since 1951 are conducted under 1948 Census of India Act. The last census was held in 2011 and next census will be held in 2021.

INS Sahyadri reaches Australia for Exercise KAKADU 2018 ★

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After having been deployed to the South China Sea and Pacific Ocean for over four months, representing Indian Navy in multinational exercises MALABAR 18 at Guam and RIMPAC 18 at Hawaii, INS Sahyadri has now reached the Port of Darwin, Australia to participate in Exercise KAKADU 2018.

Exercise KAKADU, which started in 1993, is a multilateral regional maritime engagement exercise hosted by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) and supported by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF).

The exercise is held biennially in Darwin and the Northern Australian Exercise Areas (NAXA). It derives its name from Kakadu National Park.

INS Sahyadri (F49) is a Shivalik-class stealth multi-role frigate built for the Indian Navy. This class features improved stealth and land attack capabilities over the preceding Talwar-class frigates. INS Sahyadri was built at the Mazagon Dock Limited (MDL) located in Mumbai.

Justice Ranjan Gogoi - New Chief Justice of India ★

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Justice Ranjan Gogoi has taken over as the new Chief Justice of India on October 3, 2018. His name has been recommended for the post by Chief Justice of India Dipak Misra to the government.

Justice Gogoi is slated to retire on November 17, 2019. As per convention, the senior most judge of the Supreme Court is appointed the Chief Justice of India and Justice Ranjan Gogoi by virtue of his seniority should be next in line.

Justice Ranjan Gogoi was appointed a judge in the Gauhati High Court on February 28, 2001. He later became the Chief Justice of the Punjab and Haryana High Court on February 12, 2011. Justice Gogoi was elevated to the Supreme Court in April 2012.

Innovation Cell launched by Union Minister for HRD ★

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In yet another game changing initiative, the Union Minister for HRD, Shri Prakash Javadekar and Union Minister of State for HRD, Dr. Satya Pal Singh launched the Innovation Cell at AICTE, New Delhi.

Innovation cell is MHRD’s initiative and has been established at AICTE premises with a purpose to systematically foster the culture of Innovation in all Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) across the country.

The primary mandate of Innovation Cell is to encourage, inspire and nurture young stu-

Supreme Court decriminalises gay sex in landmark verdict ★

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In a landmark judgment on September 6, the Supreme Court of India struck down Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), thereby decriminalising gay sex.

The court heard petitions challenging the constitutional validity of Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code which criminalised consensual unnatural sex.

A five-judge Constitution bench of the Supreme Court headed by Chief Justice unanimously decriminalised part of the 158-year-old colonial law.

The bench, which also comprised Justices R F Nariman, A M Khanwilkar, D Y Chandrachud and Indu Malhotra, struck down Section 377 as irrational, indefensible, manifestly arbitrary and violative of the right to equality.

The Supreme Court said other aspects of Section 377 remain in force. It said bestiality would continue to be an offence.

These deal with unnatural sex with animals and children.

Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code is a section of the Indian Penal Code introduced in 1861 during the British rule of India. Modelled on the Buggery Act of 1533, it is used to criminalise sexual activities "against the order of nature".

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dents by exposing them to new ideas and processes resulting in innovative activities in their formative years fostered through Network of Innovation clubs in Higher Educational Institutions.

Prakash Javadekar was elected to the upper house Rajya Sabha as a Member of Parliament from Maharashtra in 2008, and re-elected from Madhya Pradesh in 2014.

India’s First Standardised Modern Ship Design for Ganga a Reality ★

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Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) made public 13 first standardised state-of-the-art ship designs suitable for large barge haulage on river Ganga (National Waterway-1). It will serve as an enabler for domestic shipbuilding industry working on inland vessels and open huge possibilities for cargo and passenger movement on National Waterway-1.

The Government is implementing Jal Marg Vikas Project (JMVP) for capacity augmentation of navigation on NW-1 (Varanasi-Haldia stretch) at a cost of Rs 5369.18 crore with the technical assistance and investment support of the World Bank.

Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) was created by Government of India for development and regulation of Inland waterways for shipping and navigation. IWAI is the statutory authority in charge of the waterways in India. Its headquarters is located in Noida, Uttar Pradesh.

India, US ink COMCASA deal at 2+2 dialogue ★

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A military-information sharing pact, which will give India access to the US technology to keep an eye on China and the neighbourhood, was signed at the 2+2 bilateral summit.

It was decided to conduct a new tri-Services joint exercise on the eastern coast next year. Also, a new pact was signed for cooperation between the defence innovation organisations of the two nations.

The Communications Compatibility and Security Agreement (Comcasa), which will give India access to advanced new defence systems like armed drones and will enable the armed forces to exploit existing US origin platforms much more efficiently, was inked after concerns on security raised by New Delhi were addressed and specific assurances given that there would be no disruptions even if ties take a dive.

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India's first ever Global Mobility Summit - MOVE - was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi.

Making Indian cities pollution free is the prime focus of the two-day summit organised by the NITI Aayog.

PM also stated his vision for future of mobility in India,

Assam government extends AFSPA for another six months ★

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Assam government extended Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958 (AFSPA) for another six months. Withdrawal of Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act is widely favoured in Assam following lifting of AFSPA from Meghalaya while its coverage area has been reduced in Arunachal Pradesh.

It can be applied only after an area has been declared “disturbed”. Earlier, states had the power to declare a territory thus, but in 1972, it passed to the centre.

AFSPA was first implemented in the Northeast, and then in Punjab. In September 1990, Parliament passed the Armed Forces (Jammu and Kashmir) Special Powers Act, which came into force retrospectively from 5 July 1990. The Article 355 of the Constitution of India confers power to the Central Government to protect every state from internal disturbance.

These Current Affairs are provided by the subject experts of Career Launcher

which is based on (GFX IN) 7 C's: Common, Connected, Convenient, Congestion-free, Charged, Clean and Cuttingedge.

The focus of the summit is on raising awareness about various aspects of Mobility and bringing various stakeholders involved in enhancing mobility across different platforms.

Indo-Kazakhstan Joint Exercise KAZIND ★

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India's first ever Global Mobility Summit ★

Jaipur Literature Festival (JLF) was held in Houston for the first time as part of the larger umbrella of the literary event in the US. Congress leader and writer Shashi Tharoor and Indian ambassador to the US, Navtej Sarna were attended the event in Houston, Texas, held from September 14 to 15. Sarna was one of the chief guests. ★ Hailed as one of the greatest literary shows globally, the JLF after Houston was held in New York from September 19 to 20 and from September 21 to 23 in Boulder, Colorado. ★ Jaipur Literature Festival is an annual literary festival which takes place in the Indian city of Jaipur each January. It was founded in 2006, and from 2008 has been produced by Teamwork Arts. It is the world's largest free literary festival. The 2018 Jaipur Literature Festival was organised from 25 January to 29 January at the Diggi Palace in Jaipur.

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Indo-Kazakhstan Joint Army Exercise 'KAZIND' is being conducted between the Indian and Kazakhstan Army from 10 to 23 Sep 2018 in Otar region, Kazakhstan.

This is the third joint military exercise between the two countries which have a history of extensive cooperation in the defence arena. The second edition of the exercise was held in India last year.

The aim of the exercise is to build and promote bilateral Army to Army relations and exchange skills and experiences between Kazakhstan Army and the Indian Army.

Nursultan Nazarbayev is a Kazakh statesman serving as President of Kazakhstan since the office was created on April 24, 1990. Kazakhstan is the world's largest landlocked country and the ninth largest in the world. Astana is the capital city of Kazakhstan. The tenge is the currency of Kazakhstan.

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NITI Aayog has suggested a new method..

Indian Economy 1. Which one of the following statements is correct about the 'back lease' process? a) It is a process wherein the land acquired by the government its returned to the farmer on a temporary basis b) It is a process through which farmers return their compensation back to the authority in return for the complete transfer of their land. c) It is a process by which the land acquired by the government is transferred to marginal farmers on contract-basis d) It is process wherein the land acquired and transferred in government's name is returned to villagers who claim that their 'abadi' land has been acquired.

2. Consider the following statements and select the correct code given below: 1.The Union government is finalizing a legislation to set up a water regulatory authority in every state for regulating, managing, locating and utilizing the scarce natural resources.

2.Water as a subject falls in the state government's domain 3.Arunachal Pradesh is the only state that boasts of a water regulator.

Code: a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) 1,2 and 3 3. Consider the following statements and select the correct code given below: 1. As per the latest government data, the use of bio-fertilizers in India is less than 2 percent of total cultivable area.

2. Production of bio-fertilizers had a growth rate of 22 percent in 2016-17.

Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 4. Consider the following statements and select the correct code given below: 1. There are 18 Seed banks operating In India 2. State Farms Corporation of India (SFCI) and National Seeds Corporation (NSC) directly promote the Seed banks Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 5. Select the statement which is not correct about the recently formed think tank, the NITI: a) It is a function as vehicle of good governance b) It has three specialized wings related to research, conflict resolution and team India. c) The body, in a sense, subsumes the National Development Council in its Governing Council-this gives it more legitimacy d) It has to develop a holistic and inclusive development model for the economy integrating the needs of Centre, states and the local bodies 6. In case of an increase in the rate of inflation which one of the following will be the natural outcome/outcomes?

Select your answer using the code given below: 1. Government's wage payment expenditures I increase.

2. Savings on account of loan servicing will neutralise Government's increased expenditures due to wages Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

7. Select the correct one/s related to Indian economy, using the code given below: 1.In the periods of increased inflation rates, companies use inflation accounting to have better view of their profits.

2. Infrastructural weaknesses is a major cause of the bottleneck inflation in an economy Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 8. Select the correct statement/statements using the code given below: 1. Industrial lockouts caused by the striking contractual labour has increased during the last 5 years, which indicates

behalf of a country's Central Bank 3. Category-II are the regulated entities as Mutual Funds supervised by their regulatory bodies in their countries of origin 4. Category - III entities fall in CategoryI or Category -II which have been recently asked by the SEBI not to issue P-Notes Code: a) 1,2 and 3 b) 2,3 and 4 c) 1,3 and 4 d) 1,2,3 and 4 14. Which of the following is/are the benefit/s of the marginal cost of fund based lending rage(MCLR)? Use the code given below to select your answer?

1. Better transmission of the RBI's policy rates into the bank lending rates.

2. Enhanced competition among the

FOR ALL COMPETITIVE EXAMS

immediate need of labour reforms in India pending since long 2. Increasing labour unrest in India is emerging as the main determinant in attracting FDI Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 9. Select the correct statement/statements using the code given below: 1. Marginal Standing Facility(MSF) may be seen as a special case of the reverse repo rate 2. MSF as an inbuilt mechanism of checking inflation Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 10. Which of the GoI announces the Minimum Support Price(MSPs) for the different crops in India what does the term 'FAQ' stands for? a) Frequently Asked Question b) Fair Average Quotient c) Freshness Agri Quote d) None of these 11. Select the odd-man out: a) Base Rate b) Bank Rate c) Repo Rate d) Reverse Repo Rate 12. Which of the following PSUs has decided t set up 5 medical colleges in Talcher, Ranchi, Dhanbad and Mahendragarh? a) BCCL b) SAIL c) BALCO d) None of the Above 13. Participatory Notes(P-Notes) were in news recently. Select the correct ones from the given statements, using the code given below: 1. SEBI has classified three possible Categories of P-Notes issuing FIIs in the country.

2. Category-I are the offshore government entities/institutions investing solely on

banks Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 15. Which one of the following statement is incorrect about Reverse Mortgage? a) It is a kind of loan through which one can get cash flow serially in return for pledging a property to a bank b) It is the conveyance of an asset by a borrower to a lender as security for a loan c) This scheme originated in the USA d) The eligibility criteria set by the RBI states that the person should be above 60 years of age and own a home to avail this mortgage 16. NITI Aayog has suggested a new method the 'price deficiency payment'for farmers which is consistent with India's agricultural obligations to the WTO. Select the statement which is not correct about it: a) It suggests to pay a bonus price above the minimum support price(MSP) announced for a crop which will be not more than the market price of the crop. b) It looks into the prices in the mandis regulated by the Agriculture Produce Market Committee(APMC) of the states c) Farmers to get a maximum payment of the difference between the MSP and market price of a crop d) The technology platform of direct benefit transfer(DBT) is to be used for the purpose.

17. Select the correct code about the 'Support to State Extension Programme (SSEP): 1. A centrally sponsored scheme to promote agricultural extension services 2. It involves NGOs, PRIs, agri-preneurs, corporate sector, etc.

3. It is under Public-Private - Partnership mode Code: a) Only b) 2 and 3 c) 1 and 3 d) 1,2 and 3 18. Consider the following statements about the idea of 'inclusive growth' and select the correct ones using the code given below: 1. The idea of 'inclusive growth' entered into the domain of planning with the 11th plan 2. This is not only about economic but 'social' inclusion, too.

3. Including SCs, STs, OBCs, Minorities and Women is the main idea.

4. The 3rd Generation of Economic

Reforms runs parallel to the idea of inclusive growth Code: a) 1,2 and 3 b) 2,3 and 4 c) 1,3 and 4 d) 1,2,3 and 4 19. Select the incorrect statement/statements about the NSEL which was recently in news, using the code given below: 1. This is NSE(National Stock Exchange) promoted commodity 'spot trading' 2. NCDEX spot and R-Next are the other such platforms 3. Commodity exchanges in India are regulated by the Ministry of Consumer Affairs under the Forward Contract Regulation Act 1989 4. Spot contracts have to be completed within 11 days, as per the Act. a) 1 and 2 b) 2 and 3 c) 2 and 4 d) 1 and 3 20. Select the correct statement/s related to the monetary policy announced by the RBI, using the code: 1. LAF includes repo, term repo and reverse repo 2. RBI always keeps marginal standing facility rate higher than the repo rate.

Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 21. Which one is correct about national income of India at the constant prices?

1. It s inclusive of all indirect taxes-product and production 2. It is exclusive of all of the subsidies enjoyed by either producers or consumers enjoyed by either producers or consumers Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 22. Which of the following step/steps may check inflation from rising in case of higher inflation of the primary item?

Select your answer using the code given below: 1. Austerity if onion, ,mustard oil have become costlier 2. Rationed supply of the costlier items Code: a) Only1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 23. Select the correct aim/s of the RBI's 'Liquidity management framework' by code: 1. Reducing volatility in the call rate 2. Medium term stability in the loan market Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2 24. Select the correct statement/statements regarding India's trade in uranium using the code given below: 1. India exported uranium to three countries namely France, Russia and Kazakhstan in the last five years 2. India did not import any uranium in the last five years Code: a) Only 1 b) Only 2 c) 1 and 2 d) Neither 1 nor 2

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5) 2; 糧鰲 çÜ*_…^ól çÜ…QÅ H¨?

3) 81 4) 85 15. JMýS MøyŠæ ¿êçÙÌZ gri chri¯]l$ brand 6. MìS…§ýl C_a¯]l ÐéÇÌZ JMýSrÐ]l Ð]lÆý‡$çÜÌZ 1) 3 2) 6 3, 7, 14, 32, 58, ?

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11

The synonym of corrugated is..

K. Lalitha Bai Subject Expert

Model Questions Directions (Q.No.1-5): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical mistake/ error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. Mark the number of that part with error as your answer. If there is 'No error', mark (5) as your answer.

1. The initial reports of the train accident in Amritsar (1)/ suggested that over 50 killed (2)/ when the Dussera revellers were watching (3)/ the burning of the Ravan close the track. (4)/ No error (5) 2. The widespread agitations center around (1)/ the hill shrine of Sabarimala (2)/ will have farreaching ripples (3)/ in the state's political waters. (4)/ No error (5) 3. Several districts along the Siang River in Arunachal Pradesh have been put on high alert (1)/ keeping in mind the possibility of flash floods (2)/ after China informed India about a landslide blocking a river in Tibet (3)/ leading to the formation of a artificial lake. (4)/ No error (5) 4. The award-winning photograph

by Arshdeep (1)/ which features a couple of owlets nesting inside a pipe, (2)/ which was captured while he was on the way (3)/ to a wetland in Punjab's Kapurthala District. (4)/ No error (5) 5. Swami Paripoornananda, head of Sree Peetham, who has also written a book (1)/ on Prime Minister Narendra Modi titled, Third Eye, (2)/ joined the BJP (3)/ in the presence of party president Amit Shah in New Delhi. (4)/ No error (5) Directions (Q.No. 6-10): Each question below has a blank/ two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Choose the word/ set of words from the five options for each blank that best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

6. Although he was typically ____ and outgoing, Dayanand also needed a lot of time alone to relax and recharge.

1) idiosyncratic 2) elusive 3) wary 4) fatigue 5) gregarious 7. The Indonesian tidal wave ____ terrible suffering and the grief in that country is ____.

1) wrought, pervasive 2) brought, experienced 3) created, contained 4) wreak, controlled

5) inflict, proscribed 8. The defense lawyer claims the prosecutor ____ with ____ not with reason.

1) reasons, creativity 2) argues, sophistry 3) defends, values 4) objects, imagination 5) disputes, thoughts 9. The board of directors met for a ____ to examine recent financial ____.

1) writing, tardiness 2) dissertation, lateness 3) disquisition, irregularities 4) treatise, promptness 5) exposition, reliability 10. Police were able to prevent ____ because officers discovered a secret plot by ____.

1) treason, major 2) sedition, loyalists 3) insurrection, partisans 4) subversion, rebels 5) mutiny, stalwarts Directions (Q.No. 11-12): Each question below has five options with a set of words in each option, find the odd one out from the options and mark it as your answer.

11. 1) tractate, memoir 2) rescindment, defeasance 3) supplant, supersede 4) penchant, antipathy 5) appose, connect 12. 1) obscure, cleanse 2) bedlam, peace 3) extinct, extant 4) basal, vital 5) impasse, boon Directions (Q.No. 13-17): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in a proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.

A) In medieval Europe, it was customary to feast the poor at the funeral in return for their prayers for the deceased.

B) If the recipient makes material return of more than a token value, the transaction is normally not called charity.

C) Most forms of charity are concerned with providing basic necessities such as food, water, clothing, healthcare and shelter but other actions may be performed as charity: visiting the imprisoned or the homebound, ransoming captives, educating orphans, even social movements.

D) With regards to religious aspects, the recipient of charity may offer to pray for the benefactor.

E) Donations to causes that benefit the unfortunate indirectly, such as donations to fund cancer research, are also charity.

F) Institutions may commemorate benefactors by displaying their

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names, up to naming buildings or even the institution itself after the benefactors.

What is the SECOND sentence after rearrangement?

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E What is the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) E What is the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?

1) A 2) B 3) D 4) E 5) F What is the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?

1) B 2) A 3) C 4) D 5) E What is the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement?

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) F

Directions (Q.No. 18-20): Which of the phrases (1), (2), (3), and (4) given below each sentence should replace the phrase underlined in the sentence to make it grammatically correct? If there is no error mark (5) No correction required as your answer.

18. Neither my mother nor my father, both of whom are English professors, agree with my contention that James Joyce's novel Ulysses is overrated.

1) agrees with my contention that James Joyce's novel Ulysses is overrated.

2) agree with my contention that Ulysses, a novel by James Joyce is overrated.

3) agree my contention that James Joyce's novel Ulysses is overrated.

4) agreed with my contention that James Joyce's novel Ulysses is overrated.

5) No correction required 19. Although Samson once championed the charity, he changed his mind after journalist linked its origin to a corrupt individual.

1) has once championed the charity 2) had once championed the charity 3) was a champion of the charity 4) championed the charity at one time

5) No correction required 20. Of the numerous decisions facing the Supreme Court this term, the question of an individual's right to die is for certain the more perplexing.

1) the question of an individual's right to die is for certainly perplexing 2) it seems certain that the more perplexing is the question of an individual's right to die 3) the question of an individual's right to die is certainly the most perplexing 4) it seems certain the question of an individual's right to die is the most perplexing 5) No correction required Directions (Q.No. 21-25) Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.

Certain words have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

One recent example of industrial hyper growth has taken place in the recycling industry, led by the rapid expansion of the recycled paper market. Though many laws were enacted in the late 1980s to encourage (and in some cases require) the collection of waste paper for recycling, there were not, at that time, companies with sufficient capacity to recycle it all.

Consequently the collected paper accumulated in storage, usually at the expense of the recycling companies, thereby adding to their overhead and squeezing their already thin profit margins. Today a different situation exists. Fifty-seven new paper mills have been built since 1991, and of these, at least twenty-nine use recycled fiber. This surge in capacity has resulted in a concurrent rise in profits. The price per Ton of waste paper has quadrupled in the past year, as have the prices of corrugated cardboard and used newsprint. Trash haulers have benefited from these conditions by combining their trash hauling and recycling operations.

Recycling centers are connected both to the clients to whom they sell end products and to those from whom they collect refuse; thus, the company gets paid twice for the same trash, once for hauling the waste and once for selling the usable material.

Industry profits have increased more than tenfold during this period. As the industry has become more competitive, some haulers have chosen to rebate a portion of this money to their clients in the hopes of ensuring their loyalty.

21. According to the passage, which of the following is a reason for the increase in profits in the trash hauling business?

1) Haulers' ability to sell both services and products.

22.

23.

24.

25.

2) Money offered by haulers to preferred customers.

3) Foresight exhibited by the leaders of the industry.

4) Haulers' willingness to adapt technology to a changing industry.

5) Passage of stricter environmental legislation.

It can be inferred from the passage that the price of waste paper 1) will increase steadily over the next few years 2) will increase as more companies get involved in the industry 3) is closely related to the availability of trash haulers 4) is not as important to trash haulers as the price they charge for hauling waste 5) is sometimes set by the weight of the product The author of the passage would most likely agree with which of the following?

1) Competition between trash haulers and recyclers will prevent the recycled paper industry from reaching its full economic potential.

2) Pressure from anti-environmental groups has increased pressure on the government to oppose recycled paper initiatives.

3) The recycled paper industry may continue to grow at its present rate as long as the industry remains profitable.

4) The profit-seeking of recyclers have overshadowed environmental concerns in the recycled paper industry.

5) Government negligence prevented the recycled paper industry from becoming successful until the early 1990's.

According to the passage, all of the following are results of the increase in the number of new mills using recycled finer except 1) The price of waste paper has risen dramatically.

2) Trash haulers are earning increased revenues.

3) Profits at recycling centers have increased more than tenfold.

4) The price of corrugated cardboard has risen.

5) Trash haulers have been forced to compete with recyclers.

The synonym of corrugated is: 1) Smooth 2) Downy 3) Fluffy 4) Grooved 5) Level

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3. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ ½¯Œþ ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 1. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 1. ™éÆæÿMæü 4. AÌêÏ-E-©ª¯Œþ SÍj 2. »êºÆŠÿ 2. QÄæý*ÌŒý 13. D {Mìü…¨ ÐéÇÌZ Æ>f-«§é-°° ÌêçßZÆæÿ$ ¯èþ$…yìþ 3. LÆæÿ…Væü-gôýº$ 3. VæüÐéÓ-Í‹Ü ÉìþÎÏMìü Ðèþ*Ææÿ$µ ^óþíܯèþ §ðþÐèþÆæÿ$?

4. C{ºïßý… ÌZyìþ 4. §æþ–糧Šþ 1. CÌŒý-™èþ$™Œþ-Ñ$‹Ù 24. CÝëÏ… Ðèþ$™èþ… {´ëÆæÿ…¿æý-Ððþ$O¯èþ Ôèý™éºª…?

3. GÐèþÇ ç³Ç-´ë-˯é M>Ë-Ðèþ$$ÌZ §æþ„ìü×ý ¿êÆæÿ™èþ §óþÔèý2. SÎjË$ 1. {MîüçÜ$¢ ç³NÆæÿÓ… 3Ðèþ Ôèý™éºª… Ðèþ$$¯èþ$ fÆÿ$$…^èþ$r ç³NÇ¢ AÆÿ$$-¯èþ¨?

3. ™èþ$VæüÏ-MŠüË$ 2. {MîüçÜ$¢ ç³NÆæÿÓ… 5Ðèþ Ôèý™éºª…

1. »ê˾¯Œþ 4. Ðèþ$Ðóþ$-Ë$-MŠüË$ 3. {MîüçÜ$¢ ç³NÆæÿÓ… 6Ðèþ Ôèý™éºª…

2. AÌêÏ E©ª¯Œþ SÎj 14. D {Mìü…¨ ÐéÇÌZ §æþMæüP¯Œþò³O §æþ…yæþ-Äæý*{™èþ ^óþíܯèþ 4. {MîüçÜ$¢ ç³NÆæÿÓ… 7Ðèþ Ôèý™éºª…

3. íœ$Äæý*-çÜ$©ª¯Œþ ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü Ððþ$$§æþsìý ÉìþÎÏ çÜ$ÌꢯŒþ GÐèþÆæÿ$?

25. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ BÝë¦-¯èþ…-ÌZ° {ç³Ðèþ$$Q MæüÑ?

4. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ ½¯Œþ ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 1. CÌŒý-»ñý-Ç-sŒýË$ 1. ½Ææÿ¾ÌŒý 4. Mæü$™èþ$»Œý Ò$¯éÆŠÿ A¯èþ$ ¯éÐèþ$Ðèþ$$ GÐèþÇ õ³Ææÿ$ Ò$§æþ Ðèþ_a2. SÎjË$ 2. ™èþ$Ë-ïÜ-§é‹Ü ¯èþ¨?

3. ™èþ$VæüÏ-MŠüË$ 3. »ñýOÆ>-ÐŒþ$-Rꯌþ 1. CÌŒý-™èþ$™Œþ Ñ$‹Ù 4. Ðèþ$Ðóþ$-Ë$-MŠüË$ 4. ÆæÿïßýÐŒþ$ 2. çÜ$ÌꢯŒþ ÆæÿhÄæý* 3. Mæü$™èþ$-º$-©ª¯Œþ IºMŠü 4. RêÓgê Mæü$™èþ$-º$-©ª-¯Œþ5. B{V> ¯èþVæü-Æ>°² °ÇÃ…_¯èþÐéÆæÿ$?

1. AÌêÏE-©ª-¯Œ SÎj 2. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ & ½¯Œþ & ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 15. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ ½¯Œþ ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü M>Ë…ÌZ ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþ-Ôé°² çÜ… 26. ¿êÆæÿ™èþ §óþÔèý…ò³O A«¨Mæü {糿êÐèþ… ^èþ*í³¯èþ Ððþ$$VæüÌŒý 3. íœÆøgŒý ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü çÜ…çÜP-−–†? §æþ-ÇØ…_¯èþ C»Œý² º™èþ*M> H gê¡-Äæý$$yæþ$?

4. íÜMìü…§æþÆŠÿ ÌZyìþ 1. ¿æýÐèþ¯èþ °Æ>Ã×ý…

1.

Dhç ³ #t gê¡Ä æ ý $ $yæ þ $ 6. {Mìü…¨ ÐéÇÌZ Ððþ$$rt-Ððþ$$-§æþsìý ¿êÆæÿ™èþ Ðèþ$íßýâê ´ëË-Mæü$2. ¯èþ–™èþÅ…

2. ¯ðþOi-ÇÄæý* gê¡-Äæý$$yæþ$ Æ>-Ë$ GÐèþ-Ææÿ$?

3. _{™èþ-Ìôý-Q¯èþ…

3. C¤-Äñý*-í³Äæý* §óþÔèý-çÜ$¦yæþ$ 1. ^é…§Šþ ½½ 4. Õ˵-Mæüâæý 4. Ððþ$$Æ>Mø §óþÔèýçÜ$¦yæþ$ 2. ÆæÿhÄæý* çÜ$Ìꢯé 16. ¿êÆæÿ™èþ §óþÔèý…ÌZ »ê°çÜ Ðèþ…Ôé°² Ýë¦í³…_¯èþ Mæü$™èþ$- 27. Ððþ$$Væü-Ë$Ë$ gê† ç³Ææÿ…V>?

3. ¯èþ*Ææÿj-ௌþ 1. Ðèþ$…Vø-Ë$Ë$ º$-©ª¯Œþ IºMŠü Ððþ$$§æþr GÐèþÇ Ðèþ§æþª »ê°-çÜV> E¯é²4. Ðèþ$$…™égŒý 2. AÆæÿ-º$¾Ë$ yæþ…sôý....

7. H ÉìþÎÏ çÜ$ÌꢯŒþ Ððþ$$rt-Ððþ$$-§æþsìý QÎ-¸ë¯èþ$ A¿æýÅ-Ǧ…_ 3. béVæü-¡Ë$ 1. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ çœ$f± ò³r$t-ºyìþ Ý뫨…_¯èþÐéÆæÿ$?

4. rÆæÿ$PË$ 2. çÙÐèþ$$Þ-©ª¯Œþ CË¢-Ñ$‹Ù 1. »ê˾¯Œþ 28. GÐèþÇ M>Ìê°² Ððþ$$Væü-Ë$Ë çÜÓÆæÿ~-Äæý$$-Væü…V> í³Ë$Ýë¢Ææÿ$?

3. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ òœ*È 2. CË$¢™ŒþÑ$‹Ù 1. Úëf-ௌþ 4. íœ$Äæý*-k-©ª¯Œþ »ê˾¯Œþ 3. fÌêË$©ª¯Œþ SÎj 2. §éÆ> íÙMø 17. AÔZ-MŠü çÜ*¦ç³-Ðèþ$$¯èþ$ ÉìþÎÏMìü ™ðþ_a¯èþ çÜ$Ìꢯèþ$?

4. íœÆ>&™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 3. LÆæÿ…Væü-gôýº$ 1. çœ$$çÜ$-©ª¯Œþ ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 8. ´ë°-ç³sŒý Ðèþ§æþª »êº-ÆŠ Kyìþ…_¯èþ çÜ$ÌꢯŒþ GÐèþÆæÿ$?

4. fçßý…XÆŠÿ 2. íœÆøgŒý ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 1. íÜMìü…§æþÆŠÿ ÌZyìþ 29. çßý$Ðèþ*-Äæý$$¯Œþ C™èþ-°Mìü ™èþ…{yìþ?

3. AÌêÏ-E-©ª¯Œþ SÎj 2. Mæü$™èþ$-º$-©ª¯Œþ IºMŠü 1. fçßý…XÆŠÿ 4. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$Ã-§Šþ-½¯Œþ ™èþ$VæüÏMŠü 3. Ðèþ$$ÌꢯŒþ 2. Úë BËÐŒþ$ 18. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ Væüh° ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþÔèý… Ò$§æþ §éyìþ ^óþõÜ…

4. C{ºïßý… ÌZyìþ 3. LÆæÿ…Væü-gôýº$ §æþ$Mæü$ VæüË Ðèþ$$QÅ M>Ææÿ×ý…?

9. Mæü$™èþ$»Œý Ñ$¯éÆŠÿ Mæürt-yé°² ç³NÇ¢ ^óþíܯèþ ÐéÆæÿ$?

4. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 1. ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþÔèý… çÜ…ç³-§æþ¯èþ$ MöËÏ-Vö-r$t-rMæü$ 1. ÆæÿhÄæý* çÜ$Ìꢯé 30. fçßý…XÆŠÿ ^èþ{Mæü-ÐèþÇ¢ §æþÆ>¾-Ææÿ$Mæü$ çÜÆŠÿ £éÐèþ$‹Ü Æø¯èþ$ 2. ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþ-Ôèý…ÌZ Ýë{Ðèþ*fÅ… ¯ðþË-Mö-Ë$µ-rMæü$ 2. CÌŒý™èþ$™Œþ Ñ$‹Ù Æ>Äæý$-»ê-ÇV> ç³…í³-¯èþ¨ GÐèþÆæÿ$?

3. ¿êÆæÿ-™ŒþÌZ CÝëÏ… Ðèþ$™é°² ÐéÅí³¢ ^óþÄæý$$-rMæü$ 3. »ê˾¯Œþ 1. ^éÆðÿÏ‹Ü Æ>k&2 4. ¿êÆæÿ-™Œþ-ÌZ° {ç³RêÅ™èþ ^óþ† ç³°ÐéÇ° ç³r$t-Mö° 4. Mæü$™èþ$-º$-©ª¯Œþ 2. gôýÐŒþ$Þ Æ>k&1 ÐðþâôýÏ…§æþ$Mæü$ 10. ¿æý*Ðèþ$$-˯èþ$ „æü$×ý~-Ðèþ$$-V>¯èþ$, çÜÇ-Äñý$O¯èþ 糧æþ®-†-ÌZ¯èþ$ 3. Ë*Æÿ$$ &14 çÜÆóÿÓ-^óþ-íܯèþ ™èþÆæÿ$-Ðé™èþ õÙÆŠÿ Úë ¿æý* íÜçÜ$¢¯èþ$ D {Mìü…¨ 19. M>Ë-¯é-ÆŠÿÌZ ç³sêt-À-õÙ-MæüÐèþ$$ ¯ésìýMìü AMæü¾ÆŠÿ ÐèþÄæý$çÜ$Þ?

4. GÍ-gñý-»ñý™Œþ Æ>×ìý &1 ÐéÇÌZ GÐèþ-Ç™ø ¯óþÆæÿ$V>ü ç³Ç-çÙP-Ç…^èþ$-Mö-¯ðþ¯èþ$?

1. 15 çÜ…Ðèþ-™èþÞ-Ææÿ-Ðèþ$$-Ë$ 31. ¿êÆæÿ™èþ §óþÔé°² ´ëÍ…_¯èþ Ððþ$$çœ$-Ë$Ë$ ÐéçÜ¢-Ðèþ…V> 2. 14 çÜ…Ðèþ-™èþÞ-Ææÿ-Ðèþ$$-Ë$ 1. AÒ$¯Œþ GÐèþÆæÿ$?

2. íÙMŠü-§éÆŠÿ 3. 20 çÜ…Ðèþ-™èþÞ-Ææÿ-Ðèþ$$-Ë$ 1. ™èþ$Ææÿ$-çÙ$PË$ 3. Ðèþ$$°Þ-‹œ&I&Ðèþ$$°Þ-¸ë¯Œþ 4. 18 çÜ…Ðèþ-™èþÞ-Ææÿ-Ðèþ$$-Ë$ 2. Ðèþ$…Vø-Ë$Ë$ 4. ÐèþÅÐèþ-Ýë-Äæý$-§é-Ææÿ$Ë$ 20. fçßý…XÆæÿ$ Æ>f-Ýë¦-¯èþ-Ðèþ$$¯èþ$ çÜ…§æþ-ÇØ…_¯èþ B…VóüÏÄæý$ 3. B眃-¯èþ$Ë$ ÐèþÆæÿ¢-Mæü$° õ³Ææÿ$?

11. ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþ-Ôèý…ÌZ íœÆæÿ…W §æþâæý-Ðèþ$$¯èþ$ Ððþ$$rt-Ððþ$$-§æþ-rV> 4. AÆæÿ-º$¾Ë$ Eç³-Äñý*-W…_-¯èþ¨?

1. yé°-Äæý$ÌŒý 32. BMæü¾ÆŠÿ ÆðÿÐðþ¯èþ*Å Ðèþ$…{†?

2. {MìüÝùt-çœÆŠÿ 1. sñýOÐèþ$ÆŠÿ 1. Æ>gê-Ðèþ*¯Œþ íÜ…VŠü

GENERAL AWARENESS

2. Æ>×ê {糙鋳 íÜ…VŠü 3. ½ÆŠÿíÜ…VŠü º$…§óþÌê 4. Æ>gê ™øyæþ-ÆŠÿ-Ðèþ$ÌŒý 33. hhÄæý* 糯èþ$²¯èþ$ Ææÿ§æþ$ª ç³Ææÿ-_-¯èþ¨?

1. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 2. LÆæÿ…Væü-gôýº$ 3. »êºÆŠÿ 4. fçßý…XÆŠÿ 34. Ððþ$$VæüË$ Ýë{Ðèþ*fÅ… JMæü Æ>f-MîüÄæý$ ÐéçÜ¢-Ðèþ…V>, ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþÔèý iÐèþ-¯èþ…ÌZ çÜÆæÿÓ{™èþ JMæü Ñyæþ-©-Äæý$-Æ>° {糿ê-Ñ™èþ A…Ôèý…V> Ææÿ*´÷…¨…¨ GÐèþÇ M>Ë…ÌZ? 1. »êºÆŠÿ 2. çßý$Ðèþ$Äæý$*¯Œþ 3. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 4. fçßý…XÆŠÿ 35. _ÐèþÇ Ððþ$$VæüË$ ^èþ{Mæü-ÐèþÇ¢ ºçßý-§æþ*-ÆŠÿÚë gêçœÆŠÿ {¼sîý‹Ù ÐéÇ ^ðþÆæÿÌZ E…yæþ-V>¯óþ GMæüPyæþ Ðèþ$Ææÿ-×ìý…^éyæþ$?

1. ÉìþÎÏÌZ 2. Ææÿ…Væü*-¯ŒþÌZ 3. A…yæþ-Ðèþ*¯Œþ ©Ðèþ#-ËÌZ 4. ÌêçßZ-ÆŠÿÌZ 36. ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþ-Ôèý…ÌZ Ððþ$$VæüÌŒý Ðèþ…Ôé°² Ýë¦í³…_…¨?

1. õÙÆŠÿ Rꯌþ 2. C{ºïßý… ÌZyìþ 3. çßý$Ðèþ$-Äæý$*¯Œþ 4. »êºÆŠÿ 37. Ððþ$$VæüÌŒý ^èþ{Mæü-Ðèþ-Ææÿ$¢-ËÌZ _Ðèþ-Ç-Ðéyæþ$?

1. ºçßý$-§æþ*ÆŠÿ Úë &2 2. Úë BË…&2 3. Ðèþ$çßý-Ðèþ$çŠþ Úë 4. çœÆæÿ$RŒý íÙÄæý*ÆŠÿ 38. } Æ>Ðèþ$$° Ææÿ*ç³-_-çßý²…™ø JMæü A…Væü$âæý… ÐéÅçÜ…

VæüË Ððþ…yìþ ¯é×ôý°² gêÈ ^óþíܯèþ ¿êÆæÿ-™èþ-§óþ-Ôèýç³# JMóü JMæü Æ>k {Mìü…¨ ÐéÇÌZ GÐèþÆæÿ$?

1. ^èþ…{§æþ-Væü$-ç³¢-Ðèþ˜-Ææÿ$Åyæþ$ 2. } Mæü–çÙ~-§óþ-Ðèþ-Æ>-Äæý$$Ë$ 3. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 4. õÙÆ>Û çÜ*Ç 39. E™èþ¢-Æ>¯èþ M>ÖÃ-Ææÿ$ ¯èþ$…yìþ §æþ„ìü-×ê¯èþ †Ææÿ$-_-Æ>-ç³ÍÏ ÐèþÆæÿMæü$ ™èþ¯èþ Ýë{Ðèþ*-fÅ-Ðèþ$$¯èþ$ ÑçÜ¢-Ç…ç³-^óþ-íܯèþ Ððþ$$VæüÌŒý ^èþ{Mæü-ÐèþÇ¢?

1. AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 2. çßý$Ðèþ*-Äæý$*¯Œþ 3. LÆæÿ…Væü-gôýº$ 4. fçßý…XÆŠÿ 40. GÐèþ-Ç° Kyìþ…_ »êºÆŠÿ Ððþ$$VæüÌŒý Ýë{Ðèþ*fÅ Ýë¦ç³-¯èþMæü$ ¯é…¨ ç³Í-M>yæþ$?

1. §úË™Œþ Rꯌþ ÌZyìþ 2. C{ºïßý… ÌZyìþ 3. Æ>×ê çÜ…Væü 4. AÌêÏ E©ª¯Œþ SÎj 41. ™èþÐèþ$ A¯èþ$-¿æý-ÐéͲ gêqç³-M>Ͳ {Væü…£æþçܦ… ^óþíܯèþ C§æþªÆæÿ$ Ððþ$$VæüÌŒý ^èþ{Mæü-Ðèþ-Ææÿ$¢-Ìñý-ÐèþÆæÿ$?

1. »êºÆŠÿ, çßý$Ðèþ$-Äæý$*¯Œþ 2. çßý$Ðèþ$-Äæý$*¯Œþ, AMæü¾ÆŠÿ 3. »êºÆŠÿ, fçßý…XÆŠÿ 4. fçßý…XÆŠÿ, Úëf-ௌþ 1.3 5.4 9.2 13.3 17.2 21.3 25.4 29.4 33.1 37.1 41.1

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4.4 8.4 12.3 16.3 20.4 24.4 28.1 32.4 36.4 40.2