Islam sathyamargham by മലയാളി

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am多-Kw-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Fw.Fw. AIv_¿

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

\n®v Hm^v {SqØv

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

islam sathyamargham (malayalam) author: m.m. akbar first edition: november 1995 second edition: june 1996 third edition: december 2002 publishers: niche of truth, kalabhavan road, kochi-18. cover page: yoonus.k.k type setting: creative meida printing: screen offset, cochin-18

Cu- tem-IØn-s\m-cp- {kjv-Sm-hp-≠v ˛ Po-h≥- \¬-Inhmbp-hpw- sh≈hpw- ku-Icy-s∏Sp-Øn- `q-an-sb Po-hn-XtbmKyam-°n-b ]caIm-cp-Wn-I\m-b {kjv-Sm-hv- ˛\mw- Chn-sS Fßs\ Po-hn-°Wsa∂pw- Cu- Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d ]cae£ywFs¥∂pw- Zq-X∑m¿- ap-tJ\ {kjvS- m-hv- \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-®p.- \ΩpsS Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d IW°v- acWtijw- \mw- {kjvS- m-hn-s≥d ap-ºn¬- t_m-[n-∏n-t°≠n-hcpw.- A∂v- ]p-Wyw- sNbv-Xh\v\∑bpw- ]m-]w- sNbv-Xh\v- Xn-∑bpw- {]Xn-^ew- In-´pw.- AXn\m¬- {kjv-Sm-hv- Xs≥-d Zq-Xcn-eq-sS \¬-In-b \n¿-tZia\p kcn-®v- Po-hn-°p-Ibm-Wv- a\p-jy-s≥-d c£m-am¿-Kw.\Ωp-sS tem-I {kjvS- m-hv- \¬-In-b \n¿-tZi kw-ln-XbmWv- Jp¿-B≥.- ap-lΩZv- \_n-bn-eq-sS Ah≥- B ktµiwa\p-jy¿-s°Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp.- CXdn-™hcpw- Adn-bm-Ø hcpw- \ap-°n-Sbn¬- D≠v.- tem-Isc ap-gp-h≥- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥d ktµiadn-bn-°¬- AXdn-™hcp-sS _m-[y-Xbm-Wv.- AXn \m-bn- cq-]o-Ir-Xam-b Hcp- {]kv-Ym-\am-Wv- \n-®v- Hm-^v- {SqØv.\m-Ym-...- kXy-aX ktµi {]Nm-cWØn-\p- th≠n-bp≈ hn-\o-Xam-sbm-cp- kw-cw-`am-Wn-Xv.- \o- G¬-]n-® DØchmZn-ØØn-s≥-d \n¿-hlWØn-\p-th≠n-bp-≈ Ffn-b {iaw.CsXm- c p- {]Xn- ^ em¿- l am- b {]h¿- Ø \am- b n- kzo- I cnt°Wta (Bao≥).-

UbdIv-S¿-

Rs: 100

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

hm-b-\-°p- ap-ºv.........]-c-a- Im-cp-Wn-I-s≥-d- \m-a-Øn¬......C-kv-em-an-s\- s]m-Xp-hm-bn- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂- ]p-kv-X-I-ßƒa-e-bm-f-Øn¬- hn-c-f-a-√.F-∂m¬- H-cp- A-ap-kv-en-an-\v- C-kv-em-an-s≥-d- k-Xy-X-bpwC-kv-em-an-I- X-Xz-ß-fp-sS- bp-Iv-Xn-`{Z-X-bpwhy-Iv-X-am-°n-s°m-Sp-°p-hm-\p-X-Ip-∂- {K-\v-Y-ßƒh-f-sc- Ip-d-hm-sW-∂p-X-s∂- ]-d-b-Ww.A-Xn-∂m-bp-≈- H-cp- {i-a-am-Wv- Cu- ]p-kv-X-Iw.]m-I-∏n-g-hp-Iƒ- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-®p- X-cp-∂-h-tcm-SvCu- te-J-I≥- I-S-s∏-´-h-\m-bn-cn-°pw.Cu- ]p-kv-X-I-Øn-s≥-d- c-N-\-bn¬- k-lm-bn-°p-I-bpwI-sø-gp-Øp- {]-Xn- ]-cn-tim-[n-®vB-h-iy-am-b- \n¿-t±-i-ßƒ- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-X_-lp-am-\y- ]-Wv-Un-X≥sN-dn-b-ap-≠w- A-_v-Zp¬- l-ao-Zv- a-Z-\ntbmSp-≈I-S-∏m-Sv- A-£-c-ß-fn-sem-Xp-ßp-∂-X-√.A-t±-l-Øn-\-v A-√m-lp- A-\p-{K-l-ßƒ- \¬-Ip-I-bpw]-cn-ip-≤- a-X-sØ- tk-hn-°p-hm≥B-tcm-Ky-hpw- B-bp- pw- \¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-ø-s´- (B-ao≥).C-sX-gp-Xp-hm-\-\p-{K-ln-®- A-√m-lp-hn-\v- k¿-∆-kv-Xp-Xn-I-fpw.\-µn- ]-d-tb-≠-h¿- H-cp-]-m-Sm-Wv.t{]m-Xv-km-ln-∏n-°p-I-bpw- \n¿-t±-i-ßƒ- \-¬-Ip-I-bpw- sN-bv-X\n-®v- Hm-^v- {Sq-Øv- U-b-d-Iv-S-dm-bn-cp-∂- sI.-hn.- aq-k- kp-√-an,F-s∂- F-gp-Øp- ]-Tn-∏n-®- F-s≥-d- D-∏tate-ho-´n¬- A-_v-Zp-d-lv-am≥]-tc-X¿-°v- A-√m-lp- ]-c-tem-I- ku-Jyw{]-Zm-\w- sN-ø-s´- (B-ao≥).\m-Ym....- C-sXm-cp- {]-Xn-^-em¿-l-am-b{]-h¿-Ø-\-am-bn- kzo-I-cn-t°-W-ta- (B-ao≥).Fw.-Fw.- A-Iv-_¿-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

XmfpIfn¬... 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

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13 28 41 63 73 89 116 123 135 145 166 183 201 209 213 217 222 239 257 279

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

H∂v am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥ a\pjy≥ P∑\m PnPvRmkphmWv. Xs∂bpw X\n°p Np‰pap ≈ temIsØbpw Ipdn® At\zjWw Ahs≥d Ipń°mew apX¬ Xs∂ Bcw`n°p∂p. Ifn∏m´w X√nbpS®psIm≠v AXn \p≈nep≈sX¥msW∂dnbm\p≈ B¿Øn {]ISn∏n°p∂ sIm®pIp™v temIØns≥d bmYm¿Yyadnbm\p≈ a\p-jy[n jWbpsS HSpßmØ B{KlØns≥d {]XoIamWv. BImi Øns≥d A\¥XIfnepw B‰Øns≥d k¶o¿WXIfnepw IÆpw\ńcn°p∂ imkv{XPvR∑mcpw Cu {]]©Øns≥d bmYm¿Yyadnbm≥ th≠nbmWv {ian®psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. Hcp alm{K\vYw t]mse \ap°pap∂n¬ Xpd∂psh°s∏ń ´p≈ Cu {]]©ØnsehnsSbpw AXns≥d \n¿amXmhns≥d t]scgpXnsh®nń√. ]t£, {]]© ]pkvXIØnse Hmtcm A£chpw CXns∂mcp \n¿amXmhv BhiyamsW∂v hyIvX ambpw {]Jym]n°p∂p≠v. B \n¿amXmhns≥d kz`mhkhnti jXIsf kw_\v[n®v Hcp GItZi Nn{Xw Cu ]pkvXIØnse hmIyßƒ \¬Ip∂ps≠∂XmWv hmkvXhw. Adn™nStØmfw, {]]©Ønse Nn¥miIvXnbp≈ GI PohnbmWv a\pjy≥. Cu _rlZv{]]©Øn\v \Sphn¬ \n¬ °p∂ a\pjy≥ kzm`mhnIambpw tNmZn®pt]mIp∂ Iptd tNm Zyßfp≠v. Xs∂bpw {]]©sØbpw Ipdn®dnbm\p≈ a\pjy [njWbpsS kzm`mhnIamb tXámWv Cu tNmZyßfneqsS

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

{]ISam°s∏Sp∂Xv. \nc£ccmb a\pjy¿ apX¬ imkv{XPvR ¿ hsc Cu tNmZyßƒ tNmZn®psIm≠ncn°p∂p. a\pjy\v F ∂p _p≤niIvXnbpw Nn¥miIvXnbpap≠mtbm A∂papX¬ Ah≥ tNmZn®psIm≠ncn°p∂XmWv Cu tNmZyßƒ. hyXy kvX \mKcnIXIfpsS Ncn{Xw ]cntim[n°ptºmƒ C°mcyw \ap°v a\ nemIpw. a\pjy≥ A`napJoIcn°p∂ {]Ya tNmZyw Cu _rlØmb {]]©w \n¿an®p \SØns°m≠ncn°p∂Xv BcmsW∂p≈ XmWv. ]¿∆XØns≥d D®nbntem BgnbpsS AKm[XIfntem BImiØns≥d A\¥Xbntem H∂pwXs∂ Ch krjvSn®v ]cn]men°p∂ hyIvXnbpsS t]scgpXnsh®n´ns√∂Xv kXy amWv. ]t£,- ]¿∆XØns≥d \ne\n¬∏ns\bpw BImiØn s≥d krjvSn∏ns\bqw kap{ZØns≥d \SØn∏ns\bpw Ipdn®p ]Tn°ptºmƒ Chbv-°p]n∂n¬ APø\mb Hcp {kjvSmhps≠ ∂ bmYm¿Yyw \ap°v ap∂n¬ sXfn™phcpw, Xo¿®. \mw \sΩ°pdn®pXs∂ Nn¥n°pI; a\pjys≥d krjvSn∏n s\°pdn®v. ]nXmhv {khn°p∂ e£°W°n\v _oPßfnsem ∂v amXm-hns≥d K¿`]m{XØn¬ sh®v Afihpambn kwtbmPn ®v knIvXmfiap≠mIp∂p. Cu knIvXmfiØn\dnbn√, Xm≥ hf¿∂v ]pdØpt]mIp∂ temIØn¬ NqSpw XWp∏pw Im‰pw shfn®hpw i_vZhpw kzmZpsa√maps≠∂v. ]t£, knIvXmfiw kzbw Xs∂ hn`Pn®p≠mhp∂ 6x1014* tImißfm¬ Chsb √madnbmhp∂ Ie (tissue) Ifp≠mhp∂p. ImWphm≥ IÆpw tIƒ°phm≥ ImXpw cq]s∏Sp∂p. lrZbw, Icƒ, Bamibw XpSßnb B¥cmhbhßƒ cq]s∏Sp∂p. F√m‰nepap]cnbmbn Chsb apgp-h≥- \nb{¥n°p∂, A¬`pXßfne¬`pXamb akvXnjvIw cq]wsIm≈p∂p. Chbvs°√mw ]n∂n¬ Hcp alm \mb {kjvSmhns≥d Bkq{XnXhpw kq£vahpamb {]h¿Ø\ ßfmtWm, AX√, tIhe bmZrivNnIXbmtWm _p≤nbp≈ h¿°v ImWm≥ Ignbp∂Xv? \ΩpsS Np‰p]mSpIfnte°v ItÆmSn°pI. hyXykvXß * 6x1014=600000000000000

am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

fmb êßfp¬]mZn∏n°p∂ kkyßƒ C√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ `qanbn¬ P¥p°fpsS PohnXw Akm[yamIpambncp∂p. a\pjy \S°ap≈ P¥p°ƒ DOzkn°p∂ Im¿_ÜtbmIvsskUv hens®SpØv PohnIfpsS \nizmkhmbphmb HmIvknP≥ ]pd ØphnSp∂Xv lcnXkkyßfmWv. kkyßfns√¶n¬ P¥p° ƒt°m, P¥p°fns√¶n¬ kkyßƒt°m Pohn°m≥ hømØ AhkvY. izk\Øns≥d ImcyØn¬ am{Xa√, `£WØns≥d bpw tcmK{]Xntcm[Øns≥dbpw cwKßfn¬ Cu ]ckv]c kl IcWw ImWmw. HcpZmlcWw: kkyßƒ°v {]Xyp¬]mZ\w \SØWsa¶n ¬ B¨]qhnep≈ ]qsºmSn s]¨]qhns≥d tIkcØn¬ ]Xn °Ww. P¥p°sft∏mse Ne\kzmX{¥yap≈hb√t√m kky ßƒ. CXn\p kkyßƒ Nne jUv]ZßfpsS klmbw tXSp ∂p. B¨]qhn¬ \n∂pw ]qsºmSn s]¨]qhnseØn°p∂Xv Cu jUv]ZßfmWv. jUv]Zßsf BI¿jn°m\mWv ]pjv] ßƒ°v \ndßfpw aWhpap≈Xv. {]Xyp¬]mZ\Øn\v ]mIamb ]q-°ƒ- {]ISn∏n°p∂ \ndØnepw tX\nepw BIrjvScmsbØp ∂ jUv]ZßfpsS ImepIfneqsS Aht]mepadnbmsX ]cmK Ww \S°p∂p. XßfpsS {]Xyp¬]mZ\Øn\v klmbn°p∂ jUv]Zßƒ°v ]q°ƒ \¬Ip∂ kΩm\amWv tX≥ F∂p thWsa¶n¬ ]dbmw. F{X hyhkvYm]nXambn´mWv Imcyßƒ kwhn[m\n®ncn°p∂Xv! Chsb√mw Hcp APø\mb {kjvSmhn s≥d Bkq{XnX {]h¿Ø\ßfmbn´mtWm AX√, tIhebmZr Nv-O-nIXbpsS theIfmbn´mtWm Nn¥n°p∂ a\pjy≥ a\ n emt°≠Xv? a‰p≈ PohnIfnte°v t\m°pI: kap{ZØnse a¬kyßƒ! BImiØnse ]dhIƒ! h\yarKßƒ! ho´parKßƒ! F√m Øn\pw AhbpsS ]cnXkvYnXn°mhiyamb {]tXyIXIƒ \¬Is∏ńcn°p∂p. ]d°p∂ ]£nIfpsS AkvYnIƒ°nSbn epw XqhepIƒ°nSbnepap≈ At\Iw hmbptImißfn¬ kZm Im‰v \nd™p \n¬°p∂Xn\m¬ A\p`hs∏Sp∂ `mc°pdhv Ahbv°v ]d°m≥ klmbIambn `hn°p∂p. F∂m¬, sh≈ Øn¬ \ot¥≠ ]£nIƒ°v Cu khntijX D]Imc{]Za√m

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

ØXn\m¬ AhbpsS F√v s]m≈b√. ]I¬ CctXSp∂ ]£nIƒ°v AXn\\pIqeamb imcocnILS\bp≈t∏mƒ cm{Xn CctXSp∂ aqß, ]mXncs°m°v apXembh°v AXn\ \pIqeamb imcocnILS\bmWp≈Xv . ap´bnSp∂Xn\pw Ip™pßsf hf¿Øp∂Xn\pw th≠n ]£nIƒ \n¿an°p∂ IqSpIƒ ]cntim[n°p∂ Ghcpw A¬`pXs∏´pt]mIpw. ac s°mºnencp∂pdßp∂ ]£nbp-sS tZlw Imen¬ Aacp∂tXm sS ImepIƒ aSßpIbpw Nne amwkt]inIfpw X¥p°fpw hf™phncepIsf sImºn\pNp‰pw apdpIn°nS°m≥ klmbn °pIbpw sNøp∂Xn\m¬ acØn¬ \n∂h hoWpt]mIp∂n√. ]£nIƒ°v ]d°m\mbn \¬Is∏ńcn°p∂ NndIpIfmWv as‰mcp A¬`pXmhbhw. ]£nIfpsS icmicn thKw aWn°q dn¬ ap∏Xp apX¬ Adp]Xphsc Intemao‰dmsW¶nepw \q‰n ap∏Xv apX¬ \q‰nbºXphsc Intemao‰¿ thKXbn¬ ]d°p∂ ]£nIfpap≠v. B¬_t{Sm ns\t∏mse hfsc Zqcw NndIv A\°msX HgpIn∏d°p∂ ]£nIƒ°v hfsc \ofwIqSn hoXn Ipd™ NndIpIfmWp≈sX¶n¬, ImSsbt∏mse s]s´∂v s]m¥n DSs\ hfscthKw ]dt°≠nhcp∂ ]£nIƒ°v hoXnIqSn \ofw Ipd™ NndIpIfmWp≈Xv. IcPohnIfn¬ \ns∂mcpZmlcWw IqSn: acp°∏¬ F∂dn bs∏Sp∂ PohnbmWt√m HÍw. F¥mWnßs\ hnfn°s∏ Sm\p≈ ImcWw? acp`qanbneqsS I\Ø `mcw hln®psIm≠v Pehpw Blmchpw IqSmsX Zo¿LZqcw bm{XsNøm≥ Ignbp ∂XpsIm≠mWv HÍsØ Cßs\ hnfn°p∂Xvv. A™qdv Intem{Kmantesd `mcw hln®psIm≠v acp`qanbneqsS aWn°qdn¬ ]Xnaq∂p apX¬ ]Xn\mdphsc Intemao‰¿ thKXbn¬ Zo¿LZqcw k©cn°m≥ Ad_n HÍßƒ°v Ign bpw. ChbpsS \o≠ ImepIƒ°v `mctadnb icocsØ Xmßm \p≈ IcpØp≠v. Hmtcm Imenepap≈ c≠v hncepIƒ°nSbnse arZphmb amwk]nWvUßƒ AXns≥d ]mZsØ aWen¬ ]pX ™pt]mImsX kq£n°p∂p. Im¬ap´pIfnepw Dckn\Snbnepw ImWp∂ Ińbp≈ N¿amhcWw HÍw ap´pIpØn°nS°ptºm ƒ AXns≥d icoc`mKßƒ°v £Xta¬°mXncn°m≥ klm

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bn°p∂p. \√ ImgvNiIvXnbp≈ HÍØns≥d IÆpIƒ°p≈ \o≠ ]pcnIßtfmSpIqSnb henb I¨t]mfIƒ D{Kamb kqcyIncWßfn¬\n∂pw aW¬°m‰pIfn¬\n∂pw IÆpIsf c£n°p∂p. H∂c Intemao‰tdmfw ZqcØp≈ Pew aWØ dnbm≥ Ignbp∂ HÍßƒ°v aW¬Im‰Sn°ptºmƒ aW¬Xcn Iƒ aq°n¬ IS∂pIqSmXncn°p∂Xn\mbn CjvSm\pkcWw \mkmc{‘ßsf ASbv-°m\pw Xpd°m\pw Ignbpw. HÍØn s≥d Blmcßfmb acp`qanbnse an° sNSnIfnepw ap≈pIƒ D≈Xn\m¬ Np≠pIƒ°v £Xta¬°mXncn°m\mbn AXn s≥d ta¬®p≠v c≠mbn ]nf¿∂ncn°p∂p. HÍØns≥d apXpIn se ]q™bmWv G‰hpw henb A¬`pXw. hc≠ aWemcWy ØneqsS A¬]wt]mepw Pe]m\wIqSmsX Znhkßtfmfw k©cn°m≥ HÍØn\v Ignhv \¬Ip∂Xv Cu ]q™bmWv. [mcmfw Pehpw Blmcßfpw e`n°ptºmƒ ]q™ sImgp∏v \nd™v XSn®v hepXmIp∂p. Pew e`n°mØ AhkvYbn¬ Cu sImgp∏v inYneoIcn°s∏SpIbpw AXn¬\n∂p≠mIp∂ ssl{UP≥ AWp°ƒ izk\hmbphn¬\n∂v- e`n°p∂ HmIv knP\pambn kwtbmPn®v tImißƒ°p≈n¬ Pew \n¿an°p Ibpw icocØns≥d hnhn[ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°mbn D]tbmKs∏ SpØpIbpw sNøp∂p. PohnIƒ AhbpsS Np‰p]mSpIƒ°\ptbmPyamb coXnbn¬ krjvSn°s∏´Xn\p ]n∂n¬ k¿K[\\mb Hcp {kjvSmhns≥d IchncptXm A\v[amb bmZrN-v-O-nIXbpsS {]h¿Ø\ßtfm F¥mWv bpIvXnt_m[ap≈h¿°v IWm≥ Ignbp∂Xv? \mw Pohn°p∂ `qanbnte°v t\m°pI. kucbqYØnse HcwKamb `qansb Poh≥ krjvSn°m≥ th≠n kPvPam°s∏´ Hcp sXmńembn´mWv Nn¥n°p∂h¿s°√mw ImWm≥ IgnbpI. `qan kzbw Ccp]Øn\mep aWn°qdn¬ Hcp{]mhiyw {àWw sNøp∂Xn\m¬ cmhpw ]Iepw D≠mIp∂p. `qan kqcy\pNp‰pw Zo¿LhrØmImcamb {àW]YØn¬ icmicn 365.2564 Znhk Ønsemcn°¬ Np‰p∂p. kzbw {àWw \S°p∂Xv 230 sNcn™ \nebnemWv . Cu sNcnhn√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ `qanbnse EXpt`Zßƒ D≠mIpambncp∂n√. ùam¥co£w AXn\v Hcp

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

ta¬°qc ]WnbpIbmWv sNøp∂Xv. kqcy\n¬\n∂v- hcp∂ amcIßfmb Aƒ{Smhbe‰v civanIsf XS™p\n¿ØpIbpw \n¿tZmjnIfpw `qanbn¬ Poh≥ \ne\n¬°m≥ A\nhmcyhp amb civanIsf ISØnhnSpIbpwsNøp∂ Hmtkm¨ ]mfn C√m bncp∂psh¶n¬ `qanbn¬ Poh\v \ne\n¬]p≠mIpambncp∂n√. `qanbnte°v ]Xn®psIm≠ncn°p∂ D¬°Isf L¿jWwaqew Icn®pIf™v \in∏n°p∂ A¥co£w `qanbpsS ta¬°qcbs√¶n¬ as‰¥mWv? A¥co£ hmbp C√mbncps∂¶n¬ ]I¬kabØv `qanbnse Pew Xnf®padnbpIbpw cm{Xnkab Øv XWpØv Iń-bmhpIbpw sNøpambncp∂p. Cu Xm]\ne \nb{¥n®psIm≠v `qanbnse iotXmjvWmhkvYsb {Ias∏Sp Øp∂Xn¬ {][m\]¶p≈ Im¿_¨-UtbmIvsskUns≥d k¥pe\w \ne\n¿Øs∏SpØp∂Xv P¥p°fpsS DOzmkhmbp hnep≈ Im¿_¨-UtbmIvsskUneqsSbmWv. Hmtcm h¿jhpw icmicn 500 _ney¨ S¨ Im¿_ÜtbmIvsskUv hens®Sp °p∂p≠v, kkyßƒ. P¥p°fpsS DOzmkhmbp C√mbncps∂ ¶n¬ shdpw aq∂ph¿jw sIm≠v `qanbnse Im¿_¨-UtbmIv sskUv Xo¿∂pt]mIpambncp∂p. Aßs\ `qanbn¬ Poh≥ Akm[yamIpambncp∂p. kucbqYØnse Du¿PPØns≥d DdhnSamb kqcy≥ as‰mc ¬`pXamWv. `qanbptSXns≥d ap∏Ønaq∂v e£w Ccń `mcap≈ kqcy\nse _mly`mKsØ Dujvamhv 60000 sk¬jykv apX¬ 10000000 Un{Kn sk¬jykv hscbmWv. kqcy\pw kzbw {àWw sNøpIbpw KmeIvknbpsS tI{µØn\pNp‰pw ]cn{IaWw \S ØpIbpw sNøp∂p. kqcy-s≥d Xm]w 13 iXam\w Ipd™m¬ `qan a™v ]pX∏n\m¬ aqSs∏SpIbpw 30 iXam\w IqSnbm-¬ ChnsSbp≈ F√m PohnIfpw \in°pIbpw sNøpw. `qanbnse Hcphn[w F√m {]Xn`mkßƒ°pap≈ ImcWw kqcy\mWv. kqcy\n√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ a™v DcpIpIbn√, \Zn HgpIpIbn√, taLßƒ D≠mhpIbn√, Im‰Sn°pIbn√, ]q°ƒ hnScpIbn√, ags]øpIbn√, Poh≥ \ne\n¬°pIbn√. kqcy≥ £oc]Ysa∂ (milky way) XmcIhyql (galaxy) Ønse HcwKw am{XamWv . £oc]YØn¬ kqcys\°mƒ

am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

sNdpXpwhepXpamb ]Xn\ømbncw tImSntbmfw \£{Xßƒ Is≠Ønbn´p≠v. Cu XmcIhyqlØns≥d Hc‰Øp\n∂v at‰ A‰Ønte°p≈ Zqcw 1,20,000 {]Imih¿jamWvv. CØcØnep ≈ ]Xn\mbncw tImSnbne[nIw XmcIhyqlßsf CXn\Iw Is≠Øn°gn™n´p≠v. Chsb√mw A\p\nanjw AI∂psIm ≠ncn°pIbmWv. {]]©w hnIkn®psIm≠ncn°pIbmsW∂ ¿Yw. Cu XØ-z{]Imcw B[p\nI ]WvUnX∑m¿ ]dbp∂Xv, \aps°mcn°epw ImWm≥IgnbmØ {]ImithKØn¬ AI ∂psIm≠ncn°p∂ \£{Xhyqlßƒ D≠mIm≥ km[yXbp s≠∂mWv. CXv icnbmsW¶n¬, `uXnI{]]©Øns≥d Xs∂ ]e `mKßfpw a\pjy≥ F{X ]ptcmKan®mepw Ah∂v APvRm XambnXs∂ XpScpw. `qansb Poh∂\ptbmPyamb coXnbn¬ kwhn[m\n®Xn\pw \£{XßfpsS kr-jvSn°pw kwhn[m\Øn\psa√mw ]n∂n¬ AXpey\mb Hcp {kjvSmhns≥d iIvXnhntijßtfm AX√ bmZrNv-O-nIXtbm F¥mWv Nn¥n°p∂h¿°v ImWm≥ Ignbp ∂Xv? DØcw hyIvXamWv. DØchmZnØt_m[ap≈ Hcp \mbI s≥d A`mhØn¬ Hcp IpSpw_Xn\v \ne\n¬°m\mhns√¶n¬, iIvXamsbmcp `cWkwhn[m\an√msX Hcp cmPyØn\pw ]ptcm KXn t\Sm\mhns√¶n¬ APø\pw k¿hiIvX\pamb Hcp {kjv Smhns≥d Bkq{XWw IqSmsX Cu {]]©w kzbw D≠mIm t\m \ne\n¬°mt\m km[yXbn√. CXv km[mcW°mc≥apX¬ imkv{XPvR≥hscbp≈hcpsS XØzimkv{XamWv. km[mcW°mc≥ thentb‰ßfnepw then bnd°Ønepw alm\mb {kjvSmhns≥d AkvXnXzw Is≠Øp tºmƒ imkv{XPvR≥ Cu {]Xn`mkßƒ°v ImcWamb Kpcp XzmI¿jWØn\v \nZm\amb kv-Ye˛Im-e ss\c¥cyßfpsS \ne\n¬]n¬ APø\mb k¿hiIvXs≥d ssh`hw Is≠Øp ∂psh∂pam{Xw. c≠pw ^eØn¬ H∂pXs∂. imkv{Xw F{X Xs∂ ]ptcmKan®mepw Hcp {kjvSmhns≥d AkvXnXzw- \ntj[n °m≥ B¿°pw km[yas√∂Xv Hcp hkvXpXbmWv. am{Xhpa√, imkv{XØns≥d ]ptcmKXn AXpey\mb Hcp c£nXmhns≥d

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

IchncpXv Cu {]]©Øns≥d \ne\n¬]ns≥d ]n∂neps≠∂v hyIvXam°pIbmWv sNøp∂Xvv. CXv, a\pjyPnPvRmkbpsS {]YatNmZyØns≥d ]q¿Wamb DØcamIp∂n√. Cu {]]©Øns≥d krjvSn°pw, kvYnXn°pw ]n∂n¬ Hcp alØmb iIvXnbps≠∂v am{Xsa {]m]©nI hkvXpXIsf°pdn®p≈ ]T\Øn¬\n∂v \mw a\ nem°nbn ´p≈q. Ah≥- BcmWv? Ahs≥d kz`mhkhntijXIƒ Fs¥ms°bmWv ? Ahs\°pdn®v a\ nem°phm≥ \mw Fs¥ms° sNøWw? XpSßnb {]iv\ßƒ C\nbpw Ahti jn°p∂p. c≠maXmbp≈ a\pjys≥d At\zjWw Bcm[ys\°pdn ®mWv. {kjvSmhns\°pdn® At\zjWwt]mseXs∂ a\pjym kvXnXzØns≥d kzm`mhnIamb {]hWXbmWv Bcm[ys\°p dn® At\zjWhpw. c≠pXcw hnImcßfn¬\n∂mWv Cu At\zjWw D¬`hn°p∂Xv; IrXPvRXbpsSbpw _elo\X bpsSbpw hnImcßfn¬\n∂v. Cu `qanbn¬ Pohn®psIm≠ncn°p∂ a\pjy≥ X\n°v A]m camb A\p-{Klßƒ \¬Inb Hcp almiIvXnbpsS AkvXnXzw A\p`hn®dnbp∂p. a\pjy\v Pohn°phm\mhiyamb hmbphpw sh≈hpw btYjvSw kPvPoIcn®psh®ht\mSv Ah\v BZchv tXm∂p∂p. N{µ\nte°v t]mb _lncmImik©mcnIƒ GXm \pw \nanjt\ctØ°v izkn°phm\mbn e£°W°n\v cq] bpsS kPvPoIcWßfmWv IqsS sIm≠pt]mbsX∂dnbpI IqSn sNøptºmƒ Cu BZchv h¿[n°pIbmWv sNøp∂Xv. CjvSs]´ coXnbnep≈ `£W]Zm¿Yßƒ X\n°v ssI FØmhp∂ ZqcØXv Hcp°nsh®n´p≈ht\mSv a\pjy\v \µn tXm∂pI kzm`mhnIamWv. `£W ]Zm¿Yßƒ tXSn a‰v {Klßfntet°m D]{Klßfntet°m t]mtI≠Xn√ a\pjy\v. Ahsb√mw Ahs≥d Np‰pap≠v˛ Ah\v Bhiyap≈ coXnbn¬; Ah\njvSs∏´ kzmZpIfn¬.- Htc Np‰p]mSn¬ Htc hfw hen®p≠mIp∂ kkyßƒ Xs∂ a\pjyicocØn\m hiyamb hyXykvX PohIßfSßnb ^eßƒ D¬]mZn∏n°p ∂p. X°mfnbpsSbpw \mcßbpsSbpw B∏nfns≥dbpw ap¥ncn

am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

ßbpsSbpw Aßs\ hyXykvX -êßfpsSbpw hfßfn¬ Ahbnep≈ amwkytam PohIßtfm C√. Ah hens®Sp°p∂ PeØn¬ \mcßbpsS AæXtbm X°mfnbpsS Npat∏m B∏nfn s≥d a[pcnatbm C√. ]t£, Cu sNSnIfpsS êßfn¬ Ah sb√map≠m°nsh®Xv- \mw- A\p-`hn-°p-∂p.- CsX√mw- sNbvXp-sIm≠v a\pjy\v \ne\n¬°m\p≈ kwhn[m\samcp°nb ht\mSv ÌvXnbp≠mhpI kzm`mhnIat√? bmsXm∂pan√msX P\n°p∂ a\pjy\v BhiyambsX√mw Xs≥d Np‰p]mSpIfn¬ Hcp°nsh®ncn°p∂Xv Bcmbncp∂mepw B A\p{KlZmXmhn t\mSv am\yXbp≈ B¿°pw IrXPvRXbp≠mhpI kzm`mhn IamWv. kz¥w icocØnte°v t\m°p∂ a\pjy\n¬ Cu BZchv h¿[n°pIbmWv sNøp∂Xvv. \nkvXpeamb Hcp icocw e`n®n cn°p∂p a\pjy\v. a\pjyicocw Cu cq]ØnemIm≥ ]mSn√m bncp∂psh∂v ]dbpI t]mbn´v, C∂ Ahbhw sh® kvYm\w icnbmbns√∂v Nq≠n°mWn°m≥t]mepw ss[cyap≈ Bcpw C∂phsc D≠mbnń√. a\pjy\v \¬Is∏´Xnepw DØaamb Hcp icocsØ hn`mh\ sNøm≥t]mepw Ah\v Ignbn√. IÆp Ifpw ImXpIfpw aq°pw hmbpw \m°pw ]√pIfpw ssIIfpw ImepIfpsa√mw AXXns≥d kvYm\Øv Xs∂bmWv AXns\ krjvSn®h≥ {]XnjvTn®ncn°p∂Xv. am{Xa√, as‰mcp Pohn°pw \¬Is∏SmØ hnkvabIcamb am\knIIgnhpIfpw \¬Is∏ ńcn°p∂p a\pjy\v. Cu IgnhpIfmWv Ahs\°mƒ iIvXn bp≈ knwlsØbpw thKXbp≈ No‰∏pensbbpw hen∏ap≈ B\sbbpw \nb{¥n°m\h\v iIvXn \¬Ip∂Xv.- kpµcamb Hcp icochpw temIsØ sNm¬]Sn°p \n¿Øm≥ t]m∂ _u ≤nI IgnhpIfpw \¬Inbht\mSv ÌvXnbpw BZchpw tXm∂pI sb∂Xv kzm`mhnIamWv. C\n CXns≥d adphiw Nn¥n°pI: Xs≥d Np‰p]mSpIfnte °v t\m°p∂ a\pjy≥- a\ nem°p∂ Hcp bmYm¿Yyap≠v. Ah≥ Cu temIØv Atßb‰w AiIvX\pw Ahi\pw \n lmb\pamsW∂ hkvXpXbs{X AXv. Xs≥d AkvXnXzsØ \ne\n¿Øp∂ iIvXnIsfm∂pw Xs≥d hcpXnbnes√∂pw Ah

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

sbsbm∂pw X\n°v \nb{¥n°m≥ km[yas√∂padnbp∂ a\pjy≥ Xms\{Xam{Xw \n lmb\msW∂v a\ nem°p∂p. `qanbpsS kzbw{àWØns≥d tXmXv Hc¬]w hyXymks∏´m¬ a\pjys\∂√ Hcp PohPmehpw ChnsS \ne\n¬°pIbn√. kqcyXm]w F√mbnSØpw NnXdnhogp∂ cq]Øne√mbncp∂p `qanbpsS kzbw{àWsa¶n¬ ]I¬ PohPmeßsf√mw sh¥p cpIbpw cm{Xn XWpØv achn°pIbpw sNbvtXs\. `qanbpsS Ncnhv 23 Un{Knbn¬ \n∂pw A¬]w hyXymks∏ńcp∂psh¶n¬ kkyPmeßfpsS \ne\n¬]n\v A\nhmcyamb EXpt`Zßƒ D≠mhpIbn√mbncp∂p. A¥co£Øns≥d Hmtkm¨]mfn \o°wsNøs∏´m¬ `qanbn¬ ]ns∂ Hcp \nanjwt]mepw a\pjy kaqlw \ne\n¬°pIbn√. `qansbm∂v Ipepßnbm¬, CSnan∂ ens≥d iIvXamb {]lcØn\v hnt[bambm¬ F√mw Xs‚ PohnXw Ahkm\n°psa∂pw Chsbm∂pw X\n°v \nb{¥n°m \mhns√∂pw a\ nem°p∂ a\pjys≥d a\ n¬ \n lmbX bpsSbpw AhiXbpsSbpw hnImcßƒ apfs]m´p∂p. Chsb \nb{¥n°m≥ Xm≥ AiIvX\msW∂dnbp∂ a\pjys≥d Ic ßƒ Ahsb \nb{¥n°m≥ km[n°p∂hs≥-d t\sc DbcpI sb∂Xv kzm`mhnIamWv. Np‰p]mSpIsf am{Xa√, kzicocsØt∏mepw \nb{¥n°m≥ Xm≥ AiIvX\msW∂dnbp∂ a\pjy≥ Hcp icWØn\pw Ahew_Øn\pwth≠n B{Kln°p∂p. a\pjyakvXnjvIØn te°p≈ cIvX{]hmlw GXm\pw \nanjßƒ XSbs∏´m¬ a\pjys\∂ \ne°p≈ Ahs≥d F√m IgnhpIfpw \jvSs∏ Spw. lr-Zbw- A¬]t\ctØ°v- ]Wn-ap-S°n-bm¬- a\p-jy-s≥-d izm-kw- \n-ebv° - pw.- ico-cØn-se GsX¶n-ep-sam-cp- hy-hkvY - bv°vsNdn-sbm-cp- XIcm-dp- h∂m¬- im-co-cn-I kw-hn-[m-\ßfm-sI Xmfw -sX‰p-w.CXdnbp∂ a\pjy≥ Chsbsb√mw \nb{¥n°p∂Xv- GsXm cph\m-sW∂v At\zjn°pIbpw Aht\mSv icWwhnfn \SØp hm≥ {]tNmZnX\mhpIbpw sNøp∂p. B \nb{¥IiIvXnsb °pdn®v IqSpX¬ Adnbm\pw Ahs\ Xr]vXns∏SpØm\pw a\p jy≥ B{Kln°p∂p.

am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

X\n°pNp‰pap≈, Xs≥d AkvXnXzsØ \ne\n¿Øp∂ iIv XnIsftbm Xs∂t∏meptam \nb{¥n°m≥ X\n°mhpIbns√ ∂v a\ nem°p∂ a\pjy≥ Ahsb \nb{¥n°m≥ Ignbp∂h t\m-Sv- kzm`mhnIambn icWw hnfn°p∂p. Cu icWwhnfnbmWv Bcm[\. X\n°v H∂n\pamIns√∂v a\ nem°p∂ a\pjy s≥d a\ n¬\n∂v F√m‰n\pw Ignbp∂ht\m-Sv- Dbcp-∂ {]m¿Y \bmWv Bcm[\sIm≠v hnh£n°s∏Sp∂Xv. ]≈nIfntem N¿®pIfntem Aºeßfntem sh®p\S°p∂ BNmc{][m\ amb Bcm[\Iƒ am{Xa√, {]XypX PohnXØns≥d GXpcwK Øpw Xs≥d \n lmbX A\p`hn®dnbptºmƒ a\pjya\ p Iƒ°p≈n¬\n∂v Dbcp∂ tX´wIqSn Bcm[\sIm≠v ChnsS hnh£n°s∏Sp∂p. Cu tX´w a\pjy{]IrXnbpsS i_vZamWv.- \ncoizc{]kvYm \Øns≥d hIvXm°sf∂v AhImis∏Sp∂h¿t]mepw kµ-nKv [- L´ßfn¬ ssZhsØ hnfn®v tXSnbXn\v Ncn{Xw km£n\n ¬°p∂p≠v. 1942 BKkv‰v amkØn¬, c≠mw temIalmbp≤ Øns≥d AhkcØn¬ ln‰ve¿s°Xnsc kJyI£nIƒ \S∏m °m\pt±in® tSm¿®v clkytk\ ]≤Xnsb°pdn® N¿®°nS b- n ¬ A∂sØ IayqWn- k v ‰ v djybpsS ]ctam∂X\mb `cWm[n]≥ tPmk^v kv‰men≥t]mepw {_n´ojv {][m\a{¥n hn≥kv‰¨ N¿®nent\mSv ""ssZhw Cu ]≤Xn hnPbn∏n°s´'' sb∂v Biwkn® kw`hw hyIvXam°p∂Xv ]ctam∂XiIvXn tbmSp≈ Bcm[\m at\m`mhw a\pjy{]IrXnbpsS i_vZam sW∂pw, AXv Nn¥m]camb Im]SyØns≥d Xnc»oe°nSbn¬ Hfn∏n®psh°m≥ F{XXs∂ {ian®mepw kµ-nKv[-L´ßfn¬ ad\o°n ]pdØphcpsa∂pamWv. CsXmcp H‰s∏´ kw`ha√. H´\h[n kw`hßfn¬ H∂pam{Xw. Bcm[ys\°pdn® At\z jWw a\pjy{]IrXnbpsS hnImcamsW∂Xn\v thsd sXfnhp Iƒ Bhiyaps≠∂v tXm∂p∂n√. ChnsSbpw \mw c≠masØ At\zjWØns≥d A¥yØn seØnbn´n√. Hcp Bcm[ys\ a\pjy{]IrXn tXSp∂psh∂pam {XamWv \mw a\ nem°nbXv. Bcmbncn°Ww Bcm[y≥? Fßs\bmWv AXns\ Bcm[nt°≠Xv? AXns\ Bcm[n®

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

XpsIm≠p≠mIp∂ t\´ßƒ F¥mWv?- F∂o {]iv\ßƒ C\nbpw Ahtijn°p∂p. a\pjys≥d aq∂masØ At\zjWw kz¥sØ°pdn®mWv. Xm≥ FhnsS\n∂mWv h∂sX∂pw FhntS°mWv t]mIp∂sX ∂padnbm≥ Ah≥ B{Kln°p∂p. a‰v arKßfn¬ \n∂v- hyXy kvXambn- kaplØns≥d \ne\n¬]n\pth≠n {]tXyIamb Nne \nbaßƒ Xm≥ A\pkcnt°≠Xps≠∂dnbp∂ a\p jy≥ Ah A\pkcn°msX XnI®pw arKobamb k¿hX{¥ kzmX{¥yw A\p`hn®mses¥∂v kzbwtNmZn°p∂p. X\n °p≈ B{Klm`nemjßfpw hnImcßfpw Cu temIØnse ]cnanXamb PohnXØn\p≈n¬sh®v ian∏n°m≥ Ignbns√∂v Adnbp∂ a\pjy≥ Ah t\SnsbSp°m≥ Ignbp∂ PohnX Øn\pth≠n Imw£n°p∂p. Cu {]]©Ønte°v ItÆmSn°p∂ \mw a\pjy\v Xpeyam b Hcp AkvXnXzsØ FhnsSbpw ImWp∂n√. {]]©Ønse ]ctamØakrjvSn a\pjy\mWv. tImSm\ptImSn kwh¬kcß fmbp≈ {]]©Øns≥d ]cnWmaØn\nSbn¬ a\pjys\∂ ]c tam¬IrjvSkrjvSn {]Xy£o`hn®n´v GXm\pw kl{km_vZ ßƒ am{Xta Bbn´p≈q. `qan BIam\w H∂p Ipepßnbm¬ B krjvSnbpsS AkvXnXzw Ahkm\n°pIbpwsNøpw. \Ωp sS icocw GtXXp `uXnILSIßƒ tN¿∂p≠mbXmtWm AXns≥dsb√mw hb v tImSm\p-tImSn sIm√w \o≠p\n¬°p ∂p. \mw DbnscSp°p∂Xn\paptº Ah ChnsSbp≠mbncp∂p. F∂m¬ Cu {]]©Ønse k¿thm¬IrjvSamb AkvXnXzw GXm\pw h¿jßƒ am{Xw Pohn°p∂p. icmicn Adp]tXm Fgp]tXm h¿jw am{Xw. CXv a\pjy_p≤n AwKoIcn°p∂n√. Xm≥ k¿thm-¬IrjvS Pohnsb∂v ]dbs∏SWsa¶n¬ Cu PohnXØn\p]pdsa as‰mcp PohnXw Ah≥ Bin°p∂p. Ipsd B{Klßfp≈h\mWv a\pjy≥. ]t£, Xs≥d Bi If{Xbpw ]q¿ØoIcn°phm≥ Cu tem-IØn-\v- Ign-bn-s√∂vAdn-bp-∂ Ah≥- \n-cm-i\m-Ip-∂p.- ]m-ac\pw- ]WvUn-X\pw- ]W °m-c\pw- CXn¬- \n-∂v- ap-Iv-Xa√.- \mw- B{Kln-°p-∂Xv- ap-gph≥- t\Sn-sbSp-°p-hm≥- ]‰p-∂ Hcp- kw-hn-[m-\a√ Cu- tem-IØn-

am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

ep-≈sX∂v- a\ n-em-°p-∂ a\p-jy≥- Ah t\Sn-sbSp-°m≥- Ignbptam- F∂v- At\z-jn-°p-∂p.- Cu- {]]©Øn-s≥-d kw-hn-[m\wXs∂ Xs‚ CNv-OIƒ- ap-gp-h≥- kêo-Ir-Xam-°Ø° co-Xnbnep-≈Xs√∂dn-bp-∂ Ah≥- Cu- {]m-]©n-IPo-hnXØn¬-\n∂vhy-Xy-kv-Xam-b Hcp- Po-hn-XØn-\p-th≠n- B{Kln-°p-∂p.\∑ sNøp-hm≥- a\p-jy\n¬- P∑\m-Xs∂ Hcp- hm-k\bp ≠v.- Xn-∑tbm-Sv- Ah\v- shdp-∏m-Wv.- ]t£,- F¥m-Wv- \∑sb∂pwF¥m-Wv- Xn-∑sb∂pw- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- \n¿-hNn-°m≥- a\p-jy-\v- km[n-°p-∂n-√.- Ah≥- Xn-∑bm-sW∂v- a\ n-em-°n-bn-´p-≈ Imcyßƒ sNøp-∂ hy-Iv-Xn-Ifn¬- ]ecpw- Cltem-IØv- kp-JkuIcy-ßƒ- A\p-`hn-°p-∂Xm-bpw- \∑ sNøp-∂hcn¬- ]ecpw- IjvSs∏Sp∂Xm-bpw- Im-Ws∏Sp-∂p.- \∑°pw- Xn-∑°pw- X°Xm-b {]Xn-êw- \¬-Ip-hm≥- Cu- tem-IØn-s≥-d LS\°v- km-[ya s√∂v- Adn-bp-tºmƒ- AØcw Hcp-- {]Xn-êthZn- Bhiy-amsW∂v- Ah\v- tXm-∂p-∂p.- ù-Xn-I \o-Xn-\ym-btIm-SXn-Iƒ-s°m∂pw-Xs∂ \∑t°m- Xn-∑t°m- hy-Iv-Xam-b Iq-en-Iƒ- sIm-Sp-°phm≥- Ign-bn-s√∂dn-bp-tºmƒ- "{]Xn-êthZn'- Cu- Po-hn-XØnem-bn-°q-sS∂v Ah≥- hn-[n-°p-∂p.Hcp- {]Xn-êthZn-°p-th≠n-bp-≈ tX´hpw- a\p-jym-kv-Xn-XzØn-s≥-d kz-m-`m-hn-Iam-b {]hWXbm-Wv.- ]ctem-IsØbpwacWm-\¥c Po-hn-XsØbpw- Ah Im-Wp-∂n-s√∂ Im-cWØm¬am-{Xw- \n-tj[n-®- ]e¿-°pw- ]dtb≠n-h∂n-´p-≈Xv- "]ctem-IwFs∂m-∂v- Ds≠¶n¬- hfsc \∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- ]t£,- AXn-√t√m...'F∂m-bn-cp-∂p.a\p-jy-Pn-⁄m-kbp-sS ASn-kY v- m-\]cam-b At\zjWßsf °p-dn-®m-Wv- \mw- N¿-® sNbvX - Xv.- {k-jvS- m-hn-s\°p-dn-®pw- Bcm[ys\°p-dn-®pw- {]Xn-ê\m-fn-s\°p-dn-®pw- Ah≥- At\z-jWw\SØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- Cu- {]iv-\ßƒ-°p-≈ hy-Iv-Xam-b DØcw -\¬-Im≥- kz-¥w- Nn-¥m-iIv-Xn- Xo-sc A]cym-]v-XamsW ∂v- Ah≥- a\ n-em-°p-∂p.{kjvS- mhn-s\ kw-_\vv[ - n-® At\z-jWw- Ahs≥-d AkvX - nXz aw-Ko-Icn-°p-∂Xn¬- am-{Xta a\p-jy-s\ FØn-®n-´p-≈q.- Bcm[ys\°p-dn-® At\z-jWw- Ahs≥-d A\n--hm-cy-X hy-Iv-Xam-°p-I

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

am-{Xta sNbv-Xn-´p-≈q.- {]Xn-êthZn- Bhiy-am-sW∂ A`n{]m-bØn¬- am-{Xta AXn-s\°p-dn-®p-≈ At\z-jWw- FØn®n-´p-≈q.- Bcv?- Fßs\?- Fhn-sS?- Xp-Sßn-b kp-{][m-\ tNmZy-ßƒ-°p-≈ DØcw- e`n-®p-Ign-™n-ń-√.- Cu- tNm-Zy-ßƒ-°p-≈ DØcØn-\p-th≠n-bm-Wv- a\p-jy≥- BZy-Im-ew- ap-X¬t° At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv; Ncn-{XmXo-XIm-ew- ap-X¬-°pXs∂.Cu- tNmZy-ßƒ-°p-≈ DØcw- ù-Xn-Iam-b ]co-£W \n-co£Wßfn-¬\ - n-∂v- \ap-°v- e`y-am-hp-Ibn-√.- GsX¶n-epw- ssat{Imkv-tIm-∏n¬-sh®v- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d kØsbtbm- sSkv-‰y-q-_n¬sh®v- Bcm-[y-s‚ Akv-Xn-Xz-sØtbm- sSekv-tIm-∏neq-sS {]XnêthZn-bp-sS cq-]sØtbm- Z¿-in-°p-hm≥- Ign-bp-Ibn-√.- Im cWw- Chsb√mw- ù-Xn-I]co-£Wßƒ-°Xo-Xam-sW∂Xm-Wv.kIe {]]©sØbpw- kr-jv-Sn-®p- ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂h≥- F∂m Wv- {kjv-Sm-hv- F∂p- ]dbp-tºmƒ- \mwhn-h£n-°p-∂Xv.- {]]© sØbpw- ]Zm¿-Ys - Øbpw- krjvS- n-® Ah≥- {]]©Øn-\pw- ]Zm¿Y-Øn-\p-aXo-X\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v- \Ωp-sS km-am-\y_p-≤n- Xs∂ ka¿-Y-n-°p-∂p.- ]Zm¿-Y-Øn-s≥-d s]cp-am-‰co-Xn-bm-Wv- a\p-jy-cpsS ]co-£Wßfp-sSbpw- \n-co-£Wßfp-sSbpw- {]tabw-,- ]Zm¿Y- m - X o- X am- b H∂n- s \°p- d n- ® p- k¶¬- ] n- ° p- h m≥- t]m- e pwkvYeIm-e ss\c¥cy-Øn-s≥-d _\v-[\Øn-ep-≈ a\p-jy-[njW°v- Ign-bn-√.- ]t£,- Aßs\sbm-cp- Akv-Xn-Xz-ap-s≠∂vAhs≥-d a\ v- Aht\m-Sv- a{¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- At∏mƒ]co£W\n-co-£Wßfn-eq-sS {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d kØsbtbmkz-`m-hsØtbm-Ip-dn-®v- Adn-bm≥- Ign-bn-√.- Bcm-[y-s\bpw- {]Xnê\m-fn-s\bpw- Ip-dn-® At\z-jWØn-s≥-d Ahkv-Ybpw- CXpXs∂bm-Wv.- ]n-s∂ Chsb°p-dn-®dn-bm-\p-≈ am¿-Ksa¥m-Wv?AXv- {kjvS- m-hv- \ap-°v- Adn-bn-®p-Xcn-IXs∂ thWw.- AX√m sX a‰v- am¿-Kßfn-√.- AsXßs\ km-[n-°pw-?- kv-YeØn-\pwIm-eØn-\pw- AXo-X\m-b {kjvS- m-hv- kz-bw-{]Xy-£s∏´p-sIm≠vCu- Im-cy-ßƒ- ]d™p-Xcm-\m-bn- a\p-jy¿-°n-Sbnte°v- Cdßnbm¬- kv-YeIm-e_\v-[Øn¬- AIs∏ń-cn-°p-∂ a\p-jy-akv-Xnjv-IØn-\v- Dƒ-s°m-≈m≥- Ign-bn-√.- {kjv-Sm-hn¬-\n-∂v- at‰sX¶n-

am¿K\n¿tZiw tXSp∂ a\pjy≥

epwhgn-°v- a\p-jy¿-°v- ⁄m-\w- e`n-°p-Itb \n¿-hm-lap-≈q.Aßs\ h√ ⁄m-\hpw- a\p-jy-\v- h∂p-In-ń-bn-´p-t≠m?{kjv-Smhn-s\bpw- Bcm-[y-s\bpw- {]Xn-ê\m-fn-s\bpw- Ip-dn®vh√ t_m-[hpw- am-\hcm-in-°v- AhXcn-°s∏ń-´p-t≠m?˛\ap-°v- ]cn-tim-[n-°mw-˛

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

c-≠vssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw{kjv-Sm-hn-s\bpw- Bcm-[y-s\bpw- {]Xn-êthZn-sbbpw- Ipdn-®v- \n-c¥cam-bn- At\z-jWw- \SØn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂ am-\hcmin-°v- ap-∂n¬- {]Xy-£s∏´p-sIm-≠v- Hcp- a\p-jy≥- ]dbp-∂p: ""\n-ßƒ- Adn-bm-\m-{Kln-°p-∂ hkv-Xp-XIsf°p-dn-®v- F\n°v- Pv-Rm-\w- \¬-Is∏ń-cn-°p-∂p.- Cu- tem-IsØ kr-jv-Sn-®v- ]cn]m-en-°p-∂ ssZham-Wv- F\n-°v- Pv-Rm-\w- \¬-In-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.\n-ßƒ- Bcm-[n-t°≠Xv- k¿-htem-Ic£n-Xm-hm-b B ssZh sØ am-{Xam-Ip-∂p.- ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- A\p-kcn®vPo-hn-°p-Ibm-Wv- a\p-jy-kap-Zm-bØn-s≥-d c£m-am¿-Kw.- a\pjy ≥- acWs∏Sp-∂tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- Ahs≥-d Po-hn-Xahkm-\n-°p-∂n-√.im-iz-Xam-b Hcp- ]ctem-I Po-hn-Xw- hcm-\n-cn-°p-t∂bp-≈q.- kXyhn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS B{Klßfpw- A`n-em-jßfpw- {]Xo-£Ifpwk¶¬-]ßfpw- km-£m-Xv-Icn-°s∏Sp-∂Xv- B tem-IØn¬sh®m-bn-cn-°pw.- \∑Iƒ-°pw- Xn-∑Iƒ-°pw- B thZn-bn¬- sh®vX°Xm-b {]Xn-êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂Xm-bn-cn-°pw.- AXn-\m¬ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- A\p-kcn-®v- Po-hn-®p-sIm-≠v- hcm\ncn-°p-∂ im-iz-Xku-`m-Kyw- A\p-`hn-°p-hm≥- kPv-Pcm-hp-I''CXm-bn-cp-∂p- ap-gp-h≥- ssZhZq-X∑m-cpw- ]d™Xv.- ssZhZqX ∑m-cp-sS Cu- hN\ßƒ- bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-tWm?- \mw- Ahbn¬- hnizknt°≠Xp-t≠m?Hcp- Im-cy-ap-d∏m-Wv,- a\p-jy-Pn-⁄m--kbp-sS kzm-`m-hn-I tNmZy-

ssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw-

ßƒ-°v- CX√m-sX as‰m-cp-Øcw- \¬-Is∏ń-ń-√.- {kjv-Sm-hv- Adnbn-®p-Xcn-Ib√m-sX Cu- {]iv-\ßƒ-°p-≈ DØcw- Is≠Øm\m-bn- as‰m-cp- am¿-Khp-an-s√∂v- \ap-°dn-bmw.- F¶n¬- Cu- DØcwhm-kv-Xham-tWm-sb∂v- ]cn-tim-[t°≠ _m-[y-X \ap-s°√mwCt√?- Xo¿-®bm-bpw! BZy-am-bn- ]cn-tim-[nt°≠Xv- \Ωtfm-Sn-°m-cyw- ]d™ ssZhZq-Xs≥-d hy-Iv-Xn-Xz-°p-dn-®m-Wv.- Abmƒ- Ifhp- ]dbp∂h\m-tWm?- P\h©I\m-tWm?- kzm¿-Yn- b - m-tWm?- ssZhZq-X∑mcp-sS Po-hn-Xw- ]cn-tim-[n-°p∂ Gh¿-°pw- t_m-[y-s∏Sp-∂ Hcphkv-Xp-Xbp-≠v.-- Ahsc FXn¿-°p-Ibpw- \m-ń¬-\n-∂v- Bń-∏pdØm-°p-Ibpw- sIm-es∏Sp-Øm≥- X{¥ßfm-hn-jv-Icn-°p-IbpwsNbv-Xh¿- Xs∂ Ahcp-sS Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d ]cn-ip-≤n- Aw-KoIcn-°p-∂hcm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂Xm-WXv.- Ahcp-sSsb√mwap-gp-h≥Po-hn-Xhpw- kXy-k\v-[X,- t{ijv-TNn-¥,- k∑m¿-K\n-jvT,- ]cnip-≤{]IrXn,- D¬-Irjv-Sm-Z¿-iw,- Db¿-∂ a\p-jy-Xzw F∂n-h°vDZm-Øam-XrIbm-bn-cp-∂p.- Ahcp-sS Po-hn-XØn-s≥-d hnhn-[ cwKßfn-sehn-sSsb¶n-epw- Hcp- \yq-\X I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥- ka Imen-Icm-b {]Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒs°m-∂pw- Ign-™n-s√∂ hkv-Xp-X Xs∂ Ah¿- F{Xam-{Xw- ]cn-ip-≤cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- hy-Iv-Xam°p-∂p-≠v.ssZhZq-X∑m-cm-cpw- Xs∂ kz-m-¿-Y-n-Ifm-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Ahcp-sS hm-°p-Ifn-tem- {]h¿-Ø\ßfn-tem- H∂pw- kz-m¿-Y-Xbp-sS Aw iw-t]m-epw- Is≠Øm-\m-¿-°pw- Ign-™n-cp-∂n√.- Ah¿- kz-bwIjv-S\jv-Sßƒ kln-®pw- A\y-cp-sS t£ssaiz-cy-ßƒ-°pth≠n- bvX - \n-®hcm-bn-cp-∂p.- Ahcp-sS {]t_m-[\Ncn-{Xw- Xs∂ CXn-\p-≈ sXfn-hm-Wv.- Ah¿- Ijv-S\jv-Sßƒ- kln-®Xpw,- \mń¬- \n-t∂m-Sn-°s∏´Xpw- Iq-´p-Ip-Spw-_m-Zn-Ifm¬- Xy-Pn-°s∏´Xpw]o-U\ßƒ-°v- hn-t[bam-°s∏SXp-sa√mw- F¥n-\p-th≠n-bm-bncp-∂p?- B kaq-lw- \∂m-Ip-hm≥- th≠n.- Ah¿- im-iz-Xhn-Pbwt\Sp-∂Xn-∂p-th≠n-.- Ahcn¬-\n-∂v- ssZhZq-X∑m¿-°v- ù-Xn-Iambn- H∂pw- e`n-®n-cp-∂n-√.- am-{Xhp-a√ kaq-lØn-s≥-d ]m-cºcyhn-izm-kßƒ-s°Xn-scbp-≈ Ahcp-sS {]t_m-[\w- \n¿-Øn bm¬-˛\n¿-Øn-bm-¬- am-{Xw-˛ù-Xn-Iam-b ]ehn-[t\´ßfpw- Ah¿-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

°v- hmKvZ- m-\w- sNøs∏ń-cp-∂p.- cm-Py-Øn-s≥-d A[n-Im-cw.- kpµcnIfm-b kv-{Xo-Iƒ.- Cjv-Sw-t]m-se kºØv-.- CsX√mw- Xy-Pn-®psIm-≠v- apƒ-°n-co-SØn-s≥-d am-¿-Kw- sXcs™Sp-Ø {]hmN I∑m¿- kzm¿-∞n-Ifm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- Ncn-{XIm-c∑mcm-cpw- Xs∂ C∂p-hsc ]d™n-ń-√.- kz-¥am-b F√mw- hen-s®dn-™p-sIm≠vkaq-lØn-s≥-d im-iz-Xhn-PbØn-∂p-th≠n- {]h¿-Øn-®hcm-bncp-∂p- Ah¿- F∂¿-Y-w.ssZhZqX∑m-cm-cpw- Xs∂,- kaq-lØn-se Bscsb¶n-epwh©n-®Xm-bn- Ncn-{Xw- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- Ah¿- hm-Kv-Zm-\]m-eIcpwkXy-w- ]dbp-∂hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- Ahcp-sS {]IrXn- ]cn-ip-≤ambn-cp-∂p.- F√m- {]iv-\ßfn-epw- kao-]\ßfn-epw- EPp-hpw- t{ijvT-hpw- kw-ibcln-Xhp-am-b am¿-Kam-bn-cp-∂p- Ah¿- kzo-Icn-®ncp-∂Xv.- kaq-lØn-\v- km-tcm-]tZißƒ- \¬-Ip-I am-{Xa√,- Ah kz-Po-hn-XØn¬- ]I¿-Øn-°m-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I Iq-Sn sNbv-Xncp-∂p- Ah¿.Cu- kz`m-hsshin-jv-Snßsf√m-w Xs∂,- Ah¿- ]dbp-∂XvAkXy-am-Im≥- km-[y-Xbn-s√∂v- hy-Iv-Xam-°m≥- t]m-∂Xm-bncp-∂p.- kz-¥am-bn- I≈tam- h©\tbm- kzm¿Y-Xtbm- io-en-®nń-√m-Ø Hcmƒ- Xym-Kßƒ- kln-®p-sIm-≠v- kaqlØn¬- Hcp"]®°≈w'- {]Ncn-∏n-°m-\p-≈ km-[y-X F{Xam-{Xw- hn-Zq-camWv! CXn-ep-]cn- {]hm-NI∑m-cm-sW∂Xn-\v- hy-Iv-Xam-b Aam-\pjn-IZrjv-Sm-¥ßfpw- Ah¿-°v- \¬-Is∏ń-cp-∂p.- kaq-lØn-s≥d _p-≤n-]chpw- sshPv-Rm-\n-Ihp-am-b Ign-hp-Isf sh√phn-fn°p∂Xm-bn-cp-∂p- {]kv-Xp-X Aam-\p-jn-IZrjv-Sm-¥ßƒ-.- Ahbv-°pap-∂n¬- kaq-lw- ap-´p-Ip-Øn.- tam-si {]hm-NIs≥-d,- ssZhI¬]\ {]Im-cw- \n-eØn-´m¬- ]m-ºm-Ip-∂ hSn-°p-ap-∂n¬- A∂sØ kIehn-[ Pm-ehn-Zy-°m-cpw- tXm¬-hn- kΩXn-®p.- tbip- Im-Wn® acn-®hsc Db¿-Øp-I Xp-Sßn-b Aam-\p-jn-I Ign-hpIƒ°p-ap∂n¬- A∂sØ kIehn-[ Nn-In¬-kI∑m-cpw-- tXm¬-hn- kΩXn®p- ap-´p-aS°n.- Cßs\ hnhn-[ kaq-lßfnte°v- \n-bp-Iv-Xcmb {]hm-NI∑m-¿-°v- kaq-lØn-s≥-d hf¿-®°\p-kcn-® Zrjv-Sm ¥ßƒ- \¬-Is∏´p.- Xßƒ- {kjv-Sm-hpw- k¿-h-iIv-X\p-am-b ssZhØn-s≥-d {]hm-NI∑m-cm-sW∂Xn-\p-≈ hy-Iv-Xam-b sXfn-

ssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw-

hp-Ifm-bn-cp-∂p- Ah.Cu- {]hm-NI]cºc°v- am-\hkap-Zm-bØn-s≥-d D¬-]-Ønap-X¬- Xs∂ Xp-S°w- Ip-dn-°s∏´n-´p-≠v.- ssZhw- aÆn¬- \n-∂va\p-jy-s\bpw- Ah\n¬-\n-∂v- Xs≥-d CWtbbpw- krjv-Sn-®p.ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-e°p-Iƒ- ]m-en-°m-sX ]n-im-Nn-s≥-d Zp¿-t_m[\ßƒ-°v- hiw-hZcm-bnhn-e°s∏´ I\n- Xn-∂Xn-\m¬- kz¿ Ktem-IØn-¬ -\n-∂pw- ]p-dØm-°s∏´ BZy-ZºXn-Iƒ- sNbv-X Ip-‰w- Ahcp-sS ]iv-Nm-Øm-]w- sIm-≠v- ssZhw- s]m-dp-Øp-sImSp-Øp.- AXn-∂p-tijw- `q-an-bnte°b°s∏´ Ahcp-sS k¥XnIƒ-°v- DZv-t_m-[\w- \SØm-\p-≈ _m-[y-X BZn-a\p-jy-\m-b BZan¬- `cta¬-]n- ° - s∏´p.- At±lw- Xs≥-d k¥Xn-Itfm-Sv- ""Cukakv-X {]]©Øn-s≥-dbpw- {kjv-Sm-hv- GI\m-b ssZhamsW∂pw- Ah≥- am-{Xam-Wv- Bcm-[\Iƒ-°¿-ls\∂pw- Ahs≥d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- ]m-en-°p-∂h¿-°v- acWm-\¥cPo-hn-XØn¬c£bp-s≠∂pw- A\p-kcn-°m-Øh¿-°v- in-£ e`n-°p-sa∂pw-'']Tn-∏n-®p.- CXm-Wv- {]hm-NIXz-Øn-s≥-d Xp-S°w-.BZan-s≥-d k¥Xn-Iƒ- s]cp-In.- ]ecpw- Xßfp-sS ]n-Xm-hm b BZan-s≥-d am¿-Kw- ]n-¥p-S¿-∂p.- GI\m-b ssZhsØ am-{XwBcm-[n-®p- Ahs≥-d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Isf A\p-kcn-®p.- Ime{Ia Øn¬- Ahkv-Y am-dn.- ho-cm-cm-[\bn¬- \n-∂m-Wv- kaq-lØns≥d hgn-tISn-\v- Xp-S°w Ip-dn-°s∏´Xvv.- kaq-lØn-se D∂X∑mcpwkZv-hrØcp-am-b ]n-Xm-°tfm-Sp-≈ _lpam-\w- Ahsc ]q-Pn-°p ∂Xn- t e°pw- Ahtcm- S v - klm- b ßf¿- Y - n - ° p- ∂ Xnte°pwAßs\ Ahscsb√mw- Bcm-[y-∑m-cm-bn- {]Xn-jv-Tn-°p-∂Xn te°pw- a\p-jy-sc FØn-®p.- CtXm-sSm-∏w- Xs∂ {]IrXn-iIvXn-Itfm-Sp-≈ Bcm-[\m- at\m-`m-hhpw- hf¿-∂p-h∂n-cp-∂p.- kqcyN{µ\£{Xßsfbpw- Im-‰v,- CSn-an-∂¬,- kap-{Zw- F∂n-hsbbpwacßsfbpw- arKßsfbpw- t]m-epw- Bcm-[n-°p-∂ Ahkv-Ybp≠m-bn.- {]IrXn- iIvXn-Iƒ-s°√mw- ]n-∂n¬- {]tXy-Iw- {]tXyIwssZhßsf k¶¬-]n-®p.- ho-cm-cm-[\bpw- {]IrXn-]q-Pbpw- krjvSn-® sshcp-[-y-ßƒ- kaq-lØn¬- hn-≈ep-Ifp-≠m-°n.- H´\h[nBcm-[y-∑m-cpw- Bcm-[\m- k{ºZm-bßfpap-≠m-bn.- kaq-lw- `n∂n®p-.- hy-Xy-kv-X aXßfp-≠m-bn.- BZan-s≥-d k¥Xn-Iƒ- hy-Xy-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

kv-X tZißfn-te°v- Ip-Sn-tbdn.- Ahn-Sßfn-se√mw- cm-jv-{Sßfp≠m-bn.- Hscm-‰ am-Xm-]n-Xm-°fp-sS a°ƒ- Xs∂ hn-hn-[ cm-jv{Sßfpw- kap-Zm-bßfp-am-bn- cq-]m-¥cs∏´p.- Hm-tcm- kap-Zm-bØn\pw- {]tXy-I aXhpw- Bcm-[m-\m-k{ºZm-bßfpap-≠m-bn.- Bcm[y-∑m¿- Gsdbp-≠m-bt∏mƒ- bYm¿-Y-Øn-ep-≈ Bcm-[y-\m-b GIssZhsØ Ah¿- ad∂p.- AtXm-sSm-∏w- Xs∂ kzm-`m-hnIambpw- ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- {i≤n-°m-\h¿-°v- kaban √msXbm-bn.- kaq-lw- Zp¿-hrØn-Ifn-epw- Zp-cm-Nm-cßfn-epw- s]´p\´w- Xn-cn-™p.CØcw- Ahkv-YIfn¬- ssZhw- Hmtcm- kaq-lØnte°pwkXy-sØ {]t_m-[\w-sNøm≥- th≠n- Zq-X∑m-sc Ab®p.- Xß fp-sS kaq-lØns≥-d hgntISn-s\°p-dn-®v- Ah¿- kz-kap-Zm-bsØ t_m-[hm-∑m-cm-°n.-- kIe {]]©Øn-s≥-dbpw- {kjv-Sm-hpw- kw c£I\pam-b GIssZhsØ am-{Xsa- Bcm-[n-°m≥- ]m-Sp-≈qsh∂pw- a‰p- hkv-Xp-°sf√mw- ssZhØn-s≥-d krjv-Sn-Ifm sW∂pw- Ah¿- kaq-lsØ DZv-t_m-[n-∏n-®p.- Zp¿-hrØn-Ifn¬\n-∂pw- Zp-cm-Nm-cßfn¬-\n-∂pw- Ah¿- kaq-lsØ XS™p.ssZh{]o-Xn- e£y-am-°n- Po-hn-°m≥- Ah¿- P\ßtfm-Sm-lzm-\wsNbv-Xp.- acWm-\¥c Po-hn-XsØ°p-dn-®v- Ah¿- kaq-lØn-\vap-∂dn-bn-∏v- \¬-In.- ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- A\p-kcn®p-sIm-≠v- Po-hn-°p-∂h¿-°v- ]ctem-IØp-sh®v- kp-Jkºq¿ Wam-b Po-hn-Xhpw- Ah AhKWn-°p-∂h¿-°v- Im-Tn-\y-tadn-b in-£bp-ap-s≠∂v- Ah¿- am-\hcm-in-sb Adn-bn-®p.tem-IØv- Fhn-sSsb√mw- a\p-jy-cp-t≠m- Ahn-sSsb√mwap∂dn-bn-∏p-Im-c\m-b ssZhZq-Xs≥-d BKa\hpw- \S∂n-´p-≠v.ssZhZq-Xs≥-d \n-tbm-Kan-√m-Ø Hscm-‰ kaq-lhpw- Ign-™p-t]mbn-´n-√.- skan-‰n-Iv- hw-ißfn¬- am-{Xa√ C¥y°m¿-°n-Sbn-epwB{^n-°°m¿-°n-Sbn-epsa√mw- ssZhZq-X∑m¿- \n-bp-Iv-Xcm-bn-´p≠v.- Chsc√m-hcpw- {]t_m-[\w-sNbvX - XØ-zw- ASn-kY v- m-\]cam bn- H∂p-Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p-˛GIssZhm-cm-[\bpw Zn-hy-ktµi ]cn I¬-]\bpw-- ]ctem-hn-izm-khpw-˛Chsc√m-hcpw- {]t_m-[\wsNbv-X aXam-Wv- Ckv-em-w.- t\m-lbpw- A{_lm-apw- bm-t°m_pwtbm-\m-bpw- tam-sibpw- tbip-hpw- ap-lΩZpw- am-{Xa√ tem-IØn-

ssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw-

te°v- h∂ {]hm-NI∑m¿- ap-gp-h≥- am-\hcm-in-sb ]Tn-∏n-®XvF¥m-tWm- AXm-Wv- GIssZhcm-[m-\bpw- Ah∂p-≈ ka¿∏ Whpw- AYhm- Ckv-emw.- ASn-kv-Ym-\]cam-bn- Htc XØ-z-ßƒXs∂bm-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿- ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv.- F∂m¬,- I¿-a]cn]m-SnIƒ-°v- Im-eL´Øn-\pw- km-aq-ln-Ikm-lNcy-Øn-\pw- A\pkrXam-bn- A¬-]kz¬-]w- hy-Xym-kßfp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-.- F¶n-epwAhbp-sSsb√mw- Bflm-hv- H∂p-Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p.- GIssZhmcm[\bn-e[n-jT v- n-Xam-bn-cp-∂p- Ahsb√mw- Xs∂.- P\ßfn¬- kXyk\v-[Xbpw- BXv-am¿-∞Xbpw- hf¿-Øn- ]ctem-IØn-se in£ bn¬-\n-∂v- Ahsc tam-Nn-∏n-°p-Ibpw- c£bv° - p-th≠n- {]m-]vX - cm °p-Ibpw- sNøp-Ibmbn-cp-∂p Cu- \n-ba\n¿-tZißfp-sSbpw- I¿a]cn-]m-Sn-Ifp-sSbpsa√mw- e£yw.P\ßfp-sS tam-N\Øn-s≥-d- ktµiam-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿- Ah ¿-°v- ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-ØXv.- Ahcp-sS imiz-Xhn-PbØn-\p-≈ am¿ Kam-Wv- ssZhZq-X∑m¿- Im-Wn-®p-sImSp-ØXv.- Ahsc tam£ Ønte°v-\bn-°m-\m-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿- \n-bp-Iv-Xcm-bXvv-.- ]t£,P\ßƒ- {]hm-NI∑m-sc ]e hn-[Øn-ep-w-- D]{Zhn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p.- Im-cWap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- Xßfp-sS ]m-cºcy-hn-izm-kØn-s\Xncm-bn-´m-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿- cw-KØp-h∂n-´p-≈Xvv-.- Ah¿-°v- ]dbm\p-≈Xv- GIssZhsØ am-{Xam-Wv- Bcm-[n-t°≠Xvv- F∂m-Wv;ssZhn-Iam¿-K\n¿-tZißƒ-°\p-kcn-®p-≈ Po-hn-Xam-Wv- ]ctemItam-£Øn-\v- \n-Zm-\sa∂m-Wv.- CXv- Ip-´n-ssZhßsfbpw- I√dI sfbpw- hym-PssZhßsfbpw- CSbm-f∑m-scbpw- hn-{Klßsfbp sa√mw- shSn-bp-∂ Ahkv-Ybnte°m-Wv- P\ßsf \bn-°p-I.At∏mƒ- Cu- ssZhßfp-sS kz-¥°m-cm-bn- kz-bw- Ahtcm-[n Xcm-hp-Ibpw- ssZhßfp-sS t]cn¬- a\p-jy-sc am-\kn-Iam-bnASn-aIfm-°n-sh°p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xn-cp-∂ ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øn-\v{]kIv-Xnbp-≠m-hp-Ibn-√.- GI\m-b ssZhsØam-{Xam-Wv- Bcm [n-t°≠sX¶n-¬-,- Aht\m-Sv- t\cn-´v- {]m¿-Yn-°m-sa¶n¬-,- Ah≥k¿-hiIv-X\p-am-sW¶n¬- ]n-s∂ ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øn-\pw- CSbmf∑m¿-°p-sa¥m-Wv- {]kIv-Xn?- CXp- a\ n-em-°n-b ]u-tcm-ln Xyw- P\ßsf {]£p-_v-[cm-°n.- ]m-cºcy- hn-tcm-[n-Ifpw- ]ucmWn-I∑m-sc X≈n-∏dbp-∂hcp-am-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m-sc∂ [m-cWbp-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

≠m-°n-s°m-≠v- km-[m-cW°m-sc Ah¿-s°Xn-sc {]tIm-]nXcm°n- hn-´p.- ]et∏m-gpw- A[n-Im-ch¿-Khpw- ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-Øn-\v- Iq´p-\n-∂p.- GI\m-b ssZhØn-\p-ap-∂n¬- ]W°m-c\pw- ]Wn-°mc\pw- A[n-Im-cn-Ifpw- {]PIfp-sa√mw- ka≥-am-cm-sW∂p-h∂m¬]n-s∂ Xßƒ-°v- P∑m-hIm-iam-bn-°n-ń-b A[n-Im-cØn-s≥-d Hu∂Xy-Øn-\v- A¿-Y-ap-≠m-hp-Ibn-s√∂h¿- IW°p-Iq-ń.- ]ctemItam-£Øn-\v- ssZhZq-X∑m¿- ]dbp-∂ am¿-Kam-Wv- D]bp-IvXsa∂vh - ∂m¬- Xßƒ- sNøp-∂ tXm-∂nhm-kßƒ-°v- Acp- \n¬°p-hm≥- Asf°n-´p-Ibn-s√∂h¿- a\ n-em-°n.- Aßs\ A[nIm-cn-h¿-Khpw- ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-hpw- Iq-Sn- {]hm-NI∑m-scbpw- Ah¿]Tn-∏n-® XXz-ßsfbpw- \in-∏n-°m-\m-bn- kIehn-[ X{¥ßfpw]b‰n.- A{Iaßfgn-®p-hn-´p.- {]tem-`\ßƒ- \SØn.- ]e {]hm NI∑m-cpw- h[n-°s∏´p.- Nn-e¿- _ln-jv-Icn-°s∏´p.- a‰p- Nn-e¿Bń-tbm-Sn-°s∏´p.- Po-ht\m-sS \n¿-Øn- Cu¿-®hm-fp-sIm-≠v- \Spsh tOZn-®Xpw- ico-cam-kIew- Ccp-ºp- No¿-∏p-sIm-≠v- hm¿-∂vtNm-csbm-en-∏n-®Xp-sa√mw- P\ßƒ-°v- tam N\Øn-s≥-d am¿-KwIm-Wn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp-sh∂ GIIm-cWØm-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂va\ n-em-°p-tºm-gm-Wv- kXy-aX{]t_m-[\Øn-\m-bn- {]hmNI∑m-¿- F{Xam-{Xw- XymKßƒ- kln-®p-sh∂v- \ap-°v- a\ nem-°m≥- Ign-bp-I.Cu- A{Iaßsfm-∂pw- kXy-am¿-KØn-s≥-d ktµi{]NmcW Øn¬- \n-∂v- ssZhØn-s≥-d DØaZm-k∑m-sc ]n-¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥]cym-]v-Xa√m-bn-cp-∂p.- CØcw- {]Xn-_\v-[ßsfsb√mw- XrWh ¬-KWn-®p-sIm-≠v- {]hm-NI∑m¿- Xßƒ- G¬-]-n-°s∏´ Zu-Xyw\n¿-hln-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.- kaq-lØn-s≥-d FXn¿-∏v- hIsh°msX kXymt\z-jn-Iƒ- Iq-´w-Iq-ám-bn- Cu- kXyaXØn¬- tN¿∂p.hen-bhen-b P\kap-Zm-bßƒ- Xs∂ ssZhn-Iam¿KZ¿-i\Øns≥-d sIm-Sn-°o-gn¬- AWn-\n-c∂p.- Ahn-sS hy-Iv-Xam-b c≠ptNcn-Ifp-≠m-bn.- H∂,-v- {kjv-Sm-hm-b ssZhsØ am-{Xw- Bcm-[n °p-Ibpw- Ahs≥-d am¿-K\n¿-tZißƒ- ]n≥-]‰p-Ibpw- sNøp ∂h¿.- c≠v-,- ssZhsØ Iq-Sm-sX a‰p- ]eXn-s\bpw- Bcm-[n-°pIbpw- Ahs≥d am¿-KZ¿-i\sØ AhKWn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp∂h¿.- CXn¬- c≠m-asØ tNcn- H∂m-asØ tNcn-sb \in-∏n°m-

ssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw-

\m-bn- {ian-®t∏mƒ- Ch {][m-\s∏´ c≠p- kaq-lßfm-bn- cq]m¥cs∏´p.- H∂m-asØ kaq-lw- ssZhn-I am¿-KZ¿-i\ßƒ- kzoIcn-°p-∂Xn-\m¬- Ah¿- kXy-aXw- kzo-Icn-°p-∂hcm-bn-.- AYhmap-kv-enw-Ifm-bn.- c≠m-asØ kaq-lw- ssZhn-I am¿-KZ¿-i\ßƒAhKWn-®Xn-\m¬- Ah¿- kXy-\ntj[n-Ifm-bn.-- AYhm- Im-^ndpIfm-bn.CXm-Wv- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d kap-Zm-b k¶¬-]-w.- Ad_n-`m-jbn¬Ckv-emw- F∂ ]ZØn-s≥-d A¿-Y-w- ka¿-∏Ww,- Io-gv-hW°w Fs∂m-s°bm-Wv.- kam-[m-\w,- c£ F∂o- Bibßfpw- B ]ZØn¬- ASßn-bn-´p-≠v.- k¿-hiIvX\m-b {kjv-Sm-hn-\v- k¿h kz-hpw- ka¿-∏n-°p-I hgn-bp-≈ kam-[m-\Øn-s≥-dbpw- c£bpsS bpw- ]m-Xbnte°p-≈ {]bm-Wam-Wv- Ckv-emw- F∂v- ]dbmw.- k¿ hiIv-X≥- {]hm-NI∑m-cn-eq-sS AhXcn-∏n-® Ckv-emw- kzo-Icn°p-∂h\m-Wv- ap-kv-enw.- AXv- [n-°cn-°p-∂h≥- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d hrØØn-\v- ]p-dØm-Wv.- P∑a√ hn-izm-khpw- I¿-aßfp-am-Wva\p-jy-sc ap-kv-en-apw- Aap-kv-en-ap-am-°n-Øo¿-°p-∂Xv.- kXy-hnizm-kn-Ifm-b am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ-°v- P\n-°p-∂ Ip-™v,- ssZh[n°m-cØn-s≥-d am¿-KamWv- ]n-¥p-Scp-∂sX¶n¬- Ah≥- Ckv-eman\p- ]p-dØm-Wv.- Ahn-izm-kn-Ifm-b am-Xm-]n-Xm-°fp-sS Ip-´n,ssZhØn-\v- kz-bw- ka¿-∏n-°m-\pw- {]hm-NI∑m¿- ]Tn-∏n-® ]mX ]n-¥p-Scm-\pw- k∂≤am-hp-Ibm-sW¶n¬- Ckv-em-an-Ikaq-lØnse Aw-Kam-Wv.- ]S®Xºp-cm-\v- kºq¿-Wam-bpw- ka¿-∏n-°m≥k∂≤cm-b kPv-P\ßfp-sS Iq-´m-bv-abm-Wv- ap-kv-enw- kap-Zm-bw.AX√m-sX ap-kv-enw- \m-aßfp-≈ am-Xm-]n-Xm-°fp-sS a°fm-bn]n-d∂ Ip-sd a\p-jy-cpsS HØptNce√.{]hm-NI∑m¿- {]t_m-[\w- sNbv-X aXØn-\v- Ahcp-sS Po-hn-XIm-eØn-\p-tijw- Gsd°m-ew- \n-e\n¬-∏p-≠m-bn-√.Ahcp-sS ]n≥-Km-an-Iƒ- Xs∂ {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS in-£W\n¿tZißsf am-‰n-adn-®p.- Ah¿- sIm-≠p-h∂ ssZhn-I{K\v-Yßfn¬kz-¥w- hIbm-bn- ]eXcw- Bibßƒ- ISØn-°q-´n.- Nn-e¿- {]hm NI∑m-sc ssZhm-hXm-cßfm-bn- {]Xn-jv-Tn-®p.- a‰p- Nn-e¿- {]hm NI∑m-¿- ssZh]p-{X∑m-cm-sW∂v- hm-Zn-®p.- thsd Nn-e¿- {]hm NI∑m¿- ssZhn-Ihy-Iv-Xn-Xz-Øn-se BfXz-am-sW∂v- ]d™p.-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Cßs\ k¿-hiIv-Xs\b√m-sX a‰m-scbpw- Bcm-[n-°p-hm≥- ]mSn-s√∂v- ]d™ {]hm-NI∑m-scØs∂ ]q-Pn-°p-Isb∂ sshcp[-y-Øn-\m-Wv- a\p-jy-Ncn-{Xw- km-£yw- \n¬-°p-∂Xv.- {]hm NI∑m¿- ]Tn- ∏ n- ® I¿- a m- \ p- j v - T m- \ ßsfbpw- \n- b a\n¿tZißsfbpw- Ahcp-sS "A\p-bm-bnIƒ'- Xs∂ Zp-jn-∏n-®pIf™p.- ]eXcw- aq--Vm-Nm-cßfpw- Zp¿-\S]Sn-Ifpw- aXØn-s≥d t]cn¬- Ah¿- \n-¿-an-®p \S∏m-°n.- sI´p-IYIfpw- hym-tPXn-lmkßfpw- Iq-ń-°e¿-Øn-s°m-≠v- Ip-sd an-Øp-Isf krjv-Sn-®vAhbv - s °√mw- Bcm- [ \If¿- ∏ n- ° p- ∂ Ahkv - Y bp- ≠ m- b n.Aßs\ kXy-hpw- AkXy-hpw- Iq-Sn-°p-g™ cq-]Øn-em-bn.{]hm-NI≥- ]Tn-∏n-® hn-izm-km-Nm-cßtfXm-sW∂pw- ]n¬-°meØv- Iq-ń-t®¿-°s∏´sX¥m-sW∂pw- hn-thNn-®dn-bm≥- IgbmsXbm-bn.- At∏mƒ- ho-≠pw- ssZhw- Zq-X∑m-sc \n-tbmKn-®p.- Ah¿kaq- l sØ D≤cn- ° m≥- {ian- ® p.- kXy- Ø n- s ≥- d ktµiwP\ßƒ-s°Øn-®p.- ]ecpw- shfn-®Ønte°p-h∂p.- tam-£wt\Sn.- a‰p- Nn-e¿- A\v-[X ]p¬-In- Ahn-izm-kn-Ifm-bn-.- CuN{Iw- Bh¿-Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.{]hm-NI∑m¿- F√m- kaq-lßfn-te°pw- \n-tbm-Kn-°s∏ń´ps≠∂v- \mw- a\ n-em-°n.- Ahcn¬- Hm-tcm-cp-Øcp-sSbpw- {]t_m [\ Zu-Xyw- kz-kap-Zm-bØn¬- am-{Xw- HXp-ßn-\n-∂p.- kap-Zmbßƒ- XΩn¬- C∂sØt∏m-ep-≈ _\v[ - ßtfm- ASp-∏tam- C√mXn-cp-∂ A°m-eØv- AXv- am-{Xam-bn-cp-∂p- {]m-tbm-Kn-Iam-b \S]Sn.- Htc Im-ebfhn¬- Xs∂ hy-Xy-kvX - kaq-lßfn¬- Pohn® hy-Xy-kv-cm-b {]hm-NI∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- Ncn-{Xw- hy-IvX-am-°p-∂p-≠v.{]hm-NI∑m-sc√m-hcpw- tem-IØn-\p- ap-gp-h\pw- kzo-Icn-°m≥]‰p-∂ ktµißfp-am-bn- IS∂p-hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂ Hcp- alm-{]hmNIs\°p-dn-®v- Zo¿-LZ¿-i\w- \SØn-bn-´p-≠v.- Xßfp-sS Zu-XywHcp- {]tXy-I tZiØn-setbm- kaq-lØnsetbm- a\p-jy-tcm-Svam-{Xam-sW∂pw- A¥n-a-{]hm-NIs≥-d BKa\tØm-sS tem-IwsFIy-s∏Sp-Ibpw- H‰s°´m-bn- Htc BNm-cßfpw- hn-izm-kßfpwkzo-Icn-°p-Ibpw- ssZhØn-¶¬- \n-∂v- am-\hkap-Zm-bw- Adntb≠Xm-hiy-am-b F√m- hn-hcßfpw- Adn-bn-°s∏Sp-hm≥-

ssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw-

A¿lX \¬-Is∏Sp-Ibpw- sNøp-sa∂v- ap≥-{]hm-NI∑m¿- ap-gp h\pw- {]hNn-®Xm-bn- a\ n-em-°mw.- ]p-Xn-bXpw- ]gbXp-am-b \n-baßfn¬- am-{Xa√ sslµh ASn-kv-Ym-\{K\v-Yßfn¬- hsc CØcw- {]hN\ßfn¬- Nn-eXv- Im-Wm≥- Ign-bpw.tam-si {]hm-NIt\m-Sv- ssZhw- \¬-In-b hm-KZv- m-\w- Cßs\bm bn-cp-∂p.- ""Ah¿- ]d™sX√mw- icn-Xs∂.- \n-s∂t∏m-se Hcp{]hm-NIs\ Ahcp-sS ktlm-Zc∑m-cn¬- \n-∂v- Ah¿-°m-bnRm≥- Db¿-Øpw-.- Rm≥- Fs≥-d hN\ßƒ- Abm-fp-sS \m-hn¬\n-thin-∏n-°pw.- Rm≥- I¬-]-n-°p-∂hsb√mw- Abmƒ- AhtcmSvkw-km-cn-°pw.- Abmƒ- Fs≥-d \m-aØn¬- D®cn-°p-∂ Fs≥-d hm-°p-Iƒ- sNhn-s°m-≈m-Øht\m-Sv- Rm≥- Xs∂ IW°p-tNmZn°pw.- Fs≥-d \m-aØn¬- kw-km-cn-°m≥- Rm≥- BPv-Rm-]n-®n-´n√m-Ø Hcp- hm-s°¶n-epw- kw-km-cn-°p-hm≥- ap-Xn-cp-Itbm-,- a‰ptZh∑m-cp-sS \m-aØn¬- kw-km-cn-°p-Itbm- sNbv-Xm¬- B {]hmNI≥- acn-°pw "I¿-Øm-hv- Acpƒ-sNbv-Xn-´n-√m-Ø hN\ßƒRßƒ- Fßs\ Xn-cn-®dn-bpw?'- F∂p- \o- lrZbØn¬- ]dbpambn-cn-°pw.- Hcp- {]hm-NI≥- I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d \m-aØn¬- kw-km-cn ®n-´v- B hN\w- bm-Ym¿-Y-y-am-Im-Xn-cn-°p-Itbm- kw-`hn-°m-Xn-cn°p-Itbm- sNbv-Xm¬,- B hN\w- I¿-Øm-hv- Acpƒ- sNbv-XX√.{]hm-NI≥- AXv- tXm-∂ym-kam-bn- ]d™Xm-Wv,- \o- Abm-sf `bs∏tS≠Xn-√.''-1 Bh¿-Ø\ ]p-kv-XIØn¬- \ap-°n-ßs\ Im-Wmw-.- ""I¿Ømhv- ko-\m-bn¬- \n-∂p-h∂p.- tkbo-dn¬- sh®p- \Ωp-sS ta¬- DZn®p.]m-dm≥- ]¿-hXØn¬- Ah≥- {]Im-in-®p.- Xs≥-d heXp- Iøn¬AKv-\n-Pzm-ebp-am-bn- ]Xn-\m-bn-cßfm-b hn-ip-≤∑m-cn¬-\n-∂vAh≥- h∂p.''2 bn-csaym- Zo¿-LZ¿-in- ]d™Xv- Cßn-s\bm-bn-cp-∂p.- ""kam[m\w- {]hNn-°p-∂ {]hm-NIs≥-d Im-cy-Øn-em-Is´,- Abm-fp-sS hN\w- kXy-am-bn-Øo-cp-tºmƒ- Abm-sf I¿-Øm-hv- Ab®XmsW∂v-Adn-bmw.''3 1. Bh¿Ø\w 18:18˛22 2. Bh¿Ø\w 33:2 3. bnscaym 28:9

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

D¬-]-Øn- ]p-kv-XIw- Cßs\ {]hNn-®p: ""AhIm-in- hcp thm-fw- sNt¶m¬- blq-Zm-bn¬- \n-∂v- Hgn-™p-t]m-hp-Ibn-√.- cmP ZWv-Uv- Abm-fp-sS ]m-Zßƒ-°n-Sbn¬- \n-∂p- am-dp-Ibn-√.- P\XI fp-sS hn-t[bXzw- Abm-tfm-Sm-bn-cn-°pw.''-1 \q-‰m-≠p-Ifm-bn- C{km-bo¬- P\X B c£Is\ Im-Øn-cn°pIbm-bn-cp-∂p.- tam-si°p-tijw- h∂ {]hm-NI∑m-scm-∂pw- Xs∂ tam-sisbt∏m-ep-≈ {]hm-NI\s√∂pw- Ahscm-∂pw- C{km-bo ey-cp-sS ktlm-Zc∑m-cn¬- \n-∂- v- Db¿-Øs∏´Xs√∂pw- Ah¿a\ n-em-°n.- tam-si ap-X¬- tbip- hscbp-≈hsc√mw- C{kmboey-cn¬- \n-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- \nbaßtfm- at‰m- \¬-Is∏´hcm-bn-cp∂n√ tbip-hscbp-≈ {]hm-NI∑m-scm-∂pw- Xs∂.- ko-\m- ]¿h XØn-¬- \n∂p-≈ I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d BKa\w- tam-sitbm-Sp-Iq-Sn]q¿-Øn-bm-bn.- ]ekv-Xo\n-ep-≈ tkbo¿- aebn¬- \n-∂p-≈ I¿ Øm-hn-s≥-d DZbw- tbip-hn-s≥-d hcthm-Sp-Iq-Sn- ]q¿-Øn-bm °s∏´p. Atd_y-bn-se ln-Pm-kn-ep-≈ ]m-dm≥- ]¿-hXØn¬\n-∂p-≈ I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d {]Im-in-°¬- F∂m-sW∂v- Im-Øp-Ign bp-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p- C{km-bo-ey¿.- tam-si°p-tijwhcp-∂ {]hm NI∑m-cn¬- Bcm-Wv- kam-[m-\w- {]hNn-°p-Isb∂v- Ah¿- t\m°n-bn-cp-∂p.- {]hm-NIXz-Øn-s≥-d sNt¶m¬- blq-Zn-˛C{km-bo ey¿˛Ifn¬\n-∂v- \o-°n-°fbp-∂ AhIm-in-bp-sS BKa\wAh¿- Im-Øn-cp-∂p.tbip-hn-\v- ap-ºp-≈ C{km-bo-ey-sc√m-hcpw- Xs∂ aq-∂v- alm ∑m-sc {]Xo-£n-°p-∂hcm-bn-cp-∂p.- Gen-bm-hv,- {In-kv-Xp-,- A¥na{]hm-N-I≥- F∂n-hcm-bn-cp-∂p- Cu- aq-∂v- t]¿.- Ahcnte°p-h∂ Hm-tcm- {]hm-NI∑m-tcm-Spw- Ah¿- tNm-Zn-®p.- \n-ßƒ- Gen-bmthmtbip-thm- A¥y-{]hm-NIt\m- CXn¬- Bcm-sW∂.v- tbip-hn-\vap-ºp-h∂ tbm-l∂m≥- kv-\m-]It\m-Sp- blq-Zn-Iƒ- tNm-Zn-®p-: "\o- {In-kv-Xp-hm-tWm?'- "Rm≥- {In-kv-Xp-h√'- F∂bmƒ- G‰p ]d™p.- Ah¿- Abm-tfm-Sv- tNm-Zn-®p.- "F¶n¬- \o- ]n-s∂ Bcm Wv?- Gen-bmtbm?'- Abmƒ- ]d™p- "A√'.- "\o- B {]NhmI\m- p-hn-\v- tijhpwtWm?'- Abmƒ- adp-]Sn- ]d™p.- ""A√.''-2 {In-kvX Ah¿- "B {]hm-NIs\'- Im-Øn-cn-°p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p.1. D¬]-Øn 49:10 2. tbml∂m≥ 1:20˛22

ssZhZq-X∑m-cp-sS ktµiw-

C{km-bo-ey-cn-se Ahkm-\sØ {]hm-NI\m-b {In-kv-Xp-hpwtem-IØn-te°p-h∂p.- At±lw- C{km-bo-ey-cn-te°v- am-{Xw- Ab °s∏´ {]hm-NI\m-bn-cp-∂p.- At±lw- ]d™p:- ""C{km-bo¬`h\Øn-se \jv-Ss∏´ BSp-Ifp-sS ASp-tØ°v- am-{Xam-WvFs∂ Ab®n-cn-°p-∂Xv'-'1- {In-kv-Xp- Xs≥-d injy-∑m-tcm-Sv- ]d ™Xv- Cßn-s\bm-bn-cp-∂p.- ""\n-ßƒ- hn-Pm-Xo-bcp-sS CSbn¬t]m-Icp-Xv; iacy-°m-cp-sS ]´Wßfn-epw- {]thin-°cp-Xv.- F∂m ¬,- C{km-bo¬- `h\Øn-se \jvS- s∏´ BSp-Ifp-sS ASp-°te°vt]m-Ip-I''.2 At±lhpw- tam-sisbt∏m-ep-≈ {]hm-NI\m-bn-cp∂n √.- tam-sibp-sS P\\w- km-[m-cW co-Xn-bnem-bn-cp-∂p- (]n-Xm-hn s≥-dbpw- am-Xm-hn-s≥-dbpw- kw-KaØn¬-\n-∂v-).- tbip- ]n-Xm-hn√msX Xn-I®pw- Akm-[m-cW \n-ebn-em-Wv- P\n-®Xv.- tam-si°v- `m cybpw- a°fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂¶n-¬- tbip-hn-\v- Chsbm-∂p-ap-≠mbncp-∂n-√.- tam-si {]hm-NI≥- `cWm-[n-Im-cn- Iq-Sn-bmbn-cp-∂psh ¶n¬- tbip {]hm-NI≥- am-{Xam-bn-cp-∂p.- tam-si {]hm-NI\v\ym-b{]am-Ww- \¬-Is∏´p.- tbip-hm-Is´ tam-sibp-sS \ymb {]am-WsØ Aw-Ko-Icn-°p-I am-{Xam-Wv- sNbv-XXv.tbip-hpw- hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂ alm-\m-sbm-cp- {]hm-NIs\°p-dn®vZo¿-LZ¿-i\w- \SØn.- At±lw- ]d™p- ""Rm≥- t]m-Ip-∂Xv\n-ßfp-sS \∑bv-°m-Wv.- Rm≥- t]m-Ip-∂n-s√¶n¬- klm-bI≥\n-ßfp-sS ASp-°¬- hcp-Ibn-√.- Rm≥- t]m-bm¬- Ahs\ \nß fp-sS ASp-tØ°v- Rm≥- Ab°pw.-Ah≥- hcp-tºmƒ- ]m]sØ bpw- \oXn-sbbpw- \ym-bhn-[n-sbbpw- Ip-dn-®v- tem-IsØ t_m[ys∏Sp-Øpw'-'-.3 tbip- ho-≠pw- ]d™p-: ""C\n-bpw- ]eIm-cy-ßƒF\n-°v- \n-ßtfm-Sv- ]dbm-\p-≠v.- F∂m¬,- Ct∏mƒ- \n-ßƒ-°vAXp- Xm-ßm≥- km-[y-a√.- kXym-flm-hv- hcp-tºmƒ- Ah≥- \nß sf F√m- kXy-Øn-te°pw- \bn-°pw.- kz-¥w- A[n-Im-cØn¬H∂pw- Ah≥- ]dbp-Ibn-√.- F∂m¬,- Xm≥- tIƒ-°p-∂sX¥pwAh≥- ]dbpw.- hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂ Im-cy-ßƒ- Ah≥- \n-ßtfm-Sv{]Jym-]n-°pw''.-4 1. aØmbn 15:24 2. aØmbn 10:5, 6 3. tbml∂m≥ 16:7, 8 4. tbml∂m≥ 16:12˛14

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

`m-cXØnte°p-h∂ {]hm-NI∑m-cpw- alm-\m-b A¥y{] hm-NIs≥-d BKa\sØ°p-dn-®v- ap-≥-Iq-ń- {]hNn-®n-´p-≠v.thZhym-k≥- Cßs\ ]d™p- ""At∏mƒ- alm-aZv- F∂ t]cp≈ hn-tZin-bm-b tem-Im-Nm-cy≥- Xs≥-d in-£y-KWßtfm-Sp-Iq-Sn{]Xy-£s∏Spw.''-1 alm-aZv- F∂ hn-izm-Nm-cy-s\°p-dn-®v- thZhym k≥- Xp-S¿-∂p.- ""ssZhZq-X kZriy-\m-b Cu- acp-`q-\n-hm-kn-sb cm-Pm-hv- KwKm-PeØn-epw- a‰p- A©p-Xcw- ip-≤o-IcW Peßfnepw- kv-\m-\w- sNøn-®v- Ìv-Xn- hn-izm-k ka\zn-Xw- ]q-Pn-®p-sIm≠vC{]Im-cw- {]m¿-Y-n-°pw.- "A√tbm- a\p-jy-h¿-KØn-s≥-d A`nam\kv-Xw-àm-bn- ]n-d∂ alm-\p-`m-hm! Zp-jv-S\n-{KlØn-\p-≈ ZnhyiIv-Xn-bp-sS am-lm-Xv-ay-Øm¬- i{Xp-]o-VIfn¬- \n-∂pw- c£{]m]n-®p.- ]cm-iIv-Xn-bp-sS {]Xy-£ e£Wam-bn- ]cn-ekn-°p-∂ ]p-Wy-Xva - m-th! Aßbp-sS ]m-ZNcWßfn¬- ASn-]Wn-bp-∂ Cu bp-≈hs\ Ahn-Sp-∂v- Hcp- ASn-abm-bn- kzo-Icn-®\p-{Kln®m-epw.''2 B alm-\m-b {]hm-NIs≥d A\p-bm-bn-Isf°p-dn-®pw- kmw-kvIm-cn-I Nn” ßsf°p-dn-®pw- Iq-Sn- hn-hcn-°p-∂p-≠v- `hn-jy¬]p-cm-Ww.-""At± lØn-s≥-d A\p-bmbn-Iƒ- tNem-I¿-aw- sNøpw.Ah¿- Ip-Spash °p-Ibn-√.- Ah¿- Xm-Sn- hf¿-Øpw.- Ah¿- hnπhIm-cn-Ifm-bn-cn-°pw.- {]m¿∞\°v- hcm≥- Ah¿- Dds° Blzm\w- sNøpw.- ]∂n sb Hgn-®v- a‰p- an-° arKßsfbpw- Ah¿- `£n°pw.- ip-≤n-sNøm≥- Z¿-` D]tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xn-\p- ]Icw- kacwsNbv-Xv- Ah¿- ]cn-ip≤cm-hpw.- aXsØ aen-\s∏Sp-Øp-∂hcpam-bn- bp-≤w- sNøp-∂Xn \m¬- ap-sskeh≥-am¿- F∂h¿- Adnbs∏Spw.- Cu- amw-k`p-°p-Ifp-sS Bhn¿-`m-hw- F∂n¬- \n-∂mbn-cn-°pw.-''3

3. FX kvan∂¥tc tæOx BNmtcyW ka\znX almaZ CXnJymZx injyimJm ka\znXw˛ `hnjy¬ ]pcmWw 3:3:3:5. 2. bid 3:3:3:6-8 3. Ibid 3:3:3:25-28

aq-∂v alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥]Xn-\m-ev- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°p- apºsØ Atd_y-bp-sS Nn-{Xwhfsc Ccp-≠XmWv.- Db¿-∂ \n-ebv-°p-≈ bm-sXm-cp- \m-Kcn-IX bp-an-√m-Xn-cp-∂ Ahn-sS ]m-Tim-eItfm- a‰v- hn-Zym-`ym-kkv-Ym] \ßtfm- {K\v-Yim-eItfm- H∂pw-Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- aZyØn ¬- ap-ßn-°n-S∂n-cp-∂p- A∂sØ kaq-lw-.- Xs≥-d ihico-cwap-¥n-cn-h≈n-bp-sS Np-h´n¬- Ip-gn-®n-´m¬- {Zhn-°p-∂ F√p-Iƒ°vho-™n-s≥-d aØv- e`n-°p-at√m- F∂v- ]m-Sn-b Atd_y-≥- IhnbpsS hcn-Iƒ-,- {]kv-Xp-X kaq-lw- F{XtØm-fw- aZym-kIv-Xcm-bncp-∂p-sh∂v- hy-IX v- am-°p-∂p-≠v.- \mcn-am-cp-sS \Kv\ - Xm-hn-hcWam bn-cp-∂p- A∂sØ Ihn-XIfp-sS {][m-\s∏´ D≈S°w.- s]Æn\p-th≠n- F¥pw- sNøm≥- aSn-°m-Ø kaq-lam-bn-cp-∂p- AXv-.\Kv-\Xm- {]Z¿-i\w- \SØp-∂Xn¬-- kv-{Xo-]p-cp-j t`Zas\ybmsXm-cp- kt¶m-Nhpw- Ah¿-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- IAv_ - m-ebsØ kv-{Xo-Ifpw- ]p-cp-j∑m-cp-sa√mw- \Kv-\cm-bn-s°m-≠m-bn-cp-∂p- {]Z £n-Ww- sNbv-Xn-cp-∂Xv.- Ielßfpw- sIm-e]m-XIßfpw- B kaq-lØn¬-- k¿-hkm-[m-cWam-bn-cp-∂p.- tKm-{Xhg°p-Ifn-√mØ Zn-hkßƒ- Xp-temw- hn-cfam-bn-cp-∂p.- a\p-jy¿- a\p-jy-sc \njvTq-cw- h[n-°p-∂Xn¬- Ah¿-- bm-sXm-cp- sX‰pw- I≠n-cp-∂n-√.- iIv X¿- AiIv-Xsc h[n-°p-Ibpw- sIm-≈bSn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-I km [m-cWam-bn-cp-∂p.- tKm-{Xaln-abn¬- A`n-am-\w-sIm-≠n-cp-∂ Ad_n-Iƒ-°v- tKm-{XØn-s≥-d t]cn¬- sIm-√p-Ibpw- sIm-√s∏SpIbpw- sNøp-∂Xn¬- bm-sXm-cp- ssha\ky-hpw- D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Ahcp-sS Bcm-[y-hkv-Xp-°fm-Is´ in-em-_nw-_ßfm-bn-cp-∂p.{kjv-Sm-hpw- kw-c£I\p-am-b GIssZhØn-s≥-d Akv-Xn-X-zwAh¿- Aw-Ko-Icn-®n-cp-∂p-sh¶nepw- Ah\n-te°v- t\cn-´v- ASp°p I Akm-[y-am-bXn-\m¬- CSbm-f∑m-sc kzo-Icn-°p-Isb∂ XØz am-Wv- Ah¿- Aw-Ko-Icn-®n-cp-∂Xv.- Cu- CSbm-f∑m-cn¬- alm-Xvam°ƒ- ap-X¬- hn-{Klßƒ- hscbp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- I√p-Iƒ-°p- ap∂n em-bn-cp-∂p- Ah¿- \akv-Icn-®n-cp-∂Xv.CØcsam-cp- kap-Zm-bØn-em-Wv- ap-lΩZv- P\n-°p-∂Xv.- a°bn se Jp-ssdiv- tKm-{XØn-se lm-jnw- Ip-Spw-_Øn¬- A_v-Zp √˛Ban-\ ZºXn-am-cp-sS aI\m-bn-´m-Wv- At±lØn-s≥-d P\\w.At±lw- P\n-°p-∂Xn-\p- ap-ºp-Xs∂ ]n-Xm-hpw- Ggv- hb p ≈t∏mƒ- am-Xm-hpw- acWs∏´p.- AXn-\m¬- Xn-I®pw- A\mY\mbn-´m-bn-cp-∂p- At±lw- hf¿-∂Xv.- am-Xm-hn-s≥-d acWtijw- ]nXmal\m-b A_v-Zp¬- ap-Øz-en-_v- At±lØn-s≥-d kw-c£W tas‰Sp-Øp.- A¬-]Im-eØn-\p-tijw- At±lhpw- acWs∏´Xn \m¬- ]n-Xrktlm-Zc\m-b A_q-Xzm-en-_n-s≥-d kw-c£WbnemWv- At±lw- hf¿-∂Xv.- Ccp-]Øn-b©m-asØ hb n¬- At± lw- \m-¬-]Xv-Im-cn-bm-b JZo-P (d) sb hn-hm-lw- sNbv-Xp.- Cß s\ A\m-Y\m-bn- P\n-®v- A\m-Y\m-bnhf¿-∂ ap-lΩZm-Wv- tem Iw- ap-gp-h≥- Im-Øp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂,- {]hm-NI∑m¿- ap-gp-h≥- {]hNn® alm-\m-b A¥n-a{]hm-NI\m-bn- Xo¿-∂Xv.- Aßs\ Bh¿Ø \]p-kv-XIØn-se {]hN\Øn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-IcWam-bn.- ko-\m bn¬-\n-∂pw- h∂ tam-ibp-sSbpw- tkbo-dn¬- DZn-® tbip-hns≥d bpw- ]n≥-Km-an-bm-b ssZhZq-X≥- ]m-dm≥- ]¿-hXØn-s≥-d \m-Smb Atd_y-bn¬-\n-∂pw- tem-IØn-\p- ap-gp-h\p-am-bn- {]Im-in-®p.Ahkm-\sØ {]hm-NI\m-Wv- ap-lΩZv- (k),- AXp-sIm-≠pXs∂ At±lw- Ahkm-\sØ a\p-jy¿- hscbp-≈ kIe¿-°pwam-XrIbm-bn-cn-°Ww.- AXn-\p-th≠n- At±lØn-s≥-d Po-hn-Xwap-gp-h≥- tcJs∏Sp-Øs∏´n-cn-°Ww.- As√¶n¬- At±lØn-\ptijw- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ- Ign-™v- Po-hn-°p-∂ a\p-jy¿- tam-£Øns‚am¿-Kw- ]n≥-]‰p-∂sXßs\?- At±lsØ ]n≥-Xp-Scp∂sX ßs\?- A¬-`p-Xw-! ap-lΩZv- \_n- (k)bp-sS ap-gp-Pohn-Xhpw- B¿°pw- hm-bn-°m-≥- ]‰p-∂ hn-[Øn¬- tcJs∏Sp-Øs∏´n-cn-°p-∂p.-

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

A√,- At±lØn-t≥-dXp-t]mse Po-hn-XØn-se sNdp-Xpw- hep Xam-b ap-gp-kw-`hßfpw- tcJs∏Sp-Øs∏´ Hcp- a\p-jy-\pwam\h Ncn-{XØnep-≠m-bnt´bn-√.- ap-ºp-≈ {]hm-NI∑m-cpw- Xs∂ tcJ s∏Sp-Øs∏Sp-∂ Ncn-{XØn-s≥-d `m-Kam-bn-ń-√.- {In-kvX - p-hpw- IrjvW\pw- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂n-√ F∂v- ]dbm≥- ]e¿-°pw- Ahkcap-≠m°n-bXv- Ncn-{XØn-s≥d ZrjvS- n-bn¬- Ahcp-sSsb√mw- AkvX - nXzwkw-ibm-kv-]Zam-bXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.- F∂m¬,- ap-lΩZn-(k)s≥-d AhkvY Xn-I®pw- `n-∂am-Wv.- "ap-lΩZv- Ncn-{XØn-s≥-d ]q¿-Wam b {]Im-iØn-em-Wv- P\n-®sX'-∂ ln-‰n-s≥-d {]kv-Xm-h\Xs∂ At±lØn-s≥-d Ncn-{X]cX°p-≈ hy-IvX - am-b Aw-Ko-Im-camWv.ap-lΩZv- (k)- Po-hn-®n-s√∂v- ]dbm≥- B¿-°pw- ss[cyw- hcm-Xn cn-°p-am-dv- iIv-Xhpw- hy-Iv-Xhp-am-Wv- At±lØn-s≥-d Ncn-{Xw.AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Ahkm-\\m-fp-hscbp-≈ ap-gp-h≥- a\pjy¿°pwam- X rIbm- I m≥- tbm- K y- X bp- ≈ GI{]hm- N I≥At±lamWv.A\m-Y\m-b ap-lΩZv- A∂v- Atd_y-bn¬- e`y-am-bn-cp-∂- kwc £Wßƒ-Xs∂ e`n-°m-sXbm-Wv- hf¿-∂p-h∂Xv.- hn-Zym`ym-kwA¬-]wt]m-epw- e`n-°m-ØXn-\m¬- Fgp-Øpw- hm-b\bpw- Adnbm-Øh\m-bn-´m-Wv- At±lw- Po-hn-®Xv.- Ip-ń-°m-eØv- Ad_n°pń-Itfm-sSm-∏w- BSv- tabv-°p-Ibpw- bp-hm-hm-bt∏mƒ- I®hS Ønte¿-s∏Sp-Ibpw- sNbv-X ap-lΩZn-s≥-d Po-hn-Xhpw- klhmk hp-sa√mw- km-[m-cW°m-cm-b Ad_n-Ifp-sS Iq-sSØs∂bm-bncp∂p,- I≈p-Ip-Sn-b∑m-cpw- s]Æp-]n-Sn-b∑m-cpwhn-{Klm-cm-[Icp-amb Ad_n-Ifp-sS Iq-sS.- F∂m¬,- Ahcp-sS Zp- z-`m-hßsfm-∂pXs∂ At±lØn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Hcn-°¬-t]m-epw- hn-{KlßfpsS ap-∂n¬- At±lw- \{ain-ckvI - \m-bn-cp-∂n-ń-√.- Ifthm,- Ak`y hm-°p-Itfm- At±lØn¬-\n-∂v- Bcpw {ihn-®n-ń-√.- Hcn-°se¶n epw- At±lw- Ifthm- h©\tbm- sNbv-XXm-bn- Bcpw- Btcm]n-®n-ń-√.- kz-t_m-[w- h∂tijw- At±lsØ Bcpw-Xs∂ \Kv\ \m-bn- I≠n-ń-√.- A\y-cpsS Hcp- Im-ip-t]m-epw- At±lw- A\ymbmam-bn- FSp-Øp-sh∂v- Bcpw- ]d™n-ń-√.- Zpx-Jn-°p-∂htcm-sSm∏w ]¶p-tNcp-∂ {]IrX°m-c\m-bn-cp-∂ At±lw A\m-YIsfbpwAKXn-Isfbpw- klm-bn-°p-∂Xn¬- ap≥-]¥n-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p-.-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

hn[hIfp-sS {]iv-\ßsf°p-dn-®v- Adn-™v- klm-bn-°m-\m-bnAt±lw- {]bXv-\n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.- hn-i°p-∂h¿-°v- `£Ww\¬-Im-\pw- bm-{X°m-sc ip--{iq-jn-°m-\pw- At±lw- {ian-®p.P\ßƒ-°n-Sbn¬- iWv-Tbpw- kw-L´\ßfpw- D≠m-Ip-tºmƒk‘n-°pwtbm-Pn-∏n-\pw-th≠n- At±lw- ]cn-{ian-®p.- F√m-hn[ am-en-\y-ßfp-sSbpw- Iq-Øcßm-b B kaq-lØn¬- AØcw- bm sXm-cp- am-en-\y-hpw- sXm-´p-Xo-≠m-Øh\m-bn- At±lw- Po-hn-®p.At±lØn-s≥-d Cu- \√ kz-`m-hßsf√mw- kaq-lw- Aw-Ko-Icn ®p.- P\ßƒ- Xßfp-sS hn-e]n-Sn-∏p-≈ km-[\ßƒ- sIm-≠p-h∂vkq-£n-°m-≥- sIm-Sp-°m≥-am-{Xw- At±lØn-s≥-d hn-iz-kvX Xbn¬- Ah¿-s°√mw- hen-b aXn-∏m-bn-cp-∂p.- At±lØn-s≥-d kXy-k\v-[X°p-≈ Aw-Ko-Im-csat∂m-Ww- Bkaq-lw- A¬Aao≥-˛hn-iz-kv-X≥-˛ F∂m-bn-cp-∂p- At±lsØ hn-fn-®n-cp-∂Xv.\m¬-]Xm-asØ hb p-hsc Cu- cq-]Øn¬- hn-in-jv-Sam-b Po-hn-Xw- \bn-® ap-lΩZv- (k) Xs≥-d kaq-lØn-ep-≈ APvR - Xm\v-[Im-cßfn¬-\n-∂v- AI∂v- P\hm-kkv-Yeßfn¬-\n-∂v- Zqsc \n¬-°p-∂ "ln-dm'- F∂ ]¿-hXKp-l°p-≈n¬- Zn-hkßtfm-fwXm-akn-°p-∂p.- Ahn-SsØ im-¥hpw- GIm-¥hp-am-b Np-‰p-]mSn¬Nn-¥maKv-\\m-bn- ]e cm-{Xn-Ifpw- Ign-®p-Iq-´p-∂p.- GIm-¥ PohnXw- Cjv-Ss∏´ At±lw- `£Ww- Xbm-dm-°n-s°m-≠v- Kp-lbnseØp-∂p.- ssIbn¬- Icp-Xn-b `£W]Zm¿Y-ßƒ- Xo-cp-tºmƒho-´n-seØn ho-≠pw- `£Ww- Xbm-dm-°n- aSßp-∂p.- Xn-I™ GIm-¥ Po-hn-Xw! Hcp-Zn-hkw- At±lØn-s≥-d GIm-¥Xsb `Rv-Pn-®p-sIm-≠vHcp- A]cn-Nn-X≥- {]Xy-£s∏´p.- (At±lw-) Bhiy-s∏´p: "HmXpI'- ap-lΩZv- {]Xn-hNn-®p.- "-F\n-°v- Hm-Xm-\dn-bn-√t√m'-.- A]cnNnXs≥-d BKa\hpw- tNm-Zy-hpw- tI´v- Aºc∂p-\n¬-°p-∂ aplΩ Zn-s\ At±lw- am-tdm-Sv- tN¿-Øv- iIv-Xn-bm-bn- Aa¿-Øn-s°m-≠vho-≠p-w- I¬-]n-®p.- "Hm-Xp-I.'- ap-lΩZv- Bh¿-Øn-®p- "F\n-°v- Hm Xm\dn-bn-√'.- ho-≠pwam-tdm-Sv- tN¿-Øa¿-Øn-s°m-≠v- BKX≥]d™p-sIm-Sp-Ø hN\ßƒ-,- ap-lΩZv- ]m-cm-bWw-sNøm≥-- XpSßn.- "krjv-Sn-®h\m-b \n-s≥-d \m-Ys≥-d \m-aØn¬- Hm-Xp-I,-a\p-jy-s\ Ah≥- {`q-WØn¬-\n-∂v- krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- \o- HmXp-

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

I; \n-s≥-d c£n-Xm-hv- t]\sIm-≠v- ]Tn-∏n-®h\m-b G‰hpwhenb Hu-Zm-cy-hm-\m-Ip-∂p.- a\p-jy-\v- Adn-bm-ØXv- Ah≥- ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn°p-∂p'.-1 Ahkm-\sØ thZ{K\vY - Ønte°m-bn- AhXcn-°s∏´ BZysØ hN\ßfm-bn-cp-∂p- Ch.- aebn¬-sh®v- hn-Zy- kzo-Icn-°p∂hs\∂ I¬-°n- k¶¬-]Øn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-IcWw- ap-lΩZv(k)-\v- Zn-hy-t_m-[\w- e`n-® kw-`hØn-em-Wv- Im-Wm≥- Ign-bp∂Xv.ap-lΩZv- ssZhØn-s≥-d Zq-X\pw- A¥n-a {]hm-NI\p-am-bn\ntbm-Kn-°s∏´p.- kXy-aXØn-s≥-d ]cky-{]t_m-[\Øn-\vXpS°w- Ip-dn-°m≥- At±lw- I¬-]n-°s∏´p.- k^m- ae°v- apIfn ¬- Ibdn\n-∂p-sIm-≠v- Xs≥-d tKm-{XØn-se Ip-Spw-_im-JIfn¬s]´hsc At±lw- t]scSp-Øv- hn-fn-°m≥- Xp-Sßn.- A¬-Aao\ns≥-d hn-fn-tI´v Ahsc√m-hcpw- kkt¥m-jw- ]m-s™Øn.- Ah tcm-Sv- At±lw- tNm-Zn®p.- ""Cu- aebp-sS FXn¿-hiØv- Hcp-henb Aiz-tk\ \n-ßsf B{Ian-°m-\m-bn- kPv-Pcm-bn- \n¬-°p-∂psh∂v- Rm≥- ]d™m¬- \n-ßfXv- hn-iz-kn-°p-tam?''- Ah¿- Htc kz-cØn¬- DØcw- ]d™p:-- "Xo¿-®bm-bpw-.- Im-cWw- CXn-\p-apºv\o- Ifhp-]dbp-∂Xm-bn- Rßfm-cpw- tIń-ń-√t√m'. A¬- Aao≥Xp-S¿-∂p: "F¶n¬- acWm-\¥cPo-hn-XØn-se thZ\m-P\Iamb in-£sb°p-dn-®v- Rm-\n-Xm- \n-ßƒ-°v- ap-∂dn-bn-∏v- \¬-Ip-∂p.{kjv-Sm-hpw- GI\p-am-b A√m-lpam-{Xam-Wv- Bcm-[\°¿-l≥.Ahs\ am-{Xw- \n-ßƒ- Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw- _-lp-ssZhm-cm-[\sb h¿-Pv-Pn--°p-Ibpw- sNøp-I.-'- P\w- sRń.- Xßfp-sS ]n-Xm-°fpsS hn-izm-kßƒ-s°Xn-cm-b kw-KXn-Ifm-Wv- ap-lΩZv- ]dbp-∂Xv.Xßfp-sS F√m-sa√m-am-b ssZhßsfsb√mw- ssIsbm-gn-°m\mWv- ap-lΩZv- BPv-Rm-]n-°p-∂Xv.- C∂sehsc Xßfp-sSsb√mw{]n-b¶c\m-bn-cp-∂ ap-lΩZn-s\ Dt]£n-°Wtam ]n-XrkºØm bn- e`n-®n-cn-°p-∂ hn-izm-kßsf ssIsbm-gn-°Wtam?- F¥mWvth≠sX∂v- Ah¿- Nn-¥n-®p.- Fßpw- \n»_v-ZX.- Cu- \n»_vZ Xsb t`Zn-®p-sIm-≠v- ap-lΩZn- (k) s≥-d ]n-Xrhycn¬- Hcm-fm-b A_q-el_n-s≥-d i_vZ- ap-b¿-∂p: ""\n-\°v- \m-iap-≠m-Is´! CXn1. Jp¿B≥ 96: 1˛5

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

\p-th≠bm-bn-cp-t∂m- \o- Rßsf hn-fn-®p-Iq-´n-bXv''.A¥n-a{]hm-NIt\m-Sp-≈ kaq-lØn-s≥-d FXn¿-∏n-s≥-d DZv Lm-S\w-Iq-Snbm-bn-cp-∂p- AXvv.- ap-lΩZv- (k) s≥-d dp-Jn-b,- DΩpJp ¬-kqw- F∂o- ]p-{Xn-am-sc hn-hm-lw-sNbvX - n-cp-∂ A_q-el_ns‚]p-{X∑m-cm-b DXv_ - bpw- DssØ_bpw- Xßfp-sS `m-cy-am-sc hnhmltam-N\w -sNbv-Xp-sIm-≠v- Xßfp-sS ]n-Xm-hn-t\m-Sv- sFIy-Zm¿Vyw- {]ISn-∏n-®p.- C∂sehsc kaq-lØn-s≥-d kv-t\lm-ZchpIƒ-°v- ]m-{Xam-bn-cp-∂ ap-lΩZn-s\ {]]©Øn-se G‰hpwhenb bm-Ym¿-Yyw- ]d™p- F∂Xn-s≥-d t]cn¬- \m-´p-Im¿- shdpØp. kXy-k‘\m-bn-cp-∂ ap-lΩZv-,- kaq-lsØ t\¿-hgnbn te°v- \bn-°m≥- \n-tbm-Kn-°s∏´p-sh∂ GIIm-cWØm¬- {`m ¥s\∂pwam-cW°m-cs\∂pw- hn-fn-°s∏´p.- At±lw- Is√Sp sØdn-bs∏´p.- a¿Zn-°s∏´p.- arKo-bam-b B{IaWßƒ-°v- hnt[bam-°s∏´p.- At±lsØ h[n-°m-\m-bn- Kq-V-m-tem-N\ \S Øs∏´p.- At±lw- {]t_m-[\w -sNbv-X XØ-z-ßƒ- kzo-Icn®h cn¬- ]ecpw- arKo-bam-bn- h[n-°s∏´p.- Nn-e¿- kz-hkXn-Ifn¬\n-∂- v- ]p-dØm-°s∏´p.- a‰p-Nn-e¿-°v- CWIsf \jv-Ss∏´p.- hnizmkn-Ifp-sS kaq-lw- _ln-jvI - cn-°s∏´p.- shdpw- ]®n-eIƒ- am{XwXn-∂p-sIm-≠v- Po-h≥- \n-e\n¿-Øn-b Zn-\cm-{Xßƒ- Ign-™p-t]m bn.- F∂n-´pw- kXy-aXØn-s≥-d ktµi{]Nm-cWØn¬-\n-∂- vAt±lw- ]n-t∂m-´p-t]m-bn-√.- Ahkm-\w- kz-¥w- hn-izm-kwkw c£n-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n,- AX\p-kcn-®v- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- Ahkcwe`n-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n,- s]‰p-hf¿-∂ \m-Sp-w- ho-Spw- hn-´v- ZqctZi tØ°v- ]em-b\w- sNtø≠n-h∂p,- At±lØn-\v-.A{IaØn-s≥-dbpw- a¿-Z\ßfp-sSbpw- am¿-Kßƒ- am-{Xa√ {]Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ- At±lØn-s\Xn-sc {]tbm-Kn-®Xv.- `o-jWn-IfpsSbpw- GjWn-Ifp-sSbpw- am¿Kßƒ- ]cm-Pbs∏Sp-Ibm-sW∂vI≠v- Jp-ssdin-Iƒ- {]tem-`\ßfp-sSbpw- {]o-W\ßfp-sSbpw]m-Xbpw- ]co-£n-®p-t\m°n.- kaq-lØn-se t\Xm-°sf√mw-IqSn- Hcp-Zn-hkw- \_n-bp-sS ASp-°¬-sN∂v- At±lsØ hio-Icn°m-\m-bn- {ian-®p.- Ah¿- ]d™p-: "\o- kºØm-Wv- sIm-Xn°p∂sX¶n¬- \n-\°v- Bhiy-ap-≈{X [\w- Rßƒ- Xcmw.- A[nIm-cam-Wv- B{Kln-°p-∂sX¶n¬- Cu- {]tZisØ cm-Pm-hm-bn-

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

\n-s∂ Rßƒ- hm-gn-°mw.- ku-µcy-am-Wv- tam-ln-°p-∂sX¶n¬\n-\°v- Cjv-Ss∏´ kv-{Xo-sb hn-hm-lw- sNøm-\p-≈ AhkcwD≠m-°n-Øcmw.'- Bcpw- ho-Wp-t]m-Ip-∂ hm-°p-Iƒ-! Bin-®pt]m-Ip-∂ {]tem-`\ßƒ-! Hscm-‰ hm-°p- ]d™m¬- aXn.- Xm≥Cu- {]tZisØ G‰hpwhen-b [\hm-\m-Ipw.- \m-´m¿- ap-gp-h\pwXs≥-d cm-P[m-\n-bn-seØn- X\n-°v- ]m-Ztkh sNøpw.- ku-µcy [m-aßƒ- X\n-°v- ap-∂n¬- \r--Øam-Spw.- ]t£,- {]hm-NI≥]d™Xn-ßs\bm-Wv: "A[n-Im-ctam- Ih¿-®ap-Xtem- F\n-°mhiy-an-√.- a\p-jy¿-°p-≈ ap-∂dn-bn-∏p-Im-c\m-bn-´m-Wv- {kjv-Smhm-b ssZhw- Fs∂ \n-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xvv-.- Ahs≥-d ktµiamWv- Rm≥- \n-ßƒ-°v- FØn-®p-Xcp-∂Xv. AXv- kzo-Icn-°p-∂h¿°vCltem-IØv- kp-Jhpw- kam-[m-\hpw- ]ctem-IØv- im-iz-X hnPbhpw- Ickv-Yam-°mw.- ssZhn-Iktµiw- kzo-Icn-°m-Øh¿°n-Sbn¬- Xo¿-∏p-I¬-]n-°p-∂Xv- Ah≥-Xs∂bm-Wv.tKm-{XØeh∑m-cp-sSbpw- ]u-c{][m-\nIfp-sSbpw- \n¿-_\v[ Øn-\v- hgßn- Xs≥-d Zu-Xyw- Dt]£n-°m≥- Bhiy-s∏´ kz¥w]n-Xrhy-\m-b A_q-Xzm-en-_n-t\m-Sv- At±lw- {]Xn-hNn-®p.- "{]nb ]nXrhym, heXp-ssIbn¬- kq-cy-s\bpw- CSXp-ssIbn¬- N{µs\ bpw- Ah¿- sh®p-X∂m¬t]m-epw- Rm-s\s≥-d Zu-Xy-\n¿hlW Øn¬- \n-∂v- ]n-∑m-dp-Ibn-√.- H∂p-In¬- Cu- ]cn-{iaw- k^eambnssZhn-Ikw-Xr]v-Xn- IcKXam-°p-I.- As√¶n¬- B {iaØnte¿s∏´p-sIm-≠v- \in-®p-t]m-Ip-I.- c≠n-sem-∂v- kw-`hn-°p-∂Xv-hsc Rm-\n-Xv- Xp-Scp-I Xs∂ sNøpwv-'.{]tem`\ßfpw- {]o-W\ßfpw- hn-et∏m-Ip-Ibn-s√∂v- a\ n em°n-b Jp-ssdin-Iƒ- A{IaØn-s≥-dbpw- a¿-Z\ßfp-sSbpw- am¿ KwXs∂ ]n-¥p-Scm≥- Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.- ]t£,- kXy-aXØn-te°vP\w- {]hln-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.- Ahcn¬- ASn-aIfpw- DSaIfpwD≠m-bn-cp-∂p; ]W°m-cpw- ]Wn-°m-cp≠m-bn-cp-∂p;- Idp-Øhcpwshfp-Øhcp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- ]u-tcm-ln-Xy-hpw- {]am-Wn-ØhpwkrjvSn-® then-s°´p-Iƒ- t`Zn-®v- kXym-t\z-jn-Isf√mw- kXyam ¿-KØn-seØn-t®¿-∂p.- Jp-ssdin-Iƒ-°n-Sbn-se {]ap-Jcpw- {]K¬ `cp-am-b ]ecpw- am-dn-®n-¥n-°m≥- Xp-Sßn.- iIv-Xcpw- [o-ccp-am-b Dadn-s≥-dbpw- lw-kbp-sSbpw- Ckv-em-am-t«-jWw- AWn-Ifn¬-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Bthihpw- DW¿-hp-ap-≠m-°n.- "kaq-lØn¬- `n-∂n-∏p-≠m-°p∂'ap-lΩZn-s\ h[n-°p-hm-\m-bn- Du-cn-∏n-Sn-® hmfp-am-bn- Cdßn-∏pd s∏´ Da¿-,- Ckv-emw-aX hn-izm-kn-bm-b kz-ktlm-Zcn-bn¬-\n-∂vJp¿B≥- hN\ßƒ- {ihn-®t∏mƒ- "CXv- ssZhhN\a√m-sX as‰m-∂p-a√'- F∂v- BXv-aKXw- sNøp-Ibpw- {]hm-NIs\ sN∂pI≠v- Ckvem-am-t«jn-°p-Ibp-amWp-≠m-bXv.- Dadn-s≥-dbpw- lwk bp-sSbpw- a\wam-‰tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- a\ n¬- hn-izm-khp-am-bn- Ign™ncp- ∂ ]ecpw- ]cky- a m- b n- hn- i zm- k {]Jym- ] \w- \SØm≥k∂≤cm-bn-: hn-dfn- ]n-Sn-® i{Xp-°ƒ- ]q¿-hm-[n-Iw- iIv-Xn-tbmsS a¿-Z\ßƒ- Agn-®p-hn-´p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.arKßsft∏m-epw- \m-Wn-∏n-°p-∂ \o-Nam-b a¿-Z\ap-dIƒ-.- Ccp ºp-]gp-∏n-®v- ap≥-Zzm-cØneq-sS Ip-Øn-°b‰n-sIm-≠v- sImesN øs∏´ [o-ch\n-X kp-aø (d).- Xo-sIm-≠v- Icn-°s∏Sp-Ibpw- DcpIn-sbm-en-°p-∂ ap-dn-hp-Itfm-Sp-Iq-Sn- Np-´p-s]m-≈p-∂ aWen¬- InSØp-Ibpw- ]n-∂o-Sv- FSp-Øp-sh≈Øn¬- ap-°p-Ibpw- sNøs∏´psIm-≠n-cp-∂ AΩm-dp-_v-\p- bm-kn¿- (d). ssIIm-ep-Iƒ- Nße Ifm¬- _\v[ - n-s∏´v- Np-´p-s]m-≈p-∂ acp-`q-an-bn¬- ae¿-Øn-°n-SØn am-dØv- aet]m-ep-≈ I√v- Ib‰n-sh®v- a¿-Zn- ° - s∏´t∏m-gpw- ssZhwGI\m-sW∂v- Dss®kv-Xcw- {]Jym-]n-® _n-emep-_v-\p- d_mlv(d). Cßs\ F{Xsb{X DZm-lcWßƒ.- kXy-aXØn¬- hnizkn-®p- F∂ Im-cWØm¬- am-{Xw- a¿-Zn-°s∏´hcmbn-cp-∂p- Chsc √m-w-Xs∂.CsX√mw- F¥n\p-th≠nbm-bn-cp-∂p?-- arKo-bam-bn- a¿Z-n° s∏Sm-\pw- \m-´n¬-\n-∂pw- ASn-t®m-Sn-°s∏Sm-\pwam-{Xw- F¥psX‰m-bn-cp-∂p- B {]hm-NI≥- sNbv-XXv?- kaq-lØn¬- \n-∂v_ln-jv-Icn-°s∏Sm≥- am-{Xw- F¥v- XØ-z-ßfm-Wv- At±lw{]t_m-[\w-sNbv-XXv?- "kq-cy-N{µ\£{Xm-Zn-Ifpw- `q-an-bn-se AtNX\hpw- ktNX\hp-am-b kIehkv-Xp-°fpw- krjv-Sn®h\m-b ssZhw- GI\m-Wv.- a\p-jy-Po-hn-XØn-\v- A\p-Iq-eamb km-lNcy-ßƒ- krjv-Sn-°pIbpw- hm-bp-hpw- sh≈hpw- \¬Ip-Ibpw- Blm-cßƒ-°m-hiy-am-b kw-hn-[m-\ßƒ- G¿-s∏SpØp-Ibpw- sNbv-X,- Ghscbpw- P\n-∏n-°p-Ibpw- Po-hn-∏n-°p-Ibpwacn-∏n-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂ B GIssZhØn-\p-am-{Xta Bcm[\

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

If¿-∏n-°m-hq.- \n-ßfm-cm-[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ hn-{KlßfpwihIp-So-Icßfpw- ]p-Wym-Xva - m-°fp-sam-∂pw- Xs∂ Bcm-[\°¿la√.- Ahsb ap-gp-h≥- ssIshSn-™v- GI\m-b ssZhsØ am {Xta Bcm-[n-°m≥- ]m-Sp≈q.- Ah≥- Fs∂ Zq-X\m-bn- sXcs™ Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p.- Fs≥-d ISa ssZhn-Iktµiw- \n-ßƒ-s°Øn®vXcn-I am-{Xam-Ip-∂p.- F\n-°v- e`n-°p-∂ ssZhn-It_m-[\ßƒAw-Ko-Icn-°p-I Fs≥-dbpw- \n-ßfp-sSbpw- _m-[y-Xbm-Ip-∂p.ssZhtØm-Sv- `bÌv-Xn- {]ISn-∏n-°p-Ibpw- Ah\hXcn-∏n-°p-∂ ktµißƒ- ]n-¥p-Scp-Ibpw- Ah≥- I¬-]n-°p-∂ hn-[n-hn-e°pIƒ- {]tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂h¿- hn-Pbn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- kam[m\kºq¿-Wam-b Hcp- ù-Xn-IPo-hn-Xw- am-{Xa√ im-iz-Xhpwt¢iteian-√m-ØXp-am-b ]ctem-IPo-hn-Xw- Iq-Sn- Ah∂p- e`n °pw.- adn-®v,- Bcm-[\Iƒ- ssZhkrjvSn-Iƒ-°¿-∏n-°p-IbpwssZhn-Iktµißsf XrWhXv-Icn-°p-Ibp-w- Ahs≥d hn-[n-hne°p-Isf A\p-kcn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂h∂v- AXym¿-Ønbpw- Ac£n-Xt_m-[hpw- krjv-Sn-°p-∂ Akam-[m-\w- CltemIØpw- im-iz-X\cIhm-kw- ]ctem-IØpw- {]Xn-êam-bn- e`n°pw.- acWm-\¥c Po-hn-Xw- anYy-bm-b Hcp- k¶¬-]a√.- krjvSn-I¿-Øm-hv- Adn-bn-®p-X∂n-cn-°p-∂ AXn-alØm-b Hcp- bm-Ym¿Y-ya - s{X AXv.- {Xn-Im-ePvR - m-\n-bm-b k¿-hiIvX - \m-bn-cn-°pw- B tem-IØn-s≥-d hn-[n-I¿-Øm-hv- F∂Xn-\m¬- ip-]m¿-iItfm- a‰v{]tem-`\ßtfm- Ahn-sS hn-et∏mhp-Ibn-√'.CXv- ]d™Xn-s≥-d t]cn-em-bn-cp-∂p- a¿-Z\ßsf√mw.- Cua¿-Z\ßfn¬- {]hm-NIs≥-d ho-cyw- tNm¿-∂p-t]m-bn-√.- kXyaX{]t_m-[\w- \n¿-Øn-sh°m≥- At±lw- Xo-cp-am-\n-®n-√. F¥n\[n-Iw! C{Xsb√mw- Xs∂ a¿-Z-n-® B kaq-lØn-s≥d \∑°pth≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p- B {]hm-NI≥- {]m¿-Yn- ® - Xv.- A¬-`p-Xw-! GsXmcp- kaq-lØn-s≥-d im-iz-Xtam£Øn-\p-th≠n- At±lw- A£oWw- {]h¿-Øn-°p-∂p-thm-,- AtX kaq-lw-Xs∂ At±l sØ Is√Sp-sØdn-bp-∂p.- At∏mƒ-- t]m-epw- B Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚- {]hmNI≥- Xs≥-d kap-Zm-bØn-s≥-d \∑°v-th≠n- {]m¿-Y-n-°p-Ibmbn-cp-∂p.a¿-Z-n-°s∏Sp-tºmƒ- B a¿-Z-n-X¿-°v- t\¿-am¿-Kw- Im-Wn-®p-sIm-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Sp-°Wta F∂v- {]m¿-Y-n-°p-∂ Im-cp-Wy-Øn-\v- am-\hNcn{X Øn¬- thsd am-XrIbp-t≠m?- Xz-m-C^n¬- sh®m-Wv- kw-`hw.s]‰p-hf¿-∂ \m-´n¬,- kXy-aX ktµiw- FØn-®p- F∂Xn-s≥-d t]cn¬- a¿Z\ßƒ-°v- hn-t[bam-°s∏´t∏m-sg√mw- At±lØn\vXm-ßpw- XWep-am-bn- h¿-Øn-®Xv- ]n-Xrhy≥- A_q-Xzm-en-_pw`m-cy- JZo-Pbp-ambn-cp-∂p.- Ah¿- c≠p-t]cp-sSbpw- acWw- At±l Øn-t\‰ I\sØm-cp- BLm-Xam-bn.- Cu- AhkcØn-em-WvIpSpw-_°m-cm-b kJo-^v- tKm-{XØn-s≥-d klm-bhpw-tXSnAt±lw- Xzm-C^n-seØn-bXv.- Ahtlf\ßfn¬-\n-∂pw- A]am \ßfn¬-\n-∂pw- A¬-]w- Bizm-kw-tXSn- Xßfp-sS {]tZisØ Øn-b _\v-[p-hn-s\ Iq-Sp-X¬- Ahtlfn-°p-Ibm-Wv- Xzm-C^pIm¿- sNbvX - Xv.- Xs≥-d Ip-Spw-_°m¿- Cf°n-hn-´ AßmSn ]nt≈ cpw- du-Un-Ifpw- Iq-Sn- Iq-hn-hn-fn-®pw- ]p-e`y-w] - d™pw- ]cn-lkn®pwAt±lsØ ]n-≥-Xp-S¿-∂p.- At±lØn-s≥-d ]m-Zßfn¬-\n-∂vapdn-th‰v- tNm-c hm¿-s∂m-gp-In.- Xf¿-∂p- Ip-gßn-b At±lw- \o≠ aq-∂v- \m-gn-I Zq-csØ Iq-hn-hn-fn-Iƒ-°pw- It√dp-Iƒ-°p-w tijwDXv-_Øp-_n≥- d_o-Abp-sS tXm-´Øn¬- A`bw-tXSn.- AhnsS \n-∂t±lw- {]m-¿-Y-n-®p-: "A√mlp-th Ch¿-°v- \o- k∑m¿-Kw- ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-t°Wta.- Ch¿- sNøp-∂sX¥m-sW∂v- Ch¿-°pXs∂ Adn-bn-√'.Ahkm-\w- BZ¿-ikp-c£n-XXz-Øn-\p-th≠n- \m-Sp-hn-SpI b√m-sX KXy-¥can-s√∂ AhkvY - bp-≠m-bn.- {]hm-NI\pw- A\pNc∑m-¿-°pw- A`bw- \¬-Im-sat∂‰ bYv-cn-_n-te°v- sNdp-kwLßfm-bn- BZyw- A\p-bmbn-Ifm-Wv- bm-{XXn-cn-®Xv.- ap-kv-enwIƒ- an-°hm-dpw- t]m-bn-°gn-™p.- Cu- AhkcØn¬- i{Xp-°ƒB alm-\m-b {]hm-NIs\ h[n-°m-\p-≈ Kq-Vm-tem-N\ \SØpIbm-bncp-∂p.- At±lsØ h[n-°m-\m-bn- i{Xp-°ƒ- ho-Sp hf™p.- ]t£,- ssZhklm-bØm¬- Ahscm-∂pw- Im-Wm-sX Xn-I®pw- hn-kv-abm-hlam-bn- {]hm-NI≥(k)-- Xs≥-d k¥Xk lNm-cn-bm-b A_q-_°dnt\m-(d)sSm-∏w- bYv-cn-_n-seØn-t®¿∂p.- Cu- kw-`htØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- bYv-cn-_v- ]´Ww- aZo-\Øp-dkq¬˛ssZhZq-Xs≥-d ]´Ww˛Bbn- Adn-bs∏´p.- B ]´WØn-ep-≠mbn-cp-∂h¿- A≥-km-dp-Ifpw- ˛klm-bn-Iƒ-˛a°bn¬-\n-∂p-h∂h¿-

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

ap-lmPn-dp-Ifp-˛]-em-b\w-sNbvX - h¿-˛am-bn- Adn-bs∏´p.- \m-Spw- hoSpw- Ip-Spw-_hpw- kºm-Zy-ßfp-sa√mw- Dt]£n-®p-sIm-≠v- hn-izmkkw-c£WØn-\p-th≠n- \SØs∏´ Cu- alØm-b ]-emb\˛ ln-Pv-d˛Øn-s≥-d IW°p-]n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- ln-Pv-dh¿-jsa∂ ImeKW\m- k{ºZm-bw- Bcw-`n-®Xv.aZo-\bn¬- Hcp- ]p-Xn-b kaq-lw- cq-]w-sIm-≈p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p.ap-lm-Pn-dp-Ifp-sbSpw- A≥-km-dp-Ifp-sSbpw- kΩn-{iam-b Hcp- ]pXnb kaq-lw.- Cu- kaq-lØn\v- BXn-Yysam-cp-°n-bXv- A≥-km-dp Ifm-bn-cp-∂p.- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifm-bXn-\m¬- \m-Sp-hn-tS≠n-h∂ ktlm-Zc∑m-cm-b ap-lm-Pn-dp-Ifp-am-bn- kz-¥w- ho-Spw- \m-SpwkºØpw- Ip-Spw-_hp-sa√mw- ]¶p-sh°m\h¿- k∂≤cm-bn.- Ckv em-w- hn-`m-h\w -sNøp-∂ Hcp- am-XrIm-kaq-lØn-s≥-d krjv-Snbm-bn-cp-∂p- Ahn-sS \S∂Xv.- B kaq-lØn¬- \n-∂v- B-Zyw D∑q -e\w- sNøs∏´Xv- krjv-Sn-Itfm-Sp-≈ Bcm-[\bm-bn-cp-∂p.- B kaq-lØn¬- BZyw- thcp-d∏n-®Xv- AN©eam-b GIssZhhn izm-khpw- ]ctem-It_m-[hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- GIssZhØn-ep-≈ hnizmkØn-seØnt®¿-∂ B kaq-lØn¬- ]n-s∂bp-≠m-b ]cn h¿-Ø\ßsf√mw- hfsc s]s´∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- GIssZhØn-s≥d ap-∂n¬- Ghcpw- ka∑m-cm-sW∂v- Ah¿- ]Tn-∏n-°s∏´t∏mƒa°°m-cs\∂pw- aZo-\°m-cs\∂p-ap-≈ {]m-tZin-IXz-Øn-s≥-d then-s°´p-Iƒ- s]m-fn-®p-sIm-≠v- Ah¿- c≠p-Iq-´cpw- ktlmZc ∑m-cm-bnam-dn.- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- ktlm-Zc∑m-cm-sW∂v- a\ n-em° s∏´t∏mƒ- A≥-km-dp-Iƒ-°n-Sbn¬- \q-‰m-≠p-Ifm-bn- ]p-I™psIm-≠n-cp-∂ Hu-kv˛- Jkvd - Pv- tKm-{Xsshcy-w- Ahkm-\n-∏n-®p-sIm ≠v- Benw-K\w- sNbv-Xp.- kv-{Xo-Ifpw- ]p-cp-j∑m-sct∏m-se kzm X{¥y- h pw- AhIm- i ßfpw- BiIfp- s a√m- a p≈hcm- s W∂v {]Jym-]n-°s∏´t∏mƒ- B`n-Pm-Xy-Øn-s≥-d t]cn¬- s]¨-Ip-´nIsf Ip-gn-®paq-Sp-∂ k{ºZm-bØn-\v- Adp-Xn-h∂p.- aZy-]m-\hpwNq- X m- ´ hpw- ssew- K n- I Zp- c m- N m- c ßfpw- ]n- i m- N n- s ≥- d {]h¿Ø\ßfpw- Ah \cIØn-te°v- ASp-∏n-°p-∂hbpam-sW∂v{]kv-Xm-hn-°s∏´t∏mƒ- akv-Xn-jvIsØbpw- kºØn-s\bpw- hnIm-cßsfbpw- ASn-aIfm-°n- sh®n-cp-∂ k{ºZm-bßfn¬-\n-∂vB kaq-lw- ap-Iv-Xam-bn.- ]en-ibpw- km-ºØn-INq-jWßfpw-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

\n-tcm-[n-°s∏´tXm-sS B kaq-lØn-se km-ºØn-I{]iv\ß ƒ-°p-≈ ]cn-lm-cap-≠m-bn.F{X s]´∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sht∂m- Cu- am-‰ßƒ-! \n-an-jßƒ-sIm≠m-Wv- ]e \n-baßfp-w- {]Nm-cØn¬-h∂Xv.- k¿-hiIv-X\pwk¿-hIm-ePv-Rm-\n-bpw- AtXm-sSm-∏w- ]caIm-cp-Wn-I\p-am-b HcpssZhØn-epw- Ah∂v- am-{Xw- A[n-Im-cap-≈ acWm-\¥cPo-hnX Ønepw- Ah¿-°p-≈ hn-izm-kw- cq-V-aq-eambt∏mƒ- B kaql Øn¬- am-‰ßfp-≠m-Im≥- Ffp-∏am-bn-cp-∂p.- aZy-]m-\n-Ifm-b,- A√,aZy-Øn¬- ap-ßn-°p-fn-®n-cp-∂ Ad_n-Itfm-Sv- "\n-ßfXn¬-\n-∂vhn-can-°p-hms\m-cp-°ap-t≠m'--1 sb∂v- tNm-Zn-t°≠ Xm-akta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q- AhcXn¬-\n-∂v- kºq¿-Wam-bn- ap-Iv-Xcm-bn.B I¬-]\ h∂t∏mƒ- aZo-\bn-se aZy-ap-Xem-fnamcm--cpw- Xßƒ\n¿-an-®p-sh® aZy-sa¶n-epw- hn¬-°m≥- A\p-hZn-°Wsa∂v- \nth Z\w- \¬-In-bn-√.- Ahn-sSbp-≈ aZy-sØm-gnem-fn-Ifm-cpw- Xs∂ Xßfp-sS sXm-gn¬- \jv-Ss∏´p-sh∂v- ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw- ap-g°n-bn-√.dh\yq- hcp-am-\w- \jv-Ss∏Sp-sa∂v- Bcpw-Xs∂ Kn-cn-{]`m-jWw\SØn-bn-√.- ssZhn-II¬-]\ {ihn-t°≠ Xm-akw- Ahn-sS aZy °p-∏n-Iƒ- s]m-´n-®n-Xdn.- ho-∏Iƒ- adn-™p-ho-Wp.- aZo-\bnse sXcp-ho-Yn-Ifn-eq-sS aZy-Øn-s≥-d Nm-ep-Iƒ- Hgp-In.- CXm-bn-cp∂p{]hm-NI≥- krjv-Sn-® hn-πhw.- At±lØn-s≥-d Bbp-[ßƒhm-tfm- Atºm- shSn-bp-≠Itfm- Bbn-cp-∂n-√.- GIssZhØnep-≈ hn-izm-khpw- ]ctem-It_m-[hpw- am-{Xw.F√m- A¿-YØn-epw- {]hm-NIs\ A\p-kcn-°p-∂ Hcp- kaqlwAhn-sSbp-≠m-bn.- Ah¿-°v- ]m-c{Xn-Iku-Jy-Øn-\p-th≠ D]tZ ißƒ- \¬-Ip-I am-{Xam-bn-cp-∂n-√ At±lØn-s≥-d ISa.- {]Xyp X- B kaq-lØn-s≥-d \n-e\n¬-]n-\m-hiy-am-b \n-ba\n¿tZi ßƒ- \¬-Ip-I Iq-Sn- At±lØn-s≥-d I¿-Øhy-am-bnam-dn.- hnizm kn-Ifp-sS kaq-lsØ \in-∏n-°m-\m-bn- Ahn-izm-kn-Ifm-b a° °m¿- kIehn-[ X{¥ßfpam-hn-jI v- cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xn-\m¬B kaq-lØn-\v- iIvX - amb Hcp- `cWt\XrXzw-Xs∂ Bhiyambn-cp-∂p.- Aßs\ A¥n-a{]hm-NI≥- B kaq-lØn-s≥-d `cWm [n-]≥ -Iq-Sn-bm-bn.- "\n-s∂t∏m-se Hcp- {]hm-NIs\ Ahcp-sS 1. Jp¿B≥ 5:91

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

ktlm-Zc∑m-cn¬-\n-∂v- Ah¿-°m-bn- Db¿-Øp'-1sa∂v- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p-ap-ºv- I¿-Øm-hv- tam-itbm-Sv -sNbv-X hm-Kv-Zm-\w- \n-dth‰s∏SpIbm-bn-cp-∂p.- tam-ibpw- ap-lΩZpw- P\n-®Xv- Akm-[m-cWam-bn ´√.2- c≠pt]¿-°pwam-Xm-hpw- ]n-Xm-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- c≠p-t]cpwhn-hm-ln-Xcm-hp-Ibpw- Ip-™p-ßfp-≠m-hp-Ibpw-sNbvX - p.- Ct∏mgnXm- tamisbt∏m-se ap-lΩZpw- kaq-lØn-se `cWm-[n-Im-cnbmbn- am-dn-bXv- \m-w- Im-Wp-∂p.- tam-isbt∏m-se ap-lΩZpw- ]p-Xnb \n-baßfpw- Po-hn-Xco-Xn-Ifpw- sIm-≠p-h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.-3 I¿-Ømhn-s≥-d hm-KZv- m\w- Hcn-°ep-w- ]m-gm-bn-t∏m-In-√.- tam-ibv° - v- kZriy\m-b Hcp- {]hm-NIs\Øs∂ Ah≥- A¥n-a{]hm-NI\m-bn\ntbm-Kn-®p.- Aßs\ {]hm-NIXz-am-Ip-∂ sNt¶m-epw- cm-PZWv Upw- blq-Zm-bn¬-\n-∂v- Hgn-™p-t]m-Im≥- th≠n-bp-≈ AhIminbp-sS4 BKa\w- C{km-bo-ey-cp-sS ktlm-Zc∑m¿-°n-Sbn¬- \n∂p-Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p.- A{_lm-an-s≥-d Cfb ]p-{X\m-b Ckv-lmJn-s≥-d k¥Xn-]cºcIfm-b C{km-bo-ey-cp-sS ktlmZ-c∑m¿,A{_lman-s≥dXs∂ aq-ØaI\m-b Ckv-am-bo-en-s≥d k¥Xn Ifm-b Ad_nIfm-sW∂v- hy-IvX - w.- Ad_n-Ifn¬-\n-∂qw- Db¿Ø s∏´ ap-lΩZv- (k) Xs∂bm-Wv- "\n-ßfp-sS ktlm-Zc∑m¿-°nS bn¬- \n-∂p-b¿-Øp'-sa∂v- C{km-bo-ey-tcm-Sv- \¬-In-b hm-KvZØzØn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-IcWhp-am-bn- Ab°s∏´ {]hm-NI≥.aZo-\bn¬- Ckv-em-an-Ikaq-lw- hf¿-∂p-sh∂dn-™ a°m-apivcn-°p-Iƒ-°v- Ien-Ibdn.- Xßfp-sS ]n-Xm-°fn¬-\n-∂v- e`n-® hnizmkm-Nm-cßfp-sS kw-c£WØn-\m-bn- ]p-Xn-b aXsØ D∑eq-\w sNøm\h¿- Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.- aZo-\bn-se Pq-X∑m-cp-am-bn- D]Pm] Ønte¿-s∏´pw- Kq-V-mtem-N\Iƒ- \SØn-bpwap-kv-enw-kaql sØ \in-∏n-°p-hm≥- Ah¿- ]cn-{ian-®p.\n-e\n¬-]n-\p-th≠n- hm-sfSp-°p-Ib√m-sX as‰m-cp- am¿Khpwapkve - nw- kaq-lØn-s≥-d ap-ºn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Aßs\ A¥na {]hm-NIs≥-d Im-eL´Øn-se BZy-sØ bp-≤ap-≠m-bn.- k¿h 1. Bh¿Ø\w 18:18 2. tbip P\n®Xv XnI®pw Akm[mcWambn´mbncp∂p 3. tbip ]pXnb \nbaßsfm∂pw sIm≠ph∂n´n√. tamsi sIm≠ph∂ \ymb{]amWØnse \nbaßsf \nh¿Øn°pI am{XamWv sNbvXXv. (aØmbn 5: 17˛18) 4. D¬]-Øn 49:10

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

hn-[ k∂m-lßfp-am-bn- h∂ Bbn-cØn¬-]cw- Bfp-Ifp-≠mbn-cp-∂ i{Xp-ssk\y-hp-am-bn- ]cn-an-Xam-b kPv-Po-IcWßƒam{Xap-≠m-bn-cp-∂ aq-∂q-‰n-∏Xn-aq-∂v- t]cp-≈ hn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS ssk\yw- _Zdn¬-sh®v- G‰p-ap-ń.- {]hm-NI≥- Icfp-cp-In-s°m≠v- {]m¿-Yn-®p "A√m-lp-th,- Cu- sNdp-kw-Lw- C∂v- \in-®p-t]mIp-Ibm-sW¶n¬- ]n-s∂ \n-s∂am-{Xw- Bcm-[n-°p-∂hcm-cpw- `qap-JØp-≠m-In-√. \o Rßsf A\p-{Kln-t°Wta'.- bp-≤w\S∂p.- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d {]Yabp-≤Øn¬- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- hn-Pbn-®p._Zv-dn¬-sh®v- Fgp-]Xv- Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ- acWs∏´t∏mƒ- kXyhn- i zm- k n- I fn¬- s ∏´ ]Xn- \ m- e p- t ]¿- cIv - X km- £ n- I fm- b n. ]ns∂bpw- {]hm-NI\pw- A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ-°pw- bp-≤w-sNtø≠nh∂p. Dlv-Zv,- J≥-ZJv-,- Alv-km-_v,- ssJ_¿,- lp-ss\≥- Xp-SßnGXm\p-w- bp-≤ßƒ.- Chsbm-∂pw-Xs∂ \m-Sv-shń-∏n-Sn-°m-t\mkm-{am-Pyw- hn-kvX - rXam-°m-t\m- th≠n-bmbn-cp-∂n-√.- hn-izm-kkwc£WØn-\pw- BZ¿-ia\p-kcn-®v- Po-hn-°p-hm-\p-≈ AhImiØn-\pwth≠nbm-bn-cp-∂p.{]hm-NI≥- Hcp- alØm-b hn-πham-Wv- \bn-®sX∂ Im-cyØn¬- Ncn-{Xadn-bp-∂h¿-s°m-∂pw- kw-ibap-≠m-Im-\n-Sbn-√.XnI®pw- kw-kv-Im-ciq-\y-cm-b Hcp- P\Xsb tem-IØn-\p- ap-gph≥- am-XrIbm-b Hcp- kaq-lam-bnam-‰n-sbSp-°p-hm≥- At±lØn \v- th≠n-h∂Xv- shdpw- Ccp-]Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-jßfm-Wv.- Cu- Ccp]Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-jßƒ-°p-≈n¬- At±lØn-\v- t\cn-tS≠n-h∂ cq-]Øn-ep-≈ FXn¿-∏p-Iƒ- Fgp-Xs∏´ Ncn-{XØn¬- B¿-°pwt\cn-tS≠n-h∂n-ń-√.- kz-¥w- hn-izm-km-Z¿-ißƒ- kw-c£n-°m\m-bn- kacw- sNtø≠n-h∂ \_n- ]s¶Sp-Ø bp-≤ßfn-se√mwIq-Sn- sIm-√s∏´Xv- tIhew- Bbn-cØn-]Xn-s\´p-- t]¿- am-{Xambn-cp-∂p!- hn-πhßfp-sS t]cn¬- Cu- `q-an-bn¬- No-¥s∏´ tNmcbp-am-bn- Xm-cXayw-sNøptºmƒ- CsX{Xam-{Xw- \n- m-cam-Wv.{^©v-hn-πhØn¬- sIm-√s∏´Xv- Adp-]Øm-dv- e£w- a\pjy-cmWv.- Hcp-tIm-Sn-bn-e[n-Iw-t]cp-sS tNm-cNn--¥n-s°m-≠m-Wv- djy-bnse alØm-b hn-πhw- \S∂Xv.- H∂mw-tem-Ialm-bp-≤Øn¬sIm-√s∏´hcp-sS kw-Jy- Fgp-]Øn-aq-∂v- e£am-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬c≠m-w-tem-Ialm-bp-≤ØneXv- \q-‰n-bm-dv- e£am-bn-cp-∂p.- Cu-

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

hn- π hßsfs°m- ≠ v - a\p- j y- s \¥v - t\Sn?- \m- K cn- I Xbv - ° v Fs¥¥v- - kw-`m-h\Ifm-Wv- Cu- hn-πhßƒ- \¬-In-bXvv-?- DØcwh´∏q-Py-sa∂m-Wv.- Ch \bn-® alm-Xv-am-°ƒ-s°Xn-sc B cmPyßfn-ep-≈ P\ßfp-sSXs∂ tcm-jw- Dbcm≥- Xp-Sßn-bn-cn-°p∂p.- tIm-Sn-°W°n-\v- P\ßsf sIm-s∂m-Sp-°n-s°m-≠v- "alØm b hn-πh'-Øn-eq-sS tkm-jy-en-kv-‰v- kaq-lØn-\p- {ian-®hcp-sS {]Xn-aIƒ-°p-t\sc Is√dn-™p-sIm-≠v- ]n-©p-Ip-™p-ßƒAhtcm-Sp-≈ {]Xn-tj[w- {]ISn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ- Ahcp-sS kn-≤m¥ ßƒ- am-‰n-adn-®p-sIm-≠v- `cWm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ- Ahtcm-Sp-≈ AhPvR AhXcn-∏n-°p-∂p.- At∏mƒ- B hn-πhßƒ-°p-th≠n- Nn-¥s∏´ cIv-Xw- ap-gp-h≥- hrYm-hn-embn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- \ap-°v- t_m-[y-s∏Sp∂p.- F∂m¬- {]hm-NIs≥-d hn-πhtam?- shdpw- Bbn-cØn]Xns\´v- - t]¿- am-{Xw- sIm√s∏´p-sIm-≠v- \S∂ B alØm-b km-wkvv-Im-cn-Ihn-πhØn-\v- Xp-ey-am-b Hcp- hn-πhw- am-\hNcn-{XØnep-t≠m?- C√ F∂m-Wv- DØcw.- Atd_y-bn¬-\n-∂p-hcp-∂ almNm-cy-\m-b alm-aZvh - n-πhw- krjvS- n-°p-∂h\pw- Xo-£vW - kacØneq-sS ip-≤o-IcWw- B{Kln-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂h\m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂ `hn-jy¬-]pcm-WØn-eq-sSbp-≈ hym-kap-\n-bp-sS {]hN\Øns≥-d1 ]q¿-Øo-IcWw,- alØm-b hn-πhßƒ- krjv-Sn-°p-IbpwkXy-aXkz-m-X{¥y-Øn-\p-th≠n- Xo-£v-Wam-bn kacw-sNøm≥I¬-]n-°p-Ibpw-sNbv-X {]hm-NIs≥-d Ncn-{XØn-em-Wv- \ap-°vIm-Wm≥- Ign-bp-∂Xv.aZo-\bn¬- Hcp- Ckv-em-an-I kaq-lw- cq]w-sIm-≠p- Ign-™ncp-∂p.- ASn-aIfpw- DSaIfpw- ka∑m-cm-bnam-dn-b kaq-lw.- aZyØn ¬-\n-∂pw- Nq-Xm-´ßfn¬-\n-∂pw- Xn-I®pw- ap-IvX - am-b Hcp- kaqlw.A{Ian-bm-b cm-Pm-hn-s≥-d ap-∂n-epw- kXyw- Xp-d∂p-]dbm-≥ss[cyw- Im-Wn-°p-∂ kaq-lw.- k¿-thm-]cn- k¿-hiIv-Xs≥-d ap-∂n¬-am-{Xw- in-c v- \an-°p-∂ Hcp- kaq-lw.- Cu- kaq-lsØ XI¿-°m-\m-Wv- a°bn-se ]m-cºcy- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- {ian-®p-sIm≠n-cp-∂Xv.- ]eXcw- B{IaWßfpw- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- kln®p.k‘n-kw-`m-jWßƒ-°v- Ah¿- k∂≤cm-bn.- ]s£ Ahn-izmkn-Iƒ- Ahcp-sS kIehn-[ kºØpw- iIv-Xn-Ifpw- Ckv-em-an 1. `hnjy¬ ]pcmWw 3:3:3:25˛28

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Ikaq-lsØ \in-∏n-°m≥-th≠n- kam-lcn-®p-sIm-≠ncp-∂p.a°bnte°v- Hcp- ]Stbm-´w- \S∂n-s√¶n¬- aZo-\bn-se am-XrImkaq-lsØ \m-am-htijam-°m≥- k¿-hk∂m-lßtfm-Spw-Iq-SnAhn-izm-kn-Iƒ- IS∂p-hcp-sa∂v- Dd∏m-bn-cp-∂p.- Ahkm-\w- AXpXs∂ kw-`hn-®p.- {]hm-NI\pw- kaq-lhpw- {]Xn-Icn-®p.- hn-izmknIfp-sS Hcp- h≥-ssk\yw- a°bn-te°v- \o-ßn.- "A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂pG‰hpwhen-bh≥'- F∂v- Dss®kv-Xcw- {]Jym-]n-®p-sIm-≠v- B tk\ a°bn-te°v- IS∂p.- {kjv-Sm-hm-b ssZhsØ Bcm-[n°phm-\m-bn- `q-an-bn¬- \n¿-an-°s∏´ BZy-sØ `h\w- kv-Yn-Xn-sNøp ∂ ]´WØnte°v;- {kjvS- m-hm-b ssZhw-Xºp-cm-s\ am-{Xw- Bcm[n-°Wsa∂v- Bhiy-s∏´Xn-s≥-d t]cn¬- {]hm-NI\pw- A\pbmbn-Ifpw- ]p-dØm-°s∏´ {]tZitØ°v;- "ssZham-Ip-∂p- G‰hpwhen-bh≥'-˛A√m-lp- AIv-_¿-˛ F∂ i_v-Zw- A¥co-£Øn¬{]Iº\w-sIm-≠p.- B ap-{Zm-hm-Iyw- Po-hn-XØn¬- {]m-h¿-ØnIam-°n-bhcm-bn-cp-∂p- Ah¿.- ]cºcm-KXam-bn- Bcm-[n-®p-h∂ncp-∂ hn-{Klßsfbpw- ihIp-So-cßsfbpw- hym-PssZhßsfbpwssIsbm-gn-®h¿-; ssZhsØ am-{Xw- Bcm-[n-°p-hm-\p-≈ kzmX {¥y-Øn-\p-th≠n- s]‰p-hf¿-∂ kz-¥w-\m-Sp-t]£n-®h¿;- ho-SpwIp-Spw-_hpw- ths≠∂p-sh®h¿;- Po-hn-XIm-ea{Xbpw- kºm-Zn® kz-Øv- ap-gp-h≥- BZ¿-iØn-\p-th≠n- Nn-ehgn-®h¿.- Ahc√msX a‰m-cm-Wv "A√m-lp- AIv-_¿'- F∂v- ]dbm≥- A¿-lXbp-≈h¿?a°sb {]Iº\w- sIm-≈n-®p-sIm-≠v- ]Xn-\m-bn-ctØm-fw-t]¿hcp-∂ B ssk\yw- ssIbn¬- Xo-]¥ßfp-am-bn- a°bp-sS {]m ¥ßfn-te°v- {]thin-®p.- A¬-`p-Xw-!- Bh¿-Ø\]p-kvXIØnse {]hN\w- Chn-sS ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°s∏´p.- ]m-dm≥- ]¿-h-XØn se {]Im-in-°p-∂ ssZhØn-s≥d Ahkm-\sØ {]hm-NI≥Xs≥-d heXp-ssIbn¬- AKv\ - n-Pzm-ebp-am-bn- ]Xn-\m-bn-c°W°n \v- hn-ip-≤∑m-cn¬-\n-∂v- hcn-I1Xs∂sNbv-Xp.kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifp-tSXm-b B ssk\yw- a° Io-gS°n.- FXn¿ ∏n-t≥-dXm-b Bchßtfm- cIv-XØn-s≥-d {]hm-ltam- C√m-sX Xn-I®pwim-¥am-bn-s°m-≠m-bn-cp-∂p- tem-INcn-{XØn-se AXp ey-am-b B hn-πhw- \S∂Xv.- Xn-I®pw- kam-[m-\]cam-bn-cp-∂p1.- Bh¿-Ø\w- 33:2

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

AXv.- {]hm-NIs≥d tk\bp-sS \m-bI\m-bn-cp-∂ kAv-Zp-_v-\pD_m-Z (d) BthiØm¬- a°°Sp-Øp-\n-∂v- hn-fn-®p-]d™p."CXv- cIv-Xs®m-cn-®n-en-s≥-d Zn-hkam-Ip-∂p'-.- kam-[m-\Øn-s≥-d {]hm-NI≥- AXv- Xn-cp-Øn.- "A√m C∂v- A\p-{KlØn-s≥-dbpwIcp-Wbp-sSbpw- Zn-\am-Ip-∂p'.- a° ap-gp-h≥- Xßfp-sS Im¬°ogn¬- h∂t∏m-fpw- kam-[m-\w- {]hNn-® {]hm-NI\n¬- bn-scay-m{]hm-NIs≥-d Zo¿-LZ¿-i\Øn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-IcWw- \ap-°v- Z¿ in-°mw.- "kam-[m-\w- {]hNn-°p-∂ {]hm-NIs≥-d Im-cy-Øn-emIs´ Abm-fp-sS hN\w- kXy-am-bn-Øo-cp-tºmƒ- Abm-sf I¿Ømhv- Ab®Xm-sW∂v- Adn-bmw'.1 kam[m-\w- {]hNn-® {]hm NIs≥d2 hN\ßfn¬- H∂pw- AkXy-am-bn-ń-√.- Hscm-‰ hN\hpw]p-ecm-Xn-cp-∂nń-√.- a°bn-se Cu- hn-Pbw-Xs∂ At±lØn-eqsSbp-≈ Hcp- {]hN\Øn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-IcWam-bn-cp-∂p-ht√m.Im-cp-Wy-Øn-s≥-d {]hm-NI\p-ap-∂n¬- CXm- Iq-td a\p-jy¿]©]pNv-OaS°n- \n¬-°p-∂p.- Bcm-Wn-hsc∂t√?- kXyw ]d ™p-sh∂Xn-s≥-d t]cn¬- \_n-sb kz-¥w- \m-ń¬-\n-∂v- Bń tbm-Sn-®h¿.- Xn-cpta\n- \akvI - cn-°p-tºmƒ- At±lØn-s≥-d IgpØn¬- HÍØn-s≥-d Ip-S¬-am-eIƒ- Nm¿-Øn-bh¿-.- At±lsØ Fdn-t™m-Sn-®h¿.- At±lØn-s≥-d ]n-Xrhy-\pw- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d knw-lhp-am-bn-cp-∂ lw-k(d)sb Dlv-Zn¬- sh®v- NXn-®p-sIm-∂ hlv-in.- lw-kbp-sS sNhn-bpw- aq-°pw- Acn-s™Sp-Øv- am-etIm¿ØWn-™v- Ckv-em-an-t\m-Sp-≈ sshcy-w- {]ISn-∏n-® kv-{Xo-Iƒ-.Ckv-em-an-s≥-d B knw-lØn-s≥-d s\©p- Ip-Øn-∏n-f¿Øn- Icƒhen-s®Sp-Øv- AXv- Nh®p-Xp-∏n- bp-≤`q-an-bn¬- AΩm-\am-Sn-b lnµv.- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf sIm-Spw-{Iq-cXIƒ-°v- hn-t[bcm-°nbh¿.- kp-aø(d)sb arKo-bam-bn- h[n-®h¿.- bm-kdn-(d)s\ {Iqcambn- sIm-∂h¿.- _n-emen-s\(d)bpw- AΩm-dn-(d)s\bpw- a¿-Z-n-®h¿.kXy-aXsØ \in-∏n-°m≥- kIehn-[ X{¥ßfpw- ]b‰n- ]cm Pbs∏´h¿.- Ahcp-sS Iøn-en-∂v- A[n-Im-can-√.- Dbcm≥- hm-fpIfn-√.- a¿-Z-n-°m≥- Nm-´hm-dp-Ifn-√.- {]hm-NI≥- F¥p-]d™mepw- A\p- k cn- ° m≥- k∂≤Xbp- ≈ ,- Bbn- c °W°n- \ v 1. bn-scaym- 28:9 2. "Ckv-emw-'- F∂ ]ZØn-\v- kam-[m-\w- F∂pw- A¿-∞ap-s≠∂ Im-cyw- {]tXyIw- {]kv-Xm-hy-am-Wv.

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

AwKßfp-≈ k¿-hk∂m-lßtfm-Spw- Iq-Sn-b ssk\yw- Ahsc s]m-Xn-™v- \n¬-°p-∂p.- {]hm-NI≥- Hscm-‰ hm-°p-]d™m¬Chcp-sSsb√mw- XeIƒ- Xs≥d Im¬-°o-gn¬- In-S∂v- Dcpfpw.Chcp-sS Hm-tcm-cp-Øcp-sSbpw- Icƒ- ISn-®p- Xp-∏m≥- Bbn-cßƒk∂≤cm-hpw.- Chcp-sS Igp-Øn¬- HÍØn-s≥-d Ip-S¬-am-eIƒNm¿-Øs∏Spw.- ]t£,- {]-hm-NI≥- hn-\bm-\zn-X\m-bn- tNm-Zn-®p: "C∂v- \n-ßsf¥m-Wv- F∂n¬- \n-∂v- {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv?-'- Ah¿Zb\o-bam-bn- ]d™p: "\∑,- Xm¶ƒ- am-\y-\pwam-\y-s≥-d aI\pamIp-∂p-'.- Im-cp-Wy-Øn-s≥-d,- Zbbp-sS,- kv-t\lØn-s≥-d,- A\pIº bp-sSsb√mw- tem-Iw- I≠ G‰hpwhen-b am-XrIm-]p-cp-j≥sam-gn-™p: "t]m-hp-I,- \n-ßsf√mhcpw- kz-X{¥cm-hp-∂p'.- kam [m-\Øn-s≥-d DØpw-Kam-b DZm-lcWw-! Im-cp-Wy-Øn-s≥-d XpeyXbn-√m-Ø am-XrI.- Cu- {]hm-NI\√m-sX a‰m-cm-Wv- Bh¿Ø\ ]p-kX v- IØn¬- ]d™ kam-[m-\Øn-s≥-d {]hm-NI\m-hm≥- A¿lXbp-≈ hy-Iv-Xn-Xzw?{]hm-NI≥- ]q¿W\m-b Hcp- a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- a\p-jy-XzØn-s≥-d F√m-hn-[ Kp-Wßfpw- At±lØn¬- kºq¿-Wam-bn{]Im-in-®n-cp-∂p.- {]kw-Kßfpw- D]tZißfpw- am-{Xam-bn-cp-∂n√ {]hm-NI≥- tem-IØn-\v- kw-`m-h\ sNbvX - Xvv.- kz-¥w- Po-hn-XsØXs∂ Xs≥-d BZ¿-ißƒ-°p-≈ {]mtbm-Kn-Iam-XrIbm-bnAhXcn-∏n-°m≥- Ign-™p- F∂Xm-Wv- At±lØn-s≥-d G‰hpwhen-b hn-Pbw.- em-am¿-ń≥- Fgp-Xn.- ""XØ-z-Pv-Rm-\n,- {]kw-KI≥,ssZhZq-X≥,- \n-ba\n¿-am-Xm-hv,- t]mcm-fn-,- Bibßfp-sS tPXmhv,A_≤k¶¬-]ßfn¬-\n-∂v- ap-Iv-Xam-b BNm-chn-tijßfpsSbpw- bp-IvXn-_\v-[p-cam-b hn-izm-k{]am-Wßfp-sSbpw- ]p-\xkvYm-]I≥,- Ccp-]Xv- ù-Xn-Ikm-{am-Py-ßfp-sS- kvY - m-]I≥-˛AXmbncp-∂p- ap-lΩZv.- a\p-jy-Xz-Øn-s≥-d F√m- am-\ZWv-Ußfpw- sh®v]cn-KWn-°p-tºmƒ- \mw- hy-Iv-X-am-bpw tNm-Zn-t®°mw-: ap-lΩZn s\°mƒ- alm-\m-b a‰p- h√ a\p-jy-\pap-t≠m!''-1 At±lØn-s≥-d A[n-Im-cPo-hn-Xw- ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.- A[n-ImcØn-s≥-d Db¿-∂ hn-Xm-\Ønem-bn-cp-∂t∏m-gpw- ico-cØn¬- ]m1.- La Martin-Historie de la Turquie Vol II Page 277

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

b°Æn-Iƒ- ]m-Sp-Ifp-≠m-°p-am-dv- ]cp-]cp-Ø ]\tbm-e∏mb bn¬- In-S∂p-dßn-b {]hm-NI≥-.- Xs≥-d ]≈n-ap-‰Øv- bp-≤apXepIƒ- Iq-ºm-cam-bn- In-S°p-tºm-gpw- Ip-Spw-_Øn-s≥-d ]ń-Wn-am‰m≥AXn¬-\n-s∂Sp-°m-Ø ssZhZq-X≥.- bp-≤ØShp-Im-sc aZo-\m\n-hm-kn-Iƒ-°v- Zm-k∑m-cm-bn- G¬-]n-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-tºm-gpw- sh≈when-® thZ\sb°p-dn-®v- thhem-Xn-s∏Sp-∂ kz-¥w-]p-{Xn- ^mXzna°v- Hcp- the°m-cn-sb AXn¬-\n-∂- v- kzo-Icn-°m≥- A\p-hm-ZwsIm-Sp-°m-Ø dkq¬.- Atd_y-bp-sS A¿-[`- m-KØn-s≥dbpw- A[nIm-cn-Ibm-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gpw- Xs≥-d ho-ń¬- Hcp-]n-Sn- [m-\yhpw- HcpXp-I¬-]m-{Xhpw- am-{Xw- _m-°n-sh®n-cp-∂ \_n.- B Po-hnXØn\v- A[n-Im-cw- kp-Jtem-ep-]Xbv-°p-≈ Hcp- am¿-Kam-bn-cp∂n-√.{]Xyp-X \o-Xn-\n-¿-hlWØn-\p-≈ ]m-X am-{Xambn-cp-∂p.At±lØn-s≥-d Ip-Spw-_Po-hn-Xw- t\m-°p-I.- `m-cy-am-tcm-SvAt±lw- \o-Xn- ]p-e¿-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.- k¥m-\ßtfm-Sv- At±lwkvt\lw- {]ISn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p.- t]c°p-ń-Isf hm¬-key]q¿-hw- ]cn em-fn-°p-hm≥- At±lw- B¿-Øn- Im-Wn-®n-cp-∂p.- ap-lΩZv- F∂ `¿-Øm-hn-s\°p-dn-®v- Hcp- ]cm-Xn-bpw- ]dbm≥- At±lØn-s≥-d `m-cy-am¿-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- ap-lΩsZ∂ ]n-Xm-hn-s\°p-dn-®v- HcpIp-‰hpw- ]dbm≥- At±lØn-s≥-d a°ƒ-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.Xs≥d Ip-Spw-_°m-tcm-Sv- At±lw- Icp-WIm-Wn-®n-cp-∂p.- Ip-Spw_ _\v-[w- ]p-e¿-Øp-hm≥- At±lØn-\v- {]tXy-Iw- Xm¬-]cyap-≠mbn-cp-∂p.kvt\l\n¿-`c\pw- Zbm-ephp-am-bn-cp-∂p- {]hm-NI≥.- km-[m cW k©cn-°p-∂ hgn-bn-se Hcp- ho-ń¬-\n-s∂m-cp- Pq-Xh\n-X F∂pw- Xs∂ Xp-∏p-∂p-sh¶n-epw- {]hm-NI≥- H∂pw- ]dbp∂n√.Hcp- Zn-hkw- B hgn-bn-eq-sS \S°p-tºmƒ- Xs≥-dta¬- Xp-∏¬h∂p-ho-gp-∂Xv- Im-Wm-Ø At±lw- tNm-Zn-°p-∂p-: "Fs≥-d kvt\ ln-X Cs∂hn-sSt∏m-bn?- Ahƒ- Cs∂s∂ Im-Wm≥- h∂n-√t√m.'Ahƒ Akp-Jam-bn- In-S°p-Ibm-sW∂dn-™ At±lw- Ahsf kµ¿-in-®v- Ip-iem-t\z-jWßƒ- \SØp-∂p.- Xs∂ `’n-®hsc i]n-°p-Itbm-- ]o-Un-∏n-®htcm-Sv- {]Xn-Im-cw-sNøp-Itbm- sNbvXn√,- At±lw.- Xs∂ Fdn-t™m-Sn-°p-∂hcp-sS \∑°p-th≠nAt±lw- {]m¿-Y-n-°p-∂Xm-Wv- \mw- Im-Wp-∂Xv.-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

B alm-\m-b hy-Iv-Xn-Xzw- tem-IØn-\p- ap-gp-h≥- {]` hn-Xdn s°m-≠v- Adp-]Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-jw- Po-hn-®p.- kz-]Xv\ - n- Bbn-j(d)bpsS aSn-bn¬-In-S∂v- B alm-\p-`m-h≥- Cltem-Ihm-kw- shSn™p.AXn-\p-ap-ºv,- ln-Pv-d ]Ømw- h¿-jw- Hcp-e£w- A\p-bm-bn-ItfmsSm-∏w- At±lw- BZy-tØXpw- Ahkm-\tØXp-am-b lPv-Pp\n¿-hln-®p.- Ahn-sSsh®v- At±lw- lPv-PØp¬- hn-Zm-Cse {]kw-Ksa∂v- {]kn-≤am-b {]kw-Kw- sNbv-Xp.- alØm-b Hcpa\p-jym-hIm-i {]Jym-]\am-bn-cp-∂p- AXv.- At±lw- ]d™p-: "A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sv- Iq-dpw- Ìv-Xn-bp-ap-≈hcm-bn- h¿-Øn-°p-ho≥.\n-ßfp-sS cIv-Xhpw- [\hpw- A`n-am-\hpw- ]m-h\am-Ip-∂p.\nßfpsS \m-Y\p-am-bn- \n-ßƒ- I≠p-ap-´p-∂ AhkcØn¬\nßfp-sS sNbvX - n-Isf°p-dn-®h≥- tNm-Zyw-sNøpw.- ]en-i \ntcm[n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- A\n-kv-em-an-IXz-Øn-t≥-dXm-b F√m-hn-[ cIv X∏IIfpw- {]Xn-Im-c\S]Sn-Ifpw- d±v- sNøs∏ń-cn-°p-∂p.- hgn]n-g∏n-°m≥-th≠n- hcp-∂ ]n-im-Nn-s≥-d Zp¿-t_m-[\sØ°p-dn®v- Pm-Kcq-Icm-bn-cn-°p-I.- \n-ßtfm-Sv- \n-ßfp-sS ]Xv-\n-am¿-°v- HcpIS∏m-Sp-≈Xp-t]m-se \n-ßƒ-°v- Ahtcm-Sv- IS∏m-Sp-≠v.- \n-ßfpsS ap-∂n¬- c≠v- Im-cy-ßƒ- hn-t´®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- Rm≥- t]m-Ip∂Xv.- Ah ap-dp-sI ]n-Sn-°p-∂]£w F\n-°p-tijw- \n-ßƒ]ng®p-t]m-Ip-Ibn-√.- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d {K\v-Yhpw- Ahs≥-d ZqXs≥-d Ncy-bp-as{X AXv.- ap-kve - nw-Iƒ- ]ckv] - cw- ktlm-Zc∑mcm-Wv.- \n-ßƒ- ]ckv-]cw- Igp-Ødp-°cp-Xv.- a\p-jy-sc,- \n-ßfpsS ssZhw- H∂v,- \n-ßfp-sS ]n-Xm-shm-∂v.- \n-ßf√mw- BZan¬-\n∂v.BZtam- aÆn¬-\n-∂pw.- Iq-Sp-X¬ ssZhÌvX - n-bp-≈h\m-Wv- A√mlp-hn-¶¬- t{ijvT - ≥.- Ad_n-°v- A\d_n-tb°m-tfm- A\d_n°vAd_n-tb°m-fp-tam- `bÌv-Xn-sIm-≠√m-sX bm-sXm-cp- alXzhpan-√.- ap-kv-enw-Itf...- F\n-°p-tijw- Hcp- {]hm-NI\n-√.- \n-ßƒ°p-tijw- Hcp- kap-Zmbhp-an-√.- \n-ßfp-sS \m-Ys\ Bcm-[n-°pI.A©p-t\cw- \akv-Icn-°p-Ibpw- {hXa\p-jv-Tn°p-Ibpw- l÷v\n¿-hln-°p-Ibpw- sNøpI.- \n-ßfn¬-\n-∂p-≈ `cWI¿-Øm °sf A\p-kcn-°p-I.- F¶n¬- \n-ßfp-sS \m-Ys≥-d kz¿-KØn¬{]thin-°mw.C\n- \mw- Nn-¥n-°p-I \m¬-]X - p- hb m-Ip-∂Xn-\p- ap-ºv- Bcm

alm-\m-b ssZhZq-X≥-

bn-cp-∂p- ap-lΩZv?- \n-c£c\mb Hcp- CSb_m-e≥.- kXy-k\v [\m-b Hcp- I®hS°m-c≥.- Cu- ap-lΩZn-\v- Fhn-sS\n-∂m-Wv\m¬-]X - m-asØ hb n¬- Cu- PvR - m-\sa√mw- e`n-®Xv?- k¿hIm e{]kIvX - ßfm-b [m¿-an-I\n-baßsf√mw- At±lw- Fßs\bmWv- sa\s™Sp-ØXv?- cm-jv-{So-bhpw- km-ºØn-Ihp-am-b kn-≤m¥ßƒ- Fßs\bm-Wv- ]S-®Xv?- Hcn-°epw- am-‰Øn-cp-Øep-Iƒth≠n-h∂n-´n-√m-Ø km-∑m¿-Kn-I XØ-zß - ƒ- Fhn-Sp-∂m-Wt±lwD≠m-°n-bXv?- Htcsbm-cp- hy-Iv-Xn-Xs∂ DPv-Pz-e\m-b km-aq-ly]cn-jv-I¿-Øm-hpw- AXn-ka¿-Y-\m-b \n-baPv-R\pw- iq-c\m-b ssk\ym-[n-]\pw- AXn-iIv-X\m-b cm-Py-X{¥Pv-R\pw- AXn-_p≤n-am-\m-b XØ-zP - R v- m-\n-bpw- AXn-Xo{ham-b `b`IvX - n- D≈h\pwkv-t\lkº∂am-b Hcp- Ip-Spw-_\m-Y\pwkv-t\ln-X\pw- F√m am-bn-cn-°p-I.- F∂n-´t±lw- ]dbp-∂p-: "CsXm-∂pw- Xs≥-d Ignhp-sIm-≠√,- ssZhØn-s≥-d Ign-hp-sIm-≠v- am-{Xam-Wv.- Ah≥am-\hcm-in-°v- am-XrIbm-bn- Fs∂ \n-tbmKn-®ncn-°p-∂p.- \n-ßƒFs∂ A\p-kcn-°p-I.- AXm-Wv- tam-£Øn-\p-≈ am¿-Kw'At±lw- Ifhp- ]d™Xm-bn- sXfn-hp-t≠m?C√,B Po-hn-XØn¬- h√ alm-]m-]ßfpw- Bsc¶n-epw- Btcm]n-®n-´p-t≠m?C√.AXp-t]m-se \n-kv-Xp-eam-sbm-cp- am-XrI tem-INcn-{XØn¬Bcp-tSsX¶n-ep-ap-t≠m?C√.F¶n¬- ]n-s∂ F¥p-sIm-≠v- \ap-°t±lsØ A\p-kcn-®pIq-Sm?- F¥p-sIm-≠v- At±lw- ]d™Xp- hn-iz-kn-®p-Iq-Sm?- F¥psIm≠t±lsØ am-XrIbm-°n-°q-Sm?- F¥p-sIm-≠t±lsØ ]n≥-Xp-S¿-∂p-Iq-Sm?At±lØn-eq-sS AhXcn-°s∏´ thZ{K\v-Ytam?- A¤pXßfp-sS A¤p-Xhpw- hn-Pv-Rm-\km-Kchp-am-WXv.- tIhesamcp- aX{K\v-Ysa∂Xn-ep-]cn- ap-lΩZn-(k)s≥-d {]hm-NIXz-Øn\p-≈ Aam-\p-jn-IZrjvS- m-¥w- Iq-Sn-bm-WXv.- B Aam-\p-jn-I{K\v-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

YsØ sh√p-hn-fn-°m≥- am-\hcm-in-°v- CXp-hsc Ign-™n-´n-√.C\n-sbm-´v- Ignbp-Ibp-an-√.ap-ºp-≈ thZ{K\v-Yßfn-se hcm-\n-cn-°p-∂ ssZhZq-Xs\°pdn-®p-≈ ap-gp-h≥- {]hN\ßfpw- ap-lΩZv- \_n-bn-eq-sS ]q¿-ØoI cn-°s∏´Xv- \mw- a\ n-em-°n.- am-\p-jn-I Ichn-cp-Xp-Iƒ-°v- hnt[ bam-°s∏´v- sX‰pw- icn-bpw- kΩn-{iam-bn- In-S°p-∂ thZßfn¬t]m-epw- ap-lΩZn--(k)s≥-d BKa\sØ°p-dn-®v- hy-Iv-Xam-b {]hN\ßƒ- _m-°n- \n¬-°p-∂p-sh¶n¬- ssZhm-hXo¿-Wam-b cq-]Øn¬- Ah e`y-am-bn-cp-s∂¶n¬- At±lsØ°p-dn-® Iq-Sp X¬- {]hN\ßƒ- \ap-°Xn¬- Im-Wm-≥-Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- tamsisbt∏m-ep-≈ {]hm-NI\pw- kIekXy-Øn-epw- \o-Xn-bn-epwhgn-\SØm≥- th≠n- tbip-hn-\p-tijw- h∂ kXy-Øn-s≥-d BXvam-hpw- alm-Nm-cy-\m-b acp-`q-an-bn-se almaZp-sa√mw- A¥n-a{]hmNI\m-b ap-lΩZm--(k)-bn-cp-∂psh∂v- Im-Wmw.- alm-aZn-s≥-d A\pbm-bn-Iƒ- tNem-I¿-aw- sNøp-∂hcpw- Xm-Sn-hf¿-Øp-∂hcp-w]cky-am-bn- {]m¿-Y\°v- £Wn-°p-∂hcpw- Akm∑m¿-§n-IXsb FXn¿-°p-∂hcpw- ]∂n-amw-ka√m-Ø a‰p- amw-kßƒ- `£n-°p∂hcp-sa∂ hym-kap-\n-bp-sS {]hN\w-1 F{XtØm-fw- kXy-k\v[am-bn-´m-Wv- ap-lΩZn-(k)s≥-d A\p-bm-bn-Ifn¬- ]p-e¿-∂n-cn-°p∂Xv-!! ˛\ap-°v- hn-iz-kn-°mw-˛ ap-lΩZv-(k)- tem-I{kjv-Sm-hpw- \n-b¥m-hpw- Bcm-[y-\p-am-b ssZhØn-s≥-d Zq-X\m-Ip-∂p.- kXy-k\v-[\m-b {]hm-NI≥.- ap≥{]hm-NI∑m-cp-sSsb√mw- ]n≥-Km-an.- a\p-jy-Ip-eØn-∂v- {kjv-Smhn-te°p-≈ hgn-Im-´n.At±lsØ \n- c p- ] m- [ n- I w- A\p- k cn- ° p- I .- AXm- W v tam£Øn-te°p-≈ am¿-Kw.-

1. `hn-jy¬- ]p-cm-Ww- 3: 3: 3: 25˛28

\m-evthZ{KŸßfn-eq-sS Hscm-s‰ kapZm-bam-bn-cp-∂ a\p-jy¿-,- ssZhn-Iam¿-Kw- ssIsh Sn-™Xn-\m¬- `n-∂n-°p-Ibpw- kw-L´\ßfn-te¿-s∏Sp-IbpwsNøp-∂ AhkvY - bn-te°v- ]cn-Wan-®p.- ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-[n-hne °p-Iƒ- ]m-en-°m-ØXn-\m¬- `n-∂n-®p-t]m-b Ahsc H∂n-∏n-°phm\m-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿- \n-tbm-Kn-°s∏´Xvv.- a\p-jy-kap-Zm-bw- `n∂n®n-´p-≈ hn-jbßfn¬- hn-[n- I¬-∏n-°p-∂Xn-\m-bn- ssZhw{]hmNI∑m-cn-eq-sS thZ{K\vY - hpw- AhXcn-∏n-®p.- F{X thZ{K\v Yßƒ- AhXcn∏n-°s∏ń-´p-s≠∂v- IrXy-am-bn- \ap-°v- Adn-bn °s∏ń-ń-√.GXm-\pw- thZ{K\vY - ßfp-sS \m-aßƒ- am-{Xam-Wv- Jp¿-B\n¬]d™n-´p-≈Xv.- AXn¬- Ahkm-\sØ {]hm-NI\n-eq-sS temI Øn-\v- \¬-Is∏´ ssZhn-I{K\v-Yam-Wv- Jp¿-B≥.- aq-km-\_n(A) °v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ Xu-dm-Øpw- Zm-hq-Zv-\_n-(A)°p- AhXcn∏n-°s∏´ C©o-epw- Ahbn¬- Dƒ-s∏Sp-∂p.- Chb{Xbpw- ssZhnI{K\v-Yßfpw- sX‰p-Ifn-√m-ØXp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- hn-iz-kn-°phm≥- ISs∏´h\m-Wv ap-kv-enw.- Cu- {K\v-Yßƒ- AhXcn-°s∏ńń-s√t∂m- As√¶n¬- Ahbn¬- sX‰p-Ifp-≠m-bn-∂p-∂p-sht∂mhn-iz-kn-°p-∂h¿- Ckv-em-an-I hrØØn-\v- ]p-dØm-Wv.]t£,- Cu- {KŸßfn-tesX¶n-ep-sam-∂v- bYm¿-Y-cq-]Øn¬C∂v- Ahtijn-°p-∂p-t≠m?- ss__n-fn¬- Im-Wp-∂ tXm-dtbmk¶o¿-Ø\ßtfm- kp-hn-tijßtfm- Cu- ssZhn-I {K\v-Yßfp

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

sS icn-∏I¿-∏m-tWm?- AX√,- Ah a\p-jy-\n¿-an-Xßfm-tWm?ss__nƒ- ap-gp-h≥- ssZhn-I{K\v-Yam-Wv- F∂v- ]dbp-∂tXm,AX√,- ss__n-fn¬- a\p-jy-\n¿-an-XhN\ßƒ-°n-Sbn¬- Nn-e ssZhn-IhN\ßfp-ap-s≠∂v- ]dbp-∂tXm-?- GXm-Wv- icn.- \ap°vkw-£n-]v-Xam-bn- ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.ss__n-fn-s≥-d Hdn-Pn-\¬- {]Xn- ]p-kX v- Iim-eIfn¬- hm-ßm≥In-´p-∂n-√.- Adam-b- `m-jtbm- _n-ªn-°¬- {Ko-°p- `m-jtbm- ln {_p-thm- H∂p-w-Xs∂ Po-hn-°p-∂ `m-jIfp-a√.- AXp-sIm-≠pXs∂ ss__nƒ- ]T\Øn-\v- ]cn-`m-jIsf Ahew-_n-°p-Itb \ap-°v- \n¿-hm-lap≈q.- AXn¬- an-j\dn-am¿-°pw- adn-s®m-c`n-{]mban-√.- ss__n-fn-s≥d Hdn-Pn-\en-\v- Fs¥¶n-epw- {]tXy-IXIfp≈Xm-bn- Ah¿- hn-Nm-cn-°p-∂n-√.- AXn-se BibØn-\m-Wv{]m[m-\y-sa∂m-Wh¿- ]dbp-∂Xv.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ {In-kvX - ym \n-Ifn¬- Hcp- iXam-\w- t]m-epw- ss__n-fn-s≥-d aq-e`m-jbn¬{]m-Yan-IPv-Rm-\sa¶n-epw- D≈hc√.- Ah¿- ]m-cm-bWw- sNøp∂Xpw- {]Ncn-∏n-°p-∂Xpsa√mw- ss__n-fn-s≥-d hy-Xy-kv-X `m jIfn-ep-≈ ]Xn-∏p-Ifm-Wv.- "kXy-thZ ]p-kv-XI'-am-bn- Cu- ]Xn∏p-Isf AhXcn-∏n-°p-∂Xn¬- Ah¿-°v- kt¶m-Nsam-∂p-an-√.ssZhn-I {K\vY - ßsf°p-dn-® Ckve - m-an-I hn-izm-khp-am-bn- CXvkm-cam-b `n-∂n-∏v- {]ISn-∏n-°p-∂p.- ssZhn-I{K\vY - ßƒ- AhbpsS aq-eßtfm-Sp-Iq-Sn- kw-c£n-°s∏SWsa∂pw- ]m-cm-bWw- sNøs∏ SWsa∂p-am-Wv- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- Icp-Xp-∂Xv.- CXn-\v- Im-cWap-≠v.ssZhn-I{K\v-YØn-se Hm-tcm- ]Zhpw- ssZhn-Iam-bn-cn-°pw.- AXn∂v- \mw- \¬-Ip-∂ ]cn-`m-j F{XXs∂ tbm-Pn-®Xm-sW¶n-epwAXn-∂v- ]cn-an-Xn-Ifp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ssZhhm Iyw- Aßs\ Xs∂ kw-c£n-°s∏tS≠Xp-≠v.- ssZhhm-IyØn \v- \mw- \¬-Ip-∂ ]cn-`m-j \Ωp-tSXm-Wv.- ssZhØn-t≥-dX√. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ AsXm-cn-°epw- ssZhn-I{KŸam-bn- Adnbs∏´p-Iq-Sm.- AXn-s\ ssZhn-I{K\v-YØn-s≥-d ]cn-`m-jbm-bnam{Xsa ]cn-KWn-°m-hq.ssZhn-I{KŸw- AhXcn-∏n-°p-∂Xv- {Xn-Im-ePv-Rm-\n-bm-b ssZham-Wv.- AXv- {]hm-NI∑m-cn-eq-sS am-{Xam-Wv- AhXcn-∏n°

thZ{KŸßfn-eq-sS

s∏Sp-I.- Im-eØn-\p- AXo-X\m-b ssZhØn-s≥-d hN\ßfn¬sshcp-[-y-ap-≠m-Ip-Ibn-√.- Ah≥- ]d™ Im-cy-ßƒ- {]m-]©nI kXy-ßfp-am-bnhn-tbm-Pn-∏n-em-bn-°q-Sm.- {KŸØn-s≥-d AhXc tWmt±iyw- P\ßsf k∑m¿-KØnte°p- \bn-°em-Wv.- Ah¿ °v- am-XrIbm-th≠ {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS kw-ip-≤ Po-hn-Xw- hn-hcn°p-I Iq-Sn- sNøp-∂p,- thZ{K\v-Yßƒ.-- Ahsbm-cn-°epw- a\pjysc hrØntISp-Iƒ- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xm-bn-°q-Sm.- {]hm-NI∑m-sc \oN cm-bn- AhXcn-∏n-°p-∂Xm-bn-°q-Sm.- Cu- am-\Zfißfp-sS shfn® Øn¬- ]gbXpw- ]p-Xn-bXpam-b \n-baßfp-sS tem-IØnte°v\ap-s°m-∂v- IS∂p-sN√mw.GsXm-cp- {K\v-YØn-s≥-dbpw- I¿-Øm-hn-s\°p-dn-®dn-bp-∂XvB {K\v-YØn-\Ip-Øp-\n-∂m-Wv.- H∂p-In¬- AXn-s≥-d I¿-Ømhns≥-d t]cv- ]p-dw-N´bn¬- A®Sn-®n--´p-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- As√¶n¬AXn-s≥-d D≈S°Øn-sehn-sSsb¶n-epw- CXv- C∂bm-fp-sS krjvSn-bm-sW∂v- tcJs∏Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°pw.- ss__n-fn-s≥-d Adp-]Øn bm-dv- ]p-kv-XIßfntem- At∏m-{In-^m- {KŸßfn-tem- H∂pw Xs∂ CXv- ssZhn-I hN\am-sWt∂m- As√¶n¬- ssZhw- {]hmN I∂v- Adn-bn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø t_m-[\ßfp-sS kam-lm-cam-sWt∂mD≈ ]cm-a¿-ißƒ- \mw- Im-Wp-∂n-√.- Ahsb√mw- Xs∂ Ahbp sS cN\°p- ]n-∂n¬- a\p-jy-Icßfm-Wp-≈sX∂m-Wv- DXv-tLm jn-°p-∂Xv.- ssZhn-I hN\ßfp-sS am-{Xw- kam-lm-cam-Wvss__n-sf∂v- ss{IkvX - h¿-°p-t]m-epw- A`n-{]m-ban-√.- ]cn-ip≤mXv-a {]tNm-Zn-Xcm-b hn-ip-≤∑mcm¬- hn-cNn-Xam-bsX∂v- Cu{KŸßsf√m-sa∂m-Wh¿- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xv.Cu- ]p-kv-XIßƒ- cNn-®Xv- hn-ip-≤∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- Xo¿Øp-]dbm≥- Ign-bp-tam?- \ap-°v- ]cn-tim[n-°mw.- tam-si FgpXnbsX∂v- hn-iz-kn-°s]Sp-∂ \ym-b{]am-W ]p-kv-XIßƒ-˛]gb \n-baØn-se BZy-sØ A©v- ]p-kvX - IßsfSp-°p-I.- D¬-]Ø - n,]p-d∏m-Sv,- tehy,- kw-Jy,- Bh¿-Ø\w- F∂o- ]p-kv-XIßƒ-.Ahbm-Wv- aq-km-\_n-°v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ Xu-dm-sØ (tXmdm) ∂m-Wv- an-j\dn-am-cn¬- Nn-e¿- AhIm-is∏Sp-∂Xv.- tam-si {]hm NI\v- ko-\m-aebn¬- sh®p- e`n-® {]am-Wßƒ°v- am-{Xam-Wv"tXm-d'-sb∂ ]Zw- BZy-Im-eßfn¬- D]tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂sX∂v-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

ss{Ikv-Xh ]Wv-Un-X∑m¿-1 Xs∂ kΩXn-°p-∂p-≠v.- D¬-]-Ønap-X¬- Bh¿-Ø\w- hscbp-≈ ]p-kv-XIßfn¬- H∂p-t]m-epw ]q¿-Wam-bn- tam-si Fgp-Xn-bXs√∂pw- Ah¿- ka¿-Y-n-°p-∂p.2 tam-si Fgp-Xn-bsX∂v- ]cs° hn-iz-kn-°s∏Sp-∂ \ym-a{]amW {K\v-Yßfn-se Ahkm-\sØ ]p-kv-XIam-b Bh¿-Ø\ØXn se GXm-\pw- hcn-Iƒ- {i≤n-°p-I.- "tam-hm-_v- tZiØp-sh®v- I¿ Øm-hn-s≥-d Zm-k\m-b tam-si acn-®p.- t_Xv-s]cn--tbdn-s∂Xn-sc tam-hm-_v- tZiØn-se Xm-gv-hcbn¬- Abm-sf kw-kv-Icn-®p.F∂m¬,- Abm-sf kw-kv-Icn-® kv-Yew- Ct∂m-fw- B¿-°pw- Adn™p-Iq-Sm.- acn-°p-tºmƒ- tam-sibv-°v- \q-‰n-Ccp-]Xp- hb m-bncp-∂p.- Abm-fp-sS IÆp-Iƒ- aßp-Itbm- ico-cw- Zp¿-_eam-hpItbm- sNbvX - n-cp-∂n-√.- tam-hm-_v- kaXeØn-¬s - h®v- C{km-bo¬Im¿- tam-si°p- th≠n- ap-∏Xp- Zn-hkw- hn-e]n-®p.- Aßs\ tamsi°pth≠n-bp-≈ hn-em-]hpw- Zpx-Jm-NcWhpw- Ign-™p-3. CuhN\ßƒ- tam-si Fgp-Xn-bXm-bn-cn-°m≥- GXm-bm-epw- km-[yXbn-√t√m.- Cu- hN\ßsfgp-Xn-bXv- At±las√¶n¬- AXn-\pap-ºp-≈Xpw- Fgp-Xn-bXv- At±lam-sW∂v- Dd∏n-®v- ]dbp-hm≥Fßs\bm-Wv- Ign-bp-I?- I¿-Øm-hv- Bcm-sW∂p-t]m-epw- hy-IvXam-bn- ]dbm≥- km-[n-°m-Ø Hcp- {KŸw- ssZhn-I{KŸam-bnhn-iz-kn-°p-∂sXßs\bm-Wv?\q-‰n-b≥-]Xv- A[-ym-bßfn-em-bn- ]c∂p- In-S°p-∂ Im-hy-ßfp sS kam-lm-cam-Wv- k¶o¿-Ø\ßƒ.- Zm-ho-Zn-\v- ssZhØn¬-\n∂pe`n-® k_q¿- Xs∂bm-Wn-hsb-∂m-Wv- km-[m-cW°m¿- [cn-®phim-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.- F∂m¬,- k¶o¿-Ø\]p-kv-XIw- GIIm-eØvGI{KŸIm-c\m¬- GI{KŸam-bn- Fgp-Xs∏´Xs√∂pw- ]e Im-eßfn¬- ]e {KŸIm-c∑m-cm¬- cNn-°s∏´Xm-sW∂p-amWvthZ]p-kv-XI \n-L≠p-4 Xs∂ ]dbp-∂Xv.- B¿,- Ft∏mƒ-,- Fhn sSsh®v- Fgp-Xn-bsX∂dn-bm-Ø Hcp- ]p-kv-XIw- ssZhn-Iam-bnAhXcn-∏n-°p-∂Xn¬- h√ A¿-Y-hp-ap-t≠m?]gb \n-b aØn-s e a‰p- ]p-k v - XIßfp- sS Ahkv - Y bpw-

thZ{KŸßfn-eq-sS

XssYh. thZ]p-kv-XI \n-L≠p- ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬- Ahbpw- ap≥]d™ ]p-kX v- Ißsft∏m-seØs∂ {KŸI¿-Øm-hn-s\°p-dn® hy-Iv-Xam-b Nn-{Xw- \¬-Ip-∂n-s√∂ hkv-Xp-X \ap-°p- ap-∂n¬A\m-hrXam-hpw.- dh: F.-kn.- t¢bo-‰≥- Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""]p-cmX\ {KŸI¿-Øm-°fn¬- Nn-e¿- hn-in-jv-Sam-b Hcp- D]tZisØ {]Xn ]m-Zn-°p-∂Xn-\v- B{Kln-®m¬- Ah¿- Xßƒ- ]dbp-∂ D]tZiwZm-ho-Zv,- lt\m-°v,- biøm-hv- ap-Xem-b alm-∑m¿- ]dbp-∂p-sh∂v`m-hn-®v- hm-kv-XhØn¬- Xßƒ- Xs∂ Fgp-Xp-∂hsb B alm ∑m¿- Fgp-Xn-bsX∂v- ]dbp-∂Xv- A_≤am-sW∂v- hn-Nm-cn-®n-cp∂n-√''1.- CXm-Whkv-Y! Btcm- Nn-e¿- Ah¿-°p-tXm-∂n-b ]eXpwFgp-Xn- Ah {]hm-NI∑m¿- Fgp-Xn-bXm-sW∂v- Btcm-]n-®p.Ahsb C∂v- thZ{KŸam-bn- ]n-≥-]‰p-∂p.- F{X hn-Nn-{Xw-!! CXv- Im-Wp-I: ""Rßƒ- Pv-Rm-\n-Iƒ- btlm-hbp-sS \ym-b{]am-Ww- Rßfp sS ]°¬- D≠v- F∂v- \n-ßƒ- ]dbp-∂Xv- Fßn-s\?- im-kv-{Xnam cp-sS I≈ Fgp-Øtv- Im¬- AXn-s\ hym-Pam-°n-Xo¿-Øncn°p∂p''2.bn-scaym- {]hm-NIs≥-d hN\am-Wn-Xv.- - At±lØn-s≥-d Im-eØpXs∂ \ym-b{]am-W]p-kvX - IØn-¬- ]p-tcm-ln-X∑m¿- ssIISØ ep-Iƒ- \SØn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- Cu- hN\Øn¬-\n-∂v- kp-Xcmw- hyIvXam-Ip-∂p.]p-Xn-b \n-baØn-s≥-d Ahkv-Ybpw- as‰m-∂√.- tbip-{In-kvXp- kp-hn-tijw- {]kw-Kn-®p-sh∂v- ss__n-fn¬- ]ebn-Sßfnepw- ]dbp-∂p-s≠¶n-epw-3 {In-kv-Xp-hn-t≥-dXm-b Hcp- kp-hn-tijw\ap-°v- Im-Wm≥- Ign-bp-∂n-√.- At±lØn-t≥-dXm-b Hcp- kp-hntijap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬- AXv- ssZhn-I{KŸam-Im-\p-≈ km[y-Xsb \n-tj[n-°m-\m¿-°pw- Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Aßs\sbm∂n-√.-- am-{Xa√,- ]p-Xn-b \n-baØn-s≥-d- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ Ccp-]Øntbgv- ]p-kv-XIßfn-epw- Iq-Sn- ]cXn-bm¬- {In-kv-Xp-hn-t≥-dXm-b hfsc Ip-d®v- hN\ßƒ- am-{Xsa \ap-°v- e`n-°q.]p-Xn-b \n-baØn-s≥-d- {][m-\ {]Xn-]m-Zyw- {In-kv-Xp-hn-s≥-d

1. dh.- F.-kn.- t¢bo-dd≥-: thZ ]p-kv-XI \n-L≠p.- t]Pv- 213 2. Ibid Page 58, 250, 463, 532

1. Ibid Page 41

3. Bh¿-Ø\w- 34:5-˛8 4. dh.- F.-kn.- t¢bo-dd≥-: thZ ]p-kv-XI \n-L≠p.- t]Pv- 523

2. bn-caym-hp- 8:8 3.- aØm-bn- 9: 35, am¿-t°m-kv- 8: 35,- eq-t°m-kv- 20:1

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Po-hn-Xhpw- acWhp-am-Wt√m.- {]kv-Xp-X kw-`hßƒ- hn-hcn-® kp-hn-tijI¿-Øm-°tfm- at‰m- At±lØn-s≥-d kaIm-en-ItcmPo-hnXØn-s≥-d ZrIvk - m-£n-Itfm- Bbn-cp-∂p-thm?- aØm-bn-bpsS kp-hn-tijsagp-Xn-bXv- {In-kv-Xp- in-jy-\m-b aØm-bn-b√.- at‰ tXm- aØm-bn-bm-Wv.- {In-kvX - p-in-jy-\m-b ]t{Xm-kn-s≥-d in-jy\mb am¿-t°m-kv- {In-kv-Xp-hn-s\ I≠n-´p-t]m-ep-an-√.- tbip-hn-s≥-d in-jy-\√ aq-∂mw- kphn-tijI¿-Øm-hm-b eq-t°m-kv.- At±lw]utem-kn-s≥d in-£y-\m-b Hcp- sshZy-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- tbml∂m≥kp-hn-tijw- Bcm-sWgp-Xn-bsX∂ hn-jbsØs®m-√n-bp-≈ X¿ °w- C∂pw- Ahkm-\n-®n-ń-√.- F¥m-bm-epw- {In-kv-Xp- in-jy-\mb tbm-l∂m-\√ AXn-s≥-d- I¿-Øm-sh∂v- B kp-hn-tijw- H∂pa\ n-cp-Øn- hm-bn-®m¬- a\ n-em-Ipw.- teJ\ßfn¬- an-°hbpwFgp-Xn-b ]utem-kv- {In-kv-Xp-hn-s≥-d in-jy-\√.ss__nƒ- ssZhn-I hN\ßƒ- am-{Xw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂Xs√∂v1 sImcn-¥y¿- 7˛mw- A[-ym-bØn-se 12-˛mw- hN\hpw- 25˛mwhN\hpw- hy-Iv-Xam-°p-∂p.C\n- ss__n-fn-s≥d- D≈S°Øn-te°p- t\m-°p-I.- a\p-jysc k∑m¿-KØnte°p- \bn-°p-hm-\p-XIp-∂ \n¿-tZißfm-Wv- thZ {K\v-YØn¬- D≠m-th≠Xv.- AXn-\p-th≠ Ncn-{Xßfm-WXn¬{]Xn-]m-Zn-t°≠Xv.- kZv-hrØcm-bn-cp-∂ {]hm-NI∑m-sc amXr Ibm°m-\m-Wv- Ah D]tZin-t°≠Xv.- F∂m¬,- ss__nƒhc®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂ {]hm-NI∑mcp-sS Nn-{Xsa¥m-Wv?- ho-™pIpSn-®v- \·\m-hp-Ibpw- kz-]p-{Xn-am-tcm-sSm-∏w- ibn-®v- Ah¿-°pK¿-àp-≠m-°p-Ibpw- sNbv-X tem-Øv-1,- aIs≥-d `m-cy-bm-b Xm-am dp-am-bn- hy-`n-Ncn-°p-∂ blq-Zm-2 ,- ]n-Xm-hn-s≥-d sh∏m-ń-bp-am-bnssew-Kn-I_\v-[Øn-te¿-s∏Sp-∂ cq-t_≥-3,- kz-¥w- ]Sbm-fn-bpsS `m-cy-bp-sS ku-µcyw- I≠v- {àn-®v- Ahsf sIm-´m-cØn-te°vhn-fn-∏n-®v- hy-`n-Ncn-°p-Ibpw- Ahƒ- K¿-`n-Wn-bm-sW∂dn™ t∏mƒ- AXn-s≥d DØchm-Zn-Øw- Ahfp-sS `¿-Øm-hn¬- Btcm]n-°m-\m-bn- {ian-®v- ]cm-Pbs∏Sp-Ibpw- At∏mƒ- At±lsØ 1. D¬-∏Øn- 9: 21-˛24 2. D¬-∏Øn- 19: 30-˛38 3. D¬-∏Øn- 38: 13-˛30

thZ{KŸßfn-eq-sS

NXn-bn¬- h[n-°p-Ibpw- sNbv-X Zm-ho-Zv1- ,- A\y-Pm-Xn-°m-cm-b kv{Xo-Isf hn-hm-lw-sNbv-Xp- Ahcp-sS {]o-Xn-°p-th≠n- hn-{Klmcm-[\ \SØn-b tkm-fa≥-2,- CsX√m-am-Wv- ss__nƒ- \¬-Ip∂ {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS Nn-{Xw.- kZv-hrØcm-bn- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- {]hm NI∑m-cp-sS am-XrI tXSn- ss__nƒ- ]cXp-∂h¿-°v- \n-cm-i am{Xam-bn-cn-°pw- e`n-°p-I.ss__n-fn-s≥-d AIw- ]cntim[n-°p-∂h¿-°v- Im-Wm≥- Ignbp-s∂m-cp- hkv-Xp-X-bp-≠v.- H´\h[n- sshcp-[-y-ßfp-≠v- AXnse ∂Xs{X AXv.-- Cu- sshcp-[y- ß - sf \n- m-cam-°n-Ø≈m≥- Ignbn√.- ssZhn-I{KŸØn¬- sshcp-[-y-ßfp-s≠∂p- h∂m¬- AXn∂ ¿-Y-w- k¿-hIm-ePv-Rm-\n-bm-b ssZhw- sshcp-[-y-ßƒ- ]d™psh∂m-Wt√m.- ssZhw- \ap-°v- s]m-dp-Øp-Xcs´! C{km-bo-en-s≥d P\kw-Jy-sbSp-°m≥- Zm-ho-Zn-s\ t{]cn-∏n-®Xv- I¿-Øm-hm-sW∂v2 im-ap-th¬- 24-:1 Dw- km-Øm-\m-sW∂v- 1 Zn-\hrØm-¥w- 21:1 Dw]dbp-∂p.- Alkym-hn-s≥-d cm-Phm-gv-N Xp-Sßn-bt∏mƒ- Abmƒ°v- Ccp-]Øn-c≠v- hb m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- c≠v- cm-Pm-°∑m¿- 8:26 Dw- \m¬]Øn-c≠v- hb m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- 2 Zn-\hrØm-¥w- 22:2 ]dbp-∂p.- iu-en-s≥-d aIfm-b ao-Jfn-∂p- a°sfm-∂p-ap-≠m-bncp∂n-s√∂v- 2 im-ap-th¬- 6:23 ]dbp-tºmƒ- AtX ]p-kv-XIØn¬Xs∂ 21:8 ]dbp-∂Xv- ao-Jfn-∂v- A©p- ]p-{X∑m-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂psh∂m-Wv.- btlm-bm-Jo-\n-s≥-d hm-gv-N Xp-Sßn-bXv- ]Xn-s\´mwhb n-em-sW∂pw- Ah≥- bdq-itean¬- aq-∂p- am-kam-Wv- hmWsX∂pw- c≠v- cm-Pm-°∑m¿- 24:8 ]dbp-tºmƒ,- At±lw- hmgvN Xp-Sßn-bXv- F´mwhb n-em-sW∂pw- aq-∂p- am-khpw- ]ØvZnhkhp-w- bcq-itean¬- hm-Wp-sh∂p-am-Wv- 2 Zn-\hrØm-¥w- 36:9 ]dbp-∂Xv.]p-Xn-b \n-baØn-s≥d- Ahkv-Ybpw- hy-Xy-kv-Xa√.- aØm-bn bpw- eq-t°m-kpw- \¬-Ip-∂ tbip-hn-s≥-d hw-im-hen-Xs∂ aXnCXn-∂p- sXfn-hm-bn-´v.-- aØm-bn-bp-sS kp-hn-tij {]Im-cw- Zm-hoZpap-X¬- tbip-hn-s≥-d ]n-Xm-hm-b (?-) tbm-tk^v- hsc Ccp-]Øntb gv- t]cm-Wp-≈sX¶n¬- eq-t°m-kv- {]Im-cw- CXv- \m¬-]-Øn-c≠p4. 2 im-ap-th¬- 11: 2˛27 5. cm-Pm-°∑m-¿- 11: 1˛11

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

t]cm-Wv-.- Zm-ho-Zn-s≥-d ]p-{X\m-b ietam-s≥-d ]n-Xr]cºcbnembn-cp-∂p- {In-kv-Xp-hn-s≥-d P\\sa∂p- kv-Ym-]n-°m-\m-bn- aØmbn{ian-°p-tºmƒ-,- Zm-ho-Zn-s≥d ]p-{X\m-b \m-Ym-\n-em-Wv- {In-kvX - phns≥-d {]]n-Xm-als\ eq-t°m-kv- Z¿-in-°p-∂Xv.- aØm-bn-bn≥-- {]Im cw- tbip- ]n-Xm-hm-b tbm-tk^n-s≥-d ]n-Xm-hn-s≥d- t]cv- bmt°m_m-sW¶n¬- eq-t°m-kn≥- {]Im-cw- AXv- tlen-bm-Wv.- sshcp[yßfp-sS then-tb‰w- Xs∂ {]Xy-£s∏Sp-∂Xv Im-Wp-tºmƒ- \njv]£\m-b Hcp- kXym-t\z-jn- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- BXv-aKXw- \SØpw: "C√ CXn-∂p- ssZhn-I{KŸam-Im-\p-≈ A¿-lXbn-√'- F∂v.C\n- ]cn-tim-[n-°m-\p-≈Xv- ln-µp-aX{KŸßfm-Wv.- sslµh {KŸßfp-sS ]cn-tim-[\°v- skan-‰n-Iv- aX{KŸßfp-sS ]cntim[\°p-]tbm-Kn-°p-∂ k-t¶X-ßƒ- D]tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv- Xn-I®pwA¿-Y-cln-Xam-Wv-.- `m-cXo-b km-lNcy-Øn¬- Xs∂ Ah hne bn-cp-Øs∏SWw.- c≠p- hn-[am-Wv- ln-µp-aX{KŸßƒ-.- {ip-Xnbpw,kva - rXn-bpw.- thZkw-ln-XIƒ,- D]\n-jØp-Iƒ,- {_m-lva - Wßƒ,BcWy-Ißƒ- F∂n-bhm-Wv- {ip-Xn-Iƒ.- CXn-lm-kßfpw- ]pcmWßfpw- kv-arXn-{KŸßfp-sa√mw- Xs∂ kv-arXn-Ifp-sS Iq´ Øn¬- s]Sp-∂p.- {ip-Xn-Ifm-Wv-,- ASn-kv-Ym-\{]am-Wßƒ.-- ssZh Øn-¬- \n-∂pw- {ihn-®Xv- F∂m-Wv- {ip-Xn- i_vZ- Øn-s≥-d kmt¶XnIam-b A¿-Y-w.- ssZhn-I{KŸßsf∂ \n-ebn¬- {ip-Xn-Iƒ- ]cn KWn-°s∏Sp-tºmƒ- kv-arXn-Isf Ejnt{]m-Iv-X hN\ßfm-bnam-{Xam-Wv- kzo-Icn-°s∏Sp-∂Xv.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ssZhnI {KŸßsf°p-dn-® ]cn-tim-[\bn¬- ]cn-KWn-°s∏tS≠Xv- {ipXn-Iƒ- am-{XamWv.{ip-Xn-Isf°p-dn-®p- Xs∂ ln-µp-aX]fin-X∑m¿-°n-Sbn¬- X¿ °ap-≠v.- Bcy-kam-PkvY - m-]I\m-b kzm-an-Zbm-\µkckz-Xn-bpsS A`n-{]m-bØn¬- thZkw-lnXam-{Xam-Wv- ssZht{]m-Iv-Xam-bn-´p≈Xv.- D]\n-jØp-Ifp-sSbpw- {_m-lva - Wßfp-sSbp-sa√mw- {]mamWn-IX kw-ibn-°s∏tS≠Xp-≠.v - F∂m¬- Nn-∑bm-an-j≥- kvYm] I\m-b Nn≥-abm-\µ kzm-an-Ifp-sS ho-£W{]Im-cw- D]\n-jØpIfm-Wv- ssZhn-Iam-bn-´p-≈Xvv.- aebm-fØn¬- D]\n-jZv- hym-Jym\ Øn-\v- {]kn-≤\m-b kp-Ip-am¿- Agot°m-Sn-s≥d Bib {]Imcw{_m-lvaWßsf thZkw-ln-XIfpsStbm- D]\n-jØp-Ifp-

thZ{KŸßfn-eq-sS

sStbm- KWØn¬-s∏Sp-Øm≥- Xs∂ {]bm-kam-Wv.- ssZhnI{K Ÿat\z-jn-®p- sN√p-∂ kXym-t\z-jn-°v- ap-∂n¬- sFIIWvt- Ty\ ka¿-∏n-°m≥- Hcp- {KŸhp-an-√ ln-µp-°fp-sS ssIhisa∂¿Yw.thZßtfm- D]\n-jØp-Itfm- Bcm-sWgp-Xn-bsX∂Xn-s\°p dn-®v- hy-Iv-Xam-sbm-cp- Nn-{Xw- Ah \¬-Ip-∂n-√.- Htcm- a{¥ßfpwcNn-® Ejn-am-sc°p-dn-®v- Chbn-ep-≈ hn-hcWßfn¬- \n-∂vChbp-sS cN\°v- ]n-∂n¬- a\p-jy-Icßfm-Wv- {]h¿-Øn-®sX∂vhy-Iv-Xam-bpw- a\ n-em-°m-\m-hpw.thZßfm-Wv- {ip-Xn-Ifn¬- G‰hpw- {][m-\w.- AXn-s\°p-dn-®vXs∂ sX‰p-]‰m≥- ]m-Sn-√m-ØXv- F∂p- ]dbm≥- ]‰n-s√∂m-Wv{]ap-J sslµh]WvU - n-X∑mcp-sSsb√mw- A`n-{]m-bw.- "thZßƒsX‰p- ]‰m-ØtXm- k¿-hXpw- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂tXm- A√'-1 F∂mWv{]K¬-`\m-b tUm.- cm-[m-Irjv-W≥- Fgp-Xp-∂Xv.- sX‰p-]‰m≥km-[y-Xbp-≈ {KŸßsfßs\bm-Wv- Hcp- sX‰p- ]‰m-Ø ssZh Øn-t≥-dXm-hp-I?thZßfp-sSbpw- D]\n-jØp-Ifp-sSbpw- {_m-lv-aWßfp sSbpw- BcWy-Ißfp-sSbpsa√mw- D≈S°w- ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂h¿ °v- Ahsbmcn-°epw- Xs∂ ssZhn-I{KŸßfmIm-\p-≈ km[yXbn-s√∂v- t_m-[y-s∏Spw.- kn-‘p-\Zo-XSØnte°p-≈ Bcym Ka\hpw- Ah¿-°\p-`hn-t°≠n- h∂ {]bm-kßfpw- Ahcp-sS {]m-IrXPo-hn-Xco-Xn-Ifpw- hn-izm-kßfp-sa√mw- Xs∂ Cu{KŸßfn¬- \n-gen-®p- Im-Wm-sa∂√m-sX ssZhn-It_m-[\Øns≥-d km-∂n-[-yw- t]m-epw- ]e {KŸßfn-epw- \ap-°v- Im-Wm≥Ign-bn-√.- Xn-I®pw-- {]m-IrXam-b {]IrXn-]q-Pbm-Wv- thZßƒap∂n-te°p- sh°p-∂ Bcm-[\m-k{ºZm-bw.- bm-Kßfpw- bPvR ßfp-am-Wv- Bcm-[\m-co-Xn-Iƒ.- B[p-\n-I a\p-jy-\v- Ad∏ptXm∂n-°p-∂ ]e BNm-cßfpw- Cu- bm-Kßƒ-°pw- bPv-Rßƒ°p-an-Sbn¬- sNøm-\m-bn- I¬-]-n-°s∏´n-´p-≠v.kw- k v - I rXam- b Hcp- kaq- lØn- s ≥- d krjv - S n- ° p- t h≠nD]tbm-Kn-°s∏Sm≥- A¿-la√ Cu- {KŸßsfm-∂pw- Xs∂.bmKthfbn-epw- bPv-RØn-s≥-d Ahkcßfn-epw- \S°p-∂ 1. Dr. Radha Krishnan: Indian Religions Page 22

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

A«o-e kw-km-cßƒ- ]®bm-bn- tcJs∏Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v,-- Ahbn¬.]p-cp-js≥-dbpw- kv{- Xo-bp-sSbpw- Ahbhßfp-sS h¿-W\ \ap°vD≤cn-°m≥- ssha\ky-ap-≠m-°p-∂{X tæOam-Wv.- ap-´\m-Sn-t\m Spw- Im-ftbm-Sp-sa√map-≈ ssew-Kn-I _‘ßƒ- ]e AkpJß ƒ-°p-ap-≈ {]Xn-hn-[n-bm-bn- \n¿-tZin-°p-∂ thZßfn-epw- AtXm Sp- _\v-[s∏´ {KŸßfn-epw- \n-∂p-sIm-≠v- kw-kv-Im-cNn-Øcmb Hcp- P\hn-`m-KØn-s≥d-- Db¿-®°v- th≠n- {ian-°p-∂Xv- F¥pam-{Xw- hy¿-Y-am-Wv?- ]ckv-]chn-cp-≤hpw- hn-Nn-{Xhp-am-b Ip-sd t«m-Ißƒ- thZßfn-epw- D]\n-jØp-Ifn-epsa√mw- \ap-°vImWm≥- Ign-bpw.1Chsbm-∂pw- Xs∂ ssZhn-I{KŸam-Im≥- sIm-≈p-Ibn-s√∂v\mw- a\ n-em-°p-∂p.- a\p-jy¿-°n-Sbn¬- hn-[n- I¬-]n-°p-hm≥Hcp- thZ{KŸØn-\p-th≠n- \Ωsf√mw- tIgp-∂p.- ssZhn-I {KŸ sa∂ ]p-dw-N´bWn-™ {KŸßsf√mw- \ap-°v- \n-cm-i am-{Xam Wv- kΩm-\n-°p-∂Xv.- \Ωp-sS a\ p-Iƒ- a{¥n-°p-∂p.- ssZhn-I {KŸw- ssZhØn-¶¬- \n-∂v- AhXcn-°s∏´Xm-sW∂v- Dd∏p-≠mhWw.- AXn¬- sX‰p-Ifp-≠m-hm≥- ]m-Sn-√.- AXn¬- Xn-cp-ØepIƒhcp-Øs∏Sm-sX a\p-jy-s≥-d Ahkm-\w- hsc \n-e\n¬-°Ww.AXn¬- sshcp[-y-ßfp-≠m-hm≥- ]m-Sn-√.- am-\hcm-in-sb k∑m¿KØn-te°v- \bn-°m≥- B {KŸØn-\v- Ign-bWw.Aßs\sbm-cp- {KŸap-t≠m,- Cu- tem-IØv?˛\ap-°t\z-jn-°mw-˛

1. hn-iZam-b ]T\Øn-\v- Cu- teJIs≥-d "sslµhX; [¿-a-hpw- Z¿-i\hpw'F∂ ]pkv-XIw- hm-bn-°p-I.-

A-©-v Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸwBZyw- Bń-Sb\pw- ]n-s∂ I®hS°m-c\p-am-bn-cp-∂ Hcp- a\p jy≥.- Abmƒ- Fgp-Øpw- hm-b\bpw- A`y-kn-®n-ń-√.- \m¬-]Xphb p-hsc bm-sXm-cp- km-ln-Xym-`n-cp-Nn-bpw- At±lw- {]ISn-∏n®n-ń-√.- At±lw- \m¬-]Xv- hb m-bt∏mƒ- kp-µcam-b hN\ßƒD®cn-®n-cp-∂p.- KZy-hpw- ]Zy-hp-a√m-Ø ssien-bn¬- Bscbpwhnkv-abn-∏n-°p-∂ ktµißƒ- sam-gn-bp-∂p.- AXp-hsc \nba {KŸßƒ- I≠n-ń-√m-Ø At±lØn-s≥-d sam-gn-Ifn¬- AXpeyam-b \n-ba\n¿-tZ-ißfp-≠v.- thZw- ]Tn-®n-ń-√m-Ø At±lØns‚hm-°p-Ifn¬- ap≥-Im-eNcn-{Xßfp-≠v.- \Ωsf¥p- a\ n-em° Ww?- Cu- {KŸw- At±lØn-s≥-d krjv-Sn-bmsWt∂m-?- AX√,km-ln-Xy-hpw- im-kv-{Xhpw- \n-bahpw- Ncn-{Xhp-sa√mw- Adn-bp∂ a‰m-tcm- ]d™p-sIm-Sp-ØXm-sWt∂m?- {KŸhp-am-bn- \Ωp-sS ap-∂n¬- {]Xy-£s∏´ hy-Iv-Xn- ]dbp-∂p: "CXv- Rm-≥- cNn-®X√,F√m-hn-[ hn-Pv-Rm-\o-bßfn-epw- AKm-[am-b Pv-Rm-\ap-≈ Hcpalm-s\\n-°v- X∂Xm-Wv.-'- Cu- hm-°p-Iƒ- \ap-°v- hn-iz-kn-®p-Iq sS?- hn-tijn-®pw- B a\p-jy-≥- CXp-hsc Ifhp- ]d™Xm-bnBcpw- tIń-ń-s√∂ hkvX - p-X Iq-Sn-sh®p-t\m-°p-tºmƒ-.- Xo¿®bmbpw-- \ap-°t±lØns≥-d hm-°p-Iƒ- hn-iz-kn-°mw'- F∂v- \ΩpsSsb√mw- A¥cw-Kw- a{¥n-°p-∂p.C\n- \ap-°v- tNm-Zn-°mw: GXm-Wo- {KŸw?- Bcm-Wv- AXvtem-IØn-\v- ap-∂n¬- AhXcn-∏n-®Xv.?- - AXv- Bcp-sSXm-sW∂mWv-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

At±lw- ]d™Xv?B {KŸw- Jp¿-B\m-Ip-∂p.- ap-lΩZv- \_n- (k)bm-Wv- AXvtem-IØn-\v- ap-ºn¬- Hm-Xn-t°ƒ-∏n-®Xv.- AXv- AhXcn-∏n-®Xvk¿h-iIv-X\m-b k¿-h-tem-I {kjv-Sm-hm-Ip-∂p.C∂v- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ thZ{KŸßfn¬- Jp-¿-B≥- am-{Xam-Wvkz-bw- ssZhn-Iam-sW∂v- AhIm-is∏Sp-∂ {KŸsa∂p-≈XmWvhkv-Xp-X.- Jp¿-B≥- AXn-s\ kz-bw- ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv- t\m °p-I: ""CXv- tem-Ic£n-Xm-hv- AhXcn-∏n-®Xm-Wv.- \n-ivN - bw- hnizkvX - \m-b ae°v- AXv- \n-s≥-d lrZbØn¬- AhXcn-∏n-®p.- temI ¿-°v- \o- ap-∂dn-bn-∏v- \¬-Im≥- th≠n-; kp-hy-Iv-Xam-b Ad_n`m-jbn¬''-1 \n-iv-NbZm¿-Vy-tØm-sSbp-≈ Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d {]Jym ]\w- Cßs\bm-Wv: ""CXm-Wv- {KŸw.- CXn¬- kw-ibtabn-√.kq-£v-aX ]m-en-°p-∂h¿-°v- t\¿-hgn- Im-Wn-°p-∂Xs{X AXv''2.AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ cq-]Øn¬- Xs∂ C∂pw- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ GI thZ{KŸw- Jp¿-B\m-Wv.-{]hm-NIs≥-d Po-hn-XIm-eØpXs∂ A[-ym-bßfpw- hN\ßfpsa√mw- C∂p- \n-ehn-ep-≈ coXnbn¬- ]m-cm-bWw- sNbvX - p-sIm-≠v- hn-ip-≤{KŸØn-s≥-d t{ImUoIcWhpw- Iq-Sn- tem-IsØ Adn-bn-®p.- Xp-I¬,- I√v,- F√v- XpSßnb hkv-Xp-°fn-t∑¬- {]hm-NIs≥d Im-eØv- Xs∂ Jp¿-B≥]q¿-Wam-bn- Fgp-Xn-sh®n-cp-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- c≠p- N´°p-≈n¬- Ah ASp-°n- sh®v- t{Im-Uo-Icn-°s∏´Xv- H∂mw- Jeo-^ A_q-_°dn (d)s≥- Im-eØm-bn-cp-∂p.- aq-∂mw- Jeo-^ Dkv-am≥-(d) AXn-s≥d tIm-∏n-IsfSp-Øv- Ckv-em-an-I cm-jv-{SØn-s≥-d {]hn-iym-XekvYm-\ßfn-tes°√mw- FØn-®p-sImSp-Øp.- CXn-s≥-d {]Xn-IƒC∂pw- e`y-am-Wv.- C∂v- tem-IØp-S\o-fw- ]m-cm-bWw- sNøs∏Sp∂ tIm-Sn-°W°n-\v- Jp¿-B≥- tIm-∏n-Iƒ-°v- Cu- ]Xn-∏p-Ifpam-bn- Hc£cØn-\p-t]m-epw- hy-Xym-kan-s√∂Xm-Wv- hkv-Xp-X.AXv- AXn-s≥-d Hdn-Pn\¬- cq-]Øn¬- Xs∂ tem-Im-hkm-\whsc \n- e \n¬- ° pw,- Xo¿- ® .- Aßs\ \n- e \n¿- Ø psa∂Xv ssZhØn-s≥-d hm-KvZ- Øam-Wv.- k¿-hiIvX - ≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m°pI: ""Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \m-am-Wv- B D¬-t_m-[\w- AhXcn-∏n-®Xv.1. Jp¿-B≥- 26: 192˛195 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 2

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \mw Xs∂ AXn-s\ Im-Øp-kq-£n-°∂Xp-am-Wv.''1 ap-ºp-≈ thZ{KŸßsf ap-gp-h≥- icn-sh®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- Jp¿B\n-s≥-d AhXcWw.- Cu- icn-sh°¬ Ahbp-sS C∂sØ cq-]Øn-\p-≈ Aw-Ko-Im-ca√.- thZ{KŸßsf∂ t]cn¬- {]Xy£s∏Sp-∂ ]p-kvX - Ißƒ- F{XtØm-fw- {]m-am-Wn-Ißfm-sW∂v\mw- a\ n-em-°n.- ssZhØn-¶¬- \n-∂v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ cq] Øn-ep-≈ thZ{KŸßsfbm-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- Aw-Ko-Icn-°p-∂Xv.tam-si°v- \¬-Is∏´ Xu-dm-Øv,- Zm-ho-Zn-\v- \¬-Is∏´ k_q¿,tbip-hn-\v- \¬-Is∏´ C©o¬- Xp-Sßn-b {KŸßƒ- CXn-epƒs∏Sp-∂p.- C∂p- Im-Wp-∂ thZßfn¬- Chbn-se D≤cWn--Iƒam-{Xam-Wv- Im-Wp-∂Xv.- AhXs∂ F{XtØm-fw- hn-iz-k\o-bamsW∂ Im-cy-Øn¬- `n-∂m-`n-{]m-bßfp-≠p-Xm-\pw-.- Jp¿-B\ns\bpw- AXp- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂ {]hm-NIs\bpw- Ip-dn-®v- thZßfn¬hy-Iv-Xam-bpw- ]cm-a¿-in-°s∏´n-cp-∂p.- Ahbn¬- ]eXpw- \o-°wsNøs∏´p-sh¶n-epw- ssZhm-\p-{KlØm¬- Nn-esX¶n-ep-w- C∂v_m-°n-bp-≠v.- {KŸw- \¬-Is∏´h¿-°v- Jp¿-B≥- ssZhn-I{KŸamsW∂ bmYm¿-∞yw- Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-∂p.- "\mw- thZ{KŸw- \¬In-bn-´p-≈h¿- Xßfp-sS a°sf Adn-bp-∂Xp-t]m-se At±lsØ Adn-bp-∂Xm-Wv.- \n-iv-Nbam-bpw- Ahcn¬- Hcp- hn-`m-Kw- Ahcdn™p-sIm-≠v- Xs∂ bYm¿-Yy-w- Hfn-®p-sh°p-∂p'-2 F∂m-Wv- Jp¿B≥- Xs∂ km-£y-w- hln-°p-∂Xv.- blq-Zcn-epw- ss{Ikv-Xhcn epw- s]´ ]e ]Wv-Un-X∑m-cpw- {]hm-NIs≥-d Im-eØp-Xs∂ Jp¿-B\n-s\ Xn-cn-®dn-bp-Ibpw-,- AXn-epw- AXp-sIm-≠p-h∂ {]hmNI\n-epw- hn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp-sh∂Xn-∂v- Ncn-{Xw- km£n bm-Wv.- Aßs\bp-≈hsc°p-dn-®v- Jp¿-B≥- Xs∂ ]cn-Nbs∏SpØp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "ssZhZq-X∂v- AhXcn-]n-°s∏´Xv- Ah¿({In-kv-Xym-\n-Iƒ-) {ihn-®m¬- kXyw- a\ n-em-°n-bXn-s≥dt]cn¬- Ahcp-sS \b\ßfn¬- \n-∂v- IÆp-\o-scm-gp-Ip-∂Xm-bn\n-\°p- Im-Wmw.- Ah¿- ]dbpw-: \m-Ym-,- Rßfn-Xm- hn-iz-kn-®ncn-°p-∂p.- AXn-\m¬- kXy-km-£n-Itfm-sSm-∏w- Rßsfbpw- \otcJs∏Sp-tØWtam''-3 1. Jp¿-B≥- 15: 9 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 146 3. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 83

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d D≈S°w- ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I.- AXn-ep-≈ [m¿anI\n-baßƒ- km¿-h-eu-In-Ißfm-Wv.- Ah GsXm-cp- kaq-lØn epw- {]tbmKn-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv.- AXv- hn-`m-h\w- sNøp-∂ km-∑m¿KnI kw-hn-[m-\am-Is´,- In-Sb‰Xm-Wv.- alØm-sbm-cp- km-aq-ln-I hn-πhØn-\p-th≠n- {ian-°p-∂ Jp¿-B≥-,- ]q¿-h-n-I Ncn-{Xßƒap-gp-h≥- D≤cn-°p-∂Xv- Cu- hn-πhØn-\p-≈ am-XrIbm-bn-s°m≠m-Wv.- {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS {]t_m-[\{]h¿-Ø\ßsfbpw- Ah¿krjv-Sn-® km-aq-ln-Iam-‰sØbpw- Ip-dn-®p- {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂ Jp¿B≥,- B alm-Xv-am-°sf°p-dn-® kw-ip-≤am-sbm-cp- Nn-{Xam-Wv\ap-°v- ap-∂n-ehXcn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.- Jp¿-B≥- hc®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂ temØn-s≥-d Nn-{Xw- ssew-Kn-I kZm-Nm-cØn-s≥-d {]t_m-[Is≥dXm-Wv.- tkm-fas\ Jp¿-B≥- ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv,- GIssZhmcm-[\bp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬- k\v-[n-sNøm-Ø {]hm-NI\m-bn-´m-Wv.Jp¿-B≥- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv- k¬-kz-`m-hn-bpw- kXy-k\v-[\p-am-b Zm-ho-Zn-s\°p-dn-®m-Wv.- Jp¿-B≥- {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂ {]hm-NI∑msc√mw- am-\hcm-in-°v- BIam-\w- am-XrIbm-Im≥- tbm-Ky-cm-Wv.kp-Zo¿-Lam-b Ccp-]Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-jßƒ-°n-Sbn¬- hn-`n∂ ßfm-b ]cn-Xx-kv-Yn-Xn-Ifn-em-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- AhXcn-°s∏´p-sIm≠n-cp-∂Xv.- ]t£,- AXn¬- `n-∂Xtbm- sshcp-[-y-ßtfm- ImW s∏Sp-∂n-√.- Htc ]cn-Xx-kvY - n-Xn-bn¬- Ccp-s∂gp-Xp-∂ a\p-jy-IrXnIfn¬- Xs∂ sshcp-[-y-ßfp-≠m-hp-I km-[m-cWam-Wt√m.- Jp¿B\n- e m- I s´,- {]Xn- ] m- Z y- hn- j bßƒ- hfsc hn- ] p- e hpw_rlØp-am-Wv.- cm-j{v- So-b \n-baßƒ,- Ip-Spw-_Im-cy-ßƒ,- ssZhnIGIXz-sØ°p-dn-® {]Xn-]m-Z\w,- ]ctem-I Po-hn-XØn-se kw` hßƒ-,- Ncn-{X]mTßƒ-,- {]m-]©n-I {]Xn-`m-kßsf°p-dn-® hnh cWßƒ- Xp-Sßn- \n-ch[n- Im-cy-ßƒ- AXn¬- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂p.Chsb√mw- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏Sp-∂tXm,- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-b ]cn-Xkv YnXn-Ifn-epw- Ahkcßfn-epw- sh®v.- F∂n-´pw- Ahbn¬- Hscm‰ sshcp-[-yw- t]m-epw- Im-Ws∏Sp-∂n-s√∂Xv- Xs∂ Jp¿-B≥ssZhn-I{KŸam-sW∂Xn-∂p-≈ aXn-bm-b sXfn-hm-Wv.- k¿-thm∂X\m-b ssZhw- ]dbp-∂p: ""Ah¿- Jp¿-B\n-s\°p-dn-®v- Nn-¥n°p-∂n-t√?- AXv- A√m-lph√m-Ø h√hcp-sSbpw- ]°¬- \n-∂p≈Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬- AhcXn¬- [m-cm-fw- sshcp-[-y-ßƒ-

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

Is≠Øp-am-bn-cp-∂p''-.1 Hcp- thZ{KŸØn-s≥-d F√m-hn-[ Kp-Wßfpw- H∂n-®p- tN¿∂n´p-≈ Jp-¿-B≥- {]m-tbmKn-Iam-tWm- F∂m-Wv- C\n- \ap-°v- Nn¥n°p-hm-\p-≈Xv.- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d AhXcWØn-\v- ap-ºpw-]n-ºp-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂ Atd_y≥- kaq-lsØ°p-dn-®v- ]Tn-®m¬- Xs∂ Jp¿B≥- F{XtØm-fw- {]m-tbm-Kn-Iam-sWW∂pw- AXp- krjv-Sn-® hn-πhw- F{XtØm-fw- alØcam-sW∂pw- \ap-°v- a\ n-em-hpw.cmjv{- So-bhpw- ssk\n-Ihp-am-bn- Akw-LSn-Xcm-bn-cp-∂,- \n-bXam b Irjn-ku-Icy-ßsfm-∂p-an-√m-ØXn-\m¬- Im¿-jn-Iam-bn]nt∂m-°w- \n-∂n-cp-∂,- hn-Zym-`ym-kcw-KØv- h´∏q-Pyw- am-{Xambn-cp-∂,- Nn-In¬-kmcw-KØv- H∂p-a√m-bn-cp-∂,- A‘hn-izm-kßƒkrjv-Sn-® A[aXzw- t]dn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂,- aZy-Øn-epw- aZn-cm-£nbn-epw- abßn-°n-S∂n-cp-∂,- tKm-{Xaln-abp-sS t]cn¬- tNmc °fßƒ- Xs∂ ]S°m≥- Xbdm-bn-cp-∂ Hcp- kaq-lw.- CXm-WvJp¿-B\n-\v- ap-ºp-≈ Atd_y-bp-sS Nn-{Xw.- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d AhXcWØn-\v- tijap-≈ Atd_y-bp-sS Nn{Xw,- CXn-¬- \n∂pwhfsc hy-Xy-kv-Xam-Wv-.- kw-kv-Imc-ßsf sh√p-∂ Hcp- ]p-Xn-b kw-kI v- m-cØn-s≥d- hm-lIscbm-Wv- \ap-°hn-sS Im-Wm≥- Ignbp∂Xv.- im-kv{- Xkm-t¶Xn-Icw-Kßfn¬- A∂sØ AXn-Im-b∑mcm b {Ko-°p-Im-tc°mƒ- B cw-KØv- Db¿-∂p-\n¬-°m\h¿-°v- Ign™p.- AeIvk - m-≠dn-btb°mƒ- hen-b kmwkvI - m-cn-ItI{µambnAtd_y-sb am-‰n-sbSp-°m-\h¿-°v- km-[n-®p.- \q-‰m-≠p-Ifp-sS cmjv-{So-b\m-bIXz-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂ tdm-an-s\bpw- t]¿-jy-sbbpwAh¿- hn-d∏n-®p.- tKm-{XIelßfn¬- XΩn¬- X√n-ØI¿-∂n-cp∂ Ah¿- sFIy-Øn-s≥-d ]Xm-Ihm-lIcm-bnam-dn.- [¿-a-hpwA[¿-a-hp-sa¥msW∂dn-bm-Xn-cp-∂ Ah¿- [m-¿-an-IXXz-ßfp-sS {]Nm-cIcm-bnam-dn.- CXm-bn-cp-∂p- Jp¿-B≥- krjv-Sn-® alØmb hn-πhw.- kmw-kv-Im-cn-Icw-KØv- h´∏q-Py-am-bn-cp-∂ Hcp- P\ Xsb- shdpw- Ccp-]Øn-aq-∂v- h¿-jßƒ- sIm-≠v- kw-kv-Im-cØns≥-d ]ctam-∂Xio¿-jØn-seØn-°m≥- Ign-™ Jp¿-B\n-\vXp-ey-am-bntem-IsØ ]cn-h¿-Øn-∏n-°m≥- km-[n-® as‰m-cp{KŸw- am-\hNcn-{XØn-sehn-sSsb¶n-epap-≠m-bn-´p-t≠m?- C√ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 832

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

F∂m-Wp-Øcw.- F¶n¬- Jp¿-B\n-s\°mƒ- {]m-tbmKn-Iam-b at‰Xv- thZ{KŸam-Wp-≈Xv?Jp-¿-B≥- ssZhn-I{KŸam-sW∂v- kz-bw- {]Jym-]n-°p-∂p.AXv- \¬-Ip-∂ [m-¿-a-n-IkZm-Nm-c \n-baßƒ-°p- Xp-ey-am-b \nb aßƒ- at‰Xp- {KŸØn-ep-an-√.- AXp- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂ Ncn-{Xw- If¶c ln-Xhpw- kXy-k\v-[hp-am-Wv.- AXn¬- bm-sXm-cp- sshcp-[-y-ßfpan-√.- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ co-Xn-bn¬- C∂pw- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ GIth Z{KŸhpw- AsXm-∂v- am-{Xam-Wv.- AXv- tem-IØn-\p- ap-ºn¬- sIm ≠p-h∂ hy-Iv-Xn- Hcn-°se¶n-epw- Ifhp- ]d™n-´n-√.- AXv- krjv Sn-® hn-πhhpw- AXp-ey-am-Wv.- F¶n¬- F¥p-sIm-≠v- Jp¿-B≥ssZhn-I{KŸam-bn- Aw-Ko-Icn-®p-Iq-Sm?- ssZhn-I{KŸØn-\p-≠mbn-cn-°Wsa∂v- \Ωp-sS a\ v- a{¥n-°p-∂ F√m- khn-tijkz`m-hßfp-ap-≈ Hscm-‰ {KŸw- am-{Xsa \ap-°v- ap-∂n¬- {]Xy£ s∏Sp-∂p-≈q˛Jp¿-B≥-.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \ap-°w-Ko-Icn-°mw,- AsXm cp- ssZhn-I {KŸam-sW∂v.Jp¿-B≥,- ap-ºp-≈ ssZhn-I{KŸßsft∏m-se tIhesamcpthZ{KŸw- am{Xa√.- AXv- A¥n-a{]hm-NI\p-≈ Aam-\p-jnI ZrjvS- m-¥w- Iq-Sn-bm-W.v- - aq-km\_n-°v- ]m-ºm-Ip-∂ hSn-bpw- Ckm\ _n-°v- acn-®hsc Po-hn-∏n-°p-I F∂ Zrjv-Sm-¥hpw- \¬-In-bt]mse Xm≥- {]hm-NI\m-sW∂Xn-\p-≈ sXfn-hm-bn- ap-lΩZv- \_n °v- \¬-Is∏´ Hcp- Aam-\p-jn-I ZrjvS- m-¥w Iq-Sn-bm-Wv- Jp¿B≥.aq-km-(A)bp-sS- k¿-∏am-Ip-∂ hSn-bpw- tbip-(A)hn-s≥-d acn® hsc Po-hn-∏n-°ep-sa√mw- Ahcp-sS hn-tbm-KtØm-sS Ahkm\n® Zrjv-Sm-¥ßfm-bn-cp-∂p.- F∂m¬ A¥n-a {]hm-NIs≥-d Aam \p-jn-I ZrjvS- m-¥am-Is´,- AXv- Ahkm-\sØ a\p-jy≥- hscbp ≈h¿-°v- ap-gp-h\pw- Hcp- alm¬-`p-Xam-bn- \n-e\n¬-°p-Ibm-Wv.a‰p- ]p-kv-XIßfn¬- \n-∂pw- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-bn- F¥v- {]tXyI Xbm-Wv- Jp¿-B∂n-∂p-≈Xv?- AXv- A¤p-Xam-sW∂v- ]dbm-\p≈ Im-cWsa¥m-Wv?Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d AhXcWw- Ign-™n-´v- ]Xn-\m-ep- iXm-_v-Zß fm-bn.- Ad_n-km-ln-Xy-Øn-se AXn-Im-b∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂ Bfp-Iƒ°n-Sbn-em-Wv- AXv- AhXcn-°s∏´Xv.- Xßfp-sS km-ln-Xy-]cam b Ign-hp-Ifp-sS \n-kv-Xp-eXbn¬- A`n-am-\n-®n-cp-∂hcm-bn-cp-∂p-

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

A∂sØ Ad_n-Iƒ.- Ihn-Ifn¬- ]ecpw- Ckv-em-ans≥-d i{Xp]£Øm-bn-cp-∂p.- Jp¿-B≥- am-cW°m-cs≥-d am-bm-hN\ßfmsW∂v- hn-[n-sbgp-Xn-bhcm-bn-cp-∂p-,- Ah¿.- Ahtcm-Sv- Jp¿-B≥Hcp- sh√p-hn-fn- \SØn.- ssZhn-I {KŸam-sW∂ Im-cy-Øn¬B¿-s°¶n-epw- kw-ibap-s≠¶n¬- AXp-t]m-sem-cp- {KŸw- sIm≠p-hcWsa∂m-bn-cp-∂p- sh√p-hn-fn.- B sh√p-hn-fn-°v- DØcw\¬-Im≥-,- Atd_y≥- km-ln-Xy-Ødhm-´n-se- B Im-cWh∑m¿°v- Ign-™n-√.- ]n-s∂bpw- Jp¿-B≥- sh√phn-fn-®p.- Jp¿-B\n-\pXp-ey-am-b as‰m-cp- {KŸw- sIm-≠p-htc≠Xn-√.- AXn-se A[ymbßfnteXn-s\¶n-epw- Xp-ey-am-b Hcp- A[-ym-bw- sIm-≠p-h∂m¬aXn.- Atd_y≥- km-ln-Xy-Øn-se A∂sØ AXn-Im-b∑m¿- apgph≥- {ian-®p.- ]t£,- Jp¿-B\n-s≥d hiy-am-b ssien-°pwkpµcam-b LS\°pw- ap-∂n¬- Ahcp-sS Bh\m-gn-bn-se Akv{Xßƒ- ap-gp-h≥- ]cm-Pbs∏´p.- Jp¿-B\n-se G‰hpw- sNdn-b kq-dØn¬-˛A[-ym-bØn¬- BsI aq-∂v- kq-Iv-Xßƒ- (BbØpIƒ-) am-{Xam-Wp-≈Xv.- Cu- A[-ym-bØn-\v- Xp-√y-am-sbm-c[-ym-bwt]m-epw- sIm-≠p-hcm≥- AXn-s≥-d hn-a¿-iI¿-°v- Ign-™n-´n-√.14 \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°p- ap-ºv- ap-g°n,- C∂pw- APøam-bn- {]Iº\w sIm-≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ B sh√p-hn-fn- Cßs\bm-Wv: "\ΩpsS Zm-k\v- \mw- AhXcn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-ØXn-s\ (Jp¿-B\n-s\)∏‰n\nßƒ- kw-ibm-ep-°fm-sW¶n¬- AXn-s≥-dXp-t]m-ep-≈ HcpA[-ym-bsa¶n-epw- \n-ßƒ- sIm-≠p-hcn-I.- A√m-lp-hn-\v- ]p-dsa \n-ßƒ-°p-≈ klm-bn-Isfbpw- hn-fn-®p-sIm-≈p-I! \n-ßƒ- kXyhm-∑m-cm-sW¶n¬-'-1.sh√p-hn-fn- {i≤n-°p-I! ssZhsam-gn-®p-≈ ap-gp-h≥- klm-bnIsfbpw- hn-fn-®p-sIm-≠p-h∂v- Iq-Sn-bmtem-N\ \SØn-bm¬ -t]m epw- Jp¿-B\n-se G‰hpw- sNdn-b Hc[ym-bØn-\p- Xp-ey-am-b Hcp- cN\t]m-epw- lm-Pdm-°m≥- B¿-°pw- Ign-bn-√.- Atd_y≥km-ln-Xy-Øn-se A∂sØ Xºp-cm-°∑m¿- ]m-Pbs∏´p.- C∂pwB sh√p-hn-fntem-IØn-\p- ap-∂n¬- kv-]jv-Sam-bn- \n-e\n¬-°p ∂p.- am-\hcm-in-bp-sS I¿-W-]p-Sßfn¬- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d sh√phn-fn- AebSn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- a‰p- thZ{KŸßfp-sS `mj 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2:23

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

sbt∏m-se Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d `m-j Hcp- \n¿-Po-h`m-jb√.- AXv- kPoham-sbm-cp- kw-km-c`m-jbm-Wv.- Ad_n- km-ln-Xy-Im-c∑m cn¬C∂pw- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d ITn-\hn-tcm-[n-Iƒ- Hcp-]m-Sp-≠v.- Ahcm cpw- Xs∂ Jp¿-B\n-s≥d Cu- sh√p-hn-fn-°v- DØcw- \¬-In-bn´n√.km-ln-Xyw- k-m¿-Y-Iam-Ip-∂Xv- t{im-Xm-hn-s≥-d a\ n-¬- AXvAtµm-f\ßƒ- krjv-Sn-°p-tºm-gm-Wv.- tIƒ-°p-∂hs≥-d _p-≤n °v- Xr]v-Xn-bpw- a\ n-\v- kam-[m-\hpw- e`y-am-hp-∂tXm-sSm-∏wAhs≥d lrZbØn¬- am-‰ßƒ- krjv-Sn-°p-Ibpw- Iq-Sn- sNøp∂Xm-Wv- bYm¿-Y- km-ln-Xyw.- Cu- A¿-Y-Øn¬- Jp¿-B≥- HcpIp-‰a‰ km-ln-Xy-IrXn-bm-Wv.- ]t£,- AsXm-cp- tIhe km-lnXykrjv-Sn-tbm- Ihn-Xm]p-kv-XItam- A√.- {]Xyp-X [m¿-a-n-I kn≤m¥ßfpw- k≥-am¿-tK-m-]tZißfp-am-WXn-s≥-d D≈S°w.- aXw-,[¿-a-w- ap-Xem-b "hc≠'-hn-jbßsfSp-Øp-sIm-≠v- cN\ \n-¿ hln-®v- `m-jm-km-ln-Xy-Øn-\v- D∂Xam-b kw-`m-h\Iƒ- \¬-In bh¿- Xo-sc hn-cfam-Wv.- F∂m¬- Jp¿B\m-Is´ CØcw- hn jbßsfSp-Øp-sIm-≠v- {]Xn-]m-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ AXn-s≥-d D∂Xam- b km- l n- X y- a q- e yw- \n- e \n¿- Ø p- ∂ psh∂Xm- W v AXv`pXw.Jp¿-B≥- F{XtØm-fw- a\p-jy-a\ p-Isf kzm-[o-\n-®n-cp-∂psh∂Xn-\p- Hcp- DZm-lcWw- t\m-°p-I.- \_n- (k) Hcn-°¬- IAv _bp-sS kao-]w- sh®v- Jp¿-B≥- Hm-Xp-Ibm-Wv.- t{im-Xm-°fn¬ap-kv-enw-Ifpw- Aap-kv-enw-Ifpsa√mw D≠v.- kq-dØp-∂Pv-an-se km jv-Smw-KØn-s≥d kq-Iv-Xw- Hm-Xn-s°m-≠n-cn-s° A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d I¬-]\ {]Im-cw- \_n- km-jv-Smw-Kw- (kp-Pq-Zv-) sNbv-Xp.- DaøØp_v-\p- Je^v- - F∂ Al¶m-cn- Hgn-sI,- _m-°n-sb√m-hcpw-˛ap-kvenw-Ifpw- Aap-kve - nw-Ifp-sa√mw-˛km-jvS- mw-Kw- \an-®p-t]m-bn.- AXm Wv- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d kzm-[o-\iIv-Xn.- ITn-\hn-tcm-[n-Iƒ- t]m-epwAXn-s≥-d I¬-]\ A\p-kcn-®v- Xe Ip-\n-°p-∂ Ahkv-Ybp≠m-hp-I! a\p-jy-a\ n-s\ kzm[o-\n-°m-\p-≈ Zn-hy-hN\ßfpsS Ign-hm-Wv- Chn-sS \mw- Z¿-in-°p-∂Xv.- {]hm-NIs\ h[n-°m\m-bn- h∂ Dadn-s\ Ckv-em-an-s≥-d A\p-bm-bn-bm-°n- am-‰n-bXvJp¿-B\n-s≥-d Cu- kzm-[o-\iIvX - n-b√m-sX as‰m-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n√.Pp-ss_dv-_v-\p- ap-Xv-Cw- F∂ Ahn-izm-kn- Hcn-°¬- hgn-bn-eq-sS

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

\S∂p-t]mhp-Ibm-Wv.- ssZhZq-X≥- aKv-cn-_v- \akv-Im-cØn¬ kqdØp-Xzq-¿- Hm-Xn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv- At±lw- tI´p.- AXn-se Hm-tcm- ]Zhpw- At±lØn-s≥-d lrZbØn¬- ]Xn-™p.- AXns‚at\m-lm-cn-X At±lsØ BI¿-jn-®p.- AXn-s≥d kzm-[o\ Øn¬-- At±lw- AXn-ibn-®p.- Ahn-sSsh®v- Xs∂ At±lwCkvemw- kzo-Icn-®p.Cßs\ F{Xsb{X kw-`hßƒ! Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d hiy-am-b ssien- Ckv-em-antes°Øn-® Ip-tdb[n-Iw- `m-Ky-hm-∑m-sc°pdn®v- Ncn-{Xw- \ap-°v- ]Tn-∏n-®p-Xcp-∂p-≠v.a°m- ap-iv-cn-°p-Iƒ- t]m-epw- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d hiyam-b ssiensb°p-dn-®v- t_m-[hm-∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- \m-Sp-hn-Sm-s\m-cp-ßn-b A_q_°dn-(d)s\ Xn-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-h∂ C_v-\p-Zv-Zp-Kv-\tbm-Sv- a°m-\nhm-kn-Iƒ- ]d™Xv- C{]Im-cam-bn-cp-∂p: "A_q-_°¿- Jp¿-B≥Dds° Hm-Xp-Ibw- Rßfp-sS kv-{Xo-Ifpw- Ip-´n-Ifpw- AXp-tIƒ°m≥- CShcp-Ibpw- sNøcp-Xv.- F¶n¬- am-{Xta Chn-sS Xm-akn°m≥- A_q-_°dn-s\ Rßƒ- A\p-hZn-°p-Ibp-≈q.-'- {]hmN Is≥-d Jp-¿-B≥- ]m-cm-bWw- tI´v- AXn¬- BIrjv-S\m-bn-s°m ≠v- H∂pw- Dcn-bm-Sm-sX kz-hkXn-bn-te°p- aSßn-b Jp-ssdiot\Xm-hm-b heo-Zp-_v-\p- ap-Ko-dtbm-Sv-,- ap-lΩZn-s≥-d hN\ßƒAkXy-am-sW∂v- ]cky- {]kv-Xm-h\ sNøWsa∂m-hiy-s∏´ A_q-Plv-en-\v- At±lw- \¬-In-b adp-]Sn- {it≤bam-Wv.- "Rm s\¥m-Wv- ]dtb≠Xv?- KZy-Øn-epw- ]Zy-Øn-epw- Pn-∂p-Ifp-sS Im-hy-ßfn-epw- Ad_n-`m-jbp-sS at‰sXm-cp- km-ln-Xy-im-Jbn epw- \n-ßtf°mƒ- Adn-sh\n-°p-≠v.- ssZham-Wv- kXyw-! Cua\p-jy≥- ka¿-∏n-°p-∂ hN\ßƒ- Ahbn¬- H∂n-t\m-Spw- km Zriy-an-√.- ssZham-sW,- Ahs≥-d hN\ßƒ°v- hn-kv-abm-hlamsbm-cp- am-[p-cy-hpw- {]tXy-Iam-sbm-cp- `w-Kn-bp-ap-≠v.- AXn-s≥-d sIm-ºp-Ifpw- Nn-√Ifpw- ^eßƒ- \n-d™Xpw- ap-cSv- ]in-abm¿∂ aÆn¬- Du-∂n- \n¬-°p-∂Xp-am-Wv.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- AXv- k¿h hN\\ßtf°m-fpw- D∂Xam-Wv.- AXn-s\ Xm-gv-Øn-°m-Wn-°m≥as‰m-cp- hN\Øn-\pw- km-≤y-a√.- AXn-s≥-d Io-gn-eIs∏Sp-∂ kIeXn-s\bpw- AXv- XI¿-Øp-Ifbpw.- Xo¿-®!'Jp¿-B≥- \SØn-b {]hN\ßƒ- A£cw-{]Xn- ]p-e¿∂psh

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

∂Xm-Wv- B hn-ip-≤thZ{K\v-YØn-s≥-d as‰m-cp- Aam-\p-jnIm¬`p-Xw.- kam-[m-\w- {]hNn-°p-∂ {]hm-NIs≥-d hN\w- kXy-ambn-Øo-cp-tºmƒ- Abm-sf I¿-Øm-hv- Ab®Xm-sW∂v- Adn-bmsa∂ bn-csaym- {]hm-NIs≥d-1 Zo¿-LZ¿-i\Øn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo IcWw- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d {]hN\ßfp-sS ]q¿-Øo-IcWØn¬- \ap °v- Z¿-in-°m≥- Ign-bpw.Ckve - m-an-INcn-{XØn-se {]kn-≤am-sbm-cp- k‘n- \S°p-IbmWv.- Xßfp-sS aXtI{µam-b IAv_ - kµ¿-in-°m-s\Øn-bt∏mƒhgn-bn-¬-sh®v- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- Ahn-izm-kn-Ifm¬- XSbs∏´p.- Hcpk\v-[n-bn-te¿-s∏Sm≥- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- \n¿-_\v-[n-Xcm-hp-Ibpw- Xn I™ COm-`w-KtØm-sS aSßn-t∏m-hp-Ibpw- sNbv-X Ahkcw.C\n-sbm-cn-°epw- Xßƒ-°v- a°bp-sS hn-ip-≤ `q-an-bnte°v{]thin-°m-≥- Igbn-s√∂v- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- IW°p-Iq-ń-b kµ¿`w."A√mlp- Dt±in-°p-∂ ]£w,- kam-[m-\Nn-Øcm-bn-s°m-≠v- Xe ap-Wv-U\w- sNbv-Xhcpw- ap-Sn-shń-bhcpw- Bbn-s°m-≠v- \n-ßƒH∂pw- `bs∏Sm-sX ]hn-{Xam-b tZhm-ebØn¬- {]thin-°p IXs∂ sNøpw-'.-2 Cu- {]hN-\w- km-£m-Xv-Icn-°s∏´p.- {]hmN I\pw- A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw- Iq-Sn- c≠p- h¿-jßƒ-°ptijw- kam[m\Nn-Øcm-bn-s°m-≠v- IAv-_bn¬- {]thin-°p-IXs∂ sNbv-Xp.ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- A{Iaßƒ- t\cn-´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv.-- Ah¿ °v- A[n-Im-csØtbm- B[n-]Xy-sØtbm- Ip-dn-®v- Nn-¥n-°p-hm≥t]m-epw- høm-Ø Ahkv-Y.- kz-¥w- \m-ń¬-\n-∂p-t]m-epw- ASnt®m-Sn-°s∏ń-cp-∂ Im-ew-.- B kabØv- Jp¿-B≥- {]Jym-]n-®p."\n-ßfn¬-\n-∂v- hn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw- k¬-I¿-a-ßƒ- {]h¿-Øn-°pIbpw- sNbv-Xhtcm-Sv- A√m-lp- hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sNbv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p; Ah cp-sS ap-ºp-≈h¿-°v- {]m-Xn-\n-[yw- \¬-In-bt]m-se Xo-¿-®bm-bpw`q-an-bn¬- Ah≥- Ah¿-°v- {]m-Xn-\n-[yw- \¬-Ip-Ibpw-,- Ah¿-°vAh≥- Xr]vX - n-s∏´p-sIm-Sp-Ø Ahcp-sS aXØn-s≥-d Im-cy-Øn¬Ah¿-°v- Ah≥- kz-m-[o-\w- \¬-Ip-Ibpw- Ahcp-sS `b∏m-Sn-\vtijw- \n¿-`bXzw- ]Icw- \¬-Ip-Ibpw- sNøp-∂Xm-sW∂v'-3 1.- bn-scaym-hv- 28:9 2. Jp¿-B≥ 48:273. Jp¿-B≥ 24:55

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

ssZhØn-s≥d alØm-b Cu- {]hN\w- km-£m-Xv-Icn-°s∏´p.a°bn-se a¿-Z-Icm-b ap-iv-cn-°p-Itfbpw- aZo-\bn-se ap-\m-^nJp Isfbpw- blq-Zss{Ikv-Xhscbpw- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d kIehn-[ i{Xp-°sfbpw- ]cm-Pbs∏Sp-Øn-s°m-≠v- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ-°v- `cWwe`n-°p-Ibpw- \n-¿` - bXz-tØm-sS Po-hn-°m-\m-Ip-sa∂ AhkvY - bp≠m-hp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.Atd_y≥- A¿-[-Zo-]n-s≥-d Nn-e `m-Kßfn¬- B[n-]Xyw- t\ Sm≥- th≠n-bp-≈ t]m-cm-´w- \S°p-Ibm-Wv.- thZ°m-cm-b {In-kv Xym-\n-Ifpw- AKv\ - n-Bcm-[I-cm-b t]¿-jy-°m-cpw- XΩn-em-bn-cp∂ bp-≤w.- {In-kv-Xym-\n-Itfm-Sv- ap-kv-enw-Ifpw- t]¿-jy-°m-tcm-Sv- apivcn-°p-Ifpw- A\p-`m-hw- {]ISn-∏n-®p.- ln-Pv-d A©mw-h¿-jØn¬\S∂ tLm-cbp-≤Øn¬- tdm-a°m¿- ]cm-Pbs∏´p.- C\n-sbm-cpXn-cn-®p-hchv- Akm-[y-am-sW∂v- tXm-∂n-∏n-°p-am-dv- A{Xbv-°pZb\o-bam-bn-cp-∂p- ss{Ikv-Xhcp-sS ]cm-Pbw.- _lp-ssZhm-cm[ I¿- CXp- ap-XseSp-Øp-sIm-≠v- ap-kv-enw-Isf ]cn-lkn-°p-hm≥Xp-Sßn.- Cu- AhkcØn¬- Jp¿-B≥- {]Jym-]n-®p: "ASp-Ø \m-ń¬- sh®v- tdm-a°m¿- ]cm-Pn-Xcm-°s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p.- XßfpsS ]cm-PbØn-\p-tijw- GXm-\pw- h¿-jßƒ-°p-≈n¬- Xs∂ Ah¿- hn-Pbw- hcn-°p-∂Xm-Wv'.-1 Cu- {]Jym-]\w- sX‰n-bn-√.Bdp-h¿-jßƒ- Xn-Ibp-∂Xn-\p- ap-ºv- thZ°m-cm-b tdm-a°m¿AKv-\n-bm-cm-[Icm-b t]¿-jy-°m-sc ]cm-Pbs∏Sp-Øn.Cßs\ F{Xsb{X {]hN\ßƒ! Jp¿-B\ns≥-d Hcp -{]h N\w -t]m-epw- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°s∏Sm-Xn-cp-∂n-ń-√.- `q-Xhpw- `m-hnbpwh¿-Øam-\hp-adn-bp-∂ alm-\m-b c£n-Xm-hns≥-dXm-Wv- Cu{KŸsa∂ bm-Ym¿-Y-yw- Cu- {]hN\ßfn-eq-sS \ap-°v- sXfn™p-Im-Wmw.Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d AhXcWIm-eØv- tem-Iw- im-kv-{Xkm-t¶XnIcw-KØv- B[p-\n-Iho-£WØn-eq-sS t\m-°p-tºmƒ- h´∏q-PyØn-em-bn-cp-∂p.- Zq-cZ¿-in-\n-Itfm- kq-£v-aZ¿-in-\n-Itfm- A∂vIs≠Øn-bn-ń-√.- BIm-iØn-eq-sS ]d°m-\pw- kap-{ZØn-\IØvKthjWw- \SØm-\p-ap-≈ km-t¶Xn-Ihn-Zy-Isf°p-dn-®v- A°m1. Jp¿-B≥- 30: 2-˛4

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

eØv- H∂p-adn-bn-√.- AXn-s≥d AhXcWØn\v- tijap-≈ ]Xn\m-ev- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ- im-kv-{X km-t¶Xn-Icw-Kßfn¬- alØm-b hn-πhßƒ- \S∂ \q-‰m-≠p-Ifm-Wv.- a\p-jy-\v- Adn-bm-Ø ]e hkv-Xp-XIfpw- Ah≥- I≠p-]n-Sn-®p.- {]m-]©n-ItKm-fßfp-sS \n e\n¬-∏n-\v- ]n-∂n-ep-≈ iIv-Xn-tbXm-sW∂v- Ah¿- a\ n-em-°n.BIm-iØn-s≥-d A\¥XIfn-te°v- Ahs≥-d Zrjv-Sn-Iƒ- \o≠p.- B‰Øns≥-d AIØp-≈sX¥m-sW∂Xn-s\°p-dn-®v- Ah≥]Tn-®p.- Po-htIm-iØn-s≥-d {]tXy-IXIfpw- {]h¿-Ø\ßfpsa¥m-sW∂v- Ah\v- hn-iZo-Icn-°m≥- Ign-™p.- ]t£,- hn-ip≤ Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d Hscm-‰ hN\w- t]m-epw- im-kv-{X kmt¶Xn-I cwKßfn-se hn-πhßƒ-°p-ap-∂n¬- sX‰m-sW∂p- sXfn-bn°s∏ń-ń-√.- Jp¿-B≥- ]d™ Hscm-‰ kXyw-t]m-epw- AkXyam-sW∂v- ]dbm≥- im-kv{- XØn-\v- km-[n-®n-ń-√.- am-{Xhp-a√,- imkv{Xw- ]p-Xn-b Is≠Øep-Iƒ- \SØp-tºmƒ- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d A{]am-Zn-Xz-hpw- APøXbpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- sXfn-™p-hcnIbm-Wv- bYm¿-Y-Øn¬- sNøp-∂Xvv.- hm-\im-kv-{XØn-tem- `q-anim-kv-{XØn-tem- kap-{Zim-kv-{XØn-tem- {`q-Wim-kv-{XØn-temH∂pw- ASn-kv-Ym-\ Pvv-Rm-\w- t]m-ep-an-√m-Xn-cp-∂ Im-eØvAhXcn-°s∏´ Jp¿-B\n-se hN\ßƒ- {]kv-Xp-X im-kv-{XimJIfn-se B[p-\n-I I≠p-]n-Sn-Øßfp-am-bn- ]q¿-Wa - m-bpw- tbmPn°p-∂p-sh∂ hkv-Xp-X B {KŸØn-s≥-d Aam-\p-jn-IX hyIvXam-°p-∂p-.1929¬- {_n-ó-jv tPym-Xnim-kv-{XPv-R\m-b FUv-hn≥- ]n.l_pƒ- {]]©w- hn-Ikn-°p-∂p-sh∂ \n-Ka\Øn-seØn.- KmeIvkn-Ifn¬- \n-∂p-≈ {]Im-iXcw-Kßfp-sS êam-bn- A\p-`hs∏Sp ∂ Acp-W{`w-i(red shift)am-Wv- Km-eIv-kn-Iƒ- AI∂p- \o-ßns°m-≠n-cn°p-∂p-sh∂ \n-Ka\Øn-seØm≥- l_p-fn-s\ t{]cn∏n-®Xv.- Cu- Acp-W{`w-iw- bm-Ym¿Y-yw- Xs∂bm-sW∂pw- AXpsIm-≠p-Xs∂ {]]©w hn-Ikn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pwAt±lØn-\p-tijhpw- {]K¬-`cm-b ]ecpw-KthjWw- sNbvXpIs≠Øn- b n- ´ p- ≠ v . - ]Xn- \ m- e v - \q- ‰ m- ≠ p- I ƒ- ° v - ap- º p- X s∂ {]]©w- hn-Ikn-°p-∂p-sh∂ bm-Ym¿-Y-yw- Jp¿-B≥- {]Jym-]n®n´p-≠v: "BIm-iam-Is´ \m-aXn-s\ Icßfm¬- \n¿-a-n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \mwhn-Ikn-∏n-s®Sp-°p-∂h\p-am-Ip-∂p'-1 sh∂v{kjv-Sm-hv- Jp-¿-B\n-eq-sS {]Jym-]n-°p-tºmƒ- {]]©hn-Im ksa∂ {]Xn-`m-kam-Wv- \ap-°p- ap-∂n¬- sXfn-™p-hcp-∂Xv.{]]©w- hn-Ikn-°p-∂p-sh∂ k¶¬-]Øn-t∑em-Wv- B[p\nI {]]©am-XrI \n¿-an-°s∏ń-´p-≈Xvv.- B am-XrI {]Im-cw{]]©Øn-s≥-d D¬-]-Øn-sb kw-_\v-[n-® kn-≤m-¥w- alm-hnkvt^m-S\kn-≤m-¥ (big bang theory)sa∂ t]cn-em-Wv- Adnbs∏Sp-∂Xv. BIm-itKm-fßfpw- `q-an-bp-sa√mw- Hscm-‰ BZn-]Zm¿Y-Øn-s≥-d `m-Kam-bn-cp-∂p.- A\¥km-{µam-b B "tIm-kv-an-IvF§v-'- Hcp- l_vƒ- kabØn-\p-ap-ºv- s]m-ń-sØdn-®p-sh∂pwAXn¬- \n-∂pw- BIm-itKm-fßfpw- `q-an-bp-sa√mw- D≠m-bnF∂pw- Cu- kn-≤m-¥w- ka¿-Yn-°p-∂p.- {]m-]©n-I hkv-Xp°sf√mw- H∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw- ]n-∂o-Sm-Wv- Ah th¿-s]SpØs∏´sX∂pap-≈- hkv-Xp-X Bbn-cØn-\m-\q-dv- h¿-jßƒ-°pap-ºv- Jp¿-B≥- Cßs\bm-Wv- hy-Iv-Xam-°n-bXv: "BIm-ißfpw`q-an-bpw- Hń-t®¿-∂Xm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw- F∂n-´v- \mw- Ahsb th¿s∏Sp-Øp-Ibm-Wp-≠m-bsX∂pw- kXy-\n-tj[n-Iƒ- I≠n-t√'.-2 B[p-\n-I {]]©am-XrI {]Im-cw- \£{Xßfp-sS krjv-Sn sb kw-_\v-[n-® kn-≤m-¥w- Cßs\bm-Wv:- Hcp-Xcw- km-{µo IcW {]{In-bbn-eq-sSbm-Wv- \£{Xßƒ- cq]w-sIm-≈p-∂Xv.\£{Xm-¥co-b hm-XIßfpw- s]m-Sn-]Seßfpw- a‰pw- ASßn-b taLam-Wv- s\_p-e.- s\_p-eIfn-se FÆa‰ hm-XI\∑m-{XIƒ°n-Sbn-epw- [q-fo-IWßƒ-°n-Sbn-epw- {]h¿-Øn-°p-∂ Kp-cp-XzmI¿-jWam-Wv- \£{X ]cn-Wm-aØn-s≥-d {]YaL´w.- s\_pebn¬- Hcp- {]tXy-I {]tZiØv- ]Zm¿-Y-tI{µo-IcWw- \S°ptºmƒ- Hcp-Xcw- Kp-cp-Xzm-I¿-jWtaJe Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-IbpwAtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- Ahn-tS°v- IpSq-X¬- ]Zm¿-Y-tI{µo-IcWw- \S°pIbpw- Aßs\ [q-fn-Ifp-sSbpw- hm-XIßfp-sSbpw- tiJcap-≠mhp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- \£{Xßƒ- cq-]saSp-°p-∂Xv.- Cuhkv-Xp-XIƒ- ap-gp-h≥- Iq-Sn- Jp¿-B≥- hn-hcn-°p-∂Xv- Cßs\bmWv-: ""AXn-\p-]p-dsa Ah≥- D]cn-tem-IØn-s≥-dbpw- kw-hn-[m\w1. Jp¿-B≥- 51: 47 2. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 30

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

\SØn.- AXv- Hcp- ]p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p.- AXn-t\m-Spw- `q-an-tbm-SpwAh≥- BPv-Rm-]n-®p: \n-ßƒ- c≠pw- A\pkcWm-]q¿-htam- \n¿ _\v-[n-Xtam- Bbn- hcn-I.- Ah c≠p-w- ]d™p-: Rßfn-XmA\p-kcWbp-≈hcm-bn- h∂n-cn-°p-∂p''.-1 A¥co-£w- Hcp- ta¬-°q-cbm-sW∂v- C∂v- \ap-°dn-bmw.- D¬ °m-\n-]m-Xßfn¬- \n-∂pw- Aƒ-{Sm-hbe‰v- civ-an-bn¬- \n-∂pw- `qansb c£n-°p-∂Xv- A¥co-£sa∂ ta¬-°q-cbm-Wv.- "D]cn-temI sØ \mw- kw-c£n-Xam-b Hcp- ta¬-°q-cbm°n-bn-´p-≠v'2 F∂ Jp¿-B\n-I ]cm-a¿-iw- F{Xicn-! `q-IºXcw-Kßfp-sS thKX \n-b{¥n-°p-∂Xn-\v- Hcp- \√ ]¶phln-°p-∂Xv- ]¿-hX - ßfm-Wv.- - `q-tKm-fØn-s≥-d B¥cn-Ihpw- _m ly-hp-am-b LS\ ]cn-c£n-°p-∂Xn¬- ]¿-∆Xßƒ-°v- KWy-amb ]¶p-≠v.- `q-an-bp-sS k¥p-en-XXzw- kw-c£n-°p-∂Xn¬- ]¿∆ Xßfp-sS kw-`m-h\sb°p-dn-®v- a\ n-em-bXv- N{µtKm-fsØ°p dn-® ]T\Øn-¬-\n-∂m-bcp-∂p.- `q-an-bp-sS ASn-bn-se _kmƒ-´n¬sN∂p-ap-´p-∂ thcp-Ifp-≠v,- ]¿-∆Xßƒ°v.- Cu- thcp-Ifm-Wv`q-an-sb k¥p-en-Xam-bn- \n-e\n¿-Øp-∂Xv.- `q-an-bp-sS {]XeØn¬ASn-®p-Ib‰n-b BWn-Isft∏m-sebm-Wv- ]¿-∆Xßfp-sS In-S∏v."`q-an-sb- \mw- Hcp- hn-cn-∏pw- ]¿-∆Xßsf BWn-Ifpw- B°n-bn t√'-3sb∂pw- "`q-an- Ahscbpw- sIm-≠v- CfIm-Xn-cn-°p-hm-\m-bnAXn¬- \mw- Dd®p-\n¬-°p-∂ ]¿-∆Xßfp-≠m-°p-Ibpw- sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p'-4 sh∂pw- Jp¿-B≥- {]Jym-]n-°p-tºmƒ- ]¿hXß sf°p-dn-®v- B[p-\n-Iimkv{- XØn-s≥-d I≠p-]n-Sp--Øßƒ- ]Xn\m -ep- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°v- ap-ºv- C{X IrXy-am-bn- ]d™n-cn-°p∂sXß s\sb∂v- \mw- A¬-`p-Xs∏´p-t]m-Ip-∂p.P¥p-tem-IØp- \S°p-∂ {]Xyp-¬-]m-Z\w- s]m-Xp-sh ssewKnIam-Wv.- kky-tem-IØv- ssew-Kn-Ihpw- Assew-Kn-Ihp-am-b {]Xyp¬-]m-Z\co-Xn-Ifp-≠v.- ssew-Kn-I {]Xyp¬-]m-Z\Øn¬CWIfp-sS A\n-hm-cy-X B¿-°pw- t_m-[y-s∏Sp-tØ≠Xn-√.- CuCWIfm-Wv- P¥p-˛kky-ßfp-sS \n-e\n¬-]n-∂p- \nZm-\w.- Pohn1. Jp¿-B≥- 41: 11 2. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 32 3. Jp¿-B≥- 78: 6, 7 4. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 31

Jp¿-B≥-; \n-Xy-\q-X\ {KŸw-

Iƒ- am-{Xa√,- AtNX\am-b ]e hkv-Xp-°fpw- \n-e\n¬-°p∂ Xpw- CWIfp-sS kw-k¿-KØn¬-\n-∂m-sW∂v- B[p-\n-Iimkv{Xwkn-≤m-¥n-°p-∂p-≠v.- sshZyp-Xnbp-sS \n-e\n¬-]n-\v- Im-cWw- t]m kn-‰o-hv,- s\K‰o-hv- Nm¿-Pp-Ifp-sS Akv-Xn-Xz-am-Wt√m. ]Zm¿YØn-s≥-d G‰hpw- au-en-I IWßfm-b B‰Øn-\IØp-≈ CeIv t{Sm-Wpw- t{]m-t´m-Wpw- CWIfm-sW∂v- \ap-°dn-bmw.- au-en-I IWßƒ- \n¿-an-°s∏ń-cn-°p-∂ "Izm¿-°p-Iƒ'- krjvS- n-°s∏ńcn°p-∂Xpw- Izm¿-°v-˛B≥-dn-Izm¿-°- v- CWIfp-sS kw-KaØn¬- \n ∂m-Wv.- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d ]cm-a¿-iw- F{Xicn! "`q-an- ap-f∏n-°p-∂ kky-ßfn-epw- Ahcp-sS kz-¥w- h¿-Kßfnepw- Ah¿-°dn-bmØ hkvX - p-°fn-epw-s]´ F√m- CWIsfbpw- krjvS- n-®h≥- F{X ]cn-ip-≤≥'1 {`q-Wim-kv-{XsØ°p-dn-® ASn-kv-Ym-\]cam-b Adn-hp-IƒXs∂ \ap-°p-≠m-bXv- Cu-bSp-Ø Im-eØm-Wv.- - {`q-W]cn-Wma sØ°p-dn-® ]p-Xn-b Is≠Øep-Ifp-sS shfn-®Øn¬- ]gb ]e hn-izm-kßfpw- \n-ew-]cn-im-bn.- ^tem-∏n-b≥- \m-fnbn-¬- sh®vAfihpw- _o-Phpw- kw-tbm-Pn-®v- kn-Iv-Xm-fiw- D≠m-bn-°gn ™m¬- ]n-s∂ AXv- kz-bw-Xs∂ K¿-`m-ib`n-Øn-sb e£y-am°n\o-ßp-Ibpw- Ahn-sS Hcp- A´sb t]m-se Hń-∏n-Sn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp ∂p.- Chn-sS\n-∂m-Wv- {`q-Ww- hfcm≥- Xp-Sßp-∂Xv.- AXv- hf¿∂v\·t\{Xßƒ-°v- Hcp- amw-k]n-fiam-bn- Zriy-am-Ip-∂p.- ]n-∂oSvCu- ]n-fiØn-\IØv- Akv-Yn-Iƒ- hfcp-∂p.- Cßs\bp-≠m-Ip ∂ Akv-Yn-Iƒ- t]in-Ifm¬- ad°s∏Sp-∂p.- Ahn-sS\n-∂m-WvIp-™p-≠m-Ip-∂Xv.- ]n-s∂ Ip-™n-s≥-d hf¿-®bm-Wv- \S°p-∂Xv.Jp¿-B≥- Cu- L´ßsfsb√mw- hfsc hy-Iv-Xhpw- kv-Jen-XclnXhp-am-bnhn-hcn-®n-´p-≠v.- "]n-s∂ B _o-PsØ Hń-∏n-Sn-°p-∂ {`q-Wam-bn- cq-]m-¥cs∏Sp-Øn.- A\¥cw,- B {`q-WsØ \m-wHcp- amw-k]n-fiam-bn- cq-]s∏Sp-Øn.- Xp-S¿-∂v- \mw- B amw-k]nfisØ AkvY - n-Iq-Sam-bn- cq-]s∏Sp-Øn.- F∂n-´v- \mw- B AkvYnIq-SsØ amw-kw-sIm-≠v- s]m-Xn-™p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- as‰m-cp- krjv-Snbm-bn- \mw- Ahs\ hf¿-Øn-sbSp-Øp'-2. 1. Jp¿-B≥- 36: 36 2. Jp¿-B≥- 23: 14

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

AΩbp-sS K¿-`m-ibØn¬-sh®m-Wv- kn-IvX - m-fiw- hfcp-∂Xv.aq-∂v- BhcWßfm-Wv- AΩbp-sS hb‰n-ep-≈Xv.- AΩbp-sS ASnhbdn-s≥-d `n-Øn-; c≠v-,- K¿-`m-ib`n-Øn-; aq-∂v,- K¿-`m-ibØn\IØp-≈ t\¿-Ø Bav\n-tbm-tIm-dn-tbm¨- ]m-S.- Cu- aq-∂v- `n Øn-Ifn-se Ccp-´d°p-≈n-em-Wv- {`q-Ww- hfcp-∂Xv.- Cu- hkv-XpX Jp¿-B≥- Cßs\ hy-Iv-Xam-°n:- "\n-ßfp-sS am-Xm-°fp-sS hbdpIfn¬- \n-ßsf Ah≥- krjv-Sn-°p-∂p;- aq-∂p-Xcw- A‘--Im-cß fnem-bn-.- krjv-Sn-bp-sS Hcp- L´Øn-\p-tijw- as‰m-cp-L´am-bns°m-≠v'1. A¬-`p-Xw-! Cu- hN\ßƒ- sam-gn-bp-∂Xv- Bdmw- \q-‰m-≠n¬Po-hn-® \n-c£c\m-b Hcp- a\p-jy-\m-Wv.- Ccp-]Xmw- \q-‰m-≠n¬am-{Xw- I≠p-]n-Sn-°s∏´ im-kv-{X hkv-Xp-XIƒ- Hcp- sX‰pw-]‰msX Cu- hN\ßfn¬- hy-Iv-Xam-Ip-∂p.- C\n-bpw- \mw- Nn-¥n-°pI.Cu- {KŸw- ssZhn-Iat√ F∂v.- `q-XIm-ehpw- `m-hn-Im-ehpw- h¿Øam-\Im-ehpw- icn-°dn-bm-hp-∂,- clky-hpw- ]cky-hpw- hy-IvXm-abdn-bm-hp-∂ Hcp-h\√m-sX Cu- {KŸw- cNn-°p-I km-[ya√Xs∂.Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d {]Jy-m] - \w- F{Xicn.- "]dbp-I.- Cu- Jp¿-B\n \v- kaam-sbm-∂p- sIm-≠p-hcm≥-th≠n- a\p-jy-\pw- Pn-∂pw- Hcpan®p-tN¿-∂m-epw- CXn-\v- kaam-bXv- Ah¿- sIm-≠p-hcn-Ibn-√.Ah¿- XΩn¬-XΩn¬- klm-bn-®n-cp-∂m-epw- icn'.-2

1. Jp¿-B≥- 39 : 6 2. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 88

B-dvA√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kwCu- {]]©Øn-se kIe hkv-Xp-°fpw- AXn-\∏p-dØp-≈ Hcp- Im-cWsØ tXSp-∂p-≠v. Hm-tcm- hkv-Xp-hn-\p-w- hkv-Xp-X°psa√mw- Im-cWat\z-jn-°p-∂hcm-Wv- a\p-jy≥.- ]cam-Wp- ap-X¬\£{XPm-eßƒ-hscbp-≈ sNdp-Xpw- hep-Xp-am-b {]m-]©nI hkv-Xp-°sfm-∂pw-Xs∂ CXn-∂]hm-Za√.- Hm-tcm-∂n-s≥dbpw- Im cWw- Is≠Øp-tºmƒ- B Im-cWØn-s≥-d Im-cWat\z-jn-°p ∂ Ahkv-Ybp≠m-Ip-∂p.- Cu- irw-Je A\¥am-bn- Xp-S¿-∂pt]m-Ip-∂n-√.- AXv- Im-cWßfm-hiy-an-√m-Ø Hcp-h\n¬- Ahkm \w- FØnt®cp-Ibm-Wv- sNøp-∂Xv.- Ah\m-Ip-∂p- F√m- At\zj Wßfp-sSbpw- A¥yw.- kIehn-[ At\z-jWßfpw- tX´ßfpwCu- ]caam-b A¥y-Øn-seØp-tºmƒ- Ahkm-\n-°p-∂p.- {]] ©Øn-se Hscm-‰ {]Xn-`m-khpw- Im-cWam-hiy-an-√m-ØXm-bn\ap-°v- Im-Wm≥- Ign-bp-∂n-√.- hep-Xpw- sNdp-Xp-am-b F√m- hkvXp°fpw- Im-cWw- tXSp-∂p.- At∏mƒ- Im-cWßfm-hiy-an-√m-Ø ]cm-iIv-Xn- {]]©Øn-\v- ]p-dØp-≈Xm-bn-cn-°Ww.- ]Zm¿-Y-mXoXam-bn-cn-°Ww.- {]]©Øn-se hepXpw- sNdp-Xpam-b kIe {]Xn`m-kßfp-sSbpw- ASn-kv-Ym-\Im-cWsØbm-Wv- Ckvemw"A√m-lp'- F∂v- hn-fn-°p-∂Xv.A√m-lp- tIheam-b Hcp- iIvX - n-tbm- DWva - bn-√m-Ø Hcp- Du¿ Pcq-]tam- am{Xam-sW∂v- Ckv-emw- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- ssZhnIk Ø a\p-jy-s≥-d hn-iZo-IcWØn-\Xo-Xam-Wv.- A√m-lp- Xs∂

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Adn-bn-®p-X∂ Zn-hy-shfn-]m-Sp-Ifn-eq-sS am-{Xta Ahs≥-d kz`mhhn-tijWßsf°p-dn-®v- \ap-°dn-bm≥- Ign-bq.- F¶n-epw- Ah s≥-d iIv-Xn-bm¬- \n-e\n¬°p-∂ {]m-]©n-IiIv-Xn-Iƒ- Ah s≥d Akv-Xn-XzsØbpw- kz`m-hßsfbpw- Hcp- ]cn-[n-hsc shfn s∏Sp-Øp-∂p-sh∂v- ]dbmw.a\p-jy-tcm-Sv- kz-X{¥cm-bn- Nn-¥n-®p-sIm-≠v- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d AkvX - n-Xz-sØ°p-dn-®v- a\ n-em-°p-hm\m--Wv- Jp¿-B≥- Blzm\w -sNøp-∂Xv.- "HÍØn-s≥-d t\¿-°v- Ah≥- t\m-°p-∂n-t√; AsX ßs\ krjv-Sn-°s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v.- BIm-itØ°v-; AsX ßs\ Db¿-Øs∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v.- ]¿-hXßfn-te°;v- AsXß s\ \m-ń-\n¿-Øs∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v.- `q-an-bn-te°v-; AsXßs\ hn-Xm-\n-°s∏ń-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v'1.Xs≥-d Np-‰p-]m-Sp-Ifn-te°v- ItÆm-Sn-®p-sIm-≠v- {]]©kwhn[m-\Øn-\p-]n-∂n-se alm-ssNX\y-sØ°p-dn-®v- a\ n-em-°p-hm\m-Wv- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d I¬-]\.- kz-X{¥Nn-¥ ssZh\ntj[ Ønte°v- \bn-°p-sa∂ a[y-Im-eN¿-®n-s≥-d ho-£Ww- Ckv-eman-\v- Xn-I®pw- A\y-am-Wv.- IÆp-sIm-≠v- Im-Wp-Ibpw- Im-Xp-sIm≠vtIƒ-°p-Ibpw- sNbvX - v- a\ -p] - tbm-Kn-®v- Nn-¥n-°p-hm-\m-Wv- {kjv Sm-hn-s≥-d Akv-Xn-Xz-Øn-te°v- {i≤ £Wn-°p-∂ Jp¿-B≥- kqIv-Xßƒ- a\p-jy-tcm-Sm-hiy-s∏Sp-∂Xv.- A‘am-bn- ssZhhn-izmkn-bm-Ip-hm≥- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂ Hscm-‰ kq-Iv-Xw -t]m-ep-w- Jp¿-B\nen-√.- Cu- hn-jbØn¬- Ckv-em-an-s\t∏m-se _p-≤n-sb {]h¿Ø\£aam-°n-b as‰m-cp- aXhp-an-s√∂Xm-Wv- hkv-Xp-X.- X∂nte°pw- Xs≥-d Np-‰p-]m-Sp-Ifn-te°pw- Zrjv-Sn-]m-bn-®v- ]S®hs≥d APøXsb°p-dn-®v- a\ n-em-°p-hm≥- a\p-jy-tcm-Sv- Blzm-\wsNøp-∂ Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-Xßƒ- km-[m-cW°m¿- ap-X¬- im-kv {XPv-R¿-hscbp-≈hsc Nn-¥n-∏n-°p-hm≥- ]cym-]vXam-Wv.{]hm-NI\v- BZy-am-bn- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ Jp¿-B≥- kq-IvX ßƒ- Xs∂ t\m-°p-I.- "krjv-Sn-®h\m-b \n-s≥-d \m-Ys≥-d \ma Øn¬- hm-bn-°p-I; a\p-jy-s\ Ah≥- {`q-WØn¬- \n-∂v- krjvSn®n-cn-°p-∂p'-.-2 a\p-jy-tcm-Sv- kz-¥sØ°p-dn-®v- Nn-¥n-°p-hm-\m-Wv1. Jp¿-B≥- 88: 17-˛20 2. Jp¿-B≥- 96: 1, 2

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

Cu- kq-Iv-Xw- Blzm-\w-sNøp-∂Xv.- GXm-\pw- h¿-jßƒ-°p-apºv\mw- H∂p-a√m-bn-cp-∂p.]n-s∂ ]n-Xm-hn-s≥-d ico-cØn-se tIm-Sn-°W°n-\v- _o-Pßfnsem-∂pwam-Xm-hn-s≥-d ico-cØn-se Afißfn-sem-∂p-am-bn,Xn-I®pw- A]cn-Nn-Xam-b c≠v- `m-Kßfm-bn-cp-∂p- \mw.- am-Xm-hns‚K¿-`]m-{XØn¬-sh®v- _o-Phpw- Afihp- tN¿-∂ kn-Iv-Xm-fiap ≠m-bn.- AXv- hf¿-∂v- amw-k]n-fiam-bn.- ]n-∂o-Sv- Cu- ]n-fiØn\ IØv- AkvY - n-Iq-Sw- cq-]s∏´p.- {]kvX - p-X AkvY - n-Iƒ- t]in-Ifm¬adbv-°s∏´p.- IÆp-Ifpw- Im-Xp-Ifpw- \m-°pw- aq-°pw- ssIIfpwIm-ep-Ifp-sa√m-ap-≠m-bn.- Aßs\ Hcp- Zn-hkw- \mw- `q-an-bnte°vh∂p.- Chn-SsØ tIm-Sn-°W°n-\v- a\p-jy-cn¬- Hcm-fm-bn- \mwPo-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- \Ωp-sS ico-cØn¬- hy-Xy-kv-Xßfmb hy-hkv-YIfp-≠v.- {]kv-Xp-X hy-hkv-YIsf√mw- ]ckv-]cw- _\v [s∏´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂Xv.- Akv-Yn-hyq-lhpw,-- Nw-{IaWhyq-lhpw-,aq{Xhyq-lhpw-,- {]Xyp¬]m-Z\hyq-lhpw,- A¥:{km-hhyq-lhpsam-∂pw- a\p-jy-s≥-d \n-b{¥WØn-e√ \S°p-∂Xv.- A]cn-NnXßfm-b _o-PsØbpw- AfisØbpw- ]ckv-]cwkw-tbm-Pn∏n-®v- kn-Iv-Xm-fiap-≠m-°n,- AXn¬- \n-∂p \sΩ ]Sn-]Sn-bm-bnhf¿-Øn-s°m-≠p-h∂h\m-tcm- Ah≥- Xs∂ Cu- hy-hkv-YIsf \n-b{¥n-®p-\SØp-hm-\m-hiy-am-b kw-hn-[m-\ßƒ- icocØn¬sNbv-Xp-sh®n-cn-°p∂p.- kz-¥sØ°p-dn-®v- Nn-¥n-°p-∂ km-[mcW°m-c\pw- a\p-jy-ico-csØ°p-dn-®v- KthjWw- \SØp-∂ im-kv-{XIm-c\pw- Htct]m-se {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d ssh`hw- A\p-`hn®dn-bp-∂p:- Jp¿-B≥- tNm-Zn-°p-∂p:- "\nßƒ-s°ßs\bm-WvA√m-lp-hn-s\ \n-tj[n-°m≥- Ign-bp-I?- \n-ßƒ- \n¿-Po-h hkvXp-°fm-bn-cp-∂ Ahkv-Y°v- tijw- Ah≥- \n-ßƒ-°v- Po-h≥\¬-In'.-1"Xo¿-®bm-bpw- a\p-jy-s\ Ifn-aÆn-s≥-d kØn¬- \n-∂v- \mwkrjv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- Hcp- _o-Pam-bn-s°m-≠v- Ahs\ \mw`{Zam-b Hcp- kv-Ym-\Øv-sh®p.- ]n-s∂ B _o-PsØ \mw- Hcp{`q-Wam-bn- cq-]s∏Sp-Øn.- A\¥cw- B {`q-WsØ \mw- Hcp- amwk]n-fiam-bn- cq-]s∏Sp-Øn.- Xp-S¿-∂v- \mw- B amw-k]n-fisØ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 8

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Akv-Yn-Iq-Sam-bn- cq-]s∏Sp-Øn.- F∂n-´v- \mw- Akv-Yn-Iq-SsØ amw-kw -sIm-≠v- s]m-Xn-™p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- as‰m-cp- krjv-Sn-bm-bn- \mwAXn-s\ hf¿-Øn-sbSp-Øp.- At∏mƒ- G‰hpw- \√ krjv-Sn I¿Øm-hm-b A√m-lp- A\p-{Kl]q¿-W\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p'.-1 "At∏mƒ- \n-ßƒ- {khn-°p-∂ ip-¢sØ∏‰n- \n-ßƒ- Nn-¥n®p-t\m-°n-bn-´p-t≠m-?- \n-ßfm-tWm- Ah krjv-Sn-®p-≠m-°p-∂Xv?AX√,- \m-am-tWm- krjv-Sn-I¿-Øm-hv?-'2s]‰p-ho-gp-∂ Ip-™n-\v- Bhiy-am-bsX√m-w- {kjvS- m-hv- Ah\pNp-‰pw- Hcp-°n-sh®n-cn-°p-∂p.- Icbp-tºmƒ- sXm-≠ hcfm-Xn-cn°m\p-≈ kw-hn-[m-\w.- ico-cØn-s≥-d Du-jv-am-hv- \n-e\n¿-Øphm-\p-≈ kw-hn-[m-\w.- icocØn-s≥-d Pemw-iw- \n-e\n¿-Øp-hm\p≈ kw-hn-[m-\w.- Hm-Iv-kn-P≥- hen-s®Sp-°p-hm-\pw- Im¿-_Ütbm-Iv-sskUv- DOz--kn-°m-\p-am-hiyam-b kw-hn-[m-\ßƒ.Cßs\ Fs¥¥v- kw-hn-[m-\ßfm-Wv- {kjv-Sm-hv- \ap-°m-bn- Hcp°n-sh®n-cn-°p-∂Xv-! Ip-™n\v- - Bhiy-am-b kao-IrXm-lm-cwXbm-¿-sNøp-∂Xv- amXm-hv- Xs∂bm-Wv.- Ip-™n-\v- sImSp-°m≥ap-e∏m-en-t\m-fw- \s√mcp- Blm-chp-an-s√∂m-Wv- hm-kv-Xhw.Ip™n-s≥-d hf¿-®°pw- {]Xn-tcm-[Øn-\p-am-hiyam-b F√m- t]mjIaq-ey-ßfpw- ap-e∏m-en-eSßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- ap-e∏m¬- Ip-Sn-®phfcp-∂ Ip-ń-°v- A¬-]w- {]m-bam-Ip-∂tXm-Sp-Iq-Sn- \¬-Im-\m-hiyam-b t]m-jIkar≤am-b `£y-hkvX - p-°fpw- Ahs≥-d Np‰pap≠v.AXn¬- {][m-\s∏´ H∂m-Wv- BSp-Ifp-sSbpw- am-Sp-Ifp-sSbpw]m-ev.- ]ip-hn-s≥-dbpw- Fcp-abp-sSbpw- ]m¬- Ip-ń-Iƒ-°v- am-{Xa√,hen-bh¿-°pw- t]m-jIw- \¬-Ip-∂ Kp-Wkºp-jv-Sam-b HcpBlm-cam-Wv.- ]ip-hn≥-]m-en¬-- 87.-2% sh≈hpw- 3.7% sIm-gp-∏pw4.9% ]©km-cbpw- 3.5% t]m-jIßfpw- a‰v- Ht´sd [m-Xp-°fpwPo-hIßfpw- ASßn-bn-´p-≠v.- BSpIfp-sSbpw- am-Sp-Ifp-sSbpwico-cØn¬- a\p-jy-\m-hiy-am-b ]m¬- \n¿-an-°m≥-th≠ kw-hn[m- \ ßƒ- sNbv - X p- s h®Xv - Bcm- W v ? - Ahb√; \Ωfp- a √.Ahsbbpw- \sΩbpw- krjv-Sn-® Xºp-cm≥- Xs∂bm-sW∂ DØcam-Wv- Cu- tNm-Zy-Øn-\v- ]m¬-°m-c\pw- £o-cKthjI\pw1. Jp¿-B≥- 23: 12-˛14 2. Jp¿-B≥- 56: 58, 59

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

\¬-Ip-hm-\p-≈Xv.- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "Xo¿-®bmbpw\n-ßƒ-°v- I∂p-Im-en-Ifn¬- Hcp- Kp-W]m-Tap-≠v.- Ahbp-sS DZcßfnep-≈Xn¬-\n-∂v- \n-ßƒ-°v- \mw- Ip-Sn-°m≥- Xcp-∂p.\nßƒ-°v- Ahbn¬- [m-cm-fw- {]tbm-P\ßfp-≠v.- Ahbn¬-\n∂v(amw-kw-) \n-ßƒ- `£n-°p-Ibpw-sNøp-∂p'-.1"Im-en-Ifp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \n-ßƒ-s°m-cp- ]mTap ≠v.- Ahbp-sS DZcßfn¬- D≈Xn¬-\n-∂v-˛Im-jv-SØn-\pw- cIvX Øn-\p-an-Sbn¬-\n-∂v- Ip-Sn-°p-∂h¿-°v- kp-JZm-bIam-b ]m¬- \nßƒ-°v- Ip-Sn-°m-\m-bn- \mw- \¬-Ip-∂p'2. \Ωp-sS \n-e\n¬-]n-\p-Xs∂ B[m-cam-bn-´p-≈ kky-eXmXnIsf°p-dn-®v- Nn-¥n-°p-tºm-gpw- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d ssh`hw- \ap-°vt_m-[y-am-Ip-∂p.- ]®n-eIfm-Wv- `q-an-bp--sS `£y-\n¿-am-Wim-e.thcp-Iƒ- sh≈hpw- hfhpw- hen-s®Sp-°p-∂p.- Ah Im-fiØneq-sS CeIfn-seØp-∂p.- A¥co-£Øn¬- \n-∂v- Ah Im¿-_¨Utbm-Iv-sskUv- hen-s®Sp-°p-∂p.- Chsb√mw-Iq-Sn- kq-cy-{]ImiØn-s≥-d km-∂n-[y-Øn¬- CeIfnse lcn-XIØn¬-sh®v- •qt°m-km-bnam-dp-∂p.- Cu- {]h¿-Ø\sØbm-Wv- {]Im-ikw t«jWw- (photosynthesis) F∂p- ]dbp-∂Xv.- {]Im-ikwt«jWØn-eq-sS \n¿-an-°s∏Sp-∂ •q-t°m-km-Wv- kky-ßfpsSbpw- P¥p-°fp-sSbpw- ASn-kY v- m-\ `£Ww.- P¥p-°ƒ- ]pdØphn-S∂ Im¿-_¨-Utbm-Is v- skUv- hen-s®Sp-Øv- ]Icw- P¥p-°ƒ°m-hiy-ap-≈ Hm-Iv-kn-P≥- ]p-dØp-hn-Sp-Isb∂ {]h¿-Ø\w-IqSn- {]Im-ikw-t«jWtØm-sSm-∏w-- \S°p-∂p-≠v.- P¥p-°fp-sSbpwkky-ßfp-sSbpw- \n-e\n¬-]v- ]ckv-]cw- ]q-cIam-bn-´m-sW∂¿∞w.- P¥p-°fn-s√¶n¬- kky-ßƒ-t°m-,- Xn-cn-t®m- \n-e\n¬°m≥- Ign-bm-Ø Ahkv-Y.- kky-Pm-eßfp-sS \n-e\n¬-]n-\v]n∂n¬- Irjn-°m-c\pw- ]£n-im-kv{- XPvR - \pw- Htct]m-se {kjvSm-hn-s≥-d Akv-Xn-Xzw- A\p-`hn-®dn-bp-∂p.- hn-ip-≤ Jp¿-B≥tNmZn-°p-∂p: "F∂m¬- \n-ßƒ- Irjn-sNøp-∂Xn-s\°p-dn-®v\nßƒ- Nn-¥n-®p-t\m-°n-bn-´p-t≠m?- \n-ßfm-tWm- AXv- ap-f∏n-®vhf¿-Øp-∂Xv.- AX√,- \m-amtWm- AXv- ap-f∏n-®v- hf¿-Øp-∂h≥?'3.1. Jp¿-B≥- 23: 21 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 66 3. Jp¿-B≥- 56: 63, 64

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

hn-Øv- Ip-gn-®n-Sp-∂ Irjn-°m-c\v- AXv- ap-f®v- hf¿-∂v- D¬-]m-Z\ £aam-°p-∂Xn¬- au-en-Iam-b bm-sXm-cp- ]¶p-an-√.- hn-Øn-s≥-d _o-PtIm-iØn-se Po-\p-Ifn¬- tcJs∏Sp-Øs∏´ hy-hkv-Yb\pkcn-®m-Wv- kky-hf¿-® \S°p-∂Xv.- B hy-hkv-Y- Xo¿-ØpwssZhn--Ias{X."AXv (sh≈w-) aq-ew- [m-\y-hn-fIfpw- Heo-hpw- Cu-Ø∏\bpwap-¥n-cn-Ifpw- Ah≥- \n-ßƒ°v- ap-f∏n-®p-Xcp-∂p.- F√m-Øcwêh¿-Kß - fpw- (Ah≥- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-®p-Xcp-∂p-).- Nn-¥n-°p-∂ BfpIƒ-°v- Xo¿-®bm-bp-w- AXn¬- Zrjv-Sm-¥ap-≠v'.-1 Im¿-jn-Ihn-fIfp-sSbpw- P¥p-h¿-K-ßfp-sSbpsa√mw- \n-e\n¬]n-\m-hiyam-b kPvP - o-IcWßƒ- {]IrXn-bn¬- Xs∂bp-≠v.- `qankz-bw- {àWw-sNøp-∂Xv- 23.50 sNcn-™n-´m-Wv.- Cu- sNcn-hm-WvEXp-t`Zßƒ-°v- Im-cWam-Ip-∂Xv.- EXp-t`Zßfm-Wt√m- `q-an-sb Irjn-°v- ]‰n-b {Klam-°n- am-‰p-∂Xv.- `q-an-sb Po-hn-Xt- bm-Ky-am°p-∂Xn¬- ag°p-≈ ]¶v- AXn-{][m-\am-Wv.- `q-an-bn-se kap{Z ßfn¬-\n-∂pw- Pem-ibßfn¬-\n-∂pw- kq-cy-Xm-]ta‰v- sh≈w- \ocmhn-bm-bnam-dn- A¥co-£Øn-te°v- Dbcp-∂p.- A¥co-£Øn-se s]m-Sn-]Seßƒ-°-v Np-‰pw- ]‰n-°q-Sn- \o-cm-hn- L\o-`hn-°p∂p.- Iptd tbsd \o-≠Xpw- k¶o¿-Whp-am-b {]{In-bbn-eq-sSbm-Wv- Cßs\ L\o-`hn-® taLßfn¬-\n-∂v- agbp-≠m-Ip-∂Xv.- I≠p-]n-Sn-°s∏´ BIm-itKm-fßfn¬- `q-an-sbm-gn-®v- as‰m-∂n-epw- Cu- cq-]Øn¬agbp-≠m-Ip-∂n-√.- `q-an-bn¬- Po-h≥- \n-e\n¿-Øm≥-th≠n- {kjvSm-hp-≠m-°n-b Hcp- {]tXy-I kw-hn-[m-\am-Wv- agsb∂ hkvX - p-X Im-em-hkvY - m-\n-co-£I\pw- I¿-jI\p-w- Hcp-t]m-se a\ n-em-°m≥Ign-bpw.- agtbm-S\p-_\v-[n-®p-≈ CSn-an-∂¬-t]m-epw- `q-an-bn-se Im¿jn- I hn- f Iƒ- ° v - Kp- W Zm- b Iam- W v . - A¥co- £ Øn- s e ss\{SPs\ kky-ßƒ-°v- D]tbm-Kn-°m≥- ]‰p-∂ ss\{SP≥kwbp-IX v- ßfm-°n- am-‰p-∂Xn¬- {][m-\s∏´ ]¶p-hln-°p-∂Xv- CSnan∂em-Wv.- Ch Hcp- h¿-jØn-¬- ]Øp-tIm-Sn- S¨- ss\{SP≥hfßƒ- (kky-ßƒ-°v- D]tbm-Kn-°m≥- ]‰p-∂ co-Xn-bn-ep-≈ ss\{SP≥- an-{in-Xßƒ-) D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠s{X2.1. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 11 2. tem-IØv- sam-Øw- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°s∏Sp-∂ cm-khfßfp-sS ]Øn-cń-bm-Wn-Xv.-

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

agbpw- CSn-an-∂ep-sa√mw- ]S®Xºp-cm-s≥-d Akv-Xn-Xz-Øn-\p≈ sXfn-hm-sW∂m-Wv- hn-ip-≤Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv.- "`bhpwBibpw- Dfhm-°n-sIm-≠v- \n-ßƒ-°v- an-∂¬- Im-Wn-®p-Xcp-∂XpwBIm-iØp-\n-∂v- sh≈w- sNm-cn-bp-Ibpw- AXp-aq-ew- \n-ßƒ-°Xns≥-d \n¿-Po-hm-hkvY - bv° - v- t- ijw- Po-h≥- \¬-Ip-Ibpw-sNøp-∂XvAhs≥-d Zrjv-Sm-¥ßfn¬-s∏´Xs{X.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- AXn¬-Nn¥n-®p-a\ n-em-°p-∂ P\ßƒ-°v- Zrjv-Sm-¥ap-≠v'-.1`q-an-bp-sS A¥co-£amWv- \ap-s°√mw- Chn-sS Po-hn-°m≥th≠ kp-c£n-XXzw- {]Zm-\w-sNøp-∂ as‰m-cp- LSIw-.- kq-cy\n¬\n-∂p- hcp-∂ am-cIam-b Aƒ-{Sm-hbe‰v- civ-an-Isfbpw- a‰pw- XS ™p-\n¿-Øp-Ibpw- \n¿-tZm-jn-Ifpw- `q-an-bn¬- Po-h≥- \n-e\n¬°m≥- Bhiy-ap-≈Xp-am-b civ-an-Isf ISØn-hn-Sp-Ibpw- sNbvXp-sIm-≠v- `q-an-°p- ap-Ifn¬- Acn-∏t]m-se {]h¿-Øn-°p-∂ Hm tkm¨- ]m-fn-bm-Wv- `q-an-bn¬- Po-h≥- \n-e\n¬-°p-hm-\m-hiy-amb km-lNcyw- krjv-Sn-°p-∂Xv.- `q-an-bn-te°v- ]Xn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ D¬-°Isf L¿-jWw- aq-ew- Icn-®p-If™v- \in-∏n-°p-∂XpwA¥co-£w-Xs∂bm-Wv.- A¥co-£w- F√m- A¿-Y-Øn-ep-w- \ΩpsSsbm-cpta¬-°q-cXs∂.- Cu- ta¬-°q-c°v- Xm-sg Po-hn-°p-∂ \ap-°v- \Ωp-sS {kjv-Sm-hn-s\ Adn-bm≥- A¥co-£Øn¬- \Ωp sS \n-e\n¬-]n-\v- th≠n- kw-hn-[m-\°s∏´n-´p-≈ Im-cy-ßsf°p dn-®v- A¬-]w- Nn-¥n-®m¬-aXn.- Jp¿-B≥- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-: "\n-ßƒ°p-th≠n- `q-an-sb saØbpw- D]cn-tem-IsØ ta¬-°q-cbp-am°p-Ibpw- D]cn-`m-KØp-\n-∂p-≈ sh≈w- sNm-cn-™p-X∂n-´v- AXpap-tJ\ \n-ßƒ-°v- `£n-°p-hm-\p-≈ Im-bvI\n-Iƒ- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n®vXcn-Ibpw- sNbvX - (\m-Y≥-).- AXn-\m¬- Adn-™p-sIm-≠v- \n-ßƒA√m-lp-hn-\v- ka∑m-sc D≠m-°cp-Xv'2.\ap-°p-Np-‰pw- Po-hn-°p-∂ \Ωp-sS klPo-hn-Ifn-tem-tcm-∂pw{kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d ssh`hw- hn-fn-t®m-Xp-∂hbm-Wv.- {]m-Wn-Ifn-se F©n-\o-b¿- F∂p- hn-tijn-∏n-°m-hp-∂ tX\o-®sb°p-dn-®v- ]Tn®m-¬- am-{XwaXn,- Nn-¥n-°p-∂h¿-°v- k¿-hiIvX - s≥-d BkvX - nIywt_m-[y-am-Ipw.- Ip-d™ sagp-Ipw- Ip-d™ A[zm-\hpw- D]tbm1. Jp¿-B≥- 30: 24 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 22

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Kn-®p-sIm-≠v- Dd∏n-\v- A¬-]w-t]m-epw- tIm-´w-X´m-sX G‰hpw- IqSpX¬- AdIfp-≠m-°m≥- tX\o-®Iƒ-°v- km-[n-°pw.- tX\o-®°qSp-Ifp-sS Py-m-an-Xo-bam-b IrXy-X im-kv-{XPv-R∑m-sc A¬-`pXs∏Sp-Øp-∂p.- tX\o-®kaq-lØn¬- Im-Wp-∂ sXm-gn¬- hn` P\hpw- A¬-`p-Xm-hlam-Wv.- tX≥- tiJcn-°m≥- Hcp-Iq-´¿-; {]Xyp¬-]m-Z\w- \SØm≥- as‰m-cp-Iq-´¿-; Iq-Sp-≠m-°m≥- Hcp-hn`m-Kw-; Iq-Sp-Im-°m≥- as‰m-cp- hn-`m-Kw-; Cßs\bm-Wv- tX\o-®kaqlØn-s≥-d sXm-gn¬- hn-`P\w.- Xßfp-sS _m-[y-XIƒ- Po-h≥_en-Ign-∏n-®pw- \n¿hln-°p-∂hbm-Wv- tX\o-®Iƒ.- Ah XΩnep-≈ Bibhn-\n-abco-Xn- hn-kv-abm-hlam-Wv.- tX≥- tXSn- ]pd Øp-t]m-Ip-∂ tX\o-® Xn-cn-s®Øn-btijw- tX\n-cn-°p-∂ kvY esØ°p-dn-®v- a‰v- tX\o-®Iƒ-°v- hn-hcw- \¬-Im≥-th≠n- Hcp{]tXy-Ico-Xn-bn-ep-≈ \rØam-Wv- D]tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv.- "hnw-KvƒUm≥-kv' F∂dn-bs∏Sp-∂ \rØØn¬- \n¿-an-°p-∂ hrØß fpsS BIrXn-bpw- Ncn-hpw-I≠v- a‰v- tX\o-®Iƒ- tX\n-cn-°p-∂ kv-YetØ°v- F{XZq-cap-s≠∂pw- GXv- Zn-ibn-em-W-sX∂pw- a\ n-em-°p-∂p.- Ah hn-k¿-Pn-°p-∂ tX≥- kn-≤Hu-j[am-sW∂ Im-cyw- kp-hn-ZnXam-Wt√m.- tX\o-® Cu- Ign-hp-Isfm-∂pw-- Xs∂ kz-¥am-bnhf¿-Øn-sbSp-ØX√.- AXn-s≥-d hfsc sNdn-b akv Xn-jv-Iap-]tbm-Kn-®v- Nn-¥n-®v- Im-cy-ßƒ- I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥- tX\o®Iƒ-°m-hp-Ibp-an-√.- ]n-s∂ Bcm-Whbv° - v- Cu- Ign-hp-Iƒ- \¬Ip-∂Xv?- DØcw- "tX\o-®sb krjv-Sn-®h≥-'- F∂p-am-{Xam-Wv.hn-ip-≤Jp¿-B≥- ]d™sX{X icn! "-\n-s≥-d \m-Y≥- tX\o-®Iƒ°v- C{]Im-cw- t_m-[\w- \¬-Ip-Ibpw- sNbv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p-: aeIfnepw- acßfn-epw- a\p-jy≥- sI´n-bp-b¿-Øp-∂Xn-epw- \o- ]m¿-∏nSßfp-≠m-°n-s°m-≈p-I.- F√m-Øcw- ^eßfn¬-\n-∂pw- `£n®p-sIm-≈p-I.- F∂n-´v- \n-s‚ c£n-Xm-hv- ku-Icy-{]Zam-bn- Hcp°n-Ø∂n-´p-≈ am¿-Kßfn¬- \o- {]thin-®p-sIm-≈p-I.- AhbpsS DZc-ßfn¬-\n-∂v- hy-Xy-kv-X h¿-Wßfn-ep-≈ ]m-\o-bw- ]pd Øp-hcp-∂p.- AXn-¬- a\p-jy¿-°v- tcm-Kia\ap-≠v.- Nn-¥n-°p-∂ Bfp-Iƒ-°v- AXn¬- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- Zrjv-Sm-¥ap-≠v'1.GXp- Po-hn-Isf FSp-Øm-epw- kv-Yn-Xn- CXp-Xs∂bm-Wv.1. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 68, 69

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

Icbn¬- Po-hn-°p-∂ sNdp-Xpw- hep-Xpam-b Po-hn-Iƒ-; sh≈Øn¬Po-hn-°p-∂h; ]d°pw- ]dh-Iƒ.- Chsb√mw- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d Bkv-Xn-Iyw- \ap-°v- hy-Iv-X-am-°n-Øcp-∂p."F√m- P¥p-°sfbpw- A√m-lpsh≈Øn¬-\n-∂v- krjv-Sn-®ncn-°p-∂p.- Ahbp-sS Iq-´Øn¬- DZcØn-t∑¬- Cg™p-\S°p∂hb-p-≠v.- c≠p-Im-en¬- \S°p-∂hbpw- Ahbn-ep-≠v.- \m-ep-Imen¬- \S°p-∂hbpw- Ahbn-ep-≠v.- A√m-lp- Xm≥- Dt±in-°p∂Xv- krjv-Sn-°p-∂p.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- A√m-lp- F√m-Im-cy-Øn-\pwIgn-hp-≈h\m-Ip-∂p.-'1 a\p-jy-cp-sS ssZ\-w-Zn-\Po-hn-Xhp-am-bn- _\v-[s∏Sp-∂ BImitKm-fßfm-b kq-cy-\pw- N{µ\pw- Fs∂∂pw- a\p-jy-sc A¬`pX ]cX{¥cm-°n-bn-´p-≠v.- kq-tcym-Zbhpw- AkvX - abhp-am-bn-cp∂p]p-cm-X\ a\p-jy-sc AXv-`- p-Xs∏Sp-Øn-sb¶n¬- kq-cy\n¬- \S°p ∂ {]h¿-Ø\ßfpw- AXn-s≥-d kv-Ym-\hp-sa√m-am-Wv- B[p-\nI a\p-jy-sc AXv` - p-Xs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv. ku-cm-¥¿-`m-KsØ Du-jva - mhvGItZiw- 65 e£w- Un-{Kn- sk¬-jy-km-Wv.- Hcp- NXp-c{i C©n¬- Chn-sS A\p-`hs∏Sp-∂ a¿-Z-w- Hcp- e£w- ]u-≠v-! kuchkvX - p-hn-s≥-d `m-cw,- Hcp- NXp-c{iIntem-ao-‰dn-\v- 703.-1 e£wtIm-Sn- Intem-{Km-am-Wv.- ku-cbq-YØn-se Du¿-PØn-s≥-d t{kmX m-b kq-cy-\n¬- Du¿-tPm¬-]m-Z\w- \S°p-∂Xv- - \yq-¢n-b¿^yq-j≥- (ssl{UP≥- t_m-w-_n¬- \S°p-∂ {]h¿-Ø\w-) hgnbm-Wv.- AYhm- Hm-tcm- sk°≥-dn-epw- Bbn-c°W°n-\v- ssl {UP≥- t_m-w-_v- kvt^m-S\ßƒ- \S∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibm-Wv.Ahn-sS Hcp- sk°≥-Un¬- D¬-]-m-Zn-∏n-°s∏Sp-∂ Du¿-Pw- 1023 Pq- ƒ - BWv . 2 £o- c ]Ysa∂ (milky way) Xm- c m- k aql (galaxy)Øn-se Aw-Kam-Wv- kq-cy≥.- Xm-cm-kaq-lØn-s≥-d tI{µØn¬-\n-∂v- GItZiw- 32000 {]Im-ih¿-jw- AIsebm-Wvkq-cy≥- kv-Yn-Xn-sNøp-∂Xv.- kq-cy≥- AXn-s≥d Xm-cm-kaqltI{µsØ hrØm-Im-cm-am-b ]YØn-eq-sS {`aWw- sNbv-XpsIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.- Cu- {`aWØn-s≥-d thKX sk°≥-dn¬- 250 1. Jp¿-B≥- 24: 45 2. C∂sØ \n-c°n¬- ]Xn-\m-bn-cw- h¿-jtØ°v- `q-an-°v- ap-gp-h\m-hiy-am-b sshZyp-Xn- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n-°m≥- Hcp- sk°≥-dv- t\cw- kq-cy-\n¬- D¬-]m-Zn-∏n°s∏Sp-∂ Du¿-Pv-Pw-sIm≠v- km-[n-°pw.

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Intem-ao-‰dm-Wv.- Xm-cm-kaq-ltI{µsØ Hcp- {]m-hiyw- Np-‰m≥kq-cy-s\Sp-°p-∂ kabØn-∂m-Wv-˛25 tIm-Sn-h¿-jw-˛Hcp- tIm-kvan-Iv- h¿-j(cosmic year)sa∂v- ]dbp-∂Xv.-Cßs\ kq-cy-s\°pdn-®v- ]Tn-°p-w-tXm-dpw- k¿-∆iIv-Xs≥-d APøX \ap-°v- Iq-Sp-X¬Iq-Sp-X¬- a\ n-em-Ip-∂p.- Ah≥- I¬-]n-®p-sh® IW°p-IƒA\p-kcn-®m-Wv- kq-cy-N{µ∑m¿- Nen-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv.- {]kvXp-X IW°p-Iƒ- Hcn-°epw- sX‰p-Ibn-√.- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xvt\m-°p-I: "kq-cy≥- AXn-∂v- kv-Yn-cam-bp-≈ Hcp- kv-Ym-\tØ°vk©cn-°p-∂p.- {]Xm-]n-bpw- k¿-hP - vR - \p-am-b A√m-lp- IW°m1 °n-bXm-Wn-Xv'"Ahs\{X cm-{Xn,- ]I¬,- kq-cy≥,- N{µ≥- F∂n-hsb krjvSn-®Xv.- Hm-tcm-∂pw- Hm-tcm- {àW ]YØn-eq-sS \o-¥n- (k©cn®p) sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p'-.-2 -{]]©Øn-s≥-d hn-kvX - rXn-bpw- AXn¬- \Ωp-sS kvY - m-\hpadn -bp-∂ a\p-jy≥- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- {kjv-Sm-hn-\p- ap-ºn¬- \{ain-ckvI-\m-bn-t∏m-Ipw.- {]]©Øn¬- Bbn-c°W°n-\v- ¢kv-‰dp-Iƒ; Hmtcm- ¢kv-‰dn-epw- Bbn-c°W°n-\v- Km-eIv-kn-Iƒ;- Hm-tcm- Kme Ivk - n-bn-epw- tIm-Sn-°W°n-\v- \£{Xßƒ; ]ƒ-km-dp-Iƒ-; Izmkmdp-Iƒ-; s\_p-eIƒ-; Xtam-K¿-Øßƒ.- Km-eIv-kn-Ifn-sem-∂mb £o-c]YØn-se Hcw-Kam-Wv- kq-cy≥.- hym-]v-Xn-bn¬- `q-an-bpsS ]Xn-aq-∂c e£w- Ccń-bm-Wv- kq-cy≥.- GItZiw- ]Xn-aq∂c e£w- `q-an-Isf kq-cy-\p-≈n¬- ASp-°n-sh°m-sa∂¿-Y-w.- kqcys≥-d e£°W°n-\v- Ccń- hep-∏ap-≈ \£{Xßfpw- £oc] YØn-ep-≠v.- Hcp- CSØcw- \£{Xam-b kq-cy-\p-Np-‰pw- Np-‰n-Øncnbp-∂ HºXv- {Klßƒ.-- kq-cy-s\bpw- {Klßsfbpw- Iq-Sm-sX D]{Klßƒ-,- [q-atIXp-°ƒ,- £p-{Z{Klßƒ,- D¬-°Iƒ- XpS ßn-bhbpw- ku-cbq-YØn-se Aw-Kßfm-Wv.- HºXv- {Klßfn sem-∂m-Wv- `q-an.- `q-an-bn-se Bbn-c°W°n-\v- Po-hPm-eßfn-sem cp- h¿-K-am-Wv- \ch¿-K-w.- a\p-jy-h¿-K-Øn-se tIm-Sn-°W°n-\vAw-Kßfn¬- Hm-tcm-cp-Øcm-Wv- \Ωsf√mw.- ¢kv‰ - dp-Isfbpw- Kme Ivk - n-Isfbpw- \£{Xßsfbpw- kq-cy-s\bpw- {Klßsfbpw- `qan1. Jp¿-B≥- 36: 38 2. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 33

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

sbbpw- Po-hPm-eßsfbpw- a\p-jy-s\bpw- ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂ almssNX\y-Øn-\p- ap-∂n¬- \Ωtfm-tcm-cp-Øcp-sSbpw- Ign-hp-IfpwiIv-Xn-bpw- F{Xam-{Xw- \n- m-cam-sW∂ t_m-[w- Ahsb°pdn®v]Tn-°p-tºmƒ- \Ωfn-ep-≠m-Ip-∂p.- Cu- t_m-[w- a\p-jy-sc {kjv Smhn-\p- ap-∂n¬- \{ain-ckv-Icm-°p-∂p.- hn-ip-≤Jp¿-B≥- ]d™ Xs{X icn.- "BIm-i `q-an-Ifp-sS krjv-Sn-bn-epw- cm-∏Iep-Ifp-sS am-‰Øn-epw- a\p-jy¿-°p-]Im-c{]Zam-b hkvX - p-°fp-am-bn- ISeneqsS k©cn-°p-∂ I∏en-epw- BIm-iØp- \n-∂v- A√m-lp- ag sNm-cn-™p-X∂n-´v- \n¿-Po-hm-hkv-Ybv-°v- tijw- `qan-°v- AXp- ap tJ\ Po-h≥- \¬-InbXn-epw- Im‰p-Ifp-sS KXn-{IaØn-epw- BImi`q-an-Iƒ-°n-Sbn-eq-sS \n-b{¥n-®v- \bn-°s∏Sp-∂ taLØn-epwNn-¥n-°p-∂ P\ßƒ-°v- ]e Zrjv-Sm-¥ßfp-ap-≠v-; Xo¿-®'.--1 "B-Im-i-`q-an-I-fp-sS- B-[n-]-Xy-c-l-ky-sØ-∏-‰n-bpw- A-√m-lpkr-jv-Sn-®- G-sXm-cp- h-kv-Xp-sh-∏-‰n-bpw- A-h-cp-sS- A-h-[n- A-Sp Øn-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°mw- F-∂-Xn-s\-∏-‰n-bpw- A-h¿- Nn-¥n-®p- t\m-°nbn-t√?-'-2 "D-]-cn-tem-Iß-fpw- `q-an-bpwap-d-{]-Im-cw- A-√m-lpkr-jv-Sn-®ncn°p-∂p.- Xo¿-®-bm-bpw- k-Xy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- A-Xn¬- Zr-j-vSm¥ ßfp≠v.3\-ap-°p- Np-‰p-ap-≈- h-kv-Xp-°-fn-te-°pw- \-Ωn-te-°p-X-s∂-bpwt\m-°n-s°m-≠v- {k-jv-Sm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p- a-\- n-em-°m-\m-Wv- Jp¿B≥- ]-Tn-∏n-°p-∂X - v.- A-‘a - m-b- hn-izm-kØ - n-\v- A-Xv- t{]-cn-∏n°p -∂n-√.- C-kv-emw- a-\p-jy-_p-≤n-tbm-Sm-Wv- kw-km-cn-°p-∂-Xv. {]-] ©-Øn-se- sN-dp-Xpw- h-ep-X-p-am-b- G-Xp- h-kv-Xp-hn-s\-bpw- Nqgv∂p\n¬-°p-∂- hn-kv-a-b-I-c-am-b- hy-h-kv-Y- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-®p- sIm-≠m Wv- {]-]-©-\m-Y-s≥-d- A-kv-Xn-Xz°p-dn-®- A-h-t_m-[-Ønte-°vh-n-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- a-\p-jy-sc- \-bn-°p-∂-Xv.-

G-I-ssZ-hw-:{]m-]-©n-I-{]-Xn-`m-kßƒ- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-®p-sIm-≠v- k¿-h-iIvX - \ - m-b- {k-jvS- m-hn-s≥-d- A-kvX - n-Xzw- kvY - m-]n-°p-∂- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 164 2. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 185 3. Jp¿-B≥- 29: 44

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

100

B≥- _-lp-ssZ-h-k¶-¬-]-Øn-s≥-d- \n-c¿-YI -- -X-bn-te-°p- hn-c¬Nq-≠p-∂-Xpw- {]-Ir-Xn-bn-se- Xm-f-{I-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- kq-Nn-∏n-®psIm-≠m-Wv.- a-\p-jy-i-c-o-c-Øn-se- Hm-tcm- hy-h-kv-Y-bpw- ]-c-kv-]cw_-\v-[-s∏-´m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- hy-Xy-kv-X- P-¥p-Pm-e-ßƒ- X-Ωn-ep≈- _-\v-[w- kp-hn-Zn-X-am-W-t√m. sN-dp-Xpw- h-ep-Xp-am-b P-¥p-°ƒ]-c-kv-]-cw- B-{i-bn-®m-Wv- P-o-hn-°p-∂-Xv.- P-¥p-°-fpw- k-ky-ßfpwkz-¥w- \n-e-\n¬-∏n-\p-th-≠n- ]-c-kv-]-cw- B-{i-bn-°p-∂p.- P-¥p°-fn-s√-¶n¬- k-ky-ßƒ-t°m- k-ky-ßf - n-s√-¶n¬- P-¥p°ƒ-t°m\n-e\ - n¬-°m≥- km-[n-°m-Ø- co-Xn-bn-em-Wv- `q-an- kw-hn-[m-\n-°s∏´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- Hm-tcm- Po-hn-Iƒ-°pw- hy-Xy-kv-X- {k-jv-Sm-°-fm-bncp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- A-h- X-Ωn-ep-≈- ]m-c-kv-]-cyw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-am-bncp-∂n-√.- k-ky-ß-fpsS- {k-jv-Sm-hpw- P-¥p-°-fpsS- {k-jv-S-m-hpw- Xß-fn-NvO - n-°p-∂- co-Xn-bn¬- A-hs - b- \n-b{- ¥n-®ncp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- Bc-≠p- hn-`m-K-hpw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.- Cu- h-kv-Xp-X-bn-te°v- Jp¿-B≥- sh-fn-®w -ho-ip-∂-Xv- t\m-°p-I- "A√m-lp- bm-sXmcp- k-¥m-\-sØ-bpw- kzo-I-cn-®n-´n-√.- A-h-t\m-sSm-∏w- bm-sXm-cpssZ-h-- hp-ap-≠m-bn-´p-an-√.- A-ß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- Hm-tcm- ssZh-hpw- Xm≥- kr-jv-Sn-®-Xp-am-bn- s]m-bv-°-f-bp-I-bpw- Ah-cn¬- Nne¿- Nn-es - c- A-Sn-®a - ¿-Øp-Ib - pw- sN-øp-am-bn-cp-∂p.- \n-ßƒ-]d - ™ p1 ≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬- \n-s∂-√mw- A-√m-lp- F-{X- ]-cn-ip≤≥'! Cu- Xm-f{- I-aw- {]m-]© - n-Ih - y-hk - vY - bn-ep-S\ - o-fw- Im-Ws - ∏-Sp∂psh-∂-Xm-Wv- h-kv-Xp-X.- ]-Zm¿-Y-Øn-s≥-d- G-‰-hpw- sN-dn-b- I-Wamb- B-‰Ø - n-\I - s - Ø- C-eI - vt{S-mW - p-If - pw- t{]mt´m-Wp-If - pw- \yqt{SmWp-I-fpw- aotkm-Wp-I-fpw- t]m-kn-t{Sm-Wp-I-fp-sa-√mw- X-Ωn-ep-≈]m-c-kv-]-cyw- hn-kv-a-bm-h-l-am-Wv.- kv-Yq-e-{]-]-©-Øn-s≥-d- Im-cyØn-epw- kv-Yn-Xn- C-Xp-X-s∂.- {]m-]-©n-I- \n-b-a-ß-fp-sS- sF-Iy cq]yw- A-h-sbsb-√mw- kr-jv-S-n-®-Xv- H-tc- {k-jv-Sm-hv- X-s∂-bmsW∂- h-kv-Xp-X- hy-Iv-X-am-°p-∂p.- hy-Xy-kv-X- ssZ-h-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p{]-]© - Ø - n-se- hy-Xy-kvX - - {]-Xn- ` - m-kß - ƒ-°p- ]n-∂n-se-¶n¬- AhX-Ωn¬- Xm-f-s∏m-cp-Øw- D-≠m-hp-∂-sX-ß-s\-bm-Wv? kv-Y-e-Imess\-c-¥-cy-Øn¬- {Z-hy-ap-≠m-°p-∂- h-f-hp-I-fm-Wv- {]-]-©-Øn¬C-∂p- Im-W-s∏-Sp-∂- {]-Xn-`m-k-ß-fp-sS-sb-√mw- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\-Im-c 1. Jp¿-B≥- 23: 91

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

101

W-sa-∂- sF≥-kv-‰-bn-s≥-d- B-t]-£n-I-Xm-kn-≤m-¥w Aw-Ko-Icn®m¬- h-y-Xy-kv-X- {]m-]-©n-Ih-kv-Xp-°-sf-sb-√mw- {]-kv-Xp-X- \nba-Øn-\v- hn-t[b-\m-°n-b- G-I-\m-b- {k-jv-Sm-hn-s≥-d- A-kv-Xn-XzwA-w-Ko-I-cn-t°-≠n-h-cpw.- H-scm-‰- {]m-]-©n-I-h-kv-Xp- t]m-ep-w- {]kvXp-X- \n-b-a-Øn-\-Xo-X-a-s√-∂m-W-t√m- sF≥-kv-‰bn≥- kn-≤m-¥n ®Xv.- hy-Xy-kv-X- B-Im-i-tKm-f-ßƒ-°v- h-y-Xy-kv-X- {k-jv-Sm-°fm-bn-cp-∂p- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂s - X-¶n¬- A-h- X-Ωn¬- Iq-´n-bn-Sn-®p- Ft∂m \-in-®p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.- {]-]-©-Øn-s≥-d- B-[n-]-Xy-Øn¬- H∂nte-sd- i-Iv-Xn-Iƒ-°v- ]-¶p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- A-h-cp-sS- Xm¬]cy-ßƒ- X-Ωn-ep-≈- kw-L-´-\w-{]-]-©-Øn-s≥-d-bm-sI- \m-i-Øn\vIm-cW - a - m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p.-- Cu- h-kvX - p-Xb - n-te-°v- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿B≥kq-N-\- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv- {i-≤n-°p-I.- "B-Im-i- `q-an-I-fn¬- A-√m-lph-√m-Ø- ssZ-hß - f - p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬- A-Xv- c-≠pw- X-Ic - m-dmIpam-bn-cp-∂p.- A-t∏mƒ- knw-lm-k-\-Øn-s≥-d- \m-Y-\m-b- A-√m-lp,A-h¿- ]-d-™p-≠m-°p-∂-Xn¬- \n-s∂-√mw- F-{X- ]-cn-ip-≤-\mIp∂p!'1 kq-£v-a-hpw- kv-Yq-e-hp-am-b- k-I-e-am-\- h-kv-Xp-°-fp-sS-bpw- {k jv-Sm-hpw- kw-c-£-I-\pw- \n-b-¥m-hpw- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\pw- k¿-h-PvR\p-am-bh - \ - m-Wv- A-√m-lp.- C-Xv- H-cp- Ip-es - sZ-hØ - n-s≥d-tbm- tKm{XssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d-tbm- t]-c-√.- F-√m- tZ-i-°m-cp-sS-bpw- `m-j-°m-cpsSbpw- h¿-K-°m-cp-sS-bpw- b-Ym¿-Y-am-b- ssZ-h-Øn-s≥-d- t]-cm-Wv A√mlp.- {k-j-vSm-hpw- {]-]-©-I¿-Øm-hp-am-b- ssZ-h-Øn-\v- h-yXykv-X- `-m-j-I-fn¬- hy-Xy-kv-X- t]-cp-I-fp-]tbm-Kn-®-Xm-b-n- Im-Wm≥I-gn-bpw.- kw-kv-Ir-X-Øn¬- "]-c-{_-lv-aw'- F-∂pw- "]-c-am-Xv-am-hv'F-∂p-am-Wv- k¿-h-i-Iv-X-\pw- k¿-h-tem-I- {kjv-Sm-hp-am-b- ssZ-hØn-\v- ]-db - p-∂- t]-sc-∂v- D-]\ - n-jØ - p-If - n-sehn-hc - W - ß - ƒ- hmbn®m¬- t_m-[y-am-hpw.- ]-g-b-\n-b-a- ss_-_-n-fn¬- ]e- t]-cp-I-fnepw{k-jv-Sm-hm-b- ssZ-hw- A-`n-kw-t_-m-[-\- sN-ø-s∏-´-Xm-bn- Im-Wm≥I-gn-bpw.- G¬,- F-tem-lnw,- G¬-i-±m-bn,- G¬- G-teym≥,- A-tUmWm-bn,- bm-lv,- b-tlmh- Xp-S-ßn-b- \m-a-ß-sf-√mw- k¿-h-i-Iv-X\mb- ssZ-hØ - n-\v- \¬-Is - ∏-´n-´p-≠v.- tb-ip-hn-s≥-d- D-]t- Z-iß - s - fm∂pwA-t±-l-Øn-s≥-d- `m-j-bm-b- A-c-am-b- `m-j-bn¬- F-gp-X-s∏-Sm-Ø1. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 22

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

102

Xn-\m¬- A-t±-lw- F-ß-s\-bm-Wv- ssZ-h-sØ- kw-t_m-[-\- sNbvX-sX-∂v- a-\- n-em-°m≥- \n¿-hm-l-an-√.- F-¶n-epw "F-tem-ln'F∂m-bn-cn-°pw- A-t±-lw- ssZ-h-sØ- kw-t_m-[-\-sN-bv-X-sX-∂m Wv- ss_-_nƒ- ]-fin-X∑ - m-cp-sS- A-`n-{]m-bw.- k¿-hi - I - vX - \ - pw- k¿h-tem-I- {k-jv-Sm-hp-am-b- ssZ-h-sØ- hn-fn-°p-hm≥- Jp¿-B≥- D-] tbm-Kn-®- ]-Zw- "A-√m-lp'- F-∂-m-Wv.- "k-I-ehn-[- B-cm-[-\-I-fpwb-Ym¿-Y-Ø-n¬- A¿-ln-°p-∂-h≥'- F-∂m-Wv- "A-√m-lp-'-hns≥-d[mXzm¿-Y-sa-∂m-Wv- `m-jm-]-fin-X-∑m-cp-sS- ]-£w.- "A-√m-lpsh∂- ]-Z-Øn-\v- Xp-ey-am-bn- a-‰p- `m-j-I-fn-sem-∂pw- X-s∂- H-‰-hm-°pI-fn-s√-∂v- ]-d-bp-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v.- A-sX-¥m-bn-cp-∂m-epw- "bYm¿-YØn-ep-≈- ssZ-hw'- F-∂- A¿-Y-Øn--em-Wv.- G-sX-¶n-epw- {]-tXyIhn-`m-K-Øn-s≥-d- ssZ-h-sa-∂- A¿Y-Ø-n-e-√- Jp¿-B≥- "A-√m-lp'sh-∂v- {]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂p-d-∏m-Wv.-

A-√m-lp-hn-s≥-d- k-Ø-:{]-]-©w- kr-jv-Sn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xv- ]Zm¿-Y-ßƒ- sIm-≠m-Wv.- ]Zm¿-Y-Øn-s≥-d- A-Sn-kv-Ym-\- kz-`m-h-am-Wv- A-Xn-s≥-d- _-lpXzw(multiplicty). G-I-sa-∂v- F-√m- A¿-Y-Øn-epw- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m≥]-‰n-b- bm-sXm-∂pw- X-s∂- ]-Zm¿-Yt- em-IØ - n-√.- ]-Zm¿-Yw- - ]-S°s∏´- au-en-I-I-W-ß-sf- A-t\z-jn-®v- sN-∂- A-Wp-ù-Xn-Iw- C-s∂Øn-t®¿-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- au-en-I-I-W-sa-∂v- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m≥- ]-‰p∂- bm-sXm∂pw- X-s∂-bn-s√-∂ h-kv-Xp-X-bn-em-Wv.- aq-e-I-ßƒhy-Xy-kv-X- A-\p-]m-X-Øn¬- Iq-Sn-t®¿-∂mWv- - hy-Xy-k-vX- h-kv-Xp°-fp-≠m-hp-∂-Xv.- B-‰-ßƒ- Iq-Sn-t®¿-∂mWv- X-∑m-{X-I-fp-≠m-hp∂-Xv.- C-e-Iv-t{Sm¨,- t{]m-t´m¨,- \yqt{Sm¨,- ao-tkm¨,- t]m-knt{Sm¨- Xp-S-ßn-b- I-W-ß-fm-Wv- B-‰-Øn-ep-≈-Xv.- C-h- au-e-n-II-Wß - fm-sW-∂m-bn-cp-∂p- hn-iz-kn-°s - ∏-ń-cp-∂X - v.- F-∂m¬,- Chbpw- Iz-m¿-°p-Iƒ- sIm-≠p- \n¿a-n-°-s∏-´-Xm-sW-∂pw- I-zm¿-°pIƒ°v- kz-X-{¥-am-bn- \n-e\n¬-°m-\m-hn-s√-∂p-am-Wv- ]p-Xn-b- NneKth-j-W-ß-ƒ- Im-Wn-°p-∂-Xv.- au-e-n-I-I-W-sa-∂v- hn-fn-°m-hp-∂bm-sXm-∂pw- ]-Zm¿-Y-tem-I-Øn-en-s√-∂m-W-t√m- C-Xn¬- \n-∂v- a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠m-Wv- B-[p-\n-I- -ù-Xn-I-Pv-R-cn¬Nn-e¿- _-lp-Xzw- ]-Zm¿-Y-Øn-s≥-d- au-en-I-kz-`m-h-am-sW-∂- \nKa-\-Øn-se-Øn-t®¿-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

103

]-Zm¿-Y-sØ-bpw- {]-]-©-sØ-bpw- kr-jv-Sn-®- A-√m-lpam-{XamWv- F-√m- A¿-Y-Øn-epw- G-I-\m-bn-´p-≈-h≥.- A-h≥- ]-Zm¿-∞mXoX-\m-bXn-\m¬- X-s∂- ]-Zm¿-YØ - n-s≥--d au-en-Ikz-`m-ha - m-b- "_lpXzw'- A-h-s≥-d- k-Øbn¬- C-√-X-s∂.- A-h≥- G-I-\m-Wv.- C-°mcyw- hn-ip-≤- Jp¿-B≥- A¿-Y-i-¶-°n-S-bn-√m-Ø- hn-[w- hyIv-Xam°p-∂p-≠v.- "]-d-bp-I:- Im-cyw- A-√m-lp- G-I-\m-Wv- F-∂-Xm-Ip∂p.A-√m-lp- G-h¿-°pw- B-{i-b-am-bn-´p-≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p.- Ah≥- P-∑w\¬-In-bn-´n-√-;- P-\n-®n-´p-an-√.- A-h-∂v- Xp-ey-\m-bn- B-cpw-Xs∂- C√Xm-\pw'.-1 a-\p-jy-s≥-d- I-gn-h-p-Iƒ-°v- ]-cn-an-Xn-bp-≠v.- ]-t©-{µn-b-ß-fneqsSbm-Wv- \mw- A-dn-hv- k-ºm-Zn-°p-∂-Xv.- Cu- C-{µn-b-Pv-Rm-\ap-] tbm-Kn-®m-Wv- \-Ωp-sS- a-kv-Xn-jv-Iw- Im-cy-ßƒ- I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xv.C-{µn-bß - ƒ-°v- ]-cn-an-Xn-If - p-s≠-∂v- C-s∂-√m-hc - pw- k-ΩX - n-°p∂p.380 ap-X¬- 780 h-sc- an-√n-ssa-t{Im¨- X-cw-K-ssZ¿-Ly-ap-≈- {]Imiw- am-{X-sa- a-\p-jy-Zr-jvS- n-°v- tKm-Nc - a - m-hp-Ib - p-≈q.- Cu- ]-cn[n°∏p-d-hpw- C-∏pd-hp-ap-≈- Aƒ-{Sm-h-b-e-‰v- c-iv-an-I-sftbm- C≥-{^msdUv- c-iv-an-I-sf-tbm- F-Iv-kv- c-iv-an-I-sf-tbm- tIm-kv-an-Iv- In-c-W-ßsf-tbm- Im-Wm≥- \-Ωp-sS- I-Æp-Iƒ-°v- I-gn-hn-√.- C-cp-]-Xv- apX¬C-cp-]-Xn-\m-bn-cw- h-sc- B-h-r-Øn-bp-≈- i-_v-Z-am-Wv- \-ap-°v- tIƒ°m≥- I-gn-bp-∂X - v.- Aƒ-{Smku≠v hoNnIƒ \ΩpsS ImXpIfn¬ {]Iº\w krjvSn°p∂n√. kzmZns≥dbpw K‘Øns≥dbpw AhkvYbpw CXpXs∂. C{µnbßƒ°v ]cnanXnIfps≠¶n¬ akvXnjvIØn\pw ]cnanXnIfpbncn°Ww. F¥mWv akvXnjv IØns≥d ]cnanXn? ]Zm¿Y-temIsØ°pdn®v Nn¥n°phm≥ am{Xsa a\pjyakvXnjvIØn\v IgnbpIbp≈q. ]Zm¿Y-mXoX amb bmsXm∂ns\°pdn®pw Nn¥n°phmt\m km¶¬]nINn {Xßfp≠m°phmt\m a\pjy_p≤n°p Ignbn√. {kjvSmhmb A√mlp ]Zm¿Y-mXoX\msW∂p ]d™ph t√m. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ ssZhnIkØsb°pdn®v kz¥amb \nKa\ßfnseØm≥ a\pjy_p≤n°v km[ya√. AXv Ah s≥d hnhcWßƒ°v AXoXamWv. kvYeIme_\v[\Ønep ≈ a\pjyakvXnjvIØn\v kvYeØn\pw ImeØn\pw AXoX 1. Jp¿-B≥- 112: 1-˛4

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

104

\mb A√mlphns\°pdn® km-¶¬-]n-I Nn{Xßfp≠m°phm≥ IgnbpIbn√. "Ahs\ ZrjvSnIƒ Is≠ØpIbn√. Ah\mIs´ ZrjvSnIsf Is≠ØpIbpw sNøp∂p'1 sh∂ Jp¿B\nI hN\w, ]Zm¿Y-mXoX\mb A√mlphns\ Is≠Øm≥ `uXn Iamb ]co£W \nco£Wßƒ°p km[n°pIbns√∂mWv hyIvXam°p∂Xv. {]]© krjvSn Ign™v GgmwZnhksØ kpJkºq¿Wam b hn{iaØn\ptijw ssZhw XpS¿®bmbn hn{ian®psIm≠ncn °pIbmsW∂v Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂n√. {]]©Øns¬ Hmtcm Ne\Øn\p ]n∂n-epw A√mlphns≥d A]mcamb iIvXnhnti japs≠∂mWv Jp¿B\pw \_nhN\ßfpw hyIvXam°p∂Xv. "Ahs≥d knwlmk\w BImi`qanIsf Dƒs°m≠ncn°p∂p. AhbpsS kwc£Ww Ah\v `mchmhn√. Ah≥ AXyp∂X\pw alXztadnbh\pamIp∂p'.2 ssZhsØ tIhesamcp iIvXnbmbn AhXcn∏n°p∂hcp ≠v. AXv icnb√. Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv A√mlp F√mhn[ iIvXnIfpsSbpw DSakvY\msW∂mWv. Ah≥ Hcn°epw acn °mØ Poh\p≈h\mWv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p-: "Hcn°epw acn °mØ Pohn®ncn°p∂hs\ `cta¬]-n°pI. Ahs\ kvXpXn °p∂tXmsSm∏w {]Io¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpI'.3 "Ah≥ F√m ImcyØn\pw Ignhp≈h\mWv'.4

{kjvSmhpw krjvSnIfpw Cu {]]©w anYybmsW∂ am-bm-hmZw Ckvemanen√. {]] ©w bmYm¿Y-yw Xs∂bmWv. ]s£, AXv krjvSnbmWv. AXn ∂v Bcw`hpw Ahkm\hpap≠v. \nco£Is≥d a\ nep≠mIp ∂ anYym[mcW am{XamWv {]]©sa∂ ho£Wa\pkcn®v AXns∂mcp {kjvSmhns≥d Bhiyw Xs∂bn√. F∂m¬ hnip ≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv {]]©Øns\mcp {kjvSmhps≠∂pw AXnep≈sX√mw Ahs≥d ]cnip≤nsb {]Io¿Ø\w sNøpI 1. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 103 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 255 3. Jp¿-B≥- 25: 58 4. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 6

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

105

bmsW∂pamWv. "BImißfnepw `qanbnepap≈sX√mw Ah s≥d ]cnip≤nsb {]Io¿Ø\w sNøp∂p'.1 {]]©w anYybmsW∂ ho£WØns≥d c≠mw ]Xn∏mW t√m {]IrXnbpw ]S®Xºpcm\pw H∂pXs∂bmsW∂ [mcW. Cu hmZØn¬ bmsXmcp Igºpans√∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n °p∂Xv. {kjvSmhmb A√mlphns≥d kØ Ahs≥d krjvSn Ifn¬ \n∂v thdn´p \n¬°p∂p. krjvSnbn¬ ebn®v hnapIvX\m hm≥ IgnbmsX k¿h-Ø-nepw hym]n®p InS°p∂ Hcp tIhei IvXnb√ hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂ A√mlp. Ah≥ {]Ir XymXo\mWv. Ahs≥d kØ {]IrXnbn¬ \n∂v thdn´v \n¬°p ∂p. ]t£, Ahs≥d Adnhpw Ignhpw kIeXns\bpw Nqgv∂v \n¬°p∂p. AWphn\p≈nse kv]µ\hpw XmcmkaqlßfpsS Ne\ßfpsam∂pw Xs∂ Ahs≥d Adnhns≥d ]cn[n°p ]pd Ø√. kvYeIme]cnanXnIƒ°v AXoX\mb A√mlp ]Zm¿ Y- m XoX\mbns°m≠pXs∂ Ahs≥d iIv X n kv Y qehpw kq£vahpamb {]]©sØ apgph≥ Nqgv∂p \n¬°p∂p. Jp¿B ≥ ]dbp∂p: "BImißfnepw `qanbnepap≈sX√mw Ahs≥d ]cnip≤nsb {]Io¿Ø\w sNøp∂p. Ah≥ {]Xm]imenbpw AKm[PvR\pas{X. BImißfnsebpw `qanbnsebpw ]cam[n ]Xyw Ah\p≈XmWv. Ah≥ Pohn∏n°pIbpw acn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Ah≥ F√m‰n\pw Ignhp≈h\mWv. Ah\mWv BZna ≥. Ah\mWv A¥na≥. {]Xy£\pw ]tcm£\pambh\pw Ah ≥ Xs∂. Ah≥ F√m Imcyßfpw ]q¿W-ambn Adnbp∂h \mWv'.2 Cu {]]©Ønep≈sX√mw A√mlphns≥d krjvSnIfmWv. {kjvSmhpw krjvSnbpw H∂√. {kjvSmhn¬ \n∂v Xo¿Øpw A\yamWv krjvSn. Nn{XImc\pw Nn{Xhpw t]msebmWXv. Nn{X Imc≥ Nn{Xa√, Nn{Xw Nn{XImc\pa√. Ah c≠pw F√m A¿ Y-Ønepw `n∂amWv. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ krjvSnIsf°pdn®v {]Xn]mZn°p∂Xn\nSbn¬ "ssZthXcw' (ssKdp√mln) F∂v {]Xn]mZn°p∂Xmbn ImWm≥ Ignbpw. CXn¬ \n∂v krjvSn 1. Jp¿-B≥- 57: 1 2. Jp¿-B≥- 57: 1˛7

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

106

Iƒ ssZhØn¬ \n∂v `n∂amb AkvXnXzap≈hbmsW∂v a\ nem°mw. a\pjymXvamhS°ap≈ kIe krjvSnIfpw A√mlphns≥d kØbn¬ \n∂p `n∂amsW∂mWv Jp¿B \nse ]cma¿ißfn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°m≥ IgnbpI.

A√mlphns≥d KpWßƒ ssZhw \n¿KpW\msW∂ ho£Whpw Jp¿B\nIm[ym ]\ßƒ°v hncp≤amWv. Jp¿B≥ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂ A√mlp kKpWkºq¿W-\mWv. ]t£, A√mlphns≥-d KpWßƒ am\pjnIKpWßfpambn XmcXayw sNømhX√. a\pjy≥ krjvSnbmbXp sIm≠pXs∂ Ahs≥d KpWßƒ ]cnanX ßfpw kv-YeIme _\v[\Øn\[o\hpamWvv. CXn¬ \n∂p hyXykvXambn kvYeImeßsf krjvSn® A√mlphns≥d KpWßƒ ]cnanXnIƒ°XoXamWv. "Ah\p Xpeyambn bmsXm ∂pan√' F∂ Jp¿B\nI ]cma¿iw {kjvSmhns≥d kØsb °pdn®p am{Xa√; KpWßsf°pdn®p IqSnbp≈XmWv. A√mlp hns≥d KpWßƒ°p Xpeyamb KpWßƒ krjvSnIƒ°p ≠mhpIbn√; Xo¿®! {]]©sØ ip≤iq\yXbn¬ \n∂p krjvSn®h\mWv A√m lp. iq\yXbn¬ \n∂v H∂pw krjvSn°phm≥ krjvSnIƒ°v km[ya√. "krjvSn' ssZhnIamb Hcp KpWamWv. \ap°v hkvXp °sf \n¿a-n°phmt\ km[n°pbp≈q. {]]©Øn¬ A√mlp krjvSn®psh® hkvXp°sf am‰ßƒ°p hnt[bam°phm≥ am{Xsa a\pjy\v Ignbq. tai \n¿a-n°phm≥ Bimcn°v km[n°pw. tai krjvSn°phm≥ A√mlphnt\ IgnbpIbp≈q. iq\yXbn¬ \n∂p≈ krjvSnbmWnhnsS hnh£. HmIvknP≥ hmXIhpw ssl{UP≥ hmXIhpw Iq´nt®¿Øv Pew \n¿a-n °m≥ ckX{¥PvR\v km[n°pw. ]t£,- Pew krjvSn°p∂Xv ssZhw Xºpcm≥ am{XamWv. CXpXs∂bmWv F√m hkvXp° fpsSbpw AhkvY. A√mlp Jp¿B\neqsS shfns∏SpØp∂ Xs{X icn! "Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlphn\p ]pdsa \nßƒ hnfn®p {]m¿Yn°p∂h¿ Hcp Cu®sbt∏mepw krjvSn°pIbn√'.1 1. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 73

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

107

\ap°p Np‰pap≈ Poh\p≈Xpw C√mØXpamb hkvXp°sf √mw A√mlphns≥d iIvXnbpsS {]ISamb ZrjvSm¥ßfmWv. ip≤ iq\yXbn¬ \n∂p≈ {]]©Øns≥d krjvSn Xs∂ Ah≥ k¿h-iIvX\msW∂v hyIvXam°p∂p. Cu {]]©w apgph≥ hym]n®p InS°p∂ A√mlphns≥d Ignhn∂XoXambn bmsXm∂pan√. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xp {i≤n°pI. "A√mlp Xs∂bmWv kXykzcq]≥. Ah≥ acn®hsc Pohn∏n°pw. Ah≥ GXp ImcyØnepw Ignhp≈h\mWv'.1 "B[n]Xyw GsXmcphs≥d ssIbnemtWm Ah≥ A\p{K l]q¿W-\mbncn°p∂p. Ah≥ GXp ImcyØn\pw Ignhp≈h \mIp∂p'2. A[nImcØns≥dbpw kzm[o\Øns≥dbpw ]oTßfnencn°p ∂h¿ ]et∏mgpw XßfpsS IgnhpIƒ sIm≠v am{XamWv Ch t\SnsbSpØsX∂v Al¶cn°mdp≠v. F∂m¬ bmYm¿Y-ysa ¥mWv? Hu∂XyØns≥d ]mcayØn¬ \n∂v Zpc¥]q¿Æamb A[x]X\Ønte°v B]Xn®hsc°pdn®v \ap°dnbmw. h´ ∏qPyØn¬ \n∂v temItPXm°fmbn Db¿∂hsc°pdn®pw \mw a\ nem°nbn´p≠v . {]Xm]Øns≥d bYm¿Y- Ø nep≈ DSakv Y mhImiw A√mlphn\p am{XamWv . Ah\mWv a\pjys\ {]Xm]nbpw ]XnX\pam°p∂Xv. Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n °p∂Xv t\m°pI. "]dbpI, B[n]XyØns≥d DSakvY\mb A√mlpth, \o Dt±in°p∂h¿°v \o B[n]Xyw \¬Ip∂p. \o Dt±in°p∂hcn¬ \n∂v \o B[n]Xyw FSpØp \o°pIbpw sNøp∂p. \o Dt±in°p∂h¿°v \o {]Xm]w \¬Ip∂p. \o Dt±in°p∂h¿°v \o \nµyX hcpØpIbp sNøp∂p. \ns≥d ssIhias{X \∑bp≈Xv. \ivNbambpw \o F√m ImcyØn\pw Ignhp≈h\mIp∂p.'3 A√mlp F√m Imcyßfpw Adnbp∂h\mWv. Ah∂v- Adn ™pIqSmØ Hcp AhkvY D≠mbn´n√. Ahs\ kw_\v[\n ®nStØmfw clkyhpw ]ckyhpan√. {]Xy£hpw ]tcm£ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 6 2. Jp¿-B≥- 67: 1 3. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 26

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

108

hpan√. k¿h-PvR\mWv A√mlp. `qXw, `mhn, h¿Øam\w XpS ßnb ImeØns≥d aq∂hkvYIƒ kvYe˛Ime _\v[Ønep≈ Cu temIØnep≈XmWv. kvYeØn\pw ImeØn\pw AXoX\mb A√mlphns\ kw_ \v[n®nStØmfw aq∂p Imeßfn√. {XnImePvRm\nbmWv A√mlp. ktNX\hpw AtNX\hpamb kIeam\ hkvXp °fpsSbpw {kjvSmhmb A√mlp AhbpsS clkyßfpw \nKqVXIfpw hyIvXambn Adnbp∂h\mWv. C°mcyw hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ hyXykv X ßfmb kqIv X ßfneqsS hyIv X am °p∂p≠v. "Ahs≥d ]°emIp∂p AZriyImcyØns≥d Xmt°mepI ƒ. Ah\√msX Ah AdnbpIbn√. Icbnepw ISenepap≈Xv Ah≥ Adnbp∂p. Ah\dnbmsX Hcp Cet]mepw hogp∂n√. `qanbnse Ccp´pIƒ°p≈nencn°p∂ Hcp [m\yaWnbmIs´, ]®tbm DWßnbtXm Bb GsXmcp hkvXphmIs´ hyIvX amb tcJbn¬ FgpXs∏´Xmbn´√msX D≠mhn√.''1 "ZriysØbpw AZriysØbpw Adnbp∂h\pw alm\pw D∂X\pamIp∂p Ah≥. \nßfpsS Iq´Øn¬ \n∂v clky ambn kwkmcn®h\pw ]ckyambn kwkmcn®h\pw cm{Xnbn¬ Hfn™ncn°p∂h\pw ]I¬ ]pdØndßn \S°p∂h\psa√mw (Ahs\ kw_\v[n®nStØmfw) kaamIp∂p.-'2 "\nßfpsS hm°v \nßƒ clkyam°pI. As√¶n¬ ]cky am°ns°m≈pI. Xo¿®bmbpw Ah≥ lrZbßfnep≈Xv Adn bp∂h\mIp∂p. krjvSn®p≠m°nbh≥ AdnbpIbnt√? Ah≥ \nKqV clkyßƒ Adnbp∂h\pw kq£vaPvRm\nbpam Ip∂p'.3 \aps°√mw Poh≥ \¬Inbh\mWv A√mlp. PohnXØn s≥d D¤hw Ah\n¬ \n∂mWv. krjvSnIfpsSsb√mw Pohn XØn\v ]cn[nbp≠v. Ah¿ PohnXamcw`n®Xv Hcp {]tXyI XobXnbnemWv. Hcp Znhkw Ah¿ acn°pw. Dd°hpw ab°hpw 1. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 59 2. Jp¿-B≥- 13: 9, 10 3. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 13, 14

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

109

t_m[£bhpsa√mw AhcpsS PohnXØnep≠mhpw. PohnX sa∂ KpWw ]q¿W-cq]Øn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂Xv A√mlphnem Wv. Ahs≥d PohnXØn\v XpS°an√. HSp°hpan√. Ah≥ A\izc\mWv. Ah\v \n{Ztbm tamlmekytam _m[n°pI bn√. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p. "A√mlp˛Ah\√msX Bcm[y\n√. Fs∂∂pw Pohn®ncn°p∂h≥. F√mw \nb{¥n°p∂h≥. ab °tam Dd°tam Ahs\ _m[n°pIbn√'1. a\pjys≥dbpw a‰p PohnIfpsSbpw tIƒhn°pw ImgvN°p sa√mw ]cn[nIfps≠∂v ]d™pht√m. ImgvNbpsSbpw tIƒhn bpsSbpw ZmXmhmb A√mlphns\ kw_\v[n®nStØmfw Cu ]cn[nIƒ°v {]kvXnbn√. Ahs≥d ImgvNbpw tIƒhnbpw kvY eØn\pw ImeØn\pw AXoXambncn°psa∂v IqSn a\ nem°p tºmtg Ahsb{Xam{Xw kq£vahpw sX‰p ]‰mØXpambncn°p sa∂v t_m[yamIq. \n¿KpW\mWv ssZhsa∂v ]dbp∂h¿ ]e t∏mgpw ssZhsØ A‘\pw _[nc\pam°mdp≠v. F∂m¬, Jp¿B≥ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂ A√mlp ]cn[nIfn√msX tIƒ°p∂h\pw ImWp∂h\pw BWv. "Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp F√mw tIƒ°p∂h\pw ImWp∂h\pamWvv.'2

]caImcpWnI≥; IcpWm\n[n a\pjyscbpw a‰p PohPmeßsfbpw krjvSn®v ]cn]men°p ∂ GIssZhw ]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamsW∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv. A√mlphns≥d hninjvS\maßfn¬ G‰ hpa[nIw Bh¿Øn°s∏ń´p≈Xv "A¿dlvam≥' (]caImcpWn I≥) F∂ \maas{X. hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ 169 {]mhiyw Cu ssZhnI \maw Bh¿Øn°s∏ń´p≠v. Xs≥d krjvSnItfmSv A]mcamb ImcpWyw ImWn°p∂h≥ F∂mWv "A¿dlvam ≥'sIm≠v hnh£n°s∏Sp∂Xv. hnip≤Jp¿B\nse Hmtcm A[ymbhpamcw`n°p∂Xv "_nkvan√mln¿dlvam\n¿dlow' F∂ {]mcw`hmNIw sIm≠mWv. Fs¥mcp kZvhrØn sNøm≥ XpS ßptºmgpw Cu {]mcw`hmNIw sNm√m≥ apkvenw I¬]-n°s∏ ńcn°p∂p. "]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamb A√mlp 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 25 2. Jp¿-B≥- 58: 1

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

110

hns≥d Xncp\maØn¬' F∂mWv Cu hmNIØns≥-d A¿Y-w. Hcp apkvenw Xs≥d PohnXØn¬ G‰hpa[nIw Bh¿Øn°p∂ ssZhnI\maßƒ "A¿dlvam≥', "A¿dlow' F∂nhbmbncn °pw. k¿h-temI{kjvSmhmb A√mlp ImcpWysØ Xs≥d taep ≈ Hcp _m[yXbmbn \nivNbn®ncn°p∂psh∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv. "\nßfpsS c£nXmhv ImcpWysØ Xs≥d ta¬ (_m[yXbmbn) \nivNbn®ncn°p∂p. AXmbXv \nßfnemsc ¶nepw AhnthIØm¬ h√ Xn∑bpw sNbvXpt]mhpIbpw F∂n ´v AXn\ptijw ]ivNmX]n°pIbpw \ne]mSv \∂m°nØo¿ °pIbpw sNøp∂]£w Ah≥ Gsd s]mdp°p∂h\pw IcpWm\n[nbpas{X.-'1 ]m]w sNbvXhtcmSv ssZhØn\v ASßmØ tIm]hpw HSp ßmØ ]Ibpw shdp∏pamsW∂pw AXpsIm≠pXs∂ ]m]nI ƒ°v ssZhØnte°v ]n∂oSv ASp°phm≥ km[yas√∂pap≈ ho£WsØ hnip≤Jp¿B≥ hna¿in°p∂p. F{X Xs∂ ]m]w sNbvXbmfmsW¶nepw Ah≥ BXvam¿Y-ambn ]ivNm Ø]n®p aSßpIbpw t\¿am¿K-w kzoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXm¬ ]caImcpWnI≥ Ahs≥d ap≥Ime]m]ßsf√mw s]mdpØp sImSp°psa∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. "]dbpI: kz¥w BXvam°tfmSv AXn{Iaw {]h¿Øn®pt]mb Fs≥d Zmk∑m tc, A√mlphns≥d ImcpWysØ∏‰n \nßƒ \ncmis∏ScptX. \nivNbambpw A√mlp F√m ]m]ßfpw s]mdpØpsImSp °p∂p. Xo¿®bmbpw Ah\s{X s]mdpØp sImSp°p∂h\pw IcpWm\n[nbpw. \nßfpsS c£nXmhnte°v ]ivNmX]n®v aS ßpIbpw Ah∂mbn A¿∏Ww \SØpIbpw sNøphn≥; \nßƒ°v in£ hcp∂Xn\p apºv. ]ns∂ \nßƒ klmbn °s∏SpIbn√.'2 A√mlp ]ivNmØ]n°p∂hsc CjvSs∏Sp∂p. Ip‰t_m[ tØmSpIqSn ]ivNmØ]n°pIbpw-BXvam¿Y-ambn £ambmN\ \SØpIbpw sX‰pIfnte°v t]mhmXncn°m≥ ]camh[n {ian 1. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 54 2. Jp¿-B≥-

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

111

°pIbpw sNøp∂ a\pjycpsS ]m]ßsf√mw s]mdpØp sImSp °phm≥ ]caImcpWnI≥ k∂≤\mWv. AXn\v ip]m¿ibp sStbm am[-ykvYØns≥dtbm Bhiyan√. ]m]nbmb Hcmƒ ]iv N mØ]n®v Xncn- ® phcptºmƒ A√mlphn\p≠mIp∂ kt¥mjm[nIyw F{Xam{XamsW∂v {]hmNI≥(k) Hcp D]a bneqsS hyIvXam°p∂Xv t\m°pI: "acp`qanbnse acØWen¬ hn{ian°p∂ Hcmƒ Ddßnt∏mIp∂p. DW¿∂pt\m°nbt∏mƒ Xs≥d `£W]m\obßfpw a‰p hkvXp°fpsa√mw hln°p∂ HÍsØ ImWp∂n√. HÍsØ Xnc™v Zmlhnhi\mbn A‰an√mØ acp`qanbn¬ IÆpw\ńcn°ptºmƒ AbmfpsS apºn¬ Xs≥d ImWmsX t]mb HÍw {]Xy£s∏Sp∂p. At∏mƒ Abmƒ°p≠mhp∂ kt¥mjw F{Xbmbncn°pw? AXns≥d F{Xtbm aSßmWv ]m]nbmb Zmk≥ ]ivNmX]n °ptºmƒ A√mlphn∂p≠mhp∂ kt¥mjw'. A√mlphns≥d Zbbpw ImcpWyhpw kqNn∏n°p∂ Hcp]mSv hntijWßƒ Jp¿B\nep≠v. Ahbn¬ {][m\s∏´hbmWv "A¿dlvam≥', "A¿dlow' F∂nh. "kemw' (im¥n\¬Ip∂h ≥), "K^v^m¿' (A[nIw am∏p\¬Ip∂h≥), "eØo^v' (Zbm ]pc cw {]h¿Øn°p∂h≥), "Icow' (AXypZmc≥), "X∆m_v' (]ivNmØm]w kzoIcn°p∂h≥), "hZqZv' (Zmk∑mtcmSv hfsc Zbbp≈h≥) XpSßnb Jp¿B\n¬ {]tbmKn°s∏ńcn°p∂ ssZh\maßƒ A√mlphns≥d A‰an√mØ IcpWsbbpw kvt\lsØbpw Zbsbbpsa√mw tZymXn∏n°p∂p.

\oXnam≥ kzX{¥amb ssIImcyI¿X- r XzØn\v km[n°p∂ GIPohnbmWv a\pjy≥. Nn¥n®v ImcyßfpsS \nPkvYnXn a\ nem°n {]h¿Øn°phm≥ Ignbp∂h\mWh≥. \∑ sNbv Xv D¬IrjvS\mhm\pw Xn∑sNbvXv \nIrjvS\mIphm\pw a\pjy \v km[n°pw. \∑bpsS am¿K-w sXcs™SpØv DØaa\pjycm bn Pohn°Wsa∂XmWv ssZhnIimk\. F¶n¬ am{Xta a\p jykaqlw \ne\n¬°pIbp≈q. [m¿a-nI\nbaßƒ A\pkcn °s∏Sp∂ Hcp kaqlØn¬ am{Xta kt¥mjhpw kam[m\ hpw \ne\n¬°p. At∏mƒ, [m¿a-nI \nbaßƒ A\pkcnt°

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

112

≠Xv a\pjycpsS _m[yXbmWv. ]t£, Cu \nbaßƒ A\p kcn°mXncn°phm\p≈ ss]imNnIamb Hcp XrjvW a\pjy cpsSsb√mw AIØfØnep≠v. Cu XrjvWbv°v ISn™mWn ´m¬ am{Xta BÀmZ`cnXhpw kam[m\kºpjvShpamb am\hn IkaqlØns≥d krjvSn km[n°q. Nn¥miIvXnbp≈ a\pjy sc krjvSn® A√mlphns≥d ImcpWyØns≥d `mKw Xs∂bm Wv D¬IrjvSamb -Hcp kaqlØns≥d krjvSn°pth≠ Imcy ßƒ sNøpIsb∂Xv. AXpsIm≠mWv ]caImcpWnI\mb A√mlp Cu `qanbn¬ \∑ sNbvXh¿°v ]ctemIØv \∑bpw Xn∑ sNbvXh¿°v ]ctemIØv Xn∑bpw {]Xnêambn e`n°p sa∂ \nbaap≠m°nbXv. \∑sbbpw Xn∑sbbpw kXysØbpw AkXysØbpw \oXnsbbpw A\oXnsbbpsa√mw A√mlphn s≥d ImcpWyw Xpeyambn´mWv KWn°p∂sX¶n¬ ]ns∂ kXyØn\pw \oXn°pw \∑°psa¥mWv hne? AXp icnbs√ ∂v \ΩpsSsb√mw kmam\y_p≤n kΩXn°p∂p. \∑bv°pw Xn∑bv°pw Ahbv°\pkrXamb {]Xnêw \¬Is∏SWw. CXmWv A√mlphns≥d \oXn. ]ctemIØpsh®v CltemI Ønse sNbvXnIƒ°v {]Xn-êw \¬Is∏Spw. sX‰psNbvX hyIvXnIƒ°v AhnsSsh®v e`n°p∂ ITn\amb in£t]mepw am\hcmintbmSp≈ A√mlphns≥d ImcpWyØns≥dbpw kv t \lØns≥dbpw `mKamsW∂v A¬]w Nn¥n®m¬ t_m[yamIpw. "Rm≥ Gsd s]mdp°p∂h\pw IcpWmhmcn[nbpamsW∂pw Fs≥d in£bmWv thZ\tbdnb in£sb∂pw Fs≥d Zmk∑m sc hnhcadnbn°pI.-'1 A√mlp BtcmSpw Xs∂ A\oXn sNøpIbns√∂pw ]ctem IØpsh®v CltemI sNbvXnIƒ°p≈ {]Xn-êw \¬IpI sb∂Xv A√mlphns≥d \oXnbmsW∂pw hyIvXam°p∂ At\ Iw kqIvXßƒ Jp¿B\nep≠v. "temItcmSv Hcp A\oXnbpw ImWn°m≥ A√mlp Dt±in °p∂n√.-'2 1. Jp¿-B≥- 15: 49, 50 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 108

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

113

"Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp HcWpthmfw A\oXn ImWn°p Ibn√'.1 "\ns≥d c£nXmhv bmsXmcmtfmSpw A\oXn ImWn°pbn√.'2

Bcm[y≥ A√mlp am{Xw a\pjysc krjvSn°pIbpw ]cn]men°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv A√mlphmWv. Ah≥ k¿h-temIØns≥dbpw {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pamWv. ]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamWv; AZriyImcyßƒ Adnbp∂h\pw \oXnam\pamWv. clkyß fpw ]ckyßfpadnbmhp∂ A√mlphn\v am{Xsa Hmtcm a\pjy cpsSbpw a\ n\IØp≈sX¥msW∂v Adnbm≥ IgnbpI bp≈q. "\nivNbw A√mlp k¿h-PvR\pw kq£vaPvR\pas{X.'3 a\pjyIgnh∂XoXamb Imcyßƒ AØcØnep≈ IgnhpIfps≠∂v hnizkn°s∏Sp∂htcmSv tNmZn°p∂Xn\m Wt√m {]m¿Y-\sb∂v ]dbp∂Xv. A`uXnIamb klmbm`y ¿Y-\mbWv {]m¿∞\sb∂p ]dbmw. {]m¿Y-\bpsS BXvamhvkvYnXnsNøp∂Xv {]m¿Y-n°p∂hs≥d a\ n\IØmWv. F{X kpµcamb {]m¿Y\mKoXambncp∂mepw AXv lrZbØn¬ \n∂p ]pdØphcp∂Xs√¶n¬ tIhew hmNmtSm]ambn ]cn Wan°p∂p. AXn∂v A[cßfpambn am{Xta _\v[w ImWq. {]m¿Y-n°p∂hs≥d lrZbw {]m¿Y-n°s∏Sp∂hs≥d klmbw Imw£n°ptºmƒ am{XamWv {]m¿Y-\sb∂ ]Zw A\z¿YamIp∂Xv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ {]m¿Y\bmWv F√mhn[ Bcm[\I fpsSbpw aPvP. Bcm[\Ifnse I¿a-ßƒ°v Poh\p≠mIW sa¶n¬ {]m¿Y-\bp≠mbncn°Wsa∂¿∞w. At∏mƒ, a\pjy¿ Bcm[\Iƒ A¿∏nt°≠Xv B¿°mWv? AtcmSmWh¿ {]m¿Y-nt°≠Xv? kIeam\ IgnhpIfpsSbpw DSakvYmhImiw B¿°mtWm, clkyßfpw ]ckyßfpadnbp ∂h\mcmtWm, lrZbØn\IØp≈Xv hyIvXambn Adnbmhp ∂Xv B¿°mtWm, Ah∂mWv; Ah∂p am{XamWv Bcm[\If ¿∏nt°≠sX∂v kmam\y_p≤n ]dbp∂p. {kjvSmhpw ]cn]m 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 4-0 2. Jp¿-B≥- 18: 49 3. Jp¿-B≥- 31: 24

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

114

eI\pamb A√mlphn\v am{Xta Bcm[\If¿∏n°mhq F∂m Wv Ckvemw \njvI¿jn°p∂Xv. {]m¿Y-\m hgn]mSpIƒ A¿∏n °s∏Sphm≥ A¿l≥ A√mlp am{XamsW∂v hnizkn°p tºmƒ am{XamWv A√mlphnep≈ hnizmkw ]q¿W-amIp∂Xv. kØbnepw IgnhpIfnepw AZznXob\mb A√mlphn\v am{Xw Bcm[\If¿∏n°s∏Sptºmƒ am{XamWv Ckvemw hnh£n °p∂ GIssZhhnizmkw ]q¿W-amIp∂Xv. ssZhhnizmkw a\pjylrZbØns≥d AKm[XIfn¬ kzm[o\w sNepØp∂psh∂mWv kmaqlyimkv{XPvR∑mcpsS ]£w. D¬IrjvS Pohnbmb a\pjy≥ Xs∂°mƒ Xmgv∂ ]Snbn¬ \n¬°p∂ {]IrXn {]Xn`mkßsf Bcm[n°p∂Xn eqsS BXvaobambn A[a\mbn amdp∂p. Poh\p≈pw C√mØ Xpamb hkvXp°fn¬ ]eXpw Ahs≥d CjvStZhXIfmbn amdptºmƒ a\pjys≥d kzm`mhnIamb D¬Irjv S Xbv ° v If¶ap≠mhp∂p. APø\pw A\yq\\pamb A√mlphns\ am{Xw Bcm[n°p∂XneqsSbmWv a\pjy≥ BXvaobamb DZmØoIcWw km[n°p∂Xv. krjvSn°pIbpw ]cn]men°p Ibpw sNøp∂ A√mlp a\pjycn¬ \n∂v Bhiys∏Sp∂Xpw Aht\mSp am{Xap≈ Bcm[\bmWv. A√mlp ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI: "Pn∂pIsfbpw a\pjyscbpw Fs∂ Bcm[n°phm≥ th≠nb√msX Rm≥ krjvSn®n´n√. Rm≥ Ahcn¬ \n∂v D]Poh\sam∂pw B{Kln°p∂n√. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp Xs∂bmWv D]Poh\w \¬Ip∂h\pw iIvX\pw {]_e\pw'.1 {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pamb \mY\p≈ Bcm[\bmWv a\p jysc sX‰pIƒ sNøp∂Xn¬ \n∂p XS™p\n¿Øp∂Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: "P\ßsf, \nßsfbpw \nßfpsS ap≥KmanIsfbpw krjvSn® \nßfpsS \mYs\ \nßƒ Bcm [n°phn≥. \nßƒ tZmj_m[sb kq£n°phm≥ th≠nbs{X AXv.'2 "A√mlp, Ah\√msX thsd Bcm[y\n√. Poh\p≈h≥; "kzbw ]cym]vX\mb k¿h- \nb¥mhv; Ahs\ Hcp hn[ Dd° 1. Jp¿-B≥- 51: 56-˛58 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 21

A√m-lp-hn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kw-

115

hpw ab°hpw _m[n°p∂n√. BImißfnepw `qanbnepap≈ sX√mw Ahs≥dXmWv. Ahs≥dbSpØv ip]m¿i sNøp∂h≥ Bcp≠v? AhcpsS ap∂nep≈Xpw ]n∂nep≈Xpw Ah∂dnbmw. Ahs≥d Adnhn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ Dt±in®X√msX Ah¿- bmsXm ∂pw Adnbp∂n√. Ahs≥d knwlmk\w BImi`qanIsf Dƒ s°m≠ncn°p∂p. AhbpsS kwc£Ww Ah∂v `mca√. Ah≥ AXyp∂X\pw alXztadnbh\pamIp∂p'.1 "K¿`mibßfn¬ Xm\pt±in°p∂ hn[Øn¬ \nßsf cq] s∏SpØp∂Xv Ah\s{X. Ah\√msXc Hcp Bcm[y\n√. Ah ≥ {]Xm]nbpw bpIvXnam\pas{X'.-2 "Xm\√msX Hcp Bcm[y\pans√∂Xn\v A√mlp km£yw hln®ncn°p∂p. ae°pIfpw Adnhp≈hcpw (AXn\v km£n IfmIp∂p) Ah≥ \oXn \n¿hln°p∂h\s{X. {]Xm]nbpw bpIvXnam\pamb Ah\√msX thsd Bcm[y\n√'.-3 "A√mlp˛Ah\√msX Hcp Bcm[y\pan√. Dbn¿sØgpt∂ ¬∏ns≥d ZnhktØ°v Ah≥ \nßsfsb√mw Hcpan®v Iq´pI Xs∂ sNøpw'.4 A√mlp Ahs≥d kØbnepw KpWßfnepw AXpey\m sW∂pw Ah≥ am{Xsa Bcm[\Iƒ A¿ln°p∂p≈qsh∂pw hnizkn°ptºmƒ am{Xta Hcmƒ kXyhnizmk (Cuam≥) Øn s≥d hmXneneqsS IS∂v, hnizmknIfpsS (apAvan≥) kaqlØn ¬ AwKamhpIbp≈q. A√mlphns≥d GIXzØn¬ hnizkn®p sIm≠v kXyhnizmknbmIp∂bmƒ AXphsc \bn®Xn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw hyXncnIvXamb Hcp PohnXw \bn°m\mcw`n°p∂p. Ah≥ hn{KlßfpsSbpw ihIpSocßfpsSbpw apºn¬ \{a inckvIcmhp∂n√. A√m-lp-hn\p ap∂n¬ am{Xw {]m¿Y\m hgn ]mSpIƒ A¿∏n®psIm≠v Ahs≥d hn[nhne°pIƒ AwKoIcn ®psIm≠v XnI®pw If¶clnXamb Hcp PohnXamWv Ah≥ \bn°pI. Aßs\ Ah≥ apkvenambnØocp∂p; {kjvSmhn\v k¿h-kzw ka¿∏n®h\mbn amdp∂p. 1. Jp¿-B≥2. Jp¿-B≥- 34: 6 3. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 18 4. Jp¿-B≥-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

G-gvae°pIfnep≈ hnizmkw a\pjy\v Xs≥d IÆpIƒ sIm≠v ImWm≥ IgnbmØ H´\ h[n Imcyßƒ Cu `qanbn¬ Xs∂bp≠v. AhbpsS km∂n[yw ]co£WßfneqsS kv Y ncoIcn®psIm≠mWv a\pjy≥ {]kvXpX hkvXp°sfbpw {]Xn`mkßsfbpw Ipdn®v ]Tn°p∂ Xv. ]t©{µn-bßƒ sIms≠m∂pw A\p`hthZya√mØ {]Xn`m kßƒ a‰p hkvXp°fnep≠m°p∂ {]XnIcWßƒ {i≤n®m Wv ]T\Øn\v hnt[bam°mdp≈Xv. {]ImisØ°mƒ thKX IqSnb hkvXp°sf \ap°v Hcn°epw ImWphmt\m A\p`hn °mt\m km[yas√∂ hkvXpX ssk≤m¥nIambn sXfnbn° s∏´n´p≠v. \ΩpsS ]co£W \nco£Wßƒ°v I≠p]nSn°m ≥ Hcn°epw km[n°mØ ]e {]Xn`mkßfpw ChnsSbp≠m Imsa∂p kmcw. a\pjy\v Xs≥d km[mcW \nebv°p≈ C{µnbPvRm\w sIm≠v a\ nem°phmt\m A\p`hn°phmt\m km[n°mØ ssZhkrjvSnIfmWv ae°pIƒ.- Ah {]Imiw sIm≠mWv krjvSn°s∏´ncn°p∂Xv. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p: "ae°pIƒ {]ImiØn¬ \n∂pw Pn∂v XoPzmebn¬ \n∂pw krjvSn° s∏´p'.-1 a\pjycpsS C{µnbPvRm\Øn\XoXcmb krjvSnIsf ∂ \nebv°p Chsb°pdn®v a\ nem°m≥ ssZhnIt_m[\ ßsf B{ibn°pI am{Xta \n¿hmla≈q. ae°pIfpsS ZuXy 1. klo-lp- ap-kv-enw-

ae°pIfnep≈ hnizmkw

117

sØbpw \ne\n¬]ns\bpw Ipdn® Hcp kmam\y[mcW hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ \¬Ip∂p≠v . ae°pIfpsS Akv X nXzsØbpw Ahsb°pdn®v Jp¿B\n¬ ]dbp∂ Imcyßsfbpw Ipdn®p≈ hnizmkw kXyhnizmkØns≥d `mKas{X. a\pjycptSXn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw hn`n∂amWv ae°pIfpsS {]IrXn. Ahbv-°v A√mlphns\ [n°cn°phm≥ IgnbpIbn√. A\pkcWw AhcpsS AkvXn XzØn¬ Aen™ptN¿∂ncn°p ∂psh∂v- thWsa¶n¬ ]dbmw. Al¶mctam A\pkcWt° tSm ae°pIfn¬ \n∂p≠mhp Ibn√. Jp¿B\n¬ ]dbp∂Xp ImWpI: "BImißfnep≈Xpw `qanbnep≈Xpamb GsXmcp Pohnbpw A√mlphn\v kmjvSmwKw \an°p∂p; ae°pIfpw. Ah¿ Al¶mcw \Sn°p∂n√. Ah¿ °p aosXbp≈ AhcpsS c£nXmhns\ Ah¿ `bs∏SpIbpw Ah¿ I¬]n°s∏Sp∂sX ¥pw Ah¿ {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøp∂p.'1 {]hmNI∑m¿°v ssZhnIt_m[\w FØn®psImSp°pI bmWv ae°pIƒ°v \nivNbn°s∏´ncn°p∂ {][m\s∏´ ZuXy ßfnsem∂v. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "Xs≥d Zmk∑mcn¬ \n∂v Xm≥ Dt±in°p∂hcpsS ta¬ Xs≥d I¬]-\{]Imcw (kXyktµiamIp∂) ssNX\yhpw sIm≠v ae°pIsf Ah≥ Cd°p∂p. Rm\√msX bmsXmcp ssZhhpan√. AXn\m¬ \nß sfs∂ kq£n®psIm≈pho≥ F∂v \nßƒ Xm°oXv \¬IpI (F∂Xs{X B ktµiw).-'2 ae°pIfn¬ kp{][m\amsbmcp ZuXy\n¿hmlI\mWv Pn_vco¬ (K{_ntb¬). aplΩZv \_n°v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ Ah Xc∏n°s∏´Xv Pn_vcoeneqsSbmWv. "(Jp¿B≥ FØn®p Xcp ∂) Pn_vco¬ F∂ ae°nt\mSmWv B¿s°¶nepw i{XpXsb ¶n¬ At±laXv \ns≥d a\ n¬ AhXcn∏n®Xv A√mlphn s≥d DØch\pkcn®v am{XamW-v.'-3 hnizkvXmflmhv (dqlp¬ Aao≥), ]cnip≤mXvamhv (dqlp¬ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 49, 50 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 2 3. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 97

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

118

JpZpkv) XpSßnb \maßfmepw Pn_vco¬ hntijn∏n°s∏ ´Xmbn IWm≥ Ignbpw. "Xo¿®bmbpw CXv (Jp¿B≥) temIc £nXmhv AhXcn∏n®Xv Xs∂bmIp∂p. hnizkvXmXvamhv \ns≥d lrZbØn¬ AXpwsIm≠v Cdßnbncn°p∂p. \o Xm°oXp \¬Ip∂hcpsS Iq´Ønembncn°m≥ th≠nbs{X AXv.-'1 "]dbpI, \ns≥d c£nXmhn¶¬ \n∂v kXyk\v[ambn ]cnip≤mXvamhv CXv Cd°nbncn°p∂p'2. a\pjyPohnXØn\v ssNX\yw ]Icp∂ ssZhnI t_m[\ ßfpsS hmlI\mbXn\memhmw Pn_vcoen\v ]cnip≤mXvamhv, hnizkvXmflmhv XpSßnb \maßƒ \¬Is∏´Xv. K{_ntb¬ amemJbv°p Xs∂bmWv ss__nfnepw ]cnip≤mflmhv ]T\w \SØnbm¬ \ap°v t_m[yamhpI. F∂m¬ ss{IkvXhk` Iƒ ssZhØns≥-d krjvSnbmb ]cn-ip≤m-flmhn\v ZnhyXzw I¬]n°pIbpw ssZhnI {XnXzØnse Hcp BfXzambn k¶¬ ]n°pIbpw sNbvXphcp∂p. ss__nƒ ]gb \nbaØntem kphntijßfntem H∂pw Xs∂ ]cnip≤mXvamhv ssZhamsW∂v- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂ Hcp- hN\w- t]m-epw- Im-Wp-∂n-√. hn-ip≤ Jp¿- B ≥- {]tbm- K n- ® Xp- t ]m- s e ]cn- i p- ≤ m- fl m- h v - F∂v K{_tbens\°pdn®m-Wv- ss__nfnepw {]tbmKn°s∏´ncn°p ∂sX∂mWv a\ nem°m\mhp∂Xv. tbiphns\, a‰p {]hmNI∑msct]mseØs∂ ]cnip≤mflm hns\s°m≠v A√mlp ]n¥pW®psh∂v Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p≠v. "adv-ba-ns≥d aI\mb Cukmbv°v \mw hyIvXamb ZrjvSm¥ß ƒ \¬IpIbpw At±lØn\v \mw ]cnip≤mflmhns≥d ]n≥_ ew \¬IpIbpw sNbvXp.'3 a\pjycpsS I¿aßƒ tcJs∏SpØnsh°phm\mbn ae°pI sf \ntbmKn®n´ps≠∂p kqNn∏n°p∂ hmIyßƒ Jp¿B\n ep≠v. A¥y\mfn¬ hnNmcW°pXIp∂ hn[w I¿aßƒ kq£v aambn tcJs∏SpØpIsb∂ ZuXyta¬∏n°s∏´ ae°pIƒ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 26: 192-˛194 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 102 3. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 87

ae°pIfnep≈ hnizmkw

119

{]kvXpX Imcyw IrXyambn \n¿hln®psIm≠ncn°p∂p≠v. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "Xo¿®bmbpw \nßfpsS ta¬ Nne ta¬t\m´°mcp≠v. tcJs∏SpØn sh°p∂ Nne am\y∑m¿. \nßƒ {]h¿Øn°p∂Xv Ah¿ Adnbp∂p.'1 "heXp`mKØpw CSXp`mKØpw Ccp∂psIm≠v G‰phmßp∂ c≠pt]¿ G‰phm ßp∂ kµ¿`w. Ah≥ GsXmcp hm°v D®cn°ptºmgpw Ah s≥d ASpØv Xb-mdmbn \n¬°p∂ \nco£I≥ D≠mhmsX bncn°n√'.-2 a\pjycpsS BXvamhpIsf ]nSns®Sp°p∂Xv ae°pIfmWv. ssZh\nivNnXamb kabsaSpØm¬ Hmtcm hyIvXnbpsSbp-w acWap≠mhpw. AXn¬\n∂v B¿°pw Hgn™pamdm\mhn√. HmtcmcpØcpsSbpw acWØn\v \nivNbn°s∏ńcn°p∂ ae°v AhcpsS Bflmhns\ ]nSns®Sp°p∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp hn´phogv Nbpw ImWn°pIbn√. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI: "]dbpI: \nßfpsS ImcyØn¬ G¬]-n°s∏´ acWØns≥d ae°v \nßsf acn∏n°p∂XmWvv. ]n∂oSv \nßfpsS c£nXmhn¶te°v \nßƒ aS°s∏Sp∂XmWvv.-'3 kZvhrØcmbhcpsS Bflm°sf kzoIcn°phm\mbn ae °pIƒ IS∂phcnI kam[m\Øns≥d ZqXpambn´mWv. Xßfp sS k¬I-¿aßƒ°v {]Xnêambn e`n°m\ncn°p∂ kpJk ºq¿Wamb kz¿KobPohnXsØ°pdn®v kt¥mjhm¿Øbpam bmWv k®cnXcpsS ASptØ°v ae°pIƒ IS∂phcnI. Ah¿ °v acWw kz¿KobPohnXØnte°p≈ IhmSamWt√m. "\√h cmbncns° ae°pIƒ GsXm-cp IqćpsS PohnXw Ahkm\n∏n °p∂pthm AhtcmSv (ae°pIƒ) ]dbpw: \nßƒ°v kam[m \w! \nßƒ {]h¿-Øn®p sIm≠ncp∂Xns≥d êambn \nßƒ kz¿KØn¬ {]thin®psIm≈pI'4. PohnXw apgph≥ ssZhsØ \ntj[n®psIm≠v Zp¿hrØnIfn te¿s∏´hcpsSbpw _lpssZhmcm[\bneqsS ssZhtIm]Øn \v ]m{XambhcpsSbpw Bflm°sf ae°pIƒ ]nSns®Sp°p∂ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 82: 10˛12 2. Jp¿-B≥- 50: 17, 18 3. Jp¿-B≥- 32: 11 4. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 32

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

120

Xv \cIsØ°pdn®v `bhnlzecm°ns°m≠pw a¿Z-\ßƒ°v hnt[bam°ns°m≠pambncn°psa∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv: "At∏mƒ ae°pIƒ AhcpsS apJØpw ]n≥`mKØpw ASn®p sIm≠v acn∏n°ptºmƒ F¥mbncn°pw AhcpsS kvYnXn!'1 "Ahch¿°p Xs∂ t{Zmlw sNbvXpsIm≠ncns° ae°pI ƒ GsXmcp IqćpsS PohnXw Ahkm\n∏n°p∂pthm Ah¿°v. Rßƒ bmsXmcp Xn∑bpw sNbvXncp∂n√ F∂p ]d™psIm ≠v Ah¿ At∂cw IogvhW°Øn\v k∂≤X {]ISn∏n°pw. Aßs\b√, Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn®p sIm≠ncn°p∂Xns\∏‰n Adnbp∂h\mIp∂p. AXn\m¬ \cI Øns≥d IhmSØneqsS \nßƒ IS∂psIm≈pI. (\nßƒ) AXn¬ \nXyhmknIfmbncn°pw. At∏mƒ Al¶mcnIfpsS hmkkvYew tamiw Xs∂.-'2 kXyhnizmknIƒ°p th≠n ae°pIƒ am∏nc∂p {]m¿Y-n ®psIm≠ncn°p∂psh∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv: "ae°pIƒ XßfpsS c£nXmhns\ kvXpXn°p∂tXmsSm∏w {]Io¿Øn®p sIm≠ncn°pIbpw `qanbnep≈h¿°v th≠n Ah¿ ]m]tamN \w tXSpIbpw sNøp∂p.-'3 temImhkm\tØmS\p_\v[n®v ae°pIƒ Iq´wIqámbn Cd°s∏Spw. "BImiw s]mń∏nf¿∂v sh¨taL]Sew ]pd ØphcnIbpw ae°pIƒ iIvXnbmbn Cd°s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂ Znhkw.-'4 ]ctemIØpsh®v kXyhnizmknIƒ°v \¬Is∏Sp∂ kz¿ KØnte°v Ahsc kzoIcn®m\bn°phm\pw A√mlphns≥d ]cnip≤krjvSnIfmb ae°pIfp≠mbncn°pw. "kvYnchmk Øn\p≈ kz¿KtØm∏pIƒ. AhcpsS ]nXm°fn¬\n∂pw CWIfn¬\n∂pw k¥XnIfn¬\n∂pw kZvhrØcmbn´p≈hcpw AXn¬ {]thin°p∂XmWv. ae°pIƒ F√m hmXneneqsSbpw AhcpsS ASp°¬ IS∂ph∂n´p ]dbpw: "\nßƒ £a ssI 1. Jp¿-B≥- 47: 27 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 28, 29 3. Jp¿-B≥- 42: 5 4. Jp¿-B≥- 25: 25

ae°pIfnep≈ hnizmkw

121

s°m≠Xn\m¬ \nßƒ°v kam[m\w' At∏mƒ temIØns≥d ]cyhkm\w F{X \√Xv'.-1 ZpjvI¿an-Iƒ°v XßfpsS sNbvXnIfpsS {]Xn-êambn \¬Is∏Sp∂ \cIØns≥d NpaXe hln°p∂Xpw ae°pIƒ Xs∂. ssZhnI \n¿tZi {]Imcw \cIhmknIƒ A\p`hnt° ≠p∂ in£ Ahsc ]q¿Wambpw A\p`hn∏n°p∂ ImcyØn¬ ae°pIƒ A¬]wt]mepw hn´phogvN ImWn°pIbn√: "kXy hnizmknItf, kztZlßsfbpw \nßfpsS _\v[p°sfbpw a\pjycpw I√pIfpw C‘\ambn´p≈ \cIm·nbn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ ImØpc£n°pI. AXns≥d ta¬t\m´Øn\v ]cpjkz `mhnIfpw AXniIvXcpamb ae°pIfp≠mbncn°pw. A√mlp AhtcmSv I¬∏n® ImcyØn¬ Aht\mSh¿ A\pkcWt°Sp ImWn°pIbn√. AhtcmSv I¬∏n°s∏Sp∂sX¥pw Ah¿ {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpw'.-2 ]ctemIØv hyXykv X ßfmb NpaXeIƒ hln°p∂ ae°pIƒ°pt]mepw a\pjysc kzbw AòjvS{]Imcw c£n °phm≥ km[ya√. A√mlphns≥d A\paXntbmSpIqSn am{Xsa ae°pIƒ°v ]ctemIØpsh®v ip]m¿isNøphm≥ km[n°q sh∂ hkvXpX Jp¿B≥ hyIvXam°p∂p≠v: "BImißfn¬ F{X ae°pIfmWp≈Xv! AhcpsS ip]m¿i bmsXmcp {]tbm P\hpw sNøpIbn√; A√mlp Ah≥ Dt±in°pIbpw Xr]vXn s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂h¿°v (ip]m¿ibv°v) A\phmZw \¬Inb Xns≥d tija√msX'3 ae°pIƒ A√mlphns≥d s]ä°fmsW∂ hnizmkw a°bnse _lpssZh hnizmknIƒ°nSbn¬ \ne\n∂ncp∂p. amemJamsc kv{XoIfmbn k¶¬]n°p∂ k{ºZmbw C∂v ss{IkvXh kaqlØn¬ ImWs∏Sp∂p≠t√m. Jp¿B≥ Cu hmZßsf iIvXnbpIvXw FXn¿°p∂p: "]caImcpWnIs≥d Zmk∑mcmb ae°pIsf Ah¿ s]Æpßfm°nbncn°p∂p. Ahsc (ae°pIsf) krjvSn®Xn\v Ah¿ km£yw hln®ncp 1. Jp¿-B≥- 13: 24, 25 2. Jp¿-B≥- 66: 6 3. Jp¿-B≥- 53: 23

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t∂m? AhcpsS km£yw tcJs∏SpØp∂Xpw Ah¿ tNmZyw sNøs∏Sp∂XpamWv.-'1 "Xo¿®bmbpw ]ctemIØn¬ hnizkn°mØh¿ ae°pI ƒ°v t]cnSp∂Xv kv{Xo\maßfmIp∂p. Ah¿°v AXns\∏‰n bmsXmcdnhpan√. Ah¿ DulsØ am{XamWv ]n¥pScp∂Xv'.-2 ae°pIsf Bcm[n®ncp∂ a°bnse _lpssZh hnizmkn Isf Jp¿B≥ hna¿in°p∂p≠v. A√mlph√msX BcpwXs∂ Bcm[y\mbn´ns√∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. A√mlp hns≥d A\pkcWioeap≈ ASnaIƒ am{XamWv ae°pIƒ. AhcpsS AkvXnXzØn¬ hnizknt°≠Xv Hmtcm hnizmknbp sSbpw ISabmWv. ae°pfnep≈ hnizmkØneqsS A√mlphn s≥d APøXsb°pdn®v a\pjy¿ t_m[hm∑mcmIp∂p. Aß s\ Bflotbm∂Xnbnte°v a\pjy¿ \bn°s∏Sp∂p.

1. Jp¿-B≥- 43: 19 2. Jp¿-B≥- 53: 27, 28

F-´vthZ{KŸßfnep≈ hnizmkw a‰p arKßsft∏mse P∑hmk\sIm≠v am{Xw Pohn°phm≥ a\pjy\v Ignbn√. Hcp kmaqlyPohnsb∂ \nebv°v Xs≥d PohnXØn¬ ]ment°≠ hn[nhne°pIsf°pdn®v kz¥ambn KthjWwsNbvXp I≠p]nSn°phm\p≈ Ignhpw A√m-lpa\pjy\v \¬Inbn´n√. kmaqlyLS\bv°\pkrXambn [m¿an I\nbaßƒ \n¿an°msa∂hImis∏Sp∂h¿ D≠m°nsbSpØ kZmNmcaqeyßfne[nIhpw a\pjykaqlØn\v \mihpw \jvShpw am{XamWv hcpØnsh®ncn°p∂Xv. a\p-jy¿- Fßs\ Po-hn-°Wsa∂v- ]Tn-∏n-°m-\m-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿- IS∂p-h∂Xv.Ah¿ ssZhnIt_m[\ßfpsS ASnkvYm\ØnemWv kwkmcn ®ncp∂sX∂Xn\memWv hnizmktbmKycmhp∂Xv. krjvSn®p ]cn]men°p∂ ]S®Xºpcm\v am{Xsa a\pjy¿ Fßs\ Pohn°Wsa∂v ]d™pXcm≥ Ignbq. Ah≥ {]hmNI∑mcneq sS am\hcmin°v AhXcn∏n®psImSpØ thZßfn¬ a\pjy¿ °mhiyamb am¿K\n¿tZißfmWp≠mbncp∂Xv ; Cl]c PohnX hnPbØn\mhiyamb \nba\n¿tZißfpsS kamlmc amWv "thZw' F∂p ]dbmw. a\pjy¿ Htc amXm]nXm°fn¬ \n∂p≠mbhcmsW∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. BZans≥dbpw l∆bpsSbpw a°fmb am\hsc√mw Hscm‰ kapZmbØn-se Aw-Kßfm-bncp∂p. GI \mb {kjvSmhns\ am{Xw Bcm[n°pIbpw {]m¿Y-n°pIbpw

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sNbvXncp∂ kapZmbw ]n∂oSh¿ `n∂n®p. ssZhnI am¿K\n¿ tZißfn¬ \n∂p≈ hyXnNe\w GsXmcp kaqlØnepw `n∂n ∏n\pw kv]¿≤bv°pw am{Xsa \nanØamIq. a\pjy¿- `n∂n® t∏mƒ ssZhnIamb sFIyØns≥d ]mXbnte°v Ahsc \bn °m≥ {]hmNI∑m¿ \ntbmKn°s∏´p. `n∂n∏n\v Xo¿∏p I¬]n °phm\pw bYm¿Y-Ønep≈ ssZhnI\nbaßƒ ]Tn∏n°phm \pw th≠n thZßƒ \¬IpIbpw sNbvXp. thZßfn¬- hn[nhn e°pIf\pkcn®v Pohn°p∂ kaqlØn¬ `n∂n∏p≠mhpI bns√∂v kv]jvSamWt√m. F∂m¬ thZw \¬Is∏´h¿ Xs∂ ]n∂oSv `n∂n°pIbpw ]ckv]cw kwL´\ßfnte¿s∏SpIbpw sNbvXpsh∂Xn\v Ncn{Xw km£nbmWv. CXn\v ImcWw thZ ßfnse \nba\n¿tZißfn¬ \n∂v AXns≥d A\pbmbnIsf ∂hImis∏Sp∂h¿ AI∂pt]mbXpw kzm¿Y-nIfmb ]ptcm lnX∑m¿ P\ßsf NqjWw sNøm≥ th≠n thZXØzßfn epw hN\ßfn¬ Xs∂bpw ambw tN¿ØXpamWv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xp t\m°pI: "a\pjy¿ Hscm‰ kapZmbambncp∂p. A\ ¥cw kt¥mjhm¿Ø Adnbn°phm\pw Xm°oXv \¬Iphm\p ambn A√mlp {]hmNI∑msc \ntbmKn®p. Ah¿ `n∂n® hnjb Øn¬ Xo¿∏v I¬]-n°phm\mbn AhcpsS IqsS kXythZhpw Ah ≥ Ab®psImSpØp. F∂m¬ thZw \¬Is∏´h¿ Xs∂ hyIvXamb sXfnhpIƒ h∂pIn´nb tijw AXn¬ `n∂n®n´p ≈Xv Ah¿ XΩnep≈ am¬kcyw aqea√msX as‰m∂psIm≠p a√. F∂m¬, GsXmcp kXyØn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ `n∂n®I∂pthm B kXyØnte°p A√mlp Xs≥d Xm¬]cy{]Imcw kXyhn izmknIƒ°v hgnImWn®p. Xm\pt±in°p∂hsc A√mlp icnbmb ]mXbnte°v \bn°p∂p.-'1 Jp¿B\n¬ \mep thZßsf°pdn®p am{Xsa t]cp ]d™p sIm≠p≈ {]kvXmh\bp≈qsh¶nepw AX√msXbpw thZß ƒ AhXcn∏n°s∏´n´ps≠∂Xn\v kqN\Ifp≠v. hnip≤ Jp¿ B\nse BdmasØ A[-ymbamb kqdØp¬ A≥Ban¬ \qlv, C_vdmlow, CkvlmJv, bAvJq_v, ZmhqZv, kpsseam≥, Aøq_v, bqkp^v, aqkm, lmdq≥, kIcnøm, blvbm, Cukm, 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 213

thZ{KŸßfnep≈ hnizmkw

125

C¬bmkv, CkvamCu¬, A¬bkAv, bq\pkv, eqØv XpSßn ]Xns\´v {]hmNI∑mcpsS t]cp ]d™ tijw A√mlp ]d™ hcnIƒ {it≤bamWv: "\mw thZhpw hnPvRm\hpw {]hm NIXzhpw \¬Inbn´p≈hcs{X Ah¿'1. CXn¬- \n-∂v- ap-Ifn¬{]kv-Xm-hn-°s∏´ {]hm-NI∑m-cn¬- Nn-e¿-s°¶n-epw- thZw- \¬In-bn-´p-s≠∂v- hy-Iv-Xam-Wt√m.]m-] ]p-Wyßsf°p-dn-®- Jp¿-B\n-Iho-£Ww- Xs∂bm-Wv]q¿-h{]hm-NI∑m¿-°v- \¬-Is∏´ thZßfn-ep-≈sX∂v- kv-Ym]n-®p-sIm-≠p-≈ Jp¿-B≥-kq-Iv-Xw- {i≤n-°p-I: "Xo¿-®bm-bpwCXv- BZy-sØ GSp-Ifn¬- Xs∂bp-≠v.- AXm-bXv- C_v-dm-lo-an s≥-dbpw- aq-kbp-sSbpw- GSp-Ifn¬.'2 Chbn¬- \n-s∂√mw- Jp¿B \n¬- t]cp- ]d™n-´n-√m-Ø thZßfpw- ap≥{]hm-NI∑m¿-°vAhXcn-∏n-®n-´p-s≠∂ hkv-Xp-X hy-Iv-Xam-hp-∂p-≠v.F√m- {]hm-NI∑m¿-°pw- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´n-´p-≈ {KŸß fn¬- hn-iz-kn-t°≠Xv- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS ISabm-Wv.- Jp¿B ≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf,- A√m-lp-hn-epwAhs≥d Zq-X\n-epw- Ahs≥-d Zq-X\v- Ah≥- AhXcn-∏n-® {KŸ Øn-epw- \n-ßƒ- hn-iz-kn-°p-ho≥.- A√m-lp-hn-epw- Ahs≥-d ae °p-Ifn-epw- Ahs≥d {KŸßfn-epw- Ahs≥-d Zq-X∑m-cn-epwA¥y-Zn-\Øn-epw- h√h\pw- Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂ ]£w- Xo¿-®bm bpw- Ah≥- _lp-Zq-cw- ]n-g®p- t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.-'3ap≥-thZßsfsb√mw- icn-sh®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d AhXcWw.- thZßsf icn-sh°p-Isb∂Xp-sIm-≠p-t±in-°p∂Xv- Ah AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ cq-]Øn-\p-≈ Aw-Ko-Im-cam-Wv.- ap≥thZßsf Aw-Ko-Icn-®p- sIm-≠p-≈ Jp¿-B\n-I {]kv-Xm-hw- Im Wp-I.- "(\_n-tb) \n-\°n-Xm- kXy-{]Im-cw- thZ{KŸw- AhXcn∏n-®p- X∂n-cn-°p-∂p.- AXn-s≥-d ap-ºn-ep-≈ thZ{KŸßsf icnsh°p-∂Xpw- Ahsb Im-Øp-c£n-°p-∂Xp-as{X AXv.-'-4 Hm-tcm- {]hm-NI\pw- X\n-°v- ap-ºv- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ thZ{K Ÿßsf Aw-Ko-Icn-®p-sIm-≠m-Wv- IS∂p-h∂Xv.- F√m- {]hmNI 1. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 89 2. Jp¿-B≥- 87: 18, 19 3. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 136 4. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 48

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∑m¿-°pw- P\ßƒ-°p- ap-∂n¬- sh°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂ ktµiØns≥-d sFI`m-hw- sIm-≠m-Wn-Xv.- Ah¿-°p- ASn-kv-Ym-\]cam-bn]Tn-∏n-°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv- "{kjv-Sm-hpw- k¿hiIv-X\p-am-b PK∂n-b¥m-hn-s\ am-{Xw- Bcm-[n-°p-I'- F∂ ktµiam-bn-cp∂p.AXp- sIm-≠p-Xs∂ thZßfp-sSsb√mw- ASn-kv-Ym-\m-Z¿-ißƒH∂p-Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p.- Ah XΩn-ep-≈ hy-Xym-kw- GXm-\pw- Nne \n-baßfp-sS Im-cy-Øn¬- am-{Xam-bn-cp-∂p.- C{km-Cu-ey-cn-te°vAb°s∏´ {]hm-NI\m-b tbip- ]d™Xm-bn- Jp¿-B≥- tcJ s∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I.: "Fs≥-d ap-ºn-ep-≈ Xu-dm-Øn-s\ kXy s∏Sp-Øp-∂h\m-bn-s°m-≠pw- \n-ßfp-sS ta¬- \n-jn-≤am-°s∏´ Imcy-ßfn¬- Nn-eXv- \n-ßƒ-°v- A\p-hZn-®p- Xcp-hm≥- th≠n-bpam-Ip-∂p- (Rm≥- \ntbm-Kn-°s∏´n-´p-≈Xv-).-'1C°m-cyw- kp-hn-tijßfpw- D≤cn-°p-∂p. "\n-basØtbm{]hm-NI∑m-sctbm- d±m-°m-\m-Wv- Rm≥- h∂n-cn-°p-∂sX∂v- \n ßƒ- [cn-t°≠; d±m-°m-\√,- \n-dth‰m-\m-Wv- Rm≥- h∂n-cn-°p∂Xv'.--2 Jp¿-B\n¬- t]scSp-Øp- ]d™n-´p-≈ ap≥-thZßƒ- aqs∂Æ am-Wv.- Xu-dm-Øv,- k_q¿,- C≥-Po¬- F∂n-hbm-Wh.- aq-km-\_n °v- Xu-dm-Øpw- Zm-hq-Zv-\_n°v- k_q-dpw- Ckm-\_n-°v- C≥-PoepwthZ{KŸam-bn- \¬-In-sb∂m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv.- CuthZ{KŸßfn-se√mwhn-iz-kn-t°≠Xv- hn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS \n¿_ \v-[_m-[y-Xbm-sW∂v- ]d™p-ht√m. {]hm-NI∑m¿- XΩn¬- hn thN\sam-∂pw- Im-Wn-°m≥- ]m-Sn-s√∂ Ckv-em-an-Im[ym-]\Øns≥-d `m-Kam-bn-´m-Wv- Ah¿-°v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ thZßfn¬hn-iz-kn-t°≠Xv- ap-ke v- n-an-s≥-d _m-[y-Xbm-sW∂v- Jp¿-B≥- ]Tn∏n-°p-∂Xv.- "]dbp-I: A√m-lp-hn-epw- Rßƒ-°v- AhXcn-∏n° s∏´Xn-epw- C_v-dm-low,- Ckv-am-Cu-¬,- Ckv-lm-Jv,- bAv-Jq-_v,bAvJq-_v- k¥Xn-Iƒ F∂n-h¿-°v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´Xn-epw- aq kmbv-°pw- Cu-km-bv-°pw- a‰p- {]hm-NI∑m¿-°pw- Xßfp-sS c£n Xmhn-¶¬- \n-∂v- \¬-Is∏´Xn-epw- \n-ßƒ- hn-iz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.Ahcn¬- B¿-°n-Sbn-epw- Rßƒ- hn-thN\w- I¬-]n-°p-∂n-√.1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 50 2. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 17

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Rßƒ- A√m-lp-hn-\v- Io-gv-s]-´hcm-Ip-∂p.-'1ap≥- Ign-™ thZßsf Jp¿-B≥- Aw-Ko-Icn-°p-∂p-sh∂p]dbp-tºmƒ- hn-h£n-°p-∂Xv- {]kvX - p-X thZ{KŸßƒ- AhXcn∏n-°s∏´ kµ¿-`Øn-ep-≈ AhkvY - sb Jp¿-B≥- Aw-Ko-Icn°p∂p-sh∂m-Wv; C∂v- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ thZ{KŸßƒ-°p-≈ AwKoIm-ca√ AXv.- aq-km-\_n-°v- A√m-lp- AhXcn-∏n-® {KŸam-WvXu-dm-Øv.- blq-Z∑m-cpw- ss{Ikv-Xhcpw- "tXmdm'bm-bn- Aw-KoIcn°p-∂ ]gb\n-baØn-se BZy-sØ A©p- ]p-kvX - Ißfn¬- Xu dm-Øn¬- \n-∂p-≈ D≤cWn-Itfm- `m-Kßtfm- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂p≠m-hmw.- Xu-dm-Øv- ]q¿-Wam-bn- AXpƒ-s°m-≈p-∂n-s√∂v- hy-Iv Xam-Wv.- tam-si {]hm-NIs≥-d acWsØbpw- acWm-\¥c kw `hßsfbpw- Ip-dn-®v- hn-hcn-°s∏´n-cn-°p-∂ ]©]p-kv-XIßƒFßs\bm-Wv- tam-sibv-°v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ Xu-dm-Øm-hp-I?k_q-dn-s≥-d kv-Yn-Xn-bpw- XssYh.- C∂v- hm-ßm≥- e`n-°p-∂ ss__n-fn-ep-≈ k¶o¿-Ø\ ]p-kv-XIw- Zm-ho-Zn-\v- ssZhwAhXcn-∏n-®p- sIm-Sp-Ø k_q-dm-sW∂v- ss{Ikv-Xh]finX∑m ¿-°p-Xs∂ A`n-{]m-ban-√.- ]gb\n-baØn-se ]e ]p-kX v- Ißfpw]p-tcm-ln-X∑m-cp-sS ssIISØep-Iƒ-°v- hn-t[bam-bn-´p-s≠∂ hkv-Xp-Xbn-te°v- ]gb \n-baw- Xs∂ kq-N\ \¬-Ip-∂p-≠v."Rßƒ- Pv-Rm-\n-Iƒ-; I¿-Øm-hn-s≥-d \n-baw- Rßfp-sS ]°ep ≠v- F∂p- ]dbm≥- \n-ßƒ-°v- Fßs\ Ign-bpw?- F∂m¬- CXmthZPv-Rcp-sS hym-PXq-en-I AXn-s\ AkXy-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'2 C°m-cy-Øn-te°v- ss__nƒ]fin-X\m-b dh.- F.-kn.- t¢bo ‰≥- kq-N\ \¬-Ip-∂Xn-ßs\bm-Wv: "]p-cm-X\{KŸI¿-Øm° fn¬- Nn-e¿- hn-in-jv-Sam-b Hcp-]tZisØ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xn∂vB{Kln-®m¬- Ah¿- Xßƒ- ]dbp-∂ D]tZiw- Zm-ho-Zv,- lt\m°v,biøm-hv- ap-Xem-b alm-∑m¿- ]dbp-∂psh∂v- `m-hn-®v- hm-kvX hØn¬- Xßƒ- Xs∂ Fgp-Xp-∂hsb B alm∑m¿- Fgp-Xnb sX∂v- ]dbp-∂Xv- A_≤am-sW∂v- hmNm-cn-®n-cp-∂n-√.-'3thZ{KŸØn¬- C√m-ØXv- ]eXpw- thZØn-ep-≈Xm-sW∂v1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 84 2. bn-scaym- 8: 8 3. dh.- F.-kn.- t¢bo-‰≥-: thZ]p-kv-XI \n-L≠p- ]p-dw- 523

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hcp-Øn-Øo¿-°m≥- th≠n- blq-Z]fin-X∑m¿- sNbv-Xn-cp-∂ theIsf Jp¿-B≥- \n-in-Xam-bnhn-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.- "thZ{KŸ Øn-se hNIssien-Iƒ- hfs®mSn-°p-∂ Nn-ecpw- Ahcp-sS Iq´ Øn-ep-≠v.- AXv- thZ{KŸØn¬- s]´Xm-sW∂v- \n-ßƒ- [cn°phm≥- th≠n-bm-WXv.- AXv- thZ{KŸØn-ep-≈X√.- Ah¿]dbpw; AXv- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d ]°¬- \n-∂p-≈Xm-sW∂v-.F∂m¬- AXv- A√m-lp-hn-¶¬- \n-∂p-≈X√.- Ah¿- Adn-™psIm-≠v- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d t]cn¬- I≈w- ]dbp-Ibm-Wv.'-1 C{km-Cu--ey¿-°- v- c£bp-sS am¿-Kw- ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm-\m-bn- ]S®X ºpcm-\m¬- \n-bp-Iv-X\m-b tbip-hn-\v- A√m-lp- AhXcn-∏n-® thZ{KŸam-Wv- C≥-Po¬.- C∂v- ]p-Xn-b\n-baØn¬- Im-Wp-∂ ]p-kv-XIßƒ-s°m-∂n-\pw- C≥-Po-em-sW∂v- AhIm-is∏Sm-\mhn-√.- ssZhw- tbip-hn-\v- AhXcn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø kphn-tijamWv-˛tbip-hn-s≥-d kp-hn-tijw-˛C≥-Po¬.- F∂m¬,- ]p-Xn-b \nb aØn-sehn-sSbpw- tbip-hn-s≥-d kp-hn-tijw- \ap-°v- Im-Wm≥Ign-bp-∂n-√.- ]p-Xn-b \n-baØn-ep-≈ Ccp-]Øn-tbgv- ]p-kvX Ißfn¬- {][m-\s∏´Xv- BZy-sØ \m-ep- kp-hn-tijßfm-Wv-.Chbp-sS I¿-Øm-°sf∂p- Icp-Xs∏Sp-∂ aØm-bn,- am¿-t°m-kv,eq-t°m-kv-,- tbm-l∂m≥- Xp-Sßn-bh¿- Cu-km-\_n-bp-sS Po-hnXhpw- acWhpw- Nn-{Xo-Icn-°m-\m-Wv- {ian-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.- Ahbn¬{In-kv-Xp-hn-t≥-dXm-bn- D≤cn-°s∏Sp-∂ hN\ßƒ- Xp-temw- ]cnan-Xas{X.- kp-hn-tij I¿-Øm-°ƒ- tbip-in-jy-∑m-cm-tWm- At√ sb∂ Im-cy-Øn¬- ss__nƒ- ]fin-X∑m¿-°n-Sbn¬- X¿-°w\n-e\n¬-°p-∂p.-2 GXm-bn-cp-∂m-epw- ssZhm-hXo¿-Wam-b C≥Po ¬- C∂p- ss{Ikv-Xhcp-sS ssIhian-s√∂p-d∏m-Wv.- ssZh\n thin-Xcm-bnhn-ip-≤∑m¿- Fgp-Xn-bsX∂v- Icp-Xs∏Sp-∂ GXm \pw- {KŸßƒ- am-{Xam-Wv- C∂v- Ahcp-sS ssIbn-ep-≈Xv.- CØc Øn-ep-≈ Ccp-∂q-tdm-fw- kp-hn-tijßƒ- BZy-Im-e ss{Ikv-Xh k`bp-sS ssIhiap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw- Ahbn¬- tdm-am-aXhpam-bn- sshcp-[-yw- ]p-e¿-Øm-Ø \m-ep-{KŸßƒ- am-{Xw- kzo-Icn®v- _m-°n-bp-≈h \in-∏n-°p-Ibm-Wv {In-kv-Xm-_v-Zw- 325 ¬- \S∂ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 78 2. dh: F.-kn.- t¢bo-‰s≥-d "ss__nƒ \n-L≠p-'- t\m-°p-I

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\n-Jn-bm- Iu¨-kn¬- sNbvX - sX∂pw- ss{IkvX - hNcn-{Xw- ]Tn®m ¬- a\ n-em-hpw.- AYhm,- kz-¥w- ssIIƒ-sIm-≠v- {KŸßsfgpXn-bp-≠m-°p-Ibpw- AXp- ssZhØn¬- \n-∂m-sW∂v- ]dbp-Ibpam-Wv- ss{Ikv-Xh k` sNbv-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv.k`bp-sS Cu- \n-e]m-Sn-s\ hn-ip-≤ Jp¿-B≥- iIvX - am-bn- A] e]n-°p-∂p-≠v.- "kz-¥w- ssIIƒ-s°m-≠v- {KŸw- Fgp-Xn-bp-≠m °p-Ibpw- F∂n-´v- AXv- A√m-lp-hn¬- \n-∂v- e`n-®Xm-sW∂v- ]dbpIbpw- sNøp-∂h¿-°m-Ip-∂p- \m-iw..-- AXp- ap-tJ\ hn-e Ip-d™ t\´ßƒ- IckvY - am-°m≥- th≠n-bm-Ip-∂p- (Ahcn-Xv- sNøp-∂Xv).Ahcp-sS ssIIƒ- Fgp-Xn-b hIbn-epw- Ah¿- kºm-Zn-°p-∂ hIbn-epw- Ah¿-°v- \m-iw.'-1 ssZhm-hXo¿-Wam-b thZ{KŸßsf AhKWn-®p-sIm-≠v- P - \ ßƒ-°\p-krXam-bn- \n-baßfp-≠m-°p-∂ blq-Z˛ss{IkvX h]u-tcm-ln-Xy-sØ Jp¿-B≥- iIv-Xam-b `m-jbn¬- hn-a¿-in-°p ∂p: "thZ°m-tc,- \n-ßsf¥n-\m-Wv- kXy-sØ AkXy-hp-am-bnIq-´n-°e¿-Øp-Ibpw- Adn-™p-sIm-≠v- kXyw- ad®p-sh°p-IbpwsNøp-∂Xv?'-2 "thZhm-Iyßsf Ahbp-sS kv-Ym-\ßfn¬- \n-∂v- Ah¿- sX‰n°p-∂p.- Ah¿-°v- D¬t_m-[\w- \¬-Is∏´Xn¬- Hcp- `m-Kw- Ah¿ad∂p-Ifbp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.-'-3 "Rßƒ- {In-kvX - ym-\n-Ifm-Wv- F∂p- ]d™hcn¬- \n-∂pw- \mwIcm-dv- hm-ßp-Ibp-≠m-bn.- F∂n-´v- Ah¿-°v- D¬-t_m-[\w- \¬I s∏´Xn¬- \n-∂v- Hcp-`m-Kw- Ah¿- ad∂p-If™p.- AXn-\m¬- Ah¿°n-Sbn¬- Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-s≥-d \mƒ-htc°pw- i{Xp-Xbpwhn-tZz-jhpw- \mw- Cf°n-hn-´p.- Ah¿- sNbv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xns\∏‰n-sb√mw- A√m-lp- ]n-∂o-Shsc ]d™dn-bn-°p-∂Xm-Wv'.--4 Jp¿-B\S°w- \m-ep- thZßfp-sS t]cp-am-{Xsa Jp¿-B\n¬{]kvX - m-hn-®n-´p-≈p-sh¶n-epw- AXn-e[n-Iw- thZ{KŸßƒ- AhX cn-∏n-°s∏´n-cn-°m-\p-≈ km-[y-Xbn-te°v- Jp¿-B≥- kq-N\ \¬1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 79 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 71 3. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 13 4. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 14

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Ip∂p-s≠∂ Im-cyw- ap-ºp- kq-Nn-∏n-®p-ht√m.- "Hcp- Xm-°o-Xp-Imc≥Ign-™p-t]m-Im-Ø Hscm-‰ kap-Zm-bhp-an-√'-1 F∂ Jp¿-B\n-I {]kv-Xm-h\ {]Im-cw- ]p-cm-X\ Im-ew- ap-X¬- Xs∂ a\p-jy-hmk ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂ C¥y-bn-epw- {]hm-NI∑m¿- IS∂p-h∂n-cn-°Ww.Nn-esc¶n-epw- thZ{KŸßƒ- \¬-Is∏´hcm-bn-cn-°Ww.- ln-µpaXkm-ln-Xy-ßfn¬- G‰hpw- {]m-am-Wn-Iam-bn- KWn-°s∏Sp-∂ \m-ep- thZkw-ln-XItfm- A\p-_\v[ - {KŸßtfm- \q-dp- iXam\wssZhn-Iam-sW∂v- ]dbm≥- Ahbp-sS A\p-bm-bn-Isf∂hImi s∏Sp-∂h¿- t]m-epw- k∂≤am-hn-s√∂p-d∏m-Wv.- Ahbv-°IØvAXn-∂p- am-{Xw- A‘hn-izm-kßfp-≠v.- thZkw-ln-XIfn¬{]YaKW\o-bam-b EtKz-ZØn-se {][m-\s∏´ {]Xn-]m-Zyw- C¥y bn-se ]p-cm-X\\n-hm-kn-Ifm-b {Zm-hn-Ucpw- ]n-∂o-Sn-tßm-´v- Ip-Sn tbdn-b Bcy-∑m-cpw- XΩn-ep-≠m-b kw-L´\ßfm-Wv. bPp¿thZ Øn-se {]Xn-]m-Zyw- tlm-aßfpw- bm-Kßfpw- a{¥ßfp-am-Wv.- km athZw- EtKz-ZØn-se Nn-e kq-Iv-Xßfp-sS Bh¿-Ø\am-Wv.B`nNm-cI¿-aßfpw- a{¥X{¥ßfp-am-Wv- AY¿-∆thZØn-s≥d D≈S°w.- Chsb√mw- Ahn-iz-k\o-bßfm-b A\h[n- A‘hn izm-kßfm¬- \n-_n-Vam-Wv.- thZßfn-epw- D]\n-jØp-Ifn-epwa‰pw- Im-Ws∏Sp-∂ GIssZhhn-izm-kw- tZym-Xn-∏n-°p-∂ kq-IvX ßfn¬- Nn-eh `m-cXo-b{]hm-NI∑m¿-°v- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ thZ{KŸßfp-sS Bibapƒ-s°m-≈p-∂Xm-sW∂v- \ym-bam-bpw\ap-°v- A\p-am-\n-°mw.]t£,- {]kv-Xp-X GIssZhhn-izm-ksØt∏m-epw- \n-jv ^eam-°m-\p-XIp∂ hn-izm-km-Nm-cßfp-sS hn-hcWßƒ- thtZm]\n-jØp-Iƒ- Dƒ-s°m-≈p-∂Xp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Ah ]q¿-Wam bpw- ssZhn-Iam-sW∂v- ]dbp-I km-[y-a√.- ChbpsS Zn-hy-Xz sØ°p-dn-®v- sslµh ]fin-X∑m¿-°n-Sbn¬- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ X¿ °w- C∂pw- Xp-S¿-∂p- sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibp-am-Wv'.-2 Cßs\,- ap-ºv- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ thZ{KŸßsf√mw- XncpØs∏Sp-Itbm- ad®p-sh°s∏Sp-Itbm- sNbv-Xt∏m-gm-Wv- ]S® Xºp-cm-≥- Ahkm-\sØ thZ{KŸw- AhXcn-∏n-®Xv.- ]p-tcm-lnX 1. Jp¿-B≥- 35: 24 2. Iq-Sp-X¬- ]T\Øn-\v- Cu- teJIs≥-d "sslµhX,- [¿-Ωhpw- Z¿-i\hpw'hm-bn-°p-I

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∑m¿- ad®p-sh® ssZhn-I\n-baßƒ- shfns∏Sp-Øp-Ibpw- Ah¿{]bm-k]q¿-Wam-°n-b aX\n-baßƒ- eLq-Icn-°p-Ibpw- sNbXpsIm-≠m-Wv- hn-ip-≤Jp-¿-B≥- AhXo¿-Wam-bXv.- "thZ°mtc,thZ{KŸØn¬- \n-∂v- \n-ßƒ- ad®p-sh®psIm-≠n-cp-∂ ]eXpw\n-ßƒ-°- v- shfn-s∏Sp-Øn-Ø∂p-sIm-≠v- \Ωp-sS Zq-X≥- \n-ßfpsS ASp-Øv- h∂n-cn°p-∂p.- ]eXpw- At±lw- am-∏m-°p-Ibpw- sNøp ∂p.- \n-ßƒ-°n-Xm- A√m-lphn-¶¬- \n-∂v- Hcp- {]Im-ihpw- hy-Iv Xam-b Hcp- {KŸhpw- h∂n-cn-°p-∂p.'1 ap-lΩZv- \_n-°v- \m¬-]Xp- hb p-≈t∏m-gm-Wv- Jp¿-B\ns‚AhXcWam-cw-`n-®Xv.- a°bn-se ln-dm-Kp-lbn¬- At±lw- [ym\ \n-cX\m-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gm-Wv- Pn-_v-co¬- Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d BZy-kqIvXßƒ- {]hm-NI∂v- ap-ºn¬- Hm-Xn-t°ƒ-∏n-®Xv.- {]kv-Xp-X hN\ ßfp-sS km-can-Xm-Wv.- "krjv-Sn-®h\m-b \n-s≥-d c£n-Xm-hn-s≥d \m-aØn¬- hm-bn-°p-I.- a\p-jy-s\ Ah≥- {`q-WØn¬- \n-∂vkrjv-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- \o- hm-bn-°p-I.- \n-s≥-d c£n-Xm-hv- t]\sIm ≠v- ]Tn∏n-®h\m-b G‰hpwhen-b Hu-Zm-cy-hm-\m-Ip-∂p.- a\pjy\v- Adn-bm-ØXv- Ah≥- ]Tn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂p.-'- hn-ip-≤ Jp¿-B\nse 96˛mw- A[ym-bØn-se H∂p- ap-XX¬- A©p-hsc kq-IvX - ßfs{X CXv.Jp¿-B\n¬- BsI 114 A[-ym-b(kq-dØv-)ßfm-Wp-≈Xv.- aq t∂m- Iq-Sp-Xtem- kq-Iv-X(BbØv)ßƒ- tN¿-∂ kz-X{¥`mK ßfm-Wv- A[-ym-bßƒ.- Jp¿-B\n-se G‰hpwhen-b A[-ymbamb kq-dØp¬- _Jdbn¬- 286 kq-IvX - ßfm-Wp-≈Xv.- Htcm- kqd Øn-\pw- Htcm- {]tXy-I t]cp-Iƒ- \¬-In-bn-´p-≠v.- Nn-e A[ymb ßƒ- H∂n-tesd t]cp-Ifn-epw- Adn-bs∏Sp-∂p.- Jp¿-B≥- A[ym bßsf Ahbp-sS AhXcW {IaØn-s≥-d ASn-kv-Ym-\Øn¬{][m-\am-bpw- c≠mbn- Xcw-Xn-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- lnPv-dbv-°p- ap-ºvAhXcn-® A[-ym-bßƒ- a°n- kq-dØp-Isf∂pw- ln-Pv-d°vtijw- AhXcn-®h aZ\n- kq-dØp-Isf∂pw- Adn-bs∏Sp-∂p.Ccp-]Øn-aq-∂v- kw-h¬-kcßƒ-°p-≈n¬- hXy-kv-Xßfm-b Ahkcßfn-em-Wv- Jp¿-B\n-Ikq-Iv-Xßƒ- AhXo¿-Wam-bXv.kµ¿-`ßƒ-°pw- Ahkcßƒ-°p-sam-Øv- {]t_m-[nX kaql 1. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 15

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sØ ]Sn-]Sn-bm-bn- D¬-_p-≤cm-°n-s°m-≠m-Wv- Jp¿-B\n-se kq Iv-Xßƒ- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´Xv.- AXn-\m¬- AXn-s≥-d \nba\n¿tZißƒ- Ah AhXcn°p-∂ {IaØn¬- Xs∂ {]m-tbm-Kn-Iam°p-hm-\pw- km-[n-®p.- Jp¿B≥- AhXcn-®p- Ign-™t∏mƒ- AX\pkcn-®v- Po-hn-Xw- \bn-°p-∂ Hcp- kaq-lw- Iq-Sn- hf¿-∂p-h∂n-cp∂p.hy-Xy-kv-X Ahkcßfn¬- AhXo¿-Wam-b kq-Iv-Xßfp-sS kºq¿-Wam-b km-cw- a\ n-em-°Wsa¶n-¬- Ah AhXcn-∏n°s∏´ Ahkcw- Iq-Sn- ]cn-KWn-°Wsa∂v- ]dbm-\p-≈ ImcW an-Xm-Wv.- AhXo¿-Wam-Ip-∂ kq-IvX - ßƒ- GXp- kq-dØn¬- GXpkv-Ym-\Øm-Wv- tN¿-t°≠sX∂v- {]hm-NI≥- A\p-Nc∑m¿-°vhy-Iv-Xam-b \n¿-tZiw- \¬-In-bn-cp-∂p.AhXcn-]n-°s∏Sp-∂ Jp¿B≥- kq-IvX - ßƒ- tcJs∏Sp-Øm≥\_n-(k) GXm-\pw- A\p-Nc∑m-sc {]tXy-Iam-bn- G¬-]n-®n-cp∂p.A°m-eØv- Fgp-Xm-\p-]tbm-Kn-®n-c∂ ]\tbm-e,- F√p-Iƒ,- tXm ev,- ac∏eI,- an-\p-kap-≈ ]√p-Iƒ- F∂n-hbn-em-bn-cp-∂p- Ah¿Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-Xßƒ- Fgp-Xn-sh®n-cp-∂Xvv.- Jp¿B≥- kq-IvX ßƒ- AhXcn-°p-∂Xn-\\p-kcn-®v- Ah a\x-]m-Tam-°n-bn-cp-∂ klm-_n-Ifp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.- F∂m¬- {]hm-NIs≥-d Po-hn-XImeØv- Jp¿-B≥- {KŸcq-]Øn¬- kam-lcn-®n-cp-∂n-√.- At±lØn s≥-d Po-hn-Xm¥yw- hsc Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-Xßƒ- AhXcn-∏n°s∏Sm≥- km-[y-Xbp-s≠∂ {]Xo-£bn-em-bn-cp-∂p- A∂v- AXvt{Im-Uo-Icn-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv.{]hm-NIhn-tbm-KØn-\p-tijw-,- H∂mw- Jeo-^bm-b A_q_ °dn-(d)s≥-d Im-eØv- aX{`jv-Scp-am-bn- bam-abn¬-sh®p- \S∂ bp-≤Øn¬- Jp¿-B≥- a\x-]m-Tam-°n-bn-cp-∂ Ip-sdtbsd alØp °ƒ- cIv-Xkm-£n-Ifm-bn.- At∏mƒ- Dadp-_v-\p¬- JØm-_n-s≥d \n¿-tZi{]Im-cw- A_q-_°¿- (d) Jp¿-B≥- t{Im-Uo-Icn-°m≥Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.- Jp-¿-B≥- kq-£v-aam-bpw- ]q¿-Wam-bpw- lrZn-kv-Yam °nbn-cp-∂ sskZp-_v-\p- km-_n-Øn-s\bm-Wv- Cu- IrXyw- At± lw- G¬-]n-®Xv.- sskZv- kam-lcn-®v- Hcp- {KŸØn-s≥-d N´°qSn ¬- HXp-°n-b Jp-¿-B\n-s≥-d BZy-sØ tIm-∏n- A_q-_°¿- (d) kq-£n-®p.- Ckve - mw- \m-\m-Zn-°p-Ifn-te°pw- {]Ncn-®t∏mƒ- hyXykv-X {]tZißfn¬- ssieo-hy-Xym-kØn-\\p-kcn-®v- Jp¿-B≥-

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]m-cm-bWØn¬- Nn-e kz-ct`Zßƒ- I≠p-Xp-Sßn-.- CXv- ]cn-lcn°m-\m-bn- aq-∂mw- Jeo-^bm-bn-cp-∂ Dkv-am≥- (d) \m-ev- {]ap-J∑m sc Jp¿-B≥- ]I¿-∏p-Ifp-≠m-°m≥- Np-Xes∏Sp-Øn.- A_q_ °dn-s≥-d Im-eØv- t{Im-Uo-Icn-°s∏´ Jp¿-B≥- tIm-∏n-sb Ah ew-_am-°n-bpw- AXp- sNbv-X sskZv-_p-\p-km-_n-Øn-s≥-d ta¬t\m-´Øn-ep-am-bn-cp-∂p {]kv-Xp-X tIm-∏n-Ifp-sS \n¿-am-Ww- \S ∂Xv.- B tIm-∏n-Ifn-sem-∂v- Dkv-am≥- (d) kq-£n-°p-Ibpw- a‰paq-s∂Æw- Iq-^,- _kd,- imw- F∂n-hn-Sßfn-te°v- Ab°p-IbpwsNbv-Xp.- Cu- {]Xn-Ifn-sem-∂v- Xm-jv-°≥-dn-se Dkv-_°v- Ncn{X ayq-kn-bØn¬- C∂pw- kq-£n-®p-s®n-´p-≠v.- {]kv-Xp-X tIm∏n-bpambn- bm-sXm-cp- hy-Xym-khpw- ]p-e¿-Øm-ØXm-Wv- C∂p-]tbm-Kn° s∏Sp-∂ Jp¿-B≥- tIm-∏n-Isf√mw- Xs∂. AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ cq-]Øn¬- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ GI thZ{KŸwJp¿-B\s{X.- AXn¬- ssIISØep-Itfm- am-‰Øn-cp-Øep-ItfmD≠m-bn-´n-s√∂Xn-\v- Ncn-{Xw- km-£n-bm-Wv.- Jp¿B\n-s≥-d BZyIm-ew- ap-X¬-°p-Xs∂bp-≈ \n-e\n¬-∏v- AXn¬- Fs¥¶n-epwco-Xn-bn-ep-≈ ssIISØep-Iƒ- h∂p- `hn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥{]tXy-Iw- kw-c£Wap-≈ co-Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p.- a‰p- thZ{KŸß sft∏m-se GXm-\pw- Nn-e hy-Iv-Xn-Ifn¬- ]cn-an-Xam-bn-cp-∂n-√Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d D]tbm-Kw-.- ap-kv-enw- kaq-lØn¬- hym-]Iam-bpw]cky-am-bpw- D]tbmKn-°s∏´n-cp-∂ {KŸam-bn-cp-∂p- AXv.- Znt\ \bp-≈ A©p- \akv-Im-cßfn-epw- cm-{Xn-bn-ep-≈ \akv-Im-cØn epw- Jp¿-B≥- Bh¿-Øn-®p- ]m-cm-bWw- sNøs∏´p-sIm-≠n-cn°p∂p.- BZy-Im-ew- ap-X¬-°n-∂p-hscbp-≈ ap-ke v- n-wI - sf√mw- Xßfp sS aXkm-aq-ly-cw-Kßfnse \n-bam-henbm-bn- kzo-Icn-°p-∂ {KŸam-WXv.- AXp-sIm-≠v- Xs∂ AXn¬- Bsc¶n-epw- h√ XncpØep-Ifpw- hcp-Øn-bm¬- Xs∂ AXn-io-{Lw- I≠p-]n-Sn-°s∏Spw.tem-Im-hkm-\w- hsc am-‰Øn-cp-Øp-Isfm-∂pw- Iq-Sm-sX Jp¿-B\n se ap-gp-h≥- hN\ßfpw- kw-c£n-°p-sa∂ _m-[y-X A√m-lpGs‰Sp-ØXp- sIm-≠p-Xs∂ AXn¬- Fs¥¶n-epwco-Xn-bn-ep≈ Xn-cp-Øp-Iƒ- hcm≥- km[y-Xbn-s√∂m-Wv- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- hnizkn-°p-∂Xvv- A√m-lp- ]dbp-∂Xm-bn- Jp¿-B≥- D≤cn-°p-∂XvImWp-I: "Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \m-am-Wv- B D¬-t_m-[\w- AhXcn-∏n-

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®Xv.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \mw- Xs∂ AXn-s\ Im-Øp-kq-£n-°∂Xp amWv.'-1 Jp¿-B\m-Wv- Ckv-em-an-s≥-d- H∂m-asØ {]am-Ww.- AXn-se \n-bakw-ln-Xb\p-kcn-®m-Wv- ap-kv-enw-Iƒ- Po-hn-t°≠Xvv.- Jp¿ B≥- {]Zm\w-sNøp-∂ \n-baßƒ- km¿hIm-en-Ihpw- km¿-heuIn-Ihp-am-Wv.- A¥y-\mƒ-hscbp-≈ ap-gp-h≥- a\p-jy¿-°p-ap-≈ am¿-KZ¿-iI {KŸas{X AXv.- AXv- Hcp- thZ{KŸsa∂t]m-se ap-lΩZv- \_n-bp-sS {]hm-NIXz-Øn-\p-≈ ZrjvS- m-¥w- Iq-Sn-bmWv.AXn-s≥d APøXbpw- AXyp-∂Xn-bpw- AXv- ssZhØn¬- \n∂p≈Xm-sW∂v- hy-Iv-Xam-°p-∂p.ap-ºp-≈ thZ{KŸßfp-sS kXy-Xbn¬- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂tXm sSm-∏w- ]q¿-Wcq-]Øn¬- C∂p- \n-e\n¬-°p-∂ GIthZ{KŸam b hn-ip-≤Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ-°\p-kcn-®v- kz-Pohn Xw- Nn-´s∏Sp-tØ≠Xv- Hm-tcm- hn-iz-kn-bp-sSbpw ISabm-Wv.-

1. Jp¿-B≥- 15: 9

Hº-X-v {]hm-NI∑m-cn-ep-≈ hn-izm-kwkm-aq-ln-IPo-hn-bm-b a\p-jy-\v- Ahs≥-d P∑hm-k\tbm- B¿Pn-Xam-b Adn-thm- am-{Xw- ASn-kvY - m-\am-°n- Po-hn-°p-hm≥- km[yas√∂p- \ap-°dn-bmw.- Ah∂v- ssZhn-Iam-b am¿-K\n¿tZiß fm-hiy-am-Wv.- \∑sbbpw- Xn-∑sbbpw- hy-IvX - am-bn- hy-htOZn®dnbm≥- am-\hcm-in-bp-sS ssIhiw- ssZhn-Iam¿-KZ¿-i\sa∂ Af hp-tIm¬- am-{Xam-Wp-≈Xv.- {]kv-Xp-X hn-[n-hn-e°p-Ifp-am-bm-WvthZ{KŸßƒ- AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´Xv.- shdp-sX thZ{KŸßfhX cn-∏n-°p-I am-{Xa√ ]S®Xºp-cm≥- sNbvX - Xv.- thZXØ-zß - f\pk cn-®v- Fßs\ Po-hn-°Wsa∂v- ]Tn-∏n-°m≥- Ah≥- {]hm-NI∑m sc Ab®p. ssZhnI- hn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- Xn-I®pw- {]m-tbm-Kn-Iam sW∂v- kz-Po-hn-XØn-eq-sS sXfn-bn-®hcm-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m≥.]S®Xºp-cm-s≥d am¿-K\n¿-tZi{]Im-cw- Po-hn-°p-I Zp-jv-Icam sW∂v- a\p-jy-\v- ]dbm-\p-≈ Ahkcw- \¬-Im-Ø hn-[Øn-em Wv- {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS \n-tbm-Kap-≠m-bn-´p-≈Xv.F∂m¬,- F°m-esØbpw- Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ- {]hm-NI∑m-sc \n-tj[n-°p-∂Xn-\v- X°Xm-b \ym-bw- Is≠Øn-bn-cp-∂p.-A√m lp- a\p-jy-sc t\¿-am¿-KØnem-°p-hm≥- th≠n- {]hm-NI\m-bnF¥p-sIm-s≠m-cp- ae°n-s\ ]d™b°p-∂n-√ F∂m-bn-cp-∂p{]kv-Xp-X \ym-bhm-Zßfn-sem-∂v.- A¥y-{]hm-NI\m-b ap-lΩZv\_n-bp-sS Im-eØpw- kXy-\n-tj[n-Iƒ- {]kv-Xp-X hm-Zap-∂bn °p-Ibp-≠m-bn.- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "Cbm-fp-sS ta¬-

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Hcp- ae°v- Cd°s∏SØsX¥m-sW∂pw- Ah¿- ]dbp-Ibp-≠m bn.- F∂m¬- \mw- ae°n-s\ Cd°n-bn-cp-∂p-sh¶n¬- Im-cyw- (A¥naam-bn-) Xo-cp-am-\n-°s∏Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p-.- ]n-∂o-Sh¿-°v- kabw- \o´n-°n-´p-ambn-cp-∂n-√.- C\n- \mw- Hcp- ae°n-s\ (Zq-X\m-bn) \n-ivNbn-°p-Ibm-sW¶n¬- Xs∂ B ae°n-s\bpw- \mw- ]p-cp-jcq] Øn-em-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.- (C∂v-) Ah¿- Bib°p-g∏ap-≠m-°p-∂ hn-jbØn¬- (At∏m-gpw-) \mw- Ah¿-°v- kw-ibap-≠m-°p∂XmWv'1"(\_n-tb-) ]dbp-I: `q-an-bn-ep-≈Xv- im¥cm-bn- \S∂p-t]mIp-∂ ae°p-Ifm-bn-cp-s∂¶n¬- Ahcn-te°v- BIm-iØp-\n-∂vHcp- ae°n-s\Øs∂ \mw- Zq-X\m-bn- Cd°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.-'2- `q-anbn¬- Po-hn-°p-∂Xv- a\p-jy-cm-sW∂Xn-\m¬- Chn-tS°v- ssZhnI hn[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm≥- \n-bp-IvX - cm-th≠Xv- a\p-jy¿Xs∂bm-sW∂ hkv-Xp-X hy-Iv-Xam-°p-IbmWn-hn-sS Jp¿-B≥sNøp-∂Xvv-.a\p-jy-cn¬- \n-∂v- Xcs™Sp-Øb® {]hm-NI∑m-sc∂ Ckv em-an-Ik¶¬-]Øn-\p- ]Icw- ]S®Xºp-cm≥- Xs∂ PUw- kzo Icn-®v- `q-anbn-te°n-dßn-h∂v- a\p-jy-sc [¿-aØn¬- hgn-\SØpIbm-Wv- sNøp-∂sX∂ Hcp- hn-izm-khpw- Nn-e P\hn-`m-ßfn¬\n-e\n¬-°p-∂p-≠v.- ln-µpaXØn-se AhXm-ck¶¬-]Øn-s≥d ASn-kv-Ym-\w- Cu- hn-izm-kas{X.- `KhZv-Ko-Xbn-se kp-{]kn≤am b Irjv-tWm-]tZi{]Im-cw- "[¿-aØn-\v- £bw-kw-`hn-°p-IbpwA[¿-aw- {]_eam-hp-Ibpw- sNøptºmƒ- kPvP - \ßsf c£n°pIbpw- Zp-jv-S∑m-sc in-£n-°p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp-sIm-≠v- [¿-aw- kvYm]n-°p-hm-\m-bn- `Khm≥- a\p-jy-cq-]w- ]q-≠Xm-Wv- AhXm-cw.-'3ln-µp-aX ]fin-X∑m-cn-sem-cm-fm-b {io.- Achn-µ al¿-jn- ]dbp ∂Xv- "\mw- Xm-sg\n-∂v- F¥m-bn hn-Ikn-°Wtam- AXn-s\ apI fn¬- \n-∂v- sFiz-cy- iIv-Xn- Bhn-jv-Icn-®p- Im-Wn-°p-∂XmWvAhXm-cw'-4 F∂m-Wv.- {][m-\am-bpw- ]Øv- AhXm-cßfm-Wp≈sX∂m-Wv- ln-µp-aX hn-izm-kw.- a¬-kyw,- Iq¿-aw,- hcm-lw,1. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 8, 9 2. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 95 3. `KhXv-Ko-X 4: 7,- 8 4. Sri Aravind: The Message of Gita; Page 58

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\cknw-lw,- hm-a\≥,- ]cip-cm-a≥,- {io-cm-a≥,- {io-Irjv-W≥,- _e cm-a≥,- I¬-°n- F∂n-hcm-Wh.- CXn¬- I¬-°n-sbm-gn-®v- _m°nAhXm-cßsf√mw- tem-IØv- [¿-akw-kY v- m-]\w- km-[n-®p-sh∂pwIen-bp-KØn¬- Ahkm-\sØ AhXm-cam-b I¬-°n- IS∂p-hcpsa∂p-am-Wv- sslµh¿- hn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xv.ssZhØn-s≥-d hn-ip-≤krjvS- n-Ifm-b ae°p-Iƒ- ssZhZq-X∑mcm-bn- hcp-tºm-gp-≈ A]m-IX Xs∂ {kjv-Sm-hm-b ssZhw- PUwcq-]w- kzo-Icn-°p-tºm-gp-ap-≠m-hp-∂p.- ssZhw- ]cn-ip-≤\pw- sX‰p]‰m-Øh\pw- Zp¿-_ehnIm-cßƒ-°v- hiw-hZ\m-Im-Øh\p-am-Wv.hn-Im-cßfpw- hn-Nm-cßfp-ap-≈,- sX‰pw- icn-bpw- sNøm≥- Ahkc ap-≈,- ]cn-ip-≤\pw- ]XnX\p-am-Im≥- km-[n-°p-∂ a\p-jy-\vssZhw- am-XrI Im-Wn-°p-∂sXßs\bm-Wv?- Hcp-ZmlcWw: ssZhØn-\v- `£Wam-hiy-an-√.- a\p-jy-\v- `£Wan-√m-sX Pohn°p-hm-\m-In-√.- ssZh{]o-Xn-°p-th≠n- D]hkn-°Wsa∂p-]tZin °p-∂ ssZhm-hXm-ctØm-Sv- P\ßƒ-°v- Xn-cn-®p- tNm-Zn-°mw: "Xm ¶ƒ-°v- `£Wan-√m-sX F{XIm-ehpw- Ign-bm-\m-Ipw.- Rßƒ°Xn-\m-hn-√.- AXp-sIm-≠v- D]hkn-°m≥- Rßƒ-°v- Ign-bn-√'.AhXm-ck¶¬-]Øn-s≥-d A]cym-]v-XXbm-Wn-hn-sS \ap-°vt_m-[y-am-Ip-∂Xv-; Ckv-em-an-se {]hm-NIk¶¬-]Øn-s≥-d bpIvXn-`{ZXbpw.CtX sshcp-[-y-am-Wv- "PU-Øn-ehXcn-®'- ssZhw- Xs∂bmWvtbip-{In-kv-Xp-sh∂ ss{Ikv-Xhhn-izm-kØn-\pw- h∂p-`hn-°p ∂Xv.- {In-kv-Xp-hn¬- ssZhkz-`m-hhpw- a\p-jy-kz-`m-hhpw- ktΩfn°p-∂p-sh∂ ss{Ikv-Xhhn-izm-kØn-\\p-krXam-bn- kphnti jßfn-se tbip-hn-s≥-d kz-`m-hßsf hym-Jym-\n-°p-∂Xn¬- k` ]cm-Pbs∏Sp-∂Xpw- Cu- sshNn-Xyw -sIm-≠m-Wv.- ssZhsam-cn° epw- am-\p-j-cq-]w- ]q-≠n-´n-s√∂ Ckv-em-an-Ihn-izm-kØn-s≥-d A{]am-Zn-Xz-am-Wv- Chn-sSbpw- \ap-°v- t_m-[y-am-Ip∂Xv.ssZh\n-bp-IX v- cm-b F√m- {]hm-NI∑mcn-epw- hn-iz-knt°≠XvHm-tcm- kXy-hn-izm-kn-bp-sSbpw- \n¿-_\v-[am-b _m-[y-Xbm-Wv.Nn-e {]hm-NI∑m-cn¬- am-{Xw- hn-iz-kn-®p-sIm-≠v- a‰p-≈hsc \n tj[n-°p-∂ thZ°m-cn¬- Nn-ecp-sS \S]Sn-sb iIv-Xam-b `mj bn¬- Jp¿-B≥- hn-a¿-in-°p-∂p.- am-{Xha√ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-

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bm-sXm-cp- Im-cWhim-epw- {]hm-NI∑m¿-°n-Sbn¬- hn-thN\wI¬-∏n-°m≥- ]m-Sn-s√∂v- Jp¿-B≥- \njvI - ¿-jn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp∂p≠v.- "\n-ßƒ- ]dbp-I: A√m-lp-hn-epw- Ah¶¬\n-∂v- Rßƒ-°vAhXcn-∏n-®p- In-´n-bXn-epw- C_v-dm-lo-an-\pw- Ckv-am-Cu-en-\pwCkvlm-Jn\pw- bAvJ - q-_n-\pw- bAvJ - q-_v- k¥Xn-Iƒ-°pw- AhX cn∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-ØXn-epw- aq-km,- Cu-km- F∂n-h¿-°v- \¬-Is∏´Xnepw- k¿-h{]hm-NI∑m¿-°pw- Ahcp-sS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬- \n-∂v\¬Is∏´Xn-epw- Rßƒ- hn-iz-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.- Ahcn¬- B¿°nSbnepw- Rßƒ- hn-thN\w- I¬-∏n-°p-∂n-√.- Rßƒ- Ah∂v(A√m-lp-hn-\v-) Io-gv-s∏´v- Po-hn-°p-∂hcp-am-Ip-∂p.'-1 "A√m-lp-hn-epw- Ahs≥-d Zq-X∑m-cn-epw- Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw(hn-izm-kIm-cy-Øn¬-) A√m-lp-hn-\pw- Ahs≥d Zq-X∑m¿-°p-anS bn¬- hn-thN\w- I¬-∏n-°m-\m-{Kln-°p-Ibpw- "Rßƒ- Nn-ecn¬hn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw- Nn-esc \n-tj[n-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂p'-sh∂v]dbp-Ibpw- Aßs\ AXn-\n-Sbn¬- (hn-izm-kØn-\pw- Ahn-izm kØn-\pan-Sbn¬-) as‰m-cp- am¿-Kw- kzo-Icn-°m-\p-t±in-°p-IbpwsNøp-∂hcm-tcm- Ah¿- Xs∂bm-Ip-∂p bYm¿-Y-Øn¬- kXy-\ntj[n-Iƒ.- kXy-\n-tj[n-Iƒ-°v- A]am-\Icam-b in-£ \mwHcp-°n-sh®n-´p-≠v'-2 a\p-jy-sc t\¿-am¿-KØn-te°v- £Wn-°p-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p- {]hm NI∑m-cp-sS I¿-Øhyw-.- ssZhn-Ihn-[n-hn-e°p-Iƒ- ]n≥-]‰n-s°m ≠v- hn-ip-≤am-b Po-hn-Xw- \bn-®m¬- Cltem-IØv- im-¥n-bpw]ctem-IØv- ku-Jy-hp-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂pw- Ahsb AhKWn-®psIm-≠v- X∂n-jv-SØn-s≥-d ]m-Xbn¬- k©cn-®m¬- ClØn¬\n-cm-ibpw- acWm-\¥cw- imiz-Xam-b \cIin-£bp-am-Wv- e`n°pIsb∂pw- ap-∂dn-bn-∏p- \¬-Ip-hm≥- th≠n-bm-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m¿\nbp-Iv-Xcm-bXv.- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- kt¥m-jhm-¿-ØbpwkXy-\n-tj[n-Iƒ-°v- Xm-°o-Xpw- \¬-Ip-Ibm-bn-cp-∂p {]hm-NI\ntbm-KØn-s≥-d e£yw-.- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- {i≤n-°pI.- "a\pjy ¿- Hscm-‰ kap-Zm-bam-bn-cp-∂p.- A\¥cw- (Ah¿- `n-∂n-®t∏mƒhn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v-) kt¥m-jhm¿-Ø Adn-bn-°p-hm-\pw- (\n-tj[n 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 136 2. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 150, 151

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Iƒ-°v-) Xm-°o-Xv- \¬-Ip-hm-\p-am-bn- A√m-lp- {]hm-NI∑m-sc \n-tbm-Kn-®p'-1 ssZhn-Iam¿-KZ¿-i\w- am-\hcm-in-bp-sS sam-ØØn-ep-≈ HcpA\n-hm-cy-Xbm-sW∂Xn-\m¬- Xs∂ F√m- P\kaq-lßfnte °pw- {]hm-NI∑m¿- \ntbm-Kn-°s∏ń-´p-≠v.- Jp¿-B≥- C°m-cywBh¿-Øn-®p- hy-Iv-Xam-°p-∂p-≠v.- "Xo¿-®bm-bpw- Hm-tcm- kap-Zmb Øn-epw- \mw- Zq-Xs\ \n-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v.- \n-ßƒ- A√m-lp-hn-s\ Bcm-[n-°p-Ibpw- Zp¿-aq¿-Øn-Isf shSn-bp-Ibpw- sNøWsa∂v{]-t_m-[\w- sNøp-∂Xn-\p- th≠n'-.2- Hcp- Xm-°o-Xp-Im-c≥- Ign ™p-t]m-Im-Ø Hcp- kap-Zm-bhp-an-√'.-3C{km-bo¬- Xdhm-ń-te°pam-{Xam-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m-sc√m-hcpw- IS∂p-h∂n-´p-≈sX∂ blqZ ∑m-cp-sS hm-ZsØ s]m-fn-s®gp-Xp-Ibpw- Iq-Sn- sNøp-IbmWn-hnsS Jp¿-B≥.- hy-Xy-kv-X kaq-lßfn-te°v- Ab°s∏´ {]hmNI ∑m¿-°v- P\ßfp-sS `m-jbn-em-bn-cp-∂p- ssZhn-It_m-[\w- e`n®ncp-∂Xv;- P\ßfp-am-bn- {]hm-NI\v- Ffp-∏Øn¬- Bibhn-\n-abw\SØm≥- CXv- klm-bIam-Ip-sa∂v- ]dtb≠Xn-√t√m.- Jp¿-B≥]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "bm-sXm-cp- ssZhZq-Xs\bpw- Xs≥-d P\X bv° - v- Im-cy-ßƒ- hn-iZo-Icn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n,- AhcpsS `m-jbn¬- (ktµiw- \¬-In-s°m-≠v-) A√m-sX \mw- \n-tbm-Kn®n-ń-√.-'-4 Ccp-]Øn-b©v- {]hm-NI∑m-sc°p-dn-®m-Wv- Jp¿-B\n¬- ]cm a¿-iap-≈Xv.- BZw,- \q-lv,- CZv-co-kv,- lq-Zv,- km-en-lv,- C_v-dm-low,Ckv-am-bo¬,- Ckv-lm-Jv,- eq-Øv,- bAv-Jq-_v,- ip-sF_v,- aq-km,lm-dq≥,- C¬-bm-kv,- A¬-bkAv,- Zm-hq-Zv,- bq-\p-kv,- Zp¬-In-^v¬,kp-sseam≥,- Aøq-_v,- k°cn-øm,- blv-bm,- Cu-km,- ap-lΩZvF∂n-hcm-WXv.- Chcn¬- Nn-ecp-sS Ncn-{Xw- hn-iZam-bn-Øs∂ Jp¿-B≥- {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p-≠v.- F∂m¬, a‰p- Nn-esc°p-dn-®v- sNdn b ]cm-a¿-ißƒ- am-{Xam-Wp-≈Xv.- Nn-e {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS \m aØn-ep≈ A[ym-bßƒ- Xs∂ Jp¿-B\n-ep-≠v.- Bbn-c°W°n \v- {]hm-NI∑m¿- \n-tbm-Kn-°s∏´Xn¬-\n-∂v- Xn-cs™Sp-Ø Nne 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 213 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 36 3. Jp¿-B≥- 35: 24 4. Jp¿-B≥- 14: 4

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ssZhZq-X∑m-sc°p-dn-®v- am-{Xsa Jp¿-B≥- hn-hcn-°p-∂p-≈q-sh∂ hkv-Xp-Xbn-te°v- Jp¿-B≥- Xs∂ hn-c¬-Nq-≠p-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I."\n-\°v-ap-ºv- \mw- ]e Zq-X∑m-scbpw- Ab®n-´p-≠v.- Ahcn¬- Nne sc∏‰n- \mw- \n\°v- hn-hcn-®p- X∂n-´p-≠v.- Ah-cn-¬- Nn-esc∏‰n \mw- \n-\°v- hn-hcn-®p- X∂n-´n-√'.-1 a\p-jy¿-°v- am-XrI Im-Wn-®psIm-Sp-°p-hm≥- th≠n- h∂ {]hm-NI∑m-sc√m-hcpw- am-XrIm-tbmKy-am-b Po-hn-Xw- \bn-®hcm-bn-cp-∂p.- kXy-k‘cpw- k∑m¿-K\njvTcp-am-bn-cp-∂p- ssZhZq-X∑m¿.- h©\tbm- Im-]Sy-tam- Ahcn-ep ≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.- C°m-cy-ßƒ- Jp¿-B≥- Bh¿-Øn-®p- hy-Iv-Xam°p-∂p-≠v.- "Ahsc ({]hm-NI∑m-sc)bm-Wv- A√m-lp- t\¿-am¿ KØn-em-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv.- AXn-\m¬- Ahcp-sS t\¿-am¿-KsØ \o- ]n-¥p-S¿-∂p-sIm-≈p-I.'-2 "Ahsc \mw- \Ωp-sS I¬]-\{]Im-cwam¿-KZ¿-i\w- \¬-Ip∂ \m-bI∑m-cm-°p-Ibpw- sNbvX - p'.-3 "Hcp- {]hm-NI\pw- h√Xpw- h©ns®Sp-°p-Isb∂Xv- D≠m-hp-Ibn-√.'-4.-hn-ip-≤ Jp¿-B≥- {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS Ncn-{Xw- {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂XvAhcp-sS am-XrIm-tbm-Ky-am-b Po-hn-Xw- hc®p-Im-Wn-°p-hm≥th≠n-bm-Wv.- Ncn-{X IY\Øn-\pth≠n-bp--≈ Ncn-{X IY\sa∂ ss__nƒssien- Jp¿-B\n-\v- A]cn-Nn-Xam-Wv.- AXv- Ncn-{Xw]dbp-∂Xv- Ncn-{XØn¬- \n-∂v- a\p-jy≥- ]m-Tapƒ-s°m-≈p-hm≥th≠n-bm-Wv.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Xßfp-sS Zp¿-hrØn-Isf \ym bo-Icn-°p-hm≥- th≠n- {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS Ncn-{XØn¬- blq-ZnIƒISØn-°q-´n-b {]hm-NIXz-Øn-\v- Xo-sc tbm-Pn-°m-Ø \oNhr Øn-Isf°p-dn-®v- bm-sXm-cp- kq-N\bpw- Jp¿B\n-en-√.- ktZmw]´WØn-se P\ßsf kXyam¿-KØn-te°v- £Wn-°phm≥\nbp-IvX - \m-b {]hm-NI\m-Wv- Jp¿-B\n-I ho-£WØn¬- eqØv\_n-(A); ]p-{Xn-am-cp-am-bn- can-® hy-IvX - n-b√.- `cWN{Iw- Xncn°p∂tXm-sSm-∏w- Xs∂ ssZham¿-KØn¬- AScm-Sn-bn-cp-∂ alm\mb Hcp- ssZhZq-X\m-bn-´m-Wv- Jp¿-B≥- Zm-hq-Zv- \_n(A)sb ]cnN bs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xv; Xcp-Wn-Isf In-S∏dbn-seØn-°m-\m-bn- KqV 1. Jp¿-B≥- 40: 78 2. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 90 3. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 73 4. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 161

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X{¥ßƒ- ]b‰n-b cm-Pm-hm-b√.- {]hm-NI∑m-sc√m-hcpw- kXyk ‘cpw- k∑m¿-K\n-jv-Tcp-am-sW∂ Ckv-em-an-I hn-izm-kØn-\v]n≥-_eam-b co-Xn-bn-em-Wv- {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS Ncn-{Xw- Jp¿-B≥hn-hcn-°p-∂Xv.ap≥-Ign-™ {]hm-NI∑m-sc√m-cpw- GsX¶n-ep-sam-cp- {]tXyI {]tZiØn-tet°m- kap-Zm-bØn-tet°m- am-{Xam-bn- Ab°s∏´ hcm-bn-cp-∂p.- a\p-jy¿- hy-Xy-kv-X kaq-lßfmbn- Po-hn-®n-cp-∂,kaq-lßƒ- XΩn¬- C∂tØXp-t]m-sebp-≈ _\v-[ßfn-√m-Xn cp-∂ Im-eØv- AXp- am-{Xam-bn-cp-∂p- {]mtbmKn-Iw.- Cu- {]hmNI ∑m-sc√m-hcpw- tem-IØn-\p- ap-gp-h≥- A\p-{Klam-bn-s°m-≠v- hcm \n-cn-°p-∂ Hcp- alm-{]hm-NIs≥d BKa\sØ°p-dn-®p- {]hNn ®n-cp-∂p.- "Xßfp-sS ]°ep-≈ Xu-dm-Øn-epw- C≥-Po-en-epw- tcJ s∏Sp-Øs∏´Xm-bn- Ah¿-°v- Is≠Øm≥- Ign-bp-∂ B A£cPvRm-\an-√m-Ø {]hm-NI\m-b ssZhZq-Xs\ ]n≥-]‰p-∂h¿-°v'1- .Cu- {]hN\ßfn¬- Nn-eh C∂p-≈ ss__n-fn-epw- tcJs∏´pIn-S°p-∂p-≠v.- Ahsb°p-dn-®v- \mwap-ºv- N¿-®sNbv-Xp-ht√m.GsX¶n-epw- Hcp- {]tZiØn-t\m- kap-Zm-bØn-t\m- th≠n- am {Xw- Ab°s∏´ {]hm-NI\√ ap-lΩZv- \_n- (k). At±lw- ap gp-h≥- tem-IØn-s≥dbpw- {]hm-NI\m-Wv.- At±lØn-eq-sS AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ ktµißƒ- `q-an-bn-se Ahkm-\sØ a\p jy¿- hscbp-≈ F√m-h¿-°pw- kzo-Icn-°m≥- ]‰n-bm-Xm-Wv.tZi`m-jm- ]cn-K-W-\Iƒ-°Xo-Xam-bn- ap-gp-h≥- a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw{]hm-NI\m-Wv- ap-lΩZv- \_n-(k). \_n-tbm-Sv- ]dbm-\m-lzm-\wsNøp-∂ Hcp- Jp¿-B≥- kq-Iv-Xw- t\m-°p-I: "]dbp-I,- a\p-jytc Xo¿-®bm-bpw- Rm≥- \n-ßƒ-s°√m-ap-≈ A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d Zq-X\mIp-∂p'.-2 "\n-s∂ \mw- a\p-jy¿-°m-Iam-\w- kt¥m-jhm¿-Ø Adn-bn°p-∂h\pw- Xm-°o-Xv- \¬-Ip-∂h\pw- Bbn-s°m-≠v- Xs∂bmWvAb®n-´p-≈Xv.- ]t£,- a\p-jy-cn¬- A[n-It]cpw- Adn-bp-∂n-√'.3 {]hm-NI∑m-cp-sS {]hm-NIXz-Øn-\p-≈ sXfn-hm-bn- A√m-lp1. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 157 2. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 158 3. Jp¿-B≥- 34: 28

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Ahcn-eq-sS Aam-\p-jn-IZrjvSm-¥ßƒ- shfn-s∏Sp-Øm-dp-≠v.Xßƒ- ssZh\n-bp-IX v- cm-sW∂v- {]t_m-[n-Xkaq-lsØ t_m[ys∏Sp-Øp-hm-\p-XIp-∂hm-bn-bn-cp-∂p- {]kv-Xp-X Zrjv-Sm-¥ßƒ-.aq-km-\_n-°v- \¬-In-b k¿-∏am-bnam-dp-∂ hSn-bpw- {]Im-in-°p∂ ssI∏Øn-bpw- Cu-km-\_n- ap-tJ\ acn-®hsc Po-hn-∏n®XpwA‘sc kp-Js∏Sp-Øn-bXpw- CØcw- Aam-\p-jn-IZrjvSm¥ ßƒ-°p-≈ DZm-lcWßfm-Wv.- {]kv-Xp-X Zrjv-Sm-¥ßsfm-∂pw{]hm-NI∑m¿- Xßfp-sS kz-¥w- Ign-hp-]tbm-Kn-®v- sNbv-XXmbncp-∂n-√.- A√m-lp- Ah¿-°v- A\p-aXn-bpw- \n¿-tZihpw- \¬-InbXpsIm-≠v- am-{Xam-Wv- Ah¿-°v- Aam-\p-jn-IZrjvS- m-¥ßƒ- sNøm≥Ign-™Xv.- {]hm-NI∑m¿- ]d™Xm-bn- Jp¿-B≥- D≤cn-°p-∂p."A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d A\p-aXn- {]Im-ca√m-sX \n-ßƒ-°v- bm-sXmcpsXfn-hpw- sIm-≠p-h∂p- Xcm≥- Rßƒ-°m-hn-√.- A√m-lp-hn-s≥d taem-Wv- hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- `cta¬-∏n-t°≠Xv.'1 A√m-lp- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "\n-\°v- ap-ºv- \mw- ]e ZqX∑mscbpw- Ab®n-´p-≠v.- Ahcn¬- Nn-esc \mw- \n-\°v- hn-hcn-®pX∂n-´p-≠v.- Ahcn¬- Nn-esc∏‰n- \mw- \n-\°v- hn-hcn-®p- X∂n-´n √.- bm-sXm-cp- Zq-X\pw- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d A\p-aXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b√msX Hcp- Zrjv-Sm-¥w- sIm-≠p-hcm-\m-hn-√'-2.Hm-tcm- {]hm-NI∂pw- Ahcp-sS Im-eL´Øn-\\p-krXam-b Aam-\p-jn-I Zrjv-Sm-¥ßfm-Wv- \¬-Is∏Sp-Isb∂v- ]d™p ht√m.- aq-km-\_n-bp-sS P\X am-bm-Pmeßfm¬- ap-gp-In-bhcm bXp- s Im- ≠ m- W v - kIehn- [ am- b mPm- e ßsfbpw- sh√p- ∂ ]S®hs≥d Zrjv-Sm-¥am-b ]m-ºm-Ip-∂ hSn- At±lØn-\v- \¬Is∏´Xv.- sshZy-im-kv-{X hn-ZKv-[cm-bn-cp-∂ Cu-km-\_n-bp-sS P\Xbp-sS ap-ºn¬- At±lahXcn-∏n-® Aam-\p-jn-I Zrjv-Sm¥ßfm-bn-cp-∂p- acn-®hsc Po-hn-∏n-°epw- A‘¿-°v- Im-gv-N \¬Iep-sa√mw.- ]p-tcm-Kan-® B[p-\n-I sshZy-im-kv-{XØn-\p-t]mepw- hn-iZo-Icn-°m≥- k[n-°m-Ø A¬-`p-Xkw-`ßfm-Wv- Ah.ap-lΩZv-\_n-bp-sS P\X Ad_n- km-ln-Xy-cw-KsØ AXn-Imb∑m-cm-bn-cp-∂p.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ km-ln-Xy-Im-c∑m¿-s°m-∂pw4. Jp¿-B≥- 14: 11 5. Jp¿-B≥- 40: 78

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A\p-Icn-°m≥- Ign-bm-Ø Hcp- alØm-b Aam-\pjn-I Zrjv-Sm¥am-Wv- At±lØn-\v- \¬-Is∏´Xv.- {]kvX - p-X Aam-\p-jn-I ZrjvSm-¥as{X hn-ip-≤Jp¿-B≥.- Jp¿-B\m-Wv- ap-lΩZv- \_n-°v- \¬Is∏´ Aam-\p-jn-I Zrjv-Sm-¥w.- APøhpw- A\yq-\hpw- {]amZapIvX - hp-am-b Hcp- {KŸw.- km-ln-Xy-Im-c∑m¿-s°m-∂pw- A\p-Icn°phm≥- km-[n-°m-Ø ssien-bpw- LS\bp-am-Wv- AXn-s≥-d Hm-tcmkq-Iv-XØn-\p-ap-≈Xv.- a\p-jy¿- ap-gp-h\pw- Hcp-an-®v- {ian-®m¬- t]m epw- Jp¿-B\n-∂v- Xpey-am-sbm-cp- {KŸw- sIm-≠p-hcm≥- Ign-bn√."]dbp-I: Cu- Jp¿-B≥- t]m-sem-∂v- sIm-≠p-hcp-∂Xn-∂m-bn- a\p jy-cpw- Pn-∂p-Ifpw- H∂n-®v- tN¿-∂m-epw- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- AXp-t]m sem-∂v- Ah¿- sIm-≠p-hcn-Ibn-√.- Ahcn¬- Nn-e¿- Nn-e¿-°v- ]n¥pW \¬-Ip-∂Xm-bm¬- t]m-epw'.-1 a\p-jycmin-°v- ap-gp-h\p-am-bnam¿-KZ¿-i\w- \¬Ip-hm≥- th≠nAb°s∏´ ap-lΩZv- \_n-(k) {]hm-NI irw-Jebn-se Ahkm \sØ IÆn-bm-Wv.- At±lØn-\p- tijw- C\n- {]hm-NI∑m¿\n-tbm-Kn-°s∏Sp-Ibn-√.- At±lØn-eq-sS am-\hcm-in-°v- AhXcn ∏n-°s∏´ ssZhn-I\n-ba\n¿-tZißƒ- k¿-hIm-en-Ihpw- k¿h P\o-\hp-am-Wv.- C\n- Hcp- {]hm-NIs≥-d A\n-hm-cy-Xbn-√m-Ø hn-[w- ap-lΩZv-\ - _n-(k)bp-sS Po-hn-XØn-se hep-Xpw- sNdp-Xpam-b Hm-tcmkw-`hhpw- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- tcJs∏Sp-Øs∏´n-cn-°p-∂p.Ahkm-\ \m-fp-hscbp-≈ ap-gp-h≥- t]¿-°pw- B Po-hn-Xw- amXr Ibm-°m≥- km-[n-°p-∂Xn-\p-th≠n-bm-Wn-Xv.- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp∂p: "ap-lΩZv- \n-ßfp-sS ]p-cp-j∑m-cn¬- Hcm-fp-sSbpw- ]n-Xm-hm-bn-´n√.]t£,- At±lw- A√m-lphn-s≥-d Zq-X\pw- {]hm-NI∑m-cn¬Ahkm\sØ Bfp-am-Ip-∂p.'-2 ap-lΩZv-\_n-bp-sS A¥n-a{]hm-NIXz-Øn-\p-≈ hy-Iv-Xam sbm-cp- sXfnhm-Wv- hn-ip-≤Jp¿-B≥.- a‰p- {]hm-NI∑m¿-s°√mw\¬-Is∏´ Aam-\p-jn-I Zrjv-Sm-¥ßƒ- Ahcp-sS acWtØm-SpIq-Sn- Ahkm-\n-®p.- aq-kbp-sSbpw- Cu-km-bp-sSbpw- Aam-\p-jnI Zrjv-Sm-¥ßƒ- C∂p- tI´p-tIƒ-hn- am-{Xam-Wv.- F∂m¬- A¥n-a{]hm-NIs≥-d Aam-\p-jn-I ZrjvS- m-¥w- Ahkm-\ \m-fp-hsc \ne 1. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 88 2. Jp¿-B≥- 33: 40

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\n¬-°p-∂p-; F√m- P\ßƒ-°pw- AXn-s≥-d Aam-\p-jn-IX A\p` hn-®dn-bmw; ap-lΩZv- \_n-(k) {]hm-NI\m-sW∂v- Aw-Ko-Icn °mw.- Chn-sS tI´p-tIƒ-hn-bp-tStbm- k¶¬-∏ßfp-tStbm- {]iv \w- Xs∂bp-Zn-°p-∂n-√.- A¥n-a-{]hm-NIs≥-d Aam-\p-jn-I Zrjv Sm-¥w- A¥y-\m-fp-hsc \n-e\n¿-Øp-sa∂Xv- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d Hcphm-KZv- m-\am-Wv.- - "Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \m-am-Wv- B D¬-t_m-[\w- AhXcn∏n-®Xv.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \m-aXn-s\ Im-Øp-kq-£n-°p-∂Xm-Wv.'-1 Ahkm- \ \m- f p- h scbp- ≈ h¿- s °√mw- am- X rIbm- ° m≥aplΩZv- - \_n-bp-sS Po-hn-Xw- aXn.- At±lØn-s≥-d {]hm-NIXzØn-s≥-d kXy-X ]cntim-[n-°m≥- ap-lΩZv-\_n-°v- \¬-Is∏´ Aam- \ p- j n- I Zrjv - S m- ¥ w- ]cym- ] v - X am- W v . - At±lØn- e q- s S AhXcn-∏n-°s∏´ thZ{KŸam-Is´ sX‰p- ]‰m-ØXpw- kz-bw]cym-]v-Xhp-am-Wv.- AXp-sIm-≠v- Xs∂ ap-lΩZv- \_n-°v- tijwHcp- {]hm-NIs≥d Bhiy-an-√.- At±lw- "Jm-Øap-∂-_n-øo≥'BWv-; A¥n-a{]hm-NI≥.-

1. Jp¿-B≥- 15: 9

]-Øv]ctem-I hn-izm-kw`q-an-bn-se \m-bI\m-Wv- a\p-jy≥.- kz-X{¥am-b Akv-Xn-Xz tØmSp- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv- Ah¿- ]n-d∂p-hogp-∂Xv.- Cu- kzm-X{¥yw- a\p jy-s≥-d am-{Xw- {]tXy-IXbm-Wv.- a‰p- arKßsf√mw- {]IrXn-bp sS `m-Kßfm-bn- \n-esIm-≈p-tºmƒ-,- {]IrXn-bp-sS ]e LSIß fn-epw- Xs≥-d kzm-[o-\ap-d∏n-°p-hm≥- a\p-jy-\v- Ign-bp-∂XvAhs≥-d am-{Xw- {]tXy-Iam-b Akv-Xn-Xz-Øn-s≥-d kzm-X{¥ywsIm-≠m-Wv. a\p-jym-kvX - n-Xz-Øn-s≥-d km-[y-Xbp-sS c≠p- hncp≤ {[p-hßfm-Wn-h.- Xs≥-d _m-[y-XIsfbpw- km-[y-XIsfbpwa\ n-em-°n- Po-hn-°Wsa∂v- a\p-jy-s\ ]Tn-∏n-°m-\m-Wt√m{]hm-NI∑m¿- \n-bp-IX v- cm-bXv.- ssZhn-It_m-[\Øn-s≥-d ASnkvYm-\Øn¬,- a\p-jym-kv-Xn-Xz-Øn-s≥-d krjv-Sn-]cam-b km-[yX Iƒ- Fs¥√m-am-sW∂v- Ah¿- Ahcp-sS kaq-lsØ ]Tn-∏n-®p.ssZhn-Iam¿-K\n¿-tZißƒ-°\p-krXam-bn- Po-hn-°p-∂Xn-eq-sS am-{Xsa a\p-jy-\v- {kjvS- m-hv- \¬-In-b DZm-Øam-b kvY - m-\w- ssI hcn-°m≥- km-[n-°q- F∂Xm-bn-cp-∂p- {]hm-NI{]t_m-[\ßfp sS Im-X¬.aÆn¬- \n-∂m-Wv- a\p-jy≥- krjvS- n-°s∏´n-cn-°p-∂Xv.- PUØns≥-d krjv-Sn-°p-tijw- BXv-am-hv- \n-thin-Xam-bt∏m-gm-Wv- a\p jy≥- ssNX\y-ap-≈h\pw- krjv-Sn-Ifn¬- G‰hpw- DZm-Ø\p-am bXvv-.- AYhm,- aÆn-s≥-dbpw- BXv-am-hn-s≥-dbpw- ka\z-bam-Wva\p-jy≥.- Ch c≠n-s≥-dbpw- Kp-Wßƒ- Ah\n¬- ktΩfn-®n-cn-

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°p-∂p.- hn-i∏pw- Zm-lhpw- Im-a]q¿-Øo-IcWhpw- aÆn-s≥-d KpW ßfm-Wv.- kvt\lw,- Zb,- Im-cp-Wyw,- km-tlm-Zcyw,- [m¿-an-It_m [w,- k¬-kz-`m-hw,- k∑\ v,- tkh\k∂≤X,- BXv-am-¿-Y-X XpSßn-bhsb√mw- BXv-am-hn-s≥-d Kp-Wßfs{X.- {]hm-NI∑m¿]Tn-∏n-® ]m-Xbn-eq-sS k©cn-°p-∂h¿- BXv-am-hn-s\ hn-aeoIcn-°p-Ibpw- Aßs\ a\p-jym-kv-Xn-Xz-Øn-s≥-d DZm-Ø `m-hwssIhcn- ° p- I bpw- sNøp- ∂ p.- {]hm- N I{]t_m- [ \ßsf AhKWn-®p-sIm-≠v- X∂n-jv-S{]Im-cw- Po-hn-°p-∂h\m-Is´ `£Ww,- ]m-\o-bw,- Im-a]q¿-Øo-IcWw Xp-Sßn-b arKtNmZ \Ifn¬- ap-gp-Ip-∂p.- Aßs\ Ah≥- a\p-jym-kv-Xn-Xz-Øn-s≥-d G‰hpw- A[aam-b `m-hw- ssIhcn-°p-∂p.Xs≥-d arKo-bam-b tNm-Z\Iƒ- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°p-hm≥- a\p-jy\vP∑\m- Xs∂ Hcp- hm-k\bp-≠v-.- CXv- {]IrXn-]cam-b Hcm-hiyam-Wv.- ]t£,- Cu- Bhiyßƒ- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°p-hm≥- Ah≥ss]imNn-Iam-b am¿Kßƒ- kzo-Icn-®p-Iq-Sm.- F¥p-sIm-≠v- kzoIcn-®p-Iq-Sm?- s]m-Xp-sh {]tbm-P\{]n-bcm-b a\p-jy¿- kzm`mhn-Iam-bpw- D∂bn-°p-∂ tNm-Zy-am-Wn-Xv.- F¥n-\p-th≠n- Rm≥\∑sNøWw? F¥p-sIm-≠p- Xn-∑ sNbvX - p-Iq-Sm?- F¥n-\v- ssZhnIam¿-KZ¿-i\w- kzo-Icn-°Ww?- F¥p-sIm-≠v- X\n-jv-S{]Im-cwPo-hn-®p-Iq-Sm?\∑sNøWsa∂Xv- a\p-jy-s≥-d kzm-`m-hn-am-b B{Klßfnsem-∂m-Wv.- Xn-∑tbm-Sh∂v- shdp-∏m-Wv.- Xs≥-d Np-‰p-]m-Sp-IƒXn-∑°v- A\p-Iq-eam-Ip-tºm-gm-Wv- ss]im-Nn-Iam-b t{]cW°vhiw-hZ\m-bn- Xn-∑sNøm≥- Ah≥- t{]cn-X\m-hp-∂Xv-.- Xn-∑bnte°p-≈ H∂m-asØ Im¬-shbv-]v- ]et∏m-gpw- Xn-∑bp-sS temI Ønte°p-≈ hm-Xm-b\am-bnam-dm-dp-≠v.- AXp-sIm-≠v- Xs∂ Xn-∑sNøp-∂Xn-¬- \n-∂v- a\p-jy-sc XS™p-\n¿-tØ≠Xv- A\n hm-cy-am-Wv.- ]t£,- AsXßs\ km-[n-°pw?- \∑sNbvX - n-´pw- Xn∑ sNøm-Xn-cp-∂n-´pw- ù-Xn-Iam-bn- Fs¥¶n-epw- t\´ßfp-≠m-Ipsa∂v- A\p-`hØn¬- \n-∂v- a\p-jy≥- ]Tn-®n-ń-√.- \∑ sNøp∂h cn¬- ]ecpw- Ahchp-sS Np-‰p-]m-Sp-Ifn¬- Ijv-Ss∏Sp-∂Xm-bpwXn-∑ sNøp-∂h¿- kp-Jku-Icyßf\p-`hn-°p-∂Xm-bpw- a\pjy ≥- Im-Wp-∂p.- \∑bv-°pw- Xn-∑bv-°pw- X°Xm-b {]Xn-êw- e`n-

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°p-∂n-s√¶n¬- ]n-s∂sb¥n-\v- \∑ sNøWsa∂ tNm-Zyw- kzm`mhn-Iambpw- Ahs≥-d lrZbØn¬- \n-∂v- Dbcp-∂p.- \∑bv-°pwXn-∑bv-°pw- Ahbv-°\p-kcn-®p-≈ {]Xn-êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂ HcpthZn-°p-th≠n- Ahs≥-d a\ v- tIgp-∂p.a\p-jy-kaq-lØn-s≥-d \n-e\n¬-∏n-\p-th≠n- cq-]w-\¬-Is∏´ Hcp- km-aq-ly- kw-hn-[m-\am-Wt√m- cm-jv-{Sw.- Hm-tcm- cm-Py-Ønse bpw- ]u-c∑m¿- A\p-kcn-t°≠ H´\h[n- \n-baßfp-≠v.- {]kvXpX \n-baßf\p-kcn-°m-™m¬- AXv- tIm-SXn-bn-seØp-Ibpwin-£n-°s∏Sp-Ibpw- sNøp-sa∂ t_m-[Øm¬- cm-Py-Øn-se ]uc ∑m¿- Ah A\p-kcn-°p-∂p.- ]t£,- tIm-SXn-Iƒ- ssIIm-cywsNøm-\m-hm-Ø ]eXcw- {]iv-\ßfp-≠v.- sXfn-hp-Ifpw- km-£nIfp-am-Wv- tIm-SXn-°p- ap-ºn¬- kXy-sØbpw- AkXy-sØbpwth¿-Xn-cn-°m-\p-≈ Afhp-tIm-ep-Iƒ.- clky-am-bn- sNøp-∂ Ip‰ßƒ-°v- in-£ \¬-Ip-hm≥- km-[n-°p-Ibn-√.- sXfn-hp-Iƒ- \in∏n-®pw- km-£n-Isf kzm-[o-\n-®pw- \n-ba]m-eIsc ]m-ń-em-°nbpw- in-£n-°s∏Sm-sX \S°p-∂ F{Xsb{X Ip-‰hm-fn-Ifp-≠o`q-an-bn¬.- A\ym-bam-bn- kºm-Zn-®p- Iq-ń-b ]WwsIm-≠v- Xn-∑bpsS kz¿-Kw- hn-e°p-hm-ßn- Ahn-SsØ ssZhßfm-bnhn-ekp∂h¿.- Ah¿- cm-Pm-°∑m-cm-bn- P\n-°p-∂p.- cm-Pm-°∑m-cm-bnXs∂ acn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂p.- Ah¿- sNbv-X A{Iaßƒ-! A\o Xn-Iƒ-! sIm-e]m-XIßƒ-! Chsb√mw- {]Xn-Im-ca¿-ln-°p∂Xt√?- Xo¿-®bm-bpw-.- Ah¿- sNbv-X Ip-‰ßƒ-°v- in-£ \¬Iphm≥- Ign-bWw.- ]t£,- Bcp- \¬-Ipw?- Fßs\ \¬-Ipw?- Xn∑ sb shdp-°p-∂ a\p-jy-a\ v- a{¥n-°p-∂p-; Xn-∑bp-sS cmPm° ∑m¿-°v- X°Xm-b in-£\¬-Ip-∂ Hcp- {]Xn-êthZn- Bhiyam sW∂v-; {]kv-Xp-X thZn-bn¬- sh®v- Ah¿- sNbv-X sX‰p-Ip-‰ßƒHs∂m-∂m-bn- FSp-Øp-]d™p- in-£n-°Wsa∂v.C\n- CØcsam-cp- km-aq-ly-t{Zm-ln-sb GsX¶n-ep-sam-cp- tImS Xn- in-£n-®p-sh∂v- hn-Nm-cn-°p-I.- tIm-SXn-°v- \¬-Im-hp-∂ ]camh [n- in-£sb¥m-bn-cn-°pw?- Hcm-sf sIm-∂h\pw- \q-dp-t]sc sIm ∂h\pw- Bbn-c°W°n-\m-fp-Isf \n¿-Zbw- Iim-∏p-sNbv-Xh\psa√mw- \¬-Im-hp-∂ ]cam-h[n- in-£bm-Wv- acWin-£.- CXp\ym-bas√∂v- \Ωp-sS km-a[y-_p-≤n- hn-[n-°p-∂p.- Xßƒ-s°Xn-

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cm-bhsb√mw- \n¿Zm-£n-Wyw- C©n-©m-bn- sIm-es∏Sp-Øp-∂ At[m-tem-I\m-bI∑m-sc Bbn-cw- h´w- sIm-√m≥- hn-[n-®m-epwAh¿-°v- aXn-bm-b in-£bm-hp-Ibn-s√∂Xt√ hm-kX v- hw.- ]t£,{]kv-Xp-X in-£ \¬-Im≥- B¿-°p- km-[n-°pw?- Chn-SsØ \oXn\ym-b tIm-SXn-Iƒ-°mhn-s√∂p-d∏m-Wv.- Bbn-cw- {]m-hiyhpw- A Xn-e[n-Iw- {]m-hiy-hpw- sIm-√m≥- Ign-bp-∂ Hcp- thZnbp-≠m-bm¬am-{Xam-Wv- Ah¿-°v- X°Xm-b in-£ \¬-Im≥- k[n-°p-I.C\n- CXn-s≥d adp-hiw- Nn-¥n-°p-I.- \∑bv° - p- X°Xm-b- {]Xn êw- e`n-°p-hm-\p-≈ co-Xn-bn-em-tWm- Cu- `q-an- kw-hn-[m-\n° s∏ń-cn-°p-∂Xv?- Xn-∑bp-sS tIZm-cao-`q-hn¬- \∑sNøp-∂h\s{X t`m-j≥'- F∂ Ihn-hcn-Iƒ- Cltem-IsØ°p-dn-®v- am-{Xw- Nn¥n°ptºmƒ- F¥p-am-{Xw- icn-bm-Wv-! kXy-k‘cpw-,- k∑m¿-K\njvTcpw-,- Xym-Kn-Ifpw-,- \n-kzm¿-Y-cp-am-bn- Po-hn-®bm-fp-Ifn¬- ]e¿ °pw- Chn-sSsh®v- A\p-`hn-t°≠n-h∂n-´p-≈Xv- bm-X\IfpwthZ\Ifpw- am-{Xam-Wv.- Xym-Kßƒ- kln-®p-sIm-≠v- Ah¿- Imeb h\n-Ibv-°p-≈n¬- ad™pt]m-bn.- Ahc\p-`hn-® Xym-KßfpsS bpw- Ah¿- sNbv-X kZv-hrØn-Ifp-sSbpw- êw- A\p-h`n-°p-∂XvAXn-∂Sp-Ø Xeap-dIfm-Wv.- Ahcp-sS kv-acWt]m-epw- GXm \pw h¿-jßƒ- Ign-™m-¬- am-™pt]m-Ip-∂p.- At∏mƒ- AhcpsS \n-kz-m¿-Y-am-b tkh\ßƒ-°v- bm-sXm-cp- hn-ebp-an-s√t∂m-?Ahcp-sS k¬-°¿-aßƒ-°v- {]Xn-êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂n-s√¶n¬,k¬-°¿-aa\p-jT v- n-°Wsa∂v- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xn-s\¥p- hn-e?- k∑m¿ Kn-Iƒ-°v- X°Xm-b {]Xn-êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂ Hcp- thZn- Bhiyam-sW∂Xv- a\p-jy- _p-≤n-bp-sS hn-[n-bm-Wv.tIm-SXn-Ifp-sS Im-cyw- ]d™t√m.- Ahbv-°p- Af°m≥Ignbm-Ø Ip-‰IrXy-ßfn-t√?- [\\jv-SsØ°m-fpw- Po-h\jvS sØ°m-fpw- hep-Xm-Wv- am-\\jv-Ssa∂v- Icp-Xp-∂hcm-Wv- `q-cn] £w- P\ßƒ.- A\y-s≥-d A`n-am-\w- £Xs∏Sp-Øm≥ Nn-e¿-°vhen-b Xm¬-]cyam-Wv.- Ahcp-sS Nne ]Z{]tbm-Kßƒ aXn,a‰p- Nn-ecp-sS A`n-am-\w- XI¿-°p-hm≥.- AØcam-fp-Iƒ-s°Xnsc am-\\jv-SØn-\v- tIkp-sIm-Sp-°m-sa∂Xp icn-Xs∂v.- ]t£,Xs≥d a\ n-\p-≠m-b thZ\sb{Xbm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v- hm-Zn-°vtIm-SXn-bv-°p- ap-ºn¬ sXfn-bn-°m-\m-hn-√.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂

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AØcw- tIkpIfn-ep-≠m-hm-dp-≈ hn-[n- am-\jvS- Øn-s≥d D]t`m Kaq-eyw- t\m-°n-bm-Wp-≠m-hm-dp-≈Xv.- F{X hen-b am-\kn-ImLmXam-Wv- hm-Znbn¬- {]Xn-bp-sS ]Z{]tbm-Kßtfm- {]h¿Ø\ ßtfm- D≠m-°n-bn-´p-≈sX∂v- hy-Iv-Xam-bn- Adn-bm-hp-∂ \ymbm[n-]\v- am-{Xsa CØcw- Ip-‰ßƒ-°v- DNn-Xam-b in-£ hn-[n-°p hm≥- Ign-bq.- A\y-cp-sS a\ p- hm-bn-°m≥- Ign-bp-∂h¿- Cu- `q an-bn-en-√t√m.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ A\y-cp-sS a\ p- hm-bn-°m≥Ign-bp-∂ \y-bm-[n-]s≥-d km-∂n-[-y-Øn¬- CØcw- Ip-‰ßƒ- hn Nm-cWsNøs∏SWsa∂pw-\ym-bw- hn-[n-°s∏SWsa∂pw- a\pjy ¿- B{Kln-°p-∂p."Hcp- \y-mb - hn-[n- Bhiy-am-Wv.- \∑sbbpw- Xn-∑sbbpw- th¿Xncn-°p-∂ \ym-bhn-[n.- AXn-∂p-tijw- \∑bv° - v- {]Xn-êhpw- Xn∑ bv-°v- in-£bpw- \¬-Is∏SWw.- AXn-s≥d \ym-bm-[n-]≥- a\pjycp-sS a\ n-\IØp-≈sX√m-adn-bp-∂h\pww- ip-]m-¿-iIƒ-°vhiw-hZ\m-Im-Øh\p-am-IWw.'- CXpw- \∑tbm-Sv- Xm¬-]cy-ap-≈ a\p-jy-cp-sSsb√mw- B{Klam-Wv.- Ckve - m-an-se "]ctem-I hnizmkw'- Cu- B{KlØn-s≥-d ]q¿-Øo-IcWsØ°p-dn-®v- am-\hcmin°v- {]Xy-m-i \¬-Ip-∂p.- acWm-\¥cw- Hcp- Po-hn-Xap-s≠∂pwAhn-sSsh®v- Cltem-IsNbv-Xn-Iƒ-°v- X°Xm-b {]Xn-êw\¬-Is∏Sp-sa∂p-ap-≈ Im-cy-ßƒ- k¿-htem-I{kjvS- m-hm-b A√m lp- {]hm-NI∑m-cn-eq-sS a\p-jy-sc ]Tn-∏n-® XØ-z-ßfn-sem∂m Wv.- hn-ip-≤ Jp¿-B\n-se \s√m-cp- iXam-\w- kqIvX - ßƒ- acWm\¥c Po-hn-XsØ°p-dn-®v- ]cm-a¿-in-°p-∂hbm-Wv.H´\h[n- B{Klßfp-≈h\m-Wv- a\p-jy≥.- Ahs≥d CuB{Klßsf√mw- ]q¿-Øo-Icn-°p-hm≥- ]‰n-b co-Xn-bn-e√ Cu`q-an- kw-hn-[m-\n-°s∏ń-cn-°p-∂Xv.- Chn-sSsbm-cmƒ-°v- e`n-°p∂ Xv- icm-icn- Adp-]Xv-˛Fgp-]Xv- h¿-jam-Wv.- Xs≥d B{Klßfp sS ]q¿-Øo-IcWØn-\- v- Cu- Im-ebfhv- Xo-sc ]cn-an-Xas{X.- Bi Iƒ- ]q-hWn-bp-∂ \m-sfsb∂ kz-]v-\w- km-£m-Xv-Icn°s∏S Wsa¶n¬- acWØn-\p- tijw- Hcp- Po-hn-Xam-hiy-am-Wv.- A\izc am-b Hcp- Po-hn-Xw.-- Aßs\sbm-cp- Po-hn-XØn¬- sh®v- am-{Xsa a\p-jycp-sS BiIfpw- A`n-em-jßfpw- ]q¿-Wam-bpw- km-£mXv-Icn-°s∏Sp-Ibp-≈q.-

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acWm-\¥cPo-hn-XsØ°p-dn-® hnizm-kw- F√mw- ]p-cm-X\\mKcn-IXIfn-epw- Im-Wm≥- km-[n-°pw.- saks∏t´m-an-b≥- kw-kvImcw- ap-X¬- kn‘p-\Zo-XSkw-kvI - m-cw- hscbp-≈ \m-Kcn-IXIfn¬Po-hn-®n-cp-∂ a\p-jy¿-°v- acWm-\¥cPo-hn-XØn¬- AN©eam b hn-izm-kap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂m-Wv- D¬-J\\KthjWßƒhyIv-Xam-°p-∂Xv.- Cltem-IØv- \S°m-sX t]m-b \o-Xn-bp-sS km-£m-XvI - m-cw- ]ctem-IØv- \S°p-sa∂ hn-izm-kØn-\v- a\pjytcm-fw- ]g°ap-s≠∂¿-Y-w.acWm-\¥cw- a\p-jym-flm-hv- \in-°p-∂n-s√∂pw- AXv- ]p-\¿P \n-°p-sa∂p-ap-≈ hn-izm-kØn-s≥-d Im-cy-Øn¬- ssZhnIsa∂ hIm-is∏Sp-∂ aXßsf√mw GItZiw-- Htc A`n-{]m-bam-Wv{]ISn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.- ln-µp-aXØn-se ]p-\¿-P∑kn-≤m-¥w- am-{Xam Wv- C∆n-jbIam-bn- A¬-]w- hy-Xy-kvX - X ]p-e¿-Øp-∂Xv.- a\pjy∂v- `q-an-bn¬- Xs∂ hy-Xy-kvX - P∑ßfp-s≠∂m-Wv- ln-µp-°fpsS hn-izm-kw.- Hm-tcm- P∑Øn-sebpw- ]p-Wy-]m-]ßƒ-°\p-krXambn-´m-Wv- ASp-Ø P∑ap-≠m-Ip-∂Xs{X.- Om-tµm-tKym-]\n-jØv]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "Chcn¬- ]p-Wy-I¿-an-Ifm-bn-´p-≈h¿-- {_mlv-aWtbm-\n-bn-tem- £{Xn-btbm-\n-bn-tem- P\n-°p-∂p.- AipÌ¿-an-Iƒ- io-{Lw- Xs∂ \o-Ntbm-\n-Ifn¬-˛AXm-bXv- \m-bbptStbm- ]∂n-bp-sStbm- NWvUm-fs≥-dtbm- tbm-\n-bn¬- P\n-°p ∂p.'-1 a\p-jy-s≥-d k¬-I¿-aßfp-sS êam-bn- ASp-Ø P∑Øn¬Ah≥- th≠s∏´h\pw- Zp-jv-I¿-aßfp-sS êam-bn- ASp-Ø P∑Øn¬- shdp-°s∏´h\p-am-bn- P\n-°p-sa∂¿-Y-w.CX\p-kcn-®v- Ct∏mƒ- D∂XPm-Xn-bn¬- Po-hn-°p-∂h¿- Ign ™ P∑Øn¬- kp-IrXw- sNbv-Xhcm-bn-cn-°pw.- Ct∏mƒ- Xm-gv∂ Pm-Xn-°m-c\pw- ]ń-bpw- ]∂n-bp-am-bn- Po-hn-°p-∂h¿- Zp-jv-IrXywsNbv-Xhcp-am-bn-cn-°pw.- I¿-an-Ifp-sS Bflm-hn-\v- cq-]m-¥cwkw` hn-°p-∂n-√.- ]t£,- Cßs\ P\n-°p-∂h¿- Ahcp-sS ap-PvP ∑sØ∏‰n- tNm-Zn-®m¬- Ah¿- Adn-bn-s√∂m-Wv- DØcw ]dbpI.]∂n-t°m- ]ń-t°m- Xm-gv-∂ Pm-Xn-°m-ct\m- Xßƒ- A\p-`hn-®psIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ IjvS- ∏m-Sp-Iƒ- ap-ºp-sNbvX - ]m-]ßfp-sS êamsW∂v- Adn-bp-I t]m-ep-an-√.- Xs≥-d sNbv-Xn-Iƒ-°v- {]Xn-êw1. Omtµm-tKym-]\n-jØv- 5: 10: 7

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e`n-°p-tºmƒ- Xs≥-d GtXXv- {]h¿-Ø\ßƒ-°p-≈ {]Xnê am-Wv- e`n-°p-∂sX∂v- Adn-bp-∂n-s√¶n¬- B {]XnêØn-\v]n-s∂sb¥p- {]kv-IXn-bm-Wp-≈Xv?- ]p-\¿-P∑kn-≤m-¥{]Im-cw{]Xn-êw- \¬-Is∏Sp-∂h¿- CXp- {]Xnêam-tWm- F∂p-t]m epw- t_m-[hm∑m-c√.- AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ \∑bv° - pw- Xn-∑bv° - pw X°Xm-b {]Xn-êw- e`y-am-°Wsa∂ a\p-jy{]IrXn-bp-sS tX´sØ kw-Xr]v-Xam-°p-hm≥- ]p-\¿-P∑kn-≤m-¥Øn-\v- km-[n°n-√.am-{Xhp-a√,- ssk‘h\m-Kcn-IXbn-epw- thZIm-eØpw- C¥ybn¬- \n-e\n-∂n-cp-∂Xv- ]ctem-I Po-hn-XsØ°p-dn-® hn-izm-kam bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw- ]n-∂o-Sv- Nm-Xp¿-h¿-Wy- hy-hkv-Ybv-°\p-kcn-®vsshjv-Wh aXsØ am-‰nadn-°p-∂Xn-s≥-d `m-Kam-bm-Wv- ]p-\¿P ∑hn-izm-kap-≠m-bsX∂p-am-Wv- ]e ]fin-X∑mcp-sSbpw- A`n{]mbw-.1 ln-µp-aXØn-s≥-d aq-e {KŸßfn¬- Im-Ws∏Sp-∂Xv- ]c tem-I hn-izm-kam-sW∂pw- ]n-∂o-Sv- ISØn-°q-ń-bXm-Wv- ]p-\¿P ∑ hn-izm-ksa∂p-a¿-Y-w.acWm-\¥c Po-hn-XsØ°p-dn-®v- skan-‰n-Iv- aXßƒ-s°√mwGItZiw- kam-\am-b ho-£Wam-Wp-≈Xv.- acWØn-\p-tijwa\p-jy-sc√mw- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d k∂n-[n-bn¬- ]p-\¿-P\n-®v- Hcp-an ®p- Iq-´s∏Sp-Ibpw- Ahn-sS sh®v- {kjvS- m-hv- \ym-bhn-[n- \S∏m°pIbpw- \∑ sNbv-Xhsc kz-¿-KØn-te°pw- \n∑sNbv-Xhsc \cIØn-te°pw- ]d™b°psa∂p-am-Wv- blq-Z˛ ss{IkvXh ˛Ckv-emw- aXßfp-sS s]m-Xp-hm-b hn-iz-m-kw.- ]t£,- ss_-_nƒ]gb\n-baØn-tem- ]p-Xn-b\n-baØn-tem- H∂p-w-Xs∂ ]ctemI Po-hn-XsØ°p-dn-® hy-Iv-Xhpw- hn-iZhp-am-b ]cm-a¿-ißfn-√.AXp-sIm≠p-Xs∂ ]ctem-IØn-se kz-¿-K\cIßfp-sS Akv Xn-Xz-sØ Xs∂ \n-tj[n-°p-∂ kÌfpw- C∂v- ss{Ikv-XhkaqlØn-ep-≠v.Jp¿-B\n-s≥-d kvY - n-Xn- CXn¬- \n-∂v- Xn-I®pw- hy-Xy-kvX - amWv.GIssZhhn-izm-kw- Ign-™m¬- ]n-s∂ Jp¿-B≥- G‰hp-a[n-IwDu-∂¬- \¬-Inbn-´p-≈Xv- ]ctem-Ihn-izm-kØn-em-Wv.- Jp¿-B≥kq-Iv-Xßfn¬- aq-∂n-sem-cp- `m-Kw- acWm-\¥c Po-hn-XsØ°pdn®m-Wv- {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv.-

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acWØn¬- \n-∂v- Hm-Sn-bIem≥- {ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°bm-Wva\p-jy≥.- F∂m¬,- acWØn¬- \n-∂v- B¿-°pw- c£s∏Sm-\mhn√.- F√m-hcpw- acn-°pw.- acWØn-\v- tijw- ]n-s∂sb¥v?- AXp\ap-°dn-bn-√.- ù-Xn-I]co-£Wßƒ- sIm-t≠m- \n-co-£WßƒsIm-t≠m- AXp- I≠p-]n-Sn-°m-\p-amhn-√.- \sΩ krjvS- n-® Xºpcm ≥- Xs∂ ]d™p-XcWw.- A√m-lp- ]dbp-∂p-: "Xo¿-®bm-bpwGsXm-cp- acWØn¬-\n-∂v- \n-ßƒ- Hm-Sn-bIep-∂p-thm- Xo¿-®bmbpw- AXp- \n-ßfp-am-bn- I≠p-ap-´p-∂Xm-Wv.- ]n-∂o-Sv- AZriy-hpwZriy-hpw- Adn-bp-∂hs≥-d ASp-°te°v- \n-ßƒ- aS°s∏Sp-IbpwsNøpw.- At∏mƒ- \n-ßƒ- {]h¿-Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xn-s\°pdn-®v- Ah≥- \n-ßsf hnhcadn-bn-°p-∂Xm-Wv'-.2 "\n-ßƒ- Fhn-sSbm-bn-cp-∂m-epw- acWw- \n-ßsf ]nSn-IqSp∂ Xm-Wv.- \n-ßƒ- `{Zam-bn- sIń Db¿-Øs∏´ tIm-Íƒ-°p-≈n-em bm¬-t]m-epw.-'-3 "GsXm-cm-fpw- acWsØ AkzZn-°p-∂Xm-Wv.- ]n-∂o-Sv- \ΩpsS ASp-°te°p-Xs∂ \n-ßƒ- aS°s∏Sp-Ibpw- sNøpw'.-4 a\p-jym-Xv-am-hv- acW\m-¥cw- ssZhn-Iam-b]co-£WØn¬Ign-bp-∂p-; A¥y-\m-fp-hsc.- kp-IrXw- sNbv-Xhcp-sS Bflm-hpIƒ- Xßƒ-°v- e`n-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂ kz-¿-Ko-b kp-JsØ°p-dn-®dn™v- k¥p-jv-Scm-bpw- Zp-jv-{]h¿-Ø\ßfn-eq-sS kz-¥sØ aen\s∏Sp-Øn-bhcp-sS BXva - m-hp-Iƒ- Xßƒ- A\p-`hn-°p-hm≥- t]m Ip-∂ \cIin-£bp-sS Im-Tn-\y-sØ°p-dn-®dn-™v- {]bm-ks∏´pwIgn™p-Iq-Sp-sa∂m-Wv- {]hm-NIhN\ßƒ- hy-Iv-Xam-°p-∂Xv-; Bflm-hn-s≥-d Cu- Ahkv-Y A¥y-\m-fp-hsc Xp-Scpw.A¥y-\mƒ-˛]Zm¿-Y-tem-IØn-s≥-d ]q¿-Wam-b \m-iØn-s≥d Zn-\am-Wv.- F√m- krjv-Sn-Ifpw- \in-°p-∂ Zn-hkw.- B Zn-hkØn s≥-d ò-IcXsb°p-dn-®v- Jp¿-B\n¬- h∂ ]cm-a¿-ißƒ- t\m°p-I.- "Im-lfØn¬- Hcp- Du-Øv- Du-Xs∏´m¬-.- `q-an-bpw- ]¿hX ßfpw- s]m-°n-sbSp-°s∏Sp-Ibpw- F∂n-´v- Ah c≠pw- CSn-®pXI¿-°en-\v- hn-t[bam-°s∏Sp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xm¬-! At∂Zn-hkw1. cm-lp¬- kmw-IrXym-b≥-: hn-iz-Z¿-i\ßƒ- ]p-dw- 550˛581 2. Jp¿-B≥- 62: 8 3. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 78 4. Jp¿-B≥- 29: 57

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B kw-`hw- kw-`hn-°p-Ibm-bn: BIm-iw- s]m-ń-∏n-fcp-IbpwsNøpw.- A∂v- AXv- Zp¿-_eam-bn-cn-°pw.'-1 BIm-iw- s]m-ń-∏n-fcp-tºmƒ-.- -\£{Xßƒ- sIm-gn-™p- hogp tºmƒ.- kap-{Zßƒ- s]m-ń-sbm-en-°s∏Sp-tºmƒ.- J_dp-Iƒ- Cf °n-adn-°s∏Sp-tºmƒ-'.--2 "a\p-jy-∑m¿- Nn-∂n-®n-Xdn-b ]m-‰Isft∏m-sebpw- ]¿-hXßƒIS™ tcm-aw-t]m-sebpw- Bbn-Øo-cp-∂ Zn-hkw.-'3`q-an- {]Iº\w- sIm-≈n-°s∏´m¬-˛AXn-s≥-d `b¶cam-b B {]Iº\w.- `q-an- AXn-s≥-d `m-cßƒ- ]p-dw-X≈p-Ibpw- AXn-∂vF¥p- ]‰n-sb∂v- a\p-jy≥- ]dbp-Ibp-w- sNbv-Xm¬.- At∂ Znh kw- AXv- AXn-s≥d h¿-Øam-\ßƒ- ]d™dn-bn-°p-∂Xm-Wv'.-4 "Xo¿-®bm-bpw- B A¥y-kabsØ {]Iº\w- `b¶cam-b HcpIm-cyw- Xs∂bm-Ip-∂p.- \n-ßƒ- AXp- Im-Wp-∂ Zn-hkw- GsXmcpap-esIm-Sp-°p-∂ am-Xm-hpw- Xm≥- ap-ebq-´p-∂ Ip-™n-s\∏‰nA{i≤bn-em-bn-t∏m-Ipw.- K¿-`hXn-bm-b GsXm-cp- kv-{Xo-bpwXs≥d K¿-`Øn-ep≈Xv- {]khn-®p- t]m-Ip-Ibpw- sNøpw.- P\ß sf aØp- ]n-Sn-®hcm-bn- \n-\°v- Im-Wp-Ibpw- sNømw.-'5ò-Xn-Xam-b {]]©\m-iØn-\v- tijw- ho-≠pw- a\p-jy-sc ssZhw- ]p-\¿-Po-hn-∏n-°pw.- ih°√dIfn¬- AS°w- sNøs∏´ a\p-jy-tZlßfn¬- ho-≠pw- Bflm-hv- k∂n-thin-°s∏Spw.- a\pjy-sc√mw- ]p-\¿-P\n-®v- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d k∂n-[n-bn-te°v- \bn° s∏Spw.- Jp-¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "Im-lfØn¬- Du-Xs∏Spw.- At∏mƒ- J_v-dp-Ifn¬- \n-∂v- Ah cp-sS c£n-Xm-hn-¶te°v- Ip-Xn-®p- sN√pw'-6 "Im-lfØn¬- DuX s∏Spw.- At∏mƒ- BIm-iØn-ep-≈hcpw- `q-an-bn-ep-≈hcpw- Ne\ a‰hcm-bn-Øo-cpw; A√m-lp- Dt±in-®hscm-gn-sI.- AXn¬- as‰mcn-°¬- Du-Xs∏Spw.- At∏m-gXm- Ah¿- Fgp-t∂‰p-t\m-°p-∂p.-'71. Jp¿-B≥- 69: 13-˛16 2. Jp¿-B≥- 82: 1˛4 3. Jp¿-B≥- 101: 4, 5 4. Jp¿-B≥- 99: 1˛4 5. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 1,- 2 6. Jp¿-B≥- 36: 51 7. Jp¿-B≥- 39: 68

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acWØn-\p-tijap-≈ Po-hn-XsØ \n-tj[n-°p-∂h¿- F°meØp-ap≠m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-≠v.- acn-®v- aÆm-bn-°gn-™tijw- a\p-jy¿]p-\¿-P\n-°p-sa∂v- ]dbp-∂Xv- Ahn-iz-k\o-bam-sW∂m-Whcp sS hm-Zw.- iq-\y-Xbn¬- \n-∂- v- {]]©sØ krjvS- n°p-Ibpw- _oP IWßfn¬-\n-∂v- a\p-jy-s\ ]S°p-Ibpw- sNbvX - h∂v- a\p-jysc acWtijw- ]p-\ x-k rjv-S n- \SØm- \ m- h n- s√∂p- ]dbp- ∂ Xv h¶Øam-Wv.- ]S®Xºp-cm≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- t\m-°p-I: "a\p-jy-tc; Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-]-n-s\∏‰n- \n-ßƒ-kw-ibØn-em-sW¶n¬- (B tem-Nn-®p- t\m-°p-I).- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \m-am-Wv- \n-ßsf aÆn¬\n-∂pw- ]n-∂o-Sv- _o-PØn¬- \n-∂pw- ]n-∂o-Sv- {`q-WØn¬- \n-∂pwA\¥cw- cq-]w- \¬-Is∏´Xpw- cq-]w- \¬-Is∏Sm-Øp-am-b amwk ]n-fiØn¬- \n-∂pw- krjv-Sn-®Xv.- \mw- \n-ßƒ-°v- Im-cy-ßƒhn-iZam-°n-Øcm≥- th≠n- (]dbp-Ibm-Ip-∂p-).- \mw- Dt±in-°p∂Xn-s\ \n-iv-Nn-Xam-b Hcp- Ah[n-hsc \mw- K¿-`m-ibßfn¬Xm-akn-∏n-°p-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- \mw- \n-ßsf in-ip-°fm-bn- ]p-dØpsIm-≠p-hcp-∂p.- A\¥cw- \n-ßƒ- \n-ßfp-sS ]q¿WiIv-Xn- {]m]n-°pw- hsc (\mw- \n-ßsf hf¿-Øp-∂p-). (t\csØ) Po-hn-XwAhkm-\n-∏n-°s∏Sp-∂hcpw- \n-ßfp-sS Iq-´Øn-ep-≠v.- Adn-hp≠m-bn-cp-∂Xn-\p- tijw- bm-sXm∂pw- Adn-bm-Xm-Ipw- hn-[w- G‰ hpw- Ahiam-b {]m-bØnte°v- aS°s∏Sp-∂hcpw- \nßfp-sS Iq-´Øn-ep-≠v.- `qan- hc≠v- \n¿-PP v- o-ham-bn- In-S°p-∂Xm-bn- \n\°vIm-Wmw.- F∂n-´v- AXn-t∑¬- \mw- sh≈w- sNm-cn-™m¬- AXvCfIp-Ibpw- hn-Ikn-°p-Ibpw- Iu-Xp-Iap-≈ F√m-Øcw- sNSnI sfbpw- AXv- apf∏n-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂p.- AsX¥p-sIm-s≠∂m¬A√m-lp- Xs∂bm-Wv- kXy-am-bp-≈h≥.- Ah≥- acn-®hsc Pohn∏n-°pw,- Ah≥- GXp- Im-cy-Øn-\pw- Ign-hp-≈h\m-Wv.- A¥yk abw- hcn-IXs∂ sNøpw.- AXn¬- bm-sXm-cp- kw-ibhp-an-√.- J_v dn-ep-≈hsc A√m-lp- Dbn-¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-°p-Ibpw- sNøpw.-'1"a\p-jy≥- I≠nt√,- Ahs\ \mw- Hcp- _o-PIWØn¬- \n∂mWv- krjvS- n-®n-cn-°p-∂sX∂v?- F∂n-´v- Ah\Xm- Hcp- {]Xy-£amb FXn¿-∏p-Im-c\m-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- Ah≥- \ap-s°m-cp- D]a FSp-ØpIm-Wn-°p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xn-cn-°p-∂p.- Xs∂ krjv-Sn-®Xv- Ah≥1. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 5˛7

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ad∂pIfbp-Ibpw- sNbv-Xp.- Ah≥- ]d™p-: "F√p-Iƒ- {Zhn-®pt]m-bn-cn-s° Bcm-Whbv° - v- Po-h≥- \¬-Ip-∂Xv?'- ]dbp-I.- BZy XhW Ahsb D≠m-°n-bh\m-tcm- Ah≥- Xs∂ Ahbv° - v- Poh ≥- \¬-Ip-∂XmWv.- Ah≥- F√m-Xcw- krjv-Sn-∏n-s\∏‰n-bpw- Adn hp-≈h\s{X.- ]®acØn¬- \n-∂v- \n-ßƒ-°v- Xo-bp-≠m-°nØ ∂h\s{X Ah≥.- Aßs\ \n-ßfXm- AXn¬- \n-∂v- IØn-s®Sp °p-∂p.- BIm-ißfpw- `q-an-bpw- krjv-Sn-®h≥- Ahsct∏m-ep≈ hsc krjv-Sn-°p-hm≥- Ign-hp-≈h\t√?- AsX,- Ah\s{X k¿h hpw- krjv-Sn-°p-∂h\pw- F√m-w- Adn-bp-∂h\pw'.-1 kIe Ncm-Ncßfpw- krjv-Sn-® ]S®Xºp-cm-\v- a\p-jy-sc ]p-\x-krjvSn-°p-I {]bm-kIca√.- a\p-jy-s≥-d acWm-\¥cap≈ Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-\v- sXfn-hm-bn- Jp¿-B≥- ta¬- kq-IvX - ßfn¬D≤cn-°p-∂Xv- c≠p-Zm-lcWßfm-Wv.- aÆn¬- \n-∂v- Xp-Sßn- tcX kv-IWßfn-eq-sS Xp-S¿-∂v- hy-Xy-kv-X L´ßfn-eq-sSbp-≈ a\p jy-s≥-d krjv-Sn-∏v.- \n¿-Po-hambn-°n-S°p-∂ `q-an-bn-te°v- ]S® Xºp-cm≥- Pean-d°p-I hgn-bp-≈ AXn-s≥d Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬∏v.Ch c≠pw- km-[n-°p-∂ A√m-lp-hn-\v- acWm-\¥cw- a\p-jy-sc ]p-\x-krjv-Sn-°pI Xo-sc {]bm-kap-≈ Im-cy-a√.- "Ah∂m-Ip∂pkrjv-Sn- Bcw-`n-°p-∂h≥.- ]n-s∂ Ah≥- AXv- Bh¿-Øn-°p∂p.AXv- Ahs\ kw-_\v[ - n®n-StØm-fw- Iq-Sp-X¬- Ffp-∏ap-≈ Imcyam-Ip-∂p'.-2 A¥y-Zn-\w- Ign-™p-≈ Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-\v- tijw- a\pjysc√mw- {kjv-Sm-hn-s≥-d k∂n-[n-bn-te°v- ]p-ds∏Spw.- "At∂ Znh kw- hn-fn-°p-∂hs≥-d ]n-∂mse Aht\m-Sv- bm-sXm-cp- h{IXbpwIm-Wn-°m-sX Ah¿- t]m-Ip-∂Xm-Wv.- F√m- i_v-Zßfpw- ]caIm cp-Wn-I\v- Io-gSßp-∂Xm-Wv.- AXn-\m¬- Hcp- t\¿-Ø i_v-Za√m sX \o- tIƒ-°p-Ibn-√'-3. a\p-jy≥- hn-Nm-cWbv-°p- lm-Pcm-°s∏Sp-∂Xp- t]m-epw- Xß fp-sS \∑Xn-∑Ifp-sS tXm-Xn-∂\p-krXam-b cq-]Øn-em-bn-cn-°pw.ssZhn-IZrjv-Sm-¥ßƒ- Im-Wp-Ibpw- tIƒ-°p-Ibpw- sNbv-Xn-´pw1. Jp¿-B≥- 36: 77-˛81 2. Jp¿-B≥- 30: 27 3. Jp¿-B≥- 20: 108

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

156

Ahbn¬- hn-iz-kn-°m-sX Al¶m-cw- \Sn-®p-sIm-≠v- Po-hn-®h¿Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-°s∏Sp-I A‘cm-bn-s°m-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- {i≤n-°p-I: "Fs≥d D¬-t_m-[\sØ hn´vh√h\pw- Xn-cn-™p-Ifbp-∂]£w- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- Ah\v- CSp-ßn b Hcp- Po-hn-Xam-Wp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-I.- Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-s≥-d \m fn¬- Ahs\ \mw- A‘\m-b \n-ebn¬- Fgp-t∂¬-∏n®p-sIm≠phcp-∂Xm-Wv.- Ah≥- ]dbpw:- Fs≥-d c£n-Xm-th,- \o- F¥n-\m sWs∂ A‘\m-b \n-ebn¬- Fgp-t∂¬-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-h∂Xv?Rm≥- Im-gv-Nbp-≈h\m-bn-cp-∂t√m.- A√m-lp- ]dbpw-: Aßs\ Xs∂bmIp-∂p.- \n-\°v- \Ωp-sS Zrjv-Sm-¥ßƒ- hs∂Øp-Ibp ≠m-bn.- F∂n-´v- \o- AXp- ad∂p-If™p.- AXp-t]m-se C∂v- \o bpw- hn-kv-acn-°s∏Sp-∂p'.-1 "Dbn¿-sØgp-t∂¬-∏n-s≥-d \m-fn¬- ap-Jw- \n-eØp-Ip-Øn-bhcm bn-s°m-≠pw- A‘cpw- Du-aIfpw- _[n-ccp-am-bn-s°m-≠pw- \mwAhsc Hcp-an-®v- Iq-´p-∂Xm-Wv.- Ahcp-sS kt¶Xw- \cIas{X.AXv- AW™p-t]m-Ip-tºm-sg√mw- \mw- Ah¿-°v- Pz-me - Iq-´n-s°mSp-°p-∂Xm-Wv'-2. ssZhk∂n-[n-bn¬- sh®p-≈ a\p-jy-cp-sS hn-Nm-cWbm-Wv- ]n ∂o-Sv- \S°p-I.- clky-ßfpw- ]cky-ßfpw- Htct]m-se Adn-bp ∂ ]S®Xºp-cm-\m-W- v- {]kv-Xp-X hn-Nm-cWbp-sS tae[n-Im-cnsb ∂Xn-\m¬- Ah∂p- ap-ºn¬- H∂pw- Xs∂ ad®p-sh°s∏Sp-Ibn√.a\p-jy¿- AXn-clky-am-bn- sNdn-b Ip-‰IrXy-ßsf√mw- tem-I P\Xbp-sS km-∂n-[-y-Øn¬- hn-Nm-cW sNøs∏Sp-∂ AhkvY sbm-∂v- Nn-¥n-®p- t\m-°p-I!- "Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \Ωp-sS ASp-tØ°m Wv- Ahcp-sS aS°w.- ]n-∂o-Sv- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- \Ωp-sS _m-[y-XbmWvAhcp-sS hn-Nm-cW'.3 "\n-ßfp-sS a\ p-Ifn-ep-≈Xv- \n-ßƒ- shfn-s∏Sp-Øn-bm-epwad®p-sh®m-epw- A√m-lp- AXn-s≥-d t]cn¬- \n-ßtfm-Sv- IW°vtNm-Zn-°p-I Xs∂ sNøpw.-'-4 a\p-jy¿- sNbv-Xp-Iq-´n-b I¿-aßƒ-°v- Ah≥- GXhbhw1. Jp¿-B≥- 20: 124˛126 2. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 97 3. Jp¿-B≥- 88: 25, 26 4. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 284

]ctem-I hn-izm-kw-

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sIm≠m-tWm- {]kv-Xp-X I¿-aw- sNbv-XXv- B Ahbhw- km-£n\n¬-°p-∂Xm-Wv-.- `q-an-bn¬- sh®v- Xs≥-d Zp-jv-I¿-aßsf \ymboIcn-°p-Ibpw- ]q-gvØ - n-sh°p-Ibpw- sNøp-hm-\m-bn- D]tbm-Kn-®ncp∂ \mhv- ap-{Zsh°s∏Sp-Ibpw- Xßƒ- sNbv-X {]hrØn-Isf°p dn-®v- IÆpw- Im-Xpw- ssIIm-ep-Ifpw- a‰hbhßfpw- kw-km-cn°m\m-cw-`n-°p-Ibpw- sNbvX - m-ep-≈ AhkvYsbm-∂v- Nn-¥n-®v- t\m°pI! `q-an-bn¬- Po-hn-®p-t]mb P\tIm-Sn-Ifp-sS ap-∂n¬-sh®vCßs\ hn-Nm-cW sNøs∏Sp-tºmƒ- ]I¬-am-\y-∑m-cm-bn- Po-hn Xw- \bn-®hcp-sS kv-Yn-Xn-sb¥m-bn-cn-°pw?- A√m-lp- ]dbp-∂p-: "A∂v- \mw- Ahcp-sS hm-bIƒ-°v- ap-{Zsh°p-∂Xpw- Ahcp-sS ssIIƒ- \tΩm-Sv- kw-km-cn-°p-∂Xpw- Ah¿- {]h¿-Øn-®n-cp-∂Xn s\∏‰n- Ahcp-sS Im-ep-Iƒ- km-£ywhln-°p-∂Xp-am-Wv'1- .Xßƒ- sNbv-X \∑Ifpw- Xn-∑Ifpw- Hm-tcm- hy-Iv-Xn-Ifp-sS ap-∂n-epw lm-Pcm-°s∏Spw: "\∑bm-bpw Xn-∑bm-bpw- Xm≥- {]h¿ Øn-® Hm-tcm- Im-cy-hpw- (Xs≥-d ap-ºn¬-) lm-Pcm-°s∏´Xm-bnHm-tcm- hy-Iv-Xn-bpw- Is≠Øp-∂ Zn-hkw-'.--2 "At∂Zn-hkw- a\p-jy¿- ]e kw-Lßfm-bn- ]p-ds∏Sp-∂Xm Wv.- Ah¿-°v- Ahcp-sS I¿-aßƒ- Im-Wn-°s∏tS≠Xn-∂m-bn-´v.At∏mƒ- B¿- HcWp-hn-s≥-d Xq-°w- \∑ sNbv-Xn-cp-∂p-thmAh\Xv- Im-Wpw.- B¿- HcWp-aWn-Øq-°w- Xn-∑ sNbv-Xn-cp-∂p thm- AXpw- Ah≥- Im-Wpw'.-3 \∑Xn-∑Isf°p-dn-® hn-Nm-cWbv-°p-tijw- Xn-∑sIm-≠v- kz Po-hn-Xw- Zp-jn-∏n-®hsc \cIØn-te°pw- k¬-I-¿-aßƒ-°v- BXv am-hn-s\ {]tim-`n-Xam-°n-bhsc kz-¿-KØn-te°pw- Ab°p-∂p.\∑Iƒ- sIm-≠v- Po-hn-Xw- [\y-am-°n-bhcp-sS sNdn-b ]m-]ßƒA√m-lp- s]m-dp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°pw.- ssZhØn-s≥-d GIXz-Øn¬- hn iz-kn-°m-Øhcp-sS k¬-I¿-aßsf√mw- hrYm-hn-em-Ipw.- A√mlph√m-Øhsc Bcm-[n-°p-I hgn- ssZhØn¬- ]¶ptN¿-ØhcpsS ]m-]ßƒ- Hcn-°epw- Xs∂ s]m-dp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°s∏Sp-Ibn-√.- Jp¿ B≥- ]dbp-∂p-: "Xt∂m-Sv- ]¶p-tN¿-°s∏Sp-∂Xv- A√m-lp- Hcn 1. Jp¿-B≥- 36: 65 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 30 3. Jp¿-B≥- 99: 6˛8

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

158

°epw- Xs∂ s]m-dp-Øp- sIm-Sp-°pI-bn-√.- AsXm-gn-®p-≈sX√mwAh≥- Dt±in-°p-∂h¿-°v- Ah≥- s]m-dp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xm-Wv.B¿- A√m-lpthm-Sv- ]¶ptN¿-Øp-thm- Ah≥- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- KpcpXcam-b Hcp- Ip-‰IrXy-am-Wv- Na®p-≠m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv'1- .Cltem-IØv-sh®v- Im-cy-km-[y-Øn-\p-th≠n- H´\h[n- ip]m ¿-iI∑m-sc kao-]n-°p-∂hcm-Wv- a\p-jy¿.- AXp-t]m-seØs∂,k¿-hiIv-X\m-b ssZhØn-¶te°v- Xßƒ-°p-≈ ip-]m¿-iIcmsW∂v- ]d™v- A√m-lp-h√m-Øhsc Bcm-[n-°p-∂Xn-\- v- \ymboIcWw- Is≠Øn-s°m-≠m-Wv- _lp-ssZhhn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS kaq lßƒ- Xßfp-sS Zp¿-am¿-KØn-te°p-≈ {]Ya]Sn- Nhn-´n-bXv.F∂m¬,- ]ctem-IØv- Ahn-izm-kn-Isf \cIØn¬- \n-∂v- c£n °p-hm≥- bm-sXm-cpip-]m¿-iIcp-ap-≠m-hn-√.- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d ]cam-[n-Im-cØn\p-- Io-gn¬- \S°p-∂ ]ctem-Ihn-Nm-cWbn¬Ahs≥-d A\p-hm-ZtØm-Sp- Iq-Sn-b√m-sX B¿-°pw- Hcp- cq-]Øn ep-≈ ip-]m¿-ibpw- sNøp-hm≥- km-[y-a√.- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d A\phm-ZtØm-Sp-Iq-Sn- \S°p-∂ ip-]m¿-ibm-Is´ Cu- tem-IØn-se ip-]m¿-ibn¬- \n-∂- v- Xn-I®pw- hy-Xn-cn-IvX - am-bn-cn-°pw-; Nn-e {]tXy I hy-Iv-Xn-Iƒ-°v- A√m-lp- \¬-Ip-∂ _lp-am-\y-Xbp-sS _ln¿{]IS\am-bn-cn-°pw- {]kv-Xp-X ip-]m-¿-i.- A√m-lp-h√m-Øhsc Bcm-[n-®p-sIm-≠v- ssZhtIm-]Øn-\v- hn-t[bam-bh¿-°v- ]ctemIØv- Bcp-sSbpw- bm-sXm-cpip-]m¿-ibp-w- e`n-°p-Ibn-√.- _lpssZhhn-izm-kn-Ifm-b km-[m-cW°m-cpw- Ahcp-sS t\Xm-°fpwXΩn¬- ]ctem-IØv- sh®v- \S°p-∂ X¿-°Øn-\n-Sbn¬- Ah¿]dbp-∂ hcn-Iƒ- Jp¿-B≥- D≤cn-°p-∂Xn-ßs\bm-Wv:- "A√mlphm-sW kXyw-.- \n-ßƒ-°v- Rßƒ- tem-Ic£n-Xm-hn-t\m-Sv- XpeyX I¬-]n-°p-∂ kabØv- Rßƒ- hy-Iv-Xam-b hgn-tISn¬Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p.- Rßsf hgn-]n-g∏n-®Xv- B Ip-‰hm-fn-If√msX a‰m-cp-a√.- Ct∏mƒ- Rßƒ-°v- ip-]m-¿-iIcm-bn- Bcp-an-√.- D‰kp lrØpan-√'-2. Cltem-IØp-sh®v- Xym-Kßƒ- kln-®pw- {]bm-kßtfm-Sv]Ssh´n-bpw- sIm-≠v- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifm-bn- Po-hn-®h¿-°v- \¬I 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 48 2. Jp¿-B≥- 26: 97˛101

]ctem-I hn-izm-kw-

159

s∏Sm-\n-cn-°p-∂ kz¿-KØn-se kp-Jku-Icy-ßƒ- hn-hcn-°p-∂ H´\h[n- kq-Iv-Xßƒ- Jp¿-B\n-ep-≠v.- ico-cØn-\pw- Bflm-hn \pw-,- kw-Xr]v-Xnbpw- kt¥m-jhpw- kam-[m-\hpw- \¬-Ip-hm-\pXIp-∂ kw-hn-[m-\ßfm-Wv- kz¿-KØn-ep≈Xv.- ssZhn-Iam¿-K\n¿tZißƒ- ]m-en-®p-sIm-≠v- `q-an-bn-se "ss\an-jn-I kp-J'-ßfn¬\n-∂v- AI∂p-- \n-∂h¿-°v- ]ctem-IØp-sh®v- e`n-°p-hm-\n-cn-°p∂Xv- im-iz-Xam-b kp-Jku-Icy-ßfm-Wv.- `q-an-bn¬- hn-e°phmßp-∂ "kp-J'-ßƒ- im-co-cn-I kw-Xr]v-Xn-˛AXpw- Hcfhp hsc˛am-{Xw- {]Zm-\w- sNøp-∂hbm-Wv.- ]ctem-IØn-se im-izX kp- J am- I s´,- im- c o- c n- I hpw- am- \ kn- I hpw- Bflo- b hp- a m- b B\µßƒ- \¬-Ip-∂hbm-Wv.kz¿-KsØ im-¥n-bp-sS `h\sa∂m-Wv- A√m-lp- hn-tijn-∏n®ncn-°p-∂Xv.- Ahn-sSbp-≈ am-em-Jam-cp-sS Biw-k am-{Xw- aXnkXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifp-sS a\ n-s\ Ip-fn-cWn-bn-°p-hm≥.- A√m-lphn-s≥-d Im-cp-Wy-Øn-\v- Io-gn¬- Po-hn-°p-∂ kXy-hn-iz-m-kn-Iƒ°vAhn-sS kºq¿-W kam-[m-\am-bcn-°pw.- Jp-¿B≥- ]dbp-∂p-: "Ah¿-°v- Ahcp-sS c£n-Xm-hn-s≥-dbSp-°¬- kam-[m-\Øn-s≥d `h\ap-≠v.- Ah≥- Ahcp-sS c£m-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-°pw.- Ah¿{]h¿-Øn-®n-cp-∂Xn-s≥-d ^eas{X AXv'-.1"kv-Yn-chm-kØn-\p-≈ kz-¿-KtØm-∏p-Iƒ.- Ahcpw- Ahcp-sS ]n-Xm-°fn¬- \n-∂pw,-- CWIfn¬- \n-∂pw- k¥Xn-Ifn¬- \n-∂pwkZv-hrØcm-bn-´p-≈hcpw- AXn¬- {]thin-°p-∂Xm-Wv.- ae°pIƒ- F√m- hm-Xn-en-eq-sSbpw- Ahcp-sS ASp-°¬- IS∂p-h∂n-´v]dbpw: "\n-ßƒ- £a ssIs°m-≠Xn\m-¬- \n-ßƒ-°v- kam-[m\w-!'- At∏mƒ- tem-IØn-s≥-d ]cy-hkm-\w- F{X \√Xv'2- . ssZhn-I hn-[n-hn-e°p-If\p-kcn-®v- Po-hn-® a\p-jy¿-°p-th≠nXm≥- Hcp-°n-sh®n-cn-°p-∂ kz-¿-KØn-te°v- Ahsc kzo-Icn-®psIm-≠v- A√m-lp- ]dbp-∂ ]Zßƒ- GsXm-cp- kXy-hn-izm-kn sbbm-Wv- ]p-fIw- sIm-≈n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I.- A√m-lp- kXy-hn-izmknIsf kzm-KXw- sNøp-∂ hm-°p-Iƒ- Jp¿-B≥- hn-hcn-°p-∂Xnß s\bm-Wv: "tl,- kam-[m-\aS™ Bflm-th,- \o- \n-s≥-d c£nXm1. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 127 2. Jp¿-B≥- 13: 24, 25

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

160

hn-¶te°v- Xr]v-Xn-s∏´p-sIm-≠pw- Xr]v-Xn- e`n-®p-sIm-≠pw- aSßns°m-≈p-I.- Fs≥d kz¿-KØn¬- {]thin-®p-sIm-≈p-I.'1 {kjv-Smhn-s≥-d BPv-Rb\p-kcn-®p-sIm-≠v- `q-an-bn¬- sh®vGsX√mw- kp-Jku-Icy-ßƒ- kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ- shSn-™p-thmB kp-Jku-Icy-ßsf√m-w- im-iz-Xam-bn- A\p-`hn-°p-hm≥- Ah ¿-°v- kz¿-KØn¬- sh®v- km-[n-°pw.- kz¿-KØn-se im-co-cn-IkpJ ßƒ- ù-Xn-Iam-b h¿-W\Iƒ-°Xo-Xam-Wv.- `£Wam-Is´ ]m\obam-Is´ CWIfm-Is´ `qan-bn¬- e`n-°p-∂sXm-∂pw- \q-dpiXam \w- Ip-‰a‰Xm-sW∂v- ]dbp-I km-[y-a√t√m.- F∂m¬- kz¿-KØn se kv-Yn-Xn- CXn¬- \n-∂v- hy-Xy-kv-Xam-Wv.- Ahn-sS e`n-°p∂ sX¥pw- ]cn-ip-≤am-bn-cn-°pw; Ip-‰a‰Xm-bn-cn-°pw.- AXp-sIm-≠pXs∂ `q-an-bn-se hn-`hßfp-am-bn- Ahsb Xm-cXayw- sNøm-\mhn-√.- kz-¿-Ko-b kp-Jßsf°p-dn-® GXm-\pw- Jp¿-B≥- kq-IvX ßƒ- t\m-°p-I: "Fs≥d- Zm-k∑tc,- C∂v- \n-ßƒ-°v- bm-sXm-cp- `bhp-an-√.- \n ßƒ- Zpx-Jn-t°≠Xp-an-√.- \Ωp-sS Zrjv-Sm-¥ßfn¬- hn-iz-kn-°pIbpw- Io-gv] - s∏´p- Po-hn-°p-Ibpw- sNbvX - hcs{X (\n-ßƒ-).- \nß fpw- \n-ßfp-sS CWIfpw- kt¥m-j`cn-Xcm-bn-s°m-≠v- kz¿KØn ¬- {]thin-®p- sIm-≈p-I.- kz¿-WØn-s≥d Xfn-IIfpw- ]m-\]m{X ßfpw- Ah¿-°v- Np-‰pw- sIm-≠p- \S°s∏´pw.- a\ p-Iƒ- sImXn°p-∂Xpw- IÆp-Iƒ-°v- B\µIchp-am-b Im-cy-ßƒ- Ahn-sSbp≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- \n-ßƒ- Ahn-sS \n-Xy-hm-kn-Ifm-bn-cn-°pIbpwsNøpw.- \n-ßƒ- {]h¿-Øn-®p- sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xn-s≥-d êam-bn- \nß ƒ-°v- AhIm-is∏Sp-Øn-Ø∂n-´p-≈ kz¿-Kas{X AXv.- \n-ßƒ° Xn¬- ]gßƒ- [m-cm-fam-bn- D≠m-Ipw.- AXn¬- \n-∂v- \n-ßƒ-°v`£n-°mw'.-1 "Xo¿-®bm-bpw- hn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw- k¬-I¿-aßƒ- {]h¿-Øn-°p Ibpw- sNbv-Xhcm-tcm- AØcw- k¬-{]h¿-Ø\w- \SØp-∂ bm sXm-cm-fp-sSbpw- {]Xn-êw- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- ]m-gm-°p-∂X√.- A°q´¿-°m-Ip-∂p- kv-Yn-cm-hkØn-\p-≈ kz¿-KtØm-∏p-Iƒ.- AhcpsS Xm-gv` - m-KØp-Iq-Sn- Acp-hn-Iƒ- Hgp-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xm-Wv.- t\cn 1. Jp¿-B≥- 89: 27-˛30 2. Jp¿-B≥- 43: 68˛73

]ctem-I hn-izm-kw-

161

bXpw- Iń-bp-≈Xp-am-b ]®∏´p- hkv{- Xßƒ- Ah¿- [cn-°p-IbpwsNøpw.- Ahn-sS Ah¿- Ae¶cn-® Iń-ep-Ifn¬- Nm-cn-bn-cp-∂phn-{ian-°p-∂hcm-bn-cn-°pw.- F{X hn-in-jv-Sam-b {]Xn-êw-! F{X DZm-Øam-b hn-{iakv-Yew-!'-1 "kq-£v-aXbp-≈h¿-°v- hmKv-Zm-\w- sNøs∏ń-´p-≈ kz¿-KØn s≥-d Ahkv-Y Fßs\sb∂m¬- AXn¬- ]I¿-® hcm-Ø sh ≈Øn-s≥-d Acp-hn-Ifp-≠v.- cp-Nn-t`Zw- hcm-Ø ]m-en-s≥-d AcphnIfpw- Ip-Sn-°p-∂h¿-°v- Bkzm-Zy-am-b aZy-Øn-s≥-d Acp-hn-Ifpwip≤o-Icn-°s∏´ tX\n-s≥-d Acp-hn-Ifp-ap-≠v.- Ah¿-°Xn¬F√m-Xcw- Im-bv-I\n-Ifp-ap-≠v.- Xßfp-sS c£n-Xm-hn-¶¬- \n-∂p≈ ]m-]tam-N\hp-ap-≠v.'2 "A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d \n-jv-If¶cm-b Zm-k∑m¿- CXn¬- (in£I fn¬-)- \n-s∂m-gn-hm-Ip-∂p.- Aßs\bp-≈h¿-°m-Ip-∂p- Adn-bs∏´ D]Po-h\w.- hn-hn-[Xcw- ]gh¿-Kßƒ-.- ku-`m-Ky-Øn-s≥-d kz¿K tØm-∏p-Ifn-epw- Ah¿- BZcn-°s∏Sp-∂hcm-bn-cn-°pw.- Ah¿- Nn e Iń-ep-Ifn¬- ]ckv-]cw- A`n-ap-Jam-bn- Ccn-°p-∂hbm-bn-cn °pw.- Hcp- Xcw- Ddhp-Pew- \n-d® tIm-∏Iƒ- Ahcp-sS Np-‰pwsIm-≠p- \S°s∏Spw.- shfp-ØXpw- Ip-Sn-°p-∂h¿-°v- lrZy-hpamb ]m-\o-bw.- AXn¬- bm-sXm-cp- tZm-jhp-an-√.- AXv- \n-an-Øw- Ah¿°v- elcn- _m-[n-°p-Ibp-an-√.- Zrjv-Sn- \n-b{¥n-°p-∂hcpw- hnim et\{Xßfp-≈hcp-am-b kv-{Xo-Iƒ- Ahcp-sSbSp-Øv- D≠m-bn c°pw.- kq-£n-®p-sh°s∏´ ap-Íƒ- t]m-sebm-bn-cn-°pw- Ah¿'.3 ssZhn-I hn-[n-hn-e°p-If\p-kcn-®v- Po-hn-°p-∂Xv- ]p-cp-j\mbmepw- kv-{Xo-bm-bm-epw- Ah¿- kz-¿-KØn¬- {]thin-°s∏Sp-∂Xm sW∂m-Wv- Jp-¿B - ≥- hy-IvX - am-°p-∂Xv.- ]p-cp-j≥- A\p-`hn-°p∂ kp-Jku-Icy-ßƒ-°p- Xpey-am-b kp-Jku-Icy-ßƒ- kz¿KØn¬- {]thin-∏n-°s∏Sp-∂ kv-{Xo-Ifpw- A\p-`hn-°p-∂Xm-Wv.kv-{Xo-bm-sW∂ Im-cWØm¬- am-{Xw- AhKWn-°s∏Sp-ItbmAhaXn-°s∏Sp-Itbm- sNøp-Ibn-√.- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂p: ""B Wm-Is´,- s]Æm-Is´,- B¿- kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-s°m-≠v- k¬I1. Jp¿-B≥- 18: 30, 31 2. Jp¿-B≥- 47: 15 3. Jp¿-B≥- 37: 40˛49

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

162

¿-aßƒ- sNøp-∂p-thm- Ah¿- kz¿-KØn¬- {]thin-°p-∂Xm-Wv.Ahtcm-Sv- Hcp- Xcn-ºpw- A\o-Xn- Im-Wn-°s∏Sp-∂X√''.-1 kz¿-Khm-kn-Iƒ- A\p-`hn-°p-∂ im-co-cn-Ikp-Jßƒ-°v- ]pd sabp-≈ Bflbo-\p-`q-Xn-Ifn-sem-∂m-Wv- A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d {]o-XnkºmZn-°p-Isb∂Xv.- kz¿-KØn-se im-co-cn-Ikp-Jßsf°p-dn®phn-hcn-® tijw- Jp¿-B≥- ]dbp-∂Xv- {i≤n-°p-I: "F∂m¬- A√m lp-hn-¶¬- \n-∂p-≈ {]o-Xn-bm-Wv- G‰hpw- hep-Xv.- AXs{X al Øm-b hn-Pbw.-'-2 A√m-lp-hn-s≥-d {]o-Xn-bpw- kvt\lhpw- Ickv-Yam-°p-hm≥km-[n-°p-∂Xn-epw- hen-b `u-Xn-I kp-Jßsfm-∂pw- Xs∂bn-√; Xo¿-®.kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°v- kz¿-KØn¬- sh®p-≠m-Ip-∂ Ahm-Nyam b Hcp A\p`qXnbmWv k¿hiIvX\mb A√mlphns≥d Z¿i \w. kvYeIme_\v[\Ønencn°p∂ a\pjy\v kvYeImemXo X\mb {kjvSmhns\ Cu temIØp sh®v ImWphm≥ km[n°p Ibn√. F∂m¬ ]ctemIØp sh®v kz¿KmhIminIƒ°v A√m lphns≥d hZ\w Z¿in°phm≥ Ignbpw. AXnepw \b\m\µI camb Imcysa¥mWv? \sΩ krjvSn®p ]cn]men°p∂h\mb k¿hIiIvXs\ ImWm≥ Ignbp∂Xnepw henb kwKXnsb ¥mWv? \_n Xncpta\n Cßs\ ]d™p: "kz¿K°m¿ kz¿K Ønepw \cI°m¿ \cIØnepw IS∂m¬ Cßs\ Adnbn∏p ≠mIpw. "kz¿K°msc! \nßƒ°v A√mlp Hcp hm°pX∂n´p ≠v. AXv \ndth‰m≥ Ah≥ IcpXp∂p'. X¬kabw Ah¿ ]d bpw: "AsX¥mWv? RßfpsS XpemkpIƒ ap≥Xq°w XqßpI bpw apJßƒ ssNX\yhØmhpIbpw Rßsf kz¿KØn¬ {]thin∏n°pIbpw \cIw Hgnhm°n°n´pIbpw sNbvXnt√?' B kabw Ah¿°v ad \o°s∏Spw. Ah¿ Ahs\ t\m°pw. A√mlphns\ Z¿in°pIsb∂Xpt]mse ]Yyhpw \b\m\µI chpamb as‰mcp Imcyhpw Ah¿°v- Ah≥ sImSpØn´n√Xs∂.'3 ]S®Xºpcms≥d BPvRIƒ AXnewLn°pI hgn kz¥w 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 124 2. Jp¿-B≥- 8: 72 3. ap-kv-enw-

]ctem-I hn-izm-kw-

163

Bflmhns\ aen\s∏SpØnbh¿°v ]ctemIØpsh®v ITn\am b in£ \¬Is∏Spw. {]hmNI∑msc \ntj[n°pIbpw A√m lphn\v ]pdsa a‰p ]escbpw hnfn®p-{]m¿Y-n°pIbpw ]m]ß fm¬ XßfpsS CltemIPohnXsØ tæNvOam°pIbpw- sNbv Xh¿°v \¬Ip∂ {]Xnêas{X IØn°cnbp∂ \cIw. \cI Ønsednbs∏Sp∂h¿ ssZhnIhn[nhne°pIƒ Im‰n¬ ]dØn X∂njvSw {]h¿Øn®hcmWv; acWm\¥c PohnXsØbpw kz¿ KsØbpw \cIsØbpw Ipdn®v ap∂dnbn∏v \¬Inbt∏mƒ ssZ hZqX∑mscbpw A\pbmbnIsfbpw ]cnlkn®hcmWv; acWm\ ¥cap≈ imizXkz¿KØn\p ]Icw CltemIØnse ss\an jnIkpJßsf hne°phmßnbhcmWv. Ah¿ ITn\amb in£ A¿ln°p∂p. Ah¿°v \¬Is∏Sm\ncn°p∂ \cIØns≥d òIcX hyIvXam°p∂ GXm\pw Jp¿B≥ kqIvXßƒ {i≤n °pI: "Xo¿®bmbpw \ΩpsS sXfnhpIƒ \ntj[n®hsc \mw \cI Ønen´v Icn°p∂XmWv. AhcpsS sXmenIƒ sh¥pt]mhptºm sg√mw Ah¿°v thsd sXmenIƒ \mw am‰ns°mSp°p∂XmWv. Ah¿ in£ BkzZn®psIm≠ncn°phm≥ th≠nbmWXv . Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp {]Xm]hm\pw bpIvXnam\pamIp∂p'1 "kXyhnizmknItf, kztZlßtfbpw \nßfpsS _\v[p° sfbpw a\pjycpw I√pIfpw C‘\ambn´p≈ \cImKv\nbn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ ImØpc£n°pI. AXns≥d ta¬t\m´Øn\v ]cpj kz`mhap≈hcpw AXniIvXcpamb ae°pIfp≠mbncn °pw. A√mlp AhtcmSv I¬]n® ImcyØn¬ Aht\mSh¿ A\pkcWt°Sv ImWn°pIbn√. AhtcmSv I¬∏n°s∏Sp∂ sX¥pw Ah¿- {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpw.-'2 "Ahs≥d ]n∂mse Xs∂bp≠v \cIw. tNmcbpw Nehpw Ie¿∂ \ocn¬ \n∂mbncn°pw Ah∂v IpSn°m≥ \¬Is∏Sp ∂Xv. AXh≥ Iogvt]mńd°m≥ {ian°pw. AXv sXm≠bn¬ \n∂nd°m≥ Ah∂v Ignt™°pIbn√. F√mbnSØp \n∂pw acWw Ahs≥d t\¿°v hcpw. F∂m¬ Ah≥ acWs∏SpIbn√ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 56 2. Jp¿-B≥- 66: 6

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

164

Xm\pw. AXns≥d ]n∂mseXs∂bp≠v ItTmcamb thsdbpw in£'1 "F∂m¬ Ahnizkn®hcmtcm Ah¿°v AKv\n sIm≠p≈ hkv{Xßƒ apdn®p sImSp°s∏Sp∂XmWv. AhcpsS Xebv°p aosX Xnfbv°p∂ sh≈w sNmcnbs∏Sp∂XmWv. AXp\nanØw AhcpsS hbdpIfnep≈Xpw N¿aßfpw- Dcp°s∏Spw. Ah¿°v Ccpºns≥d ZfipIfpap≠mbncn°pw. AXn¬ \n∂v ITn\ t¢iw \nanØw ]pdØpt]mIm≥ Ah¿ Dt±in°ptºmsg√mw AXnte°v Xs∂ Ah¿ aS°s∏Sp∂XmWv. "Fcn®p Ifbp∂ in£ \nßƒ BkzZn®psIm≈pI'(F∂v AhtcmSv ]dbs∏ SpIbpw sNøpw).-'2 "Xo¿®bmbpw "kJvJqw' hr£amIp∂p (\cIØn¬) ]m]n bpsS Blmcw. DcpInb temlw t]mencn°pw (AXns≥d I\n). NqSpsh≈w Xnfbv°p∂Xpt]mse AXv hbdpIfn¬ Xnfbv°pw. \nßƒ Ahs\ ]nSn°q. F∂n´v \cIØns≥d a[-yØnte°v hen®ng°q. A\¥cw NqSpsh≈w sIm≠p≈ in£ Ahs≥d Xebv°paosX \nßƒ sNmcnt™°q (F∂v \n¿tZin° s∏Spw).-''3 ""F∂m¬ \n¿`mKyaS™hcmIs´, Ah¿ \cIØnembncn °pw. Ah¿°hnsS s\Spho¿∏pw tXßn°c®nepamWp≠mbncn °pI. BImißfpw `qanbpw \ne\n¬°pt∂StØmfw Ahc Xn¬ \nXyhmknIfmbncn°pw.-''4 ""B Znhkw Ip‰hmfnIsf NßeIfn¬ At\ym\yw tN¿Øv _\v[n°s∏´Xmbn´v \n\°v ImWmw. AhcpsS Ip∏mbßƒ IdpØ SmdpsIm≠p≈Xmbncn°pw. AhcpsS apJßsf Xo s]mXnbp∂XmWv.-''5 {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pamb A√mlp Adnbn®pX∂ Imcy ßƒ AtXt]m-se hnizkn°pI am{Xsa ]ctemIØns≥d 1. Jp¿-B≥- 14: 16, 17 2. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 19˛22 3. Jp¿-B≥- 44: 43˛48 4. Jp¿-B≥- 11: 106, 107 5. Jp¿-B≥- 14: 49, 50

]ctem-I hn-izm-kw-

165

ImcyØn¬ \ap°v sNøm≥ Ignbq. Cu hnhcWßfn¬ \n∂v Hcp Imcyw hyIvXamhp∂p. a\pjyPohnXØns≥d ]caamb e £yw ]ctemItam£amIWsa∂ ImcyamWXv. CltemIØn se kpJhpw ZpxJhpsa√mw \izcamWv. ChnSpsØ kpJku Icyßƒ°p th≠n imizXamb kz¿KsØ \jvSs∏SpØp∂ h¿ alm\jvS°mcmWv. \cIØn¬ \n∂p c£s∏´p kz¿KØn ¬ {]thin°m≥ km[n°p∂XmWv G‰hpw alØmb `mKyw. Jp¿B≥ ]d™sX{X icn! "GsXmcp tZlhpw acWw Bkz Zn°p∂XmWv. \nßfpsS {]Xn^eßƒ Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬∏n s≥d \mfn¬ am{Xsa \nßƒ°p ]q¿Wambn \¬Is∏SpIbp ≈q. At∏mƒ B¿ \cIØn¬ \n∂v AI‰n \n¿Øs∏SpIbpw kz¿KØn¬ {]thin∏n°s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂pthm Ah\mWv hnPbw t\Sp∂Xv . sFlnIPohnXw I_fn∏n°p∂ Hcp hn`ha√msX as‰m∂pa√.-'1

5. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 185

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

]-Xn-s\-∂v hn[nhnizmkw Cu {]]©Ønse sNdpXpw hepXpamb hkvXp°ƒs°√mw AhbptSXmb Nne kz`mh khntijXIfpw hyhkvYIfpw A√mlp \nivNbn®n´p≠v. Cu ssZhnI\nivNbØn¬ \n∂v sX∂namdns°m≠v ktNX\tam AtNX\tam Bb bmsXmcp hkvXphn\pw \ne\n¬°m\mhn√. a\pjycpw a‰p PohPmeßfp aS°w kq£vakvYqe {]]©ßfnse apgph≥ {]Xn`mkßfpw ssZhhn[n {]Imcw hyhkvYm]nXambmWv \ne\n¬°p∂sX∂ hnizmkamWv CkvemanI hn[nhnizmkØns‚- ImX¬. {]m]©nI{]Xn`mkßsf√mw hyhkvYm]nXamsW∂ Imcy Øn¬ c≠`n{]mban√. Cu hyhkvYbv-°v ]n∂n¬ tIhe bmZr Nv-O-nIXmbWp≈sX∂ ùXnIhmZho£Ww _p≤n°pw bpIv Xn°pw \nc°mØXmWv. {]m]©nI hyhkvY°p\nanØamb \nbaßƒ I≠p]nSn°phm≥ a\pjy\v km[n°p∂psh∂ hkv XpXsbmcn°epw \nbaZmXmhns≥d AkvXnXzsØ \ntj[n°p ∂n√. AXym[p\nI KWnXkt¶Xßfp]tbmKn®v- \n¿≤mcWw sNbvsXSp°p∂ {]m]©nIhyhkvYbv° - p ]n∂nse \nbaßfp sS kq{XhmIyßƒ \nbaZmXmhns≥d APøXbmWv shfns∏ SpØp∂Xv. Hmtcm hkvXphns≥dbpw krjvSn∏n\p apºv AXn s\mcp hyhkvY \nivNbn°s∏ń´p≠v. ùXnIhmZnIƒ {]IrXn \nbaw F∂p hnfn°p∂Xv Cu hyhkvYsbbmWv. am‰an√msX \ne\n¬°p∂ {]IrXn\nbaw Xs∂bmWv ssZhnIhn[n. {]Ir

hn[nhnizmkw

167

Xn\nbaßsf am‰nadn°phm≥ krjvSnIƒs°m∂pw km[yas√ ∂v ùXnIhmZnIƒ kΩXn°ptºmƒ ssZhnI hn[nbpsS AP øX AwKoIcn°pIbmWv Ah¿ sNøp∂Xv. ssZhnIhn[nbn¬ \n∂v sX∂namdphm≥ krjvSnIƒs°m ∂pw km[ya√. kqcyN{µ∑mcpsS Ne\w Xs∂ DZmlcWamsb Sp°mw. AhbpsS ]cnamWØn¬ A¬]sa¶nepw am‰w hcpØm ≥ B¿°mWv IgnbpI? kqcy≥, AXpƒs°m≈p∂ £oc]Y XmcmkaqlØns≥d tI{µsØ hrØmImcamb ]YØneqsS sk°≥dn¬ 250 Intemao‰¿ thKXbn¬ Np‰ns°m≠ncn°p∂p. "kqcy≥, AXn∂v kvYncambp≈ Hcp kvYm\tØ°v k©cn°p ∂p. {]Xm]nbpw k¿hPvR\pamb A√mlp IW°m°nbXmWn Xv.'- 1 `qan°p Np‰pw Hcp {]mhiyw {àWw sNøphm≥ N{µs\Sp°p ∂ kabw 27 Znhkw 7 aWn°q¿ 43 an\n‰v 11.47 sk°≥dmWv. "kqcy\pw N{µ\pw Hcp IW°\pkcn®mIp∂p (k©cn°p∂ Xv).'2 ssZhnIamb Cu hyhkvY \n¿Wbn°p∂Xn¬ Hcp krjvSn°pw bmsXmcp ]¶pan√. kqcyN{µ\£{XmZnIfpsS {kjvSmhpXs∂ AhbpsS hyhkvYbpw \nivNbn®ncn°p∂p. {]kvXpX ssZhnIhn[n A\yq\hpw {]amZapIvXhpas{X. Adnbs∏ńStØmfw {]]©Øn¬ Poh≥ \ne\n¬°p∂ GIkvYeamWv `qan. At\I tImSn Xmcmkaqlßfnsem∂mb BImi KwKbnse At\Ie£w \£{Xßfnsem∂mb kqcy s≥d HºXv {Klßfnsem∂mWnXv. {]]©Øn\v s]mXpshbp ≈ hyhkvY `qan°pw _m[IamWv. ssZhnIhn[n {]Imcw Xs∂bmWv `qanbnse Hmtcm {]Xn`mkßfpw \ne\n¬°p∂Xv. `qanbpsS kzbw {àWØneqsSbp≈ cm∏IepIfpsS am‰w apX¬ hyXykvXßfmb X∑m{XIfpsS LS\ hsc ssZhnI hn[n {]ImcamWv kwhn[m\n°s∏ńcn°p∂Xv. `qan kzbw {à WØns\Sp°p∂ kabamb 23 aWn°q¿ 56 an\p´v 4.09 sk° ≥dn¬ A¬]sa¶nepw am‰whcpØm≥ krjvSnIƒ°v Ignbp tam? c≠v ssl{UP≥ B‰ßfpw Hcp HmIvknP≥ B‰hpw IqSn t®¿∂mWv Hcp PeX∑m{Xbp≠mhp∂sX∂ ssZhnIhn[nsb 1. Jp¿-B≥- 36: 38 2. Jp¿-B≥- 55: 5

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

168

B¿°pw am‰nadn°m\mhn√. ssZhnIhn[nbpsS ASnkvYm\X Ø-zw a\ nem°m\pXIp∂ Jp¿B≥ hmIyw Cßs\bmWv. "Xo¿®bmbpw GXp hkvXpshbpw \mw krjvSn®n´p≈Xv Hcp hyhkvY (JZvdv) {]ImcamIp∂p'.-1 Poh\p≈ hkvXp°fpw Cu ssZhnI hn[n°XoXa√. ssPh hkvXphns\ \n¿an°m\p]tbmKn®ncn°p∂ CjvSnIIsf∂p hntijn∏n°s∏Sp∂ PohtImißƒ apX¬ G‰hpw k¶o¿W amb Ahbhamb akvXnjvIw hsc ssZhnI hyhkvY°\pkr XambmWv \ne\n¬°p∂Xv. B¿°pw am‰phm≥ IgnbmØXm Wo hyhkvYsb∂ ImcyØn¬ `n∂m`n{]mban√. PohtImiß fnse hyhkvY imkv{XPvR∑msc AXv`pXkvX_v[cm°pIbm Wv sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. tImißƒ°p≈nse t{ImatkmapIfnse Po\pIfn¬ tcJs∏SpØs∏´ P\nXItImUpIfmWv PohnI fpsS kz`mhw \n¿Wbn°p∂Xv . Iiph≠n Ipgn®n´m¬ amhp≠mImXncn°p∂Xv AXnse P\nXItImUpIƒ Aßs\ A\pimkn°p∂Xn\memWv. P∑\m e`n°p∂ kz`mh khnti jXIƒ P\nXItImUn¬ tcJs∏SpØs∏ń´p≈hbmWvv. ]qh≥tImgn Iqhp∂Xp apX¬ ]penbpsS iucyw hscbp≈ kz`mhßsf√mw Po\pIfn¬ tcJs∏SpØnbn´ps≠∂¿Y-w. Nne PohnIfpsS P∑hmk\Iƒ \mKcnI a\pjys\t∏mepw AXv`pXs∏SpØp∂p. ssiXyImeØv B¿ń°n¬ \n∂p ]pd s∏´v ]Xnt\gmbncw Intemao‰¿ ]d∂v th\emIptºmtg°pw A‚m¿ń°nseØnt®cpIbpw AhnsS A¬] Znhkw Xßnb tijw Xm≥ h∂ AtX hgnbneqsS ]pds∏´ IrXykvYeØv Xs∂ Xncns®ØpIbpw sNøp∂ B¿ńIvtS¨. k¿Kmtkmbp sS AKm[XIfn¬ sh®v ap´hncn™v ]pdØph∂v \membnc tØmfw Intemao‰¿ Zqcw Bcpw hgnImWn°m\n√msX k©cn ®v XßfpsS "amXmhv' ]pds∏´ AtX kvYeØv FØnt®cp∂ Bc¬ a¬kyßƒ. hÆap≈ acßƒ apdns®SpØv X\n°m hiyap≈ coXnbnep≈ ]WnØcam°n am‰n \Zn°cbn¬ "Fb¿ I≠oj≥' sNbvX hoSp\n¿an°p∂ Imńse F©n\ob sd∂p hnfn°s∏Sp∂ _oh¿. Nne {]tXyI Xcw \rØßfneq 1. Jp¿-B≥- 54: 49

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sS XßfpsS Iq´mfnIƒ°v ]q°fp≈ kv Y esØ°pdn®v hyIvXamb hnhcw \¬Ip∂ tX\o®Iƒ. kzicocØn¬ \n∂p Adp∂qdv hmƒ´v hsc iIvXnbp≈ sshZypXnbp¬]mZn∏n°p∂ tSm¿]ntUm, \m¿kn¬ XpSßnb a¬kyh¿Kßƒ. Xs≥d ]n∂n¬ hcp∂h¿°p hgn ImWn°phm\mbn s^tdmtamWpIƒ F∂ cmkktµiab°p∂ DdpºpIƒ. acp`qanbn¬ Pohn°phm \mhiyamb F√m A\pIqe\ßfpap≈ HÍßƒ. kzicoc Øn¬ \S°p∂ cmk{]h¿Ø\ßfneqsS {]Imiw \n¿an°phm ≥ Ignbp∂ an∂man\pßpIƒ. kqcys\ Bkv]Zam°n icnbmb Zni a\ nem°p∂ cmPR≠pIƒ. ChbpsS Cu kz`mh ssh injvSyßsf√mw Po\pIfn¬ tcJs∏ń´ps≠∂mWv P\nXI imkv{Xw hyIvXam°p∂Xv. Cu kz`mhßfn¬ \n∂v AWp Afhv hyXnNen°phm≥ {]kvXpX PohnIƒ°v km[ya√. tX\o®°v jUv`pPmIrXnbn¬ am{Xta IqSp≠m°m\mhq. {XntImWIrXnbntem NXp¿`pPmIrXnbntem IqSp≠m°m\m hn√. ssZhnIhyhkvYbn¬ \n∂v AWpAfhv hyXnNen°p hm≥ PohnIƒs°m∂pamhns√∂¿Y-w. A√mlphns≥d AXyp¬IrjvSkrjvSnbmb a\pjy\pw ssZhhn[nbn¬ \n∂p apIvX\√. kzbw \nb{¥n°m≥ Ignbp∂ GXm\pw Ahbhßƒ am{Xta a\pjy\p≈q. Ah Xs∂ Ah s≥d ]q¿Wamb \nb{¥WØn\p IognemsW∂p ]dbm\mhn√. ssIhncepIƒ Cf°phm\p≈ \ΩpsS Ignhv Ahbv°p≈nse AkvYnIfpsS \ne\n¬∏pambn _\v[s∏´Wncn°p∂Xv. a\p jy icocØnse hyhkvYIfnsem∂pt]mepw \ΩpsS ]q¿Wam b \nb{¥WØn\p Iogne√. \ΩpsS BImcw apX¬ hnImcß ƒ hsc Po\pIfn¬ tcJs∏SpØs∏ń´ps≠∂mWv B[p\nI P\nXIw hyIvXam°p∂Xv. a\pjyicocØn¬ Znt\\ \St° ≠ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ apgph≥ Po\pIfn¬ tcJs∏SpØs∏ń´p ≠s{X. Cßs\ a\pjys≥d Hcp ZnhksØ {]h¿Ø\ßsf °pdn°p∂ P\nXI BteJ\ßƒ am{Xw enJnX `mjbn¬ \mw cNn°m\ncn°pIbmsW¶n¬ Bbnc°W°n\v hmeyßƒ th≠nhcpsa∂mWv imkv{XPvR∑mcpsS ]£w. a\pjys≥d C{µnbßfpw Ahbhßfpw hyhkvYIfpsa√mw {]h¿Øn°p

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∂Xv Cu P\nXI \n¿tZ-ißƒ°\pkcn®mWv. ssZhnIhn[n bn¬ \n∂v a\pjy≥ kzX{¥\msW∂ hmZw Igºn√mØXmWv. {]]©amkIew ssZhhyhkvY°\pkrXambn Nen®psIm≠n cn°ptºmƒ a\pjy\v am{Xw {]kvXpX hyhkvYbn¬ \n∂v apIvXamIm\mhn√. Ah\pw ssZhhn[n {]Imcw Xs∂bmWv Pohn®p sIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. "Hcp _oPØn¬ \n∂v Ahs\ (A√mlp) krjvSn°pIbpw F∂n´v Ahs\ (Ahs≥d Imcyw) hyhkvYs∏SpØpIbpw sNbvXp'.1 a\pjys≥d P\\w apX¬ acWwhscbp≈ Imcyßsf√mw ssZhhn[n°\pkrXambmWv \S°p∂Xv. ]nXmhv {khn® e£°W°n\v _oPßfn¬ e£WsamØ H∂v amXmhns≥d K¿`mibØnse Afihpambn ktbmPn®t∏mgmWv \Ωfp ≠mbXv. as‰mcp _oPambncp∂p Afihpambn kwtbmPn® sX¶n¬ D≠mhpI as‰mcp hyIvXnbmbncn°pw. ChnsS ssZh hn[nb√msX as‰m∂pa√ \sΩ `qanbnte°v ]d™b®sX∂ hkvXpX \ap°v t_m[yamhp∂p. F{Xsb{X {]khßfmWv Nm∏n≈Ifmhp∂Xv! AXnsem∂pw s]SpØmsX Poh\p≈ ]q¿W a\pjycm°n \sΩ am‰nbXpw hf¿Øns°m≠ncn°p ∂Xpw A√mlphns≥d hn[nbmWv. Ahs≥d \n¿WbamWv. "K¿`mibßƒ IΩn hcpØp∂Xpw h¿[\hp≠m°p∂Xpw Ah\dnbp∂p. GsXmcp Imcyhpw Ahs≥d ASp°¬ Hcp \nivNnX tXmX\pkcn®mIp∂p'.2 P\\w F{]ImcamtWm ssZhnIhn[nbn¬ A[njvTnXambn cn°p∂Xv, A{]Imcw Xs∂ acWhpw kw`hn°p∂Xv A√mlp hns≥d hn[n {]ImcamWv. acWØn¬ \n∂v Hfnt®mSm\p≈ a\pjycpsS {iaßƒ apgph≥ hy¿Y-ambns°m≠ncn°pIbm Wv. acWØn¬ \n∂v ]q¿Wamb c£t\Sp∂Xv t]mbn´v acW kabØn¬ am‰w hcpØm≥t]mepw C∂pw am\hcmin°v Ign ™n´n√. A\mtcmyhpw hm¿≤Iyhpw ]et∏mgpw acWØn\v ImcWamIdps≠¶nepw Ah am{Xa√ acWtlXphmbn `hn°p∂sX∂ hkvXpX \ap°dnbmhp∂XmWv. AtcmKZrV 1. Jp¿-B≥- 80: 19 2. Jp¿-B≥- 13: 8

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Km{Xsc∂v \mw IcpXp∂ ]ecpw s]s´∂v acn®p t]mbXmbpw IpńIfpsS iha©w hr≤∑m¿ t]dnbXmbpap≈ A\p`hßƒ \aps°√mw th≠pthmfap≠v. acWw ssZhhn[nbmWv. P\n® h¿ acn°psa∂Xpw {]]©Øns≥d hyhkvYbmWv. {]kvXpX hyhkvYbn¬ am‰whcpØphm≥ B¿°pw Ignbn√. "\nßƒ FhnsSbmbncp∂mepw acWw \nßsf ]nSnIqSp∂XmWv . \nßƒ `{Zambn sIńbpb¿Øs∏´ tImÍƒ°p≈nembm¬ t]mepw''1. "Hcp Zo¿Lmbp v \¬Is∏´bmƒ°pw Bbp v \nńs°mSp °s∏Sp∂tXm BbmfpsS Bbp n¬ Ipdhv hcpØs∏Sp∂ tXm Hcp tcJbn¬ D≈X\pkcn®√msX \S°p∂n√. Xo¿® bmbpw AXv A√mlphn\v Ffp∏ap≈XmIp∂p'2 a\pjys\mgn®p≈ PohPmeßsf√mw P∑hmk\b\pk cn®p am{XamWv Pohn°p∂Xv. a\pjy\mIs´ CXn¬ \n∂v hyXykvX\mWv. a‰p PohnIfpambn XmcXayw sNøptºmƒ a\pjy\v e`n®ncn°p∂ ss\k¿KnI IgnhpIƒ Xptemw ]cnan XamWv. XWp∏n¬ \n∂v c£ t\Sm≥ IcSnsbt∏msebp≈ tcma°p∏mbtam hoSp \n¿an°m≥ _ohdns\t∏msebp≈ kmt¶XnI sshZKv[ytam tSm¿∏ntUmhns\t∏mse sshZypXn \n¿an°phm\p≈ Ignthm a\pjy\v P∑\m e`n°p∂n√. Cu IgnhpIƒs°√mw ]Icambn a\pjy\v P∑\m \¬Is∏ńcn°p ∂Xv hntij_p≤nbmWv. Nn¥n®v Imcyßƒ a\ nem°n {]h¿Øn°phm\pw ]ptcmKan°phm\pw a\pjy\v km[n°p∂Xv Cu hntij_p≤nbp≈Xp sIm≠mWv. IcSntØment\°mƒ Ińbp≈ tcma°p∏mbßfp≠m°phm\pw _oh¿ IqSpItf°m ¿ kpµchpw kpc£nXhpamb hoSpIƒ \n¿an°phm\pw tSm¿]n tUm \n¿an°p∂Xnt\°mƒ iIvXamb sshZypXnbp¬]mZn∏n °phm\pw a\pjy\v km[n°p∂Xv hntij_p≤n D]tbmKn°p ∂XvsIm≠mWv. arKßfpsS apgph≥ ss\k¿KnI IgnhpI sfbpw tXm¬]n°phm≥ a\pjys≥d hntij_p≤n°v km[n °pw. IÆv, ImXv XpSßnb C{µnbßƒ hgn e`n°p∂ AdnhpI 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 73 2. Jp¿-B≥- 35: 11

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sf A]{KYn®v a\ nem°n Imcyßƒ Xocpam\n°m\p≈ IgnhmWv hntij_p≤n. IÆpw ImXpw icocØnse a‰hbh ßfpsa√mw {]h¿Øn°p∂Xv ssZhnIhn[n°\pkrXambn´m Wv. AXpsIm≠p-Xs∂ hntij_p≤nbpw ssZhnIhn[n {]Im cambncn°Ww {]h¿Ønt°≠Xv. _p≤nbpsS hyhlmctaJe bn¬ I¿i\ambpw ]men°s∏Sp∂ ssZhnIhyhkvYbps≠∂p Xs∂bmWv B[p\nI]T\ßƒ hyIvXam°p∂Xvv. F∂m¬, arKßfpsS I¿aßfpw a\pjyI¿aßfpw XΩn¬ kmcamb A¥cap≠v. klPamb hmk\Iƒ°\pkcn®mWv arKßƒ I¿aw sNøp∂Xv. {]kvXpX I¿aßƒ°v P\nXamb Nne \nb{¥Wßfpap≠v. B \nb{¥Wßsf AXnewLn°p hm≥ arKßƒ°v km[ya√. `£Ww, ]m\obw, hnImcia\w XpSßnb arKobamb Bhiyßfnse√mw Xs∂ PohnIƒ ]men°p∂ Nn´Ifpw \nbaßfpw AhbpsS Po\pIfn¬ tcJ s∏SpØs∏´ enJnXßƒ {]Imcap≈hbmWv. ssewKnI_‘ Øns≥d ImcyØn¬ PohtemIØv s]mXphmbn \ne\n¬°p∂ Hcp \nbaamWv. kz¥w Pohnh¿K(species)Øn¬ s]´hcpambn am{Xsa {]kvXpX _‘w ]mSp≈psh∂p≈Xv Cu \nbaw ewLn°phm≥ km[mcWKXnbn¬ PohnIƒ°v km[n°p Ibn√.1 ip≤kky`p°pIƒ amwkmlmchpw ip≤amwk`p°p Iƒ kkymlmchpw Ign°mXncn°p∂Xv AhbpsS Po\pIfn¬ C°mcyw tcJs∏SpØs∏´n´p≈Xn\memWv. Cßs\ PohnIfp sS {]h¿Ø\ßsf√mw ]q¿Wambpw ssZhnIhn[n°\pkrXam bn´mWp≈Xv. a\pjycpw a‰p PohnIfpw XΩnep≈ {][m\s∏´ A¥cw Xs∂ ChnsSbmWv kvYnXnsNøp∂Xv. I¿aßfpsS ImcyØn¬ arKßfptSXn¬\n∂v hyXykv X amb Nne kzmX{¥yßƒ A√mlp a\pjy\v \¬Inbn´p≠v. Cu kzmX{¥yw t]mepw ssZhnIhn[nbpsS ]cn[n°p≈nemsW∂ Imcyw {]tXyIw {]kvXmhyamWv. ssIIƒ sIm≠v ]eXpw sNøphm≥ a\pjy\v Ignbpw. ]t£ ssIIƒ°p≈ kzmX{¥yw a\pjys≥d CNvOm 1. CXn-\v- Nn-e A]hm-Zßfp-≠v.- {]kv-Xp-X A]hm-Zßƒ-°v- ]n-∂n-epw- hy-Iv-Xamb ssZhn-I hy-hkv-Ybm-Wv- Nn-¥n-°p-∂h¿-°v- Im-Wm≥- Ign-bp-I

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iIvXnbpambn _\v[s∏´mWncn°p∂Xv. AXm-Is´,- A√m-lpAh∂v- \¬-In-b A\p-{Klhp-am-Wv.- t]\bp]tbmKn°phm≥ a\pjy\v km[n°p∂Xv A√mlphns≥d hn[n{]ImcamWv. t]\ sIm≠v Fs¥gpXWsa∂v Xocpam\n°p∂Xv a\pjys≥d COvNmiIvXnbmWv. Cu CNvOmiIvXnbmIs´ Hcp ]cn[nhsc˛ ssZhnI hn[nbpsS hcp-Xn°p≈n¬˛kzX{¥amWv. Cu kzmX {¥yw Fßs\ D]tbmKn°p∂psh∂XmWv a\pjys\ DZmØ \pw A[a\pam°p∂Xv. XqenI sIm≠v a\pjysc kwkvIcn®v AXp]tbmKn°p∂h\v DØa\mIphm\pw a\pjysc hgnsX‰n ®v A[a\mIphm\pw Ignbpw. AXv Fßs\bp]tbmKn°Wsa ∂v Xocpam\n°p∂Xv a\pjys≥d CNvOmiIvXnbmWv. CNvOm iIvXnbmhs´ kzX{¥amWpXm\pw. "Xo¿®bmbpw \mw Ah∂v hgn ImWn®psImSpØncn°p∂p. F∂n´v H∂pIn¬ Ah≥ \µnbp≈h\mIp∂p. As√¶n¬ \µnsI´h\mIp∂p.-'1 "F∂n´v AXn∂v AXns≥d ZpjvSXbpw AXns≥d kq£v aXbpw kw_\v[n®v Ah≥ t_m[w ([¿am[¿aßsf°pdn® klPmht_m[w) \¬IpIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.-'2 "sXfn™p \n¬°p∂ c≠p ]mXIƒ Ah∂v \mw Im´ns°m Sp°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.-'3 GsXmcp {]h¿Ø\Ønepw Cu c≠p ]mXIƒ ImWm≥ Ignbpw. kXyØns≥dbpw AkXyØns≥dbpw ]mXIƒ. [¿a Øns≥dbpw A[¿aØns≥dbpw am¿Kßƒ. `£Ww P¥p klNamb Hcp BhiyamWv. ]t£, F¥p Ign°Wsa∂Xn s\°pdn®v P\nXIambn Adnhv a\pjy\n√. AXp sXcs™Sp °phm≥ a\pjy\v kzmX{¥yap≠v. Xn∑bpsS am¿KØneqsS `£W kºmZ\amImw, \∑bpsS am¿KØneqsSbpamImw. Xnc s™Sp∏v a\pjykzmX{¥yØn¬ s]´XmWv . \∑bpsS ]mXbmWv Xncs™Sp°p∂sX¶n¬ Ah≥ ss]imNnIamb A[xkvYnXnbnseØnt®cpw. Xn-∑bpsS ]mXbmWv kzoIcn°p ∂sX¶ntem Ah≥ a\pjymkvXnXzØns≥d DPvPze `mhw ssI 1. Jp¿-B≥- 76: 3 2. Jp¿-B≥- 91: 8 3. Jp¿-B≥- 90: 10

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hcn°pw. CXp ]d™psImSp°phm\mWv {]hmNI∑m¿ \nbp IvXcmbXv. ssZhnIhn[nhne°pIf\pkcn®psIm≠v Pohn°p ∂h¿ a\pjymXvamhns\ {]Imiam\am-°pIbpw Ahkm\w ssZhm\p{KlØn\v ]m{Xo`qXcmbn kz¿K{]thiØn\v A¿l cmhpIbpw sNøpsa∂pw ss]imNnIamb ]mX kzoIcn°p∂ h≥ A[x]X\XnseØnt®cpIbpw ssZhtIm]Øn\v ]m{Xam bn Ahkm\w \cIØnte°v Fdnbs∏SpIbpw sNøpsa∂pw a\pjy¿°v D¬t_m[\w \¬Iphm\mWv {]hmNI∑m¿ \nbpIvXcmbXv. "h√h\pw t\¿am¿Kw kzoIcn°p∂psh¶n¬ kz¥w KpWØn\mbn Xs∂bmWv Ah≥ t\¿am¿Kw kzoIcn °p∂Xv. h√h\pw hgn]ng®pt]mIp∂ ]£w X\n°v tZmjØn \mbn Xs∂bmWv Ah≥ hgn]ng®pt]mIp∂Xv. ]m]`mcw Npa °p∂ bmsXmcmfpw as‰mcmfpsS ]m]`mcw Npa°pIbn√. Hcp ZqXs\ Ab°p∂Xphsc \mw (Bscbpw) in£n°p∂Xpa√.'1 "Xo¿®bmbpw CXv Hcp D¬t_m[\amIp∂p. BIbm¬ h√ h\pw Dt±in°p∂ ]£w Xs≥d c£nXmhn¶te°p≈ am¿Kw kzoIcn®psIm≈s´.-'2 "]dbpI: kXyw \nßfpsS c£nXmhn¶¬ \n∂p≈XmIp∂p. AXn\m¬ Cjv S ap≈h¿ hnizkn°s´. Cjv S ap≈h¿ Ahnizkn°s´.-'3 hnizkn°phm\pw Ahnizkn°phm\pap≈ kzmX{¥yw Hm tcm hyIvXnbnepw \n£n]vXamWv. hnizkn°pIbpw k¬I¿a ßfnte¿s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂h\v e`n°p∂ {]Xnêw kz¿K PohnXhpw Ahnizkn°pIbpw ZpjvIrXyßfnte¿s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂h\v {]Xnêw \cI PohnXhpamsW∂v apºp hyIvXam °nbt√m. CXpw A√mlphns≥d Hcp hyhkvYbmWv. Ahs≥d hn[n°\pkcn®mWv kz¿K{]thi\Øn\p≈ am\Zfihpw Zp¿hrØX \cI{]thi\Øn\p≈ am\ZfihpamWv. Cu {]]©hyhkvY°p ]n∂nse ssZhhn[nbpw I¿aw sNøphm≥ a\pjy\v \¬Is∏ńcn°p∂ kzmX{¥yhpw ]ckv 1. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 15 2. Jp¿-B≥- 76: 29 3. Jp¿-B≥- 18: 29

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]cw ]qcIßfmsW∂v- a\ nem°mØXmWv C∆njbIambn Db¿∂phcp∂ kwibßfpsSsb√mw aqeImcWw.- I¿aw sNøp hm≥ am{XamWv a\pjy\v kzmX{¥yap≈Xv. AXns≥d êsa ¥mbncn°Wsa∂v \nivNbn°phm\p≈ AhImiw Ah\n¬ \n£n]Xva√. AXp Xocpam\n°p∂Xv A√mlphmWv. I¿aßƒ °v êw \¬Ip∂Xv˛CltemIØpw ]ctemIØpw˛ A√mlp hmWv. Hmtcm I¿aØns≥dbpw êw F¥mbncn°Wsa∂v A√mlp \nivNbn®n´p≠v. AX\pkcn®v am{XamWv I¿aêß fp≠mhp∂Xv.- ssZhw \nivNbn® I¿a-êßsfs¥ms°bm sW∂v a\ nem°n AXp t\SnsbSp°phm\mhiyamb I¿aß ƒ sNøphm≥ am{Xsa a\pjy¿°v km[n°pIbp≈q. Cu I¿a ßƒ Xncs™Sp°phm\p≈ kzmX{¥yw a\pjy¿°mWv Xm\pw. \∑bpsS êw \∑bpw Xn∑bpsS êw Xn∑bpambncn°p sa∂ Imcyw F√mh¿°padnbmhp∂XmWv. Cu hyhkvY \nivN bn®ncn°p∂Xv A√mlphmWv. \√ `£Wßfp]tbmKn°p Ibpw kZvhrØcmbn Pohn°pIbpw sNøp∂h¿ s]mXpsh AtcmK-Z-rVKm{Xcmbncn°pw. aZy]m\hpw A[m¿anIhrØnI fpw PohnXNcybm°nbhcpsS A¥yw- ZpxJßfnepw ZpcnXßfn epambncn°pw. CXp I¿aêßsf°pdn® ssZhhn[nbmWv. Cu hn[n°\pkrXambmWv Imcyßƒ \S∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv. Hcmƒ AtcmK ZrVKm{X\mIp∂Xv ssZhhn[n {]ImcamWv. ]t£ Cu ssZhhn[nIƒ°v \nanØamIp∂Xv a\pjycpsS {]h¿Ø\ßfmWv. Hcmƒ `£Ww Ign°msX "BtcmKyw' F∂ ssZhhn[n ImØncn°p∂Xne¿Y-an√. AXpt]mseØ s∂bmWv Hcp aZy]m\n Xs≥d ZpxJØn\pw ZpcnXØn\pw ssZh hn[nsb Ip‰s∏SpØp∂Xpw. A√mlphns≥d hn[nbpw am\p jnII¿aßfpw XΩnep≈ _\v[w CXn¬ \n∂p a\ nem°mw. \∑bpsSbpw Xn∑bpsSbpw DdhnSw A√mlphmWv. Ch a\p jy¿°v t\Sm\mIp∂Xv AhcpsS I¿aßƒ°\pkrXambmsW ∂v am{Xw. \∑bpw Xn∑bpw ASnkvYm\]cambn A√mlphn¬ \n∂p≈XmsW∂v- kqNn∏n°p∂ Jp¿B\nI kqIvXßƒ {i≤n°pI: "Ah¿°v h√ t\´hpw h∂p Inńbm¬ Ah¿ ]d

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bpw; CXv A√mlphn¶¬ \n∂v e`n®XmWv F∂v. Ah¿°v h√ tZmjhpw _m[n®m¬ Ah¿ ]dbpw: CXv \o ImcWw D≠mbXmsW∂v. ]dbpI F√mw A√mlphns≥d ]°¬ \n∂p ≈XmWv. At∏mƒ Cu BfpIƒs°¥p]‰n? Ah¿ Hcp hnjb hpw a\ nem°m≥ `mhan√.-'1 "\n\°v A√mlp h√ tZmjhpw hcpØnsh°pIbmsW¶n¬ AXv \o°w sNøphm≥ Ah\√msX a‰mcpan√. \n\°v Ah≥ h√ KpWhpw hcpØpIbmsW¶ntem Ah≥ GsXmcp ImcyØn epw Ignhp≈h\pas{X.-'2 \∑Xn∑Iƒ s]mXphmbn A√mlphn¬ \n∂p≈XmsW ¶nepw hyIvXnIƒ°v Xn∑ h∂p`hn°p∂Xn∂p≈ ImcW °mc≥ AXn∂p \nanØamIp∂ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ sNøp∂bmfp Xs∂bmIp∂p. [q¿Øv a\pjysc ]m∏cm°p∂p. CXp ssZhhn [nbmWv. [q¿Ø\mb Hcmƒ ]m∏cmbm¬ AXp ssZhhn[nbm sW∂v ]dbp∂Xn¬ A]mIXsbm∂pan√. F∂m¬ Abmƒ ]m∏cmIm\p≈ ImcW°mc≥ Abmƒ Xs∂bmWv. hnhm tlXc ssewKnI _\v[Ønte¿s∏Sp∂h¿ amcIamb sseKnI tcmKØn\v hnt[bcmIp∂p. Hcmƒ°v FbnUvkv hcp∂Xv ssZh hn[n aqeamsW∂p ]dbmw. F∂m¬, Abmƒ°v FbnUvkv hcm\p≈ ImcW°mc≥ Abmƒ Xs∂bmWv. Cu hkvXp Xbnte°v Jp¿B≥ hnc¬Nq≠p∂Xv t\m°pI: "\∑bmbn´v \n°v Fs¥m∂v h∂pInńbmepw AXv A√mlphn¶¬ \n∂p ≈XmWv. \ns∂ _m[n°p∂ GsXmcp tZmjhpw \ns≥d ]°¬ \n∂p Xs∂ D≠mhp∂XmWv'.-3 I¿aw sNøpIbmWv a\pjyI¿Øhysa∂pw AXn∂v êw \¬Ip∂Xv A√mlphmsW∂pap≈ CkvemanI hnizmkØn\v AXn_enjvSamb Hcp Zm¿i\nI ASnØdbp≠v. H∂maXmbn a\pjysc AXp I¿a\ncX\m°p∂p. I¿aßƒ°\pkcn®mWv A√mlp {]Xnêw \¬IpIsb∂ hnizmkamWv Cu I¿a\n cXbv°m[mcw. XßfpsS I¿aßƒ°v Dt±in® êw e`n°p 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 78 2. Jp¿-B≥- 6: 17 3. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 79

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tºmƒ Ah¿ Al¶mcnIfmIp∂n√. ImcWw êw \¬InbXv A√mlphmsW∂mWv AhcpsS hnizmkw. D±njvS êw kn≤n °mXncn°ptºmƒ Ah¿ \ncmicmIp∂p-an√; AXv ssZhhn[n bmsW∂v kam[m\aSbpIbmWh¿ sNøp∂Xv. XßfpsS I¿a ßƒ°v -êw \¬Ip∂Xv ]S®Xºpcm\msW∂pw Ahs≥d hn[n°\pkcn®mWv Imcyßƒ \S°p∂sX∂pap≈ hnizmkw Cu a\pjysc [occpw AtXkabw kuayioecpam°n am‰p∂p. AXmWv CkvemanINcn{XØn¬ \ap°v ImWm≥ Ignbp∂Xv. A√mlphns≥d hn[n°\pkrXambmWv XßfpsS PohnXhpw acWhpw kw`hn°p∂sX∂ t_m[w apkvenwIsf iqc∑mcm °n. XßfpsS ZnKznPbßƒ A√mlphns≥d Zm\amsW∂ hnizmkw Ahsc kuay∑mcm°n. hn[nhnizmkw C{XtØmfw krjvSn]cambn {]tbmKn°s∏´ as‰mcp kaqlsØ Ncn{XØn semcnSØpw ImWpI km[ya√; CkvemanI Ncn{XØne√msX. hn[nhnizmkØns≥d adhn¬ XßfpsS ZpjvIrXyßsf√mw A√mlphns≥d hn[n{]ImcamWp≠mIp∂sX∂v hmZn®ncp∂ a°mapivcn°pIsf iIvXamb `mjbn¬ Jp¿B≥ hna¿in°p ∂p≠v. XßfpsS _lpssZhmcm[\bv°pw tæOhrØnIƒ°pw ImcWw A√mlphns≥d hn[nbmsW∂mbncp∂p Ahcp-sS hmZw. Cu hmZsØ Jp¿B≥ hna¿in°p∂Xv t\m°pI: "]ca ImcpWnI≥ Dt±in®ncps∂¶n¬ \nßƒ Ahsc Bcm[n°pam bncp∂n√ F∂h¿ ]dbpIbpw sNøpw. Ah¿°v AXns\∏‰n bmsXmcp Adhpan√. Ah¿ Duln®p ]dbpI am{XamIp∂p'.1 "(A√mlpthmSv) ]¶mfnIsf tN¿Øh¿ ]d™p: A√mlp Dt±in®ncp∂psh¶n¬ Rßtfm RßfpsS ]nXm°∑mtcm Ah ∂v ]pdsa bmsXm∂ns\bpw Bcm[n°pambncp∂n√. Ahs≥d I¬]\ IqSmsX Rßƒ bmsXm∂pw \njn≤am°pIbpw C√m bncp∂p. AXpt]mseØs∂ Ah¿°v apºp≈hcpw sNbvXn´p ≠v. F∂m¬ ssZhZqX∑mcpsSta¬ kv]jvSamb {]t_m[\a √msX h√ _m[yXbpapt≠m?'2 "Ah¿ h√ \oNhrØnbpw sNbvXm¬ RßfpsS ]nXm°ƒ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 43: 20 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 35

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AXn¬ \nesIm≈p∂Xmbn Rßƒ I≠n´ps≠∂pw A√mlp RßtfmSv I¬∏n®XmWXv F∂pamWv Ah¿ ]dbpI. \nßƒ A√mlphns≥d t]cn¬ \nßƒ°v hnhcan√mØXv ]d™p≠m °pIbmtWm?'1 HmtcmcpØcpsSbpw \∑Xn∑Iƒ°v Ah¿ Xs∂bmWv DØ chmZnIsf∂v kqNn∏n°p∂ H´\h[n kqIvXßƒ Jp¿B\nep ≠v. Ah\h≥ sNbvX \∑Iƒ°v ]ctemIØpsh®v X°Xmb {]Xnêhpw Xn∑Iƒ°v in£bpw e`n°psa∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. \∑ Xn∑Iƒ Xncs™Sp°m\p≈ a\pjys≥d kzmX{¥ysØbmWv Ch kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. Cu kzmX{¥yw ssZhnIimk\Iƒ°\pkrXambn hn\ntbmKn°ptºmgmWv Hcmƒ kz¿KmhIminbmhp∂Xv. adn®mIptºmƒ \cImhIm inbpw. "F∂m¬, hnizkn°pIbpw k¬I¿aßƒ {]h¿Øn°pI bpw sNbvXh¿°v Ahc¿ln°p∂ {]Xnêw A√mlp ]q¿W ambn \¬Ip∂XmWv. A{IanIsf A√mlp CjvSs∏SpIbn√'.2 "Ahnizkn°pbpw \ΩpsS ZrjvSm¥ßƒ \ntj[n®pX≈p Ibpw sNbvXhcmtcm Ahcmbncn°pw \cImhIminIƒ. Ahc Xn¬ \nXyhmknIfmbncn°pw.-'3 "A√mlp HcmtfmSpw- AbmfpsS Ignhn¬s∏´X√msX sNøm ≥ \n¿_\v[n°pIbn√. HmtcmcpØcpw- {]h¿Øn®Xns≥d k¬ êw Ahch¿°p Xs∂. HmtcmcpØcp-w- {]h¿Øn®Xns≥d Zpjvêhpw AhchcpsSta¬ Xs∂.-'4 "Xo¿®bmbpw CsXmcp D¬t_m[\amIp∂p. AXn\m¬ h√ h\pw Dt±in°p∂ ]£w Ah≥- Xs≥d c£nXmhn¶te°v Hcp am¿Kw kzoIcn®psIm≈s´.-'5 k∑m¿Kw Hcp ssZhnIZm\amWv. AXp e`n°p∂Xv a\pjy {]bXv\w sIm≠msW∂p am{Xw. Xpd∂ a\ pw kXyw Is≠ ØWsa∂ B{Klhpw sh®psIm≠v k∑m¿KØnseØphm≥ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 28 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 57 3. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 39 4. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 286 5. Jp¿-B≥- 73: 19

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ITn\m[zm\w sNøp∂h¿°v A√mlp \¬Ip∂ Zm\amWv k∑m ¿K{]m]vXn F∂¿Y-w. AXp \¬Iphm≥ a\pjy¿°m¿°pw km[ya√. Hcmsf k∑m¿KØnem°phm≥ as‰mcmƒ°v km[n °pIbn√. k¬]mŸmhns\°pdn®v D]tZin®p sImSp°pI am{XamWv C∆njbIambn a\pjy¿°v ]ckv]cw sNøm≥ km[n°p∂ Imcyw. "Xo¿®bmbpw hnizkn°pIbpw k¬I¿aßƒ {]h¿Øn°p Ibpw sNbvXhcmtcm, AhcpsS hnizmkØns≥d ^eambn AhcpsS c£nXmhv Ahsc t\¿hgnbnem°p∂XmWv'1 "]ivNmØ]n®p aSßnbhsc Xs≥d am¿KØnte°v Ah≥ \bn°p∂p. AXmbXv hnizkn°pIbpw A√mlpsh∏‰nbp≈ Hm¿asIm≠v a\ pIƒ im¥ambnØocpIbpw sNøp∂hsc. {i≤n°pI: A√mlpsh∏‰nbp≈ Hm¿a sIm≠s{X a\ pIƒ im¥ambnØocp∂Xv.-'2 "k∑m¿Kw kzoIcn®hcmIs´ A√mlp Ah¿°v IqSpX¬ am¿§Z¿i\w \¬IpIbpw Ah¿°p th≠Xmb kq£vaX Ah ¿°v \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂XmWv.-'3 kXy\ntj[Øns≥d Imcyhpw CtXt]mseØs∂bmWv. Al¶mcw aqew ssZhimk\Iƒ ewLn®p Pohn°pIbpw X\n °v ssZhw \¬Inb C{µnbßƒ kXymt\zjWØn\v D]tbm Kn°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂hsc Zp¿am¿KØnem°p∂Xpw A√mlp Xs∂bmWv. a\pjycpsS I¿aßƒ Zpjn°pIbpw hn izmkw ]ng°pIbpw sNøptºmƒ ssZhhn[n {]Imcw Ah¿ Zp¿am¿KØn¬ sN∂p NmSp∂p. Zp¿am¿KØn¬ \n∂v Hcmsf c£n°phm≥ as‰mcmƒ°v Ignbn√. k∑m¿KØnte°v £Wn °pI am{XamWv C°mcyØn¬ hyIvXnIƒ°v ]ckv]cw sNøm ≥ Ignbp∂ Imcyw. HmtcmcpØcpsSbpw I¿aßƒ°\pkcn®v k∑m¿Khpw Zp¿am¿Khpw \¬Ip∂Xv A√mlphmsW∂v kmcw. "kXy\ntj[nIsf kw_\v[n®nStØmfw \o Ah¿°v Xm °oXv \¬Inbmepw Cs√¶nepw kaamIp∂p. Ah¿ hnizkn°p 1. Jp¿-B≥- 10: 9 2. Jp¿-B≥- 13: 27, 28 3. Jp¿-B≥- 47: 17

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∂X√. AhcpsS a\ pIƒ°pw ImXn\pw A√mlp ap{Zsh®ncn °pIbmWv. AhcpsS ZrjvSnIfnt∑epw Hcp aqSnbp≠v. Ah¿°m Ip∂p I\Ø in£bp≈Xv.-'1 "Ahnizkn°pIbpw A\ymbw {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNbvXh cmtcm Ah¿°v A√mlp Hcn°epw s]mdpØp sImSp°p∂X√. \cIØns≥d am¿KØnte°√msX as‰mcp am¿KØnte°pw Ah≥ Ahsc \bn°p∂Xpa√. Fs∂t∂°pambn AhcXn¬ kvYnchmknIfmbncn°pw. A√mlphn\v AXv Ffp∏ap≈ ImcyamIp∂p.-' Xm≥ hgnsX‰phm\mWv ssZhhn[nsb¶n¬ Rm≥ F{X k¬ °¿aßƒ sNbvXn´v F¥msWmcp Imcyw? Rm¿ kz¿KmhImin bmIphm\mWv ssZhhn[nsb¶n¬ F{X ]m]ßƒ sNbvXmepw F¥mWv Ipg∏w? XpSßnb tNmZyßƒ Ckvemanse hn[nhn izmkØn\p ap∂n¬ A{]kIvXamWv. Hcmƒ kz¿KmhImin tbm \cImhImintbm F∂v \nivNbn°p∂Xv A√mlphmsW ∂v Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂ps≠∂Xv icnbmWv. F∂m¬ kz¿K Øn\pw \cIØn\pw a\pjys\ AhIminbm°phm≥ X°Xm b I¿aßƒ sXcs™Sp°m\p≈ AhImiw Ah\pXs∂bm Wv. {]kvXpX I¿aßfpsS ^eambns°m≠mWv Ah∂v kz¿K tam \cItam \¬Is∏Sp∂Xv. F∂m¬, a\pjy≥ B`napJyw ImWn°p∂ Znibnte°v Ah∂v hgn Ffp∏am°ns°mSp°p sa∂v ]S®Xºpcm≥ ]dbp∂p≠v. Cu hgn Ffp∏am°ns°mSp °¬ t]mepw a\pjy≥ {]ISn∏n°p∂ B`napJyØn\pw Ah≥ kzbw sXcs™Sp°p∂ I¿akcWn°pw A\pkrXambn´m sW∂mWv Jp¿B≥ hyIvXam°p∂Xv. "F∂m¬ GsXmcmƒ Zm\w \¬IpIbpw kq£vaX ]men°pIbpw G‰hpw DØa ambXns\ kXys∏SpØpIpw sNbvXpthm Ah∂v \mw G‰hpw Ffp∏ambXnte°v kuIcys∏SpØns°mSp°p∂XmWv . F∂m¬ B¿ ]nip°v ImWn°pIbpw kzbw]cym]vXX \Sn°p Ibpw G‰hpw DØaambXns\ \ntj[n®pX≈pIbpw sNøp∂p thm Ah∂v \mw G‰hpw sRcp°ap≈Xnte°v kuIcysam cp°ns°mSp°p∂XmWv.-'2 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 6, 7 2. Jp¿-B≥- 92: 5˛10

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A√mlp Bscbpw \n¿_‘n®p k∑m¿KØntem Zp¿am¿K Øntem B°pIbns√∂pw HmtcmcpØcpw B`napJyw ImWn °p∂ am¿KØnte°v Ahsc \bn°pIbmWv sNøp∂sX∂pw Cu kqIvXw hyIvXam°p∂p. kzX{¥amb hnthN\iIvXn \¬ Is∏´ a\pjycpsS {]h¿Ø\ßƒ°\pkcn®mWv Ah¿ \cImhImintbm kz¿KmhImintbm F∂ ssZhhn[n \n¿W bn°s∏Sp∂sX∂¿Y-w. \∑bpw Xn∑bpw {]h¿Øn°phm≥ a\pjy¿°v kzmX{¥yw \¬Is∏´Xn\memWv, k∑m¿KØn\pw Zp¿am¿KØn\pw \nanØ ambnØocp∂ {]h¿Ø\ßƒ sNøm≥ Ah¿°v km[n°p∂Xv. a‰p PohnIsft∏mse \∑Xn∑Isf hnthNn®dnbphm\p≈ Ignhv a\pjy¿°v \¬Is∏ńń√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ k∑m¿KØn s≥dbpw Zp¿am¿KØns≥dbpw {]iv\w Xs∂ D¬`hn°pIbn√m bncp∂p. A√mlp Dt±in®ncp∂psh¶n¬ a\pjyscbpw a‰p PohnIsft∏mse P∑hmk\Iƒ°\pkcn®p am{Xw Pohn°p ∂hcm°n am‰mambncp∂p; Ahscsb√mhcpw hnizmknIfm °mambncp∂p. F∂m¬ a‰p krjvSnIfn¬ \n∂v- XnI®pw hyXncn IvXamb Hcp AkvXnXzamWv a\pjy\v \¬Is∏ńcn°p∂Xv. \∑bpw Xn∑bpw kz{]bXv\w sIm≠v hyhNvtOZn®p a\ nem °m≥ km[n°p∂ GIPohnbmWh≥. {]kvXpX khntijX FSpØpIf™psIm≠v P∑\m Xs∂ a\pjysc hnizmknIfm bn krjvSn°phm≥ A√mlphn\v km[n°pambncp∂p. At∏mƒ a\pjy¿ XΩn¬ hnizmkØns≥d t]cn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ kv]¿≤ D≠mhpIbpan√mbncp∂p. F∂m¬ A√mlp kzX{¥ amb ssIImcyI¿X-rXzw \¬In a\pjysc ]co£n°phm\m Wv \nivNbn®ncn°p∂Xv. Cu ]co£WamWv a\pjys\ D¬Ir jvS\m°p∂Xv. "\ns≥d c£nXmhv Dt±in®ncp∂psh¶n¬ `qanbnep≈hsc √mw H∂n®p hnizkn°pambncp∂p. F∂ncns°, P\ßƒ kXyhnizmknIfmhp∂Xn\v \o Ahsc \n¿_\v[n°pItbm?'1 hyIvXnIfpsS am{Xa√ kaqlØns≥dbpw ]cnh¿Ø\w 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 168, 169

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ssZhhn[n {]ImcamWv \S°p∂Xv. ]t£, hyIvXnIfpsS Imcy Ønse∂t]mse kmaqlyam‰Øn\pw \nanØamIp∂Xv kaql Øns≥d sNbvXnIfmWv. Hcp kaqlsØbpw \n¿_\v[n®p ]cn h¿Øn∏n°pI A√mlphns≥d ]Xnh√. kaqlw kzbw Xs∂ am‰Øn\p XbmdmhptºmgmWv "]cnh¿Ø\w' A√mlphns≥d Zm\ambn hs∂Øp∂Xv. "GsXmcp P\Xbpw XßfpsS kz¥w \ne]mSpIfn¬ am‰w hcpØp∂Xphsc A√mlp AhcpsS kvYn Xn°v hyXymkw hcpØpIbn√.-'1 Ckvemanse hn[nhnizmkw \qdpiXam\w cN\mXvaIamWv. AXv ssZhØns≥d ]cam[nImcsØ°pdn®v t_m[ap≠m°p∂ XneqsS a\pjysc hn\bm\znXcm°n am‰p∂p. kz¥w t\´ßƒ A√mlphns≥d Zm\amsW∂ hnizmkw hf¿Øns°m≠v Ah sc DZmchm∑mcm°p∂p. hnPbßfn¬ AanXmÀmZw {]ISn∏n °pIbpw Al¶cn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xn¬ \n∂v AXv a\pjysc apIvXcm°p∂p. B]XvthfIfn¬ a\x{]bmkØneIs∏Sp∂ Xn¬ \n∂pw ZpxJ ]chicmhp∂Xn¬\n∂pw AXv Ahsc XSbp ∂p. taml`wKßfn¬ \n∂pfhmIp∂ \ncmimt_m[Øns≥d sISpXnIfn¬ \n∂v AXv Ahsc c£n°p∂p. k¿thm]cn, AXv Hcp apkvenans\ [oc\pw iqc\pw A√mlphns≥d apºne√msX a‰mcpsS apºnepw ap´paS°mØh\m°nØo¿°p∂p. AØcw kXyhnizmknIfpsS a\ n¬ \n∂pbcp∂ {]m¿∞\ Jp¿B≥ {]kvXmhn°p∂p≠v. AXv am{Xw aXn Ah¿ F{XtØmfw hn\ bioecmbncn°psa∂v a\ nem°phm≥. "B[n]XyØns≥d DSakvY\mb A√mlpth, \o Dt±in°p∂h¿°v \o B[n]Xyw \¬Ip∂p. \o Dt±in°p∂h¿°v \o {]Xm]w \¬Ip∂p. \o Dt±in°p∂h¿°v \o \nµyX hcpØpIbpw sNøp∂p. \ns≥d ssIhias{X \∑bp≈Xv. \nivNbambpw \o F√m ImcyØn \pw Ignhp≈h\mIp∂p.-'2

1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 26 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 26

]-{¥-≠vkXykm£yw ssZhØns≥d GIXzhpw aplΩZv(k)s≥d {]hmNIXzhpw AwKoIcn®v acWm\¥c PohnXØnse tam£w Imw£n®v Hcmƒ Pohn°phm\mcw`n®m¬ Abmƒ apkvenambnØocp∂p. Ckvemante°p≈ {]thi\ {]XnPvR sNm√p∂tXmsS Ah≥ kXyhnizmknIfpsS kaqlØnse AwKambnamdp∂p. "Aivl Zp A≥ emCeml C√√mlp h AivlZp A∂ aplΩZ≥ dkq ep√mlv'˛A√mlph√msX Bcm[y\ns√∂v Rm≥ km£yw hln°p∂p. aplΩZv A√mlphns≥d ZqX\msW∂pw Rm≥ km£ywhln°p∂p˛CXmWv Ckvemans≥d km£y hmIyw. CXp sNm√ns°m≠mWv Hcmƒ apkvenamIp∂Xvv.

emCeml C√√mlp Hcmƒ Ckvemante° {]thin°ptºmƒ BZyambn sNm√p ∂ {]XnPvR "emCeml C√√mlp' F∂v Rm≥ km£yw hln °p∂psh∂mWv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Ckvemans≥d ASnkvYm\ hmIyamWnXv. CXp {]t_m[\w sNøphm\mWv {]hmNI∑m¿ IS∂ph∂Xv. CXp ]Tn∏n°phm\mWv thZ{KŸßƒ AhXcn ∏n°s∏´Xv. F¥mWo hN\w A¿Y-am°p∂Xv? "A√mlph√m sX Bcm[y\n√' F∂XmWv Cu {]XnPvRmhmIyØns≥d kc famb kmcw. Ckvemans≥d ASnkvYm\hmIyamb BZysØ IenabpsS H∂masØ ]IpXn \ntj[Ønt≥dXmWv. "emCeml˛Hcp- B

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cm[y\pan√'. ChnsS, a\pjy¿ Bcm[n®psIm≠ncn°p∂ ktN X\hpw AtNX\hpamb kIe hkvXp°fpsSbpw Bcm[yX \ntj[n°pIbmWv BZyw sNøp∂Xv. shdpw I√v apX¬ hn{K lßƒ hscbpw kvXq]ßƒ apX¬ ihIpSocßƒ hscbpw Xpfkns®Sn apX¬ B¬acw hscbpw \mKw apX¬ ]ip hsc bpw Ipcnip apX¬ ]mZpIw hscbpw amemJam¿ apX¬ ]nimNp °ƒ hscbpw ]pWyhmf∑m¿ apX¬ {]hmNI∑m¿ hscbpw a\pjy¿ Bcm[n®psIm≠ncn°p∂ H∂pw Xs∂ AXv F{X sNdpXmbmepw hepXmbmepw Bcm[\If¿ln°p∂ns√∂ XØ-zamWv Cu hN\w hyIvXam°p∂Xv. a\ n¬ {]XnjvTn° s∏´ncn°p∂ kIehn[ Bcm[y∑mscbpw \njvImk\w sNbv Xv ip≤am°nbXn\p- tijamWv IenabpsS c≠masØ ]IpXn bmb "C√√mlp'sh∂ XXzw lrZbØnte°v k∂nthin∏n°p ∂Xv. kakvX {]]©sØbpw krjvSn®v ]cn]men°p∂ k¿h iIvX≥ am{XamWv kIehn[ Bcm[\m hgn]mSpIfpa¿ln°p ∂sX∂v Ckvemans≥d BZysØ Iena hyIvXam°p∂p. a\pjys\°mƒ D∂Xamb as‰mcp krjvSnbpw `q-an-bn-en-√. Aht\°mƒ -D∂Xamb Hcph≥- am{Xtabp≈q. AXmWv {kjv Smhv. a\pjyIgnhn¬ s]SmØ H´\h[n Imcyßƒ X\n°p Np‰pw Xs≥d kz¥w icocØnepw a\pjy\p ImWm≥ Ignbp ∂p. kzPoh≥ \ne\n¿Øp∂ lrZbanSnt∏m cIvXNw{IaWtam a‰p PohnIfn¬ \n∂v hyXncnIvXam°p∂ _u≤nI {]h¿Ø\ ßtfm H∂pwXs∂ Xs≥d Ignhntem \nb{¥W]cn[nbntem As√∂v Ah≥ Adnbp∂p. `qanbn¬ Poh≥ \ne\n¿Øm≥ ]cym]vXamb coXnbnep≈ kqcys≥d \ne\n¬t]m `qanbpsS ]cn{IaWtam A¥co£Øns≥d kwhn[m\tam H∂pwXs∂ Xs≥-d \nb{¥WØns≥d hcpXnbnes√∂v Ah≥ a\ nem °p∂p. Cu Adnhv Xs∂°mƒ iIvXnbp≈ H∂nt\mSv klmb a`y¿∞n°phm≥ Ahs\ t{]cn∏n°p∂p. Cu klmbm`y¿Y\ bmWv {]m¿Y-\. `njKzct\mSv tcmKn klmba`y¿Y-n°p∂tXm ]W°mct\mSv ]Wn°mc≥ kmºØnI klmbw tNmZn°p ∂tXm {]m¿Y-\bpsS ]cn[nbn¬ hcp∂n√. Ah euInIamb ImcyImcW_\v [ ßfpsS ASnkv Y m\Ønep≈ A¿Y-

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\bmIp∂p. ImcyImcW_\v[ßfpsS ASnkvYm\Øn ep≈ A¿Y-\bmIp∂p. ImcyImcW_‘ßƒ°XoXamb coXn bnep≈ klmbm`y¿∞\bmWv {]m¿∞\. Cu {]m¿Y- \ Xs∂bmWv Bcm[\. {]m¿Y-\bmIp∂p Bcm[\bpsS aPvP. {]m¿Y-\bn√mØ Bcm[\Iƒ shdpw BNmcßƒ am{Xambn Ahtijn°p∂p. At∏mƒ Bcm[\ BtcmSmWv sNtø≠Xv? "a\pjys\ krjvSn®p ]cn]men°p∂ht\mSv'. Ah∂v am{Xta ImcyImcW_\v[ßƒ°XoXambn a\pjysc klmbn°m\m hq. {]m¿Y-n°p∂hs≥d lrZbØn\IØv F¥msW∂dn™v AXn\v DØcw \¬Im≥, a\ n\p≈nep≈Xv kq£vaambdn bmhp∂ k¿hiIvX\v am{Xsa km[n°p-Ibp≈q. AXpsIm≠p Xs∂ lrZbØn\p≈nep≈Xv kq£vaambn Adnbmhp∂ A√m lphn\v am{Xsa Bcm[\m hgn]mSpIƒ- A¿∏n°phm≥ ]mSp ≈q. CXp a\pjy_p≤nbpsS hn[nbmWv. Ckvemans≥d H∂ma sØ Iena hyIvXam°p∂Xpw CXpXs∂. a\pjysc `n∂n∏n®p\n¿ØpIbpw XΩneSn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂ _lpssZh k¶¬]Øns≥d ISbv°mWv Ckveman s≥d H∂masØ Iena IØnsh®Xv. GI\pw k¿thm∂X\p amb {kjvSmhns\ am{Xw Bcm[n°p∂ AhkvY kwPmXamIp tºmƒ Ah\nse A[at_m[hpw Al¶mchpw Ahkm\n °p∂p. ]mivNmXy am\hnImhmZhpw (humanism) am¿Ivknk hpw a\pjycmIp∂p {]]©Ønse G‰hpw D∂Xsc∂pw Ah sc \nb{¥n°p∂tXm Ah¿°v apIfnep≈tXm Bb bmsXmcp iIvXnbpans√∂pw hmZn®t∏mƒ AXns≥d ^eambn hf¿∂p h∂Xv HcpXcw Al¶mcambncp∂p. B P\XbpsS XI¿®bv°p≈ ImcWhpw Cu Al¶mcw Xs∂. AtXkabw kvYm] \aXßfpsS Bcm[y∑m¿ I√pIfpw ihIpSocßfpw kkyß fpw P¥p°fpw ]pWyhmf∑mcpamWv. Xßsf°mƒ Ignhpw iIv Xnbpw Ipd™ ]et∏mgpw tIƒhntbm ImgvNtbm C√mØh tcmSv Bcm[\If¿∏n°p∂hcpsS a\ n¬ HcpXcw A[at_m [ap≠mhpI kzm`mhIamWv. Hcp "ssZh'Øn¬ A`bw ImWm Xmhptºmƒ as‰mcp "ssZh'Øntet°mSp∂ AhkvYbp≠m°p ∂Xv Cu A[at_m[amWvv. Hcp Bcm[ys\bpw AwKoIcn°m

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Xncn°p∂ Al¶mcØn\pw krjvSnIsf Bcm[n°p∂ A[a XzØn\pw as[y, {kjvSmhns\ am{Xw Bcm[n°pIsb∂ Ckv emans≥d XØ-zw \ne\n¬°p∂p. AXv a\pjys\ BXvam`nam \ap≈h\pw AtXkabw hn\bm\znX\pam°nØo¿°p∂p. GIssZha√msX Bcm[n°s∏ScpsX∂ Ckvemans≥d ASnkvYm\XØ-zØn\p ap≥]n¬ XI¿∂phoWXv hn{Klßfpw ihIpSocßfpw hymPssZhßfpw am{Xambncp∂n√. ssZhßfp sSbpw a\pjycpsSbpw CSbnep≈ Z√mf∑mcmbn Na™ ]u tcmlnXyw IqSnbmbncp∂p. GI\mb {kjvSmhn\pw a\pjy¿°p anSbn¬ a[yh¿ØnIsfm∂pw Bhiyans√∂mWv Ckveman s≥d A[ym]\w. ssZhßfpsS t]cn¬, a\pjysc XΩneSn∏n®n cp∂ ]utcmlnXyØns≥d NqjWßfn¬ \n∂v a\pjycmin sb c£n°pIbmWv {]hmNI≥ sNbvXXv. bmsXmcp coXnbnep ap≈ ]utcmlnXyw Ckvemw A\phZn°p∂n√. _lpssZhmcm[\bpsS A[aXzØn¬ \n∂pw ssZh\ntj[ Øns≥d Al¶mcØn¬ \n∂pw a\pjysc apIvXcm°n GIssZ hmcm[\bpsS Hu∂XyØnte°v Ahsc \bn°phm≥ th≠n bmWv apgph≥ {]hmNI∑mcpw ]cn{ian®Xv. {]hmNI {]t_m[ \ßfn¬ G‰hpw {]apJambXv "emCeml C√√mlp' F∂ XXzambncp∂p. ]S®Xºpcm≥ ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI: "Rm\ √msX bmsXmcp Bcm[y\pan√, AXn\m¬ Fs∂ \nßƒ Bcm[n°pI F∂v t_m[\w \¬Ins°m≠√msX \n\°papºv Hcp ZqXs\bpw \mw Ab®n´n√.-'1 "AhcpsS ap∂neqsSbpw ]n∂neqsSbpw sN∂v A√mlpshb √msX \nßƒ Bcm[n°cpXv F∂v ]d™psIm≠v AhcpsS ASpØv ssZhZqX∑m¿ sN∂t∏mƒ.-'2 apºv Ign™pt]mb {]hmNI∑msc√mhcpw Hcpt]mse {]t_m[\w sNbvX XXzamWv "emCeml C√√m' F∂ hkvXp X Cu hN\ßfn¬ \n∂v- hyIvXamhp∂p. Hcp {]hmNI\pw krjvSn]qP ]Tn∏n®n´n√. hn{Klßsfbpw ihIpSocßsfbpw 1. Jp¿-B≥- 21: 25 2. Jp¿-B≥- 41: 14

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hymPssZhßsfbpw hnfn®p {]m¿Y- n ®ncp∂htcmSv AXv icnbs√∂v DZvt_m[n∏nIpIbmWv {]hmNI∑m¿ sNbvXXv. ss__nfnse {]hmNI∑mcpsS Ncn{XØnepw C°mcyw \ap°v ImWm≥ Ignbpw. _lpssZhmcm[\sb iIvXamb `mjbn¬ Xs∂ {]hmNI∑m¿ hna¿in®ncp∂XmbmWv ss__nƒ IY\ ßfn¬ \n∂pw a\ nemhp∂Xv. tamsi {]hmNI\v \¬Is∏´ I¬]\Ifn¬ {][m\s∏´Xv "GI\mb {kjvSmh√msX a‰mcpw Bcm[n°s∏ScpXv' F∂ I¬]\bmbncp∂psh∂v ss__nfnse ]pd∏mSv 3 ]pkvXI Ønepw Bh¿Ø\4 ]pkvXIØnepap≈ ]cma¿ißƒ hyIvX am°p∂p. ]Øp I¬]\Ifn¬ H∂pw c≠pw I¬]\Iƒ Chbm Wv. "\ns≥d ssZhamb I¿Ømhv Rm\mIp∂p. CuPn]vXptZ iØp\n∂v, ASna`h\Øn¬ \n∂v \ns∂ tamNn∏n®psIm≠p h∂h≥. Rm\√msX a‰p tZh∑m¿ \n\°v D≠mIcpXv. Hcp hn{Klhpw \n\°mbn D≠m°cpXv, apIfn¬ kz¿KØnep≈ tXm Xmsg `qanbnep≈tXm `qan°Snbn¬ sh≈Ønep≈tXm Bb bmsXm∂ns≥dbpw _nw_w D≠m°cpXv. \o Ahbv°p ap∂n¬ XeIp\n°pItbm Ahsb tkhn°pItbm AcpXv.' Cu I¬]\Iƒ GIssZhmcm[\bv°v- {]tNmZ\w \¬IpI am{Xa√, A∂p \nehnep≠mbncp∂ _lpssZhmcm[\mcq] amb hn{Klmcm[\sb iIv X nbpIv X w hna¿in°pIbpw sNøp∂p. tamibv°p tijw h∂ C{kmbo¬ {]hmNI∑msc√mw Xs∂ At±lØns≥d ImeSnIsf ]n¥pS¿∂hcpw At±lØn\v Ah Xcn∏n°s∏´ thZ{KŸ{]Imcw PohnXw \bn°m≥ XßfpsS P\XtbmSv Blzm\w sNbvXhcpambncp∂p. C{kmboeycnte °p h∂ Ahkm\sØ {]hmNI\mb tbiphpw {][m\ambpw ]Tn∏n®Xv "emCeml C√√mlp' F∂ XØ-zw Xs∂bmbncp∂p. "I¬]\Ifn¬ ]ca{][m\ambXv GXmWvv?' F∂ Hcp thZ PvRs≥d tNmZyØn\v tbip \¬Inb adp]Snbn¬ \n∂v C°m cyw hfsc hyIvXambn a\ nem°mw. At±lw ]d™p. "A√ 1. ]p-d∏m-Sv- 20: 1-˛7 2. Bh¿-Ø\w- 5: 6˛22

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tbm C{kmbote tIƒ°q: \ΩpsS ssZhamb I¿ØmhmIp∂p GI I¿Ømhv. \ns≥d ssZhamb I¿Ømhns\ ]q¿W lrZb tØmSpw ]q¿W BflmthmSpw ]q¿W a\t mSpw ]q¿W iIvXn tbmSpw IqsS kvt\ln°pI.'1 temIØnse kIe cmPyßfpw {]Xm]hpw ImWn®psImSpØpsIm≠v "Fs∂ Bcm[n®m¬ CsX√mw Rm≥ \nc°v Xcmw' F∂p ]d™ kmØmt\mSv {InkvXp ]d™ adp]Snbnepw GIssZhmcm[\bpsS Imcy Øn¬ bmsXmcphn[ hn´phogv N bpw ]mSns√∂ hkv X pX sXfn™p ImWp∂p≠v. At±lw ]nimNn\v \¬Inb adp]Sn Cßs\bmWv: "kmØms\ Zqsct∏mhpI, Fs¥∂m¬, \ns≥d ssZhamb I¿Ømhns\ Bcm[n°Ww, AhnSpsØ am{Xsa ]qPn°mhq F∂v FgpXs∏´ncn°p∂p'2. C¥ybn¬ h∂ {]hmNI∑mcpw GIssZhhnizmkw Xs∂ bmWv {][m\s∏´ XØ-zsa∂ \ne°v {]t_m[\wsNbvXncp∂Xv. `mcXØnte°p h∂ {]hmNI∑msc°pdn®v hyIvXhpw kv]jvS hpamb Ncn{Xtam AhcpsS {]t_m[\sØ°pdn®v {]amZapIvX amb sXfnhpItfm e`°mØXn\m¬ Ah¿ F¥p ]d™p sh∂v JfinXambn ]dbm≥ C∂p \ap°v km[ya√. F¶nepw thZßfnepw D]\njØpIfnepw ImWs∏Sp∂ {]kvXmh\I fn¬ Nneh BZyIme {]hmNI∑mcpsS {]t_m[\w GIssZh hnizmkambncp∂psh∂v hyIvXam°p∂p≠v. _lptZh k¶ ¬]w AwKoIcn°p∂ thZßfn¬ Xs∂ tZh∑mcpsS tZh\pw APø\pw k¿hiIvX\pamb ssZhsØ°pdn® ]cma¿iß fp≠v. Cu ]cma¿ißfn¬ \n∂v _lpssZhmcm[\bpsS Bhn ¿`mhØn\v apºv `mcXØn¬ GIssZhhnizmkw \ne\n∂ncp ∂psh∂v a\ nem°phm\mhpw. Cu GIssZhhnizmkw C¥y bn¬ h∂ {]hmNI∑m¿ {]t_m[\w sNbvXXmbncn°Ww. am{Xhpa√, _lpssZhmcm[\sb Jfin°p∂ Nne kqIvX ßfpw D]\njØpIfn¬ ImWm≥ Ignbpw. Ztim]\njØpI fn¬ {][m\s∏´ Cuimhmtkym]\njØnse Hcp t«mIw t\m °pI: "\izcßfmb tZh]nXram\hmZnIsf D]mkn°p∂h¿ 1. am¿-t°m-kv- 12: 29,- 30 2. aØm-bn- 4: 10

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APvRm\amIp∂ tLmcm-‘ImcØn¬ ]Xn°p∂p. Ahn\m inbmb ]camXvamhns\°pdn®v anYym`nam\tØmSpIqSnbncn°p ∂hcpw tLmcm‘ImcØn¬ Xs∂ ]Xn°p∂p.' (A‘wXax {]hni¥n-tb kw-`q-Xn- ap-]m-ktX,- Xtbm-`q-b ChtXXtam- Dkw`q-Xym- cXm-x).-1 Cu hN\ßƒ hyIvXambnØs∂ tZh∑m¿, a\pjy¿, ]nXr°ƒ XpSßn \miap≈ bmsXm∂ns\bpw Bcm [n°cpsX∂pw A\izc\mb ]camXvamhv am{XamWv Bcm[n° s∏tS≠sX∂pw kqNn∏n°p∂p. D]\njZvImeØn\p apºpX s∂ ip≤amb GIssZhmcm[\bne[njvTnXamb Hcp kaqlw C¥ybn¬ \ne\n∂ncp∂psh∂pw "emCeml C√√mlp' F∂ ASnkvYm\ XØ-zw {]t_m[\w sNbvX {]hmNI∑mcn¬ Bcp tStbm A\pbmbnIfmbncp∂p Ahsc∂pw Cu hN\ßfn¬ \n∂v- hyIvXamhp∂p. {]hmNI∑msc√mw {]t_m[\w sNbvX GIssZhmcm[\ bn¬ \n∂v _lpssZhmcm[\bnte°v a\pjy¿ sas√ sas√ hgnsX‰n. k¿hiIvX\mb {kjvSmhnte°v a\pjy¿°v t\cn´v ASp°pI km[yas√∂pw AXn\v GsX¶nepw CSbmf∑mcpsS a[yh¿ØnXzamhiyamsW∂pap≈ t_m[ap≠m°ns°m≠m Wv ]nimNv a\pjysc ]ng∏n®pIf™Xv. hn{Kl]qPbpw ih IpSocmcm[\bpw ]pWyhmtfm]mk\bpw \SØnbncp∂ P\ ßƒ Ch ssZhØnte°v ASp∏n°phm≥ th≠nbp≈ {]h¿Ø \ßfmsW∂mbncp∂p \ymbw ]d™ncp∂Xv. C°mcyØn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ shfn®whoip∂Xv Cßs\bmWv. "AdnbpI: A√mlphn\v am{Xw AhImis∏´XmIp∂p \njvIf¶amb Iogv hW°w. Ah∂p ]pdsa c£m[nImcnIsf kzoIcn®h¿ (]dbp ∂p) A√mlphn¶te°v Rßƒ°v IqSpX¬ ASp∏ap≠m°n Øcm≥ th≠n am{XamIp∂p Rßƒ Ahsc Bcm[n°p∂Xv.2' "A√mlphn∂p ]pdsa, Ah¿°v D]{Zhtam D]Imctam sNømØXns\ Ah¿ Bcm[n®psIm≠ncn°p∂p. Ch¿ (Bcm [y¿) A√mlphns≥d ASp°¬ Rßƒ°p≈ ip]m¿i°m cmWv F∂p Ah¿ ]dbpIbpw sNøp∂p.'3 1. Cu-im-hm-tkym-]\n-jØv-: 12˛mw- t«m-Iw2. Jp¿-B≥- 39: 3 3. Jp¿-B≥- 10: 18

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Cu \ymbßsf√mw _menißfmsW∂v {]Jym]n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ A√mlphnte°v ASp°phm≥ bmsXmcp CSbmft≥d tbm ip]m¿i°mcs≥dtbm Bhiyans√∂ hkvXpX Akµn Kv[ambn hyIvXam°p∂p≠v. "\nt∂mSv Fs≥d Zmk∑m¿ Fs∂ ∏‰n tNmZn®m¬ Rm≥ (Ah¿°v G‰hpw) ASpØp≈h\mIp∂p sh∂v (]dbpI) {]m¿Y-n°p∂h¿ Fs∂ hnfn®v {]m¿Y-n®m¬ Rm≥ B {]m¿Y-\°v DØcw \¬Ip∂XmWv'1 "]dbpI: A√mlphn\mIp∂p ip]m¿i apgph≥.-'2 "Ah∂p ]pdsa Ch¿ Bsc hnfn®p {]m¿∞n°p∂pthm Ah ¿ ip]m¿i A[o\s∏SpØp∂n√: Adn™psIm≠pXs∂ kXy Øn\v km£yw hln®hscmgnsI.--'3 {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pambh≥ am{XamWv kIehn[ Bcm [\Ifpa¿ln°p∂sX∂v {]Jym]n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ krjvSn]q PbpsS \nc¿Y-IXbnte°v a\pjycpsS {i≤ £Wn°p∂ GXm\pw Jp¿-B≥- kqIvXßƒ ImWpI: "Ah¿ ]¶ptN¿°p∂Xv bmsXm∂pw krjvSn°mØhscbm Ip∂p? Ah¿ (B Bcm[y¿) Xs∂ krjvSn®p≠m°s∏Sp∂h cpamWv. Ah¿s°mcp klmbhpw sNøm≥ Ah¿°v (AhcpsS Bcm[y¿°v) Ignbn√. kztZlßƒ°p Xs∂ Ah¿ klmbw sNøp∂Xpa√'4 "Ah∂v ]pdsa Ah¿ Bscsbms° hnfn®p {]m¿Y-n°p∂pthm- Ah¿s°m∂pw \nßsf klmbn°phm≥ km[n°pIbn√. kztZlßƒ°p Xs∂bpw Ah¿ klmbw sNøpIbn√'5 "A√mlphn∂v ]pdsa Ah¿ Bscsbms° hnfn®v {]m¿Yn ®psIm≠ncn°p∂pthm Ah¿ bmsXm∂pw krjvSn°p∂n√. AhcmIs´ krjvSn°s∏Sp∂hcpamWvv.-'6 "(\_ntb) ]dbpI: A√mlphn\v ]pdsa \nßƒ (Bcm[y sc∂v) hmZn®pt]m∂hsc \nßƒ hnfn®pt\m°q. \nßfn¬ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 180 2. Jp¿-B≥- 39: 44 3. Jp¿-B≥- 43: 86 4. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 191, 192 5. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 197 6. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 20

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\n∂v D]{Zhw \o°phmt\m (\nßfpsS kvYnXn°v) am‰w hcpØphmt\m D≈ Ignhv AhcpsS A[o\Ønen√.-'1 "A√mlphn\v ]pdsa Ah∂v D]Imctam D]{Zhtam sNøm Ø hkvXp°sf Ah≥ hnfn®v {]m¿Y-n°p∂p. AXpXs∂ bmWv hnZqcamb hgntISv.-'2 "Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlphn\v ]pdsa \nßƒ hnfn®p {]m¿Y-n °p∂h¿ Hcp Cu®sbt∏mepw krjvSn°pIbn√. AXn∂mbn Ahsc√mhcpw HØptN¿∂m¬ t]mepw.- Cu® AhcpsS ]°¬ \n∂v h√Xpw X´nsbSpØm¬ AXns≥d ]°¬ \n∂v AXv tamNn∏ns®Sp°m\pw Ah¿°v Ignbn√. At]£n°p∂h\pw At]£n°s∏Sp∂h\pw Zp¿_e≥ Xs∂.-'3 "Ah\p ]pdsa BtcmSv \nßƒ {]m¿Y-n°p∂pthm Ah¿ Hcp CuØ∏g°pcphns≥d ]mSt]mepw DSas∏SpØp∂n√. \nßƒ AhtcmSv {]m¿Y-n°p∂ ]£w Ah¿ \nßfpsS {]m¿ Y-\ tIƒ°pIbn√. Ah¿ tI´mepw \nßƒ°h¿ DØcw \¬ Ip∂X√.-'4 "\o ]dbpI: A√mlphn\p ]pdsa \nßƒ hnfn®p {]m¿Yn °p∂ \nßfpsS ]¶mfnIsf∏‰n \nßƒ Nn¥n®p t\m°nbn´p t≠m? `qanbn¬ F¥mWh¿ krjvSn®n´p≈sX∂v \nßƒ F\n°p ImWn®pXcnI. AX√, BImiØn¬ Ah¿°v h√ ]¶papt≠m?'5 {]hmNI∑msc√mhcpw ip≤amb GIssZhmcm[\bnte°m Wv kzkaqlsØ £Wn®sX∂p ]d™pht√m. F∂m¬ Xe apdIƒ Ign™t∏mƒ {]kvXpX {]hmNI∑mscØs∂ P\ß ƒ Bcm[n°p∂ AhkvYmhntijap≠mbn. BZchn¬ \n∂m cw`n®v Bcm[\mat\m`mhw hf¿∂ph∂v GtXXv {]hmNI∑m cmtWm {kjvSmhnt\mS√msX Bcm[\Isf iIvXnbpIvXw FXn¿ØXv AtX {]hmNI∑mscØs∂ ip]m¿iIcmbn° cpXn Bcm[n°p∂ AhkvYbnseØnt®¿∂p. {]hmNI∑m¿ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 56 2. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 12 3. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 73 4. Jp¿-B≥- 35: 13, 14 5. Jp¿-B≥- 35: 40

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am{Xa√ a‰p ]pWyhmf∑mcpw CtX coXnbn¬ Bcm[n°s∏´p. AhcpsS hn{Klßfp≠m°n AXv ssZhØns≥d Bebß fn¬ {]XnjvTn°s∏´p. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ ]n∂oSv h∂ {]hm NI∑mcn¬ ]e¿°pw t\cntS≠nh∂Xv ]q¿h{]hmNI∑m scbpw ]pWymXva°sfbpw Bcm[n°p∂ P\ßsfbmbncp∂p. F¥n\[nIw,- A¥na{]hmNI\mb aplΩZv \_n (k)°v BZy ambn XIt°≠nh∂Xv hn{Klmcm[\s°Xnsc BbpjvImew apgph≥ t]mcmSnb C_vdmlow \_n (A)bpsS hn{KlsØbm bncp∂pht√m. ssZhØnte°p≈ CSbmf∑mcm°n Bcm[n° s∏´psIm≠ncp∂ alZvhyIvXnIƒ XßtfmSv {]m¿Y-n°phm≥ I¬]n®ncp∂ns√∂pw ]p\cp∞m\ \mfn¬ _lpssZhmcm [IcpsS {]h¿Ø\ßsf Ah¿ \ntj[n°psa∂pw Jp¿B≥ hyIvXam°p∂p. "Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬]ns≥d \mfnemIs´ \nßƒ Ahsc ]¶mfnIfm°nbXns\ Ah¿ \ntj[n°p∂XmWv'.-1 CXp Xs∂bmWv tbiphns≥d Ncn{XØnepw kw`hn®Xv. Xs∂ Bcm[n°phm≥ tbip Hcn°¬t]mepw in£y∑mtcmSv I¬]n®Xmbn kphntijßfnsehnsSbpw ImWpI km[ya√. adn®v, kµ-nKv[L´ßfn¬ At±lw ssZhtØmSv hnfn®p {]m¿ Y-n®XmbmWv ss__nfnep≈Xv.2 am{Xhpa√, I¿ØmhmWv G‰hpw henbhs\∂pw Ah≥ am{XamWv {]m¿Y-n°s∏tS ≠sX∂pw hfsc hyIvXambn {InkvXp ]Tn∏n®Xmbn kphnti jßfn¬ ImWmhp∂XmWv . "]nXmhv Ft∂°mƒ henb h\mWv.-'3 "\ns≥d ssZhamb I¿Ømhns\ Bcm[n°Ww. Ahs\ am{Xta ]qPn°mhq'.4 Xs∂ I¿Ømth F∂v hnfn°pIb√ th≠sX∂pw GI\mb {kjvSmhns≥d hn[n hne°pIƒ {]Im cw Pohn°pIbmWv th≠sX∂pw tbip hyIvXam°p∂Xv t\m°pI. "I¿Ømth F∂v Ft∂mSv hnfn®t]£n°p∂h\√, Fs≥d kz¿Kÿ\mb ]nXmhns≥d CjvSw \ndth‰p∂h\mWv kz¿KcmPyØn¬ {]thin°p∂Xv.-'5 1. Jp¿-B≥- 35: 14 2. eq-°m-: 16,- 22:4:1 3.- tbm-l∂m≥- 14: 28 4. aØm-bn- 4: 10 5.- aØm-bn- 7: 21

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ip≤amb GIssZhmcm[\bpsS hIvXmhmbn \nesIm≈pI bpw AXp {]t_m[\w\SØpIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v kzPohnXw ssZham¿KØn¬ ka¿∏n® alm\mb tbiphns\Øs∂ ssZh hpw ssZh]p{X\pambn Ahtcm[n®psIm≠v Bcm[n°p∂ Ah kvYbmWn∂v ss{IkvXhkaqlØnep≈Xv. bpIvXnbptStbm ss__nfnt≥dtbm ]n¥pWbn√mØ {XntbIssZhhnizmkw F∂ Hcp {]tlfnIbpw tbiphns\ ssZham°m≥ th≠n ss{I kvXhk` ]S®p≠m°nbncp∂p. tbipthm ap≥{]hmNI∑mtcm, F¥n\[nIw At∏mkvXe∑m¿t]mepw Hcn°epw {]tbmKn °mØ {XntbIssZhw F∂ BibamWv C∂v k`bpsS ASn Ød. Cu ]Ztam Bibtam ss__nfnse ]pkvXIßfnsehn sSbpw ImWp∂ns√∂XmWv hmkvXhw.1 {XnXzhmZap∂bn®p sIm≠v tbiphns\ ssZhnIhyIvXnXzßfn¬ Hcmfpw Bcm[y \pambn ImWp∂ ss{IkvXh\ne]mSns\ hnip≤Jp¿B≥ hna¿in°p∂Xv ImWpI: "thZ°msc, \nßƒ aXImcyØn¬ AXncp IhnbcpXv. adnbans≥d aI\mb akolv Cukm A√m lphns≥d ZqX\pw adnbante°v Ah≥ C´psImSpØ Ahs≥d hN\hpw Ah¶¬ \∂p≈ Hcp BXvamhpamIp∂p. AXpsIm ≠v \nßƒ A√mlphnepw Ahs≥d ZqX∑mcnepw hnizkn°pI. "XnXzw' F∂ hm°v \nßƒ ]dbcpXv. \nßfpsS \∑°mbn \nßƒ (AXn¬ \n∂v) hncan°pI. A√mlp GI Bcm[y≥ am{XamIp∂p. X\n°v Hcp k¥m\ap≠mbncn°pI F∂Xn¬ \n∂v Ahs\{Xtbm ]cnip≤\s{X. BImißfnep≈Xpw `qan bnep≈Xpsa√mw A√mlphnt≥dXmIp∂p. ssIImcyI¿Øm hmbn A√mlp Xs∂ aXn'2 C{kmboeycnte°v h∂ {]hmNI∑msc√mw ]Tn∏n® kn≤m ¥sa∂ \ne°v GIssZhmcm[\sb XmXznIambn AwKoIcn °p∂hcmWv thZ°m¿. F∂m¬ {]kvXpX XXzØn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ _lpZqcw AI∂pt]mbncn°p∂p. thZØn¬ hnizkn°p ∂hsc Xßƒ AwKoIcn°p∂psh∂v kzbw AhImis∏Sp∂ XXzØnte°v £Wn°phm\mWv A¥na{]hmNIt\mSv ]S® 1. Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-hcØn-\v- teJIs≥-d "ss{Ikv-Xh ssZh k¶¬-]w'- hm-bn-°p-I 2.- Jp¿-B≥- 4: 171

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Xºpcm≥ I¬]n°p∂Xv. "(\_ntb) ]dbpI: thZ°mtc, Rß ƒ°pw \nßƒ°panSbn¬ kaambp≈ Hcp hmIyØnte°v \n ßƒ hcpho≥. AXmbXv, A√mlpshb√msX \mw Bcm[n°m Xncn°pIbpw Aht\mSv bmsXm∂ns\bpw ]¶ptN¿°mXncn°p Ibpw \Ωfn¬ Nne¿ Nnesc A√mlphn\v ]pdsa c£nXm°fm °mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂ (F∂ XXzØnte°v)'1. _lpssZhmcm[\bmWv kIehn[ Xn∑IfpsSbpw amXmsh ∂mWv CkvemanI ho£Ww. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ A√mlph√m ØhtcmSp≈ Bcm[\bmWv hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ G‰hpa[nIw hna¿in°s∏´ncn°p∂Xv. ssZthXc∑mtcmSv {]m¿∞n°p∂Xm Wv G‰hpw henb alm]m]sa∂mWv {]hmNI≥ ]Tn∏n®ncn°p ∂Xv. Hcn°epw s]mdp°s∏SmØ ]m]amWv ssZhØns≥d kØbntem KpWßfntem {]h¿Ø\ßfntem a‰p≈hsc ]¶ptN¿°pIsb∂Xv. {]kvXpX ]m]w sNbvXh¿ Ckveman¬ \n∂p ]pdØmWv. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xp ImWpI: "Xt∂mSv ]¶v tN¿°s∏SpI F∂Xv A√mlp s]mdp°pIbn√; Xo¿®. AsXmgn®p≈Xv Ah\pt±in°p∂h¿°v Ah≥ s]mdp Øp sImSp°p∂XmWv. B¿ A√mlphnt\mSv ]¶p tN¿°p∂p thm Ah≥ _lpZqcw ]ng®pt]mbncn°p∂p'2 \sΩ krjvSn®v ]cn]men®v sIm≠ncn°p∂ A√mlp \Ωn ¬\n∂v Bhiys∏Sp∂ GIImcyamWv Ah∂p am{Xap≈ Bcm[\. ]S®Xºpcm≥ ]dbp∂Xv t\m°p. "Pn∂pIsfbpw a\pjyscbpw Fs∂ Bcm[n°phm≥ th≠nb√msX Rm≥ krjvSn®n´n√. Rm≥ Ahcn¬ \n∂v D]Poh\sam∂pw B{Kln °p∂n√. Ah¿ F\n°v `£Ww \¬IWsa∂pw Rm≥ B{K ln°p∂n√. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp Xs∂bmWv D]Poh\w \¬ Ip∂h\pw iIvX\pw {]_e\pw'3 a\pjy¿°v BhiyambsX√mw ChnsS Hcp°n sh®ncn°p∂ A√mlphn\v ]pdsa Bcm[n°s∏Sp∂h¿ Bcmbncp∂mepw Ahsc ssIshSntb≠Xv apkvenans≥d _m[yXbmWv. Bcm 1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 64 2. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 116 3. Jp¿-B≥- 51: 55˛58

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[n°s∏Sp∂Xv ]pWyhmf\mbmepw ]nimNmbmepw kaamWv; c≠pt]cpw AXn\v A¿lc√. {]m¿∞\Iƒ A√mlpthmSv am{XamWv \StØ≠Xv. krjvSnIfn¬ t{ijvT\mb aplΩZv \_ntbmSv t]mepw {]m¿∞\Iƒ ]mSns√∂mWv Ckvemans≥d H∂masØ Iena hyIvXam°p∂Xv. C_vdmlow \_n (A) ]d™Xmbn Jp¿B≥ D≤cn°p∂ hN\ßƒ ChnsS {]kI vXamWv. "F∂m¬ Ah¿ (ssZhßƒ) Fs≥d i{Xp°fmIp∂p. temIc£nXmhv HgnsI. AXmbXv Fs∂ krjvSn®v F\n°v am¿KZ¿i\w \¬Ins°m≠ncn°p∂h≥; F\n°v Blmchpw IpSn\ocpw \¬Ip∂h≥; F\n°v tcmKw _m[n®m¬ Ah\mWv Fs∂ kpJs∏SpØp∂Xv; Fs∂ acn∏n°pIbpw ]ns∂ Pohn ∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂h≥; {]Xn^eØns≥d \mfn¬ GsXmcp Ø≥ Fs≥d sX‰pIƒ s]mdpØpXcpsa∂v Rm≥ Bin°p∂p thm Ah≥'.1 H∂masØ IenabneqsS \mw {]XnPvR sNøp∂Xv "A√m lph√msX Bcm[y\ns√∂v Rm≥ km£yw hln°p∂p'sh ∂mWv. AYhm Iena sNm√nb tijap≈ PohnXw GIssZhm cm[\bn¬ A[njvTnXambncn°psa∂pw {]kvXpX {]XnPvR bpsS km£yambncn°psa∂pw kmcw. Cu {]XnPvRsNbvXh≥ ]ns∂ k¿hiIvX\mb {kjvSmhnt\mSp am{Xsa {]m¿∞n°pI bp≈q; hn{Klßfpw ihIpSocßfpw hymPssZhßfpw arKß fpw ]£nIfpw CgP¥p°fpw ]pWyhmf∑mcpw {]hmNI∑mcp sam∂pw Bcm[ycs√∂v kzPohnXØneqsS km£yw hln°p ∂h\mbn Ah≥ amdp∂p. Ah≥ A√mlpthmSv am{Xambn klmbm`y¿∞\ \SØp∂h\pw Ahs≥d apºn¬ am{Xw inc p \an°p∂h\pambn amdp∂tXmsS ss[cyimenbpw hn\bm \znX\pambnØocp∂p; a‰p krjvSnIsf Bcm[n°p∂ A[aXz Øn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ tamNnX\mhp∂tXmsS krjvSnIfn¬ G‰ hpw DZmØ\mb a\pjys≥d DPvPzeamb `mhw ssIhcn°p∂p; Ah≥ Hcp apkvenambn amdp∂p. 1. Jp¿-B≥- 26: 77-˛82

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

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aplΩZp≥ dkqep√mlv {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pamb A√mlp am{XamWv Bcm[\I f¿ln°p∂sX∂ km£yhmNIØn\p tijw Ckvemante°p {]thin°p∂ hyIvXn c≠maXmbn DcphntS≠ {]XnPvR "aplΩZv A√mlphns≥d ZqX\msW∂v Rm≥ km£yw hln °p∂p'sh∂mWv. aplΩZv \_n (k) Ign™pt]mb {]hmNI ∑mcpsSsb√mw ]n≥Kmanbpw AhcpsS ZuXyØns≥d ]q¿Øo IcWØn\pth≠n Ab°s∏´ A¥na{]hmNI\pamsW∂v hnizkn°p∂XneqsS am{Xsa Hcmƒ°v apkvenamIphm≥ km[y amhq. aplΩZv \_nbpw Hcp {]hmNI\msWt∂m alm\msW t∂m D≈ tIheamb AwKoImcØnep]cnbmbn At±lw Hcp ssZhZqX\msW∂v Rm≥ Fs≥d PohnXw sIm≠v km£yw hln°p∂psh∂v {]Jym]n°pIbmWv c≠masØ Iena D®cn °p∂ hyIvXn sNøp∂Xv. "aplΩZv \_n (k) ssZhZqX\msW∂v Rm≥ km£yw hln°p∂p'sh∂v {]XnPvR sNbvX hyIvXn At±lØns≥d PohnXcoXn ]n¥pScm≥ \n¿_‘nX\mWvv. aplΩZv(k) ssZhn I t_m[\ßƒ°\pkrXambn kwkmcn°pIbpw amXrIm]c ambn Pohn°pIbpw sNbvXbmfmsW∂v AwKoIcn°pIbmWv At±lw ssZhZqX\msW∂v hnizkn°p∂bmƒ sNøp∂Xv. Aßs\bp≈ Hcp apkvenans\ kw_\v[n®nStØmfw \∑bpw Xn∑bpw XΩnep≈ th¿Xncnhv AXv {]hmNI≥ A\phZn®pthm C√tbm F∂p≈XmWv. ssZhZqX≥ ssZhnIt_m[\{]Imc amWv kwkmcn°pIbpw {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv F∂Xn \m¬ Xs∂ At±lØns≥d PohnXw ssZhnIam¿K\n¿tZßƒ °\pkrXambn amXrIm]cambncn°pw. At±lamWv \∑bpw Xn∑bpsa¥msW∂v \ap°v th¿Xncn®p Xtc≠Xv. ssZhZqX≥ \∑sb∂v ]Tn∏n®sX√mw \∑bpw Xn∑bmsW∂v ]d™pX∂ sX√mw Xn∑bpamsW∂v Hcp apkvenw hnizkn°p∂p. AXpsIm ≠pXs∂ apkvenans≥d PohnXw {]hmNIs≥d amXrIbpƒ s°m≠psIm≠mbncn°pw. A√mlphns≥d {KŸhpw {]hmNI s≥d PohnXhpw samgnIfpamWv CkvemanIPohnX hyhkvYbp sS ASnkvYm\w. hyIvXnbpw IpSpw_hpw kaqlhpw cmjv{Shp

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sa√mw CkvemanIambn amdptºmƒ Fßs\bmbncn°Wsa∂v A√mlphpw dkqeqw(k) ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. CXn∂mWv CkvemanI PohnXcoXn AYhm "icoAØv' F∂p ]dbp∂Xvv. aplΩZv (k) ssZhZqX\msW∂v AwKoIcn°p∂ HcmfpsS PohnXØn¬ \n∂v {]hmNI≥ \n¿_‘ambn I¬]n® Imcyßsfm∂pw Hgn™p t]mIp∂n√. At±lw \ntcm[n® Imcyßfn¬ \ns∂√mw Ah≥ Hgn™p \n¬°p∂p. Hcp apkv enw aZyw Hgnhm°p∂Xpw Hcp Km‘nb≥ Aßs\ sNøp∂Xpw XΩn¬ ASnkvYm\]cambnØs∂ A¥cap≠v. A√mlphpw dkqepw \ntcm[n®psh∂XmWv Hcp apkvenw aZyw Ign°mXncn °p∂Xn\v ImcWw. icocØn\pw a\ n\pw lm\nIcamsW∂ Xn\memWv Hcp Km‘nb≥ AXn¬ \n∂v hn´p\n¬°p∂Xv. [¿a sØbpw A[¿asØbpw Ipdn®v hyIvXamb Hcp AXn¿hcºp ≠mhp∂Xv Ckveman¬ am{XamWv. A√mlphpw dkqepw (k) A\phZn® Imcyßsf√mw \∑bpw \ntcm[n® Imcyßsf√mw Xn∑bpamsW∂ XXzamWv CkvemanI icoAØns≥d ASnkv Ym\w. A√mlphpw dkqepw (k) A\phZn® ImcyßfnemWv BXy¥nIamb \∑ kvYnXnsNøp∂sX∂pw \ntcm[n® Imcy ßfnemWv Xn∑bpsS thcpIsf∂pw C∂v Hcp hn[sa√mhcpw AwKoIcn®p Ign™n´p≠vv. {]hmNI \ntbmKsØ°pdn®v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂ hN\ßƒ ChnsS kvacWobamWv: "AhtcmSv At±lw kZmNmcw I¬]n°pIbpw ZpcmNmcØn¬ \n∂v Ahsc hne°pIbpw sNøp∂p. \√ hkvXp°ƒ Ah¿°v At±lw A\phZ\obam°pIbpw NoØ hkvXp°ƒ Ahcp sSta¬ \njn≤am°pIbpw sNøp∂p. AhcpsS `mcßfpw Ah cpsS taep≠mbncp∂ hneßpIfpw At±lw Cd°nsh°pIbpw sNøp∂p. At∏mƒ At±lØn¬ hnizkn°pIbpw At±lsØ ]n¥pW°pIbpw klmbn°pIbpw At±ltØmsSm∏w AhX cn°s∏´n´p≈ B {]ImisØ ]n≥]‰pIbpw sNbvXhcmtcm Ah¿ Xs∂bmWv hnPbnIƒ.-'1 \∑Xn∑Isf {]hmNIPohnXhpambn _\v[s∏SpØmØ GsXmcp coXnimkv{Xhpw ]cmPbs∏Spsa∂pd∏mWv. tZiobX 1. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 157

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t°m hwiobXt°m `mjt°m H∂pw kvYmbnbmb \∑sb°pdn ®v ]dbm\mhn√. bpIvXnbpw XssYh. Cw•≠nse bpIvXnhm Zn°v hnhmtlXc ssewKnI_‘ßfpw kzh¿KcXnbpsam∂pw FXn¿°s∏tS≠ Ip‰a√ (Barbara Smoker: Humanism: Page 82-84). F∂m¬ C¥ybnse G‰hpw "]ptcmKa\']cambn Nn¥n°p∂ hyIvXnbmb CSadpIn\p t]mepw Cu "aqeyw' AwKo Icn°phm≥ Ignbp∂n√. At±lØns≥d acpaI\mb bqtdm ]y≥ k©mcn tbmc≥ kvIm¿W¿ FgpXp∂p. "hnhmlw \nba ]cambn cPnkv‰¿ sNøp∂Xphsc Fs≥d IqsS ]pdsØhnsS sb¶nepw t]mcm≥ Ah¿ (CSadpIpw `mcybpw) KoXsb A\ph Zn®n√. C¥y≥ skmssk‰n hnhml]q¿h_‘ßsf Hcn°epw AwKoIcn°pIbn√. ]mivNmXycmPyßfn¬ \nehnep≈ tU‰nw Kv k{ºZmbsØ F{X ]ptcmKa\hmZnbmb C¥y°mc\pw kzo Icn°phm≥ IgnbpIbn√'1 \∑bpw Xn∑bpw th¿Xncn°m\mbn bpIvXnsb G¬]n®m¬ Cw•≠nse [¿aw C¥ybn¬ A[¿a ambn amdpsa∂¿Y-w. Ckvemans\ kw_\v[n®nStØmfw {]hmNIs≥d sNbvXnI fpw samgnIfpsa√mw \ap°v ap∂n¬ Xpd∂p InS°p∂p≠v. Hm tcm hnjbßfnepw F¥mWv \∑sb∂v \ap°v Ahbnte°v t\m°nbm¬ aXn. ssZhnIt_m[\Øns≥d ASnkvYm\Øn e√msX \∑Xn∑Isf \njvIrjvSambn hyhtOZn°phm≥ \ap °mhn√. AXns∂mcpßnbm¬ Znhkßƒ IgnbpwtXmdpw \∑ Xn∑Isf am‰n \n¿hNnt°≠nhcpw. AlnwkmhmZØn\p apX¬ bpIvXnhmZØn\p hsc kw`hn®Xv AXmWv. \∑Xn∑Isf°pdn® hyIvXhpw ZrVhpamb ImgvN∏mSv a\p jysc \∑°pth≠n \ne\n¬°phm≥ t{]cn∏n°pIbpw Xn∑bn ¬ \n∂v apIvXamIphm≥ klmbn°pIbpw sNøpw. AXmWv Ckvemans≥d Ncn{XØn¬ kw`hn®Xv. apkvenwIfpsS sNbvXn Iƒ°v Ah¿ {]Xn^ew Imw£n®Xv ]ctemIØp\n∂v IqSnbm bt∏mƒ AhcpsS {]h¿Øßfn¬ Bflm¿Y-Xbpw A¿]W k∂≤Xbpw hfcpIbpw {]IS\]cX Xoscbn√mXmhpIbpw sNbvXp. 1. tbm-cm≥- kv-Im¿-W¿-: C¥y-bp-sS Bbn-cwap-Jßƒ- ]p-dw-: 29

kXykm£yw

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ap≥ Ign™ {]hmNI∑msc√mw GsX¶nepsamcp {]tXy I kaqlØntet°m {]tZiØntet°m th≠n \ntbmKn°s∏ ´h-c-mbncp∂p. aplΩZv \_n (k)bmIs´ temIØmIam\ap≈ a\pjycnte°v apgph\pambn \ntbmKn°s∏´ {]hmNI\mWv. a‰p {]hmNI∑mcpsSsb√mw in£W \n¿tZißƒ AhcpsS ImeØn\ptijw Ipd®p Ign™t∏mƒ hnIeam°s∏SpIbp ≠mbn. F∂m¬, aplΩZv \_n (k)bpsS PohnXhpw {]t_m[\ ßfpsa√mw A¥y\mƒ hscbp≈h¿s°√mw a\ nem°mhp ∂ coXnbn¬ tcJs∏´p InS°p∂p. {]hmNI≥ ]d™psh∂v {]Ncn∏n®psIm≠v Ifhv kXyam°m≥ {ian®m¬ AXp I≠p ]nSn°m≥ km[n°p∂ coXnbnemWv At±lØns≥d PohnXhpw samgnIfpw tcJs∏SpØs∏´ncn°p∂Xv. Ahkm\\mfphsc bmsXmcp t`ZKXnbpamhiyan√mØ k∑m¿K kwlnXbmWv aplΩZv \_n (k)bneqsS A√mlp temIØn\v \¬Inbncn°p ∂Xv. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ C\n Hcp {]hmNIs≥d Bhiyan√. aplΩZv (k) A¥na{]hmNI\mIp∂p. At±lØn\p tijw C\n {]hmNI∑m¿ hcm\n√. At±lw ]d™p: "Fs≥dbpw ap≥{]hmNI∑mcpsSbpw D]a CXmWv: Hcmƒ Hcp aµncw \n¿ an®p. AXns\ kpµchpw kp`Khpam°n. ]s£, Hcp aqe°√n s≥d kvYm\w Hgnhm°nsh®p. P\ßƒ AXns\ {]Z£nWw sh°pIbpw AXns≥d `wKnbn¬ hnkvacn°pIbpwsNbvXp. ""F¥psIm≠v Hcp I√pIqSn sh®n√'' F∂v Ah¿ ]dbpIbp ≠mbn. Rm\s{X B I√v. Rm\s{X A¥y{]hmNI≥.-'1 hnip≤Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "aplΩZv \nßfpsS ]pcpj∑mcn¬ HcmfpsSbpw ]nXmhmbn´n√. ]t£, At±lw A√mlphns≥d ZqX\pw {]hmNI∑mcn¬ Ahkm\sØ BfpamIp∂p'.2 A¥na{]hmNI\mb aplΩZv \_n (k)sb ssZhZqX\mbn AwKoIcn°pIhgn At±lØns≥d PohnXsØ A\p[mh\w sNøm≥ ]camh[n ]cn{ian°psa∂mWv Hcmƒ {]XnPvR sNøp ∂Xv. "Ncn{XImeØv Pohn®ncp∂hcn¬ sh®v G‰hpw alm\mb 1.- _p-Jm-cn- ap-kv-enw2. Jp¿-B≥- 33: 40

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a\pjy≥' aplΩZv \_n(k)bmsW∂mWv \njv]£ambn At±lØns≥d Ncn{Xw ]Tn∏n®hsc√mw ]d™n´p≈Xv . {]kvXpX PohnXamWv Hcp apkvenw ]n¥pScp∂Xv. AXphgn Ahs≥d PohnXw hnaeoIcn°s∏SpIbpw Cl]chnPbØn\v AXv \nanØamhpIbpw sNøp∂p.

]-Xn-aq-∂v \akvImcw Hcp apkvenw \n¿_‘ambpw A\pjvTnt°≠ Nne I¿aßfp ≠v. AXn¬ G‰hpw {][m\s∏´XmWv \akvImcw AYhm kz emØv. A©pt\cw \akvIcnt°≠Xv Hcp apkvenans≥d \n¿_ ‘amb _m[yXbmWvv. \akvImcsØ°pdn®v hnip≤Jp¿B≥ kqNn∏n® kvYeßfnse√mw AXv "\ne\n¿ØpI' F∂mWv kXyhnizmknItfmSv Blzm\w sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. kXyhnizm knIfpsS PohnXØn¬ \n∂v Hcn°epw Hgn™pt]mIm≥ ]mSn √mØ Hcp \n¿_\v[ I¿aamWv A©p t\csØ \akvImcsa ∂¿∞w. GI\mb ssZhØn\v am{Xw Bcm[\If¿∏n°p∂psh∂pw A¥na{]hmNI\mb aplΩZn(k)s\ ssZhZqX\mbn AwKo Icn°p∂psh∂pw {]XnPvR sNbvXv apkvenamIp∂ Hcmƒ Xs≥d PohnXw ssZhimk\°\pkrXambn {IaoIcn°phm≥ _m[ykvY\mWv. F∂m¬ a\pjy≥ Pohn®phcp∂ Np‰p]mSpI ƒ Ahsc ssZhkvacWbn¬\n∂v AI‰pIbpw tæNvOXIƒ {]h¿Øn°phm≥ t{]cn∏n°pIbpw sNøm≥ km[yXbp≠v. CXv C√mXncn°phm\pw Znhkw apgph≥ ssZhkvacW \ne\n¿ Øns°m≠v Ahs\ hnaeoIcn°phm\pw th≠n ]S®Xºpcm≥ Xs∂ I¬]n® I¿am\pjvTm\amWv \akvImcw. Hcp ZnhksØ apkvenans≥d PohnXamcw`n°p∂XpXs∂ \akvImcw sIm≠mWv. AWptWmZbØn\v apºv \n¿hln°

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

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s∏Sp∂ {]`mX\akvImc (kp_vlv)ØneqsS k¿hiIvX\mb {kjvSmhn\v apºn¬ \n∂v Ahs≥d kvXpXnIo¿Ø\ßfme]n °pIbpw Xn∑Ifn¬\n∂v apIvXamb PohnXw \bn°phm≥ Ah s≥d A\p{Klßfmhiys∏SpIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v PohnX hrØnIfmcw`n°p∂ Hcmƒ°v ]ns∂ ssZhtIm]Øn\v ]m{X amImhp∂ ]mXbneqsS k©cn°phm≥ km[n°ptam? {]`mX\ akvImcØneqsS ssIhcn® BXvahnip≤nbpsS Hfnaßp∂Xn \v apºv a[y-mlv\\akvImcw (Zzplv¿) hs∂Øp∂p. At∏mgpw ]m]tamN\Øn\pth≠nbpw am¿K{`wiw kw`hn°mXncn°phm \pw ]S®Xºpcms≥d apºn¬ ssI sI´n\n∂pw kmjvSmwKw \an®pw {]m¿Y-n°p∂ kXyhnizmknbpsS PohnXØn¬ ]m]w IS∂phcm≥ ]gpXpIsfhnsS? a[-ymlv\\akvImcØns≥d kvacWbn¬ \n∂v apIvXamhp∂Xn\p apºv kmbmlv\\akvIm c (Ak¿)Øn\v kabamIp∂p. ho≠pw ssZhnIimk\If \pkcn®v Pohn°msa∂pw ]m]ßfn¬ \n∂pw AI∂p\n¬°m sa∂pw apkvenw {]XnPvRsNøp∂p. Ak¿ \akvImcØneqsS t\SnsbSpØ kwip≤nbn¬ \n∂v hyXnNen®v Zq£nXhrØn Ifnte°v {i≤ Xncnbm≥ km[yXbp≈ kabamIptºmtg°pw k‘ym\akvImc(aKvcn_v)Ønte°v apkvenw {]thin°p∂p. AXp Ign™m¬ cm{Xnbn¬ sX‰pIp‰ßƒ°v km[yXtbsdbp ≈ kabaSp°ptºmƒ ho≠pw kXyhnizmkn \nim\akvImc (Cim)ØneqsS {kjvSmhn\p apºn¬ \{ainckvI\mbns°m≠v ]m]tamN\Øn\mbn {]m¿Y-n°pIbpw ssZhimk\Iƒ°\p krXambn Pohn°msa∂v {]XnPvR \SØpIbpw sNøp∂p. ]ns∂ Hcp apkvenan\v sX‰psNøm≥ kabsahnsS? clkyß fpw ]ckyßfpw hyIvXambdnbmhp∂ ]S®Xºpcm\p apºn¬ \n∂v A©pt\cw IrXyambn \akvIcn°p∂ Hcp apkvenan\v ]ns∂ ]m]w sNøm≥ IgnbpIbn√. hnip≤Jp¿B≥ ]d™ sX{X icn! "(\_ntb) thZ{KŸØn¬ \n∂pw \n\°v t_m[\w \¬Is∏´Xv HmXnt°ƒ∏n°pIbpw \akvImcw apdt]mse \n¿hln°pIbpw sNøpI. Xo¿®bmbpw \akvImcw \oNhrØn bn¬ \n∂pw \njn≤I¿aØn¬ \n∂pw XSbp∂p. A√mlpsh Hm¿an°pI F∂Xv G‰hpw alØmb Imcyw Xs∂bmIp∂p.

\akvImcw

203

\nßƒ {]h¿Øn°p∂sXt¥m AXv A√mlp Adnbp∂p'1 a‰p aXßfnteXpt]mse aWnbSn®p sImt≠m iwJp\mZw apg°ns°mt≠m A√ Ckveman¬ {]m¿Y-\m kabw Adnbn °p∂Xv. {]kvXpX Adnbn∏pt]mepw ssZhnIalXzØns≥d {]tLmjWhpw Ahs\ am{Xsa Bcm[n°pbp≈qsh∂ {]Jym]\hpw aplΩZv ssZhZqX\msW∂ km£yhpw Dƒs°m ≈p∂p. Znt\\ A©pt\cw ]≈nbn¬ apgßp∂ _ms¶menIƒ hnizmknIsf \akvImcØnte°pw Aßs\ hnPbØnte°pw £Wn°p∂p. _m¶v tIƒ°p∂ apkvenwIƒ ]≈nbnte°p t]mIp∂p. ]≈nbn¬sh®v \S°p∂ kwL\akvImcØn¬ ]s¶Sp°m≥ IgnbmØh¿°v hoń¬sht®m `qanbn¬ ip≤amb as‰hnsSsb¶nepwsht®m \akvIcn°mhp∂XmWv. F∂m¬ kwLwtN¿∂p≈ \akvImcw H‰bv°v \akvIcn°p∂Xnt\°m ƒ 27 Ccń {]XnêZmbIamsW∂v {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™ncn °p∂p. \akvImcw BXvamhns≥d hnaeoIcWØn\pth≠n {kjvSm hv a\pjy¿°v \nivNbn®psImSpØ I¿aamWv. \akvImcØn\p apºv icocip≤n Dd∏phcptØ≠Xp≠v. aew, aq{Xw, cIvXw XpS ßnb aen\hkvXp°ƒ icocØnsehnsSsb¶nepw Ds≠¶n¬ Ah IgpInhrØnbm°nbtijw am{Xta \akvIcn°m≥ ]mSp ≈q. kvJe\w kw`hn°pItbm kwtbmKØnte¿s∏SpItbm sNbvX hyIvXn \akvImcØn\papºv \n¿_\v[ambpw Ipfn®v ip≤nbmth≠Xp≠v. EXpaXnIfpw {]khn®pInS°p∂hcpw ip≤nbmIp∂Xphsc \akvIcn°m≥ ]mSp≈X√. Cßs\ BXvaip≤n hcpØphm\mbn BZyw icocip≤n \n¿_\v[am °p∂ Ckvemw hrØn°pw ipNnXzØn\pw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw hfsc hepXmsW∂v ImWm\mhpw. icocw samØambn amen\yßfn¬\n∂v apIvXam°nbtijw \akvImcØnte°v {]thin°p∂Xn\v apºmbn {]tXyIamb ip≤oIcWI¿aw (hpfp) \n¿hlnt°≠Xp≠v. Xm≥ \akvImc Øn\mhiyamb \n¿_\v[ipNoIcWw \SØp∂psh∂ hnNmc tØmSpIqSn apJw IgpIpI, ssIIƒ ap´phsc IgpIpI, Xe 1. Jp¿-B≥- 29: 45

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XShpI, ]mZßƒ sRcnbmWnbpƒs∏sS IgpIpI F∂o Imcy ßƒ {Iaambn sNøp∂XmWv hpfphnse \n¿_\v[ I¿aßƒ. ChIqSmsX ipNoIcWØn\pth≠nbp≈ Nne sFNvOnI I¿aßfpw hpfphn¬ Dƒs∏Sp∂p. ipNoIcWØn\v Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw hyIvXam°m\pXIp∂XmWv hpfphnse Hmtcm I¿aßfpw. Cu \n¿_\v[ ipNoIcWØn\ptijw Xm≥ \akvImcØn te°v {]thin°p∂psh∂ hnNmctØmsS Jn_ve°v A`napJ ambn \n∂v \SØp∂ Bcm[\ k¿hiIvX\mb Xºpcm\v kI ehpw ka¿∏n® apkvenamWv Xms\∂v hyIvXam°p∂ hn[Øn ep≈XmWv. \o≠p \nh¿∂p\n∂psIm≠v s\©n¬ ssIsh®v k¿htemIc£nXmhpw ]caImcpWnI\pw IcpWm\n[nbpw {]Xn^e\mfns≥d DSakvY\pambh\v kIehn[ kvXpXnIfpw A¿∏n°pIbpw Ah\p ap∂n¬\n∂v "\ns∂ am{Xw Rßƒ Bcm[n°pIbpw \nt∂mSpam{Xw Rßƒ klmbm`y¿Y-\ \S ØpIbpw sNøp∂p'sh∂v {]XnPvRsbSp°pIbpw "ssZhtIm ]Øn\v ]m{XambhcpsSbpw hgn]ng®hcpsSbpw ]mXbn¬\n∂v AI∂v ssZhm\p{KlØn\v ]m{XambhcpsS am¿KØnem°phm ≥ Rßsf A\p{Klnt°Wta'sb∂p {]m¿Y-n°pIbpamWv \akvImcØn¬ BZyambn sNøp∂Xv. ]n∂oSv Ipºn´psIm≠pw \nh¿∂p\n∂psIm≠pw kmjvSmwKw\an®psIm≠pw Ccp∂psIm ≠pw A√mlphn\v kvXpXnIfƒ∏n°pIbpw Ahs\ {]Io¿Øn °pIbpw Aht\mSv ]m]tamN\Øn\t]£n°pIbpw kXyaX ktµisaØn®pX∂ ssZhZqX\pw IpSpw_Øn\pw A\pbmbn Iƒ°pw ssZhImcpWyØn\qth≠n {]m¿Y-n°pIbpw ClPo hnXØnse hnPbØn\mhiyamb ssZhm\p{KlØn\pth≠n A¿∞n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. "A√mlphmWv G‰hp henbh≥' F∂p {]Jym]n®psIm≠v Bcw`n°p∂ \akvImcw Ccp∂v Ccp hitØ°pw Xncn™psIm≠v "\nßfnse√mw ssZhnIkam[m \hpw ImcpWyhpw D≠mhs´'sb∂v apgph≥ BfpItfmSpw Biwkn®psIm≠mWv Ahkm\n∏n°p∂Xv . CXn\nS°p \SØp∂ I¿aßfpw {]m¿Y-\Ifpsa√mw a\pjysc Xn∑bn ¬\n∂v apIvXam°n \∑bnseØn°m≥ klmbn°p∂hbmWv.

\akvImcw

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\akvImcw apd{]Imcw A\pjvTn°p∂ HcmfpsS PohnXØn ¬ Xn∑Iƒ IS∂phcm\p≈ km[yX Xosc hncfamWv. ImcWw Abmƒ°v ssZhkvacWbn¬ \n∂v Hgn™p\n¬°m≥ kabw In´p∂n√. k¿hiIvX\pw k¿hImePvRm\nbpw ]caImcpWn I\pw clkyhpw ]ckyhpw Htct]mse Adnbp∂h\pw {]Xn ^e \mfns≥d DSakvY\pamb A√mlphns\°pdn® kvacW \ne\n¬°ptºmƒ Hcmƒ°v sX‰psNøm≥ km[n°p∂sX ßs\? {]hmNI≥ (k) tNmZn®p: "\nßfn¬ BcpsSsb¶nepw ho´n∂cnIneqsS Hcp \Zn Hgp°ns°m≠ncn°pIbpw Abmƒ Znhkhpw A©pt\cw AXn¬ Ipfn°pIbpw sNøp∂psh¶n¬ AbmfpsS icocØn¬ h√ Agp°pw Ahtijn°ptam? A\pbmbnIƒ ]d™p: "C√. H´pw Ahtijn°pIbn√'. Xncp ta\n(k) ]d™p: "AXpt]msebmWv A©pt\csØ \akvIm cßƒ. Ah hgn A√mlp ]m]ßsf ambv®pIfbp∂p'.1 Hcp cq]Ønes√¶n¬ as‰mcp cq]Øn¬ {]m¿Y-\Iƒ \ne \n¬°mØ Hcp aXkaqlhpan√. hyhkvYm]nXamb {]m¿Y\mcq]ßfn¬ ]eXpw _lpssZhmcm[\bpambn _\v[s∏ ´mWv \ne\n¬°p∂Xv. F∂m¬ Ckvemanse hyhkvYm]nX {]m¿Y-\˛kzemØv˛AXns≥d ASnkvYm\mZ¿isØ {]Xn^ en∏n°p∂p. GI\mb {kjvSmhnt\mSp≈ {]m¿Y-\Iƒ Dƒ s°m≈p∂ \akvImcw Xs∂bmWv ]q¿h{]hmNI∑mcpw \n¿h ln®ncp∂sX∂mWv hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. ipsF_v \_nbpw2 C{_mlow \_nbpw k¥XnIfpw3 aqkm\_nbpw4 Cukm\_nbpsa√mw5 \akvImcw \n¿hln®ncp∂hcmsW∂ {]kvYmh\Ifn¬ \n∂v \ap°v a\ nem°m≥ Ignbp∂Xv CXm Wv. GIssZhmcm[\bn¬\n∂v AhcpsS kaqlßƒ hyXnNen ®t∏mƒ hyhkvYm]nXamb {]m¿Y-\mcq]ßfnepw am‰ßfp ≠mbn _lpssZhmcm[\bn¬ A[njvTnXambXmbncn°W sa∂v IcpXmhp∂XmWvv. 1. _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw2. Jp¿-B≥- 11: 87 3. Jp¿-B≥- 14: 37 4. Jp¿-B≥- 20: 14 5. Jp¿-B≥- 19: 31

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

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]q¿h{]hmNI∑m¿ kzoIcn®ncp∂ {]m¿Y-\m coXn aplΩZv \_n kzoIcn°pIbpw ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNbvX coXntbmSv kaam bncp∂psh∂v Xs∂bmWv ss__nƒ hmbn®mepw \ap°v a\kn kemhpI. "ap´pIpØn Xe s\‰n \neØv ]Xn∏n®psIm≠v Xs∂bmWv A{_lmapw1 Genbmhpw2 tamibpw Altcm\pw2 Zm\ntbepw4 tbiphpsa√mw5 {]m¿Y-n®Xv F∂mWv ss__nfn¬ \ap°v ImWm≥ Ignbp∂Xv. ap´pIpØn s\‰n \neØv IpØn s°m≠v hyhkvYm]nXamb {]m¿Y-\ \n¿hln°p∂ C∂v \ne \n¬°p∂ P\kqalw CkvemanI kaqlamsW∂ hkvXpX {]tXyIw {]kvXmhyas{X. \akvImcw tIheamb HcmNmcsa∂Xnep]cnbmbn, k¿hi IvX\mb {kjvSmhpambp≈ A`napJkw`mjWamWv. Cusbm cp t_m[ap≠mIptºmƒ am{XamWv \akvImcw ]m]ßsf ambv ®pIfbp∂Xv. A√msX Np≠p am{Xadnbp∂ Iptd a{¥ßfcphn ´XpsIm≠v ]m]ßfn¬ \n∂v ip≤oIcn°s∏SpIbn√. lrZb Øn¬ \n∂pb¿∂phcp∂ `IvXnbpw {]m¿Y-\IfpamWv \akv ImcØns≥d aPvP. Ah C√mØ \avkImcw ]m]hnapIvXn \¬Ip∂n√. AXpsIm≠mWv AØcw \akvImc°mcn¬ \n∂v Ckvemw \ntcm[n® coXnbnep≈ kz`mhßfpw {]h¿Ø\ßfp ap≠mIp∂Xv. AØcw \akvImc°msc°pdn®v hnip≤Jp¿B ≥ ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI: "F∂m¬ XßfpsS \akvImcsØ∏‰n {i≤bn√mØhcpw P\ßsf ImWn°m≥ th≠n {]h¿Øn°p ∂hcpw ]tcm]Imc hkvXp°ƒ apS°p∂hcpamb \akvImc °m¿°mIp∂p \miw.-'6 kwLw tN¿∂p≈ \akvImcamWv IqSpX¬ ]pWyIcsa∂v ]d™pht√m. Hcp t\Xmhns≥d Iogn¬ kaqlØnse kI ecpw tXmfpcpΩn \n∂p≈ \akvImcw Ckvemw hn`mh\w sNøp ∂ kaqlØns≥d \nZ¿i\as{X. a\pjy¿ krjvSn®psh®n´p ≈ D®\oNXzßƒ°XoXambn k¿hiIvX\mb {kjvSmhns≥d 1. D¬-∏Øn- 17: 3 2. cm-Pm- 18: 42 3. kw-Jy- 20: 6 4. Zm-\n-tb¬- 6: 10 5.- aØm-bn- 26: 39 6. Jp¿-B≥- 107: 4˛7

\akvImcw

207

k∂n[nbn¬ a\pjysc√mw XpeycmsW∂v hyIvXam°p∂ kw L \akvImcw Nn´bps≈mcp kaqlsØ hf¿ØnsbSp°p∂p. kmaqlyt_m[hpw A®S°hpap≠m°nsbSp°p∂Xn\pw kwL\akvImcØn\v Ignbp∂p. kwL\akvImcØn¬ kv{Xo IfpsS hcnIƒ ]pcpj∑mcpsS hcnIfpsS ]n∂nembncn°W sa∂v {]hmNI≥(k) \njvI¿jn®n´p≠v.1 F√m sh≈nbmgvNbpw a[ymlv\kabØv \S°p∂ PpapA bn¬ kvYeØp≈ F√m apkvenapw ]s¶Sp°¬ \n¿_\v[am Wv. tcmKnIƒ, Ip´nIƒ, bm{X°m¿, kv{XoIƒ F∂nh¿ Cu \n¿_\v[Øn¬ \ns∂mgnhmsW¶nepw Ah¿°pw km[n°psa ¶n¬ ]s¶Sp°mhp∂XmWv. Camans≥d {]kwKhpw c≠p dIvA Øv kwL\akvImchpamWv PpapA Znhkw ]≈nbn¬ sh®p \S°p∂Xv. Hcp {]tZisØ apkvenwIƒ apgph≥ ]≈nbn¬ Hcpan®v Iq´p∂ ZnhkØn¬ AhcpsS ssZ\wZn\ PohnXhpambn _\v[s∏´ hnjbßfnep≈ D]tZißƒ \¬IpIbpw Ahsc t_m[hm∑mcm°pIbpw sNtø≠Xv Camans≥d ISabmWv. {]kvXpX D]tZißƒ kaqlsØ \∑bnte°v \bn°pIbpw Xn∑bn¬ \n∂v XSbpIbpw sNøp∂ cq]Ønep≈Xmbncn°pw. BgvNtXmdpw Cu D]tZißƒ {ihn°p∂ Hcp apkvenan\v hgn sX‰phm\p≈ km[yX Xosc hncfamWv. A©pt\csØ \n¿_\v[\akvImcw IqSmsX Nne sFNvOnI \akvImcßfpw {]hmNI≥ \n¿tZin®n´p≠v. \n¿_\v[ \akvImcßƒ°v aptºm ]ntºm \n¿hln°s∏Sp∂ \akvIm cßƒ, \nim\akvImcw, CuZv \akvImcßƒ, ag°pth≠nbp ≈ \akvImcw, {KlW\akvImcw, A`nhmZ\ \akvImcw XpS ßnbhbmWXv. Chbn¬ NneXv Znt\\ \n¿hlnt°≠Xpw a‰p Nneh {]tXyIamb Ahkcßfn¬ \n¿hlnt°≠XpamWv. Hcp apkvenans≥d PohnXØn¬ \n∂v Hcn°epw Hgn™pt]m hm≥ ]mSn√mØ Hcp Bcm[\bmWv \akvImcw. \n∂psIm≠v \akvIcn°m≥ km[n°mØh¿ Ccp∂pw AXn∂v km[n°m Øh¿ InS∂pw AXn∂pw km[n°mØh¿ a\ n¬ IcpXns°m 1.- ap-kv-enw-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

208

≠pw \akvIcn°Wsa∂mWv {]hmNIs≥d I¬]\. tcmKnIƒ °pw bm{X°m¿°pw c≠p \akvImcßƒ Hcp \akvImcØn s≥d kabØpw bm{X°m¿°v \mep dIvAØp≈ \akvImcw Npcp°n c≠p dIvAØmbpw \akvIcn°m\p≈ A\phmZw {]hmNI≥ (k) \¬Inbn´p≠v. Cu CfhpIsf√mw Hcmƒ°v D]tbmKn°mw. ]t£, Hcp apkvenw Hcn°epw \akvIcn°mXn cn°p∂ AhkvYbp≠mbn°qSm. {]hmNI≥ ]d™p. "\ap°pw Ah¿°pw (hnizmkn°pw Ahnizmkn°pw) CSbnep≈ DSºSn \akvImcamIp∂p. AXn\m¬ B¿ \akvImcw Dt]£n°p∂p thm Ah≥ kXy\ntj[n Bbn.-'1 \akvIcn°mØh¿°pw \akvIcn°p∂h¿°pw ]ctemI Øv e`n°m\ncn°p∂ c£min£Isf°pdn®v hnhcn°sh Jp¿ B≥ ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI "Ip‰hmfnIsf∏‰n Ah¿ (kz¿Khm knIƒ) At\zjn°pw; \nßsf \cIØn¬ {]thin∏n®Xv F¥n∂msW∂v. Ah¿ (Ip‰hmfnIƒ) adp]Sn ]dbpw: Rßƒ \akvIcn°p∂hcpsS Iq´Ønembncp∂n√. Rßƒ AKXnIƒ °v Blmcw \¬Ipambncp∂n√. tXm∂nhmkØn¬ apgpIp∂h tcmSv IqsS Rßfpw apgpIpambncp∂p. {]Xn^eØns≥d \mfn s\ Rßƒ \ntj[n®p Ifbpambncp∂p.2

1.- Alv-aZv2. Jp¿-B≥- 74: 41˛46

]-Xn-\m-ev\n¿_‘ Zm\w \akvImcw Ign™m¬ ]ns∂ Ckveman¬ G‰hpw {][m\ s∏´ I¿aamWv kI-mØv AYhm \n¿_‘Zm\w. hnip≤ Jp¿ B\n¬ \akvImctØmsSm∏w Xs∂ ]cma¿in°s∏´ Hcp I¿a amWv kI-mØv. \akvImcw \ne\n¿Øphm≥ I¬]n°p∂ an° Jp¿B\nI kqIvXßfnepw kI-mØv sImSp°phm≥ I¬]n® Xmbn ImWm≥ Ignbpw. "BIbm¬ \nßƒ \akvImcw apdt]m se \n¿hln°pIbpw kI-mØv \¬IpIbpw A√mlpsh apdp sI ]nSn°pIbpw sNøpI.-'1 `qanbnse hn`hßƒ a\pjy\pth≠n krjvSn°s∏´n´p ≈XmWv. A√mlphns≥d A\p{Klßƒ tXSns°m≠v `qanbn ¬ hym]cn°phm≥ Jp¿B≥ a\pjytcmSv Bhiys∏Sp∂p.2 {]IrXnhn`hßsf D]tbmKn°phm\pw ssZhnIm\p{Klßsf tXSphm\pap≈ AhImiw F√m a\pjycptSXpamWv. GsX¶n epw Hcp hn`mKØn\p am{Xw {]]©Ønse hkvXp°ƒ BkzZn °phm\p≈ AhImiw Ckvemw \¬Ip∂n√. {]IrXnsb D] tbmKn°phm\p≈ Hmtcm a\pjys≥dbpw AhImisØ \ntj [n°phm\p≈ A[nImchpw B¿°pan√. A[zm\n°phm\pw [\w kºmZn°phm\pap≈ AhImiw F√mh¿°pw XpeyamWv. ]camh[n D¬]-mZn∏n°sWsa∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 78 2. Jp¿-B≥- 62: 10

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

210

Xv. D¬]-mZn∏n°phm\pw kºmZn°phm\pap≈ AhImiw hyIv Xn°p≠v. [m¿anI \nbaßƒ ]men®psIm≠v hyIvXn \SØp∂ kºmZyw Aht≥d-XpXs∂bmWvv, cmjv{SØns≥dtbm kaql Øns≥dtbm A√. ]t£, Cu kºmZyØn¬ \n∂v cmjv{SØn s≥dbqw kaqlØns≥dbpw BhiyØn\pth≠n sNehgn°m ≥ Ah≥ XbmdmhWw. AXp hyIvXnbpsS _m[yXbmWv. Xm≥ kºmZn°p∂sXm∂pw X\n°p≈Xs√∂ t_m[amWv IayqWn kv‰v cmjv{Sßfnse D¬]mZ\tØmXv Ipdbm\p≠mb ImcWw. Xs≥d kºmZyw X\n°v CjvSap≈Xpt]mse sNehgn°msa∂ hnNmcamWv apXemfnØ temIØns≥d ]mfn®. Cu c≠v BXy ¥nIXIsfbpw \ntj[n°p∂ Ckvemw kºmZn°phm\p≈ hyIvXnbpsS AhImiw AwKoIcn®psImSp°pIbpw AXn¬\n ∂v \n¿ZnjvS coXnbn¬ sNehgnt°≠Xv Ahs≥d _m[yXbm sW∂v ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. imcocnItam at‰m Bb IgnhptISpIfm¬ kmºØnI cwK Øv hnjaa\p`hn°p∂ hyIvXnIsf kwc£nt°≠ _m[yX kaqlØn\mWp≈Xvv. AXn∂mbmWv Ckvemw k°mØv hyh kvY \S∏nem°nbncn°p∂Xv. apXemfn Xs≥d kºmZyØns≥d c≠c iXam\w \n¿_\v[ambpw sNehgn°Wsa∂mWv Ckv emans≥d imk\. Im¿jnI hnfIƒ°msW¶n¬ \\®p≠m°n bXn\v A©p iXam\hpw \\°msX D≠mbXn\v ]Øp iXam \hpw k°mØv \¬IWw. I∂pImenkºØn\pw B`cWß ƒ°psa√mw AhbpsS tXmX\pkcn®v k°mØv \¬IWsa ∂mWv {]hmNIs≥d imk\. CXv [\nI≥ sFNv-OnIambn sNtø≠ Imcya√. kI-mØv \n¿_\v[Zm\amWv. AXv \¬tI ≠Xv [\nIs≥d _m[yXbmWv. kI-mØv [\nIs≥d HuZmcya√. Zcn{Zs≥d AhImias{X. apkvenans≥d kz`mhßsf°pdn®v ]dbp∂nSØv hnip≤Jp¿ B≥ C°mcyw kqNn∏n°p∂Xv ImWpI. "XßfpsS kzØp° fn¬ tNmZn®phcp∂h\pw D]Poh\am¿K-w XSbs∏´h\pw \n¿ WnXamb AhImiw \¬Ip∂h¿.'1 hyXykvX Xcw ImbvI\nI sf°pdn®p hnhcn®psIm≠v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ "AXns≥d hnfsh 1. Jp¿-B≥- 70: 25, 26

\n¿_‘ Zm\w

211

Sp∏v Znhkw AXnep≈ _m[yX \nßƒ sImSpØpho´pIbpw sNøpI'1 F∂v \njvI¿jn®Xn¬ \n∂v Im¿jnIhnfIƒ ]dn s®Sp°p∂hcpsS _m[yXbmWv AhbpsS \nivNnXamb kIm Øv \¬IpIsb∂ Imcyw hyIvXamIp∂p. apXemfn ]mhs∏´h∂p \¬Ip∂ \mWbØp´pIf√ kIm Øv. kº∂s≥d ASpØp\n∂v cmjv{Stam kaqlw DØchmZ s∏SpØnb kvYm]\ßtfm ]ncns®Sp°pIbpw A¿lXs∏´h¿ °v hnXcWw sNøpIbpamWv kI-mØns≥d cq]w. \n¿_‘ambpw Nnehgnt°≠Xv Ggp hIp∏pIfnembns°m ≠mIWsa∂mWv Jp¿B\ns≥d imk\. "Zm\[¿aßƒ Zcn{Z ∑m¿°pw AKXnIƒ°pw AXns≥d ImcyØn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ h¿°pw (Ckvemapambn) a\ pIƒ CW°s∏´h¿°pw ASnaI fpsS (tamN\Øns≥d) am¿KØnepw hgnt]m°∂pw am{XamWv. A√mlphn¶¬ \n∂p \nivNbn°s∏´Xs{X CXv. A√mlp F√mw Adnbp∂h\pw bpIvXnam\pamWv.1 Aekamb PohnXw Ckvemw \ncp¬kmls∏SpØp∂p. A\ ¥ckzØv [-q¿ØSn®v Pohn°p∂h¿ sIm≈cpXmØhcmWv. Ckvemanse kI-mØv hyhkvY CØcamfpIfpsS AekX AI‰p∂p. F{X henb kºØmbncp∂mepw h¿jw tXmdpw c≠c iXam\w sNehgn°pIbmsW¶n¬ \m¬]Xp h¿jØn \p≈n¬ B kºØv Xo¿∂pt]mIpsa∂ Nn¥ AekX AI‰p Ibpw kºØns\ D¬]mZ\cwKØnd°m≥ t{]cn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. "kI-mØv' F∂ ]ZØn\v hf¿®sb∂pw kwkvIcWsa∂pw A¿Y-ap≠v. kºØns≥d kwkvIcWamWv k°mØv. Cu kwkvIcWamIs´ kmºØnIk¥penXXzØn\pw kmaqly ]ptcmKXn°pw \nanØamIp∂Xphgn hyIvXnbpsSbpw kaql Øns≥dbpw hf¿®°v ImcWamhpIbpw sNøp∂p. kmºØnI amb AXym¿ØnbmWv ]et∏mgpw a\pjysc alm]m]ßfnte °v \bn°p∂Xv. kI-mØv kmºØnIamb XymKamWt√m. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ kI-mØv hyhkvY [\]qPsbbpw kzm¿ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 9: 60

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

212

Y-Xsbbpw ZqcoIcn®p IfbpIbpw XymKk∂≤Xbpw ]tcm] ImtcNvObpw hf¿ØpIbpw sNøp∂p. a\pjysc ipNoIcn°p Ibpw kwkvIcn°pIbpw sNøp∂ I¿aambn k°mØns\ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂ Hcp Jp¿B≥ kqIvXw ImWpI. "Ahsc ipNoIcn°pIbpw Ahsc kwkvIcn°pIbpw sNøm\pXIp∂ Zm\w AhcpsS kzØp°fn¬ \n∂v \o hmßpIbpw Ah¿°v (A\p{KlØn\v) th≠n {]m¿Y-n°pIbpw sNøpI'1 kI-mØv ssZhnIamb imk\IfpsS ASnkvYm\Øn¬ kwLSn∏n®v hnXcWw sNøm≥ kaqlw k∂≤ambm¬ temI Øp\n∂v Zmcn{Zysa∂ {]iv\w GXm≠v ]q¿WambnØs∂ Hgnhm°m≥ Hgnhm°m≥ Ignbpw. CkvemanI cmjv{SØn¬ kImØv hmßphm≥ Bcpan√mXncp∂ AhkvYbp≠mbn´v ASpØ cmjv{SØnte°v Ah hnXcWw sNbvX kw`hw Ncn{XØnep ≠mbn´p≠v. kI-mØv t]mseØs∂bp≈ as‰mcp \n¿_‘ Zm\amWv ^nXz-v¿ kI-mØv. daZm≥ amkØnse {hXm\pjvSm\Øns≥d kam]vXnIpdn®psIm≠v BtLmjn°s∏Sp∂ CuZp¬ ^nXv-zdn t\mS\p_\v[n®v hnXcWw sNøs∏Sp∂ Zm\as{X CXv. CuZp ¬ ^nXv-z¿ kpZn\Øn¬ Bcpw ]´nWnInS°mXncn°p∂Xn\p th≠n kwhn[m\n°s∏´ Zm\amWnXv. s]cp∂mƒ ZnhksØ `£Wmhiyßƒ°p≈ kºsØmgn®v an®ap≈hsc√mw Cu Zm\w \¬Im≥ \n¿_\v[nXcmWv. \akvImctØmsSm∏w kI-mØp \¬Iphm\pw Hcmƒ k∂ ≤\mhp∂tXmsS Abmƒ CkvemanI kaqlØn¬ AwKam Ip∂p; apkvenwIfpsS ktlmZc\mbn amdp∂p. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp ∂p: "F∂m¬ Ah¿ ]ivNmØ]n°pIbpw \akvImcw apdt]m se \n¿hln°pIbpw kI-mØv \¬IpIbpw sNøp∂]£w Ah¿ aXØn¬ \nßfpsS ktlmZcßfmIp∂p.'2

1. Jp¿-B≥- 9: 103 2. Jp¿-B≥- 9: 11

]-Xn-\-©v{hXm\pjvTm\w Ckvemanse \n¿_\v[amb I¿am\pjvTm\ßfn¬ s]´Xm Wv HcpamksØ {hXm\pjvTm\w. {]`mXw apX¬ {]tZmjw hsc A∂]m\obßfn¬ \n∂pw hnImc]q¿ØoIcWØn¬ \n∂pw hn´p\n¬°pIbmWv Ckvemw {hXm\pjvTm\w sIm≠v hnh£n°p∂Xv. ssZham¿KØn¬ {]h¿Øn°phm\p≈ kl \hpw XymKk∂≤Xbpw hf¿ØnsbSp°p∂ {hXm\pjvTm\w hnhn[ cq]ßfn¬ F√m aXkaqlßfnepw \ne\n∂ncp∂Xm bn ImWm≥ Ignbpw. ]ucmWnI {Koknepw CuPn]vXnepw ssN\bnepsa√mw hnhn[ coXnIfnep≈ {hXm\pjvTm\ßƒ \ne\n∂ncp∂psh∂v a\ nem°m≥ Ign™n´p≠v. lnµpkaq lØn¬ Nne {]tXyI coXnIfnep≈ D]hmkßƒ C∂pw \ne \n¬°p∂p. blqZ∑m¿°nSbn¬ {hXm\pjvTm\w \ne\n∂ncp ∂psh∂v ss__nƒ ]gb \nbaw hyIvXam°p∂p. blqZcnte °p h∂ {]hmNI\mb tbiphpw D]hkn®ncp∂Xmbn kphn tijßfn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°mw. ]q¿h kapZmbßfn¬ \ne\n ∂ncp∂t]mse apkvenwIƒ°v {hXm\pjvTm\w \n¿_‘am °ns°m≠p≈ ssZhI¬]\ Cßs\bmWv : "kXyhnizm knItf, \nßfpsS apºp≈htcmSv I¬]n®ncp∂Xpt]mseØ s∂ \nßƒ°pw t\mºv \n¿_\v[ambn I¬]n°s∏´ncn°p∂p. \nßƒ tZmj_m[sb kq£n°phm≥ th≠nbs{X AXv'.1 1. Jp¿-B≥- 12: 183

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

214

]q¿hkapZmbßƒ°v {hXm\pjvTm\Øn\v \n¿tZin°s∏ ńcp∂ Imew IrXyambn a\ nem°m≥ Ign™nń√. C{kmtb ¬ kapZmbØn¬ kw`hn® hyXykvXßfmb kw`hßfpsS kvacWbmbns°m≠mbncp∂p bqlZ∑mcpsS D]hmkßfne [nIhpsa∂mWv ]gb \nba ss__nfn¬ \n∂v a\ nemhp∂ Xv. tbip ]nimNns≥d {]tem`\Øn¬ \n∂v c£s∏Sm≥ th ≠n 40 Znhkw D]hkn®Xmbn aØmbnbpsS kphntijØn¬1 ImWmw. ap≥kapZmbßfnteXn¬ \n∂v hyXykvXambn ¢n]vX ambn Hcp ImebfhnemWv Ckveman¬ {hXm\pjvTm\w \n¿_ \v[am°s∏ńcn°p∂Xv. A¥y\mƒ hscbp≈ a\pjy¿s°√m ambp≈ am¿KZ¿i\hpambn AhXcn∏n°s∏´ hnip≤ Jp¿B \ns≥d AhXcWw aqew [\yamb daZm≥ amkØn¬ {hXa\p jvTn°phm\mWv apkvenw I¬∏n°s∏ńcn°p∂Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿ B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI. "P\ßƒ°v am¿K-Z¿i\ambns°m ≠pw, t\¿hgn ImWn°p∂Xpw kXyhpw AkXyhpw th¿Xncn °p∂Xpamb kphyIvX sXfnhpIfmbns°m≠pw hnip≤ Jp¿ B≥ AhXcn∏n°s∏´ amkamIp∂p daZm≥. AXpsIm≠v \nßfn¬ B¿ B amkØn¬ k∂nlnXcmtWm Ah¿ B amkw {hXa\pjvTnt°≠XmWv.-'2 {hXm\pjvTm\w tZmj_m[sb kq£n°p∂Xn∂v hnizmkn Isf kPvPam°p∂p. ssZhlnXsØ am{Xw am\n®psIm≠v Blmc]m\obßƒ shSnbpIbpw hnImcßƒ \nb{¥n°pI bpw sNøp∂ Hcmfn¬ ssZht_m[hpw kq£vaXbpw h¿[-n°p sa∂ ImcyØn¬ kwiban√. kZmkabhpw Xm≥ ssZhØm¬ \nco£n°s∏Sp∂ps≠∂ t_m[w am{XamWt√m clkyhpw ]ckyhpambn `£W ]m\obßƒ D]tbmKn°p∂Xn¬ \n∂pw ssewKnI_‘Øn¬ \n∂pw Hgn™p\n¬°m≥ Ahs\ t{]cn ∏n°p∂Xv. ]ctemIt_m[an√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ clkyamsb ¶nepw Ah≥ Xn∂pIbpw IpSn°pIbpw hnImc]q¿ØoIcWw km[n°pIbpw sNøpambncp∂p. CXp sNømsX Hcp amk°m ew XpS¿®bmbn D]hkn°p∂ Hcmfn¬ ssZht_m[hpw kq£v 1. aØm-bn- 4: 2 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 185

{hXm\pjvTm\w

215

aXbpw hf¿∂phcnIbpw PohnXØn¬ DS\ofw tZmj_m[sb kq£n°phm≥ Abmƒ k∂≤\mhpIbpw sNøpsa∂ Imcy Øn¬ kwiban√. AXpsIm≠mWv {hXm\pjvTm\w \n¿_\v[ am°ns°m≠p≈ I¬]\bn¬ "\nßƒ tZmj_m[sb kq£n °phm≥ th≠nbs{X AXv' F∂v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]d™ncn °p∂Xv. hyIvXn]camb XymKat\m`mhhpw tkh\k∂≤Xbpw A¿ ]Wt_m[hpw t\mºpImc\n¬ hf¿∂phcp∂p. AtXmsSm∏w Xs∂ Ah\n¬ kmaqlyt_m[hpw kakrjvSnkvt\lhpw hf ¿Øm\pw {hXm\pjvTm\Øn\v km[n°pw. hni∏ns≥d thZ\ A\p`hn®dnbp∂ t\mºpImc\v ]´nWn∏mhßtfmSv kzm`m hnIambpw Zo\m\pIº hf¿∂p hcp∂p. GXp ]nip°s\bp-w {hXw DZmc\m°pIbpw ]mhs∏´hsc ]cnKWn°p∂hcm°n am‰pIbpw sNøp∂p. AtXmsSm∏w Xs∂ daZm\nse {hXw Zcn{Z s\bpw [\nIs\bpw sFIys∏SpØp∂p. ]Ien¬ A\p`hn°p ∂ hni∏pw Zmlhpw Ccph¿°pw Htct]msebmWt√m. CXv sshImcnIkaXzØn\v \nanØamhpIbpw CkvemanI kaql Øns≥d kpkPv P amb sI´pd∏n\Xv ImcWamhpIbpw sNøp∂p. hyIvXnsb kzbw\nb{¥WØn\v ]m{Xam°pIbpw tæNvO amb kz`mhßfn¬ \n∂v apIvXam°pIbpw sNøpIbmWv {hXm \pjvTm\Øns≥d e£ysa∂v ]d™pht√m. Cu e£yØn\p XIp∂ coXnbnembncn°Ww Hcmƒ {hXa\pjvTnt°≠Xv. Ah ≥ NoØ hm°pIfn¬ \n∂pw {]hrØnIfn¬ \n∂pw ]q¿Wam bn apIvX\mbncn°Ww. AXn√mØ t\mºv hy¿Y-amWv. {]hm NI≥(k) ]d™p: "NoØ hm°pw {]hrØnbpw shSnbmØh≥ A∂]m\obßƒ Dt]£nt°≠ Bhiyw A√mlphn∂n√.-'1 "t\mºv Hcp ]cnNbmIp∂p. \nßfn¬ Bsc¶nepw {hXa\p jvTn°p∂ ]£w Ah≥ NoØ hm°pIƒ ]dbcpXv. D®Øn¬ kwkmcn°cpXv. Ahs\ h√hcpw iImcn°pItbm Ah√hcpw Aht\mSv iWvT°v hcnItbm sNbvXm¬ "Rm≥ t\mºpImc 1. _p-Jm-cn-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

216

\mWv' F∂v Ah≥ ]dRpsIm≈s´.-'1 ssZh{]oXn am{Xw e£yam°n {hXa\pjvTn°p∂h≥ Xm≥ apºpsNbvXpt]mb ]m]ßfn¬ \n∂v kzm`mhnIambpw ]ivNm Ø]n®p aSßp∂p. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ Ah∂v ]m]apIvXn e`n°pIbpw hnip≤PohnXw \bn°m≥ {hXw {]tNmZ\taIpI bpw sNøp∂p. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p: "hnizmktØmSpw {]Xn ^teNvOtbmSpw IqSn Bsc¶nepw daZ-m\n¬ t\mº\pjv Tn®m¬ Ahs≥d Ign™pt]mb ]m]ßsf√mw s]mdp°s∏Sp ∂XmWvv.'2 daZm\n¬ tcmKw sImt≠m at‰m t\mº\pjvSn°phm≥ Ign ™n´ns√¶n¬ F{XZnhksØ {hXamtWm hn´pt]mbXv A{X bpw Znhkw ASpØ daZm\n\v apºv A\pjvTn®p hot´≠XmWv. AXn∂p km[n°mØh¿ Hcp {hXØn\v ]Icw Hcp AKXn°v Blmcw \¬tI≠XmsW∂mWv Jp¿B\nI I¬]\. Hcpamkw \o≠p\n¬°p∂ XpS¿®bmb daZ-m≥ {hXØn\p ]pdsa sFNvOnIamb a‰p Nne {hXm\pjvTm\ßƒ IqSnbp≠v. Ch A\pjvTn°p∂Xv \n¿_\v[as√¶nepw hfsctbsd ]pWy IcamsW∂mWv {]hmNIhN\ßƒ hyIvXam°p∂Xv. Npcp°Øn¬, apkvenan¬ BXvaka¿∏WØn\pf k∂≤X hf¿ØpIbpw XymKa\kvYnXnbp≠m°pIbpw ssZhNn¥bn te°v Ahs\ \bn°pIbpw sNøp∂ AXnalØmb Hcp I¿a as{X {hXm\pjvTm\w. {]kvXpX I¿aØneqsS ssZhm\p{K lØn\pw Aßs\ kz¿K{]thi\Øn\pw hnizmkn A¿l\m hp∂p. {]hmNI≥(k) ]d™p: "kz¿KØn¬ døm≥ F∂ t]cn ¬ Hcp IhmSap≠v. A¥yZn\Øn¬ t\mºpImc\mWv AXneq sS {]thin°pI. a‰mcpw AXneqsS {]thin°pIbn√'.3

1. _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw2. _p-Jm-cn3.- _p-Jm-cn-

]-Xn-\m-dvlPvPv CkvemanI I¿am\pjvTm\ßfn¬ Ahkm\tØXmWv lPvP.v "Xo¿Y-bm{X' F∂¿Y-w hcp∂ lPvPpsIm≠v a°bnse ssZ h aµncamb IAv_bnte°p≈ Xo¿YmS\hpw AtXmS\p_ \v[n® I¿aßfpamWv kmt¶XnIambn hnh£n°p∂Xv. kmº ØnIhpw imcocnIhpamb Ignhpw {]m]vXnbpap≈h¿°v PohnX Ønsemcn°¬ lPvPpsNø¬ \n¿_‘amWv. C°mcyØnte °v hnc¬ Nq≠p∂ Jp¿B≥ kqIvXßƒ {i≤n°pI: "Xo¿®bm bpw a\pjy¿°ptz≠n kvYm]n°s∏´ H∂masØ Bcm[\ma µncw _°'1bn¬ D≈Xs{X; A\p{KloXambpw temI¿°v am¿ KZ¿i\ambpw. AXn¬ hyIvXamb ZrjvSm¥ßfp≠v; C_vdm low \n∂ kvYew. B¿ AhnsS {]thin°p∂pthm Ah≥ \n¿`b\mbncn°p∂XmWv. B aµncØn¬ FØnt®cm≥ Ignhp ≈ a\pjy¿ AXnte°v Xo¿∞mS\w \SØ¬ Ah¿°v A√m lpthmSp≈ _m[yXbmIp∂p. h√h\pw Ahnizkn°p∂ ]£w A√mlp temIcpsS B{iban√mØh\mIp∂p.-'2 a‰p aXßfpsS Xo¿Y-bm{XIfn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw `n∂amWv Ckvemanse lPvPv. alm∑mcpsS ihIpSocßfntet°m Ah¿ Bcm[n°s∏Sp∂ kvYeßfntet°m D≈ bm{XsbbmWv ]e aXßfpw Xo¿Y-bm{Xbmbn ImWp∂Xv. Ckvemw ITn\ambn 1.- "a°'-bp-sS as‰m-cp- t]cm-Wv- "_°'2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 96, 97

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

218

\ntcm[n®n´p≈ _lpssZhmcm[\bpambn _\v[s∏´ I¿aß fmWv {]kvXpX Xo¿Y-b-m{XIfn¬ ]eXnepapƒs°m≈p∂Xv. lPvPmIs´ GIssZhmcm[\°v th≠n BZyambn \n¿an°s∏´ aµncØnte°p≈ bm{XbmWv. AhnsS \n¿hln°s∏Sp∂Xv GI\mb {kjvSmhn\v am{Xap≈ Bcm[\bmWv. AhnSsØ I¿aßƒ GIssZhmcm[\°v th≠n \nesIm≠Xn\m¬ XymK ßƒ klnt°≠nh∂ alØp°fpsS kvacW ]pXp°pI hgn {]kvXpX am¿KØn¬ kzbw ka¿∏n°m≥ apkvenwIƒ°v {]tNmZ\amIp∂p. GIssZhmcm[\bpsS {]NmcI\mbn Pohn°pIbpw {]kvXp X am¿KØn¬ Gsd XymKw kln°pIbpw ssZhØns≥d ]co £Wßfnse√mw hnPbn°pIbpw sNbvXv "ssZhtXmg≥' F∂ A]c\maØn\v A¿l\mb C_vdmlow \_n(A)bpsS Pohn XØnse hyXykvX kw`hßfpambn _\v[s∏´XmWv lPvPn se {][m\ I¿aßsf√mw. hn{Klhn¬]\°mcs≥d aI\mbn P\n® At±lw hn{Klmcm[\bpsS A¿Y-an√mbvasb°pdn®v kz¥w ]nXmhnt\mSv kwkmcn°pI hgn kzKrlØn¬ \n∂v ]pdØm°s∏´p. \m´n¬ \SamSnbncp∂ hn{Kl]qPs°Xnsc bpw kzbw ssZhambn Na™ncp∂ \wdqZv cmPmhns≥d ZnhyXz \mSyØns\Xnscbpw iIvXamb {]XnIcn°pI hgn kz¥w \m´n ¬ At±lw A\`naX\mbn. hn{Kl]qPsb FXn¿Øpsh∂ ImcWØm¬ kz¥w kaqlsamcp°nb AKv\nIpWvTØn¬ At±lw Fdnbs∏´p. _lpssZhhnizmknIsfmcp°nb NnXbn ¬ \n∂v AXy¤pXIcambn At±lsØ A√mlp c£s∏Sp Øn. hm¿≤IyØn¬ X\n°p≠mb Ip™ns\bpw `mcysbbpw BƒXmakan√mØ a°macp`qanbn¬ Dt]£n®pt]mcWsa∂ ssZhØns≥d BPvR A\pkcn°pI hgn GXp hn[Ønep≈ XymKØn\pw Xm≥ XbmdmsW∂v At±lw sXfnbn®p. Xt∂m sSm∏w klmbn°m≥ {]mbamb GIaI\mbncp∂ Ckvam-Cuen s\ ssZham¿KØn¬ _enbdp°Wsa∂ I¬]-\bp≠mbt∏m ƒ H´pw ssha\kyan√msX AXv A\pkcn°m\t±lw Xbmdm bn. {]kvXpX ]co£WØnepw hnPbn® At±ltØmSv aIs\ _enbdpt°≠Xns√∂pw ]Icw Hcp BSns\ AdpØm¬ aXn

lPvPv

219

sb∂pw ssZhw I¬]n®p. Cßs\ Xs≥d PohnXsØbpw IpSpw _sØbpsa√mw {kjvSmhn\v ka¿∏n°pI hgn ssZhkmao]y Øn\v A¿l\mb alm\mb C{_mloan(A)s≥d amXrI ]n¥p Scm\mWv hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ a\pjytcmSv Blzm\w sNøp∂Xv. "kZvhrØ\mbns°m≠v Xs≥d apJsØ A√mlphn\v Iogvs∏ SpØpIbpw t\¿am¿KØnepd®p \n∂psIm≠v C_vdmloans≥d am¿KsØ ]n¥pScpIbpw sNbXht\°mƒ DØa aX°mc≥ Bcp≠v? A√mlp C_vdmloans\ kplrØmbn kzoIcn®ncn °p∂p.-'1 Cßs\bp≈ C_vdmlow \_n(A)bpsS kvacWbp≠m°p I hgn XymKØn\pw A¿∏WØn\pw P\ßsf k∂≤am°pI bmWv lPvPnse I¿aßƒ sNøp∂Xv. lPvPns≥d tI{µamb a°bnse IAv_m tZhmebw GIssZhmcm[\°pth≠n BZy ambn kvYm]n°s∏´ tKlamsW∂p ]d™pht√m. Cu tKl sØ Np‰nbmbncp∂p a\pjyNcn{Xamcw`n®Xv F∂v A`n{]mb ap≈ Ncn{X]finX∑mcp≠v. skan‰nIv kwkvImcØns≥d {]mcw`tI{µw a°bmbncp∂psh∂v `mjm]finX∑mcn¬ ]ecpw A`n{]mbs∏´n´p≠v. GXmbncp∂mepw hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ a°m ]´WsØ "]´WßfpsS amXmhv' (DΩp¬ Jpdm) F∂mWv hnfn®ncn°p∂Xv. CXn¬ \n∂v \mKcnIXIfpsS Bhn¿`mhw a°m]´Whpambn _\v [ s∏´mWv D≠mbn´p≈sX∂mWv a\ nem°p∂Xv. AXpsIm≠p Xs∂bmhWw GIssZhmcm [\°pth≠n \n¿an°s∏´ BZysØ tKlw a°bnembXv. Cu tKlØn\v ]‰nb tISp]mSpIƒ Xo¿°pIbpw ]p\cp≤cn°p Ibpw sNøpIbmWv C_vdmlow (A) sNbvXXv. lPvPnse I¿aßsf√mw a\pjykmtlmZcysØbpw kaXz sØbpw {]Xn\n[oIcn°pIbpw ssZht_m[hpw XymKk∂≤ Xbpw hf¿ØpIbpw sNøp∂p. Zp¬lPvPv amkw F´mw XobXn apX¬°mcw`n°p∂ lPv P pI¿aßƒ ]Xnaqt∂mSpIqSn Ahkm\n°p∂p. Hcp Xo¿Y-mSI≥ lPvPn¬ {]thin°p∂Xv Clvdman¬ {]thin°p∂tXmSpIqSnbmWv. hyXykvX kvYeß fn¬ \ns∂Øp∂h¿°v hnhn[ kvYeßƒ Clvdman\p th≠n 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 125

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

220

\nivNbn°s∏´n´p≠v. Clvdman¬ {]thin® ]pcpj≥ Hcp ap≠v DSp°pIbpw as‰m∂v ]pX°pIbpw sNøphm≥ am{Xta ]mSp≈q. a‰p hkv{Xßƒ D]tbmKn°phm≥ ]mSn√. kv{XobmIs´ apJ hpw ap≥ssIbpsamgn® `mKßsf√mw ad®ncn°Ww. lPvPn¬ {]thin®p Ign™h¿ "\mYm, Rm\nXm \ns≥d k∂n[m\Øn ¬. \n\°v ]¶pImcn√. F√m kvXpXnbpw A\p{Klßfpw cmP Xzhpw \n\°p≈XmWv' F∂v Bh¿Øn®p ]d™psIm≠ncn °p∂p. Clvdmw, Ad^bnse HØptNc¬, IAv_m {]Z£nWw, k^m a¿hm Ip∂pIƒ°nSbnse Hm´w, apSnsbSp°¬, apkvZen ^bnse cm]-m¿°¬, an\mbnse It√dv, an\mbns e cm]-m¿°¬, hnShmß¬ {]Z£nWw XpSßnb I¿aßfnse√mw ssZhØn\v kIeXpw ka¿∏n°p∂Xn\p≈ k∂≤XbpsS {]IS\ßfm Wp≈Xv. AXpsIm≠p Xs∂ lPvPvI¿aw Ignbp∂tXmSpIqSn GsXmcmfpw ]ivNmØm]t_m[ap≈h\pw ]m]hncIvX\pambn amdp∂p. lvPvPv Ignbp∂tXmSpIqSn Abmƒ ap≥Ime]m]ßfn ¬ \n∂v apIvXn t\Sp∂p. {]khn°s∏´ Ip™ns\t∏mse \njv If¶\mbn amdp∂p. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p: "hm°ntem {]hr Ønbntem A«oew hcmsXbpw sXΩmSnØw {]h¿Øn°m sXbpw Bsc¶nepw A√mlphn\v lPvPv sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ amXmhns≥d hb‰n¬\n∂p ]nd∂p hoW ZnhkØnse∂ t]msebmbncn°pw'.-1 lPvPv \S°p∂ Zp¬l÷v amkambm¬ temIapkvenwIfpsS sb√mw {i≤mtI{µambn a°m]´Ww amdp∂p. ssZh\maw D®cn °p∂ e£°W°mb apkvenwIƒ a°bn¬ HØptNcp∂p. Htc thjw, Htc kzcw. a\ n¬ ssZht_m[w am{Xw. Np≠n¬ ssZhkvtXm{Xßƒ. ChnsS D®\oNXzßfn√. tZiobXbpsS bpw {]mtZinIXbpsSbpw AXn¿hcºpIfn√. IdpØh\pw shfpØh\pw XΩn¬ A¥cßsfm∂pan√. apXemfnbpw sXmgn emfnbpw XssYh. F√mhcpw Htc thjØn¬ k¿hiIvXs≥d kvXpXnIo¿Ø\ßfme]n®psIm≠v Htc I¿aßƒ sNøp∂p. ChnsS Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂ kmtlmZcyØns≥d {]ISnXcq]w \ap°v ZriyamIp∂p. AtXmsSm∏w F√m a\pjycpw Hcpan®p IqSp∂ ]ctemIsØ hnNmcW\mfns\°pdn®v t_m[w F√mh

lPvPv

221

cnepap≠m°phm\pw Cu HØptNc¬ DXIp∂p. lPvPpt]meØs∂bp≈ Hcp ]pWyI¿aamWv Dwd. GI tZiw lPvPnse I¿aßƒ Xs∂bmWv Ddwbnepap≈Xv. CXv kab_\v[nXa√. Ft∏mƒ thWsa¶nepw \n¿hln°mhp ∂XmWv. lPvPneqsS t\SnsbSp°p∂ BXvahnip≤n AXnalØc amWvv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: "lPvPv Imew Adnbs∏´ amkßfm Ip∂p. B amkßfn¬ Bsc¶nepw lPvPv I¿aØn¬ {]thin ®m¬ ]n∂oSvv kv{Xo]pcpjkwk¿Ktam Zp¿hrØntbm hgt°m lPvPn∂nSbn¬ ]mSp≈X√. \nßƒ GsXmcp k¬{]hrØn sNbvXncp∂meqw A√mlp AXdnbp∂h\mWv. (lPvPn\v t]m hptºmƒ) \nßƒ bm{X°p≈ hn`hßƒ Hcp°nt∏mhpI. F∂m¬ bm{X°pth≠ hn`hßfn¬ G‰hpw DØaambXv kq£vaXbmIp∂p. _p≤nimenIsf, \nßsfs∂ kq£n®p Pohn°pI.-'1

1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 197

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

]-Xn-t\-gvCkvemanI PohnXw {]]©Ønse cmk]Zm¿Y-ßfpsS ]cnWma{]h¿Ø\ß ƒ°nSbn¬ FhnsStbm sh®v cq]w sIm≠ Hcp k¶o¿WkwbpIvXw am{XamWv `uXnIhmZØns≥d ho£WØnse a\pjy≥. Cu k¶¬]Øn\v a\pjy\n¬ am{Xw \n£n]vXambn cn°p∂ _m[yXIsftbm a‰p ssPhnIhpw AssPhnIhpamb hkvXp°fn¬ \n∂v hyXykvXambn Ahs≥d AkvXnXzØn s≥d A]mcamb km[yXIsftbm Ipdn® t_m[w hf¿Øm≥ km[n°pIbn√. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ `uXnIhmZw {]mtbmKn IXeØn¬ P\ßsf X∂njvSw {]h¿Øn°p∂hcm°n am‰p ∂p. kzm`mhnIamb aqey\ncmkØn∂v AXp \nanØamIp∂p. AXpaqew a\pjy≥ Ahs≥d DZmØ`mhw ssIshSn™v ss]imNnI`mhw {]m]n°p∂p. a\pjy\n¬ hf¿∂phcp∂ ss]imNnIKpWßsf°pdn®v ]et∏mgpw "arKobX'sb∂v {]tbmKn°mdp≠v. Cu {]tbmKw icnb√. Al¶mchpw Akqb bpw AXym{Klhpw Im]Syhpw h©\pbpsam∂pw P¥pklN amb KpWßf√. Ah ss]imNnI KpWßfmWv. ]nimNn¬ \n∂p≠mhp∂ KpWßƒ! a\pjy≥ DZmØ\mbn ae°pIƒ°v kam\\mhpIbmWv th≠sX∂v ]dbs∏Smdp≠v. CXpw icnbmb Hcp {]tbmKa√. a\pjy\v Hcn°epw ae°pIƒ°v kam\amIm≥ Ignbn√. a\pjys\ amemJbm°p∂psh∂hImis∏Sp∂ ]ptcmlnXaX

CkvemanI PohnXw

223

ßƒ bYm¿Y-Øn¬ a\pjys\∂ \nebv°v \n¿hln°s∏tS ≠p∂ `mKt[bw \n¿hln°p∂Xn¬ \n∂v hyIvXnIsf XS ™p\n¿ØpI am{XamWv sNøp∂Xv. CXv a\pjy\nse am\hn IXsb XI¿°p∂Xn∂v \nanØamIp∂p. c≠pXcw AkvXnXzßfpsS ka\zbamWv a\pjy≥. H∂v Hcp arKØns≥d AkvXnXzhpw at‰Xv ssZhØn¬ \n∂v a\pjy \v am{Xw e`n® Zm\amb BXvamhns≥d AkvXnXzhpamWv. Cu c≠p AkvXnXzßfpw ]ckv]chncp≤amsW∂ Nn¥mKXn CØcw c≠v AkvXnXzßƒ Xs∂bns√∂ hmZsØ t]mse Øs∂ A_≤amWv. Cu A_≤amWv ]ptcmlnX aXßfpsS ASnkvYm\ambn h¿Øn°p∂Xv. a\pjys≥d BflobZmlw `uXnItNmZ\IfpsS kºq¿W \ncmkØneqsS am{Xsa ian∏n°s∏SpIbp≈qsh∂p ]d™ aXßfpsS ]cmPbØn\p ≈ ImcWhpw as‰m∂pa√. P¥pklPamb hnImcßfpw tNmZ \Ifpw Bflobamb Ahs≥d Bhiyßfpw ka\zbn∏n°s∏ Sptºmƒ am{Xsa Hcp ]q¿W\mb a\pjy≥ DcpØncnbpIbp ≈q. hyXncnIvXhpw khntijhpamb AkvXnXzap≈ PohnbmWv a\pjys\∂mWv Ckvemans≥d A[ym]\w. ktNX\hpw AtN X\hpamb as‰√m hkvXp°fn¬ \n∂pw XnI®pw hyXykvX amb AkvXnXzamWv a\pjy\p≈Xv. a\pjykrjvSn°p ]n∂n¬ AXnalØmsbmcp e£yap≠v. `qanbnse Jeo-^bmWv a\p jy≥. kzX{¥amb ssIImcy I¿XrXzhpw A[oim[nImcßfp ap≈ GI Pohn. {]]©sØ D]tbmKn°phm\pw {]IrXnsb kzm[o\n°phm\pw Ignbp∂ Htcsbmcp krjvSn. {]IrXn°\p kcn®v am{Xw \ne\n¬°m≥ Ignbp∂ a\ptjyXc krjvSnIn¬ \n∂v hyXykvXamb, kzX{¥amb ssIImcyI¿XrXzsa∂ DØchmZnØw (Aam\Øv) \¬Is∏´ GI krjvSnbs{X a\p jy≥. BImißfpw `qanbpw ]¿hXßfpsa√mw Xs∂ Gs‰Sp °m≥ hnkΩXn® alØmb hnizkvXZuXyw Gs‰SpØh\m bmWv Jp¿B≥ a\pjys\ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂Xv.1 {]IrXnbn 1. Jp¿-B≥- 33: 72

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

224

se as‰√m hkvXp°fpw ssZhnIamb I¬]\Isf kzm`mhnI ambn ]q¿ØoIcn°ptºmƒ, Xs≥d CjvSØn\\pkcn®v ssZhn II¬]\Iƒ kzoIcn°pItbm XnckvIcn°pItbm sNøm\p ≈ kzmX{¥yw \¬Is∏´ GI PohnbmWv a\pjy≥. "Aam\ Øv' \¬Is∏´ncn°p∂ "`qanbnse Jeo^'sb∂v Ckvemw Ah s\ ]cnNbs∏SpØptºmƒ CXmWpt±in°p∂Xv. kzX{¥amb IgnhpIfneqsS kz¥w `mKt[bw \n¿Wbn°phm≥ Ahkcw \¬Is∏´ncn°p∂ GIPohnbmb a\pjy\v B IgnhpIsf krjvSn]cambn D]tbmKn®v PohnX hnPbw t\SpItbm \miI cambn D]tbmKn®v \jvSw ]‰nbh\mbn amdpItbm sNømw. a\pjy≥ ssZhnIam¿KZ¿i\ {]Imcw Pohn°ptºmgmWv a\pjyXzØns≥d ]q¿Wamb {]Imi\w km[yamhpIsb∂m Wv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. a\pjys≥d ssPhnIamb Bh iyßƒ ]q¿ØoIcn°s∏Sp∂tXmsSm∏w Bflmhns≥d DZm ØoIcWw Fßs\ km[n°msa∂mWv {]hmNI≥ Xs≥d PohnØneqsS ]Tn∏n®pX∂Xv. P¥pklPamb hnImcßsf sbm∂pw AhKWn°msX Xs∂ Ahsb Fßs\ am\hoIcn °msa∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. a\pjy {]IrXnbpambn \qdp iXam\w tbmPn®p t]mhp∂ aXamWv Ckvemw F∂p ]dbptºmƒ CXmWv A¿Y-am°p∂Xv. `£Ww Ign°pIsb∂Xv a\pjys≥d P¥pklPam-b Hcp BhiyamWv. Cu BiyØns≥d ]q¿ØoIcWw Ahs≥d Poh ≥ \ne\n¿Øm≥- A\nhmcyhpamWv. F∂m¬ hni∏ns≥d ia\ Øn\p th≠n GXp `£Whpw Ign°phm≥ a\pjy\v ]‰ptam? Cs√∂mWpØcw. `£WkºmZ\Ønepw D]tbmKØnepw D]t`mKØnepsa√mw P¥p°fn¬ \n∂v hyXykv X ambn a\pjy≥ Nne \nbaßƒ A\pkcnt°≠Xps≠∂v Ahs≥d B-¥cmflmhv Aht\mSv ]dbp∂p. A\ycpsS kºØv sIm≈ bSn°cpXv F∂ t_m[w a\pjys≥d am{Xw {]tXyIXbmWv. as‰mcp Pohnbpw Xm≥ `£n°p∂Xv A\yt≥dXmtWmsb∂v ]cntim[n°mdn√. `£n°pIsb∂ P¥pklPamb Bhiy hpw A\yt≥dXmhm≥ ]mSns√∂ Bflmhns≥d B{Klhpw ka\zbn°ptºmƒ A[zm\n®v `£Ww kºmZn°pIsb∂

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Bibw \n¿≤cn°s∏Sp∂p. CXmWv XZvhnjbIamb am\hn IX. a\pjys≥d PohnXhyhlmcßfn¬ apgph≥ Cu am\hnI \ne]mSv kzoIcn°phm\mWv Ckvemans≥-d A\pimk\. Hcmƒ°v ASnkvYm\]cambn aq∂pXcw _m[yXIfmWp ≈Xv. {kjvSmhnt\mSpw CXc krjvSnItfmSpw Xt∂mSp Xs∂ bpw D≈ _m[yXIfmWnh. Cu _m[yXIƒ \ndth‰p∂Xn eqsS Hcmƒ a\pjyXzØns≥d DZmØamb `mhw {]m]n°p∂p. AYhm ]q¿W\mb Hcp apkvenw BbnØocp∂p. \sΩ ]S°pIbpw ]cn]men®psIm≠ncn°pIbpw sNøp∂ ]S®Xºpcmt\mSmWv BZyambn a\pjy¿°v _m[yXIfp≈Xv. A√mlphns≥d kØbntem KpWßfntem {]h¿Ø\ßfn tem a‰mscbpw ]¶ptN¿°mXncn°pIbpw Ahs\ am{Xw Bcm [n°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v Ah≥ \¬Inb A\p{Klßƒ°v IrXPvRX {]ISn∏n°p∂XneqsSbmWv Cu _m[yX \ndth‰ s∏tS≠Xv. ssZhimk\Iƒ A\pkcn®psIm≠v Pohn°p∂ XneqsS ssZhm\p{Klßƒ°v \µn {]Imin∏n°phm\pw AtXm sSm∏w Xs∂ kz¥w PohnXsØ hnaeoIcn°pI hgn [\yam °phm\pw a\pjy¿°v Ignbp∂p. Ckvemanse Bcm[\Iƒ C°mcyw {]ISam°p∂p. A-©p-t\-c-sØ- \-a-kv-Im-cw- A-h-s\sX-‰p-If - n¬- \n-∂v- ap-IX v- a - m-°p-∂p.- kImØv Ahs\ hn\bm\znX \pw A≤zm\ioe\pam°p∂p. {h-Xm\pjvTm\w Ah\n¬ Bfl ka¿∏WØn\p≈ k∂≤X hf¿Øp∂p. lPvPv Ah\n¬ ssZham¿KØn¬ {]h¿Øn°phm\p≈ B-thiap≠m°p∂p. {]]©{kjvSmhn∂p≈ kºq¿Wamb ka¿∏-Whpw Ahs≥d ZqX∂p≈ \ncp]m[nIamb A\pkcWhpamWv Ckv e mw. AXmWv h{IXbn√mØ aXw.1 hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI: "IogvhW°w A√m lphn\v am{Xam°ns°m≠v EPpa\kvIcmb \nebn¬ Ahs\ Bcm[n°phm\pw \akvImcw \ne\n¿Øphm\pw kI-mØv \¬Iphm\pa√msX AhtcmSv I¬]n°s∏´n´n√'-. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p: "Rm≥ sIm≠phcp∂Xns∂√mw 1. Jp¿-B≥- 98: 5

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\nßfpsS CNvO hgßp∂Xphsc \nßfmcpw Xs∂ hnizmkn IfmhpIbn√.-'1 a\pjy¿ XΩn¬ Fßs\ h¿Øn°Wsa∂pw kz¥tØmSv \oXn]men®psIm≠v Fßs\ Pohn°Wsa∂psa√mw Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂p≠v. hyIvXnbn¬ hf¿∂phtc≠ KpWßfmbn hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw \_nNcybpw ]Tn∏n® Imcyßsf√mw Ah s≥d am\hnIXsb {]tim`n∏n°m\pXIp∂XmWv. ss]imNn IKpWßfmbn Jp¿B\pw \_nNcybpw FÆnb Imcyßfn¬ \n∂v Hgn™p\n¬°p∂Xv hyIvXnbpsSbpw kaqlØns≥dbp sa√mw \∑°v AXy¥mt]£nXamWv. Hcp apkvenans≥d PohnXsØ hnaeoIcn°p∂Xv "kq£vaX' (XJvh)bmWv. ssZh`bØn¬ \n∂mWv kq£vaX DSseSp°p∂ Xv. {]]©amkIew krjvSn®p ]cn]men®p sIm≠ncn°p∂ A√mlphns≥d A]mcamb A\p{Klßsf A\p`hn®psIm≠v Pohn°p∂hcpsS- _m[yXbmWv Ahs≥d \nba\n¿tZßƒ A\pkcn®p Pohn°pIsb∂Xv. Cßs\ A\pkcn®p Pohn°p I hgn A√mlphns≥d sFlnIhpw ]mc{XnIhpamb in£bv °pw tIm]Øn\pw ]m{XamhmsX kzicocsØ ImØpkq£n °phm≥ a\pjy¿°v km[n°p∂p. Cu kq£vaXbmWv a\pjy sc hnaeoIcn°p∂Xv. "kq£vaX'(XJvh)bneqsS apgp PohnX hpw sX‰pIp‰ßfn¬ \n∂p apIvam°phm\pw Aßs\ ssZh{]o Xn°v ]m{Xambns°m≠v kz¿K{]thiØn\v A¿lcmIphm\p amWv hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ Bhiys∏Sp∂Xv. hnizmkßfpw I¿a ßfpw ssZh{]oXn°\pkrXambn ]cnh¿Øn∏n°pIbpw AK XnIsf klmbn°pIbpw Icm¿ ]men°pIbpw £an°pIbpw \oXn]men°pIbpw kXyk‘X ]pe¿ØpIbpw ]tcm]Imcw sNøpIbpw [m¿anIambn Pohn°pIbpw kaqlØns≥-d \∑°p th≠n {]h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøp∂sX√mw XJvhbn¬ Dƒs∏ Sp∂p. C∆njbIamb GXm\pw Jp¿B≥ kqIvXßfpw {]hmNI hN\ßfpw {i≤n°pI: 2. _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw-

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"kXyhnizmknItf, \nßƒ A√mlpsh kq£nt°≠ apd {]Imcw kq£n°pI. \nßƒ apkvenwIfmbns°m≠√msX acn°m\nSbmIcpXv'.-1 "A√mlphnepw A¥yZn\Ønepw ae°pIfnepw thZ{KŸ Ønepw {]hmNI∑mcnepw hnizkn°pIbpw kzØnt\mSv {]nbap ≠mbn´pw AXv _‘p°ƒ°pw A\mYIƒ°pw AKXnIƒ°pw hgnt]m°\pw tNmZn®phcp∂h¿°pw ASnatamN\Øn\pw \¬ IpIbpw {]m¿Y-\ apd{]Imcw \n¿hln°pIbpw kImØv \¬ IpIbpw Icmdnte¿s∏´m¬ AXv \ndth‰pIbpw hnjaXIfpw ZpcnXßfpw t\cnSptºmgpw bp≤cwKØpw £assIs°mfpI bpw sNbvXhcmtcm AhcmIp∂p ]pWyhmf∑m¿. AhcmIp∂p kXyw ]men®h¿. Ah¿ Xs∂bmIp∂p kq£vaXbp≈h¿'2 "\nßƒ A√mlphns\ Bcm[n°pIbpw Aht\mSv bmsXm ∂pw ]¶p tN¿°mXncn°pIbpw amXm]nXm°tfmSv \√ \nebn ¬ h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpI. _‘p°tfmSpw A\mYItfmSpw ]mhßtfmSpw IpSpw__‘ap≈ Ab¬°mtcmSpw A\ycmb Ab¬°mtcmSpw klhmknItfmSpw hgnt]m°t\mSpw \nßfp sS heXp ssIIƒ DSas∏SpØnb ASnaItfmSpw \√ \nebn¬ h¿Øn°pI-.-'3 "\nßƒ \oXn ]men°pI. AXmWv [¿a\njvTtbmSv G‰hpw ASpØXv. \nßƒ A√mlphns\ kq£n°pI.-'4 "kXyhnizmknItf, \nßƒ A√mlpsh kq£n°pIbpw kXyhm∑mcpsS Iq´Øn¬ Bbncn°pIbpw sNøpI.-'5 "\nßƒ kXyw ]dbWw. F¥psIms≠∂m¬ kXyw ]pWy Ønte°pw ]pWyw kz¿KØnte°pw FØn°p∂p. a\pjy≥ kXyw ]dbpIbpw kXyw ioen°pIbpw sNbvXm¬ A√mlphn s≥d ASp°¬ kXyhm≥ F∂v FgpXs∏Spw.-'6 "XßfpsS A\maØpIfpw IcmdpIfpw ]men°p∂hcpw 1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 102 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 177 3. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 36 4. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 8 5. Jp¿-B≥- 9: 119 6. ap-kv-enw-

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XßfpsS \akvImcßƒ IrXyambn A\pjvTn°p∂hcpas{X (B hnizmknIƒ).-'1 "£a ssIs°m≈p∂hcpw kXyw ]men°p∂hcpw `b`Iv Xnbp≈hcpw sNehgn°p∂hcpw cm{XnbpsS A¥ybmaßfn¬ ]m]tamN\w tXSp∂hcpamIp∂p Ah¿ (kXyhnizmknIƒ).'2 "kt¥mjmhkvYbnepw hnjamhkvYbnepw Zm\[¿aßƒ sNøpIbpw tIm]w HXp°nsh°pIbpw a\pjy¿°v am∏p \¬ IpIbpw sNøp∂h¿°p th≠n(bp≈XmIp∂p kz¿Kw). k¬° ¿aImcnIsf A√mlp kvt\ln°p∂p.-'3 "£a ssIs°m≠h¿°v Ah¿ {]h¿Øn®psIm≠ncn°p∂ Xn¬ G‰hpw DØaambXn\v A\pkrXambn Ah¿°p≈ {]Xn ^ew \mw \¬IpI Xs∂ sNøpw.-'4 "\nßƒ in£m\S]Sn kzoIcn°pIbmsW¶n¬ (FXncmfn bn¬ \n∂v) \nßfpsS t\scbp≠mb in£m\S]Sn°v Xpeyam b \S]Sn \nßƒ kzoIcn®psIm≈pI. \nßƒ £an°pIbm sW¶ntem AXp Xs∂bmWv £amioe¿°v IqSpX¬ DØaw.'5 "Ah¿ A√mlphnepw A¥yZn\Ønepw hnizkn°pIbpw kZmNmcw I¬]n°pIbpw ZpcmNmcØn¬ \n∂p hne°pIbpw \√ Imcyßfn¬ AXyp¬kmlw ImWn°pIbpw sNøpw. Ah¿ kPvP\ßfn¬ s]´hcmIp∂p.-'6 "]pWyØnepw [¿a\njvTbnepw \nßƒ At\ym\yw klm bn°pI. ]m]Ønepw AXn{IaØnepw \nßƒ At\ym\yw klIcn°cpXv. \nßƒ A√mlphns\ kq£n°pI.-'7 "kXyhnizmknIƒ (]ckv]cw) ktlmZcßƒ Xs∂bmIp ∂p. AXn\m¬ \nßfpsS c≠p ktlmZcßƒ°nSbn¬ \nßƒ cRvPn∏p≠m°pI. \nßƒ A√mlphns\ kq£n°pIbpw sNøpI. \nßƒ°v ImcpWyw e`nt®°mw.-'8 1. Jp¿-B≥- 23: 8, 9 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 17 3. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 134 4. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 96 5. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 126 6. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 114 7. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 2 8. Jp¿-B≥- 49: 10

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"Xßƒ°v Zmcn{Zyap≠mbm¬t]mepw kztZlßtf°mƒ a‰p ≈h¿°v Ah¿ {]m[m\yw \¬IpIbpw sNøpw. GsXmcmƒ Xs≥d a\ ns≥d ]nip°n¬ \n∂v ImØpc£n°s∏´pthm AØc°m¿ Xs∂bmIp∂p hnPbw {]m]n®Xv.-'1 aplΩZv \_n (k) ]d™p: "k¬kz`mhßfpsS ]q¿ØoIc WØn\mWv Rm≥ \ntbmKn°s∏ńcn°p∂Xv.-'2 "ImcpWyw FSpØpam‰s∏SpI lX`mKy\n¬ \n∂p am{X amWv.-'3 "Hcmƒ Xs‚ ktlmZcs≥d Akm∂n[-yØn¬ AbmfpsS A`nam\ kwc£WØn\p th≠n {]bXv\n®m¬ Abmsf \cI hnapIvX\m°¬ A√mlphns≥d _m[yXbmbn.-'4 "krjvSnIƒ A√mlphns≥d B{inXcmWv. Xs≥d B{inX¿ °v D]Imcw sNbvXpsImSp°p∂hcmWv A√mlphn\v G‰hpw CjvSs∏´h¿.-'5 ssZhZqX≥ A«oew ]dbpItbm \oNhrØnbnte¿s∏SpI tbm AßmSnIfn¬ tImemleap≠m°pItbm sNbvXncp∂n√. Xn∑sb Xn∑sIm≠v t\cnńcp∂Xpan√. adn®v am∏p \¬IpIbpw hn´phogvN ImWn°pIbpamWv sNbvXncp∂Xv.'6 "\_n(k) tcmKnIsf kµ¿in°pIbpw aønØns\ kwkvI cn°phm≥ sIm≠pt]mhptºmƒ A\pKan°pIbpw ASnaIfpsS £Ww kzoIcn°pIbpw IgpX∏pdØv bm{X sNøpIbpw sNbv Xncp∂p.-'7 "A_vZp√mln_v\p lmcnkv (d) ]dbp∂p: "ssZhZqXt\ °mƒ (k) A[nIambn ]p©ncn XqIp∂ Hcmsfbpw Rm≥ I≠nń√.-'8 "ePvP KpWa√msX hcpØpIbn√.-'9 1. Jp¿-B≥- 59: 9 2. am-en-Iv,- Alv-aZv3.- Alv-aZv-,- Xp¿-ap-Zn4.- ss_lJn5.- ss_lJn6.- Xp¿-ap-Zn7.- ss_lJn,- C_v-\p-am-P 8.- Xp¿-apZn9.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw-

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"]pWyw k¬kz`mhamWv; ]m]w \ns≥d lrZbØn¬ kwi bw tXm∂pIbpw P\ßƒ ImWp∂Xv \o CjvSs∏SmXncn°pI bpw sNøp∂ ImctatXm AXmWv.-'1 "kXyhnizmkn kmXznI\pw am\y\pambncn°pw. ssZh[n°m cn h©I\pw am\yXbn√mØh\pambncn°pw.-'2 "a¬]nSpØØn¬ A]cs\ X≈nbnSp∂XneqsSb√ iIvX s\ Xocpam\nt°≠Xv. tZjyw hcptºmƒ kz¥w a\ ns\ Iogvs∏SpØp∂h\mWv iIvX≥.-'3 "hn¬°ptºmgpw hmßptºmgpw ISw sImSpØXv Xncn®p tNmZn°ptºmgpw hn´phogvNm a\kvYnXn ImWn°p∂ a\pjy t\mSv A√mlp IcpW sNøs´.-'4 "\nßfmcpw Ah\h\v CjvSs∏Sp∂Xv kzktlmZc∂pw CjvSs∏Sp∂Xphsc bYm¿Y- hnizmknbmhpIbn√.'5 "G‰hpw t{ijvTamb kacw A{Ianbmb `cWm[nImcnbpsS apºn¬ \oXnbpsS hm°p ]dbemWv.-'6 "\o Idn ]mIw sNøptºmƒ Ipd®[nIw sh≈w \oń Ab¬ °mcs\bpw ]cnKWn°pI.-'7 "\Ωn¬ sNdnbht\mSv IcpW ImWn°mØh\pw henbh s\ BZcn°mØh\pw \ΩpsS Iq´Øne√ Dƒs∏SpI.-'8 "A\phZ\obamb kºmZ\ am¿Kw At\zjnt°≠Xv _m[y X°v tijap≈ _m[yXbmWv.-'9 "£atb°mƒ DØahpw hnimehpamb Hcp Zm\w Hcmƒ°pw \¬Is∏ńń√.-'10 "A√mlp \nßfpsS cq]Øntet°m kºØntet°m A√ 1.- ap-kv-enw2.- Alv-aZv,- Xp¿-ap-Zn,- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv3.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw4.- _p-Jm-cn5.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw6.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- Xp¿-ap-Zn7.- ap-kv-enw8.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- Xp¿-ap-Zn9.- ss_lJn10.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw-

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t\m°p∂Xv. Ah≥ t\m°p∂Xv \nßfpsS a\ nte°pw {]h¿ Ø\ßfnte°pamWv.-'1 "\n\°v BtcmKyap≠mbncn°pIbpw \ns∂ ]nip°v _m[n °pIbpw \o Zmcn{ZysØ `bs∏SpIbpw kº∂Xsb Imw£n °pIbpw sNøp∂ L´Øn¬ \o sNøp∂ Zm\amWv G‰hpa[n Iw {]Xn^-ew e`n°p∂ Zm\w.'2 "Pohn®ncn°p∂ ImeØv Hcp Zn¿lw Zm\w sNøp∂Xv acn °m≥ t\cØv \qdp Zn¿lw Zm\w sNøp∂Xnt\°mƒ F{Xtbm DØamWv.-'3 "c≠p Imcyßƒ kXyhnizmknbn¬ Hcpan®pIqSpIbn√: ]nip°pw Zpxkz`mhhpw.4 "NXnb\pw ]nip°\pw sNbvX D]Imcßƒ FSpØp]dbp ∂h\pw kz¿KØn¬ {]thin°pIbn√.-'5 kz`mhßfnepw s]cpam‰Ønepw h-n-ip-≤-\pw- kw-kv-Ir-X-\pa-m-bncn°p∂tXmsSm∏w Xs∂ kz¥w icoctØmSp≈ _m[yX Iƒ \n¿hln°p∂h\mbncn°Ww apkvenw F∂mWv {]hmNI ≥ (k) ]Tn∏n®n´p≈Xv-. kzicocsØ AhKWn°pIbpw ]oUn ∏n°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≠v tam£w t\SpI F∂ k¶¬]w Ckveman\v Xo¿Øpw A\yamWv. Bcm[\mImcyßfn¬ am{Xw {i≤ sNepØnbncp∂ Awdp_v\p¬ Bkn(d)t\mSv {]hmNI≥ ]d™ Imcyw {it≤bamWv. "\o ]I¬ t\msºSp°pIbpw t\msºSp°mXncn°pIbpw sNøpI. cm{Xn DdßpIbpw \akvIcn°pIbpw sNøpI. ImcWw \ns≥d icoctØmSv \n\ °v _m[yXbp≠v. \ns≥d IÆpItfmSv \n\°v _m[yXbp≠v. \ns≥d `mcytbmSv \n\°v _m[yXbp≠vv. \ns≥d kµ¿i ItcmSpw \n\°v _m[yXbp≠v.-'6 `£WØns≥dbpw hkv{XØns≥dbpw hnt\mZßfpsSbp sa√mw ImcyØn¬ anXXzw ]men°phm\mWv {]hmNI≥ (k) 1.- ap-kv-enw2.- _pJm-cn,- ap-kv-enw3.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv4.- Xp¿-ap-Zn5.- Xp¿-ap-Zn6.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw-

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]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. Ah Xo¿Øpw Dt]£n®psIm≠v am{Xsa ssZh{]oXn IckvYam°phm≥ km[n°pIbp≈qsh∂ hnizmk Øn\pw `uXnIhn`hßfn¬ AXym¿Øn ImWn°p∂ AanX XzØn\pw as[y Ckvemans≥d anXXzw kvYnXnsNøp∂p. {]hm NI≥ (k) ]d™p. "a[yaambXmWv Imcyßfn¬ DØaw.-'1 `£W]m\obßfn¬ A√mlp \ntcm[n® NneXp≠.-v aZyw, ihw, ]∂namwkw, cIvXw, ssZh\maØne√msX Adp°s∏´Xv XpSßnbhbmWv \njn≤amb `£W]m\obßƒ. Ch D]tbm Kn°m≥ apkvenwIƒ°v ]mSn√mØXmIp∂p. AX√mØ `£y hkvXp°fn¬ \n∂v- DØaambXv `£n°phm\mWv Jp¿B \ns≥d I¬∏\. "a\pjytc, `qanbnep≈Xn¬ \n∂v- A\phZ \obhpw hninjvShpambXv \nßƒ `£n®psIm≈pI.-'2 "kXyhnizmknItf \nßƒ°v \mw \¬Inb hkvXp°fn¬ \n∂v hninjvSambXv `£n®psIm≈pI. A√mlpthmSv \nßƒ \µn ImWn°pIbpw sNøpI'.3 `£W ]m\obßfn¬ hninjvSambXv D]tbmKn°phm≥ I¬]-n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ AhbpsS D]tbmKØnep≈ AanXXz sØ hna¿in°pIbIpw sNøp∂p≠v. "\nßƒ Xn∂pIbpw IpSn °pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≈pI. F∂m¬ Zp¿hybw sNøcpXv. Zp¿ hybw sNøp∂hsc A√mlp CjvSs∏SpIbn√.-'4 a\pjy¿ am\yambn hkv{Xw [cn°Wsa∂mWv Ckveman s≥d I¬∏\. hkv{Xw \·X adbv-°phm\pw Ae¶mcØn\pap ≈XmWt√m. hyXykvX coXnIfn¬ AWnbmhp∂ hkv{Xßƒ A√mlphns≥d A\p{KlamsW∂mWv Jp¿B\ns≥d A[ym ]\w. "BZw k¥XnItf, \nßƒ°p \mw \nßfpsS \·\X adbv°m\pXIp∂ hkv{Xhpw Ae¶mchkv{Xhpw \¬Inbncn °p∂p. [¿a\njvTbmIp∂ hkv{XamIs´ AXmWv G‰hpw DØaw'5. "\nßsf NqSn¬ \n∂p ImØpc£n°p∂ DSp∏pIfpw \nßƒ 1.- ss_lJn2.- Jp¿-B≥- 2: 3.- Jp¿-B≥- 2: 4. Jp¿-B≥- 7: 5. Jp¿-B≥- 7:

168 172 31 26

CkvemanI PohnXw

233

At\ym\yw \SØp∂ B{IaWßfn¬ \n∂v \nßsf ImØpc £n°p∂ IhNßfpw Ah≥ \nßƒ°p \¬Inbncn°p∂p. A{]Imcw Ahs≥d A\p{Klw Ah≥ \nßƒ°v \ndth ‰nØcp∂p. \nßƒ (Ah∂v) Iogvs∏Sp∂Xn\v th≠n.'1 hkv{X[mcWØnse AanXXzsØbpw Al¶mcsØbpw Ckvemw hna¿in°p∂p≠v. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p. "\nßƒ Xn∂pIbpw IpSn°pIbpw [¿aw sNøpIbpw hkv{Xw [cn°pI bpw sNbvXpsIm≈pI;- AXncv Ihnbtem Al¶mctam Xo≠m tØStØmfw.'2 hkv{X[mcWØns≥d ]ca {][m\amb e£yw \·X ad °pIbmWv. kv{XoIfpsS \·Xm {]Z¿i\amWv kaqlØnse ssewKnIIp‰IrXyßfpsS {][m\s∏´ ImcWßfnsems∂∂v kmaqly imkv{XPvR∑m≥ hn[nsbgpXnbncn°p∂ C∂v Ckv emans≥d hkv{X[mcW k{ºZmbØns≥d {]kIvXn h¿[n®p hcnIbmWv. apJhpw ap≥ssIbpsamgn®v _m°n icoc`mKß sfm∂pw Xs∂ kv{Xo A\y]pcpj∑mcpsS apºn¬ {]Z¿in∏n° cpsX∂mWv Ckvemans≥d A[ym]\w. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n °p∂Xv ImWpI. "kXyhnizmkn\nItfmSpw AhcpsS ZrjvSn Iƒ XmgvØphm\pw AhcpsS Kplymhbhßƒ ImØpkq£n °phm\pw AhcpsS `wKnbn¬ \n∂v {]Xy£ambsXmgn®v as‰m ∂pw shfns∏SpØmXncn°phm\pw \o ]dbpI. AhcpsS a°\ Iƒ Ip∏m-bamdpIƒ°p aosX Ah¿ XmgvØnbn´psIm≈s´'3 {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p: "{]mb]q¿Ønbmb kv{XobpsS apJhpw ap≥ssIbpsamgn®p≈ icoc`mKßsfm∂pw ]pdØpIm Wp∂Xv icnb√.'4 am\knIhpw imcocnIhpamb D√mkØn\pXIp∂ hnt\mZ ßƒ Ckvemw A\phZn°pIbpw Ah Hcn°epw AXncpIhn bcpsX∂v \njvI¿jn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. ssZh-t_m[Øn¬ \n∂v a\pjysc AI‰pIbpw [m¿anIambn Ahsc A[x]Xn∏n 1. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 81 2.- Alv-aZv,- \km-Cu,- C_v-\p-am-P 3.- Jp¿-B≥- 24: 31 4.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

234

°pIb-pw sNøp∂ hnt\mZßtfm XamiItfm Ckvemw A\ph Zn°p∂n√. F∂m¬ am\knIhpw imcocnIhpamb D√mkØn\p XIp∂ hnt\mZßsf {]hmNI≥ (k) \ntcm[n®ncp∂ns√∂v ImWm\mhpw. sFlnIPohnXØns≥d Hcp {]tXyIXbmbn s°m≠mWv Jp¿B≥ hnt\mZßsf ImWp∂Xv. hnip≤Jp¿B ≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI. "Cu sFlnI PohnXw hnt\mZhpw Ifn bpa√msX as‰m∂pa√. Xo¿®bmbpw ]ctemIw Xs∂bmWv bYm¿Y- PohnXw. Ah¿ a\ nem°nbncps∂¶n¬!'1 {]hmNI≥ ]Tn∏n®p: "\nßƒ Ifn°pIbpw hnt\mZn°pI bpw sNøpI. \nßfpsS aXØn¬ Im¿°iya\p`hs∏Sp∂Xv Rm≥ shdp°p∂p.-'2 {]hmNI≥ (k) ImbnIm`ymkßsf t{]m¬kmln∏n°p Ibpw A`ymk{]IS\ßƒ°v aZo\bnse {]hmNI≥ ]≈nbn ¬ kuIcyta¿s∏SpØns°mSp°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂p.3 hnhm lmhkcßfnepw s]cp∂mƒ Znhkßfnepw {]tXyIamb hnt\mZßsfbpw XamiIsfbpw {]hmNI≥(k)- t{]m¬kmln ∏n®ncp∂p. Ckvemw c≠v BtLmjZnhkßƒ A\phZn®ncn °p∂Xv hnt\mZn°phm\pw kt¥mjn°phm\pamWt√m. s]cp ∂mƒ Znhkw {]hmNIk∂n[nbnencp∂v ssIsImń ]m´p]mSp Ibmbncp∂ s]ÏpńIsf XSbm≥ {ian® A_q_°dn(d) t\mSv {]hmN≥ ]d™Xv "Ahsc hnt´°q A_q_°¿, CXv BtLmjZnhkat√'4 F∂mbncp∂p. hnhmlØn\v ]m´p]mSm ≥ s]ÏpńIsf hn´psImSp°m\mbn kz]Xv\n Bbni(d)tbm Sv {]hmNI≥ ]d™Xmbn D≤cn°s]Sp∂ lZokn¬5 \n∂v Ifnbpw hnt\mZhpsa√mw Ckvemw A\phZn°p∂psh∂v hyIvX amhp∂p. F∂m¬ ssZham¿KØn¬ \n∂v a\pjysc sX‰n®pIfbp∂ hnt\mZßsf iIvXamb `mjbn¬ Xs∂ hnip≤Jp¿B≥ hna ¿in°p∂p≠v. "bmsXmcp Adnhpan√msX ssZham¿KØn¬ 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 29: 64 2.- ss_lJn3.- _p-Jm-cn4.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw5.- C_v-\p-am-P

CkvemanI PohnXw

235

\n∂v P\ßsf sX‰n®pIfbphm\pw AXns\ ]cnlmkyam°n Øo¿°p∂Xn∂pw th≠n hnt\mZhm¿ØIƒ hne°phmßp∂ Nne¿ a\pjycpsS Iq´Ønep≠v. AØc°m¿°v A]am\Icam b in£bmWp≈Xv.1 kZvKpWßfpw k¬kz`mhhpw Fßs\ am\hnIXsb Zo]vXam°p∂pthm AXn∂v t\sc hn]coXamb Zp¿KpWßfpw Zpxkz`mhhpw am\hnIXsb Xf¿ØpIbpw ss]imNnI `mhw hf¿ØpIbpw sNøp∂p. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ Zp¿KpWßfn¬ \n∂v AI∂p \n¬°p∂Xv "XJvh'bpsS `mKw Xs∂bmWv. Al¶mcw, Akqb, I≈w]db¬, ]cZqjWw, kzm¿Y-X, aZy]m\w, hy`nNmcw XpSßnbhsb√mw ]nimNns≥d t{]cW bn¬ \n∂p≠mhp∂ Zp¿KpWßfmWv. Chbn¬ \n∂v kwip≤ amth≠Xv Hcp hnizmknbpsS ISabmWv. At∏mƒ am{XamWv Hcmƒ bYm¿Y- apkvenw BbnØocp∂Xv. GXm\pw Jp¿B≥ kqIvXßfpw {]hmNI hN\ßf-pw ImWpI: "\o `qanbn¬ Al¥tbmsS \S°cpXv. Xo¿®bmbpw \n\°v `qansb ]nf¿°ms\m∂pamhn√. Xo¿®.-'2 "\o (Al¶mctØmsS) a\pjycpsS t\¿°v \ns≥d Ihnƒ Xncn®pIfbcpXv. `qanbneqsS \o s]mß®w Im´n \S°pIbpw sNøcpXv. Zpc`nam\nbpw s]mß®°mc\pamb Hcmtfbpw A√m lp CjvSs∏SpIbn√.'3 "\cIØne√tbm Al¶mcnIƒ°p≈ hmkkvYew.-'4 "Hcp AWpaWnØq°w Alw`mhw lrZbØnep≈ bmsXm cmfpw kz¿KØn¬ {]thin°pIbn√.-'5 "kXyhnizmknItf, Hcp P\nhn`mKhpw as‰mcp P\hn`mK sØ ]cnlkn°cpXv. Ch¿ (]cnlkn°s∏Sp∂h¿) Ahtc °mƒ \√hcmbncpt∂°mw.-'6 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 31: 6 2. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 37 3. Jp¿-B≥- 31: 18 4. Jp¿-B≥- 39: 60 5. ap-kv-enw6. Jp¿-B≥- 49: 11

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

236

"\nßƒ At\ym\yw IpØphm°v ]dbcpXv. \nßƒ ]cnlm kt∏cpIƒ hnfn®v ]ckv]cw A]am\n°pIbpw AcpXv. kXy hnizmkw ssIs°m≠Xn\p tijw A[m¿anIamb t]cv (hnfn °p∂Xv) F{X NoØ! h√h\pw ]ivNmØ]n°mØ]£w AØc°m¿ Xs∂bmIp∂p A{IanIƒ.-'1 "kXyhnizmknItf, DulØn¬ \n∂v an°Xpw \nßƒ shSn bpI. Xo¿®bmbpw DulØn¬ NneXv Ip‰amIp∂p. \nßƒ NmchrØn \SØpIbpw AcpXv. \nßfn¬ Nne¿ Nnesc∏‰n AhcpsS A`mhØn¬ Zpjn®v ]dbpIbpw AcpXv. Xs≥d ktlmZc≥ acn®p InS°ptºmƒ Ahs≥d amwkw `£n°p hm≥ \nßfn¬ Bsc¶nepw CjvSs∏Sptam? F∂m¬ AXv (ihw Xn∂p∂Xv) \nßƒ shdp°pbmWv sNøp∂Xv. A√mlp sh \nßƒ kq£n°pI. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp ]ivNmØm]w kzoIcn°p∂h\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIp∂p.-'2 "\nßfpsS ]q¿hkapZmbßfpsS tcmKw \nßfnte°pw \pgs™Ønbncn°p∂p. Akqbbpw hntZzjhpamWXv. AXv apfi\w sNbvXpIfbpw; apSn apfi\w sNbvXpIfbpsa∂√ ]dbp∂Xv. aXsØ apfi\w sNbvXpIfbpsa∂v.-'3 "tIm]w ss]imNnIamWv.-'4 "apkv e nans\ ]gn°¬ Zp¿hrØnbpw Aht\mSv bp≤w sNø¬ AhnizmkhpamW.-v'5 "GjWn°mc≥ kz¿KØn¬ {]thin°pIbn√.-'6 "\mep Imcyßƒ Bcnse¶nepap≠mbm¬ Ab-mƒ X\n I]Shnizmknbmbn. Ahbn¬ Hcp ImcyamWv Hcmfnep≠m bsX¶n¬ AsXmgnhm°p∂Xphsc Im]SyØns≥d Hcp ASbm fw Abmfnep≠mbncn°pw. hnizkn®m¬ NXn°pI. kwkmcn®m ¬ I≈w ]dbpI, Icm¿ sNbvXm¬ h©n°pI, ]nWßnbm¬ sXdn hnfn®p]dbpI˛ChbmWm Imcyßƒ.-'7 1. Jp¿-B≥- 49: 11 2.- Jp¿-B≥- 49: 12 3.- Alv-aZv,- Xn¿-ap-Zn, 4.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv5.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw6.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw7.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw-

CkvemanI PohnXw

237

"\ns≥d ktlmZc≥ \ns∂ hnizkn°p∂ Hcp ImcyØn¬ \o Aht\mSv Ifhp ]dbpIsb∂Xv sImSpwh©\bmWv.-'1 "Bsc¶nepw Hcp Nm¨ `qan A{Ian®pssIhis∏SpØnbm¬ (]ctemIØv) AXv Ggp `qanbn¬ \n∂psaSpØv Ahs≥d Igp ØnenSpw.-'2 "sImSpØ Zm\w Xncn®p hmßp∂h≥ O¿Zn®Xp Xn∂p∂ \mbsbt∏msebmIp∂p.-'3 "[\nI∑msc am{Xw £Wn°pIbpw Zcn{Z∑m¿ AhKWn° s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂ kZybpsS `£Ww hfsc tamis∏´ `£ WamWv.-'4 "Bsc¶nepw kºmZn°phm≥ th≠n bmN\ \SØpIbmsW ¶n¬ Xo°´bmWv Abmƒ bmNn®p hmßp∂Xv.-'5 "h√h\pw Io¿Øn em°m°nbm¬ A√mlp Ahs\ A]Io ¿Øns∏SpØpw. h√h\pw ]pdsa ImWn°m≥ I¿aw sNbvXm¬ Ah\m{Kln°mØ hn[Øn¬ A√mlp Ahs\ ImWn°pw.-'6 "hn\miIcamb Ggp ]m]ßƒ \nßƒ h¿PvPn°pI. A√m lpthmSv ]¶p tN¿°pI, amcWw sNøpI, A√mlp BZcn® Pohs\ A\ybambn sImes∏SpØpI, ]eni Xn∂pI, A\mY bpsS [\w Xn∂pI, tLmcbp≤w \S°ptºmƒ ]n¥ncnt™m SpI, ]Xn{hXIfpw kXyhnizmkn\nIfpw Zp¿∂Ss∏s¥∂dnbm Øhcpamb kv X oIsf∏‰n Ip‰mtcm]Ww D∂bn°pI, ChbmWh.-'7 "A√mlp Xs≥d A\p{KØn¬ \n∂v Xßƒ°p X∂n´p≈ Xn¬ ]nip°p ImWn°p∂h¿ AXh¿°v KpWIcamsW∂v Hcn°epw hnNmcn°cpXv. A√, AXh¿°v tZmjIcamWv. Ah¿ ]nip°v ImWn® [\wsIm≠v Dbn¿sØ-gpt∂¬∏ns≥d \mfn¬ AhcpsS IgpØn¬ ame Nm¿Øs∏Sp∂XmWv.-'8 1.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv2.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw3.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw4.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw5.- ap-kv-enw6.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw7.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw8. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 180

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

238

"]nip°v ImWn°pIbpw ]nip°v ImWn°m≥ P\ßsf t{] cn∏n°pIbpw Xßƒ°v A√mlp Ahs≥d HuZmcyw sIm≠v \¬Inb A\p{Klw ad®psh°pIbpw sNøp∂hcmWh¿. B \µnsI´h¿°v A]am\Icamb in£bmWv \mw Hcp°nsh ®ncn°p∂Xv.-'1 "P\ßsf ImWn°m≥ th≠n XßfpsS- kzØp°ƒ sNeh gn°p∂hcpw A√mlphntem A¥yZn\Øntem hnizmkan√m ØhcpamWh¿. ]nimNmWv HcmfpsS Iq´pImc\mhp∂sX¶n¬ Ah≥ F{X Zpjn® Iq´pImc≥.-'2 "Akqbmep Akqbs∏Sptºmƒ Ahs≥d sISpXnbn¬ \n ∂pw (Rm≥ A√mlphnt\mSv icWw tXSp∂p).-'3 "A{Iaw kq£n°pI, A{Iaw A¥yZn\Øn¬ CcpfpIfmbn cn°pw. ]nip°ns\bpw kq£n°pI. ImcWw ]nip°v apºp≈ hsc \in∏n®n´p≠v. ]ckv]cw cIvXw Nn¥phm\pw \njn≤am bXv A\phZ\obam°phm\pw AXhsc t{]cn∏n°pIbp≠mbn.'4 "A√mlphns≥d t]cn¬ tNmZn®n´pw sImSp°m≥ Iq´m°m Øh\mWv P\ßfn¬ G‰hpw XcwXmWh≥.-'5 hnip≤Jp¿B\nepw {]hmNINcybnepw \njvI¿jn®ncn°p ∂ hn[nhne°pIƒ ]men®psIm≠v Pohn°ptºmƒ hyIvXnbn¬ a\pjyXzØns≥d ]q¿Wamb {]Imi\-w km[yamhp∂p. Aß s\ Abmƒ apkvenamIp∂p. ssZhØn\v kzbwka¿∏n°pI hgn hnaeoIcn°s∏´ hyIvXnbmWv apkvenw. CkvemanI Pohn Xw \bn°p∂ hyIvXn IpSpw_ØnseØptºmƒ IpSpw_hpw kaqlØnseØptºmƒ kaqlhpw cmjv{SØnseØptºmƒ cmjv{Shpw ]cnh¿ØnXamhp∂p. Ah bYm¿Y-amb am\hnIX bnseØnt®cp∂p. AXmWv Ckvemw hn`mh\w sNøp∂ hn πhw.'

1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 37 2. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 38 3. Jp¿-B≥- 113: 5 4. ap-kv-enw5. Alv-aZv- -

]-Xn-s\-´vIpSpw_ PohnXw kaqlØns≥d sIm®pcq]amWv IpSpw_w. kmaqlyPohnX Øns≥d _me]mTßƒ Hcmƒ ]Tn°p∂Xv IpSpw_Øn¬ \n∂mWv. IpSpw__‘Øns≥d ASnkvYm\w ZmºXyPohnX amWv. a\pjykaqlØns≥d \ne\n¬∏ns≥d ASnkvYm\amb ZmºXyPohnXsØ Hcp ssZhm\p{Klambn´mWv hnip≤Jp¿ B≥ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂Xv. "Ah≥ Xs∂bmWv sh≈Øn¬ \n∂v a\pjys\ krjvSn°pIbpw, Ahs\ cIvX_‘ap≈ h\pw hnhml_‘ap≈h\pw B°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. \ns≥d c£nXmhv Ignhp≈h\mIp∂p.-'1 "A√mlp \nßƒ°v \nßfpsS Iq´Øn¬ \n∂pXs∂ CWI sf D≠m°pIbpw \nßfpsS CWIfneqsS Ah≥ \nßƒ°v ]p{X∑mscbpw ]u{X∑mscbpw D≠m°nØcnIbpw, hninjvS hkvXp°fn¬ \n∂v- Ah≥ \nßƒ°v D]Poh\w \¬IpIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. F∂n´pw Ah¿ AkXyØn¬ hnizkn°p Ibpw A√mlphns≥d A\p{Klßsf \ntj[n°pIbpamtWm sNøp∂Xv.-'2 hnhmlamWv IpSpw__\v[Øns≥d ASnØd. hnhmtl Xcamb bmsXmcp ssewKnI_‘ßfpw Ckvemw A\phZn°p ∂n√. kZmNmcØn\v Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw hfsc hep 1. Jp¿-B≥- 25: 54 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 72

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XmWv. hnhmtlXc_‘ßƒ \njn≤amsW∂ tIheamb \nbaap≠m°nsh°pI am{Xa√,- {]XypX AØcw tæNvOXI ƒ°v t{]cn∏n°p∂ kIehn[ kmlNcyßfpw D∑qe\w sNøm \mhiyamb kmaqly\nbaßƒ \n¿a-n°pI IqSn Ckvemw sNbvXn´p≠v. kv{XoIƒ XßfpsS kuµcyw {]Z¿i\hkvXphm °cpsX∂ Ckvemans≥d I¬]\ Ahbnsem∂mWv. apJhpw ap≥ssIbpsamgn® icoc`mKßsfm∂pw Xs∂ A\y]pcpj∑m ¿°p ap∂n¬ {]Z¿in∏n°phm≥ ]mSns√∂mWv Ckvemans≥d A\pimk\. "]gb APvRmXImesØ kuµcy{]IS\w t]msebp≈ kuµcy{]IS\w \nßƒ \SØcpXv'1 F∂ Jp¿ B\nII¬]-\sb hniZoIcn®psIm≠v {]hmNI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n ®p:- kv{XobpsS apJhpw ap≥ssIbpa√msØ ]pdØpImWp∂Xv icnb√.-'2 A«oe {]kn≤oIcWßfpw t]mkv‰dpIfpw Ne®n{X ßfpw s]Æns\ hn‰v Imim°p∂ aoUnbIfpamWv bphm°fp sS [¿aNyp-Xn°v ImcWsa∂v kmaqlyimkv{XPvR∑m¿ hn[n sbgpXnbncn°p∂ C∂v Ckvemans≥d Cu \n¿tZiØns≥d {]kIvXn IqSpX¬ hyIvXamhpIbmWv sNøp∂Xv. ssewKnIhnImcw a\pjyklPas{X. {]kvXpX hnImcØn s≥d ]cn]q¿Øn {]mb]q¿Ønbmb GsXmcp a\pjy\pw B{K ln°p∂XmWv. Cu am\htNmZ\sb AwKoIcn°pI am{Xa√, hnhmlw sNøp∂Xv Hcp ]pWyI¿aambn ]cnNbs∏SpØpI IqSn sNøp∂p≠v Ckvemw. {_lvaNcysØ hna¿in°pIbpw hnhmlsØ iIvXambn t{]m¬kmln∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂ Ckv emw C°mcyØn¬ kwLSnXaXßfn¬ \ns∂√mw hyXncnIv XX ]pe¿Øp∂p. {]hmNIm\pbmbnbmb A\kv (d) ]dbp ∂Xv ImWpI:- "\_n (k) RßtfmSv hnhmlw Ign°phm≥ I¬]n°pIbpw {_lvaNcya\pjvTn°p∂Xv iIvXnbmbn \ntcm [n°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p.-'3 "hnhmlw Ign°p∂tXmsS Hcm fpsS aXØns≥d ]IpXn ]q¿Ønbmbn˛_m°n ]IpXnbn¬ Abmƒ A√mlphns\ kq£n®psIm≈s´.-'4 1. Jp¿-B≥- 33: 33 2.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv3.- Alv-aZv4.- ss_lJn-

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hnhml_‘Øn\v kuµcysØ°mfpw kºØns\°mfpw XdhmSnØsØ°mfpsa√mw ]cnKWn°s∏tS≠Xv kZmNmc t_m[amsW∂mWv {]hmNI≥ (k-)- ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. "kv{Xo sb km[mcWbmbn \mepImcyßfpsS ASnkvYm\ØnemWv hnhmlw sNømdp≈Xv. AhfpsS kzØv, kuµcyw, XdhmSn Øw, aX\njvT F∂nhbmWh. F∂m¬ aX\njvTbp≈hsc sXcs™SpØpsIm≈pI.-'1 kZmNmct_m[ap≈ CWIƒ°v am{Xsa sI´pd∏p≈ Hcp IpSpw_Øn\v cq]w \¬Im≥ km[n°q. kt¥mjØnepw kam [m\Ønepa[njvTnXamb IpSpw__‘Øn\v kZmNmct_m[w A\nhmcyamsW∂ hkvXpX Cs∂√mhcpw kΩXn®p Ign™n ´p≠v. ]mivNmXykwkvImcw hn`mh\w sNbvX kZmNmcclnX amb ssewKnI_‘ßƒ C∂v B kaqlØns≥d \miØnem Wv FØn®ncn°p∂Xv. h≥\Kcßfn¬ C∂v ]nd∂phogp∂ Ip™pßfn¬ ]IpXnbne[nIhpw Pmck¥XnIfmsW∂mWv IW°pIƒ kqNn∏n°p∂Xv. IpSpw_ hyhkvY acW iøbn¬ InS°pIbmWhnsS2. IayqWnkv‰v cmjv{SßfpsS AhkvYbpw sX√pw t`Za√. IpSpw_hpw kZmNmchpsa√mw _q¿jzm ap≥hn [nIƒ am{XamsW∂ "am\ns^kvt‰m'bpsS XØ-zØn\pta¬ kvYm]nXamb cmjv{SØn¬ kZmNmct_m[w F{XtØmfap≠m Ipsa∂v \ap°v Nn¥n®m¬ aXn. tkmhnb‰v bq\nb\nse bphm °fne[nIhpw hnhmtlXc ssewKnI_\v[ßfnte¿s∏Sp∂h cmsW∂pw AXn\m¬ Xs∂ AhnsS IpSpw_w XI¿∂psIm ≠ncn°pIbmsW∂pw •mkvt\mkv‰n\papºpXs∂ temIØn\v Adnhmbncp∂p. IpSpw_Øns≥d BZcoWbX AXns≥d kºq ¿Wamb A¿Y-Øn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂Xv CkvemanI temIØv am{XamWv. AXn∂p≈ ImcWw Ckvemans≥d JfinXamb kZmNmc\nbaßfs{X. kv{XobpsS ]nXmhv ]pcpj\v Xs≥d aIsf G¬∏n®psImSp °pIbpw ]pcpj≥ AXv Gs‰Sp°pIbpw sNøp∂ efnXamsbm cp NSßmWv Ckvemanse hnhmlw. hnhmlmhkcØn¬ ]pcp 1.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw2.- (William-F-Kenkle: The Family Perspective Capter 5)

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j≥ kv { Xo°v hnhmlaqeyw (alv d v ) \¬tI≠Xps≠∂v Ckvemw I¬]n°p∂p. kv{XobpsS ]nXmhv ]pcpj\v [\tam at‰m \¬Ip∂ kv{Xo[\k{ºZmbhpambn Ckveman\v bmsXm cp _‘hpan√. kv{Xo[\k{ºZmbw A\nkvemanIas{X. hnhmltØmSpIqSn \nehn¬ hcp∂ IpSpw__‘sØ ]cn]mh\hpw ]cnip≤hpamb ssZhnIZrjvSm¥ambn´mWv Jp¿B≥ ]cnNbs∏SpØp∂Xv. "\nßƒ°v kam[m\]q¿h-w HØptNtc≠Xn∂mbn \nßfn¬ \n∂pXs∂ \nßƒ°v CWI sf krjvSn°pIbpw \nßƒ°nSbn¬ kvt\lhpw ImcpWyhpw D≠m°pIbpw sNbvXXpw Ahs≥d ZrjvSm¥ßfn¬ s]´X s{X. Xo¿®bmbpw AXn¬ Nn¥n°p∂ P\ßƒ°v ZrjvSm¥ ßfp≠v.'1 `mcym˛`¿Xr_\v[sØ hfsc kpµcamb Hcp D]abneqsS hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ hntijn∏n°p∂Xv ImWpI: "Ah¿ \nß ƒ°pw \nßƒ Ah¿°pap≈ hkv{XßfmIp∂p.-'2 CWIƒ ]ckv]cw hkv{XßfmsW∂ D]a `mcym˛`¿Xr_‘Øns≥d A]mcamb km[yXIsfbp-w _m[yXIsfbpw Htckabw tZymXn∏n°p∂XmWv. hkv{Xw \·X adbv-°phm\p≈XmWv;kuµcyØns≥d {]IS\amWv;- hyIvXnXzØns≥d {]Imi\am Wv; imcncnI kwc£WØn\mhiyamb IhNamWv. CtXt]m se- CWIƒ Hm-tcm-cp-Ø-cpw- as‰bmfpsS clkyw kq£n°p∂ hcmbncn°Ww. HcmfpsS hyIvXnXzØn\v A]Io¿Ønbp≠m °p∂ {]h¿Ø\w as‰bmfpsS PohnXØn¬ D≠mbn°q-Sm. Hcm fpsS PohnXØnse t]mcmbvaIƒ ad®psh°m\pw \nIØphm \pw as‰bmƒ°v IgnbWw. Ah¿ F√m Imcyßfnepw ]ckv] cw kwc£n°p∂hcmbncn°Ww. ZmºXy PohnØnte-°v- shfn®taIp∂ GXm\pw {]hmNI \n¿tZißƒ ImWpI. "a\pjy\v \nt£]n®p sh°mhp∂Xn¬ G‰hpw \√Xv F¥msW∂v \nßƒ°v Rm≥ ]d™p Xcs´tbm? \√ Hcp `mcy˛t\m°nbm¬ kt¥mjw \¬Ip∂, I¬]-n®m¬ A\pk 1. Jp¿-B≥- 30: 21 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 187

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cn°p∂, `¿Ømhns≥d A`mhØn¬ Abmƒ°v AhImis∏´ sX√mw kq£n°p∂ `mcy'1. "hmcnsb√psIm≠v˛G‰hpw hf™ aosXbp≈ hmcnsb√p sIm≠v˛BWv kv{Xosb krjvSn®ncn°p∂Xv. BIbm¬ AXv \nh¿Øm≥ t]mbm¬ s]mńt°≠nhcnIsb∂Xmhpw êw. D≈Xpt]mseØs∂ hnSpIbmsW¶n¬ hf™psImt≠bncn °pIbpw sNøpw. AXn\m¬ kv{XoItfmSv \√\nebn¬ s]cpam dpIsb∂ Fs≥d D]tZiw \nßƒ kzoIcn®psIm≈pI.'2 "`mcy°v `¿Ømhn¬ \n∂p e`nt°≠h˛\o `£n°p∂psh ¶n¬ Ahsfbpw `£n∏n°pI. \o hkv{Xw [cn°p∂psh¶n¬ Ahsfbpw hkv{Xw [cn∏n°pI-. apJØSn°pItbm sshcq]yw hcpØpItbm sNøcpXv. hoń¬ sh®√msX ]nWßn \n¬ °pIbpacpXv.-'3 "CltemIw apgph≥ A\p`hn°m\p≈XmWv. ClØnse G‰hpw \√ A\p`hw \√ kv{Xobs{X.-'4 "\nßfn¬ `mcyam¿°v \√h¿ Btcm AhcmWv IqSpX¬ \√h¿.-'5 "kv{XoIfpambn G‰hpw DØaamb \nebnte h¿Øn°mhq F∂ Fs≥d D]tZiw \nßƒ kzoIcn°Ww. \nßfpambp≈ Icmdns≥d ASnkvYm\Øn¬ \nßtfmSv _\v[s∏´p \n¬°p ∂hcmWh¿. as‰mc[nImchpw AhcpsS ta¬ \nßƒ°n√. Ah¿ hyIvXamb h√ \oNhrØnIfnepw G¿s∏s´¶ne√msX. Aßs\ h√Xpw sNbvXm¬ \nßfhcn¬ \n∂v hn´pamdn InS°p I. apdnhp≠m°mØ hn[w Ahsc ASn°pIbpw sNøpI. Aß s\ \nßsf Ah¿ A\pkcn®p Ign™m¬ bmsXmcp A{Iaam ¿Khpw Ah¿s°Xncn¬ \nßƒ At\zjn®p-t]mIcpXv.'6 "`mcyamsc ASn°p∂h¿ am\y∑mc√.-'7 1. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv2.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw3.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv4.- ap-kv-enw5.- Xn¿-ap-Zn6.- Xn¿-ap-Zn7.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- C_v-\p-am-P,

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"\mWant√ \nßƒ°v? ASnasb ASn°p∂Xpt]mse kz¥w `mcysb ASn°m≥? ]ns∂, AhtfmSp tN¿∂p InS°m\pw.-'1 "`¿Ømhv X∂n¬ kwXr]vX\mbncn°p∂ AhkvYbn¬ acWs∏Sp∂ GXv kv{Xobpw kz¿KØn¬ {]thin°p∂XmWv.'2 "Hcp kv{Xosb `¿Ømhv Xs≥d saØbnte°v £Wn®n´v sN√m≥ hnkΩXn°pIbpw A°mcWØm¬ Abmƒ B cm{Xn AcnitØmsS Ignbm\nShcnIbpamsW¶n¬ ]pecpthmfw ae°pIƒ Ahsf i]n®psIm≠ncn°pw.'3 "\nßfmcpw Xs∂ I∂pImensbt∏mse Xs≥d {]nbXasb {]m]n°cpXv. Ah¿°nSbn¬ Hcp ZqX≥ D≠mbncn°s´. Npw_ \hpw kwkmchpamWo ZqX≥.-'4 "kv{XoIfpsS KpZØneqsS \nßfhcpambn _‘s∏ScpXv.'5 "]ckv]cw ASpØnS]gInb tijw `mcybpsS clkyßƒ {]Ncn∏n°p∂ ]pcpj\s{X ]p\cpŸm\\mfn¬ A√mlphn s≥d ASpØv G‰hpw tamiamb AhkvYbp≈h≥.-'6 ZmºXyPohnXØn¬ ]pcpjs≥dbpw kv{XobpsSbpw _m[y XIfpw AhImißfpw hyXykvXhpw AtXmsSm∏w ]ckv]c ]qcIhpamWv. "kv{XoIƒ°v _m[yXIfp≈Xpt]mse AhIm ißfpap≠v'7 F∂mWv hnip≤Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv. {]hmNI≥ ]d™p: "\nßƒ°v kv{XoIfn¬ Nne AhImißfp≠v. \nß fpsS `mcyam¿°v \nßfnepw Nne AIhmißfp≠v'8. "`¿Øm hns≥d hncn∏n¬ \n∂v amdn\n¬°mXncn°pI, At±lØns≥d kXyw ]men°pI, I¬]\Iƒ A\pkcn°pI, A\phmZan√m sX ho´n¬ \n∂v ]pdØpt]mImXncn°pI, At±lw shdp°p ∂hsc ho´n¬ {]thin∏n°mXncn°pI; CsX√mamWv `¿Øm hnt\mSp≈ _m[yXIƒ.-'9 1.- ap-kv-enw,- Alv-aZv2.- Xn¿-ap-Zn3.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw4.- Zbv-ean5.- Alv-aZv,- Xn¿-ap-Zn,- C_v-\p-am-P 6.- ap-kv-enw,- A_q-Zm-hqZv7.- Jp¿-B≥- 2: 228 8.- Xn¿-ap-Zn9.- Xz-_v-dm-\n-

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IpSpw_PohnXØnse _m[yXbpsS kvYnXnbpw CXpXs∂. Krl]cn]me\hpw k¥m\kwc£Whpw kv{XobpsS NpaXe bpw Krlkwc£W-hpw PohnXmtbm[\hpw ]pcpjs≥d ISa bpambn´mWv Ckvemw ImWp∂Xv. kv{Xobnse amXrXzsØ AwKoIcn°pIbpw BZcn°pIbpw sNøp∂ Ckvemw Ahsf t]mt‰≠ ]q¿Wamb DØchmZnØw ]pcpj\nemWv `cta¬]n ®ncn°p∂Xv. "{]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p. "\nßsf√mhcpw `cWm [nImcnIfpw AhchcpsS `cWobsc°pdn®v tNmZyw sNøs∏ Sp∂hcpamWv. Aao¿ `cWm[nImcnbmWv. Hmtcm ]pcpj\pw AbmfpsS ho´pImcn¬ `cWw \StØ≠h\mWv. kv{Xo `¿Ør KrlØns≥dbpw k¥XnIfpsSbpw `cWm[nImcnbmWv . At∏mƒ \nßƒ HmtcmcpØcpw `cWm[nImcnIfpw Ahch cpsS {]PIsf kw_\v[n® DØchmZnØap≈hcpamWv.-'1 sshhmlnIPohnXØn¬ Ifnbv°pw Xamibv°psa√mw {]hmNI≥(k) A\paXn \¬Inbn´p≠v. {]hmNI]Xv\nbmb Bbni (d)bpambn At±lw Hm´a¬kcw \SØnbXmbpw2 Hcp {]mhiyw {]hmNI\pw as‰mcn°¬ ]Xv\nbpw hnPbn®Xmbpw lZokpIfn¬ ImWmw. FtXym]ybn¬ \n∂ph∂ A`ymknI fpsS {]IS\ßƒ {]hmNI ]Xv\nbmb Bbni(d)sb hnfn®v ImWn®psImSpØXmbpw3 `mcyamtcmSv Xami ]d™Xmbpap ≈ lZokpIfn¬ \n∂v ZmºXy PohnXØn¬ Ifnbpw Xamibp sa√mw BhiyamsW∂ hkvXpX {]hmNI≥ (k) kzPohnX ØneqsS ImWn®p X∂n´ps≠∂mWv \mw a\ nemt°≠Xv. Kuch]q¿Wamb DØchmZnØamb sshhmlnI PohnXØn se a\x wL¿jßfn¬ \n∂v apIvXamIphm≥ A\nhmcyamb IfnXamiIƒ Ckvemw A\phZn°p∂ps≠∂v kmcw. hnhmtlXcamb ssewKnI_‘ßfnte¿s∏Sp∂Xv Ckv emw iIvXambn shdp°p∂ Hcp Im]SyamWv. hy`nNmcw tæOhr Ønbpw ]m]hpamWv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p: "\nßƒ hy`nNmc sØ kao]n®p t]mIcpXv, Xo¿®bmbpw AsXmcp \oNhrØn 1.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw2.- Alv-aZv3.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw-

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bpw Zpjn®am¿KhpamIp∂p.'1 Hcp ImcWhimepw ]ckv{XoKa \w ]mSns√∂v \njvI¿jn°p∂ Ckvemw GI]Xv\o{hXwsIm ≠v ssewKnIZmlw ian∏n°m\mhmØ ]pcpj∑m¿°v _lp`m cyXzw A\phZn°p∂p≠v. \mephsc `mcyamsc thƒ°p∂Xv Ip‰Icas√∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ H∂ne[nIw `mcyamsc kzoIcn°p∂h¿ AhtcmsS√mw \oXntbmsS h¿Øn°Wsa∂v \njvI¿jn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. "A\mYIfpsS ImcyØn¬ \nß ƒ°v \oXn ]men°m\mhpIbns√∂v \nßƒ `bs∏SpIbmsW ¶n¬ (a‰p) kv{XoIfn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ CjvSs∏Sp∂ ct≠m aqt∂m \mtem t]sc hnhmlw sNbvXpsIm≈pI: F∂m¬ (Ah¿°nSbn¬) \oXn ]pe¿Øm\mhns√∂v \nßƒ `bs∏Sp IbmsW-¶n¬ Hcphsf am{Xw hnhmlw Ign°pI.-'2 `mcyam¿°nSbn¬ \oXntbmsS h¿Øn°Wsa∂v hfsc iIv Xamb `mjbn¬ Xs∂- {]hmNI≥ (k) \njvI¿jn°p∂p≠v. "Hcp ]pcpjs≥d A[o\Xbn¬ c≠p kv{XoIfp≠mhpIbpw F∂n´v Abmƒ c≠p t]¿°panSbn¬ \oXn ]pe¿ØmXncn°p Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Hcp`mKtØ°v sNcn™psIm≠mbncn°pw ]p\cp∞m\\mfn¬ Abmƒ hcp∂Xv'3 F∂mWv {]hmNI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. H∂ne[nIw `mcyamsc kzoIcn®h¿°v GsX¶nepsamcp CWtbmSv am\knIambn Xm¬]cyw tXm∂pI kzm`mhnIamWv. F∂m¬ Cu Xm¬]cyw ]pdtØ°v {]ISamIcpsX∂pw Ah¿ XΩn¬ \oXntbmsS h¿Øn°p∂Xn\v CXv XS amIcpsX∂pw hyIvXam°p∂ Jp¿B≥ hN\w {i≤n°pI: "\nßƒ F{X Xs∂ B{Kln®mepw `mcyam¿°nSbn¬ Xpey\oXn ]men°m≥ \nßƒs°mcn°epw km[n°pIbn√. AXn\m¬ \nßƒ (Hcmfn te°v) ]q¿Wambn Xncn™psIm≠v a‰hsf sI´nbn´Xpt]mse hnt´°cpXv. \nßƒ (s]cpam‰w) \∂m°nØo¿°pIbpw kq£v aX ]men°pIbpw sNøp∂]£w A√mlp Gsd s]mdp°p∂ h\pw IcpWm\n[nbpamIp∂p.-'4 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 17: 32 2.- Jp-¿-B≥- 4: 3 3.- Xn¿-ap-Zn,- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- \km-Cu4.- Jp¿B≥- 4: 129

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_lp`mcyXzØn\v Ckvemw A\phmZw \¬InbXv Ckvemw hna¿iIcpsS ssIbnep≈ Imcys∏´ Hcp hSnbmWv. _lp`mcy Xzw ImSØamsW∂mWv AhcpsS hmZw. ]pcpjs≥d ssewKnI Zmlw ian∏n°phm≥ Ah¿ \n¿tZin°p∂ am¿Kw ]ckv{XoKa \amWv. "HutZymKnIambn Hcp `mcybpw BhiyØn\v Imƒ tKfpIfpw' F∂ k{ºZmbsØbmWv Ah¿ "]ptcmKa\w' F∂p hnfn°p∂Xv. tæOamb Cu k{ºZmbw kv{XobpsS am\w sISpØpIbpw hnebnSn°pIbpw sNøp∂psh∂pam{Xa√, H´\h[n kmaqly{]iv\ßƒ°pw ssewKnItcmKßƒ°pw \nanØamhpIbpw sNøp∂p. H∂ne[nIw kv{XoIsf A[nIr Xambn `mcyamcm°nsh®v Ahsc kwc£n°pIbpw AhcpsS AhImißƒ A\phZn®psImSp°pIbpw sNøp∂ ]cnip≤am b kwhn[m\sØ hna¿in°p∂h¿ ]Icw sh-°p∂Xv H∂ne[n Iw kv{XoIfpambn ssewKnI _\v[Ønte¿s∏SpIbpw Ahtcm Sp≈ "_m[yX' At∏mƒ Xs∂ Xo¿°pIbpw sNøp∂ \nIrjvS amb k{ºZmbamsW∂ hkvXpX F¥pam{Xw henb ]mX Ia√! _lp`mcyXzw hyIvXn]camb Hcp Bhiysa∂Xnep]cbm bn kmaqlyamb Hcp A\nhmcyXbmbn amdp∂ kµ¿`ßfpap ≠v. bp≤ImeamWv AØcw kµ¿`ßfnsem∂v. bp≤Øn¬ Ht´sd ]pcpj∑m¿ sIm√s∏SpIbpw kv{Xo˛]pcpj A\p]mX Øn¬ KWyamb hyXymkap≠mhpIbpamsW¶n¬ _lp`mcy Xzw kmaqlnIamb Hcp A\nhmcyXbmbn amdp∂p. s]mXpsh kv{Xo ]pcpj A\p]mXw k¥penXa√. Ccp]Xmw \q‰m≠ns≥d Ahkm\tØmsS temIØnse kv{XoIfpsS FÆw ]pcpj∑m cptSXnt\°mƒ ]Xnt\gc tImSn A[nIap≠mhpsa∂mWv sFIycmjv{S k`bpsS IW°pIIƒ ImWn°p∂Xv. _lp `mcyXzw Xosc A\phZn°s∏SmXncp∂m¬ ASpØ \q‰m≠n¬ temIØv ]Xnt\gc tImSn kv{XoIƒ°v `¿Øm°∑mcp≠mhp Ibns√∂v kmcw. IpSpw__‘w kpZr--Vamhp∂Xn∂mhiyamb \nba\n¿tZ ißƒ Ckvemw \¬Inbn´ps≠∂v \mw a\ nem°n. Cu \n¿tZ ißƒ ]men®psIm≠p≈ PohnXw IpSpw_Øns≥d sI´pd

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∏n\pw {]iv\clnXamb ZmºXyØn\pw hgnsbmcp°p∂p. F¶n epw hyXykvXamb {]IrXnbpw A`ncpNnIfpap≈ hyIvXnIƒ ]ckv]cw IqSnt®cptºmƒ, F{X Xs∂ IcpXepw kq£vaXbp ≠mbmepw, Akzmckyßfpw ]nW°hpw kzm`mhnIamWvv. CØcw kµ¿`ßfn¬ ZmºXy _‘w apdn™pt]mImXn cn°phm≥ Jp¿B≥ a\ximkv{X]camb aq∂v am¿§ßƒ \n¿tZ in°p∂p. "A\pkcWt°Sv ImWn°psa∂v \nßƒ Bi¶n°p ∂ kv{XoIsf \nßƒ D]tZin°pI. InS∏dIfn¬ Ahcpambn AI∂p \n¬°pI. Ahsc ASn°pIbpw sNbvXpsIm≈pI.-'1 hmcnsb√ns≥d kz`mhamWp≈sX∂v hntijn∏n°s∏´ kv{XoIfpsS kz`mhZqjyßƒ°p≈ a\ximkv{X NnIn¬kbm Wv ChnsS Jp¿B≥ hniZoIcn°p∂Xv. km[mcWKXnbn¬ `¿Ømhns≥d BXvamY-amb D]tZiw sIm≠pXs∂ kv{XoI ƒ Zpxkz`mhßfn¬ \n∂v apIvXamth≠XmWv. F∂m¬ D]tZi ßƒ ^ew sNømØ Ahkcßfn¬ hfsctbsd ^e{]m]vXn °p km[yXbp≈ c≠masØ am¿K-w {]tbmKn°phm\mWv Jp¿ B\ns≥d A\pimk\. kz¥w `¿Ømhv Xs≥d InS∏d _ln jv I cn°p∂Xv GsXmcp kv { Xosbbpw am‰n®n¥n∏n°pw. Ahƒ°v Hcn°epw kln°m\mhØ Hcp ImcyamWXv. InS∏d _lnjvIcWsa∂ Xo{hamb am\knI NnIn¬k°ptijw A\pkcWt°Sv XpScp∂p kv{XoIsf kw_\v[n®nStØmfw sNdnb coXnbnep≈ XmU\w AXymhiyamWv. `mcyamsc ASn °p∂Xv hfsc tamiamb G¿∏mSmsW∂v ]Tn∏n® {]hmNI≥, ]t£,- A\nhmcyamb AhkcØn¬ kpµcmhbhßsf kq£n®psIm≠v Ffnb coXnbn¬ in£n°p∂Xv \njn≤as√ ∂v hyIvXam°nbn´p≠v. ASnsb Hcp imcocnI in£s∂Xnep] cnbmbn am\knINnIn¬kbmbn´mWv KWnt°≠sX∂mWv {]hmNI hN\ßfn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°m≥ Ignbp∂Xv. D]tZiw sImt≠m InS∏d_lnjvIcWw sImt≠m Ffnb in£IƒsImt≠m H∂pw am‰w hcmØ {]IrXnbmWv `mcy°p ≈sX¶n¬, CWIfn¬ CcphcpsSbpw ho´pIm¿ XΩn¬ Hcp 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 34

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A\pcRvP\{iaØn\v apXntc≠Xps≠∂mWv Jp¿B\ns≥d I¬]\: "C\n Ah¿ (ZºXnam¿) XΩn¬ `n∂n®pt]mIpsa∂v \nßƒ `bs∏Sp∂ ]£w Ahs≥d Bƒ°mcn¬\n∂v Hcp a[y kvYs\bpw AhfpsS Bƒ°mcn¬ \n∂v Hcp a[-ykvYs\bpw \nßƒ \ntbmKn°pI. Ccp hn`mKhpw A\pcRvP\amWpt±in °p∂sX¶n¬ A√mlp Ah¿°nSbn¬ tbmPn∏p≠m°p∂Xm Wv. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp k¿h-PvR\pw kq£vaPvR\pam Ip∂p.-'1 Cßs\ GXpcoXnbnse¶nepw ZmºXyPohnXsØ apdn®pIf bmsX apt∂m´p sIm≠pt]mIphm≥ ]camh[n ]cn{ian°Wsa ∂mWv Ckvemans≥d A\pimk\. F∂m¬ bmsXmcp ImcWh imepw hnhml_‘w apdn®pIfbm≥ ]mSns√∂ A{]mtbmKnI amb \nbaw Ckvemanen√. `mcym`¿Øm°∑m¿ XΩnep≈ _‘w Hcp \nebv° - pw XpS¿∂p sIm≠pt]mIm≥ km[ya√mØ Ahkcßfn¬ {]kvXpX _‘w apdn°p∂Xv Ckvemw \ntcm [n°p∂n√. hfsc A\nhmcyamb AhkvYbn¬ am{Xw A\ph Zn® hnhmltamN\sØ kw_\v[n®v {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™ Xn{]ImcamWv: "A\phZ\obambXn¬ A√mlphn\v G‰hpa[n Iw shdp∏p≈XmIp∂p hnhmltamN\w.-'2 hnhmltamN\Øn\v ]pcpjp\v AhImiaps≠¶n¬ AXv Bhiys∏Sm≥ kv{Xo°pw AhImiaps≠∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. tamN\w sNøs∏´ kv{Xosb Xncns®Sp°phm≥ Ckvemw A\phZn°p∂p. Cu A\phmZw c≠p {]mhiytØ°p am{XamWv. Htc kv{Xosb Xs∂ c≠p{]mhiyw hnhmltamN\w sNbvXtijw Xncns®SpØv aq∂mw XhWbpw hnhmltamN\w sNbvXm¬ ]ns∂ Xncns®Sp°m≥ ]mSns√∂mWv CkvemanI \nbaw. hnhmlsØbpw tamN\sØbpw tIhew IfnXamiI fm°n ImWmsX Kuch]q¿h-w kao]n°p∂Xn∂pth≠nbmWv Ckvemw Cu \nbaap≠m°nbncn°p∂Xv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂p-:"(aS°nsbSp°m≥ A\paXnbp≈)hnhmltamN\w c≠p{]mh iyw am{XamIp∂p. ]ns∂ H∂pIn¬ acymZb\pkcn®v IqsS 1. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 35 2. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

250

\n¿ØpItbm As√¶n¬ \√ \nebn¬ Ahsf ]ncn®b°pI tbm BWv th≠Xv.'- 1 IpSpw_ PohnXØns≥d A\p{Klßfmb k¥m\ßƒ CltemIØnse Ae¶mcßfmsW∂mWv Jp¿ B≥ ]dbp∂Xv. "kzØpw k¥m\ßfpw sFlnI PohnXØn s≥d Ae¶mcßfmIp∂p'2sh∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ k¬kz `mhnIfpw kZvhrØcpamb k¥m\ßƒ sFlnIPohnXØn\p am{Xa√ ]ctemIPohnXhnPbØn\pIqSn D]bpIvXcmbn amdp sa∂ bmYm¿Y- y w D¬t_m[n∏n°p∂p≠v . kZv h rØcmb k¥m\ßƒ°pth≠n {]m¿Y-n®hcmbncp∂p F√m {]hmNI ∑mcpw. hnizmknIfpsS t\Xmhmbn Jp¿B≥ ]cnNbs∏SpØp ∂ C_vdmlow (A) "F\ns°mcp kZvhrØ\mb ]p{Xs\ {]Zm \w sNøWta, \mYm'3 F∂v {]m¿Y-n®Xmbn ImWmw. k¬kz `mhnIfpw kZvhrØcpa√ a°sf¶n¬ as‰mcp ùXnIhn`h hpap≠mbncp∂n´pw bmsXmcp Imcyhpan√. amXm]nXm°sf kvt\ln°phm\pw ]cnNcn°phm\pw kZvhrØcmb a°ƒ°p a{Xta Ignbq. kº∂ ZºXnIfpsS Zp¿hrØcmb a°ƒ ]e t∏mgpw amXm]nXm°ƒ°pw IpSpw_Øn\pw kaqlØn\psa √mw XethZ\bmbnØocmdp≠v. "kZvhrØ\mb k¥m\sØ \¬tIWta' F∂ C_vdmlow \_nbpsS {]m¿∞\ Hmtcm kXyhnizmknbpsSbpw a\ n¬ \n∂v Bh¿Øn°s∏Sp∂Xn ∂p≈ ImcWw Cu Xncn®dnhmWv. k¥m\ßfpsS ùXnIhpw Bflobhpamb Imcyßƒ {i≤n t°≠Xv amXm]nXm°fpsS ISabmWv. a°ƒ°v apebqt´≠Xv amXmhns≥d _m[yXbmWv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "amXm°ƒ XßfpsS k¥m\ßƒ°v ]q¿Wambn c≠p sIm√w apesImSpt°≠XmWv'5 AtXt]mseØs∂ Ip™pßƒ°pw amXm°ƒ°pw `£Whpw hkv{Xhpw a‰pw \¬tI≠Xv ]nXmhn s≥d _m[yXbmsW∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. a°tfmSv \√\nebn¬ s]cpamdWsa∂mWv {]hmNI≥ (k) kz¥w PohnXØneqsS ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. IpńItfmSv Ifnbpw 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 229 2. Jp¿-B≥- 18: 46 3. Jp¿-B≥- 37: 100 4.- Jp¿-B≥- 2: 233

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Xamibpambn´mbncp∂p At±lw s]cpamdnbncp∂Xv. Xs≥d t]ca°fmb lks\bpw lpks\bpw apXpIØv Ib‰nbncp Øn HÍhpw CSb∑mcpambn Ifn®ncp∂psh∂v Pm_n¿ (d) dn t∏m¿´psNøp∂ Hcp lZokn¬ ImWmw.'1 IpńIsf hcnbmb-n \n¿Øn {]hmNI≥ Hmá¬kcw \SØnbXmbpw HmSnsbØnb Ip™pßsf At±lw Xs≥d Npaente‰nbXmbpw Npw_n®Xm bpsa√mw2 dnt∏m¿´v sNøs∏ń´p≠vv. At±lw ]Tn∏n®Xv Cß s\bmbncp∂p. "sNdnbhtcmSv IcpW ImWn°mØhcpw henb htcmSv BZchv ImWn°mØhcpw \Ωn¬ s]´hc√.-'3 k¥m\ßsf kvt\ln°pIbpw _lpam\n°pIbpw sNøp ∂Xv AhcpsS hyIvXnXzhnImkØn\pw Ahcn¬ D∂Xamb aqeyßƒ hf¿∂phcp∂Xn∂pw ImcWamIp∂p. {]hmNI≥ (k) Xs≥d ]p{Xn ^mXzna(d) IS∂phcptºmƒ Fgpt∂‰v \n∂v kzoIcn°pIbpw IqsSbncpØn kvt\l{]IS\w \SØpIbpw sNbvXncp∂Xmbn lZokp-I-f-n¬ ImWmw. acWiøbnembncp ∂ kabØv t]mepw At±lw ]p{Xnsb AcnInencpØn kvt\ l{]IS\ßƒ \SØnbXmbn lZokpIƒ hyIvXam°p∂p.4 k¥m\ßsf kvt\ln°p∂tXmsSm∏w Xs∂ Xn∑Ifn¬ \n∂v Ahsc XS™p\n¿tØ≠Xps≠∂pw {]hmNINcy \sΩ ]Tn∏n°p∂p. sNdp∏Øn¬ {]hmNIt\msSm∏w `£Ww Ign®ncp∂ Xt∂mSv "heXpssIsIm≠v Xs≥d `mKØp\n∂v `£n°pI'sb∂v kvt\ltØmSpIqSn {]hmNI≥ (k) KpWtZm jn®ncp∂Xmbp≈ {]hmNIm\pNc∑mcnsemcmfmb Awdp_v≥ A_okeabpsS5 dnt∏m¿ń¬ \n∂v F{X efnXhpw B¿{Zhpam bn´mbncp∂p AhnSp∂v- Ip™pßsf Xn∑Ifn¬ \n∂v- XS™p \n¿Ønbncp∂sX∂v a\ nem°m≥ Ignbpw. {]hmNI ]u{X\mb lk≥(d) Ipńbmbncn°ptºmƒ kIm Øns≥d Imc°bn¬ \n∂v HscÆsaSpØv hmbnen´bpSs\ Ahs≥d hmbn¬ \n∂v AsXSpØv am‰n "sO, AXv Fdn™pI 1.- Xz-_v-dm-\n2.- Alv-aZv3.- Alv-aZv4.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw5.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw-

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fbq. \ap°v kImØv apX¬ Xn∂m≥ ]mSns√∂v \n\°dnbnt√.'1 sb∂v KpWtZmjn®Xn¬ \n∂v Ip™pßƒ sX‰psNbvXm¬ DSs\Øs∂ AXp XncptØ≠Xps≠∂ hkvXpX hyIvXamhp ∂p. {]hmNI≥(k) ]d™p: "Hcp ]nXmhn\p Xs≥d k¥Xn°v, \√ in£WtØ°mƒ alØmb Hcp kΩm\w \¬Im≥ Ign bpIbn√.-'2 IpńIfpsS sX‰pIƒ°v sNdnb in£ \¬Ip∂Xv {]hmNI ≥ (k) \ntcm[n®nń√. ]t£,- {]kvXpX in£Iƒ AhcpsS A`nam\sØ £Xs∏SpØp∂tXm apdnhp≠m°p∂tXm Bbn °qSm "Ggphb mbm¬ \nßƒ IpńIƒ°v \akvImcw ]Tn∏n °pI. ]Øphb mbm¬ AXpt]£n®Xn\p Ahsc ASn°pI bpw sNøpI'3 F∂ {]hmNI hN\Øn¬ \n∂v Xn∑Ifn¬ \n∂v IpńIsf apIvXam°p∂Xn∂mbn sNdnb in£Iƒ \¬Ip ∂Xns≥d {]kIvXn a\ nem°mw. k¥m\ßtfmSv Xpey \nebn¬ s]cpamdWsa∂mWv {]hm NI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. BÏpńItfmSv hm¬keyw {]ISn∏n°pIbpw s]Ïp™pßsf AhKWn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xns\ {]hmNI≥ hna¿in®n´p≠v: {]hmNI≥ ]d™p:"Hcmƒ°v Hcp s]Ïpńbp≠mbn´v Ahsc (Ckvemw ]q¿hbp-KØnteXpt]mse) Ipgn®paqSmsX, \nµn°msX, BÏpń Iƒ°v Ahtf°mƒ ap≥KW\ \¬ImsX, hf¿Ønbm¬ A√m lp Abmsf kz¿KØn¬ {]thin∏n°p∂ Imcyw Xo¿®bmbn.'4 CjvSZm\ambn a°ƒ°v h√Xpw \¬Ip∂Xn¬ t]mepwXpeyX ]men°Wsa∂mWv {]hmNIs≥d A[ym]\w. Xs≥d aI\p am{Xw Hcp ASnasb Zm\ambn \¬Inb A\pNct\mSv AXv Xncn-®p hmßm≥ I¬]n® {]hmNI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n®Xv Cßs\bmWv.: "A√mlpsh kq£n°pI. \nßfpsS a°ƒ°nSbn¬ \oXn ]pe¿ØpIbpw sNøpI.-'5 amXm-]nXm°fpw a°fpw XΩnep≈ _‘Øn\v hfsctbsd 1.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-en2.- Xn¿-ap-Zn-,- ss_lJn3.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv4.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv5.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw-

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{]m[m\yw \¬Inbn´p≈ aXamWv Ckvemw. amXm]nXm°tfmSv \√ \nebn¬ h¿Øn°m\p≈ Jp¿B\ns≥d I¬]-\Ifne[nI hpw {kjvSmhns\ am{Xsa Bcm[n°phm≥ ]mSp≈qsh∂ I¬ ]-\tbmSp tN¿ØmWv ]d™ncn°p∂Xv. Hcp Jp¿B\ntIm]tZ iw t\m°pI: "\nßƒ A√mlpsh Bcm[n°pIbpw Aht\mSv bmsXm∂ns\bpw ]¶ptN¿°mXncn°pIbpw amXm]nXm°tfmSv \√\nebn¬ h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpI.-'1 CXn¬ \n∂v Hcp hnizmkn, ssZhtØmSp≈ IS∏mSp Ign ™m¬, ]ns∂ G‰hpa[nIw ISs∏´ncn°p∂Xv amXm]nXm° tfmSmsW∂v a\ nem°mw. C°mcyw Xs∂ hfsc hyIvXambn {]hmNI≥(k)- ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. "A√mlphn\v G‰hpw {]nbs∏´ sX¥mWv' F∂ tNmZyØn\v {]hmNI≥ \¬Inb DØcw "\a kvImcw, ]ns∂ amXm]nXm°ƒ°v \∑sNø¬, ]ns∂ A√mlp hns≥d am¿KØnep≈ [¿a kacw'2 F∂mbncp∂p. amXm]nXm°sf [n°cn°pIbpw AhKWn°pIbpw Ah tcmSv A\pkcWt°Sv ImWn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv alm]m]am sW∂mWv {]hmNI≥ ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. "h≥]m]ßfn¬ G‰ hpw hepXv A√mlphn¬ ]¶ptN¿°epw amXm]nXm°sf [n° cn°epamWv.-'3 "]nXm°sf shdp°p∂Xv \µntISmWv.-'4 A√mlphnt\mSp≈ _m[yXbv-°ptijamWv amXm]nXm° tfmSp≈ _m[yX ]cnKWn°s∏Sp∂sX∂v kqNn∏n®pht√m. amXm]nXm°ƒ ssZhhntcm[w {]h¿Øn°phm≥ a°tfmSv Bhiys∏´m¬ AXv A\pkcnt°≠Xns√∂v Jp¿B≥ hyIv Xam°p∂p. F∂m¬ AhnizmknIfmb amXm]nXm°tfmSpt]m epw `uXnIhnjbßfn¬ \√\nebn¬ h¿Ønt°≠Xps≠∂ Imcyw AtXmsSm∏w Xs∂ Jp¿B≥ D¬t_m[n∏n°p∂p≠v. "a\pjy\v Xs≥d amXm]nXm°fpsS ImcyØn¬ \mw A\pim k\w \¬Inbncn°p∂p-˛£oWØn\p ta¬ £oWhpambn´mWv 1.- Jp-¿-B≥2.- _p-Jm-cn-,3.- _p-Jm-cn,4.- _p-Jm-cn,-

4: 36 ap-kv-enwap-kv-enwap-kv-enw-

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amXmhv Ahs\ K¿`w Npa∂p \S∂\Xv. Ahs≥d apeIpSn am‰p∂XmIs´ c≠p h¿jw sIm≠pamWv˛Ft∂mSpw \ns≥d amXm]nXm°tf-mSpw \o \µn ImWn°pI. Fs≥d ASptØ°m Wv (\ns≥d) aS°w. \n\°v bmsXmcp Adnhpan√mØ h√Xns\ bpw Ft∂mSv \o ]¶ptN¿°p∂ ImcyØn¬ Ch¿ Ccphcpw \ns≥d ta¬ \n¿_‘w sNepØp∂ ]£w Ahsc \o A\pk cn°cpXv. CltemIØv AhtcmSv \o \√ \nebn¬ klhkn °pIbpw, F∂nte°v aSßnbhcpsS am¿K-w \o ]n¥pScpIbpw sNøpI.-'1 amXm]nXm°ƒ hm¿[-IymhkvYbnseØnbm¬ AhcpsS kwc£WØns≥d ]q¿W-amb DØchmZnØw a°ƒ°mWp≈ Xv. hm¿≤IymhkvY, Hc¿Y-Øn¬ ssiihmhkvYbnte°p≈ Xncn®pt]m°mWv. Ip´n{]mbØnse hminbpw Ipipºpsa√mw hm¿[-IyØnepap≠mIpw. ssiihØn¬ Xs∂ Xmtemen®v hf¿Ønb amXm]nXm°sf hm¿[-IymhkvYbn¬ kwc£n®p sIm≠v ISa \n¿hln°Wsa∂mWv Ckvemw A\pimkn°p∂ Xv. hr≤cmb amXm]nXm°tfmSv Ib¿°p∂Xpw NoØ hnfn°p ∂Xpsa√mw ]m]amsW∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. kXyhn izmknIƒ hr≤cmb amXm]nXm°tfmSv Fßs\bmWv s]cpam td≠sX∂v ]Tn∏n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ kqIvXw {i≤n°pI: "Xs∂b √msX \nßƒ Bcm[n°cpsX∂pw amX]nXm°ƒ°v \∑ sNø Wsa∂pw \ns≥d c£nXmhv hn[n®ncn°p∂p. Ahcn¬ Hcmtfm Ahcn¬ c≠pt]cpw Xs∂tbm \ns≥d ASp°¬ sh®v hm¿ [-Iyw {]m]n°pIbmsW¶n¬ AhtcmSv \o "sO' F∂p ]dbp Itbm, AhtcmSv Ib¿°pItbm sNøcpXv. AhtcmSv \o am\y amb hm°v ]dbpI. ImcpWytØmSpIqSn FfnabpsS NndIv \o Ah¿ Ccph¿°pw XmgvØns°mSp°pIbpw sNøpI. Fs≥d c£nXmth, sNdp∏Øn¬ Ch¿ Ccphcpw Fs∂ t]m‰n hf¿Øn bXpt]mse ChtcmSv \o IcpW ImWnt°Wta F∂v \o ]dbp Ibpw sNøpI.-'2 IpSpw__\v[Øn\v Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw hfsc 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 31: 14,- 15 2.- Jp¿-B≥- 17: 23,- 24

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hepXmWv. "IpSpw__\v[w apdn®≥ kz¿KØn¬ {]thin°pI bn√'1 F∂mWv {]hmNI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. sNdnb sNdnb {]iv\ßfpsS t]cn¬ kmtlmZcy _‘w apdn°m≥ k∂≤cmhp∂ kzm`mhw hnizmknIfn¬ D≠mIphm≥ ]mSns√ ∂ hkvXpXbmWv ChnsS {]hmNI≥ (k) hyIvXam°nbncn°p ∂Xv. "GXv BZ¿ihpambmWv Xm¶ƒ \ntbmKn°s∏´n´p≈Xv? F∂ HcmfpsS tNmZyØn\v {]hmNI≥ \¬Inb Zo¿Lamb adp]Snbn¬ "IpSpw__‘w tN¿°phm\pw'2 F∂v IqSnbp≈ Xn¬ \n∂v C°mcyØns≥d {]m[m\yw F¥pam{XamsW∂v \ap °v a\ nem°m≥ Ignbpw. Zm\[¿aßƒ \¬Iptºmƒ ]cnKWn°s∏tS≠Xv IpSpw_ _\v[Øn¬s∏´ AKXnIfmsW∂mWv aplΩZv \_n (k) ]Tn ∏n®ncn°p∂Xv . IpSpw__\v [ Øn¬ s]´hcpsS ]´nWn ImWmsX A\ysc ImWn°phm≥ th≠n henb kw`mh\Iƒ \¬Ip∂ k{ºZmbw apkvenwIƒ°v kzoIcn°phm≥ \n¿hml an√. ImcWw {]hmNI≥(k)- ]Tn∏n®Xv C{]ImcamWv:-"Zcn{Z\v Zm\w sNøptºmƒ AsXmcp Zm\amWv. F∂m¬ cIvX_‘ ap≈ B¿s°¶nepamWv AXv \¬Ip∂sX¶ntem, AXv Zm\hpw IpSpw__\v[w ]pe¿Øepw˛c≠pw IqSnbmbncn°pw.-'3 Cßs\ k¥pjvSamb Hcp IpSpw_PohnXØn\v Bhiy amb F√m \nba\n¿tZißfpw {]hmNI≥(k-)- ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. C°mcyØn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw Xncpkp∂Øpw \¬Ip∂ am¿K\n¿tZißƒ A\pkcn®p apt∂m´p t]mIp∂ IpSpw_Øn s≥d A¥co£w kam[m\tØmSp IqSnbp≈Xmbncn°pw. kwkvImcØns≥d ASnkvYm\Øn¬ \S°p∂ hnhmlØneq sS \nehn¬ hcp∂ ZmºXyPohnXw AÀmZ`cnXambncn°pw. Ip™pßsf Xmtemen®pw kXyam¿KØnte°v B\bn®pw sIm≠v IcpØps‰mcp Xeapdsb hm¿sØSp°pIbmWv Ah¿ sNøp∂Xv. amXmhns≥d aSnbn¬ \n∂v kwkvImchpw ]nXmhn s≥d PohnXØn¬ \n∂v aqeyßfpw ]Tn®psIm≠v hfcp∂h¿ 1.- _p-Jm-cn-,- apkv-enw2.- ap-kv-enw3.- Alv-aZv,- Xn¿-ap-Zn,- C_v-\p-am-P

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IpSpw_Øn\pw kaqlØn\pw th≠s∏´hcmbnØocp∂p. Ah¿ hm¿[-IymhkvYbn¬ amXm]nXm°sf ]cnNcn°pIbpw AhtcmSv kvt\ltØmSp IqSn h¿Øn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Ah¿ ktlmZcßsf BZcn°pIbpw Ahcpambn kvt\lØn ¬ Pohn°pIbpw sNøp∂p; Ah¿ IpSpw__\v[w ]pe¿ØpI bpw IpSpw_°msc klmbn°pIbpw sNøp∂p. AXmWv Ckv emanI IpSpw_Øns≥d Nn{Xw.

]-sØm-º-Xvapkvenw kaqlw hyIvXnIfpsS Iq´mbvabmWv kaqlw. GsX¶nepw s]mXphm b {]tXyIXIfmWv kaqlØns≥d \ne\n¬∏ns≥d ASnkv Ym\]camb B[mcw. CXv tZitam `mjtbm h¿K-tam h¿Wtam BImw. Cu B[mcßfmWv AhbpsS t]cn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ kaqlØnse hyIvXnIsf Iq´nbnW°p∂Xv. CkvemanIkaq lØnemIs´, hyIvXnIsf DZv{KYn∏n°p∂Xv _mlyamb Fs¥¶nepw khntijXIf√. {]XypX BZ¿ias{X. GI\m b {kjvSmhnep≈ hnizmkamWv AhcpsS sFIyØns≥d B[mcw. {kjvSmhn\p am{Xw ka¿∏n°p∂ Bcm[\bmWv Ah cpsS lrZbßsf Iq´nbnW°p∂Xv. A¥y{]hmNIs≥d Pohn XNcysb A\p[mh\w sNøp∂XneqsSbmWv AhcpsS I¿aßƒ°pw kz`mhßƒ°pw sFIcp]yw ssIhcp∂Xv. Ahcn¬ IdpØ-h\pw shfpØh\pap≠mImw; apXemfnbpw sXmgnem fnbpap≠mhmw. Ah¿W-\pw kh¿W-\pap≠mImw; hyXykvX tZi°mcpw `mj°mcpap≠mImw. ]t£, AhcpsS BZ¿iw H∂mWv, AhcpsS kmjvSmwKw Htcsbmcp iIvXn°papºnemWv, AhcpsS I¿aßƒ Htcsbmcp e£yØn\p th≠nbp≈XmWv. BZ¿iamWv Ahsc- sFIys∏SpØp∂ iIvXnsb∂¿Y-w. a\pjycpsS tamN\Øn\p th≠n {]]©{kjvSmhv Ah Xcn∏n® Z¿i\amWv Ckvemw. Iptd hnizmkßfpw I¿a-ßfpw \nbaßfpw hn[nhne°pIfpamWXns≥d D≈S°w. Ch kzoI

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cn® hyIvXnbmWv apkvenw, AYhm CkvemanIkaqlØnse AwKw. apkvenw amXm]nXm°∑mcpsS k¥Xnbmbn ]nd∂psh ∂XpsIm≠pam{Xw Hcmƒ CkvemanI kaqlØnse AwKamhp ∂n√. ssZhnI hn[nhne°pIƒ ]men®p Pohn°phm≥ Ah≥ Xb- m dmbm¬ Ckv e manI kaqlØnepw Xb- m ds√¶n¬ kaqlØn\p ]pdØpamWv Ahs≥d kvYm\w. AXpt]mseØ s∂ Aapkvenw amXm]nXm°fpsS k¥Xnbmbn ]nd∂bmƒ ssZhnIhn[nhne°pIƒ ]men®p Pohn°phm≥ Xbmdmbm¬ CkvemanIkaqlØnse AwKambn amdp∂p. P∑w sIm≠pam {Xw tam£Øn\p AbnØw I¬∏n°p∂ k{ºZmbw Ckveman \v Xo¿Øpw A]cnNnXamWv. ASnkvYm\]cambn kmtlmZcyØn¬ A[njvTnXamWv Ckv emanI kaqlw. a\pjysc√mw Htc amXm]nXm°fpsS a°fpw AXpsIm≠pXs∂ hnimeamb A¿Y- Ø n¬ F√mhcpw ktlmZcßfpamsW∂mWv Jp¿B\ns≥d A[ym]\w. A√m lp ]dbp∂Xv t\m°pI-: "tl, a\pjytc... Xo¿®bmbpw \nß sf \mw Hcp BWn¬ \n∂pw s]Æn¬\n∂pambn krjvSn®ncn°p ∂p. \nßƒ At\ym\yw Adntb≠Xn∂v \nßsf \mw hnhn[ kapZmbßfpw tKm{Xßfpam°pIbpw sNbvXncn°p∂p. Xo¿® bmbpw A√mlphns≥d ASpØv \nßfn¬ G‰hpw BZcWob≥ \nßfn¬ G‰hpw [¿Ω\njvT ]men°p∂h\mIp∂p'1. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d-™-p: "\nivNbambpw \nßfpsS ssZhw H∂v. \nßfpsSsb√mw ]nXmhpw Hcmƒ Xs∂. F√mhcpw BZan¬ \n∂p≈XmWv. BZtam aÆn¬ \n∂pw'2. a\pjy¿ BXy¥nIambn ktlmZcßfmsW¶nepw A\p `hXeØn¬ Ah¿ hyXykvX hn`mKßfmbn ]ckv]cw Ieln °p∂XmbmWv ImWm≥ Ignbp∂Xv. tZiobXbpsSbpw hwiob XbpsSbpw h¿K-obXbpsSbpw PmXobXbpsSbpw h¿W-shdn bpsSbpw hnImcßƒ a\pjysc `n∂n∏n°pIbpw am\knIhpw ImbnIhpamb Iem]ßƒ°v tlXphmIpIbpw sNøp∂p. P∑ Øns≥d t]cn¬ a\pjy¿ \n¿a-ns®SpØ Ipsd k¶pNnXXzß 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 49: 13 2.- ap-kv-enw-,- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv-

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fmWv Cu `n∂n∏ns≥d ASnØd. {]kvXpX k¶pNnXXzßƒ°v ssk≤m¥nIamb ASnkvYm\w \¬Ip∂Xn∂v a\pjy≥ ]S® ssZhßƒ Iq´p\n¬°pIbpw sNøp∂p. `mcXØns≥d im]w F∂p hntijn∏n°s∏Sp∂ h¿W-m{iahyhkvYbpsS ASnØd kvYnXnsNøp∂Xv thZØn¬ ImWp∂ ssZhk¶¬]Øn emWt√m. {_lvamhns≥d inc n¬ \n∂p P\n®h≥ DØa\pw ]mZØn¬ \n∂p ]nd∂h≥ A[a\pambn amdnbXv kzm`mhn Iambncp∂p. Cu kzm`mhnIXbpsS ImcWw sshZnI ssZhk ¶¬]Ønse A_≤ßfmbncp∂psh∂v ImWm\mhpw. a\pjysc k¶pNnXXzßfn¬ \n∂v apIvXcm°phm≥ GI ssZhhnimkØn∂mIpsa∂ hkvXpX ùXnIhmZnIƒ t]mepw kΩXn°p∂XmWv. Ieln®p Ign™ncp∂ {]mIrX a\pjysc sFIys∏SpØnbXv GIssZhhnizmkamsW∂ hkv X pX ùXnIhmZho£WØneqsS Ncn{X hymJym\w \n¿h-ln® tKm¿U≥ ssN¬Uv kΩXn°p∂p≠v. At±lw FgpXp∂Xv ImWpI: "Ahkm\ambn GIssZhw Ct∏mƒ F√mhcpsSbpw {kjvSmhmbXn\m¬ am\hcmin kvYnXnIamb Hscm‰ kapZm bamWv. Xs≥d kz¥w tKm{X ktlmZct\mtSm kl]uc∑m tcmtSm am{Xa√, F√m a\pjytcmSpas√¶n¬ NpcpßnbXv hnizmknIfptSXmb kapZmbØn¬s∏Sp∂ F√mhtcmSpw hwi tam cmjv{Sob Iqtdm t\m°msX \oXntbmSpw kXyk‘Xtbm Spw ZbtbmSpw IqSn s]cpamdphm≥ ssZh`bap≈ k∑m¿K-\ncX amb GsXmcmƒ°pw Ct∏mƒ _m[yXbp≠v'.-1 a\pjysc√mw GI\mb ssZhØns≥d krjvSnIfpw Ah s≥d kwc£WØn¬ Ignbp∂hcpamsW∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn ∏n°p∂Xv. D∂Xs\-∂pw A[as\∂pw kaqlw hn[n°p∂h¿ apgph≥ krjvSn°s∏ń´p≈Xv Hscm‰ ]Zm¿∞Øn¬ \n∂mWv˛ IfnaÆns≥d kØbn¬ \n∂v . am\hcminbpsS apgph≥ D¬∏Øn Hscm‰ amXm]nXm°fn¬ \n∂mWv˛BZan¬ \n∂pw l∆bn¬ \n∂pw. AhcpsS a°fmWv ˛ ktlmZcßfmWv ˛a\pjysc√mw. a\pjy≥ krjvSn® D®\oNXzßƒ°v a\pjy sc krjvSn® GIssZhØn¶¬ bmsXmcp kvYm\hpan√. 1. Gorden Child: What Happened In History Page 248

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CXmWv Ckvemans≥d kmtlmZcyhn`mh\. Cu hn`mh\ a\p jysc H∂n∏n°p∂p. shfpØ, kpµc∑mcmb, BdSntbmfw s]m°hpw \o≠ aq°pw s\‰nØShpap≈ Bcy∑mcmWv bYm¿ Y- a\pjysc∂pw, IdpØ hncq]nIfmb Gjy°m¿ ]cnWma L´Ønse GtXm ]q¿hXeapdtbm AXs√¶n¬ bYm¿Ya\pjycpw Ipcßp-Ifpw XΩn¬ CW tN¿∂p≠mbhtcm B sW-∂pw ln‰vedpsS BkvYm\ imkv{XPvR∑mscs°m≠v ]dbn∏n® ]cnWmahmZamWv a\pjysc√mw Htc amXm]nXm° fpsS a°fmsW∂ CkvemanI krjvSnkn≤m¥Øns≥d ]Icw sh°phm\mbn ùXnIhmZnIfpsS ssIhiap≈Xv. NcmNcßsf apgph≥ ]S°pIbpw ]cn]men°pIbpw sNøp ∂ Hcp ssZhaps≠∂ tIhe hnizmkØn\v a\pjya\ pI fn¬ Imcyamb kzm[o\sam∂pw sNepØm≥ Ignbn√. {kjvSm hn∂p ap∂n¬ am{Xta Xm≥ Xe Ip\n°pIbp≈qsh∂ ZrVam b {]XnPvRbneqsSbmWv {]mtbmKnIamb XeØn¬ kmtlmZ cyw bmYm¿Y-yamhp∂Xv. {]kvXpX {]XnPvR°p ap∂n¬ a\p jysc `n∂n∏n°pIbpw Bflobambn ASnaIfm°nsh°pIbpw sNøp∂ kIe I≈ssZhßfpw ihIpSocßfpw ]utcmlnXy hpsa√mw XI¿∂phogp∂p. GIssZhØn\p am{Xw sNøp∂ Bcm[\ a\pjysc H∂n∏n°p∂p. GIssZhØn\p≈ kmjv SmwKØn\p ap∂n¬ a\pjy\n¿anX k¶pNnXXzßsf√mw s]mń ØIcp∂p. hnizmkØneq∂nb I¿a-ßfmWv a\pjysc DØa cm°p∂sX∂ [mcW hfcptºmƒ P∑mhImiambn°nńb "Xe°\'ßsf√mw Xcn∏Wamhp∂p. Htcsbmcp ssZhw am{Xw˛ Ahs≥d krjvSnIfmb Hscm‰ P\Xbpw. AhnsS ]W°mc\pw ]Wn°mc\pan√; kztZinbpw hntZinbpan√; kh¿W\pw Ah¿ W\pan√; Xdhm´pImc\pw Xmgv∂h\pan√; apXemfnbpw sXmgn emfnbpan√. F√mhcpw GIssZhØns≥d Zmk∑m¿; Ah∂p apºn¬ am{Xw \an°p∂h¿. XmXznIambn a\pjysc√mw ktlmZcßfmsW¶nepw Cu kmtlmZcyw {]mtbmKnI XeØnte°p hcp∂Xv GIssZhmcm [\bneqsSbmWv. GI\mb {kjvSmhns\ am{Xw Bcm[n°p∂ XneqsS kXyhnizmknIfpsS KWØnse AwKambn amdp∂bm

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ƒ kzm`mhnIambpw a‰p apkvenwIfpsS ktlmZc\mbn amdp∂p. hnizmkØnepw I¿aßfnepw kz`mhßfnepsa√mw Cu kmtlmZcyw {]ISamhp∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWp I: "kXyhnizmknIƒ (]ckv]cw) ktlmZcßƒ Xs∂bm Ip∂p'1. Cu kmtlmZcyambncp∂p {]hmNIs≥d kaqlØn¬ \ne \n∂ncp∂Xv. B kaqlØn¬ Ad_nbmb A_q_°dpw A\d_nbmb k¬am\pap≠mbncp∂p; DSabmb Dadpw ASnabm b _nemepap≠mbncp∂p; ]W°mc\mb Dkvam\pw ]Wn°mc \mb bmkndpap≠mbncp∂p; shfpØh\mb Aenbpw IdpØh \mb sskZpap≠mbncp∂p. F√mhcpw ka∑m¿. Ah¿ ]ckv] cw a¬kcn®Xv XßfpsS Du°v ImWn°phmt\m Hu∂Xyw {]ISam°phmt\m th≠nbmbncp∂n√. {]XypX, IqSpX¬ IqSp X¬ [¿a\njvTcmIphm\pw Aßs\ ssZhØm¬ BZcn°s∏ Sp∂hcn¬ {]apJkvYm\w e`n°p∂Xn∂pw th≠nbmbncp∂p. kXyhnizmknIƒ XΩn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ kmtlmZcysØ °pdn®v {]hmNI≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xp ImWpI: "apkvenw apkvenan s≥d ktlmZc\mWv. Ah≥ Ahs\ A{Ian°pIbn√; \n lm bmhkvYbn¬ hnSpIbn√; \nµn°bn√'2. "Hcp sI´nSØns≥d hnhn[ `mKßƒ ]ckv]cw _ew sImSp°p∂Xpt]msebmWv Hcp kXyhnizmkn as‰mcp kXyhnizmkn°v'3. "Hcp kXyhnizmkn as‰mcp kXyhnizmknbpsS IÆmSnbm Wv; Hcp kXyhnizmkn as‰mcp kXyhnizmknbpsS ktlmZc\m Wv. ktlmZc\v \mi\jvSßƒ hcp∂Xv Ah≥ XS™p \n¿ Øpw. ]n∂n¬ IqSn Ahs\ kwc£n°pIbpw sNøpw'4. "kXyhnizmknIƒ Hscm‰ a\pjys\t∏msebmIp∂p. IÆns≥d BhemXn AbmfpsS apgph≥ BhemXnbmWv. inc ns≥d BhemXn AbmfpsS apgph≥ BhemXnbmWv'.5 1.- Jp-¿-B≥- 49: 10 2.- ap-kv-enw3.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw4.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv5.- ap-kv-enw-

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CkvemanIkaqlamIp∂ icocØns≥d Hmtcm Ahbhß fmIp∂p Hmtcm kXyhnizmknbpsa∂mWv {]hmNI≥ (k)]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. icocØns≥d Hcp AhbhØn\p≠mhp∂ {]bmkßƒ F¥pam{Xw icocsØbmIam\w £oWn∏n°ptam AXpt]mse Hcp kXyhnizmknbpsS {]bmkßƒ a‰p≈h¿°v IqSnbp≈ {]bmkambn A\p`hs∏SpIbpw AXp ZqcoIcn°p hm≥ H∂mbn ]cn{ian°pIbpw thWsa∂ DZmØamb Bib amWv {]hmNI≥ ChnsS {]ISn∏n°p∂Xv. kXyhnizmknIƒ XΩn¬ D≠mbncnt°≠ klIcWØns≥d Bgw a\ nem°p hm\pXIp∂ {]hmNI hN\w {i≤n°pI: "Fs≥d Poh≥ Bcp sS IønemtWm Ah\mWv kXyw, X\n°njvSs∏Sp∂Xv Xs≥d ktlmZc\pw CjvSs∏Sp∂Xphsc Hcmfpw kXyhnizmknbmhp Ibn√.-'1 Hcp kXyhnizmknsb A\ycpsS A{IaØn¬ \n∂v c£n°p I am{Xa√, Ah≥ A{IanbmIp∂Xp XSbpI IqSn sNtø≠Xv a‰p hnizmknIfpsS ISabmWv. aplΩZv \_n (k) ]d™p: "\ns≥d ktlmZc≥ A{Ianbmbmepw A{IaØn∂ncbmbmepw \o Ahs\ klmbn°pI'. CXptI´ Hcmƒ tNmZn®p: "ssZhZq Xsc, A{IaØn\ncbmIptºmƒ Ahs\ klmbn°m≥ F\n °dnbmw. F∂m¬ A{Ianbmbm¬ Fßs\bmWv Rm\hs\ klmbn°pI? \_n (k) {]XnhNn®p: "A{IaØn¬ \n∂v \o Ahs\ XSbWw. Aßs\bmWv \o Ahs\ klmbn t°≠Xv'.2 hnizmknIƒ XΩn¬ \ne\n¬t°≠ ]ckv]ckvt\lsØ °pdn®pw {]hmNI≥(k) ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. Cu kvt\lw ssZh {]oXn Imw£n®psIm≠msW¶n¬ AXp kz¿K-{]thiØn\p \nanØamIpsa∂pw {]hmNI≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂p. "Bsc¶nepw A√mlphn∂p th≠n kvt\ln°pIbpw A√mlphn∂p th≠n shdp°pIbpw A√mlphn∂pth≠n \¬IpIbpw A√mlphn∂pth≠n XSbpIbpw sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ hnizmkw ]q¿Ønbm°n'3. 1.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw2.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw3.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv-

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"aq∂v Imcyßƒ Hcmfnep≠mbm¬ Ah≥ hnizmkØns≥d am[pcya\p`hn®p. as‰√m‰nepap]cn A√mlphpw Ahs≥d ZqX \pw Ah∂v {]nbs∏´hcmhpI; Hcmsf A√mlphn∂v th≠nam {Xw kvt\ln°pI; AhnizmkØn¬ \n∂v A√mlp tamNnX\m °nb tijw ho≠pw AXnte°p aSßp∂Xv \cIØnsednb s∏Sp∂Xp t]mse shdp°pI'.1 "A√mlp ]d™ncn°p∂p: Fs≥d t]cn¬ ]ckv]cw kvt\ ln°p∂h¿°v {]ImiØns≥d ]oTßfp≠mbncn°pw. {]hmN I∑mcpw cIvXkm£nIfpw Ahsc s]mXnbp∂XmWv'.2 BZ¿iØns≥d ASnkvYm\Øn¬ ]ckv]cw kvt\ln°p∂ hnizmknIfpsS a\ pIfn¬ sFIyØns≥dbpw kmtlmZcy Øns≥dbpw hnImcßsf Zo]vXam°p∂XmWv Ah¿ ]ckv]cw sNøp∂ A`nhmZ\w. kXyhnizmknIƒ sNøp∂ A`nhmZyw Hcp NSsß∂Xnep]cnbmbn Hcp {]m¿Y- \ bmWv . Xs≥d ktlmZc\pth≠n ssZhtØmSp sNøp∂ Bflm¿Y-amb {]m¿Y-\. "A√mlphns≥d ImcpWyhpw kam[m\hpw Xm¶ƒ°p ta¬ D≠mIs´'sb∂ A`nhmZy {]Xy`nhmZyßƒ ssZham¿K Øn¬ ]ckv]cw kvt\ln°p∂Xn∂p≈ A`nhmRvO hf¿Øp Ibpw {]kvXpX kvt\lw cq-Vaqeam°pIbpw sNøp∂p. {]hm NI≥ (k) ]d™p: "Fs≥d BXvamhv BcpsS IønemtWm Ah≥ Xs∂bmWv kXyw! \nßƒ hnizmknIfmIpthmfw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]thin°pIbn√; ]ckv]cw kvt\ln°pthmfw \nßƒ hnizmknIfmhpIbn√: \nßƒ°v At\ym\yw kvt\ ln°m≥ ]‰p∂ Hcp Imcyw Rm≥ Adnbn°s´? \nßƒ \nßƒ°nSbn¬ "kemw' {]Ncn∏n°pI'.3 apkvenw kaqlØnse AwKßƒ XΩnep≈ _m[yXIsf t∏mseØs∂ hfsc {][m\s∏´Xmbn {]hmNI≥(k) ]Tn∏n® _m[yXbmWv Ab¬hmknIƒ XΩnep≈ _m[yX. "\nßfpsS Ab¬hmknItfmSv \nßƒ \√ \nebn¬ h¿Øn°pI'4sb∂ Jp¿B\nI I¬]-\ A\pkcn°p∂ hnizmkn Fßs\bmWv 1.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw2.- Xn-¿-ap-Zn3.- ap-kv-enw4.- Jp-¿-B≥- 4: 36

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Ab¬°mct\mSv s]cpamtd≠sX∂v {]hmNI≥ kz¥w PohnX ØneqsS ImWn®pXcp∂p≠v. Ab¬°m¿ XΩnep≈ Akzmc kyßƒ kmaqly {]iv\ßfmbnØocptºmƒ {]hmNIs≥d D]tZi \n¿tZißƒ F¥pam{Xw AaqeyßfmsW∂v \ap°v t_m[yamhpw. {]hmNI≥(k) ]d™p: "Ab¬hmknbpsS ImcyØn¬ Pn_vco¬ Fs∂ D]tZin®psImt≠bncp∂p. Ahkm\w Ab ¬hmkn°v kzØn¬ A\¥cmhImiw \nivNbn°ptam F∂p t]mepw F\n°v tXm∂nt∏mbn'.1 "B¿ A√mlphnepw A¥yZn\Ønepw hnizkn°p∂pthm Ah¿ XßfpsS Ab¬°mtcmSv \√ \nebn¬ h¿Øn°s´'2 "BcpsS ieyØn¬ \n∂mtWm Xs≥d Ab¬hmkn kpc £nX\mImØXv Ah≥ hnizmknbmhpIbn√.'3 "Ab¬hmkn ]´nWnInS°ptºmƒ hbdp \nd®pÆp∂h\√ kXyhnizkn'.4 "\o Idn ]mIw sNbvXm¬ A¬]w sh≈w tN¿Øv A[nIcn ∏n®ns´¶nepw \o Ab¬hmknsb ]cnKWn°pI'5. "\o \√ hyIvXnbmsW∂v \ns≥d Ab¬hmknIƒ ]dbp∂ Xv tI´m¬ \o \√bmfmsW∂v a\ nem°ns°m≈pI. \o NoØbmfmsW∂v \ns≥d Ab¬hmknIƒ ]dbp∂Xv tI´m¬ \o NoØbmfmsW∂v a\ nem°ns°m≈pI'.6 apkvenwIƒ ]ckv]cw ktlmZcßfmsW∂v ]d™pht√m. ]s£, bmsXmcp coXnbnepap≈ h¿§obX Ckvemw AwKoIcn °p\n√. kzktlmZcs\ \ymbamb am¿KØn¬ ]n¥pW°pI bpw klmbn°pIbpw sNøp∂Xv h¿§obXbs√∂mWv Ckvem ans≥d ImgvN∏mSv. kz¥°mc\mbn F∂ ImcWØm¬ Ah≥ sNøp∂ A\oXnIƒ°pw A\ymbßƒ°pw Iq´p \n¬°p∂Xm Wv CkvemanI ho£WØn¬ h¿§obX. "ssZhZqXtc F¥m 1.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-enw2.- ap-kv-enw3.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw4.- Xz-_v-dm-\n5.- ap-kv-enw6.- C_v-\p-am-P

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Wv h¿§obX?' F∂ A\pNcs≥d tNmZyØn\v {]hmNI≥ (k) \¬Inb adp]Sn "kz¥w BfpIsf A\ymbØn¬ ]n¥p W°¬'1 F∂mbncp∂p. h¿§obhmZnIƒ°v Ckveman¬ bmsXm cp kvYm\hpans√∂ hkvXpX {]hmNI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv ImWpI: "hn`mKobXbnte°v £Wn®h≥ \Ωn¬ s]´h\√; hn`mKobXbpsS t]cn¬ bp≤Ønte¿s∏´h≥ \Ωn¬ s]´h\√; hn`mKobXbpsS t]cn¬ acn®h\pw \Ωn¬ s]´ h\√'.2 CkvemanIkaqlØn¬ apXemfnbpw sXmgnemfnbpap≠mhp I kzm`mhnIamWv. kºq¿Æamb kmºØnIkaXzsa∂ Dt´m ]y≥ Nn¥mKXnsbm∂pw Ckvemw hn`mh\w sNøp∂n√. AtX kabw hyIvXnbpsS kmºØnIt\´ambncn°Ww auenIamb e£ysa∂ hmZsØbpw Ckvemw \ncmIcn°p∂p. AYhm tkm jyenkhpw Iym∏n‰enkhpw CkvemanI hrØØn\p ]pdØm Wv. Ch c≠pw {]mtbmKnIambn ]cmPbØn¬ Iemin®ncn°p ∂ C∂v CkvemanI kmºØnIhyhkvYbpsS {]kIvXn IqSp X¬ hyIvXamhpIbmWv sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. `qanbnse A\p{Klßƒ a\pjy\p th≠n krjvSn°s∏ ´n´p≈XmWv. A√mlphns≥d A\p{Klßƒ tXSns°m≠v `qan bn¬ hym]cn°phm≥ Jp¿B≥ a\pjytcmSmhiys∏Sp∂p. {]IrXn hn`hßsf D]tbmKn°phm\pw ssZhnIm\p{Klßsf tXSphm\pap≈ AhImiw F√m a\pjycptSXpamWv. GsX¶n epw Hcp hn`mKØn\p am{Xw {]]©Ønse hkvXp°ƒ Bkz Zn°phm\pap≈ AhImiw Ckvemw \¬Ip∂n√. {]IrXnsb D]tbmKn°phm\p≈ Hmtcm a\pjycpsSbpw AhImisØ \ntj[n°phm\p≈ A[nImchpw B¿°pan√. A[zm\n°phm \pw [\w kºmZn°phm\pap≈ AhImiw F√mh¿°pw Xpey amWv. kºmZn°phm\p≈ AhImiw a‰p hyIvXnItftbm kaq ltØtbm NqjWw sNøphm\p≈ A[nImcw B¿°pw \¬Ip ∂n√. AXpt]mseØs∂ {]IrXn hn`hßsf D]tbmKn®p sIm≠v D¬∏mZ\w \SØptºmƒ Ch ssZhØns≥d Zm\amsW 1.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv2.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv-

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∂pw Xßƒ°v CjvSap≈ coXnbnse√mw NqjWw sNømsa∂ hnNmcw sX‰msW∂pap≈ t_m[w a\pjy\p≠mhWw. AXn√mØXp sIm≠mWv "]ptcmKXn'bpsS elcnbpambn hyh kmbhXvIcWØnte¿s∏´ncn°p∂h¿, hyhkmbnImhinjvS ßƒ ]pdwX≈m\mbn G‰hpw em`Icamb coXn kzoIcn°p ∂Xpw AXn\m¬ kkyßfpsSbpw P¥p°fpsSbpw a\pjy s≥d Xs∂bpw \ne\n¬∏ns\ amcIambn _m[n°p∂ ]cnkvYn Xn{]iv\ßfp≠mhp∂Xpw. ]camh[n D¬]-mZn∏n°Wsa∂v Ckvemw \njvI¿jn°p∂p. D¬]-mZn∏n°phm\pw kºmZn°phm\pap≈ AhImiw Hmtcm hyIvXn°pap≠v. Fßs\bpw kºmZn°phm≥ Ckvemw A\ph Zn°p∂n√. [m¿a-nI\nbaßƒ ]men®p sIm≠mbncn°Ww hyIvXnIƒ kºmZnt°≠sX∂v \njvI¿jn°p∂ Ckvemw Cu cwKØv ]ment°≠ \nbaßƒ Fs¥ms°bmsW∂v ]Tn∏n®n ´p≠v. I®hSØneqsSbpw IrjnbneqsSbpw A[zm\ØneqsS bpw kºmZn°phm≥ AhImiw \¬Ip∂ Ckvemw Cu cwKß fnsem∂pw Xs∂ Ifhpw h©\bpw NqjWhpap≠mhcpsX∂p hyIvXambn \njvI¿jn°p∂p. Cu [m¿anI \nbaßƒ ]men ®psIm≠v hyIvXn t\Sp∂ kºmZyw Aht≥dXp Xs∂bmWv. cmjv{SØnt≥dtXm kaqlØnt≥dtXm A√. ]t£, Cu kºm ZyØn¬ \n∂v cmjv{SØns≥dbpw kaqlØns≥dbpw Bhiy Øn\pth≠n Nnehgn°m≥ Ah≥ XbmdmhWw. AXp hyIvXn bpsS _m[yXbmWv. Xm≥ kºmZn°p∂sXm∂pw X\n°p ≈Xs√∂ t_m[amWv IayqWnkv‰v cmjv{Sßfnse D¬∏m Z\tØmXv Ipdbm\pw Aßs\ {]kvXpX cmjv{SßfpsS XI¿ ®bv°pap≈ ImcWw. Xs≥d kºmZyw X\n°v CjvSap≈Xv t]mse Nnehgn°msa∂ hnNmcamWv apXemfnØtemI Øns≥d ]mfn®. Cu c≠v BXy¥nIXIsfbpw \ntj[n°p∂ Ckvemw kºmZn°phm\p≈ hyIvXnbpsS AhImiw AwKoIcn °pIbpw AXn¬ \n∂v CXc¿°pth≠n Nnehgnt°≠Xv Ah s≥d _m[yXbmsW∂v ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. I®hSw Ckvemw A\phZn°p∂p. ]eni \ntcm[n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. em`w AwKoIcn°pIbpw ]qgvØnsh∏pw sIm≈em`

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hpw \ntcm[n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. I®hSØn¬ Ir{XnaXzßfp ≠mhm≥ ]mSns√∂mWv Ckvemans≥d I¬]\. D¬]-mZ\cwKw NqjWapIvXamhWw. AXv F√mh¿°p apºnepw Xpd∂nSWw. D¬∏∂Øns≥d \yq\XIƒ ad®psh®p sIm≠v AXn∂v am¿°‰p≠m°p∂Xv Ckveman\p hncp≤amWv. Aekamb PohnXw Ckvemw \ncp’mls∏SpØp∂p. A\ ¥ckzØv [q¿ØSn®v Pohn°p∂h≥ sIm≈cpXmØh\mWv. CkvemanI kaqlØn¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ k°mØv hyhkvY CØcamfpIfpsS AekX AI‰p∂p. F{X henb kº∂\m bncp∂mepw h¿jw tXmdpw c≠c iXam\w Nnehgn°pIbm sW¶n¬ \m¬]-Xph¿jßƒ°p≈n¬ B kºØv Xo¿∂pt]m Ipsa∂ Nn¥ AekX AI‰pIbpw kºØns\ D¬]-mZ\cwK Ønd°phm≥ t{]cn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. [\Øns≥d kºmZ\Ønse∂t]mse D]t`mKcwKØpw ]men°s∏tS≠ hyIvXamb \nbaßƒ Ckvemanep≠v. ]nip °pw [q¿Øpw Ckvemw AwKoIcn°p∂n√. IpSpw_Øns≥dbpw kaqlØns≥dbpw Bhiyßƒ°v kºØv Nnehgnt°≠Xv AXv ssIhiap≈hs≥d I¿ØhyamWv. F∂m¬ kpJt`mK ßƒ°v AanXambn ]Ww Nnehgn°p∂Xns\ Ckv e mw \ntcm[n°p∂p. kmºØnIamb hnjaXIf\p`hn°p∂hsc klmbnt° ≠ _m[yX kaqlØn\mWp≈Xv. CXn∂mbn´mWv Ckvemw kI-mØv hyhkvY \S∏m°nbncn°p∂Xv. kº∂s≥d ASp Øp \n∂v h¿jmhkm\Ønse kºmZyØns≥d c≠c iXam \w cmjv{Stam kaqlw DØchmZs∏SpØnb kvYm]\ßtfm ]ncns®Sp°pIbpw A¿lXs∏´h¿°v hnXcWw sNøpIbp amWv kI-mØns≥d cq]w. kI-mØv \n¿_‘Zm\hpw [\n Is≥d kºmZyØns≥d ip≤oIcWhpamWv. CXp IqSmsXØ s∂ Zcn{Zsc klmbnt°≠Xv [\nIs≥d _m[yXbmbn´mWv Ckvemw ImWp∂Xv. CXn∂p th≠nbmWv Zm\w \¬Iphm≥ {]hmNI≥ (k) BPvRm]n®ncn°p∂vv. CØcw sFOnI Zm\ßfmWv "kZJ'sb∂v Adnbs∏Sp∂Xv.

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D¬]-mZ\sØbpw D]t`mKsØbpw Ipdn® Nne Jp¿B≥ kqIvXßfpw {]hmNI hN\ßfpw {i≤n°pI. "Ah\mWv `qanbnep≈sX√mw \nßƒ°pth≠n krjvSn®p X∂Xv'.1 "kzØpw k¥m\ßfpw sFlnI PohnXØns≥d Ae¶mc ßfmIp∂p. F∂m¬ \ne\n¬°p∂ k¬I¿a-ßfmWv \ns≥d c£nXmhn¶¬ DØaamb {]Xn- ^ eap≈Xpw DØaamb {]Xo£ \¬Ip∂Xpw'.2 "I®hSw A√mlp A\phZn°pIbpw ]eni \njn≤am°p Ibpw sNbvXncn°p∂p'3. "kXyhnizmknItf, \nßƒ ]ckv]cw kwXr]vXntbmSp IqSn \SØp∂ I®hS CS]mSp aptJ\b√msX \nßfpsS kzØp°ƒ A\ymbambn \nßft\ym\yw FSpØp Xn∂cpXv'.4 "Afhnepw Xq°Ønepw \nßƒ Ipdhv hcpØcpXv'5. "\nßƒ Af∂p sImSp°pIbmsW¶n¬ Afhv \nßƒ XnI ®p sImSp°pI. icnbmb Xpem psIm≠v \nßƒ Xq°ns°mSp °pIbpw sNøpI. AXmWv DØahpw A¥y ^eØn¬ G‰hpw sa®ambn´p≈Xpw.-'6 "F∂m¬ GsXmcmƒ Zm\w \¬IpIbpw kq£vaX ]men°p Ibpw G‰hpw DØaambXns\ kXys∏SpØpIbpw sNbvXp thm Ah∂v \mw G‰hpw Ffp∏ambXnte°v kuIcys∏SpØn s°mSp°p∂XmWv. F∂m¬ B¿ ]nip°v ImWn°pIbpw kzbw]cym]vXX \Sn°pIbpw G‰hpw DØaambXns\ \ntj [n®p X≈pIbpw sNbvXpthm Ah∂p \mw G‰hpw sRcp°ap ≈Xnte°v kuIcysamcp°ns°mSp°p∂XmWv'.7 "tNmZn®p hcp∂hs\ \o hnc´n hnSpIbpw sNøcpXv'8 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 29 2. Jp¿-B≥- 18: 16 3. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 275 4. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 29 5. Jp¿-B≥- 11: 84 6. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 35 7. Jp¿-B≥- 92: 5˛10 8. Jp¿-B≥- 93: 10

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"IpSpw__\v[ap≈h∂v Ahs≥d AhImiw \o \¬IpI. AKXn°pw hgnt]m°∂pw (AhcpsS AhImihpw). \o ([\w) Zp¿hybw sNøcpXv. Xo¿®bmbpw Zp¿hybw sNøp∂h¿ ]nimNp °fpsS ktlmZcßfmIp∂p.'1 "A√mlp \n\°v kºØv \¬Inbn´ps≠¶n¬ A\p{Kl Øns≥d Ombbpw alXzhpw Ah≥ \n∂n¬ ImWpamdmIs´'2. "CjvSap≈Xv `£n®p sIm≈pI, CjvSap≈Xv [cn®p sIm ≈pI; c≠p Imcyßƒ˛[q¿Øpw Al¶mchpw \ns∂ Xo≠m Ø ]£w'.3 "BUw_cØn¬ apgpImXncn°pI. BUw_c PohnXw ssZhZmk∑m¿°v A\ptbmPya√'.4 "kXyk‘\pw IWniX ]men°p∂h\pamb hym]mcn A¥y\mfn¬ {]hmNI∑m¿, kXy]meI∑m¿, cIvXkm£nIƒ, kZvhrØ¿ F∂nhtcmSv IqsSbmbncn°pw'.5 "h√Xpw hn¬°pIbmsW¶n¬ icn°pw Af∂p sImSp°pI, hmßn°ptºmƒ icn°pw Af∂v hmßn°pIbpw sNøpI'.6 "hn¬]-\®c°pIfpsS \yq\XIƒ hn¬]-\°mc≥ hmßp∂ h∂v hnhcn®p sImSpt°≠XmWv. F¶n¬ B CS]mSv kzoIm cyw Xs∂. A√mØ]£w AXv tæNvOhpamWv.'7 "h©\m kz`mhap≈ F√m I®hSßfpw \ntcm[n®ncn °p∂p'.8 "thKw hn‰gnbm\mbn km[\ßfpsS KpWw s]cp∏n®v ]dbp ∂Xv ip≤amb G¿∏mS√'9 "D≈Xp t]mse ]dbpIbpw hniZoIcn°pIbpw sNbvXm¬ CS]mSn¬ Ah¿ A\p{KloXcmhpw. I≈w ]dbpIbpw ad®p 1. Jp¿-B≥- 17: 26, 27 2. A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- \km-Cu3.- _p-Jm-cn4.- Alv-aZv5.- Xn¿-ap-Zn6.- _p-Jm-cn7.- _p-Jm-cn8.- ap-kv-enw9.- _p-Jm-cn,-- ap-kv-enw-

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sh°pIbpw sNbvXm¬ CS]mSnse A\p{Klw ambv°s∏Spw.1' "]qgvØnsh®h≥ ]m]nbmWv'.2 "henb hne°v hn¬°m\mbn [m\yw ]qgvØnshbv°p∂h≥ Ip‰hmfnbmWv'3. "{Ibnhn{Ib thfbnepw ISw aS°n tNmZn°ptºmgpw kuay ambn s]cpamdp∂hs≥d ta¬ A√mlp IcpW sNøs´'.4 "G‰hpw \√ \nebn¬ ISw hoSp∂h\mWv \nßfn¬ DØa≥'5. "]eni°v ]Ww ISw sImSp°p∂hs≥d taepw ]eni°v ] Ww taSn°p∂hs≥d taepw ]eni°v km£yw hln°p∂h s≥d taepw ]eni°W°v FgpXp∂hs≥d taepw A√mlphn s≥d im]ap≠mhp∂XmWvv'.6 "kXyhnizmknItf, aZyhpw NqXm´hpw {]Xnjv T Ifpw {]iv\wsh®p t\m°m\p≈ AºpIfpw ss]imNnIamb tæNvO hrØn am{XamIp∂p. AXn\m¬ \nßƒ AsXms° h¿PvPn °pI, \nßƒ hnPbw {]m]nt®°mw.'7 "aZyw, ihw, ]∂n, _nw_ßƒ ChbpsS hym]mcw A√mlp \njn≤am°nbncn°p∂p.-'8 D¬]-mZ\hpw hyhkmbhpw Irjnbpsa√map≠mIptºmƒ apXemfnbpw sXmgnemfnbpap≠mhpI kzm`mhnIamWv. Cu kzm`mhnIXsb Ckvemw AwKoIcn°p∂p. ]t£, sXmgnemfn˛ apXemfn_‘w kwL´\Ønt≥dXmhWsa∂v AXv ]Tn∏n°p ∂n√. sXmgnseSp°p∂Xns≥d amlmflyw {]hmNI≥ (k) Du ∂n∏d™n´p≠v. "sXmgnemfnbpsS ssIIƒ sIm≠p≈ kºmZyamWv G‰hpw \√ hn`hw'9. 1.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw2.- ap-kv-enw,- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- Xn¿-ap-Zn3.- C_v-\p-am-P 4.- _p-Jm-cn5.- _p-Jm-cn6.- ap-kv-enw-,- Xn¿-ap-Zn,- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv7.- Jp¿-B≥- 5: 90 8.- _p-Jm-cn9.- Alv-aZv-

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"G‰hpw ip≤amb `£Ww kz¥w Icßƒ sIm≠v kºmZn ®XmWvv'1. "sXmgnemfnsb A√mlp kvt\lnXs\t∏mse IW°m°p ∂p'.2 "A√mlp Xs≥d sXmgnemfnbmb Zmks\ CjvSs∏Sp∂p. Xs≥d IpSpw_Øn\pth≠n tPmensbSpØv £oWn®h≥ {]Xm ]hm\pw alm\pamb A√mlphns≥d am¿KØn¬ ]Ss]mcp Xp∂hs\t∏msebmWv.'3 sXmgnemfn°v A¿lamb Iqen \¬IWsa∂mWv Ckveman s≥d imk\. tPmen XpSßp∂Xn∂p apºpXs∂ Iqensb∏‰n sXmgnemfnbpw apXemfnbpw Hcp [mcWbnseØWw. Cßs\ [mcWbnseØnb Iqenbn¬ A¬]w t]mepw Ipdbv°msX sXmgnemfnbpsS hnb¿∏v h‰p∂Xn∂p apºpXs∂ sImSp° Wsa∂mWv {]hmNI≥ I¬∏n®ncn°p∂Xvv. sXmgnemfnsb NqjWw sNbvXv ]Ww kºmZn°phm\p≈ apXemfnbpsS A`nhmRvO°v ISn™mWn´ Ckvemw sXmgnemfn°v Xs≥d tPmenbn¬ Bflm¿Y- X bp≠mhWsa∂pw ]Tn∏n°p∂p. {]hmNI≥ ]d™p: "sXmgnemfnsbs°m≠v the sNøn®v thX \w \¬ImØh≥ A¥y\mfn¬ A√mlphns≥d i{Xphmbn cn°pw'4. hnizmknIfpsS Iq´mbvabn¬ \n∂mWt√m CkemanI kaq lap≠mhp∂Xv. apkvenw kaqlw a‰p P\hn`mKßfpambn ]q¿ W-ambpw klnjvWpXbnemWv Igntb≠sX∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. a‰p aXkaqlßfpambn apkvenwkaqlw h¿Øn t°≠ klnjvWpXbpsS AXn¿hcºv F¥mbncn°Wsa∂ Imcyw hfsc hyIvXambn hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ hc®pImWn°p∂p ≠v. "aXImcyØn¬ \nßtfmSv bp≤w sNømXncn°pIbpw \nß fpsS hoSpIfn¬ \n∂v \nßsf ]pdØm°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp ∂hsc kw_\v[n®nStØmfw \nßfh¿°v \∑sNøp∂Xpw 1.- _p-Jm-cn2.- ss_lJn3.- Alv-aZv4.- _p-Jm-cn-

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\nßfhtcmSv \oXn ImWn°p∂Xpw A√mlp \nßtfmSv \ntcm [n°p∂n√. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp \oXn ]men°p∂hsc CjvS s∏Sp∂p. aXImcyØn¬ \nßtfmSv bp≤w sNøpIbpw \nßfp sS hoSpIfn¬ \∂v \nßsf ]pdØm°pIbpw \nßsf ]pdØm °p∂Xn¬ ]ckv]cw klIcn°pIbpw sNbvXhsc kw_ \v[n®p am{XamWv˛AhtcmSv ssa{Xn ImWn°p∂Xv˛ A√mlp \ntcm[n°p∂Xv. h√hcpw AhtcmSv ssa{Xo_‘w ]pe¿Øp∂]£w Ah¿ Xs∂bmIp∂p A{IaImcnIƒ.'1 CkvemantIXckaqlßƒ apkvenw kaqlØns≥d \ne\n ¬]v tNmZywsNømØnStØmfw Ahcpambn klnjvWpXbnepw kvt\lØnepw IgnbWsa∂ Jp¿B\nse D]cypIvX \n¿tZ iØns≥d \nZ¿i\ambncp∂p {]hmNIs≥dbpw A\pNc ∑mcpsSbpw PohnXsa∂Xn\v Ht´sd Ncn{X hkvXpXIƒ km£yw hln°p∂p. CkvemanIkaqlØns≥d s]mXphmb DØchmZnØßfn¬ G‰hpw {][m\s∏´XmWv kXyaXkm£ysa∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. apkvenwkaqlØns≥d G‰hpw henb khn tijXbmbn Jp¿B≥ {]kvXmhn°p∂Xv \∑bnte°p £Wn °pIbpw Xn∑ hntcm[n°pIbpw sNøpIsb∂ kz`mhsØ bmWv. Cu kz`mhamWv CXc P\kaqlßfn¬ \n∂v Ckvem anI kaqlsØ hyXncnIvXam°p∂Xv. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ apkvenw kapZmbØns≥d \ne\n¬∏ns≥d e£yw Xs∂ \∑bnte°v P\ßsf £Wn°pbpw Xn∑bn¬ \n∂v Ahsc XSbpIbpw sNøpIsb∂XmWv. CXmWv CkvemanI kaqlsØ DØa kapZmbam°n am‰p∂Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "a\pjy hwiØn\pth≠n cwKØp sIm≠phcs∏´ DØa kap ZmbamIp∂p \nßƒ. \nßƒ kZmNmcw I¬]n-°pIbpw Zpcm NmcØn¬ \n∂v hne°pIbpw A√mlphn¬ hnizkn°pIbpw sNøp∂p.'2 "\∑bnte°p £Wn°pIbpw kZmNmcw I¬]n°pIbpw ZpcmNmcØn¬ \n∂v hne°pIbpw sNøp∂ Hcp kapZmbw 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 60: 8,- 9 2. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 110

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\nßfn¬ \n∂v D≠mbncn°s´. Ahsc{X hnPbnIƒ'.1 GIssZhmcm[\bpw {]hmNINcybv°\pkrXamb {]h¿ Ø\ßfpamIp∂p Ckvemans≥d ho£WØn¬ G‰hpw henb \∑. _lpssZhmcm[\bpw {]hmNINcybv°p hncp≤amb {]h ¿Ø\ßfpamWv G‰hpw henb Xn∑. At∏mƒ \∑ Ckvemapw Xn∑ kXy\ntj[hpamIp∂p. CkvemanI kaqlsØ DZmØ am°p∂Xv \∑bnte°p≈ £Whpw Xn∑bn¬ \n∂p≈ XSb epamsW∂ hnip≤ Jp¿B\ns≥d {]kvXmh\bn¬ \n∂v CkvemanI {]t_m[\w apkvenw kapZmbØns≥d s]mXphmb DØchmZnØhpw a‰p kapZmbßfn¬ \n∂v AXns\ hyXn cnIvXam°p∂ khntijXbpamsW∂v a\ nem°mw. Cu DØ chmZnØw \n¿h-ln°p∂Xn¬ \n∂v hnapJXImWn°p∂ apkv enwIfpsS Iq´mbvabv°v hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ hntijn∏n® DØa kapZmbw F∂ hntijWØn\v A¿lXbns√∂v kmcw. tIheamb aX{]NmcWsa∂Xnep]cnbmbn CkvemanI kaqlw \n¿h-lnt°≠Xv kXyaXkm£yamsW∂mWv hnip ≤ Jp¿Bs≥d A\pimk\. "A{]Imcw \mw \nßsf Hcp DØa kapZmbam°nbncn°p∂p. \nßƒ P\ßƒ°v km£nI fmbncn°phm\pw dkq¬ \nßƒ°v km£nbmbncn°phm\pw th≠n'.2 A¥na{]hmNI≥ kzkapZmbØn¬ Fßs\ kXykm £yw \n¿h-ln®pthm A{]Imcw kXyhnizmknIfpsS kaqlw XßfpsS kaqlØn¬ km£yw hln°Wsa∂mWt√m Cu ssZhI¬]\bn¬ \n∂p a\ nemIp∂Xv. kpZrVamb hnizm khpw amXrIm]camb I¿a-coXnIfpw ]pe¿Øp∂ kXyhnizm knIfptSXmb kwLsØ sI´n∏Sp°pIbpw {]kvXpX kwLw {]hmNIs≥d PohnX amXrI ]n≥]‰n Ckveman∂p km£yw hln°pIbpw kzPohnXØneqsS a‰p≈hsc Ckvemante°v £Wn°pIbpw sNøWsa∂mWv Cu I¬]-\bpsS kmcw. km£yØns≥d A¿Y-w a\ nem°m\pXIp∂ as‰mcp Jp¿ B≥ kqIvXw ImWpI: "A√mlphns≥d am¿K-Øn¬ kacw 1. Jp¿-B≥- 3: 104 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 143

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sNtø≠ apd{]Imcw \nßƒ kacw sNøpI. Ah≥ \nßsf D¬IrjvScmbn sXcs™SpØncn°p∂p. aXImcyØn¬ bmsXm cp {]bmkhpw \nßfpsS ta¬ Ah≥ NpaØnbn´n√. \nßfpsS ]nXmhmb C_vdmloans≥d am¿K-as{X AXv. apºpw CXnepw Ah¿ \nßƒ°v apkvenwIsf∂ t]cv \¬Inbncn°p∂p. dkq¬ \nßƒ°v km£nbmbncn°phm\pw \nßƒ P\ßƒ°v km£n bmbncn°phm\pw th≠n. BIbm¬ \nßƒ \akvImcw apdt]m se \n¿hln°pIbpw, kI-mØv \¬IpIbpw, A√mlpsh apdp sI∏nSn°pIbpw sNøpI. Ah\mWv \nßfpsS c£m[nImcn. F{X \√ c£m[nImcn! F{X \√ klmbn!'-1 kz¥w PohnXsØ kXyaXØns≥d km£yam°ns°m≠pw PvRm\hpwbpIvXnbpw kZp]tZihpap]tbmKn®v kwhZn®p sIm ≠pw kXyaXØns≥d ktµiw a‰p≈h¿°v FØn®psImSp °Wsa∂mWv hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ I¬∏n°p∂Xv. ]S®Xºpcm≥ {]hmNIt\mSmbn I¬]-n® Imcyßƒ {]hmNI\n¬ \n∂v km£yw G‰phmßnb DØa kapZmbØnse AwKßƒs° √mw _m[IamWv. "bpIvXnZo£tbmSp IqSnbpw, kZp]tZiw aptJ\bpw \ns≥d c£nXmhns≥d am¿KØnte°v \o £Wn®p sIm≈pI. G‰hpw \√ coXnbn¬ Ahcpambn kwhmZw \SØp Ibpw sNøpI. Xo¿®bmbpw \ns≥d c£nXmhv Xs≥d am¿K-w hn´v ]ng®pt]mbhsc∏‰n \√hÆw Adnbp∂h\s{X. k∑m¿Kw {]m]n®hsc∏‰nbpw Ah≥ \√hÆw Adnbp∂h\s{X'.2 kZp]tZiØneqsS Ckvemans≥d {]kIvXn t_m[yam°n s°mSpØpsIm≠pw kzPohnXØneqsS AXns≥d {]mtbmKn IX sXfnbn®psIm≠pw kXyaXØnte°v P\ßsf £Wn°p Isb∂ DØchmZnØtas‰SpØncn°p∂h¿°v Hcn°epw Bscbpw \n¿_‘n®v kz¥w aXØnte°v sIm≠phcm≥ Ign bn√. aXImcyØn¬ bmsXmcp \n¿_‘hpw ]mSns√∂pw Hcmƒ kza\ msebmWv hnizmkw kzoIcnt°≠sX∂pw Jp¿B≥ hyIvXam°p∂p. "aXØns≥d ImcyØn¬ _e{]tbmKan√. k∑m¿K-w Zp¿am¿§Øn¬ \n∂v hyIvXambn th¿Xncn™p 1. Jp¿-B≥- 22: 78 2. Jp¿-B≥- 16: 125

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Ign™ncn°p∂p'1. _lpaXkaqlsa∂ Bibw Ckvemw AwKoIcn°p∂p. a\pjys\ ssZhw krjvSn®Xp Xs∂ Ah∂v CjvSap≈Xp sXcs™Sp°phm\p≈ Ignhp \¬Ins°m≠mWv F∂Xn\m¬ Xs∂ A`n{]mb hyXymkßfpw hyXykvX hn`mKßfpw kzm`m hnIamWv. kzX{¥amb sXcs™Sp∏n\v Ignhv \¬Inb A√m lphn∂√msX a\pjyscsb√mw H∂n®v hnizmknIfm°n am‰p hm≥ IgnbpIbn√. Aßs\ A√mlp am‰p∂ ]£w kzX{¥ \mb krjvSnsb∂ \nebv°p≈ a\pjys≥d khntijamb AkvXnXzw \jvSs∏SpIbpw sNøpw. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ temI Øp≈ a\pjysc√mw Hcpt]mse hnizmknIfmhpIsb∂Xv A{]mtbmKnIamWv. AXv Hcn°epw D≠mhpIbn√. kXyhnizm kØnte°v £Wn°pI am{XamWv sNtø≠sX∂pw AXp kzoIcn°phm≥ th≠n \n¿∫‘nt°≠Xns√∂pw {]hmNIs\ DZvt_m[n∏n°p∂ Jp¿B≥ kqIvXßƒ {i≤n°pI: "\ns≥d c£nXmhv Dt±in®ncp∂psh¶n¬ `qanbnep≈hsc√mw H∂n®v hnizmkn°pambncp∂p. F∂ncns° P\ßƒ kXyhnizmkn fmIphm≥ \o Ahsc \n¿_\v[n°pItbm?'2 "AXn\m¬ \o D¬t_m[n∏n°pI. \o Hcp D¬t_m[I≥ am{XamIp∂p. \o AhcpsSta¬ A[nImcw sNeptØ≠h\√'3. _e{]tbmKØneqsS Ascsb¶nepw k∑m¿KØnem°m≥ Ignbpsa∂v hnNmcn°p∂Xv shdpsXbmWv. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ Ckvemw _e{]tbmKØn¬ hnizkn°p∂n√. F∂m¬ Ckvem anI {]t_m[\w F∂ apkvenw kaqlØns≥d _m[yX \n¿h ln°p∂Xn\v hnLv\w krjvSn°p∂ iIvXnIsf _eap]tbm Kn®v \o°n°ftb≠Xv Bhiyambnhcptºmƒ AXv Ckvemw A\phZn°p∂p≠v. Ckveman¬ bp≤w A\phZ\obamIp∂Xv ChnsSbmWv. kam[m\Øns≥d aXamb Ckvemw A{IaØn\c bmIp∂hcpsS kwc£WØn\pw kXyaXa\pkcn®v Pohn°p hm\pw AXv {]Ncn∏n°phm\pap≈ kzmX{¥yØn\pw th≠n 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 256 2. Jp¿-B≥- 10: 99 3. Jp¿-B≥- 88: 21, 22

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AScmSphm≥ apkvenwItfmSv I¬∏n®ncn°p∂p. A{Iaw Ah km\n∏n®v kam[m\w kvYm]n°phm\mWv Ckvemw bp≤w A\phZn°p∂Xv. bp≤Øn¬ t]mepw am\yX ssIshSnbm≥ ]mSns√∂pw ]cn[n ewLn°cpsX∂pamWv Jp¿B\ns≥d imk \: "\nßtfmSv bp≤w sNøp∂hcpambn A√mlphns≥d am¿K Øn¬ \nßfpw bp≤wsNøpI. F∂m¬ \nßƒ ]cn[nhn´v {]h¿Øn°cpXvv. ]cn[nhn´v {]h¿Øn°p∂hsc A√mlp CjvSs∏Sp‡s∂bn√'.1 "bp≤Øn\ncbmIp∂h¿°v Ah¿ a¿Z-nXcmbXn\m¬ (Xncn® Sn°m≥) A\phmZw \¬Is∏ńcn°p∂p. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp Ahsc klmbn°phm≥ Ignhp≈h≥ Xs∂bmIp∂p. bmsXm cp \ymbhpw IqSmsX "RßfpsS c£nXmhv A√mlphmWv' F∂p ]dbp∂Xns≥d t]cn¬ am{Xw XßfpsS `h\ßfn¬ \n∂v ]pdØm°s∏´hcs{X Ah¿. a\pjycn¬ Nnesc a‰p Nnescs°m≠v A√mlp XSp°p∂n√mbncp∂psh¶n¬ ]e k\ymknaTßfpw {InkvXob tZhmebßfpw blqZtZhmeb ßfpw A√mlphns≥d \maw [mcmfambn {]Io¿Øn°s∏Sp∂ apkvenw]≈nIfpw XI¿°s∏Spambncp∂p. Xs∂ klmbn°p ∂Xmtcm Ahsc A√mlp klmbn°pw. Xo¿®bmbpw A√mlp iIvX\pw {]Xm]nbpw Xs∂bmIp∂p'.2 "A√mlphns≥d am¿K-Øn¬ \nßƒs°¥psIm≠p bp≤w sNbvXpIqSm? "RßfpsS c£nXmth, A{IanIfmb BfpIƒ A[nhkn°p∂ Cu \mń¬\n∂v Rßsf \o tamNn∏n°pIbpw \ns≥d hIbmbn Hcp c£m[nImcnsbbpw \ns≥d hIbmbn Hcp klmbnsbbpw Rßƒ°v \o \nivNbn®p XcnIbpw sNtø Wta' F∂v {]m¿Y-n®p sIm≠ncn°p∂ a¿Z-ns®mXp°s∏´ ]pcpj∑m¿°pw kv{XoIƒ°pw IpńIƒ°pw th≠nbpw (\nß ƒs°¥p sIm≠v bp≤wsNbvXpIqSm?). hnizmknIƒ A√m lphns≥d am¿KØn¬ bp≤w sNøp∂p. AXn\m¬ ]nimNns≥d an{Xßfpambn \nßƒ bp≤Ønte¿s∏´p sIm≈pI. Xo¿®bmbpw ]nimNns≥d IpX{¥w Zp¿_eamIp∂p'2. 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 190 2. Jp¿-B≥- 23: 39, 40 3. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 75, 76

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"C\n Ah¿ kam[m\Ønte°v Nmbvhv ImWn°p∂ ]£w \obpw AXnte°v Nmbvhv ImWn°pIbpw A√mlphns≥d ta¬ `cta¬∏n°pIbpw sNøpI'1. apkvenw kaqlw bp≤w sNøphm≥ \n¿_-‘nXcmhpIbm sW¶n¬ kaqlØnse Ignhpw BtcmKyap≈hsc√mw bp≤Øn\v k∂≤cmth≠XmWv . CltemIØp≠mhp∂ t\´ßtf°mƒ ]ctemIsØ {]Xn^ew Imw£n°p∂ hnizm knIƒ°v XßfpsS hnizmk kwc£WØn\pth≠n sIm√ s∏Sp∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp ssha\kyhpap≠mhpIbn√. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "CltemI PohnXsØ ]ctemIØn\v ]Icw hn¬°m≥ Xbmdp≈h¿ A√mlphns≥d am¿KØn¬ bp≤wsNøs´. A√mlphns≥d am¿KØn¬ bp≤wsNbvXn´v Ah≥ sIm√s∏´mepw hnPbw t\Snbmepw \mw Ah∂v alØmb {]Xn^ew \¬Ip∂XmWv.'2 kXyaXØns≥d kwc£WØn\pth≠n \SØp∂ kacß sf√mw PnlmZv Xs∂bmIp∂p. kmbp[ kacw am{Xa√ PnlmZv. "kz¥w icoctØmSv kabw sNøp∂h\mWv bYm¿∞ apPmlnZv'3 F∂ {]hmNIhN\w Xn∑Ifn¬ \n∂pw ss]im NnI {]hWXIfn¬ \n∂pw AI∂p\n¬°pIsb∂ ]ca{][m \amb [¿a- k asØbmWv kqNn∏n°p∂Xv . _u≤nIhpw ImbnIhpamb IgnhpIfp]tbmKn®v Ckvemans\ {]Xntcm[n °p∂Xv PnlmZv Xs∂bmWv. "XßfpsS [\w sIm≠pw tZlw sIm≠pw kacw sNøp∂hsc Hgn™ncn°p∂htc°mƒ A√m lp ]Zhnbn¬ Db¿Ønbncn°p∂p.'4 Xs≥d kIeam\ Ign-hp Ifpap]tbmKn®v Hcp apkvenw \SØp∂ k¿h-tXm∑pJamb kacamWv PnlmZv F∂v CkvemanI ]finX\mb C_v\p dpjvZns≥d \n¿∆N\w {it≤bamWv. "A{Ianbmb `cWm [nImcnbpsS apºn¬ \oXnbpsS hm°p®cn°emWv G‰hpw t{ijvTamb PnlmZv'5 F∂ {]hmNI hN\w PnlmZns≥d hnhn[ 1. Jp¿-B≥- 8: 61 2. Jp¿-B≥- 4: 74 3 Xn¿-ap-Zn 4.- Jp¿-B≥- 4: 95 5.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv,- Xn¿-ap-Zn-

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am\ßfnte°v shf®whoip∂p. bp≤w PnlmZns≥d `mKamWv; ]s£ Ch c≠pw ]cymb]Zßf√. PnlmZv kz¥w icoctØm Spw i{XpkaqltØmSpw ]nimNnt\mSpw sNøp∂ kacßfpsS BsIØpIbmWv. Ckvemans≥d kmtlmZcyk¶¬]w {]mtbmKnIam°pIbpw kmºØnIkn≤m¥ßƒ \S∏n¬ hcpØpIbpw \∑bnte°p ≈ £Whpw Xn∑bn¬ \n∂p≈ XSbepw khntijXbmbn kzoIcn°pIbpw ssZham¿KØn¬ kacw sNøm≥ k∂≤X {]ISn∏n°pIbpw sNøp∂ kaqlamWv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Ckvem anI kaqlw F∂p hnfn°s∏Sphm≥ A¿lambncn°p∂Xvv; Cu kaqlamWv "DØa kapZmbw' F∂ Jp¿B\ns≥d hnti jWØn\v A¿lambncn°p∂Xv.

C-cp-]-XvCkvemanI cmjv{Sw kmaqlyPohnbmb a\pjy\v \ne\n¬°phm≥ Nne \nba ßƒ BhiyamsW∂v \ap°dnbmw. Cu \nbaßƒ s]mXpsh c≠p XcamWp≈Xv. hyIvXn ]ment°≠ \nbaßfpw kaqlw \S∏nemt°≠ \nbaßfpamWh. CXn¬ c≠masØ XcØn ¬s]-´ \nbaßƒ \S∏mt°≠Xn\v DØchmZnØap≈ kvYm] \amWv `cWkwhn[m\w. \mKcnIXtbmfw Xs∂ ]g°ap ≈XmWv `cWkwhn[m\sa∂mWv D¬J\\KthjWßƒ hyIvXam°p∂Xv. Hcp XcØnes√¶n¬ as‰mcp XcØnep≈ `cWhyhkvYIƒ F√m ]ucmWnI\mKcnIXIfnepw \ne\n ∂ncp∂psh∂mWv a\ nem°m≥ Ign™n´p≈Xv. Hc {]tXyI `cWkwhn[m\Øn\p Iogn¬ hcp∂ P\]Zhpw `qhn`mKhpa SßnbXmWv cmjv{Sw. Hmtcm kaqlØ-ns≥dbpw cmjv{Sob \nb aßfmWv B kaqlØns≥d \ne\n¬∏v F¥pam{Xw `{Zhpw _enjvThpambncp∂psh∂v hyIvXam°p∂Xv. hyIvXnbpw kaqlhpw XΩnep≈ _‘sØ°pdn®v H∂ne [nIw ho£Wßƒ \ne\n¬°p∂p≠v. Hcp kmaqlyPohnsb ∂ \nebv°v a\pjys≥d hyIvXnXzw kaqlØns≥d krjvSnbm sW∂pw AXpsIm≠pXs∂ hyIvXnXzhf¿®bv°pw kmaqlyam ‰Øn\pw th≠n kaqlw \ne\n¬°p∂ \nbaßfnemWv BZy ambn am‰whcptØ≠sX∂mWv Hcp ho£Ww. ^mjnkw apX¬ IayqWnkw hscbp≈ XXzimkv{XßfpsS ho£Wan

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XmWv. hyhkvYnXnbpsS am‰w aptJ\ am{Xsa a\pjycn¬ Fs¥¶nepw cq]Ønep≈ ]cnh¿Ø\ap≠mhq F∂ {]Xyb imkv{XßfpsS ImgvN∏mSv a\pjy≥ Ncn{XØns≥d krjvSn bmWv F∂ AhbpsS ASnkvYm\XØ-zØns≥d A\nhmcyam b Xm¬]cyamWv. Ncn{XØnepS\ofw ImWmhp∂Xv hyXykvX cwKßfn¬ {]tim`n® hyIv X nIsfbmsW∂pw AXpsIm ≠pXs∂ hyIvXnIfmWv Ncn{Xw krjvSn°p∂sX∂pap≈ ho£WamWv as‰m∂v. Cu ho£W {]Imcw kaqltam kmaq ly\nbaßtfm H∂pwXs∂ HcmfpsS hyIv X nXzØns≥d cq]oIcWØn¬ bmsXmcp ]¶pw hln°p∂n√. hyIvXnIfmWv Ncn{XØns≥d tI{µ_nµpsh∂ Cu ho£W{]Imcw kmaqly am‰Ønt\m ]cnh¿Ø\Ønt\m Imcyamb {]kIvXnbn√. Cu c≠p ho£Wßfpw Ckveman∂v A\yamWv. tIheamb Hcp kmaqlyhnπhØneqsS a\pjyscsb√mw Aßp kwkvI cn®pIfbmsa∂ Dt´m]y≥ [mcWsbm∂pw Ckvemw hf¿Øp ∂n√. ]cnh¿Ø\w XpStß≠Xv hyIvXnbpsS a\xkvYnXnbn¬ \n∂v Xs∂bmWv. GIssZhmcm[\bpw ]ctemI t_m[hp amWv hyIvXnsb hnaeoIcn°phm≥ t]m∂ D]IcWßsf∂m Wv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. {kjvSmhpw kwc£I\pamb k¿hiIvX\p ap∂n¬ am{Xw kmjvSmwKw \an°p∂hcpw acWm\¥c PohnXØn\pth≠n ]WnsbSp°p∂hcpw {]hmNINcy ]n¥pS cp∂hcpamb Iptd hyIvXnIsf krjvSn°pIbmWv kmaqly ]cnh¿Ø\Øn\v BZyambn th≠Xv. {]kvXpX hyIvXnIƒ IS∂psN√p∂ taJeIsf√mw At∏mƒ kzm`mhnIambpw hnaeoIrXamhpw. Aßs\ kwkvIcn°s∏´ Hcp kaqlØn\v hºn® kmaqlyam‰ßfp≠m°phm≥ Ignbpw. hyhkvYnXnbpsS am‰Øn\p apºmbn hyIvXnIfpsS a\xkvYnXnbnemWv am‰w htc≠sX∂mWv CkvemanIho£Ww. "P\w P\m[n]Xy]cam hmsX P\m[n]XyØn\v \ne\n¬°m\mhn√' F∂ B[p\n Icmjv{SaoamwkIcpsS A`n{]mbw C∆njbIambn Ckveman\p ≈ AwKoImcamsW∂ ImcyØn¬ kwiban√. cmjv{SØobsØ°pdn®v Ckvemans≥d ho£Ww AXns≥d kaqlk¶¬]Øns≥d `mKamWv. cmjv{Sans√¶n¬ Ckveman∂v

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

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Xs∂ \ne\n¬∏ns√∂ hmZw ASnkvYm\clnXamWv. AtX t]mseØs∂bmWv cmjv{SobØn¬ CkvemanI \nbaßƒ s°m∂pw {]kIvXnbns√∂ hmZhpw. CXp c≠pw c≠v BXy¥n IXIfmWv. C∆njbIamb CkvemanI ho£WamIs´ Cu BXy¥XIƒ°v as[ybmWv Xm\pw. Hcp CkvemantIXc cmjv{SØn¬ Pohn°p∂ apkvenans\ kw_\v[n®nStØmfw Ah∂v ]men°phm≥ Ignbp∂ cmjv{Sob \nbaßƒ Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂p≠v. cmjv{Sw Ckveman\p hncp ≤amImØnStØmfw Xs≥d cmPyØns≥d ]ptcmKXn°pth≠n {]h¿Øn°p∂tXm cmPyImcyßfn¬ ]¶phln°p∂tXm apkv enan\v \njn≤a√. alm\mb bqkp^v \_n (A)bpsS Ncn{Xw hnhcn°p∂nSØv Jp¿B≥ C°mcyØnte°mWv shfn®w hoip ∂Xv. CkvemwaXw kzoIcn®n´n√mXncp∂ Hcp cmPmhn\p Iogn¬ a{¥n]Zw hln® B alm\mb {]hmNI≥ \oXn]men°pIbpw cmjv{Stkh\w \n¿hln°pIbpw sNbvXpsh∂v Jp¿B\nse Ncn{XIY\w hyIvXam°p∂p. Ckveman\p hncp≤a√mØ ASnkvYm\mZ¿ißfn¬ta¬ kvYm]nXamb Hcp cmjv{SØns≥d Ip©nIkvYm\ßƒ hln°ptºmƒ apkvenwIƒ Fßs\bm bncn°Wsa∂v {]kvXpX IY\Øn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°m≥ Ignbpw. aX˛[m¿a-nIaqeyßfn¬ \n∂v hyXnNen°msX, Hcp Ckvem antIXc cmjv{SØnse cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ ]¶mfnbm hp∂Xn¬ \n∂v kXyhnizmknIsf XSbp∂Xn∂v hnip≤ Jp¿ B\ns≥dtbm Xncp\_nNcybptStbm bmsXmcp ]n≥_ehp an√. Hcp apkvenw PohnØn¬ F√m cwKßfnepw CkvemanIamb hn[nhne°pIƒ ]men°m≥ _m[ykvY\mbXpt]mse cmjv {SobØnepw {]kvXpX hn[nhne°pIƒ ]men°phm≥ _m[ykv Y\mWv. cmjv{SobØn¬ aX[m¿a-nIaqeyßƒ°v bmsXmcp hnebpans√∂ ho£Ww Ckveman∂v A\yamWv. "ssZhØn\p ≈Xv ssZhØn\pw kok¿°p≈Xv kok¿°pw' F∂ N¿®n s≥d hn`P\coXnbpw Ckvemw AwKoIcn°p∂n√. `cWcwK Øp≈h¿ ssZhnIamb hn[nhne°pIƒ ]men°Wsa∂v iIvXambn \njvI¿jn°p∂ aXamWv Ckvemw. AgnaXnbpw

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kzP\]£]mXnXzhpw h©\bpw NqjWhpsam∂pw cmjv{Sob {]h¿Ø\Øns≥d `mKambn Hcp apkvenw kzoIcn°phm≥ ]mSn √mØXmWvv. Hcp cmjv{Sw CkvemanIamhp∂Xv AńadnbneqsStbm Xo{h hmZ{]h¿Ø\ßfneqsStbm A√; {]XypX, `cWobcnep≠m hp∂ a\x]cnh¿Ø\ßfneqsSbs{X. AńadnbneqsS Ckvem anI cmjv{Sw kvYm]n°Wsa∂v {]hmNI\v (k) hnNmcap≠mbn cp∂psh¶n¬ At±lØns≥d {]hmNI PohnXØns≥d BZy L´Øn¬ Xs∂ AXv km[yamIpambncp∂p. At±lØn\SpØv Jpssdio {]Xn\n[nbmb DX-v_Øp_v\p d_oA h∂v Xs≥d {]t_m[\{]h¿Ø\ßƒ \ndpØns®m¬ ]Wtam {]Xm]tam XcpWnItfm A[nImctam F¥mWv Bhiysa∂vsh®m¬ AXv \¬Imsa∂v ]d™t∏mƒ Hcp sNdnb Ańadn \SØnbm¬ aXnbmbncp∂p. {]hmNI\ntbmKØns≥d e£yw ]t£, Ańa dnbneqsS CkvemanIcmjv{Sw \n¿a-n°pIbmbncp∂n√. {]XypX, P\ßsf kwkvIcn°pIbpw kwkvIrXamb Hcp kaqlsØ krjvSn®v temIØn\v amXrIbmhpIbpambncp∂p. Hcp Ckvem anIcmjv{Sw \n¿a-n®v AXns≥d kmcYnbmhpIb√ {]hmNI≥ sNbvXXv; adn®v Hcp cmjv{SØnseØnt®cphm\mhiyamb kmaqlyhnπhØn\v ]mXsbmcp°pIbmbncp∂p. CkvemanIcmjv{Sw F∂v ]dbptºmƒ Ckvemw Yntbm{Ikn AwKoIcn°p∂psh∂v sX‰n≤cn°phm\nSbp≠v. Ckvemw F√m A¿Y-Ønepw Yntbm{Ikn°v FXncmWv. ssZhØns≥d t]cn ¬ Hcp {]tXyI aX]ptcmlnX h¿K-w A[nImcw ssIbmfp∂ hyhkvYnXnbmWv Yntbm{Ikn. ]ptcmlnX∑mcn¬ ]cnip≤m flmhns≥d km∂n[yaps≠∂Xn\m¬ Ah¿ sX‰p ]‰mØhcm sW∂ [mcWbmWv Cu hyhkvYnXnbpsS ASnØd. AXp sIm≠p Xs∂ ssZhØns≥d t]cn¬ ]ptcmlnXkaqlw ]d bp∂ \nbaßƒ Hcp Yntbm{Im‰nIv kvs‰bn‰n¬ tNmZyw sNøs∏SmsX AwKoIcn°s∏Sp∂p. ]ptcmlnX≥ ssZhØn s≥d {]Xn\n[nbmsW∂pw ssZhØns≥d `qanbn¬ `cWw \S Øm\pw \nba\n¿amWØn∂pw ssZh{]Xn\n[n°mWv A[nImcsa∂pamWv Yntbm{IknbpsS ASnkvYm\ XØ-zw.

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Ckvemw `cWm[nImcn°v A{]amZnXzaps≠t∂m Abmƒ ssZh Øns≥d {]Xn\n[nbmsWt∂m ]Tn∏n°p∂n√. ssZhnI\nba ßƒ°\pkcn®v hn[n \SØphm≥ P\ßfm¬ sXcs™Sp °s∏´ Hcmƒ am{XamWv Jeo^. AXpsIm≠mWt√m Jeo^m Da¿ Hcp s]mXp{]kwKØn¬ Xm≥ sX‰mb hgn°p \oßpI bmsW¶n¬ Xs∂ XncpØWsa∂v P\ßtfmSv A`y¿Y- n ®t∏mƒ hmƒ Db¿Øn∏nSn®p sIm≠v "CXp sIm≠v Rßƒ Xm¶sf XncpØpw' F∂v \n t¶mNw ]dbm≥ Hcp km[mcW ]uc≥ ss[cyw ImWn®Xv. Hcp Yntbm{Im‰nIvkvt‰‰n¬ ]qtcmlnX≥ ssZh{]Xn\n[nbm bn´mWv ]cnKWn°Ws∏Sp∂sX∂Xn\m¬ Xs∂ Abmƒ ]d bp∂Xv tNmZywsNømsX AwKoIcn°s∏Sp∂p. CkvemanI cmjv{SØnemhs´, ssZhnIhn[nhne°pIƒ {]Imcw `cn°phm \mbn sXcs™Sp°s∏´ Hcp km[mcW°mc\mWv Jeo^sb ∂Xn\m¬ AbmfpsS {]h¿Ø\ßsfbpw hnPvRm]\ß sfbpw aXØns≥d aqe{]amWßfp]tbmKn®v hna¿in°phm≥ Hmtcm ]uc\pw AhImiap≠v. hc≥ h[phn\v \¬tI≠ hnhm laqeyw (alv¿) h¿[-n®p hcp∂Xv I≠ -Jeo^ AXn\v ]cn[n \nivNbnt°≠Xns≥d BhiyIXsb°pdn®v Hcp s]mXp{] kwKØn¬ hyIvXam°n. kZ n¬ \n∂v Hcp kv{Xo Fgpt∂‰v \n∂v {]amWßfpsS ASnkvYm\Ønep≈ \ymbßfp≤cn®v AXns\ FXn¿Øp. \ymbßƒ icnbmsW∂v t_m[ys∏´ Jeo ^m Da¿ alv¿ \nb{¥n°phm\p≈ Xs≥d Xocpam\w ]n≥hen ®p. Jeo^bpsS Xocpam\ßsfbpw hnPvRm]\ßsfbpw GsXmcp km[mcW ]uc\pw hna¿in°m≥ Ignbp∂ Ckvem anI `cW kwhn[m\w Yntbm{Ikn°v hn]coXamsW∂XmWv hmkvXhw. Jeo^bpsS hyIvXn]camb Imcyßsf°pdn®v t]mepw tNmZywsNøphm\p≈ AhImiw CkvemanIcmjv{SØnse ]uc∑m¿°p≠v. Hcn°¬ Jeo^m Da¿ Hcp s]mXp{]kwKw \SØns°m≠ncns° kZ n¬ \ns∂mcmƒ Fgpt∂‰v \n∂v "Xm¶ƒ AWn™ tae¶nbpsS XpWn FhnsS \n∂v e`n®psh ∂v Adnbp∂Xphsc Xm¶ƒ ]dbp∂Xv tIƒ°m≥ Rßƒ

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Xb-md√' F∂v ]d™p. P\ßƒ°v s]mXpJP\mhn¬ \n∂v hkv{Xw hnXcWwsNbvX kµ¿`ambncp∂p AXv. F√mhscbpw t]mse `cWm[nImcn°pw e`nt°≠Xv Xpey HmlcnbmsW ∂pw {]kvXpX Hmlcn D]tbmKn®v Dadn(d)\v DSp∏v Xbv°p hm\mhns√∂pw a\ nem°nb Bfmbncp∂p tNmZyI¿Ømhv. AbmfpsS hna¿i\Øns≥d D∂w a\ nem°nb Da¿ (d) Xs≥d ]p{X\mb A_vZp√sb(d)sb hnfn®v B tNmZyØn\v DØcw \¬Im\mhiys∏´p. X\n°v e`n® HmlcnIqSn Xm≥ ]nXmhn\v \¬Insb∂pw {]kvXpX c≠v HmlcnIƒ Iq´n t®¿ØmWv Xs≥d ]nXmhv hkv{Xw Xbv®sX∂pw A_vZp√(d) hniZoIcn® tijamWv tNmZyI¿Ømhv ASßnbncp∂v Jeo^bpsS {]kwKw XpScphm\\phZn®Xv. hntbmPn°phm\pw hna¿in°phm\pap≈ kzmX{¥yw CkvemanI cmjv{SØnse ]uc∑mcpsS auenImhImiamsW∂v a\ nem°m≥ Csbmcp kw`hw Xs∂ [mcmfamWv. CØcw kw`hßƒ CkvemanI Ncn{XØnepS\ofw ImWmw. F∂m¬ ssZhnI \nbaßfpsSbpw \n¿tZißfpsSbpw ASn kvYm\Øn¬ `cW\n¿hlWw \SØp∂ Jeo^sb A\pk cn°m≥ cmjv{SØnse ]uc∑msc√mw _m[ykvYcmWv. ssIIm cyI¿Øm°ƒ (Dep¬ Awdv) F∂v Jp¿B≥ hntijn∏n®ncn°p ∂Xv CØcw `cWI¿Øm°sfbmWv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "kXyhnizmknItf, \nßƒ A√mlphns\ A\pkcn °pI. (A√mlphns≥d) ZqXs\bpw \nßfn¬ \n∂p≈ ssIIm cyI¿Øm°sfbpw (Dep¬ Awdv) \nßƒ A\pkcn°pI'.1 A√mlphns≥dbpw ZqXs≥dbpw \nba\n¿tZißƒ°v hnt[ bambn {]h¿Øn°ptºmƒ am{Xta Cu A\pkcWw _m[y kvYamhp∂p≈qs∂v {]hmNI≥ (k) ]Tn∏n®n´p≠v. "hncq]\mb Hcp ASnabmWv \nßfpsS t\Xmsh∂ncn°nepw ssZhØns≥d {KŸa\pkcn®v \nßsf \bn°p∂nStØmfw Absf \nßƒ A\pkcn°W'2sa∂v \njvI¿jn® {]hmNI≥ Xs∂ "\∑bn¬ 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 4: 59 2.- ap-kv-enw3.- _p-Jm-cn-,- ap-kv-enw-

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- Tn∏n®n´p≠v. Chbn¬ \n∂v CkvemanIcmjv{SØns≥d Jeo] ^ ssZhØns≥d {]Xn\n[nbmbn Ahtcm[nX\mbn X∂njvSw {]h¿Ønt°≠h\s√∂pw Aßs\ sNøp∂psh¶n¬ Abmsf A\pkcnt°≠ _m[yX hnizmknIƒ°ns√∂pw hyIvXambn a\ nem°m≥ Ignbp∂p. CkvemanIcmjv{Sw Yntbm{Im‰nIv As√¶n¬ Utam{Im‰nIv BtWmsb∂ tNmZyw {]kIvXamWv. P\ßƒ°v A`n{]mbw ]dbphm\pw \oXnt\SnsbSp°phm\pap≈ kwhn[m\ßƒ \ne\n¬°p∂ cmPyØn∂mWv sUtam{Im‰nIv F∂p ]dbp ∂sX¶n¬ CkvemanIcmjv{Sw \qdpiXam\hpw Utam{Im‰nIv BsW∂v ]dbmhp∂XmWv. F∂m¬ P\lnXØns≥d t]cn¬ A[m¿a-nIXIfpw A\mimky{]h¿Ø\ßfpw A\phZn° s∏SpIsb∂mWv Utam{Ikn A¿Y-am°p∂sX¶n¬ AXn∂v Ckvemw \qdp iXam\w FXncmWv. CkvemanI aqeyßfpsS ASnkvYm\Øn¬ am{Xta cmjv{SØn¬ P\lnXw \S∏m°s∏ SpIbp≈qsh∂v kmcw. `qcn]£w P\ßƒ hy`nNmcw km¿∆ {XnIam°Wsa∂v A`n{]mbw ]d™mepw CkvemanIcmjv{S Øn¬ hy`nNmcw A\phZn°s∏SpIbn√. ImcWw, AXv hnip≤ Jp¿B≥ {]Zm\w sNøp∂ aqeyk¶¬∏Øn\v hncp≤amWv. `qcn ]£Øns≥d ]n¥pW t\SnsbSp°m≥ th≠n Ah¿°mhiyap ≈sX√mw sNbvXpsImSp°pIsb∂ P\mbØcmjv{SobØn s≥d IdpØ apJw CkvemanI cmjv{SØn\p≠mhn√. AhnsS P\lnXw ]cntim[n°s∏Sp∂Xv hyIvXamb [m¿a-nI \nbaß fpsS shfn®Ønembncn°pw. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ `qcn]£Øn \p th≠n F¥p tXm∂nhmkhpw sNøphm≥ CkvemanIcmjv{S Ønse `cWm[nImcnIƒ°v Ignbn√. Cu A¿Y-Øn¬, Ckv emanI cmjv{Sw Yntbm{Ikn°pw Utam{Ikn°pw as[ybmsW ∂p ]dbmw. Cu c≠p aoamwkIfnsebpw \√ hißƒ Ckvem anIcmjv{Sw Dƒs°m≈p∂ps≠∂p kmcw. Hcp cmjv{SØnse \nbaßfpw AhnSpsØ ]uc∑mcpw XΩn ep≈ _‘w cmjv{Saoamwkbnse {][m\s∏´ hnjbßfnsem ∂mWv. P\m[n]Xy cmjv{SØn¬ \nba\n¿a-mWw \SØp∂Xv P\{]Xn\n[n k`bmsW¶nepw ]uc\v X∂n¬ ASnt®¬∏n°

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s∏Sp∂hbmbn´mWv \nbaßƒ A\p`hs∏Sp∂sX∂mWv kmaqln imkv{XPvR∑mcpsS ]£w. D]t`mKkwkvImcw \ne \n¬Ip∂ kaqlØn¬ Cu hnImcw A¬]-w XojvWambncn °pw. Xs≥d kpJn°phm\p≈ AhImiØnt∑¬ cmjv{Sw ASnt®¬∏n°p∂ hne°pIfmbn´mWv \nbaßƒ AØcw kaq lßfnse ]uc∂v A\p`hs∏SpI. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ \nba Øns≥d Ipcp°pIfn¬ \n∂v c£s∏Sm≥ Ah≥ ]camh[n {ian°pw. AgnaXnbpw h©\bpw P\m[n]XyØns≥d Dt]m¬ ]-∂ambn amdp∂Xv AXpsIm≠mWv. CkvemanIcmjv{SØnem Is´, Xm≥ A\pkcn°p∂Xv ssZhnI\nbaßfmsW∂ [mcW bp≈Xn\m¬ \nbaewL\ßƒ Ipdhmbncn°pw. Xs≥d ùXn Ihpw ]mc{XnIhpamb tam£Øn\v A\nhmcyamb \nbaß fmWv Xm≥ A\pkcn°p∂sX∂ [mcW ]ucs\ cmjv{St ØmSp Iqdp≈h\m°nØo¿°pw. k¿th-m]cnbmbn \nba]meI cpsS IÆpshń®mepw \nbaZmXmhmb ]S®Xºpcms≥d IÆp shń°m≥ km[yas√∂ hnizmkw Ahs\ Ckv e manI cmjv{SØnse \nbaßƒ ]ckyambpw clkyambpw A\pkcn °p∂h\m°nØo¿°pw. AXmWv Hcp Zp¿_e \nanjØn¬ hy`nNcn®pt]mb CkvemanI cmjv{SØnse ]ucs\ Kh¨ sa≥dn\p apºn¬ {]Xy£s∏´v Xm≥ sNbvX sX‰v G‰p]d™v in£ inckmhln°p∂h\m°nØo¿ØXv. clkyambp≈ \nbaewL\Øn¬ \n∂pt]mepw cmjv{SØnse ]uc∑msc XSbphm≥ X°hÆap≈ cmjv{Skwhn[m\w krjvSn°phm≥ Ckveman∂√msX at‰Xv XØ-zimkv{XØn\mWv Ig™n´p≈Xv? CkvemanIcmjv{SØnse \nba\n¿amWØns≥d ASnkvYm\ t{kmX pIƒ hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw Xncpkp∂ØpamWv. Ch bpsS ASnkvYm\ØnemWv Jeo^ \oXn \n¿h-lnt°≠Xv. \oXn kvYm]n°phm≥ `cWXeØn¬ kzoIcnt°≠ kvYmbn bmb ASnkvYm\aqeyßƒ am{XamWv Jp¿B≥ A\pimkn®n cn°p∂Xv. \oXn\ymbØns≥d hniZmwißƒ Jp¿B\n¬ ]cm a¿in°s∏ńń√. ImeØn\pw ]cnXxkvYnXnIƒ°pa\pkcn®v P\ßfpsS Bhiyßƒ°v am‰ap≠mIpsa∂Xn\m¬ hniZamb \nbaßƒ Hmtcm kaqlØns≥dbpw Xm¬]cyßƒ°\p

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krXambn \n¿a-n°phm≥ Ckvemw kzmX{¥yw \¬Ip∂Xn \memWnXv. kvYeImeßƒ°\pkcn®v am‰whcmØ s]mXp \nbaßƒ \n¿tZ-in°pIbpw hniZmwißƒ Hmtcm kaql Øns≥dbpw Xm¬]cyØn\p tbmPn®hn[w Xbmdm°m≥ hnSpI bpamWv Ckvemw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. ]t£, Cu hniZmwißƒ Jp¿B\ns≥dbpw kp∂Øns≥dbpw Xm¬]cyßƒ°v hncp≤ amhcpXv. C°mcyw {i≤nt°≠Xv Jeo^amcpsS NpaXebmWv. CtXt]mseØs∂bmWv Ckvemanse sXcs™Sp∏v coXn bpw. {]hmNI≥ (k) Xs≥d ]n≥Kmansb \nivNbn°msXbmWv tZlhntbmKw sNbvXXv. Hcp Kh¨sa≥dv cq]oIcWØns≥d \nivNnXcq]w {]hmNI≥ (k) ImWn®p X∂n´n√. F∂m¬, cmjv{SØns≥d auenIkz`mhßfpw khntijXIfpsas¥√m amsW∂v I¿a-]YØneqsS At±lw ImWn®p X∂n´p≠v. {]kvXpX khntijXIfneq∂n \n∂psIm≠v kµ¿`Øns\m Ø Kh¨sa≥dv cq]oIcWcoXn kzoIcn°phm\p≈ hn]peam b km[yX°v AwKoImcw \¬IpIbmWv {]hmNI≥ sNbvXXv. cq]oIcWØns≥d coXntb°mf[nIw {][m\w Kh¨sa≥dv Fßs\ \oXn\n¿hln°Wsa∂Xpw ]uc∑mcpw Kh¨sa ≥dpw XΩn¬ \ne\n¬t°≠ _‘sa¥mbncn°Wsa∂Xp amWv. C°mcyßfnte°mWv {]hmNI≥ Xs≥d PohnXØneq sS shfn®w ]I¿∂ncn°p∂Xv. Xs≥d ]n≥Kmansb \nivNbn°msXbmWv {]hmNI≥(k) tZlhntbmKw sNbvXsX∂p ]d™pht√m. hwihmgvN°v bm sXmcp ]gpXpw \¬ImsXbmWv At±lw acWaS™Xv . Ckv e manI`cWw Xs≥d IpSpw_Øns≥d AhImiambn am‰Wsa∂v At±lØn\v Dt±iap≠mbncps∂¶n¬ \njv{] bmkw km[n°pambncp∂p. lminaohwihmgvN°pth≠n {ian °msX A°mcyw P\ßfpsS Xocpam\Øn\v hn´psImSp°pI bmWv Xncp\_n(k) sNbvXXv. {]hmNI hntbmKØn\ptijw Kh¨sa≥dv cq]oIcWØns≥d {]iv\w A\pNc∑m¿ ssI Imcyw sNbvXXv At±lw ]Tn∏n® auenIXXzßfpsS ASnkv Ym\Øn¬ \n∂psIm≠mbncp∂p. aplΩZv \_n(k)bpsS acWtijw arXtZlw kwkvIcn°p∂Xn\v apºpXs∂ A\p

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

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Nc∑m¿ kJo-^Øp _\o kCuZn¬ HØpIqSn. N¿®Iƒ°p tijw {]hmNIm\pNc∑mcn¬ {]apJ\mb A_q_°¿ (d) Fgpt∂‰p\n∂v Da¿, A_q Dss_ZØp¬ P¿dmlv F∂nhcpsS t]cp \n¿tZin®psIm≠v Ahcnsemcmsf sXcs™Sp°phm \mhiys∏´p. DSs\ Da¿(d) "Xm¶tf°mƒ AXn∂¿l\mbn a‰mcpan√' F∂p ]d™v A_q_°dnt\mSv ssI\o´phm≥ Bh iys∏SpIbpw At∏mƒ Xs∂ At±lØns≥d Icw {Kln®p sIm≠v A\pkcW {]XnPvR (ss_AØv) sNøpIbpw sNbv Xp. AXn∂ptijw F√mhcpw AXn∂v AwKoImcw \¬IpIbpw A_q_°dn\v ss_AØv sNøpIbpw sNbvXp. c≠mw Jeo^bmb Dadn(d)s\ \nban®Xv A_q_°¿ (d) Bbncp∂p. At±lw Xs≥d ]n≥Kmanbmbn Hcmsf sXcs™ Sp°phm≥ P\ßtfmSv Bhiys∏´p. At∏mƒ {]kvXpX sXc s™Sp∏n\p≈ apgph≥ A[nImchpw P\ßƒ At±lØn\v Xs∂ \¬In. H∂mw Jeo^ A_q_°¿(d) Xs≥d ]n≥Kman BcmIWsa∂ hnjbsØ°pdn®v A_vZpdlvam\p_v\p Hu^v, Dkvam\p_v\p A^v-^m≥, kCuZp_v\psskZv, DsskZp_v\p lpssk¿ XpSßnb {]K¬`cpambn BtemNn® tijw {]kvXp X kvYm\Øn\v A¿l≥ Da¿(d) Xs∂bmsW∂v Xocpam\Øn seØn. Jeo^bmbn \nban°s∏SbpS≥ Da¿(d) sNbvX s]mXp {]kwKØn¬ At±lw ]d™p: "\nßfpsS taep≈ Cu A[n ImckvYm\w Rms\mcn°epw B{Kln®ncp∂X√. ]tcXs≥d a\ n¬ A√mlp tXm∂n® Hcp ImcyamWXv. F∂n¬ `cta ¬∏n°s∏´ Cu "A\maØv' A\¿lcmb Bscsb¶nepw G¬ ∏n°Wsa∂v Rm≥ hnNmcn°p∂n√. F∂m¬, apkvenwIfpsS A¥ v Db¿Øphm≥ Ignbpsa∂v {]Xo£n°p∂ B¿°pw Cu kvYm\w G¬]-n°phm≥ Rms\mcp°amWv. AhcmWv AXn∂v IqSpX¬ A¿l¿.' CXv tI´ P\ßƒ H∂S¶w Xßfn jvSs∏Sp∂Xv Dadns\Øs∂bmsW∂v {]Jym]n°pIbmWp ≠mbXv. Hcp LmXIs≥d IptØ‰v acWiøbn¬ InS°p∂ Dadn(d) t\mSv Xs≥d ]n≥Kmansb \nivNbn°phm≥ th≠n apkvenwIƒ Bhiys∏´p. At±lw Dkvam\p_v\p A^v^m≥, Aenøp_v\p

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

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A_oXzmen_v, A_vZp¿dlvam\p_v\p Hu^v, kpss_dp_v\p Ahmw, Xz¬lØp_v\p Dss_Zn√mlv, kAvZp_v\p A_oh Jmkv F∂nhcpƒs°m≈p∂ Hcp BdwK kanXn cq]oIcn®v Ahcn¬ \n∂v Hcmsf Jeo^bmbn sXcs™Sp°phm≥ {]kv XpX kanXnsbØs∂ NpaXes∏SpØn. Xs≥d aI\mb A_vZp√mlv_v\p Dadns\ IqSnbmtemN\bn¬ klmbn°phm \mbn kanXnbnte°v £Wn°Wsa∂v \n¿tZ-in®tXmsSm∏w Xs∂ At±lsØ sXcs™Sp°cpsX∂pw Da¿(d) \njvI¿ jn®ncp∂p. kanXn ktΩfn®t∏mƒ Xs∂ A_vZpdlvam\p_v\p Hu^v kvYm\m¿Y-nXzØn¬ \n∂v ]n≥hmßn. At∏mƒ P\ß fpambn kº¿°Ønte¿s∏´v Ah¿ B{Kln°p∂ hyIvXnbp sS t]cv \n¿tZin°\mbn kanXn At±lsØ NpaXes∏SpØn. P\ßfpambp≈ kº¿°Øn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ CjvSs∏Sp∂Xv Dkvams\bpw AensbbpamsW∂pw `qcn]£w Dkvamt\msSm ∏amsW∂pw At±lw a\ nem°n. apkvenwIsf apgph≥ AXn ∂ptijw At±lw aZo\bnse akvPnZp∂_hnbn¬ hnfn®p Iq´n. "Xm¶sf A[nImcta¬∏n®m¬ A√mlphns≥d {KŸhpw Xncp\_nbpsS Ncybpw ]q¿h-nIcmb c≠p Jeo^-amcpsS Ncybpw A\pkcn®v `cWw \SØptam?' Aensb A`nkwt_m [\ sNbv X psIm≠v A_dplv a m\n_v \ p Hu^v tNmZn®p. "Ignh\pkcn®v \SØpw' F∂mWv Aen(d) adp]Sn \¬InbXv. CtX tNmZyw Dkvamt\mSv tNmZn®t∏mƒ "AsX'sb∂v A\p_ ‘sam∂pw IqSmsX At±lw adp]Sn \¬In. DSs\Øs∂ A_vZpdlvam\p_v\p Hu^v Dkvams≥d Icw {Kln®psIm≠v A\pkcW {]XnPvR sNbvXp. XpS¿∂v a‰p apkvenwIsf√mw At±lØn\v ss_AØv sNbvXp. Dkvam≥(d) h[n°s∏´t∏mƒ ssk\yØeh∑m¿ h∂v Aen(d) tbmSv A[nImctas‰Sp°m\mhiys∏´p. Aen(d) A[n Imctas‰Sp°phm≥ hnkΩXn°pIbmWp≠mbXvv. aZo\bnse XeapXn¿∂ t\Xm°ƒ sN∂v I≠v A[nImctas‰Sp°m≥ Bhiys∏´t∏mƒ ]≈nbn¬sh®v s]mXpss_AØv \S°p IbmsW¶n¬ Xm≥ A[nImctas‰Sp°msa∂v At±lw kΩXn®p. Aßs\ aZo\bnse akvPnZp∂_hnbn¬ apkvenw

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

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_lpP\ßƒ ktΩfn®p ss_AØv sNbvX tijamWv Aen (d) A[nImctas‰SpØXv. k®cnXcmbncp∂ \mep Jeo^amcpsS sXcs™Sp∏v coXn Iƒ hyXykvXambncp∂psh¶nepw Ahbnse√mw s]mXpP\m`n {]mbØn\v A¿lamb kvYm\w \¬Is∏´ncp∂psh∂v apIfn¬ hnhcn® Ncn{XØn¬ \n∂v hyIvXamWv. Ckvemans≥d ASnkv Ym\XXzßfn¬ \n∂v hyXnNen°msX kabm\pkrXamb sXcs™Sp∏pcoXn kzoIcn°phm≥ Ckv e mw kzmX{¥yw \¬Inbncn°p∂psh∂v kmcw. a‰p cmjv{Skwhn[m\ßfnteXp t]mse CkvemanIcmjv{S Ønepw \nba\n¿amWk` (legislature), \n¿hlW hn`mKw (ex ecutive), \oXn\ymbhn`mKw (judiciary) XpSßnbh \ne\n¬ °p∂p. {]hmNIs≥dbpw k®cnXcmb Jeo^-amcpsSbpw Ncn{XØn¬ \n∂v ChbpsS LS\tbbpw kz`mhsØbpw Ipdn ®v \ap°v a\ nem°phm≥ Ignbpw. CkvemanI cmjv{SØns≥d \mbI≥ Jeo-^bmsW∂v ]d ™pht√m. hnip≤ Jp¿B\nepw {]hmNINcybnepw hyIvXam °s∏´ ASnkvYm\XXzßƒ°\pkrXambn cmjv{SsØ \bn °pIbmWv Jeo-^bpsS DØchmZnØw. Jp¿B\nepw kp∂ Ønepw hyIvXambn hnhcn°s∏SmØ H´\h[n {]iv\ßƒ Hcp cmjv{SØn\v ssIImcyw sNtø≠Xmbn hcpat√m. cmjv{So b{]iv\ßfn¬ JfinXamb \nbaßtf°mf[nIw ]men°s∏ tS≠ XXzßfmWv hnip≤Jp¿B≥ ]cma¿in°p∂Xv. Cu XØ-zßfpsS shfn®Øn¬, Ckvemans≥d Bflmhn\nWßp∂ hn[Øn¬ \nba\n¿ΩmWw \StØ≠Xv Jeo-^bpsS _m[yX bmWv. Cu \nbaßƒ \n¿a-nt°≠Xv Jeo^bpsS X∂njvS{] Imca√; {]XypX IqSnbmtemN\bneqsSbmWv. IqSnbmtemN\m kanXnsbbmWv CkvemanIcmjv{SØn¬ "iqdm' F∂p hnfn °p∂Xv. {]hmNI≥t]mepw cmjv{Sobamb {]iv\ßƒ IqSnbm temN\bneqsSbmbncp∂p Xocpam\n®ncp∂sX∂v ImWm≥ Ignbpw. "Imcyßfn¬ \o AhtcmSv IqSnbmtemNn°pIbpw sNøpI'1 F∂mWv {]hmNIt\mSp≈ ssZhnII¬]-\. A_q 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 3: 159

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

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lpdbvd(d) ]dbp∂p: "{]hmNIs\t∏mse kz¥w A\pbmbnI fpambn C{Xtbsd IqSnbmtemN\ sNøp∂ as‰mcp hyIvXnsb bpw Rm≥ I≠n´n√'.1 A\pbmbnIfpambn IqSnbmtemNn°pIbpw AhcpsS A`n {]mbßƒ am\n°pIbpw sNbvX Bfmbncp∂p {]hmNI≥(k). _Zv¿ bp≤thfbn¬ BZyw sXcs™SpØ Xmhfw am‰nbXpw DlvZvbp≤Øn\v ]pds∏´Xpw J≥ZJv bp≤kabØv KXv^m≥ tKm{Xhpambn k‘nsNøm\p≈ Xs≥d Xocpam\w am‰nbXp sa√mw A\pbmbnIfpambn IqSnbmtemNn®tijambncp∂p. {]hmNI∂p tijw Jeo^amcpw \nba\n¿a-mWØns≥dbpw \n¿h-lWØns≥dbpw hnjbØn¬ kaqlhpambn IqSnbmtem Nn®ncp∂psh∂v ImWm\mhpw. Ckvemw A\pimkn°p∂ IqSn bmtemN\ kaqlØnse samØw AwKßtfmtSm `qcn]£ tØmtSm A√; adn®v kaqlØn¬ \n∂v sXcs™SpØncn°p ∂ Imcyt_m[ap≈ P\{]Xn\n[nIfpambn´mWv. Cu P\{]Xn \n[nk` (iqd)bmWv Jp¿B\nepw kp∂Ønepw hyIvXamb am¿§\n¿tZiw e`n°mØ hnjbßfn¬ \nba\n¿a-mWw \S tØ≠Xv. IqSnbmtemN\mkanXnbpsS sXcs™Sp∏pw Jeo^ bpsS sXcs™Sp∏pt]mseØs∂ hyIvXamb \n¿t±ißfn √mØ ImcyamWv. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ ]cnXkvYnXn°\pkcn®v GXp sXcs™Sp∏v coXnbpw kzoIcn°phm≥ CkvemanIkaq lØn\v kzmX{¥yap≠v. CkvemanIcmjv{SØns≥d Xm¬]cyßƒs°mØv kaql sØ \bn°pIbmWv \n¿h-lW hn`mKØns≥d NpaXe. Cu hn`mKØns≥d ta¬t\m´w Jeo^°mbncn°pw. \nba\n¿h-l WØn\v Fs¥√mw am¿K-ßƒ Ahew_n°Wsa∂v Xocpam\n °p∂Xv iqdtbmSv IqSnbmtemNn®n´mbncn°Ww. \nbaw \S∏m °p∂Xn\mihyamb coXnbn¬ A[nImchntI{µoIcWw \SØm\pw DtZymKÿ∑msc \nban°m\psa√map≈ _m[yX Jeo^°mWv. Jeo^ CXp sNtø≠Xv IqSnbmtemN\bneq sSbmbncn°Wsa∂p am{Xw. hnip≤ Jp¿B\pw {]hmNINcy bpa\pkcn®v \n¿∆lW hn`mKw {]h¿Øn°p∂nStØmfw 1.- _p-Jm-cn-

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Ahsc A\pkcnt°≠Xv CkvemanI cmjv{SØnse ]ucs≥d _m[yXbmWv. {]hmNI≥(k) ]d™p: "\∑bn¬ am{Xsa A\pkcWap≈q; sX‰n¬ A\pkcWan√'.1 X¿°{]iv\ßfn¬ hnip≤Jp¿B\ns≥dbpw Xncpkp∂Øn s≥dbpw ASnkvYm\Øn¬ hn[n \¬IpIbmWv CkvemanIcm jv{SØnse \oXn\ymbhn`mKØns≥d [¿aw. {]hmNIs≥d ImeØv PpUojydnbpsSbpw FIvknIyq´ohns≥dbpw A[nIm cw At±lØn¬ \n£n]vXambncp∂p. apkvenw kaqlØns≥d in£Is\∂ \nebv°v AsXmcp A\nhmcyXbmbncp∂p. F∂m¬ {]hmNI\ptijw Cu A\nhmcyX Ahtijn°p∂n √. am{Xhpa√, k®cnXcmb Jeo^amcpsS ImeØv \oXn\ymb hn`mKw \n¿h-lW hn`mKØn¬ \n∂v XnI®pw kzX{¥ambncp ∂psh∂v ImWm≥ Ignbpw. PUvPnamsc \nban®ncp∂Xv Jeo^ bmbncp∂psh¶nepw ]n∂oSv AhcpsS Xocpam\ßsf kzm[o \n°phmt\m Ahsc DtZymKØn¬ \n∂v ]ncn®b°phmt\m Jeo-^°v A[nImcap≠mbncp∂n√. Jeo^s°Xnscbp≈ tIkpIfn¬ at‰sXmcp ]ucs\bpw t]mse am{Xsa Jeo^bpw ]cnKWn°s∏Sm≥ ]mSp≈qsh∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. Jeo^m Dadns≥d `cWImeØv Jeo^bpƒs∏Sp∂ Hcp tIkn\pth≠n At±lw tImSXnbns¬Ønbt∏mƒ Xn\°v {]tXyI Ccn∏nSw \¬In _lpam\n°phm≥ Xp\n™ \ymbm [n]\mb sskZv_v\p km_nØnt\mSv Da¿(d) ]d™ hcnIƒ {it≤bamWv: "Dadns\bpw Hcp km[mcW apkvenans\bpw Xpeyambn ImWmØnStØmfw sskZv \ymb[n]kvYm\Øn\ ¿l\√'. CkvemanIcmjv{SØnse ]uc∑mcpsS Poh\pw kzØpw kwc£nt°≠ NpaXe cmjv{SØn\mWp≈Xv. HcmfpsS auen ImhImißfn¬ s]´XmWv Pohn°m\p≈ AhImihpw kzØp kºmZn°phm\p≈ AhImihpw. Pohs≥d kwc£W Øn\v Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw hfsc hepXmWv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "A√mlp ]hn{XX \¬Inbn´p≈ Pohs\ \nßƒ l\n°cpXv'2 1.- _p-Jm-cn,- ap-kv-en-w2.- Jp-¿-B≥- 17: 23

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]uc∑mcpsS Poh≥ kwc£n°p∂Xv Hcp _m[yXbmbn IW°m°p∂ CkvemanI cmjv{SØn\v A\ymbamb sIme]m XIßƒ XSbphm≥ I¿i\amb \nbaßfmhiyambnhcp∂p. C{]Imcap≈ \nbaßfnsem∂mWv sIme]mXIn°v sIme Xs∂ in£bmbn \¬IpIsb∂Xv. ]hn{Xamb Hcp Pohs\ l\n® Ip‰hmfn h[in£bn¬ Ipd™ bmsXm∂pw A¿ln°p ∂ns√∂XmWv hmkvXhw. "sIme°p sIme'sb∂ \nbaw {]mtbmKnIambn {]mh¿ØnIam°p∂XneqsS am{Xta B[p\n I temIØnse sIme]mXI kwkvImcØn\v AdpXn hcn Ibp≈q. hnip≤Jp¿B≥ ]d™sX{X icn! "kXyhnizmknI sf, sImesNøs∏Sp∂hcpsS ImcyØn¬ Xpey in£ \S∏m °pI F∂Xv \nßƒ°v \nbaam°s∏´ncn°p∂p'.1 "_p≤nam≥amtc, (Aßs\) Xpeyin£ \¬Ip∂XnemWv PohnXØns≥d \ne\n¬∏v. \nßƒ kq£vaX ]men°p∂Xn\p th≠nbs{X CXvv.'2 A\phZ\obamb am¿KßfneqsS kzØv kºmZn°phm≥ CkvemanI cmjv{SØnse Hmtcm ]uc∂pw AhImiap≠v. h© \, ]pgvØnsh∏v, sIm≈em`w, ]eni, ssI°qen XpSßnbhbm Wv A\\phZ\obamb kºmZyam¿Kßƒ. HmtcmcpØcpw kºmZn® kzØns≥d DSamhImiw hyIvXnIƒ°p Xs∂bmWv. AXn¬ \n∂v k°mØv, a‰p \nIpXnIƒ F∂nh \¬Iphm≥ ]uc≥ \n¿_‘nX\mWv. AXpIgn™p≈ ]ucs≥d kzØv kwc£nt°≠ NpaXe cmjv{SØn\p≈XmWv. AXn\m¬ {]kv XpX Bhiym¿Y-hpw iIvXamb \nbaßƒ BhnjvIcn°phm ≥ cmjv{Sw \n¿_‘nXamWv. kºØv sIm≈sNøp∂Xv Kuch tadnb Hcp Ip‰IrXyambnØs∂bbmWv Ckvemw ImWp∂Xv. X\n°v Hcp \nebv°pw AhImian√mØ hkvXp°ƒ tamjvSn °p∂bmfpsS ssI apdn°phm\mWv Jp¿B≥ A\pimkn°p ∂Xv. "tamjvSn°p∂hs≥dbpw tamjvSn°p∂hfpsSbpw ssI Iƒ apdn®pIfbpI. Ah¿ kºmZn®Xn∂p≈ {]Xn-^ehpw A√mlphn¶¬ \n∂p≈ amXrIm]camb in£bpamWXv. A√m 1. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 178 2. Jp¿-B≥- 2: 179

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

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lp {]Xm]nbpw bpIvXnam\pamIp∂p'1. A`nam\kwc£WØn\v Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ kvYm\w hfsc alØmbXmWvv. {]hmNI≥ (k) ]d™p: "h√h\pw A]cs≥d A`nam\Øn\v £Xta¬∏n°pItbm AXn{Iaw {]h¿Øn°p Itbm sNbvXn´ps≠¶n¬ [\hpw kºØpw D]Imcs∏SmØ B Zn\w hs∂Øp∂Xn\p apºvv ChnsS sh®p Xs∂ AXv am∏m°ns°m≈s´. A√mØ]£w A¥yZn\Øn¬ Ahs≥d k¬I¿aßƒ B{Ian°s∏´h∂v ]Icw \¬Ip∂Xmbncn°pw. Ahs≥d ]°¬ k¬°¿aßsfm∂pans√∂v hcnIbmsW¶n¬ B{Ian°s∏´hs≥d ZpjvIrXyßƒ Ahs≥d ta¬ NpaØ s∏Sp∂Xmbncn°pw.'2 CkvemanIcmjv{SØnse ]uc∑mcpsS A`nam\w kwc£n t°≠Xv cmjv{SØns≥d DØchmZnØamWv. A]mhmZ{]Nmc I∑m¿ {][m\ambpw hy`nNmcmtcm]WamWv A`nam\£Xw hcpØphm\mbn D]tbmKn°mdp≈Xv. CØcw A]hmZ {]Nm cWßƒ A`nam\£Xw hcpØpI am{Xa√, henb kmaqly {]iv\ßƒ°p ImcWamhpI IqSn sNøp∂p. ]et∏mgpw IpSpw __‘ßsf XI¿°p∂Xn\pw kaqlsØ On{Zam°p∂Xn ∂pw CØcw {]NmcWßƒ \nanØamIp∂p. AXpsIm≠pX s∂ A]hmZ{]NmcWØn\v iIvXamb in£ Xs∂bmWv Ckvemw A\pimkn°p∂Xv. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "Nmcn{XhXnIfpsS ta¬ (hy`nNmcw) Btcm]n°pIbpw F∂n´v \mep km£nIsf sIm≠phcmXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂hsc \nßƒ 80 ASn ASn°pI. AhcpsS km£yw \nßƒ Hcn°epw kzoIcn°pIbpw sNøcpXv. Ah¿ Xs∂bmIp∂p A[¿Ω ImcnIƒ'.3 Ckvemw kZmNmcØn\v \¬Ip∂ {]m[m\yw hfsc hepXm Wv. kZmNmcclnXamb kmaqlyPohnXw IpSpw_{]iv\ßƒ °pw admhym[nIƒ°pw ImcWamIp∂p. kZmNmc\njvTbp≈ Hcp kaqlØns≥d krjvSnbmWv Ckvemans≥d e£yw. AXn 1. Jp¿-B≥- 5: 38 2.- _p-Jm-cn3.- Jp¿-B≥- 24:4

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

295

∂mhiyamb \nbaßƒ Ckvemw BhnjvIcn°p∂p≠v. hy`nNm cØn\p≈ in£mhn[nIƒ Cu hn`mKØnemWv Dƒs∏Sp∂Xv. hy`nNmcØn\v hnhmlnX¿°pw AhnhmlnX¿°pw sht∆sd in£mhn[nIfmWv Ckv e mw G¿s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xv . AhnhmlnX¿ hy`nNcn®m¬ \qdv ASn ASn°Wsa∂mWv ssZhI¬]\. Jp¿B≥ ]dbp∂Xv ImWpI: "hy`nNcn°p∂ kv{Xo ]pcpj∑mcn¬ HmtcmcpØscbpw \nßƒ \qdv ASn ASn°pI'1. hnhmlnX¿ hy`nNcn®m¬ Ahsc Fdn™psIm√Wsa∂m Wv {]hmNINcybn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°m≥ Ignbp∂Xv. Cu in£Iƒ \S∏m°Wsa¶n¬ H∂pIn¬ hy`nNcn®h¿ kzbw Ip‰kΩXw \SØpItbm AXs√¶n¬ kXyk‘cmb \mep km£nIƒ t\cn´v I≠v kw`hw kXyamsW∂v t_m[ys∏ SpØpItbm thWw. {]hmNIs≥d ImeØv hy`nNmc°p‰Øn\v Is√dn™p sIm√pIsb∂ in£mhn[n \S∏m°nb kw`hß fn¬ {]XnIƒ Ip‰kΩXw \SØnbXns≥d ASnkvYm\Ønem bncp∂p Ah \S∏m°nbncp∂sX∂v ImWm\mhpw. hy`nNmc°p ‰w \mep km£nIfpsS kXyk‘amb samgnbpsS ASnkvYm\ Øn¬ sXfnbpIsb∂Xv Ffp∏a√. \mep km£nIfn¬ Hcmfp sS samgn IfhmsW∂p h∂m¬ \mept]cpw hy`nNmcmtcm] WØn\v in£n°s∏Spsat∂m¿°pI. hy`nNmcmtcm]WØn\v bmsXmcp ]gpXpan√mXncn°phm\mWv sXfnhns≥d Imcyw Ckvemw C{Xb[nIw I¿i\am°nbncn°p∂Xv. \mep km£n Ifp≠mIpamdv hy`nNmc°p‰w sNbvXh¿°v iIvXamb in£ \¬ImXncn°p∂Xv KpcpXcamb kmaqlytcmKßƒ°v ImcW amhpsa∂mWv Ckvemans≥d ImgvN∏mSv. CkvemanI cmjv{SØn¬ \S∏mt°≠ in£mhn[nIsf°p dn®v ]cma¿in°ptºmƒ HcpImcyw hyIvXamt°≠Xps≠∂v tXm∂p∂p. Ip‰hmfnIsf in£n°pIb√, {]XypX, Ip‰IrXy ßfn√mØ Hcp kaqlsØ krjvSn°pIbmWv Ckvemans≥d e£ysa∂ hkvXpXbmWXv. sIme]mXInsb sIm√pItbm tamjvSmhns≥d ssI sh´pItbm hy`nNmcnIsf ASn°pItbm 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 24:2

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

296

H∂pa√, sImebpw sIm≈bpw A[m¿a-nIhrØnIfpan√mØ Hcp kaqlsØ krjvSn°pIbmWv Ckvemans≥d e£yw. CXn\v I¿i\amb in£m\nbaßƒ BhiyamsW∂mWv Ckvemans≥d ]£w. hyIvXnkzmX{¥yØns≥dbpw ]cnjvImc Øns≥dbpw t]cn¬ IpØgn™ PohnXw A\phZn°p∂ "]cn jvIrX'\mSpIfn¬ Ip‰IrXyßƒ h¿[n®phcp∂Xns≥d Imc Ww AhnSsØ kaqlØns≥d [m¿a-nImSnØdbpsS ]nghpw iIvXamb in£m\nbaßfpsS A`mhhpamsW∂mWv kmaqly imkv{XPvRcpsS ]£w. Ip‰IrXyßfn¬ \n∂v apIvXamb Hcp kaqlØns≥d krjvSn°v iIvXamb in£m\nbaßƒ Bhiy amsW∂ Ckvemans≥d ImgvN∏mSv \qdv iXam\hpw am\hnIam sW∂v kmcw. Ckv-emw in£mhn[nIƒ \S∏m°m≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂Xv Ahbv°v bmsXmcp ]gpXpan√mØ Hcp kaqlXns≥d krjvSn km[n® tijamsW∂ hkvXpX {]tXyIw ]cma¿in°s∏tS ≠XmWv. Ip‰IrXyßƒ°v t{]cW \¬Ip∂ ]cnXxkvYnXnI ƒ C√mXm°nbXn∂p tijhpw Ip‰IrXyßfnte¿s∏Sp∂h¿ °mWv ITn\amb in£ hn[n°phm≥ Ckvemw I¬]n°p∂Xv. Ckvemw A\pimkn°p∂ cq]Ønep≈ kI-mØv k{ºZmbw \S∏m°pI hgn km[mcW°mc\n¬ \n∂v ]ńWnbpw Zmcn {Zyhpw XpS®pam‰nb tijhpw P\ßfpsS sskzcPohnXØn\v òjWnbpb¿Øp∂ tamjvS m°ƒ \ne\n¬°p∂psh¶n¬ AhcpsS Icw tOZn®psIm≠v kaqlØn\v amXrI ImWn®p sImSp°Wsa∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. iIvXamb in£m k{ºZmbØns≥d A`mhØn¬ {]kvXpX Ip‰IrXyw s]cpIp sa∂ Ckvemans≥¿ ImgvN∏mSv \qdp iXam\hpw icnbmsW∂v kaImeo\kw`h-ßƒ hyIvXam°p∂p. sXmgnen√mbvabpw Zmcn{Zhpw \ne\n¬°p∂ Hcp kaqlØn¬, Ip‰hmfnIsf hf¿ Øm\mhiyamb F√m kmlNcyßfpap≈t∏mƒ, tamjvSmhn s≥d ssI tOZn®pIfbm≥ Ckvemw hn[n°p∂n√. cmPyØv £maw ]S¿∂p]nSn®ncp∂ kabØv Hcp tamjvSmhns\ Jeo^m Dadns≥d k∂n[nbn¬ lmPcm°nbt∏mƒ Abmƒ ]ńWnaqew tamjWØn\v \n¿_‘nX\mbncn°msa∂ ImcWØm¬

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

297

Abmsf shdpsX hn´Xmbp≈ Ncn{XØn¬ \n∂v C°mcyw hfsc hyIvXambn a\ nem°mhp∂XmWv. CXp Xs∂bmWv F√m in£mhn[nIfnepap≈ Ckvemans≥d \ne]mSv. hy`nNmc Øn\v hiwhZamIØ° coXnbnep≈ ssewKnIm`mkßsf√mw D∑qe\w sNbvX tijamWv hy`nNmcØn\p≈ in£ \S∏m°m ≥ Ckvemw I¬∏n°p∂Xv. tamUepIfpw ImƒtKfpIfpw skIv kv t_mw_pIfpan√mØ, Im_sd apX¬ tamln\nbm´w hscbp ≈ \rØßfneqsS ssewKnIm`mkßƒ°v t{]cWbp≠m°m Ø, kz¥w icochpw kuµcyhpw hn¬]-\®c°s√∂v hnizkn °p∂ IpSpw_n\nIƒ am{Xap≈, Hcp hnhmlw sIm≠v ssewKn IZmlw ian∏n°m≥ IgnbmsX hcp∂ ]pcpj∂v \mephsc CWIsf kzoIcn°m≥ kzmX{¥yw \¬Ip∂ Hcp kaqlØn¬ \mept]¿ Im¨sI hy`nNmcØnte¿s∏Sp∂h¿ iIvXamb in£m\S]SnIƒ A¿ln°p∂psh∂mWv Ckvemans≥d hn[n. in£mk{ºZmbßfnepw AX√mØ \nbaßfnepsa√mw CkvemanI cmjv{SØnse F√m ]uc∑mcpw XpeycmbmWv ]cnK Wn°s∏Sp∂Xv. kº∂\pw Zcn{Z\panSbntem `cWm[nImcn °pw km[mcW ]uc∂panSbntem bmsXmcp coXnbnep≈ hnthN\hpw \oXn\n¿hlWØns≥d ImcyØn¬ D≠mhm≥ ]mSns√∂mWv Ckvemans≥d A[ym]\w. "kXyhnizmknItf, \nßƒ A√mlphn\p th≠n km£yw hln°p∂hsc∂ \neb bn¬ IWniambn \oXn \ne\n¿Øp∂hcmbncn°Ww. AXv \nßƒ°v Xs∂tbm, \nßfpsS amXm]nXm°ƒ, ASpØ _‘p°ƒ F∂nh¿t°m {]XnIqeambnØo¿∂mepw icn'1 F∂mWv Jp¿B≥ ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. Hcn°¬ Ipeo\ IpSpw_Øn¬s∏´ Hcp kv{Xo tamjW°p ‰Øn\v ]nSn°s∏´p. {]hmNIs≥d ASpØ A\pbmbnIfnsem cmfmb Dkmax AhcpsS ImcyØn¬ ip]m¿i sNøphm\mbn {]hmNIs\ kao]n®p. At∏mƒ {]hmNI≥(k) ]d™ hm°p Iƒ {it≤bamWv: "\nßƒ°v apºp≈ kapZmbßƒ \in∏n° s∏´Xv CØcw {]h¿Ø\ßƒ aqeamWv. kº∂¿ Ip‰wsNbv Xm¬ shdpsX hnSpIbpw Zcn{Z¿ Ip‰wsNbvXm¬ in£n°pIbp 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 4: 135

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

298

ambncp∂p AhcpsS k{ºZmbw. A√mlphmsW kXyw. Cu {]hrØn sNbvXXv aplΩZns≥d aIƒ ^mØna Xs∂bmbm epw AhfpsS Icw Rm≥ tOZn®p Ifbp∂XmWv'. \oXnbpsS apºn¬ `cWm[n]\pw `cWob\pw kaamWv F∂XmWv CkvemanI cmjv{S k¶¬]Øns≥d ASnkvYm\ kvXw`ßfnsem∂v. C°mcyØnte°v shfn®w hoip∂ H´\ h[n kw`hßƒ CkvemanI Ncn{XØn¬ ImWm\mhpw. Hcp kw`hanXm: Dadn(d)s≥d `cWImeØv CuPn]vXnse Kh¿Wdmbncp∂ Awdp_v\p¬ Bkns≥d ]p{X≥ aplΩZp_v\p Awdv tIm]v‰nIv hn`mKØn¬s∏´ Hcp km[mcW°mcs\ Xs≥d IpXncbpsS apºn¬ kz¥w IpXncsb HmSn®Xns≥d t]cn¬ ASn®p. "Rm≥ am\y∑mcpsS ]p{X\mWv' F∂p ]d™psIm≠m bncp∂p {]lcw. Cu {]iv\w Jeo^bpsS ASp°seØn. Kh¿ W-sdbpw ]p{Xs\bpw aZo\bnte°v hnfn∏n®p sIm≠v Da¿(d) tNmZn®p: "F∂p apX¬°mWv \nßƒ P\ßsf ASnaIfm°n ØpSßnbXv? AhcpsS amXm°ƒ Ahsc {]khn®Xv kzX{¥ cmbn´t√'. XpS¿∂v a¿Z-nX\mb B tIm]v‰nIv hwiPs≥d Iøn¬ Nm´hmdp \¬Ins°m≠v {]XnImcw sNøphm≥ Da¿(d) I¬∏n®p. \nbaØn\p ap≥]n¬ F√mhcpw ka∑mcmsW∂ XXzw C{XtØmfw {]mtbmKnIam°nb CkvemanI kaql a√mØ as‰mcp kaqlsØ temINcn{XØn¬ ImWpI km[ya√. CkvemanIcmjv{SØn¬ Pohn°p∂ Aapkvenw ]uc∑mtcm Spw \oXn\n¿∆lWØns≥d ImcyØn¬ hnthN\sam∂pw ImWn°m≥ ]mSns√∂mWv Ckvemw ]Tn∏n°p∂Xv. hnip≤Jp¿ B≥ \njvI¿jn°p∂Xv ImWpI: "kXyhnizmknItf, \nßƒ A√mlphn\pth≠n \nesIm≈p∂hcpw \oXn°v km£yw hln°p∂hcpambncn°pI. Hcp P\XtbmSp≈ Aa¿jw \oXn ]men°mXncn°m≥ \nßƒ°v t{]cIamIcpXv. \nßƒ \oXn ]men°pI. AXmWv [¿a-\njvTtbmSv G‰hpw ASpØXv'1 Cu Jp¿B\nI I¬]-\sb ]q¿W-ambn Dƒs°m≠psIm≠mbncp 1.- Jp¿-B≥- 5: 8

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

299

∂p {]hmNI\pw k®cnXcmb Jeo^amcpw `cWw \SØnbXv. ss{IkvXh\mb tIm]v‰nIv hwiP\pw apkvenamb Kh¿WdpsS ]p{X\pw XΩnep≠mb {]iv\Øn¬ apkvenw A\oXnsNbv Xpsh∂v a\ nem°nb Jeo^m Dadn(d)s≥d ImeØpXs∂ \S∂ as‰mcp kw`hanXm. Kh¿Wdmbncp∂ Awdp_v\p¬ Bkzv Hcp ss{IkvXhkv{XobpsS hoSv \n¿_‘]q¿h-w ]≈n tbmSv tN¿°pIbp≠mbn. kv{Xo CtX°pdn®v Jeo^tbmSv ]cmXn ]d™p: Jeo-^m Da¿ Kh¿W-sd hnfn®v hniZoIcW amhiys∏´p. At±lw ]d™p: "apkvenwIfpsS AwKkwJy h¿≤n®Xp ImcWw ]≈nbn¬ kvYean√msX hnjaw t\cn´p. ]≈n hnimeamt°≠Xn∂mbn AXns≥d ASpØp≈ ss{Ikv Xhkv{XobpsS `h\w Bhiys∏SpIbpw AXn∂v \ymbamb hne \¬Imsa∂v Dd∏p \¬IpIbpw sNbvXp. Ah¿ hnkΩXn ®XpImcWw hoSp s]mfn®v ]≈ntbmSv tN¿°m≥ \n¿_‘nX amhpIbmWp≠mbXv. AXns≥d hne B kv{Xo°v Bhiyap≈ GXp kabØpw kzoIcn°phm≥ km[n°pamdv s]mXpJP\m hn¬ \nt£]n°pIbpw sNbvXn´p≠v.' km[mcWKXnbn¬ \ymbsa∂p ]dbmhp∂ Kh¿WdpsS \S]Snsb icnsh°m≥ Da¿ (d) Xb-mdmbn√. ]≈nbpsS {]kvXpX `mKw s]mfn®pam‰n ]Icw B ss{IkvXh kv{XobpsS hoSv bYmkvYm\Øv \n¿an ®p sImSp°phm≥ I¬]-n°pIbmWv \oXnam\mb B `cWm[n Imcn sNbvXXv. \memw Jeo^bmbncp∂ Aen(d)bpsS ImeØv \S∂ Hcp kw`hw t\m°pI: Jeo^ Xs≥d ]Sb¶n Hcp PqX≥ tamjvSn®p sh∂v ]d™v tImSXnsb kao]n®p. \ymbm[n]\mb ipssdlv PqXs≥s≥dbpw Jeo^bpsSbpw AhImihmZßƒ ]cntim [n®p. Xs≥d ssIhiap≈ ]Sb¶n Xt≥dXp Xs∂bmsW∂p PqX≥ hmZn®t∏mƒ AXp Xt≥dXmsW∂pw PqX≥ tamjvSn ®XmsW∂pw Jeo^ Aen samgn \¬In. Xs≥d hmZw sXfn bn°\mbn Jeo-^ lmPcm°nb km£nIƒ aI≥ lk\pw `rXy≥ Jadpambncp∂p. Ch¿ c≠pt]cpw Jeo^bpsS kz¥ °mcmbXn\m¬ km£yw kzoImcyas√∂pw a‰p sXfnhpIƒ C√mØXn\m¬ ]Sb¶n PqX\n¬ \n∂p hmßphm≥ \nbaw

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

300

A\phZn°p∂ns√∂pw \ymbm-[n]≥ hn[n®p. \ymb[n]s≥dbSp Øp \n∂v ]Sb¶n hmßn \S∂p \oßnb PqX≥ A¬]Zqcw apt∂m´pt]mbn Xncn™p h∂psIm≠v ]d™p. "\nivNbambpw CXv {]hmNI∑mcpsS \nbaw Xs∂sb∂v Rm≥ km£yw hln °p∂p. aXnbmb sXfnhn√mØXn\m¬ tImSXn At±lØns\ Xnsc hn[n {]kvXmhn°p∂p. CXp hfsc alØcw Xs∂. AXn\m¬ A√mlph√msX Bcm[y\ns√∂pw aplΩZv A√mlphns≥d ZqX\msW∂pw Rm≥ km£yw hln°p∂p'. XpS¿∂v Jeo^bpsS t\sc Xncn™v At±lw Cßs\ ]d™p: "Cu ]Sb¶n Xm¶fptSXv Xs∂bmWv. \nßƒ kzn^v^ - o\nte°v t]mIptºmƒ ]n∂nep≠mbncp∂ Rm≥ Xm¶fpsS Nmc\ndØn ep≈ HÍØns≥d ]pdØp\n∂v AXv XńsbSpØXmWv'. Jeo ^ Nncn®psIm≠v {]XnhNn®p. "Rm\Xv Xm¶ƒ°v Xs∂ Zm\am bn X∂ncn°p∂p'. CkvemanI cmjv{SØn¬ Pohn°p∂ Aapkvenw ]uc∑mcpsS hnizmkkzmX{¥ytam Bcm[\mkzmX{¥ytam l\n°phm≥ Jeoâm¿°hImian√. Aapkvenw ]uc∑mtcmSv A\oXn ImWn°p∂Xv A£¥hyamb A]cm[amsW∂mWv {]hmN I≥ (k) ]Tn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. At±lw ]d™p: "kq£n®p sIm ≈pI. Aapkvenw ]uc∑msc Bsc¶nepw ASn®a¿ØpItbm AhcpsS ta¬ Ignhn∂XoXambn \nIpXn `mcw sIńtb¬∏n °pItbm AhtcmSv {Iqcambn s]cpamdpItbm AhcpsS AhIm ißƒ shń°pd°pItbm sNøpIbmsW¶n¬ A¥y\mfn¬ Ahs∂Xncn¬ Rm≥ kzbwXs∂ ]cmXn t_m[n∏n°p∂ XmWv'1. Ncn{X]finX\mb k¿ tXmakv B¿t\mƒUv FgpXp∂Xv ImWpI: "aplΩZv Xs∂ ]e Ad_v ss{IkvXh tKm{Xßfpam bpw k‘nbnte¿s∏ńcp∂p. Ah¿°v At±lw kwc£Whpw kz¥w aXa\pkcn®v Pohn°phm\p≈ kzmX{¥yhpw Dd∏phcpØn. AhcpsS ]ptcmlnX¿°p≠mbncp∂ khntijm[nImcßƒ ]gbXpt]mse \ne\n¿Øn'2. 1.- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv2.- k¿- tXm-akv- A¿-tWmƒ-Uv- : Ckv-emw- {]t_m-[\hpw- {]Nm-chpw- ]p-dw- 60

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

301

{]hmNIs≥d ]mX ]n≥XpS¿∂ At±lØns≥d Jeo^am cpw Aapkvenw ]uc∑mcpsS hnizmkßfpw Bcm[\mk{ºZmb ßfpw XpScm≥ A\phZn®ncp∂Xmbpw AhcpsS Poh\pw kzØn\pw ]cn]q¿W- kwc£Ww Dd∏phcpØnbncp∂Xmbpw ImWm≥ Ignbpw. Jeo^ Da¿ Cuenbm \nhmknIƒ°v \¬Inb c£mIcmdn se hyhkvYIƒ ImWpI: "ssZhZmk\pw hnizmknIfpsS t\Xmhpamb Da¿ CuenbmhmknIƒ°v \¬Ip∂ kwc£Ww F√mhcpsSbpw Poh∂pw kzØn\pw Bcm[\mebßƒ°pw IpcnipIƒ°pw aXkw_‘nbmb F√m‰n\pw kwc£Ww Dd∏p\¬Ip∂p. BcpsSbpw N¿®pIƒ hmkkvYeam°pItbm \in∏n°pItbm sNøcpXv. AhtbmSv tN¿∂p \n¬°p∂ hkvXphlItfm IpcnipItfm ]nSns®Sp°cpXv. Bscbpw D]{Z hn°cpXv'. Cßs\, Aapkvenw ]uc∑mcpsS Poh\pw kzØpw hnizmk kzmX{¥yhpw Bcm[\m kzmX{¥yhpsa√mw kwc£nt° ≠p∂ NpaXetbs‰Sp°p∂ CkvemanI cmjv{SØn\v Ah≥ \¬tI≠p∂ \nIpXnbmWv Pnkvb. CkvemanIcmjv{Sßfnepw A√mØnSØpsa√map≈ apkv e nwIƒ \n¿_‘ambpw k°mØv \¬tI≠Xps≠∂ hkvXpXbpsS ASnkvYm\Øn emWv Cu \nIpXnbpsS \ymbm\ymbßƒ ]cntim[nt°≠Xv. XßfpsS hm¿jnIhcpam\Øns≥d c≠c iXam\hpw s]mXp JP\mhn¬ AS°phm≥ CkvemanI cmjv{SØn¬ Pohn°p∂ apkvenw _m[ykvY\mWv. kI-mØv aX]camb Hcp Bcm[\m I¿aambXn\m¬ AapkvenwIfn¬ \n∂v CuSm°phm≥ \n¿hm lan√. AXhcpsS aXkzmX{¥yØns≥d \ntj[ambncn°pw. AXn\m¬ Aapkvenw ]uc∑m¿°v cmjv{Sw \¬Ip∂ kwc£ WØns≥d sNehnte°mbn as‰mcp \nIpXn CuSm°phm\mWv I¬]-n°s∏´n´p≈Xv. Pnkvb Hcp aX\nIpXnb√; {]XypX kwc£W \nIpXnbs{X. CkvemanI cmjv{SØn¬ Pohn°p∂ Aapkvenw ]uc∑mcpsS Pohs≥d kwc£Ww Dd∏p \¬Iphm ≥ Xßƒ°v Ignbns√∂ AhkvY \ne\n∂ncp∂ bp≤Ime kmlNcyßfn¬ ]ncns®SpØ "Pnkvb' Xncn®phnXcWw sNø

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

302

s∏´ncp∂Xmbn Ncn{XØn¬ ImWm\mhpw. Xßfpƒs°m≈p∂ cmPyØns≥d \ne\n¬∏n\pth≠n s]mcpXpIbpw XßfpsS kwc£Ww Dd∏phcpØpIbpw sNøp∂ CkvemanI Kh¨sa ≥dn\v Aapkvenw ]uc∑m¿ \¬Ip∂ kwc£W \nIpXnbmWv Pnkvbsb∂v CXn¬ \n∂v a\ nem°mw. cmjv{SØns≥d {]Xn tcm[ {]h¿Ø\ßfn¬ ]¶mfnIfmbncp∂ Aapkvenw ]uc∑m cn¬ \n∂v {]hmNI≥ Pnkvb CuSm°nbncp∂ns√∂ hkvXpX bpw C°mcyw hyIvXam°p∂p. CkvemanIcmjv{SØnse `cWm[nImcnIfpw `cWobcpsa √mw A√mlphns≥d ]cam[nImcØnepw ]ctemIØnepw hniz kn°p∂hcmWv. Cu `qanbnse sNbvXnIsf√mw ]ctemIØv sh®v hnNmcWsNøs∏Spsa∂ hnizmkamWv CcpIq´cpsSbpw PohnXsØ \nb{¥n°p∂Xv. AhnsS Ip‰IrXyßfp≠mhm \p≈ km[yX \t∂ hncfamWv. clkyhpw ]ckyhpadnbmhp ∂ A√mlphnep≈ hnizmkamWv AhcpsS PohnXsØ \nb{¥n°p∂Xv F∂Xn\m¬ Xs∂ \oXn \n¿h-lWØnepw cmjv { Stkh\Ønepw Bflm¿Y- X bp≠mhpw. Cu hnizm kØm¬ \bn°s∏Sp∂hcn¬ Im]Syap≠mhpIbns√∂Xn \m¬ cmjv{SobcwKsØ aqey\ntj[Øn\p≈ km[yX Xosc hncfambncn°pw. ssZhØns≥d DØaZmk∑mcmbns°m≠v ssZhm\p{KlØn\v ]m{XamIphm\mWv `cWm[nImcnIfpw {]PIfpw {ian®psIm≠ncn°pI. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ \oXn]pe cp∂ Hcp cmjv{Sambncn°pw AXv. Hcp cmjv{SØns≥d \n¿a-nXn°mhiyamb ASnkvYm\ \nba ßƒ am{XamWv Ckvemw \¬Ip∂Xv. `cWw, \oXn\ymbw, {Ib hn{Ibw, kmºØnIw, hntZi\bw XpSßnb cwKßfnte°v Bhiyamb \nbaßƒ kaqlØn\pw Np‰p]mSpIƒ°pa\pk cn®v amt‰≠Xmbn ht∂°pw. AXpsIm≠pXs∂ CØcw hnj bßfnse hniZmwißƒ IqSnbmtemN\bneqsS Xocpam\n°p hm\p≈ kzmX{¥yw AXmXv kaqlßƒ°v \¬IpIbmWv Ckvemw sNbvXncn°p∂Xv. AXmXv ImeL´ßƒ°mhiyamb \nbaßƒ CkvemanI{]am-Wßƒ-°v- hncp-≤am-Im-Ø hn[Øn¬- N¿-® sNbv-Xv- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-Ibm-Wv- Iq-Sn-bm-tem-N\m-

CkvemanI cmjv{Sw

303

kan-Xn -(iq-d)Iƒ- sNtø≠Xv.[m¿-Ωn-I\n-ehm-cap-≈ hy-Iv-Xn-Isfbpw- kZm-Nm-c\n-jv-Tam-b Ip-Spw-_sØbpw- kaXzm-[n-jvTn-Xam-b kaq-lsØbpw- \o-Xn-\njv-Tam-b cm-jv-{SsØbpw- \n¿-Ωn-°p-hm-\m-hiy-am-b ASn-kv-Ym\ \n-bßƒ- Ckv-emw- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p.- Ckv-em-an-I\n-baßƒ- Ip‰ a‰Xpw- {]m-tbm-Kn-Ihp-am-sW∂Xm-Wv- AXn-s≥-d khn-tijX.\o-Xn-\n-jvT - am-b Hcp- cm-jv{- SØn-s≥-d \n¿-Ωn-Xn-°m-hiy-am-b ASnkv-Ym-\ \n-baßƒ- Bhn-jv-Icn-°p-I am-{Xa√ Ckv-emw- sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv.- AØcsam-cp- am-XrIm-tbmKy-am-b cm-jv-{Sw- \n¿Ωn-®p- Im-Wn-®p- sIm-SpØp-sIm-≠v- Ckve - m-an-I\n-baßƒ- {]mtbmKn-Iam-sW∂v- sXfn-bn-°p-I Iq-Sn- AXv- sNbv-Xn-´p-≠v.- CXv- Ckvem-an-∂p- am-{Xw- AhIm-is∏Sm-hp-∂ khn-tijXbm-Wv.- Dt´m]y≥- kn-≤m-¥ßƒ- ]Sbv-°p-Ib√ Ckv-emw- sNbv-Xn-´p-≈Xvv.{]m-tbm-Kn-Iam-b XØ-z-ßfp-sS ASn-kv-Ym-\Øn-ep-≈ Hcp- amXr Im-cm-j{v- Sw- \n¿-an- ® - v- cm-j{v- So-b cw-KØv- \o-Xn-\n¿-hl - Ww- Fßs\ km-[n-°p-sa∂vv- tem-IØn-\v- Im-Wn-®p- sIm-Sp-Ø GIZ¿-i\amWv- Ckv-emw.- AXp-sIm-≠p Xs∂ Hcp- kXym-t\z-jn-°v- Ahkm\am-bn- ]dtb≠n- hcp-∂p.- "Ckv-em-am-Ip-∂p- kXy-am¿K-w-; AXn ∂v- am-{Xta am-\hcm-in-sb t\cm-b ]m-Xbn-eq-sS \bn-°p-hm≥Ign-bq''- F∂v.- AXm-Wv- icn-bpw.-

C-kv-e-mw- k-Xy-am¿-Kw-

Iq-Sp-X-e-dn-b-m≥-:U-b-d-Iv-S¿\n-®v- Hm-^v- {Sq-ØvI-em-`h≥- tdm-UvsIm-®n≥- ˛ 682 018 t^m¨-:- 0484 ˛ 2367810,- 2352421 ^-m-Iv-kv-:- 0484 ˛ 380746 Website: www.nicheoftruth.org E-mail: islam@nicheoftruth.org