Unit 1 sb

UNIT 1 DISCOVERING THE WORLD In this unit you are about to learn: Vocabulary: Travel and Natural Disasters Grammar: Present Perfect / Past Simple; Used to; Relative Clauses

Look at these pictures. Why do people travel to thee places?

What can they do and visit there?

Have you been to similar places?

Would you like to visit these cities? How different are these cultures to yours?

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Vocabulary  Travel 1. Look at the brochure excerpts below. Which words are ….? a- Places b- types of transport c- people d- money paid for transport

Mobile homes are great! You don’t have to worry about accommodation or luggage and you meet lots of other travelers along the way. Of course, you need time for this kind of trip!

Flying is the fastest way to travel.

Flights can be expensive but some airlines offer cheap fares. These are the low-cost companies. Get to the airport early and enjoy the duty-free shopping!

High-speed trains are fast and convenient. The trains and stations are ultra-modern. During the journey, passengers can enjoy the countryside from the window.

2. Choose the correct answers.

- We had a fantastic countryside / trip last summer - Alitalia is an Italian airline / airport - I spoke to the luggage / passenger next to me - I didn’t enjoy the flight / accommodation. It was very long - The journey / fare was about one hour 3. What other types of transport do you know? How ofen do you use them?

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Listening and speaking

4. Listen to a conversation about an unusual bus. Who thinks a trip in the Rotel sounds great- Chris o Nadine? Class Cd 1 track 11

5. Listen again. Write the following: - The number of passengers in the Rotel - Two places you can go to in a Rotel - Two good things about Rotels 6. Can you remember the reason why Rotels aren’t comfortable?

7.

7.Work in groups of 5. You are members of the same family and are going on holiday together, but you each have a very different idea about the kind of holiday you want. Role-play this discussion.

Grandma: not abroad!

Dad: sun, sea and sand

Son, 18: mountaineering / adventure

Mum: sightseeing, museums Daughter, 16: theme park

8. I’m going to give you some ideas for unusual holidays. Work in groups of 4. Split the groups in two halves. Group A and group B. Group A, brainstorm as many advantages as possible. Groups B, brainstorm as many disadvantages as possible.

Mushroom picking----Antartic exploration----swimming with sharks Group cycling----murder mystery weekend----battle reconstruction

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UNIT 1 DISCOVERING THE WORLD 9. Work in groups of 5. You are going on holidays together. I’ll give each group a budget.

You must agree the details for your holidays, eg. Destination, transport, food, accommodation and entertainment. You must keep to your budget.

- Now imagine you are on your holiday and write a postcard - Now imagine you are back from your holiday. Compare your experiences with those of the other groups.

Reading

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Grammar  Present Perfect Simple / Past Simple Present Perfect Simple The present perfect simple expresses an action that started in the past but is still going on and has influence on the present. It puts emphasis on the result.

The structure of the Present Perfect Simple goes the following: 

Subject + have / has + participle (main verb) + CC (affirmative sentences)

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Subject + haven’t / hasn’t + participle (main verb) + CC (negative sentences)



Have / has + subject + participle (main verb) + CC + ? (interrogative sentences)

The adverbs of Frequency that we use in the Present Perfect Simple: 

For (talks about a specific period of time): “I have lived in London for 10 years”  Since (talks about the moment in which the action starts): “I have lived in London since I was 10”  Already (we use it in affirmative sentences // questions) “I have already read that book” // “have you



already read that book?”

Yet (we use it in negative sentences // questions) “I haven’t read that book yet” // “have you read that book yet?”

Just (talks about an action which has just been performed) “I have just read that book”

 

Never “I have never been to France” Ever “have you ever been to France?”



Past Simple Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past.  Regular verbs  Irregular verbs

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The structure of the Past Simple goes like this:  Subject + verb (past simple)+ CC (affirmative sentences)  Subject + didn’t + verb (infinitive)+ CC (negative sentences)  Did+ subject + verb (infinitive)+ CC+ ? (interrogative sentences) The adverbs of Frequency that we use in the Present Perfect Simple:   

Yesterday “Yesterday they visited our grandma” // “we bought a new car yesterday” Ago “my cousin arrived in Valencia three weeks ago” // “ I spoke to Sara one month ago” Last “Last year we travelled to Romania” // “ You wrote the letter last month”

10.Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect form of the verbs below.

1 Tom looks different. I ...................................... him for years.

2 ...................................... you ...................................... this book before?

3 We’re not late for the lesson. It ...................................... yet.

4 I can’t find Kim. ...................................... she already ...................................... the party?

5 My essay is nearly finished. I ...................................... four pages so far.

6 The grass is very dry. It ...................................... for a long time.

11. Choose the correct answer.

1 We have owned our holiday home for / since three years.

2 I have never / ever been to Sweden.

3 Tom has worked in this office for / since three years.

4 Barbie hasn’t bought Jill’s birthday present yet / recently.

5 I haven’t been to the beach since / for last summer.

6 Have you been here since / for a long time?

7 Have you ever / never seen a giraffe?

8 I have ever / always had long hair.

12.Choose the correct verb.

1 We arrived / have arrived an hour ago.

2 He has been / was here since 5 am.

3 We have heard / heard a wonderful concert last night.

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UNIT 1 DISCOVERING THE WORLD 4 Did you visit / Have you visited the Rock Museum yet?

5 Jane has read / read many books lately.

6 Tom has gone / went to Rio last year.

7 When have you left / did you leave the party?

8 We have seen / saw this programme many times before.

13.Complete the sentences with the Past Simple or Present Perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1 The dog ...................... already ...................... (bury) the bone in the garden.

2 Look at that! The children ...................................... (make) a big snowman.

3 I was tired, so I ...................................... (sleep) late last Saturday morning.

4 How long ...................... you ...................... (have) this puppy?

5 I ...................................... (speak) to my friends on the phone last night.

6 ...................... you ...................... (see) my pen? I can’t find it.

7 He spoke so fast. I ...................................... (not understand) him.

8 Colin ...................................... (never break) any windows with his soccer ball.

14.Complete the mini-dialogues with the verbs below. Use the Past Simple and Present Perfect Simple. hear  go  gave  send  read  spend 1.A:…………………… you ever …………………… this book about surviving in the jungle?

B:Yes. My brother …………………… it to me for my birthday last year.

2.A:…………………… you …………………… from Simon recently?

B:Yes, he …………………… me an e-mail yesterday.

A:…………………… he …………………… hiking yet?

B:Yes. He …………………… four days hiking last week.

 Used To We use used to to describe past states - something that was true, but is not true now. ex: I used to be much stronger than my brother: We also use used to to describe past habits – something that happened regularly in the past, but doesn't happen now. ex: They used to get up early.

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UNIT 1 DISCOVERING THE WORLD 15.Look at the pictures. Then complete the sentences with used to and didn’t use to.

ski

read books

1.Many years ago, Stephanie……………………………………………………………………………………………………..

drive racing cars

go horse riding

2.A few years ago, Alex and Harry …………………………………………………………………………………………….

hunt for food

buy food

3. Thousands of years ago, people……………………………………………………………………………………………

16.Write questions for the answers in bold.

1. ................................................................................................... ?

Yes, Charles used to work with lions in a circus.

2. ................................................................................................... ?

No, we didn’t use to take risks when we were younger.

3. ................................................................................................... ?

Dan used to do wingsuit jumping in the Alps.

4. ................................................................................................... ?

My friend used to go diving in Mexico when he was a student.

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Vocabulary  Natural Disasters

CD 1, Track 20

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Grammar  Relative Clauses We use relative clauses to join two English sentences, or to give more information about something.

I bought a new car. It is very fast. → I bought a new car that is very fast.

She lives in New York. She likes living in New York. → She lives in New York, which she likes.

The relative clauses that we are going to study in this unit are: -who (people)

-which (things, animals)

-that (people, things, animals)

-where (places)

-when (time)

-whose (possessions)

17.Complete the sentences with who or which.

1 The policeman ............................... gave us directions was very helpful.

2 The advice ............................... you gave me was useful.

3 Where is the bus ............................... goes to town?

4 Do you know the people ............................... live in the new house?

5 Do you remember the name of the book ............................... Mary told us about?

6 Here’s the boy ............................... broke your window.

18. Choose the correct answer.

1 This is the house where / that Jack built for his family.

2 That is the river that / where they caught the poisoned fish.

3 This is the camera that / whose I borrowed from George.

4 That is the man which / whose car is parked in our drive.

5 Football is a game which / where people play all over the world.

6 Have you seen the place which / where the accident happened?

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UNIT 1 DISCOVERING THE WORLD 19.Complete the sentences using relative pronouns.

Titanic is one of my favourite films. It is about a young man named Jack Dawson, 1 ................... was on the ship Titanic when it sank. In the film, Jack is sailing to America, 2 ............................. he plans to start a new life. On the ship he meets Rose, 3 ............................... is very beautiful. She is unhappy because her mother wants her to marry a man 4 ............................... she doesn’t love. Jack and Rose fall in love. In the middle of the ocean, the ship hits an iceberg 5 ............................... makes a hole in its side. Jack and Rose fight for their lives as the ship begins to sink. Jack died, but Rose survives.

20.Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronoun. Use who, which, whose, where or when.

1.I read about the time …………………… the English king Charles I was executed.

2.Edward I was an English king …………………… wife was a Spanish princess.

3.Camelot was the place …………………… the legendary King Arthur had his castle.

4.Edward and Richard were two English princes …………………… disappeared mysteriously.

5.“Prince of Wales” is a title …………………… is given to the heir to the British throne.

21.Join the sentences with the relative pronouns in brackets. Make any necessary changes.

1.There were eight kings of England. Their name was Henry. (whose)

2.Charles I married a woman. She was born in Portugal. (who)

3.I’ll never forget the day. Prince William married Catherine Middleton then. (when)

4.At coronations, the King or Queen of England wears a crown. It weighs 2.23 kg. (that)

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22.Circle the relative pronoun in each sentence and underline the noun it describes.

1.This is the teacher who teaches me English.

2.We read the book which you recommended.

3.Lynn has got a baby sister who is only two months old.

4.That is the place where I left my books.

5.Where are the CDs that were on the shelf?

23. Write definitions for the items below. Use the words given and relative pronouns.

Tsunami------volcano------hurricane------lava------firefighter------survivor------volcanologist

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Wave / is caused by / an earthquake under the sea Person / fights fires Hot, liquid rock / comes out of / volcano Mountain / erupts Person / stays alive / after / disaster Wind / is very strong Person / job / is to study volcanoes

A tsunami is a wave which is caused by an earthquake under the sea

Listening and speaking

24.Listen to a radio news report. Which three of the following disasters does it mention?

Class CD1, Track 25

a- an earthquake

b- a hurricane

c- a landslide

d- fires

e- floods 16

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25. Listen again and complete the sentences below 1. People are trapped under……………….

2. People are digging to find ……………………family members 3. Rescue teams have brought……………to help them 4. They have rescued one young…………………

5. Several fires have………..

6. The people need medical aid, food, clean water and……………….

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