M. Salahuddin Environmental Portfolio

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO

SPRING 2022 | SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

“All

Image By: Casey Dun

Architect: Lake & Flato

-Chris Snyder, Director of the Marine Education Center

Owner- University of Mississippi

buildings eventually end up in the ocean.”

ABOUT CARBON + ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT

Mila Salahuddin is a Sustainable Design Studies grad student at Boston Architectural College and a Communications Director at the architecture firm 5+design in Los Angeles. The youngest of five, Mila was born and raised in Los Angeles where she quickly developed a deep affinity for the natural world. In her professional life, she hopes to become a steward of ecology through the application of sustainable practices within the built environment.

She currently lives in Hollywood, CA with her husky named Laddie and her cat called Rio. In her spare time, she interns at The Bay Foundation, works with a 3D printing food company, hikes every day, plays cello in a local ensemble, and attends architecture lectures and art shows.

PORTFOLIO | MILA SALAHUDDIN

Tiergarten | Berlin, Germany

INTEGRATION

SECTION 02 DESIGN FOR CONTEXT

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MILA SALAHUDDIN

MARINE

EDUCATION CENTER INTEGRATED DESIGN PERSPECTIVE

SITE INTEGRATION

Overall, the project is highly integrated and in tune with the slow moving waterbody streams from surrounding bayous, marshlands, pine forest, and floodplain ecosystem.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

INTEGRATED DESIGN SITE ANALYSIS

VEGEATATION

The Marine Education Center preserved existing native plants, Bayaou flora and fauna, restored parts of thick, surrounding pine forest and preserved a forested bayhead that divides the project’s two parcels by integrating it into its design integrating it within its design. It also restored nearby tidal mrhes to the east, north east, and south west

VENTILATION AT BODY LEVEL

Large window walls capture winds from the ocean to the south and the nearby Davis Bayou.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER INTEGRATED DESIGN SECTION

BUILDING MATERIAL ORIENTATION

Cement board rainscreen provides natural ventilated skin.

Ocean Springs, Mississippi’s humid sub-tropical climate prioritizes passive cooling and acts closely with the summer and winter solstice positions of the sun.

MEC’s building orientation takes advantage of the summer winds that are the strongest and most constant from the south.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

COMMUNITY

SECTION 3 DESIGN FOR PLACE

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MILA SALAHUDDIN

REGIONAL INFORMATION

OCEAN SPRINGS, MISSISSIPPI

IN A NUTSHELL

TYPOLOGIES STYLES

A quaint, Main Street community nestled amongst centuries-old live oaks on the scenic shore of Coastal Mississippi, Ocean Springs holds a rich history, artistic flair, lush landscape, and smalltown appeal. Colorful and sophisticated, the community is most known for its local art and art festivals (gulfcoast.org). The early colonists developed a house form based on their French building traditions, use of local building materials, and construction that made it easier to endure the effects of the hot and humid climate. Their house form is called the Creole Cottage.

ARCHITECTURE

This soon developed into a matrix of residential typologies in varying styles that make up neighborhoods and city blocks. Due to their adjacency to water and the frequency of storms, buildings are often raised on base masonry piers infilled with lattice (mississippirenewal.com).

Side Hall (Gulf Coast Pattern Book) CREOLE

CLASSICAL

VICTORIAN

L-Shaped (Gulf Coast Pattern Book)

Side Gable (Gulf Coast Pattern Book)

REGIONAL INFORMATION

OCEAN SPRINGS, MISSISSIPPI

The city began as a fishing town deep in the bayous before turning into a popular Gulf Coast resort for wealthy cotton planters. Today, the town has managed to retain its small-town, southern charm amongst globalization by the preservation of its heritage. Some of these relics of heritage are old homes, furniture, and crafted musical instruments made by landowners and slaves. Relics and heritage from the region’s wealthy, “planter society”, are in the form of Greek Revival mansions and widespread adoption of art and literature (Britannica.com).

INDUSTRY AND TRADE

HERITAGE BIKE-FRIENDLY WALKABILITY

Before 1850, tourism, farming, fishing, charcoal, lumber, hotels, and a mineral spring made up the early stages of industry within the town. After the war, Ocean Springs added to this with the creation of several small, environmentally friendly industries primarily focused on marine research (oceansprings-ms.gov). Currently, Ocean Springs is home to the largest arts and crafts festival in Mississippi and an important food destination for the region (msgulfcoastheritage.ms.gov).

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

COMMUNITY CONNECTION

CULTURAL MATERIAL

At the end of World War II, Ocean Springs, Mississippi began developing several environmentally-focused industries primarily geared toward marine research. The Marine Education Center continues in this maritime legacy of innovation embodied within its form and function. It serves as the social and cultural meeting ground beyond The University of Southern Mississippi and serves the city of Ocean Springs and the surrounding coastal region.

The campus provides a place for access, study, and research to environmental education, ecology, habitat, and coastal resilience. Citizens Science Laboratory users have included the VietnameseAmerican commercial fishing community, whose economic resiliency has become dependent on understanding the impacts of coastal environmental hazards.

The use of local wood and pine in the construction of buildings makes up the majority of early architecture within Ocean Springs. Building facades, interiors, and floors at MEC were constructed using locally-sourced wood and pine, paying homage to the region’s vernacular form and creating a bridge to regional history.

EQUITY

The center supports a career-based working environment utilizing formal, non-formal, free-choice learning, and higher education strategies focusing on the coastal ecosystems of the north-central Gulf of Mexico to promote careers in marine sciences and foster community involvement.

COTE SUPERSPREADSHEET: MEASURE 2- DESIGN FOR EQUITBLE COMMUNITIES

CLIMATE

SECTION 4 DESIGN FOR CLIMATE CONDITIONS

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

SUN PATH

WINTER FALL SUMMER

The Marine Education Center receives consistent low sun from the south, southeast, and southwest during Winter Solstice. As seasons move closer to Summer Solstice, the sun’s path rises and becomes more distinctly separated along the east and west.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER CLIMATE

CONSULTANT

SUN SHADING CHARTS

The South facade receives the most consistent sun on average, with extreme heat exposure for most of the day. The East facade receives sun exposure from 7:30 to noon while the west receives exposure primarily from the afternoon to sunset. The north facade receives very little sun year-round.

NORTH

Shade Type: None

Shade Angle: 0

No intervention was needed on the North facade, which receives 0 hours of extreme heat exposure, 134 hours of comfortable sun exposure, and 14 hours of needed exposure during cold days on its own.

LEGEND

º Warm/Hot > 75ºF

º Comfort > 65ºF

ºCool/Cold < 65ºF

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

CLIMATE CONSULTANT

SOUTH

Shade Type: Overhang

Shade Angle: 40º

The South facade receives the most consistent sun exposure from June 21 to December 21. As such, a 40º horizontal overhang would reduce exposure of extreme heat to 0 hours with 1099 hours of those hours shaded, 165 hours of comfortable sun exposure with 711 of those hours shaded, and 542 hours exposed during cold days.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER CLIMATE CONSULTANT

SUN SHADING CHARTS

EAST WEST

Shade Type: Overhang, Fin

Shade Angle: 40º, 90º

The East facade receives a great deal of morning sun exposure with many of those hours being extreme heat. Utilizing both horizontal and vertical shading system, with an overhang at 40º and vertical fins at 90º, all exposure to extreme heat is eliminated while 26 hours of moderate sun exposure is sustained and 339 hours of sun exposure remaings during cold days.

Shade Type: Overhang, Fin

Shade Angle: 40º, 80º

At the West, sun exposure is most prominent during the afternoon to evening. With an overhang at 40º and vertical fins at 80º, all exposure to extreme heat is eliminated while 44 hours of moderate sun exposure is sustained and 270 hours of sun exposure remains during cold days.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER CLIMATE CONSULTANT

PSYCHOMETRIC CHART

The above chart lists design strategies that expands interior comfort conditions from the months of January through December. With the culmination of Sun Shading, High Thermal Mass, Evaporative Cooling, Dehumidification, and Heating amongst others, a 100% level of comfort can be achieved for occupants year-round.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

CLIMATE CONSULTANT

DESIGN STRATEGIES

When designing for the site’s subtropical climate, the two most impactful design strategies are the use of Heating and Humidification, as well as designing for conditions that support Internal Heat Gains. Heating and Dehumidification is often deployed by an energy-efficient HVAC along with passive design strategies that increase comfort within the home. For Internal Heat Gains, a well-insulated building envelope can better retain solar and atmospheric heat while also designing for the climate’s high levels of moisture, precipitation, and microbial growth.

Internal Heat Gains

Heating and Humidification

ECOLOGY

SECTION 5 DESIGN FOR ECOSYSTEMS

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MILA SALAHUDDIN

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER ECOLOGICAL

SITE ANALYSIS

AQUATIC FEATURES

The Marine Education Center is situated at the edge of Mississippi’s landmass above a network of bayous, wetlands, bays, and marshes. These link together to form a healthy estuary that flows out to the Gulf of Mexico.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

ECOLOGICAL SITE ANALYSIS

FLORA

AND FAUNA

The site’s dense forest ecology is split between an Upland habitat of woodlands, hardwood forests, maritime forests, longleaf pine forests, and barrier islands, while the lower wetland habitat includes pine Flatwoods, pine savannas, hardwood forests, and coastal marshes. Together, the site leveraged these diverse tree species by deriving its shape and scheme from the form of the existing native trees onsite.

Perhaps some of the Mississippi Coast’s most critical assets supporting its diverse bayou ecosystem are its thriving fauna populations. With its interconnected trophic levels, decomposers, consumers, and apex predators help keep the formation and maintenance of the bayou intact.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

WATER

SECTION 6 DESIGN FOR AQUATIC FEATURES

ENVIRONMENTAL PORTFOLIO | MILA SALAHUDDIN

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

WATER USAGE ON-SITE

RAINWATER HARVESTING BUILDING ELEVATION FLOOD PLAINS AND TIDAL MARSH

At the project’s main entry, rainwater harvesting strategies were implemented to take advantage of the region’s ample rainfall of 65 inches annually. Using French drains, rainwater is collected from the main building’s roof that flows into a 3,000 gallon underground cistern. This water is used to supply toilets throughout the facility and irrigation for all plant species onsite.

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MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

ECONOMY

SECTION 7 DESIGN FOR COST

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER DESIGN

FOR ECONOMY

CIRCULATION

The information available for the Marine Education Center’s circulation and daily use is minimal at best and not sufficient enough to conduct a thorough study on movemnt throughout the space. With this, a hypothetical analysis of circulation is based on the project’s abundant outdoor pathways and connections which function as the only axis connecting to the project’s series of pavillions. This leads to the conclusion that built circulation makes up about 10-12 percent of the overall built environment.

MATERIAL COST

White Oak was selected on the interior for millwork and accent paneling, while southern yellow pine was selceted for the primary structure (archello.com).

Given the prevalence of these materials in Mississippi, costs would have been economically priced. Current costs of white oak in Mississippi averages around $11 per board foot, and $360/ MBF (1000 board feet) (forest2market. com). Cost per square foot is reported to have been $346 at the time of construction in 2017.

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

DESIGN FOR ECONOMY

NARRATIVE

The MEC’s budget was set by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) standard guidelines, which established that the new facility could not cost more than the previous building. The project team started building programming by identifying spaces that were unused in the previous building so they could design better utilized square footage in the new facility. The educational classrooms and facilities, which are accessed via the cable suspension bridge, act as a secondary campus that can be completely shut down during the off season to conserve energy use. The design team also identified educational gathering spaces that could be located outdoors, lowering up-front construction, operating, and maintenance costs for the buildings. Buildings were situated to create these outdoor spaces (AIA COTE).

The new facility conserves the owner’s financial resources by designing longlife buildings, including planning for rebuilding after the next storm. The site’s flexibility also allows the MEC to provide additional programming after hours while maintaining a secure campus. This additional programing not only provides a financial gain, but furthers the center’s outreach (AIA COTE).

COTE SUPERSPREADSHEET: MEASURE 5- DESIGN FOR ECONOMY

ENERGY

SECTION 7 DESIGN FOR ENERGY-USE

MARINE EDUCATION CENTER

DESIGN FOR ENERGY

NARRATIVE

The campus is split according to use: The main campus, used year-round, is on one side of the bridge, while the other side is utilized mainly in the high season and can be shut down for months when not in use. Another strategy for reducing the buildings’ energy was to reduce the initial size of the project through extensive rightsizing work sessions with the owner and by maximizing the building’s usage through flexible, multi-use spaces, achieving energy reduction through smaller, more fully occupied spaces (LAKE FLATO ARCHITECTS).

The project was tracking LEED Gold certification until the state of Mississippi ruled through Bill 1243, Amendment 1777 that state funding could not be used for this system. Energy analysis was still performed per LEED intent. The center is predicted to consume 47 percent less energy than the national average for this building type. The energy cost savings is 36 percent over the ASHRAE 90.1-2007 baseline (AIA.ORG).

TALLY +

EC3

SECTION 8 LIFECYCLES + EMBODIED CARBON STUDY

TALLY ASSIGNMENT

FLOOR TYPE: CONRETE WITH CEMENTITIOUS UNDERLAYMENT

Global Warming: The global warming potential from the life cycle stages of the products section for the concrete/ cementitious underlayment is 77%. For the end of life it is 21%, the transportation makes up 2%, and this is of 12,563kg of CO2.

Acidification Potential: The acidification potential from the life cycle stages of the products section for the concrete/ cementitious underlayment is 72%, 6% for transportation, and 22% End if Life of 31.82kg of SO2.

Eutrophiciation Potential: The eutrophication potential from the life cycle stages of products section is 78%, 6% of this is transportation, and 16% is end of life, all out of 2.198kg of Marine Eutrophication.

Smog Formation Potential: The smog formation potential from the life cycle stages of the products section is 72%, 9% from transportation, and 19% from end of life, all out of 722.0kg Carbon Trioxide.

The large potential from the products category represents the larger capacity of concrete as a wasteful, environmentally harmful building material.

TALLY ASSIGNMENT

FLOOR TYPE: CONCRETE WITH CEMENTITIOUS UNDERLAYMENT

Global Warming Potential: With the life cycle stages itemized by division, we begin to see what the 77% is made up of; 50% of this is concrete, and 26% is finishes. For the 21% of end of life, 17% is concrete and 4% is finishes. and concrete and finishes of transportation makes up 2%.

Acidification Potential: The acidification potential from the life cycle stages of the products section for the concrete/ cementitious underlayment is 72%, 6% for transportation, and 22% End if Life of 31.82kg of SO2.

Eutrophiciation Potential: With the life cycle stages itemized by division, eutrophication potential from the life cycle stages of products section 78%, 52% of this is concrete while 26% is finishes. Of the 6% for transportation, 5% is concrete while 1% is finishes. For end of life, 16% is made up of 11% concrete and 5% is finishes.

Smog Formation Potential: With the life cycle stages itemized by division, the smog formation potential from the life cycle stages of the products section is 72%, 42% of which is concrete and 27% is finishes. 9% of transportation is made up of 8% of concrete and 1% is finishes. For end of life, 19% is made up of 52% concrete, and 20% finishes.

TALLY ASSIGNMENT

FLOOR TYPE: WOOD WITH ASH WOOD POLYURETHANE

Global Warming: The global warming potential from the life cycle stages of the products section for wood/ash wood polyurethane is -35%. For the maintentance and replacement, there is a 27% potential, which is slightly high. Transportation is 1%, which is due to the locally sourced wood material. For the end of life it is 60% with a net value of impacts and credits, and Module D is 11%. This is all out of 39,954kg CO2.

Acidification Potential: The acidification potential from the life cycle stages of the products section for the wood/ash wood polyurethane is 33%, 50% for maintenance and replacement, and 16% for end of life, and about 5% of this is net value. This is 299.2kg SO2.

Eutrophiciation Potential: The eutrophication potential from the life cycle stages of products section is 35%, 50% of this is for maintenance and replacement, 14% is end of life of which about 10% is net value. This is all out of 30.60.

Smog Formation Potential: The smog formation potential from the life cycle stages of the products section is 43%, 51% from maintenance and replacement, and about 3% of this is from end of life (not exact). This is out of 786,172.

The slightly lower potential in all sections is due to the renewavble factor of wood.

TALLY ASSIGNMENT

FLOOR TYPE: CONCRETE WITH CEMENTITIOUS UNDERLAYMENT

Global Warming Potential: With the life cycle stages itemized by division, we begin to see that -35% is wood, and 26% is finishes. For the 21% of end of life, 17% is concrete and 4% is finishes. and concrete and finishes of transportation makes up 2%.

Acidification Potential: The acidification potential from the life cycle stages of the products section for the concrete/ cementitious underlayment is 72%, 6% for transportation, and 22% End if Life of 31.82kg of SO2.

Eutrophiciation Potential: With the life cycle stages itemized by division, eutrophication potential from the life cycle stages of products section 78%, 52% of this is concrete while 26% is finishes. Of the 6% for transportation, 5% is concrete while 1% is finishes. For end of life, 16% is made up of 11% concrete and 5% is finishes.

Smog Formation Potential: With the life cycle stages itemized by division, the smog formation potential from the life cycle stages of the products section is 72%, 42% of which is concrete and 27% is finishes. 9% of transportation is made up of 8% of concrete and 1% is finishes. For end of life, 19% is made up of 52% concrete, and 20% finishes.

DESIGN FOR WELLNESS

DESIGN FOR RESOURCES