An investigation into the visual identities of various color noises.
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE SINGAPORE 2011
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
COLORS:
WHITE PINK BROWN BLUE VIOLET GRAY BLACK
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
- INTRODUCTION -
WHITE NOISE While noise is by definition derived from a random signal, it can have different characteristic statistical properties corresponding to different mappings from a source of randomness to the concrete noise.
Spectral density (power distribution in the frequency spectrum) is such a property, which can be used to distinguish different types of noise. THIS CLASSIFICATION BY SPECTRAL DENSITY IS GIVEN “COLOR” TERMINOLOGY. With different types named after different colors, and is common in different disciplines where noise is an important factor (like acoustics, electrical engineering, and physics). However, different fields may use the terminology with different degrees of specificity.
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
- POWER LAW NOISE -
Many of these definitions assume a signal with components at all frequencies, with a power spectral density per unit of bandwidth proportional to 1/f b β and hence they are examples of power-law noise. For instance, the spectral density of white noise is flat ( b = 0), while flicker or pink noise has b = 1, and brown noise has b = 2.
SINGAPORE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
- WHITE NOISE -
DEFINITION:
White noise is a signal (or process), named by analogy to white light, with equal energy per cycle (hertz). This produces a flat frequency spectrum in linear space. In other words, the signal has equal power in any band of a given bandwidth (power spectral density). For example, the range of frequencies between 40 Hz and 60 Hz contains the same amount of sound power as the range between 4000 Hz and 4020 Hz has. A signal is considered “white” if it has a flat spectrum over a defined frequency band (such as the range of human hearing, or the frequency response of audio/visual equipment).
WHITE NOISE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
SINGAPORE
- PINK NOISE -
DEFINITION:
The frequency spectrum of pink noise is linear in logarithmic space; it has equal power in bands that are proportionally wide. This means that pink noise would have equal power in the frequency range from 40 to 60 Hz as in the band from 4000 to 6000 Hz. Since humans hear in such a proportional space, where a doubling of frequency is perceived the same regardless of actual frequency (40–60 Hz is heard as the same interval and distance as 4000–6000 Hz), every octave contains the same amount of energy and thus pink noise is often used as a reference signal in audio engineering. That is, the human auditory system perceives approximately equal magnitude on all frequencies. The power density, compared with white noise, decreases by 3 dB per octave (density proportional to 1/f ). For this reason, pink noise is often called “1/f noise”. Since there are an infinite number of logarithmic bands at both the low frequency (DC) and high frequency ends of the spectrum, any finite energy spectrum must have less energy than pink noise at both ends. Pink noise is the only power-law spectral density that has this property: all steeper power-law spectra are finite if integrated to the highfrequency end, and all flatter power-law spectra are finite if integrated to the DC, low-frequency limit.
PINK NOISE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
- BROWN NOISE -
DEFINITION:
In fields that adopt precise definitions, the terminology “red noise”, also called Brown noise or Brownian noise, will usually refer to a power density which decreases 6 dB per octave with increasing frequency (density proportional to 1/f 2) over a frequency range which does not include DC (in a general sense, does not include a constant component, or value at zero frequency). In areas where terminology is used loosely, “red noise” may refer to any system where power density decreases with increasing frequency. The first definition can be generated by an algorithm which simulates Brownian motion or by integrating white noise. “Brown” noise is not named for a power spectrum that suggests the color brown; rather, the name is a corruption of Brownian motion. “Red noise” describes the shape of the power spectrum, with pink being between red and white. Also known as “random walk” or “drunkard’s walk” noise.
BROWN NOISE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
SINGAPORE
- BLUE NOISE -
DEFINITION:
Blue noise is also called azure noise. Blue noise’s power density increases 3 dB per octave with increasing frequency (density proportional to f ) over a finite frequency range.[2] [5] In computer graphics, the term “blue noise” is sometimes used more loosely as any noise with minimal low frequency components and no concentrated spikes in energy. This can be good noise for dithering. Retinal cells are arranged in a blue-noise-like pattern which yields good visual resolution.
BLUE NOISE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
- VIOLET NOISE -
DEFINITION:
Violet noise is also called purple noise. Violet noise’s power density increases 6 dB per octave with increasing frequency(density proportional to f 2) over a finite frequency range. It is also known as differentiated white noise.
VIOLET NOISE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
SINGAPORE
- GRAY NOISE -
DEFINITION:
Grey noise is random white noise subjected to a psychoacoustic equal loudness curve (such as an inverted A-weighting curve) over a given range of frequencies, giving the listener the perception that it is equally loud at all frequencies. This is in contrast to standard white noise which has equal strength over a linear scale of frequencies but is not perceived as being equally loud due to biases in the human equal-loudness contour.
GRAY NOISE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
- BLACK NOISE -
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
SINGAPORE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
BLACK NOISE IS ALSO CALLED SILENT NOISE. - Silence - Noise that has a frequency spectrum of predominantly zero power level over all frequencies except for a few narrow bands or spikes. Note: An example of black noise in a facsimile transmission system is the spectrum that might be obtained when scanning a black area in which there are a few random white spots. Thus, in the time domain, a few random pulses occur while scanning. - “The output of an active noise control system which cancels an existing noise, leaving the local environment noise free. The comic book character Iron Man used to have a “black light beam” that could darken a room in this manner, and popular science fiction has a tendency to portray active noise control in this light.” - The Batman Beyond supervillian Shriek also had a weapon like this, which effectively blocked out all noise. - “As seen in the sales literature for an ultrasonic vermin repeller, black noise with a power density that is constant for a finite frequency range above 20 kHz. More accurately, ultrasonic white noise. This black noise is like the so-called black light with frequencies too high to be sensed, but still capable of affecting the environment.”
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
SINGAPORE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
SINGAPORE
2011
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
AUDIO’S VISUAL IDENTITY COLORS OF NOISE
2011
SINGAPORE
DHIYA MUHAMMAD
- COLORS OF NOISE -
COLORS OF NOISE is published by: DHIYA MUHAMMAD dhiyamd@gmail.com www.dhiyamuhammad.tumblr.com
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