Mechanical Business May/June 2022

MAY/JUNE 2022 $6.95

Adam Bighill:

Influential on and off the field

FOCUS: Strategies to improve IAQ in schools Residential circuit venting and wet venting How changes to labour law impact your business Air conditioner coil performance booster Busting common heat pump misconceptions Exploiting an alternate refrigerant

PM #41536047

Also in this issue:

2022 PICKUP TRUCK ROUNDUP

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INTRODUCING THE NEXT GENERATION FLEXIBLE SHAFT MACHINE

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CONTENTS O F

SPECIAL FOCUS: BACK TO SCHOOL HVAC professionals weigh in on how to make schools safer beyond COVID

ENSURE THE IAQ REMEDY ISN’T WORSE ENSURE THAN THE PROBLEM:

UPGRADING SCHOOL VENTILATION SYSTEMS 39 BACK TO SCHOOL

The answer to how to make schools safer is simple: more fresh air. Cara Sloat

Adam Bighill:

INFLUENTIAL ON AND OFF THE FIELD

28 COVER STORY

This skilled athlete and Tackle Radon ambassador considers it his duty to bring awareness to the dangers of radon gas so everyone can take the steps required to protect their loved ones.

Kerry Turner

It’s an electronic new world

Clean coils ARE THE TICKET TO EFFICIENCY AND LONGEVITY

22 COOLING 68 PICKUP TRUCK ROUND UP

Routine maintenance and inspection of cooling systems.

Mark Roth

There is a slew of new trucks with ground breaking electronic technology on offer for 2022/2023. Howard Elmer

On the cover: Unlike his football career, which he seemed destined for, Adam Bighill’s entry into the IAQ world was more by chance.

Cover photo: Peter Scoular Photography

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TA B L E ­F E A T U R E S

M B

O F

S P E C I A L I S T S 30

6 WORTH A LOOK

Busting common heat pump misconceptions Survey results show heat pump hesitancy is largely due to customers being unaware or misinformed.

ated

CONTENTS

34

42 BACK TO SCHOOL

Jobsite Jargon: Test your IAQ knowledge.

46 BACK TO SCHOOL

Mix of strategies helps boost ventilation Carolyn Cooper

Less is more when it comes to residential venting Fred Bretzke Fixtures in houses tend to be laid out all over the place but venting becomes easier if you treat it as if the fixtures are in a row.

Achieving outdoor air compliance ERVs and DOAS enable outdoor air during most climatic conditions.

Ben Moore and Nick Agopian

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52 PROJECT PROFILE

Refrigerant makes its Canadian debut in cold storage application Low pressure solution ticks all the boxes for meat processor.

Heather Wilkinson

54 ROAD WARRIOR:

hile

HYDRONICS Learning the ins and outs of training Bob “Hot Rod” Rohr Everyone wins when hydronic system installers become trained and qualified.

62 PLUMBING

48 BACK TO SCHOOL

e in

REFRIGERATION Exploiting an alternative refrigerant: Parallel compression in CO2 booster systems Phil J. Boudreau Carbon dioxide is a great option in situations where a flammable, natural refrigerant cannot be used.

MARKETING Competition is heating up: How to market yourself as a progressive employer Doug MacMillan Ditch the one-size fits all approach to hiring if you want to attract employees.

HIGH-PERFORMANCE HVAC Gord Cooke returns next issue.

Mike and Chandler Bacon Family Matters Carolyn Cooper

56 PLUMBING

Water treatment 101 Understanding what’s in tap water.

Don Matt

80 HUMAN RESOURCES

You be the judge How changes to labour law impact your business. Sue Sodek

D E PA R T M E N T S

P R O D U C T S

8-12News

26,27Cooling

14,16Movers & Shakers

44,45Indoor Air Quality

17-20People

60Hydronics

76,77The Info Page

66,67Plumbing

77In the Next Issue

78Stuff You Need

82By the Numbers

4

M e c h a n i c a l

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2022-05-03 9:16 AM

Content Media Group Inc. 19 – 1525 Cornwall Road Oakville, ON L6J 0B2 Canada Tel: 905.465.2919 www.mechanicalbusiness.com May/June 2022 Issue Published 6 times per year.

For All Subscription Inquiries Shila Naik Circulation Director 905-272-4175 shila.naik@mechanicalbusiness.com Editor: Kerry Turner, C 416-435-1193 kerry.turner@mechanicalbusiness.com National Sales Manager: Kyle Badder, C 416-735-1375 kyle.badder@mechanicalbusiness.com Operations Manager: Caroline Bexfield, C 647-217-2076 caroline.bexfield@mechanicalbusiness.com Art Direction: Fourteen Orange Graphic Design Inc. davem@fourteenorange.com Controller: Liz Mills liz.mills@mechanicalbusiness.com Publisher: Bruce Meacock, C 416-457-9563 bruce.meacock@mechanicalbusiness.com PM:41536047 ISSN 1916-0674 MB (Print) ISSN 1906-0682 MB (Online) Proudly created and printed in Canada.

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WORTH

A

LOOK

Busting common heat pump misconceptions Contractors need to educate customers

A recent survey conducted on behalf of BC Hydro found many British Columbians are hesitant to install a heat pump because of lack of awareness and misconceptions about how they operate. Just over a quarter of BC homeowners expect they will have to replace their natural gas furnace within the next five years, and almost a quarter (24 per cent), said they are unlikely to consider installing a heat pump, with another 14 per cent saying they are unsure. Part of the reason for the hesitancy is a lack of heat pump knowledge.

For example, 30 per cent of those who are not likely to replace their natural gas furnace with a heat pump said it is because they do not know enough about heat pumps.

Misconception: Heat pumps are costly to operate. Sixteen per cent of British Columbian homeowners think so.

Fact: While costs depend on many factors, including type of system, size and location of a home, heat pumps can be 300 per cent more energy efficient and much less expensive to run than electric baseboard heaters, and comparable to the cost of natural gas heating. With summers getting hotter because of climate change, heat pumps can also cut down on cooling costs. They are more efficient than portable air conditioning or window units, and can reduce customers’ carbon footprints when switching from natural gas because they use hydroelectricity.

Misconception: Heat pumps do not work in cold weather. Eighteen per cent said they believe heat pumps do not work well in the cold.

Fact: In recent years, technological advances have allowed heat pumps to perform in very cold temperatures – some can provide adequate heating in temperatures as low as -30 degrees C. In very cold climates, supplemental heating from other sources such as electric baseboards can help.

Misconception: Heat pumps are expensive. More than 30 per cent of BC homeowners who have not considered installing a heat pump said they think it is too expensive to buy and install.

Fact: While some higher-end models can cost a bit more, the average cost to buy and install a system for small homes is about $7,000 and about $16,000 for larger homes. Rebates are offered in many jurisdictions.

Misconception: Heat pumps are noisy and take up a lot of space. Eight per cent of BC homeowners said they think heat pumps are noisy, and seven per cent said they take up a lot of space.

Fact: Most outdoor units have a sound rating around 60 decibels, which is comparable to the sound of light rainfall. Indoor units are even quieter and generally between 18 and 30 decibels. Ultra-quiet models are also available. Air source heat pumps require very little room, and the inside units are compact and can be mounted on walls.

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News

www.mechanicalbusiness.com

Industry responds to tax changes on HVAC appliances As of April 1, 2022 the province of British Columbia increased the provincial sales tax (PST) from seven to 12 per cent on fossil fuel combustion systems (FFCS), while removing the PST from heat pumps. The Canadian Institute of Plumbing & Heating and the Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada sent letters expressing concern to BC Minister of Finance Selina Robinson. Due to industry concerns, the province has made some clarifications regarding the implementation of the PST on heat pumps and fossil-fuelled appliances, and has added information about how parts and components are determined to be part of a FFCS or heat pump system. According to the province, there are numerous examples provided in the revised notice to assist in providing direction as to how the PST will apply to a FFCS and heat pump. gov.bc.ca

Manitoba launches buildings program Efficiency Manitoba is offering rebate incentives for designers and contractors of up to $2 per sq. ft. in new, energy efficient commercial or institutional buildings, as well as $10,000 toward energy modelling. Incentives of up to $10,000 for energy modelling include incentives for submitting energy modelling before tender and building permit issue; comparing designs against building code requirements; optimizing for energy efficiency with software modelling; and having the energy model report reviewed before construction.

New National Model Codes released The Canadian Commission on Building and Fire Codes (CCBFC) has released the 2020 National Model Codes including the National Building Code of Canada 2020, the National Fire Code of Canada 2020, the National Plumbing Code of Canada 2020, and the National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings 2020. There were more than 400 changes to the codes. Current provincial and territorial building, fire, plumbing and energy regulations will remain in effect until the 2020 Codes are adopted by the authorities having jurisdiction.

The National Model Codes are developed by the CCBFC every five years, and are published by the National Research Council (NRC). The 2020 Codes are available for free online; print editions may be ordered for a fee. nrc-publications.canada.ca

efficiencymb.ca

Nova Scotia introduces rebate guide

Canada-Alberta Job Grant extended

Efficiency Nova Scotia has released a commercial plumbing equipment rebate guide for businesses installing energy-efficient plumbing technology.

Rebates of up to $400 are available for highefficiency circulator pumps of less than 150 W, 150 to 499 W and 500 to 2,500 W that use a permanent magnet motor and that contain an integral variable speed drive which automatically powers based on system demand. Businesses with a utility bill of less than $3,800 per month may qualify for additional rebates when purchasing products.

The province of Alberta has announced that changes to the CanadaAlberta Job Grant introduced in February 2021 have been extended, and an updated applicant guide is now available. Under the program, employers apply on behalf of their present or future employees for eligible training costs. Employers may receive up to $300,000 per fiscal year under the grant.

efficiencyns.ca

alberta.ca

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06.22

News

www.mechanicalbusiness.com

BC passes Act to better support tradespeople and apprentices British Columbia has passed the Skilled Trades BC Act and created a new Crown agency it says will provide more support to tradespeople training apprentices. The new Act replaces the Industry Training Authority Act, and relaunches the Crown agency responsible for skilled trades training in the province, Industry Training Authority (ITA), as SkilledTradesBC. The legislation goes into effect this summer, and until then the agency will continue to act as the ITA. Under the new legislation, tradespeople will be required to register as an apprentice or a certified journeyperson to work in mechanical and electrical trades. Certification will be implemented over the next two years. The province has added 25 apprenticeship advisors to help tradespeople register, certify or access financial support, and has committed $5 million to the ITA to address waiting lists for priority trades programs so tradespeople can access training and refresher courses to complete apprenticeship training and certification. itabc.ca engage.gov.bc.ca

Jim Garrett and Simon Feddema form Boardroom Consultants Jim Garrett (1) has formed Boardroom Consultants with Simon Feddema (2).

The consulting business will help small- to medium-sized companies achieve sales growth, operational excellence and financial success.

Garrett recently retired from his position of vice president and general manager at Taco Comfort Solutions, while ex-Grundfos Canada president Simon Feddema retired last year after 29 years with Grundfos.

Yukon introduces heat pump rebate 2

Green Building Festival registration now open Registration is now open for the Green Building Festival, taking place November 1, 2022 in person and online at the Marriott Downtown at CF Toronto Eaton Centre in Toronto, ON. Hosted by Sustainable Buildings Canada, the event is themed “Positive.” Speakers will address pathways to positive outcomes such as retrofitting buildings, and the potential of tiny houses. sbcanada.org

M e c h a n i c a l

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Statistics Canada recently released information on employment income and mobility among new journeypeople, including data that shows fewer journeypeople are moving from their home province once they’re certified. Just 5.6 per cent were working in a different province where they were certified in 2019, the lowest percentage noted since data began to be tracked in 2008. That may change now that the federal government has announced Bill C-222, which offers mobility tax deductions for skilled tradespersons and apprentices starting with the 2022 tax year. That includes expenses that are not currently deductible under the Moving Expense Deduction. The Labour Mobility Deduction for Tradespeople will allow workers to deduct certain costs associated with travelling or relocating for a construction activity at a job site located at least 80 km away from home. Introduced during Budget 2022, the bill will allow tradespeople and apprentices who do not receive financial assistance from an employer to deduct up to $4,000 in eligible expenses per year. Workers may also be eligible for rebates to expenses during temporary relocations within Canada. budget.gc.ca/2022

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Mobility tax deductions introduced

B u s i n e s s

The Yukon government is offering residents a rebate when they install a heat pump system in a new home. Eligible homeowners can receive up to $1,500 if they meet certain criteria, including: having a home five years old or newer; using a heat pump listed by Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships as cold climate; using ground-source heat pumps that are ENERGY STAR certified; and having ducted systems with a Region IV (Canada) heating season performance factor (HSPF) equal to or greater than nine, and coefficient of performance (COP) at -15°C equal to or greater than 1.75; or having non-ducted systems, with a Region IV (Canada) HSPF equal to or greater than 10, and a COP at -15°C equal to or greater than 1.75. yukon.ca

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06.22

News

www.mechanicalbusiness.com

PEI offers rebates for upgrades with energy efficient equipment

Daikin aligns structure into single business unit

Efficiency PEI is offering rebates to residents installing eligible energy saving equipment in their homes, as well as free heat pumps for low-income Islanders.

Equipment eligible All installations must be done by a for a rebate includes Network of Excellence contractor Northeast Energy to be eligible for a rebate.

Efficiency Partnerships Cold Climate Air-Source Heat Pump Specification (NEEP ccASHP) air source heat pumps, ENERGY STAR certified heating equipment including geothermal heat pumps, water saving devices, and biomass heating devices. New constructions are not eligible. Residents can receive $1,200 on each eligible heat pump. Islanders with a lower income can receive up to $2,400 per eligible heat pump, or may qualify for a free heat pump. princeedwardisland.ca

Houston, TX-based Daikin is unifying its Daikin, Goodman and Amana HVAC brands under a new corporate structure and the name Daikin Comfort Technologies North America, Inc. According to the company, the changes align brand sales efforts and goals. northamerica-daikin.com

Vancouver to require heat pump certification As of July 1, 2022, the city of Vancouver is requiring that plumbers and mechanical contractors have a municipal heat pump certification and be registered as a certified heat pump installer. To be certified, installers must have industry experience as a plumber, gas fitter or HVAC technician, and have completed the municipal heat pump certification exam.

A mechanical permit will also be required for all new heating systems. The city of Vancouver and the Thermal Environmental Comfort Association are partnering to offer training. vancouver.ca teca.ca

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06.22

Movers & Shakers www.mechanicalbusiness.com

Can-Aqua now reps OS&B in Saskatchewan and Manitoba OS&B has announced that Can-Aqua International is now representing its lines in Saskatchewan, Manitoba and the Lakehead, ON region. Laval, QC-based Can-Aqua International has branches in Saskatoon and Regina, SK and in Winnipeg, MB. can-aqua.ca osb.ca

Aqua-Tech adds new Alberta distributor

Our ever growing line up just got bigger and better with our new additions for 2022! We have brought industry leading products this year that move air like you’ve never seen.

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Ouellet Group has announced it is expanding its production facilities by purchasing a 70,000-sq. ft. building next to its L’Islet, QC plant. The purchase will increase Ouellet’s manufacturing capacity by more than 50 per cent to 170,000-sq. ft. ouellet.com

Shoemaker Manufacturing sold to RectorSeal Houston, TX-based RectorSeal LLC has acquired Cle Elum, WA-based Shoemaker Manufacturing, a producer of grilles, registers and diffusers for residential and commercial applications. RectorSeal, a wholly-owned subsidiary of CSW Industrials, Inc., manufactures HVAC/R and plumbing tools and accessories. The acquisition provides RectorSeal with an additional 180,000 sq. ft. of manufacturing space. rectorseal.com

Zurn Water Solutions Corporation is merging with Downers Grove, IL-based Elkay Manufacturing Company. The combined company will be renamed as Zurn Elkay Water Solutions Corporation, and will be headquartered in Milwaukee, WI. Zurn offers sustainable water solutions and products, and Elkay provides commercial drinking water solutions.

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M e c h a n i c a l

Laval, QC-based Systèmes LMP, Canada has been acquired

by Evapco, Inc., forming a strategic alliance to pursue growing market demand for environmentally sustainable refrigeration systems using natural refrigerants. The new company will be called Evapco Systems LMP, ULC. The acquisition expands Evapco Inc.’s CO2 expertise and products. Evapco Systems’ CO2 refrigeration business will operate from Systèmes LMP’s Laval facility. evapco.com lmpinc.ca

Burlington, ON-based Aqua-Tech Sales and Marketing Inc. has named True North Hydronic Sales Inc. as its sales distributor for southern Alberta. Chestermere, AB-based True North, owned and operated by Dave Graham, will represent Lochinvar heating and hot water boilers. aquatech-canada.com

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Evapco acquires Systèmes LMP, Canada

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06.22

Movers & Shakers www.mechanicalbusiness.com

Wolseley opens new BC branch Burlington, ON-based Wolseley Canada has opened a branch in Richmond, BC. The 12,000-sq. ft. branch offers Wolseley’s full assortment of plumbing products, and includes a Wolseley Studio showroom, store and 7,000-sq. ft. warehouse. Jacqueline Parrent is the branch manager of the Richmond location. wolseleyinc.ca

McDougall Energy purchases Dowler-Karn Sault Ste. Marie, ON-based McDougall Energy Inc. has completed its acquisition of St. Thomas, ON’s Dowler-Karn Ltd. Both are family-run businesses. McDougall Energy distributes fuel, propane and lubricant products and services across Canada, with offices in Ontario and team members in Western Canada, as well as a network of Esso and Shell-branded retail stations and its own proprietary Pump retail brand. Dowler-Karn supplies fuels, propane and lubricant products to more than 18,000 customers from eight plants and nine fuel access centres in Southern Ontario. mcdougallenergy.com

Noble opens new Ontario location Noble opened a location in Stratford, ON in early May. The 7,200 - sq.ft. branch will offer Noble's full range of plumbing, HVAC, industrial and fire protection products.

Noble now has more than 50 locations in Ontario. noble.ca

Harrington Corporation bought

by Aliaxis Harrington Corporation (Harco) of Lynchburg, VA has been acquired by Aliaxis SA, a maker of advanced piping systems based in Brussels, Belgium. Harco produces gasketed joint injection-moulded PVC fittings and pushon gasketed joint ductile fittings. Aliaxis is the parent company of IPEX. aliaxis.com harcofittings.com

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People in the news www.mechanicalbusiness.com Jean-François Charest has joined Richmond, QC-based Thermo 2000 Inc. as national sales manager for Canada.

Patrick Charest is now vice president, sales and business development, for Saint-Brunode-Montarville, QC-based Groupe Stelpro.

Maxime Corbeil has been hired

by Enviroair Industries Inc. as technical sales representative in Montreal where he will primarily be responsible for the contractor market.

Refrigerative Supply Ltd. (RSL) has promoted Ron Scammell to account manager, commercial HVAC.

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Bradford White Canada has promoted two employees in its management team.

Mark Williamson (1) has been named general manager and sales director, while Ian Spalding (2) is now assistant general manager and controller.

Emco Corporation has hired hydronic heating expert Braden Davie for its strategic development program.

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3 Preeshnee PottayyaAppadoo is now Ontario sales engineer for the Commercial Industrial Engineering Division (CIED) of Canature WaterGroup.

Dave Voltan is now vice president of sales and marketing with Condair, responsible for the Canadian and U.S. markets.

1 Corey Fougere has joined Moncton, NB-based Trustek Sales Inc. as key account manager – Atlantic.

Richard Holbrook joins Georgetown, ON-based Howell Pipe & Valve Supply as vice president of sales and business development.

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Burlington, ON-based Taylor Walraven has made three employee changes. Mike Du Maresq (1) has been promoted to vice president sales, Chad Neil (2) joins the company in a sales and business development position, and Jeroen Oosting (3) has been transferred to Canada from Taylor Walraven in the Netherlands as regional product manager for North America.

Jeff Pitcairn is now senior sales engineer for Mestek Canada’s Boiler Products Group.

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06.22

People in the news www.mechanicalbusiness.com Tom Braun has taken a sales position with commercial vehicle upfitter Woodfield Canada Inc.

Mike Kamil has joined Bolton, ON-based Adrian Steel Canada Inc. where he is responsible for commercial regional sales.

Cameron Reid-Burdon has been named account manager Canada at VaudreuilDorion, QC-based Spartan Peripheral Devices.

Dave Shaw has joined AAF Flanders as district manager − commercial and industrial.

Vaughan, ON-based Crane Supply has appointed Mato Zovko as inside sales representative.

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Kareth Middlemass has joined Napoleon as director of brand marketing.

Daniel Rosato has been named national sales manager – Flame for Cambridge, ON-based Glen Dimplex Americas.

Visit mechanicalbusiness.com for the most up-to-date People coverage.

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06.22

People in the news www.mechanicalbusiness.com

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Carlo Gavazzi has announced the appointment of Dany Lavoie (1) as area sales manager, Montreal region, and Brett Horst (2) as area sales manager, Southwestern Ontario region.

Burlington, ON-based Wolseley Canada Inc. has named Matt Garside as branch manager of its Owen Sound, ON location.

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Caleffi North America, Inc. has promoted Max Rohr (1) to manager, education and industry engagement.

Mary Olson (2) is now marketing 3 director. Dan Phelps (3) has been named senior manager, planning and customer service.

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Coquitlam, BC-based Equipco Ltd. has promoted Jared Bonnett (1) to managing partner, and hired Anthony Chopp (2) as outside sales representative for Edmonton and northern Alberta.

Keep us posted To have your company’s personnel promotions and hires within your company featured here, send announcements with photos to editiorial@mechanicalbusiness.com.

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2022-05-06 2:37 PM

COOLING |

By Mark Roth

Mark Roth is national sales director at Goodway Technologies.

Clean coils ARE THE TICKET TO EFFICIENCY AND LONGEVITY

DIDYOUKNOW? Dirty condenser coils reduce energy efficiency about 60 per cent.

W

hen it comes to HVAC systems, those with the cleanest coils perform best. Maintaining them properly helps sustain maximum operating efficiency and keeps high performance equipment running smoothly. In fact, this is exactly why most manufacturers recommend routine maintenance and inspection of the complete system and its coils, to be done annually, at minimum.

Air conditioner coils such as evaporator coils and condenser coils are the primary method for heat exchange, whether that be removing heat from the air or pushing heat back into the air. Generally, an air conditioning system has two sets of coils, condenser coils, and evaporator coils. These coils are usually made of copper tubes with aluminum fins, which aid in the heat exchange process.

The evaporator coil, or indoor coil, is often described as the “cold” coil and works by absorbing heat from the indoor air blown over by the air handler’s fan. The condenser coil or outdoor coil is the “warm” coil as it rejects the heat as a fan blows outside air over the surface. Keeping these coils clean is essential to keeping an HVAC system running at top efficiency and increasing its life.

Here are a few methods that have been commonly used to maintain HVAC coils in commercial facilities:

Garden hoses – good flow, but limited pressure and can’t effectively clean hard-to-reach coils.

Pressure washers – use pressure that is too high and may damage fins.

Aerosols – little pressure and contain

Coil cleaners/washing systems – specialized

harsh chemicals that are hard on coils and can cause corrosion and damage.

system with balanced pressure and water volume that is safe on coils.

While each of these methods have their own benefit, only coil cleaner systems are specifically designed to clean coils in a variety of places, indoors and out.

Pump sprays – low pressure and flow and not very effective in penetrating most coils beds.

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Precision Enhanced comfort and control

It’s an Amana brand. ®

Inverter technology.

American legacy.

Select Amana brand condensing units feature Inverter compressor technology. So now, you can sell your customers the best of both worlds: technology and American pride. Inverter compressor technology, designed to provide precise indoor temperature control, offers enhanced comfort solutions to you and your customers. To learn more about the Amana brand, America’s brand for comfort, talk to your Amana brand distributor today or visit www.amana-hac.com.

www.amana-hac.com

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COOLING

DIDYOUKNOW?

Cont’d from pg. 22

COIL CLEANING Q&A How do you clean an industrial condenser coil?

Cleaning industrial condenser coils is vital to maintaining system efficiency. The best method for cleaning condenser coils is to back flush them with water, using medium (no more than 400 PSI) water pressure and plenty of water flow (above 2.5 GPM).

Specialty coil cleaning systems have been designed to help speed this process. Using chemicals to aid in cleaning can help, especially if there are residues such as oils or grease.

AC systems operating with dirty coils can consume up to 37 per cent more power and still perform less effectively than clean coils.

Can you use degreaser on condenser coils?

You can use degreasers on condenser coils, however be sure to choose degreasing cleaners specially made for cleaning HVAC/R coils. Coil cleaning systems offer unique features that minimize the amount of water pressure used to clean thick coils, while maximizing the water volume used to clean coils. The combination of medium pressure and large water volumes allow professionals to quickly clean condenser coils.

What chemicals are used for condenser descaling?

A general rule of thumb is that if you don’t need to use chemicals, then don’t.

However, many condenser coils require some minimal level of chemical to help dislodge and flush away built-up materials, or if heavy oils or grease are present.

Make sure to use chemicals that are specially designed for HVAC/R use, and avoid using products that include harsh alkalis or acids. These include chemicals such as potassium hydroxide. These will cause coil damage and are dangerous to skin and lungs if breathed in.

OTHER CONSIDERATIONS Is there water available?

Depending on where the coils are located, you may have to bring your own water to the job, so finding this out beforehand is very important. When it comes to cleaning in remote locations, on-board water tanks help get cleaning done quickly. If water is available, especially if coils are located outside, having more water volume for coil cleaning could help cut cleaning time.

Size really does matter Another very important factor to consider when cleaning coils is their thickness.

Thick coils are usually pretty challenging to clean efficiently. Cleaning them right requires a perfect combination of higher volumes of water and pump pressure to penetrate far enough into thick coil beds to flush out dirt and debris.

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LOCATION, LOCATION, LOCATION Coils are located in units outside, on rooftops above the facility, inside narrow ceilings and even tucked away inside of mechanical rooms. It is not uncommon to find hundreds of throughthe-wall PTAC fan coil units in a hotel, dormitory, or apartment building. As the air moving over the coils contains dust, dirt, pollen, moisture, and other contaminants, the coils get dirty and become less efficient. In addition, the evaporator coil and its condensate pan can become fouled with pollen, mould spores, and other biological contaminants that can have adverse effects on indoor air quality. If not maintained, the moisture around the evaporator coil can become a breeding ground for bacteria and mould.

Indoor Coils In some cases, indoor coils are difficult to clean because they are stationed in hard-to-reach areas and are barely visible. On other occasions, you may be required to clean them in a space being occupied by others. However, in most cases, a portable unit with controlled flow and perfect pressure is required. Coil thickness and drainage are very important to take into consideration when selecting equipment.

Power up!

Outdoor Coils

Knowing if there will be electrical power in an area you will be cleaning coils is equally as important as knowing if there will be water available. Have you thought about how you’re going to clean coils in remote areas with no outlets?

For applications without power, use generators or battery-powered models.

Outdoor coils in units stationed on high rooftops are exposed to a broader range of debris from the environment, so lack of proper maintenance could cause them to lose efficiency faster. Outside coils are also generally thicker than inside coils, so they need a broader range of solutions with greater power.

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Cooling

Products Thermostat adaptor The universal thermostat adaptor from Johnson Controls allows variable capacity residential HVAC systems from York, Luxaire, Coleman and Champion brands to seamlessly interface with most third-party thermostats. The unit connects to variable capacity communicating furnaces or air handler units with standard ports for easy plug-and-play installation and setup with 24V thermostats.

www. johnsoncontrols.com

Condensate removal pump The EC-1K-DV series of pumps from Franklin Electric are automatic condensate removal systems designed to remove the water from a ductless mini-split evaporative coil when gravity-feed drainage isn’t possible.

Featuring 2.5 gph at one-ft. (9.5 lph) flow capacity and 60°C maximum liquid temperature, the systems includes a pump, line set kit, 19.7 in. drain hose tubing, reservoir, and easy-toinstall mounting brackets.

www. littlegiant.com

Rooftop unit The Q-Series line of three-phase packaged rooftop units from Allied Commercial are designed for light commercial operations and can accommodate horizontal and downflow applications. The units feature plug-and-play design for quick installation, and consist of the QGA Gas/Electric, QCA Electric/Electric HVAC systems, and QHA heat pump. Sizes range from three to five tons and 1,200 to 2,000 cfm, with ratings of up to 14 SEER and 11.5 EER, and a cooling capacity of 34,000 to 57,000 BTUH.

www. allied-commercial.com

Tubing cutter

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The Napoleon NS18 heat pump and 18 Seer air handler is a heating and cooling system in one that uses a variable inverter compressor and vapour injection technology to cool residences on days as hot as 54°C. The unit offers a low profile and quiet operation, with multiple installation options. Featuring a multispeed constant torque ECM blower motor and a fully insulated cabinet design, the NS18 series is compatible with standard heat pump thermostats or smart thermostats.

www. napoleon.com

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and ow lay of ctric zes to R

Cooling Comfort fan Continental Fan’s Comfort Max fans redistribute heated or cooled air to floor level, eliminating temperature layers in the ceiling space. With a high-efficiency EC brushless motor, the fan is available in 10- to 24-ft. sizes, and includes five-blade aluminum airfoils, 200-240 Vac or 400-480 Vac, 50/60 Hz, three-phase operation, and security wire, stabilizing cables and hub ring for safety. The fan can be used in a maximum ambient temperature of 120°F.

Products

Evaporator coil The AlumaFin7 from Goodman reduces the height of most matchups by four inches. The unit’s seven millimetre grooved tubing, multi-louvered design is engineered to improve heat transfer without retention, while the corrosion- and mould-resistant thermoplastic drain pan controls condensate.www.goodmanmfg.com

www. continentalfan.com

Air handler Westinghouse has expanded its line of minisplit heat pump systems with a high-efficiency, multi-position, quiet operation air handler suitable for many types of 24V controllers. The air handler’s modular design permits discharge air directly up, horizontal or to the right or left, and up to 0.8 in. WC static pressure. The new units are available in 24,000, 36,000, 48,000 and 60,000 BTUH sizes and are designed to accept extended refrigerant piping lengths.

www. westinghouseAC-USA.com

Pump chiller LG’s inverter scroll heat pump chiller combines variable refrigerant flow technology with chilled water production to offer a flexible, quiet and costeffective solution for air-source heat pump heating and cooling. The unit is available in three frame sizes, with a 17- to 60-ton cooling capacity and 204- to 716-MBH heating capacity. Cooling operation is from 5°F to 125°F, and heating operating is from -22°F to 95°F, with a rated sound pressure at 30 ft. of 51-60 dB(A).

www. lghvac.com

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2022-05-04 3:38 PM

COVER STORY

By Kerry Turner

Over the course of the three seasons of the Tackle Radon campaign, 3,625 homes have tested for radon across eight provinces and two territories.

Adam Bighill:

INFLUENTIAL ON AND OFF THE FIELD

Photo Peter Scoular Photography

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ootball fans know Adam Bighill as a three-time Grey Cup champ and a highly-skilled, driven linebacker.

Outside of football circles the Canadian Football League (CFL) veteran is also known for his commitment to numerous charities such as the Children’s Hospital Foundation, Operation Smile, the Ride for Dad, Special Olympics, Making Faces, and the Tackle Radon campaign for which he is an ambassador.

Unlike his football career, which seemed to be in the cards since he started playing at seven years old, Bighill’s entry into the world of indoor air quality was more by chance.

When Tod Boss, who has had a working relationship with The Lung Association for years through a variety of programs including Tackle Radon, reached out to him, Bighill’s interest was piqued. “Tod Boss had the idea of educating the public about the dangers of radon. I had no idea about radon. He just randomly hit me up on Twitter and we had a conversation and piqued my interest. Tod gave me a tester to use in my house. Sure enough, my numbers came back high − higher than I would’ve liked.

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“We made use of our HRV to the fullest to get as much ventilation as we could. That helped a considerable amount. It was still a bit high, but you know, it was a rental home and we weren’t really able to put in a mitigation system, but we were in the process of building a new home. In our new home, indoor air quality was paramount. We have a radon mitigation system.

“Tackle Radon caught my interest and awareness personally, for me and the health of my family. It gave me some tips and tricks to achieve a better number.

That was the beginning of opening my eyes to informing others. People need to know how safe they are, and what to do to ensure radon levels are at least under Health Canada guidelines.”

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On the Field Bighill, whose contract with the Winnipeg Blue Bombers was extended for the 2022 season, started his career with the CFL when he was picked up as a free agent by the BC Lions in 2011. Coming from the National Football League (NFL) style of play to the CFL suited Bighill, who finds the CFL style more exciting.

“The field’s larger. You have one more player on the field, so 12, instead of 11, you can have six guys in running motion before the play. It’s like a bunch of organized chaos out there. You have to be more athletic and have exceptional speed to play CFL. Not that those things aren’t required in the NFL, but it’s over and above in the CFL. You have to be more athletic in the space, that’s for sure.”

Bighill has another career path underway with a private wealth management company and today was take your Grey Cup to work day.

He is proficient at a number of sports but it is the physical nature of football that makes it Bighill’s favourite sport to compete at. “It’s definitely for tough people. That’s something that really drew me to it − the tough game builds a tough person.” It is the off-the-field side of football he sometimes finds hard. “My least favourite part of the game is losing guys to the business of the game, where you don’t get to play with certain teammates anymore; they’re no longer in your locker room.”

At 33 years old Bighill has been fortunate and has not had serious injuries, but professional football isn’t something you can do forever. He has another career path underway with a private wealth management company. “I have a great team I’m working with outside of my football world. My long-term goal is building my platform in the financial industry and wealth management. I’ve already got a great start there. At the end of the day, I want to play as long as I’m willing to compete. Right now I still want to compete and I still want to train to be the best. And my body’s holding up. At this point, who knows it could be another three years.”

For the record Bighill’s 2021 season was one of his finest as he led the CFL’s stingiest defence with 70 tackles and added two quarterback sacks, two interceptions and two fumble recoveries – one for a touchdown. He was busy in the playoffs, too, registering eight tackles in the Western Final and another five in the 108th Grey Cup. Bighill signed a one-year contract extension to remain with the club on January 20, 2022. He remains one of the Blue Bombers’ most-influential players and leaders on the field and in the community. He and his family became Winnipeg residents after he signed a three-year contract extension in 2019. Bighill suited up for six seasons with the BC Lions (2011-2016), recording 509 defensive tackles, 70 special teams tackles, eight interceptions, eight forced fumbles and 33 sacks in 99 career CFL games (85 starts). He was a four-time CFL AllStar and five-time West All-Star with the Lions and was a member of their 2011 Grey Cup championship team. In 2015, Bighill led the CFL with 117 tackles and was named the league’s top defensive player. Bighill was twice named the Lions Most Outstanding Player (2013, 2015).

• Canadian Football League Most Outstanding Defensive Player, 2015, 2018, 2021 • CFL All-Star, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2021 • CFLPA All-Star, 2012, 2015, 2019, 2021 • West Division All-Star, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018, 2021 • Norm Fieldgate Trophy (Most Outstanding Defensive Player, West Division), 2015, 2018, 2021 • Blue Bombers Most Outstanding Player, 2018 • Blue Bombers Most Outstanding Defensive Player, 2018, 2021 One of the most decorated defenders in league history, Bighill was named the league’s Most Outstanding Defensive Player for the third time in his career after winning in his first season with the Blue Bombers in 2018 and in 2015 as a member of the BC Lions.

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REFRIGERATION

EXPLOITING AN ALTERNATE REFRIGERANT: PARALLEL COMPRESSION IN CO2 BOOSTER SYSTEMS

O

ne of the main challenges with using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is its low critical point of approximately 87.8°F or 31°C. Historically, when the critical point of a refrigerant is lower than the ambient air, it was dismissed as a viable refrigerant. However, Gustav Lorentzen, a professor at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, proposed that refrigerant carbon dioxide could be used in its supercritical state at heat sink temperatures which exceed the critical point. During 1988 to 1991, he developed a transcritical cycle using supercritical CO2.

The primary reason for exploiting CO2 in this manner is that it has no ozone depletion properties and has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1. Additionally, it is non-toxic in the classic sense and non-flammable. This makes CO2 a great alternative in situations where a flammable, natural refrigerant such as ammonia cannot be used. There are different grades of carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide that has an extremely low moisture content and is very pure, is used for refrigeration and air conditioning applications. Carbon dioxide used in these applications is designated as R744 refrigerant.

Transcritical compressor.

TRANSCENDING THE CRITICAL POINT In a refrigeration process involving vapour compression, transcending the critical point requires a compressor that can increase the discharge pressure to a point somewhat above the critical point. Since the critical pressure of carbon dioxide is 1,070 psia, this means the compressor must be able to lift the pressure to some level above this. For example, with a gas cooler outlet temperature of 80°F, the pressure will be approximately 1,088 psia. When the gas cooler outlet temperature is 90°F, the discharge pressure will be approximately 1,155 psia. If the ambient temperature was such that the gas cooler outlet

Supercritical fluid is not a liquid, and it is not a vapour.

As R744’s pressure and temperature and/or temperature reach the critical point, the density of the vapour and liquid become equal. As the refrigerant is forced beyond its critical point, we can say that the R744 transcends the critical point and becomes a supercritical fluid. This is where the term transcritical was derived from. Supercritical fluid has the high density of a liquid and the diffusivity of a vapour. Note that a vapour expands to fill the container which surrounds it.

Supercritical fluid has this same property.

Fluids have been used in their supercritical fluid state for several years. One example of an application that employs a substance in this state is a carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction process in which the supercritical fluid is used to extract essential oils from plants and such. Another application or supercritical fluid CO2 is the decaffeination of coffee beans, tea leaves, and so on.

Phil Boudreau

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Booster system with a flash-gas bypass valve and parallel compression.

Phil leads special projects and provides national technical support for Bitzer Canada Inc. He can be contacted at pboudreau@bitzer.ca.

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accumulates in the bottom of the receiver while the vapour occupies the space above the liquid. Since the volume occupied by the flash gas is determined by the remaining space in the receiver that is not occupied by liquid, the pressure will increase as the system operates.

temperature increases to 100°F, then the discharge pressure would be approximately 1,350 psia.

The discharge pressure is not set to some arbitrary value, but instead, an optimum pressure that results in the highest coefficient of performance for a given ambient temperature. This optimum pressure is determined by the gas cooler operating temperature difference (TD) and the ambient temperature. Therefore, the sum of both the ambient temperature and the gas cooler TD equals the gas cooler outlet temperature.

At some point, we must remove some flash gas from the receiver. This is to prevent the pressure within the receiver from exceeding a certain point. Typically, the receiver pressure is at a level that corresponds to a saturation temperature that is 10 to 25°R above the saturated suction temperature (SST) of the medium temperature (MT) suction group. This often corresponds to a receiver pressure that is typically within the 500 to 600 psia range.

Between the outlet of the gas cooler and the receiver, a stepper-motor-driven high-pressure regulator is used to regulate the discharge pressure. As the pressure is reduced, and once the pressure drops to a point that lies on the saturated liquid curve of the pressure-enthalpy diagram, the supercritical fluid changes state. Specifically, flash gas and liquid begin to form. As we would expect, more flash gas will form as the pressure is further reduced as the liquid R744 cools itself.

The higher the pressure drop, the higher the percentage of flash gas that will enter the receiver. Liquid of course

Aside from the high-pressure valve between the gas cooler outlet and the receiver inlet, a flash-gas bypass valve is used for the purpose of venting the receiver to the suction of the MT compressors.

As we know, higher suction pressures always increase the efficiency and mass flow rate of compressors. Since the flash gas bypass valve reduces the receiver pressure to the MT suction pressure, more compressor displacement is required for a given flash gas flow rate.

Tomorrow’s refrigeration, today.

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Make Oxford Energy’s OLPP™ solar kit the next step in your customer’s corporate stewardship journey. With plug-and-play simplicity, it can be added to any system easily and efficiently. The solar option ties into the main power supply of each unit and automatically ‘sheds’ power as it harnesses free energy from the sun.

OLPP solar is ready as an off-the-shelf option for any system, or to enhance the efficiency of any Oxford Refrigeration system already in the field.

Call us today to find out more.

519-532-6373 • oxfordenergy.ca

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REFRIGERATION

Cont’d from pg. 31

MODIFIED VERSION A modified version of the basic flash gas bypass system described earlier is the flash gas bypass process, which also utilizes a parallel compressor group. These parallel compressors are sized such that they will be able to handle the total flash gas load at design conditions. This means that the parallel compressors will be loaded up when the ambient temperature is at its highest and the load on the evaporators is at its maximum.

Since the parallel compressors are dedicated to removing the flash gas from the receiver, this suction group will operate at a higher pressure than the medium temperature.

This of course increases the overall efficiency of the booster system. In fact, utilizing parallel compressors in a system with a 95°F gas cooler outlet temperature is expected to increase the efficiency of the booster system by 19 to 20 per cent.

Parallel compression is one way to increase the efficiency of a transcritical compression process. An evaporative gas cooler is another form. Ejectors may also be used in conjunction with parallel compressors. With this approach, some of the flow to the MT compressors is diverted to the parallel compressors as the ejector lifts the MT pressure to the receiver tank pressure. This will be explored in a future article.

The flash gas bypass process also utilizes parallel compression.

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3/11/2019 4:38:32 PM 2021-07-05 9:49 AM

HYDRONICS

B y B o b “ Ho t R o d ” R o hr

Learning the ins and outs of training I

Additionally, you must consider the cost involved in the training event and the lost revenue, multiplied by how many members of your company are along for the day. Yes, I know this expense should be built into the cost of doing business. That training cost dollar amount or percentage should be shared by all your customers.

Writing the actual check, however, is always frightful. What if the class fails to deliver? I will say that the manufacturers aim to make the access to training affordable, so they can recoup the costs on your future purchases.

Suppliers offer training for the same reason. And they want you to know how to safely use and benefit from their product offerings. The cost they incur with returned or misapplied components needs to be accounted for, and training is one way to reduce those costs.

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The delivery I’ve learned by being a trainer for the past decade and a half, and travelling with reps across Canada and the U.S., that there is a training opportunity pretty much every week somewhere, on some product. And don’t forget other trainings such as business development, sales and marketing, insurance, business in the COVID years, and so on.

Like most attendees, I’m biased towards the hands-on actual product application types of training. I am not a huge fan of cutting out a day for training that turns into mainly a sales spiel about a product or brand. It may be tough to know that when you sign up. So, ask others who have attended before you about the content and presentation of the class. Avoid training that turns into a bait and switch trick.

Certainly, some of that comes from the management or marketing team at the company. Selling product is what keeps the door open.

The actual trainer has a large part in the content or direction of the class. If the trainer’s background is that of a technician, if he or she is an actual wrench puller, the presentation tends to take the path of his or her past experiences. If you have a room full of technicians, plumbers, HVAC folks that are the doers, they see through

A good trainer can quickly switch gears and adjust the presentation to the needs or wants of the group.

B u s i n e s s

Photo Eden Energy

am at a point in my career where I can talk somewhat knowledgeably about training.

I spent the first 15 or so years of my career struggling for the legal tender like many small shop owners. Training then pretty much involved time off from the day-to-day workload to travel somewhere for an organized training opportunity.

This involved a day of missed income, so the choice to attend often came down to the last minute. If the phone is ringing off the hook, loyal customers with no heat, or plugged sewer calls, it’s tough to leave it behind for the day. Even if you do leave it behind, your mind is on all those calls, and trying to troubleshoot in your head what may be wrong. So, in the classroom you may not be 100 per cent engaged in the presentation. At least that is what I experienced.

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HYDRONICS

Cont’d from pg. 34

the imposters quickly. A good trainer can quickly switch gears and adjust the presentation to the needs or wants of the group. Remember that everyone in the room may not be expecting the same information.

Photo Eden Energy

The need for training never ends. It can’t because boilers, heat pumps, and automation systems are getting complicated and becoming increasingly high tech. Gone or going away for the most part are capillary tube controls, and relays that you can actually see, identify and watch in action. In some cases, the entire control is in a sealed module, intended to be replaced, not opened and serviced.

So not only the knowledge, but the proper tools and meters to begin the troubleshooting procedure have shifted dramatically in the electronic age and continue to do so.

Let customers know through marketing and on your vehicles that you are trained or certified on the products you sell and install.

Something for everyone

Challenge yourself

As to where training takes place, manufacturers continue to offer training sessions at their facilities. Many will include a shop tour allowing you to see where the sausage is made, and meet some of the folks who build the components.

Training opportunities are always on the road somewhere. Manufacturers try to lay out a schedule well in advance to allow you to better schedule convenient classes. If you like to travel, the “A” ticket is a trip to somewhere nice, like Italy for example, for a plant tour, training event, site seeing, and dining experiences.

The biggest change in our world, in my lifetime anyway, is the use of the internet. Online training offerings are everywhere, provided by most industry stakeholders. You may choose to attend webinars in real time or click in later to the archive and watch when time allows, or digest in bits and pieces.

Hybrid online training is one of my favourites. An instructor may be in front of a piece of equipment and the attendees are encouraged to participate in the process. Talk the trainer through a troubleshoot for example. They are your hands connected virtually to your brain.

Bob “Hot Rod” Rohr has been a plumbing, radiant heat and solar contractor and installer for 30 years. A long-time columnist and trainer, he is education manager with Caleffi North America. You can reach Hot Rod at bob.rohr@caleffi.com.

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At the end of the day, or article, here are my thoughts. Always challenge yourself and your team to advance your knowledge through training events. Find a comfortable mix.

Attend the live events to stay sane, and to meet and greet other humans face to face.

But also embrace the online experience.

From the trainer’s side, we can get in front of hundreds, even thousands, of people with an online event. That is virtually impossible with a live event.

Put together your own training schedule.

Most manufacturers are happy to arrive at your shop with a class tailored to your needs. These are my favourite events. I love to spend an hour or so with as many of the company’s team as possible. We get to know each other and the wants and needs we each have. The experience I gain as a trainer helps me adjust constantly to what is the best information I can share. Plus, I like checking out the service vehicles you all have.

Let the trainer know what clicks for you and what wastes your time. A trainer should be able to read the crowd and know when they are hitting the right buttons, but don’t be afraid to guide them.

Let customers know through marketing and on your vehicles that you are trained or certified on the products you sell and install. Brag about your company’s dedication to ongoing training. The mechanics at car dealers are good at this. Plaques on the wall and badges on their work shirts proudly share their training accomplishments.

As a lifelong learner and seasoned trainer, I encourage you to continually expand your education. It won’t be long before you may be at the front of the classroom.

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BACK TO SCHOOL

B y Cara Sloat

B y Cara Sloat Cara Sloat, P.Eng. is senior engineer at Hammerschlag and Joffe Mechanical and Electrical Consulting Engineers in Toronto, ON.

ENSURE THE IAQ REMEDY ISN’T WORSE THAN THE PROBLEM:

UPGRADING SCHOOL VENTILATION SYSTEMS W

hen it comes to the COVID-19 pandemic and schools, there has been widespread debate about the risk associated with in-person schooling. Luckily for HVAC professionals, the answer to how to make schools safer is simple: more fresh air.

This issue has consequences beyond the pandemic. Research in the last two decades has clearly established links between student performance and indoor air quality (IAQ), including showing that providing more fresh air means fewer sick days for teachers and students, and significantly improved task speed when more fresh air is provided.

The pandemic has revealed sobering facts about our existing school building stock: a substantial portion cannot achieve code-compliant ventilation rates, and many have other indoor environmental issues, such as poor classroom temperature control.

The research chair of sustainable building technologies at Mohawk College, Tony Cupido found that 30 per cent of Ontario school classrooms are completely unventilated.

Harvard-based research also demonstrated that CO2, which used to be considered an “indicator” of poor air quality, is itself a contaminant of concern, causing impairment in task orientation, initiative, information utilization and strategy beginning at indoor CO2 levels regularly exceeded in classrooms and boardrooms. Absences due to illness from infectious diseases beyond COVID (colds and flues caught by students in classrooms) also negatively impacts school performance.

Graphic Sustainable Buildings Canada

Indoor Environmental Quality And Student Performance

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Air Quality

Infection Risk

Acoustic Comfort

Thermal Comfort

Light and Views

•Carbon Dioxide (CO2) •Volatile organics •Formaldehyde (HCHO) •Ozone (O3) •Nitrous Dioxide (NO2) •Dust / PM •Allergens, including from pests and mould •Odours •Humidity

•Airborne infectious droplets/aerosols •Fomites (infectious surfaces) •Sewer gas

•Noise from HVAC •Noise from outdoors •Acoustics inside room (echoes) •Noise from adjacent classrooms

•Too hot •Too cold •Drafty •Radiant discomfort (sun, cold windows)

•Adequate light levels for reading •Avoiding glare •Access to daylight •Access to views

Research shows fewer sick days for teachers and students, and significantly improved task speed when more fresh air is provided.

MB_IAQ CaraSloat 06.22v2.indd 76

Research shows absence due to illness negatively impacts school performance.

In trying schools, high qua conditio

Research shows clear In a 2016 NYC study More than 20 studies positive relationships of 75,000 students, have shown a M erelationship c h a n i c a test l Bscores u s ifell n by e s0.2 s 0between 6 . 2 2access to 39 negative daylight and student per cent for every °1F between performance, social temp increase: the environmental noise behaviours, and test likelihood of a exposure and scores. student failing was student learning 2022-05-12 4:16 PM

BACK TO SCHOOL

Cont’d from pg. 39

However, we must make sure that in correcting this problem, we don’t cause more harm to learning outcomes. While adequate ventilation is critical, so are other indoor environmental quality issues:

The following suggestions can help maximize benefits as school, or other buildings, consider these retrofits:

• Noise: More than 20 studies have shown a negative relationship between environmental noise exposure and student learning outcomes.

When reviewing airflow at existing air handling systems:

• Acceptable indoor temperatures: In a 2016 NYC study of 75,000 students, test scores fell by 0.2 per cent for every °1F temp increase: the likelihood of a student failing was 12.3 per cent higher at 90°F then at 75°F. • Light and views: research shows clear positive relationships between access to daylight and student performance, social behaviours, and test scores.

• Finally, the climate change impacts of increasing the energy use of schools will negatively impact learners across the planet, as the number of hot days increase. Therefore, ideally IAQ improvements are implemented as energy-efficiently as possible.

As early as March of 2020, scientific journals had published case studies of HVAC being involved in spreading COVID from one person to another within rooms: a wall-mounted A/C system in Guangzhou China, operated with no fresh air, infected 10 people over the course of a single sit-down meal; an HVAC system spread COVID among call-centre workers only on one side of an open office space.

In response to mounting evidence that COVID is airborne, a number of prominent organizations published COVID response recommendations for schools, which have converged over time on four major IAQ strategies: 1. Increase outdoor air through the building’s HVAC system. If possible, implement flushing between occupancy periods.

2. Upgrade to MERV 13 filters in recirculating air handlers.

3. When weather is good, open windows to increase outdoor airflow. If possible, use fans to force air through the windows.

4. Install stand-alone high-efficiency particulate (HEPA) air filters in rooms.

Since controlled indoor air temperatures, low ambient noise levels, and access to view and windows are important, increasing outdoor air and upgrading filters have been the most popular strategies with school boards.

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Maximize benefits

• Consider sealing ductwork. Mohawk College testing and verification saw an average 36 per cent improvement in delivered air flow rates for existing air handlers when fog-type duct air sealer was implemented at buildings for portfolios at five different school boards, with some buildings getting as much as 80 per cent improvements. These changes do not increase energy consumption − but air previously lost to plenum and ceiling spaces is now delivered to classrooms. In fact, median properties saw an eight to 10 per cent energy cost reduction due to better space temperature control. This fogged air sealing product has a 20+ year life expectancy.

• Implement Controls. It is imperative that systems are off overnight − 62 per cent of heating costs can be avoided if this is done. Demand control using CO2 sensors can further reduce costs by providing fresh air to occupied spaces, and not empty ones.

• Review the air intake location. Ensure that plumbing vents, natural gas appliance flues, exhaust fans outlets, and sources of vehicle exhaust are far enough away from the intake.

• Ensure the building is balanced. Increased fresh air supply must be paired with increased exhaust or relief air to keep the building balanced.

If considering a renovation or expenditure to add or improve fresh air capacity: • Strongly consider high performance energy recovery ventilators (ERVs). ERVs reduce carbon emissions, minimize peak heating and cooling loads for fresh air conditioning, and provide wintertime humidification for free. For schools, where summertime building use is limited, regenerative dual aluminum core ERVs provide efficiencies of about 87 per cent to 90 per cent, substantially exceeding wheel and fixed plate type exchangers.

• Learn more about displacement ventilation for classrooms. Displacement ventilation can improve the amount of fresh air in the breathing zone during the winter by up to 33 per cent in a single-storey space, or 46 per cent in a double height space.

Research consistently predicts better air quality in classrooms using displacement ventilation. Consider the words of a school board representative after two successful retrofits of schools to displacement ventilation, “The improved air quality is noticeable.

It’s dramatically better. And there’s about a 20 per cent savings in energy cost. It’s comparable in cost to a single duct VAV system. Why would you want to do anything else?”

• Consider induction diffusers and/or destratification fans. Where displacement isn’t an option, ensuring air is well mixed provides the next best thing − induction diffuser tests at Canada’s National Research Council showed a 27 per cent improvement in the amount of fresh air in the breathing zone compared to overhead heated air supply.

• Consider humidification. Research published by ASHRAE showed that increasing humidity to 40 per cent in the wintertime reduced daycare absence due to illness by 50 per cent.

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Figure 1 Typical elementary school fresh air energy use

If addressing filtration: • Ensure the filters are not being “bypassed”: visually inspect the filter rack and ensure a tight seal is achieved at all four sides of each filter.

• Learn the limits of your system: While MERV 13 is the minimum recommended filter efficiency, during an active pandemic, if MERV 14 or 15 can be accommodated without negatively impacting airflow, go for the higher performance.

Installing high performance systems will limit the annual operating cost impact of adding fresh air to a building that previously operated without it. Figure 1 illustrates annual energy costs to ventilate a 27,500 ft2 elementary school located in southwestern Ontario to ASHRAE 62.1-2010 levels before and after energy conservation approaches are considered.

It also shows how a basic fresh air intake at a rooftop unit can be improved to reduce annual

energy costs by about 90 per cent compared to the baseline. As contractors and engineers, we have a responsibility to help building owners understand the value of investing in higher performance equipment up front.

Supplying adequate amounts of conditioned fresh air will make schools better places to learn even after the pandemic is over: it’s an investment worth making.

Reference: preparation-in-the-pandemic_iaq-in-schools_final2.pdf (ashrae.org)

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JOBSITE JARGON

WIN!

Match the terminology you hear in the field to the correct definition or function by June 30, 2022 and enter for your chance to win a Kane wireless carbon monoxide detector. Send your answers to kerry.turner@mechanicalbusiness.com or enter online at mechanicalbusiness.com. In the event of a tie, the first entry in will be given the win, so don’t delay! NEW: To make it a little more challenging there will be one definition without a match.

EXAMPLE: 11) Virus: Microscopic particle composed of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat  Answer 11, L

A) Symptoms affect some building occupants when they are in the building and diminish or go away when they aren’t in the building. Cannot be traced to specific pollutants or sources B) May be bypass type or pressure dependent

JOBSITE JARGON 1)

HSPF

2)

Electrode

3)

Adsorption

4)

Latent Heat

5)

Building-Related Illness

6)

Ambient Air

7)

Transformer

8)

Colony-Forming Unit

9)

VAV

C) Conductor through which electric current is passed D) Brings out a change in state without changing the temperature E) Heating efficiency rating for heat pumps F) A measure of bacterial or fungal numbers G) Transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another, either stepping up or reducing the voltage through inductively coupled conductors H) Adhesion of atoms, ions, or molecules from a gas, liquid, or dissolved solid to a surface I) Materials that readily absorb, remove moisture J) Air external to a building or device K) Discrete, identifiable disease or illness that can be traced to a specific pollutant or source within a building L) Microscopic particle composed of DNA or RNA surrounded by a

10) Aeration

protein coat

11) Virus

M) Can improve the amount of fresh air in a breathing zone during

12) Sick Building Syndrome 13) Desiccants

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JOBSITE JARGON06.22v1.indd 1

N) Air is circulated through, mixed with or dissolved in a liquid or substance

Congratulations!

24 42

the winter by up to 33 per cent in a single-storey space

B u s i n e s s

The winner of Jobsite Jargon in the March/April 2022 issue of Mechanical Business is Shane Johnson. Johnson is a service technician with Tradeforce Tech in Kitchener, ON.

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People counting sensor The Irisys Vector 4D sensors, in combination with Yorkland Controls’ integrated solutions, offer real-time data to automatically control a building’s ventilation system. Using the BACnet/IP intelligent occupancy sensors the system bases ventilation rates on a per person calculation, increasing indoor air quality while saving money and energy.

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Air monitor Carrier’s new air monitor allows users to monitor the indoor air quality of any room in a house, apartment or office space. Part of Carrier’s Healthy Homes solutions, the air monitor continuously samples the air and measures temperature and relative humidity, as well as the levels of particulates, fine particles and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) associated with potential health concerns. The monitors feature an LED ring light to provide constant air quality status, and can send real-time information to users remotely through the Carrier Home smart phone app.

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Packaged System The EnergyPack from Nortek Air is a packaged system designed for the commercial market in sizes from 1,000 to 300,000-plus cfm. The variable aspect ratio, packaged HVAC solution is engineered to customer specifications with Fanwall Technology, specialty filtration, integrated or non-integrated post conditioning technologies, and integrated DDC controls.

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Energy reovery ventilator The EV Series Premium − Model S is a static plate enthalpy core-based energy recovery ventilator (ERV) for smaller, indoor air quality (IAQ) applications.

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BACK TO SCHOOL

B y Cara Sloat

MIX OF STRATEGIES HELPS BOOST VENTILATION IN SCHOOLS

B y C ar olyn Cooper

T

he Cleaner Air for Schools (CAFS) program, an initiative between partners Nerva Energy Group, Mohawk College and Climate Change Leaders, is the winner of the 2022 Clean50 Top Project Award. CAFS was recognized for its success in increasing ventilation in Ontario schools by an average of 40 per cent, while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by an average of 27.7 per cent.

The Clean50 Top Project Awards are hosted annually by Delta Management Group and the Canada’s Clean50 organization.

The awards recognize the best sustainability-oriented projects completed in Canada in the past two years, and projects are chosen based on five criteria: impactful, innovative, inspiring, informative, and can readily be imitated.

The CAFS initiative came about after the federal and provincial governments introduced a COVID Resilience Infrastructure Stream (CVRIS), allowing the Ontario Ministry of Education to administer $685 million for education-related initiatives.

Launched in March 2020, “The Cleaner Air for Schools program was born from a COVID-19 pandemic task force comprised of engineers and indoor air quality (IAQ) specialists, whose key objective was to develop a solution that would help schools increase airflow and improve IAQ without sacrificing their energy performance goals and GHG emissions reduction benchmarks,” says Josh Lewis, engineering manager for Nerva Energy Group Inc. The Stoney Creek, ONbased company offers strategies that use existing technology to improve IAQ and energy performance, and decrease GHG emissions.

Nerva Energy based its solution on the guidance from American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) on COVID-19

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A classroom with active air purification installed transmission in schools showing that efforts to mitigate the risk of transmitting airborne pathogens should include a mix of strategies, including increased ventilation, adding better filtration, improving air distribution, and using other air cleaning or treatment technologies. A major challenge was the fact that many facilities were aging and had outdated mechanical infrastructure.

Operation of duct sealing system B u s i n e s s

Rather than replacing equipment, Juan Malvestitti, director of sales and marketing for Nerva Energy, said the company “engineered a four-step process to help schools properly quantify their existing ventilation rates, rehabilitate aged and damaged ductwork infrastructure and optimize air handling units to maximize ventilation.”

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In addition, says Lewis, CAFS “brought forward two awardwinning technologies that improve energy performance, while preventing the spread of COVID-19 by delivering cleaner, healthier air. These two technologies are aerosolized ductwork sealing and active air purification.” Lewis explains that aerosolized duct sealing “was developed at the Lawrence Berkley Institute over 20 years ago, yet until recently remained widely unknown in Canada. This innovative solution is transforming the way public buildings operate their facilities, helping to eliminate unnecessary energy waste and drastically reduce carbon emissions by fixing a pervasive efficiency problem found in almost every building – ductwork leakage.

Active air purification technology was developed in the mid1980s. Since then, it has been proven to reduce the spread of viruses, bacteria, mould, VOCs, and allergens within buildings, both in the air and on surfaces.

“Until the current pandemic, it has been primarily utilized by hospitals and the food processing industry to ensure the safety of their staff, patients, services, and product,” continues Lewis.

“By expanding its reach into the wider building sector, this innovative solution is raising the bar on the expectations for IAQ, helping to reduce the risk of COVID-19 transmission today, and providing ongoing value to combat seasonal flus, colds, future pandemics, and ensure a high level of IAQ is achieved and maintained.”

Aerosolized duct sealing According to Malvestitti, the “Cleaner Air for” program has expanded beyond schools to service post-secondary institutions, healthcare facilities and municipal buildings. To date it has been installed in 900 buildings, positively impacting 500,000 occupants and 60 million sq. ft. of space.

“Our school board partners are achieving an average 25 per cent increase in overall airflow, while some older, underserviced schools, are surpassing 50 per cent,” says Nerva CEO Rob Hallewick. “The results continue to exceed expectations.”

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BACK TO SCHOOL

ACHIEVING OUTDOOR AIR COMPLIANCE

B y Cara Sloat

By Ben M oor e & Nic k A g opia n Ben Moore is the regional sales director for Eastern Ontario and Western Quebec in the business solution division of The Master Group Inc. He can be reached at bmoore@master.ca. Nick Agopian is vice president − sales/marketing, RenewAire of Waunakee, WI.

recommended by ASHRAE, was executed during the recent pandemic in many buildings with ERV/DOAS capabilities.

To prepare for future pandemics or just annual influenza or common colds, industry manufacturers have been encouraging engineers and contractors to specify ERVs and DOAS up to 20- to 30-per cent larger than what ASHRAE Standard 62.1– Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality calculations recommended five years ago. That percentage is a starting point and there are no restrictions for specifying even larger outdoor air capacities. Unlike furnaces and air conditioners, oversizing ERV/DOAS won’t decrease efficiency.

ERVs and DOAS enable outdoor air during most climatic conditions.

T

wenty years ago, commercial and light commercial HVAC rooftop units (RTU) were commonly specified with economizers for energy-efficient outdoor air. Today however, trends point toward energy recovery ventilators (ERV) and dedicated outdoor air systems (DOAS) for outdoor air compliance.

Economizers have been popular for decades, because they bring in outdoor air when ambient climate conditions are conducive to indoor air comfort temperature/humidity set points.

ERVs and DOAS enable outdoor air during nearly any climatic conditions. They efficiently use energy recovery from exhaust air to preheat or precool the incoming outdoor air. Consequently, ERV/DOAS popularity has grown as specifiers gain confidence that some equipment using static plate enthalpy cores can operate in Canada’s extreme winter temperatures.

Core-based ERVs and DOAS can operate down to -23°C (-10°F) without requiring electric defrost cycles. If temperatures drop lower, outdoor air can be reduced or return air can be used to warm the cores.

Furthermore, cores don’t freeze, because they deal with moisture in a vapour state, thus they don’t require drain pans and condensate lines.

Buildings with ERV/DOAS equipment can transition beyond normal outdoor air operating codes to 100 per cent outdoor air when pathogens such as COVID-19 are prevalent. This dilution strategy, which is

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Depending on the province, the ventilation and energy requirements stated in the National Building Code of Canada (and also influenced by Canada’s Green Energy Code) are indirectly based on ASHRAE 62.1 and ASHRAE 90.1– Energy Standard for Buildings, Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. For example, the required ventilation of the Ontario Building Code, Section 6.2.2.1 refers to ASHRAE 62.1.

A recent proposal to codes in Canada is that HVAC projects which surpass 1,200 CFM should be outfitted with some type of energy recovery equipment.

Sizing has been simplified by manufacturers with proprietary software calculations that culminate with projected energy savings and return on investment (ROI). Specifiers need only the CFMs, static pressure and the outdoor air ratio to receive sizing information for heating and cooling loads.

The NBCC accepts both ERVs and heat recovery ventilators (HRVs), the latter of which has been a Canadian staple since the 1990s. Each methodology has its own advantages. Both are excellent energy savers during winter operation. Today, the technologies’ costs are similar.

From a contractor standpoint, ERV/DOAS equipment maintenance consists of annual or semi-annual vacuuming of the static enthalpy core media, which have lifespans up to 20 years. Maintaining comfortable RH levels and recovering energy year-round may override cost differences between the technologies. Furthermore, the installation cost disparity typically offsets capital cost differences when considering sizing requirements and defrost times. Finally, ERVs don’t condense, therefore condensate drain installation is eliminated.

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BACK TO SCHOOL COMMERCIAL ERV DUCTING TIPS: • Don’t locate an ERV air intake too close to a contaminating source, such as a kitchen exhaust, idling vehicle area, dryer vent or a gas meter, the latter of which has potential to leak or vent • During a ERV defrost cycle, with exhaust only feature, the building could become negative which can be an issue with combustion equipment • Locate the air intake a minimum of one foot above the geographical area’s projected snow line and protect it with a pest screen • It’s a good practice to use the optional damper model recommended by most ERV manufacturers for their respective equipment • Fresh air duct and exhaust air duct connected to the exterior should have thermal insulation with vapour barrier on the exterior wall of the duct • Connections and exterior wall penetrations need sealing. In addition, vents/ louvers should have bird screens to prevent animals from entering

Cont’d from pg. 48

Ventilation Codes While guidelines may vary per province, Ontario’s ventilation performance is guided by the Ontario Building Code (OBC), Supplement SB-10, which refers to ASHRAE 90.1-2010 & ASHRAE-2013.

Compliance with requirements in the OBC for energy efficiency of buildings within the scope of Part 3 and Buildings of Non-residential Occupancy within the scope of Part 9 can be achieved through adherence to requirements set out in:

Le Centre d’hébergement des Pensées in Saguenay Lac-Saint-Jean, QC, is an example of reducing CO2 and energy costs, while improving overall IAQ. The 99-room long-term care centre’s original rooftop packaged HVAC system had reached the end of its lifecycle. Consulting engineer Patrick Barriault together with Martin Roy & Associés in Quebec City, combined a new rooftop with a 2973-L/s (6300-cfm) ERV. The four-storey facility’s first use of an ERV increased the facility’s outdoor air in comparison to the original unit. Annual heating and humidifying energy costs and carbon emissions were reduced by $25,000 and 10,886 kg (12 tons), respectively.

• ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013 + SB-10 Division 3 Chapter 2 Prescriptive Path • CCBFC NRCC 56191, 2015 National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings + SB-10, Division 3, Chapter, 3 Prescriptive + Performance Paths • ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1-2014, “Standard for the Design of High- Performance Green Buildings Except for Low-Rise Residential Buildings” Performance Path – Modelling Required • ASHRAE 90.1-2010 + SB-10 Chapter 2 + 13% Performance Path – Modelling Required • National Energy Code for Buildings 2011 (NECB) + SB-10 Chapter 3 + 13% Performance Path – Modelling Required • ASHRAE 90.1-2010 + 5% + 13% Performance Path – Modelling Required In comparison, Quebec added Chapter I.1 (Efficacité énergétique du bâtiment) in the Quebec Building Code on June 27, 2020 where the transitionary period ended on December 27, 2021. Under Section 5.2.10.1, when the amount of sensible heat exhausted exceeds 50kW, the system must have heat recovery or energyrecovery technology.

The sensible efficiency must be at least 60 per cent.

Contribution to building certifications ERV/DOAS equipment can help LEED projects gain credits. Another building certification, the WELL Building Standard (WELL) by the International WELL Building Institute is gaining traction with more than 2,000 certified Canadian projects. WELL is a performance-based system geared toward comprehensive occupant health, safety and well-being. An annual review is required to continue displaying the WELL Health Safety Seal emblem demonstrating the facility is performing to original certification requirements. HVAC and indoor air quality via outdoor air induction is a significant factor in WELL’s building performance standard. Applicants earn one or two points under the “enhanced ventilation category” by increasing outdoor air by 30 per cent and 60 per cent over ASHRAE 62.1-2010 recommendations to help attain gold, silver, or platinum certifications.

WELL also offers three points if you maintain 750-PPM of CO2, which would require 100 per cent more air than the minimum.

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An annual review is required to continue displaying the WELL Health Safety Seal emblem.

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2022-04-27 11:22 AM

PROJECT PROFILE | By Heather Wilkinson

Refrigerant MAKES ITS CANADIAN DEBUT IN COLD STORAGE APPLICATION Low pressure solution ticks all the boxes for meat processor

S

ikorski Sausages Co. Ltd. is a secondgeneration family-run business in Southwestern Ontario, which produces and packages over 100 specialty European meat products. The company relies heavily on large refrigeration systems to A low pressure differential system with a zero-leak design with electronically maintain product safety and freshness governed, no pressure-dependent devices, and an adaptable, intuitive user during processing, packaging, and storage interface was selected for the Sikorski project. operations. Utilizing top-quality cooling systems is imperative for safeguarding the In partnership with OES, grocery stores and cold storage warehouses environment from harmful emissions, ensuring the quality of its install completely integrated, lower GWP refrigerant, zero ODP, products, and protecting profits. oil-reduced and oil-free systems with solar panel energy offset.

“They want refrigerants and cooling systems that have the longevity A planned facility expansion would almost double Sikorski’s space to support growing, lucrative businesses and make the best and the business required new equipment that would offer longenvironmental choice to meet global and individual sustainable term solutions. In addition, the solution had to allow a transition to development goals,” says Kungl. a system with advanced design and control platforms which would deliver significant energy savings.

Regulations that accelerate the phase-out of manufacturing, importation, and distribution of legacy refrigerants require “We find that customers are increasingly alternatives. interested in systems which increase energy efficiency, and that they The Sikorski facility previously used R-404a refrigerant, will not need to replace in the next which is no longer allowed in new installations. seven to 10 years due to changing Hydrofluoro-olefin (HFO) based refrigerants meet regulations, decommissioned regulatory requirements of reducing harmful atmospheric refrigerants, or system failures,” notes emissions.

Ben Kungl, president and owner of Oxford Energy Solutions (OES).

The relationship between refrigerants and maintenance requires the consideration of system pressure. Components must work harder OES has been developing and promoting Canadian designed and to achieve results with higher pressures, increasing required energy built refrigeration equipment from its facility in the Woodstock, and causing stress on system components prone to leaking, greater ON area since 2006. It challenges stagnant, inefficient refrigeration maintenance requirements, and environmental risks. designs by creating a platform which offers a solution to the impact of cooling on the environment.

With energy efficiency and lower maintenance costs a priority for food processors, choosing a high-pressure system at the Sikorski Heather Wilkinson is head of customer integration and sustainability with facility would have raised the risk of compromising product safety Oxford Energy Solutions Inc. due to the increased possibility of downtime.

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IMPROVING AUTOMATION

Project details Designed: January 2021 Installation: November 4, 2021 Commissioning: November 18 to December 2, 2021 Project significance • Highlights the need for the refrigeration industry to expand its focus beyond energy consumption and consider the mandates it faces to replace decommissioned refrigerants.

• This is the first application using Honeywell’s low GWP HFO R-515B blend in a cold storage facility in Canada.

FINDING A SOLUTION

A low pressure differential system with a zero-leak design, electronically governed, no pressure-dependent devices in the equipment, and an adaptable, intuitive user interface was selected for the Sikorski project. The system lowers the required head pressure and compressor ratio, reducing the required internal heat of compression. Maximizing the energy reduction of low compression ratios offers better energy consumption results, lowers the environmental impact, and removes end-of-life equipment issues.

“It maintains the lowest possible pressure differentials throughout the system to achieve a long-term platform that targets zero refrigerant leakage,” says Kungl.

The system digitally controls

pressures needed to push The system utilizes Honeywell’s R-515B, a non-flammable, refrigerant through the equipment.

HFO blend with a much-reduced GWP of 293. It demonstrates environmental and performance benefits in commercial refrigeration systems, offering a low-risk alternative to HFC fluids that do not meet regulatory criteria.

Beyond the dramatic 92 per cent reduction in GWP from R-404a, R-515B low-pressure attributes, combined with the non-toxicity and non-flammability, offers considerable advantages in comparison to other alternate refrigerants.

Conventional systems require more refrigerant, while the low-pressure differential platform uses a much lower charge to accomplish greater efficiency with improved safety. The design maximizes how the refrigerant is used, using only the required amount to do the work, with no extra chemicals and no waste.

Machine learning and adaptive predictability allow the system to assess component operation and efficiencies and respond appropriately. The system digitally controls pressures needed to push refrigerant through the equipment – based on a constant influx of information gathered from sensors that consider factors such as changes in ambient temperatures or load profiles.

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

The conventional system previously used by Sikorski was generating approximately 34.66 tons of Co2e. (Carbon dioxide equivalent or CO2e means the number of metric tons of CO2 emissions with the same global warming potential as one metric ton of another greenhouse gas.)

With the low pressure differential system, emissions were calculated to be reduced to 6.18 tons: a reduction of 28.48 tons CO2e – or 82 per cent. Kungl adds that, “If we compare the low pressure differential solution to new conventional equipment, we see a minimum energy reduction of approximately 15 per cent.”

The low pressure HFO blend meets mandated regulations while offering customers the longevity they need from investments in their refrigeration equipment. Together with the low pressure differential system, the solution provided to Sikorski allowed the company to reach sustainable development goals, reduce energy consumption, and protect profits.

R-515B has an efficiency equivalent to R-134a, while the discharge temperature/pressure of the refrigerant is much lower than R-134a. In combination with R-515B, the platform’s attributes are stable even with a high-operating ambiance due to high critical temperatures. They do not require additional resources – unlike a CO2 system. In addition, water dependency in the refrigeration system’s heat-rejection is eliminated.

The sum of all parts

Sustainable refrigeration must consider the total equivalent warming impact (TEWI) for a comprehensive view of environmental impact.

Equipment contribution to emissions exceeds GWP; complete impact measurements should also include indirect sources of emissions (refrigerant production processes, system operation, storage, and decommissioning). Every low pressure differential platform component is designed to reduce both direct and indirect environmental impacts. The ability to employ the nonflammable azeotropic blend in a commercial food storage/manufacturing facility accelerates a sustainable outcome greater than ammonia or CO2-based refrigerants on overall mechanical requirements, energy consumption, and maintenance costs over the life cycle of the equipment.

The low pressure platform with the EXVs, compressors and control system makes using this refrigerant possible with a high degree of success.

• EXVs are bipolar, fully hermetic stainless-steel valves, and are integrated with a system that optimizes the control of refrigerant throughout the refrigeration circuit.

• Scroll compressors and the monitoring, diagnostics and control sequence provide the foundation for the successful implementation of a low-pressure differential platform with the chosen refrigerant.

• Limitations caused by high pressures, ambient temperature and mechanical devices have been eliminated.

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Road Warrior

By Carolyn Cooper

Names: Mike Bacon (MB) and Chandler Bacon (CB) Nicknames: MB Action Mike CB Bacon or Bing Company: Action Plumbing & Heating Ltd. Job title: Journeyman plumbers and gasfitters, owners Born in: MB Meadow Lake, SK CB Lloydminister, SK Live in: MB Warman, SK CB RM of Vanscoy, SK Age: MB 60 CB 39 Spouse’s name: MB Diane CB Amorita Pets: CB A dog called Jacob

Mike and Chandler Bacon: Family Matters I

t was while he was studying to become a veterinarian that Mike Bacon decided he preferred the plumbing industry. “When I was in university I was looking for a part-time job, and I ended up working with a neighbour who had started his own company doing plumbing,” recalls Bacon. “I enjoyed it immensely because I got to work with my hands and work with different tools, and do problem solving on a regular basis. So I decided I wanted to go into the plumbing trade instead.”

Photo by Darlene Pitchko, Pixels n’ Poses

Bacon stayed with his first employer after receiving his journeyman and gasfitter licences, and in 2003 when the owner retired, he and his wife Diane bought the company and kept the name Action Plumbing & Heating Ltd. It was not long after that his son Chandler joined the business. “Dad called me up asking if I was interested in coming back to work for him.

I definitely was because the oilfield wasn’t really for me,” says Chandler Bacon, who at the time was working on drilling rigs in Alberta.

Today the company has a crew of eight providing residential and commercial service to the Saskatoon area, and bids on larger industrial projects throughout Saskatchewan and Alberta, including remote northern communities. The company has worked on water distribution buildings, water treatment plants, water booster systems, sewage pumping stations, lagoon stations and blowers.

Boilers are also a big part of the business, and Bacon routinely works with wholesalers to design boiler systems. He is also a commercial start-up rep for Lochinvar, authorized to commission boilers over 400,000 BTU, and has started up boilers of anywhere from 750,000 to three million BTU. Daughter Larissa also works in the business, and along with Diane ensures everything is running as it should. It’s one reason Bacon believes the company has remained so successful for almost 20 years. “A lot of smaller business don’t have anybody in the office, it’s a journeyman owner with a couple of helpers. And they try and do all this office work themselves plus all the field work,” he says. “We take pride in being a reputable business that does quality work, and we stand behind our work. We sell

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our customers on the fact that it’s a family business, and it will be here 10, 15 years down the road.

There’s nothing wrong with these new guys starting businesses, but 70 per cent of them are not here in two or three years. The work they do is great, but running the business is the hard part. And to grow your business, you have to stop micromanaging and start delegating responsibilities to people that are capable of doing the work for you, and allowing them to work and to fail − if they’re not allowed to fail, they don’t learn.”

Chandler adds that it helps that everyone gets along. “We never fight,” he laughs. “We’re a pretty

easygoing family. We work with each other, so we understand each other.” The family has already begun succession planning, and within the next three years Bacon plans to semi-retire, while Chandler and Larissa take over the company.

“When the business changes hands I want to stay working for them for another five years or so as a consultant or on the road fixing boilers,” adds Bacon.

“Right now, wholesalers call me because they have customers with boiler systems that other contractors cannot fix. So, I get sent to fix those boilers. It’s actually quite gratifying to be recognized that way.”

In the mechanical industry since: MB 1994 CB 2003 Best advice you’ve ever received: MB Trust your ability and have confidence to do what you need to do CB Look at a big job as multiple small jobs Advice for young people considering the trades: MB Understand that working in the trades is what you make of it CB Trades will always be needed The current work ride: 2022 Chevy Silverado 2500 HD High Country Service area: Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba Favourite part of the job? MB Understanding and fixing any problem my customer has CB Piping boilers One place in the world you would like to visit: MB England CB Hawaii Favourite sport: MB I have a love-hate relationship with golf CB Hockey Most useful tool in your toolbox: MB Channel lock pliers CB Multimeter

Favourite TV show: MB Home improvement shows CB Ridiculousness Favourite car: MB 1969 GTO CB Porsche 911 Turbo Favourite outdoor activity: MB Mountain biking, camping CB Camping Favourite place to be: MB Out in nature at a lake CB Tinkering in my shop at home Last movie you saw: MB Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings CB Eternals Biggest pet peeves: MB Impatient people CB A messy toolbox A phrase that describes you: MB Committed to learning more about everything CB Easygoing and calm Finish these sentences: My rule of thumb is ... MB It’s cheaper to do things right the first time CB Do it properly instead of just good enough When I was a kid, I wanted to be a ...

MB Jet pilot CB Construction worker

Favourite tool in your toolbox: MB Milwaukee headlamp CB Knipex cobra pliers Tool that you wish you had?

CB Cordless coring drill If you were granted one wish: MB To go back in time and spend more time with my children as they grew up CB The health and mobility of a 20-year-old M e c h a n i c a l

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PLUMBING

By Don Matt

Don Matt is director of sales with Canature WaterGroup.

WATER TREATMENT 101

UNDERSTANDING WHAT’S IN TAP WATER

P

lumbers are trusted advisors when it comes to water treatment. Many of the problems you’ve been called to fix may have started with the water, even on municipal water supplies.

Adding water treatment to your business is an opportunity to better serve customers, grow your customer base, and add recurring service and parts revenue to your income.

For the majority of Canadians, enjoying safe drinking water from the tap has been commonplace for 100 years or more. In Ontario, the cities of Hamilton and Toronto introduced public water systems before the 1900s following waves of cholera outbreaks in the mid-1800s.

Today, the purpose of public water treatment continues to be reducing or eliminating the spread of waterborne illnesses through disinfection.

Adding water treatment to your services is an opportunity to grow your business.

Who sets the limits?

Canada’s approach to safe drinking water is shared among the municipal, provincial, territorial and federal governments. The provinces and territories govern their own water resources and develop safe drinking water regulations.

The federal government is responsible for drinking water on First Nations lands; the Safe Drinking Water for First Nations Act came into effect in 2013. Municipal governments across Canada are responsible for delivering potable water to their constituents that meets the applicable regulations.

The Government of Canada also works with the provinces and territories to develop The Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality. These guidelines set the acceptable limits for microbiological (bacteria, protozoa, and viruses), chemical, physical and radiological contaminants in drinking water.

Chemicals with proven health considerations such as arsenic, barium, cyanide, lead and manganese all have maximum acceptable concentrations (MAC) for safe drinking water. In 2018, MACs for perfluoro octane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were added to Canada’s guidelines because they have been recognized as health concerns in drinking water. PFOA and PFOS are industrial chemicals commonly used as protective coatings on pans and other consumer products.

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What’s in tap water?

While access to municipal water is nearly universal in Canada’s metropolitan areas (95 per cent of households according to the 2007 Households and the Environment Survey), what most Canadians don’t understand is that even clear water from the tap isn’t always optimal for their health or their home.

Chlorine and chloramines are commonly used by municipalities as water disinfectants and unless removed by a treatment system in the home, remain in the water. Chlorine is used as a primary disinfectant to kill bacteria, viruses and harmful organisms in water.

Monochloramine, the type of chloramine used for water treatment, is used as a secondary disinfectant because it provides longer-lasting disinfection as water moves through pipes to consumers. While chlorine is a widelyrecognized disinfecting agent, most consumers know very little about chloramines.

According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), chloramines are most commonly formed when ammonia is added to chlorine to treat

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PLUMBING Cont’d from pg. 56

Tests determine treatment

drinking water. The United States, Australia, and the World Health Organization have all set limits for chloramines in drinking water, even though current studies have indicated that small amounts of chloramines in water does not have adverse health effects. Based on these studies, Health Canada in partnership with provinces, territories and other federal departments, has determined that a MAC for chloramines is not necessary.

Chlorine and chloramines remain in tap water unless removed by a treatment system in the home.

In addition to disinfectant chemicals added at municipal water treatment plants, tap water can be contaminated on the way to the home. Lead from lead pipes can leach into water as it travels and legionella can grow in biofilm that forms inside pipes. Tap water also contains naturally occurring minerals such as calcium and magnesium (which make hard water). Hard water minerals aren’t removed during the municipal treatment process but have harmful effects in the home, including: clogging pipes and plumbing fixtures, limiting the life of water using appliances, and causing build-up on your hair and skin.

While water composition varies from community to community, and even neighbourhood to neighbourhood, chlorine, chloramines and hard water minerals are prevalent in municipal water supplies across Canada.

The first step to giving customers water that is free from harmful minerals and contaminants, is understanding what’s in the water. Water testing can be approached in three ways:

1

Provincial or private lab testing: usually at a cost to the homeowner and required for water that may contain bacteria, arsenic, lead and other heavy metals. This requires a water sample to be sent to the lab.

2

Water conditioning equipment manufacturers: usually free, tests for hardness, iron, manganese, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), hydrogen sulfide and tannins. Requires a water sample be sent to the company.

ACO Drain Modular commercial trench drainage

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The drain modules are easy to install and offer years of trouble-free service due to the unique self-cleaning design.

Well-designed drainage systems can extend facility service life allowing the owner to focus on the business, and not the building.

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Selecting equipment When it comes to selecting equipment, remember that you’re not alone. Your local plumbing wholesaler will work with their water conditioning equipment supplier to recommend the system or systems needed for each application. Depending on the application, your customer may have more than one option to choose from. Softeners and reverse osmosis systems offer different efficiency, technology and features, giving homeowners the opportunity to choose which works best for them.

Even after selecting and installing equipment based on water test results, it’s important to remember that water testing is a snapshot in time and should be done every six months to a year. This is particularly important for private well customers. Environmental factors, such as the rise and fall of the local water table, have impacts on the composition of the source water.

If you’ve been hesitant to introduce water treatment to your business, it’s time to take another look. In an upcoming issue, we’ll take a closer look at hard water and how to help customers choose the right softener.

3

On-site testing: performed in the home by a trained plumber or water technician. Testing kits vary in complexity and are available through plumbing wholesalers.

The right in-home water conditioning system can be selected based on the results of the water test. The most common in-home water treatment systems for municipal water applications include softeners, whole home carbon filters (to remove chlorine and chloramines) and reverse osmosis systems. Common private well solutions include iron filters, softeners and reverse osmosis systems for drinking water.

Regular water testing is particularly important for private well customers.

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Reverse Osmosis (RO) is a water treatment process that removes contaminants from water by using pressure to force water molecules through a semipermeable membrane.

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Hydronic textbook The fourth edition of John Siegenthaler’s Modern Hydronic Heating for Residential and Light Commercial Buildings is now available. The 130-page textbook on hydronic system design and installation includes updated information on air-to-water heat pump systems, biomass boilers, new piping materials, distribution efficiency, water quality, separator technology, low temperature systems, domestic water heating, buffer tanks, variable speed circulators, heat exchangers, and heat metering. It also includes a chapter on hydronic cooling for hydronic heat pump systems and is available from major book sellers. www.

hydronicpros.com

Shim kit and cover tekmar introduces two new accessories designed to work with tekmar snow/ice sensors 090/094: the leveling shim kit 096 and spare socket cover plate 097. The shim kit prevents water standing on snow and ice sensors by making them flush with the surface, and the cover plate provides a spare socket location for sensor installations or expansion of the snow melting system.

www. tekmarcontrols.com

Smart circulator Bell & Gossett has launched its newest generation variable speed ECM smart circulator, the ecocirc 20-18/ecocirc+ 20-18 for hydronic heating and cooling water systems, and potable water systems. The unit comes with Bluetooth technology for remote access control through wireless connectivity to a smartphone, 20 ft. of head or 18 GPM, 70W of power, nine operational modes, and automatic air purge. It is suitable for most residential systems, including domestic hot water systems, systems with thermostatic radiator valves, underfloor heating systems, and thermal solar systems. www.

bellgossett.com

Digital Alert

Mobile app

The Navien Products & Service mobile app allows users to track the installation, maintenance and service of Navien units, as well as look for information such as rebates or other products. Available for Apple and Android devices, the app also lets technicians log installation and service information, talk live with technical support, take jobsite photos, access training, and more.

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Fred Bretzke is a full-time pipe trades instructor with SAIT Polytechnic in Calgary. He can be reached at fred.bretzke@sait.ca.

PLUMBING

By Fred Bretzke

LESS IS MORE WHEN IT COMES TO RESIDENTIAL VENTING S

ince I started to teach, I have tried to keep up with the trade by doing the occasional rough-in.

Last year I believed that I’d finally done my last one, as my body is getting too old for that stuff. I always tell apprentice students they are like professional athletes − they are at their physical best when they are young. If you don’t want to get traded or cut (fired) you need to be able to rough-in efficiently, safely, and to the code.

Most guys are not still roughing in houses or commercial buildings after they are 50 years old. Usually, it’s your back or knees that go out, and if you are lucky, you become a foreman, owner, teacher, inspector, and so on. If that is the case it’s imperative you know your code.

Residential wet venting and circuit venting are just like anything else, the more you do it the better you get.

Mixed reality circuit venting.

A word from the wise: It is a good idea to wear gloves when using ABS glue or otherwise you end up looking like a rookie.

PRACTICE MAKES PERFECT Wet venting is found in clauses 2.5.2.1. and table 2.5.8.1. of the 2015 Canadian National Plumbing Code.* There are around 11 codes on wet venting, which I will explain in simpler terms.

2.5.2.1. 1) a soil or waste pipe is permitted to serve as a wet vent provided a) you base your fixture unit load by table 2.5.8.1. b) you can wet vent up to two toilets as long as they are the last connection in the wet vent c) if two toilets are installed in a vertical wet vent, they are connected with a double sanitary tee wye or in a horizontal wet vent with a double wye.

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d) toilets are always installed downstream of all other fixtures, meaning their connections are the last discharging into branch or stack. e) all trap arms and or fixture drains that connect to the wet vent are no larger than 2 in., except for a 3-in. emergency floor drain. f) the total fixture unit load does not exceed the table 2.5.8.1., if you have a separately vented fixture discharging into a wet vent, it cannot exceed two fixture units. g) a separately vented fixtures hydraulic load that drains into a wet vent are not included in the wet vents continuous vent as it has its own separate vent. h) when multi-storey wet venting, the total load of each storey above the first storey does not exceed four fixture units i) you can’t have more than one horizontal offset in a multistorey wet vent. 2 in. or less wet vented offsets cannot exceed 1.2 m. 3 in. or larger wet vented offsets cannot exceed 2.5 m. j) wet vents are the same size throughout except when a 3-in. emergency wet vent joins into it, then only the upstream part remains the same. k) the wet vent length is unlimited.

This is a guideline to remember when residential wet venting: a three-piece basement bathroom will typically only have a 2-in. wet vent, as there are usually less than three fixture units dumping into the wet vent. The toilet is always the last connection on the wet vent. Two toilets have to be symmetrically tied in (double tee wye on vertical or double wye on horizontal, whether it’s a horizontal or vertical wet vent).

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PLUMBING

Cont’d from pg. 62

RULES FOR RESIDENTIAL CIRCUIT VENTING

2.5.3.1 1) C No soil or waste stack is connected upstream of a circuit vented fixture

Where is the best place for this plumber to install the upstairs bathroom

This leads me to the next scenario, which is when the homeowner doesn’t just have typical three-piece bathrooms.

Many houses have at least two and a half bathrooms. One two-piece guest bathroom on the main floor, one three-piece main bathroom on the upper floor, and many times a four- or five-piece ensuite bathroom.

Bigger houses sometimes have Typically, residential circuit venting is harder than commercial circuit venting as the fixtures in five bathrooms with at least a house are laid out all over the place. two bathrooms that have four or five plumbing fixtures in each of them making it essential to 6) Additional circuit vents shall be required if you have more than know residential circuit venting. a 45-degree horizontal change of direction in the circuit vented branch, or if you have more than eight fixtures between the circuit It’s also important to realize that the joists have to run parallel to vent and relief vent. the circuit vented branch, which is typically a 3-in. CVB to allow the best install. Circuit venting is found in 2.5.3.1. and Table 7) The wet portion of an additional circuit vent will always end up 2.5.8.3. of NPC 2015. Clause 2.5.4.5. c is also important when being 2 in. in size circuit venting.

8) Circuit vents and additional circuit vents must conform to Typically, residential circuit venting is harder than commercial (Fixtures Draining Into Vents 2.5.4.5.C) circuit venting as the fixtures in a house are laid out all over the place. Commercial circuit venting is easier because it was typically 9) A circuit vented branch including the fixture drain downstream designed for a group of toilets all in a row. However residential of the circuit vent must be sized in accordance to the branch table circuit venting becomes easier if you pretend it’s like running 2.4.10.6.b) and this is not less than the short cut rule fixtures all in a row. a) 2-in. CVB where the traps are 1 ½ in. and 1 ¼ in. b) 3-in. CVB where the traps are 2 in. or larger There are also 11 rules in circuit venting, which is basically glorified wet venting. Two major differences are that the toilets do not have 10) ACVs shall be sized in accordance to the individual vent table to be the last connection, and you cannot multi-storey circuit vent.

2.5.7.1 and accordance to clause 2.5.7.3. 1) The dry portion of the ACV is sized one size smaller than the dry portion of the circuit 1) A part of a horizontal branch can be circuit vented, as long as vent, and need not be no larger than 2 in. a) there is a circuit vent attached to its most upstream fixture b) the circuit vent is only on one storey 11) The fixture unit load counted on the CVB shall include all c) no soil or waste stack is connected upstream of it fixtures dumping into the branch served by the circuit vent and not include any fixture units dumping into the relief vent or acting 2) 1 ¼-in. and 1 ½-in. fixtures shall be separately vented or relief vent as they are downstream of the Circuit Vented Branch. separately circuit vented from 2-in. and 3-in. fixtures The cool thing about residential circuit venting is that you can use 3) A relief vent is always required and should be installed less vents for more fixtures and you can get quite code creative. downstream of the most downstream circuit vented fixture in the After all, the person with the least vents wins. circuit vented branch *Author’s note: The 2020 code is out but is not required to be implemented until schools and Red Seal exams have been 4) You can dump up to six fixture units into an acting relief vent. updated. We don’t expect to be teaching it until September 2022 or January 2023.

5) A combined symmetrically connected relief vent can be used for two circuit vented branches as long as you do not exceed eight fixtures between the circuit vents and the combined relief vent.

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2022-05-09 2:39 PM

PLUMBING

Products

Scale preventers Navien’s new models of scale prevention solutions, PeakFlow A (advanced) and PeakFlow C (commercial) are pointof-entry and commercial grade scale preventers that are chemical free and environmentally friendly. Both can be installed at the cold water line leading into a water heater system to prevent scale build-up for flow rates up to 10 GPM (PeakFlow A) or 20 GPM (PeakFlow C), and complement all Navien tankless water heaters and combi-boilers.

www. navieninc.com

Leak detection The Gen-Ear LE from General Pipe Cleaners offers a cost-effective solution for locating water leaks, including problems in commercial water lines. The compact amplifier provides noise-free amplification with built-in, pre-set audio filters, while high-performance headphones with noise cancellation block any ambient noise. The unit can be powered for 20 hours or more by two AA batteries, and automatically shuts down when headphones are removed.

www. drainbrain.com

Insulation protection shield Anvil Lok Shield insulation shields from ASC-Engineered Solutions attach to pipe hangers without needing tack welding or pre-fabrication, and include bent tabs to hold the shield in place during installation.

The 18-gauge galvanized steel shields can be used with five-in. diameter or smaller clevis hangers, and are available in eight sizes from X1A to 7A.

www. asc-es.com

Digital Alert

Ball valves Nibco’s line of high-performance ball valves now include 2 ½-, three- and four-in. sizes of the 585HP-LF and 585HP-66-LF bronze ball valves in solder, threaded and press end connections. Designed for commercial and industrial applications, the lead-free and corrosion-resistant 585HP full port ball valve line is adjustable. The patented laser-welded construction eliminates the threaded body-to-body end connection allowing for an operating pressure of up to 1,000 CWP, and operating temperature of up to 250°F.

Valve lineup Viega expands its valve lineup with a line of MegaPress G valves in ½- to two-in. sizes. The valves are approved for use in gas and fuel oil applications, and are suitable for use with ASTM Schedule 5 to Schedule 40 carbon steel pipe. All Viega valves are equipped with Smart Connect technology.

www. nibco.com

www. viega.ca

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Sink configurator

PLUMBING

Products

Contractor kit

ld The online Sloan sink configurator helps designers explore sink customization for commercial restrooms in a virtual environment.

Users can design their sink configuration in real time to decide floor, wall, sink, mounting, faucet, and soap dispenser options, and then download information including the sink rendering, pricing, rough-in and line drawings, and installation instructions.

New TrueBlue contractor kits and accessories from Oatey Canada build on the existing TrueBlue bath waste and overflow lineup of products, and feature a low-profile dome stopper, sanitary tee, and angle adapter to accommodate a greater tub wall slope. The units are available in ABS and include half kits, rough-in kits and trim kits in chrome, brushed nickel and matte black.

www. oatey.ca

Tub conversion Tub-to-shower conversion kits from QuickDrain allow contractors to adapt to commercial jobsite irregularities such as unexpected plumbing configurations and structural constraints when converting bathtubs into showers for hospitality, healthcare and institutional applications. Select from several linear drain bodies and multiple waste-outlet orientations together with presloped pan kits to achieve near-universal adaptability. The kits accommodate finished shower dimensions between 32 and 72 in.

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2022 PICKUP TRUCK ROUNDUP

B y Ho ward J . Elmer

It’s an electronic new world The strange thing about the truck world in 2022 is that we have a slew of new trucks with ground breaking electronic technology in them and we can’t seem to get enough of them built to satisfy demand.

W

e all know what’s been going on during the pandemic − plant shutdowns, limited parts supply and a worldwide microprocessor shortage. For buyers, these market factors have led to some of the longest waits for new trucks in recent history. This shortage also means dealers are selling what they do have at a premium.

The used truck market is no better with its high prices and low volume.

A little-known fact that aggravates the problem is many, many thousands of used trucks from Canada are being shipped to the U.S. further depleting our supply.

2022 FORD F-150 LIGHTNING This year the all-electric Lightning is a reality. This powerhouse delivers 563 hp and 775 lb.-ft. of torque pushed through dual in-board electric motors. Built on a standard F-150 frame and body (all normal F-150 specs apply), it has a max 2,000 lb. payload and up to 10,000 lb. of towing. It will come standard with 4WD. A unique feature is Ford Intelligent Backup Power, which can turn the truck into a power source for your home. With the ability to offload 9.6 kW of power it can serve an average home for three days in the event of a blackout. The standard-range battery claims 370 km of range and an available extended-range battery is targeting 483 km of range.

You’ll see them on the road this summer.

Ford’s F-150 Lightning’s all-electric powertrain requires no gas and offers potentially lower scheduled maintenance costs.

Doom and gloom aside, 2022 is the year of the new Toyota Tundra, Ford Maverick, Nissan Frontier and Hyundai Santa Cruz. As for electric, the first to the plate is the Ford Lightning, which is now available and will start delivering this summer.

With the available interior work surface, the F-150 Lightning interior is also an on-the-road office.

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continued from page 48

r 2022 FORD SUPER DUTY F-250 TO F-450 2022 is a carryover year for Super Duty. The 7.3L gas engine, along with the 6.2L V8 and the upgraded 6.7L Power Stroke diesel are now matched to a new 10-speed TorqShift automatic transmission.

Wheelbases:

142 in., 148 in., 164 in., 156 in.,

Super Duty offers three engine choices.

159 in., 176 in.

Cab Styles: Engine Size:

Regular, SuperCab, SuperCrew 6.2L V8, 7.3L V8, 6.7L turbo-diesel

Power (hp/torque):

385/430, 430/475, 475/1,050

Max. Payload: Max. Towing Capacity:

7,850 lb.

37,000 (F-450)-(5th wheel)

Box Sizes:

6 ft. 8 in., 8 ft.

2022 FORD F-150 The F-150 boasts several versions, among them a fully hybrid-powered truck based on the 3.5L EcoBoost – called the PowerBoost. It has 12,000 lb. of towing capacity and a further claim of approximately 1,100 km. on Some of the highlights of the F-150’s updates are: new a single tank of gas. The look nose with new grille designs and a next-level look to the of the F-150 was updated in C-clamp headlights.

2020, as was the interior with new materials, colour choices and more storage. The new hybrid engine has also spawned another advancement called Pro Power Onboard − a generator that is part of the drivetrain.

Wheelbases: 122 in., 141 in., 145 in., 157 in., 163in.

Cab Styles:

Regular, SuperCab, SuperCrew

Engine Size:

3.5 L (PowerBoost hybrid) 3.3L V6, 3.5L V6 (EcoBoost), 2.7L V6 (EcoBoost), 5.0L V8, H.O. 3.5L V6 (EcoBoost)

Max. Payload:

3,270 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity: Box Sizes:

13,200 lb.

5 ft. 5 in., 6 ft. 5 in., 8 ft

2022 FORD MAVERICK

2022 FORD RANGER

The biggest news for 2022 is the all-new Ford Maverick. This compact has re-introduced a segment that has been gone for almost 30 years. Ford also resurrected a model name from the 1970s. Maverick is offered in three trim levels: XL, XLT and Lariat.

An FX4 package will also be available with the AWD XLT and Lariat trucks. This package will offer more off-road capability; all-terrain tires; suspension tuning and additional underbody protection. There is also an electronic AWD drive mode dial with modes such as Mud/Rut and Sand, as well as Hill Descent Control.

Maverick will come as a five-passenger, four-door pickup only. It does have two powertrains. Interestingly the base model offers the full-hybrid powertrain. It has a projected fuel number of 5.9 L/100 km/city or about 800 kms on a single tank of gas.

2022 is a carry over year for Ranger and the last for this current generation. There have already been glimpses of the 2023 Ranger, which once again is coming from offshore as a “world truck.”

What’s interesting is that Ford says the Ranger will also be offered in a Raptor version. Currently Ranger comes as either SuperCab or SuperCrew. It has one powertrain option. A 2.3L EcoBoost engine mated to a 10-speed transmission.

Wheelbases: Wheelbases:

121.1 in.

Cab Styles: Engine Size:

SuperCrew only 2.5L I-4 (Hybrid), 2.0L EcoBoost

Power (hp/torque):

The new Ford Maverick compact pickup is partly based on the current Escape

191/155, 250/277

Max. Payload:

1,500 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity:

4,000 lb.

Box Sizes:

126.8 in.

Cab Styles:

SuperCrew SuperCab

Engine Size:

2.3L I-4 (EcoBoost)

Power (hp/torque):

270/310

Max. Payload:

1,860 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity:

7,500 lb.

Box Sizes:

4 ft. 6 in. only

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2022 PICKUP TRUCK ROUNDUP

Cont’d from pg. 69

2022 RAM HD 2500 AND 3500 For 2022 the HD Ram is a carryover. The Cummins 6.7L turbo-diesel is offered in two power ranges; the top being 400 hp and 1,075 lb-ft. of torque.

Ram continues to focus on making the truck more comfortable and offering special edition packages.

The Ram has a décor that includes real wood, real leather and 12-in. Uconnect touchscreen. Currently Ram offers a digital rear-view mirror; blind-spot monitoring, including easy-to-use trailer coverage; trailer tire pressure monitoring; auxiliary camera system supporting up to two different cameras; and a 189-L fuel tank optional on Crew Cab with 8-ft. bed.

Wheelbases:

141 in., 150 in., 170 in., Regular, Crew Cab, Mega Cab

Cab Styles: Engine Size:

5.7L V8 Hemi, 6.7L turbo-diesel, 6.4L V8 Hemi

Power (hp/torque):

383/400, 400/1,075, 410/429

Max. Payload:

7,680 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity:

Wheelbases: Cab Styles:

6 ft. 4 in., 8 ft.

Regular, Quad Cab, Crew Cab

Engine Size: 5.7L V8 Hemi, 3.6L V6, 3.0L EcoDiesel Power (hp/torque):

395/410, 305/269, 260/480

Max. Payload: Max. Towing Capacity:

2,300 lb.

(3L EcoDiesel): 12,560 lb.;

(3.6L V6): 7,450 lb.; (5.7L V8): 12,750 lb.

37,100 lb. (gooseneck)

Box Sizes:

120.5 in., 141 in., 150 in., 170 in.

Box Sizes:

6 ft. 4 in., 5 ft. 7 in., 8 ft.

Ram Classic is still being built four years after it was supposed to be retired.

2022 NISSAN FRONTIER This mid-sizer was last updated in 2005. Given the length of time since the last update industry watchers and fans alike expect a lot from this 2022 model.

Here is what Nissan has Last updated in 2005, a lot of effort has put into it. A new 3.8L gone into the design of the new Nissan Frontier. direct injection V6 makes 310 hp and 281 lb.-ft. of torque. The transmission is a nine-speed automatic. Also, Wheelbases: 126 in., 139.8 in., the 4WD package comes with Cab Styles: King Cab, Crew Cab a High/Low transfer case and Engine Size: 3.8L V6 will offer specific off-road

310/281 (hp/torque): Power packages. The first impression is one of a powerful front-end Max. Payload: 1,400 lb. featuring a massive grille and Max. Towing Capacity: 6,490 lb. chiseled hood. It’s framed by Box Sizes: 5 ft. or 6 ft. new interlocking headlights with a sweep back design.

The truck shows off a wide, elevated stance with vertical fenders that evoke durability and strength. There is one unique Canadian model. The Frontier King Cab PRO-4X with a six-foot bed. This combination is sold only in Canada.

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2022 RAM 1500 2022 is a carryover year for Ram 1500. However, they work to keep the brand momentum going with new special packages again this year. Also, for 2022 Ram Classic is still being built four years after it was supposed to be retired. Last year saw the arrival of the Ram TRX. This special desert racer features a 700 hp engine and unmatched suspension travel.

The 3.0L EcoDiesel is back and is added to the V8 Hemi and V6 Pentastar engines for a stable of three.

Payload is 2,300 lb. and the top tow rating is now 12,700 lb.

2022 is the last year for this generation of the Toyota Tacoma.

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Wheelbases:

127 in., 146 in.

Cab Styles:

Regular, Double Cab, CrewMax

Engine Size:

i-Force 3.5L V6 TT; i-Force Max 3.5L V6 TT

Power (hp/torque):

389/479, 437/583

Max. Payload:

1,710 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity: The sheet metal has been reworked on the 2022 Toyota Tundra, as has the grille.

Box Sizes:

12,000 lb.

5 ft., 6 ft. 5 in., 8 ft.

2022 TOYOTA TUNDRA 2022 sees a new generation of Tundra.

The single biggest change is the death of the 5.7L V8 and the introduction of the V6 twin-turbo engine. This is supposed to solve the fuel consumption issue of the V8. The new truck is now up to date on infotainment systems but not ahead of the others. One thing the new Tundra is focused on is being a very good towing machine. Check out the new technologies that have been added: Tow/Haul mode now has two settings to respond to lighter or heavier trailers; new cameras display multiple exterior angles, including PVM (Panoramic View Monitor) a top-down view of the truck displayed on the 14-in. monitor; new power extending and folding tow mirrors; a blind spot monitor includes the length of the trailer; rearward facing LED lights (on the mirrors) illuminate the trailer (using an inside button); and new rear air suspension available to auto-level any load. A new trailer back guidance system will back up a trailer (hands-free) in a straight line, while a new fully-boxed, splayed frame is designed to better handle payload and towing. Option packages will remain basically the same. A total of 17 trim configurations are now offered.

2022 TOYOTA TACOMA

Wheelbases:

This is the second carry-over year of the current Silverado HD. The key updates to these HDs were powertrain and driver-assist electronics. Towing capability increased 52 per cent to 36,000 lb. and GM’s camera system now has 15 around-truck views. They even offer a “see-through” trailer camera view.

GM offers two powertrains: an all-new 6.6L gasoline engine with direct injection mated to a six-speed transmission, and an updated 6.6L Duramax V8 turbo-diesel and all-new Allison 10-speed transmission. The all-new interiors were adopted from the 2019 1500-series trucks.

Wheelbases: The multi-flex tailgate (available on the 1500s) is coming to the HD trucks late this year.

133 in., 144 in., 154 in., 167 in.

Regular, Double Cab, Crew Cab

Cab Styles: Engine Size:

6.6L V8, 6.6L turbo-diesel

Power (hp/torque):

2022 CHEVY SILVERADO 1500

401/464, 445/910

Max. Payload:

7,374 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity:

2019 was the last generational update of the Silverado (and GMC Sierra). However, a growing dislike of the trucks’ interiors has led to a mid-gen update this year and they are considerably better. The Silverado offers eight trim levels and six different engine and transmission combinations.

These trim packages not only offer groups of conveniences but they also cover the very necessary work truck (WT) market right up to the opulent High Country. Last year they added some features such as new trailer mirrors, adaptive cruise control and engine choices available across all trim packages.

The new 10-speed transmission is also now available with the 5.3L V8.

36,000 lb.

6 ft. 5 in., 8 ft.

Box Sizes:

Wheelbases:

119 in., 133 in., 158 in.

Cab Styles: Engine Size:

Regular, Double Cab, Crew Cab 4.3L V6, 5.3L V8, 6.2L V8, 2.7L turbo, 3.0L turbo-diesel

Power (hp/torque):

285/305, 355/383, 420/460, 310/348, 277/460

Max. Payload:

2,250 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity: Box Sizes:

13,400 lb.

5 ft. 8 in., 6 ft. 6 in., 8 ft.

127 in.,140 in.,

Cab Styles: Access Cab, Double Cab Right off the top – Tacoma will be updated next year and there Engine Size: 2.7L I-4, 3.5L V6 are no changes. Toyota has 159/180, 278/265 Power (hp/torque): increased the number of available Max. Payload:

1,500 lb.

Tacoma versions (they now offer Max. Towing Capacity: 6,700 lb.

16 models across three body configurations), such as the offBox Sizes: 5 ft., 6 ft. road TRD-Pro. A base SR package was added in 2020. Its main engine is the 3.5L Atkinson cycle V6 with a six-speed manual, or six-speed automatic Super ECT with lockup torque converter. An available fivespeed manual comes with the base 2.7L only.

A mid-gen update this year resulted in a facelift to the Chevy Silverado interiors.

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2022 PICKUP TRUCK ROUNDUP

Cont’d from pg. 71

2022 HONDA RIDGELINE The Ridgeline is new for 2022. It arrived late in 2021.

It features all-new styling from the front roof pillars forward; a new hood with sculpted styling, a Honda Ridgelines’ track is wider by 20 mm. giving The mid-size Chevrolet Colorado offers a new squared off nose it a more planted stance. diesel option. and upright grille.

All new Ridgeline trims, including Wheelbases: 125 in. plastic wheel cladding we haven’t 2022 CANYON AND COLORADO Cab Styles: Crew cab only seen since the Chevy Avalanche, will The twins are being updated next year. So, for 2022 Engine Size: 3.5L V6 feature 18-in. wheels. there isn’t anything really new.

What does not change Even so, the twins continue to 280/262 Power (hp/torque): Wheelbases: 128 in., 140.5 in. is the powertrain. Along sell well and they continue to Max. Payload: 1,600 lb. with a nine-speed push the off-road capability of Cab Styles: Extended Cab, Crew Cab Max. Towing Capacity: 3,500 lb. transmission, it is the the trucks such as the ZR2 off2.5L I-4, 3.6L V6, 2.8L turbo-diesel Engine Size: Box Sizes:

5 ft. 3 in. only option.

The interior road version (featuring front 200/191, 305/269, 181/369 Power (hp/torque): has been updated nicely. and rear electronic locking 1,620 lb.

This truck continues to differentials; DSSVTM damper Max. Payload: appeal to a select group with its car-like features and all-wheel technology, a lifted frame and Max. Towing Capacity: 7,700 lb. (w/diesel) drive. It has a unique fold-down and swinging tailgate, and a 31-in. Goodyear Duratrac off5 ft. 2 in., 6 ft. 2 in.

Box Sizes: large, lockable trunk. road tires).

Turn-key vehicles, ready when you need them.

With 10 locations across Canada, our dedicated team of fleet management professionals can help you find the right trucks and vans for your business needs, wherever and whenever you need them.

Take advantage of our full suite of vehicle management tools and services to help lower your overall vehicle expenses while maintaining a safe and efficient fleet.

www.jimpattisonlease.com

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Tacoma versions.

2022 JEEP GLADIATOR

The 2022 Gladiator rear axle and suspension setup borrows heavily from the Ram 1500.

The 2022 Gladiator is selling very well.

It’s available with the 3.6L V6 or the 3.0L EcoDiesel and an eight-speed transmission.

Gladiator offers the same trim packages and off-road capability of the Wrangler, though it does come with a 5-ft. bed. The body-on-frame design offers the same four doors, but on a frame 31 inches longer than the Wrangler. The wheelbase is also 19.4 inches longer.

Wheelbases:

137.3 in.

Cab Styles:

Crew cab

Engine Size:

3.6L V6 3.0L EcoDiesel

Power (hp/torque):

285/260 260/442

Max. Payload:

1,600 lb.

Max. Towing Capacity:

7,650 lb.

Box Sizes:

5 ft.

Santa Cruz accelerates the return of the compact truck market.

2022 HYUNDAI SANTA CRUZ New to this annual list is the Santa Cruz, Hyundai’s first compact truck in North America.

While it compares Wheelbases: 118.3 in. in size Cab Styles: Crew cab only to the new Ford Engine Size: 2.5L I-4 turbo Maverick, 275/310 Power (hp/torque): Hyundai Max. Payload: 750 lb. insists on Max. Towing Capacity: 5,000 lb calling it a Sport Box Sizes: 4 ft. 4 in.

Adventure Vehicle, not a truck. However, it is accelerating the return of the compact truck market. It will tow 5,000 lb., has four doors and a 5-ft. bed (with the tailgate down). Santa Cruz features a secure, open bed area, which includes a lockable, sliding tonneau cover fitted as standard in Canada, hidden bed storage and versatile bed extension accessories.

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Howard J. Elmer is an automotive journalist and the founder of the Canadian Truck King Challenge. Be sure to check out the test drives of these trucks on the Truck King YouTube channel.

We have branches all across Canada.

Get in touch with us today : 1.866.574.5100

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Marketing

with DOUG MACMILLAN

Doug MacMillan is president of The Letter M Marketing in Guelph, ON. To reach him, email doug@letterm.ca.

Competition is heating up:

How to market yourself as a progressive employer W

If you’re not entirely sure how to advertise your innovative approach to progressive employment you’re not alone.

The employment landscape has become a progressive place, but it’s still a new place, so don’t be afraid to test the waters and establish what works for you and your company. Have a strong LinkedIn presence for sure and provide extensive details about your employment policies on your website.

hat do you look for when you consider your purchasing options in any scenario? We will usually consider the purpose the product or service is serving.

When looking for a quick fix or something that’ll simply do the trick, it likely comes down to the price and how low it can go. But for the big things, where the decision can have long-term impact, the price tag may take a back seat to other features such as quality, reputation, reliability, or proven effectiveness.

Yet, when it comes to hiring − arguably the most critical business decision − the buck often stops at the buck − what you’re willing to pay for the service you will receive.

Recruiting skilled technicians, sales reps, and operations staff has long been a challenge in the mechanical sector, and we know that it’s about to get even more difficult. Companies that take a radically different approach to their employer brand will win the day over contractors using same-old hiring methods. After all, employees talk a lot. You want employees telling their peers that your company is, bar none, the best place to work.

In the coming years, employer brands will be as or even more integral to business success as corporate brands.

Do the company’s philosophies put its people first, empowering them to make on-the-spot decisions that will make the customer’s experience as exceptional as possible? Does compensation meet today’s employee needs? Do benefits measure up? When deciding to accept a job offer, 88 per cent of employees said the quality of the health benefits is a key deciding factor and benefits are starting to look a lot different than the standards such as drugs and dental.

As noted earlier, similar to most customer recruitment, word of mouth stands tall as one of the most effective strategies. Practice what you promise, and you can be assured word will get around.

BEYOND THE BASICS Employee benefits are becoming more flexible and holistic. They are shifting to health spending accounts that give employees the power to direct their benefits, comprehensive mental health and financial literacy support programs, and even a personal wellbeing spending account that invites employees to draw on company money to pursue hobbies or leisure activities. Need a new kayak? Interested in guitar lessons? Eyeing a mountain bike?

Charge it to your employee wellbeing account.

A happy employee, proponents argue (and evidence demonstrates) stay longer, commit more, and share an interest in the company’s growth and profitability.

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The brand as an employer of choice reaches beyond the benefits, though. Fifty-five per cent of Canadians say that when looking for a job, it’s important to them that the company participates in charitable and philanthropic initiatives. And, more than two-thirds of employees say they won’t return from COVID to a traditional model, favouring a hybrid that provides work-fromhome flexibility and choice around the hours they work.

Opportunities for employees to have a voice in these programs and policies is also important. Topdown decision making is so 1999.

allow for extended leaves of absence, Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) to provide a sense of security and stability in tough times, and Group RSPs, which are becoming increasingly important as a tool to recruit the best employees, encourage savings and give performance bonuses with tax advantages built in.

Offer flexibility on hours in the field, job-sharing, interest-free loans or bonuses for employees looking to buy their first homes, or child-care assistance. Practice a 360-degree approach to feedback and learn from the input you receive.

Companies are also moving away from rigid grids that put employees in a small box when it comes to their compensation package. What might be your greatest leg up is the ability to tailor a position and its extended compensation to meet employees’ specific needs. What works for one person may not work for someone else, so ditch that one-size-fits-all approach.

This boldly challenges traditional human resources thinking and these days, if we’re not boldly challenging, we’re not leading.

So, what can you do to set the bar a little or, even better, a lot higher? Consider mental health days (or even weeks), policies to

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IN THE

NEXT ISSUE Join us for the July/August issue: A P P L I C A T I O N S

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T E C H N O L O G I E S FEBRUARY 2022

• WET HEAT Hydronic Supplement •

Pre-Heating Season Round-Up

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Commercial Service Vehicles: Vans

2022-01-23 10:41 AM

Inquiries welcome: Sales: Kyle.Badder@mechanicalbusiness.com | 416.735.1375 Editorial: Kerry.Turner@mechanicalbusiness.com | 416.435.1193 M e c h a n i c a l

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STUFF YOU NEED Wireless probe Ritchie Engineering is expanding its YJACK platform of wireless probes with the YJACK MANO wireless dual port manometer. The unit allows technicians to perform complete system diagnostics, including taking static pressure measurements up to +/-80 in.

WC, and measuring pressure drop across a filter or total external static pressure with the included static pressure tips.

With the use of the YJACK VIEW app technicians can also receive and analyze live data to accurately measure duct pressure changes and regulator gas pressure.

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Mini ratchet set Klein Tools’ Slim-Profile Mini Ratchet Set is a five-piece set for use in tight spaces.

The set includes 1/4 and 5/16-in nut drivers, a 1/4-in. adapter, and four drive bits: #1 and #2 Phillips, 3/16, and 1/4in. slotted. The 72-tooth, low-profile gear head only needs five degrees of sweep, allowing users to fasten in spots other drivers won’t fit.

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Work pants for women Helly Hansen Workwear introduces two new work pants for women in its Chelsea Evolution series: the Chelsea Evolution BRZ construction pant and Chelsea Evolution BRZ service pant.

The construction pant features reinforcement on articulated knees, lightweight four-way stretch fabric, zipper and hanging pockets. Also made of lightweight four-way stretch fabric, the service pants include hand pockets, a shaped waistband, broad centre back belt loop, back pockets, gusset in the crotch, plastic covered metal buttons and cargo pockets.

Cordless vacuum

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The DeWalt 20V Max Cordless Dry Hand Vacuum is a jobsite cleaning solution with 46 CFM to pick up dust, small screws and nails. The compact vacuum comes with an extension tube and six cleaning attachment accessories, and features an LED light, HEPA filter and belt hook.

Editor’s note: Want to know more about women’s work wear? Visit mechanicalbusiness.com and search work wear.

Storage system The PACKOUT Modular Storage System from Milwaukee Tool is a versatile storage unit which allows users to customize their storage areas with wall plates, tool racks, tool holders and a cabinet that can connect with all PACKOUT solutions. The wall plate is available in a large, 150-lb. wall mounted capacity and a compact 50-lb. wallmounted capacity.

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HUMAN RESOURCES

B y Sue Sodek Sue Sodek has over 20 years of human resources and consulting experience across a variety of businesses, and currently manages HR for UCEL Inc in Uxbridge, ON. She can be reached at sue.sodek@gmail.com.

You be the judge How changes to labour law impact your business

Establishing boundaries

W

ith all of the draws on your attention these days, it can be impossible to find time to follow the ups and downs of labour disputes. But you should know that your employees are paying attention, and if you don’t want to land yourself in hot water, you need to stay one step ahead.

Before we proceed, please know that this article is meant as a general overview − not legal advice. Canadian labour laws are tricky to navigate – there are differing provincial and federal rules, unique collective bargaining agreements, and business and job status variations which all have an impact on what applies to whom and when. A good rule of thumb should be, if you’re worrying that you need a labour lawyer you probably do. In the meantime, here’s the Cole’s notes on what might impact your business today, and what you need to know to help prepare for the future.

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Coming into play in Ontario, this legislation is the first of its kind in Canada. Following similar laws passed in France and Ireland, Right to Disconnect legislation aims to put some boundaries around “work creep.” The ease with which we now communicate comes with the price of never truly having downtime. When the ability to send a fast text or quick email is literally always at hand, few can resist the temptation to do just that one more thing.

There have even been think pieces published lately declaring “the end of the sick day.” Since work can be done remotely, why ever stop doing it, especially for something as trivial as illness?

This change to Ontario’s Employment Standard’s Act impacts every employer with more than 25 people on their payroll, and requires a written policy (see sample Right to Disconnect Policy) that’s available and communicated to your workforce no later than June 1 of this year. While legislated solely in Ontario at the moment, other provinces are looking into or are in the process of passing similar legislation.

Putting a written policy in place will not only ensure you are in compliance legally but it will send the signal to your employees that you value their time and take their well being seriously.

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Vaccination policies The only thing happening faster than COVID-19 policy changes are the legal challenges those policies produce.

With reopening gaining momentum some employers are thinking it’s time to take the foot off the brakes when it comes to enforcing mandates; others may still wish to include vaccination policies as a continued protection for their workforce.

At this point, what’s right for your workers and your your job ad (“candidates are encouraged to ask for accommodations business is something only you can be the judge of; throughout the hiring process where required”), taking the time to when it comes time for you to put it in writing is where survey your premises to see if there are outstanding accessibility issues the legal concerns come into play. to be addressed, or even considering placing job ads in targeted Creating a policy that keeps everyone safe while publications in order to attract a more diverse candidate pool. simultaneously keeps everyone happy is a very fine line In this tough labour market good employers know they can’t afford to to walk but there is some precedent setting happening, alienate any demographic, let alone contravene the law. and it’s generally in favour of provaccine policies (with a few caveats).

Assuming you have a written, clearly communicated policy which SAMPLE RIGHT TO DISCONNECT POLICY has allowed ample time for people to review and raise any objections ABC Heating and Cooling and you’ve given your employees options (such as, employees must John Manager either get vaccinated or continue ABC Heating and Cooling to mask/rapid test/work from 123 Main Street home), disgruntled employees will Any Town, Any Province generally have no legal leg to stand June 1, 2022 on if they try to challenge your policy in court.

Purposes of this Policy:

Accessibility policies There are a wide variety of laws in place to help protect and expand the rights of those traditionally kept out of the workforce, including those with disabilities.

What many employers fail to take into account is these pieces of legislation apply not only to protect and assist your current employees, but also to your applicants, and the hiring process as a whole.

If you are placing a job ad, conducting interviews or making job offers, ensure that you have taken accessibility into consideration. This can be accomplished through a variety of means, such as including a line in

employees is one of our top priorities.

We at ABC believe that the health and well being of our e to address the use of smartphones, email initiativ s wellnes g followin the ce We are pleased to introdu working hours. regular of outside s nication and other technologies and commu Management Responsibilities: at times require flexibility when it comes ABC understands and appreciates that employees may outside of their traditionally work to prefer may ees to scheduling, and that some employ scheduled hours.

ABC will maintain open lines of (Senior management/supervisors/foreman/managers) at ensure that (employees/staff) are aware of and ees), employ reports/ (direct their with communication this policy. or penalized for failing to respond to work Managers will ensure that no employee is reprimanded (outside of their regularly scheduled shifts) hours) work ed schedul their of (outside s nication commu on holidays or on weekends). Include Friday, to Monday a.m., 7 and p.m.

7 of hours (between the ncy health, weather or scheduling emerge for ons excepti as such here, ce specifics to your workfor communications.

Employee Responsibilities: mechanisms) ABC has in place, including Employees will comply with all (scheduling/work tracking be aware of and not routinely contact to asked are ees Employ y. when travelling or working remotel hours. working regular of outside other ABC employees, managers or clients without notice at the discretion of ABC This policy is subject to annual review and may change Management.

Please sign below in acknowledgement: Employee Name Employee Signature Dated

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BTN

Compiled by Mechanical Business

BY THE NUMBERS

SHOW ME THE MONEY $60,450

INDOOR AIR QUALITY

Median annual wage of a Canadian journeyperson one year after certification.

Statistics Canada says wages vary according to location, with a high of $83,700 in the territories, and a low of $45,790 in Prince Edward Island.

90

$66,890

Percentage of time on average that people spend indoors.

2 to 5x

1 in 8 Number of homeowners who believe they have health issues from poor indoor air quality, according to a Panasonic survey.

CONSUMER FINANCES POST-COVID 68 Percentage of Canadians who say they are now choosing local businesses when they shop.

18 Percentage of Canadians who say they expect their financial situation to be better than it was a year ago in a survey by Chase Merchant Services. Fifty-nine per cent expect it to stay the same, and 23 per cent expect it to be worse.

8 Percentage of Canadians who expect their income to increase in 2022. Sixtyper cent say they expect their income to remain stable, while 22 per cent say it will decrease, and nine per cent are unsure.

$17 BILLION

MB_BTN 06.22v1.indd 1

$87,070 Median annual wage of a refrigeration mechanic one year after certification.

Amount of additional pollution indoor air contains compared to outdoor air.

82

Median annual wage of plumber journeymen one year after certification.

HAND HYGIENE 25 Percentage that daily handwashing frequency has decreased in the past year, according to the annual Healthy Handwashing Survey by Bradley Corporation.

7.8

Credit health.gov.au

Number of times the average person washes their hands each day, compared to 10.5 times in 2021.

41 Percentage of people who say they are very concerned about contracting COVID. That compares to 53 per cent a year ago.

SCREAMING FOR ICE CREAM 15.4 billion Estimated litres of ice cream consumed around the world annually, according to Statista.

29 Percentage of the world who say vanilla is their favourite ice cream flavour, the most popular flavour worldwide. Top flavours in Canada are chocolate, vanilla, mint, butterscotch, strawberry and pistachio.

24 Weight in tons of the largest ice cream sundae ever made. It was created in Edmonton, AB in 1988.

Size of the Canadian plumbing market in 2022, based on a report by Canplas Plumbing.

The market is projected to grow 3.7 per cent this year.

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