Monitoring of land use information systems research

Remote Sensing Science December 2014, Volume 2, Issue 4, PP.22-27

Monitoring of Land Use Information Systems Research Xinhui Xu 1a, Yanhong Xu 1b#, Xiaoqing Zhao 1c#, Xingyu Zhou 2d 1. School of Resource Environment and Earth Science, Yunnan University, Kunming city, Yunnan province, 650091, China 2. Wuhan University, Wuhan city, Hubei province, 430079, China 3. Jilin Normal University, Siping city, Jilin province, 136000, China #

Email: a email: xuxh@ynu.edu.cn, b email: xu_yh0707@126.com, c email: xqzhao@ynu.edu.cn, d email:745729789@qq.com

Abstract Nowadays, with the continuous development of informatization, the use of components GIS has become a mainstream on software exploitation and application of geographic information system. By using components GIS technology, we can analyze and design the system of the object, and also can expound the architecture, the exploitation environment, and the technical process of the system and can realize the functions of the system, therefore, it can provide a scientific information management platform for the land administration department. In this study, take Simao district of Pu’er city as an example, the latest investigation data of the land use status, the topographic maps and the rivers are chosen as the source data of this program. Under the support of GIS technology, we have a specific implementation of the Spatio-temporal data of the land use. The results of this research show that information system of land use based on GIS technology can provide an advanced system for decision-making to the land administration department.

Keywords: GIS; Design; Implementation

INTRODUCTION Land use is a sensitive factor of the ecological system, it is a whole set of biological and technical activities for long-term or cyclical operations of land for economic and social purpose of human being. Associated with the process of rapid social and economic development, a significant amount of natural lands, such as forests and wetlands, has been developed into agricultural lands and human settlements [1]. And such rapid changes of land use and land cover have profound influences on human and natural environments. In particular, it impacts land and air resources, biodiversity, water quality, radiation budgets, carbon cycling, and so on [2-3]. Take growth and intensification of agriculture as an example, these human activities have caused deforestation, soil erosion, watershed degradation, and reduced biodiversity and agrochemical pollution [4]. In addition to the changes related to agricultural land uses, accelerated urbanization leads to an increase in impervious surface area, which boosts the transportation and accumulation of non-point pollutants via surface runoff [5].

Timely, accurately and rapidly grasping the dynamic change information is essential for promoting rational utilization, planning and scientific management of land resource [6]. Therefore, the research of land-use change of the present stage has gradually become a frontier and hot issue of the global environmental change research [7-8]. In this study, we use the GIS technology to have an analysis of the related information of land use of Pu’er City in Yunnan province under the background of geographic space, so we can have a good understanding of the land use in Pu’er City of Yunnan province.

1 THE GENERAL SITUATION OF THE RESEARCH AREA Pu’er city, with the total area of 45,000 square kilometers, is located in southern/southwestern Yunnan, on the lower reaches of the Mekong (known in Chinese as the Lancang), with the bordering prefectures being Yuxi to the - 22 http://www.ivypub.org/RSS

northeast, Honghe to the east, Xishuangbanna to the south, Lincang to the northwest, and Dali and Chuxiong. It also shares borders with Vietnam, Laos, and Burma, being the only prefecture in Yunnan to border all three countries. As with much of the province, mountainous terrain dominates its administrative area, covering 98.3%. Elevations range from 376 to 3,306 meters. Located at an altitude of above 1,300 mand within a degree south of the Tropic of Cancer, Pu'er has a warm humid subtropical climate, with muddled distinction between the seasons and daytime temperatures remaining warm year-round. Highs peak in April and May before the core of the rainy season and reach a minimum in December; however, the warmest and coolest months are June and January, respectively at 22.3 °C and 12.5 °C; the annual mean is 18.33 °C. June thru September accounts for nearly 70% of the annual rainfall of 1,500 mm (59 in) and during this time, some rainfall occurs on most days, pushing relative humidity above 80% and there is a marked reduction in sunshine. There are 2,038 hours of bright sunshine annually.

There are 1 district and 9 counties under its jurisdiction (Fig.1), such as Simao district, NingEr county, MoJiang county, JingDong county, ZhenYuan county, Jiangcheng county, MengLian county, LanCang county, XiMeng county, and JingGu county. Pu’er is a country with amount of mountains, the area of which is 98.3% of the total area; its total population is 2.573 million, and among them, the population of peasants is 2.25 million which accounts for 89% of the total population. Pu’er is inhabited by 36 distinct ethnic minorities, and 14 of them are aborigines, they are mainly hani, yi, dai, lahu,wa, blang, yao nationality, and so on. The total minority population in the region numbers well over 1.52 million. Pu’er city has ever been an important post of "tea-horse road". Because of the influence of the subtropical monsoon climate, most parts this area are covered with no frost all the year round, so it becomes one of the important producing area of the famous pu’er tea, and it is also one of the largest tea-producing area of China.

FIG.1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF PU’ER CITY

2 SYSTEM DESIGNS 2.1 Structure Design of the System With the development of computer science and geographic information system (GIS) technology, the components GIS has become as the focus of current research. Components GIS (ComGIS) is the technology which an objectoriented technology and components software technology are used in software development of GIS. ComGIS does not dependent on any programming language, but embedded in a common exploitation environment to exploit the GIS application system.

MapObjects (MO), is a set of components which is composed of embeddable mapping and geographic information system. It includes an OLE control (OCX), and can provide 40 OLE objects. The components can be invoked in Windows exploitation environments by inserted into Visual Basic, Visual C++ and others which support industry-standard. The map interface which is suitable for users can be set up through MO in small memory space, it also can be applicable to the industry standard programming environment and it is specifically designed for program developers.

- 23 http://www.ivypub.org/RSS

Arc / Info COVERAGE, ESRI Shape and other formats is supported by it, meanwhile more than 20 kinds of raster image formats and DXF, DWG formats of AutoCAD are also supported by it, moreover, it is accessible to external databases via ODBC standard. MO components have many functions such as zooming in, zooming out, roaming the layer, selecting objects via SQL description, updating and querying the properties of the selected map elements, drawing thematic maps, generating and drawing graphic elements, picking up objects through lines, boxes, regional , polygons and round, projecting data onto different coordinates and so on. These functions can help a lot on analyzing landscape pattern of land use.

By using Visual Basic 6.0 as a platform, and combining with the MO components, the secondary development can be realized, and can initially realize the establishment of the system. By fully making use of the advantages of the VB6.0 and MO components, we can not only make the system easier, but also make the system more practical.

2.2 System Function Module Design The information systems of land use can manage, updating, analysis, query, and output the land use data. According to the requirement analysis of the system, the interface design of the system can adapt to the demand of management users and non-management users. If the system works well, management users and non-management users can operate within the scope of authority through a specific interface. The system can be divided into six subsystems in the design of system functional module, such as the data management subsystem, the map browsing subsystem, the map query subsystem, the layer management subsystem, the polygons area measurement and the space measurement subsystem, and the data output subsystem.

2.3 User Interfaces Design Interface design of the system is based on the user-oriented principles, and the intuitive and operability of the interface are emphasized. According to the requirement analysis of the system, system login screen can be divided into the login screen of management users and non-management users. Different users have different range of operate authority. Users can query the elements of information which they need by the way of attribute query, and also can zoom in or zoom out the viewable area according to the need of the project.

2.4 Database Design Various types of data, such as attribute data and spatial data, are needed when establishing the system. Then the steps of database design are as follows: (1) Basic data collecting.

The collection and processing of the data are the basis for the establishment of the database information system of land use; the detailed degree and the accuracy of data determine the information accuracy of the database. Therefore, when selecting the data of information system, the first and foremost task is to understand the type and the characteristics of the data and the selected range of the data. Secondly, the selected data should comply with national unified standard. Take Simao district as an example, as a typical mountainous region of Pu’er, the land conditions of the district is very bad under the influence of its topography and geomorphology, then the land use status and social background of this region should be fully taken into account when select the latest date, such as land use, topographic maps and rivers as well as boundary data, as the data source of the system.

(2) Attribute database and spatial database.

GIS software is used on the basis of attribute database and spatial database analyze change of land use [9].

2.4.1 Database codes design The code of database is designed for the management and the use of data in the establishment of database. According to the needs of the project, the conformity of database code is the premise of data exchange and share. When inputting the land properties, all of the spatial elements and database should be linked by database codes. The uniqueness, simplicity, and integrity of database codes must be primarily considered when making the data encoding scheme, and the users-defined form is used to built the database code in this system (Table 1).

- 24 http://www.ivypub.org/RSS

TAB.1 CODE TABLE OF LAND USE gb

name

gb

name

1

Cultivated land

5

The village town and mining land

2

garden plot

6

Land for transportation

3

woodland

7

4

grassland

8

Waters and land for water conservancy facilities Other land uses

2.4.2 Attribute database design The graphics and the attribution of the database should be closely integrated; each database has its own data table structure and attributes data. At the same time, related attribute data can be inquired through directly click the graphics library.

2.4.3 Spatial database design Spatial data is the main part of the database. In the spatial database, the graphical data, which indicates the spatial orientation relationship, illustrates the position of geographical phenomena of the earth surface and their mutual relations. And the graphical data, which indicates the ability to identify the land types and measurement accuracy of the area of the land types, reflects the change status of a variety kinds of land types. The design of spatial database includes two aspects: structural design of the spatial data and editing processing of the spatial data.

3 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION 3.1 Hardware and software configurations of the system VB6.0 system, MO components, and Access database are needed in the software configuration of the system. If the user needs to add, delete, and update the data, the AreView 3.3 is also needed in the software configuration of the system.

The minimum hardware configurations of the system are as follows: CPU is PIV2.4.

The space of Hard disk is 40G. Internal Memory: more than128MB. Display Processor: Memory is more than16MB. Peripherals: essential peripherals are a laser printer, a scanner, a digitizer, an inkjet plotter, a CD-ROM or lithography.

3.2 System Analysis The system is based on the needs of users. It is oriented to both the land management users and the non-management users. The aims of this system are to have a unified management of the land use of Pu'er City, to achieve the scientific, systematic and automated management of land use, to maximize the convenience for users, and to save manpower, material resource and other resources, and it also can eliminate the problem of information redundancy because of data inconsistencies and the difficulty of data query. Analyses of the system will be analyzed the following aspects: the stability, portability, scalability, efficiency and handleability of the system.

(1) The stability analysis of system: users can access and query the system according to the needs and interest of them, and can get the spatial information and attribute information of the elements which they need to query. At the same time, users can use the same method to query attribute on another element, and this process can be repeated. If an error occurs during the operation, the system will automatically show the prompts to remind users how to operate in order to avoid such errors.

- 25 http://www.ivypub.org/RSS

(2) The portability analysis of system: VB6.0 is the programming language of the land use information system of Pu'er City, and modular exploitation is used during the exploitation of system, so the portability of the system is relatively strong.

(3) The scalability analysis of system: according to the needs of users, the system can be conveniently reduced and flexibly expanded, so that the system can satisfy the changing needs of users. The software design of this system adopts functional modules, and the increase of subsystem or subsystem functions is just the increase of functional modules of this subsystem, and the realization of the other subsystem functions will not be affected.

(4) The effectiveness analysis of system: the system is developed by VB6.0 as the programming language, and combined with the powerful Map data operating function of MO components; the system can save a lot of manpower, material resources, financial resources, and other resources.

(5) The handleability analysis of system: the users’ information system of land use in Pu'er includes both the management users and the non-management users; therefore, according to the demand analysis of the system, the design of the operating interface of the system which is exploited by adopting VB6.0 systems is friendly. This system has accurate and concise operate form, simple and convenient operate process, so that the operate method can easily be grasped by various kinds of users.

3.3 The implementation of system functions (1) Different types of users operate within their own purview. Different types of uses, including administrative users and tourism users can login system through different login approach. Administrative users can enter the "information management" interface of the system, contrast query of the land use information of Simao district and the management of land data can be operated in this interface. Non-administrative users can login in the "information query" interface of the system, non-administrator users can only query land use information of Simao district, but cannot modify any data in the unlimited interface.

(2) The query and display information of land use. In the "Information management" and "information query" interfaces, the users can select the related elements according to the requirements of projects, and the forms of the query results include polygons code, land use types, the area and the spatial distribution of different land use types.

Moreover, these two management interfaces have the functions of zooming in, zooming out, roaming and other basic functions. The "Information management" interface can output the user's query information in the form of reports, and outputs the latest data, so it can ensure the timeliness of the land use data, the utilization and the sharing of the information system.

(3) The comparison of landscape pattern information of land use in different years. Through the comparison of the spatial distribution changes and area changes of the same property elements in different years, or the changes of different types of land use of the same spatial location, the users can understand the changes of land use patterns.

(4) The processing and output of data. Based on GIS technology, the system can realize the functions such as statistical analysis, charting, data exchange interface and so on. Therefore, the data analysis can be more intuitive and effective.

4 CONCLUSIONS Through establishing information system of land use of Simao District, the change status of land use can be managed more timely, accurately, and reliably. The land use management system also can provide scientific basis for all levels of land management departments of the government to develop and implement land management policies and draft development planning. With the rapid development of science and technology, geographic information technology will increasingly penetrate into our social life, and provide references for the relevant departments to make reasonable land management decisions, and make good ecological and environmental protection; furthermore, it is also helpful for further research.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS - 26 http://www.ivypub.org/RSS

Yunnan Provincial Department of Education (Grant No.: 2012C109), Ministry of Education, "Chun Hui Plan" Foundation (Grant No.: Z2012051) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.: 41361020), Yunnan University Resource Environment and Earth Science research project (Grant No.: 2013CG006) funded.

REFERENCES [1]

Song, Y., and Ding, C, (2009), Smart urban growth for China. Cambridge, Mass: Lincoln Institute of Land Policy

[2]

Lambin, E. F., Rounsevell, M. D. A ., Geist, H. J.,(2000),Are agricultural land-usemodels able to predict changes in land-use intensity?A griculture, Ecosystems, and Environment, 82,321-331

[3]

Verburg, P. H., Soepboer, W., Veldkamp, A ., Limpiada, R., Espaldon, V., Mastura, S. S. A . (2002),Modeling the spatial dynamics of regional land use: the CLUE-S model,Environmental Management, 30, 391-405

[4]

World Bank. World development report, (2008), United States: Agriculture and Development, Quebecor World. http://siteresources. worldbank.org/INT WDR2008/Resources/2795087-1192111580172/WDROve2008-ENG.pdfAccessed1.09.09, 2008

[5]

Xian, G., Crane, M., & Su, J.,(2007),An analysis of urban development and its environmental impact on the Tampa Bay watershed, Journal of Environmental Management, 85, 965- 976

[6]

Yu W, Zang S, Wu C, et al.,(2011),Analyzing and modeling land use land cover change (LUCC) in the Daqing City, China,Applied Geography, 31, 600-608

[7]

Cui zhen-yang, Li Xiao-liang, (2006), The dynamic change analysis of land use based on RS and GIS in Shanxi Province, Agricultural Resources and Environmental Sciences, 6, 418-420 (in Chinese)

[8]

Pan Hai-bo, (2008), The ecological evaluation based on the 3S technology of natural forest landscape in Shangri-La County,Forestry Investigation and Design of Inner Mongolia, 31,6-9 (in Chinese)

[9]

Fang Gang, (2009), The analysis of the landscape pattern change of land use in Huaibei City ,Resource Development & market, 25,499-501 (in Chinese)

AUTHORS Xinhui Xu(1969-), female, the Han nationality, master's degree, Research Associate, major in RS and GIS, 9/2007-6/2009 M. C.L, Southwest Forestry University , Kunming. Email: xuxh@ynu.edu.cn

- 27 http://www.ivypub.org/RSS