The preparation and optical properties analysis of high visible light and low uv transmittance windo

Research of Materials Science December 2014, Volume 3, Issue 4, PP.82-86

The Preparation and Optical Properties Analysis of High Visible Light and Low UV Transmittance Window Screening Fabric Weilai Chen, Weidong Sui#, Xiaolan Wang College of Materials and Textiles, Zhejiang Sic-tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China #

Email: dskqdong@163.com

Abstract Containing nano- sized TiO2 polyester filament was selected as the main raw material of the window screening fabric. We wove a low UV and high visible light transmittance window screening fabric by using organization and yarn collocation design. We analysis the yarn fineness, organizational structure and yarn collocation rate impact on the transmittances. The results showed that the more smooth fabric, the lower the UV transmittance. It’s a better way to choose fine yarn and high density organizational structure to ensure the fabric’s light transmittance. At the same time, the ultraviolet transmittance was reduced.

Keywords: Window Screening Fabric; Transmittance; Fabric Structure; Yarn Fineness; Fabric Density

1 INTRODUCTION As one of the most familiar textiles, window screening was very wide used in modern life, different style window screening can be seen everywhere, such as the living room, hotel, and office conference rooms, etc, and play different function. The ultimate goal of window screening is adjust internal and external space and beautify the interior space, namely function and decorate. In the past decoration occupy primary position in study of window screening, while, with the improvement of living quality, it put forward higher requirements and more emphasis on functional for window screening, such as the light transmission properties of window screening, and whether it can effectively prevent harmful ultraviolet radiation. Now most of the thick fabric or coated window screening can effectively resist ultraviolet transmission and protect privacy but at the cost of the good light transmission and decorative properties, most of the thick window screening and coated screens are single color and heavy. Therefore, coordinated multi performance apply to the same piece of fabric is a better way to promote the traditional window screening fabric property.

2 EXPERIMENTAL 2.1 Experiment Principles

FIG.1 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE LAMBDA 900 SPECTROPHOTOMETER

Spectrophotometer can measure the fabric light transmittance, reflectance, and absorbance curve, and then get a - 82 http://www.ivypub.org/rms

continuous spectrum about transmittance and reflectance of light with different wavelength. The continuous spectrum that is characteristic curves react the continuous wavelength range of the light transmittance, reflectance, and absorbance. This method is more intuitive to evaluate and characterize the optical property of fabric. The schematic diagram was shown in Fig1.

2.2 Materials The wefts consist of nano-sized TiO2 polyester filament and Low stretch dyed yarn. The Polyester filament with nano-sized TiO2 was used as the main raw material of the fabric, because nano-sized TiO2 not only absorb ultraviolet light, but also reflection, scattering UV [1, 2, 3]. It also can penetrate visible light. Furthermore, with the use of TiO2 increase the proportion of fiber, the drape performance of fabric is improved. The collocation of DTY dyed yarn make the fabric more beautiful and practical. The warps use Organza with black and white two colors. After false twist processing, organza has better properties of evenness, level dyeing, soft handfeel, etc. Fabric becomes more characteristic and practical value.

2.3 Woven Window Screening Fabric 75D and 50D of polyester filament were selected for weft yarn. They were woven at a certain rate with 200D dyed yarns. 20D black and white Organza are in alternate arrangement. According to the set of organizational structure, we wove the window screening fabric in K88 rapier loom. Last, Humid heat process 1was used to size the fabric.

Parts of real product photos were shown in Fig.2.

FIG.2 PARTS OF REAL PRODUCT PHOTOS

3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS In order to study how the structure impact on fabric properties, we employed single-reason method whose yarn collocation and yarn fineness were as a fixed factor [4]. Three fabrics were designed as shown in Tab.1.

TAB.1 MAIN SPECIFICATIONS OF SAMPLES

Sample group 1 2 3

Number 1-1 1-2 2-1 2-2 3-1 3-2 3-3

Weft density ( root/10cm)

yarn collocation rate ( white: dyed yarn)

fineness ( white: dyed yarn)

280

3:1

75D:200D

280

( 11:1) :( 13:1) ~( 21:1)

75D:200D

320

4:1

50D:200D

organizational structure 1/2 twill 1/3 twill 1/1plain crepe weave 1/2 twill crepe weave 1/3 twill

White yarn was containing nano-sized TiO2 polyester filament in Tab.1.We can conclude that fineness, yarn collocation rate and structural density were fixed value in the 3 sample groups. Then it’s comprehensive to study how organizational structure impact on fabric properties. Transmittance of each group was shown in Fig.3 after processing tests.

1/1 plain and 1/3 twill were the foundation organization of crepe weave. According to the order of warp yarn, tuning sequence method was used to draw crepe weave. Its organizational structure was established as Fig.4.

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1-1 1-2

40 30 20 10 0 200

400

600

800

wavelength（nm）

1000

2-1 2-2

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 200

400

600

800

1000

wavelength（nm）

transmittance（%）

60 50

3-1 3-2 3-3

80

transmittance（%）

transmittance（%）

70

70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 200

400

600

800

1000

wavelength（nm）

(A) FIRST GROUP (B) SECOND GROUP (C)THIRD GROUP FIG.3 THE COMPARISON DIAGRAM OF THREE GROUP TRANSMITTANCE

FIG.4 DIAGRAMMATIC OF CREPE WEAVE

There were 16 interlacing point in the organizational unit of crepe weave in Fig.4. It’s less than 1/1 plain weave, equal with the same unit number 1/2 twill, greater than 1/3 plain weave. When the fineness of yarn, structural density and yarn collocation rate were the same, transmittance of 1/3 was greater than 1/2 from Fig. 3 (a), (b). Crepe weave was greater than 1/1 plain. Because when all other conditions were the same, the more the interlacing points [5], the uneven the fabric. The higher the porosity, the increasing of transmittance.

Fig.3 (c) illustrated that interlacing frequency of 1/3 twill was less than 1/2 twill and crepe weave obviously, so transmittance of 1/3 twill was the minimum. Crepe weave and 1/2 twill were close to interlacing frequency, but interlacing points were relatively mixed and disorderly of crepe weave. Its float line was less than 1/2 twill, so the transmittance of crepe weave was less than the twill.

3.2 Yarn Fineness and Fabric Density Impact on UV and Visible Light Transmittance Add some samples on the premise of figure 1 samples, and rearrange the number. In order to easily comparison and polyester filament with TiO2 was the main material of fabric so that only changed the weft density. Number A stand for 280/10cm and B stand for 320/10cm. The specifications of samples were shown in Tab.2.

TAB.2. SPECIFICATIONS OF SAMPLES

Number 1( A/B) 2( A/B) 3( A/B) 4( A/B) 5( A/B) 6( A/B) 7( A/B) 8( A/B)

fineness ( white: dyed yarn) 75D:200D

50D:200D

yarn collocation rate ( white: dyed yarn) 4:1 4:1 5:1 3:1 4:1 4:1 5:1 3:1

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organizational structure crepe weave 1/2 twill 1/4 twill 1/3 twill crepe weave 1/2 twill 1/4 twill 1/3 twill

1A 1B 2A 2B

80

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 200

70

transmittance(%)

transmittance（%）

70

400

600

800

2A 2B 6A 6B

80

60 50 40 30 20 10 0 200

1000

400

(A)

70 60 50 40 30 20 10

800

1000

4A 4B 5A 5B

90

transmittance（%）

transmittance（%）

80

600

1000

(B) 3A 3B 7A 7B

90

400

800

wavelength (nm)

wavelength（nm）

0 200

600

80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 200

400

600

800

1000

wavelength（nm）

wavelength（nm）

(C) (D) FIG.5 THE CONTRAST ANALYSIS DIAGRAM OF SAMPLES TRANSMITTANCE

The organizational structure and the arrangement of the weft was fixed so that we can analysis the yarn fineness and fabric density impact on UV and Visible Light transmittance. The curves of test result were listed in Fig.5 Based on the same conditions, including organizational structure and the arrangement of weft, compare the A and B of each photo we can conclude that fabric transmittance decrease along with the increase of fabric density when yarn fineness was the same; compare the A and B in the same photo demonstrate that under the same fabric density, the small yarn fineness have more better transmittance. Hence, the combination of 75D and 320/10cm has the lowest transmittance, the combination of 50D and 280/10cm better than others three groups.

As we can be seen from 1A,2A,3A,4A in Figure 5, although the combination of 75D and 280/10cm can decrease the UV transmittance, the visible light transmittance decline more significantly; The examples of 5B,6B,7B,8B, namely the combination of 50D and 320/10cm, ensure a high visible transmittance while reducing UV transmittance.

Therefore, we can choice the combination with finer yarns and relatively higher density to ensure relatively high transmittance while reducing UV transmittance. This is because the fabric which choice the finer yarns and relatively higher density more tightness than the combination of coarser yarns and lower density when other factors being equal, furthermore, the finer yarns and relatively higher density make fabric arrange more tidiness, and take full advantage of containing nano-sized TiO2 polyester filament property.

4 CONCLUSIONS Through testing the ultraviolet and visible light transmittance of window screening fabric, we analyzed the structure parameter, ultraviolet and visible light transmittance properties. Here are the conclusions: - 85 http://www.ivypub.org/rms

(1) Other factors being equal, the transmittance of 1/3 twill are better than 1/1 plain and 1/2 twill; this is because the transmittance of fabric decrease along with fabric interwoven frequency increasing. The regulation of interwoven point lead to the crepe weave fabric not enough flat and bigger porosity, although the crepe weave in figure4 have the similar interwoven frequency to 1/2 twill, as a result, the transmittance of crepe weave below 1/2 twill. The fabric of less interwoven frequency and more smooth fabric own low UV transmittance.

(2) The tightness of fabric is a very important factor to ensure high visible light and low UV transmittance. Selection of Contain nano-sized TiO2 polyester filament ensures fabric have good UV absorption capacity, and the combination of finer yarns and relatively higher density reducing the UV transmittance on the basis of hold a better high visible light transmittance.

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