Greenport Summer 2019

SUMMER 2019

www.greenport.com

GreenPort Congress | Alternative power | Waterways | Equipment

ZERO-EMISSION STRATEGIES Green supply chains

CONTENTS NEWS

REGULARS 16 Cruise focus

16 Global

Carnival Corporation becomes the first cruise terminal operator at Santa Cruz de Tenerife

Digitalisation, scrubber water study

19 Product news LNG mobile shore power, autonomous vehicles

20 Europe viewpoint Chloe Farand explores the challenges and opportunities represented

by Stockholm’s new Norvik Port

FEATURES

11

11 Waterways The Hamburg Vessel Coordination Center launches a new digital platform to manage traffic

14 GreenPort Congress profile Heidi Neilson of the Port of Oslo answers questions in advance of this year’s event

22 Opinion: Isabelle Ryckbost Isabelle Ryckbost considers the strategic importance of ports to Europe’s climate and environmental goals

24 Africa viewpoint Shem Oirere discovers how the South African port of Durban deals with solid waste

18 Alternative power

16

Giles Pettifor of the Port of Hueneme talks sustainable supply chain strategy

18

26 Australia/ Australasia viewpoint Iain MacIntyre reports on how trains are making log transportation greener in Wellington

28 Equipment From emissions limit enforcement to deliveries, drone use is growing in ports

20

26 For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

SUMMER 2019 | 3

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EDITORIAL & CONTENT Editor: Anne-Marie Causer editor@greenport.com Acting Editor: Michele Witthaus editor@greenport.com News Reporter: Rebecca Jeffrey rjeffrey@mercatormedia.com

EDITOR’S DESK MICHELE WITTHAUS ❘ Acting Editor

Hindsight and the 2020 vision

Now, instead of being a comfortably distant target to aspire to, the Marpol Annex VI regulation regarding the sulphur content of bunker fuel is coming up fast on the horizon

It’s incredible to think that the long-awaited regulatory deadline of January 2020 is almost upon us.

The date on which the sulphur limit drops to 0.5% for all shipping has loomed large in the calendars of those involved in any aspect of the industry. Now, instead of being a comfortably distant target to aspire to, the Marpol Annex VI regulation regarding the sulphur content of bunker fuel is coming up fast on the horizon, with very real consequences for organisations that are not ready to comply.

For those ports that have been at the forefront of environmental activity in recent years, it is a case of business as usual – and then some. It is fitting that GreenPort Congress will take place in Oslo, Norway this October. The Port of Oslo has embedded exemplary sustainability policies in its day-today business and also in its long-term planning, with ambitious targets for zero-emission operations by 2050. (See p14 for more.)

The new sulphur limit will enable better environmental conditions in ports but it does come with new challenges. One of these is the growing controversy around washwater from exhaust gas cleaning systems (scrubbers) that have been installed to enable fleets to reduce their emissions. As our story on p6 shows, the debate over the environmental impacts of scrubber wash water is complex and is likely to continue as more information becomes available.

One way in which ports are stepping up to improve their environmental profiles is by investing in shore power to reduce the burning of fossil fuels in harbour areas. Likewise, interest in electric and autonomous vehicles is rising (p9). The surge in popularity of drones is another sign of the times, as small unmanned craft sniff out pollution and make deliveries formerly conducted by diesel-guzzling heavy vehicles.

In the Port of Hamburg, a new digital platform is being established to manage traffic and curb adverse impacts on the busy port and its inland waterways (p11). Meanwhile, California, which has some of the most stringent environmental regulations in the world, is continuing to show leadership with the Port of Hueneme’s sustainable supply chain policies (p18).

Cruise traffic has become a bête noir of the environmental lobby, an often easy target thanks to the high visibility and huge passenger capacity of modern ships. On p16, we look at how Carnival Corporation’s appointment as the first cruise terminal operator at Santa Cruz de Tenerife could help build sustainability into cruise operations at the busy cruise port.

There’s no denying that ports are in the frontline during times of regulatory and political change. In this issue’s column (p22), Isabelle Ryckbost considers the strategic importance of ports to Europe’s climate and environmental goals. She outlines the benefits of ports taking a ‘hybrid’ role in the way they interact with their stakeholders, including governments.

The bottom line is that ports have always had a critical role to play in preventing pollution and improving their environments, and this is only going to become more important as the full effects of ever more demanding environmental regulations begin to hit home. Hindsight may be 20/20 vision but the changes that will take effect in January are just the next phase in what needs to be a long-term adaptation strategy for ports around the world.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

Correspondents Michele Witthaus, cruise Chloé Farand, Europe Dave MacIntyre, Australasia Shem Oirere, Africa Contributors Giles Pettifor Isabelle Ryckbost Production Ian Swain, David Blake, Gary Betteridge production@mercatormedia.com SALES & MARKETING t +44 1329 825335 f +44 1329 550192 Media Sales Manager: Tim Hills thills@greenport.com Media Sales Executive: Hannah Bolland hbolland@greenport.com Chief Executive: Andrew Webster awebster@mercatormedia.com Published quarterly by Mercator Media Ltd, Spinnaker House, Waterside Gardens, Fareham, Hampshire PO16 8SD Tel: +44 1329 825335 Fax: +44 1329 550192 E-mail: sales@greenport.com Website: www.greenport.com Registered in England Company Number 2427909 Registered office address: c/o Shoosmiths, Witan Gate House, 500-600 Witan Gate West Milton Keynes MK9 1SH Printed by: Holbrooks Printers Ltd Hilsea, Portsmouth, Hampshire PO3 5HX Subscription Rates: £77.00 pa For subscriptions contact amccartney@mercatormedia.com ©Mercator Media Limited 2019 ISSN: - 2045-6085 Printed in the UK by Holbrooks Printers Ltd on paper produced from elemental chlorine free pulp sourced from sustainable managed forests

Cover image: CentrePort Wellington/Dave Lintott

SUMMER 2019 | 5

GLOBAL BRIEFING

BRIEFS Partnering to cut carbon emissions PSA Singapore is working with Energy Market Authority (EMA) to achieve more eco-efficient port operations more by helping reduce overall energy usage and carbon emissions.

EMA and PSA Singapore will jointly launch R&D grant calls in smart grids and energy management systems for the container ports at the Pasir Panjang Terminal, focusing on integrating renewable energy sources like solar with smart control networks and energy storage solutions.

Southampton NOx reduction DP World (DPW) Southampton has received 12 hybrid straddle carriers from Kalmar as part of its goal to reduce its nitrogen oxide emissions by more than 50% by 2020 and make supply chains more sustainable. The straddle carriers use 20% less fuel than standard machines and are designed to be the most efficient on the market. The emissions-cutting equipment will be used in operations at the Port of Southampton going forward to help DPW reduce its carbon footprint.

CUTTING CO2 EMISSIONS WITH WASTE HEAT Port of Rotterdam Authority and DeltaPort have signed an MOU regarding the use of digitalisation to cut CO2 emissions in transport and logistics through the optimal use of waste heat.

Cooperation between the two ports will focus on cold chain logistics, digitalisation and sustainability. As part of the sustainability focus, attention will also be focused on ecologically sustainable design of the individual steps in complex logistics solutions. Rotterdam will input its experience on the way to an emissions-free port over the long term, while DeltaPort will ensure increasing utility to customers by means of innovative technological projects.

Andreas Stolte, chief executive officer of DeltaPort, said: "Not only do we see in Rotterdam the largest European seaport, but much more than that one of the leading drivers of innovation in port logistics.

"We are also convinced that through this cooperation we are jointly making a major contribution to the sustainable development of logistical

chains and so to easing the load on our environment."

8 The ports will focus on cold chain logistics, digitalisation and sustainability

SUSTAINABILITY The sustainability project EcoPort 813 will in future make use of the existing waste heat potential on a scale of 136 GWh of the aluminium plant in Deltaport’s Emmelsum Port to provide temperature-

controlled logistics premises with CO2-neutral energy.

Apart from using the waste heat for logistics centres in the port, the sustainability of modes of transport (e.g. waterborne) will be investigated in greater detail.

STUDY SHOWS LOW SCRUBBER WATER THREAT LEVELS

Electric vehicles for New Orleans The Port of New Orleans (Port NOLA) has expanded its electric vehicle fleet with the help of the Clean Fuel Transition Fund for Public Fleets, managed by the Regional Planning Commission’s Clean Fuel Partnership programme.

This funding has helped the port offset the costs of two plug-in hybrid electric F-150s equipped with extended range technology, including a high voltage lithium battery pack and regenerative braking. The systems, developed by XL, enable an estimated 50% increase in miles per gallon and 33% decrease in emissions.

6 | SUMMER 2019

A study by CE Delft has revealed low environmental impact of open-loop scrubbers on the marine environment, and particularly on ports and harbours.

The ongoing study, which uses three versions of Deltares’ dynamic computer modelling system MAMPEC, is assessing the accumulated impact of exhaust

8 The study found open-loop scrubbers are low-impact

gas cleaning systems on port water quality by evaluating the concentration of nine metals and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

CE Delft researchers used wash water samples taken from the scrubber tower outlet of cruise

ships, bulk carriers and ferries prior to any buffering or other wash water after-treatment processes.

In the first model, the researchers found that “for most of the compounds considered in the specified reference scenario and not considering wash water after-treatment, multiple ships using open-loop EGCSs may increase the equilibrium concentration in the port by 0% 0.01% of the annual average new Environmental Quality Standard expected to go into force in the EU in 2021, as part of a new Water Framework Directive”.

Only in their assessment of concentrations of Naphthalene, Nickel, Benzo(a)pyrene, and Fluoranthene did the researchers find a slight increase in the equilibrium concentrations, though still only between 0.02% and 0.2% of the maximum annual average Environmental Quality Standard specified for 2021.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

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GLOBAL BRIEFING

BRIEFS

OAKLAND APPROVES AIR QUALITY PLAN

Texas LNG for Ferrol Reganosa’s Mugardos LNG terminal in Spain’s Port of Ferrol has received the country’s first LNG cargo from Cheniere’s Corpus Christi LNG export terminal in Texas, US. The 277m long Belgian ship Excalibur, which has a capacity of 144,000 cubic metres, carried the load belonging to Trafigura to the Regasificadora del Noroeste-operated Mugardos terminal.

The first small-scale LNG facility in the US with both marine and truckloading capabilities has opened to serve customers at the Port of Jacksonville. JAX LNG, located at Dames Point in Jacksonville, Florida, was constructed through a joint venture between Pivotal LNG and NorthStar Midstream (NorthStar). “Pivotal is committed to transforming the nation’s energy landscape by leading the way in how we supply liquefied natural gas to our customers,” said Tim Hermann, president of Pivotal LNG.

Green Marine Indiana awards The Ports of Indiana has received Green Marine certification for all three of its port locations for its commitment to advance environmental sustainability initiatives. This makes it the first state-wide port authority to achieve the certification.

“The Ports of Indiana is taking the maritime industry to the next level,” said Indiana Governor, Eric J. Holcomb.

“From storm water management to community impact, the Green Marine certification verifies the Ports of Indiana’s performance, achievements and commitment to implement continuous improvement across our port system.”

8 | SUMMER 2019

Credit: Port of Oakland

US LNG first

8 Oakland’s plan envisages a zero-emission future

Port of Oakland commissioners have approved an air quality plan intended to drastically cut diesel and greenhouse gas emissions resulting from the port’s maritime operations.

The 'Seaport Air Quality 2020 and Beyond Plan' envisages a zero-emissions operation in the future and will provide a framework for maritime development for the next 30 years.

It calls for changes in equipment, operations, fuels and infrastructure at the seaport.

“The plan sends a powerful message that the port will lead the way towards a post-carbon future,” said Port of Oakland executive director, Chris Lytle.

“We’re always looking at pollution

reduction measures that reflect new technologies, financial resources and stakeholder input.”

Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) and Our Singapore Reefs (OSR) have embarked on a three-year collaboration to promote the importance of Singapore’s marine biodiversity.

As part of the partnership, underwater clean-up activities and public outreach events will be organised annually. The joint underwater clean-up exercise complements MPA’s existing efforts to protect the marine environment and promote safe navigation in its port waters, said MPA.

MPA COMMITS TO BIODIVERSITY

ZERO-EMISSION GOALS Examples of projects outlined in the plan include converting port fleet vehicles and equipment to zero-emission; installing electric infrastructure at container terminals; tracking yard equipment for fuel consumption, operability and performance and identifying cleaner fuels and alternative, renewable power sources.

Further to the plan, commissioners have requested a report in six months on the feasibility of converting trucks and cargo-handling equipment

“We are happy to work with the OSR team to engage the wider community in efforts to keep our waters clean,” said Quah Ley Hoon, chief executive of MPA. “Marine debris not only has a detrimental impact on our marine ecosystem and life, it is also potentially hazardous to navigational safety in our busy port waters.”

UNDERWATER CLEAN-UP To commemorate World Oceans Day in June, an underwater clean-

to battery power. They also requested an update on the infrastructure needed to charge electric vehicles.

The 'Seaport Air Quality 2020 and Beyond Plan' is the successor to Oakland’s 'Maritime Air Quality Plan' adopted a decade ago which helped the port reduce diesel particulate matter by 81%.

Developed in collaboration with community leaders, business representatives and academics over the last 18 months, the plan provides for community outreach enabling neighbours to comment on how the port’s growth might affect air quality.

up exercise, involving 20 volunteer divers, was organised in the waters around Lazarus Island. About 140 pieces of marine debris weighing around 75kg were retrieved and sorted for proper disposal.

To raise awareness of the adverse impact of marine debris on the environment and encourage members of the public to play a part in protecting it, the OSR team also organised a talk about marine conservation for about 80 participants at the Singapore Maritime Gallery.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

PRODUCT NEWS

An LNG mobile shore power solution project by Becker Marine Systems has reached a new phase with the first operation of two prototypes units taking place at HHLA’s container terminal Burchardkai at the Port of Hamburg.

A 24-hour test run of both Becker LNG PowerPac prototypes started on 20 June.

Combined, the two units generate three megawatts of clean energy as shore power supply for ships in port.

The results of this 24h test and the following tests will be incorporated into the serial design of the Becker LNG PowerPac. The Becker LNG PowerPac is a compact unit the size of two 40foot containers, intelligently combining a gas-powered generator with an output of 1.5MW and an LNG tank in a limited amount of space.

FUNDS FOR SOLUTIONS Germany’s Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure (BMVI) has been a project partner during the production process of the Becker LNG PowerPac. In June, it released

LNG MOBILE SHORE POWER TESTING

funds for mobile, containerised solutions for shore power.

Becker Marine Systems offers a wide range of alternative energy systems for the marine industry.

Hybrid Port Energy was founded

by Becker Marine Systems with the objective of supplying environmentally friendly maritime energy and is responsible

ABP PORTS INVEST IN ELECTRIC VEHICLES

8 Both Becker LNG PowerPac prototypes have been tested

for the development and sales activities of the Becker LNG PowerPac. emissions and help improve local air quality, whilst also helping us to operate more efficiently.”

In 2018, the Port of Ipswich generated 970MWh of electricity from its solar panel installations, which would be enough to power 300 electric vehicles for an average of 10,000 miles a year.

Associated British Ports (ABP) has invested more than GB£120,000 in a new fleet of electric vans to be deployed at its East Anglian Ports of Lowestoft, Ipswich and King’s Lynn.

The six ‘Renault Kangoo ZE’ electric vans are part of ABP’s ongoing vehicle replacement programme to make overall

operations more environmentally sustainable by reducing emissions from vehicle exhausts.

Out of the six new vehicles, four will be allocated to the Port of Ipswich, with the remaining two being shared between the Ports of King’s Lynn and Lowestoft.

They will be able to travel between each of the three East Anglian ports on a single charge.

FIVE-YEAR PLAN Andrew Harston, ABP short sea ports director, said: “The introduction of this new fleet of electric vehicles to our East Anglian ports is part of our five-year plan to develop sustainable sources of power and reduce our overall carbon footprint.

“The new vans will reduce

Electric truck testing

Zero-emission cranes

Liebherr eco launch

Electric reachstacker

A new project by Volvo Trucks and DFDS will test the capabilities of an electric, autonomous vehicle in transporting goods efficiently and sustainably from a DFDS logistics centre to an APM Terminals port terminal in Gothenburg, Sweden. The purpose of the project is to implement the autonomous vehicle Vera in a real application, enabling a connected system for a continuous flow of goods and distribution across the world.

Puerto Coronel has become the first port in Chile to incorporate zero-emission electric forklift cranes into its operations. The port purchased the forklift cranes with minimum noise generation to launch its Puerto Verde programme to incorporate electric equipment and increase the use of more environmentally friendly technologies. The three Linde High Lift e50L cranes will allow a saving of 80% in energy compared to the port’s existing cranes.

Liebherr has launched a crane driver elevator with drive technology powered by an electric motor with lithium-ion battery and the ability to recover up to 40% of energy. The LiUP elevator’s battery is automatically charged when it is in its parked position and the elevator can achieve approximately 40% energy recovery as it descends.

Capable of transporting up to two people or a payload of 200kg, LiUP is designed to transport crane operators, saving time and energy .

Cabooter Group will take a fully electric version of the Kalmar reachstacker into use in 2021.

The reachstacker, which will be powered by advanced lithium-ion battery technology, is being trialled at the SMART Logistics Centre Venlo, in the Netherlands.

Hans Cabooter, president of Cabooter Group, said: "The main driver behind our decision to adopt the solution is the need to reduce the noise and airborne emissions that our equipment generates.”

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

BRIEFS

SUMMER 2019 | 9

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WATERWAYS

DIGITAL PLATFORM FOR INLAND WATERWAYS

Photo: BCF

A new digital platform for ship management promises to make Hamburg's waterways more sustainable

As the largest seaport in Germany and the country’s secondlargest inland port, Hamburg attracts approximately 10,000 inland waterway vessel movements each year at its handling facilities on the Elbe. Central coordination of vessels is now becoming a reality for this busy port, with the Hamburg Vessel Coordination Center developing a digital platform specifically for inland waterway vessels. The platform will form a new addition to a range of existing digitised processes at the port.

Coinciding with the 10th anniversary of the HVCC, the new concept was announced in May this year.

During the first ten years of its operations, the HVCC has served as a central, neutral and cross-company coordination point, optimising ship traffic coming in and out of the Port of Hamburg. The HVCC grew out of a partnership between Hamburger Hafen und Logistik AG and Eurogate Container Terminal Hamburg GmbH, with the Feeder Logistics Center (FLC) established in 2009 to more efficiently coordinate feeder ships. Inland waterway vessels soon came within this organisation’s remit.

As increasing numbers of mega-ships began to call at the port, the coordination was expanded through the Nautical Terminal Coordination (NTC) department in close cooperation with the Hamburg Port Authority (HPA).

CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT In 2015, the joint venture was rebranded as the Hamburg Vessel Coordination Center. Its remit is to exchange data and to

8 Inland waterway vessels of BCF Börde Container Feeder GmbH in the Elbe-Seiten Channel on their way to and from Hamburg

continuously improve the port system as a whole with as many parties involved as possible. Most shipping companies that call at the Port of Hamburg with mega-ships now make use of NTC’s services, while the FLC coordinates the rotation of over 4,000 feeder terminal calls.

The drive to develop a dedicated inland shipping platform arose from the continued growth in container transportation by inland waterway vessels in Hamburg. Since 2012, the annual volume of container traffic reaching or leaving the Port of Hamburg by inland waterway vessels has grown by 40% to over 128,000 standard containers (TEUs).

Complicating matters still further, the port experiences a large number of transports conducted between terminals via inland waterway vessels.

“HVCC's new inland shipping platform aims to enhance the inland waterway vessel as a powerful and environmentally friendly mode of transport and to make greater use of its potential as a major pillar of hinterland traffic to and from the Port of Hamburg,” says Gerald Hirt, managing director of HVCC. “The improved plannability for barge operators and terminals will lead to an increase in efficiency in the handling of inland waterway vessels, which in turn will lead to a reduction in emissions. In addition, road traffic will be relieved by increasing ‘water-to-water transshipments’ – this means transports conducted between terminals via inland waterway vessels.”

According to Managing Director of HVCC Gerald Hirt, “The new platform will make it possible to digitise and enhance the

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

SUMMER 2019 | 11

Photo: HHLA/Nele Martensen

WATERWAYS

transparency of the planning of inland waterway vessel arrivals in Hamburg, the coordination of rotations within the port, the assignment of berths and terminal handling.”

A NETWORK FOR DATA EXCHANGE Effectively, the platform creates a network between inland shipping companies, ship operators, terminals and public authorities, ensuring the smooth exchange of data between all parties involved. In addition to HVCC client BCF Börde Container Feeder GmbH, other partners involved in the project are Deutsche Binnenreederei AG, Carl Robert Eckelmann GmbH and Walter Lauk Ewerführerei GmbH. While the growth in container traffic is accompanied by risk of adverse environmental impacts in the waterways in and around Hamburg, until now there has been a lack of information available to help the port and its stakeholders anticipate, measure and reduce these impacts.

“So far, the potential of the environmentally friendly inland waterway vessel has not been fully exploited due to waiting times and lack of transparency,” says Mr Hirt. “HVCC’s new inland shipping platform is intended to achieve comprehensive planning and data transparency for all parties involved. This will reduce rotation times of inland waterway vessels in the port, optimise resource planning at the terminals and at the same time increase handling volumes.”

Currently, each shipping company handles the advance planning of its ships independently, giving rise to the need for a high degree of bilateral coordination between the parties. The HVCC’s new platform will allow for centralised inland ship coordination, thus eliminating inefficiency along the transport chain. There will also be increased transparency of planning data, leading to a higher degree of reliability of processing for all involved.

Despite the evident benefits of the digital platform, there were significant challenges in developing and implementing it, says Mr Hirt. “A lot of convincing had to be done. Sharing own data and information is not an easy step. However, the HVCC has proven in the past that collaborative decision making is the right way to meet the challenges of managing traffic flows. This

12 | SUMMER 2019

8 For ten years, the HVCC has served as a central, neutral and cross-company coordination point, optimising ship traffic coming in and out of the Port of Hamburg

is already demonstrated by the HVCC's large ship and feeder coordination.”

At the launch of the platform, BCF Managing Director Hergen Hanke welcomed the continued development of the HVCC services. “We have been a partner of the HVCC for three years, and we expect to see further optimisation of port rotations and minimisation of port waiting times from the inland shipping platform,” he said.

A BOOST FOR INLAND SHIPPING According to the HVCC, improved predictability of ship calls and optimised use of terminal infrastructure capacity are critical for the terminals. Overall, the aim is to enhance inland shipping’s position as an effective and environmentally friendly mode of transport and to make use of its great potential as a key pillar of hinterland traffic.

Hamburg’s Senator for Economic Affairs Michael Westhagemann has described the HVCC as “an institution… unique in Europe. It has evolved to become an established player in the maritime world and is a best-practice example of digitalisation in action in the Port of Hamburg. The development of a coordination platform for inland shipping will further boost the competitiveness of this sustainable transport mode. As a port city, Hamburg can only benefit from this.”

The development of the new inland shipping platform is being undertaken by DAKOSY Datenkommunikationsystem AG, with financial support from the Hamburg Ministry for the Economy, Transport and Innovation. A pilot system is expected to enter a test phase in the third quarter of 2019, with full operation set to start early in 2020.

Looking ahead, it is possible that Hamburg’s pilot platform might act as a template for other ports seeking to improve the efficiency and sustainability of their inland waterways. “What is special about the Hamburg Vessel Coordination Center is that it was initiated by terminals and not by a port authority,” notes Mr Hirt. “The focus was therefore on operational optimisation. If the players recognise the added value, the new inland shipping platform can certainly serve as a role model for other locations.”

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

GREENPORT CONGRESS PROFILE

COUNTDOWN TO A ZERO-EMISSION PORT Michele Witthaus finds out why the Norwegian Port of Oslo is the ideal location for GreenPort Congress 2019 8 Answers by Heidi Neilson, Environmental Manager, Port of Oslo What would you say are the qualities that make the Port of Oslo the ideal host for GreenPort Cruise & Congress 2019?

Oslo is ‘blue and green’ and has a fantastic City Port in A between. We have green forest and parks to ensure high quality of living. We have moved parts of the port away from the inner city and thus can welcome people all the way down to the fjord along our Port Promenade. And we are building a cargo port with zero-emission solutions to realise low-emission logistic chains combining road, some rail, and sea transport.

The City of Oslo and Port of Oslo have together made a commitment to face challenging climate changes. All sectors need to reduce CO2 emissions, and global cities need to aim for zero emission. Oslo has a goal for 95% reduction by 2030, the port aims to reduce 85% by 2030 and by 2050 the Port City of Oslo should have zero emission.

This is possible with brave and ambitious politicians, who take measures to make sure that Oslo keeps being a great city to live in even though it is growing fast. All transport sectors will grow, but at the same time the emissions must go down.

Please tell us about the most significant sustainability initiatives that are currently underway at the port, and what additional developments you are planning over the next few years.

Oslo has renewable energy and plenty of it, so A electrification in all transport sectors is happening right now. The South Port will increase the capacity of cargo handling, and we are building infrastructure to ensure zeroemission solutions in all parts of the logistic chain. The City and Port of Oslo have a common zero-emission action plan, where we look at the largest contributors and build solutions for them first. In our port this was five ropax ferries, four of which are now on shore power. By 1Q 2020 all five foreign ferries will use shore power and thus reduce more than 5,000 tons of CO2 each year.

Photo: Hans Kristian Riise'

Q

Q

How is the port working with its shipping and logistics customers and partners to ensure compliance with environmental regulations?

The zero-emission action plan includes us all – we are all A in the same boat. We want to grow in all of our business segments and still reduce our emissions. Finding the cooperation and partnership is the only way forward.

Based on the zero-emission action plan many customers see the opportunity to renew their equipment and change their

Q

‘‘

Oslo has a goal for 95% reduction by 2030, the port aims to reduce 85% by 2030 and by 2050 the Port City of Oslo should have zero emission 14 | SUMMER 2019

fuels. The Port is planning to build a zero-emission cargo port, and the necessary input before building the right infrastructure comes from our customers. Being a platform for co-creation, partnership and rewarding innovative solutions is part of the Port of Oslo’s policy.

Environmental regulations in Oslo is not enforced by legislation, but the common path towards a zero emission city is clear for all sectors, and public procurement leads the way by demanding services with zero-emission solutions The Port of Oslo is part of the Green Shipping Programme that supports green pilots, and focuses on moving cargo from road to low-emission sea transport. The pilots show what is possible. They identify boundaries and encourage open discussion. The forum gives the opportunity for problem solving in cooperation with governmental and regulatory bodies that again gives the extra push towards the green shift.

8 Heidi Neilson, Environmental Manager for Port of Oslo

What lessons can you share with regard to the port’s track record of building good port/city stakeholder relations for sustainability?

Get your facts in order and invest time in open dialogue.

A Gather the facts regarding your port emissions, cooperate with the city. Share knowledge with city politicians so they can make long-term commitments to emission reduction. Look for the largest contributors and invest time in open dialogue. Public funding from organisation like Enova is important to reduce risk in new projects. And start building solutions in cooperation with ship owners or cargo owners, who want to take sea transport to the next level to reduce emissions from the whole logistic chain.

Q

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

GREENPORT CONGRESS PROFILE

Congress workshop yields insight into port practices stakeholders to face climate change. One of the main problems that ports encounter to deal with climate change is collecting data and having sufficient information. Based on the results of this research, only 47% of organisations are collecting data on climate change.

Concerning the existence of a climate change Risk Assessment plan, 57% of the participants have a plan to face this situation.

Moreover, only 24% of organisations are aware of the future release of PIANC WG 178 guidelines that will help port operators to deal with climate change.

The results of this survey also show that 62% of the organisations report their carbon emissions. However, the method used has not

been specified. Concerning monitoring, the results show that over half of the ports monitor their energy consumption, air quality and waste. In the case of climate change, only 13% of ports monitor it.

With respect to the use of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPI), just 50% of the ports are using them in the case of energy consumption. For the issues of air quality, waste and noise, around 30% of the ports are using EPIs in their effort to control them. In the case of climate change, only 13% of ports have performance indicators to measure this aspect.

Participants were also asked to list the main drivers of carbon management programmes at their ports, in order of importance.

The main drivers to implement Carbon Management Drivers Priority Leadership role in Carbon management practices.............................................................................................................1 Compliance with emerging regulations.......................................................................................................................................2 Potential to influence practice and regulation through innovation and investment.................................3 Opportunity to reduce and offset emissions from infrastructure development..........................................4 Stakeholder pressure to reduce environmental impacts...............................................................................................5

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Dr Chris Wooldridge reports on an emissions survey undertaken at GreenPort Congress 2018.

Last year’s GreenPort Congress, held in Valencia, included a workshop session entitled ‘You can't manage what you can't measure’, specifically organised to facilitate views and experience on the measurement and reduction of air pollution and GHG emissions.

During this session a survey was distributed among the participants and was completed by 55 port-related agents from all over the world. Of the participants, 45% were from Europe, 11% from America and 8% from Africa. Most of the participants were environmental managers (40%) followed by project managers (17.5%), port top managers (10%) and environmental experts (10%).

Based on the results of this survey, 81% of ports organisations believe that climate change has impacts on their organisations, such as sealevel rise. This shows that they are aware of the importance of this issue. In addition, 81% of organisations collaborate with other third-party organisations on the issue of climate change.

This shows that ports are already taking into account the port community and other

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SUMMER 2019 | 15

CRUISE FOCUS

CRUISE SYNERGIES FOR SANTA CRUZ DE TENERIFE

Photo: Tenerife Cruise Terminal

Santa Cruz de Tenerife is one of the busiest cruise ports in the Canary Islands. With Carnival Corporation as the new terminal operator, its growth is set to continue. Michele Witthaus reports

In December 2018, Carnival Corporation partnered with the Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife, becoming the first concession holder to operate the Canary Islands’ newest cruise terminal. The new terminal, opened in 2016, can accommodate cruise ships powered by low-emission liquefied natural gas (LNG), including Carnival Corporation brand AIDA Cruises’ AIDAnova, the world’s first cruise ship that can be powered by LNG both in port and at sea.

Seven of Carnival Corporation’s brands – AIDA Cruises, Costa Cruises, Cunard, Holland America Line, Princess Cruises, Seabourn and P&O Cruises UK – called at Santa Cruz de Tenerife in 2018, accounting for approximately half of the more than 600,000 passenger visits.

Carnival Corporation’s decision to become the concessionholder in the port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife was influenced by several factors, says Michel Nestour, Vice President, Global Port and Destination Development Group – EuroMed Region, Carnival Corporation & plc. “Key considerations included the decision by our German brand AIDA Cruises, the number one cruise line operating in the Canary Islands, to position in this market AIDAnova. In addition, this consideration was further supported by the willingness and openness of the Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife management team to pioneer this new technology and to achieve the first successful LNG cruise bunkering in their port, which occurred upon the arrival of AIDAnova in December 2018.”

As the first port in the region with the capacity to fuel Carnival Corporation’s new LNG cruise ships, Santa Cruz de Tenerife is well placed to boost both capacity and demand for

16 | SUMMER 2019

LNG in the region. Mr Nestour explains: “The first AIDAnova bunkering required a lot of work from AIDA Cruises, Carnival Corporation, Shell and the Santa Cruz de Tenerife port and terminal teams. This is by all measures a great joint achievement that positions Carnival Corporation and its partners as pioneers. And yet, this is only the beginning of this journey for our next-generation ‘green’ cruise ships. To date, Carnival Corporation and its brands have an additional 10 LNG ships on order to be delivered by 2025.

“Regarding the Canaries, AIDAnova will be joined by another LNG ship, Iona from P&O Cruises (UK) in October 2020, and the first-ever call of Carnival Cruise Line’s LNG-fueled Mardi Gras at this port as part of its inaugural season. Other cruise lines such as Royal Caribbean International, MSC Cruises, Disney Cruise Line and TUI are also following Carnival Corporation with an additional 11 LNG ships on order to be delivered by 2026.”

Carnival Corporation plans to cooperate with other cruise lines to ensure green cruising is the norm in Tenerife and the neighbouring islands.

“Each cruise line operates their own business model, but at Carnival Corporation, our brands believe that this change in fuel used for propulsion and in port will be a key factor in our overall sustainability efforts,” says Mr Nestour. “A large majority of the ships in our fleet are also equipped with

8 Tenerife Cruise Terminal

8 Michel Nestour, Vice President, Global Port and Destination Development Group – EuroMed Region, Carnival Corporation & plc Photo: Carnival Corporation

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

eco-friendly abatement technology such as Advanced Air Quality Systems (AAQS) in order to help us meet and/or exceed minimum local environmental regulations. Over time, cruise line operators will continue working on other technology. By pioneering the LNG way, we have already helped to create the procedures and approval process to operate LNG, and no doubt other cruise lines will benefit from this and other eco-friendly technologies, such as AAQS, that are steps in the right direction towards even greener cruising.”

Sustainability will also be embedded in the shore excursions and other activities accessible from the port, such as whale and dolphin watching and exploring historical UNESCO attractions.

“As part of our sustainability journey, we are also working to develop and further embed sustainable practices in our shore excursions,” explains Mr Nestour. “For example, some of our brands, including AIDA Cruises, have already embraced cycling tours. These bike excursions offer guests opportunities to discover the shoreside area in a healthy and environmentallyfriendly way.

“In Gran Canaria, we work with Urban Adventures who provide tours that help our guests engage with local communities and head off the beaten path to really discover the destination. As well as helping to support local business, it also helps to better disperse guests to the lesser known sites and venues. Additionally, we also hire all of the sports equipment that we use as part of our programme and transport from local businesses. Providing sustainable shore excursions involving animals is also of utmost importance to us.”

Mr Nestour hopes that Carnival Corporation's presence in Tenerife will make green cruising the norm in the region. “With our investment in Tenerife, our goal is that by 2020, one in every two passengers coming through the Santa Cruz de Tenerife terminal will be sailing on a ‘green’ cruise ship. This will be a huge achievement from zero in 2018 and will be a trend we are hoping will benefit, in similar proportion, the other islands of the Canaries itineraries.”

GOOD TIMING FOR GREEN CRUISING The appointment of Carnival Corporation to the Tenerife concession comes at a time when the port authority is committing significant resources to sustainability. It is currently developing an energy efficiency project to reduce greenhouse gas emissions – CO2 – by fifteen tons a year. “The scope of work covers four different initiatives, including shore power supply to ships while in port, intelligent lighting management and renewable facilities to reduce the use of electricity at the port authority infrastructures,” says Pedro Suárez López de Vergara, president of the Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

“We are also working to overcome challenges related to air pollution, peak demand, infrastructural development at ports and local attractions and sewage water discharge, among others,” says Mr Suárez. “In this sense, the Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife is doing its best to recycle as many materials as possible from the visiting cruise ships. We apply the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), whose Annexes III, IV and V set the international standards for controlling marine pollution.

Regarding cruise sustainability challenges and concerns on emissions, we are meeting the new regulations for CO2, SOx and IMO 2020.

“Our partnership with Carnival Corporation to supply LNG to AIDAnova and the future next-generation ‘green’ cruise ships is a step in the right direction towards our goal of a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future in cruising.”

Other environmental services available at the port include

Photo: Carnival Corporation

CRUISE FOCUS

facilities for waste separation and compaction, as well as an advanced wasted water treatment system. The authorised port operators for garbage collection also use innovative systems to separate and recycle all types of materials.

“Another example of investments to further reduce environmental impact is the project of a Regasification Terminal and LNG storage, which will make it easier and cheaper to provide LNG to any cruise or vessel,” says Mr Suárez.

As home port for several shipping lines, Santa Cruz de Tenerife provides transport systems by bus to transfer cruise passengers from the port to the airport and vice versa.

Mr Suárez believes that good relationships with stakeholders are crucial to sustainable cruise tourism. “Our port authority holds regular meetings with our different stakeholders – mainly local authorities, such as municipalities, the local Government and port services providers, including the Harbour Master – to understand their needs, expectations and priorities. A good relationship between the port and the city is one of our priorities, so we work to enhance the necessary mutual partnership.

“It is also part of our roadmap to train the port police as ‘environmental inspectors’ as part of our initiatives to identify and correct any pollutant activities that may take place in our ports.”

Within the next two years, the Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife plans to apply the EcoPorts Port Environmental Review System (PERS) in line with ESPO’s recommendations related to cruise traffic.

Santa Cruz Terminal joins eight global ports and terminals already operated by Carnival Corporation. These are Barcelona (Helix & Palacruceros terminals) in Spain; Savona in Italy; Amber Cove in the Dominican Republic; Puerta Maya in Cozumel, Mexico; Grand Turk Cruise Center in Turks and Caicos Islands; Mahogany Bay in Roatan, Honduras; and Long Beach in California.

Carnival Corporation also operates two private destinations in the Caribbean, Princess Cays and Half Moon Cay, and has a strategic partnership in Dubai for the future operation of cruise terminals.

Additionally, through a joint venture, Carnival Corporation is a 50/50 operator with MSC Cruises of a terminal in Marseille, France.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

8 The LNG barge used for bunkering AIDAnova

8 Pedro Suárez López de Vergara, president of the Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife Photo: Port Authority of Santa Cruz de Tenerife

SUMMER 2019 | 17

ALTERNATIVE POWER

EMISSION-FREE AVOCADOS AND MORE Giles Pettifor, environmental manager at the Port of Hueneme, explains how the Californian port is tackling emissions in its supply chains

AN ENVIRONMENTAL LEADER In recent years, the Port has received international recognition for demonstrating environmental leadership. In 2015 it became the first California port to be certified by the rigorous Green Marine programme. Green Marine is a comprehensive environmental certification programme for the maritime industry that is administered by a third-party organisation. This transparent eco-accountability programme involves a rigorousself-assessment of the Port’s overall environmental footprint, including environmental management policies and strategies to help guide the Port to reduce its environmental impacts by undertaking measurable actions. To receive this certification, the Port benchmarked its annual environmental performance through the programme’s self-evaluation guides, had the results audited by an accredited third-party verifier, and agreed to the publication of individual results to an international audience. The Port’s sustainability progress was further recognised in 2017 when it received the Greenest US Port award at the 2017 Green Shipping Summit. The Port consistently raises the bar and never ceases to seek opportunities to reduce its operational impacts and improve the environment for the benefit of the community.

In conjunction with the Green Marine certification, the Port’s

18 | SUMMER 2019

Photo: Port of Hueneme

The Port of Hueneme (Port) welcomed its first vessel in 1941, embarking on an ambitious mission to maximise maritime commerce and provide robust economic benefits to the community. The Port is integral to the supply chain of exports and imports throughout California, and it specialises in the import and export of fresh produce and automobiles. In the fiscal year 2018, about 1.6 million tons of cargo moved through the Port, creating US$9.5 billion in goods movement; US$1.7 billion in economic activity; 15,834 trade-related jobs; US$119 million in state and local taxes; and 3.3 billion bananas imported annually.

As a Special District of the State of California, the small, niche seaport is structured to be financially self-sufficient and thus it does not rely upon a tax or charge of local municipalities. Instead, the Port’s revenue comes from the throughput of cargo paid for by our customers. In that sense, even though it is a public agency, the Port must operate like a business– one that is not in pursuit of profit but instead provides economic vitality to the surrounding community. The Port’s ability to provide this fuel into the local economy and be a source of employment is thus dependent on our customers’ ability to succeed economically despite uncertainty driven by global trade discord and increasing regulatory compliance costs of doing business in California.

During the course of the Port’s 82-year history, it has not only become one of the region’s key economic engines but it also has emerged as leader in implementing environmental excellence and sustainability. It has done this by committing to integrate sustainability into its day-to-day operations and by fostering collaborative relationships with environmental experts, engineers, researchers and community organisations, all while in pursuit of long-term environmental goals.

Environmental Management Framework (EMF) helps to guide the Port in moving beyond environmental compliance and into a leadership role. The EMF was developed in 2013 as a tool to help steer the Port through the adoption of sustainability goals and into the integration of practices to achieve these goals. The EMF includes numerous plans and policies that were developed around eight key environmental categories, including Community Engagement, Sustainability, Air Quality, Marine Resources, Soil and Sediment, Water Quality, Energy Management, Climate Change and Adaptation.

8 A ship transporting fresh produce runs on shore power while in port

MITIGATING AIR EMISSIONS In recent years, air quality has emerged as the most immediate topic for the Port’s environmental initiatives. Air emissions from Port operations can combine with those from regionwide sources in the atmosphere to create air pollution, which can affect the local air quality to the detriment of public health as well as the global environment. To reduce public health risks and air pollutant emissions associated with the Port’s operations, the Port is committed to the development and implementation of short- and long-term air quality management strategies.

To cohesively roll out these strategies aimed at a long-term trajectory of reducing emissions from the Port to zero, we have begun a multi-faceted programme to address immediate

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

ALTERNATIVE POWER

‘‘

concerns and establish a cohesive and comprehensive course of action to ensure progress toward these long-range air quality improvement goals.

Undertaking a transition to low carbon fuels of this scale will require extensive planning to ensure it is done correctly, being informed by lessons learned from industry leaders furthest along in similar efforts, particularly with many of these emissions reductions being achieved via rapidly developing technology solutions. It also needs to be done efficiently, so as not to impact existing business and cargo operations which keep the Port funded, and as cheaply as possible as the funding sources will largely be competitive grant moneys and other public funding sources. Finally, there is a need for sufficient flexibility to adapt to future technology improvements and ‘future proof’ the equipment currently being installed and reduce the likelihood of needing to replace or move infrastructure in the short term.

This programme will cover several elements, including a comprehensive, proactive clean air plan, called the Port of Hueneme, Reducing Emissions, Supporting Health (PHRESH) Plan. PHRESH will include annual Port emissions inventories, realistic and appropriate air pollutant and GHG reduction goals, assessment of emission reduction strategies, implementation cost and funding source analyses, and community involvement.

Under PHRESH, we will annually track emissions from Port operations, and will be able to assess progress toward established targets and make adjustments needed or pursue new strategies to reach them.

This plan being written in conjunction with our air pollution regulatory agency, the Ventura County Air Pollution Control District and we will seek their input on targets, reduction goals and how the PHRESH can help regional attainment of AQ goals.

The Port will be installing the only regulatory reference grade air quality monitoring equipment in the local community. To help the community understand what air quality in the area looks like the Port will install, operate and make public the air quality data gathered by this set of high-tech instruments.

INFRASTRUCTURE CHALLENGES Transitioning to less carbon intensive fuels will require the design, engineering, funding and installation of a brand-new fuel storage and delivery system on Port, likely electricity. This transition from diesel powered cargo movement will be a paradigm shift, requiring the repowering or replacement of nearly all the equipment on Port. It must be planned so that funds can be gathered to pay for it, and the shift can be undertaken with minimal impacts.

In 2014 the Port installed a US$15 million-dollar, high voltage electrical system to enable ships to plug into shore power when at berth in the Port. This project has enabled significant reduction in emissions from ocean going vessels visiting the Port.

Along with the installation of the shorepower system, the Port in collaboration with a major technology firm, installed five 1 megawatt batteries on Port to store purchased energy to help reduce any impacts on the local electrical grid when ships plug in.

This summer the Port began construction of another highvoltage electrical system that will power the next generation of ZE cargo handling equipment. This system will become the foundation upon which future purchases and repowers of

Photo: Port of Hueneme

The Port consistently raises the bar and never ceases to seek opportunities to reduce its operational impacts

existing equipment will be powered and is critical to the Port’s ability to reduce emissions.

As part of a larger regional project in collaboration with the Port of Los Angeles, the Port will be receiving two full electric yard trucks, and will utilise a zero-emission fuel cell long-haul truck to move produce between the Port and the LA Ports.

8 Longshoremen stand by to plug in a ship at Port of Hueneme

ENERGY PLANNING In 2018, the Port began work on an electrical master plan (EMP) which would assess the Port’s current and future electrical power needs. The demands of modifying our electrical infrastructure to power a ZE future are significant, and working with our electrical utility requires the Port to quantify what this future will look like.

The EMP will assess various future scenarios of growth and operational changes to determine what our power needs may look like in five, ten or twenty years.

As its mission statement suggests, the Port is committed to providing ‘…the maximum possible economic and social benefits to the people and communities served by the Port.’ This commitment includes a responsibility to address the environmental impacts of Port operations. The Port will work together with the goods movement industry regulatory agencies and local community partners to achieve a future in which traderelated cargo drives future employment opportunities while simultaneously achieving a cleaner environment.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

SUMMER 2019 | 19

EUROPE: VIEWPOINT

BUILDING IN SUSTAINABILITY AT STOCKHOLM’S NEWEST PORT

Photo: Stockholms Hamnar

Constructing a new port is a major infrastructure challenge. But in Stockholm, it is also an opportunity to address environmental and climate challenges, says Chloé Farand

Located 50 kilometres south of Stockholm, Stockholm Norvik Port is due to receive its first vessels in May 2020. The Municipality of Stockholm, which owns the Ports of Stockholm, is confident the new deep-water port will be “a game-changer in the Baltic region”.

The Baltic Sea is one of the busiest seas in the world, accounting for up to 15 per cent of global cargo transportation, according to the Baltic Ports Organisation. The increase in maritime traffic and associated pollution has progressively degraded the sea’s natural environment and biodiversity and left the sector in great need of reducing its impact in the region.

Camilla Strümpel, director of communications at the Ports of Stockholm, explains that a key reason for building the new port is “to be able to transport goods in a sustainable way to the growing Stockholm region”. According to the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce, the Swedish capital is growing more rapidly than any other European city, with its population expected to expand by 11 per cent between 2015 and 2020.

“Right now, most of the goods in the Stockholm area are transported by truck or train. Using sea transport to get as close as possible to the end consumer is the most resource-efficient way to get the goods to the user while reducing their carbon footprint,” says Strümpel.

The Stockholm Norvik Port has a natural depth of 16.5 metres and the quay lengths and terminal area are designed to be able to handle the largest vessels in the Baltic Sea, creating a transport hub that needs to be both efficient and sustainable.

The port authority has invested in a four-kilometre shuttle railway to connect the port with the state-owned network. The introduction of a barge shuttle service from Stockholm Norvik Port into lake Mälaren is also under discussion.

The new port will aim to mitigate some of its environmental

20 | SUMMER 2019

8 Stockholm Norvik Port under construction

and climate impacts with on-shore power supply using “ecolabelled electricity” instead of fossil fuels at every berth. It will also boast black and grey wastewater, or sewage, reception facilities and waste-sorting facilities.

Energy-efficient buildings fitted with geothermal heating, solar panels and environmentally-approved materials will also help the port minimise its carbon footprint.

SMART GREEN PORTS But efforts to reduce the port’s environmental impact will also occur in everyday operations with efficient logistics. That is the idea behind the ’smart port’ concept, which is being promoted by the Baltic Ports Organisation, of which Ports of Stockholm is a member.

Ellen Kaasik, chair of the organisation’s environmental working group and environmental manager at the Port of Tallinn, says that smart solutions help ports use resources in a more efficient and environmentally friendly way.

“In practice, this is about creating an environment where certain processes are simplified by various security and automated devices and thus accelerated. The goal is to minimise the time [ships] spend in the harbour,” she explains.

The faster loading and unloading, and mooring and unmooring of ships, for instance, reduces engine running time and greenhouse gas emissions. In Tallinn, the Old City Harbour also uses smart traffic flow management to automatically guide vehicles to the right check-in booth and lane, reducing waiting time.

Smart solutions have become key to running ports more efficiently and sustainably. The popularity of automated systems and data tracking is partly due to the fact that every port, new and old, can explore its own solutions.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

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OPINION: ISABELLE RYCKBOST

PORTS IN THE DRIVING SEAT FOR GREEN POLICIES IN EUROPE European ports are a strategic partner in achieving Europe’s climate and environmental goals, says ESPO Secretary General Isabelle Ryckbost

A WIDER ROLE FOR PORTS Over the last decades, encouraged by the EU, almost all ports have developed their governance model towards being more commercially driven and being more financially autonomous.

At the same time, more than before, port managing bodies take up – or are asked to take up – wider societal responsibilities.

They need to invest accordingly in projects that serve wider environmental imperatives, even if there is no direct return on investment for the port and even if the port itself is not itself responsible for the environmental problems. Port managing bodies understand these responsibilities and are happy to engage. However, they ask policy makers to understand the difficulties they face as they try to be competitive and commercial on the one hand and to serve the wider public responsibilities like a public entity on the other hand.

‘‘

We want to explain to new policy makers how European ports can be a strategic partner in achieving Europe’s goals, in particular in terms of digitalisation and decarbonisation With this in mind, the memorandum outlines a series of priorities and recommendations for the next five years. Let me highlight those that touch on environment and sustainability.

Decarbonisation, of course, comes first on this list. Ports are directly feeling the impact of extreme weather conditions; on average, 40% of the commodities going through European ports are sources of energy; being at the crossroad of transport and supply chains, clustering industry and energy, ports are places where lots of CO2 sources come together.

European ports therefore ask policy makers to support investments that implement the decarbonisation strategy of the port as well as investments aiming at enhancing the resilience

22 | SUMMER 2019

Photo: ESPO

Between 23 and 26 May, the citizens of 28 EU Member States cast their votes in the European elections. For policy organisations like the European Sea Ports Organisation, the European Elections are an ideal moment to reflect and set priorities both for ourselves and for the incoming European policy makers.

We presented a memorandum during our annual conference in Livorno on 23 May, to explain to new policy makers how European ports can be a strategic partner in achieving Europe’s goals, in particular in terms of digitalisation and decarbonisation.

In the first place, we want policy makers to understand the complex role of ports as entry gates for trade, being at the crossroads of supply chains – hotspots of energy, industry, innovation and digitalisation. Moreover we want to emphasise that more than ever, ports in Europe are ‘hybrid’.

of the port to climate change. We further want policy makers to recognise that ports can really be a spider in the web for guiding Europe’s economy through the energy transition. We also hope that the target for shipping set by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in 2018 will be followed up as soon as possible by concrete emission reduction measures for shipping.

Measures requiring ports to invest in clean fuel facilities should come with corresponding obligations for the users.

However, stimulating new technologies should not lead to strict legislation hampering the sector from adapting to ongoing technological innovation. We are conscious that our decarbonisation targets might need to be assessed in the light of the outcome of the discussion on the EU 2050 long-term strategy for a climate-neutral economy.

A second important priority is air pollution. ESPO’s environmental reports have shown that over the last four years, air quality has been the number 1 environmental priority for Europe’s port managing bodies. More than 90% of European ports are urban or close to an urban area. Air pollution is the single largest environmental health risk in Europe, causing around 400 000 premature deaths per year. Ports cannot ignore the call for cleaner air, regardless of who is responsible.

To address this major concern and to safeguard the public acceptance of port activity in the years to come, we ask for a gradual but mandatory transition plan to cleaner fuels for shipping. Such a plan should deliver both on air quality and carbon savings. We also ask European policy makers to start the discussion on an EU-wide Emission Control Area in close cooperation with all stakeholders. In addition, we want the new Commission to take away the current disadvantage for the use of onshore power supply (OPS), by providing OPS with the tax exemption that currently applies for electricity generated onboard of vessels. Finally, we express our support for the EU proposal to the IMO to take prompt and harmonised action with regard to the impact of liquid discharges from scrubbers on water quality.

8 Isabelle Ryckbost

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

Oslo2019

16OCT Oslo ȶȉȦȟ Norway 18

GREENPORT Cruise Congress

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BOOK TODAY! The world’s leading conference on balancing environmental challenges with economic demands comes to Oslo - European Green Capital of 2019!

Programme highlights include: • Future of zero emissions - Sveinung Oftedal, Norwegian Negotiator, IMO • New regulations in the UNESCO World Heritage Fjords in Norway - Lars Christian Espenes, Leader of Environmental Unit, Norwegian Maritime Authority • Emissions reduction approaching 2030: current and future solutions - Tom Strang, SVP Maritime eý±ĜųŸØ ±ųĹĜƴ±Ĭ • The environmental priorities for European ports - Isabelle Ryckbost, Secretary General, ESPO • Peace Boat Ecoship - Yoshioka Tatsuya, Founder • Decarbonising cruise with waste, a carbon capture solution - Henrik Badin, CEO, Scanship

Meet and network with over 200 attendees representing port authorities, terminal operators and shipping lines.

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GREENPORT

BALANCING ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES WITH ECONOMIC DEMANDS

AFRICA VIEWPOINT

PORT OF DURBAN TACKLES SOLID WASTE IMPACTS African ports face increasing generation of solid waste along with worsening climate change effects such as heavy rains and flooding. Shem Oirere finds out how Durban is rising to the challenge With nearly all ports located in lowland areas next to big cities, the task of tracking waste generation, storage, segregation, collection, treatment and disposal to avert leaks and debris that could threaten marine operations has become even more onerous for port operators and city or municipal authorities.

A recent incident at South Africa’s busiest port of Durban, which handles up to 60% of the country’s exports and imports, involving leakage of sewage into the port and unprecedented storm flooding, is a wakeup call to port operators to intensify partnerships with city or municipal authorities. This can include tracking the soundness of waste management policies and associated infrastructure to avert compromising the health and safety of port users.

According to Transnet National Ports Authority (TNPA), a division of Transnet SOC, which controls and manages South Africa’s eight commercial ports on the country’s 2,954km coastline, all diving operations and angling activities were suspended for most of May at the port because of severe sewage discharge that “poses a risk to diving personnel and marine life”.

TNPA said in a statement: “The Port of Durban was unfortunately on the receiving end of the large volume of litter, effluent and sewage that was discharged through the stormwater reticulation system from a catchment area of more than 200 km2 in size.” The discharge was attributed to the failure of pumps at the eThekwini municipality’s Mahatma Gandhi pump station.

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The Alliance will promote innovation and collaborate on technical solutions and local pilot initiatives to improve plastics collection and recycling The municipality issued a statement urging people “to stay clear of the harbour until further notice” as it launched a major clean-up operation Durban port harbour. About 20% of the harbour’s water is believed to have been affected by the sewage discharge, according to eThekwini Municipality spokesperson Msawakhe Mayisela.

“The failure of the mechanical rakes at the entrance to the pump station has allowed an ever increasing amount of foreign objects to enter the pumping system resulting in the pumps tripping and failing mechanically,” added Ms Mayisela.

POST-DISASTER CLEAN-UP Coincidentally, TNPA had in May launched a major clean-up at the Port of Durban to remove a large volume of waste and vegetation from the port after the recent heavy rains and flooding in KwaZulu-Natal province.

“The adverse weather caused the usual deluge of plastic and other debris to flow into the port, leaving behind an unsightly scene,” said Acting Durban Port Manager, Nokuzola Nkowane.

Plastics in oceans and lakes represent a challenge not only

24 | SUMMER 2019

for governments but also for port operators. “We would like to appeal to the public to please help curb plastic pollution as this causes huge problems when the debris flows into the harbour,” said Ms Nkowane.

She said the debris, which included large logs, posed a threat to the safe navigation of the harbour craft which are used to guide vessels safely in and around the port. “The ingress of waste impacted on vessel movements” she said, adding that some of the vessels were unable to berth or sail in the Maydon Wharf precinct.

“The combined catchment area of the rivers, canals and storm-water drainage systems that drain into the port is over 200km2 in size and the port waters are on the receiving end of the large volume of litter, effluent and sewer that is discharged into the storm-water reticulation system within the catchment,” said Ms Nkowane.

Strong partnership among municipal authorities, port operators and the private sector in solid waste management, especially plastic, is critical not only for the port of Durban but also for Africa’s marine life and transport.

There are encouraging signs however: in March, at the seventh edition of the Africa CEO Forum held in Kigali, some of the multinational companies operating in Africa launched an initiative to tackle the generation of plastic waste material that could end up in ports across the continent.

Multinationals such as Diageo Coca Cola Company, Diageo, Nestlé and Unilever said they would “facilitate and support their local subsidiaries to engage in market-level public-private partnerships and industry collaborations.”

According to a statement from the Alliance’s secretariat, “The Alliance will promote innovation and collaborate on technical solutions and local pilot initiatives to improve plastics collection and recycling, which in turn is expected to create jobs and commercial activity.”

Such initiatives will reduce unregulated dumping of solid waste and lower the risk of flood-driven debris affecting the smooth operations of ports in the region.

8 Solid waste is a growing problem in African ports

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

AUSTRALASIA VIEWPOINT

LOG TRAINS CUT EMISSIONS AT NEW ZEALAND PORT

Photo: CentrePort

Environmental goals are being achieved by using trains to feed export logs from inland rural hubs to Wellington’s CentrePort, in New Zealand’s North Island. By Iain MacIntyre

Inland hubs are a means of aggregating logs at railheads close to plantation forests where the logs – mainly radiata pine grown as a crop for use in construction – are harvested. By bringing the logs to the hubs, the use of rail becomes a possibility compared to the alternative of multiple truck movements.

Capacity is being significantly increased on KiwiRail’s twicedaily log train between the Wellington port’s inland hub facility at Waingawa in the rural Wairarapa region and the seaport, with consequent further reduction in emissions.

Delivering about 80,000 tonnes of JAS logs (Japanese Agricultural Standard) annually to the port when launched in 2012, the CentreRail service handled 330,000 tonnes at the log hub in the 2017-2018 financial year – about 25% of CentrePort’s total log volume.

The addition of 15 further wagons to the current 30-wagon service, which will be fully implemented in the coming months, is expected to add about 100,000 tonnes of annual capacity and eliminate another 6000 truck movements a year, a CentrePort spokesperson told Greenport: “Across the various CentrePort hubs, it is estimated CentreRail removes 30,000 truck movements per annum. Prior to the CentreRail service, all CentrePort log movements were by truck.”

GREEN OUTCOMES Although specific figures on the CO2 emissions being eliminated by the CentreRail service are not available, those numbers are expected to be significant – particularly given the steep and winding Rimutaka Hill Road the log trucks have to navigate on their journey from the Wairarapa to the port.

In light of current and projected growth in its log business, CentrePort is prioritising investment in both on- and off-port

26 | SUMMER 2019

8 Loading logs at the forestry rail hub and (inset) moving logs by rail instead of road achieves big reductions in emissions

infrastructure to ensure it is in a position to accommodate this, confirms the port’s spokesperson. “Log volumes through CentrePort have nearly doubled since 2013 – from just under 660,000 tonnes to the 2018 volume of just over 1.3 million tonnes. CentrePort is tracking to achieve approximately 1.8 million tonnes in the current financial year, with total volumes forecast to be around 2.5 million to 2.8 million tonnes in the next four-to-six years. Investment into the Wairarapa service has focused on increasing the land capacity of the Waingawa log hub. That work is expected to be completed by March 2020.

“CentrePort is investing in its hub network to continue to enhance logistics supply chain solutions for customers.

Investment in hub expansion/development is ongoing in the Wairarapa, Manawatu, Whanganui and Taranaki, covering a variety of cargoes. The log industry is forecast to continue to grow for several years and CentrePort is anticipating the demand for a logistics chain solution for customers.”

It is understood that KiwiRail is to introduce 200 new log wagons to its New Zealand fleet by the end of the year and is also converting a further 100 container wagons which were nearing the end of their useful life, to carry logs.

The CentrePort initiatives align with the New Zealand Government’s moves to cut transport emissions by transferring freight from road to rail, and in particular funding viability studies into logging rail hubs in other regions.

Late last year the government approved a NZ$96 million investment in the Wairarapa rail line, of which NZ$50 million was for track infrastructure for Wairarapa and $46 million on the rail line south of the Rimutaka Hill tunnel, including double-tracking on a key part of the line, to allow trains to pass in opposite directions. Freight will be the main beneficiary of this investment.

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PORTS SEIZE OPPORTUNITIES PRESENTED BY DRONES From inspection of equipment to deployment in emergencies, drones have already become part of the scene at ports worldwide. A new capability, that of sniffing out illegal emissions, is propelling drones to the forefront of environmental protection in ports and beyond.

In particular, this new feature available to drones is expected to be of value in enforcing the new sulphur limits that kick in from January 2020.

The Netherlands is developing a ‘super drone’ that will see drones patrol port areas with the capacity to travel more than 10 miles from shore to enforce the new rules. In the Port of Rotterdam, the drones will complement the work already being done by existing ‘e-nose’ (electronic nose) installations, which capture data on emissions in the port.

Hong Kong is also testing technology to sniff out air pollution.

In a report by Bloomberg, Professor Zhi Ning from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology as saying: “It takes only two to three minutes for us to finish one scanning of the plume of one ship…We hope to have this joint effort between Hong Kong and Shenzhen for the Greater Bay area.” Evidence from the drones will be used in court to prosecute offenders.

Last summer, the Norwegian Maritime Authority (NMA) conducted sulphur testing using a drone. Describing the testing as “a great success”, the NMA has announced plans to purchase three new sulphur sensors as part of its cooperation with the Coast Guard and the Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority.

The equipment will be used to detect illegal emissions, improve oil pollution control and help with rescue work. Norse Asset Solutions has been awarded a contract in this regard, with a value close to NOK 14 million. According to the NMA, “It is a framework contract giving the government agencies as much as five drones and specialized equipment. The new drones will among other things, be used to measure sulphur emissions in the exhaust from ships.”

Thomas Angell Bergh, Head of Section for Inspection, Audit and Emergency Preparedness, commented: “Sulphur emission control of exhaust will now be expanded to a larger geographical area than today, and the control will become more effective.”

The Danish Maritime Authority (DMA) has also deployed a large sulphur-sniffing drone in its coastal waters. In April, a drone supplied by the European Maritime Safety Agency conducted its

Photo: Wilhelmsen

Sustainability in ports is receiving a boost from the emerging technologies associated with drone aircraft. Michele Witthaus reviews some recent developments

first ‘sulphur mission’, entering ships’ exhaust gas plumes to register the amount of sulphur in the fuel. The data sourced in this manner is immediately available to Danish authorities, who can follow up if a ship does not comply with the requirements. The drone will operate in an area north of The Great Belt, which is used by large tankers on their routes to and from the Baltic Sea. The DMA said that “the project will contribute to a more efficient enforcement of the sulphur rules, thereby ensuring fair competition for shipping companies and less pollution from ships.” The drones will support the work that the DMA already does with ship inspections in Danish ports.

8 Wilhelmsen Agency by Air Project - Airbus Skyways Drone Lifting Off

Drone drops In March this year, Wilhelmsen, partnering with Airbus, launched the first use of drone technology for the delivery of small, timecritical items to anchored vessels in port.

The groundbreaking move came in the form of a shore-to-ship pilot project in Singapore.

The first Airbus Skyways drone took off on a 1.5km flight from Marina South Pier to

28 | SUMMER 2019

Eastern Working Anchorage in Singapore, to deliver 3D printed consumables from Wilhelmsen’s onshore 3D printing microfactory. It successfully deposited the package on the deck of Swire Pacific Offshore (SPO)’s Anchor Handling Tug Supply (AHTS) vessel, M/V Pacific Centurion and returned to base within ten minutes.

Marius Johansen, VP Commercial, Wilhelmsen Ships Agency, said: “The now proven, seamless operation of drone deliveries from shore-to-ship, in one of the world’s busiest ports, proves the hard work, investment and faith we, and indeed our partners, placed in the Agency by Air drone delivery project over the past two years was not misplaced”.

For the latest news and analysis go to www.greenport.com/news101

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