REINFORCED EARTH
retaining walls on unstable ground
GRAND UNION CANAL, WATER EATON - MILTON KEYNES Consulting Engineers: Pell Frischmann Main Contractors: Jackson Civil Engineering
maxit LWA LIGHTWEIGHT FILL FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING
Special coping brick as specified by BWB. Parapet wall (connection detail by retaining wall system designer).
1m thick 6N capping layer including 150mm topsoil.
Footpath.
Geogrid ground reinforcement.
Lightweight aggregate fill. Brickwork facing. Base block bedded on nom. 20mm. mortar bed to achieve line and level. Mass concrete strip foundation.
CONSULTING engineers for a prestigious new footbridge over the Grand Union Canal devised an innovation solution combining maxit LWA lightweight aggregate and Tensar geogrids to solve soil stabilisation and access challenges.
maxit
LWA
LIGHTWEIGHT FILL FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING
Designed for client English Partnerships, with Jackson Civil Engineering as main contractors, the new 22-metre span elliptical brick arch bridge provides pedestrian access to homes in Milton Keynes. The brick-built bridge, which echoes the style of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, presented the consulting engineers Pell Frischmann with major challenges due to unstable soils surrounding the canal and the far bank of the canal being directly inaccessible to heavy plant via a sensitive residential area. Drawing on previous experience of maxit LWA and combining its use with Tensar geogrids and wall blocks to create reinforced earth retaining walls on each side of the bridge, Pell Frischmann utilised maxit LWA not only as lightweight embankment fill but also as the stabilising backfill material for use with the Tensar reinforced soil wall system. It was the first structural application in the UK to use this combination of materials.
maxit LWA’s weight – typically 75 per cent lighter than traditional crushed aggregates – met the requirement for lightweight bulk fill behind the bridge abutments and wing walls. It also solved the challenge of ‘delivering’ material to the eastern bank of the canal by enabling some 2,000m3 of material to be pneumatically ‘blown’ for 39 metres across the canal from the west bank to the point of use, resolving the access problem, minimising the need for trucking and spreading plant on the eastern bank and contributing to a reduction in contract costs as a result. While the bridge abutments are piled, the use of the lightweight fill reinforced soil structure allowed the wingwalls to be founded directly upon the existing ground without ground improvement or piling.
20 dia. stainless steel Lightweight foamed sleeved dowels. 20 dia. stainless steel concrete fill. ties between spandrel walls. Brick faced, precast concrete retaining wall system. 20 dia. stainless steel ties between pilasters. 150mm Type 1 Granular Sub Base.
Soil reinforcement as tie to propriety retaining wall system. 6N capping layer to all embankments (1m thick including topsoil). Lightweight aggregate fill material.
150dia, Back of wall drainage.
Simon Griffiths, Pell Frischmann’s Project Engineer commented,: “For these spans few of these solid brick arch footbridges have been built since the heyday of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, so it is entirely in keeping with the Grand Union Canal. It is also a first combination of maxit LWA aggregate and the Tensar Wall System in the UK, a solution that should have many applications in locations with poor non-loadbearing soil structures as it was at this site. Besides easing access difficulties, the Tensar/ Maxit solution was ideal as it required minimal foundations thereby reducing the use of hard construction techniques. Testing by Tensar and maxit demonstrated the validity of using LWA in place of conventional fill materials.”
Some 3,500m3 of maxit LWA, in 10-20mm grade, was delivered in phases over a three-week period with material “blown” into position for the eastern side of the canal and the remaining 1,500 m3 tipped into position on the western bank. Behind the wingwalls the material was placed in layers, combined with the geogrids to meet the specification for the Tensar Wall System. Minimal compaction was required.
maxit LWA Ltd The Heath, Runcorn, Cheshire WA7 4QX United Kingdom Phone: +44 (0)1928 515656 Fax: +44 (0)1928 576792 Email: sales@maxit-uk.co.uk
www.maxit-uk.co.uk A maxit Group company
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