Location, population, language and climate Culture Religion Ancient Architecture and Innovative Architecture
LOCATION, POPULATION, LANGUAGE AND CLIMATE It is placed between Asia and Europe. In the Asian peninsula it occupies 97 % In The European part occupies 3 %. His coordinates are 39 00 N, 35 00 And it occupies a total area of 780.000km2 Turkey has an approximate population of 70.000.000 inhabitants; approximately, 41 % lives in rural zones. The greater concentrations are in Istanbul and Ankara. His language is named as Turkish language, whose alphabet contains 29 letters, 21 consonants and 8 vowels. Typically Mediterranean climate, with warm summers and soft winters. The season of baths goes from June to September
CULTURE The Turkish culture has experienced a deep transition from his beginnings up to the westernization, which began in the last epoch of the Ottoman Empire. This westernization is observed in his big cities, Istanbul and Ankara.
It is a country in which two big cultural currents are mixed, Islamic and European
Some Turkish traditions are: The known Turkish carpets woven of handcrafted form using wool, cotton or silk. The hammam (the Turkish bath), which is an evolution of the Roman baths. The Turkish bath is used for relax and has three phases in three rooms.
The narquile, a relaxing pipe of water very estimated in Turkey, which it is possible to smoke for several hours, and is in the habit of being offered in coffees. The nazar, an amulet of evil eye that is in use to avoid the envy and the bad feelings.
Religion Between the religious practices of the different tribes the worship stands out to the divine stones or aerolites, falls of the sky. Together with the protective gods of the different tribes, three divinities are know We know the sacrifices, in general of camels, which take place in certain epochs of the year in the tribal sanctuaries. The public inspectors were meeting in them, the head was cut and eat the camels’s meat. The Prophet of the Islam, Mohammed or Muhammad, is called also Ahmad in the Koran. The doctrine preached by Mohammed it was gathered in the Koran, sacred book of the Muslims and in the set of the Sunna or Moslem Tradition.
Islam is the largest religion of Turkey. More than 99 percent of the population is registered as Muslim, however, a 2007 survey found that about 3% of adults define their relation with religion as "not believing in religious obligations" The Shia Alevi community, a distinct Muslim sect, make up 20 percent of the population. Christianity and Judaism are the other religions in practice. Turkey is officially a secular state with no official religion since the constitutional amendment
In their homeland in Central Asia, Turks lived in dome-like tents appropriate to their natural surroundings, and they were nomads. These tents later influenced Turkish architecture and ornamental arts. Gok Medresse in SivasAt the time when the Seljuk Turks first came to Iran, they encountered an architecture based on old traditions. Integrating this with elements from their own traditions, the Seljuks produced new types of structures. The most important type of structure they formulated was the" medrese". The most important ones are the three government medresses in Nisabur, Tus and Baghdad and the Hargerd Medresse in Horasan. Another area in which the Seljuks contributed to architecture is that of tomb monuments. These can be divided into two types: vaults and big dome-like mausoleums. In Seljuk buildings, brick was generally used, while the inner and outer walls were decorated in a material made by mixing marble, powder, lime and plaster.
In typical buildings of the Anatolian Seljuk period, the major construction material was wood, laid horizontally except along windows and doors, where columns were considered more decorative. Turkish architecture reached its peak during the Ottoman period. Ottoman architecture, influenced by Seljuk, Byzantine and Arab architecture, came to develop a style all of its own.
Yapi Kredi Bank Academy, de TEGET en Estambul
Trabajo realizado por: María Tenorio de Alba Nieves Muñoz Rodríguez María Fernández Carbú
2º Bachillerato BH 2009-2010