SOCIAL FORESTRY INDONESIA A SOLUTION FOR CLIMATE CHANGE
GRASSROOT COMMUNITIES PRESERVE FORESTS Forests play a significant role in both climate change mitigation and adaptation. Sustainably-managed forests can reduce CO2 emissions and at the same time increase carbon stocks and biodiversity. Forests provide sources of livelihoods for communities who live within and around them. Numerous studies of have demonstrated that community-based forest management can reduce and even stop deforestation as communities whose lives are dependent on forest resources will have the most to lose when forests are managed unsustainably. When communities’ tenure rights over forested land are strengthened, they keep forests standing and restore degraded forests. Indonesia has the world’s third largest area of tropical rainforest, covering 67% of the country. Indonesia’s forests are important assets both to support the country’s climate change policy and economic development. Around 10 million poor communities in 25,863 villages located within and around forest areas depend their livelihoods on the forests. The government of Indonesia must maintain a strong balance between the priorities of economic development and poverty reduction with the mandates of climate change mitigation.
Forests comprise some
67%
of Indonesia’s land mass
25.863
Villages are located in and around forest areas
10.2 million
people live in and around forest areas
71.06% economic of these villages depend their livelihoods on forest resources
in 2015 the President of RI pledged
12.700.000 Hectares of forest land to be allocated for
SOCIAL FORESTRY “ To counter balance large-scale forest concessions granted to large corporations, the Indonesian government launch a Social Forestry Initiative, committing a total of 12.7 million hectares of forests for community-based forest management. The initiative is aimed to ensure economic livelihood for the impoverished-forest dwellers, including customary law and indigenous communities, and at the same time ensure that forests are sustainably-managed. The initiative recognised the rights of communities including customary law communities to run community-based forest management within state and private or customary law forests. �
VILLAGE FOREST
COMMUNITY FOREST
CUSTOMARY LAW FOREST
FOREST PARTNERSHIP COMMUNITY PLANTATION FOREST
Indonesia Social Forestry schemes recognizes ďŹ ve community-based forest management schemes : 1. Community Forests : Community-managed state forests 2. Community Plantation Forests : community-managed plantations in state forest areas utilizing silviculture method 3. Village forests : village-managed state forest areas to beneďŹ t village economy. 4. Customary Law Forests : customary law community-managed forests within state forests that have been recognised as private forests. 5. Forest Partnership : contractual partnership between communities with forest concessionaires to manage and utilize forest products.
COMMUNITY GOVERNANCE ACCESS
A New Directorate General on Social Forestry and Environmental Partnership within the Ministry of Environment & FORESTRY was established in 2015 The task of the new Directorate General is to develop and implement policies to improve community participation in forest management, addressing customary law forests and environmental partnership.
The above schemes provides permits to community-based forests management to cultivate timber and non timber products, as well as environmental services in forest areas.
NEW REGULATION ON SOCIAL FORESTRY AS GUIDELINE FOR COMMUNITY-BASED FOREST MANAGEMENT The Ministry of Environment and Forestry recently adopted a regulation on Social Forestry as a guideline to issue permits for community management of forests as well as to settle forest tenure claims by local communities and customary law communities in a just and fair manner for the welfare of forest-dweller communities and sustainability of forests.
THE MAP
FOR SOCIAL FORESTRY AREA (PIAPS)
http://pskl.menlhk.go.id/akps/index.php/piaps/peta
“ An important feature of the regulation is the recognition of the role of Provincial Government and the Forest Management Units that have integrated allocation for social forestry in their development planning.� If a Provincial Government has allocated forest areas within its jurisdiction for social forestry, it has the delegated authority to issue permits for community-based forest management. To ensure rapid provision of permits for community-based forest management, the regulation impose time limits for each approval and review steps prior to granting of permits. This allow a relatively short period of time for a community-based forest management permits to be issued.
The regulation introduced the Indicative Map for Social Forestry Area or better known for its Indonesian acronym PIAPS (Peta Indikatif Areal Perhutanan Sosial). PIAPS is an online map that describes areas within state forests allocated for social forestry and is aimed at settling conicts over forest tenure and support restoration of peatland and degraded forests. The map is developed based on harmonization of existing maps of the Ministry with maps provided by NGOs and civil society, as well as results of consultations with local governments and other stakeholders. The map is revised periodically to adjust to expired or new community-based forest management permits.
LINKAGES TO STRENGTHEN SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAMME The Multistakeholders Forestry Programme (MFP) 3 is supporting the Ministry of Environment and Forestry’s efforts to accelerate the Social Forestry Initiative by : Firstly, facilitating communities in participatory mapping and improving their capacities in sustainable-forest management, Secondly, by linking the social forestry initiative with landscape forest management by Forest Management Units that have been established by the Ministry as local level operators and managers of forests. The linkage between FMUs and the social forestry initiative ensures that FMU managers are well-endowed with skilss to facilitate local communities in sustainable forest management, in settling conflicts over tenures, in establishing partnerships with concession-holders or forest-based industries and in access to finance. Finally, by facilitating access to finance from the Ministry’s Centre for Forest Development Financing or better-known by its Indonesian acronym BLU-PPPH, through a revolving fund scheme.
PROMOTING CBFE & FINANCING INDONESIA SOCIAL FORESTRY
CBFM/ Tenure
LANDSCAPE MGMT BY FMUs
Partnership between FMU and Communities
Genesis helps develop a social forestry scheme in Bengkulu Province Genesis is a local NGO based in Bengkulu Province, Sumatra with a vision of “ensuring fulfilment of community rights to utilize forest resources in a fair and sustainable manner.” The NGO facilitates training on participatory mapping to delineate social forestry area in partnership with local communities in Bukit Makmur and Lubuk Silandak villages as well as the Muko-muko FMU. Genesis also provides training in sustainable forest management for both communities and FMU managers in business planning and finally helped to establish farmers groups in the two villages as the basis for community-based forest enterprises. Currently Genesis is facilitating the farmers groups in processing permits for their community-based forest management. With the publication of the new MoEF Regulation on Social Forestry, Genesis is hopeful that the farmers group will obtain their licenses as community-based forest management.
MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA