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TTIfE" lvlr'cllf;GAN'~ REVIEW .

Volume 12, Number 10

The Campus Affairs Journal of the University of Michigan

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February 16, 1994

Accusations of Racism in Pharmacology

BY CHRISTOPHER

BARRETT

A

LLEGATIONS OF RACISM have recently surfaced within the Department ofPharmacology as the Medical School of the University of Michigan conducts a grievance hearing to investigate purported racist actions perpetrated by a professor there. The hearing, conducted by a committee of Medical School professors, is closed to the public.

Dr. Peggie Hollingsworth is responsible for bringing the case to light. Dr. Hollingsworth is an assistant research scientist within the department and an African-American. In the fall of 1993, she appeared before the departmental promotions board in an attempt to become a professor on the tenure track.

She was denied the promotion. She then filed a grievance claim with the department claiming that the head of the promotions board, Dr. William Pratt, is a racist. Dr. Pratt, under advisement from his lawyer, would make no comment. Dr. Hollingsworth will make no comment on the proceedings until the grievance committee has finalized a report to the dean of the Medical School.

The other two members of the boa.nl, Dr. Margaret Gnegy and Dr. Jim Woods, both professors m the department, would not make any comment related to Dr. Hollinsworth's promotions hearing or her grievance hearing. Dr. Hollingsworth's husband, Dr. Charles B. Smith, an associate professor ofpharmacology, was recently withdrawn from a large research project that studies the effect of opiates. The project is di rected by Dr. Woods..

Dr. William Pratt is a distinguished veteran of the department of pharm acology who has received many grants and kudos for his research.

"I have the utmost respect for him.

He is a superb scientist" says Enrique Massa, a former graduate assistant in Dr. Pratt's laboratory.

3 What'.

Going

On?

What a nightmare: Trapped in the lJ-M's bureaucr8<¥.

In the Fall of 1989, Dr. Pratt was recommended to Massa by Dr. 'Thomas Landefeld, an associate professor of pharmacology, after Massa served a rotation in Landefeld's laboratory.

Massa, a Latino-American, was told that Dr. Pratt was a "well respected scientist." Massa then worked for Dr. Pratt for two years, but changed fields of study because his "interests changed" an.d the research that Dr. Pratt was conducting was no longer what Massa intended to pursue. Massa told the Review that he did not leave because of any personal conflict with his former supervisor or because of any racist actions on Dr. Pratt's part. On the contrary, "if 8l).yone went out of his way to help minority students, it was Bill," Massa says. A.ccording to Massa and other former assistants of Dr. Pratt who wish to remain anonymous, Dr. Pratt's only overt shortcomings are his

brashness and unabashed candor. Perhaps, Massa mused, he speaks with his heart too much, but "that doesn't make him a terrible person."

Because Massa left Pratt's lab prematurely, he fears that he is being used in the grievance hearing as evidence of Dr. Pratt's racism. He has been told that he is mentioned in the hearing, but is Wlable, however, to give his personal narrative of events or to offer a testament of Dr. Pratt's innocence to the committee. Even though he may be identified in the hearing, he is still unable to so much as gain access to transcripts of the hearing because it is closed to the public.

The Review has learned few details pertaining to the hearing except that the hearing committee was formed by the Medical School after Dr. Hollingsworth filed the grievance with , the department. According to Dr.

Landefeld, a witness in the hearing, the committee consists of three professors in the Medical School: Dr. Thomas Carey, doctor of otorhinolaryngology; Dr. Kenneth Koral, doctor of internal medicine and a research scientist; and an unnamed doctor in the Medical School who chairs the committee.

'The grievance procedure is outlined in a Medical School document stating that the procedure for a formal review hearing is "available when there is a charge that the Medical School or a department thereof has reached a decision concerning any aspect of an eligible grievant's employment that is manifestly unfair or illegal." As stated in the guidelin~, "[tJhe board is not bound by the Mes of evidence that are normally applicable in courts of law."

The review committee, once disSee PHARMACOlOGY, page 10 ....

Derrick Bell Speaks on Race

BY GREG PARKER

A

MICHIGAN LEAGUE Ballroom packed with a culturally-mixed audience greeted Derrick Bell with a rousing applause as he kicked off Black History Month on Wednesday, February 2, 1994. Bell, formerly a professor oflaw at Harvard and currently at New York University, has devoted the majority of his life to civil rights work, writing three books on the subject.

Recently, Bell wa s the subject of controversy stemming from his dismissal fromHarvard last year; he was unwilling to return to work after a twoyear hiatus in protest of Harvard's refusal to hire and tenure -minority women.

Bell primarily spoke on race relations and politics in the United States.

14 ~:Suite The selection of commencement speakers is flawed, but not as bad as miahtthink.

16

His views on race relations are neither revolutionary nor radical: he thinks that while racism can never completely be eradicated, it can be minimized with continued activism.. Bell also responded to people who link today's racial conditions with the past, stating that so many discriminatory obstacles have been surpassed that old conditions such as slavery - should be looked upon as "history" and not dwelled on.

Bell believes that it is irrational to give up trying to improve race relations because so many advances have occurred in recent history and many more are to come; one should not leave the table before "the banquet is served."

If Bell's views on racism can be cOIUlidered "mainstream," then his politiCS9re relatively liberal. In addition to bashing black conservatives, Bell commented on Clarence Thomas, saying

Interview: Sloan and Botterill

Hear from two freshman members of Michigan's #1 ranked hockey team.

I

IlO~:: Maoists are exposed once and for all.

that God placed Thomas on the Supreme Court so we all could be reminded of the path Thomas took to become a judge. 'Thomas is apparently demonstrative of the lurking temptation in us all to sell out.

Bell also touched upon other rightr wingers such as Pat Buchanan, saying that these conservatives sidestep responsibility to their constituents and tell whites to vent their frustration with government on blacks. Bell expressed his support for affmnative action - although he believes it benefits more whites than blacks, - and his hope for increased government employment programs similar to the New Deal.

On a lighter note, Bell once accidentally confused President Carter for President Clinton; after he realized his mistake, he wittingly called Clinton "disappoin1ment revisited." m

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February 16, 1994

THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

2

o SERPENT'S TOOTH Did you know that Ray Jackson and Jimmy King lead the team in steals?

In the January Esquire magazine, one

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The Campus Affairs Journal of the University of Michigan "We Are the Establishment" think." That means he really is the father of aU of Cuba.

are no bald, fat, and ugly women delivering the news." No, but there are short, annoying, whiny women delivering the news.

Last week, signs on campus read: Sexual assault is everyone's problem. Come to think of it, so is second degree retail theft.

ad showed model Kate Moss with the caption, "For just 39 centa a day., .you In Newsweek, Surgeon General can keep this girl, and other Joycelyn Elders said, "If! could be the supermodels just like her, alive." It 'condom queen' and get every young then gave a supposedly bogus phone '" p?rson who is engaging in sex to use a In an interview with Oprah Winfrey condom in the United States, I would number. The workers at a Houstonlast week, Rosanne Arnold claims that wear a crown on my head with a condom based business weren't amused at havshe has twenty different personalitie::l. on it. I would!" No need, a dunce cap ing their number given out Said one And we don't even like one. worker, "Funny, not a single call for will work just fme.

Rush Limbaugh."

A bachelor British lawmaker from the Bill Clinton, at a GM plant in ShreveConservative Party was found asphyxiSSRR. ..hmm .. .remove the R, add a port, Louisiana said, "When I was a ated last week He was discovered with U... USSR! a plastic bag over his head, an electric younger man and had a life, I owned an El Camino pickup in the '70s ...1 had cord, strung around his neck, naked, According to the Detroit News, Yukon Astrotmfin the back. You don't want to and a garter belt on him. Police have gold miners discovered a 26,000-ye&l'know why, but I did." We guess Bill yet to determine whether it was murold horse. Although no gold was fOlUld der, suicide, or an accident. Exactly always wanted to plaY on his own twf at the site, workers refused tolook a in the backseat. "what kind of accident invloves getting gift horse in the mouth. naked and putting a Ziploc bag on your In the March issue of Vanity Fair, when head?

In W magazine, Connie Chung said, asked how many children he had, Fidel "Men are allowed to be bald, fat, and Castro said, I :~on:t,hav~ a tribe. 'I,, ~na·aobbitt doesn't ~lay golf beugly, and still deliver the news. There Not that muCh. Fewel'tllkri a dozen ...1 . Cliuse she bas a ternl>le slice.

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I EDlTOR-IN-CHIEF: Nate Jalrison PUBLISHER: Aaron Steelman

I MANAGING EDITOR: James A. Roberts, II I CAMPUS AFFAIRS EDITOR: Rachel cardone FEA TlJRES EDITOR: Eddie Amer ASSOCIATE PUBLISHER: Eric Larson

"Well,

ASSISTANT EDITOR: Gene Krass MUSIC EDITORS: Chris Peters, Drew Peters CARTOONIST: Terry LMler STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER: Dan Krauss MTS COORDINATOR: TS Taylor EDITORIAL STAFF: Robb AIey, Dean Bakopolous, Chris Barrett, Dave Bogue, Toby BrevMz, ~ke Burns, Kevin CosIeIkl, Jim Eek, Erea Ford, ~ FC«i Frank Grabowski, Stephen Hessler, Chauncey HHchcock, Shea Kammer, Mohan Krishnan, Brent Lever, Nina Misuraca, Crusty r.tmcher, Yawar ~ad, Nathan tMptrj, Malliclo Ochoa, Greg Parker, Meghan Roekle, Eric Schnurstein, Peter Sclwteinsberg, Sieve Stanhope, Perry TlIorT1)SOO EDiTOR-AT-LARGE: Tracy Robinson EDITOR EMERITUS: Adam DeVore The I.fchig8n RevieW Is an Independent bi-weekty stu· denl-lOO journal at IheUniversly ci t.tchIgan. We nefther soicit nor ~ rroneIary donations from the Universly ci Mchlgan and we have no respect lor anyone who does.

Contribldions 10 the Mehlgan Review are tax~eductible ~,SecIIon 501 (c)(3) ci the lnIemal Reveooe Code. We ., Il1o hive no NIPICf lor till ~ or T~ HMq (or III¥ 0Che! while trash), or !hose 0/ you who are w~ about nuclear po«et'. The Review Is IQ aIfiIlaIed wti! arrJ poIiti<:a1 party.

DROVING PHOTOGRAPHER

by Eric Larson

f Janet Reno competed in the Winter Olympics, \

which event would it be?

SyFarley Sophomore, LSA "Curling, because she means absolutely nothing."

Unsigned ed.orials represent the opinion ci the editorial board. Ergo, they are uneqlivocably correct and just. You needn't attef11lllo disprove the logic that went into their formation, for you cannot. Signed articles and cartoons represer«ihe opinions 0/ the author and n~ necessarily those ci the Review. The opinions presented in this publ~ cation are not necessarit)' those 01 the advertisers or the UnivefSity ci t.tchigan. We welcome letters (from those who are Ikerate) and articles and encourage comments about the journal and issues discussed in ft. FlaItery is looked upon kindt)', while sucking up isot Please address aD subscription inquiries to: Circulation Director clo the Mchigan Review. All advertising inquiries should be directed to: Publisher clo the Mchigan Review.

Jordan Skolnick J u nior, Business "The luge, becau.se she's a luger."

EDITORIAL AND BUSINESS OFFICES; SUITE ONE 9t 1 N. UNIVERSITY AVENUE ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-1265

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TEL (3t3) 662-1909 FAX (3t3) 93&-2505 The_Michigan_Review@umcc.umich.edu Electronic discussions on MREV:FORUM on MrS Copyright e 1994, by The Michigan Review, Inc. A!! rights reserved.

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Dan Bloomfield Sophomore, Chemistry "A goalie, because fd like to see her get hit with a bunch ofpucks."

Tom Ruffo

Junior, Engineering "Figure skating, because she needs someone to club her in the knee."

"We're all Keynesians now."

Richard Nixon "We're all Westerners now."

Dinesh D'Souza

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3

THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

o WHATtS GOING ON?

Honest, the Check is in the Mail BY

TRAcY RoBINSON

A

FUNNY TIIING HAPPENED to me last spring. I was at CRISP, tlrlnking that I had a pretty good time slot and anticipating that all my classes would be open, since I had checked their availability on the computer that morning. I waited in the orderly line for about half an hour, and was finally ushered into the room along with everyone else. I didn't really mind the impersonal attitude of the workers there; after all, I just had to go through the ordeal one more time before graduation.

I impatiently waited as the woman at the computer typed in my requested courses, and then held my breath as she hit the "enter" button. A few seconds passed. .. and then it happened.

"I'm sorry, your requests didn't go through. It appears you have a hold credit," she told me.

This is one of the worst th.inga anyone could poasibly tell yoU at 8:80 a.m.

• Are you BUl'e?" I asked, knowing that if my parents had been unable to pay the bill, they would have given me some kind of warning.

'Yes, I'm sure," she said condescendingly. "You'll have to step over to the campus phone and call Student AcCOllllts and get this straightened out."

So over to the campus phone I dejectedly trudged. And I waited for the other desperate soul who was going through the same thing to finish using the phone. Then I dialed the number, which the CRISP people displayed prominently on the wall.

"Thank you for calling the University of Michigan Student Financial Operations Office," a monotonous voice droned. "If you are calling from a touchtone telephone, please press 1 now."

From that point on, I pressed various buttons lllltil I reached a real live person who confu-med that, indeed, I owed the university over $5000. Distraught, I left Angell Hall and headed home to confirm the unbelievable situation with my parents. My father assured me that he had paid the tuition bill weeks before, and what's more, had the canceled check to prove it.

So I called up Student AccoWlts again, this time telling the operator to check her computer again, or the university would be hearing from my law-

yer.

"Hold on," she grunted. "Oh yes, it looks like we do show that payment has

Tracy Robinson is a senior in political science and edito~t-large of the Review.

been made."

"Well then, will you remove my hold credit - I was supposed to CRISP this morning," I replied rudely.

"OK, it's clear now. Your account is updated."

"Can I go CRISP then?" I asked.

"Yes," she said, and hllllg up. No "Sorry about the inconvenience" or anything. Oh, how I love bureaucracy.

When I returned to CRISP, it was 5 hours after my scheduled time, and I only got into two of my five classes. I wanted to sue somebody, but I didn't know who, so I did nothing and chalked it up to experience.

From that point on, I kept my wonderful bill-paying experience in mind each time I had to deal with the University and money. I got rereipts for everything, and checked my student account balance frequently.

When I found out last term, the day before I was acheduhlato CRISP for the last time, that I once again owed the university over $5000, I was not surprised. I was prepared for the situation, and called up myoId prus at financial Operations . . "'This happened to me once before,'" I said, "and that time the check had been rereived, but there was some mixup. Could you please check again?" I politely inquired.

"No, we do not have a record of payment."

After checking with my parents, who assured me that they had sent the payment in at least two weeks before, I decided it would be more useful to speak to someone about the problem, but not on the phone. So I went over to the LSA building where tuition payments can be made and argued in person.

After explaining my predicament, the woman there told me that once the checks are received it (in Detroit, not Ann Arbor) can take from 7 to 10 days for them to be processed. The best method of payment, then, was to avoid the U.8. Postal Service all together and pay in person on campus.

After contemplating my options I had to CRISP at 9 a .m. the next morning - I asked the woman, "So, basically, I have to pay you now, even though my other check might be processed by tomorrow, right?"

"Yes," she replied.

"And what happens if I bo.u nce a check?" I asked, thinking that it was a ' daring question, because she might refuse to take my money if she knew it wasn't covered.

"There will be a $20 fee for processing, as well as any additional fees your baD;k will charge you for the returned

weaseled out of it. "We will not know if you write a bad check," she repeated, winking at me.

So I wrote a bad check to the University of Michigan for $5090.57 the , next morning at 8:30 a .m., went and CRISPed at 9, and went to the bank and canceled my check by 9: 15.

The whole ordeal cost me $20 for writing a bad check to U-M, $17.50 for canceling the check at my bank, plus hours of wasted time trying to track down my exact fin~cial status.

And what did I learn from this experience? A number of things: Ifsomething can go wrong, it will. The U.S. Postal Service is unreliable. Waiting in lines is a waste of time. Dealing both with students and bureaucrats ftl'OWld CRISP time should be avoided 88 much . as possible. Pay your bills in person.

'Threaten to call a lawyer ifnecesaary.

What do you mean I have a hold credit?

Computer records are occasionally faster; but 110t more reliable than other · .check immediately," she replied, nodding her head. means. Nexttime, go to a smaller school. where people know you, trust you, and "So you're recommending that I go out of their way to help you. bounce a check?" I asked, wondering if she would Bay it that bluntly. . ' That's quite a bargain for $5000, . , But, like a typiCal bureaucrat, abe don't yOu think? Ml check," she answered, appearing bored.

"So basically my options are to wait for the check to get registered, which may not happen until next week, or to bounce a check."

"We will not know if you write a bad

GO I3LllE- GO ULRICH'S Mcin Bookstore: . 549 East Untverslty Art aElectronics: 1117 South Uriversity Ann Arbor, MI481 04 313-662·3201

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THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

oFROM SUITE ONE It's The Process, Stupid

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February 16,1994

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ONTROVERSY SURROUNDS RACKHAM STUDENT DENNIS Denno's attempt to bring Dr. Jack Kevorkian to speak at the University of Michigan's Commencement on April 30. Denno, founder of the group Students for Kevorkian, told the Review earlier in the year that the process of choosing a commencement speaker is unfair due to the lack of student involvement.

While Denno's campaign may have brought needed attention to the subject of Kevorkian and Michigan's laws against assisted suicide, the real issue - the process of choosing a commencement speaker - has remained veiled.

Denno went to a Michigan Student Assembly (MSA) meeting in January and asked if it would be possible to invite Kevorkian to speak. Since that time, there have been numerous articles, letters, and editorials on campus about this topic.

'The process of commencement speaker selection, however, has never been explained, although Denno has repeatedly complained to the press that the process is unfair and lacks student representation. While he has stated that the selection of commencement speakers is "another example of a public university making decisions in private," in reality, two students sit on the selection committee.

Commencement speakers are chosen by the Honorary Degree Committee, a branch oftha Board of Regents. This committee has a revolving list of possible speakers. The list changes as the years pass, and it revolves because there must always be candidates whom the committee can fall back on case of an unexpected cancellation. In order to be included on the list, a prospective speaker must be sponsored by a professor who presents his case before the board by collecting recommendations and performing a background check upon the proposed speaker and honorary degree recipient. After that, the committee voteS' on whether or not the nominee becomes a part of the list.

The Honorary Degree Committee consists of seven University Senate members, one faculty member from either the Flint or Dearborn campus, two u:ni.versity alumni, the pNY'Oltfor·Stttdent Affaira,·· The Vice ·PtUtdent"()fDeVeldpm~nt;"'" President James Duderstadt. and the Dean of the Rackham School of Graduate Studies. Homer Rose, Dean of Rackham, is the current Chair of the Committee.

There are also two student representatives on the committee: Stephen Stark, an LSA Senior, and Karen DeGannes, a Rackham student. Every panelist has an equal vote, except Rose, who supervises the process. While student representation on the group is small, the students do exist, contrary to popular perception. DeMO told the Review in January that there were no student members on the panel. 'This statement led us to wonder, who are these students, and how did they get on this committee?

At the beginning of the year, MSA submits ads to the Daily W publicize the University committee positions that are open. Applications for the various positions are available at the MSA office for several weeks, and all students are eligible to apply. It is a general application process, and for this particular position, the MSA Campus Governance Committee evaluates each application and submits th& names of four students to President Duderstat, who subsequently chooses two students to serve as Honorary Degree Committee members.

While the general student body is not able to openly vote on who they would like to speak at commencement, the process appears to be relatively fair. Moreover, this information is made public, so if Denno truly wanted Kevorkian to speak at Graduation, he should have researched the process before condemning it.

Granted, some thin~ ~uld be changed in regard to choosing commencement speakers. For example, there could be more student representation. If half of the board were students, the possibility of a block vote by the administration would not exist. Students as well as professors should be able to sponsor a nominee for the list, possibly through a petition system. If students are able to put together the proper documentation and a strong case in support of a speaker, they should be allowed to present the nomination to the board. Moreover, information about openings on the committee should be made public, and should be mailed to all students.

While changing the Regental Bylaws may be tedious, the controversy DeMO has created within the university community is evidence of an unsatisfied student body. Yet the efforts to change the CWTent system have not been thorough, have focused on Kevorkian instead of the general issue, and, as a result, have not been taken very seriously. MSA did not pass a recent proposal to place a referendum in favor of Kevorkian speaking on the ballot in the student-wide MSA elections in March. MSA made the right choice; its members knew at the time that the issue was not solid. If students truly wish to change this system, they should not state a name and demand that he speak; rather, change the system first, and then choose a speaker. Mt «<>.'~~"'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''>''<''''''><''.-

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o COMMENTARY An Open Letter to the ·· D 1 J d. ·~~,~~<.i;~;aJl~.~~lj"i"'·.f"'.':A;:~j,.ii'i)".'l\\,'" StM.·d . . . ;.~n:t. ,;·.;.",;,i,M.#,

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Dear Members: 'Those of you who neglected to attend the "highly recommended but not mandatory" February 4th meeting for amending the Statement of Student Rights and Responsibilities (SSRR) made a grave mistake. Due to your absence, the meeting could not serve its purpose ofconsidering amendments to the SSRR. This is extremely unfortunate. Many proposals voiced at the meeting, especially those voiced by the Michigan Student Assembly, would have limited the tyrannical power of the administration and returned power to the students.

Fifty panel members are chosen randomly at the beginning of each academic year. Their obligations are to attend a training session and make occasional appearances at meetings.

How is it that only sixteen showed up . that night? Only 26 people are needed for a quortlIIl,. Those of you who failed to show up have no excuse. Did you not realize the power you possess and the importance of these meetings? Now, because you failed to live up to your duty as judiciary panel members, all of us are suffering. The student body at the University of Michigan has no voice in a matter that is extremely controversial and important, and relevant to all of our lives. Your lack of responsibility and concern for these issues that you were chosen to defend mocks the integrity ofth~ student body.

The SSRR restricts student's rights ¥"'-'='~~\",*,"""""'"::"'''''''''

and responsibilities without their consent. 'This was our chance at change, our chance to make the system a little bit more democratic, maybe even a little more American. You must like the administration having complete power over your lives. Do you enjoy living powerlessly under Dude's rule? Do you not mind being subject to the every whim of the administration, without having a say of your own?

The Board of Regents now has the power to change the SSRR, and they can do it without our input. If a quorum had been met, the proposed amendments would have had a stronger likelihood to make an influence on the Board's final decision. 'This is just another demonstration of student apathy, which reflects on the rest of us.

Without student input, how can the SSRR truly be a statement of our rights and responsibilities? As we see it, by faifulg to attend the meeting, you have demonstrated your lack of responsibility, which gives the administration more justification in assuming omnipotent rule. Perhaps you just don't care. There are those of us out here that do care, though. Learn this lesson well: cooperation and a sense of duty are necessary to remain free. Hopefully, you are not a part of the majority, because if you are, we look WWards a grim future.

The Michigan Review Editorial Board ;W;iiI4WiI~~

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THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

February 16, 1994

5

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Feminism: .A'New Approach BY

MEGHAN RoEKLE

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ODAY, THE TERM "ANTIfeminist" causes many people to think of an old-fashioned disbelief in the power of women, and a return to domestic life. This is not the context I choose. Instead, "anti-feminism" can simply stand for the power of the individual. This idea opposes the ambiguous "female" power upheld by many feminists , where gender presupposes a woman's individual mind.

According to feminist theory, empowerment from the mouths of "oppression" is the collective need of women. This empowerment, however, can only be supplied as alms, for the feminists allow subjectivity to neglect choice, including the choice to actively promote themselves. '!bus, by making men the driving force of their movement, the feminists have surrendered themselves and their posterity. The . myth of "oppression,,- emphasized by the mass media, and a retreat from individual goals have contributed to a "save-me" mentality ahared .:b y .t po. many women.

In its primary form, oppression means "'The absence of choice .. . enforced by a burdensome authority." Hence, by saying that women are oppressed, the feminists and many others are putting women into a double-bind. Women are subject to control by an ambiguous "authority," with their right to exercise free will forgotten . In reality, this absence of choice is not the case. American citizens have the right to choose their association with any given group.

Ayn Rand, (author of the Fountainhead and AtlU4 Shrugged), defines an "individual right" by stating, "A right is a moral principle defining and sanctioning a man's freedom of action in a social context." Consequently, "Any group or "collective,' large or small, is only a number ofindiviquals. A group can have no rights other than the rights of its individual members."

These individual rights are the greatest aspect of being an American citizen. Constitutionally, voting rights and the right to the pursuit of happiness hold true for every citizen. Objectively, there is no "absence of choice." It is true that most women do not hold the power positions, win the football games, or host the telethons and game shows, but they have the choice to do so.

College campuses, including the University of Michigan, are recognizable havens for feminist theories, yet I

MtWhan Radle ill a sophomore in LSA and a staff writer for the Review.

images. They exist in an objective realOne way the feminlsts have found ity without attempting to breach to lay blame for their lack of self-ronfiwomen's integrity or coerce them into dence is to attack the mass media. Telebehaving immorally. Take, for instance, vision, advertising campaigns, and the movie industry are said to be "oppresa beer commercial exploiting women's sive" by using women as sex bodies in bathing suits, or a dorm room wall covered with Playboy centerfolds. objects and showing them in Although these are disgusting ways to few power positions. There are present the female body, they are not three faulty premises within "oppressive." That is, they do not have this attack on the American media. First, the media's job is a causal link to every woman'~ individual choice to stay fully clothed. to reflect reality - to sell a Given that a woman assumes the ture. product or a television show responsibility of being an individual, T he through rational persuasion. there is an increased need to fight feminists use Ifwomen want to halt the sexuagainst factual biases. One should not "oppression" alized view of the female body, ignore objective facts. In many cases, . as a tool for the stereotypical dizzy blondes women are paid less than men for the gaining alms on sitcoms, and the lack Qf real same job. Se~ harassment and brufrom those heroines on the big screen, they Stop groveling and get to workl must start by changing their tal rapes occur on C8l1lpus. committed. with whom own reality and concentrating on self- . by acqUaintan~8 as .well as strangers. they are unwilling to compete. A Kay Cases ofsexism are <Xmti.nually brOught Leigh Hagan article based on feminist promotion. upagainstprofesm and T.A~. '!h1i}8e theory states, "Men are trained to be Second, sexualization is fairly reciprocal ill much oftodays.advertising. . crimes should be~y prosecuted, . dominato1'8, women 1:9 be subordinates.

No one is exempt,,, ,FU:rt.her, "To survive lFor instaI).ce, tp.e very eIijoyable Bugle . lawfully and trutbfully.'1he way to do this, however, is through intellect and in a misogynist environment, a woman Boy commernals.) The .human body logical reasoning. rather than an endsells, and the male body is being used must learn how to protect innate feles8 complaint of "oppression." )It more and more frequently ..'Third, there · lUAill~ .P9~eI1 froll)., a society designed . ~ destroy it." Marilyn Frye. in her essay is no need 1:9 identify with theee media entitled Oppression, wraps up her piece II .'

I by saying that society is ".. . a network of forces and barriers which are systematically related and which conspire to the immobilization, reduction, and molding of women and the lives we live." These women view the whole of society as a conspiracy against them, forcing their "immobilization." Women are not molded robots, but individuals creating their own future. Successful women obtained their positions through hard work, just as su~s:aful men have.

They took advantage of America's pursuit of happiness, and refused to a~pt need as their right to careers and opportunities.

When feminists hold need as their right to others' money or jobs, they are giving up self-value. A quote from Atlas Shrugged sums up this subjective mentality. "Whether your failure is just or not, whether your wishes are rational or not, whether your misfortune is undeserved or the result of your vices, it is misfortune that gives you a right to rewards." Misfortune, then, is the first premise a feminist accepts, which begins to undermine and eventually erodes her self~steem. Believing that one lives in a malevolent world where the only way to fulfill one's needs is through charity from random sympathizers is no way to lead a happy life.

Life is full of wonderful opportunities.

2 605 '!he last thing women should do is concen11'ate their efforts on blaming others for living their own lives. universities are the last places subjectivity and collectivized consciousness should sprout. Every student at the UM has equal opportturityto obtain books, classes, good gI1ides, and to learn. With this equal oppo r tu ni t Y , stu d en ts must work hard for their own sake and their own fu-

e Delive

The ~..

Backroom

he Review i looking for writ ers, copy editors d productio rsonnel.

If you are interested, weekly staff meetings :00 pm Sundays on th ird floor of the Michig League, or call 662-1 and ask for Nate.

The Backroom Church, A

741-8296

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THE MrcHIGAN REVIEW

6

February 16, 1994

o INTERVIEW

Freshman Players Speak Out n January 26,l994,.lAwe~

O

of the Review interviewed FraIamen BIDJut Sloan and Ja«m Bottrill oftke University ofMichiganHocAey Team. Sltxm, a ~ and Bot:Urill, a forward, are an integroJ. part oftM team, which recently clinched its second regulaJ.....6eason Central Collegiate Hockey A88OCiation title in three years.

MR: I'd Uke to start off with 'little bit about your backgrounds... now Blake, you're from Ilnois, correct? Why don't you t.. US how you got started playing hockey.

SLOAN: Well, my dad is originally from Canada... and as you know, Canada is the hockey capital of the world. When I W8s1ittle he introduced me to the game, and got me a pair of

skates. Ever since I can remember he's been a 008c:h. I used to go out and skate with his teams. As my hockey got more serious, he gave up coaching and followed me a little bit more because he never really had a chance to watch me play. U~untU 1 W~8 a Midget, whicl1. was probably age 18 or 14, I played ... right in Chicago. After that I moved to a school in Boston called Tabor Academy, which was a school with a very good hoclmy reputation and had a roach who I was very comfortable with who was willing to make me a better player.

Unfortunately, after my first year he was fired. It was a let down. I decided to stay at Tabor my next year because I felt my education would be hurt ifI 1e1t.

It didn't work out that well hockeywise, although I did ~ve a great year academically. So I decided to leave and I followed that same roach whom I origi· nally went out there to play for and played with a junior team called the Junior Bruins. That became a tuming point in my career because we played 80 many games and had excellent exposure. After I played for him. Michigan started to recruit me... and I thought, "Viow. Michigan, what a perfect opportunity..... This was my number one choice.

MR: Even over Maine and Lake State?

SLOAN: Maine didn't look at me and Lake State didIft talk to me... [Michi· gan] was the most ideal situation since my parents live in Chicago. 'Ibis is the greatest acad,emic and athletic place that I could possibly imagine. It's great.

hoclmy. I played h~yin WlDllipeg all through my careerpntil I was. 19 years old. I had to decide where I wanted to play hockey while my parents were always stressing academics. I had always wanted to further my hockey career so I ended up going to a prep school in New Hampshire, St. Paul's. I ended up playing two years down there. Academically things went fairly well: I was able to finish my sophomore, junior, and senior years in high school in two years ... with a few courses during the summer. So I was eligible to go into college after my junior year. In January of last year I declared myself a senior and starting looking at schools.

I visited Harvard, Boston University, and Michigan, and then made my decision to come here. .

MR: So you're relatively happy with your choice?

BOTTERILL: Oh y~~ ... because I came here so young, f wasn't sure how much playing time I would get. Especially playing withWJSkum and all,." such powemll players. .

Wiseman who got d.ra.fted in the 12th round. .. at such a young age when you're d.raft.ed, it's really tough to tell how things will tum out. But, like I said, it's a great honor to get picked and put it in the back of your mind.

MR: How does it feel being 17 and 18 years old and being such a key part of this Michigan hockey team?

BOTIERILL: Well, it's a great feeling and all, but you can't let it go to your head. You can't j\\St go aroood reading the papers all the time and look at how the team's doing so well, or how good you're doing personally. If you get too high or too low in this game it can affect your perfonnanoo so you just have to stay on a normal level. Sometimes it's real tough, especially when your team is doing so well, but somehow you've got to keep a normal level.

MR: Do you feel the same way, Blake?

we're better than that team." He feels we should play the same each night... and if we play under par he really gets on our case. Even with the Bowling Green game, he wasn't very pleased with the way we played ... even though most people would be happy with a win.

That's just the way Coach is. He wants us to play our best whether we get a win ora loss.

MR: How is the adjustment between your preYious leagues and the CCHA? Are the games more physical?

BOTIERILL: It's just the intensity.

Each game COoots more and nrore. Every time you move up in your hockey career the skaters get faster, the players get bigger, but the main thing in the CCHA is that it's so much qujcker, all the guys have good wheels, and there's fierce hitting. But the main thing I've noticed is that the skating is much quicker.

SLOAN: Being a defenseman, ifyou're not paying aUlanticm or you're DOt ready. any forward can bea.t you one on one. If you get tired you can't let it affect your

SLOAN: Yeah. I used to look at who was number one in the nation. and rd l ook at Maine· and oth er teams that

MR: About the draft, Jason, yours is comIng up because you're only 17, right?

mind ... our defensive coach says that our minds are attached to our quadriceps and that as soon as our quads get tired, our mind just goes out there. If you get tired on the ice, you can't let it affect your mind.

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BO ITERI LL: Yeah... my draft is in June.

MR: It seems that the defense has been having probiems ever since the Lake State match up. Is there any primary cause for this?

MR: Are you really excited about H?

SLOAN: No, I just think we've had'a couple of slack games. Thank God (Steve) Shields has picked up for us ... but it's real important that we play well, because if we don't play well, [the forwards] don't get opporttmities to score. We've just got to get the puck to them ... we've got the top four scorers in the league ... and they all can put the puck in the net, any night, any time. So if we just do our job, we're gonna score goals.

BO TI'ERI LL: Yeah, it's exciting to get drafted, but it's just another part of your career.

Even if I do get drafted, the pros are still a couple of years down the road. It's a great honor, but you're not really a step closer to the NHL. SLOAN: Speaking

for myself, I feel...

MR: Do you guys have any pre-game rituals?

I

it's a great feather in the cap, and I would have loved to . have gotten it just to put it in the back of my mind to say, "Hey, I was drafted," MR: How about you, Jason? and whatnot, but Jason, he's gonna be drafted in the top two or three rooods BO'M'ERII.J...: Well, like everyone in so it's a bigger thing for him. For a guy Canada, I just started out playing like [David Oliver~ .. or a guy like (Brian)

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BO'ITERILL, I listen to • couple songs, but that's it. Other than that, I

try to keep that superstitious stuff down, because I've seen that stuff af. fect my teammates.

BOBKALMBAWNIS

Forward Jason Botterill were the cream of the crop ... but now that I'm here, and playing at this level, it's just something'You have to be careful of Coach always keeps Us at a nonn. .. he doesn't put us up against each team and say, "we're better than this team,

SLOAN: It's important to get into a routine so you can concentrate on the game. Everyone kind of gets into their thing and does their own routine to

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~ebruary

THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

16) 1994

telp them prepare. dR: How much of an impact do the fans at fost Ar_ have on your game? Are you used i) playing In front of 7000+ fans IICh night?

JOTI'ERILL: Before coming here, it vasn't even close to playing in front of rowds like that. They just add another limension to your game because if /Qu're not ready or up for a game, any earn in this league can blow you away. 'rnd when you come onto the ice with 1000 fans screaming, "GO BLUE," it ~ts you really pumped up. And if you're lown in/the game the crowd can really ~ve you that boost you need, and that laS helped us out in a lot of situations.

top of one another and then we were number one.in the nation. I don't think we've really changed how we've done things. It just happened.

BO'ITERlLL: I think you have to step up your training a lot when you're first coming into university hockey, so over the summer, a lot of the other freshmen and I did a lot of weights and numing to make sure we were into game shape.

Whenever we have a good week ofpraetice when everyone's working, we play great in the games and that's just the key to our team. The work ethic is what's gonua make us su~ssful.

MR: What is Coach Red Berenson REALL Y like?

\'lR: Alot of times you guys get right in the rther teams faces. I'm sure a Jot of people rtOUld love 10 know what you're eayIng. Could ,OU share some of that wi1h us?

BO'ITERlLL: Well, you'd better not ~ut that on tape ... Gaughs). It's not ~ose to trash talking like you see in ~asketball ... but sometimes you just ilave to stick up for )')urselves and your teammates and you don't want to back d.own to an opponent. You don't want them to see your weaknesses.

BO'ITERILL: (laughs) Oh man, we gotta watch out what we say here ...

He's just an intense man who loves the game of hockey and wants to see everyone succeed as an individual at Michigan and improve each year they're here.

But he's also a man who has so much heart and dedication to this program, you know, being a player~now being a coach, he wants this progranttb suc~. You can see it in the practices.

Everything he does has such drive and int.ensi. . . ·ty. He has a. goal.•.. whichis.to see .

SLOAN: It's a lot of emotion, too. Ifit's a close game and you're driving to the net, sometimes you get in the defenseman's face. Or if someone is getting frustrated by Shields and starts getting rough, that's when guys like (Rick) Willis go in. Gaughs)

MR: I've noticed how Willis seems to almost be an instigator, and he can hit as hard as anybody. Would you say he's the moet aggretslve?

BO'fTERlLL: Oh, by far ... every shift he's non-stop action out there because he plays with so much emotion. He goes up and down his wing, hitting everything in sight. He's a big boost to the rest ofthe team.

SLOAN: It's really positive. Coaep. always says that every check creates a scoring opportunity. If you look on the tape, every time someone hits a defenseman, 'boom', the puck pops out.

So especially when [Williajs line is out there, they get a lot of scoring opportunities.

MR: How have your practices changed since you've been 11?

SLOAN: Well, we had a pretty good start, and you look at each weekend and the team you're going to play and prepare a different way for each game.

You know your assignments, and pretty soon we bad a bunch of wins piled on

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Michigan win a hockey championship ~d even a national championship.

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watching those'guys is great.

MR: How is next season going to look without MR: Is there one older guy on the team who has 'taken you under his wing', 80 to speak?

SLOAN: For me, being a defenseman, rd have to say it has been Steven Halko.

He always works hard, and he's jUst an incredible defenseman and a great guy.

He's gonua be a leader on this team.

BOTIERILL: The seniors this year have really come through and they realize they need to be leaders, especially with such a big freshman class, with nine IWW freshmen. Even the juniors are out there, like Willis, show us how to work hard in practice. Especially playing with [Wiseman] on the power play and being on a regular shi.ft., they've helped me out in a lot of instances on the ice. They've given me the leadership when I needed it, and rve got a lot of thanks to give to those guys.

SLOAN: Yo~'re nothing without your older guys and they've got to be there, they've got to lead the team. And we have such . a great leaders on this team.

All those gUys work so hard. [WISeman] and [Oliver] are probably the two greatest offense players in the league ... just

such guys as Wiseman, Oliver, Shields and all the other great seniors on this hockey team?

What is the outlook Uk,?

BO'ITERlLL: Oh, it will be a huge loss with them not being here, and anyone else who may not be here, but I think with the sophomores we have right now and juniors with the work ethics that they have. With sophomore (Steve) Halko already the leader on defense, and (Ryan) Sittler and (Kevin) Hilton, those guys are going to be great players. Then we freshmen, when the fu· ture comes, I think we're gonna be a very strong class. Hopefully we can be almost as successful as this year's senior class. It's gonna be tough to be compared to them, but that's what all of us are hoping to do. And then they're bringing in tough' new recruiting classes, lilte next.year there are going to be a lot of forwards, . and hopefully they'll bring in a top-ranked goalie as well. I know it will be a great 1088 without thenl..but they set a great foundation for us.

m

Calling A Greedy Capitalists The Michigan Review is looking for a few good business minds. We are in the process of expanding our business department, and we need some devout adherents of capitalism to make the expansion possible.

Positions available include: Circulation Director, Fundraising Director, Advertising Sales Staff, Future Publishers and Associate Publishers.

If you would like to become an active participant in the free market system come to our:

Business Staff Mass Meeting Sunday March 6, 5 PM The Michigan League, Room D If you have any questions or can't make it to the meeting call Aaron or Eric at 662-1909. ~---

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8

THE MIClnGAN REVIEW

February 16,1994

D INTERVIEW: ANGELA "BAY" BUCHANAN "'.:

Fighting-the Culture War

O

N FEBRUARY 2, 1994, A"8e14 "Bay" Buchana.n spoke to an audience in the BaUroom

of the Michigan Union. Ms. Buclwna.n wa.8 Treasurer of the United States under President Rona.ld Reagan. James Roberts of the Review had an opportu.nity to interview Ms. Buchanan after her speech.

MR: Many conservatives, yourseff Included, often use the phrase "culture war." What is this con1lict and how did it evolve in America?

BUCHANAN: The culture war really began thirty years ago. While conservatives were focusing on the foreign policy in the arena of communist dominance - we went around the world there were those 'in this nation who were focusing on our culture.

They wanted to turn it around, bring it down. They wanted to destroy the traditions that we know as the basis of our heritage. They have attacked us on numerous fronts. A few examples would be taking God out of sdlools, prayer out of seb.oola, the Oommandmeb.ta; ;th~ teaching of right and wrong. They talk about Columbus as an evil fellow, that he really mistmat.ed the people he found here rather than talk about him as a courageous explorer who discovered a hemisphere. They raise issues about America that are not inspiring, but are possible mistakes. They make them the center of the education to our young people.

I think what's imperative when you teach young people is to inspire, let them knbw who they are and who this nation is, and when you don't do that, it will cause division and friction within the nation, and we will fall apart. That is what the culture war's about.

We want to fight that. We want to stop the erosion of our culture. We want to make certain that our young people are proud of our nation. It is the fight for the soul of a nation.

MR: As of late, there has been a Yerf strong push, especially on college campuses, for mWt!cuIt\I'alism. What, do you believe, is the true agenda behind this movem«rt and how doee It affect American culture?

BUCHANAN: That is part of the culture war. Again, there is an attempt to break down society as we know it and what we're taught by changing what our children are being taught. 'Ihey'Ye targeted our children; it's clear that is what baa been targeted over the years.

And 80 now, in the universities, this multicu1tura1ism is creating, supposedly, a recognition for different people within America.

The key to a great nation is that the citizen's first beliefis that they're citizens of that nation, that here they are Americans first 'Ibis multiculturalism is sensitivity training; these young people are learni~g about cultures that are not our heritage. These children are learning about the negative aspects of our heritage, what the multiculturalists think is negative, and they are pulling away from being Americans. Multiculturalists see ~ us as a nation that has, in some way, . taken away their rights and trounced on their forefathers. They don't say we are a great nation, that we've brought people here for opportunities that give them hope. You should join us. Instead, we're bringing people into this country and then allowing them to build enclaves in this nation! separating themselves from one another.

The term. that I think is best used to describe it is we are moving toward a Balkanization of America. And ifit continues, multiculturalism, without questiMi; will cause us to go down a road which cannot be reversed. It will lead to incredible ethnic strife within this nation.

stepping for:ward and saying, "This is going down the wrong path. Let's stop it. Let's review it. Let's see ifwe can't do something better." The government is definitely responsible for a lot of the problems that you see in America.

MR: Do you believe that government has had a role In affecting American culture? .

MR: What Is the proper role of government in . relation to American culture?

BUCHANAN: The government has played a tenible role in what they've contributed to it, in many, many ways.

Just look at the arts. The arts thatthe government has been willing to fund are not uplifting. They are not grand or beautiful. They make a mockery of American beliefs. They are disrespectful to religious beliefs. The govenunent has supported this against the will of the people. They've done this through funding of the arts. It's true also in many, many other respects.

They've somehow reacted to scholarships and special funds for different people because of their ethnic background as opposed to because of their need or because of academic accomplishment.

Affirmative action, I think, has been extremely·divisive to this nation. At best, it should have had some type of clause in it so that it ended after a certain period of time so that people could become, in essence, mainroaded into the program. Once they were there get rid of it and let everybody have equal opportunity.

In the case of welfare, the government is absolutely responsible for the atrocious wel&re system that we have which has just destroyed American lives destroyed them, destroyed our com.m.u..

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nities, destroyed our inner-cities. What have we done? We've continued to feed it because we don't want to address it.

We just kept funding it rather than

Angela "Bay" Buchanan

DAN KRAuss

BUCHANAN: The proper role of government concerns what we know is good, what we know is wholesome. Laws cannot be neutral; whatever the law is, there is some overtone. So our policies should support that which is good, that which is wholesome, that which is wholesome and good for communities.

It should support families .

Our tax policies should help families that decide to have children instead of punishing them for having children.

The welfare system should be devised so it's short-term; so it encourages people to work and encourages people to take care of themselves and encourages people to stay together as a family.

And with the arts, if we choose to support art and fund it, if the government should be involved in that, it should be the finest and most honored art that we can all be proud of as a great nation. On all levels, if the government's going to involve itself in the personal lives of persons in the community, it should do it in such a way that promotes those values that we know made us a great nation.

MR: Many have accused cultural conservat1v. of being email govanment economicIIIy but big government socially. What Is your response to this accusation?

BUCHANAN: There is an element in the conservative movement - and I talked earlier about the splintering of the conservative movement - and this one element does believe that big government is good as long as conservatives are running it. I am absolutely opposed to that train of thinking. I finnly believe that government shopld be only involved in the business that the Constitution gave it the power to be involved in and that it limits its involvement in the lives of the American people to the extent that it can.

It should initiate less regulation, fewer taxes, fewer programs, and reserve such areas to states and local communities.

It should get out of the field of education; we don't need an Education Department at all. The states can handle that just fine. They can do it a lot better and a lot cheaper.

Government should move back to local, community, city~ state, and not federal.

It should be returned to what it used to be, what it wu intended to be, whkh1. very, very local to the extent that it can be. 'Ibis will be much more responsive to the people.

MR: What can Americans, especially college students, do to preserve American culture?

BUCHANAN: What's left ofit? I think college students can do a number of very good things. Conservatives can be recognized, be proud of your beliefs on campus because you will stand out.

Speak out in class - not in an antagonistic way, but in a thoughtful way that would attract people to listen, not just to be a hot-shot. I think what often is perceived by some, in regard to conservatives, is that we're not tolerant. We meet with someone who is pr~hoice and we say, "You're a murdererofchildren!" We're not going to make any converts.

I think what's important is that we respect their opinions. We recognize them to be different than ours and then we try to speak from our hearts as to what we believe. And if you are that way, you could influence anyone in the class. Most people at this age aren't sure, and if they hear a thoughtful argument that touches them, they could be turned - maybe not today, maybe not tomorrow, but maybe a little bit later.

And so I think you have to let the professors and other students know your strong beliefs. You can defend this nation as a great nation, and its heroes, our traditions to the full extent that you can and you will be a seasoned warrior by the time you gradUate. 'm WJiiIlilI!ii

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Ifebruary 16, 1994

9

MICHIGAl" REVIEW

o FEATURE: CAMPUS ARCHITECTURE "

Neo-Classic and Neo-Gothic BY

MIKE BuRNs

M

OST OF THE MAJOR buildings on campus were done in the neo-dassica1 style including Angell Hall, the Museum of Art, and the William Clements Library.

The Law Quad, however, represents the neo-Gothic style.This article will focus on the physical characteristics of these four buildings: why that particular style was picked and why it was deemed appropriate.

Angell Hall was built as the centerpiece of the Michigan campus and was the headquarters of LS&A until the present LS&A building was constructed. Recall from last issue that the classical orders and the whole of the classical .style was considered appropriate as the architectural equivalent of the liberal arts in particular, and all of academia as well. Angell Hall is an excellent example of noo-classica1. architecture.

The ancient Greeks defined the various architectural orders in terms of proportion. We find that the same proportion that defines the Doric order also defines the front of Angell Hall.

The relationship between the diame~.er of a column and its height in the Doric order is between 4:1 and 6:1. The relationship of these two at Angell Hall is exactly 6:1. In addition, the dimensions of the portico (essentially a covered porch) are approximately 2:1, which is the ideal for the total dimensions of a Greek temple - twice the width equals the length. The one concession made was to decrease the distanCe between the oolumns. Teclmically it should have been two or three times greater than it is now . To accomplish this would require that either more space be given to the project, which was most likely not an option, or that alternate columns be removed to obtain the COlTect proportion. This would have reduced the effect of the portico, making it seem flimsy and insufficient to carry the weigqt of the building.

With Angell Hall we see a combination of features which alternately adheres to the proportional system instituted by the Greeks and a manipulation of the system to acoomplish certain effects. The adherence to the Greek system has been demonstrated; but equally important is the manipulation of the system. The proportional system has been adjusted to give an impression of power and solidity. It has also

Mike BUrM i8 a junior in math and architecture and a staff writer for the ae,view. ,

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been adjusted to create a focus on the center of the building; which is amplified by the change from columns in the center to pilasters (a flattened column which is attached to the building) on the two wirigs.

This same kind of power is created on the fa~de of the Art Museum. What

strong and immutable at the corners where visually, and structurally, the support lies.

The vault allows for a particular visual impression which is not possible at either Angell Hall or the Museum of Art, or by the systems by which they were constructed. It allows the continuation of the wall, as well as a passage through the wall to the door. It is at once the inside and the outside, structure and lack of it, blockage and passageway.

What might begin as an intimidating and forbidding block of stone emerges as a light and welcoming fa~ade ..

WiUlam Clemen. Ubrary The style begins as a pseuder-Greco-Roman and structure of the Law Quad is far different. While the Greek style deals temple design is transformed by mawith' stI-u~ and division of space nipulation of ancient featUres. 'Ih~ greaf into identifiable units, the Law Quad is square pillars which flank the portico done in the n~thic style, which has are of Roman descent. Here they are as its conceptual essence the idea of paired with double columns, a feature light and the transformation of light which was popular in the Baroque peinto architecture. riod and later in the neo-classical peThe Gothic style of the 1200s had riod. The columns allow for the spacing its roots in the philosophical concepts of single columns yet exude the power of Suger, the abbot of St. Denis parish oflarger, more closely spaced columns. church just outside of Paris. Suger proIn the case of the Art Museum, they posed an architecture whose whole bapresent a strong and solid, yet almost sis was the reception of light Light was light entrance. It is a unique blend which gives not only the effect of an arcade in a very small space, but the contradictory effects of a solid edifice, as well as the presence of an entrance.

While lighter and smaller than Angell Hall, it is perhaps more powerful due to its compactness and ble nd of several characteristics and purposes into one space.

On the other hand, if we look at the William Clements Library (located behind the Graduate Library on S. University St.), the portico is done in a neerRoman style. This implies two characteristics. The first is the use of vaults, which are architectural equivalents·to tunnels (barrel vaults), or canopies (groin vaults). 'This immediately causes The Law Quad a shift in focus from the columns to the the essence of God and thus apPrQprivaults. The second is that the use of ate as the object of church architecture, vaults demands wider spacing of the because the whole structure was dedioolumns. As a result, the fa~de is much cated to God. The structure became not lighter and flows more smoothly into about the division of space, but the the rest of the building. The edifice is release of space from structural conlight and accessible exactly where it fines. Through this release, the light should be - around the door - and t

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could permeate the structure more easily. What this means in terms of the physical structure can be iIiterpreted as a radical extension of the barrel vault. (In fact, on the interior this is literally true.) Where the barrel vault opens the wall to create space, the Gothic further opens the wall to such an extent that the wall functionally ceases to exist. In its place are windows. Through an extended process of equivalent relations it could be said that from God one can derive knowledge. Basically GOO. is compared to various natural phenomena, in this case, light But God is also oompared to knowledge.

'The inklings of this comparison are found in the Gospel of John, "In the beginning was the Word; and the Word was in God's presence, and the Word was God.!> Ifthe Word' is understood to be on the level of divine knowledge, and therefore the genesis of all knowledge, then this is the first link of knowledge . to God. Later, John equates Christ with Light. As a result, the style which has God as its goal alsO has knowledge as its goal.

Looking at the Law QUad, perhaps the fll'Stthing one might notice, in relation to the buildings previouslyexamined, is the peculiarly small doorway. But at the same time, one should notice the huge expanse of glass. It is this glass arcade that explains the small door. If the style revolves around light, and there exist huge windows to accommodate the light, then what need is there for a big door? The whole objective of the building is to permit the entrance of light, not the entrance of people. People are secondary to the light as mere observers. Thus the fa<;ade is arranged to reflect a different ranking of priorities. . This translates into a far different visual impact. Ai3 opposed to the forceful and imposing stone edifice of Angell Hall, the Law Quad presents us with an extremely light edifice which almost floats on the base. So while both Angell Hall (and similar buildings) and the Law Quad are built in far different styles, they are both architectural representations of the same concept: knowledge: Mt ., . ,I " " ..

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February 16, 1994

THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

o PROFILE: CAMPUS LEFTIST GROUPS MIM: We "I{now Who You Are start, I observed a total of SIX people trickling in and out. One of them, an E'RE NOT TELLING officer of a certain right-leaning jouryou who's in our organinal of campus affairs, was hardly interzation, how many memested in any revolution. Joining MC007 was a lady with a nose ring (I'll call her bers we have, or what our short-term goals are. Now, how would you like to MCOU812), with whom 1 proceeded to join?" 'This pretty much sums up the have an intellectually stimulating disrecruiting pitch employed by the Maoist course on the basic fundamental principles ofMIM. It sucked.

Internationalist Movement (MIM), a campus (at least, ifnot actually "interFor starters, I asked her exactly nationalist") leftist group. It is one of what kind of revolutionary tactics MIM many such groups present at that worksupports. She immediately gave the ing class paradise known as the UniSendero Luminoso (Shining Path) of versity of Michigan.

Peru as an example.

Let's start from the beginning. Fly"Oh, so you support anned bands of ers were posted around most of Central terrorists roaming the countryside killCampus and some of North Campus, ing civilians?" I asked her. advertising a presentation entitled, "Yes, but this killing is in self"Berkeley in the '60s." This might not defense," answered MCOU812. "It's sound like a big deal considering the defending the people against a rep~srainforests of posters already plastersive capitalist system." Attacking ordiing the U- M. Taking a closer look, nary rural peasants is self-defense? It however, I apottedjust who it was claimseems QJ,ifthe leadership at MIM has ing to sponsor this "event": MIM. I never heard the oxymorons, 路"jumbo instantly decided to attend. shrimp," "Qigger half," or "pretty uglyl" You see, the articles in this Our next topic of civilized converorganization's wonderful newspaper, . sation.(at this point. :l~t&hold.iBY" ,: MIM Notes, are all signed with pseud- self back) was those annoying pseudBY GENE KRASS

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onyms such as MC12, MC0, and MC5 (like the band, the MC5). Wanting to see some human faces associated with MIM, as well as argue the futility of a working class revolution in the United States, I made my way over to the Red (coincidence?) Carpet Lounge at Alice Lloyd.

At first, I was quite surprised when the gentleman with the shaved head (TIl call biro MCO(7) representing MIM told me the movie was cancelled. That mean and nasty Pilot Program. at lloyd, backing out at the last minute, would not let them use the lounge on account of their not being an MSA-recognized group. Only when he told me that they have shown many movies there before did I begin to question their intent of actually showing anything. This is my fourth semester at Ann Arbor, and to date, contrary to MC007, I have seen nothing previously sponsored by MIM. I ended up interpreting the "event" as a chance to show up in public to try to recruit terminally gullible students.

Besides, a topic as innocuous as "Berkeley in the '60s" is bound to attract more people than the group's actual goal: "Kill the rich and take what they earnedl" For the first fifteen-.or-eo minutes after this presentation was supposed to Gene Kross is a sophomore in English and psychology and is an Cl88istant editor of the Review. He always uses his

real n.a.me: . , , ,

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onyms, as well as the overall secrecy of the organization. Here, I personally agree with the theory that what's being said is more important than who says it. The members, especially those in command, however, keep their real identities hidden from each other. Revolutionary groups often cite security reasons for employing this strategy, when, in reality, they only wish to cover up their miniscule memberships. Perhaps the group should change its name to Communists Anonymous!

Finally, I asked MCOU812 to explain the difference between Maoists, Trotskyists (apparently their archrivals), Lemnists, Stalinists, Molotovists, etc. The e"})lanation, as well as the fact that some people still actually support communism, went over my head. Some of the ideas in the sixteen-page booklet explaining MIM that she handed to me went over my head as well. '!he language employed by leftists in both speech and writing is typically wordy. That way, they probably think, their arguments will have the appear' .an(ie;>of being caJ.efu]]y thought out , masking the reality that they are des-

perate scrambles for an intellectual tone in order to convert people to a failed philosophy.

Before this encounter, I couldn't have cared less about MIM. Now, I hope the govenunent really is after them. Regardless of actual size, a group that supports terrorist activities and keeps their membership a secret is virtuallya magnet for inquiry. Hey, if they wish to paint a self-portrait of a group oppressed by the govenunent, they should be given what they ask for.

As for actual size, though, the evil capitalists need not worry. An ad in the latest MIM Notes admits-I am not making this up-that only 0.00004% of the United States population reads this rag. That, using very liberal estimates of the population, is a whopping 120 people I Maybe the Maoist Internationalist Movement in Ann Arbor is not so "internationalist" after all! )It

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friends have come to the aid of Dr. Pratt without a chance to properly defend as well. Dr. Irwin Goldstein, professor himself and has been left to fend for of pharmacology told the Review, "I himself as the administration washes itself of the situation, Ms. Baker from have known the man for years and 1 can vouch for the fact that he is not a the office of university relations asserts racist. .. he would not stand for it." Jesus that this is false, telling the Review that unnamed adniinistrators have inDe Leon, a student who served a rotation in Pratt's laboratory, also attests deed come the to aid of Dr. Pratt. Acto Pratt's innocence. Never did De Leon cording to a former student, Dr. Pratt, witness any overt actions of racism in whose wife is a law professor at Wayne Pratt's lab. "He is the one who cares the . State University, is contemplating filmost about students as a whole, reing a lawsuit against the university gardless of race," DeLeon claimed. claiming due process has been neglected Dr. 'Thomas Landefeld feels differin his case. ently, however. He, too, lobbied for a Although Dr. Pratt has been recpromotion in the fall of 1993. In ommended for tenure, he refuses to Landefeld's case he attempted to gain a sign, his tenure fonn . He told one student that he does not believe in tenure. full professorship from his present position of associate professor ofpharmaFurther, he says that tenured profescology. The promotions board denied sors are protected regardless of their Dr. Landefeld as well. Dr. Landefeld, a teaching ability and tenure ultimately Caucasian, has served until last year ends in the insulation of poor profesas a minority affaiTs representative to sors. This could prove to be a problem if the graduate students in the departthe committee files a negative report ment ofphannacology and feels that he with the Medical School dean; he will is well attuned to the needs ofmmoribe denied the protection accorded to a ties. He claims that he is a witness to tenured professor. acts of racism committed by Dr. Pratt Because Dr. Pratt .believes so and is considering filing a grievance strongly in upholding the integrity of with the department as well. Dr. the teaching and the research at the ULandefeld found it too early to remark M, he refuses to submit to the rules 01 on what he was asked or said within the the tenure system. This may prove to hearing. be his undoing.

Regardless of any aid Dr. Pratt's colleagues and students have offered him, he has still told some former stu911 N. University Ave., Suite One dents that he feels he has already been Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1265 found guilty of these purported crimes

Pharmacology Continued from page 1

pensed with their witnesses' testimony, has 30 calendar days to deliver a provisional decision to the grievant and the respondent. After that the board has 14 days to finalize their decision and to notify the dean or chairperson of the department as well as the grievant and the respondent.

Most within the administration of the U-M and the Medical School are unwilling to comment on the pf9ceedings in which the Medical School is engaged. This has been said to be a "delicate matter" that only relates to the Medical School. Lisa Baker, from the office of the vice-president for government and university relations , makes no formal comment.

This commission that could ostensibly determine Dr. Pratt's future has begun deposing witnesses and is still in the process. '!hose deposed include Dr. Stephen Fisher, an associate professor of pharmacology. Dr. Fisher asserts Pratt's innocence. He told the Review that the "accusations are unfounded in my opinion," Although he was told by the chairman of the department not to comment on the hearing specifically, Dr. Fisher would add that the "department has been seriously wronged" by the accusations.

Other longtime colleagues and

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THE MICHIGAN REVIEW

February 16, 1994

11

DMuSIC

Shonen Knife Cuts it Up

BY TRENT

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Knife survive?

Looks like they'll have to try to stay around on the strength of their music alone. Judging from the evidence presented on Rock Animals, this shouldn't be a problem. They still write infuriatingly catchy melodies; I dare you not to constantly sing "Catnip Dreams" to yourself after you've heard it a few times.

They still gleefully steal any riff that's not nailed to the floor; echoes of the Ramones and the Beatles permeate this album like their others, with traces of Nirvana and Kiss also heard.

This is not to say that the songs have not changed with their image. Gone are Elepqant Pao Pao and the Banana Fish. The only animals on this album are the intoxicated calico cat in "Catnip Dreams" and the unfortunate combatants in "Cobra Versus Mongoose." Where once the band said they didn't feel comfortable

REYNOLDS

HONEN KNIFE HAS NEVER

been taken seriously by the press.

Though they have been media darlings for some time, appearing in every magazine from Spin to S assy, attention usually seems to focus on getting laughs out of their limited En- Shonen Knife glish skills, or on Rock Animals their brightly col- Virgin Records ored matching outfits (designed by drummer Atsuko Yamano), rather than on their music.

Things have changed, though. The cover of their new album, Rock Animals, shows the trio dressed in black and shades of brown against a dull tan background. Instead of the three of them huddled together and smiling, their most frequent pose, the members stand separately with very contemplative looks on their faces. Their English has improved significantly as well only a couple of the lyrics are unintentionally humorous. They are no longer C'Ute and no longer funny. The press is sure to be displeased. How will Shonen

writing songs about love, now guitarist Naoko Yamano shrieks "I quiver baby, I need you" in "Quavers," the opening track They are still happy but there is a wistful tone not seen on previous albums in such songs as "Another Day," "Concrete Animals," and "Music Square" (an excellent acoustic ballad, also a first). Excellent production draws out the energy and enthusiasm of the tunes - a nice change from their good but overproduced last album; Let's Knife, or the we-don'thave-any-moneysoundof their first few.

Anyone who is disappointed that Shonen Knife is not as cute or happy as they used to be is missing out. Rock Animals is the best album the band has yet made in an already bright career. If there was any justice in the world, this record would make these talented musicians much bigger stars than they are now. That isn't likely to happen, and it is the world's loss. m

Course of Empire Gets Initiated

BY NATHAN MURPHY

C

OURSE OF EMPIRE BOASTS the normalline-up ofFtar, vocals and bass, but haf! not one, but two drummers. The result is a rhythm-heavy sound that adds a ritualistic, if not pagan, ambiance to their sound. With the I dual d ru ms Course of Empire coupled with I Initiation I grinding, guitar I Zoo Entertainment i work awi angst- ~ , ____ __.__ ----1 filled vO\.<.11s, tJle bmld is, to min a plu-i\se, pissed ofT or something The b rmd formed in 1988, and rose to the top of th e Dallas club scene . Initia tion is Course of Empire's second full length

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LP Vaughan Stevenson's vocals are in th e same vein as industrial-pop gw-u Trent Reznor, and the music is definitely an emulation of the Nine Inch Nails sound, but fails to achieve the same effed. Lyrically, Stevenson fails to back up his 'apocalyptic images' with any sense of power or depth. On "White Vision Blowout," the second track on the album, he belts, ~ Blowup all the

Nat1w.n Murphy is a 8Oplwmore in engineering and a staff writer for the Review.

tones. Graff's guitar slips in and out of monuments and throwaway the wreckthe mix, but adds little color to the ing balllEveryone's leaving when the black wall of sound that results from architect calls!The power of the the two drummers. His contribution, president's nothing at all ... " albeit small, is one of the more promisWith two drummers, one would ing aspects of the band. think the percussion would be twice as complex, and at least interesting, but the rhythm ----~ tracks are no more intrica te than what any able drUllliller could do on one set. Each song is ftlled with a basic tribal tom beat, above which is laid a simple bass and snare part - with a poorly mixed bass guitar only adding to the low frequency ru mbling , the songs ramble. Most of the low end is covered with a simple thrashing line that occasionally moves around Paul, Mike, Mike, Vaughn and Chad show off their to harmonize the dis torunimaginative taste in clothes. tion-soaked guitar lines.

Overall, Course of Empire has taken Guitarist Mike Graff utilizes a an idea and not realized its true potensimple monochordal technique that tial. Their sound could be much imadds to the monotony, only changing on proved by creating more complex "Sacrifice," the album's most promisrhythms with the two drummers, and ing tune. The guitar sound is thickly writing less monotonous songs. If you're distorted, and a faint Middle Eastern Trent Reznor fan, but don't like synths, a influence is noticeable. Graff is a cathis band may be for you; otherwise pable guitarist who ably manipulates them by. m pass feedback to create some interesting \

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David Gray Says it All

BY BROCCOU DAVE

ELSH-BORN DAVID Gray adds yet another feather to the developing singer-songwriter genre. Gray's lilting and sometimes raspy voice combines powerfully with poignant lyrics and rich melody lines. In people talk, he sounds great.

With songs ranging from powerfully mellow to painfully mellow, Gray combines mandolin and David Gray acoustic guitar A Century Ends rhythms over Caroline Records decent lyrics.

(There's some always hip Wurlitzer riffs tossed in on the upbeat tracks.)

Like most singer-ilOngwriters, he adds a nice twist to the or love song, ("Trees like bones, yellow windows! memories, thoms, oh and you") and he is one of the few to record a solid tune about getting drunk with his buds. ("My good friends spe~kIlike they did last~~! an4 las~ ;year's~}lst a blur/ thrOugh a head oftUll ~r.")

Reminiscient of the folk of Bob Dylan, A Century Ends is an enviable first effort, one that should vault David in with the likes of John Gorka, The Waterboys, Billy Bragg, and maybe even Dylan himself m

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