Focal Residential & Daycare Center

Focal Residential & Daycare Center creates a

dialogue with the elderly, children and the community. This will strengthen

pattern of residential development within the multi-generational center. The strong bond that is developed in the community will bring various social, ethnic and racial backgrounds to a cohesive gratification.

the neighborhood by establishing a

“strength lies in

differences, not in similarities�

-Stephen Covey

TABLE OF CONTENTS 000 Site Analysis Program Analysis Research: -Thomas Square -Aging in Place -Multi-generational analysis User Analysis & Case Studies 001 Midterm Preliminary Design 002 Final Design Boards Photos of Model 003 Appendix Vocabulary/Writings Vitruvian Man Sketching Workshops

Mike Daley ARCH 301-08 Architecture Design Studio I Professor Cowart Fall 2012

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Site Analysis

The site is located at the corner of 39th and E. Broad St. in Savannah Georgia. The existing structure originally was a supermarket. More importantly it was one of the first supermarkets in Savannah. This meant preserving the structure will be beneficial and significant. Also, the community that the site exist within is rich in culture and it would seem insensitive to disregard the community and the rich culture it offers. One of the characteristics found within the community was the arched roofs, which can bring the richness of the community to the proposed design. Another issue is creating openness and at the same time have a sense of defensible space. Creating openness will enhance the program for multi-generational living. The idea of diversity will be prominent and the openness of the design will be people of different backgrounds come together. The sense of defensible space is more aimed for the safety of the young ones in the daycare.

site plan

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Site Analysis

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Program Analysis

The idea was to sign . Through ated and with gap. The newly

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create space that would be the focal point of the dethe solid and the void there is a space that is crethose to shapes an effort is made to bridge the design structure facilitates the bridging of the gap.

Program Analysis

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Research

3.1 Neighborhood Redevelopment Plan Recommendation

General Development Standard

1. Preserve and protect residential areas from commercial intrusion and compatible land uses.

2. Ensure that conversion of residential structures complies with parking, infrastructure, and noise standards.

3. Allow compatible commercial uses (i.e. corner stores) in residential area without adverse impacts on traffic and parking.

4. Encourage commercial development on Bull Street and other established commercial corridors.

5. Encourage cultural and educational uses on Bull Street, in order to reinforce existing institutional uses.

6. Prohibit incompatible uses within the Bull Street cultural and educational lab.

7. Promote mixed-use development on 37th Street.

8. Permit alcohol sales in restaurants, but exclude taverns/bars north of 39th Street.

9. Permit taverns and bars only on a case-by-case basis.

1. To create and protect contiguous, active pedestrian street fronts, parking areas should be located to the side and rear of structures.

2. No parking area or parking structure shall be allowed in any required street yard.

3. The number of parking spaces for buildings with both residential and nonresidential floor space shall be determined by calculating the total floor area for each use separately and then applying the appropriate minimum and maximum requirements.

4. To enhance pedestrian activity, access and safety, the number of curb cuts should be kept to a minimum.

5. All lots shall front on a public roadway or private street.

6. Materials and equipment chosen for lighting should provide safe, convenient, and efficient lighting for pedestrians and vehicles. However, lighting that is too bright and intense creates glare, hinders visibility at night, adversely affects the night sky and wastes energy. Lighting shall be designed in a consistent and coordinated manner. Lighting fixtures should be integrated and designed to blend into the surrounding landscape.

7. The maximum height for directional lighting fixtures designed to ensure that no light is emitted above a horizontal line parallel to the ground) shall be 25 feet above grade.

8. Blinking or flashing lights shall be prohibited unless the lights are required as a safety feature (e.g. beacons on towers), or provided as part of temporary seasonal decor.

9. Lighting shall be oriented not to direct glare or excessive illumination onto streets in a manner that may distract or interfere with the vision of drivers on such streets.

10. Fixtures used to accent architectural features, landscaping or art shall be located, aimed or shielded to minimize light spill into the night sky.

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Research: Thomas Square

Aging in place

Aging and Your Home

Aging in Place is defined as “the ability to live in one’s own home and community safely, independently, and comfortably, regardless of age, income, or ability level.”

The years of an elderly life are considered their Golden Years - and they should be just that. Their work should be mostly of not fully behind them, their children are grown up and their lives should be comfortable.

The aging process is blamed for many problems seniors may encounter with daily activities. However quite often it is the home creates the difficulties. Most residential housing is geared to young healthy adults. Builders do not take into account age-related conditions such as reduced mobility or limited range of reach. Hence, dwellings do not support the physical and sensory changes that older adults encounter as they age. What appear to be insignificant home features can have significant effect: for a person with even minor aging issues.

A significant concern as people grow older is that they may have to leave their home.

This would mean leaving behind a comfortable setting familiar community and many memories. In addition a certain amount of control is lost when one leaves home.

This “control” provides the underpinning to our feelings of dignity, quality of life and independence. One’s home is a strong element in that sense of security.

Most American seniors desire to stay in their homes for the rest of their lives. In fact an AARP survey found this number to be greater than 80% of seniors. This “stay at home” approach is also known as “Aging in Place” Several reasons are cited for this strong Aging in Place preference. These include: Feelings of Independence Safety and Security Proximity to Family Familiarity

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Enhanced high and low frequency tones for doorbells and telephones Grab bars and hand rails with decorator colors Hospital type beds with wooden headboards and foot boards

“Aging in place” successfully requires planning. To accommodate physical, mental, and psychological changes that may accompany aging, physical changes should be made in your home.

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Many seniors avoid home modifications and helpful technology items designed for people with disabilities,.because these products have an industrial appearance. No one wants to have their home look like a hospital. Consumer demand and computer technology have pushed institutional products to be redesigned to be more acceptable in the home. Some of these include: Chairs designed for easier in and out

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Items that are easier for arthritic hands to handle, Larger print for declining eyesight

Research: Aging in Place

The Bowen Theory: Multi-generational Transmission Process The concept of the multi-generational transmission process describes how small differences in the levels of differentiation between parents and their offspring lead over many generations to marked differences in differentiation among the members of a multi-generational family. The information creating these differences is transmitted across generations through relationships. The transmission occurs on several interconnected levels ranging from the conscious teaching and learning of information to the automatic and unconscious programming of emotional reactions and behaviors. Relationally and genetically transmitted information interact to shape an individual’s “self.”

The combination of parents actively shaping the development of their offspring innately responding to their parents’ moods, attitudes, and actions, and the long dependency period of human offspring results in people developing levels of differentiation of self similar to their parents’ levels. However, the relationship patterns of nuclear family emotional systems often result in at least one member of a sibling group developing a little more “self” and another member developing a little less “self” than the parents.

The next step in the multi-generational transmission process is people predictably selecting mates with levels of differentiation of self that match their own. Therefore, if one sibling’s level of “self” is higher and another sibling’s level of “self” is lower than the parents, one sibling’s marriage is more differentiated and the other sibling’s marriage is less differentiated than the parents’ marriage. If each sibling then has a child who is more differentiated and a child who is less differentiated than himself, one three generational line becomes progressively more differentiated (the most differentiated child of the most differentiated sibling) and one line becomes progressively less differentiated (the least differentiated child of the least differentiated sibling). As these processes repeat over multiple generations, the differences between family lines grow increasingly marked.

Level of differentiation of self can affect longevity, marital stability, reproduction, health, educational accomplishments, and occupational success. This impact of differentiation on overall life functioning explains the marked variation that typically exists in the lives of the members of a multi-generational family. The highly differentiated people have unusually stable nuclear families and contribute much to society; the poorly differentiated people have chaotic personal lives and depend heavily on others to sustain them. A key implication of the multi-generational concept is that the roots of the most severe human problems as well as of the highest levels of human adaptation are generations deep. The multi-generational transmission process not only programs the levels of “self” people develop, but it also programs how people interact with others. Both types of programming affect the selection of a spouse. For example, if a family programs someone to attach intensely to others and to function in a helpless and indecisive way, he will likely select a mate who not only attaches to him with equal intensity, but one who directs others and make decisions for them.

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Research: Multi-generational analysis

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User Analysis & Case Studies

Analyzing the various users that will utilize this space was important. This gives a clear understanding of the needs and wants of the users. As architects there is an urgent need to address the issues and solve them in a well precise manner and the users is the key issue.

single father After the recent divorce and having custody for his child, Richard wanted to find a place to live that will be close to a daycare where his little boy can go to not feel too far from his father. The Focal Residential and Daycare Center will be a great home for them. Richard can feel comfortable and happy knowing that his child is being

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children Karisa and Cynthia are two friends from different cultures who yearn adventure and fun but without the negativity of others because of ethnic differences between them.

elderly After the recent divorce and having custody for his child, Richard wanted to find a place to live that will be close to a daycare where his little boy can go to not feel too far from his father. The Focal Residential and Daycare Center will be a great home for them. Richard can feel comfortable and happy knowing that his child is being

User Analysis

After understanding what the users wants and needs will be then analyzing of the precedents can follow. Precedents or Case Studies provide examples of successful designs and also it also gives examples of the programs that were designed. The case studies show design layouts, colors, context and texture.

Armstrong Senior Housing & Town-homes

Daycare in Zsambek

-Foldes Co. Architects Ltd.

-Masterstudents of Bergen School of Architecture

Situated in San Francisco, the Armstrong Senior Housing & Town-homes are affordable housing designed to keep growing families within the city. The town-homes are next to the senior housing to prevent seniors from living in isolation. The development sits near a stop of a new light-rail line, a park, and a health center.

To reflect the historically African-American population of the neighborhood, design details were drawn from traditional African textiles and symbols.

The building is LEED NC Registered, with a goal of Gold. It features many complementary green strategies, including storm-water management, solar arrays that heat domestic water and light the common spaces, and healthy interiors and material.

The functionally strict floor plan of the creche is mixed with a traditional and community building space form - the cloister. The group rooms and the central multi-functional space are around the cloister. This way the creche becomes appropriate for developing relationship between parents and organizing baby-parent events as well.

This daycare has a simple structural body. The building consists of a closed room for computer-learning, and an open room for English teaching . Solid walls and the opportunity to close off completely make the computer-room safe in terms of burglary. The open room connects with the outside, is spatial with a tall ceiling and transparent walls embracing the light.

-David Baker + Partners

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Educational Building in Mozambique

There is clear shaping and some fresh-colored tones to provide clear-out background for the whirl of colorful toys, drawings and clothes in the children’s group rooms where they spend their whole day.

Case Studies

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Midterm Preliminary Design

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Midterm Preliminary Design

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Midterm Preliminary.

Midterm Preliminary Design

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Midterm Prelim.

Midterm Preliminary Design

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Final Design

39 th

A

Stree t

bike rack

E. Br o

ad S

treet

solar panels

“strength lies in differences, not in similarities�

A handicap parking

Site Plan

-Stephen Covey

Playground/Courtyard

South Elevation

storm water retention

East Elevation

LEED Checklist building integrated photovoltaic panels receives energy from The Sun which reduces fossil fuel consumption

when The Sun is at west the passive shading fins & overhangs reduces the amount of heat gain that affects the residential cooling loads

EAST

hybrid cars only

WEST

zeroscape for western shading. rainwater harvesting irrigation

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E E

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entry/lobby playground/courtyard suite daycare unique units residential units mechanical/electrical room suite balcony egress

enhanced natural ventilation through the living units & courtyard, allowing the children and the residents to enjoy a healthy atmosphere

Total points: 47 LEED Gold

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the storm water retention/rain garden prevents unnecessary water from storm water running off. This also prevents moisture damage and allows it to recharge groundwater

E 3.

E

First Floor

E

Second Floor

Energy Section (section A-A)

Mike Daley ARCH 301-08 Architecture Design Studio I Professor Cowart Fall 2012

North Elevation

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West Elevation

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Final Design Boards

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Photos of Model

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Appendix: Vocabulary & Writings

Reading Assignment #2: CREATION IN SPACE “The enemy of architecture is the ‘obvious,’ its nemesis is boredom.”

I believe that this phrase highlights the fact that architecture shouldn’t depict the ‘obvious’ but rather should be original and unique. A design should allow people to be surprised by its features. The latter part of the sentence says architecture’s “nemesis is boredom,” which gives me the idea that an architectural design will be at its greatest downfall if it lacks rhythm and ‘spark’ so to speak. Architecture should trill and excite people; it should leave a lasting impression. “…architects are students of vision.”

Architecture students should learn to foresee and imagine life in a three-dimensional world and build on that intuition. Vision is our greatness power. This power gives us the ability be immune to the enemy and nemesis of architecture; allowing for uniqueness rather than boredom. “…all vision is ‘freehand.’”

I think it is saying all vision is free-spirited. Our imagination as architects and architecture students are endless. There are no two similar ideas.

Reading Assignment #8: Theory “The renewal of an art means rediscovering its deepest essence.”

The sentence before this quote explains that if architecture drifts too much from its basis or origins then it will lose the true meaning of architecture and the characteristics of it. It is same idea for art. If art is going to be renewed or reinterpreted then there should be a great understanding of the principle of art.

“A work of art is a reality only when it is experienced, and experiencing a work of art means recreating its dimensions of feeling.”

This is emphasizing the fact that art can only become a reality to the viewer when experienced honestly. This means that the viewer not only sees the real artwork but understands what the artist went through during the process of making this artwork, whether physically, emotionally &/or spiritually. Therefore, the quote further explains that in order for a person to fully experience a work of art then that person will have to reconstruct the whole idea and feeling that the artist with through in order to create this masterpiece.

“Experiencing art is a private dialogue between the work and the person experiencing it which excludes all other interaction.”

Just like the quote above, this quotes implies that the experience of art is a like a private conversation between the art and the person experiencing it. But in order to fully experience it means ignoring all other interaction so that there is no distraction. Art has a deep essence. Therefore it takes deep concentration in order to understand it. _____________________________________________________________________________________ I believe this reading deems itself very beneficial for my architectural design. My design is a multi-generational home that accommodates seniors, unique users (such as single fathers) and young children in a daycare facility. And through this reading I understand that the reality of art even if it is architecture is at its most through the person experiencing it. Understanding the deep essence of architecture requires the utmost attention, realizing that all other interaction should be excluded.

After analyzing this reading I realize that further consideration should be implemented in my design process in order to create a deep essence that can be developed by the person experiencing the building. Architects and designers use the notion of atmosphere to argue that architecture and space is designed and built for people to use and experience. Peter Zumthor in his book Atmospheres constitutes architectural atmospheres as “this singular density and mood, this feeling of presence, well-being, harmony, and beauty...under whose spell I experience what I otherwise would not experience in precisely this way”. Through analyzing the atmosphere for architecture and spatial design I can concentrate on the sensorial qualities that a space emits. Atmosphere is the immediate form of physical perception, which is interpreted through emotional sensibility. Within my design I believe that I should address the nature of space as the physicality of an actual space and the atmospheric qualities that are embedded within a space. German philosopher Gernot Böhme has also expanded on the architectural atmosphere, in his essay “Atmosphere as the Subject Matter of Architecture”. He states that “we must be physically present” to experience space in its complete entirety. By inhabiting space individuals can sense the character that surrounds them. Inhabitants sense their atmosphere. Photography, written articles and the interpretation of other viewers of a space cannot compare to individual experience and interaction in interior spaces. Spaces begin as voids, tangible and undefined structures, its atmospheres are articulated through cognitive subjects (memory, perception, judgment, emotion) and physical presence.

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Appendix: Vocabulary & Writings

Reading Assignment #9: Theory Design, Ecology, Ethics, & The Making of Things – William McDonough

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Ecology (pg. 400)

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“All materials given to us by nature are constantly returned to the earth without even the concept of waste as we understand it.” (pg. 402)

• Biodiversity (pg. 402) _________________________________________________________________________________________________ I gathered a valuable lesson from this reading – sustainability. McDonough implores us to understand the long-term environmental implications caused some capitalists and elected officials. He highlights that some of these implications include the rights of other species and of future generations being affected. He claims that architects have a unique role to play, using “design as the first signal of human intention.” They should be leaders in defining and measuring prosperity, productivity and quality of life in ways other than the accumulation of material goods.

Through the conversation between Scully and Khan, where Khan asked Scully: “Isn’t it beautiful the way they come down to the ground,” McDonough highlights the fact that things we make must not only rise from the ground but return to it; soil to soil, water to water. In other words, everything that is received from the earth can be freely given back without causing harm to any living system. This is the idea of ecology and this is the idea of well thought out design. Furthermore he discusses that in history architects always worked with two essential elements, mass and membrane. For mass, they knew how thick to build the wall so that enough heat from the day was transferred into the winter night and visa versa. Le Corbusier talks about a house being a machine to live in. This would mean that an office is a machine to work in and a cathedral is machine to pray in. But McDonough explains that this is reasoning that was adopted because architects and designers are designing for the “machines” and not for the people. Also, designers talk about solar heating a building but it should be “solar heating the people.”

To summarize, we MUST realize that in order to live within the laws of nature means to express our human motives as interdependent species, being aware and grateful that we are at the mercy of sacred forces more dominant than us mere beings.

McDonough ended by saying: “We must come to peace with and accept our place in the natural world.

The Hannover Principles- William McDonough Architects

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“Insist on rights of humanity and nature to co-exist in a healthy, supportive, diverse, and sustainable condition.”

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“Rely on natural energy flows.”

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“Understand the limitations of design.”

_________________________________________________________________________________________________ I recognize that The Hannover Principles is a set of statements about designing buildings and objects with prudence about their environmental impact, their effect on the sustainability of growth, and their overall impact on society. It claims that “reuse, reassembly, and recycling will help attain the goal of eliminating waste” in terms of manufactured products. McDonough highlights that there is a possibility that most architects and planners find it difficult to accept the constantly shifting and growing knowledge base, which design and technology cannot solve all the problems they create. He also explains that the solutions to environmental problems will be found once humankind stops its attempt to dominate nature and, instead, view it as a model. It is hoped that, if The Hannover Principles is accepted, they will evolve to adapt to the concerns of different cultures and countries across the globe, so that everyone may find a way to endure and build into the future without negatively impacting the future’s ability to meet its own challenges. Also it is hoped that those who practice these principles will bring to themselves the ability, the skills and the care, assuring that their creative acts will be able to blend aesthetic concerns with ecological principles and provide a new inspiration for the challenge of design. In this way, design becomes a didactic tool to demonstrate that sustainable thinking can be put into practice in the real world. Architects need to take this newly reoriented problem solving and step-forward in positive design by leading interdisciplinary teams.

ARCHISPEAK vocabulary 1. Defensible space: With the use of Defensible space, the impact of crime and other social behavior is great influenced.

2. Accessibility: Nowadays architectural professors emphasize to architecture students the importance and value of incorporating ADA accessibility in their designs to accommodate people with specials needs and disabilities.

3. Arcology: Combining architecture & ecology, arcology brings an increase in population density, through structures that offer multi-functional usage.

4. Site appraisal: In Fundamentals II & III, my professor asked the class to produce a site appraisal, which would provide valuable information and ideas for the development of our design.

5. Gestalt: Gestalt psychology is the understanding of the whole by knowing what each part plays and understanding each part derived from the whole.

6. Anthropomorphic: In this century I’ve seen and learned about buildings that I personally feel has anthropomorphic attributes to my body.

7. Golden Section: The key and most ideal characteristic of the golden section is that creates beauty harmoniously through ratio of which the total of quantities to the larger is equal to larger quantity to the smaller.

8. Composition & Proportion: Composition & Proportion gives guidance to an ordering process that produces harmony, relieves chaos and brings satisfying relationships of things to a whole.

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Appendix: Vocabulary & Writings

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Vitruvian Man

The Vitruvian Man assignment On Wednesday, September 19, 2012 in my Architectural Studio I class, my classmates and I got together to draw the Vitruvian Man in chalk on a big blackboard. The blackboard was divided into 64 one-inch squares and we were assigned 2-4 squares to each student. I was assigned the groin area and the right foot.

After everyone drew his or her part on the Vitruvian Man assignment it was time to take a photo in front of it. In my photo I realized that I am not proportional to the ‘ideal proportioned man.’ I am about 6” inches taller and my arms outstretched are 6” inches more on both sides. I noticed though, that my groin area is in lined with that of the Vitruvian Man’s. Vitruvius described the human figure as being the principal source of proportion among the Classical orders of architecture. But I also believe that even today the Vitruvian Man is an ideal scale for proportion in architecture. Granted I believe that human scale in architecture can not solely rely on the Vitruvian Man. People can in various shapes and sizes. As a matter of fact, one of my classmates was not proportional to the Vitruvian Man. Therefore how do we design to accommodate people of various shape and sizes?

As the years past since the time of the Classical orders, the average height of humans has risen. In other words, I believe that design has to change in certain aspects with special consideration to the change in human scale within Architecture.

In my Architectural Studio I our design assignment is to take an existing structure that was formerly a supermarket and design a space for a multi-generational home. This space will accommodate both the elderly and children. I strongly believe that an understanding that there is a change in the average human scale will change the perception of how I will design this space.

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The Vitruvian Man Assignment

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Sketches

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Clemson University Graduate School of Architecture, Clemson, SC.

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Liberty Bridge, Greenville, SC.

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Focal Residential & Daycare Center design proposal for midterm

Sketches