⍈⊹
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
2
⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⍈⊹ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㝱 㞾 ᾏ 㢻 䶰 ✽ 㞢 ㍑ 䠓 㢇虇╗ 㞾 吀 㾀 桲 㞝 䠓 㢇Ҹ⋡ 䱴 ⢷ Ὴ 㝴 ⴇ虇΅ 刌 懝 䫭 ⬑ ⃤ 㑾 㛠 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 劺 桱 䓔 ⳟ ⣠ ☛ 䠓 ᾘ ↚ 㢚 ╚ 劺 桱 䇺 䰾 䠓 㛔 ‚Ҹ⃕ 䫭 ⴇ 柱 䠓 凥 伢 㛨 㔗ҷ㴆 ▁ ⴇ ⵅ ☛ 冒 ╳ ⴇ ⵅ 虇 ┊ 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔ҷ ⃫ 㝴 㢮ҷ㴆 ▁ 幖 㜨 ☛ 憨 㢇 䠓 㜖 ⴇ ⎕ 槭 䎼 履 ᾜ ₠Ҹ柳 㳳 Ὶ ⪥虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨ҷ⪸ Ὴ 㛨 ☛ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 榟 宏虇 ⬑ ⡪ 䔇虃 䓔 ⳟҷ䌙ҷ师ҷⓐ 孡 䔇 虄΅ 㢘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 寽 捚 ☛ 孲 䩋Ҹ▓ 㞾 ⌅㞾ҷ▓棭⌅棭虇ᾜ▛䠓ⴇ尹㿶䖍虇䍀沶棭⿇Ҹ1
I.
⃕⁴䖕㢇䠓⃫冔☛㜖㢻⛞槛 㒘 䋶 ≂ 伀 䠓 尹 㹤虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕虇䓅 ⬑ ⁴ 嬎 仟 㢇
䠓 ⃫ 冔 㞾 ⁴ 嬎 仟 ᾏ 㮲Ҹ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 605 〃虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 娺 埫 ⎿ ⾃ 㵣 ↺虇䜅 㟑 ╹ 㞾 ⓐ ⪩ 㴁 䠓 ⶠ 〃 ⁉Ҹ ㎟ ⴛ ㎟ ⴽ ᾼ 客 侃虇ℜ 䱚 ⴽ ゆ ⋶虇㢜 ℜ ▪ 䔚Ҹ憨 ⃜ ᾘ 㢬 ⋒ 冐虇⏜ ㄛ 伢 㴆 ᾘ ↚ ⾬ ⢚ 㢬 虇⾃ 㵣 ↺ 䔚 㢬 ҷ 䗹 䔚 㢬 ☛ 㹱 㜾 䔚 㢬Ҹ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ⓐ 䱯 宧 悘 㢏 ㄛ ᾏ ₅ ‚ 忮虇䠋 䚮 㝋 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 537 〃虇戲 㟑 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⾁ ⋺ ⓐ ⪩ 㴁Ҹ䋅 军虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 戓 宧 悘 ― ᾜ ⶠ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‣ 厂 ‛ ᾥ 亏 䠓 㴆 ▁ ‚ ₅虇亿 ㄽ 乍 䩉 Ὶ 埤虇╺ 㴆 ▁ ⴇ ⵅ 毩 ➕Ҹ㢇 ᾼ 㢃 ⎉ 䖍 ― ᾘ ↚ ⾛ 卧 㜖 ⳦虇㛨 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 ᾜ ㄦ ᾜ ㎆ 䜠 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 䰅 䱮 㞾 尿虇㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 䠓 ⁉虇戓 㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ᾥ亏䠓⁉虚
1
㢻㢇╹㢒桕ᾼ宝履ᾼ㜖嗦⃫䠓孏灭孡〵╙⌅姷⁉䏸虇⡯䉉咀㜖嗦⃫俐 ⪩虇桲⁴ᾏᾏ亿尹Ҹ╵ᾏῊ嬐┮⡯㞾㢻㢇⁴ᾼ㜖⃫虇崏冔΅⁴啾⁉䉉 Ὴ虇㛔㳳⁴ᾼ㜖嗦⃫䉉⎕㤟巰虇ℕㄦ懸⎖☛▗Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
履
3
ᾏҷ䲻ᾏ⃕⁴䖕 凅 䯛 榟 宏 凥 㵎 娺 㵏 㟑虇イ 䚷 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 尹處ᆋ ᓇ ᣞ ᡒ ᖤ ᐧ ᓄ
᎔ ᮿ ᙰ ⅉ ᛵᆏ ᖻ ᒭ Ứ ☓ Ꮅ ⇭ ᛵ ᆐᨄ ᑋ ὧ ᑊᅳ ❴ ᱑ ᛵ ዷ Ṏ ᢢ Ồ Ấ ᅴ ᅙ ᆌ 虃 ⪹ ‛ ⓐ ⡪ 15虄 ㄭ ⅰ ⁿ 孡 〵 军 宏 虇 ⦉ 䣲 ㄡ ㏏ ⅰ 䠓 凅 ☛ 啾 㞾 ␄ ⪸ 憯 ⢿ҷℎ 䊰 崙 㢘 䠓 䫭虇΅ 㞾 ℎ 榟 宏 ㍘ 毦 䠓 䫭Ҹ㝱 䋅 凅 䯛 ╾ ⁴ 㒘 厙 亓 ⋗ 䥴 榟 宏虇尤 䚮 ⢷ ₾ ⎸ ㇕ ⥝ҷ㎟ 朆 ⢷ ⎸ ⎸ 㿥 Ⓩҷ㴊 ⢷ ▓ ▓ ⸀ ᾙ虇䉉 ⃤ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ᾜ ╾ ⁴ 乍 䩉 榟 宏 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 䠓 㴆 ▁ ‚ 忮 ◱ 虚 ᾙ 凅 䯛 䢃 宏 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㞾 ⋗ 䥴虇⓿ 峘 ― ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ⓐ ᾏ 䱯 䠓 榟 宏虇 ⢷ 㞾Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂ 虇军 ᾜ 㞾Ӂ 欻 ㄛ 䧁 ӂ 虃 prophetia ex eventu虄Ҹ ⁴ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 䠓Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔虇憨 尹 㹤 䯀 䉉Ӂ 䲻 ᾏ⃕⁴䖕ӂ尹Ҹ ツ 㷇 ⅰ ⢷ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 寊 捚 Ӏᾏ 㢇 ᾼ虇専 亿 栂 ⎦ ⋶ 峘 ☛ ⪥ 峘 虇 㚾 㒐 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 䠓Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ┮ ⃫ 冔虇军 ᾜ 㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 䠓Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ䉉 Ὴ 䳕Ҹ 2 懢處Ӂ ㎠ ↠ 尹 ≂ 伀 䠓 㝸 㢮 尹 ╾ ⅰ 〵 悒 ⪶虇ᾜ 㞾 ⡯ 䉉 ⴒ 㵺 䊰 ⛞ 槛虇军 㞾 憨 ⛞ 槛 抌 ᾜ 厃 㸡 㢘 ⎉ 彾虇㭚 ㎟ 㨦 Ҹ䢇 ℕ 尹虇ㄛ 㢮 尹 䠓 ⛞ 槛 槾 ㄦ 俐 桫 桲 孲虇㝸 㢮 尹ㄗ卹䋅ⷀ㎟䉉ᾏ↚╾╥䠓戇㙖Ҹӂ3 厂 㝋 拉 䉂 捦虇ㄭ 凥 伢 㳲 ⌇ ⃜ 僽ҷ㲰 伢ҿ ⅎ 嬎 㑘 㠉 客 Ӏ 虃 Sirach虄 ҷ 䫭 ⴇ ㆬ ㊂ҷ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇҷ尭 宏 ⛞ 槛 ☛ 㴆 ▁ ⛞ 槛 䳘 ⋼ ⪶ 㝈 ■虇愾 尹 ㄛ 㢮 尹 ᾜ ╾ ⅰҸ 4 䢃 宏處Ӂ ㎠ ↠ 䢇 ⅰ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㳲 ⬑ 䠓 嗦 ⃫ ㏏ 㕞 慿 虇 ῒ 㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 ⢷ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ₊ 汧 ⴧ 䠓 ᾏ ⃜ 䓅 ⪹ ⁉虇ⷀ ⬑ 亓 䗮 ⢷ ⥒ ╙ ⃫ 欥 䢇 ᾏ 㮲Ҹӂ 5 㢏 ㄛ虇 㢃 イ 䚷 㫙 ⁴ ㅆ虃 E.J. Young虄ᾏ 㵄 榦 朆ҷㄗ ⡃ ⺊ 䠓 尀 ⃫ 仟 尭處 Ӂ⃕⁴䖕㢇㊞☂嗦㢻㢇ῒ㞾⡃刔䠓㴆▁虇
2
専 ╒ ツ 㷇 ⅰ 處ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 寊 捚 Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 ⴲ 懢 虇 1994虄 榐 45-92Ҹ
3
▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 91Ҹ
4
専 ╒ 拉 䉂 捦處 ҿ⃕⁴䖕㢇Ӏ 虇⪸ 懢 凥 伢 寊 捚虃 欨 㾾處⪸ 懢虇2006虄 虇榐 22-44Ҹ
5
▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 42Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
4
⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
ⴒ 刁 䯀 㞾 ㄭ ⪸ ᾙ 䠓 䫭 军 ℕ 䠓 ⛮ 䫉虇㞾 厖 ⁉ 槭 ☛ ▓ ⢚ ⶖ ℕ 䠓 〇 䬞 㢘 杫Ҹ⬑ 㤫 㢻 㢇 ⃫ 冔 ⃫ 㝋 欻 㵣 㟑 虇䡽 䠓 ╹ 㞾 嬐 ⦔ ⢉ 戲 ↚ 㟑 Ὶ ⁉ 䠓 ⅰ ㅒ虇⃕ 㛔 ㊞ ℎ ⁉ ⢷ ⓿ 巰 ᾼ 尜 䉉 ⃫ 冔 ῒ 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ 䲻 ⋼ ᾥ 亏 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕虇戲 灋 ᾜ 䴰 ㎠ ↠ 㞾 ▵ ✫ 㳰虇㢻 㢇 抌 㞾 ᾏ ↚ 殨 Ҹ⌡ ▜ ᾏ 䵖 尹 㞾 ᾏ ₅ ‚虇⃕ ⌡ ▜ ᾏ 䵖 卹 䯀 䉉 䫭 䠓 ⛮ 䫉虇厖 ⁉ 槭 䠓姛䉉㢘杫虇㴇⋴凥伢㳲⌇䠓┮⏖ⴛ⋷㞾╵ᾏ₅‚Ҹӂ6
‛ҷ䲻‛⃕⁴䖕 ㄭ ⋶ ⵈ 军 宏虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 欥 ᾒ 䱯 ⁴ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⾬ ⢚ 䠓 ‚ 忮 䉉 ㆄ虇军 ㄛ ‣ 䱯 ⏖ ⁴ ⾛ 卧 ⾬ ⢚ 䉉 ῊҸ⢷ 憨 㴆 ▁ 宧 悘 ᾼ虇⃫ 冔 ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 㴆 ▁ ῝ ᾜ ⪹ 䌮 ㈘虇ℚ ⬑ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⷋ ⾒ 䛁 ⷋ 㘡 䔚 㛊 ㏢ 凅 彾 㘡 ⍆ ᾜ 㞾 䲻 ᾘ 〃 虃 ᾏ 1虄虇 ῒ 㞾 亓 桔 㛻 䲻 ⡪ 〃 虃 凅 ⡪ ⓐ ⋼ 2虄虖 ⢷ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⾬ ⢚ 䠓 㴆 ▁ 婰 虇 㸡 㢘 宧 悘 ₾ 㸨 㘡 䔚 虃 ‣ 1 虄虇 ▛ 㟑 㢮 ╹ 㢘 㒎 㹱 ⷋ 〵 虃 Nabonidus虄 䔚 䠓 宧 悘 虖 ▛ 㮲 虇 ⢷ 㴆 ▁ ᾙ 㐍 ᾜ ⎿ 䗹 ⁉ ⪶ ⎸ 䉞 虃 ‣ 31虄虇 ╹ 㢘 㹱 㜾 ⁉ ⪶ ⎸ 䉞 虖 军 ㏢ 㛦 ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 䔚 䠓 㧈 㢻 ᾜ 㞾 ⪶ ⎸ 䉞 虇 军 㞾 㹱 㜾 䔚 ╳ ⎦ 虃 Cyrus虄Ҹ 7 䋅 军虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 ⾛ 卧 㴆 ▁ ┊ ⓐ ⎕ 䌮 ㈘虇ⶳ ⌅ 㞾 ⴘ 㕟 柎 ╳ ⡪ ᾥ 虃 Antiochus IV虄 䠓 䚮 。 ‚ 忮 Ҹ ⴘ 㕟 柎 ╳ ⡪ ᾥ ⬑ ⃤ ⃫ ⁉ 幹ҷㄦ 捚 㛍ҷⴲ 䯀 䉉 䔚ҷ㛊 ㏢ ⥒ ╙ҷ厖 儔 欻 ䷌ 亓ҷ㵉 ⵂ 䫼 ▇ҷ嫊 䆕 凥 㵎 䳘 ‚ 忮虇ᾏ ᾏ 懢 ℕ虇⬑ 㜇 ⵅ 䕜Ҹㄭ 㴆 ▁ ⵅ 孡 〵 军 宏虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 ㅔ 㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 䠓 ⁉虇宦 ▜Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ军 ⾁Ҹ8 ㄭ 尭 㜖 孡 〵 军 宏虇㢇 ᾼ 㢘 ᾘ ↚ ⾛ 卧 㜖處Ӂ 䲪 ӂ Ӂ 䗮 ӂ☛Ӂ 䲨 ӂ 虃 ᾘ 5虄虇 㢃 テ ⒥ ㄛ 㢮 尹 䠓 孏 灭Ҹ⁴ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 䠓Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇
6
▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 43Ҹ
7
憨 㴆 ▁ ⛞ 槛 虇 拉 䉂 捦 ⢷ ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 Ӏ虇 ᾏ ᾏ 孲 捚 Ҹ ▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 35-39Ҹ
8
㢏 㝸 㕟 ⎉ 憨 Ὴ ツ 䠓 虇 㞾 ᾘ ᾥ 亏 䠓 ⚁ ⴇ ⵅ 㹱 ῞ ⎸ 虃 Porphyrius of Tyre虄Ҹ 㝸 㢮 㛨 䏅 凅 㥣 丂虃 Jerome虄⢷ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 寊 捚 㢇 婰虇テ 䉗 ╜ 憨 孏 灭ҸGleason L. Archer, “Daniel,” in EBC 7 (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1985), 12-13Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
履
5
䠓⃫冔虇憨尹㹤䯀䉉Ӂ䲻‛⃕⁴䖕ӂ尹Ҹ 啾⁉ⴇ冔ᾼ虇㢏劌姷憨㝈棱孏灭䠓㞾岬䭏桓Ҹ懢處 Ӂ 㒘 䋶 ≂ 伀 䠓 䢚 㹤虇⁴ 䉉 㢻 㢇 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 䲻 ⋼ 亏 娺 埫 㟑 㢮 䠓 ⋗ 䥴 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕虇⢷ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ㏏ ㎟ 䠓Ҹʫʫ 䋅 军虇㒘 慠 厙 亓 䦣 䰅 䠓 仟 㤫虇⪶ ⪩ 㜇 䠓 ⴇ 冔 ⾁ ᾜ ▛ ㊞ 憨 䮽 ≂ 伀 䠓 孏 灭Ҹʫʫ 㢻 寽 捚 㢇 尜 䉉 㢻 㢇 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ ⅰ ⁿ ㅯ 席 䠓 ♗ 嬎 ⌇ ⁉ ⩺ 虃 Hasidim虄 ⢷ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 175 〃 厂 165 〃 Ὶ 朢 捬 ⴘ 㕟 柎 ╳ ⡪ ᾥ 䠓 慺 ⵂ ㏏ ㎟ 䠓 ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇ Ҹ ӂ 9 ♗ 嬎 ⌇ ⁉ 㞾 㛻 埣 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉虇 ↠ 㒐 ⴗ 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ≂ 伀 ⅰ ⁿ ☛ ↺ 䖕虇╜ ⅰ ⁿ ⾛ 卧 ⒥ Ҹ 10 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 尜 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㝋 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 165 〃 Ὶ ⏜虇Ὴ 嬐 㞾 ⡯ 䉉 㢇 婰 㢹 㢍 㕟 ╙ ⴘ 㕟 柎 ╳ ⡪ ᾥ Ὶ 㴊虇军 㝋 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 164 〃 此 ⺸ Ҹ
ᾘҷ⇖▜⃕⁴䖕 ⢷ ⾛ 卧 㜖 ☛ 㑘 ᾐ 㜖虃 ⪸ Ὴ 㛨 虄凥 伢 ᾼ虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 Ὶ ㄛ 戓 㢘 ⋸ 䱯 虇 䲻 ⓐ ᾘ 䱯 ╗ ▜ ҿ 垖 㘡 㒎 ≂ Ӏ虃 Susanna虄虇 军 䲻 ⓐ ⡪ 䱯 ╗ ▜ҿ ㄋ ② 厖 ⪶ 焜 㢇 Ӏ虃 Bel and the Dragon虄Ҹ⋸ 䱯 䠓 Ὴ 孡 ⌅ 抌 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕虇 仵 㕞 俹 䉉 ᾏ ↚ 棡 〃 儸 ⁉ ☛ 㠉 冔Ҹ⢷ ⾃ 㵣 ↺虇㢘 ᾏ ⃜ 䂑 ‽ 䠓 ⬂ ⳟ虇▜ ╺ 垖 㘡 㒎Ҹ⬈ 厖 ᾏ ↚ 䓅 ⪹ ⵛ ⁉ 仟 ⯩虇 ㅯ 㝋 ᾗ ⪺Ҹ㢘 ⋸ ↚ 䓅 ⪹ 朆 冐虇㢘 㲙 ╗ 㢘 ⑱虇⢷ 㶠 ᾼ 㙣 ₊ ▇ 㹤 Ὶ 分Ҹ ↠ ⡯ 垖 㘡 㒎 䠓 儝 吁 军 弆 㽺 ㆄ虇⮐ 慺 ⬈ 姛 㽺Ҹ垖 㘡 㒎 ╜ 㐦虇仟 㤫 ⋸ ↚ 朆 冐 尲 ◙ ⬈虇㒖 峘 ⬈ 厖 ᾏ 棡 〃 䐾 ― 㽺 價虇⎳ ⬈ 㴊 ⎠Ҹ䣍 ⁉ 䢇 ⅰ 朆 冐 䠓 尀虇嬐 䚷 䦂 榼 㚁 㴊 ⬈Ҹ姛 ⎠ Ὶ 㟑虇〃 棡 䠓 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㓉 怺 军 ⎉虇ʳ ʳ
9
岬 䭏 桓 處ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 㜖 坬 虇 1988虄虇 榐 6ҷ 9Ҹ
10
♗ 嬎 ⌇ ⁉ 厖 欻 㵣 ⁉虃 Maccabees虄ᾜ ▛ 虇 ↠ 㜴 帻 㡃 ҷ ╜ 䚷 㳵 Ҹ 㛔 㳳 虇 ↠ 憏 ⎿ 㡯 捝 虇 ヱ ㎟ 㴊 㼆 䠓 㞕 垼 䫍 儳 虃 Qumran Community虄虇 䃣 怺 卹 ㊪ 虇 䳘 ↨ 䫭 䠓 㑾 㛠 Ҹ 凅 䯛 㟑 䠓 㹤 ⎸ 庌 ⁉ 虇 ⌅ 㧈 䀟 ╾ 憌 䀾 ⎿ 㳳 Ҹ ╒ W. Sibley Towner, Daniel, IBC (Atlanta: John Knox, 1985), 7-8Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
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⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
䉉 垖 㘡 㒎 愾 崆虇 栂 ⋸ ↚ 朆 冐 䠓 ⬇ 察 ☛ 柿 根虇䉉 垖 㘡 㒎 䛂 ⌳Ҹ 11 仟 㤫 虇 ⋸ ↚ 朆 冐 ╜ 娺 埤 㴊 虇 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ㄦ ⎿ 䠍 ⭢ 䠓 㔷 ⺖ ☛ 㛻 捜 Ҹ 12ʳ Ӂ ㄋ ② 厖 ⪶ 焜 ӂ⌅ 㞾 ⋸ ↚ 㛔 ‚虇ᾏ ↚ 㼘 ╙ ㄋ ②虇╵ ᾏ ↚ ⏖ 㼘 ╙ ⪶ 焜Ҹ 13 Ӂ ㄋ ② ӂ㞾 㹱 㜾 ⁉ ㏏ 匫 㑫 䠓 䫭 䫖虇䫼 ▇ 嬐 榟 ∨ ㄗ ⪩ 䫼 ♐ ☛ 橮 䏸 K ⫘ ҷ檙 㻊 Ҹ 14 㹱 㜾 ╳ ⎦ 䔚 ᾏ 〵 ᾚ 䠍 ⭢ 䫼 䫏 ㄋ ②虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ┊ ᾜ 戄 姛Ҹ ⦔ 㒐 㛻 㑫 ᾏ ⃜ ╗ 䢮 ╗ 㻊 䠓 䫭虇 ⴲ 䯀 ㄋ ② 㞾 ⇖ 䫭虇㧈 㢻 ᾜ 劌 ▒ 䫼 䏸Ҹ䔚 ☌ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ㅈ 㥴 ㄋ ② 㞾 ▵ 䢮 䠓 ▒ 11
⃕⁴䖕欥⋗⎕朚朆冐⋸⁉虇䋅ㄛ↚⎴䡳⛞虇㖫桕峘㙩虇䉉垖㘡㒎劺價Ҹ ⃕⁴䖕⋗ㄛ⛞↠處垖㘡㒎厖棡〃⁉⢷䚩灋㯈ᾚ䐾價◱虚䲻ᾏ↚朆冐⡭ 䳣 ⢷ Ӂ 欨 㯈 ӂ虃 schinos虄 ᾚ 虇 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㒖 㜴 尹 岙 虇 ℬ 㹤 埤 㴊 虇Ӂ 㜻 䉉 ⋸ 㵄 ӂ虃 schisei虄Ҹ 䲻 ‛ ↚ ⡭ 䳣 ⢷ Ӂ 㮮 㯈 ӂ虃 prinos虄 ᾚ 虇 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ▛ 㮲 㒖 㜴 尹 岙 虇 ⎳ ⁴ 㬄 ⎠ 虇Ӂ 㜻 䉉 ⋸ 㵄 ӂ虃 prisai 虄Ҹ ⢷ 憨 婰 虇 ⃫ 冔 懚 䚷 ― 桨 杫 尭 虃 wordplay虄㐏 ⽶虇⡯ ⢷ ⾛ 卧 㜖 憨 ⋸ 㜖 ⳦ 䠋 概 䢇 慠虇schinos 厖 schisei虇 prinos 厖 prisaiҸ嬚 Alexander Di Lella , Daniel: A Book for Troubling Times, SC (New York: New York Press,1997), 214Ҹ
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ҿ ᾒ ⓐ ⩺ 峾 㢻 Ӏ虃 LXX虄 宧 悘 垖 㘡 㒎 䠓 㛔 ‚ 虇 ┮ ⡯ 㞾 炢 ⒄ 䓅 ⪹ 䫍 儳 捜 〃 棡⁉虇⌅㲰㞾刾䓅⪹⁉䠓≂伀㛨剁䖕ㆄ虇㛨尷〃棡⁉䓅⪹㛨㠉㋶虇⧠ 憯⌅♐㧋☛⁉䚮㠉㋶Ҹ⪶汣ᾙ虇垖㘡㒎䠓㛔‚㞾ㄛ⁉佷ⅽ␄⃫䠓Ҹ嬚 Lorenzo DiTommaso, The Book of Daniel and the Apocryphal Daniel Literature, SVTP 20 (Leiden: Brill, 2005), 59-63 ; Lawrence M. Wills, The Jew in the Court of the Foreign King, HDR, 26 ( Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1990), 79Ҹ
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⮐ 䏍 㜾虃 Wills虄 懢處Although the two stories in Bel and the Dragon were at one time probably independent, they have now been tied together by several literary devices: their common introduction (vs 2) and the similar declarations of the king, “Great is Bel, and there is no guile in him!” (vs 18) and “Great is the Lord God, and there is no other beside him!”(vs 41). It is last half of this story complex, the ordeal in the lions’ den, which is a close parallel to the last half of Daniel 6, and as we have seen this punishment scene is not common enough to ascribe the similarity to the coincidence of folklore motifs. The first half of each story, the setting up of the predicament, is quite differentҸ 嬚 Wills, The Jew in the Court of the Foreign King, 134Ҹ
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㵞ᾏ⪸虇䫼▇嬐榟∨ⓐ‛娚亿灄媌㎟䠓橮䏸ҷ⡪ⓐ桊儙☛⋼㨅拡虇K檙 ㄋ②Ҹ╳⎦䔚㵞⪸抌⎿䫭の虇䬽㑫☛K⫘Ҹ
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― 䫼 䏸Ҹ䠍 ⭢ K ⫘ 䫼 ♐ ㄛ虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⢷ 䫭 の 䠓 ⢿ ᾙ 䇠 ᾙ ᾏ ⷳ 䇿虇 ⶐ の 朏虇ᾜ ⍕ ₊ ⃤ ⁉ ⎉ ⋴Ҹ兛 㝴 㾔 㝸虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ☛ 䔚 ⎿ 䫭 の 嬥 Ҹ ㏢ 朚 朏虇䠋 孉 橮 䏸 ᾜ 嬚 ―虇⃕ ⢿ ᾙ ┊ 㢘 ㄗ ⪩ 匂 ⓿Ҹ亿 Ὶ ᾚ虇┮ ℕ 䫼 ⩖ ᾚ 㢘 ᾏ 䫤 ⵕ 憩 懢虇䫼 ▇ 㟩 ᾙ ㄭ 憨 婰 䎻 ⎉ ℕ虇▒ 㔘 ― ㏏ 㢘 橮 䏸Ҹ╳ ⎦ 䔚 ㊀ ㆡ Ὶ ᾚ虇㵉 㴊 ㏏ 㢘 䫼 ▇虇㑕 㵏 䫭 のҸ䫼 ▇ ⌀ 㢘 ᾒ ⓐ ⃜虇憲↠䠓⭊ⳟ☛⋡⬂虇΅ᾏᾏ㵉㔘虇䊰ᾏ〇⋜Ҹ Ӂ ⪶ 焜 ӂ│ ⪶ 塖虇㞾 ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⁉ 匫 㑫 䠓 䫭 䔇Ҹ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ▛ 㮲 ⦔ 㒐 㛻 㑫 ᾏ ⃜ ╗ 䢮 ╗ 㻊 䠓 䫭虇㑡 令 ■ 䏯 匫 㑫Ҹ 䚩 厂 ■ 䔚 㕟 ⎉ Ⅼ 峘 虇 ᾜ 䚷 ⎏ 㭜虇╾ 㵉 㴊 ⪶ 焜虇⁴ 峘 㞝 䏯 ᾜ 㞾 䫭虇㢃 ᾜ 㞾 ㎿ 䫭Ҹ 15 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 懑 䚷 䆬 棡ҷ劑 㹈 ☛ 榼 汽虇㚨 ☛ ⢷ ᾏ 弆 㓞 ㎟ ῇ ⳟҷ 䍀虇櫄 仵 ⪶ 焜 ▒Ҹ仟 㤫虇䫭 䔇 匇 䰎 利 䧃 军 㴊Ҹ⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⁉ 䥴 懢 ㄛ虇■ 䔚 㝌 ⩢ 虇 嬐 ″ ⎉ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 仵 ↠ 嬹 卹 埤 䖕虇▵ ⏖ ↠ 㢒 ╪ 崙Ҹ䔚 ᾜ ㄦ ᾜ 榕 ㄭ虇⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⁉ 㝋 㞾 ⶖ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⎳ ‗ 㬄 ⎠虇ᾮ ⢷ 䓔 ⳟ ⣠ ᾼ ᾒ ⪸Ҹ⃕ 䫭 Ⅼ ⴗ 虇 㻍 ♗ ⾃ 巆 ⋗ 䥴 仵 橮 䏸Ҹᾒ ⪸ ㄛ虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ㄭ 䓔 ⳟ ⣠ ⎉ ℕ虇ㄦ 嗦 卹 䛀Ҹ䔚 ⶖ 戲 ㉰ ⁉ ᾮ 懁 䓔 ⳟ ⣠虇榒 ⏊ Ὶ 朢虇ᾒ 桊 䓔 ⳟ ▭ ⟻ ― ↠ Ҹ 16
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⾃ 㵣 ↺ ⁉ ✫ 㳰 匫 㑫 ㎿ 䫭 虇 ⌅ 㛻 ⫘ 䠓 Ὴ 䫭 䗹 䏍 㣫 ⋚虃 │ ㄋ ② 虄虇 ⷀ 㞾 ㎿ 䫭 虇 ᾣ⿇⁴㏚ᾼ㳵⟷㎿⑬㜄⁉Ҹ⢷䠋㔧⎉ℕ䠓⾃㵣↺㜖䏸ᾼ虇䠋䖍䗹䏍㣫⋚ ╗ ▜ 䉉 㸨 㣫 㑘 ⾒ 虃 Shadu-Rabu 虄Ҹ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 㢏 ╳ 厙 䠓 䫭 の ⃜ 㝋 ⷋ 㟽 䏍 虃 Nippur虄虇 の ᾼ 㛻 ⫘ 䠓 䫭 㞾 ㇸ ⎸ 䏍 虃 Enlil虄虇 ⶖ ⪸ ⢿ ⎕ 朚 虇 㞾 䣍 䫭 Ὶ 䔚虖␄ 憯 ― 捠 㜶虇捠 㜶 ㎟ 䉉 ⁉ 槭 䠓 ⬌ ⽴ ⌆Ҹ 埮 䯀 㸨 㣫 㑘 ⾒虇㊞ ㆬ 㞾Ӂ ⪶ ⸀ ӂҸ ⷋ⾒䛁ⷋ㘡㟑虇䔖榧恜栙㛊⃣ⷋ㟽䏍Ҹㄛℕ虇孉ㄦ䗹䏍㣫⋚㵣ⴘ 䏍㢃⇘⪶虇懑ⶖⴘ䏍䠓㸨㣫㑘⾒䯀埮㝋䗹䏍㣫⋚怺ᾙҸ憨Ӂ⪶⸀ӂ䠓 ヱ 巰 虇 ⎉ 䖍 ⢷ ⷋ ⾒ 䛁 ⷋ 㘡 䠓 Ӂ 捠 榼 ⁉ ≞ ӂ⪱ 婰 虖 㙙 䨝 ⪶ ≞ 䠓Ӂ 䦂 榼 ӂ虇 崙 ㎟Ӂ ⪶ ⸀ ӂ虇╥ ― ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 䔚 㢬ҸW. A. Criswell, Expository Sermons on the Book of Daniel, vol. 2, chapter I-III (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1970), 80虖 Di Lella, Daniel, 226Ҹ
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ㄋ②厖⪶焜憨⋸↚㛔‚虇䡽䠓╹㢘ᾏ↚虇尹㞝⃕⁴䖕⦔ⴗ䓅⪹⁉䠓ⅰⁿ ☛ 怺 ⎕虇䚩 厂 ⌡ 䚮 ☌ ─ 根虇娺 ᾮ ⢷ 䓔 ⳟ ⣠ 婰Ҹ╒ Wills, The Jew in the Court of the Foreign King, 136Ҹ
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⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⢷ ⦉ 䣲 㛨虃 Christianity虄凥 伢 ᾼ虇憨 ⋸ 䱯 娺 嬥 䉉 㲰 伢虇ᾜ 㛅 撓 ⢷ 㳲 ⌇ 婰虇⪶ 汣 ᾙ 㞾 ⡯ 䉉 憨 㛔 ‚ 槾 䫉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 懚 䚷 ⌅ 㠉 ㋶ ☛ 䥴 峧 ⷀ 劌 ㎟ ‚虇㸡 㢘 䫗 䭀 ℬ 棯 䫭虇ヿ 槾 䫭 䠓 劌 Ҹ䋅 军虇⋗ 䥴 ⁴ 嬎 仟 ⢷ ⁴ 嬎 仟 㢇 婰 㕟 ╙ ᾏ ↚ 懯 ╳ 䠓 Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ虇 厖 ᾙ ╳ 㟑 䠓 㒹 ☛ 亓 ₾ 烙 ▜虇ᾘ ⁉ ▛ 䯀 䉉 儸 ⁉Ҹ 17 ᾜ ✽ ⬑ 㳳虇憨 懯 ╳ 䠓Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ ΅ 䯀 䉉 㢘 㠉 ㋶ 䠓 ⁉ ҷ 劌 䧃 孲 ⫶ 䫤 䠓 ⚁ ⩺ Ҹ 18 ⢷ 冒 ╳ ⴇ 㝈 棱 虇 ⴇ 冔 䠋 䖍 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⓐ ⡪ ᾥ 亏 䠓 ҿ 㑘 㜾 䕙 㑘 㹴 䏗 Ӏ虃 Ras Shamra Tablets虄ᾼ虇宧 悘 ᾏ ⃜ 儸 ⁉虇㞾 ᾏ ⃜ 䢚 槶 ⳳ ⋡ ⵰ ⯵ 䠓 䔚虇䯀 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕Ҹ㛔 㳳虇΅ 㢘 ⴇ 冔 尜 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 㞾 ⃩ ▜虇⇖ ↮ 懯 ╳ 䠓 Ӂ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂῚ ▜ 军 ⃫ 䠓Ҹ桀 ▜ ⃫ 冔虃 ㎥ 佷 冔 虄╾ ⁴ 㞾 ᾏ ⁉ҷ‛ ⁉ ㎥ ⪩ ⁉虇⌅ ⃫ 㟑 㢮 ╾ ⁴ 䛀 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ 厂 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏虇⁴ ⃩ ▜ ⃫ 冔䉉⃕⁴䖕㢇⃫冔虇憨尹㹤䯀䉉Ӂ⇖▜⃕⁴䖕ӂ尹Ҹ ╳ 㛞 ☛ 梁 㞾Ӂ ⇖ ▜ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ尹 䠓 姷 ⁉ 䏸虇⢷ ↠ ▗ 嗦 䠓 ҿ 凥 伢 㜖 ⴇ ‛ ⓐ 岪 Ӏᾼ 懢處Ӂ ㎠ ↠ 孉 ㄦ虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ㍘ 封 尹 㞾 ⾛ ₾ℕ⛮䫉㜖ⴇ䠓姷⃫Ҹ䖍⢷⾁伢刾ⴒ䠓⃫〃䉉⋻⋒⏜ 164 〃 Ҹ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾙ 扷 䠓 㛔 ‚ 㞾 ⃫ 冔 㧈 㙩 ㊂ ≞ 军 埪 㙻 䠓 Ҹ ᾜ ⃕ 㛔 ‚㞾埪㙻䠓虇憲⃕⁴䖕憨↚⁉䏸΅㞾⎉㝋㊂≞㎥㞾≂尹ᾼ䠓⁉ 䏸 ʫ ʫ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾜ 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䠓Ҹ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ᾜ 㞾 㢘 䠓 ⁉虇军 㞾 寸 ⁉ ␄ 憯 䠓 ⁉ 䏸 ヱ 巰虇㞾 ㊂ ≞ ⎉ ℕ 䠓Ҹ 㢘 弔 ⁉ 䠓 㠉 ㋶ ☛ 弔 ⁉ 䠓 姛 彰虇㞾 㮰 䵓 䠓 ⴛ ⁉Ҹ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾼ 尹 㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 䠓 ⁉虇⃕
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⁴ 嬎 仟 ⋗ 䥴 ⢷ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 娺 埫 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ᾼ 虇 ⴲ 岪 䫭 屼 處ᆋ ዷ ጛ ᫃ ᅗ ᢍ ᑺ ዯ Ᏹ ὢ ጩ Ᏹ ᔾᅗᔾ ጌ ᐿ ᎘ ᓀ ፯ ᕍ ╴ ᎘ ᣞ ᛵ ᕞᅗ ៦ ╴ ᶮ ᎘ ᣞ ᛵ ▦ᅗᗐ ⛵ ᨺ ⓳ ᗭ ᖻ ᑊᅗ ዷ ℚ ᠮ ᧐ ᬙ ᗥ ጱ ᅙᗥ ጱ ╌ ᑺ ᗉᅘᓄ ᎔ ᮿᅘᡮ ᓈ ᱑ጃዷᅗ᎘ᣞᏁᨬᑆ᎘ᣞᛵὤ᭕ᒢጥᛵᙨᘒᅙ᱑៦᎐ᡷᘍ᷒ⅉᛵᅙᆌ 虃 仟 ⓐ ⡪ 13蚙 14虄
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⢷╵ᾏ䫭屼ᾼ虇䫭坘⁴嬎仟⋗䥴⟁䲠㔷儔䔚䠓䑑⬓☛卹≁處ᡒᤐᅗᓇ
ᓄ ᎔ ᮿ ᕗ ᑺ ᴙ ⇡ᅗᠻ ↚ ᧲ ᗇ ᱣ ጰ ᨬ ᐿ ᓇ ╊ ▶ᅙᓇ ⌂ ᒢ ጥ ᛵ ᴙ ⇡ ⓧ ᚘ ᬗ ድ ᜲ ⅰ ᩨ ⚮ᅗᑳ ዹ ᥈ ጱᅙᓇ ⌂ ᒢ ጥ ᛵ ጙ ᴙ ⇡ ᘍ ḍ ᚔ ↾ ᮐ Ά ᩨᅗጂ ᑆ Ά ᩨ ፬ ᾝ ᪓ ṝ 虃 仟 ‛ ⓐ ⋺ 3蚙 5虄 ᅙ
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㏏ 㛧 慿 䠓 ▁ ┊ 䠋 䚮 ⢷ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏Ҹ⃫ 冔 㞾 䊰 ▜ 㶞虇憨 ΅ 㞾 ᾏ 去 ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇ 䠓 憩 ℚ Ҹ ӂ 19 ΅ 寀虇灒 ⊏ 䱯 㞾 㢏 劌 姷Ӂ ⇖ ▜ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ孏 灭 䠓 啾 ⁉ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔虇㎠ ↠ ⢷ ᾜ 劌 䥴 懢 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 㞾 尿Ҹ 尹處Ӂ ㎠ ↠ 尜 䉉 㘿 憨 㢇 ┆ 䠓虇㞾 ⃜ ᾜ 䥴 ▜ 䠓 ⃫ 冔Ҹ㎠ ↠ 䠓 履 㙩 㞾處䲻 ᾏ虇 㢇 ᾼ ㄭ ℕ 㸡 㢘 㞝 䩉 ⢿ 㕟 ⎉ 懝虇㢻 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕Ҹ䲻 ‛虇㢇 ᾼ 䠓 䩉 槾 䫉 㢘 ⃜ 㛧 慿 冔虃 narrator虄虃 ᾒ 1蚙 2虇ⓐ 1虄Ҹӂ 20 䋅 军虇 ┊ 庙 ▛ 憨 㢇 㞾 ⢷ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 ㎟ 䠓 Ҹ 21 ΅ 寀虇㣝 ㆬ 㛻 䠓 嗦 ⃫ ΅ ╾ 㴇 㝋 㳳 槭虇 㸡 㢘 厗 弲 㔱 亱 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⋶ ⵈ 㞾 榟 宏 㢇 戓 㞾 㴆 ▁ 㢇ҷ⃫ 冔 㞾 ⏜ 㢮 尹 戓 㞾 ㄛ 㢮 尹Ҹ 㒖 ⎉ ⢷ 䬞 概 㻍 ⴇ 冔 ᾼ虇㚾 㒐 ⏜ 㢮 尹 ㎥ ㄛ 㢮 尹虇㝦 炢 䢇 䜅虇⑱ ⣖ 㜄Ҹ 㚾 㒐 ⏜ 㢮 尹 尜 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⷻ 榟 宏 㢇 虇 㢘 咀 ⢚ ⴇ 冔 洠 ㅆ 䀺 虃 J. Baldwin虄䠓 ᾐ 懢 䏍 寊 捚 㢇虃 TOTC虄⃫ 姷虖㚾 㒐 ㄛ 㢮 尹 尜 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㞾 㴆 ▁ 㢇虇㢘 儝 ⢚ ⴇ 冔 汧 ᾐ 㧋虃 J. Goldingay虄䠓 凥 懢 寊 捚 㢇 虃 WBC虄 ⃫ 姷 Ҹ 㣝 ㆬ 㛻 懢 處Ӂ ㎠ ↠ 㔛 㕰 ᾜ ⎿ 戲 䛿 巰 䠓 亿 䵏虇΅ 㸡 㢘 厗 弲 ╊ 愾 履 䛿 巰 䰅 䱮 㞾 榟 宏 戓 㞾 孲 捚 㴆 ▁Ҹ䬞 概 ⅰ ⁿ 䠓 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 ⢷ 㳳 㢘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 ㊞ 嬚 ʫʫ ⁙ 㝴 ㎠ ↠ 㳳 㢇 ┆ ⌅ 㞾 ╾ ⁴ 㔴 亜 ᾜ ▛ 孲 捚 䠓 ╾ 劌 ㆶҸӂ 22 㢏 ㄛ虇 尜 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾜ 懝 㞾 ⋻⋒⏜‛ᾥ亏⛮䫉㜖ⴇ䠓ᾏ㢻虇㞾Ӂ䜅㟑㻐姛䠓ⷻ棗㜖ⴇ⃫♐ӂ 军 ⾁ Ҹ 23 19
╳ 㛞 ҷ 梁 處ҿ 凥 伢 㜖 ⴇ ‛ ⓐ 岪 Ӏ虃 捜 ㌅ 處 捜 ㌅ ⎉ 䏗 䫍 虇 2005虄虇 榐 348ҷ 352Ҹ
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灒 ⊏ 䱯 處ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㜖 ⴇ 寊 捚 ͑͑ 㻊 ⎉ 䢋 㢪 Ӏ虇 㜖 ⴇ 捚 伢 亊 ⎦ 虃 欨 㾾 處 ⪸ 懢 虇 2002虄虇 榐 55Ҹ
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▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 31虃 専 ㉔ ╾ ╒ 杀 封 㢇 䲻 21-31 榐 虄Ҹ
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㣝 ㆬ 㛻處 ҿㇸㆷ㉔⁖履厙亓Ӏ 虃 欨 㾾處㢃 㜿 幖 䀟 㢘 柟 ⋻ ▇虇1997虄 虇榐 340-41Ҹ
23
Ӂ ʫʫ 䋅 军 ㎠ ↠ 刾 䠓 㞾 虇 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾜ 㞾 ⚾ ᾏ ᾏ 㢻Ӄ ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ ӄ虇 军 㞾 䜅 㟑㻐姛䠓ⷻ棗㜖ⴇ⃫♐Ҹ㳲⬑欨㾾㻐姛䂺䛺㜖⒥ᾏ㮲虇⾑⋶㢘ㄗ⪩憨槭 䠓 㢇 ⎚ 虇 军 棭 ╹ 㢘 ᾏ 㢻 军 ⾁ Ҹ ӂ虃 ▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 336虄Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
10
⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⡪ҷ㎟㢇伢懝 㢻 㢇 㔰 亜 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ 㝈 㹤 孲 崏 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇虇憨 㝈 㹤 ⒔ 㑻 ⓐ ‛ ⋒ 亯 虃 element虄虇 ⌅ ᾼ ᾘ ↚ ⋒ 亯 厖 㢻 䵏 ㏏ 宝 履 䠓 ⃫ 冔 ☛ 㜖 㢻 ⛞ 槛 㢘 ⵕ⎖杫⅑虇│䫭尀虃myth虄ҷ凥⌇虃scripture虄☛ⅰㆄ虃belief虄Ҹ 24 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㝱 㞾 ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 凥 ⌇虇΅ 㞾 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 䠓 凥 ⌇虇䜅 ᾼ 㞝 槾 㼘 ╙ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 ☛ 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 䠓 䫭 尀 ☛ ⅰ ⁿ 䵓 䜖Ҹ㎠ ↠ ⬑ ⃤ 寽 捚虇㎥ ⪩ ㎥ ⶠ 嬥 ῝↚⁉䠓㛨ⅰⁿ☛ⴇ姢䱚⧃Ҹⅰⁿ岪㷑ⅰㅒ虇军ⴇ姢岪㷑䖕 ㆶҸ⋸ 冔 ⬑ ⃤ ⇩ ⎿ 叾 ⬌ 军 ▗ 懸 ⢿ 。 姰虇憨 㞾 䏶 冔 ⌋ ⴇ 冔 榗 嬐 㧋 ⪥ 䛨 ㊞ 䠓Ҹ䳕 冔 㝱 䋅 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 ⛞ 槛 ⃫ ⎉ ― ⴱ 孏 䠓 栂 慿虇䖍 ⢷ ➦ 寵 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 㜖 㢻 ⛞ 槛虇㕟 ⎉ ↚ ⁉ 䢚 㹤虇姷 慿 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇▗䖕军╾ⅰ䠓㎟㢇伢懝Ҹ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 㞾 ㄗ 捜 嬥 榟 宏虃 prophecy虄䠓 㛨虇⡯ 䉉 凅 䯛 䠓 尤 䚮 ҷ 䚮 。 ‚ 忮ҷ㴊 ‰ ☛ ㄸ 㻊 䠕 ᾏ ᾏ 宧 悘 ⢷ 厙 亓 䠓 榟 宏 㢇 婰虇军 㜿 亓 ⷀ 㞾 宧 悘 厙 亓 䠓 榟 宏 ⢷ 凅 䯛 怺 ᾙ ⬑ ⃤ ㍘ 毦Ҹ䜅 ㎠ ↠ 冊 㥴 㢘 杫 ホ 庌 虃Messiah虄伢㜖虇⬑寸䵖䠓ホ庌寸 25 ☛⁴庌㢇䠓≤⁉Ὶ㳛虇26 伢 㜖 㞾 䶰 䥼 䠓虇榟 宏 ホ 庌 䠓 ‚ 忮 㞾 䏖 㝆 䠓ҷ捜 灭 䠓ҷ 㛲 ⾒ ⢷ ▓ 埤 ᾜ ▛ 伢 㜖 㵄 嗌 ᾼҸ䢇 ℕ 尹虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ⓐ ᾏ 䱯Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂⴘ
24
⌅Ῥ↚⋒亯㞾伢䅮䠋ⷤҷ䫍㛎╒厖ҷⅰⁿ儳汣ҷ↺䖕ҷ坬姢ҷ㟽ᾥ嬥 捝ҷ䬽⊏ҷ⺖㑫☛ⷻ棗㙜侃虇䳕冔⢷㢻㢇΅㢒懚䚷憨Ῥ↚⋒亯孲崏㢘杫 伢 㜖 Ҹ 㢘 杫 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ 㝈 㹤 䠓 ⓐ ‛ ⋒ 亯 専 ㉔ 虇 ╒ 瀴 ⋕ 悬 處ҿ ⪸ 㛻 䫥 處 䜅 啾 ⁉ ⦉ 䣲 ㄡ 䫼 䫥 䠓 ⡭ ㍘ Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 㼇 㢒 虇 2008虄虇 榐 281-82Ҹ
25
ホ 庌 寸 ╾ ⎕ 䉉Ӂ ▪ ホ 庌 寸 ӂ☛Ӂ ╦ 呵 ホ 庌 寸 ӂ虇 ⏜ 冔 慿 尹 ホ 庌 䠓 怺 ⎕ 虇 ⬑ 䫭 䠓 ⋡ ⳟ 虃 寸 ‛ 7虄ҷ 䫼 ▇ 虃 寸 ᾏ ᾏ ΰ 4虄 ☛ ▪ 䔚 虃 寸 ‛ 6虄虖 ㄛ 冔 榟 宏 ホ 庌 䠓 䚮 。 虇 ⬑ 娺 㢚 ╚ ⎉ 干 虃 寸 ⡪ ⓐ ᾏ 9虄ҷ 娺 ⁉ 峞 尩 虃 寸 ‛ ⓐ ‛ 8虄ҷ姲 㢜 娺 ⁉ 䙫 ⎕虃 寸 ‛ ⓐ ‛ 18虄ҷ氷 榼 ᾜ 㢒 㐧 㝆虃 寸 ᾘ ⓐ ⡪ 20虄ҷ 㴊 ㄛ ㄸ 㻊 虃 寸 ⓐ ⋼ 10虄 ☛ ⓖ ⪸ 㔛 㲙 虃 寸 ⋼ ⓐ ⋺ 18虄 䳘 ▓ 䮽 ‚ 忮 Ҹ
26
⁴ 庌 㢇 㢘 ⡪ 㵄 伢 㜖 虇 ╾ 䯀 ⃫ Ӂ ≤ ⁉ Ὶ 㳛 ӂ虇 㝷 ⢷ 榟 宏 凅 䯛 䠓 嘨 ╻ )庌 ⡪ ⓐ ‛ 1蚙 9*ҷ ⽽ 懲 )庌 ⡪ ⓐ Ῥ 1蚙 13*ҷ ⭣ 怺 )庌 ‣ ⓐ 4蚙 11*ʳ ☛ ℎ ☌ )庌 ‣ ⓐ‛ 13蚙‣ ⓐ ᾘ 12*Ҹ军庌⡪ ⓐ‛ 8蚙20 憨㵄 伢㜖虇΅ ⎉ 䖍Ӂ ≤⁉ ӂ憨 寭 ヨ 虇 ⢷ ⡪ 欥 ≤ ⁉ Ὶ 㳛 Ὶ ⏜虇 㛔 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 ⿇ 䯀 憨 䉉 ⡪ 欥 ≤ ⁉ Ὶ 㳛 䠓Ӂ ⏜ 宏 ӂҸ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
履
11
㕟 柎 ╳ ⡪ ᾥ 䠓 ‚ 忮虇亿 ㄽ 桕 ᾼ虇ᾏ 㶲 ☄ ㎟Ҹㄭ ⃫ 樷 㧋 ᾙ 军 宏 虇 䲻 ⓐ ᾏ 䱯 慠 ῝ 孲 捚 㴆 ▁虇军 ᾜ 㞾 榟 宏 㴆 ▁Ҹ 27 ⦉ 䣲 ㄡ 㸡 㢘 ㅔ 嬐 ⡯ 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㞾 ⋗ 䥴 㢇虇 䢇 ⅰ 䫭 㞾 ⋷ 䥴 䠓 䫭虇ⷀ ⦔ 㒐 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ᾒ厂ⓐ‛䱯ㅔ䋅⋷扷㝋⋻⋒⏜⋼ᾥ亏虇㞾㴆▁䠓榟宏Ҹ ‚ ᾙ虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ⋗ 䥴虃 prophet虄☛ 榟 宏 㢘 㢃 ひ 杙 䠓 寽 捚 Ҹ ⋗ 䥴 䠓 Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂ ⒔ 㑻 Ӂ 榟 尹 ӂ虃 foretell虄 ☛ Ӂ 岪 尹 ӂ虃 forthtell虄 ⋸ ⷳ ㊞ ㆬ ҸӁ 榟 尹 ӂ 㞾 䛀 Ӂ 䖍 ⢷ ӂ 榟 ⋗ 㕟 ╙ Ӂ ⶖ ℕ ӂ 嬐 䠋 䚮 䠓 ‚ ㉔ 虇 憨 ΅ 㞾 䒈 儸 䠓 Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂҸ ⃕ Ӂ 岪 尹 ӂ ┊ 䛀 Ӂ 懝 ╊ ӂ ㏏ 䠋 䚮 䠓 ‚ ㉔ ᾏ 䢃 岪 慿 ⎿Ӂ 䖍 ⢷ ӂ虇㞾 ひ 儸 䠓Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂҸ憨 䮽Ӂ 岪 尹 ӂ㴆 ▁ 㞾 ᾏ 䮽 㴆 ▁ 寽 捚虇㼘 ╙ 㴆 ▁ ⚁ ⴇ ㎥ 㴆 ▁ 䫭 ⴇ虃 theology of history虄 䳘 孏 ㆄ 䥴 峧Ҹℚ ⬑ ⩺ ⾺ 宧 䠓 ⃫ 冔虇ⶖ ⩺ ⾺ 㟑 䠓 㴆 ▁ 䠋 ⷤ 㴇 亜 䉉 Ӂ 㴆 ▁ 䠓 ㄹ 䘿 ӂ處 䐾 價 ҷ ╦ 呵 ҷ ♏ 㷑 ☛ 嘨 㛠 Ҹ 28 ㄭ 憨 ひ 儸 ☛ 䒈 儸 䠓Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂ孡 〵 ℕ 䢚虇ᾜ 桲 㞝 䠌 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ⶖ 亓 㢇 宧ҷ⩺ ⾺ 宧ҷ㘡 㵜 凂 宧 ☛ ⎦ 䔚 亏 ⡪ ┆ 䯀 䉉Ӂ ⏜ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ӂ虇军 ⁴ 庌 㢇ҷ凅 ⎸ 丂 㢇 ҷ ⁴ 嬎 仟 㢇 ☛ ⓐ ‛ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ⡪ ┆ 䯀 䉉 Ӂ ㄛ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ӂҸ 呴 䋅 ⬑ 㳳虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ⶖ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䉉 㴆 ▁ 㢇虇⦉ 䣲 ㄡ 㞾 ╾ ⁴ 㔴 ╦ 䠓Ҹ䓅 ⬑ ㎠ ↠ 嬥 亓 㢇 宧ҷ⩺ ⾺ 宧ҷ㘡 㵜 凂 宧 ☛ ⎦ 䔚 亏 䉉 㴆 ▁ 㢇虇懢 䖕 㞾 ᾏ 㮲 䠓Ҹᾜ ✽ ⬑ 㳳虇㎠ ↠ 㢃 ╾ ⁴ 坘 㳳 䩉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ⓐ ᾏ 䱯 㢘 䒈 儸 ☛ ひ 儸 䠓Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂ虇⬑ 䲻 5 厂 35 䵏虇│Ӂ 岪 尹 ӂ⾛ 卧 ⾬ ⢚ 䠓 厗 姿 ☛ ⴘ 㕟 柎 ╳ ⡪ ᾥ ㎟ 㛦 䠓 ‚ ㉔ 虇 ⷻ ひ 儸 槭 Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂҸ ‚ ᾙ虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㢻 怺 ⷀ 㼘 ╙ 㴆 ▁ 䠓 寽 捚虇⃫ 冔 ㄭ ⪱ ⨒ ☛ 䛿 巰 䠓 ⛮ 䫉虇槾 䫉 㴆 ▁ ⚁ ⴇ 㞾 䢃 佩 ☛ ■ ⏜ 䠓虇 ᾣ ⷻ 㛠 ㇸ ▁ 䠓 ᾏ 扷 ⎕ Ҹ 27
㧈 㙩 㣿 ウ 捛虃 Jeffery虄䠓 ⎕ 㤟虇⃕ ⓐ ᾏ 2蚙 45 ╾ ⎕ 䉉 ‛ ⓐ ‛ ↚ 伢 㜖 䏖 㝆 虇 ⏜ ‛ ⓐ ↚ 虃 2蚙 39 䵏 虄 孲 捚 㴆 ▁ 虇 㢏 ㄛ ⋸ ↚ 虃 40蚙 45 䵏 虄 榟 宏 㴆 ▁ Ҹ 専 ㉔ ╒ Arthur Jeffery and Gerald Kennedy, The Book of Daniel, IB (Nashville: Abingdon, 1980), 347-49Ҹ汧 ㇸ虃 Gowan虄΅ 㢘 槭 䠓 伢 㜖 ⎕ 㤟虇╒ Donald E. Gowan, Daniel, AbOTC (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 2001), 145-51Ҹ
28
╒ ▁ 岍 ⾃ 㜾 ㅆ 嗦虇㫙 䏶 巆 峾處ҿ 凥 伢 䦣 䰅虃 ┆ ‛ 虄Ӏ虃 欨 㾾處䮽 丌虇1980虄虇 榐 50-51Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
12
⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⡯㳳虇Ⅼⴗ㻍䠓凥伢ⴇ冔㸡㢘ㅔ嬐⡯刾⃕⁴䖕㢇㞾榟宏 㢇虇军 ▵ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ᾒ 厂 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 㞾 㴆 ▁虇個 军 ▵ 㸉Ӂ 䲻 ‛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ㞾 ⃫ 冔 Ὶ ᾏ 䠓 ╾ 劌 ㆶҸ▛ 䖕虇卹 䛀 㻍 䠓 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 ΅ 㸡 㢘 ㅔ 嬐 汧 厘 䖕 ㆶ虇⦔ ⴗ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ᾒ 厂 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 㞾 㴆 ▁虇個 军 ⴲ 䯀 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇䲻ᾏ厂⋼䱯㞾イ宏虇ⷻ埪㭚Ὶ⃫虇⋷䋅▵㸉Ӂ䲻ᾏ⃕⁴䖕ӂ 㞾 ⃫ 冔 䠓 ╾ 劌 ㆶҸ 29 ⅰ ⁿ 厖 䖕 ㆶ 㢻 㞾 ▛ 㧈 䚮虇䠕 㞾 䫭 ㏏ 幫 䠓虇㞾 ⁉ 㢻 㢘 䠓虖⋸ 冔 ᾜ 㞾Ӂ 棭 㳳 │ ㄋ ӂ䠓 杫 ⅑虇ῒ 㞾Ӂ ⌋ ⵈ 噓 ӂ䠓 杫⅑Ҹ 伫 ▗ 宏 Ὶ虇䳕 冔 尜 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⦉ 㢻 ᾙ ㎟ 㢇 㝋 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 虇 㞾娺埫⎿⾃㵣↺䠓䓅⪹⁉⃕⁴䖕㏏䠓Ҹ欥⋗⁴垼㜖 虃 Aramaic虄ⴛ ㎟ ‛ 䱯 4 䵏 厂 ᾒ 䱯 28 䵏虇 巰 㞾 ⪥ 戵 ⁉ ☛ 娺 埫 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉虇㛔 ℎ 䚷 䜅 㟑 ⢚ 株 尭 宏 垼 㜖Ҹ 30 憨 㢇 䠓 ┮ ⭚ 〤 㢻虇䳕 冔 䯀Ὶ䉉 A 〤㢻虇A 姷垼㜖䠓䶰ҸῊ㝷㞾汧厘䫭䠓Ὴ㲙 虃 sovereignty of God虄虇 ⢷ ⪥ 戵 ⁉ ☛ 娺 埫 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ᾼ 虇 䛂 慿 ⁴ 吁 ⎦䫭㞾⚾ᾏ伀㹊⎦⢚⎦戵䠓厂汧䫭Ҹ
29
楚 亜 ⭕ 虃 G. Wenham虄 㒖 ⎉ 處Ӂ Ⅼ ⴗ 㻍 ⁉ ⩺ 尜 䉉 憨 㢇 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ 㻊 ⢷ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏ҷ䢮㳲 䠓⃕ ⁴䖕 ㏏ 䠓虇军 卹䛀 㻍⁉ ⩺ ⏖䢇 ⅰ憨 㢇┆ 䠓 ⃫冔 㞾ᾏ ⃜宦 ▜ 䉉 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䠓 ⁉Ҹӂ嬚 灒 ⊏ 䱯處ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㜖 ⴇ 寊 捚 ͑͑ 㻊 ⎉ 䢋 㢪 Ӏ虇榐 53Ҹ
30
㧈 㙩 ⦉ 㳌 虃 Kitchen 虄 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 垼 㜖 䦣 䰅 ⎕ 㤟 虇 懢 處 For the purpose of this study, the entire word-stock of Biblical Aramaic, in particular of that in Daniel, has been listed and analysed against the comparative background of objectively-dated inscriptions and papyri in Old and Imperial Aramaic and cognate West Semitic and Akkadian (Babylonian and Assyrian). The result is that nine-tenths of the vocabulary is attested in texts of the fifth century BC or earlier. The slender one-tenth remaining consists of words so far found only in sources later than the fifth century BC (e.g. Nabataean, Palmyrene or later Aramaic dialects),… it is a fair assumption that the lack of attestation of the odd tenth represents nothing more than the gaps in our present knowledge – gaps liable to be filled by new material in the course of timeҸ 嬚 K. A. Kitchen “The Aramaic of Daniel,” in NSPD (London: Tyndale, 1965), 32-34Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
履
13
⌅ ㄛ 虇Ӂ 䲻 ᾏ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ ㄦ ⎿ 㧋 ⪥ 䠓 䛿 巰 ☛ ⛮ 䫉 虇 ㄦ 䥴 ᾒ ⓐ 〃 䂎 彂 ㄛ虇㳲 ⬑ 凅 ⎸ 丂 榟 宏虇䓅 ⪹ ⁉ 㢒 ⡭ 㴇 ⢚ ⢮Ҹ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 懑 ⁴ ▛ 剭 尭 㜖 ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖虃 Hebrew虄 ⃫ 䲻 ᾏ ☛ ⋺ 厂 ⓐ ‛ 䱯虇⡯ 巰 㞾 娺 埫ҷ ╦⩢慺ҷ娺䛿⒥䠓䓅⪹⁉Ҹ憨伢㜖䠓Ὴ㝷㞾捜慿䫭䠓ⅰ 虃 faithfulness of God虄虇 坘 㳳 ⴘ ㋿ ╦ 呵 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ 虇 ⦔ ⴗ ⅰ ⁿ 虇 䢇 ⅰ 䫭 㔛 䴰 ᾥ 䛛 ☛ ⁴ 吁 ⎦ 䠓 㴆 ▁虇ㅔ 䢚 槶 䫑 䠓 ⳟ 㶠虇幫 ㇸ ☛ 㑾 㛠 ↠ 劺 桱 ⡿ 呵Ҹ䳕 冔 䯀 憨 ┮ ⎬ 伢 㜖 䉉 H 〤 㢻虇H 姷 ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖 䠓 䶰 Ҹ凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 捠 㜾 ₾ 㧋虃 H. Ginsberg虄㕟 ⎉ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ┮ 㢻 ⋷ 㞾 垼 㜖 䠓 虇 ㄛ ℕ ㏜ ⁴ ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖 峾 ᾏ 䱯 1 厂 4a 䵏 ☛ 䲻 ⋺ 厂 ⓐ ‛ 䱯Ҹ 31 ㄭ 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ ℕ 䢚虇厂 ⁙ ⁜ 㢹 㢘 䩉 㜖 䔊 ㎥ 幖 㜨㚾㒐憨䖕 履虇䳕冔憨䳘⇖宼ⴇ尹㔰╥Ӂ⳧军ᾜ履ӂ䠓㋚〵Ҹ 32 ⃕⁴䖕㢇 A ☛ H 䏗㢻Ӂ榟尹ӂ䠓捠榼⁉≞虃捠榼ҷ搏劇ҷ 搔 勿ҷ旄 匂 虄☛ ⡪ 䔇虃 䓔 ⳟҷ䌙ҷ师ҷⓐ 孡 䔇 虄䠓 榟 宏虇⢷ 㴆 ▁ ᾙ 憟 ᾏ Ӂ ㍘ 毦 ӂҸ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 虇 ᾏ 桀 ▜ 䓅 ⪹ ⃫ 冔 ⪶ 㬑 䢇 ⅰ 尜 䉉 Ӂ ⡪ 䔇 ӂ䠓 㴆 ▁ 䠋 ⷤ 懁 䮚 䲵 ▗ 䜅 㟑 㛎 伢 ㉔ 㹐 虇 㛔 婫 ᾙ ⓐ ᾏ 䱯 5 厂 35 䵏 虇 ℕ Ӂ 岪 尹 ӂ 榟 宏 ⬑ ⃤ Ӂ 䩉 ӂ ㍘ 毦 Ҹ ㄗ 㞝 槾 虇 憨 Ӂ 䲻 ‛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ⃫ 冔 ⁴ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ҷ䗹 ҷ㹱 㜾 ☛ ⾛ 卧 寽 捚Ӂ ⡪ 䔇 ӂ䠓 䛿 巰虇⌅ ⃫ 巰 ΅ 㞾 ╦ 呵 䠓 ‰ ⢚ 䓅 ⪹ ⁉Ҹ╹ ᾜ 懝 㟑 䰉 慴 䛿虇㞾 ⋻
31
ℬ 捠 㜾 ₾ 㧋 䠓 ⎕ 㤟 虇 Ῥ 4a蚙 20 㞾 ㄛ 婫 䠓 伢 㜖 虇 㛔 䢃 㔴 䚷 ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖 㢇 Ҹ Towner, Daniel, 5-6Ҹ
32
懣 䏍 㢋 虃 Dalman虄 尜 䉉 ⏜ 㢇 虃 欥 ⋼ 䱯 虄 ☛ ㄛ 㢇 虃 ㄛ ⋼ 䱯 虄 ⎕ ⎴ 䚷 垼 㜖 ☛⾛₾ℕ㜖ℕ虇ㄛℕ⃫冔ⶖ⋸㢇㜃▗䉉ᾏ虇懑ⶖ䲻ᾏ䱯㛈䚷⾛₾ℕ㜖 虇 军 䲻 ᾒ 䱯 ⏖ 㛈 䚷 垼 㜖 Ҹ 剰 䏍 虃 Huet虄 ┊ 尜 䉉 ⋷ 㢇 ┮ 䚷 垼 㜖 ℕ 虇ㄛ冊峾䉉⾛₾ℕ㜖虖ᾜ䥴⃤㛔虇⾛₾ℕ㜖峾㢻⫀嗌―㥟䱯䵏虇懑 ⁴ 垼 㜖 峾 㢻 婫 ᾙ Ҹ 䋅 军 虇 捛 㜾 ② 虃 Riessler虄 Ὴ ツ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⋷ 㢇 㢻 㞾 ⁴ ⾛₾ℕ㜖䠓Ҹ俌军宏Ὶ虇⃕⁴䖕㢇⁴⋸䮽尭㜖㢇䠓䖍⳧㜖㢻虇䚱䚮 ㄗ ⪩ ᾜ ▛ 䠓Ӂ 㕲 㾻 ӂⴇ 尹 䖕 履虇専 ㉔ ╒ James A. Montgomery, A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Book of Daniel, ICC (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1979), 90-96Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
14
⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 虇 䚮 㻊 ⢷ ⾃ ② 㜾 ⣵ 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ҸӁ 䲻 ‛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ ⁴ ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖 ⃫ 虇 ┮ ⎬ 䠓 Aҷ H 〤 㢻 伢 㜖 㢘 㜿 䠓 寽 捚 虇 䳕 冔 䯀 Ὶ 䉉 S 〤 㢻虇㊞ ㆬ 㞾 婫 ⋔虃 Supplementary虄Ҹ䋅 军虇⎬ 㢮 㛨 㢒 䠓 ⦉ 䣲 ㄡ 虇 Ӂ ⡪ 䔇 ӂ㢘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 寽 捚虇 ↠ 孲 崏 䉉 ⾃ 㵣 ↺ҷ䗹 㹱 㜾ҷ⾛ 卧 ☛ 儔 欻 ⡪ ⪶ ⾬ ⢚Ҹ⢷ 㢻 㢇 䠓 寊 捚 扷 ⎕虇ⶖ 㢒 専 亿 孲 尹 憨 䳘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 寽捚ⴇ尹☛ⴇ䖕Ҹ ⃕⁴䖕㢇欥ⓐ‛䱯㎟㢇ㄛ虇΅㢘⃩▜䓅⪹⃫冔ⶖӁ垖㘡㒎ӂ ☛Ӂ ㄋ ② 厖 ⪶ 焜 ӂ䠓 㛔 ‚虇 㕡 ⢷ ┮ ⎬ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䏗 㢻 Ὶ ㄛҸ⬑ ᾙ ㏏ 慿虇䳕 冔 㔰 ╥ 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ 㝈 㹤 孲 崏 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇虇 䱨 ⢷ ㏏ ⷻ ⅰ ⁿ 儳 汣 虃 faith community虄 䠓 䱚 ⧃ ⃫ 寽 捚 Ҹ ⢷ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 婰 虇 憨 伢 㜖 娺 无 ⎴ 䉉 㲰 伢虇ᾜ 㛅 撓 ⢷ 㳲 ⌇ Ὶ ⋶Ҹ⡯ 㳳虇䳕 冔 㔴 ╦ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 ≂ 伀虇 嬥 ⪸ Ὴ 㛨 凥 伢 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䲻 ⓐ ᾘҷⓐ ⡪ 䱯 䉉 㲰 伢虇ᾜ ⃫ ₊ ⃤ 寽 捚 ☛ 孲 尹 Ҹ ⪸ Ὴ 㛨 凥 伢 䠓 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ᾘ 䱯 23 䵏 Ὶ ㄛ 虇 ΅ 㢘 ҿ 㘡 ⎸ 䭀㜖Ӏ 虃 Prayer of Azariah虄☛ҿ ᾘ 棡 〃 Ὶ 㳛 Ӏ)Song of Three Young Men虄 伢 㜖 䏖 㵄 Ҹ 䲻 24 厂 45 䵏 虇 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䠓 㢚 ╚ 㘡 ⎸ 䠓 䭀 㜖 虖 䲻 46 厂 100 䵏 虇 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ᾘ ╚ ⢷ 䇺 䰾 䠓 崩 儝 Ὶ 㳛 Ҹ ▛ 䖕 虇 䳕冔ᾜ㢒孲崏憨䳘㲰伢䏖㵄Ҹ ⪸ Ὴ 㛨 凥 伢 䠓 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 3.24-100虖13.1-64虖14.1-43 䳘 伢 㜖 虇 㞾 ㄭҿ ᾒ ⓐ ⩺ 峾 㢻 Ӏ冊 峾 军 ℕ 䠓Ҹ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 250 〃 㢮 朢虇ᾏ 儳 ⢷ ⥒ ╙㴆⸀⪶⥝䠓ⴇ冔虇朚⭚ⶖ䜅㟑䓅⪹㛨䠓伢㢇冊峾㎟⾛卧㜖 虃 Greek虄虇㝈 ⅎ 䜅 㟑 岪 ⾛ 卧 尀 䠓 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ 杀 崏Ҹ䢇 ≂ 憨 ⴇ 冔 㢘 ᾒ ⓐ ⁉ Ὶ ⪩ 虇 㛔 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 䯀 厙 亓 ⾛ 卧 㜖 峾 㢻 䉉 ҿ ᾒ ⓐ ⩺ 峾 㢻 ӀҸ 䖍 㟑 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⾛ 卧 㜖 䠓 䏗 㢻虇㢏 㝸 ╾ 䀾 䀟 㝋 㳳虇军 憨 峾 㢻 ⪶ 㬑 ㎟ 㢇 㝋 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 100 〃Ҹ䳕 冔 䯀 憨 ⾛ 卧 㜖 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䏗 㢻 䉉 G 〤 㢻虇⁴ 幖 峧⎴Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
履
15
䊰 履 ⬑ ⃤ 虇 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⦉ 㢻 ☛ Ὴ 嬐 ⃫ 冔 㞾 Ӂ 䲻 ᾏ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ虇 ㎟ 㢇 㝋 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⋼ ᾥ 亏 Ҹ 33Ӂ 䲻 ‛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ ╹ 㞾 㲰 嬐 䠓 ⃫ 冔 虇 ㏏ 染 䠓 幖 㜨 虃 ⓐ ᾏ 5蚙 35虄 ⋷ 㢇 ᾜ 弆 杫 攄 ⃫ 䚷 虇 ╹ 㞾 婫 ⋔ ☛ 孲 伢虃 midrash虄军 ⾁Ҹ厂 㝋Ӂ ⇖ ▜ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ӂ㏏ 䠓 伢 㜖虃 3.24-100虖 13-14虄虇⢷ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 凥 伢 ᾼ 㞾 ᾜ ╦ 䩉 尜 䠓虇ⷻ 㲰 伢 䵓 䜖虇䳕 冔 㔰 ╥ 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ 䠓 䱚 ⧃ 虇Ӂ ⳧ 军 ᾜ 履 ӂҸ 34
33
⃕⁴䖕㢇⎉䖍ⓐῬ↚㹱㜾㜖⳦☛ᾘ↚⾛卧㜖⳦虇⦉㳌憨䖍巰虇㢘⁴ᾚ 䠓 ⎕ 㤟 䦣 䰅 處 The Persian words in Daniel are specifically Old Persian words. The recognized divisions of Persian language-history within Iranian are: Old down to c. 300 BC, Middle observable during c. 300 to c. AD 900, and New from c. AD 900 to the present. Now, the fact that the Iranian element in Daniel is from Old Persian and not Middle indicates that the Aramaic of Daniel is in this respect pre-Hellenistic…. Only three [Greek] words (of one class: music) are involved. Greek wares reached all over the Ancient Near East from the eighth century BC onwards; Greek mercenaries and artisans served the Babylon of Nebuchadrezzar. Greek words occur in Imperial Aramaic at the end of the fifth century BC…. Hence, a second-century date cannot be based on three Greek words; a very late sixth-century date is early enough for the body of Persian words – between these dates no greater precision is possible linguisticallyҸ 専 ㉔ ╒ Kitchen, “The Aramaic of Daniel,” 35-50虇 ⶳ ╒ 榐 43ҷ 77Ҹ
34
憨 ⾛ 卧 㜖 ㏏ ⨭ 䠓 伢 㜖 虃 Greek Additions虄 ⪶ 汣 ᾙ ┮ 㞾 垼 㜖 ㎥ ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖 虇 ⃕ ⢷ҿ 欻 ㏏ 㑘 㜖 㢻 Ӏ虃 Masoretic Text虄┊ 㐍 ᾜ ⎿ ㍘ 憨 ⨭ 伢 㜖 䠓 ⾛ ₾ ℕ 㜖 Ҹ DiTommaso, The Book of Daniel and the Apocryphal Daniel Literature, 6-7Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
16
⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⃫㟑㢮
A 〤㢻處
亓⋻⋒⏜
垼㜖
536 〃
ᾏ 1蚙 ‛ 4a虇
H 〤㢻處
亓⋻⋒⏜
⋺蚙ⓐ‛䱯
⾛₾ℕ㜖
530 〃
S 〤㢻處
⋻⋒⏜
⾛₾ℕ㜖
165 〃 Ὶ ⏜
3.24-100虖
G 〤㢻處
⋻⋒⏜
13-14
⾛卧㜖
100 〃 Ὶ ⏜
Ὴ嬐伢㜖
䲻ᾏ⃕⁴䖕
‛ 4b蚙 ᾒ 28
䲻ᾏ⃕⁴䖕
䲻‛⃕⁴䖕
⇖▜⃕⁴䖕
35
〤 㢻 䶰 䯀 35
⃫冔虊佷冔
ⓐ ᾏ 5蚙 35
⢷ 㴊 㼆虃 Dead Sea虄㞕 垼 䠓 䲻 ᾏҷ⡪ ☛ ⋼ 㺭 䰃虇☛ 䓅 ⪶ 㡯 捝虃 Judean Desert虄 婰虇㐍⎿⃕⁴䖕㢇䠓垼㜖ҷ⾛₾ℕ㜖☛⾛卧㜖〤㢻㜖㢻䏖㝆Ҹ㢘杫専 ㉔ 虇 ╒ Peter W. Flint, “The Daniel Tradition at Qumran,” in BD II (Boston: Brill,2002), 329-67 虖 Loren T. Stuckenbruck, “Daniel and Early Enoch Traditions in the Dead Sea Scrolls,” in BD II (Boston: Brill, 2002) , 368-86虖 Eugene Ulrich, “The Text of Daniel in the Qumran Scrolls,” in BD II (Boston: Brill, 2002), 573-85Ҹ╗ DiTommaso, The Book of Daniel and the Apocryphal Daniel Literature, 206-9 < Louis F. Hartman and Alexander A. Di Lella, The Book of Daniel, AB (New York: Doubleday,1978), 72-84虖 Michael A. Knibb, “The Book of Daniel in Its Context,” in BD I (Boston: Brill, 2002), 19-24虇 32-34虖 Geza Vermes The Dead Sea Scrolls in English (London: Penguin,1995), xiii-xxxv虇 329-32Ҹ 䖍 ⶖ 㢘 杫 〤 㢻 㜖 㢻 䏖 㝆 㘽 嬐 ⬑ ᾚ 虇 ╥ 㣟 卹 Flint, “The Daniel Tradition at Qumran,” 330, 332處 厖⃕⁴䖕㢇㍘䠓㴊㼆╳┆ 㺭䰃 埮䩋 㢘杫伢㜖 1Q 71 ᾏ 10蚙 ‛ 6 ᾘ 22蚙 30 1Q 72 4Q 4Q 4Q 4Q 4Q
112 113 114 115 116
6Q
7
厖⃕⁴䖕㢇㢘杫䠓㴊㼆╳┆ 㺭䰃 埮䩋 㢘杫‚₅ 4Q 242 ҿ 㒎 㹱 ⷋ 〵 䠓 䭀 ◙ Ӏ 4Q 243 ⇖▜⃕⁴䖕 4Q 244 ⇖▜⃕⁴䖕 ᾏ 16蚙 ⓐ ᾏ 16 4Q 245 ⇖▜⃕⁴䖕 ‣ 1 0蚙 ⋺ 16 4Q 246 㢺㝴虃⁉ⳟ虄 ⓐ 5蚙 ⓐ ᾏ 29 4Q 489 㢺㝴 ᾘ 23蚙 ᾒ 23虃 ?虄 垖㘡㒎 4Q 551 Ῥ 12蚙 17虃 ?虄 ⡪↚䔚⢚ 4Q 552 ⋺ 16?蚙 ⓐ ᾏ 38 4Q 553 ⡪↚䔚⢚
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
履
17
⢷ ╳ 䫍 㢒虇⃫ 冔 䠓 ㊞ 儸 㞾 沕 䠓虇㝱 ╾ ► 㾆ҷ㒖 㼘 ΅ ╾ ⪩ ⋒ Ҹ ⬑ ⁴ 庌 㢇 䠓 ⃫ 冔 ΅ 㢘 Ӂ 䲻 ᾏ ⁴ 庌 ӂ ☛ Ӂ 䲻 ‛ ⁴ 庌 ӂ虇 䚩 厂 㢘 Ӂ 䲻 ᾘ ⁴ 庌 ӂ 䠓 尹 㹤 Ҹ 36 ㏏ 岑 Ӂ ⃫ 冔 ӂ虇 ╾ ⒔ ► 佷 冔 ⢷ ⋶ 虇 ⬑ 㗸 嬎 ‣ 伢 虇 ≂ 伀 䠓 䢚 㹤 㞾 㗸 嬎 ㏏ 䠓 Ҹ 卹 泞 㻸 䚮 虃 J. Wellhausen虄 㕟 ⎉ 〤 㢻 ⴇ 尹 ㄛ 虇 ≂ 伀 䠓 䢚 㹤 ⾁ 䱨 ᾜ ⃞ 匂 Ҹ 㗸 嬎 ‣ 伢 ℕ 卹 ⡪ ↚ 㜖 㢻虇⎕ ⎴ 㞾 凅 ☛ 啾虃 J虄〤 㢻ҷ ⁴ 儔 㲲虃 E虄〤 㢻 ҷ 䛂 ☌ 宧 虃 D虄 〤 㢻 ☛ 䫼 ▇ 虃 P虄 〤 㢻 虇 军 ▓ 〤 㢻 ⎉ 䖍 䠓 〃 榦 䉉 ㄛ 㢮虇㞝 槾 ᾜ 㞾 㗸 嬎 ⢷ ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ⓐ ᾘ ᾥ 亏 ㏏ 䠓Ҹᾜ ⶠ 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 虇 䢇 ⅰ 㗸 嬎 ‣ 伢 㞾 娺 埫 㟑 㢮 㜖 ⩺ ⁴ 㜾 㑘 佷 䠓 Ҹ 37䛀 㳳 ╾ 嬚 虇 凥 伢 䠓 ᾏ ┆ 㢇 呴 㢘 ⪩ ⃜ ⃫ 冔 ㎥ ⪩ ⋒ 㜖 㢻 ℕ 䀟虇ᾜ ᾏ ℎ ㎠ ↠ 㔛 䴰 ⁉ 槭 㴆 ▁ 䠓 䫭 ⫀ ╊ ⅰ ㅒ虇╜ 军 槾 ⎉ 㴆 ▁ 䠓 ⫶ 䫤虇㎠ ↠ 嬐 岨 ⓠ ᾚ ℕ 虇 㷑䫭㌟㌺虇㞝䠌䴖ᾼ䠓⫶䫤Ҹ
II. ⃕⁴䖕㢇䠓㝷☛汣婐⎕槭 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⌀ 㢘 ⓐ ‛ 䱯虇宧 悘 ⓐ ↚ 㛔 ‚Ҹ䲻 ᾏ 䱯 慿 ╙ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ☛ ᾘ ↚ 㢚 ╚ ╦ 客 䠓 㛔 ‚虇䲻 ‛ 䱯 㕟 ╙ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㑾 㛠 姢 ⩺虇䲻 ᾘ 䱯 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䠓 ᾘ ↚ 㢚 ╚ ⢷ 䇺 䰾 䠓 㛔 ‚虇䲻 ⡪ҷ‣ 䱯 ⎕ ⎴ 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䉉 䔚 孲 ⪱ ☛ 䉉 䔚 孲 ⳦ 䠓 ⴽ ゆ 㛔 ‚虇䲻 ⋼ҷᾒ 䱯 ⏖ ⎕ ⎴ 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⢷ 䓔 ⳟ ⣠ ☛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⪱ 嬚 ⡪ 䔇 䠓 㛔 ‚虇䲻 ⋺ 䱯 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䢚 嬚 ⋻ 低 儙 ☛ ⋻ ⸀ 儙 䠓 榟 ⋕虇䲻 Ῥ 䱯 㞾 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䢚 嬚 ᾒ ᾒ 䠓 䛿 巰虇军 䲻 ⓐ 厂 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 㞾 ⃕ ⁴䖕䢚嬚ᾏᾒ䠓䛿巰Ҹ 36
⁴庌㢇䠓⃫冔㞾尿虇㊞嬚亪享Ҹ⪶汣宏Ὶ虇⋷㢇⋼ⓐ⋼┆╾⎕䉉ᾘ⪶ 扷⎕Ҹ䲻ᾏ扷⎕䉉ᾏ蚙ᾘⓐῬ䱯虇⃫冔䉉⁴庌⋗䥴虇凥伢ⴇ冔憩䯀 䉉Ӂ 䲻 ᾏ ⁴ 庌 ӂҸ䲻 ‛ 扷 ⎕ 䉉 ⡪ ⓐ 蚙 ‣ ⓐ ‣ 䱯虇ⴇ 冔 尜 䉉 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ 娺 埫 ⎿ ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 䠓 ⁴ 吁 ⎦ 㶠 ㏏ 䠓虇䯀 䉉Ӂ 䲻 ‛ ⁴ 庌 ӂҸ厂 㝋 䲻 ᾘ 扷 ⎕ 䉉 ‣ ⓐ ⋼ 蚙 ⋼ ⓐ ⋼ 䱯 虇 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ 娺 埫 㴇 ⡭ 䠓 檧 㶠 ㏏ 䠓 虇 䯀 ⃫ Ӂ 䲻 ᾘ ⁴ 庌 ӂҸ
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▓ 〤 㢻 ㎟ ヱ 㟑 㢮 ⬑ ᾚ處J 〤 㢻 亓 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 950 〃 虖E 〤 㢻 亓 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 850 〃 虖 D 〤 㢻 亓 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 622 〃虖P 〤 㢻 亓 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 500 〃Ҹ㢘 杫 〤 㢻 ⴇ 尹 䠓 専 ㉔ 虇 ╒ 瀴 う 似 䏍 嗦 虇 亏 㬽 䫭 峾 處ҿ 厙 亓 㜖 ⴇ 厖 䫭 ⴇ 處 ⋗ 䥴 㢇 Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 ⪸ 懢 虇 2008虄虇 253-91Ҹ
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⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
ᾏҷ ⋗䥴㢇 ⢷ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 厙 亓 凥 伢 ᾼ虇ᾘ ⓐ Ῥ ┆ 㢇 ⎕ 䉉 ‣ ⪶ 槭 ⎴處䲻 ᾏ 槭 㞾 㗸 嬎 ‣ 伢虇䲻 ‛ 槭 㞾 㴆 ▁ 㢇虇䲻 ᾘ 槭 㞾 寸 㳛 㠉 ㋶ 㢇虇䲻 ⡪ 槭 㞾 ⪶⋗䥴㢇虇䲻‣槭㞾⋗䥴㢇Ҹ⃕⁴䖕㢇ⷻ㝋⪶⋗䥴㢇虇䛀㝋 ⁴ 庌 ҷ凅 ⎸ 丂ҷ⁴ 嬎 仟 ☛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 憩 ⿇ 娺 嬥 ⃫Ӂ ⪶ ӂ⋗ 䥴虇军 ⃤ 嬎 柎 ҷ亓 ゼҷ柎 㗸 ▇ҷ⅓ ⾃ 〤 ҷ亓 㒎 ҷ ホ 慵 ҷ 戲 滊 ҷ ♗ ⾃ 巆 ҷ 嬎䛹桔ҷ♗封ҷ㘡慵⎸ҷ䗹㑘⦉䳘ⓐ‛⃜⋗䥴⏖娺䯀䉉Ӂӂ ⋗䥴Ҹ ⾃ ⋚ 㜾 䐈虃 J. Baxter虄尜 䉉 ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ⎕ 䉉Ӂ ⪶ ӂ☛Ӂ ӂ虇㞾 㢘 ⌅ ⴇ 䖕 㧈 㙩 䠓Ҹ⪶ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ㏏ ⁴ 䯀 䉉Ӂ ⪶ ӂ虇㞾 ⁴ ホ 庌 榟 宏 䉉 伢 虇 ⁴ 厙 亓 ⋗ 䥴 㜖 ⴇ 䠓 ↺ 䖕 ⪶ 亊 䉉 佾Ҹ厂 㝋 ⋗ 䥴 㢇虇⢷ 憨 ⪶ 㧕 㥅 ᾙ 䊰 㾊 䚩 灋 虇 ╹ 㞾 ⃫ 懸 䜅 䠓 婫 ⋔ 军 ⾁ Ҹ 38 尹 處Ӂ ⴒ ↠ 㵞 ᾏ ┆ 抌 㢘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 嗦 捜 灭虇㞾 㜃 ↚ ホ 庌 榟 宏 䠓 氷 〈虇彮 ⁴ 庌 㢇 ҷ 凅 ⎸ 丂 㢇ҷ⁴ 嬎 仟 㢇 ☛ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ㏏ 尹 䠓 㸡 㢘 ⎕ ⎴虖⬌ 㵣 ⏜ 棱 ‣ ┆ ⪶ ⋗ 䥴 㢇虇㞾 㜃 ↚ ホ 庌 榟 宏 䠓 湴 䤿虇军 ㄛ 棱 ⓐ ‛ ⋗ 䥴 㢇虇⏖ 㞾 ⷀ ᾜ ▛ 䠓 扷 ⎕ 虇 ⃫ 悒 乍 亿 䠓 㕞 慿 Ҹ ӂ 39 憨 ⓐ ⋼ ⃜ ⪶ҷ ⋗ 䥴 ㏏ 䠓 㢇虇⌅ 㝷 厖 ホ 庌 榟 宏 㢘 ⵕ ⎖ 䠓 杫 ⅑Ҹ⁴ 庌 ⋗ 䥴 榟 宏 ホ 庌 㞾 ᾏ ⃜ ▪ 军 ╦ 呵 䠓 ≤ ⁉虇䫑 㞾 㛠 庥 Ὴ虇嬐 㹊 䖕 喻 ⢚虖䫑 嬐 㛠 ⁴ 吁 ⎦ ⁉虇΅ 嬐 㛠 㟽 ⪸ Ὶ ᾚ 䠓 ⪥ 戵 ⁉ Ҹ 凅 ⎸ 丂 ⋗ 䥴 ⏖ 榟 宏 ホ 庌 ㅔ 䋅 㞾 Ӂ ⪶ 姪 䠓 呦 婣 ӂ虇 ⶖ 㑪 凩 ⎕ 㛲 ▓ ⢿ 䠓 ⁴ 吁 ⎦ ⁉ 㴇 ⡭ 䫥 ⢚ 慵 ⓦ ⢿虇捜 ら ⵅ ⢡Ҹ⁴ 嬎 仟 ⋗ 䥴 ┊ 榟宏ホ庌ᾜ✽㞾⪶▪䔚虇㢃㞾⪶䏶冔虇⢷䫑䠓伀㹊☛䏶檙Ὶ ᾚ虇㜿 䠓 凥 㵎 ら 䱚 弆 ℕҷ㜿 䠓 㛻 㑫 厗 䡪 弆 ℕҸ厂 㝋 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⋗ 䥴 虇
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▁ 岍 ⾃ 㜾 ㅆ 嗦 虇 㫙 䏶 巆 峾 處ҿ 凥 伢 䦣 䰅 虃 ┆ ᾘ 虄Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 䮽 丌 虇 1983虄虇 榐 294-95Ҹ
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▁ 岍 ⾃ 㜾 ㅆ 嗦 虇 㫙 䏶 巆 峾 處ҿ 凥 伢 䦣 䰅 虃 ┆ ᾏ 虄Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 䮽 丌 虇 1983虄虇 榐 26Ҹ
!ܚ᠌ގԤȅϼᙚӟڷѴ༈
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㢃 ⶖ ホ 庌 嬐 ℕ 䠓 㟑 〞ҷ㴆 ▁ ‚ ₅ 䠋 䚮 䠓 ⋗ ㄛ虇ᾏ ᾏ ⷤ 䖍 ⎉ ℕ 虇 ╺崏冔亿ㅒ䛨㊞虇ᾜ╾悤ㆌҸ
‛ҷ 㴆▁㢇 ⢷ 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 䠓 凥 ⌇ ᾼ虇⁴ 吁 ⎦ 䠓 ▁ 㢇 厖 ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 厙 亓 ⋷ 㢇 ⴛ ⋷ 䢇 ▛Ҹ䋅 军虇⏜ 冔 厖 ㄛ 冔 䠓 慴 䛿 Ὶ 埤 ῒ 㞾處䲻 ᾏ虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨 凥 ⌇ ╹ 㢘 ‛ ⓐ ‣ ┆虇⡯ 䉉 ⶖ 㘡 㵜 凂 宧ҷ⎦ 䔚 亏ҷ㴆 ㅦ ⎕ 䉉 ᾘ ┆ 㢇虇军 ᾜ 㞾 ⋼ ┆ 㢇 虃 ᾙ ᾚ 虄Ҹ 䲻 ‛ 虇 ⶖ ⁴ 㜾 㑘 宧 ☛ ⷋ ⾛ 丂 宧 ▗ 䉉 ᾏ ┆ 虇 军 ᾜ 㞾 ⋸ ┆Ҹ䲻 ᾘ虇ⶖ ⓐ ‛ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 嬥 䉉 ᾏ ┆虇军 ᾜ 㞾 ⓐ ‛ ┆ 㢇Ҹ ⡯ 㳳虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨 凥 ⌇ 厖 ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 厙 亓 凥 伢 ⢷ ┆ 㜇 ᾙ 桥 㢘 ⽽ 䛿虇⃕ ⋶ ⵈ㞾ᾏ㮲䠓Ҹ 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 凥 ⌇ 䠓 汣 婐 ⎕ 槭虇厖 ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 ⎕ 槭 ㎹ 䋅 ᾜ ▛Ҹ ↠ ⶖ ‛ ⓐ ‣ ┆ 㢇 ⎕ 䉉 ᾘ ⪶ 槭 ⎴處ㄚ 㹤 㢇虃 Torah虄ҷ⋗ 䥴 㢇虃 Nevim虄 ☛ 嗦 ⃫虃 Ketuvim虄Ҹㄚ 㹤 㢇虇│ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 ㏏ 宏 䠓 㗸 嬎 ‣ 伢Ҹ⋗ 䥴 㢇 䠓 ⎕ 槭虇┊ 厖 ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 ⎕ 槭 慴 䋅 ᾜ ▛Ҹ䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ⶖ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ⎕ 䉉Ӂ ⏜ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ӂ ☛ Ӂ ㄛ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ӂ虇 ⏜ 冔 ⒔ 㑻 亓 㢇 宧 ҷ ⩺ ⾺ 宧 ҷ 㘡 㵜 凂 宧 ☛ ⎦ 䔚 亏虇军 ㄛ 冔 ⒔ 㑻 ⁴ 庌 㢇ҷ凅 ⎸ 丂 㢇ҷ⁴ 嬎 仟 㢇 ☛ ⓐ ‛ ⋗䥴㢇Ҹ檧ᾚ▓┆伢㢇虇䠕㴇⋴Ӂ嗦⃫ӂῚ⎦Ҹ 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 凥 ⌇ 䠓Ӂ 嗦 ⃫ ӂ΅ ╾ 亿 ⎕ 䉉 ᾘ ⪶ 仓 ⎴虇⦉ 䣲 ㄡ ㄭ ᾼ ╾ ⁴ ― 孲 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ㅒ 䡽 ᾼ 䠓 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㞾 ㆝ 㮲 䠓 ᾏ 㢻 㢇虇厖 ⬑ ⃤ 寽 捚 ҷ 孲 崏 ☛ 孲 㭚 憨 㢇 㢘 ⵕ ⎖ 䠓 杫 ⅑ ҸӁ 嗦 ⃫ ӂ Ὶ ᾚ 䠓 㢇 ┆ 虇 䲻 ᾏ ↚ 仓⎴㞾寸㳛㠉㋶㢇虇⬑寸䵖ҷ䵃宏☛亓₾宧Ҹ䲻‛↚仓⎴䯀⃫ Ӂ ‣ ┆ ӂ虇 K 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ⢷ 䓅 ⪹ 〃 㡕 䠓 ‣ ↚ 䵏 㢮 ᾼ 尵 崏 ☛ 䢐 ㆬ 虇 ⒔ 㑻 懍 弙 䵏 尵 崏 䠓 桔 㳛虇⃞ 㩩 䵏 尵 崏 䠓 ≂ 懢 㢇虇‣ 㝻 䵏 尵 崏 䠓 彾 ㄦ 宧虇凥 㵎 娺 㵏 㝴 尵 崏 䠓 凅 ⎸ 丂 ♏ 㳛 ☛ 㟽 䕴 㝴 尵 崏 䠓 ⁴ 㜾 ⾥ 宧Ҹ㢏 ㄛᾏ↚仓⎴㞾㴆▁㢇虇│⃕⁴䖕㢇ҷ⁴㜾㑘虈ⷋ⾛丂宧☛㴆
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⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
ㅦ Ҹ 40 䛀 㳳 ╾ 嬚 虇 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ㄡ 厖 ⦉ 䣲 ㄡ Ӂ ⋗ 䥴 㢇 ӂ ☛ Ӂ 㴆 ▁ 㢇 ӂ 䠓孲崏☛䖕孲虇╾尹㞾ⓦ惔⒦惜Ҹ⦉䣲ㄡ尜䉉⃕⁴䖕㢇㞾⋗䥴 㢇虇⃕ 䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ㄡ ┊ 尜 䉉 㞾 㴆 ▁ 㢇虖⦉ 䣲 ㄡ 尜 䉉 亓 㢇 宧ҷ⩺ ⾺ 宧ҷ 㘡㵜凂宧☛⎦䔚亏㞾㴆▁㢇虇⃕䓅⪹㛨ㄡ┊尜䉉㞾⋗䥴㢇Ҹ
ᾘҷ ⪸⛮㜖ⴇ ⢷ ⋸ 亓 Ὶ 朢虇ⶳ ⌅ 㞾 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ ‛ ᾥ 亏 厂 ⋻ ⋒ ㄛ ‛ ᾥ 亏虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨 ☛ ⦉ 䣲 㛨 䠓 㜖 ⴇ ⣖ ⎉ 䖍 ᾏ 䮽 㜿 㜖 汣 虇 伀 䯀 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 虃 apocalyptic literature虄Ҹ 厙 亓 䠓 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ☛ 㜿 亓 䠓 ⛮ 䫉 撓 ⷀ 㞾 㢏 ℂ 䠓 ℚ ⳟ 虇 洠 ㅆ 䀺 䚩 厂 尜 䉉 㘡 慵 ⎸ 㢇 ΅ ╾ 㴇 ⋴ ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇҸ 41 尜 䉉 憨 䮽 㜖 ⴇ 汣 婐 㢘 ᾏ 䐈 吁虇⏜ ⓙ 扷 ⎕ 慿 ╙ 㴆 ▁ ‚ ₅虇军 ㄛ ⓙ 扷 ⎕ ⏖ 慿 ╙ 㢺 㝴 榟 宏Ҹℚ ⬑ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⏜ ⋼ 䱯 ☛ ㄛ ⋼ 䱯虇㘡 慵 ⎸ 㢇 䠓 ⏜ ⋺ 䱯 ☛ㄛ⋼䱯虇⛮䫉撓䠓⏜ᾘ䱯☛ㄛⓐῬ䱯Ҹ ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 厖 ⋗ 䥴 榟 宏 㢘 ⵕ ⎖ 䠓 杫 ⅑虇‚ ᾙ虇⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ ╾ 尹 䀟 卹 ⋗ 䥴 䠓 䫭 屼虇⡯ ⋸ 冔 䠕 厖Ӂ ⶖ ℕ ӂ☛Ӂ 㢺 㝴 ӂ㢘 杫Ҹㄭ 䫭 ⴇ 孡 〵 ℕ 尹虇⋗ 䥴 䠓Ӂ 㢹 ℕ 榟 宏 ӂᾼ 䠓Ӂ 㢹 ℕ ӂ㞾 ㄭӁ 䖍 ⁙ ӂゅ 军 ℕ 䠓 虃 future arises out of the present虄虇 军 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 䠓 Ӂ 㢺 㝴 榟 宏 ӂ ┊ ⴲ 䯀 Ӂ 㢺 㝴 ӂ ㄭ Ӂ 䜅 ᾚ ӂ 军 柜 虃 future breaks into the
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⢷⾛₾ℕ凥伢婰虇憨ᾘ┆㢇䠓⋗ㄛ㔡⎦㞾⬑㳳䠓Ҹ㒘≂伀䓅⪹㛨孏灭军 宏虇⁴㜾㑘宧厂ⷋ⾛丂宧☛㴆ㅦ䠕㞾⁴㜾㑘㏏䠓Ҹ⃕㧈㙩慠〃ⴇ冔 冒䰅㏏ㄦ虇㴆ㅦ䠓⃫冔ᾜ㞾⁴㜾㑘虇ῒ㞾娺埫ㄛ䲻‛㎥䲻ᾘ䠓⁉Ҹ ⃫ 㝴 㢮 亓 ⋻ ⋒ ⏜ 450 厂 400 〃 Ὶ 朢 虇 䡽 䠓 㞾 岪 慿 ⅰ ㅒ 厖 㛠 ㇸ 䠓 㴆 ▁ Ҹ ⾛₾ℕ凥伢ⶖ㴆ㅦ㛍⢷㢏ㄛ虇㳲⬌㚾㒐憨孏灭Ҹ╒㵣䏍柎岍ㅆҷ⾒広 ㇸ 㑫 䏍 嗦 虇 㜖 ⳟ 㨐 峾 處ҿ 厙 亓 憞 㤟 處 ⋷ 㝈 ⃜ 䦣 崏 厙 亓 Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 䂱 尭 凥 伢 ⓣ 㢒 虇 2008虄虇 榐 252-53Ҹ
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Joyce G. Baldwin, Daniel, TOTC (Leicester: InterVarsity Press, 1978), 50Ҹ 専 ㉔ ╒ Joyce G. Baldwin, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi, TOTC (Leicester: InterVarsity Press, 1972), 70-74Ҹ
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present虄Ҹ 42 䋅 军 虇 楢 㩽 虃 P. Hanson虄 ┊ ➦ 寵 ⁴ 䫍 㢒 ⴇ 孏 灭 虇 │ 䫍 㢒 婰 䠓 䖍 㻍虃 realists in society虄☛ 䉞 ㏧ 戵 䠓 䛿 巰 㻍虃 utopian visionaries虄虇孲 捚 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ ⎉ 䖍 䠓 ⡯ 䛀處䜅 䓅 ⪶ ‰ ⢚ ㄛ虇 ↠ 崆 Ὴ 厗 戵 䠓Ӂ 䖍 ӂ㢮 䢋 憟 䃇 《 䁔虇䢇 個 军 弆 䠓 ⅎ 㞾Ӂ 䖕 ㊂ ӂ䢋 㢪 虇 䍀 ⎖ ₐ 䢋 䫭 䢃 㔴 ⁚ ⋴ 虇 崢 ⁴ 吁 ⎦ 㴆 ▁ ㄦ ⁴ 捜 㜿 朚 ⭚ Ҹ 43 ⪸⛮㜖ⴇ㢘⌅䓷䐈䠓ᾥ䛛孏ҷ㴆▁孏☛⃫㐏⽶虇䓅⪹⁉ 䠓 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ ╾ 憌 䀾 卹 ‰ ⢚ ⏜ ⪤ ☛ 娺 埫 Ὶ 㟑Ҹ⁴ 庌 㢇 䲻 ‛ ⓐ ⡪ 厂 ‛ ⓐ ᾒ 䱯ҷ⁴ 嬎 仟 㢇 䲻 ᾘ ⓐ ⋺ 厂 ᾘ ⓐ Ῥ 䱯ҷ㘡 慵 ⎸ 㢇 䲻 Ῥ 厂 ⓐ ⡪ 䱯 ╾ 尹 㞾 ⌇ ⤚ 䠓 ℚ ⳟ虇㢇 ᾼ ⿇ ⿇ ⴲ 䯀Ӂ 䫭 䠓 ⎳ ӂ卷 慠 ―ҷӁ Ὴ 䠓 㝴 ⳟ ӂ│ ⶖ 柜 卷Ҹ⢷ 㴆 ▁ 䠓 仑 虇䫭 ㄭ ⪸ 军 柜虇㏢ 㛦 戹 ㉰ ⑱ 虇 䉉 儸 ⁉ 䛂 ⌳虇捜 ら ⋻ 㳲ҷ⋻ 儸ҷ⋻ 。 䠓 䖕 ㊂ ⢚ 〵Ҹ 44 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 懑 ⋔ 䂎 ‛ ⋒ 履虃 dualism虄䠓 吁 ヸ處⪸ ᾙ 厖 ⢿ ᾙҷ⪸ ℎ 厖 泋 泣ҷ⪸ ⢚ 厖 ⎦ ⢚ҷ䫭 ⳟ 厖 ▪ 䔚ҷ⁉ ⳟ 厖 ⡪ 䔇ҷ凥 䃣 厖 ᾥ Ⅶҷ⁙ ᾥ 厖 ℕ ᾥ 䳘
42
ツ 㷇 ⅰ 處ҿ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 寊 捚 Ӏ虇 榐 38-39Ҹ 㢘 杫 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 虇 ╒ Hartman and Alexander, The Book of Daniel, 62-74虖 Towner, Daniel, 10-15Ҹ
43
Towner, Daniel, 13-14Ҹ
44
ⴇ冔Ӂ⪸⛮ӂ厖Ӂ㢺ᾥӂ憨⋸↚杫攄寭䠓►儸☛㒖㼘╾⁴ᾜ▛虇㵣䏍 虃 Beale虄 ⢷ ⌅ 䦣 䰅 嗦 ⃫ ᾼ ⃫ ⎉ 䛛 虇 㢻 㢇 イ 䚷 ⬑ ᾚ 虇 K 崏 冔 ╒ 冒 Ҹ 懢 處 By “apocalyptic” will be meant the revelation of secrets concerning future events of history or other hidden information about the divine operation of the cosmos. This revelation is usually viewed as being communicated through the medium of a vision to a seer, although this visionary form should not be seen as the only literary form by which apocalyptic ideas may be expressed. In using the term “eschatology” a twofold meaning may be included. The word will be employed with reference to the judgment of the evil world kingdoms, which is followed by the establishment of a divine kingdom still in the present age. Secondly, the idea of the judgment of the world kingdoms also can include that of a cataclysmic destruction of the presently existing cosmos and the establishment of a kingdom in a new heaven and earth. G. K. Beale, The Use of Daniel in Jewish Apocalyptic Literature and in the Revelation of St. John (Lanham: University Press of America, 1984), 6Ҹ
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⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
孏 ㆄ ☛ ⢥ ≞Ҹ 45 ℚ ⬑ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 1 厂 3 䵏虇 ᖻ ᅗᝉ ᒽ ᓇ Ꮵ
ጴ Ꮻ ᛵ ፞ ᗐ ᜳ ᒓ ᪰ Ꮬ ᨄ ᩪ ᗔᅗᗄ ᎎ ᑺ ጙ ⓵ ⚈ᅗᬙ ᑺ ᎔ ᗔ ᛸ ᗭ ᒀ ᅗᕶ ᑺ ᱑ ∐ ᛵᅙᓇ Ꮵ ᛵ Ꮻ ጱᅗጉ ᑀ ␙ ᑋ Ꭱ ጆ ᛵᅗᏜ ᬗ ៗ ᭕ᅙ⃙ ᑋ ‾ ᤛ ጱ ᛵᅗᏜ ᑺ ᑑ ዷ ᳞ ␐ᅗᗥ ጱ ᑺ ᬗ Ꮽ ᛵᅗᑺ ᗽ ᯾ ᩯ Ꮽ ⅟ ᰳ ⇭ ᳢ ᛵᅙᴙ ⇡ ዷ Ꮬ ᶋ ᐤ ᑙ ᐹ ፞ ጆ ᛵ ᐤᅜᖻ ᗐ ᑑ ዷ ▀ὤᛵᅗᏜᶋᐤᑙ៧ᅗᛸᗭᏭᏭ⅟⅟ᅙʳ
⡪ҷ㠉㋶㜖ⴇ 嗦 ▜ 厙 亓 凥 伢 ⴇ 冔 欽 㑘 ㅆ 虃 von Rad虄 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 㒐 㢘 厖 ⎴ ᾜ ▛ 䠓 嬚 孲虇 尜 䉉 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 厖 榟 宏 㞾 ⋸ 䩋 ⳟ 䠓 ‚虇ᾜ ╾ 㾆 䉉 ᾏ 屖Ҹ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇ 䠓 䀟 榼 ᾜ 㞾 ℕ 卹 榟 宏虇ῒ 䀟 㝋 㠉 ㋶ ≂ 伀Ҹ 46 䓅 ⪹ ⋗ 䥴 ㏏ 慿 䠓 榟 宏 桕 ᾼ ⢷ ⁴ 吁 ⎦ ⁉ 䠓 㛠 ㇸ 㴆 ▁虇⃕ 㠉 ㋶ ≂ 伀 䠓 䊵 灭 ┊ 俺 㝋 ᾥ 䛛 㴆 ▁Ҹㄗ ⪩ 㟑虇⁴ 吁 ⎦ ⁉ ᾜ 㞾 ⪸ ⛮ 㜖 ⴇ 䠓 Ὴ 孡Ҹℚ ⬑ ⃕ ⁴䖕㢇䠓⡪䔇虇捜灭㞾⡪↚⾬⢚虇军ᾜ㞾⁴吁⎦Ҹ ⢷⃕⁴䖕㢇ᾼ虇⃕⁴䖕⁴Ӂ㠉冔ӂ孡吁⎉䖍Ҹ⢷䲻ᾏ䱯虇 厖 ᾘ ╚ 娺 埫 ⎿ ⾃ 㵣 ↺虇㔴 ╦ 客 侃虇婬 ∨ 卹 ⾀ ㎟ 䉉 㢘 䥴 峧ҷⴇ ⛞ ☛㠉㋶䠓姢⩺Ҹ⢷䲻ⓐ‛䱯虇⪸ℎ΅⁴Ӂ㠉冔ӂ憨孏ㆄ⃫仟虇
ᴙ ⇡ ዷ Ꮬ ᶋ ᐤ ᑙ ᐹ ፞ ጆ ᛵ ᐤᅜᖻ ᗐ ᑑ ዷ ▀ ὤ ᛵᅗᏜ ᶋ ᐤ ᑙ ៧ ᅗ ᛸ ᗭ Ꮽ Ꮽ ⅟ ⅟ ᅙ 47 㧈 㙩 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ㏏ 宏 虇 㠉 ㋶ ≂ 伀 ⒔ 㑻 ㏚ 坬 虃 artisan虄ҷ 㹤 姢 虃 magic虄ҷ ⓯ ⓫ 虃 mantic wisdom虄 ☛ ⴽ ゆ 㠉 ㋶
45
‛ ⋒ 履 㛨 ㆬ ㊂ 䀟 卹 㹱 㜾 䠓 䫕 㛨虃 Zoroastrianism虄 虇✓ 䫭 厖 ㉰ 䫭 ㄋ 㳳 䎼 沴Ҹ
46
“Our concern here, however, is simply to mark the great gulf which separates apocalyptic literature from prophecy. Once it is realized, however, that [Wisdom] knowledge is thus the nerve-centre of apocalyptic literature, knowledge based on a universal Jahwism, surprisingly divorsed from the saving history, it should not be difficult to determine the real matrix from which apocalyptic literature originates.”嬚 Gerhard von Rad, Old Testament Theology, vol. 2 (London: SCM, 1985), 306Ҹ
47
ⓐ ‛ 3Ҹ
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虃 court wisdom虄Ҹ 48 ‚ ᾙ虇䓅 ⪹ 㛨 䠓 㠉 ㋶ ≂ 伀 ╾ 憌 䀾 厂 㝞 朆 㟑 㢮Ҹ亓 䗮 ⷀ 㞾 ⁴ 孲⪱☛⓯⓫军凭▜虇ℜ䱚㝋⥒╙㹤冐䔚䠓棱⏜虇⎉₊⥒╙䠓ⴿ 䢇Ҹ厂 㝋 㗸 嬎虇卹 》 㔴 ╦ ⥒ ╙ 䠓 ⴽ ゆ 㛨 剁虇㼇 㽺 㝋 ⴽ ゆ 㠉 ㋶ Ὶ ᾼҸ 㝴 ㄛ虇 㝌 姛 䫭 忮虇⿅ 榧 ⁴ 吁 ⎦ ⁉ 桱 朚 ⥒ ╙虇懝 五 㼆虇▜ 凭 懟 或 Ҹ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕虇΅ ⁴ ⴽ ゆ 㠉 ㋶ 军 凭 ▜Ҹ 厖 ⾃ 㵣 ↺ 䔚 ⴽ 䠓 姢 ⩺ҷ䚷 㹤 姢 䠓ҷ姛 戹 姢 䠓 ☛ 孏 ⋕ 䠓 ▛ ₨虇 ㎟ 䉉 ⷋ ⾒ 䛁 ⷋ 㘡 䔚 孲 ⪱ 军 ㎟ 䉉 ↠ 䠓 榧 娥Ҹ₾ 㸨 㘡 䔚 〃 朢虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 䉉 䔚 孲 崏 䏕 ᾙ 䠓 ⳦虇ℜ 䱚 ⢚ ᾼ 䠓 䲻 ᾘ ⃜虇⣟ › ⴽ ᾼ 䠓 㲙 ⑱Ҹ⾛ 榢虃 E. Heaton虄懑 Ὴ ツ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䖕 ㍘ ⎦ ⋴ 厙 亓 䠓 㠉 ㋶ 㢇虇⬑ 䵃 宏 ᾏ 㮲虇婰 棱 㢘 㛔 ‚ ☛ 㧋 宏 虇 イ ⁉ 尜 峧 厂 汧 䢮 䫭 虇 ΅ 㛨 ⁉ ⬑ ⃤ 䚮 㻊 卹 埤 Ҹ 49
‣ҷ㜖ⴇ嗦⃫ 㵚 ぇ 僽 䜠虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㞾 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ 䠓 嗦 ⃫虇ᾜ ▛ 㛨 ⅰ ⁿ 儳 汣 䠓 崏冔╾㢘ᾜ▛䠓寽捚☛孲崏Ҹ⬑ᾙ㏏慿虇䓅⪹㛨ㄡ嬥Ὶ䉉㴆▁ 㢇虇ⴲ 慿 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ 䠓 㴆 ▁虇ⶳ ⌅ 㞾 娺 埫 ㄛ 䠓 㶠 㝞 㴆 ▁虇䚩 厂 ⒔ 㑻 欻 㵣㟑䠓姏㽩▁Ҹ⃕⦉䣲ㄡ嬥Ὶ䉉榟宏㢇虇榟宏ホ庌䠓嘭 卷虇军 ⦉ 䣲 ㄡ 㢃 䢇 ⅰ 厙 亓 ⋷ 㢇虇⢷ 㜿 亓 ⋷ 㢇 䠓 ⛮ 䫉 ☛ ⋘ 䋶 ᾚ虇㏜ ╾ ▗ 懸 军 㳲 䩉 寽 捚Ҹ ↠ 䠓 ⅰ ㆄ 㞾處⦉ 䣲 凅 䯛 ⷀ 㞾 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ㏏ 䢋 㢪 䠓ホ庌Ҹ Ӂ 榟 宏 ӂ㢘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 寽 捚 ☛ 䖕 孲虇⡯ 军 䚱 䚮 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 䂣 倈虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 㝱 ╾ ⁴ 㞾 㴆 ▁ 㢇虇΅ ╾ ⁴ 㞾 榟 宏 㢇 ㎥ ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇ虇䚩 厂 㞾 㠉 ㋶ 㜖 ⴇ Ҹ 㹱 嘑 ┓ 㜾 虃 N. Porteous虄 尹 處Ӂ 㢏 㞝 㠉 䠓 愵 㹤 虇 㞾 ⶖ ⃕
48
㏃ 㻸 悬 ⶖ 厙 亓 Ӂ 㠉 ㋶ ӂ 䠓 ㍘ 䚷 䵓 䜖 ⎕ 䉉 處虃 ᾏ 虄 㹤 姢 虖虃 ‛ 虄 卹 䋅 䠓 䥴 峧 虖虃 ᾘ 虄 ⽴ 坬 虖虃 ⡪ 虄 岏 䛴 ☛ 虃 ‣ 虄 䚷 䠓 䚮 㻊 䥴 峧 Ҹ ╒ ㏃ 㻸 悬 處ҿ 㠉 ㋶ 㜖 ⴇ 履 Ӏ虃 欨 㾾 處 懢 刁 虇 2008虄虇 榐 2-5Ҹ
49
D. S. Russell, Daniel, DSB (Edinburgh: Saint Andrew Press, 1991), 7Ҹ
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⋷㝈⃜孲崏⃕⁴䖕㢇
⁴ 䖕 㢇 䜅 ⃫ ᾏ ┆ ⓢ 弙 䠓 㜖 ⴇ虇婰 棱 㢘 㾔 㫩 䠓 嬚 峘虇ㄭ 㝸 㢮 䠓 ⋗ 䥴 㜖 ⴇ ᾼ虇↮ 䚷 ― ▓ 䮽 㝈 ゞ虇㥢 ᾙ ⋗ 䥴 㜖 ⴇ 䠓 吁 ヸ虇⌋ 㢘 㠉 ㋶ 㜖 ⴇ 厖 寸 䵖 䠓 尭 屎虇個 㐎 ― ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇ虇桥 䋅 ⛮ 䫉 㜖 ⴇ ⿇ 姷 䖍 ⎉ ᾏ 䮽 懝 〵 䑑 䍀 䠓 ㊂ ≞ 虇 憨 䮽 ㉔ ヱ ⢷ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 Ὶ ᾼ ⏖ ᾜ ⪹ 槾 嗦 Ҹ ӂ 50 ⃫䉉⦉䣲ㄡ䏶冔☛ᾥ䛛㛨䦣䰅ⴇ冔虇⡯䉉⏜冔䠓䐈㴙怺 ⎕虇䳕 冔 嬐 㒐 ⴗ ↚ ⁉ ⒥ҷῊ 汣 ㆶ ☛ ㏏ ⷻ 㻍 䠓 ⅰ ⁿ 䱚 ⧃虖⡯ 䉉 ㄛ 冔 䠓 ‚ 㫼 怺 ⎕虇䳕 冔 嬐 㒐 ⋻ 。ҷ⋻ 㳲ҷ⋻ ⋐ 䠓 ⴇ 姢 䱚 ⧃Ҹ⡯ 㳳 虇 䳕 冔 ➦ 寵 㔰 ╥ 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ 䠓 寽 捚 彾 佩虇孲 㭚ҷ孲 崏 ☛ 孲 䩋 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇Ҹ 51 䖍 巰 ⴇ 寽 捚 㝈 㹤虇⪶ 汣 ᾙ ⒔ 㑻 ⋸ ↚ ⦉ 㢻 ⋒ 亯Ҹ䲻 ᾏ虇ⶖ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 憨 㜖 㢻 ㏏ 宧 悘 䠓 ⋶ ⵈ 䖍 巰虇䡰 捞 ⴱ 孏Ӂ 㕞 慿 ӂ⎉ ℕҸ䲻 ‛ 虇 䉉 憨 ⋶ ⵈ 䖍 巰 虇 ⃫ ⎉ ▗ 军 ▗ 䖕 䠓 Ӂ 寽 捚 ӂҸ 㝱䋅⃕⁴䖕㢇㞾䓅⪹⁉䠓嗦⃫虇䓅⪹⁉卹㢘⌅⃫㐏⽶☛ 樷 㧋Ҹ䳕 冔 㔰 ╥ 䓅 ⪹ ⁉ ABA 㜖 ⴇ 仟 㭚 㹤虇孲 㭚 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 ⋷ 㢇ҸABA 㜖 ⴇ 仟 㭚 虇 ╾ 䯀 䉉 Ӂ 䂱 ⦰ ⒔ ӂ 㜖 ⴇ ㏚ 㹤 Ҹ 槶 ▜ ㆬ 儸 虇Ӂ 䂱 ⦰ ⒔ ӂ 䠓 䐈 吁 㞾 灄 ⒔ ᾼ 朢 ⫍ 嗦 ᾏ ⧙ 䏪 刘 虇Ӂ 䏪 刘 ӂ ⷀ 㞾 䂱 ⦰ ⒔ 䠓 干 灭 Ҹ 呴 ⋸ ⧙ 灄 ⒔ ᾼ 朢 ⫍ 嗦 泩 㦂 虇Ӂ 泩 㦂 ӂ ⷀ 㞾 䂱 ⦰ ⒔ 䠓 干 灭 Ҹ 㢻 㢇 ⶖ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 ⎕ 䉉 ⓐ ↚ 㜖 㢻 㵄 嗌虇⎕ ⎴ 宧 悘 ⓐ ↚ 㛔 ‚Ҹ㵞 ᾏ ↚ 㛔 ‚ 䠓 㜖 㢻 㵄 嗌虇䳕 冔 䠕 ⁴Ӂ 䂱 ⦰ ⒔ ӂ㜖 ⴇ 仟 㭚 ℕ 孲 㭚虇ㄭ 军 㐍
50
▛ ᾙ 虇 榐 7Ҹ
51
㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ虇厖 ⚁ ⴇ 䖍 巰 ⴇ ㇾ ㇾ 䢇 杫虇军 ⚁ ⴇ 䖍 巰 ⴇ 㢘 ‣ ↚ Ὴ 嬐 䠓 ⋒ 亯 處 虃ᾏ虄㕞慿䖍巰處伢毦⋶ⵈ㎥₊⃤㜖㢻䠓⎕㳶ㆶҷ媖桫ㆶ☛巟ⵛㆶ虇 ⃫ ⎉ ⴱ 孏 军 ⋷ 棱 䠓 㕞 慿虖 虃 ‛ 虄╜ 戓 ┮處戎 ⋜ ▓ 䮽 ᾜ ▛ ヱ ゞ 䠓 ⒥ 亓 Ὴ 儸虇 ℚ ⬑ 䭠 ⴇ ⒥ 亓 Ὴ 儸 ☛ 䫭 ⴇ ⒥ 亓 Ὴ 儸 虖虃 ᾘ 虄⌅ ㊞ ■ ㆶ 處 㵞 ᾏ ↚ ㊞ 峧 㻊 ⑤ 虇 䠕 㒖 ■ 㥟 ᾏ ㊞ 䠓 巰 虖虃 ⡪ 虄㛍 懁 㑻 ザ 處 ⍰ 㠺 㟑 㢹 劌 䩉 尜 䠓 ‚ ㉔ 虇 㔰 ╥ ⳧ 军 ᾜ 履 䠓 ㋚ 〵 虇 ᾜ ⬓ ᾚ 履 虖虃 ‣ 虄䢃 孏 㟾 巰 處 㔰 ╥ 䢃 孏 㹤 尜 峧 ‚ 䏸 䠓 㢻 幹 Ҹ Douglas Allen, “Phenomenology of Religion,” in ER 11 (New York: Macmillan, 1987), 274-75Ҹ専 ㉔ ╒ James L. Cox, Expressing the Sacred: An Introduction to the Phenomenology of Religion (Zimbabwe: University of Zimbabwe, 1996), 26-43Ҹ
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⎉ 㛔 ‚ 䠓 ᾼ ㅒ ㆬ ㊂虖䩉 ― 㜖 㢻 㵄 嗌 䠓 Ὴ 㝷 ㄛ虇⌜ ⃫ ⎉ 䢇 ㍘ 䠓 寽 捚 Ҹ 52 孲 㭚 ☛ 孲 崏 ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 ⓐ ↚ 㛔 ‚ ㄛ虇㏜ 㢒 伫 ▗ ⎕ 㤟虇䰅 䱮 憨 ⓐ ‛ 䱯 䠓 Ὴ 㝷 㞾 䚩 灋 ◱ 虚 ⋷ 㢇 䠓 ⪶ 佀 仟 㭚 ╗ 㞾 䚩 灋 ◱ 虚 㕪 宏 Ὶ虇⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 ⪶ 佀 仟 㭚 ☛ ᾼ ㅒ ㆬ ㊂ 㠺 㟑 㢒 Ӂ ⳧ 军 ᾜ 履 ӂ虇 䛨 ㄔ 㢻 㢇 䠓 仟 履 ㏜ 専 亿 宝 履Ҹ䳕 冔 㔰 ╥ 㛨 䖍 巰 ⴇ 憨 䮽 㝈 㹤虇Ὴ 嬐 ⡯ 䉉 䓅 ⪹ 㛨ҷ⪸ Ὴ 㛨ҷ⦉ 䣲 㛨虇䚩 厂 ⌅ 㛨 ⅰ ⁿ 䠓 ⁉ ⩺ ⃕ ⁴ 䖕 㢇 䠓 㜖 㢻 抌 㢘 ᾜ ▛ 䠓 寽 捚Ҹ㝱 䋅 ⬑ 㳳虇㢏 ⬌ ⶖ ▓ 㮲 孏 灭 㠺 㟑 㛍 ᾚ虇㔰 ╥ 㜖 ⴇ ⎕ 㤟 㹤 虇 崢 伢 㜖 卹 慿 ⌅ 宏 虃 let the text speak for itself虄Ҹ
52
䏪刘Ӂ䂱⦰⒔ӂ婰虇΅㢘䛹咓ҷ䚮啫ҷ棡䙫䳘拜啫虇⃕䏪刘㏜㞾䂱⦰⒔ 䠓捜灭Ҹ⬑㳳槭㔷虇㵞↚㛔‚㜖㢻㵄嗌ᾼ虇΅㢒㢘乍ヸ伢㜖⎉䖍虇⃕╹ 㞾 Ӂ 拜 啫 ӂ虇 ᾜ 㞾 Ӂ Ὴ 啫 ӂҸ
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