AD 2.2 - SEMESTER TWO PORTFOLIO MOHAMED MAHMOOD - 33348759
1. OSLO OPERA HOUSE - PRECEDENT 2. THE BREIF 3. THE IVY YORK
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRECEDENT STUDIES MOHAMED MAHMOOD - 33348759
"The opera house is the realisation of the winning competition entry. Four diagrams, which were part of the entry, explain the building’s basic concept." The opera house is situated in Oslo in Norway and is considered the biggest opera house in the country. The structure contains several theatres, conference rooms, offices and a bar area. One of the main features of the design is the square that is formed due to the shape of the building. The building creates a piazza that is situated on the roof of the building. That is accessible through the slanted roof that acts as a ramp. Due to this very unique design even the roof of the building is put to use. The concept of the building is based on three main elements that are carried out throughout the whole design on the building. The three main elements are the "wave wall", "the factory" and finally "the carpet".
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Introduction
Architects: Snohetta Location: Bjørvika, Oslo, Norway Client: Ministry of Church an Cultural Affairs Area: 38.500sqm Construction start: 2004 Completion: 2007 Contractors: 55 contracts
Geological Engineer: NGI Structural Engineer: Reinertsen Engineering ANS Electrical Engineer: Ingeniør Per Rasmussen AS Theatre Planning: Theatre Project Consultants Acoustics: Brekke Strand Akustikk, Arup Acoustic Artists, integrated artwork: Kristian Blystad, Kalle Grude, Jorunn Sannes, Astrid Løvaas og Kirsten Wagle
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Facts & Figures
First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Ground Floor Plan
Third Floor Plan
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Plans
First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Ground Floor Plan
Public spaces
Third Floor Plan
Theatrical Areas
Private Spaces
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Spacial Hierarchy
First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Ground Floor Plan
Third Floor Plan
Public Foyer
Offices
Courtyard
Storage
Toilets
Backstage
Private Foyer
Bar
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Spacial Arrangements
Auditorium
First Floor Plan
Second Floor Plan
Ground Floor Plan
Third Floor Plan
Public Circulation Private Circulation
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Circulation Systems
The architectural language that has ben used on the outside of the building is also used in the internal spaces in order to covey the message of the architect. Sense and feeling of openness is carried throughout the whole building. That is achieved by having high ceilings and a lot of light flooding into the building. Certain spaces also bring a sense of individuality due to the way they are designed.
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Architectural Language
Contextual Response
Landscaping
The Also Opera House is one of the first buildings that have been constructed in that area in order to reshape the area. The opera house stands out from its context due to the way it has been designed.
One of the main features of the opera house is the square that it creates. The square extends from the water level all the way to the roof through the means of ramps that run on the outside of the building.
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Contextual Response & Landscaping
The building's main structural elements are concrete columns that hold up the roof structure which is a set of trusses. The columns protrude ate different angles through the building and they also act as an architectural feature. The reason behind using trusses is the span that they can go seeing as it is a very large frame hence a large span. The production areas located behind the stage and the public areas are follow a much more simpler form. The main elements are still concrete but trusses are not used in this part of the building seeing as the span isn't as large.
Ground Floor Plan
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Structural & Environmental Systems
OSLO OPERA HOUSE Materiality
Glass
Timber
The glass facade in the main theatre's foyer is one of the main features of the building. Due to the high usage of glass helps in creating the views when looking out of the building and allows sunlight to get into the building.
Oak has been chosen for the interiors of the theatre due to its high durability and the ability to form it easily. The inner walls surrounding the main auditorium are covered in the wall weave.
Marble & Granite
Steel
One of the main features in the theatre is the marble and granite flooring on the outside and inside. The marble has been chosen carefully in order to be a certain shade,, so is the granite. The stone helps in giving the spaces a sense of openness due to its colour.
Steel has been used throughout the whole building due to its properties. Steel is a light weight material and for a building to be located on water it is crucial to have such a material. It is a very durable and sustainable material.
THE BRIEF MOHAMED MAHMOOD - 33348759
Restaurant 10%
Other 2%
Stage 8%
Storage 18%
Office 4%
Services 3%
Theatre 23% Seating 15%
Rest rooms 7% Backstage 10%
THE BRIEF Spatial Requirements
UK Location
York Location
Yorkshire location
THE BRIEF Site Location
The site is currently used as a boat repair yard. Due to its location the proposed project should be an iconic building that not only puts the space to use, but also creates a landmark in the city. It is suggested that the buildings highlighted in red to be removed from the site hence clearing out the way. Currently the site is only accessible through the bridge, and that is private access only.
Circulation Site Buildings to be removed
THE BRIEF Site Location
Due to the removal of the existing buildings access to the site is improved drastically. Instead of having one access point there are three access points now. In addition to improving access to the site a walk way is added that links the facades facing the river together and links the existing promenade to the new one. The guildhall will be linked to the proposed building and it will perform as a school of drama, as the building will go idle if it is not put in use.
Circulation Site York Drama School
THE BRIEF Site Master-plan
A theatrical performance is normally filled with feelings and emotions. These emotions and feelings would be conveyed to the viewer through the way that the actors act, and hence the viewer will go through the experience that involves emotional troughs and climaxes. Not only that the way that the actors act affect how the audience feels but also the view and position of the viewer affects it as well. A person sat at the front of the auditorium would have a completely different experience compared to someone sat at the end of the auditorium and has a restricted view, just the same way it differs from someone sat on the balcony level and had a birds eye view of the performance.
THE BRIEF Conceptual Development
View from balcony
View from front of stalls
View from back of stalls
View is one of the main factors that affect how the audience engages with a dramatic performance. The different images shown above show how the view differs at different tires and levels in a theatre. Due to its importance 'view' acts as the main design driver. In addition to the 'view' the feelings and emotions that the audience experiences while watching a performance and very important and these can differ from sad to happy to frustration hence the way that the spaces are designed need to reflect such emotions and that can be achieved through the spacial qualities of the different rooms. 'Feelings' act as the secondary design driver.
THE BRIEF Conceptual Development
THE IVY YORK MOHAMED MAHMOOD - 33348759
THE IVY YORK South Elevation - 1:200
THE IVY - YORK East Elevation - 1:200
THE IVY - YORK Roof Plan - 1:500
5
2
1
1. Main Reception 2. Restaurant 3. Kitchen 4. Storage 5. Staff Reception
THE IVY YORK Ground Floor Plan - 1:200
3
4
1
10
9 5 8 7 4
2
3
1. Female Rest rooms 2. Waiting Area 3. Theatre Bar 4. Storage 5. Orchestra Pit 6. Cloak Room 7. Male Rest rooms 8. Private Changing rooms 9. Staff Rest rooms 10. Private Lounge
THE IVY - YORK First Floor Plan - 1:200
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8
1 7 6
4
3 5
2
1. Scenery Storage 2. Light Control 3. Main Stalls 4. Stage 5. Costume Storage 6. Shared Changing rooms 7. Staff Rest rooms 8. Private Lounge
THE IVY YORK Second Floor Plan - 1:200
10
1 9 7 8
6 5
2 4
3 1. Female Rest rooms 2. Waiting Area 3. Outdoor Terrace 4. Balcony Seating 5. Male Rest rooms 6. Manager Office 7. Open Plan Offices 8. Meeting Room 9. Staff Rest rooms 10. Private Lounge
THE IVY YORK Third Floor Plan - 1:200
THE IVY YORK Section A - 1:100
THE IVY - YORK Section B - 1:100
Reception Lobby The reception area is the heart of the whole theatre as it drives the whole place. It is located in the middle of the main lobby on ground floor. The way it is designed helps in creating a partition between the entrance area and the restaurant located at the back of the space.
The Ivy Restaurant The restaurant is located in the back of the ground floor. Due to its location the environment is very cosy and welcoming. The restaurant also includes a bar area that assists the bar theatre bar located on the first floor. The restaurant has outdoors seating in addition to indoors seating and has a vital capacity of 100 people.
Restaurant Kitchen The kitchen acts as the main driver to the whole restaurant and hence accessibility to the front of the house is crucial. The kitchen is also located next to the storage area and the bar.
THE IVY YORK Building Programme
Waiting Area The waiting areas on this floor are mainly glass glazed. That allows for sunlight to flood into the room, creating and outdoor's space indoors. The features also helps in creating an open space.
Theatre Bar A theatre bar is very important seeing as during breaks people are not willing to go for a full meal in the restaurant downstairs. The theatre bar is located facing the main facade, hence the views are over the river. .
Private Changing Rooms Private changing rooms are also located on this floor. There are four changing rooms and each is fully equipped with a shower, a wardrobe, a piano and lounging sofa. The rooms are fully designed for wheelchair accessibility as well.
THE IVY YORK Building Programme
Main Stalls The main stalls are located on the floor and are accessible through a staircase and a lift from the floor bellow. The stalls acts as the main platform for the audience to se the shows. The room's walls are overed with acoustic panels in order to optimise the experience.
The Stage The stage has three different levels on it,. The purpose behind that is to create a different experience depending on where the acting is taking place. The stage is only accessible through the right as the left is scenery storage. The level as direct access to the green room and backstage.
Shared Changing Rooms The changing rooms are designed to fit fifteen people at a time. They have also been designed with disability access in consideration. Each of the rooms contain private showers and storage areas for the costumes.
THE IVY - YORK Building Programme
Balcony Seating The balcony seating level is located on the top floor of the building. The balcony allows full view on the stage from above hence allowing the audience to see and observe more. The room The steps in this room are higher compared to standard theatre steps and that is in order to facilitate for the views.
Waiting Area The waiting area is much more spacious in the floor compared to the seating area on the first floor and that is due to the lack of private spaces in on this floor. The waiting area acts as the main circulation corridor that allows people to move freely around in this floor.
Open Plan Offices Open plan offices allow any formation to be adapted based on the usage and amount of people using the room. Due to the location of the room a very large window has been places on one of the sides and that allows sun light to flood into the room.
THE IVY YORK Building Programme
Ground Floor
First Floor
The public and private sectors in the ground floor are clearly identified. The front part of the building is completely public and is open to all members of the public. While the back part acts as the main entrance for members of staff and the actors. The kitchen is also part of the private section on this floor.
On the first floor circulation areas are the only public parts in the building. The spaces behind act as private changing rooms and storage, and that is only accessible to members of staff. The cloak room is also located on the floor which is a private room and its only accessible to members of staff.
Second Floor
Third Floor
This floor is mainly private due to the types of rooms on it. The floor mainly has storage areas in addition to some shared changing rooms. These rooms are completely private. The only public room is the auditorium, and even that is restricted access. Access to the stalls is through the stairs that are located at the back of the room.
This floor consists of more public spaces than private. The private places are restricted to the offices that are located at the back of the building. The public spaces include the balcony seating level, and the seating area around it, in addition to an outdoors terrace that is located on this floor.
Private Circulation Public Circulation Private spaces Public Spaces
THE IVY YORK Public VS. Private
The structural system in the building is based on a 6m x 6m grid. The grid helps in governing the location of the structural elements in all floors and it also helps in creating the room formations.
THE IVY YORK Structural Systems
Steel columns that are located at the intersection points of the grid form the main structural elements in the building. The light weight structure sits on a raft that is supported on piles.
The design of the theatre allows for sounds to travel efficiently through the auditorium in order to allow for the best experience. The roof is designed in a way where it reflects the sound waves back into the auditorium. While the sound reflecting panels on the inner walls of the seating area direct the sound waves in the correct direction in order to provide optimum acoustics in the room.
THE IVY YORK Acoustics
THE IVY YORK Materiality
Glass
Timber
Glass is one of the main materials used in the design. The glass facade facilitate the views from the inside of the building. In addition the reflective properties of the material allows the building to blend in its context.
Due to its availability and durability timber is used on the outer walls of the theatre. The walls covered in timber mimic the theatrical performance through its interlocks and the way it dents in and out.
Lime Stone
Soundproof Panels
The facades that are not covered in glass are covered in lime stone. The reason behind using that material is to continue with the materials used in the context. This helps the design to blend in its context very well.
One of the crucial functions of a theatre room is its ability to retain and reflect sound within the room. The usage of both sound reflectors and sound proofing walls facilitate for that and help in creating an acoustically adequate room.
THE IVY YORK East Entrance
THE IVY YORK West Entrance
THE IVY YORK Main Facade
THE IVY YORK View on Stage
THE IVY YORK Main Auditorium
THE IVY YORK Reception Lobby
THE IVY YORK Theatre Bar
THE IVY YORK Waiting Area
THE IVY YORK Staircase