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Dimapur VOL. IX ISSUE 282
The Morung Express “
www.morungexpress.com
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Genius is the ability to renew one’s emotions in daily experience
Hong Kong protest reveal unease over identity [ PAGE 09]
Nagaland Tribes Council completes one year
Iggy Azalea Denies Marriage Rumours
[ PAGE 2]
India’s sanitation crisis needs innovations to work
[ PAGE 11]
[ PAGE 08]
Vote on www.morungexpress.com SMS your anSwer to 9862574165 Is the Nagaland state government seriously implementing the Inner Line Permit system?
Morung Express news Dimapur | October 12
no
Others
Does the proposed nagaland Special Development Zone (nSDZ) infringe upon the rights in Article 371 (A)? Yes
80% 05%
no Others
15%
Details on page 7
Tropics to witness major fish loss by 2050: Study ToronTo, ocTober 12 (IAnS): large numbers of fish will disappear from the tropics by 2050 as the earth and the oceans get warmer and fish shift their habitat in search of cooler waters, a research found. Changing temperatures will drive more fish into the Arctic and Antarctic waters, the findings showed. “The tropics will be the overall losers,” said co-researcher William Cheung, associate professor at the University of British Columbia in Canada. “This area has a high dependence on fish for food, diet and nutrition. We will see a loss of fish populations that are important to the fisheries and communities in these regions,” Cheung added. Using the same climate change scenarios as the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, researchers projected a large-scale shift of marine fish and invertebrates. This study follows previous research that looked at change in fisheries catch in relation to ocean warming since 1970. The study appeared in the ICES Journal of Marine Science.
How the Ebola virus got its name
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new York, ocTober 12 (IAnS): The deadly Ebola virus that has killed over 3,300 people in West Africa since its current outbreak was confirmed in March, was christened in 1976 after a river. The virus first surfaced and caused a mysterious illness among people in what was then Zaire, now the Democratic Republic of Congo. The story of how Ebola got its name is short and somewhat random, Peter Piot, co-discoverer of the virus, recalled in his memoir “No Time to Lose: A Life in Pursuit of Deadly Viruses”. The virus had surfaced in a village called Yambuku, so it could be named after the village, but the scientists realised that their decision could stigmatise the village forever. It was Karl Johnson, another researcher from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the leader of the research team, who suggested naming the virus after a river to tone down the emphasis on a particular place, Live Science reported. The scientists found in a map that one river close to Yambuku was Ebola, meaning “Black River”, in the local language Lingala. “It seemed suitably ominous,” Piot wrote in his memoir.
Monday, October 13, 2014 12 pages Rs. 4 –Paul Cezanne
Lewis Hamilton wins inaugural Russian GP [ PAGE 12]
Being Naga helped people live through conflict & fear
The Morung Express POLL QUESTIOn
Yes
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Women and children wade through flood waters after heavy rainfall in Dimapur on Sunday, October 12. Photo by Caisii Mao
Rijiju assures safe environment to people from the North East new DelhI, ocTober 12 (IAnS): Minister of State for Home Affairs Kiren Rijiju Sunday assured “safe working environment” across the country for the people from the northeast. Speaking at the 51st annual day function of Naga Students Union here, Rijiju said: “The home ministry would ensure safe working environment for northeast people all over the country.”
“I have been a part of Naga Students Union, Delhi for long and it is a matter of pleasure that the union has been working for the students and people of the region in Delhi,” he added. Also present at the function was Bharatiya Janata Party’s Delhi unit chief Satish Upadhyay, who said the party would take all necessary steps to create a comfortable environment
in Delhi for northeasterners. “People from the northeast have a special place in various services in Delhi but it is a matter of deep anguish that they are differentiated against,” he said. “Our party will work towards the assimilation of northeast people into the mainstream and we will make sure that they live in a congenial atmosphere,” he added.
A recent study has concluded that conflict and fear had a “detrimental effect” on well-being of the Naga people, and “group identification and social support” (with the Naga identity) had an “enhancing effect” on well-being. “Identification with being Naga,” it stated, had “protective properties” for the people of Nagaland since it is “positively related to life satisfaction, self-esteem and general health.” A paper published in the Asian Journal of Social Psychology (2014) titled ‘Conflict, fear and social identity in Nagaland,’ however, claimed that “Identification with Tribe seems to have notably weaker protective properties, and there are indications that identification with being Indian might even be negatively related to indices of well-being.” That stated, the paper also notes that while Naga and Tribe identification did not differ significantly from each other, they both differed significantly from Indian identification. The study was conducted by Hanna Zagefka and Limabenla Jamir of the Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK. The survey study sought to test the effects of “exposure to ethnopolitical conflict and violence and social group identification on psychosocial well-being” among a sample of 280
Nagas (across some tribes living in Nagaland), from the age bracket of 20-30 years. Variables measured were ‘exposure to conflict,’ ‘fear,’ ‘Naga identification’ alongside the perceived ‘social support’ that it brings along, life satisfaction, self-esteem and general health. The study affirms that the “effect of conflict on well-being” is “mediated by fear, identification and social support; and that the effect of Naga identification on well-being was me-
Study reveals that conflict and fear had detrimental effect on well being of the Nagas diated by social support.” The data “clearly show” that conflict had an aggravating effect on well-being, although the study notes that “rejection, discrimination and conflict do not always increase identification.” In considering an alternative model, it suggests that when people are exposed to adverse conditions (such as threats, fear), the absence of rich social networks might “increase one’s sense of isolation, and hence decrease perceived identification with the ingroup.” The study has its loopholes, and admits as much. Cautioning the ‘generalization’ of the findings, for one, the authors state that the sample (280), albeit diverse, “was not a represen-
Affirming a shared history Chizokho Vero
Khezhakeno | October 12
“I never thought that I will be able to see my ancestral home. It is miracle for me,” elated an elderly man Vitoho from Lazami village of Zunheboto district, during the historic Lazami (Lozumi) migration monolith erection ceremony at Khezhakeno village under Phek district on Saturday. The monolith was erected in the presence of more than 800 people to attest the historic origin and migration of the Lazami (Lozumi) of Sumi community from their ancestral home Khezhakeno village. Naga Hoho president, P Chuba Ozukum termed the re-union of Lazami and Khezhakeno as a reflection of their ancestral brotherhood and stressed on the need to stay connected with one another. He urged others to follow this example to ensure a conflict free society. Ozukum also called upon the Nagas to uphold the principle of “One people and One family,” and encouraged Naga scholars to undertake research on tracing the origin of the Naga people. Former MLA, Joshua Sumi from Lazami village said “Let the erection of the monolith stone be the bench mark for all the Nagas to trace the origin together and live as brothers forever.” He recalled that, “…for Lazami, the migration of Lozu Sumi’s from Khezhakeno was passed on by our forefathers, but as generation after generation passed,
naga Hoho president and others after unveiling the Lazami (Lozumi) Migration Monolith at Khezhakeno village on October 11. (Morung Photo)
Six ‘facts’ accepted to affirm the brotherhood of Lazami & Khezhakeno • Folklore and folk stories of our ancestors are the same. • Story of the burning of rice busking stone at Khezhakeno. • Accepted the dead ghenna performed by the two villages is the same. • Even during the time of Ghenna and other auspicious festival days, Lazami’s are treated like brothers. • In Sumi dialect ‘Awou’ is the high priest performing all the ghenna and in Khezhakeno dialect ‘Muwou’ is the high priest and ghenna performance is similar between the two village. • The performance of new year ghenna is the same. it became more and more obscure.” Before the stories were lost, he added that a “few elders in 1970’s entrusted Lt. Shikato to maintain a written records of our migration.” After the demise of Lt. Shikato in August 1995, the Lazami People’s Union (LPU) was set
up in 1998, with Akhalu S/O Khulu as President, and was entrusted the task to search for “our migration stories which was more myth” then. He added that the task of the LPU was to authenticate the migration stories passed on by their forefathers. The
tative sample.” This, however, does not undermine the significant findings made, probably the first one to study the impact of conflict on the socialpsychological-physical health of the indigenous peoples inhabiting the current North East of India. “We would suggest,” say the authors, “that anyone who believes that inferences about human nature in general should not be based almost exclusively on data from Western students should welcome at-
LPU president received a breakthrough by meeting Timikha Koza in 1999, at the advice of Er. N. Zhasa in connecting with Khezhakeno village. Necessary arrangement was made through Timikha, enabling the LPU, Lazami village council and other Lazami village organization and Khezhakleno village elders to meet on March 17, 2000 at a feast hosted by Khezhakeno village. The main focus of the Lazami people was to authenticate the migration stories by putting together fragments of the story. The former MLA informed that by confirming six facts, it was accepted that Lazami departed from Khezhakeno as Lozu people. (See Box) Vitoho Kappo, VCC of Lazami meanwhile informed that “Lozii was the youngest brother, who once lived in Khezhakeno with his beloved brothers.” He exhorted the gathering to remember and relive their shared brotherhood and said, “May the younger generation continue to uphold the good relationship bond that our forefathers shared as a family.” Pronouncing an act of blessing, Dikha Meche Koza, oldest citizen of Khezhakeno prayed for unity and peace. Timikha Koza chaired the function while welcome address was delivered by C. Kemvii Koza, VCC Khezhakeno. KA Jacob, president Lazami Welfare Kohima proposed the vote of thanks.
tempts to access not only hard-done-by but also hard-to-reach populations like the Nagas.” Further, the authors acknowledge the complexity of the conflict in the region and their inability to incorporate political details. The study does not differentiate, for instance, between the political use of violence by two separate groups, the Nagas and Indians. Instead, it states, “the present setting is more complex, with the Indian army being juxtapositioned with various Naga sub-factions.” “The situation in Nagaland is complex, and our measure of conflict exposure measured perceived violations generally, without differentiating those committed by the Indian army and by various Naga
factions,” the paper reiterates. From a reader’s frame, given that the age group surveyed consisted of people between 20-30 years of age (the ceasefire generation), with less experience of Indian army atrocities, differentiating between the two forms of violations could have been meaningless (unless heard narratives have left their mark). Yet, the two forms of violence have political meaning and depth in deployment—the effects they have had cannot be undermined if the study is to indicate something as ambitious or complex as ‘Naga belonging.’ The conflict is ideological, dealt with through the political use of violence—by a Nation State to submerge peoples’ aspirations and the response therein. Perhaps keeping this in mind, the authors call for more research on the Nagas, which “would fill an important gap.” “Given the intricacies of the tribal, regional and national identities which are of relevance, this is an ideal setting to study all kinds of identity processes, ranging from those involving superordinate identities to those of cross-cutting friendships. It is hoped that any such research would further increase awareness of the Naga situation, so that although conflict has prevailed in the region for the last 60 years, the next 60 years will not be marked by more of the same,” the paper perceptively states.
Cyclone Hudhud lashes Andhra Pradesh coast
A man jumps into the water to rescue a woman, who fell due to strong tidal waves on the Bay of Bengal coast at Gopalpur, Orissa on October 12. (AP Photo)
VISAkhApATnAm, ocTober 12 (IAnS): Cyclonic storm Hudhud hit the Andhra coast Sunday, triggering heavy rains and strong gales, which wrecked havoc in the coastal region killing three people. The heavy downpour accompanied by powerful winds with speeds reaching up to 185 kmph uprooted trees, felled electricity and communication towers and caused widespread destruction to crops. The districts of Visakhapatnam and Srikakulam are without electricity since Saturday night. Mobile telephones were not working in the region as communication network collapsed. With trees and poles falling on highways, the vehicular traffic came to a complete halt while railways cancelled all services in the region. The “very severe cyclonic storm” in the Bay of Bengal started crossing the coast around noon at Pudimadaka, about 50 km from this port city. However, the intensity of the gales and rains continued till evening in Vi-
sakhapatnam city. People were confined to their homes through the day as strong gales felled scores of trees, power and communication towers and hoardings. Many cars parked on roads were damaged. With the authorities losing contact with the radar tracking the cyclone, they were finding it difficult to provide information about the impact and wind speed. Naidu quoted the navy as putting the gale speed at 185 kmph. Naidu said the communication system had collapsed in the region and urged BSNL, Airtel, Idea and other telecom service providers to immediately rectify the communication towers. The officials were relying on the navy radar for information. Officials said 320 villages in four districts of Srikakulam, Vijayanagaram, Visakhapatnam and East Godavari were affected. Two people were killed in Visakhapatnam while another died in Srikakulam district.
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