September 30th 2014

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www.morungexpress.com

The Morung Express

Dimapur VOL. IX ISSUE 269

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reflections

By Sandemo Ngullie

www.morungexpress.com

‘I wouldn’t say marriage is just a title’: Brad Pitt

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Morung Express news Dimapur | September 29

“I am an alcoholic,” declares Sungkum Jamir (50), breaking the cardinal rule of anonymity—one will not find too many such confessions in Nagaland. Jamir I’m not trying to fool youThey are masks. Ayaah drank his last glass of liquor Dada..masks to protect you in 1995—from there began from Ebola! his long and inspiring journey towards helping other The Morung Express alcoholics out. In 2011, he the AlcoholPOLL QUESTIOn introduced ics Anonymous (AA) FelVote on www.morungexpress.com lowship in Nagaland. AA SMS your anSwer to 9862574165 is a fellowship of men and Can the Naga people women who share their find a Common Ground experience, strength and to resolve differences? hope with each other so they may solve their common problem and help Yes no Others others to recover from alcoholism—it is non denominational, non hierarchical and apolitical.

Dear Subscribers, Sitting on a couch at Please inform us if The his joint-family-gathering Morung Express is not home in Dimapur, Jamir being delivered to you shares his struggles with on a regular basis by the bottle. “I was hospitalyour paper hawker. ized 16 times for my alcoContact us directly at: holism before I went for re9856230555. habilitation with the Kripa The Morung Express Foundation, Mumbai, with the help of the Naga Mother’s Association,” he says of his days pre 1995. It began with drinking with peers, into a drink too many each time. Once fully and confiOur Correspondent

ATTENTION

One shot dead in Kiphire

One person was shot dead at Longya ward of Kiphire town on the evening of Monday, September 29. The deceased was reportedly shot at point blank range. The victim has been identified as one Athrennu (30), s/o Repentsu GB of mimi village, a lacey speaker of FGN Yimchunger Region, Kiphire district. According to information provided by the sources from the victim’s family, the deceased was abducted from his house and was found shot at his head.

It was further informed that a case has been registered with the police.

Dimapur DSO clarifies

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DimApUr, September 29 (mexN): In response to the news report titled ‘Shamble of Dream: The State Stadium in Dimapur,’ published on September 29, the District Sports Officer (DSO), Dimapur has clarified that there is no separate office of the DSO in Dimapur district, “although the DSO is posted there.”

A press note from the Dimapur DSO, Nizheto Awomi informed that the “officer at the DDSC stadium are of the Dimapur District Sports Council and the DSO is functioning as DDSC Secretary.”

Despite the absence of a proper office, it assured that the DSO and other staff are “functioning and trying their best for promotion of sports in Dimapur district and the question of neglect does not arise.” It further clarified that the maintenance of the DDSC stadium is looked after by the council and not the District Sports Office.

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DCF joins fight against HIV/AIDS [ PAGE 2]

‘Umbrella Revolution’ spreads in Hong Kong

–Seal

Sania-Saketh, Seema Punia clinch gold [ PAGE 12]

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‘I am an alcoholic,’ and I exist

AA takes root in Nagaland

Kiphire | September 29

Tuesday, September 30, 2014 12 pages Rs. 4

I believe that our society is merely a reflection of what is going on inside each and every one of us Jayalalithaa moves court, Panneerselvam is Tamil Nadu CM

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dently recovered through a 12-step AA program, Jamir decided to motivate struggling, and willing, alcoholics to change.

While he was already “freelancing” help to those who sought it, in 2006, Jamir decided to reach out to more people—it took him to the doorstep of the Mokokchung Town Ao Baptist Church. He spent a chunk of time explaining to the men of god the ‘disease’ that is alcoholism, and in 2011 he heard the sweet sound of change.

“The church accepted the premise of the AA and initiated a Detox and Recovery program,” with a little help from Jamir and his team of a doctor, a psychiatrist and some counselors from Kripa Foundation. They include Dr. Ngullie, Dr. Joyce and Abu. 16 people arrived for the program that year.

Encouraged, the church conducted the same the next year and the next— the number of alcoholics seeking the platform grew. The Kohima Town Ao Baptist Church took up the program in 2013. “Now the churches, both in Mokokchung and Kohima, are confident enough to conduct the programs independently,” says Jamir with glee—the Mokokchung Town church holds Sunday Fellowships for the same. Meanwhile, he holds

the twelve steps of AA • Admitted we were powerless over alcohol - that our lives had become unmanageable.

• Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity.

• Made a decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understood Him. • Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves.

• Admitted to God, to ourselves and to another human being the exact nature of our wrongs.

• Were entirely ready to have God remove all these defects of character.

• Humbly asked Him to remove our shortcomings.

• Made a list of all persons we had

harmed, and became willing to make amends to them all.

• Made direct amends to such people wherever possible, except when to do so would injure them or others.

• Continued to take personal inventory and when we were wrong promptly admitted it.

• Sought through prayer and meditation to improve our conscious contact with God as we understood Him, praying only for knowledge of His will for us and the power to carry that out.

• Having had a spiritual awakening as the result of these steps, we tried to carry this message to alcoholics and to practice these principles in all our affairs.

Are you an alcoholic?

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2.

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Do you drink till you get drunk/high Do you make excuses to drink Do you drink alone Does your family and friends tell you to control or stop your drinking 5. Do you hide/disguise your drinking habits 6. Do you experience tremors/shakes 7. Have you experienced blackouts/loss of memory due to drinking 8. Have you been hospitalized due to drinking 9. Do you lie about your drinking 10. Do you drink before social occasions 11. Are you obsessed with drinking 12. Do you do relief drinking

energy needs,” Poonam Khetrapal Singh, WHO regional director for SouthEast Asia said in a message on the occasion of World Heart Day. High salt intake increases the risk of high blood pressure and is associated with heart disease, stroke and other diseases.

An estimated 2.5 million deaths could be prevented each year if global salt consumption were reduced to the recommended level, she said.

Singh added that reduc-

Sunday Fellowships at his residence in Chandmari, Kohima, in Nagamese and English or both—people come and share their strug-

ing salt consumption is a cost-effective public health intervention and needs a multi-pronged and multisectoral approach in which everyone has to contribute.

Governments have a critical role to play and must create awareness and develop policies that enable populations to consume adequate quantities of safe and healthy diet, with low salt content, she added.

The food industry needs to be engaged to reduce salt content and provide healthy food op-

Public voting on NLTP Act launched in Dimapur Morung Express news Dimapur | September 29

Organized by the North East Artists Network (NEAN), the public voting on the Nagaland Liquor Total Prohibition Act 1989 (NLTP) was launched at the conference hall of the Deputy Commissioner Dimapur on Monday evening in the presence of district administration officials.

Informing about the guidelines on the voting system, NEAN president, Toshiba Jamir said that persons above 18 years of age were eligible to vote.

Restricting multiple voting by one person, NEAN requested voters to use pens to tick their options either in ‘For,’ ‘Against’ and ‘Not Sure’ in the voting cards, which cost Rs 5. The polls will be conducted till October 28.

Stating that the voting was a voluntary exercise, the organizers, however, requested all citizens to participate in the campaign.

NEAN said that it was neither in support nor against the Act but that through the campaign it wanted the policy makers to get a picture of the opinion of the public on the issue.

“This campaign is not meant to pressurize the decision makers in any

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( ( ( ( ( (

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If you say yes to anyone of the above, either you are an alcoholic, or you have the tendency to become one. gles with alcohol on the condition of total honesty and the trust that nothing goes out of the room. Jamir also provides one-to-one

On World Heart Day: WHO advocates salt reduction New Delhi, September 29 (iANS): The World Health Organisation (WHO) Sunday advocated salt reduction to prevent and control non-communicable diseases as high salt intake increases the risk of high blood pressure and is associated with heart disease and stroke.

“The WHO recommends a daily salt intake of less than five grams per adult or just under a teaspoon. The recommendation is even lower for children, depending on their

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manner,” NEAN added.

With regard to the public voting, NEAN informed that its volunteers will identify various outlets in all the districts to enable people to exercise their votes. Besides, the volunteers will also initiate door-to-door campaign for the voting.

The dedicatory prayer for the voting campaign was pronounced by Pastor Lotha Baptist Church Dimapur, Yambemo.

On the sidelines of the launching programme, the organizers were asked by media persons as to how it would be determined that no person votes multiple times. It was learnt that no specific mechanism has been put in place to prevent multiple voting by a single person. It was also pointed out by the media persons that charging an amount of Rs 5 per vote would bring down the level of public participation, the result of which might not project the opinion of the majority of the people. The organizers said they would soon bring in a proper system for the voting campaign.

NEAN is a non-profit organization that seeks to promote music, organizes blood donation drives and also involves itself in other social issues.

tions by reformulating processed foods to reduced salt options, said Singh.

Simple household-level interventions such as adding less salt to food while cooking, removing the salt dispenser from the dining table, limiting the availability of high salt ready-to-eat food, increasing the intake of fruits and vegetables and guiding children’s taste buds through a diet of mostly unprocessed foods without adding salt would go a long way in improving the health of people, she added.

Social audit to be launched for urban development schemes New Delhi, September 29 (iANS): There will be social audit of the soon-to-be launched urban development schemes to promote transparency and accountability in their execution, Urban Development Minister M. Venkaiah Naidu said here Monday. He was speaking at the first meeting of the Parliamentary Consultative Committee of the ministry. The minister also announced setting up of consultative committees at district level for monitoring the implementation of the projects. Co-chaired by local Members of Parliament and the district collector, these committees will examine the resource position of the urban local bodies and their ability to execute the projects. Giving an account of the governance deficit in respect of most of the urban local bodies in the country, Naidu said that civic bodies should hold general body meeting and adopt a resolution on implementation of urban reforms. He also said that the government’s big-ticket schemes like new urban development initiatives like building 100 Smart Cities, 500 towns and Heritage Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) would be launched soon.

counseling for the more personal narrations. Nonalcoholics are not allowed in these sessions, as “only an addict can talk to an ad-

dict,” except for the intervention of pastors at times “to give spiritual feedings.”

The circle grows as friends of friends come along, curious to know how they could keep the whiskey in the jar.

“People think alcoholics are enjoying, but a lot of them are suffering; and they are suffering alone,” Jamir relates with a look of familiarity in his eyes. Alcoholism, for him, is a “relationship disease,” the seeds of which are sown through the breakdown of relationships—with god, oneself or with people. It has mental, physical, psychological and spiritual implications that have to be dealt with on multiple fronts. “With modernization and a rat race for success and riches, we are neglecting our relationships, compensating quality time with material goods,” which, Jamir feels, is making the social animal in us, unsocial. Naga society consumed its alcohol before, strong social bonds to go with, keeping people from falling off the tipping point.

Today, alcoholism leads to a vicious cycle of social insecurity, addiction, lies, quarrels, financial problems, guilt. One alcoholic affects 20-30 people around them, especially their family. The number of alcohol-related deaths remains ill documented in Nagaland.

Being a mass based organization, the church needs to be sensitized to these aspects, especially the disease, of alcoholism.

Instead of treating the alcoholic as subnormal and shunning them aside, they need to be helped with love and compassion. Women especially need the chains of “social stigma” to be loosened to come to these meetings, maintains Jamir.

“The church should put in its energy towards such programs,” he suggests, quoting how people have gone on to rehabilitation programs after AA recovery sessions, all sponsored by their respective churches. This year some will also attend the annual AA convention in Bhopal, as some did in Jaipur last year.

As for Sungkum Jamir, he is a healthy man today, running a successful tea business. He has a garden, and a factory for which tea leaves are routed through small farmers, thereby creating direct and indirect employment in Nagaland.

“But I want to hand the business over to my son so I can focus on the recovery program,” he says, sounding enthused by the idea.

His team of counselors and doctors now want to help any church in Nagaland that would like to begin the AA program—Jamir can be contacted on assist.aa63@ gmail.com.

Centre to set up more STPs in the North East

AGArtAlA, September 29 (iANS): India’s exports from the Software Technology Parks (STP) across India are rising at a pace of 8 to 10 percent annually and would further increase in the upcoming years as the industry spreads across the country, a senior sector official said.

“There are huge software technology markets across the world and India’s export prospect from the sector is extremely vivid,” Software Technology Park of India (STPI) director Prabir Kumar Das told IANS. Das said the overall exports increased from Rs.226,712 crore in 201112 to Rs.251,498 crore in 2012-13 and the overseas trade further increased to Rs.275,000 in the 2013-14.

Karnataka, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Kerala, Odisha and Delhi are the leading ten states in India in software export.

The STPI, an autonomous society of the union ministry of communications and information technology, was set up in 1991 to implement the STP scheme and to promote software exports by providing infrastructure facilities including high speed data communication (HSDC) links.

It has so far set up STPs in 53 centres across India.

STPs are being set up or already commissioned in six - Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Mizoram and Tripura - of the eight

northeastern states. They will be set up in Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland and preliminary works for the purpose are on.

The STPIs has been providing statutory and other promotional services to the exporters by implementing STP and electronics and hardware technology parks (EHTP) schemes.

Noting the global IT market was constantly growing, Das said that India cannot remain at the rear. “IT is now not only the common men’s tools, but it also boosting a lot to crores of micro, small and medium enterprises besides the big industries,” he added.

He said following the taming of the decades-old terrorism in the northeastern states, the STPs in the region would join the country’s leading states in software technology exports.

“Supported by the STPI, the STPs in the northeastern region would also play an important role in solving the educated unemployment problem of the region,” he said, noting that in Tripura alone, more than 300 B.Tech and M.Tech students in computer science and engineering are passing out from different institutions and around 1,000 students are undergoing different IT courses.

According to an official document, STP scheme, which is a 100 percent export-oriented plan, has attracted many entrepre-

neurs in the area of software and services. Until March this year, over 5,000 units were operative out of which 4,200 units have exported software.

Das had signed an MOU with the Tripura information technology department Sep 25 to set up a STP in Agartala at a cost of Rs.43 crore.

“The under commission STP in Tripura would further boost the information technology industries in the industry-starved northeastern region,” said Tripura Industrial Development Corporation (TIDC) chairman Jitendra Chaudhury.

The TIDC is the nodal body of the STP while Hyderabad-based Avon Technologies India Private limited is the consultant and Mumbai-based D.K. Infrastructure Private Limited is executing the project.

“The STPI has prepared the detailed project report and would provide the entire fund of Rs.43 crore for the STP,” said Chaudhury, adding it would provide all sorts of facilities for the growth of IT industries in the northeastern region for the purpose of socioeconomic development.

“The STP would help the authorities to reach out to citizens with more efficient and productive government services,” he said adding that it would serve as an important tool to create maximum job opportunities as well as absorbing a large portion of the educated unemployed.

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Dimapur

Tuesday

Indian Mission Summit

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The Morung Express C M

DCF joins fight against HIV/AIDS

Dimapur, September 29 (mexN): The Dimapur Christian Forum (DCF) resolved to carry on the awareness message of HIV/AIDS and alcoholic usage, to continue to work to educate public on HIV/AIDS and alcohol on church perspective and conduct HIV/AIDS and alcoholic advocacy seminar from time to time in grass root level.

It was resolved after a daylong seminar on Alcohol Abuse & HIV/AIDS sponsored by Legislator’s Form on AIDS (LFA) on September 27 at AIDA, Don Bosco, Dimapur.

During the morning session, Dr. Molusen Jamir, MO, ART, Dimapur, speaking on the technical aspect

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30 September 2014

Kohima, September 29 (mexN): The Indian Mission Summit, an event of the American Baptist International Ministries, will be hosted by the Nagaland Baptist Church Council (NBCC) from October 2-5 at the NBCC Convention Center, New Secretariat here. A press note issued by Rev. Dr. Rachülie Vihienuo, CoChairman, COLA, Indian Mission Summit stated that the Summit is a historic event as it marks the 200th Anniversary of the American Baptist International Mission's global mission involvement and 175 years of missions in India and it was through the same mission that Nagas received the gospel some 127 years ago.

of HIV/AIDS and scenario said, “HIV is no longer treated as death sentences diseases it is rather considered as chronic manageable social disease, like hypertension, diabetics etc, and to advocate the epidemic a collective efforts is required by students, church and the individuals.”

Dr. Jamir who further stressed on the use of ART, holds on the view the possible solutions for Better management of ART- in line with prevention, treatment, care and support to the infected patients.

Dr. Vinito Chishi, State Consultant, LFA, after highlighting the objectives of LFA is to create HIV/AIDS awareness among Legislators and policy makers

stressed on the term “Social disease” and drew the attention by saying a True Christian should have the desire of salvation and to fulfil that we all need to judiciously labour hard while on earth. Fashion motivation has evolved the mindset of youngsters in negative aspects, he added, Dr Chishi further stressed on Faith based Multidisciplinary activities: Health related activities, Health promotion programme, Preventive health & social service Interconnection between public health, health education, etc.

Speaking on the topic HIV-TB Stigma and Discrimination, Dr. Rose Chakhesang, Programme Officer NSACS, in charge

of TB, informed the participants how TB is spread and its treatment. He viewed stigma and discrimination is a fuel to the HIV & AIDs epidemic and stigma & discrimination is a result of inadequate knowledge and moralistic perspective. He urged upon the churches, NGOs, etc to join hands fight against the disease and organize awareness/ health education, outreach, counselling service, testing, treatment, advocacy, home base care, etc for the PLHWA and not become a victim of stigma & discrimination . Dr. Rose further informed, to dissuade HIV/AIDS we need to share and talk about HIV status among clergy, congregation, and leaders. Lat-

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er, in the last session Hukatoli Choppy, LFA, shared on sex, sexuality and gender- its risk and factor.

Earlier in his keynote address Rev. RP Murry, Chairman, DCF, highlighted on the DCF history from its inception way back to 1998 and its objective to address issues on social, theological, doctrinal and interfaith related concerns. Rev. Dr. Shiwoto Assumi, Convenor, DCF, chaired the programme while Rev. Thebemo Yanthan pronounced the invocation. Rev. Dr. Weyiete Lohe, president, BPFD said the vote of thanks while Fr. Anto said the benediction.

Altogether 120 participants from Church, College and NGO attended the seminar.

NSBS&G induction & award ceremony conducted

Governor of Nagaland P.B. Acharya, Chief Minister T.R. Zeliang, Dr Shurhozelie Liezietsu, president NPF with awardees at the NSBS&G Induction & Award ceremony held at Durbar Hall, Raj Bhavan Kohima on September 29. (DIPR Photo)

Kohima, September 29 (Dipr): The Nagaland State Bharat Scouts & Guide Induction & Award ceremony was held at Durbar Hall, Raj Bhavan Kohima on September 29.

John Tochimong, State Organizing Commissioner (Scout), inducted Governor of Nagaland P.B. Acharya as Chief Patron and Chief Minister T.R. Zeliang as the Patron by Albert Solo, State Training Commissioner (Scout).

Speaking at the func-

tion, Acharya said that the Bharat Scouts & Guides is a voluntary, non-political and educational movement for young people and added that scouting is to create a positive environment where young people are encouraged to be self-reliant and helpful to each other and in the process built a better society.

The organization was established in 1967 with only 540 Scouts and 50 Guides but has presently a membership of 1269 Scouts and 1264 Guides, which he says

is due to the efforts of the pioneers for their selfless services for bringing the youth to this stage. He congratulated Khyomo Lotha for being appointed as Vice President of North Eastern Region Development Committee and John Tochimong for being appointed as Board Member of National Resource Development & Managing Committee and Vimezhonu Paphino SOC (G) as Board Member of National Rules Committee all under Bharat Scouts & Guides. He also

congratulated the 23 Guides and 33 Scouts of Nagaland Bharat Scouts & Guides who have received the Governors Awards and the 6 Guides who have qualified for the President Awards at the function.

Governor further said that he was delighted that the Nagaland Bharat Scouts & Guides has chalked out vision 2015 with great initiatives to improve youth programme, increase annual membership by 10%, improve its financial status and improve communication and public relations.

Concluding his speech, he assured that as the Chief Patron he will ensure improvement of the Nagaland Bharat Scouts & Guides.

Vimezhonu SOC (Guide) compared the programme and Nini Meru, Vice Patron, gave welcome address. Scouts & Guide Baptist High, Kohima, presented special number and vote of thanks was pronounced by Khyomo Lotha SCC, NSBSG.

A Naga youth prepares rice beer in a remote area in Tuensang. After 25 long years under the Total Prohibition Act, Government of Nagaland has decided to set up an “Expert Committee” to review the Act after both prohibitionists and anti-prohibitionists viewed that the Act has failed to achieve its objectives. The committee will also study the implementation and outcome of such a policy in other states in the country where alcohol is prohibited - Manipur, Gujarat and the union territory of Lakshadweep. Presently, alcohol is prohibited in the following countries which are Muslim dominant- Afganistan, Bangladesh, Brunei, Iran, Libya, Mauritania, Pakistan, Emirate of Sharjah, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Kuwait and Yemen. (Photo by Imojen I Jamir)

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Baptist Church Jotsoma participating in the Sanitation Drive on September 29 organized by the sanitation committee of NBCC along the national Highway 29 for the upcoming India Mission Summit to be held from October 2 – 5 in Kohima at the NBCC Convention Centre.

Phek town citizens hold first consultative meet

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pheK, September 29 (mexN): The citizens of Phek town on Saturday, September 27 resolved to direct all cadres not to move in the town in uniform arms and none of the cadre will search one another. Any faction violating this directive, the citizens of Phek Town with whatever resources available in the district headquarter shall take stern action against the defaulting group.

It was resolved during the first Phek Town citizen’s consultative meet held on September 27 at GBs Conference Hall at Phek Town

convened by Phek Area Public Organisation. The meeting seriously deliberated on the recent recurrence of factional killings and kidnapping and other issues confronting the public in the district headquarter of Phek Town in particular.

The meeting was attended by Phek Area GBs Association; Phek Area Mothers’ Association; Phek Area Wrestling Association; Phek Town Chakhesang Students’ Union; Phek Chamber of Commerce and Industries; Phek Town Public Welfare Committee;

St. Xavier Seminary Jalukie alumni meet held

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JaluKie, September 29 (mexN): Under the theme ‘You are precious,’ the alumni of St. Xavier Seminary, Jalukie after 30 years of its foundation came together for ‘Alumni-cum-parents meet’ in the campus of the priestly training centre on Saturday morning.

Over a dozen of well-placed officers from both public and private sectors who are now exseminarians and a host of young priests attended the day-long programme with three sessions including Holy Mass, Entertainment and Joint Meeting.

Bishop of Kohima Diocese, Dr.James Thoppil in his homily as main celebrant opined that the success of St. Xavier Seminary was not measured in terms of priesthood alone but the degree of catholic impact made by its products- both ordained priests and ex-seminarians on the society.

Later, a joint meeting of the priests and officers reviewed the effectiveness of the seminary in its training modalities, recruitment criteria and pressing challenges faced by the faculty.

The meeting evolved a collaborative effort to set forth a roadmap for construction of extension building to accommodate more aspirants. The meeting also strongly felt a significant need of support for a section of seminarians from poor economic background. In this regard, the meeting called for a shared responsibility towards sponsoring the underprivileged students. The meeting urged the officers to play a more collaborative role with recruitment staff in matters of providing inspirational lectures and recruitment process during vocational camps.

The joint meeting also formed a group with its nomenclature, ‘St. Xavier Seminary Past Pupils Association’ with DC Peren, Peter Lichamo as president, Augustine as vice-president, Dennis Sumi as general secretary, Simon Belho as treasurer and Fr. OC Abraham as advisor.

Earlier, the seminarians performed a skit and music in the fun-filled auditorium hall to mark the unforgettable moments of joy.

Phek Town Youth Society; ACAUT Phek Unit, Phek Town; All colony Chairman and GBs; Phek District Senior Citizen Forum.

The citizens of Phek Town also affirmed that it shall not hesitate to condemn or expulsion or face public court against any individual or group of individual indulging in antisocial activities like selling of intoxicated substances, drug peddling and immoral activities thereby disturbing the peaceful atmosphere and tranquility of the general public of Phek Town.

The House also resolved to revoke its declaration of non-cooperation imposed on NNC/FGN (non-Accordist) in protest against the brutal killing of Late. Chivoveyi on 3rd June 2014 at Phek Town by a group of some self-style cadres of NNC/FGN (NonAccordist) as those cadres involved in the killing were now all handed over to the administration and booked as per the public demands.

The house also resolved to urge the government particularly the Directorate of Higher and Techni-

cal Education Nagaland for having faced with acute shortage of Teaching staffs both Government College Phek and GHSS Phek due to random transfer of teachers without replacement during the ongoing academic, thereby paralyzing almost every day class.

The House resolved to uphold CPO’s commitment of non-violence and reconciliation of the Naga political group. This was stated in a press release issued by Seasonal Chairman Vezhehü Vero and Seasonal Secretary Zhechete Makrisüh.

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NE school students learn basic of astronomy and telescope making

The students and other participants during the workshop on basic astronomy and telescope making for school students held in Kohima.

JotSoma, September 29 (mexN): With the aim to expose the students of Nagaland and other NE states on basic astronomy and telescope making for school students, Kohima Science College, Jotsoma (KSCJ) organized a 2-day hands-on workshop in Kohima on September 26 and 27.

The Inter University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune provided support and resource persons for various training sessions.

The programme, ‘Workshop on basic astronomy and telescope making for school students’ saw participation from nine schools and colleges from Manipur and Nagaland. All together 60 students participated in the workshop.

Dr C. Kachhara and Veta Nyienu, Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, KSCJ coordinated the workshop.

The resource persons were Dr.

Gazi Ameen, Associate Professor and Dr. Rupjyoti Gogoi, Aassistant Professor from Department of Physics, Tezpur University and Samir Dhurde and Tushar Purohit, Science Educator from IUCAA, Pune.

C. Khalong Ao, Director Higher Education Nagaland as chief guest, graced the inaugural session.

The main aim of the first day was to familiarize student and teachers to the fascinating subject of Astronomy, while the second day was spent by them in making of actual telescopes and learning how o observe with them. Specially prepared talks were given by the resource persons on topics like “Our Universe”, “Telescopes: Small and Big”, “Astronomy as a field for young students” etc. A special session was conducted to learn how to identify and observe the motions of the objects of the sky and how they would

look through a telescope.

Day 2 was dedicated to the students making their own 2-inch refracting telescope.

For these lenses were supplied from Mumbai, but the rest of the assembly was done with locally available hardware, the aim of this was to make it clear to students that this not a difficult task and provide confidence that they can make such a supposedly complex instruments and use it. A total of 10 telescopes were made, each costing only Rs 3000.

“The students not only finished them in a day, but also were able to take observations of faraway objects. Some students also observed interesting objects like planet Mars and the Andromeda Galaxy at night, through their telescopes. With Mars regularly being in the news, this was a wonderful and exciting sight for the youngsters,” added a press note received here.

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The Morung Express

Tuesday

30 September 2014

Dimapur

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‘J&K, M’laya inadequately prepared for floods’ Five candidatures accepted neW Delhi, September 29 (pti): The recent floods have shown that preparation level in Jammu and Kashmir and Meghalaya to deal with such calamities was not up to the mark, Union minister Kiren Rijiju said today and favoured urgent measure to ramp up disaster management capabilities in the country.

"We have seen helplessness in the administration of Jammu and Kashmir. Preparation level was not up to the mark. I am not trying to blame the state government. But this is the position as Jammu and Kashmir has not faced floods for many decades.

"This is the case of Meghalaya too. Response of the state government was not adequate as Meghalaya has not faced floods for many years," he

Meghalaya floods: Death toll rises to 55 Shillong, September 29 (iAnS): The death toll in the recent flash floods and landslides in Meghalaya has risen to 55 with the recovery of three more bodies, even as the flood waters are slowly receding in some areas, officials said Monday.

Chief Minister Mukul Sangma Monday started ground-zero inspection on the flood-hit areas to assess the damage caused by the floods in the plain belt areas of Garo Hills. He directed the deputy commissioners to probe into the complaints of the flood victims on the poor distribution of relief materials. Earlier, Sangma had conducted aerial survey on the flood situation.

More than two lakh people were affected by the flood waters which have submerged at least 1,172 vil-

lages across 27 blocks and over 30 thousand displaced have now been housed in 108 relief camps.

"This is the worst-flood that the people in Garo Hills have faced. We have not only lost precious lives but the quantum of damaged is also very high," Sangma told IANS over phone from Garo Hills. "There is so much we need to do now. We have been moved back ten years in our development program due to the flood as major areas have been devastated by the floods. Everywhere we went there were only sad stories to tell."

The chief minister, who visited the Chibinang, Rajabala, Bhaitbari, Selsella in West Garo Hills, Lukaichar, Kalaichar and the town of Mahendraganj in the South West Garo Hills, urged flood victims not to panic. He also di-

said addressing a function ment Authority. organised on the occasion The Minister of State for of the foundation day of the Home said Assam has been National Disaster Manage- facing floods every year

rected the deputy commissioners to provide additional seven days of general relief to the people and if required increase it by another week.

Besides, Sangma directed the district authorities to work out the requirement for books and uniforms for the damaged and affected schools and other emergency measures for the school children in view of the impending examinations. Sangma Saturday submitted a memorandum to Prime Minister Narendra Modi, seeking Rs.2,000 crore to tide over the situation.

Union Minister of State for Home Affairs Kiren Rijju, who conducted an aerial survey of the flood-hit areas Saturday,saidtheprimeministerwillmake an announcement for a special relief package after returning from the US.

and the response of the "But we (central and state government in rescue state governments) have to operations and providing work together. We are dorelief was quick. ing a lot but more needs to

be done for disaster preparation," he said.

The Jammu and Kashmir Government has been maintaining that its ambitious plan of Rs 2,200 crore for flood management of Jhelum River has been lying with the Centre for long.

The Union Minister said the National Disaster Response Force and central armed police forces were always committed to offer assistance to the natural calamity affected people. "Our response has to be quick," he said adding India has been facing natural disasters due to the vastness of the country.

Rijiju said international agencies feel that India has to take the lead role in disaster management and they have been appreciating the work being carried out by various Indian agencies in the field.

for Manipur bye-election

imphAl, September 29 (mexn): Five out of the six candidates who had filed their nominations for contesting the by-election to Hiyanglam constituency of Manipur's Thoubal district were accepted after scrutiny on Monday.

The nomination papers of Manipur Pradesh Trinamool Congress (MPTC) candidate , Yumnam Thambou Singh were cancelled by orders of the Returning Officer (RO), saying no party under the name, All India Trinamool Congress, Manipur State or All India Trinamool Congress, Manipur is found mentioned in the related Gazette as state party of Manipur.

Both nomination papers filed by Yumnam Thambou Singh for contesting the Hiyanglam by-election

to be held on October 17 stand invalid after the scrutiny held today, the RO said.

Th Charanjeet Singh, Sub-Divisional Officer, Kakching and RO, 38-Hiyanglam Assembly Constituency further referred to the Election Symbol of MPTC and said in both the nominations filed by Thambou, Form-A is signed

by Kh Jiten Singh claiming to be general secretary of the party but the same name is not found in the Election Commission website as office bearer of All India Trinamool Congress (AITC).

Meanwhile, the legal advisor of MPTC, advocate Goutam Sharma strongly protested against the rejection of nomination of party candidate and pledged he would approach the appropriate forum to seek legal assistance over the matter.

Karbi & Rengma mothers discusses ‘rights and peace-building’ Tripura troopers to be deployed for Haryana polls boKAJAn, September 29 (mexn): A brief workshop on indigenous women’s rights and peace-building was organized by the Indigenous Women Forum for North East India (IWFNEI) on September 27 at Bokajan with the Karbi Nimso Chingthur Ason (KNCA) and Rengma Mothers’ Association of Assam.

The workshop was sponsored by IIWF/FIMI discussed issues on rights of women in the state, national and international level and steps on peacebuilding.

Mirbin Engtipi, a Lawyer based at Diphu spoke on the CEDAW, provisions under the Indian Constitution that provides protection and safeguard for women.

AgArtAlA, September 29 (iAnS): Five companies of Tripura State Rifles (TSR) troopers will be deployed in Haryana to facilitate peaceful state assembly elections Oct 15, an official said Monday. "Around 500 TSR personnel led by Commandant Bijoy Debbarma will leave Wednesday for Haryana," a Tripura home department official told IANS. He said: "The TSR personnel will be posted in

The participants at workshop on indigenous women’s rights and peace-building organized by the Indigenous Women Forum for North East India (IWFNEI) at Bokajan on September 27.

“Peace needs to be shown in action and its starts from being able to live together again.” said Khesheli Chishi, Convenor, IWFNEI who further urged the women to take

the lead role in building peace within their communities and neighbouring communities.

Adding that, listening is crucial for making peace, Khesheli exhorted the

A fight for dignity: BLF discusses ‘North East India’ bAngAlore, September 29 (the hinDu): Amid the more glamorous sessions in Bangalore Literature Festival (BLF), featuring Chetan Bhagat and Rani Mukherjee, were sessions of substance that brought forth important issues. One of the sessions, “Does India neglect its Eight Sisters?” stood out for the range of discussion on North East (NE) from its varied culture and social structure to its political and economic systems. Moderated by Neelesh Misra, a journalist, the session included the fiery Pradyot Deb Barma, the GS of the Tripura Pradesh Congress and editor of The Northeast Today (TNT) Magazine, Binalakshmi Nepram, a writer and founder of Manipur Women Gun Survivors Network and writer Dhruba Hazarika from Assam.

The sessions shattered myths about the ‘North East’, the title of the session itself was wrong, Binalakshmi pointed out,"It’s wrong to say eight sisters,it’s seven sisters and one brother, which is Sikkim"."Many people consider the NE to be only jungles, where people eat anything that moves.

There are several such misconceptions about the region", She added saying that the region has a rich culture, with 272 ethnic tribes.

Neelesh posed the question if insurgency has become a convenient excuse for mis-governance. Pradyot said Tripura merged with India willingly in 1949. “But the government failed to protect our land.” Dhruba said that the Mizoram Peace Accord has led to peace for 20 years. “I disagree that militancy is an excuse for mis-governance.”

To the question, ‘How should the perception of the NE become more realistic? Binalakshmi said that we need to break stereotyping the ‘North East’.

“How we are portrayed in Hindi films should change.

I was once told that some magazines say not to put a north-eastern face because

women to listen to each other’s sufferings and start the first step with the family, children and youngsters.

While the participants further discussed matter

relating to decision making, division of labour in each community and peacemaking, they also expressed the need for a third party to be involved in peace-building.

GOVERNMENT OF NAGALAND

OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER: ZUNHEBOTO NO.JUD-21/2013-14/30 Dt, Zbto, the 25th Sept’2014 Notice calling objection to issue of Succession Certificate Smti G.Khehoni Sema of South Point Zunheboto District, Zunheboto has applied for issue of a Certificate declaring her Legal Husband Lt.K.Govito Zhimomi who has expired on 7-8-2014.

it doesn’t ‘sell’. In history text books, we don’t find a single chapter on the NE, that needs to change. But militarisation is a big issue.

AFSPA is a black mark on democracy!”

It is hereby notified that if no objection to issue of the certificate applied for received from anyone within the period of 30(thirty) days w.e.f from the date of publication in press.

No further complaint shall be entertained for issued of the same.

Deputy Commissioner, Zunheboto: Nagaland

PUBLIC NOTICE The Family members of Late. Chemdemo Murry once again re-affirm the notice published on 11th June 2006 that the ancestral properties in Nagaland of Late. Chemdemo Murry, both movable and immovable properties cannot be sold/transferred/ mortgaged by any individual/society without the consent of all the family members. Anybody doing so will be held accountable at his/her own risk.

Dated: Wokha- 30th September, 2014 Descendants and family members of Late. Chemdemo Murry, Orchid Hill, Wokha Nagaland.

IN THE COURT OF DEPUTY COMMISSIONER DIMAPUR DISTRICT HEADQUARTER CHUMUKEDIMA, CAMP: DIMAPUR: NAGALAND

NOTICE

Dated: 29th Sept.2014 No. M-1001/14/8786-89: Notice is hereby given to Shri. Viloto Yepthomi S/o Zhevukhu Yepthomi resident of Dimapur, Nagaland under Rule 50 & 51 of Assam Land Revenue Regulation 1886 have applied for Mutation of land described in the schedule below: The undersigned under Rule 52 of the said Rules do hereby invites claims/objections concerning to the said land, if any & should be submitted to this court in writing on or before 29/10/2014 SCHEDULE OF LAND AND BOUNDARY Name of Patta Holder: Y.Nuklu Phom, Village Block No: Dubagaon Patta No: 514, Dag No: 298/592, Area: 01B-00K-00Ls Sd/Deputy Commissioner, Dimapur: Nagaland

Haryana according to the direction of the Election Commission and will remain in the state until the electoral processes are over." The official said the TSR troopers will likely be also posted in Jharkhand, where assembly elections might be held in November or December.

"Beside providing security during Commonwealth Games in New Delhi in 2010, the India Reserve (IR) battalions of TSR were earlier sent

to Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Nagaland and Mizoram to provide security during polls," the official said.

The TSR battalions, trained for counter-insurgency operations, were constituted in March 1984 to deal with terrorism. Seventy-five percent of their troopers are from Tripura while the remaining are from across the country.

GOVERNMENT OF NAGALAND

DIRECTORATE OF HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE NAGALAND: KOHIMA-797001 DHFW/WB.PMAP/2014-15/

Dated Kohima the 29th Sept 2014

ADVERTISEMENT

The Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Nagaland now invites eligible consulting firms ("Consultants") to indicate their interest in providing the Services. Interested Consultants should provide information demonstrating that they have the required qualifications and relevant experience to perform the Services. The criteria for selection and Expressions of Interest details can be assess by visiting the website www.nrhmnagaland.in DHFW/WB/PMU/HR//2014-15/

Dated Kohima the 29th Sept 2014

ADVERTISEMENT

Applications are hereby invited for appointment to 1(one) post of Procurement Officer for a duration of 1(one) year with possibility of renewal subject to satisfactory performance with a pay of Rs.50,000 in the upper limit inclusive of other benefits for the Nagaland Health Project(World Bank) under the Establishment of Directorate of Health & Family Welfare.

1. The short listing criteria are: a. Post-graduate degree in Management or BusinessAdministration or Commerce b. At least eight (8) years experience in procuring goods, services and works for social development project. c. Good knowledge of international donors' procurement procedures. d. Experience in contract management. e. Fluent in spoken and written English. f. Good command of computer programs and applications 2. All supporting documents along with the application letter should reach the office of the Mission Director, NHM within 15 working days from the date of this advertisement.

3. The screened eligible applicants will be intimated for written test and interview.

(DR.NANDIRA CHANGKIJA) Project Director, NHP Health & Family Welfare

DEPARTMENT OF POSTS, INDIA

Office of the Director of Postal Services Nagaland : Kohima – 797 001 No : J-II/Stock/Divisional/Ch-VII

Dated : 29 Sep 2014

NOTICE INVITING TENDER FOR PROCUREMENT OF COMPUTER PAPERS/A-4 SIZE PAPERS/A-5 (LEGAL SIZE) PAPERS TO O/O DIRECTOR OF POSTAL SERVICES, NAGALAND DIVISION, KOHIMA The Director of Postal Services, Nagaland Division, Kohima on behalf of the President of India intends to invite sealed tenders from local registered firms for procurement of Computer papers (10x12x1 and 10x12x2), A-4 size papers and A-5 (Legal size) papers to O/O Director of Postal Services, Nagaland Division, Kohima.

The procurement will be upto Mar 2015.

1. Tenders must reach the undersigned on or before 17-10-2014 addressed to the Director of Postal Services, Nagaland Division, Kohima-797001.

The method of submission of tender, amounts of Earnest Money/Security Deposit and General Terms and Conditions applicable to contract has been mentioned in Annexure-I. The proforma for submission of tender has been given in Annexure-A (for technical bid) and Annexure-B (for financial bid) to this Notice Inviting Tender.

(Copy to be obtained from O/O Director of Postal Services, Nagaland Division Kohima on any working days) The schedule of Tender is given as under :Schedule of Tender :(i) Tender No : J-II/Stock/Divisional/Ch-VII (ii) Last date and time of receipt of tender : 17-10-2014 at 4 pm (iii) Amount of Earnest Money Deposit as per clause-4 of Annexure-I : Rs. 4000/(iv) Date and time of opening of Technical Bid of tender : 21-10-2014 at 3 pm (v) Date & time of opening of Financial Bid of tender : 22-10-2014 at 3 pm (vi) Cost of tender : Rs. 100/(In case the date of Tender happens to be ‘Holiday’ then the tender will be received and opened on the next working day as per same time schedule) Venue : O/O The Director of Postal Services, Nagaland Division, Kohima-797 001 The tenders completed in all respects must be received in this office on or before the date and time indicated above. The tenders received after the scheduled date and time will be rejected outright.

All outstation tenders should be sent by Speed Post addressed to the undersigned and must reach in the O/O Director of Postal Services, Nagaland Division, Kohima by 17-10-2014 at 1600 hrs and tender received thereafter shall not be entertained.

Sd/(Som Kamei) Director of Postal Services Nagaland Division, Kohima-797 001

4 businEss/public discoursE Blackberry Passport available in Surrender India for Rs 49,990 from Oct 10 Dimapur

Tuesday

The Morung Express

30 September 2014

New Delhi, September 29 (pti): In a fresh bid to grab a pie of the premium smart phone market, BlackBerry Ltd on Monday unveiled its most expensive handset Passport, priced at Rs.49,990, which will be available across Indian market from 10 October.

“Pre-booking has started for Passport at Amazon and BlackBerry exclusive stores from today (Monday). Customers pre-booking at Amazon.in would receive a gift card worth Rs.5,000. It will be available across stores from 10 October for Rs.49,990,” BlackBerry India managing director Sunil Lalvani said at the launch event. BlackBerry Passport has a 4.5 LCD touch screen and comes with a three row qwerty keypad which also has capacitative touch features embedded in it.

“The keypad can be used for typing as well as navigation by swiping fingers on it for functions like delete, moving predictive words function up and down etc,”

Lalvani said. BlackBerry Passport comes with 3450 mAh non-removable battery which company said will support up to 14 hours of talktime in 2G network and video playback of up to 11 hours. The squareshaped handset has 13 megapixel main camera and 2 megapixel camera.

The internal storage capacity of the phone is 32 GB and supports 128 GB of external storage.

BlackBerry has targeted professionals who have heavy typing require-

ment through Passport. The phones total length is about 5-inch and width is about 3.5 inch. Though BlackBerry Passport is completely different in terms of design, it may see tough competition from premium smartphones like iPhone 5S, Sony Xperia Z3, HTC M8 etc.

Another tough competition for the phone could be Samsung Note 4, which is yet to be launched in India. Before Passport, the company’s most expensive smartphone was Blackberry Q10 launched for about

Rs.45,000 in June last year.

The handset is now available in the market at around Rs.19,000—less than half its launch price. The company had to reduce price of its handsets as there was a huge inventory pile up due to less of demand of BlackBerry phones sold at premium price.

Lalvani said the price of BlackBerry Passport is going to stay because of its high quality components and specifications. “We launched Z3 in June and there is no price change till date. We are getting good response. We had two price revisions of Z10 over period of 18 months. Its not a secret.

We had to write down some inventory and we are now coming out of it. Passport is competitively and aggressively priced because of its specification,” Lalvani said.

He said that Blackberry Passport stands out better compared to other flagship devices of company’s competitors in terms of specifications.

Savior, ‘tis a full surrender, All I leave to follow Thee; Thou my leader and defender From this hour shalt ever be No withholding full confession, Pleasures riches, all must flee; Holy Spirit, take possession!

I no more, but Christ in me.

H

ere we go again. And it is all a manifestation of what people agrees to and what people do not agree to. One cannot go against the will of the people.

Just because one have needs, one cannot trod over the expectations and will of the people. Yet again, I hear some people say, ‘You have the good wife, two half-men and a daughter, the house and four wheels to boot’, and therefore it is easy for you to say and sing. Very true, but justification also comes easy. Even Subrato Roy of Sahara, Vijay Mallya the king of good times or for that matter the Ambanis or even a Robert Vadra too have needs and problems, so it just can’t be wrong and that’s what I thought.

People can think what they want to think but as for me I have one too many loose domestic ends to tie up

and hence will make hay while the sun shines. My assumption that the views of the people can always be taken care of later proved to be the height of optimism. Just a peek into The Book and I discovered that God open doors only after people insert the key and undo the lock. It is not the Kings and the Queens. It is not the Presidents and the Prime Ministers. It is the people who holds the key. I do not know why it took me this long to understand this basic fact. I had always believed that God comes first, but the truth which I found was that God Himself had already said that it is the people who comes first. Amen.

Here is the story of a roving reporter conducting a survey from country to country. In his first stop, America, he asked a person on the street, “What is your opinion on the shortage of meat in the world?” The bemused American replied, “What is shortage?” Continuing in his single-minded survey, his next stop was in a deprived African nation weighed down by the pain of famine. The reporter inquired, “What is your opinion on the shortage of meat in the world?” and the fam-

‘Beat’ from the Mumbai port to Chile last Thursday, a release said here.

Beat was launched in the Indian market in 2010. The vehicle is produced at the company’s Talegaon facility in Maharashtra. The plant has an

Mahindra launches scooter Gusto

mUmbAi, September 29 (pti): Mahindra & Mahindra (M&M), which is yet to make a mark in the twowheeler space, today launched a new 110-cc scooter ‘Gusto’ as the homegrown auto major seeks to challenge the supremacy of Japan’s Honda in the domestic market.

Gusto, priced Rs 43,000 onwards (ex-showroom Delhi), is pitted against Honda Activa, HeroMoto’s Maestro and TVS Jupiter. The scooter will be available in the western and northern markets of the country to begin with.

‘Gusto’ has been developed as a global scooter at the company’s R&D facility in Pune. It is the first product developed independently by the company after it acquired Kinetic six years back.

“This is the company’s first groundup scooter developed entirely inhouse. With the Gusto, we are committed to further consolidating our

two-wheeler business,” said M&M President (Automotive Division) Pawan Goenka at the launch.

Highlighting its features, M&M Two-wheeler Division Head Rajesh Jejurikar claimed Gusto is the first scooter in India to have a height adjustable seat.

annual production capacity of 1,70,000 vehicles and 1,60,000 engines.

The first 140 left-hand-drive Beats were shipped from the Mumbai Port on September 25 and it is expected to reach Chile in the next few weeks, the company said.

“The first shipment of Chevrolet Beats demonstrates our commitment to make our India-built products available in global markets,” GM India president and managing director Arvind Saxena said.

GM India will continue to ship models to Chile on a monthly basis, he said.

“We expect to identify additional export markets going forward. This will help drive capacity utilisation at our Talegaon plant,” Saxena said.

The compact car Beat is already manufactured and sold in many markets across the world.

Available in both petrol and diesel versions, Beat is GM India’s best-selling model.

As part of GM CEO Mary Barra’s recent trip to India, she participated in the roll out of the first Beat for export on September 10.

The Chevrolet portfolio in India includes the Spark, Beat, Chevrolet SAIL, SAIL Hatchback, Cruze, Tavera, Chevrolet Enjoy and Captiva.

_

LEISURE

Simple Rules - There is just one simple rule: “Fill in the grid so that every row, every column, and every 3x3 box contains the digits 1 through 9.”

SUDOKU Game Number # 3011

Benito.Z.Swu

Road conditions and Road Projects

T General Motors begins vehicle exports from India

mUmbAi, September 29 (pti): General Motors India on Monday said it has begun vehicle exports from India, with a first shipment to Chile.

The company shipped the first lot of 140 units of its hatchback Chevrolet

ished individual responded, “What is meat?” The reporter’s third stop was a country strangled by a dictatorial regime, and there the reporter asked a person standing in a long line for food, “What is your opinion on the shortage of meat in the world?” Having been stripped of all individuality, the puzzled person replied, “What is opinion?” Finally, the frustrated reporter ended up in the Middle-East and asked a harried individual on his way to work, “What is your opinion on the shortage of meat in the world?” Wildly gesturing, the Middle Easterner countered, “What is, what is?”

In true Middle Eastern fashion we Nagas too many a times cannot even agree on the question, so we really do not need to fear disagreement on the answer. Nevertheless, it is a solemn reminder of how tedious even starting points can be in some deliberations.

A quote : “Dearer is love than life, and fame than gold; But dearer than them both your faith once plighted hold.” – Unknown -

he existing road from Zero (0) point Chakhabama to Zunheboto which is the lifeline linking with its administrative centres like- Chetheba, Chozuba, Satakha, Zunheboto, Mokokchung, Changki leading to Mariani in Assam was constructed by the Border Roads Organisation during 1967. The road plays vital role connecting peoples’ relationship uplifting their economic condition and also pushes forward national integration. After Indian Independence this road was built for the benefit of the State providing with strong and stable bridges, culverts, retaining wall and drainage system. But the road remains in decrepit condition due to lack of periodical maintenance. On 21st June 2012, Maytas Gayatri Company from Hyderabad has been awarded contract works for widening two lane road project from existing Zero (0) point Chakhabama to Zunheboto and allotted a substantial amount of money approximately rupees one thousand three hundred crores for construction of this road under the Road Transport Ministry of the Government of India to complete construction before March 2013. People expected better road connectivity and service from the Company. But our expectation of hope is belied and now the concerned citizens look at the Company as trouble makers who are encouraging looting of public money; because the work was done haphazardly cutting fresh earth, devastating drainage system, vegetations and the environment. The Company did not take care to provide culverts and drainage system.

Rather they plugged the culverts constructed by the Border Roads Organisation. During rainy season due to water logging, water over-flows on the road causing soil erosion between 0 point to Chakhabama area and Thenyizumi village at 29 km stretch devastating paddy fields, existing water canals, valuable plantation like Gomari and Teak trees in the area. In the month of

August 2013, Commissioner & Secretary Shri Temjen Toy alongwith his team of local Engineers from PWD (R&B) inspected the road from 0 point to Dzulhami and they have noted the work executed by the Maytas Gayatri Company. They have also been briefed by the local villagers regarding the devastation of the properties. But the visit of the inspection team does not yield any results till date to mitigate the sufferings of the people. People of the affected area require solution to the problem created by the Company and the concerned State/Central Government authority is requested to take appropriate measures to redress the grievances of the area people.

Due to deplorable road condition, Bus services is suspended by the Transport Department causing heavy loss of revenue to the Department and the poor villagers from Chetheba, Chozuba and Zunheboto area are facing untold miseries. Poor farmers are deprived of their livelihood who used to sell their products to the travelers in their respective areas to earn money to support their family. Serious patients who need better treatment in hospitals at Kohima or Dimapur have no communication. Sometimes carrying of death body to their home for burial have to stop at night for several hours on the road till JCB come into rescue to clear the blocked portion.

It is a matter of serious concern for all those right thinking people who are facing this kind of man made ordeal due to large scale corruption in road project which in fact testifies to the mindless and thoughtless contractors entrusted with construction work of this road.

N. Theyo Former Minister of Nagaland Chetheba town, Phek district

Readers may please note that the contents of the articles, letters and opinions published do not reflect the outlook of this paper nor of the Editor in any form.

DAILY CROSS WORD

CROSSWORD # 3018

DIMAPUR Civil Hospital:

STD CODE: 03862

Metro Hospital: Faith Hospital: Shamrock Hospital Zion Hospital: Police Control Room Police Traffic Control East Police Station West Police Station CIHSR (Referral Hospital) Dimapur hospital Apollo Hospital Info Centre: Railway: Indian Airlines Chumukedima Fire Brigade Nikos Hospital and Research Centre Nagaland Multispecialty Health & Research Centre

Answer Number # 3010

KOHIMA

Police Control Room: North Police Station: South Police Station: Fire Brigade: Naga Hospital: Oking Hospital: Bethel Nursing Home:

232224; Emergency229529, 229474 227930, 231081 228846 228254 231864, 224117, 227337 228400 232106 227607 232181 242555/ 242533 224041, 248011 230695/9402435652 131/228404 229366 282777 232032, 231031 248302, 09856006026

STD CODE: 0370

Northeast Shuttles

100/2244279 2222222 2222111 2222952 2222916 2243339 2224202

LIBRARYCARD REFERENCE CIRCULATION BOOKTRUCK INSTRUCTION REPAIR ISBN ISSN DVDS EBOOKS AUDIOVISUAL AUDIOBOOKS WEEDING COURIER INTERLIBRARYLOAN FICTION CHILDRENS NOVELS NONFICTION CHECKOUT GENEALOGY DUEDATE COMPUTERS MEETINGROOMS BOOKCLUBS LIBRARYGUIDES KNOWLEDGE BOOKMARKS DISPLAYS INVENTORY SHELVES PATRONS OVERDUES BOOKDROP FINES

R

G E W H O G N H R T U G C H E C K O U T

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S N E R D L I H C B J M X L A L N U D J

B A N C D U E D A T E N S S I O G X I Z

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U A D O V E R D U E S N K B I N E P Y Q

L I N S T R U C T I O N R T I G B R R Q

E

C L S R A D P I H R X A C D B O O Z E N

K P I E O U N G T D R I E P Y T O D F F

O W O B N G D A R Y F E V C N L K H E I

A

O U B R R I P I C N W Y P E O U S A R C

B R O O D A F A O P F D V O F U V U E T

J V O Y G K R N G V Z N R O A S R D N I

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S M K G M D O Y N O I T A L U C R I C O

S K T O F F P O G Q L S N F J G P O E N

H S R L F C N R B U U N U F A S E B Y R

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08974997923

E L U A I N T E R L I B R A R Y L O A N

L E C E M K L K S D V D W S L D I O J B

V V K N V K J F V E G D E L W O N K J K

MOKOKCHUNG:

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E O Z E P C O M P U T E R S P B I S B N

S N I G Z P E O X D O E S Y A L P S I D

L R I A P E R A B V Y V N A I I A A I G

ACROSS 1. Melancholy 6. Rodents 10. Outlay 14. Female internal reproductive organ 15. Beige 16. Reflected sound 17. About a US quart 18. A bitter quarrel 19. A noble gas 20. Disarrayed 22. Container weight 23. Parsley or sage 24. Happenings 26. Bawdy 30. Japanese apricot 31. Indian bread 32. Wings 33. A single time 35. Spurns 39. Touching upon 41. Daytime performance 43. Ceased 44. WW1 plane 46. Assistant 47. Neither ___ 49. Euro forerunner 50. Not a win 51. Movie house 54. Afflicts

56. Smell 57. Impossible to satisfy 63. Of higher order 64. Tidy 65. Chalice 66. Shopping place 67. Sea eagle 68. Employs 69. Away from the wind 70. Specks 71. Thigh armor

DOWN 1. Valuable metal 2. 57 in Roman numerals 3. Horse feed 4. Chocolate cookie 5. Gift of the Magi 6. Terms that refers 7. Bitter 8. Not false 9. Without warning 10. 100th anniversary 11. Sea 12. Not tall 13. Notes 21. An evil supernatural being 25. Widespread 26. Tardy 27. Distinctive flair 28. A magician’s tool

29. Pervert 34. Grows weak and thin 36. Pearly-shelled mussel 37. What we sleep on 38. Views 40. Biblical kingdom 42. Grownup 45. Agricultural laborer 48. Showered 51. Punctuation mark 52. Something to shoot for 53. French for “Our” 55. The ability to see 58. Roman emperor 59. Operatic solo 60. Taverns 61. Untruths 62. If not Ans to CrossWord 3017

DIMAPUR: 03862 232201/101 (O) 9436017479 (OC) CHUMUKEDIMA: 03862 282777/101 (O) 9856158740 (OC) WOKHA: 03860 242215/101 (O) 9862039399 (OC) MOKOKCHUNG: 0369 2226225/101 (O) 9436012949 (OC) PHEK: 8414853765 (O) 9862130954(OC) ZUNHEBOTO: 03867 280304/101 (O) 9856156876 (OC)

MON: 03869 251222/101 (O) 9436208480 (OC) KIPHIRE: 8414853767 (O) 8974304572 (OC)

Toll free No. 1098 childline

O

KOHIMA: 0370 2222952/101 (O) 9402003086 (OC)

TUENSANG: 8414853766 (O) 8414853519

CHILD WELFARE COMMITTEE

W

FIRE STATIONS

STD CODE: 0369

Police Station 1: Police Station 2 :

2226241 2226214

Civil Hospital: Woodland Nursing Home: Hotel Metsüpen (Tourist Lodge):

2226216 2226263 2226373/2229343

TAHAMzAM (formerly Senapati) STD CODE: 03871 Police Station: Fire Brigade

222246 222491

CHEVROLET CARS PRICE SEPT ‘2014 CAR MODELS

STARTING PRICE

SPARK 1.0 MCE

3,38,705/-

BEAT 1.2 (PETROL)

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The Morung Express

Tuesday 30 September 2014

Nagaland flags off ‘Inculcating values is imperative’ ‘Swachh Bharat Yatra’

Kohima, September 29 (mexN): A state-wide Sanitation Awareness Campaign Yatra (Tour) under the initiative of Water & Sanitation Support Organization (WSSO) of PHE Department was officially flagged off today from Raj Bhavan area, Kohima by Noke Wangnao, Minister PHED. The Dimapur based Dreams Unlimited, will take the lead role in this State wide Yatra and go to all the 11 districts of the State under the theme, “Creation of public awareness on Good Sanitary Practices” and convey the message through dramas, songs and literature. The Yatra will also focus on need of totally doing away with the practice of open defecation,

Dimapur, September 29 (mexN): “While imparting education, it is imperative to inculcate the values of discipline, obedience and respect in a student,” stated Asano Sekhoshe, chairperson, Nagaland Board of School Education. Sekhose, speaking at the 67th Annual Day of SD Jain Higher Secondary School (SDJHSS) on September 29, added that inculcating values would not only help students to succeed but also enable them to become socially accepted individuals.

PHED Minister Noke Wangnao flags off Swachh Bharat Yatra.

Dwelling on the role

the importance of washing hands with soap, need of keeping villages clean with proper solid and liquid waste management etc.

This ‘Swachh Bharat Yatra’ has been organized as part of the activities of the

National Sanitation Awareness Campaign which is being observed in the whole country from September 25 to October 31 under the direction of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India.

at Pangti Village, stated AFRAU Pangti president, Zanthungo Shitiri and secretary, Nribemo Merry in a press release.

The union also informed that it will maintain two entry points for the visitors/ tourists - road coming from Doyang at Woro Emem, and another enroute Alichen at Aree Junction. “The installation of these entry points is to ascertain the number of visitors arriving during this season and to provide

moN, September 29 (Dipr): Workshop cum launching of ‘National Sanitation Awareness Campaign’ organized by Water and Sanitation Support Organization (WSSO) PHED Mon, sponsored by WSSO PHED Nagaland Kohima, guide to the visitors,” it was held at NPF hall, Mon said. Ferry boat will also be on September 29 with Presmade available to interest- ident KNSK, Lomei Konyak ed visitors by the fishermen community.

Stating that the Amur Falcon Roosting Area Union is protecting the roosting area at Pangti Vil- Kohima, September lage (only Roosting place in 29 (mexN): On the occaNagaland) day and night, sion of Durga Puja, Parliathe Union has appealed mentary Secretary Tovihoto to all the people in Naga- Ayemi has extended heartland to abstain from kill- felt wishes to the Hindu ing/ hurting the bird when community. “As you celethey fly around the State in brate this important festival search of food. which epitomizes the victory of Good over Evil, I appeal the people to work towards translating the significance

activity under any sector that would develop their resources and lead to the enhancement of livelihood options and provide new opportunities to bring in additional income.”

In order to achieve this mandate, the following activities/ programmes for women will be taken up: Awareness Generation & Capacity Building, Training & Skill Upgradation, Pro-

motion of Rural & Urban Entrepreneurship, Livelihood Support Intervention, Institution Building & Formation, Facilitation of Credit and Micro Finance, Marketing-Training, Support & Linkage, Including all ongoing programmes.

Further, it informed that the State Women Commission, currently with Women Development Department will be shifted to Social Welfare Department.

Malayalees in Kohima celebrate Onam Kohima, September 29 (mexN): Kerala's rich cultural heritage came alive on Saturday when Malayalees living in Kohima celebrated Onam— the harvest festival of Kerala— at NSDCF Auditorium, Lerie, Kohima with much gaiety and pomp. Organized by Malayali Samajam, Kohima (the apex body of Malayalees living in Kohima) the event was marked by several cultural performances and entertainment games.

According to Keralite customs, the auditorium was beautifully decorated with Pookkalam- rangoli made with colourful flowers. The celebrations started with lighting of traditional lamp. K.M.Geevarghese, President, Malayali Sama-

Women dressed in traditional attire perform 'Thiruvathira' during the ‘Onam’ celebration in Kohima.

jam Kohima, in his welcome address highlighted the significance of Onam. Rev. Fr. Jubin Mathew extended Onam greetings to the Keralites living in Kohima. Dr. Merennungba, MD, NSDCF also greeted on the occasion.

Meritorious student’s award was given away during the programme. Shihab Ali, IAS and Iliyas, IPS along with their family graced the occasion. Vote

as the chief guest.

Stating that cleanliness is next to godliness, the chief guest said sanitation plays a very important role in every aspect of human life. According to her, if proper sanitation is maintained, there will be less sickness and fewer problems. Therefore, she appealed to the gathering to

begin sanitation at home so as to set examples to others, and at the same time, disseminate their knowledge of sanitation to the villagers Earlier Tiatemjen, JE Mon Town, chaired the program; Manlang pronounced invocation prayer; and Er L.Leyan Khiamniungan, EE PHED, delivered keynote address.

and convenient for them to honor the day).

The main objective of the day is to recognize the services rendered by the senior citizens and to make the society aware about the problems and requirements of older persons the world over, and to give them all possible help and support in turn.

Within India, the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment being the nodal department for the welfare of elderly persons, celebrate this day every year by awarding distinguished senior citizens chosen from across the country, felicitating them with "Vayoshrestha Samman" in 13 different categories. In Nagaland, it is jointly organized by Social Welfare Department and Nagaland Senior Citizens Forum (NSCF) under the sponsorship of the Directorate of Social Welfare, Kohima and observed every year.

MEx FILE DC Kohima bans arms and ammunition Kohima, September 29 (Dipr): In exercise of the powers conferred under Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code 1973, Deputy Commissioner and District Election Officer, Kohima, W. Honje Konyak has banned carrying of arms and ammunition under 11 Northern Angami -II A/C till the completion of the bye-election. All licensed fire arms and ammunition should be deposited at Chiephobozou police station on or before September 30, failing which, arms licenses shall be liable for cancellation under section 17 of the Arms Act 1959. In this connection, all the Village Council Chairmen have also been directed to instruct the villagers in possession of licensed arms and ammunition on the same. The Village Councils should make necessary arrangement to keep all licensed fire arms and ammunition under each jurisdiction within the village in case the villagers find it difficult to deposit at the police stations after intimation to the office of the DC & RO Kohima, it was informed.

PC Drafting Committee Kohima, September 29 (mexN): The KPC Drafting Committee has informed all interested participants that the motto of the Kohima Press Club (KPC) is “To Serve.” In this regard, it has requested the interested individuals to design the logo accordingly. The designer of the best logo will be awarded a cash prize of Rs. 5000/-.

The entries may be emailed to sumichi@rediffmail.com or ritakrocha@yahoo.com or addressed to the Convenor/Secretary, Drafting Committee, Kohima Press Club and submit at The Morung Express Office, Kohima. The last date for submission is October 25, 2014.

NPF campaign for bye-election

Kohima, September 29 (mexN): The bye-election campaign of NPF 11 Northern Angami II Assembly Constituency will start on September 30 with a function at Chiechama village. Dr. Shürhozelie Liezietsu, President NPF, T.R Zeliang, Chief Minister, Kiyaneilie Peseyie, Minister Social Welfare, Dr. Neiphrezo Keditsu, NPF ofland State has also extended ficial candidate and Neiphiu Rio, Member of Parliament warmest Durga Puja greet- will be speaking at the campaign inaugural function. ings to the Hindu community of Nagaland. “Sarba Mangala National Voluntary Blood Mangalle Shiv e Sarbastho Donation Day Oct 1 Swaidhikey – Happiness & betterment at all levels for all Kohima, September 29 (mexN): The Voluntary for all time to come, success Blood Donors Associations in Nagaland will observe the at the end of all your pursuits National Voluntary Blood Donation Day on October 1 in the most truthful way,” and month long campaign on Voluntary Blood DonaState BJYM secretary, AK tion. In Kohima, it will be observed at Modern college Kohima with Lithrongla Trongpi, Administrator Kohima Mishra wished.

Municipal Council as chief guest from 11:00 am. The program has been jointly organised by the Voluntary Blood Donor Association, Kohima and the college with support from the Nagaland State Blood Transfusion Council, Nagaland State AIDS control society and technical support from Blood Bank Naga Hosital Authority, Kohima. The All Nagaland Voluntary Blood Donors Association has applauded all the voluntary blood donors for their ‘gift of life’, and appeal to all the eligible donors to come forward and join “this noble and heroic act of giving the precious gift of life.” All members, blood donors and well wishers have been invited to the event. For more details in district level, contact the respective Blood Bank District Hospital and District Voluntary Blood Donors Association. For any further information, call 9615355144/ 9436435422.

of thanks was pronounced

by Sureshkumar.R.P, Cultural Secretary, Malayali Samajam, Kohima.

Women dressed in traditional attire performed 'Thiruvathira'. Besides, the audience was enthralled by other cultural performances by the kids of MSK followed by a musical concert ‘Old is Gold’ by the members of MSK. The day's activity ended with sumptuous traditional 'Onasadya' (Onam feast).

of this festival into reality by doing good deeds in the society,” Tovihoto stated.

He further wished that the festive season ushers in communal harmony by respecting each other and acknowledging the contributions of everyone towards a progressive society.

Meanwhile, Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha Naga-

Kohima Orphanage receives financial help from Amway Kohima, September 29 (mexN): Amway Opportunity Foundation (AOF), the corporate social responsibility arm of Amway India, reinforced support and presented annual aid to the Kohima Orphanage & Destitute Home (KODH).

On Monday, Amway presented an aid amounting to Rs 1.30 Lakh to KODH. The cheque was handed by Janbeni Awomi, Nagaland State Training Officer, Amway India Limited to Neibanuo Angami, chairman KODH. The association of AOF with KODH started way back in 2009, and AOF also set up a computer centre at the orphanage in the year 2013.

AOF also observed “Power of Five”, an advocacy program to build awareness on child malnutrition in Kohima with the KODH today. This is part of the global campaign undertaken by Amway named “Raise your hand, fight global child malnutrition.”

On this occasion, AOF organised annual health check-up camp for the children of the orphanage, where Dr. Joyce Angami

Avail discounted taxi fare from Dimapur to Mkg

Janbeni Awomi, Nagaland State Training Officer, Amway India Limited handing over the cheque to Neibanuo Angami, chairman KODH.

checked the inmates.

Speaking on the initiative in Kohima, Diptarag Bhattacharjee, Vice President, Eastern Region, Amway India, said, “Amway Opportunity Foundation is committed to the holistic development of the less privileged section of the society. The idea behind ‘Power of Five’ is to sensitize people towards importance of Nutrition in those critical initial five years of child’s life.”

KO D H C ha i r ma n Neibanuo Angami in her address thanked the Amway India for helping the KODH over the years and

hoped that Amway will continue to help them in coming years.

As part of ‘Power of Five’, AOF also requested all present to come forward and provide colourful handprints to a global mural. For every colourful handprint, Amway will donate US$1 summing up to a total of US $ 400,000 to CARE International towards the support of underprivileged children.

Employees and distributors of Amway India along with children of KODH pledged their support to eradicate childhood malnutrition from India.

International Day of Older Persons on Oct 1 NBCC youth department triennial conference ends Kohima, September 29 (mexN): Nagaland will observe International Day of Older Persons (IDOP) on October 1 in Kohima with the theme "Leaving no one behind, promoting a society for all." Kejong Chang, Parliamentary Secretary, Horticulture, who is the eldest Member of the 12th Nagaland Legislative Assembly will grace the event as chief guest. Dr. S I Tushi Ap, President Nagaland Senior Citizens Forum (NSCF) will speak on the significance of IDOP. The function will begin at 7 am with flag off of walkathon by the chief guest at Old MLA Hostel Junction, which will be followed by a program at Zonal Council Hall.

A press note issued by S. Ghunakha Swu, Secretary, NSCF has requested all the elders of 60 years and above to attend the function (with dress they feel comfortable

5

Durga Puja greetings extended

Name of Women Development Dept changed Kohima, September 29 (Dipr): The nomenclature of Department of Women Development has been changed from “Women Development” to “Women Resource Development”. The department in a notification informed that the mandate of the department would be to “Strive towards economic empowerment of women in Nagaland. Take up any

of teachers, Sekhose said that teachers as role models must not fail to guide and motivate their students. The students must also work hard and work on their abilities in order to succeed, while fulfilling the aspiration of their parents and contribute to the society, Sekhose added. Stating that the present system of education demands active involvement of parents, she urged parents to be more

supportive while keeping track of the child’s progress.

Further stating that school annual days are important, she said that it enables one to reflect on the past and plan for the future. On the school, Sekhose said that its contribution has been praiseworthy, while its achievements bear testimony to the vision of school’s founder.

Sekhose further informed that the NBSE has revised the existing syllabus of Secondary and Higher Secondary (Humanities) with a view to improve the level of information.

National sanitation campaign launched in Mon

Falcon roosting village gears up for tourists WoKha, September 29 (mexN): Considering the “deplorable condition” of the road from Doyang to Pangti, the Amur Falcon Roosting Area Union (AFRAU) Pangti organized social work on September 27 by filling the potholes, cleaning the landslide and cleaning the watch tower constructed by Bamboo Mission and Forest department Nagaland.

The social work was organized in view of the tourists visiting to see Amur Falcons roosting in millions

SD Jain Higher Secondary School holds Annual Day

Dimapur

pfutSero, September 29 (mexN): Nagaland Baptist Church Council (NBCC) Youth Department held its triennial conference cum 30th annual session from September 26 – 28. The conference was hosted by the Chakhesang Baptist Church Council (CBCC) at the mission centre T. Chikri, Pfutsero under the theme “Speaking the Truth in Love.”

A press release informed that workshops were conducted on four topics - Youth and Mission, Youth and Media Ministry, Worship Leadership, and Planning Events with Recycled Materials. The resource persons for the workshops were Denny John, Wabang Moa, Dr. Vesekhoyi Tetseo and Rev. Ai Nohara Tetseo respectively.

The main speakers for the conference were Rev. Dr. L. Anjo Keikung, General Secretary, NBCC, Dr.

Participants at the NBCC youth department triennial conference cum 30th annual session held in Pfutsero.

(Inset) Speakers.

Vesekhoyi Tetseo (Vee), President, Asia Pacific Baptist Youth Fellowship, (APBYF) and Rev. Ai Nohara Tetseo, Okinawa, Japan.

Dr. Vee and Rev. Ai Nohara, according to the release, did a series of preaching on the theme emphasizing on speaking truth in love. Asserting that it is a basic foundation, a trademark for every Christian, they remarked that

to be able to speak the truth in love,“we”needtocontinually check “our” hearts. “The reason why Jesus said about the generation of viper to Pharisees is because they failed to speak the truth,” it was stated.

However, they cautioned that while speaking the truth, one must also use words carefully and with an aim to positively influence others.

Meanwhile, Rev. Vezo-

pa Tetseo, Executive Secretary, CBCC encouraged the young people to be in line with the scripture and dream beyond what they see today in terms of leadership for a better future.

During the three-day event, associations like CBLT, WSBAK, ABCC, ABAM, KBBB, NPBCA, BTC, PBCC and CRBC made special presentations. Baptist Theological College led the praise and worship while the pianists for the program were Atso-u Koza and Nekhro-u Kapfo. The program managers were Tia Toshi, Vitoli and Khrievino Sahu.

New office bearers were also installed by Rev. Toshinaro, Women Secretary, NBCC. Some special events of the conference were the extravaganza evening, sightseeing to Glory Peak and family groups, the release added.

Dimapur, September 29 (mexN): The All Nagaland Taxi Association (ANTA) Dimapur Unit is launching Mokokchung per-paid booth (ticket counter) at Super Market here, near Mokokchung private bus station, as per the resolution passed by the RTO Kohima dated, January 31, 2011 for the benefit of the taxi owners and safety of the passengers. A press release from ANTA Dimapur unit president, Tohozhe Awomi and general secretary, Ahoshe Chophi informed that the Association is discounting the taxi fare from Rs 450/- to Rs 410/- per passenger from Dimapur to Mokokchung without any taxi counter commission. Therefore, all the passengers traveling between Dimapur to Mokokchung have been informed to avail the benefit. The counter booth will be fully functional by October 1, 2014, it added.

Supply Colony Council meeting Dimapur, September 29 (mexN): The Supply Colony Council will hold its annual general meeting on October 2 at Children’s Park from 1:00 pm onwards.

Therefore, all the residents of the colony have been requested to attend the meeting without fail. This was informed in a press release issued by the council secretary.

ABCC Young Fathers’ Brigade Kohima, September 29 (mexN): The men’s department of Angami Baptist Church Council (ABCC) is conducting its Young Fathers’ Brigade at Seithekema ‘A’, Dimapur from October 2 to 5 with the theme: “Build up your strength in union with the Lord and by means of his mighty power” Ephesians 6:10. Several people from 6 Coy would be participating led by their Commandant, Adjutant and Chaplain, and more than 700 Angami young Baptist fathers are expected to attend the Brigade and participate in various competitions and activities, informed a press release. The Brigade speakers are Dr. V. Atsi Dolie, Executive Director, ABCC, Pastor Zakiezokho Nisa, Rev. Mekhale Yhoshu, Rev. Dr. Mazie Nakhro, Ruokuoleu Guozi, Dr. Neisietsolie Savino, K. Kezha Dzuvichu, Pheluopfelie Kesiezie & Rev. Zapovil Sophie, President ABCC. The Brigade officials include Daso Paphino, Ruungutuo Sechu, Kezhokhoto Savi, Rev. Neivilieo as Director General, Director, Brigadier, and General Secretary respectively and many others.

General control room for bye-election Kohima, September 29 (Dipr): Assistant Election Officer, R. Mhathung has informed the Political Parties, Contesting Candidates and General Public in connection with bye-election to 11 - Northern AngamiII A/C that the DC & DEO/RO Kohima has set up General Control Room with Phone No. 0370-2292237 and for Election Expenditure Monitoring Control and call centre with phone No. 0370-2292236.

NSWW/NSCN monthly fellowship Dimapur, September 29 (mexN): The National Socialist Women Wing (NSWW) of GPRN/NSCN will hold its monthly fellowship on October 4, 10:00 AM at Designated Camp Khehoi, which will be followed by a 'Discussion Hour' pertaining to the general conference scheduled during the last week of October 2014. A press release from MIP GPRN/NSCN informed all NSWW/ NSCN members to attend the same without fail. For more information, one may contact the Chairperson, NSWW/NSCN, Holitoli Aye at 9856241079.

6

The Power of Truth

The Morung Express TuEsDAy 30 sEPTEmbEr 2014 volumE IX IssuE 269

Prescriptions

T

he assertion made by Morocco’s King Abdullah VI on September 26, 2014 on the floor of the United Nations asking the Western countries not to impose its “ready-made prescriptions” on other countries needs to be applauded. The essence of the King’s rationale is embodied in this particular sentence that: “Each country follows a path of its own, having taken into consideration its historical development, cultural heritage, human and natural resources, specific political circumstances, as well as its economic choices and the obstacles and challenges facing it.”

Models of development, prescription to problems, systems of governance, education policies and other aspects of human affairs are not neutral. In fact, they are at the core of a people’s culture, worldviews, principles and values and their way of life. In today’s world, due to the over-emphasis and irrational focus on economic development, there is a tendency of the powers that be – developed countries and dominant communities – to impose rapid changes and unfamiliar models on the third and fourth world countries. In doing so, not only do they create instability and dependency, but more importantly they are functioning on the illusion of a mono-cultural prescription to a diverse and pluralistic humanity.

At a time such as this, when the Naga people are going through a challenging and trying period, it will perhaps be helpful to reflect on the insights and wisdom of the Moroccan King. It is a reality that our protracted conditions have not only made us vulnerable, but has also made us anxious in finding answers to our diverse problems. And in our attempts to improve our current realities, we seem to be introducing “ready-made prescriptions” without giving it much critical thought or analysis. This is clearly demonstrated in policies such as the Special Development Zone model; or for that matter the current discourse around issues such as oil and other mineral resources and the question of indigenous peoples and issues.

If Nagas are genuinely seeking sustainable and democratic prescriptions and solutions to our diverse problems, it is fundamental that the prescriptions need to respect and reflect the Naga culture including its core values, principles and way of life. Only when the prescriptions are contextually based can the Nagas begin to build and evolve their own development models that reflect their specific needs and aspirations. In essence, Naga thinkers, policy makers, entrepreneurs and leaders need to look inwards for prescriptions, rather than looking outward. No doubt there is much to learn from other people’s experiences. However, the underlying need for Nagas is to create their own prescription so that we may take responsibility and ownership of our situation, as well as for our solutions.

lEfT wiNg |

Shradha Chettri IANS

Grassroots women work to build a better society

L

IN-FOCUS

ast year's Uttarakhand tragedy changed Hiresha Verma's life forever. After witnessing the plight of several women who had become widows in several villages of the state, she decided to teach destitute women mushroom cultivation for a livelihood.

"There were many homes where only women had survived. They were living in terrible conditions," Verma, 45, told IANS. "Seeing this I decided to sell the call centre I was running and with that money, I started my Hanzen Interantional venture in Dehradun," she said with pride.

This has helped around 1,000 women in the hill state who are now growing button mushrooms and other exotic varieties and are earning Rs.8,000 ($130) to Rs. 10,000 per month. Similarly, Vrindavan-based Laxmi Gautam answers the distress call of the widows through her NGO, Kanak Dhara Foundation.

A history professor, Gautam has been helping these abandoned women not just with food, clothing and medication, but also acceptance and affection. "Out of 2,500 only 700 widows stay in government homes. So most of them end up living on the roads, or in the temple premises," Gautam told IANS. She has been engaged in this for the past 15 years. "I have even performed the last rites of many of these widows," she said. These women, along with several others, were in the capital recently to receive the grassroots women achiever award presented by the Assocham Ladies League.

For Gujarat-based Muktaben Dagli, making blind girls and boys self-reliant has been her sole mission for the last three decades. Having lost her eyesight when she was seven, 52-year-old Dagli provides blind girls and boys with a room to stay, basic education and skill training through her organisation that is located in Sundernagar, 110 km from Ahmadabad.

"Parents normally do not want to educate their children who are blind. They stay idle in their villages and ultimately get addicted to many vices. That is when I decided I will make sure every young child in and around the area gets education and stands on his or her feet," Dagli told IANS. With various educational and skill tools, Dagli has helped many blind persons find a job. "People with eyes can see and learn themselves, but for the blind you have to hold their hands and teach them. But I am happy that almost 200 girls have been trained so far," said Dagli who had come with her blind husband to receive the award.

But the proud moment for Dagli has been to see these boys and girls get married and start a new chapter. While these three women decided to cater to forgotten and ignored sections of the society, Jamuna Tudu from Jharkhand chose to stood up for the forest in her village and fight the jungle mafia.

The 33-year-old is popularly known as "Tarzan lady from Maturkham". Tudu, with her army of green women, has so far managed to conserve 50 hectares of forest land.

"I have grown up in this forest, so I thought it was my moral responsibility to protect it," Tudu told IANS. Having worked in the forest for over 15 years, the fight against the mafia has been life threatening, but this hasn't deterred her spirit to keep the fight going. "Once in an attack, my husband too was injured," shared Tudu.

So much is she close to nature that during Raksha Bandhan she ties rakhis (sacred thread) on the trees.

"I do not have children, so for me they are like my own kids and I will do anything to protect them," a smiling Tudu told IANS.

THE EDIT PAGE

C O M M E N T A R Y

Andrew Blum Foreign Policy

The Peace Bridge to Nowhere

U

kraine, Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, Syria, Nigeria, the Central African Republic, South Sudan -- a depressing list, which seems to grow each day. It can be read as shorthand for human suffering and international tragedy. For the multitude of conflict prevention and humanitarian organizations that are committed to preventing the calamities that have struck these countries, the list is a sobering reminder of how much work needs to be done.

But it is also a reminder that this work demands continuous evaluation. The governments, foundations, and individuals that fund international aid work demand assurance that their money is being spent wisely; any hope for success demands being able to deploy smart, wellrun programs. And doing that means being able to hold agencies and organizations accountable.

There's a paradox, however. The challenges inherent to working in conflict zones means that strengthening the current approach to accountability -- judging success against promises made years ahead of time -- will create less effective programs, not better ones.

The paradox is caused by a stable, slow-moving system, like the U.S. government, colliding with the unstable, rapidly changing conditions in conflict zones.

Virtually all of the work funded by the U.S. government or other international funders in areas of conflict follows a certain model: An agency identifies a problem and designs programming to address it, then hires a for-profit contractor or non-profit NGO to make it happen. Along with other independent agencies, such as inspectors general, the funding agency then tries to hold the hired organization accountable for achieving the objectives described in the original agreement.

In the end, the results are supposed to check off the boxes from the initial plan, regardless of what might have happened in the interim.

Needless to say, this doesn't always work out.

The rigid approach to implementing projects, not so surprisingly, has contributed to some welldocumented failures. The final report of the Special Inspector General for Iraq (SIGIR) documented hundreds of abandoned projects that Iraqis are not using, including a $40 million prison that "will never hold a single Iraqi prisoner." In her new book Peaceland, Severine Autesserre describes another illuminating failure: The United Nations sought to increase security in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) by deploying additional police officers to the region. However, the police received no training, and the government of the DRC saw them as U.N. police, so refused to pay them. As Autesserre documents, the untrained, unpaid police became just another group preying on the local population, but at the end of the project, because the stated goal was to establish the force in the first place, the U.N. still claimed it as a success.

Lurking behind these failures is funding agencies' normal accountability mechanisms, which simply don't work when applied to conflict-affected areas because they make it very difficult to adapt programming to changing circumstances. As Andrew Natsios, the former administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), has argued, the accountability system in Washington, which he calls the counter-bureaucracy, "misapplies a domestic management lens to aid programs."

H

e stirred a hornet's nest with his explosive CAG report on the allocation of 2G telecom spectrum, but Vinod Rai, now retired, is sticking to his guns, saying leadership in the UPA-II government was "very loose", with parties pulling in different directions, but is dominant in the current National Democratic Alliance (NDA) dispensation.

Rai, whose book "Not Just An Accountant" (Rupa) was released earlier this month, said the bureaucracy has a greater sense of participation in the Narendra Modi government.

Rai, who was Comptroller and Auditor General during 2008-13, noted that on the basis of his little interaction with his former colleagues that there is a feeling among civil servants that they were being heard more.

"They certainly have a greater sense of participation in the government.

They now don't have a GOM (group of ministers) or an EGOM (empowered group of ministers) sitting on top of them. There is a secretary and there is a minister which is the hierarchical procedure. They feel they are being heard more," Rai told IANS in an interview.

Rai also lauded Modi's initiative to interact directly with top civil servants.

"I have a feeling it gives the officers some strength to their elbow."

Asked about difference between the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) and NDA, Rai said he cannot make the distinction as he was not in the government to know its working. Pressed further, he said NDA appeared to have a leadership which is dominant.

"It seems there is dominance of leadership. But the way it is manifested

Changing how peacebuilding organizations measure success could save aid projects that are stuck trying to meet rigid, dated, and increasingly arbitrary goals in conflict zones

Holding an organization accountable for building a highway bridge in Minnesota, for instance, requires a different approach than holding an organization accountable for building a Ministry of Justice in Libya.

Still, the need for accountability won't change -- working in challenging places cannot mean that organizations get a pass for not doing the job. But the way that success is measured and applied needs to evolve. So how should the U.S. government hold peacebuilders, contractors and NGOs, accountable in a way that actually makes sense?

To oversimplify a bit, the current approach is built around two basic questions that funding agencies ask: Did you do what you promised you would, and did it achieve the results you said it would? As a result, in the field, the plan drafted by the government -- called a "scope-of-work" -- guides every decision that contractors and NGOs make. Given how long planning and procurement can take for projects like the prison in Iraq, this means that contractors are often trying to fulfill promises made up to three years before projects even start.

To fix this process -- that is, make it more responsive and agile -- those questions should be focused on how the project achieved results in an unstable environment. The first question to program directors should be: What results did you achieve? Then, how did the project adapt to be most effective, given the changing context in which you are operating? Finally, what evidence do you have that supports your decisions regarding adapting your project?

Given the rigid, detailed planning processes that are the norm in U.S. government-funded projects, that may sound like a radical departure, but many of the building blocks are already in place.

There are already examples of NGOs, international organizations, and U.S. government agencies that have adopted the flexible, adaptive programming that is required to be effective in conflict zones.

The NGO Partners for Democratic Change, for instance, often uses a model that is based on establishing a permanent partner "center" within a conflict zone, such as Yemen or Colombia, as opposed to implementing a project with a set of pre-determined activities. A recent evaluation of this model claimed that, "as process experts, the Centers

were able to adapt their programs and services to meet new needs and take advantage of new opportunities." Religious networks, in part because they have independent sources of funding, have been employing a similar, so-called "window of opportunity" model for decades. This model relies on continuous presence in an area and the ability to respond flexibly to opportunities as they arise.

The U.S. Institute of Peace, where I work, uses a similar model, implementing something called Justice and Security Dialogues in six different conflict zones. The project, which consists of ongoing discussions between police and community organizations, is organized as a platform, as opposed to a strict set of activities. The nature of the dialogue and the problems addressed are regularly adapted based on the feedback received from the community and security services. This adaptation makes the dialogues better, and it makes it more likely they will succeed.

The truth of the matter is that it is easier than ever to get reliable feedback on how projects are working.

New tools, including SMSbased cell phone surveys, civilian-controlled satellites and drones, social media, and groundbreaking big data projects (such as the GDELT initiative), all provide new and powerful ways to gather data within conflict contexts on both program activities and broader context. And gathering this information will only get easier. The challenge, therefore, is creating a feedback loop, and the only way this can happen is if projects are allowed to adapt in response to the data they gather.

Finally, there is hard evidence that adaptive projects are simply more effective. In a recent blog post, Duncan Green, a strategic advisor for Oxfam Great Britain, discusses a study of the evaluations of 10,000 development projects. The paper reports that, in general, giving program implementers flexibility to adapt to changing realities makes their projects more effective. That impact is stronger in complex environments like conflict zones. A recent evaluation of USAID reconciliation programming similarly found that "programs are most effective when they are adaptively implemented."

Peacebuilders thus know how to implement adaptive programming, and they know it works. But many of the organizations doing good programming are succeeding despite the demands of their funders, compliance officers, or inspectors general. They find ways to be more flexible, while at the same time doing just enough to keep the "counterbureaucracy" happy. The shift that is needed is an approach to accountability that doesn't just create space at the margins for creative organizations to do flexible programming, but which demands that all organizations do this sort of programming. It must then require that organizations provide evidence explaining programming decisions they made and the results achieved. (As a bonus, this approach can safeguard taxpayers' money.)

As rallying cries go, "More, but different accountability!" probably won't inspire the masses to march in the streets. For peacebuilders, though, who are used to the long, hard, often dangerous tasks involved in helping countries put themselves back together, it might resonate. It's time to stop making the hard work even harder.

Andrew Blum is the vice president for program management and evaluation at the United States Institute of Peace. The views expressed here are his own.

‘Leadership dominant in NDA, was 'very loose' in UPA’ Prashant sood IANS (in government), I really can't comment because I don't have insider knowledge," he said. Rai said he had believed that the April-May Lok Sabha polls would throw up a hung parliament.

Asked how much his reports were responsible for the defeat of the UPA in the polls, he said they had initiated a debate. He said that factors that contributed to the UPA's defeat included corruption and "total failure of governance".

Answering a question, Rai said that parties that comprised the coalition in the UPA-II government (2009-14) were pulling in different directions and probably were not getting into a cohesive mode.

"It is very important for coalition politics to have one or two binding factors. May be a leader, may be political leadership. That leadership seems to have been very loose," Rai said. Rai said that he was addressing the young generation through his book as they want the government to be more accountable for its actions.

"The younger generation today is a very aware generation, very discerning and very demanding and they time and again want their viewpoint to be heard.

They want the government to be accountable for its actions. That generation

is what I am addressing. And I am trying to tell them in very simple language that the future for us is only if we consolidate on our governance," he said.

Rai said that governance should be ethical, there should be transparency in decision-making and those taking decisions should be accountable. The former CAG said that he had taken five case studies in his book, including the 2G spectrum allocation, and they reflected "different kinds of failures". He said the facts had been gleaned from audit reports.

Asked about the responsibility of then prime minister Manmohan Singh in the 2G spectrum allocation controversy, Rai said if he had answered the letter of then communications minister A. Raja in a different way, the fate of UPA would probably have been different.

"To the extent that he was being informed of everything is very clear. Why he chose to take the decisions that he chose to take, that nobody has been able to find," he said. Rai said the UPA government could have taken correctives when the 2G controversy broke out.

"Instead of trying to justify, they should have said let's tone up governance, take remedial steps," he maintained.

Rai said while the CAG officials

wRiTE-wiNg

were called names by two Congress MPs during the meeting of the Public Accounts Committee (PAC) which was examining the auditor's report on 2G spectrum allocation and they had no option but to listen.

"These MPs called us names, they literally called us frauds, said our reports (were) full of untruths and that we were politically motivated. We had to sit there quietly and listen.

Now my question is whom do I go for a remedy?" he asked.

Rai said that even though the then PAC chairman, Murli Manohar Joshi, had urged the MPs to withdraw their words and render an unqualified apology to the CAG for "wild allegations", they "obviously did not do any of those things". "The debate I want to start is what is the accountability of elected members," he said.

Rai said that he was prepared for criticism of his reports but did not realise it "will stoop to the level of personal attacks". As for the controversy related to the preparations for the Commonwealth Games, Rai said that it was the UPA government which appointed Suresh Kalmadi as chairman of the organising committee.

"That does not seem to be a right decision because it (the organising committee) was not a government body but was being entrusted with government funds to spend. Accountability was very diffused," he said.

Rai said he had no political leanings and did not want to join electoral politics. "My mental (make up) is that I cannot enter the hurly-burly of electoral politics. So it is not my cup of tea, that's what I keep saying."

Letters to the Editor should be sent to: The morung Express, House No. 4, Duncan Bosti, Dimapur - 797112, Or –email: morung@gmail.com All letters (including those via email) should have the full name and Postal address of the sender.

Readers may please note that the contents of the articles, letters and opinions published do not reflect the outlook of this paper nor of the Editor in any form.

PERSPECTIVE

7 East Asia: A Farewell to Arms

TuEsday

THE MORUNG EXPRESS

30 September 2014

NEWS ANALYSIS, FEATURE AND DISCOURSE

With climate change upon us, it's time to bury the hatchet in one of the world's most volatile regions

LITERARY CRITICISM ENHANCES THE BEAUTY OF LITERATURE

‘C

Emanuel Pastreich and John Feffer

E

Foreign Policy in Focus

ast Asia faces an enormous number of challenges. The countries of the region clash over territory, argue over history, compete for diminishing natural resources, and dispute the balance of power along the Pacific Rim. In response to all these challenges, the United States has offered a one-size-fits-all approach: free trade and more arms. Ratification of the free trade agreement the United States is pushing in the region, known as the TPP (Trans-Pacific Partnership), remains a long shot. In the meantime, Washington has fallen back on arms peddling and burden sharing.

The Pacific Pivot of the Obama administration is only the latest version of a militarized U.S. response to regional conflicts. For many years, Washington has been pushing its allies in the region to buy high-priced U.S. weapons systems and spend a larger percentage of their GDP on defense. Tragically, the final denouement of Washington’s military evangelism could be catastrophic conflicts that end American influence in the region.

East Asia’s thriving economy is the envy of the world.

But the recent growth in military spending makes analogies to the Europe of 100 years ago no longer seem so farfetched. The region is home to top military spenders: China is number two in the world, Japan weighs in at number eight, and South Korea has risen to number ten. Russia, the number three in military expenditures, is a significant player in the region by dint of its far east and its expanding relationships with China and North Korea. And number thirteen, Australia, is increasing its presence in the region.

The United States, which spends more on the military than the next eight top spenders combined, is thoroughly enmeshed in the region. Although the Pacific Pivot involves only a modest increase in the U.S. military footprint – primarily in the form of naval power – it has brought with it a more confrontational approach toward China and a push to significantly increase the military spending of U.S. allies.

Hawks inside the Beltway want the United States to be even more confrontational. For example, CSIS’s Michael Green and Victor Cha have argued that the United States should double the number of nuclear attack submarines that are based at Guam, increase amphibious forces in Hawaii, station littoral combat ships in South Korea, permanently base a bomber squadron on Guam, and increase manned and unmanned surveillance throughout the region. The increase in provocative surveillance flights along China’s borders has already done much to raise tensions.

The region desperately needs a plan for responding to serious security threats such as climate change and the widening disparities in wealth. Instead, U.S. engagement is driven by campaigns to convince South Korea to purchase an expensive missile defense program called THAAD (Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense) when Seoul’s official position is that it does not need the program. Similarly, China’s entirely legitimate concerns about the stationing of such equipment at close proximity have been dismissed without even a minimum effort at dialog.

Even more troubling is the emerging nuclear breakout in East Asia. China, which traditionally maintained a modest arsenal, is engaged in a serious modernization effort aimed at enhancing survivability, increasing striking power, and countering missile-defense programs. North Korea is expanding the capacity of its nuclear weapons, though the size and reach remains unknown, and that move is increasing pressure on its immediate neighbors to go nuclear. We now hear voices in Seoul and Tokyo urging a repeal of the prohibitions against nuclear weapons in order to counter the programs of their neighbors – with some analysts in the United States urging them to do so. And the Obama administration, despite its advocacy of nuclear abolition and its negotiations of new ceilings with Russia (whose utility have been drawn into question by recent events), has green-lighted a multi-billion dollar modernization of its own arsenal.

Maybe Washington policymakers believe that a ring of allies will pin down a rising China. But future conflicts are unlikely to follow this game plan. For example, South Korea and Japan have their own disputes over territory and history. Increases in Japanese military spending, even if ostensibly aimed at North Korea, will inevitably be perceived by both South Korea and China as a direct threat.

Similarly, beefing up the Vietnamese military will likewise trigger an arms race in Southeast Asia unrelated to China.

The European Example In the 1970s, arms control negotiations were essential to transforming Europe from the scene of multiple tragic arms races and devastating wars into a unified, peaceful region. Military leaders in both the United States and the Soviet Union realized the dangers of the arms race and entered into serious negotiations that produced concrete nuclear arms control and conventional arms control agreements during the détente period.

During the early 1970s, the two sides of the Cold War divide made a commitment to addressing their various disagreements in three ways: through bilateral nuclear agreements between Moscow and Washington, through political and economic discussions in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), and through the reduction of military forces in Europe in the Mutual and Balanced Force Reductions (MBFR) negotiations. The MBFR, after some fits and starts, eventually fed into the talks that in 1989 resulted in concrete reductions in NATO and Warsaw Pact forces in Europe. After the Cold War ended, the Conventional Forces in Europe treaty provided a platform for negotiating further reductions of forces between NATO and Russia, although neither side fully embraced the plans.

The arms build-up in Europe in the 1970s and 1980s was no less dangerous than the situation in East Asia today. In spite of the relative success of détente, the Cold War mentality flared up again after the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the resulting demonization of Moscow by the Reagan administration. Nonetheless, the nuclear and conventional arms control negotiations of the 1970s held up through all the political tests, serv-

“Arena of mind” portrays a space for idea germination, a field where ideas from multi-disciplinary viewpoints fertilize the world of intelligence. The writers aspire to envision a new future by exploring the mind, discovering new seeds of insights and unleashing them to enlightenment.

A Chinese People's Liberation Army soldier adjusts a rifle of a member of an honor guard as they prepare for a welcome ceremony for visiting Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy outside the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, China on Thursday, September 25, 2014. (AP Photo/Andy Wong)

ing as essential building blocks for a new security architecture that assured a stable and peaceful Europe.

Decades of arms control negotiations created an environment in which politicians, policymakers, and military experts dedicated their time to thinking about how to reduce tensions, rather than create tensions so as to expand military budgets. They developed sophisticated systems for confidence-building that in turn institutionalized the agreements beyond mere reductions in the level of armaments. The result was a proliferation of Track 2 and Track 3 discussions that created a wider circle of stakeholders committed to tension reduction, which ensured that arms control and disarmament agreements continued regardless of changes in political leadership.

Asia doesn’t have any comparable history of arms control and disarmament. Japan participated in the Washington Naval Conference, the first arms control meeting in history and the source of the 1922 agreement limiting battleship construction. But it was also Japan that effectively ended the agreement when it pulled out in 1936.

In the post-war era, the only arms control to speak of has been Japan’s adoption of a peace constitution that renounces the sovereign right of military action and calls for an international regime of peace and justice. Despite the promise of that peace constitution, other nations did not adopt such policies–most notably the United States, which imposed the constitution on Japan in the first place. The United States also removed tactical nuclear weapons from South Korea in 1991 as part of the scaling down of the military after the Cold War, but that symbolic act was not part of an overarching policy concerning armaments.

Beyond Rebalancing The U.S. strategy for East Asia, currently termed “rebalancing,” demands a complete reformulation.

First and foremost, the basis of foreign policy should be mutual security, not the sales of pricy weapons systems. Over the next five years the United States and its alliance partners– Japan, South Korea, and Australia–together with the major military powers of the region, China and Russia, and the ASEAN member states, should meet to draft a comprehensive plan for the limitation of nuclear and conventional weapons.

That commitment to an arms limitation agreement must go hand and hand with a security policy that recognizes climate change as the primary security threat for the region and demands systemic reforms of all governments.

There is already significant support for such an approach, as evidenced by the declaration of Admiral Samuel J. Locklear III (the leader of the U.S. Pacific Command) that climate change is the most significant security challenge. As Andrew DeWit has noted, the U.S. Pacific Command has committed itself to a concrete engagement with climate issues that opens up new vistas for future collaboration across Asia. Climate change must serve as the transformative issue in security that drives forward an arms control grand deal as part of a fundamental redefinition of the role of the military in society.

Engagement with China is a necessary condition for success. China does not categorically view the United States as an unwelcome presence in the region. Although there are hardliners in Beijing, as there are in Washington, China has consistently expressed a willingness to work with the United States on security issues, including military-to-military cooperation. China has participated in military exercises, such as RIMPAC 2014, organized by the United States.

However, the confrontational displays of military hardware in China’s coastal waters have raised concerns in Beijing that the United States is not so much a regional arbiter as a hegemon trying to subdue a potential threat. The future of the world depends as much on the United States moving away from a Cold War paradigm for diplomacy and security as it does on China accepting the norms of the international community. The decision by the United States to engage with China in a long-term arms control agreement could transform the relationship of the two countries.

The Way Forward The United States is the world’s biggest spender on military hardware as well as the world’s biggest salesman. Therefore, the first step toward a comprehensive East Asian arms control agreement should begin in Washington. Rather than ratcheting up of the arms race in response to disputes, Washington should show leadership by embracing a commitment to arms reduction and confidence-building measures.

Any arms control agreement should be multilateral, as opposed to bilateral. It is critical to recognize that the current arms buildup in the region involves every single country, and that the underlying causes of tension are complex and do not following alliance lines. The extreme focus on North Korea’s nuclear program has blinded us to larger regional security challenges.

Such an agreement will require some form of institution, even if it is only a regular conference, as the CSCE initially was. Track One and Track Two institutions,

such as the ASEAN Regional Forum and the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific, could be the locus for initial conversations. A mature comprehensive arms control framework will eventually require a new inter-governmental initiative.

The Six Party Talks could serve as an initial platform to enter into serious discussions about arms control. Rather than repeat the litany of demands for North Korea to unconditionally end its nuclear program, the members–the United States, Japan, South Korea, China, Russia, and North Korea–could start negotiations about how to eliminate nuclear weapons and vastly reduce conventional weapons in the region. Such negotiations should not be limited to or dependent on Pyongyang’s actions but should rather serve as the basis of a larger security architecture that will be implemented regardless of North Korea’s actions. However, the negotiations should, in and of themselves, provide incentives for North Korea to participate as part of a larger agreement to reduce Chinese, Japanese, and Korean arms, as well as scale down the U.S. military presence.

One obvious incentive for North Korea to participate would be for the United States to offer to negotiate a peace agreement to replace the armistice that ended the Korean War in 1953. Such a peace treaty, for which Pyongyang has been lobbying, could include a provision on creating a regional mechanism to ensure compliance. This mechanism could then become the core of a new regional security structure.

An initial agreement among those players would gain momentum from a declaration of U.S. support for the Limited Nuclear-Weapons-Free Zone in Northeast Asia proposed by John Endicott in 1995. This proposal has been crafted with the input of military experts from all the members of the Six Party Talks (except North Korea) and can serve as a first step toward to the eventual elimination of all nuclear weapons in the region. The proposed NWFZ (Nuclear Weapon Free-Zone) is effective in that it builds on the precedents of eight established NWFZs, such as the Antarctic Treaty (1959) and the Southeast Asia NWFZ (1995).

The negotiations on nuclear weapons should be paralleled by series of talks concerning the reduction of armaments in the region based on the precedents of the MBFR talks. Those discussions could develop into an on-going mechanism that generates arms reduction proposals and a roadmap for implementation following a predictable sequence. Specific agreements could be negotiated for naval vessels, tanks and artillery, aircraft and bombers, and missiles and other delivery systems.

The agreements should also include active monitoring arrangements to ensure compliance and provide for strict rules concerning military drills and surveillance.

A key element of these talks would be the scaling back of major military exercises in the region, with an eye toward an eventual moratorium, and a cessation of provocative surveillance programs in the region.

Moreover, because the rapid rate of technological change is making conventional arms increasingly unconventional, agreements on conventional weapons must evolve to keep up. Emerging technologies such as drones, robots, 3D printing, and cyber warfare should also be addressed directly by the protocols of these arms treaties. The disruptive nature of technological change itself should be explicitly addressed within any arms control treaty to assure its continued relevance.

Theater missile defense should be addressed as a part of a comprehensive arms treaty. Despite the technological questions surrounding the effectiveness of such a missile defense system, the proposal by the United States to extend a system to Korea and Japan has already resulted in reciprocal advances in China’s ballistic missile program that are inherently destabilizing. Moreover, China doesn’t accept the American position that missile defense is a defensive mechanism. As a result, although Americans might argue that missile defense would be the last element to be removed in an arms control agreement, China would argue that it should be the first to go. This issue can only be addressed by serious negotiations.

Finally, it is critical that talks on climate change mitigation and adaptation parallel the talks on nuclear weapons and conventional weapons. Reducing conventional and nuclear armaments will necessitate a transformation of the military’s focus and function. The huge bureaucracies that employ millions of people in the respective militaries must be given a stake in the battle against climate change.

Over the last year, the world has witnessed an uptick in conflicts in Ukraine, Iraq, and Gaza that is deeply troubling. In each of these cases, the situation has escalated because of the choice of a military response by all sides.

The crises in East Asia, meanwhile, have become muted over the last couple months. This is an ideal moment for Asia to offer a different approach to settling the myriad conflicts that have bedeviled the region for years. If Asia bids farewell to arms as a means of solving conflicts, it can set a powerful example for the rest of the world.

riticism’ is generally understood as ‘an act of expressing disapproval of somebody or something or a statement showing disapproval’ shadowing its positive practical aspect wherein criticism also means ‘the work or activity of making fair, careful judgments about the good and bad qualities of somebody or something’. Thus, it is an act of analyzing, evaluating, critiquing, judging, etc. In fact, it is a many-sided activity.

Criticism is a process as natural and inevitable as breathing is in the process of living.

If Literature is an artistic depiction of reality and as defined ‘Mirror of life’, Literary Criticism is the study of the representation of different worlds, of different stories about people with different experiences.

Literary criticism is no longer a closed discipline practiced by elitist scholars. It has opened up, overlapped with lots of other disciplines: Philosophy, History, Sociology, Economics, etc. Its purpose has broadened especially over the last century with the additions of Feminism, Marxism, Psychoanalysis, Gay and Gender studies, Post Colonialism and the most abstract Deconstruction, Post-structuralism and Post-modernism. It was once confined to the study of authorial intent, the interpretations of history and style but now it includes all manners of social, economic, cultural and philosophical interpretations of literature and the application of that analysis is also used to study Life itself.

With its ever widening purposes, Literary Criticism enhances the beauty and perfection of Literature in varied ways. The study of Literary Criticism cannot be ignored lest the world of art will be crippled. This study contributes to the maintenance of high standards of Literature. It equips audience to dissect and differentiate between good and bad work of art. By means of appreciation, evaluation, comparison and exposition, Literary Criticism helps retain the excellency and standard in Literature. It acts as a life giving source which keeps good literature alive existing as a disinterested endeavour that motivates to learn and propagate the best that is known and thought in the world by embracing all branches of knowledge such as Theology, Philosophy, History, Art and Science. It makes the best ideas or works of art prevail in the world.

Assisting writers to assess themselves by evaluating their skills and technical abilities is another contribution of Literary Criticism to enhancing the beauty of Literature. Writers can understand the factors that affect the quality and character of Literary work and in this way improve their ability to produce better art piece. The comments and reviews of critics act as a guideline which provides a platform for improvement of their products. The Pseudo-function of criticism i.e. fault finding, gives a sort of direction to writers. Keeping in mind the flaws and mistakes pointed out by critics, artists can manipulate their skills and ideas by giving themselves space for improvement. The Romantic Approach to criticism that dwells on appreciating excellences rather than imperfections act as a boost to the confidence of writers and encourages them to write more and better as it is a universal fact that human beings act more to compliments and appreciations rather than negative feedbacks. The Classicists view that Literary Criticism teaches the writers how to write. It is an equipment that trains the writers.

Readers get much aid in the process of developing critical thinking skills which directs and enhances their outlook towards a work of art, a situation or even life itself. It creates new dimension to observe life. It takes readers to a higher level of cognitive thought by evaluating what the critic says and then applying it to the piece of Literature in ways that the readers may not have originally thought.

This is very applicable to everyday life situation. Appreciative criticism, as stated earlier, dwelling on excellences provides aesthetic pleasure to the readers by gleaning out spots of beauty and loveliness from literary works.

It also enlightens the masses or readers and creates an ideal atmosphere for the development and nourishment of healthy culture.

Literary Criticism is never limited or confined to a single way of understanding things. It gives us ample of perspectives and approaches.

The last and final word is never said in criticism.

It allows us to see things from different dimensions, gives a platform to gain far wider insights into a work of Literature or even for that matter a situation or a crisis in life. It opens avenues for further analysis that gives greater understanding of the world in which we live.

Literature reflects life; life in reality.

Comprehending it, therefore is comprehending life itself. Literary Criticism and its study allow a deeper divulging into the facts and situations prevailing in the realm of human society presented in all forms of art: poems, dramas, stories, music, painting, etc.

This field of study in literature not only helps in understanding works of art better but it ultimately helps us to attain a better understanding of life with all its complexities.

Katini Kreni, Asst. Prof., Dept. of English, St. Joseph’s College, Jakhama.

8

Dimapur

NATIONAL

Tuesday 30 September 2014

Sole Sena minister in Modi cabinet to quit mumbAi, September 29 (iANS): The Shiv Sena’s solitary representative in the union cabinet, Anant Geete, will quit his post soon, party chief Uddhav Thackeray indicated here Monday.

“After the return of Prime Minister Narendra Modi from the US, Geete will meet him and tender his resignation,” Thackeray said here, five days after the six-party Grand Alliance in the state collapsed last Thursday.

With this, the BJP-Sena alliance will end at the state and centre levels, but would continue in several prominent civic bodies in the state, including Asia’s richest, the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai.

Uddhav’s announcement came a day after his estranged cousin Raj Thackeray questioned the Sena move of “clinging” to power in Delhi though the BJP had broken their 25year old alliance in Maharashtra.

Calling upon Sena to immediately withdraw its MP from the union cabinet, the Maharashtra Navnirman Sena chief went to the extent of saying that if he had been alive, the late Bal Thackeray would have terminated the alliance with BJP at least a month back. The Sena had been a constituent of NDA-I headed by then prime minister A.B. Vajpayee with three cabinet ministers, and later bagging the prestigious post of Lok Sabha Speaker for Manohar Joshi.

In the NDA-II, the Sena had to remain content with just one cabinet berth with a relatively light portfolio, despite having more MPs than on the previous occasion.

‘Women safer on streets than in matrimonial homes’

New Delhi, September 29 (iANS): The Delhi High Court Monday observed that married women in India are “safer on the street than in their matrimonial homes” as it upheld life imprisonment for a man convicted of killing his wife.

A division bench of Justice Pradeep Nandrajog and Justice Mukta Gupta upheld the trial court’s July 14 decision of sentencing Pradeep to life imprisonment for killing his wife in May 15, 2011, dismissing his appeal as it noting Pradeep’s offence is that of murder of his wife.

“Every tenth murder appeal we are hearing has the husband before us as the convicted accused. The victim is the wife and the place of the crime is the matrimonial house.

“The other nine out of ten murder appeals which we are dealing with has the place of the crime outside the house and the victim is a male. It appears that married women in India are safer on the street than in their matrimonial homes,” the order stated.

“It is trite that where a wife is murdered in her matrimonial house and the presence of the husband is established, law casts an obligation on the husband to explain how his wife died and if he does not do so, an adverse inference can be drawn against the husband of being the assailant,” added the court.

As per police, Pradeep had murdered his wife with a spade in a building on Najafgarh area of west Delhi but he claimed that he was falsely implicated in the case.

However, the bench said: “The appellant (Pradeep) absconding from the place of the crime is proof of his guilt. If somebody else had injured his wife, it would be the appellant and not his brother who would have taken (the wife) Santoshi to the hospital.”

India will not accept any Chinese intrusion: Rijiju

New Delhi, September 29 (pti): India will not accept any kind of intrusion by China along the border and will defend its territory, minister of state for home Kiren Rijiju said on Monday. “These incidents are happening. But we are very, very clear this time that we will not accept any kind of their (Chinese) intrusion into our territory and we will not concede. This is something we are not going to accept,” he said on the sidelines of a function here.

Rijiju insisted that India wants peaceful atmosphere and tranquillity along the border and there is nothing aggressive about its stand.

He said some of the areas along the India-China border are not very well demarcated and said that PLA soldiers come and sometime cross the area which India sees as its territory. “But we are very firm about our position and we should not let our territory or our perceived territory go into the hands of the other side. We are very clear on that. This should not be construed as us being too aggressive or trying to destabilize the situation along the border,” he said.

The minister, at the same time, said security forces would not carry out any kind of “misadventure” or get into confrontation which will lead to unnecessary strains in ties or escalate tension in the border areas.

“But if they carry out any construction activity in our territory or in our perceived territory, then we have to stop them.

That is why this tension goes along. We are very particular about our concerns and we stand by that,” he said.

The Indo-Tibetan Border Police guards the Indian-China border. The ITBP comes under the home ministry.

Tension in the area erupted two weeks back when some Chinese workers, who were constructing a road on their side, crossed into the Indian side and also claimed that they had orders to build a road up to Tible, 5km deep inside Indian territory. Chinese troops had pitched their tents in Chumar and their helicopters were seen dropping food packets for soldiers.

Jayalalithaa moves court, Panneerselvam is Tamil Nadu CM CheNNAi/bANgAlore, September 29 (iANS): AIADMK leader O. Panneerselvam - looking crestfallen - Monday took oath as Tamil Nadu’s chief minister to succeed J. Jayalalithaa, who moved the Karnataka High Court seeking suspension of her four-year jail sentence and bail after being convicted for corruption.

An emotive Panneerselvam, 63, wiped his tears as he took the oath of office at the Raj Bhavan in Chennai at a sombre event where there were no smiling faces and where some AIADMK ministers broke down. None of them spoke to the media.

Governor K. Rosiah consoled the chief minister as he choked while reading the oath of office and secrecy. Raj Bhavan and state government officials looked equally shattered.

The bizarre ceremony that came two days after a special court in Bangalore jailed the charismatic actor-turned-politician Jayalalithaa for four years and fined her Rs.100 crore for corruption.

Heading a 31-strong team, Panneerselvam retained the outgoing Jayalalithaa ministry.

He took for himself the powerful portfolios of home, finance and planning among others.

A farmer from Theni district, Panneerselvam, widely seen as a gentle and soft-spoken man, entered politics in 1996. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu as-

Newly appointed chief minister of Tamil Nadu state O.Pannerselvam, greets the media with folded hands as he returns after assuming office in Chennai on Monday, September 29. Pannerselvam assumed office Monday after his leader Jayaram Jayalalitha had to step down following a Bangalore court finding her guilty of possessing wealth disproportionate to her known sources of income.(AP Photo)

sembly in 2001 and became the minister for public works department.

He become the chief minister that year in near similar circumstances - for about six months. He headed the opposition after the AIADMK was voted out in 2006.

In Bangalore, Jayalalithaa Monday filed a criminal revision petition in the Karnataka High Court.

Her senior counsel B. Kumar filed four applications seeking an early hearing, suspension of the sentence, bail for her, review of the Rs.100 crore fine and a stay on conviction, an AIADMK leader told IANS. As the court is on a week-long holiday till Oct 6, the petitions will be put up before a vacation bench Tuesday.

“If the petition for suspending the sentence is allowed, we

hope the bail application will also be considered as we want our party leader out of jail at the earliest,” the leader said on the condition of anonymity.

One of the interim petitions seeks a stay on confiscation of properties seized in 1997 from Jayalalithaa’s residence in Chennai by the Enforcement Directorate and now in the custody of the trial court here.

The properties include about

800 kg of silver, 28 kg of gold ornaments, 750 pairs of shoes, 10,500 saris, 91 watches and other valuables.

Along with Jayalalithaa, three others were also sentenced to four years in jail in the case. The three are former confidante Sasikala Natarajan, now disowned former foster son V.N. Sudhakaran and former aide J. Illavarasi.

Jayalalithaa was disqualified as a member of the Tamil Nadu assembly, leading to developments that saw Panneerselvam take oath as chief minister of Tamil Nadu.

After two days of disturbances, Tamil Nadu was largely calm Monday. But film exhibitors said they will fast in support of Jayalalithaa Tuesday and all cinema theatres across the state will be shut that day.

“We plan to fast to extend our support to Amma (Jayalalitha).

Since she has done so much for the film industry, this is the least we could do for her,” a leading exhibitor told IANS. PMK leader S. Ramadoss asked the state government to recover from the AIADMK the losses the state and people suffered in violence that followed Jayalalithaa’s jailing.

On Saturday and Sunday, furious AIADMK supporters forced shops all over the state to shut and also attacked rival party offices and leaders. Roads in most towns and cities wore a deserted look Saturday and early Sunday.

India - Israel ties in upswing, PMs discuss defence and trade New York, September 29 (iANS): With India-Israel ties on the upswing after Narendra Modi’s election, the prime ministers of the two countries met in New York to discuss boosting cooperation, with the Israeli prime minister saying “sky is the limit” for this cooperation.

An official statement issued by the Indian Prime Minister’s Office said Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, in the meeting Sunday, invited Modi to Israel.

The Jerusalem Post quoted Netanyahu telling Modi “sky is the limit” for relations between the two countries.

“We are two old people, some of the oldest civilisations on earth. But also two democracies, proud of our tradition, but also eager to seize the future,” Netanyahu said.

“I believe that if we work together, it will be for the benefit of both our peo-

ples,” he said.

A statement from the Indian prime minister’s office said: “The two leaders reviewed the robust relationship, and rapidly growing trade. They also discussed how ties could be further expanded.”

Sunday’s meeting was the first highlevel meeting between India and Israel since Prime Minister Ariel Sharon’s 2003 visit to India. As chief minister of Gujarat, Modi had visited Israel in 2006 and Netanyahu invited Modi to visit Israel again, this time as the prime minister.

Israel also briefed the Indian prime minister on its perception of the situation in West Asia.

“Defence ties and cooperation in the field of computer software, and cyber security were also discussed,” the statement said.

External affairs ministry spokesperson Syed Akbaruddin said that in discuss-

ing defence relations, Modi told Netanyahu about his “Make in India” programme and pointed out that 49 percent investment was possible in defence industries.

Modi made a pitch for Israeli investments and the two prime ministers discussed boosting bilateral trade that now stands at about $6 billion.

Israel has developed methods and technologies for farming in arid land and for water management. Modi wanted more cooperation in these areas, Akbaruddin said.

Modi also wanted Israel to work with India in water management and solid waste treatment in urban areas as part of his vision for smart cities.

While discussing cooperation in the fields of software and computers, Netanyahu mentioned that when he had worked in areas relating to technology, he found in California that a large number of

workers were Indians or Israelis.

Modi outlined his vision of waste water management and solid waste management in 500 towns across India.

Modi told Netanyahu - and an earlier delegation of Jewish leaders from the American Jewish Congress - that India was proud of its tradition of tolerance towards Jews and and absence of discrimination against them. Netanyahu and the Jewish leaders acknowledged that antiSemitism never exsted in India.

A sign of the ties between India and Israel coming closer is the refusal of the Modi government to condemn Israel in parliament for its actions in Gaza as demanded by the Congress and some other parties. This led to a walkout from the Lok Sabha by the Congress and two other parties.

Modi has not met with Palestinian or other West Asian leaders during his visit here.

India is open-minded, wants change: Modi to US CEOs New York, September 29 (pti): On Monday Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he wants to convert the Supreme Court judgment on coal allocation into an “opportunity to move forward and clean up the past”, as he wooed CEOs of large American companies to invest in India in key sectors including infrastructure.

Hosting a breakfast for 11 CEOs, including Indian-origin PepsiCo CEO Indra Nooyi, Google Chairman Eric Schmidt and Citigroup chief Michael Corbat, Modi said India is open-minded and want the change, which is “not one-sided”. Listening to concerns raised by the business leaders, Modi assured them that his government will address their issues and try to make the environment in India more business- friendly.

Describing the meeting as “excellent and very good”, all business leaders, including Nooyi and Corbat, said that the Prime Minister heard their

concerns and listed out the priority areas of his government to take forward the India story to higher levels. “(We) want to convert the Supreme Court judgment on coal allocation into an opportunity to move forward and clean up the past,” Modi told the CEOs. The Supreme Court last week quashed allocation of 214 out of 218 coal blocks alloted to various companies since 1993 terming it as “fatally flawed” and allowed the Government to take over operation of 42 such blocks which are functional.

Modi’s observation comes in the backdrop of concerns that the judgment would have an adverse impact on corporate sentiments and overall business climate. “India is openminded. We want change. Change that is not 1 sided. Am discussing with citizens, industrialists & investors,” the spokesman of the Ministry of External Affairs Syed Akbaruddin tweeted, quoting Modi.

In this August 25, 2014, photo, tea worker Puliya Mahali looks in vain while sitting in her house in Bundapani, 120 kilometers from Siliguri in the Indian northeastern estate of West Bengal. When the Bundapani tea estate closed last year, death arrived soon after. Puliya, seeming 20 years older than her 50, sat emaciated on the floor, her tiny arms mummified by malnutrition. She cannot move anymore, so her husband Ramesh cannot leave her to look for work. (AP File Photo)

Contemporising myths to find new voices

New Delhi, September 29 (iANS): Issues of class inequality, environment degradation and gender stereotypes have always found voice in Nalini Malani’s works, and so has the artist persistently contemporarised Greek and Indian myths to create visual vocabulary with a message. A retrospective of her works is a testimony to these many threads.

The Mumbai-based artist was recently in the capital for the third and final chapter of her “You Can’t Keep Acid in a Paper Bag” retrospective, spanning 45 years, that will be on till Nov 30 at the Kiran Nadar Museum of Art. Malani uses the stories of mythological characters like Sita, Cassandra and Medea to connect their life’s episodes to contemporary issues and tell a tale that people can relate to.

“Myths are universal balls of

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truth that have come to us rolling through the history and we we have to see what is relevant to our times,” Malani, who began her artistic journey in 1969, told IANS. “I have tried to find different languages for issues like women, equality, gender and class inequality and environmental issues. So everything falls on how to communicate and get attention of my viewers to find answers,” she added.

So it doesn’t come as a surprise when one sees her splendid work at the ongoing exhibition.

There is a video-shadow play “Transgressions III” (2001-14) and a multi-panel reverse painting installation “Twice upon a Time”.

The installation has four cylinders suspended with a thread and three video projections. The video elements combine with reverse painting and shadows, with a child singing a rhyme in the background

whose verses are like “Vada Pao Rs.3, air time Rs. 149, neemboo pani Rs.3, air time Rs. 149... “ “The rhyme is talking of the time when a new networking came to India and wanted to attract more people with the best prices they were offering,” said Malani.

One room at the exhibition has a series of her works purely based on her observation and memory she made on the streets of Lohar Chawl in Mumbai where she had her studio for over 25 years.

“There are several markets in this area where you can clearly see class divide. I couldn’t photograph or sketch these people. SO I had to rely on my memory when I decided to document their lives,” said Malani.

Then she made 30 small books of 30 pages, drawing from memory. “I made mono prints with photocopy and each tackled each mo-

no-print differently,” she said.

Hence came out a series of images that have presence of different characters and different elements at the turn of each page. She almost made a selective videography of these books that is on display.

Another ephemeral work of her adorning the wall of the gallery and it will be removed after the exhibition is over. It is aptly titled “Global Parasite” “My agenda has been too make what is invisible, visible. The people who are building these worldclass cities are poor people from developing nations like India and Bangladesh,” she pointed out.

“They are earning pittance of wage and live in bad conditions.

Their only luxury of entertainment is come to a shopping mall and buy a can of soft drink and watch people. I want to draw people’s attention on this,” she concluded.

Bihar massacre case finally decided after 40 years

New Delhi, September 29 (iANS): Nearly four decades after an unlawful assembly of about 400 people attacked the members of a minority community, killing 14 people and leaving many injured as well as a number of houses burnt in 1974, the case attained finality with the Supreme Court upholding life imprisonment awarded to three accused.

Upholding the life imprisonment, a bench of Justice Ranjana Prakash Desai and Justice N.V.Ramana rejected the convicts’ contention that they were mere passive onlookers who joined the mob out of curiosity, had no common intention and did not share the common object of the unlawful assembly - to attack the members of the minority community who were largely from Bangladesh.

The court was not persuaded there was an old enmity between the two groups and they (convicts) were sought to be implicated by the victims in the case.

Rejecting their contention, Justice Ra-

mana, speaking for the bench, said: “We have no hesitation to come to a conclusion that the appellants (accused) were part of the unlawful assembly sharing the common object of killing, rioting and looting the villagers.”

“Each one of the accused played an active role in furtherance of the common object of the assembly and the courts below were perfectly right in convicting the accused/appellants under Section 149, IPC (Indian Penal Code),” said the court in the judgment delivered recently.

“Hence in our considered opinion, the prosecution has proved its case beyond reasonable doubt.”

“In view of the settled principles of law, once it is established that the unlawful assembly had a common object, it is not necessary that all the persons forming the unlawful assembly must be shown to have committed some overt act, rather they can be convicted under Section 149 of the IPC,” the court said.

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‘Umbrella Revolution’ spreads in Hong Kong HONG KONG, September 29 (Ap): Prodemocracy protesters wearing masks and wielding umbrellas to protect against pepper spray and tear gas expanded their rallies throughout Hong Kong on Monday, defying calls to disperse in a major pushback against Beijing’s decision to limit democratic reforms in the Asian

financial hub.

Riot police withdrew from the extraordinary scene of chaotic tear gasfueled clashes that erupted the evening before and the government asked the student-led protesters to disperse peacefully.

But the demonstrators, whose use of umbrellas, plastic wrap and other improvised defenses has led

some to dub their movement the “Umbrella Revolution,” remained camped out on a normally busy highway near the Hong Kong government headquarters. Supporters were using the phrase on social media.

Police had tried earlier to negotiate, with an officer asking them through a bullhorn to clear the way for

the commuters. A protester, using the group’s own speaker system, responded by saying that they wanted Hong Kong’s Chief Executive Leung Chun-ying to demand a genuine choice for the territory’s voters.

“Do something good for Hong Kong. We want real democracy!” he shouted.

China has called the

protests illegal and endorsed the Hong Kong government’s crackdown.

The clashes, images of which have been beamed around the world, are undermining the city’s image as a safe financial haven, and raised the stakes of the face-off against President Xi Jinping’s government.

Beijing has taken a hard line against threats to the Communist Party’s monopoly on power, including clamping down on dissidents and Muslim Uighur separatists in the country’s far west.

The mass protests are the strongest challenge yet to Beijing’s decision last month to reject open nominations for candidates under proposed guidelines for the first-ever elections for Hong Kong’s leader, promised for 2017. Instead, candidates must continue to be hand-picked by a committee of mostly local proBeijing tycoons — a move that many residents viewed as reneging on promises to allow greater democracy in the semi-autonomous territory.

With rumors swirling, the Beijing-backed and deeply unpopular Leung reassured the public that speculation that the Chinese army might intervene was untrue.

“I hope the public will keep calm. Don’t be misA protester wears a mask near the government headquarters in Hong Kong, early Monday, September 29. Prodemocracy protesters, some wearing surgical masks and holding up umbrellas to protect against tear gas and pep- led by the rumors. Police per spray, expanded their rallies throughout Hong Kong on Monday, defying calls to disperse in a major pushback will strive to maintain social order, including enagainst Beijing’s decision to limit democratic reforms in the Asian financial hub. (AP Photo)

suring smooth traffic and ensuring the public safety,” Leung said. “When they carry out their duties, they will use their maximum discretion.”

That came hours after police lobbed canisters of tear gas into the crowd on Sunday evening. The searing fumes sent demonstrators fleeing, though many came right back to continue their protest. The government said 26 people were taken to hospitals.

To ward off tear gas, demonstrators used homemade defenses such as plastic wrap, which they used to cover their face and arms, as well as goggles and surgical masks.

But umbrellas, used to deflect pepper spray, have become the movement’s most visible symbol. They were the main line of defense Sunday for a huge crowd demonstrators trying to push past barricades manned by police dousing the crowd with pepper spray from backpack sprayers.

As the crowd surged forward, officers tore umbrellas away one by one and threw them aside.

Demonstrator Rick Chan summed up the feelings of many on Monday when he shouted to police watching the encampment, “We’re only carrying umbrellas!”

“I came last night and saw police fire many rounds of tear gas at the

crowd, who were mostly young students and even included some old people,” said Chan, a 32-year-old finance worker. “I feel it was extremely unnecessary.

They could see protesters were not dangerous. Instead they made everyone very angry. I plan to stay here indefinitely.”

Supporters donated new umbrellas, which were distributed to those needing them at stations around the protest zone. They also did double duty, providing shade from the blazing sun.

The protest has been spearheaded largely by college and universityage activists but has gathered momentum among a broad range of people from high school students to the elderly.

Protesters also occupied streets in other parts of Hong Kong Island, including the upscale shopping area of Causeway Bay as well as across the harbor in densely populated Mong Kok on the Kowloon peninsula.

More than 200 bus routes have been canceled or diverted in a city dependent on public transport.

Subway exits have also been closed or blocked near protest area.

After China took control of Hong Kong from the British in 1997, it agreed to a policy of “one country, two systems” that allowed the city a high degree of control over its own affairs

and kept in place liberties unseen on the mainland.

It also promised the city’s leader would eventually be chosen through “universal suffrage,” a pledge that Hong Kongers now say Beijing is failing to keep.

While it was under British rule, Hong Kong’s leader was chosen by London in an arrangement that faced virtually no opposition.

But now, residents want a greater say in their own government and future.

Momentum for the protests started building after university and college students began a class boycott last Monday, which they said would continue until officials meet their demands for reforming the local legislature and withdrawing the proposal to screen election candidates.

Leaders of the broader Occupy Central civil disobedience movement joined them early Sunday, saying they wanted to kickstart a long-threatened mass sit-in demanding Hong Kong’s top leader be elected without Beijing’s interference.

Occupy Central issued a statement Monday calling on Leung to resign and saying his “non-response to the people’s demands has driven Hong Kong into a crisis of disorder.” The statement added that the protest was now “a spontaneous movement” of all Hong Kong people.

‘Global coalition needed to stop organ traffickers’ At least 36 feared dead on volcano

LONdON, September 29 (IANS): Organ trafficking could be more widespread than currently reported and a concerted international effort is required to confront the problem, says a study.

“If countries do nothing about this problem, the consequences for both donors and recipients can be terrible, as they may have to deal with dreadful health outcomes,” said study author Ana Manzano from the University of Leeds in Britain.

The true extent of organ trafficking is difficult to pinpoint because of a combination of factors, she pointed out. Prominent among those is a reluctance to talk by those who give

away their organs, because of fear of prosecution.

Moreover, there is no agreement between countries about what penalties should be in place for those who buy organs and little consistency in enforcing laws. The high status of surgeons also plays a role. “Some surgeons perform illegal transplants, knowing that they will only be caught if they are reported to regulatory bodies by colleagues,” Manzano stressed.

The nature of organ trafficking offences span several countries, which makes tracing organs difficult. Insurers play a part in the proliferation of organ trafficking by paying for followup treatment to transplant patients,

the study noted.

“Together, these factors have helped create the practice of organ laundering - where the illegal purchase of organs takes on the veneer of a legal transaction,” Manzano stressed. “Unless these issues are addressed and countries work together to take firm action against the traffickers, more people who have their organs trafficked will die,” she emphasised. Organ trafficking is broadly defined as situations in which people are tricked into giving up organs for financial gain but are not paid for as agreed. The research was published in the journal Transplantation.

Human genome shaped by evolutionary race with itself WASHINGtON, September 29 (IANS): An evolutionary race between rival elements within the genomes of primates drove the evolution of complex regulatory networks that orchestrate the activity of genes in every cell of our bodies, reveal new research.

The race was between mobile DNA sequences known as ‘retrotransposons’ (jumping genes) and the genes that have evolved to control them. Scientists at the University of California (UC), Santa Cruz, identified genes in humans that make repressor proteins to shut down specific jumping genes. The researchers also traced the rapid evolution of the repressor genes in the primate lineage.

“The findings show that over time, primate genomes have undergone repeated episodes in which mutations in jumping genes allowed them to escape repression, which drove the evolution of new repressor genes, and so on,” explained Sofie Salama, research associate at the UC Santa Cruz’s Genomics Institute.

Furthermore, it suggests that repressor genes that

originally evolved to shut down jumping genes have since come to play other regulatory roles in the genome.

“We have basically the same 20,000 protein-coding genes as a frog, yet our genome is much more complicated, with more layers of gene regulation. This study helps explain how that came about,” Salama added.

Retrotransposons are thought to be remnants of ancient viruses that infected early animals and inserted their genes into the genome long before humans evolved. Now they can only replicate themselves within the genome.

Depending on where a new copy gets inserted into the genome, a jumping event can disrupt normal genes and cause disease. Often the effect is neutral, simply adding to the overall size of the genome.

“Very rarely the effect might be advantageous, because the added DNA can itself be a source of new regulatory elements that enhance gene expression,” Salama noted. But the high probability of deleterious effects means natural selection favours the evolution of mechanisms to prevent jumping events.

tOKYO, September 29 (reUterS): At least 36 people are feared to have died after a Japanese volcano erupted without warning at the weekend, raining ash and stones on hikers, but the search for victims was abandoned on Monday because of fears of rising levels of toxic gases.

Rescuers at the peak of Mount Ontake, now an eerie moonscape under a thick layer of grey ash, on Monday found what may be five new victims of Saturday’s eruption at Japan’s second-highest active volcano.

The eruption of the 3,067-metre (10,062-feet) peak, 200 km (125 miles) west of Tokyo, took place as the popular hiking site was packed with climbers, including children, admiring autumn foliage under a brilliant blue sky.

Ten people have so far been confirmed dead in Japan’s first fatal volcanic eruption since 1991, and 63 have been injured, some with broken bones. Eight are missing, but officials said some of them could possibly be among those who perished.

“It’s my son, my second son. We’ve had absolutely no contact at all,” a grey-

haired man told Japanese television, adding that his 26-year-old son had gone to the mountain with his girlfriend. “We’re utterly exhausted.” More than 500 rescuers had been combing the summit, ploughing through knee-deep ash and passing mountain lodges with holes punched in their roofs by rocks shot out of the volcano.

Helicopters lifted laden stretchers one by one from the summit on Monday, before rescue efforts were abandoned. As on Sunday, the smell of sulphur strengthened at the peak, fanning fears of toxic fumes and forcing rescuers off the mountain.

Japan is one of the world’s most seismically active nations. In 1991, 43 people died in a pyroclastic flow, a superheated current of gas and rock, at Mount Unzen in the southwest.

Ontake, Japan’s secondhighest active volcano, last had a minor eruption seven years ago. Its last major eruption, the first on record, was in 1979.

Hikers said there was no warning of Saturday’s eruption just before noon and hundreds were trapped for hours before descent became possible

An aerial view shows rescue workers searching for missing people in the erupted Mount Ontake, central Japan, Monday, September 29. (AP Photo)

later in the day. “I felt a hot wind blast against my back and crouched down to the ground,” a man told NTV. “I was sure I was going to die.”

It was natural that Ja-

pan’s Meteorological Agency, which monitors volcanic activity, might reconsider its surveillance system, said Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga.

Historic & anxious handover as Afghanistan swears in new Prez

KAbUL, September 29 (reUterS): Afghanistan inaugurated its first new president in a decade on Monday, swearing in technocrat Ashraf Ghani to head a power-sharing government just as the withdrawal of most foreign troops presents a crucial test.

The first democratic handover of power in Afghanistan’s history has been far from smooth: the deal for a unity government was cobbled together after months of deadlock over a vote in which both Ghani and opponent Abdullah Abdullah claimed victory.

Illustrating the problems facing the new president, a blast on a road near Kabul airport just before Ghani was sworn in caused some casualties, a Reuters witness said. A member of the security forces said a suicide bomber attacked a checkpoint.

Already, there have been signs of tension in the fragile coalition that will run the country. A dispute over office space and whether Abdullah would speak at the inauguration led to threats his camp would boycott Monday’s ceremony, an Abdullah aide said.

Abdullah was present as the ceremony began Monday morning, standing beside Ghani. It was unclear if the original programme had been changed to allow him to make a speech.

The inauguration marks the end of an era with the departure of President Hamid Karzai, the only leader Afghans have known since a U.S.-led invasion in 2001 overthrew the Islamist Taliban that had given sanctuary to al Qaeda.

Already-tight security was stepped up around the capital, Kabul, ahead of the inauguration for fear Taliban insurgents might try to disrupt the ceremony or attack international dignitaries who flew in to attend.

Both foreign backers and Afghans hope that Ghani and Abdullah can put aside their acrimonious election rivalry and work to improve life in a country that has suffered war and poverty for decades.

“We expect both to fulfil the promises they made to the people,” said unemployed Kabul resident Mohammad Sharif.

“We, the people of Afghanistan, are monitoring their perfor-

months has been launching ever more aggressive attacks as foreign troops draw down.

Ghani must also reset relations with the United States, which have soured in recent years under Karzai. One of Ghani’s first acts as president is expected to be signing a bilateral security agreement to allow a small contingent of U.S. forces to remain to train and assist the new Afghan army and police.

Karzai has refused to sign it, but both Ghani and Abdullah are in favour of signing it promptly.

Afghanistan’s president Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai, left, is sworn in by with Chief Justice Abdul Salam Azimi, during his inauguration ceremony at the presidential palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, Monday Sept. 29, 2014. He replaces Hamid Karzai in the country’s first democratic transfer of power since the 2001 U.S.-led invasion toppled the Taliban. (AP Photo

mance to see whether they can resolved after late-night meetserve the people or not.” ings with the U.S. ambassador, The dispute over Abdullah’s the Abdullah aide said. speech and the office space was Even if its top figures can

work together, the new government inherits massive problems, including fighting an emboldened Taliban who in recent

GOVERNMENT BROKE The inauguration ceremony was held at the vast presidential palace compound in central Kabul. Foreign dignitaries including Pakistani President Mamnoon Hussain and senior White House adviser John Podesta were due to attend.

Another early act for Ghani is expected to be appointing Abdullah as chief executive of the new government, an expanded post with powers similar to those of a prime minister that was created to break the election deadlock.

The new government will immediately face a fiscal crisis.

Already heavily dependent on foreign aid, Kabul has asked the United States and other donors for $537 million to pay its bills until the end of the year.

A Finance Ministry official acknowledged over the weekend that the government is so broke that it has been forced to delay paying civil servants’ salaries for October because the treasury does not have the $116 million needed.

Some hope that Ghani, a longtime World Bank official and former finance minister, will put his knowledge of international institutions and development to work in combating Afghanistan’s tradition of corrupt and inefficient government.

A U.S.-trained anthropologist from Afghanistan’s Pashtun ethnic group, Ghani spent almost a quarter of a century outside Afghanistan during its tumultuous decades of 1980s Soviet occupation, followed by civil war and Taliban rule.

After the Sept. 11 attacks, he returned to become a senior adviser to newly appointed leader Karzai.

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Serena Williams avoids bagel, Ruthless Europe retain then cruises at China Open iron grip on Ryder Cup

bEiJiNG, SEptEmbEr 29 (Ap): Serena Williams narrowly avoided a bagel against Spanish qualifier Silvia Soler-Espinosa, then won 13 of the next 15 games to pull out a 7-5, 6-2 victory Monday in the first round of the China Open.

Williams looked lethargic and flat-footed at the start, pushing the ball back without much pace or direction and occasionally shanking groundstrokes several feet out. After only 15 minutes, she had already dropped serve three times and fallen behind 5-0.

Just as quickly as she gave up such a big lead, however, Williams turned it around. In the next game, the 18-time major winner saved a set point and broke Soler-Espinosa to finally get on the board.

"I didn't want to lose 6-love," Williams said. "I just started fighting. I was like, just let me at least try to break here."

Soler-Espinosa had another set point on Williams' serve in the following game, but the American saved it with a cross-court backhand winner at the net and cruised the rest of the way. Williams routinely doles out the bagels in matches, but she's rarely on the receiving end of one.

The last player to win a 6-0 set against her was another Spaniard, Anabel Medina Garrigues, in Madrid last year. Williams came back to win that match, too, 6-3, 0-6, 7-5.

After the match, Williams said she hadn't been sure she'd be healthy enough to play in Beijing after pulling out of a match against Alize Cornet with dizziness and nausea last week at the Wuhan Open.

"I just started hitting a couple days ago, taking it day by day. Finally I decided I'm here, I may as well see what happens," Williams said. "I'm feeling a lot better. I have more energy. I look back. Like my eyes aren't as dead as they were." It was the latest health issue to sidetrack Williams this year. She also pulled out of a Wimbledon doubles match after looking completely out of sorts

Serena Williams of the United States hits a forehand return to Silvia Soler-Espinosa of Spain during the first round of China Open tennis tournament at the National Tennis Stadium in Beijing, China, Monday, September 29. (AP Photo)

in her warm-up and hitting four straight double-faults in the match. She later blamed a viral illness.

On the men's side, U.S. Open champion Marin Cilic struggled with his consistency against Chinese wildcard entry Bai Yan, ranked 462nd in the world, but held on to win 6-3, 6-4.

Cilic said he's still getting used to the feeling of being a Grand Slam champion and dealing with all the pressure and attention that brings.

"Most of the guys at the top are dealing with that already for a few years. It's a bit new thing for me, so I'm learning day to day," he said. "Most important for myself is also not to put too many expectations on my own shoulders."

Other winners included ninth-seeded Ana Ivanovic, who took advantage of eight double-faults by Belinda Bencic to beat the rising Swiss teenager 6-2, 6-1, and U.S. Open semifinalist Peng Shuai of China,

who defeated Zhang Kailin 6-4, 6-1.

Fourteen-time major winner Rafael Nadal also returned to the court for the first time since injuring his wrist in July to play a doubles match. He and partner Pablo Andujar lost to Tomas Berdych and John Isner 7-5, 4-6, 10-4.

Nadal will play his opening singles match against Richard Gasquet, while top-seeded Novak Djokovic faces Guillermo Garcia-Lopez.

GLENEAGLES, SEptEmbEr 29 (rEutErS): Europe maintained their Ryder Cup stranglehold over the United States with a crushing five-point victory on Sunday as rookie Jamie Donaldson had the honour of securing the decisive point to make it eight wins in the last 10 matches.

Starting the day 10-6 up, Europe needed four points to retain the trophy they won after coming back from the same score two years ago and got there with plenty to spare, winning the singles battle 6-1/2 - 5-1/2 for an overall 16-1/2 - 11-1/2 victory.

The result was a ringing endorsement for the sensitive and thoughtful captaincy of Paul McGinley, who joins the Ryder Cup Hall of Fame having also sunk the putt that won the trophy in 2002.

"I did the easy bit, and I really mean that," said McGinley. "I know how difficult it is to play in a Ryder Cup. I know when your heart is jumping out of your chest how incredibly excited and nervous you are. But we relish this challenge. We did it with a smile on our face, which is so important, and we did everybody proud I think."

If it was all champagne and smiles for the hosts, the American team's week ended in somewhat, and unusually, acrimonious style when Phil Mickelson slammed the tactics of his captain Tom Watson, who he said had not engaged with his players and should have used the "pod" system that worked so well for their last victory in 2008.

No amount of engagement, planning or even podding could have stopped Rory McIlroy on Sunday as his superlative 5&4 demolition of Rickie Fowler set Europe on their way. Graeme McDowell, who fought back from three down at the turn, then beat Jordan Spieth to add a second point.

American rookie Patrick Reed completed a wonderful personal week-

Europe team captain Paul McGinley, center right, and his team hold the trophy after winning the 2014 Ryder Cup golf tournament at Gleneagles, Scotland, Sunday, September 28. (AP Photo)

end when he got his side’s first point, with Mickelson and Matt Kuchar also victorious, but there was no real sense of tension as Europe were well placed in so many other matches. Martin Kaymer, who sunk the putt to complete the Miracle of Medinah two years ago, chipped in for an eagle to beat Bubba Watson 4&2 and Justin Rose, Europe’s stand-out performer with four points from five matches, came back from four down to halve with Hunter Mahan.

Then began the biennial Ryder Cup game of trying to work out who would secure the decisive point, and it turned out to be the 38-year-old Welshman Donaldson. Four up with four to play he had already ensured Europe would at least half the match and retain the cup but he made sure he finished in style by hitting a stunning approach to within two feet on the 15th. Unsure whether to concede the putt, the match and the Ryder Cup, his opponent Keegan Bradley looked to Watson, who said: "Pick it

up. They've won."

Those simple words, delivered with the customary dignity of one of the most respected men in the game, sparked the usual pandemonium of celebration as the green disappeared beneath a mass of humanity. "It's unbelievable," said Donaldson, who won three points out of three over the weekend. "You can't put words to it. Just a perfect yardage and wedge shot of my life to close the game out."

WIDESPREAD CRITICISM Watson, who remains the last man to lead the U.S. to victory on foreign soil 21 years ago, was outthought by McGinley and was already coming in for widespread criticism for his tactics even before the final match ended.

"We made them think about us early on in the singles and then they turned it on," he said.

"They are stacked with great players, but we came in here thinking we could beat them. "The foursomes play is what separated the

Ronaldo, Lionel Messi take Frankfurt down Hamburg, Berlin aim at Raul's CL goal record lose to Augsburg in Bundesliga

bArCELONA, SEptEmbEr 29 (Ap): The Champions League returns Tuesday and Wednesday with Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi competing for yet another prize as the rival stars take aim at the tournament's all-time scoring record.

While the world's top two players continue their individual battle, three of England's four teams seek their first win, and the Spanish and Italian champions clash this week in Europe's top-tier competition. Here are the things to know about this week's Champions League group games:

RAUL'S RECORD Ronaldo and Messi are neck-and-neck in a race to become the Champions League's all-time leading scorer by breaking the record held by Raul Gonzalez. Ronaldo has 68 goals in Europe's top club competition, one more than Messi. Raul scored 71. Ronaldo may have a better chance of getting there first as Real Madrid plays at Bulgaria's Ludogorets in Group B on Wednesday, a day after Messi's Barcelona has a tougher trip to Paris Saint-Germain in Group F. The Portugal forward looks primed to increase his goal haul in Sofia after scoring 10 goals in his last six matches, including one four-goal performance and a hat trick. Messi, meanwhile, scored his 400th and 401st goals for club and country in Barcelona's 6-0 rout of Granada on Saturday. Their latest two-man contest comes after they have divvied up the Ballon d'Or for the world's best player for the past six years and have taken turns leading the Champions League in scoring for the past seven seasons.

IBRA DOUBTFUL PSG not only has the problem of stopping Messi. It may have to do so without striker Zlatan Ibrahimovic. When Ibrahimovic has been sidelined, the team has won only 40 percent of its matches. And coach Laurent Blanc is sweating on his fitness after Ibrahimovic missed the last two games because of a left heel injury. "I don't know which attacking players I will have available against Barcelona," Blanc said.

"We don't play the same way when Ibra's here and when he isn't. For the time being there is still a question mark. The medical staff will do everything to try and heal him."

open the Champions League with a win, and only with a last-gasp goal against newcomer Ludogorets. Basel will present a far tougher challenge on Wednesday with striker Daniel Sturridge out injured as Liverpool looks to keep pace with Madrid in Group B. Chelsea's reliance on Diego Costa for goals seemed clear when the striker sat out the 1-1 draw against Schalke in the Group G opener. And ongoing problems with Costa's left thigh are likely to force him to miss Tuesday's game at Sporting Lisbon.

"He's doing almost nothing (in training)," Chelsea manager Jose Mourinho said.

"He's just resting and recovering from the tight muscle he has. Every time he accumulates fatigue."

Mourinho, who worked at Sporting as assistant to Bobby Robson between 1992 and 1993, is out to end Sporting's 16-match unbeaten home run in Europe.

Manchester City faces a formidable test Tuesday with the visit of a Roma side which has made a perfect start to the season at home and in Europe. It's been a patchy beginning to the campaign for City, which opened Group E with a loss at Bayern Munich. In Group D, Arsenal hosts Galatasaray on Wednesday with both Mikel Arteta and Aaron Ramsey out injured.

RUNNER-UP AT RISK Atletico Madrid was minutes away from winning the European Cup last May before the title slipped away to Madrid.

Now after losing this season's opener, the Spanish league champions face a crucial game on Wednesday when Serie A champion Juventus comes to town. A loss to Juventus, combined with an Olympiakos win at Swedish side Malmo, would leave Atletico six points adrift in Group A. Atletico will be boosted by the return of coach Diego Simeone to the sidelines after he missed the first game due to suspension.

XABI TAKES CONTROL Bayern travels to CSKA Moscow on Tuesday in Group E with midfielder Xabi Alonso firmly in control of his new team. The Spaniard was only signed at the end of the transfer period after several players went down with long-term injuries. But Alonso stepped right in and has been impressive in directing Bayern's attack. On Saturday, Alonso set a Bundesliga record by touching the ball 206 ENGLISH NEED TO WIN Liverpool was the only English team to times in a 2-0 win at Cologne.

bErLiN, SEptEmbEr 29 (iANS): Frankfurt's Lucas Piazon secured his side a 2-1 win over struggling Hamburg while Augsburg's Paul Verhaegh converted a penalty to defeat Berlin, closing the sixth round of the German Bundesliga. After a record 507 goalless minutes in the entire season, Hamburg scored their first goal of the season Sunday, reports Xinhua.

However, their only goal of the season was not enough as Piazon's free-kick goal wrapped up a late 2-1 victory. Hamburg had more possession of the ball but failed to break the deadlock in the first half, instead Frank-

furt scored the opener against the run of the game at the 44th minute.

Frankfurt's Makoto Hasebe initiated a fast break via Timothy Chandler, who crossed from the right wing into the path of Haris Seferovic, who had no problems to slot home from seven metres. After the break, Hamburg started where they left off as they kept the pace to press the visitors into defence.

Nicolai Mueller rewarded Hamburg's effort when he equalised the scores in the 58th minute. Mueller made use of Lewis Holtby's square pass into the box to nutmeg Frankfurt's

goalkeeper Felix Wiedwald.

However, Frankfurt fought back and stunned Hamburg with the winner in the dying minutes. Substitute Piazon, who was fielded five minutes earlier, shocked the hosts with a free-kick goal from 30 metres over the wall into the top right corner. Elsewhere, Berlin suffered their third loss of the season whereas Augsburg earned their third win in six games.

Augsburg's Paul Verhaegh scored the only goal of the match following a controversial foul in the area, committed by goalkeeper Thomas Kraft, in the 27th minute.

'African' athletes in Asia a double-edged sword

iNCHEON, SEptEmbEr 29 (rEutErS): The growing number of African-born athletes competing under Asian flags could discourage the development of home-grown talent, the Olympic Council of Asia said on Monday, but also suggested their success may help raise regional standards.

Several oil-rich Gulf states including Bahrain, Qatar and United Arab Emirates have achieved overnight athletics success by recruiting fleet-footed young Africans, who are free to compete at international level after meeting eligibility and residency requirements.

Excluding two race walking events, five of the seven track gold medals won in the first two days of the athletics competition at the Asian Games have been won by runners born in Africa who have switched allegiance. Wei Jizhong, an honorary life vice president of the OCA, warned of the dangers of buying success. "We have to work to avoid any country or region, instead of training the

athletes, they buy the athletes," he said at a news conference on Monday. "If they buy the athletes, they stop training their own athletes. That is not beneficial to a country's sport."

In Incheon, the blue riband men's 100 metres sprint was won by Nigerian-born Femi Ogunode, who moved to Qatar in 2009 and was allowed to compete at the Guangzhou Asiad a year later, where he won the 200/400 double.

He became the first man to run under 10 seconds at the Asian Games on Sunday. Ogunode's former compatriot, Oluwakemi Mujidat Adekoya, only switched allegiance to Bahrain earlier this year and won the women's 400m, while athletes born in Kenya, Morocco and Ethiopia have also struck gold at the ongoing Asian Games.

At the Guangzhou Games four years ago, all six medallists from the men's 5,000 and 10,000m were born in Africa.

HIGHER STANDARDS However, OCA Director General Husain Al-Musallam,

speaking at the same news conference, said he was not concerned about the possibility that an influx of African talent could discourage young Asian athletes from taking up the sport. "No, we are not worried," the Kuwaiti said. "These athletes will raise the standard. They have met all the eligibility requirements and they are eligible to compete.

"They (Asian) athletes will work harder to achieve a higher standard." Al-Musallam also said that hundreds of applications from African-born athletes hoping to switch allegiance were being turned down by Gulf states.

Japan's Ayumi Hagiwara, who won bronze in the women's 10,000m, said the presence of African athletes was a doubleedged sword. "First of all, I did think that African athletes had more support than we did," she said after her race on Saturday, which was won by Ethiopiaborn Alia Saeed Mohammed, who now represents the UAE. "I also believe that African athletes will help us and inspire us to do better in future competitions."

two teams."

Europe's combined 7-1 victory in the two foursomes sessions, after losing both fourballs, indeed gave them the cushion they wanted. McIlroy stretched that from the start as with four birdies and an eagle he was five up after six holes and cruised home.

"I knew I needed to get off to a fast start and I knew what was expected of me as one of the leaders of the team," said McIlroy after a superlative display following two scratchy days of pairs play. There were further European points from Sergio Garcia, who beat Jim Furyk, and Ian Poulter and Victor Dubuisson, who halved their matches.

It was not all doom and gloom for the U.S. as Jimmy Walker completed a fine weekend for the rookies by beating stalwart Lee Westwood. However, when the dust has settled, Watson's team were well beaten, again, as the domination that brought the United States 12 wins and a draw in 13 Ryder Cups up to 1983 fades even deeper into the memory.

DABA YM open half marathon on October 1

DimApur, SEptEmbEr 29 (mExN): The Dimapur Ao Baptist Church (DABA) Youth Ministry is organizing an open half marathon race with the theme “All for the glory of God” on October 1. The organizers want to share the race experience with the entire Dimapur community during the run on Wednesday, October 1. The marathon is open to all the citizens of Dimapur with no age bar. The marathon will start at 5:00 am from City Tower proceeding towards Dhobinalla, DC Court Junction and back to City Tower as the finish point. The top three winners will be awarded gifts. For more details and participation contact Games Commissioner, Opong Jamir Longkumer @ 9856146391 and DABA YM Associate Youth Director Jongshimanen Jamir @ 9856890573. DABA YM Youth Director Imnatoshi Longkumer in a press release informed that this half marathon is organised in line with the DABA Youth Olympics 2014 scheduled on October 2 and 3 at DDSC Stadium.

Inter-District Football Championship 2014

DimApur, SEptEmbEr 29 (mExN): The Inter-District Football Championship 2014 (Dr. T. Ao Trophy) will be held from November 24 in Dimapur. The prize money is as follows: Champion - Rs. 3.00 Lakhs, Runners-up - Rs. 2.00 Lakhs, Losing team Semi-finalists - Rs. 0.50 lakhs each. For further information, contact the Secretary, Nagaland Football Association.

DDSC informs DimApur, SEptEmbEr 29 (mExN): The Dimapur District Sports Council (DDSC) has informed all sports organizations and association affiliated under DDSC to receive the Subroto Cup Under-14 Football team at Dimapur Railway Station on October 4 at 11:00pm with banners. It further requested the Greenwood Higher Secondary School to come with the band party to receive their players.

Tuesday

Entertainment

The Morung Express

29 September 2014

Dimapur

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am Writer launches laWsuit 'Igenuinely shocked over and disgusted'

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Robert Pattinson's new girlfriend FKA twigs finds herself target of racist abuse on Twitter

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Isabella Tanikumi has launched a lawsuit against Disney over the movie 'Frozen', claiming the plot is based on her memoirs.

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isney movie 'Frozen' is the target of a $250 million (£154 million) plagiarism lawsuit filed by Peruvian writer Isabella Tanikumi.

The writer alleges the film is closely based on her life, citing 18 specific instances in which the film has supposedly copied from her memoir. Entitled 'Living My Truth and Yearnings of the Heart', Tanikumi's memoirs detail her experi-

ences as a youngster living near the Andes.

The Guardian newspaper reports that the memoirs feature two sisters who become closer in light of an earthquake, which causes the death of a loved one, in addition to suitors whose names Hans and Cristoff. What's more, the memoir tells the story of one sister injuring the other and subsequently going into hiding due to her own

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shame..

This is not The book the first time Tanikumi that author c Is 'Frozen' has its Frozen claims Disne abella y stole h a racter been the s. subject of such claims.

It has previously been alleged that the hit movie is box office, making it the based on - and not just in- highest-grossing animated spired by - Hans Christian movie of all time. MeanAndersen's fairytale 'The while, a short follow-up to Snow Queen'. the original flick - which The film, which was starred Kristen Bell and released last year, earned Idina Menzel - will be remore than $1 billion at the leased in 2015.

he has been thrust into the spotlight thanks to her rumoured relationship with A-list actor and Twilight heartthrob Robert Pattinson. But since FKA twigs - real name Tahliah Debrett Barnett - went public holding hands with the actor last week, the singer has found herself to be the target of racist abuse on Twitter.

The 26-year-old singer tweeted on Sunday: 'I am genuinely shocked and disgusted at the amount of racism that has been infecting my account the past week.' This was followed by: 'Racism is unacceptable in the real world and it's unacceptable online.'

Tahliah has a father who

is Jamaican and a mother who is of both English and Spanish descent.

Numerous Twitter users have spewed hateful comments, as captured by Jezebel. One user, @hxzscurls, wrote: 'you’re like a monkey, really i can’t believe that rob kissed you.' Another user, @ Angeelicacsp, wrote: ‘I can’t believe I have changed robert Goddess Kristen for this monkey.’

The British singer is no stranger to racist comments, having experienced it in her childhood while attending a Catholic school as the only mixed-race girl.

‘People said horrible things about something I had no control of, which was tough. But that’s okay. Life

isn’t supposed to be easy, is it?’ she told British magazine Dazed & Confused.

‘I never really saw anything wrong with how I looked, it was more that certain people pointed things out to you about yourself. ‘Either your hair’s different, or the colour of your skin, or your features.

Half of my life I’ve had people staring at me because they think I’m funny-looking and ugly.’

However, twigs manages to put things in perspective. ‘The other half of my life I’ve had people staring at me because they think I’m fascinating,’ she said.

‘Everything neutralises. It’s more of a statement on society and how weird it is.’

Meanwhile, she certainly seems to be enjoying her new romance. On Monday, twigs and Robert, 28, were spotted on a romantic drive through Hollywood, as they cosied up to one another.

And the outing came just after they were pictured holding hands at Venice Beach, Los Angeles the day before, on Sunday.

Meanwhile, twigs can celebrate her musical success, as she is up for three gongs at the MOBO Awards – honouring music in genres ranging from gospel to jazz, RnB, soul, reggae, and hip hop. She’s been nominated for Best Newcomer, Best Female Act alongside the likes of Jessie J and Rita Ora, and Best Video.

CAROL MARAj

Nicki Minaj, Mother

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'nicki's abusive father made her determined to be a strong woman' S

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he is one of the fiercest rappers around but Nicki Minaj's strong public persona hides personal heartbreak.

The 31-year-old rapper's mother Carol has claimed Nicki's father Robert was a cocaine and alcohol addict who used to beat his children, including Nicki, and said Minaj used her tough upbringing to become the superstar she is today.

In an interview with The Sun on Sunday, Carol alleged: 'My husband used to get high on cocaine and alcohol and would come home and terrorise the whole family.' She added that he hit both her and the children, telling about one night she tried to escape but he caught her and 'punched me in the face'. Carol added: 'He would hit the children too.'

The 54-year-old revealed Nicki would often spend nights crying in her room because of how her father treated Carol and Nicki's brothers Micaiah and Jelani. And she claimed that Robert once burned down the New York house where Nicki grew up because he was in a rage but detailed how the children escaped because they had been staying with a neighbour.

Nicki has previously

spoken out about her father's alleged abuse with Now magazine reporting earlier this month that she said of her childhood, 'A lot of arguing, lots of screaming – there were holes punched into the walls in anger and cops being called to the house all the time.

'I was afraid, very afraid that something would happen to my mother.' She added: 'My mother left him many different time and came back. One time he pulled my mother out of a car and dragged her two blocks.'

Minaj grew up in Trinidad and Tobago where she lived with her grandparents and moved to New York when she was five.

She previously told Rolling Stone: 'When I first came to America, I would go in my room and and kneel down at the foot of my bed and pray that god would make me rich so that I could take care of my mother.'

And while her dad would prefer she not speak out about his violent past, Nicki said: 'It's the price you pay when you abuse drugs and alcohol. 'Maybe one day your daughter will be famous and talk to every magazine about it, so think about that, dads out there who want to be crazy.'

CODE NO. 1 (Funk Fuzz) MOKOKCHUNG

CODE NO. 10 (The Duskfall) DIMAPUR

CODE NO. 11 (Infinity On High) DIMAPUR

Eleven bands to compete in second elimination round CODE NO. 3 (The Magic Bean) KOHIMA

CODE NO. 7 (Kenny & Faith Band) KOHIMA

CODE NO. 5 (D-Foe) KOHIMA

CODE NO. 8 (Papersky) DIMAPUR

CODE NO. 9 (Lines of Note) DIMAPUR

CODE NO. 6 (Stereotype) KOHIMA

CODE NO. 4 (Legal Language) KOHIMA

CODE NO. 2 (Third Reich) MOKOKCHUNG

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he Battle of the Bands rock contest, which kickstarted from September 23 with the first league of the screening round held at Mokokchung, Kohima and Dimapur culminated with selection of eleven bands. They will slug it out at the second elimination round scheduled on October 14, 2014 at ‘The Garden’, Naga Shopping Arcade, Dimapur.

Each band performing in the October 14 event will have to impress the judging panel as well as the fans for entry to the final round. Fan-votes plus the judges’ votes (50/50) will decide the bands place in the competition.

The Fans can vote for their favorite bands with their respective codes, which will make sure that their favorite Bands go through the final round.

The Tickets will be made available only from these particular outlets.

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KOHIMA • DUDA Guest House, I.G. Stadium Road (9436276573) • KOHIMA INSTITUTE OF MUSIC, Upper Chandmari (9436400008) DIMAPUR • Encore, Church Road (9436431564) • Hillspraise Music Academy, Eros Lane (9612612084/9612170131) MOKOKCHUNG • M/S FOOTWEAR, Near Supong Shopping Mall(8413861802) For further details Fans can log on to www.facebook. com/hillspraisemusicsociety The codes of the 11 selected bands are as follows: • FUNK FUZZ (MOKOKCHUNG) Code 1 • THIRD REICH (MOKOKCHUNG) Code 2 • THE MAGIC BEAN (KOHIMA) Code 3 • LEGAL LANGUAGE (KOHIMA) Code 4 • D-FOE (KOHIMA) Code 5 • STEREOTYPE (KOHIMA) Code 6 • KENNY & THE FAITH BAND (KOHIMA) Code 7 • PAPERSKY (DIMAPUR) Code 8 • LINES OF NOTE (DIMAPUR) Code 9 • THE DUSKFALL (DIMAPUR) Code 10 • INFINITY ON HIGH (DIMAPUR) Code 11

'I wouldn't say marriage is just a title': Brad PItt

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e finally tied the knot with his long-term partner Angelina Jolie at the end of August and Brad Pitt appears to be loving his new role as husband. In an interview with British GQ magazine, the 50-yearold talked about the institution of marriage, saying: 'I wouldn't say [marriage is] just a title. There's more to it than that.' He also addressed the subject of his good friend George Clooney, 53 who married lawyer Amal Alamuddin, 36, in Venice on Saturday.

The actor called Brad 'unreachable' recently, but Pitt appears to be taking the comment in his stride. He told the maga-

zine: 'Well, you know, George is extremely accessible. He’s one of our best representatives. He’s funny as sh**. He’s a joy to be around.

I guess maybe I’m more of a miserable b***ard. [laughs]. 'I’m a bit of a loner you know? I’m more quiet by nature. And coming from, you know, hillbilly country, I’m probably more reserved.'

The actor also touched upon his career and said that he's learned tone choosy about his upcoming roles.

'I'm actually very snobbish about directors,' he said. 'I have to say no all the time. No is the most powerful word in our business.

You've got to protect yourself. To

leave home, it's got to be worth leaving. It's got to be worth it.'

Brad said his treasures his time as a family man above all else, saying: ‘I’ve been slowing down for a while now. And slowly transitioning to other things. And, truthfully, I do want to spend more time with my kids before they’re grown up and gone.' But the laid-back heart throb answered rather cryptically when asked if he is happy, only saying: 'I’ve always believed happiness is overrated, you know?

'It’s those difficult times that inform the next wonderful time, and it’s a series of trade-offs, of events, of wins and losses.'

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Sania-Saketh, Seema Punia clinch gold InDIA mAIntAIn 9th PlAce INchEoN, SEPTEMBER 29 (PTI): Tennis star Sania Mirza teamed up with Saketh Myneni to clinch the gold in mixed double while Seema Punia also brought glory with her gold-winning act as India maintained the ninth position in the overall standings on the 10th day of competitions in the 17th Asian Games in Incheon on Monday. Wrestler Bajrang and the men’s tennis combination of Sanam Singh and Myneni picked up silver medals on yet another productive day for the Indian contingent.

Athletes O P Jaisha (women’s 1500m) and Naveen Kumar (men’s 3000m steeplechase) and wrestler Narsingh Pancham Yadav (74kg) also contributed to the medal collection by picking up bronze medals. The 27-year-old Sania stole the limelight as she paired up with unheralded Myneni to carve out an easy victory in the final against the Chinese Taipei pair of Hao Ching Chan and Hsien Yin Peng as the Indians ended their tennis campaign with an impressive haul of five medals.

On the track and field, it was Seema’s day as she clinched the coveted gold medal, making amends for her non-participation in the last two Games in Guangzhou and Doha.

Bajrang (61kg) was also a star performer as he scripted remarkable come-from-behind victories to reach the final where he ultimately succumbed to Massoud Mahmoud of Iran in a closely-contested bout.

The wrestlers continued to provide the much-needed boost to India’s medal collection as Narsingh Yadav also claimed a bronze in the men’s 74kg freestyle event.

With the addition of seven medals on Monday, India maintained their ninth position with a total of haul of 42 -- six gold, seven silver and 29 bronze.

China maintained their supremacy with a tally of 238 (112—72—54) followed by hosts South Korea 146 and Japan 132. However, there was disappointment for the women’s hockey team which lost the semifinal match against South Korea 1-3 and will now take on Japan for the bronze medal play-off.

The boxing ring also did not bring much cheers for the Indians with former World Championship bronze—medallist Vikas Krishan (75kg) being the only one to advance to quarterfinals.

Gaurav Bhiduri (52kg), Mandeep Jangra (69kg) and Kuldeep Singh (81kg) bowed out after losing their respective quarterfinal bouts.

Sania and Saketh Myneni combined well to clinch gold medal in the mixed doubles event. The second seeds overwhelmed the top-seeded Chinese Taipei pair of Hao Ching Chan and Hsien Yin Peng 6—4 6—3 in the summit clash in only 69 minutes. At the Incheon Asiad Main Stadium, Seema ran away with the gold with a best throw of 61.03m in the women’s discus throw final while team-mate Krishna Poonia finished fourth with a below par 55.57m.

Prior to Seema’s golden throw, women’s metric miler O P Jaisha and men’s 3000m steeplechaser Naveen Kumar picked up a bronze each to boost the country’s medal tally from athletics to eight from three days. Bajrang and Narsingh capped off India’s freestyle

wrestling competition on a high with the country earning five medals from the mat.

Bajrang lost 1—3 to Massoud Mahmoud in the finals, while Narsingh got the better of Daisuke Shimada of Japan 3—1 in the men’s 74kg division to finish third on the podium. Pawan Kumar went down fighting in his repechage bout in 86kg division to crash out of the event. The tennis players were the first to clinch a silver today after Sanam and Saketh lost a hard—fought final in straight sets to Korea’s Yongkyu Lim and Hyeon Chung.

The fifth seeded Indians lost the summit clash 5—7 6—7 (2) in an hour and 29 minutes to the eighth seeded local favourites.

India’s kabaddi players also continued their fine form.

The six—time champions notched up their second successive win after thrashing Thailand 66—27 in a Group A preliminary—round match. The Indian men’s team, which has won all five World Cups played till now, dished out another dominating show to teach the Thai players a lesson or two in Kabaddi as they surged 29—15 ahead at the break and wrapped up the match after pocketing the second half 37—12.

The Indian women’s team, which also started their campaign on a winning note beating Bangladesh yesterday, will play against Korea on Tuesday in their second and final Pool A tie.

The Indian table tennis players had a bitter-sweet day as the mixed doubles team of Achanta Sharath Kamal and Poulomi Ghatak crashed out while the women’s doubles team got the better of arch—rivals Pakistan in a round—of—32 match.

After a disappointing few days for Indian basketball, the women cagers finally had reason to smile after they beat Mongolia to set up a fifth-place play-off against Kazakhstan.

Playing for pride at the Hwaseong Sports Complex Gymnasium, the women’s team outplayed its Mongolian counterpart 68—50 after taking a lead from the first quarter itself.

However, there were mixed results in sepaktakraw. While Indian men’s team registered a comprehensive straight—game win over Brunei and Nepal, their women counterparts sunk against Indonesia in preliminary round matches.

The Indian team took just 38 minutes to see off the challenge from Brunei 21—12 21—15 in men’s regu preliminary group B match early in the day before getting a 2—0 result in their favour after Nepal did not start the match, here at Bucheon Gymnasium.

However, the women’s team went down in a little over half an hour as their fight was crushed 12—21 13—21 by Indonesian eves in a Women’s Regu preliminary Group A match.

India’s male spikers lost their second consecutive group E play—off encounter as they went down to Qatar in straight games in the volleyball event at the Asian Games here today.

Qatar won by an identical margin of 25—20 25—20 25—20 in a match that lasted an hour and 10 minutes and also officially ended India’s chances of making it to the knock—out rounds.

India have already lost to South Korea in an earlier encounter.

There was disappointment in canoeing and kayaking final.

Gaurav Tomar, who had topped the semifinal yesterday, found the going tough at the Hanam Misari Center as he took 4:17:389 minutes to cover 1000m in the Canoe Men’s Single (C1) Final A to finish at the seventh spot.

Albert Raj Selvaraj also had a disappointing outing in the Kayak men’s Single K1 Final A as he finished at eighth spot after clocking 3:59.933 to cover a distance of 1000m.

Ajit Kumar Sha and Raju Rawat clocked 4:00.800 to finish fifth in Canoe Double (C2) 1000m Men Final A, while the quartet of Ragina Kiro, Biju Anusha, Soniya Devi and Nanao Devi Ahongshangbam could manage a timing of 1:52.022 to sign off at the seventh spot in Kayak Four (K4) 500m Women Final A. Men’s quartet of Ajit Singh, Sunny Kumar, Ramesh Golli, Chingching Singh Arambam also were lacklustre in their performance as they ended in the eighth spot, ahead of only bottom—placed Singapore, after clocking 3:15.291 in Kayak Four (K4) 1000m Men Final A. In Kayak Double (K2) 500m Women Final A, Ragina Kiro and Nanao Devi clocked 1:55.351 to languish at the bottom, while Jamesboy Singh Oinam too finished last after producing a timing of 43.981 in Canoe Single (C1) 200m Men Final A.

India's Seema Punia's competes in women's discus throw final at the 17th Asian Games in Incheon, South Korea, Monday, September 29. (AP Photo)

Thailand's Santi Bunchoet, in red jersey, is caught by India team, in blue jersey, during the men's team kabbadi preliminary match at the 17th Asian Games in Incheon, Korea, Monday, September 29. India won 66-27. (AP Photo)

DDVA to organize veteran football tourney

DIMAPUR, SEPTEMBER 29 (MExN): The Dimapur District Veteran Football Association (DDVFA) held its meeting on September 27 at DDSC ground and decided to organize a Veteran Football Tournament in the month of November, 2014. In its meeting it was also resolved to invite neighbouring veteran Football teams from, Diphu, Golaghat , Jorhat .The DDVFA, in a press note, also informed its members to attend regular practice starting from October 3, at 5.30 am at DDSC ground.

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For more information & Test Drive kindly contact:6th Mile, NH-39, Kohima Road, Dimapur, Nagaland Ph.No.03862-240994, 9612951281

Terms and conditions apply, which are subject to changes without any prior notice. All offers from Chevrolet dealers. *Total benefits mentioned may vary for each carline variant and include consumer offer, exchange bonus, loyalty bonus & corporate discount. Accessories, colours and fitments shown may not be part of standard specification. ^Mileage as certified by certification agency(s) as per statutory conditions under Rule 115 of CMVR. #Chevrolet Promise - Assured low cost of maintenance and repairs for 3 years/45,000 kms, whichever is earlier. For full terms and conditions, contact your nearest dealership or visit website www. chevrolet.co.in<http://www.chevrolet.co.in>. All offers valid till stock last.

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