The roaring twenties

The roaring twenties shaped a whole new idea for the United States! With prohibition, sports, new celebrities and advertising, etc. The Roaring Twenties shaped America and changed our culture completely!

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Impact of Sports Impact of Film Impact of Celebrities Urban vs. Rural Impact of music Racial Tensions Isolationism 19th Amendment Scopes Trial 18th Amendment Post War Disarmament Post War Isolationism Henry Ford Forms of Transportation Credit/buying

16. Advertising 17. Economic Boom 18. Consumerism 19. Post war Unemployment 20. Dating Patterns 21. Bibliography

Sports in the 1920’s

On January 5, 1920 arguable the greatest baseball player to ever live was announced sold by the Boston Red Sox and bought by the New York Yankees for $125,000! Before Babe Ruth was released by the Red Sox Babe Ruth broke the record for the most home runs in one season, hitting 29 and later with the Yankees he broke it again hitting 54 homeruns.

Nobody came close to breaking the record for 50 years until a man named Roger Maris hit his 55th homerun in a half filled Yankees Stadium

In 1921 Johnny Wilson Won the Middle Weight Championship because of a controversial decision made by the referee.

Boxer Jack Dempsey, U.S. Heavy Weight champion beat challenger George Carpenter of France by knocking him out in the fourth round of the match.

Another great accomplishment of athletes during the 1920’s was White Sox pitcher Charles Robertson who pitched the first no hitter against the Detroit Tigers.

Overall sports in the 1920’s made a huge impact on society and Even middle class American’s because sports were now not only a rich man’s sport but commonly referred to as a poor mans game.

Adam Rose: Period 4

CELEBRITIES ď ś In the 1920’s movie stars became as popular as sports players.

Many actors seemed perfect to the watchers eye which made actors and actresses even more amazing. Actors and actresses started new trends and the American people followed them constantly. Hollywood helped reinforce racial stereotypes.

Most united states film production at the start of the years after WWI made new technology, which made it possible for millions of people to improve their life's.

More movies created role models for americium's. As more movies were being made with popular actors it eventually led to rich and poor Americans to see the same movies together.

Urban vs. Rural This population shift represented more than a demographic change. Economic, social, and political changes accompanied Americans' migration to cities. As urban areas grew and promoted their interests in the political arena, rural Americans, who had long considered themselves the custodians of traditional values, arose to defend their way of life against the perceived urban onslaught. Many of the political conflicts of the 1920s—over Prohibition, immigration restriction, the Ku Klux Klan, and agricultural subsidies—were framed by a rural/urban tension. For rural Americans the city symbolized all that threatened rural cultural hegemony.

Before WWI, Rural America was all about agriculture. Everyone had the same beliefs. They had farms and more natural land. After WWI, the erosion of soil caused dust storms and dry land made work hard for farmers and workers. Brokers would jump out of windows and commit suicide from lack of money.

A Cigar company had gone from $113.50 to $4.00.Unemployment had gone from 1.5 million, to 4 million in just one year.

Urban America’s population began to grow larger than rural after WWI because of jobs and money. Herbert Hoover, the head of the Food Administration Act, had prevented poverty in America. Also head of Reconstruction Financial Corporation Act. They were against prohibition.

Lived in larger cities with more technology. They were also against Immigration. This caused Urban America to create the KKK (Ku Klux Klan).

Urban America began the Jazz Age in America. The older generation, also Rural America didn’t like Jazz music. Women became flappers. They had short cut hair, and wore comfortable dresses.

Prohibition led to gang violence with well known, Al Capone (Scar Face) and bootleggers. The Volstead Act also increased gang rates, and worse conditions in America.

By: Caleb Jackson

Impact of Music In the 1920 they started to see the emergence of a new form of music - jazz- in the main stream America.

The jazz age was a culture movement that took place in America. The southern blacks in the nineteenth centenary. They fused African Americans traditions with the white society. They also called it ragtime music. People came night and night to see the same perform every night.

It was time for a cultural celebration. African Americans had endured centuries of slavery and the struggle for abolition. It helps Africa Americans. During the Harlem renaissance the great migration which is hundreds of thousands of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North.

KKK Rebirth A group against African-Americans Marcus called the KKK, previously who had Garvey been largely eliminated by President Grant, had been revived by a former Methodist preacher named Colonel William J. Simmons. Except this time, the KKK would target Catholics, Jews, immigrants, and other minorities rather than just targeting AfricanAfrican American Rights Americans. They would attack these groups of people at night, beating, whipping, and even killing Racial tensions continued in the 1920s as African Americans began many of them. to proclaim their rights. Organized in 1916, Marcus Garvey’s Universal Negro Improvement Association got four million members by the start of the decade. Garvey’s organization wanted to teach selfrespect among people of African past by establishing black-owned businesses. It was an organization KKK member to help African Americans finally get their rights!

Isolationism After World War I, the U.S attempted to become less involved in world affairs. We refused to join the League of Nations because we thought it would lead to another war.

After learning the cost of the destruction of World War I, America didn’t want to be entangled in another European conflict. This led to another devastating war in 20 years.

immigrants allowed to immigrate to the U.S. 3 years after, since we didn’t like the Germans and the Europeans, the Quota Act of 1924 reduced it to only 2%.

This was described as discrimination toward the Germans and the Europeans.

The number was now only 150,000 allowed to immigrate to the U.S.

The U.S also closed doors to immigration during the 1920s. Early on, we excluded Chinese, Japanese, and other Asians. We even excluded Europeans from the Eastern and Southern hemisphere.

Before and after World War I, America had developed an anti-German and antiEuropean feeling. The Zimmerman note, the sinking of the Lusitania, and the attacking from German U-boats began the anti-German feeling in the U.S. World War I sparked the anti-European feeling in the U.S. The Quota Act of 1921 limited immigration from each country to 3% of the total number who had immigrated to the U.S in 1910. The yearly total was now only 350,000

By: Caleb Jackson

The 19th Amendment

In 1920 the 19th Amendment was passed. The amendment was first brought to congress in 1878 and wasn’t passed until June 4, 1919. Even though the amendment was passed they still didn’t get to vote because the states did not ratify it until August 18, 1920. It took women decades of protesting and picketing in front of the White to get the amendment passed.

Many of the women who were originally fighting for the right to vote died before they were able to see the amendment passed.

The 19th amendment made a huge impact on America during the 1920s because all of the issues about women passed up in congress were now being thought about and considered.

Women also made a big impact on elections because a lot of women had different political views than men.

Adam Rose: Period 4

Scopes  The Scopes trial may have been the biggest mistake in Tennessee history. Branding the state for generations as bible thumping backwater education haters.  Scopes taught at the Dayton, Tennessee public high school. The town of Dayton had a population of 1800 people. Dayton was a farming and agriculture based town.

 In the spring of 1925 Tennessee passed the Butler Act, the strongest bill to that point. This law made it illegal "to teach any theory that denies the Story of Divine Creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower order of animal.".

Trial The scopes trial was deliberately staged to bring attention to Dayton whose population had dropped from 3000 20 years earlier to just 1800. Scopes was unsure whether he had ever actually taught evolution, but he purposely incriminated himself so that the case could have a defendant. Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, but the verdict was overturned on a technicality.

The trial served its purpose of drawing intense national publicity.

JOHN T. SCOPES

Khalloe Jordan

Dry The wets disagree with the 18 amendments they still want to use and use Intoxication liquors. All the club and bar got closed down and lose lots of money and affected the economic. I October the 1919, congress push the Volstead act to enforce the 18 amendment. After they more bar they made more but hey was low key they was called speakeasies.

They made about twice the amount of bar. They also had bootlegging they are people who production, transit, and, sale ,illegal alcohol was multibillion

Wets The 18 amendment is a law passed that stops all transportation, manufacture, and sale of alcohol.

You can’t commune any intoxication liquor.

The 18 amendment was Dries agree with the 18 ratified on January amendment to stop all transportation, use and sale of 16, 1919. In 200 any intoxication liquors. They year the 18 ament is the only one to pointed to evidence that get replace. The evidence that alcohol cause crime, violence, and breaks up 21 amendment was put in the family. They say that that 1933. people stop drinking alcohol would have us have a healthier happier society. Most people who support it was in rural areas. Their annual average is 2.9 gal per capital before the war to less than one than 1 gallon by the 1993s.

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Article 2: Post-War Disarmament After World War 1, Wilson shared his fourteen points which he believed that if people followed them, they could eliminate war and conflict all together. One of these points was disarmament. It was one of the primary goals of the League of Nations, although the League proved unsuccessful.

Disarmament was discussed during the Washington Naval Conference, where the Five-Power Naval Treaty was signed. It placed limitations on the numbers and sizes of major warships and calling for a 10 year hiatus on construction of capitol ships.

Disarmament failed primarily due to the League of Nations. First, disarmament failed to halt military buildup by Germany, Italy, and Japan during the 1930’s. When the League ordered disarmament, the three countries simply withdrew from the League of Nations. The League was silent during major events leading up to World War 2, such as Hitler’s rise to power. Also, the League themselves rearmed. The final act that led to the downfall of disarmament was that the League expelled the Soviet Union in December 1939 after it invaded Finland, which ended all disarmament attempts.

After world was 1 the goal for the united states was to avoid political ties to other country’s. And to avoid any further wars.

After losing more then 50,000 young troops in the war the war it was viewed to be unessacary so the united states began to view neutrality as the best policy. The united states showed many signs that it was isolating itself from the world or especially Europe.

America also isolated itself to introduce new immigration laws. These laws stopped the American nation from being diluted by other nations. The Americans wanted to keep their country as a protestant white nation.

After World War, Great Britain and France owed the United States about $11 million in lending money. Then a banker named Charles Dawes came up with a solution to this big debt crisis in Germany. This solution became know as the Post War Dawes Plan.

Charles Dawes

This solution stated that for European countries to get out of debts, American banks need to loan the money to Germany, who would pay repairs to France and Great Britain, then they would pay back the lending money to the United States.

This solution by Charles Dawes made it so that Europe would get out of high debt, because The U.S. needed their business so America could flourish. The U.S. was getting all their money from European countries, if all these countries went into debt, then America would have no business outside of the country, and they would get into debt eventually. This made a circular plan where everyone benefit.

Henry Ford By: Conor Zielinski Henry Ford became an icon of a self-made man. He designed the Model T for all Americans, he installed a mechanized assembly line to make production cheaper and faster, and had a 5 dollar per day pay rate for his workers.

Henry Ford was awarded 161 patents. Henry Ford also implemented a franchise system that put a dealership in every city in North America, and in major cities on six continents.

Forms of Transportation in the 1920s Prior to the 1920’s, only very wealthy people could afford to travel the world. With increases in wages by entrepreneurial employers like Henry Ford, Americans first had the time and the money to travel. Mass production of automobiles was made affordable, not just for the rich. By 1921, the number of automobiles passed the ten million mark, thus pressed President Warren G. Harding to spend seventy-five million dollars to improve roads. Americans loved the lowcost, high freedom way of travel.

Trains and ships were the dominant mass transportation methods, providing comfortable and reliable transport to millions of American vacationers. Trains had opened up the continent and ships, the world. Other methods o transports captured the imagination of the public and reduced travel times. Cruise ships became increasingly popular, and people usually took winter cruises to warmer climates. The resulting tan of the tourists became a status symbol. Ships were still the best way to travel internationally. They were used for immigration, oversea business meetings, leisure trips, entertainment, and much more.

Air travel was still new but it captured American’s imagination during the 1920’s. They were first used for communications and commerce as well as in the World War 1. During the end of the decade, however, planes became larger, and capable to carry passengers.

The first commercial air passenger was created by Germany: Graf Zeppelin. It completed the first round-the-world flight in 1929. They became unpopular due to the destruction of the Hindenburg in 1932.

Consumers Credit in the 1920s In the 1920s many new items became available to the middle class American’s. Some of those new technologies were radio, vacuums, phonographs, and washing machines were just some of the few items available at the time. Near the end of the decade American’s bought 75-90% of items with credit, anywhere from furniture to cars.

Americans also used to credit to buy things like clothing and food.

In the 1920s Americans didn’t have shopping malls they all shopped in large department stores so that bought everything at once in one store.

Consumer credit made a huge impact on the 1920s because many people would use credit to buy everything and then when they received the bills for everything they bought they were unable to afford the bills. Since they were unable to afford the bills they would take out a loan from the bank and they were unable to pay back the loans. Since many Americans were unable to pay back their debts they went bankrupt.

Consumer credit was one of the main causes of the Great Depression because it caused many Americans to go bankrupt.

Adam Rose: Period 4

Advertising changed the whole culture of America.

Because of new advertising on radios, billboards, and magazines, many people were now following the same culture, and doing the same things.

People from coast to coast bought the same goods, listened to the same music, did the same dances and even used the same slang! Many Americans were uncomfortable with this new, young upbeat culture. Many older Americans even were against this new culture, and wanted America to go back to how it was before the war.

Advertising changed the whole idea of culture in America. Because people read, heard, and watched the same ads, many of them would do whatever the ads said. This made a lot of people do the same stuff, thus making on culture throughout The United States.

Economic Boom

eventually led into metal airplanes.

Soon in the 1920s, America created new inventions and technology.

One new invention was the automobile and road transportation. Henry Ford and the Ford Motor company produced new and better models every year to supply for America.

Road Funding also began in 1906 where the government funded 96% of roads to be created. Wooden roads were created, stop lights to control traffic and direct drivers in their automobiles, lanes on roads, and also signs.

Another Economic boom was the architecture. Houses were made livable with low prices that made them affordable. The style of housing began to change almost as similar as we have today. Before electric fans and air-conditioners became normal, a sleeping porch was the best sleeping environment in both summer and winter.

The first flying system was created during the 1920s economic boom. Early during the invention, airplanes were normally made of wood and canvas. Over a decade, it

By: Caleb Jackson

Consumerism stated after world war 1 since the united states spent less money during the war.

The united states were found as a creditor nation. Since a lot of people made lots of money the united states were able to enjoy their economic gains.

Since the only things being made were for the war so it left a burning hole in the united states money pocket.

Post war uneployment Many Americans feared that the end of World War II and the subsequent drop in military spending might bring back the hard times of the Great Depression. But instanced it put consumes demands fueled exceptionally strong economic growth.

The automobile industry successfully converted back to producing cars, and new industries such as aviation and electronics grew by leaps and bounds. Housing boom, stimulated in part by easily affordable mortgages for returning members of the military, added to the expansion.

The nation's gross national product rose from about $200,000 million in 1940 to $300,000 million in 1950 and to more than $500,000 million in 1960.

Dating Patterns, old vs. new Dating patterns changed due to many things during the 1920s. The war in Europe left men with more freedom.

They could finally leave home, do something adventurous overseas! That with the way foreign girls acted to them helped contribute to a change in dating patterns and the rise of a teenager.

Another change of traditional dating patterns was the automobile. Cars were being mass produced and were easy to afford. Thus another dating pattern was broken. Boys and girls, instead of spending an evening date at home with the girl’s parents, could now go out on a date. The automobile left teenagers with more freedoms and responsibilities.

Religion seemed to be losing ground.

Traditional dating patterns were being broken left and right. People started to discuss sex openly in public. Parents warned that teenage children were becoming increasingly restless and difficult to control. Parents blamed the auto industry. People wondered in radio and television was eroding family ties.

All these changes frightened people.

Women didn’t want to settle down in a family. They wanted fun, as did men.

This led to people getting married at a later age instead of getting married during their late teens and early twenties.

People also outlawed child labor, making more children go to school, which led to teenagers.

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Bibliography A Culture History of the United States: Throughout the Decades of the 1920s. http://jrscience.wcp.muohio.edu/reflections/FinalArticles/Dating MatingandRelating.D.html https://www.boundless.com/u-s-history/from-isolation-to-worldwar-ii-1930-1943/non-interventionism/attempts-at-disarmament/ http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/disarmamentconference.html http://www.1920-30.com/travel/ http://ncpedia.org/transportation/overview-1920s http://history1900s.about.com/od/1920s/p/ http: //www.dhahranbritish.com/history/A9_HenryFord.htmhenryford.htm http://voices.yahoo.com/celebrities-1920s-7162732.html http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/scopes/scopes.htm http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/08/2/l_082_01.html http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug97/inherit/1925home.html http://www.defense.gov/home/features/2013/0713_integration/