Time Magazine The Decade of Change: The 1920s
Including: Entertainment, Sports, Government, Society, World, Economy, and a feature article on Prohibition and Crime!
Staff: Editors: Jack Wenzel, Lukas Anson Graphic Designer: Noah Terwileger Advertisements: Tyler White, Shane Snapp Layout: Marsean Rhodes
Table of Contents Letter from the Editor……………………………………………..pg 3 Advertisement……………………………………………………..pg 4 Letters to the Editor……………………………………………….pgs 5-7 Briefing……………………………………………………………..pg 7 Advertisement……………………………………………………..pg 8 Politics……………………………………………………………...pg 10 World……………………………………………………………….pg 11 Advertisement……………………………………………………..pg 12 Society……………………………………………………………..pg 13 Economy…………………………………………………………..pg 14 Advertisement……………………………………………………..pg 15 Feature article: Prohibition and Crime…………………………pgs 16-17 Advertisement…………………………………………………….pg 18 Entertainment…………………………………………………….pg 19 Sports……………………………………………………………..pg 20 Advertisement…………………………………………………….pg 21 10 questions……………………………………………………...pg 22-23
Letters From the Editor These days are very daring, scary, full of crime, and abstinence of alcohol. This is the result of the newly passed 18th amendment. This amendment restricts and stops all selling and distribution of alcohol. There have been many reasons for this new law being passed based on our studies. Fathers have been spending their wages at bars, causing families to starve and have horrible relationships. Families have been split up due to this, contributing to this was that crime was often discussed in bars, and gambling was frequently executed in bars. We have chosen to elaborate on this topic because of its impact on the daily lives of Americans. Crime is a very bi part of our american life for many reasons including gang activities and petty robberies. Al “Scarface” Capone is a rising gangster in American. He is responsible of the Valentine's\ Day Massacre. Also many other bloody crimes, such as: multiple murders, illegal alcohol dealing, and tax evasion. Although crime has risen, families are thriving because prohibition is making America great again. Not only that, these days have been full of sports legends such as Babe Ruth, Helen Willis , and Jim Thorpe. These athletes have been influential on Americans watching sports. The Scopes Trial was yesterday and is a huge factor in the outcome of America’s beliefs. The market is crashed and people are starving, this needs to change as soon as possible. Editors: Jack Wenzel & Lukas Anson
Letters to the Editor
Rural Life I fully enjoyed your article on the advantages of urban life, but I must say, I disagree with you on a couple of parts. First off, life out in on the farm is so much more productive, for it gives americans land and property of their own. It also teaches us to be more in control of our lives and be way more self sufficient. Life in the city might be great for some people, but as more and more people are starting to travel to the city, the population of us hard working farmers has declined by 25%! Since the end of WWI, the demand of agricultural good has declined making us suffer for all the hard work that we have put in. Yet the “new age” of Americans might not realize this, but they us, and our hard working labor, and extensive work to keep crops ripe so the fancy loud restaurants can get better reviews. And even that, city life must get loud, annoying, migraine inducing, but out here in the country, there’s not a thing but relaxation, and true beauty. We live hard working lives, and life isn’t always easy, but with having a farm to run is a great life to live, without all the criminals, and gangs is an amazing environment for the next generation to grow up in and develop. Thanks for you opinion, Lukas Anson
Dear Editor, I strongly agree with your article about prohibition and the 18th Amendment. Although gang violence has risen that is not the only stat. Ever since the 18th amendment was passed families have been brought back together, fathers have been raising their families properly, marriages are being brought together, wages aren’t being spent on gambling, and crime is lowering. Prohibition is the Duck’s quack and the cat’s pajamas. John F. Krame, the leader of prohibition said “This law will be obeyed in cities large in small in villages and where it is not obeyed, it will be enforced. This is amazing! Prohibition is making America great again. Thank you for this outstanding article, Jack Wenzel
Letters to The Editor Dear Editor, I am writing this to you to tell and show you that our youth culture is not that bad as you think. We might be a bit crazy and loud, but that does not mean we are bad people. We don't like the old ways that our parents went through like the way you date, parties, and the style they had. We like to be free and I think you will understand what i'm trying to tell you but being free is like being independent but it could cause problems in the future if you take it the wrong way. First of all us youth/younger adults and women should have the right to vote as men. There are more young people that are trying to grow up happy and start a life so we have to find homes for our future family. We are looking for smaller homes with indoor plumbing, central heating, and garages. So far more homes and apartments are popping up that are like that. Due to the Tabloids there are more shocking stories that have been out on to those newspapers that makes everything sound so bad. The Tabloids are coming out with new life changing discovers that us youths like to hear about or try. We are now getting older so we have to find the right place for our new upcoming families that will hear and might go through what we have gone through. The modern women live in smaller home with labor saving devices, so they would get more free time. We do not need to use as many servants as we used to with all the new technology that has came out in the past couple of years. Many conservative Americans regarded the modern women and impact of social changes as harmful due to all of the changes. Now that younger women have started to work after World War 1 more people are against it because it wasn't the right things for women but all of the women that work are “all wet.� Sincerely, Tyler White
Dear editor, The amazing growth of these new urban cities has more than just excited me but has consumed me in a world that I never thought i’d be part of. With the population in cities increased in major hitters like New York, Los Angeles and Hudson. Cars,trucks,bridges and highways are ways of transportation I would have never thought of! I can go see my aunt who lives 30 miles from me which would have taken about an hour bike ride, three hours if I walked. I am surely surprised at the increase of immigration to these bigger cities, 25% of the urban population are immigrants. Though disgusted by the hate from the south and rural areas about these new economic changes. The fact that they are rioting and throwing hissey fits just because we are evolving as a country from the old days of farming and back breaking labor to the smell of oil and gas of the cities. But I will say it is a bit overcrowded. East Manhattan reputedly had a density of 800 inhabitants per acre. Places like the tenements often had four families living on each floor, people who were crammed together in such unsanitary living condition. But as time goes on improvements in medicine and public health have definitely improved as far as it was before. Even with the opposing side of rural's. I am positive that in due time urbanization will take over as the norm from this century. Kudos for the article it was a cat's meow of a time to read.
Sincerely,
Letters to the Editors Dear Editor, I thought your article on pro evolution was no good and is just a blushing violet. Evolution is for people scared of what they have don’t to not please our Father and have come up with an excuse to think that there is nothing after death. The fact is that we have a minor resemblance to monkeys and apes but there is no proof behind the theory. Why would we teach our children about the theory of evolution even though it is still a theory? while many may doubt the Bible there is still written record about its patriarchs and prophets and the miracles they performed some 2000 years ago. Why doubt our hundreds of millions of ancestors and doubt the Bible, it has been the oldest and wisest form of literature for 1800 years and has never been proven wrong in its truths. Teaching Darwin’s theory will only influence future generations to be violent towards one another in the belief of survival of the fittest. Darwinism should not be taught in schools. This country is superseding the world in power and value and we have been teaching the Bible in our schools ever since school became regular. Why change this practice?
Sincerely, Herman George Ruth Jr.
Dear Editor, I support the 18th Amendment. Alcohol should not be allowed in the United States because once alcohol reaches your system it makes you do things without thinking. Alcohol is bad for family life, morality, traditional values, and individual health. For too long, men having been spending their money on alcohol and abandoning their families. This is all the more reason why Congress should uphold the 18th Amendment and the Volstead Act. Another reason why I support Prohibition is because cops in the big cities need to get rid of speakeasies and end bootlegging. Bootlegging has been an unexpected result of Prohibition and has led to organized crime. This is an outrage! Bootleggers illegally make and sell alcohol to speakeasies and other gangsters. These gangsters are making money and they must be stopped. If cops enforce the Volstead Act and Prohibition, crime in the big cities would end.
Sincerely, Dry in New York, Marsean Rhodes
Briefing Noah T.
Currently, we have 48 states in this country There are 30 people per square mile
There are currently 106.5 Bacon is 52 cents a pound. Million For every 100,000 people in people, there are 7 the USA homicides 33 million people go to the movies every week. “History is right with the
lighting, and my only regret is that its
all so terribly true” -Henry Ford, immigration
`
“Scopes isn’t on trial, civilization is on trial.” -Woodrow Wilson, Scopes Trial “ These men of many nations must have taught American ways, the English language, and the right way to live” -Herbert Hoover
Politics By: Marsean Rhodes
Republican presidents rely on private investments to drive the economy. This means that when private wealth stops the economy stops. They also believe that the market and private businesses make the economy work. The republican presidents have a protectionist approach to foreign trade, but pursue a laissez-faire policy at home. This give freedom to businesses and helped the boom of the 1920s. President Harding wants to bring back Americans’ peace and Harmony. He has promised our nation normalcy. He has reduced taxes for United States companies. Calvin Coolidge kept business taxes low. He likes to leave decisions to individuals, not the government. He encouraged an isolationist foreign policy. He was known as Silent Cal for his quiet and frugal nature.
Herbert clark hoover was the 31st President of the United States, He was also a professional mining engineer and was raised as a quaker. Hoover was president when the stock market crashed meaning that he broke his promise of “a chicken in every cooking pot and a car in every garage�.
The World Due to World War 1 it left people disillusioned and distrustful of foreigners because of what events occurred in the other countries. In 1919 Versailles Peace treaty was the first indication of the pervasive isolationism that was characterized the 1920s. This treaty was to be set so there aren't any other wars in the future. The internationalist policies of president woodrow wilson (1913-1921) were rejected because he was to late to join the League of Nations. The roots of isolationism have changed the way the first american settlers look at the europeans. Many of the first Americans are turning their backs to the europeans because of religious persecution and/or poverty. Many people came to America in search of a better world. For many of the people want to come to America for a better life have had a hard time deciding because of the new technology and how much richer europe has become.
In June 1917, the first troops of the American Expeditionary Force landed at the French port of St. Nazaire, France.
The washington Naval service helped the countries make decisions not to have too big of a navy. One of the guys that were trying to help make a change was Harding's secretary of state Charles Evans Hughes (1862-1948) and he wanted the foreign policy. One of the Charles Evans Hugheses achievements was the Washington Naval conference of 1921. Everyone agreed on having Naval limits. The one problem that this brought was that the agreement was undercut by U.S. trade controls which excluded Japan exporting to the U.S. market. The war debts did cause some problems but they had to be done. Britain and France owed huge sums Principally by Russia. Germany was imposed the entire cost of the war and they were not able to make the payments because of the amount of money they were spending on repairs, so the U.S gave Germany a loan of $3.9 million to pay for repairs. Raising the Downbridge was the tendency of Americans turning their attitudes and backs to immigration. The previous president had rejected restrictive measures on the european immigration. Americans didn't want people to immigrate from other places to the U.S because it could cause future problems.
Radio $60.00
It's a Radio. It's $60.00 It's a Radio. It's $60.00 It's a RADIOOOO AND It’s $60.00!!!
Social Tensions SNAP. goes the poor childs head as the hidden man in all white cracks the young boys neck. He will only be remembered as a victim, as he is only 6 years old and his parents were just lynched on the old sycamore tree, the same one he swung on earlier that day. Due to the efforts of Joseph Simmons in 1915, the Ku Klux Klan is back and powerful, but is different in this second incarnation, as they now are targeting more than just the black population, but is now attacking Catholics, Jews, and immigrants as well. The Klan has a lot of power, now the Klan has millions of followers across the country and is powerful enough to start its development in our government, as our leaders have grown to fear the violent practices of the Klan and its frightening symbol, the burning of the cross, a sign of the devil. The Klan has not gotten more civilized in its murders, using lynching, assassinations and mass burnings, all under the white hoods the Klan has become accustomed to using. The Ku Klux Klan is back and powerful. Many are joining in fear of their lives and the Klan has been the leading groups to cause lynchings, some happening multiple times a night in a single area.
KKK Cross Burning But there may be salvation to our poor negro neighbors as the influential Marcus Garvey has a plan for our black population, the free black country in Africa, a planned but not well funded country for blacks in America to go to live completely free of social tensions and persecution. The Prohibition Act is now in play, this country has officially become dry, But loopholes are already being uncovered, like many drinkers aren’t fearing the law because it technically says drinking it is legal, only distribution and transportation are illegal. Also doctors have been forced to sell medicinal alcohol to anybody now, because if they don’t it is bad for business. Loopholes are everywhere and enforcement is poor Crime has been a problem in our bigger cities due to the prohibition act passed a few years back. Mob bosses have been leading gang wars for alcohol control. This is a huge problem in New York City and the Chicago areas. Mob bosses like Al Capone and Dean O’banion are running gangs and have lots of control and have said to be involved with over 2 dozen murders in recent years.
THE BOOMING END TO AN ECONOMY The 1920’s before the unholy Great Depression was a time full of exceptional prosperity. Some called it the Dollar Decade. the Big Cheese Organization and Businesses expanded growing larger and larger everyday, the stock market soared! More and more money was being brought in through the Market. An actual majority of people had jobs and houses with an electric stove, telephones, flushing toilets and indoor bathtubs. As great as the twenties were, not everyone got off good. Many people who lived in rural areas had their crop prices decrease so low, many farmers went bankrupt. Millions of blacks and Immigrants struggled against discrimination and poverty. Work in the south was backbreaking and wages were at a dangerous low, unemployment was so common many had to get help from private charities and social service organizations. Even with the Cat’s meow of booming businesses all the success the nation had crashed like a bug to a windshield. The ole so famous stock market crashed loosing over $4 billion, some who had invested in this market realized their savings had been lost. Jobs were lost so citizens could not pay their payments on their houses and ended up losing a home, or because of the crash they were forced and or forfeit their homes.
The nation despite being squashed like an ant refused to give up on its country. So people had to get it back on track starting with the problem of prohibition. The long angered battle of the 18th Amendment, Wets vs. Drys. Alcohol or no Alcohol. Dry’s insisted that during the decade statistically the drinking of alcohol decreased and with that they wanted to fully get rid of alcohol. While the wets thought that prohibition was a failure with more organized crime and more drunks on the street. no one knows who's going to win the beef between these two rivals. Residents have been living on few dollars a week. Farmers and factory workers who invested in the market lost lots of money, so as some are still living the high life even with the catastrophe 150,000 laborers are working or worked in automobile industries with little pay. Some were only paid five dollars a day and because of so many lived in poverty. As the Roaring Twenties come to an end we are left with depression and loss. Their was a time when Americans expressed their frustration of old habits and challenged them(politics,religion, marriage,etc.) the old ways of looking at things had been reshaped and ushered in the modern age, Marking the end of the Roaring Twenties.
Prohibition in the 1920’s In 1913,drys started becoming more common, and people started realizing the negativity of alcohol, and its effects on American life. People were requesting the creation of a new amendment. One prohibiting alcohol. Prohibition the 18th amendment passed by the U.S that banned selling, distributing, manufacturing of alcohol. The Volstead Act is suppose to enact the 18th amendment which established prohibition. Positive effects on prohibition included of the poor spending less money, resulting in the poor having more money for necessities. Prohibition also resulted in a lack of alcohol in the military, making soldiers more focused and in control of themselves. While many people found positives of prohibition, there were tons of negatives to counteract the good things. This included of creating of mob groups and bosses, crime and secret groups helping places called speakeasies and low lying bars that still sold alcohol.
Women Turn out in large numbers with placards for an an anti prohibition parade in Newark, New Jersey Wets were people who believed that prohibition led to an increase of illegal activity and thought it did not stop what it was created to prevent.The wets wanted the 18th amendment to be repealed. People who were on the wet’s side included many congressmen and people that lived in the city. Despite the 18th amendment many people stilled served alcohol. There are even establishments called speakeasies.Speakeasies got this name from the practice of speaking quietly about such a place or when in side of said establishment so no one can alert the police or residence in nearby neighborhoods. Anything from: Selling, manufacturing, and transporting of alcohol is illegal throughout the United States. Some needed to find to get by the 18th amendment. This form of smuggling alcohol was called bootlegging. Bootlegging came in a general use in the 1880 to denote the practice of concealing flasks of illegal liquor within boot tops.
Crime in the 1920s Crime in the 1920s revolved around mob bosses, gangs, and crime lords, and turf wars. Primarily Jewish and Italian families ran gangs that controlled many things including of alcohol control, prostitution, and gambling. Al Capone was one of the largest crime lords in Chicago. Starting out in Brooklyn, he moved with his brother to Chicago and joined Torrio. There he gained ranks and became the most powerful mob boss in the city. He rivaled people like Bugsy Maron and O’Banion. Bugsy Maron was another crime lord in northern chicago. Capone eventually sent some of his henchman in disguise to kill him but only managed to kill 7 of his henchman. This was eventually called the Valentine's Day Massacre. O’Banion was another Irish Mob boss in northern Chicago killed by Capone's men in his flower shop.
The Police force in Chicago and New York City weren’t big enough. A mayor in New York City made the claim that he would need 250,000 men to enforce the law and another 250,000 to enforce them. Elliot Ness was one of the prohibition officers in the 1920s. He led a sort of task force in Chicago. This task force was nicknamed “The untouchables. Later in life, Ness did something called “cleaning up Cleveland” where he followed and captured over 200 criminals in the city. Gangsters may have led the prohibition control in the 1920s. But were eventually weeded out and sent to prison. Eventually, prohibition was repealed in December of 1933, and mob bosses and crime lords faded.
Chicago mobster Al Capone is seen at a football game in Chicago on Jan. 19, 1931
Entertainment Lukas Anson Jazz The new type of music that came from New Orleans has been spreading rapidly to Kansas and NYC. Famous jazz artists like Louis Armstrong, and Duke Ellington, have shown us why Jazz is becoming so popular. This February 12, 1924, the first major jazz concert is happening by George Gershwin. If you go to stores all over the country, you can find the very first recording of jazz ever sold, “Down hearted Blues�, by Bessie Smith. It has already sold 2 million copies. The jazz industry is also being taken up by white musicians like Benny Goodman.
Louis Armstrong playing his trumpet
Radio The new radio has changed the way that the American family receives news, and gets entertained. It airs new, sports, performances, music, and election results. Just in 1926, NBC took over the first national broadcasting business. By the second year that radios had been introduced, almost every household had one.
The Babe is Back! Willis, The Rising Star By Jack Wenzel “The Sultan and Swat”, also know as Babe Ruth, is a tremendous slugger and pitcher. He has led the Yankee’s to six World Series and hitting sixty home runs this season, with a batting average of .356. The Babe attracted over 30,00 new fans to the new Yankee Stadium. This stadium was nicknamed “The House that Ruth Built.” Ruth was not only a great baseball player but a good person too off the field. He was always kind to his young fans. Will Rogers called him “The Abraham Lincoln of Baseball.” Ruth once visited a sick boy in the hospital and gave him an autographed baseball. He promised this boy a home run, which Ruth did hit. Later that day Ruth found out the boy got better. The Babe later said “Best medicine in the world, a
Babe Ruth, Swinging for the Fences
Helen Willis is a rising tennis star. She is admired by other women for her looks, her fashion, her attitude, and her determination. Willis was born in a small town in California and didn’t have private tennis courts to play on, she had to play on public dirt courts. Her dad noticed her skill on the court and hired her a coach. She trained a lot and was better than most women so she had to train against men to get better. Willis attended the U of California Berkley. Once she was done with college Willis entered the Pro Tour. Willis won the hearts of Americans right away. People were always watching her at practice and always supporting her at tournaments. She won 3 U.S opens in a row in 1923, 1924, and 1925. Willis was in her prime in 1929 as she did not give up one set in any of her matches. She said “I had one thought,” “and that was to get the ball over the net. She won 19 grand slams. 4 French open titles, 7 U.S open titles and 8 Wimbledon Titles. Willis retired in 1939.
Men's clothing at a store near you for $29.97 or not near you
10 Questions With Al Capone Q: Al, What do you think of life in America today after prohibition? Capone: I think this prohibition is a wonderful opportunity to establish power within civilian population. Q: How have you evaded the police thus far? Capone: Easy, bribes and threats, you follow me, I have my men kill until you stop. Q: How do you feel of modern advancements? Capone: It's amazing, automatic weapons are flooding the streets, and cars are wonderful for getting away from the scene. Q: How was serving time in Alcatraz? Capone: it was pathetic, lost all of my street cred, and i was thrown in for nothing. Q: Were you allowed visitors on Alcatraz have? Capone: Yes, one visitor per month Q: How were the cells in Alcatraz? Capone: They sucked. They each had a small nast sin and a disgusting toilet, with the most uncomfortable sleeping cot. Q: What's Moose’s last name? Capone: Flannagan.
10 Questions With Al Capone Continued Q: What's Moose’s first name? Capone: Matthew. Q: What is Esther P. Marinoff? Capone: A School. Q: There are rumours that you have tunnels under Chicago, is this true? Capone: Sorry bearcat.You're on a need to know basis. Questioner: Thank you for your time Mr. Capone it was a bee’s knees of a time talking with you. Capone: My pleasure doll now if you’ll excuse me I must be going.
Bibliography Shane Snapp’s "Bootlegging." Dictionary of American History. 2003, "bootlegging." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th Ed.. 2015, and "bootlegging." World Encyclopedia. 2005. "Bootlegging." Encyclopedia.com. HighBeam Research, 01 Jan. 2003. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. N.p., n.d. Web. "Untitled." Untitled. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. U.S.A. 1920s. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 2005. Print. Yancey, Diane. Life during the Roaring Twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 2002. Print.
Jack Wenzel
Baughman, Judith S. American Decades: 1920-1929. New York: Gale Research, 1996. Print. Our Century, 1920-1930. Milwaukee, WI: Gareth Stevens Pub., 1993. Print. Pietrusza, David. The Roaring Twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1998. Print. Walters, John. Sports in America, 1920-1939. New York: Facts on File, 2004. Print.
Bibliography
Tyler White’s "The 1920s." (Book, 2000) [WorldCat.org]. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015. "Greatest Television Achievement In Years. New Form Factor in Magnavox Design Gives You 27-Inch TV Screen in Compact Cabinet Scaled to Grace the Average-size Room." Duke Digital Collections. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015. Mens Clothing. Digital image. Mens Clothing and Cost. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Oct. 2015. "Now, London. $417 Via TWA." Duke Digital Collections. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015. N.p., n.d. Web. Woog, Adam, Michael V. Uschan, Erica Hanson, Petra Press, Stuart A. Kallen, Gini Holland, and Gail B. Stewart. A Cultural History of the United States: Through the Decades. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1999. Print. Ww1. Digital image. Ap Images. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2015.
Noah Terwilleger 1920s Society. Digital image. Http://www.d.umn. edu/cla/faculty/tbacig/studproj/is3099/jazzcult/20sjazz/race.html. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015. Hanson, Erica. The 1920s. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1999. Print. KKK Cross Burning. Digital image. Http://www.conservapedia.com/Ku_Klux_Klan. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Oct. 2015. Wukovits, John F. The 1920s. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven, 2000. Print.
Bibliography
Lukas Anson American Decades, 1920-30. N.p.: Thomson Gale., n.d. Print. Pietrusza, David. The Roaring Twenties. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1998. Print. U.S.A. 1920s. Danbury, CT: Grolier, 2005. Print. Woog, Adam, Michael V. Uschan, Erica Hanson, Petra Press, Stuart A. Kallen, Gini Holland, and Gail B. Stewart. A Cultural History of the United States: Through the Decades. San Diego, CA: Lucent, 1999. Print. "The 1920s." (Book, 2000) [WorldCat.org]. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015. "Greatest Television Achievement In Years. New Form Factor in Magnavox Design Gives You 27-Inch TV Screen in Compact Cabinet Scaled to Grace the Average-size Room." Duke Digital Collections. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Oct. 2015.