Archaeologiabrit00lhuy

ii/lctx.-^

ijCiC^.

o^^*^^^^,

'^;

j^chc^ohgia Britannica, GIVING SOME ACCOUNT Additional to what has been hitherto Publilh'd, O

^

F

TH

E

LANGUAGES, HISTORIES Of

the

and

CUSTOMS

Original Inhabitants

GREAT BRITAIN: From Colledlions and

Waksy Cornwaly By

Obfervations in Travels through

Bas-Bretagne, Ireland

EDWARD LHUYD

Keeper of the

M.A.

Scotland,

-\ Oxford.

oijefits CoUege,

Ashmolean Museum

VOL.

and

I.

in

^

GLOSSOGRAPHY.

OXFORD,

Printed at the And

Sold by Mr.

THeate R

Batman

for the Author, mdccvii.

ia Pattr-Nofier-J^rp^ London

Bookfeller at Dublin,

:

and Jeremiah Pepyat

Imprimatur,

,.,„,,

^R. CHAR LETT. ^pX.

9,.

^707.

1.30

MV

The Names

of the Subfcribers towards the Authors As alfo of thofe who were pleafed to Travels Contribute without Subfcribing. ;

MONTAGUE

V ENABLES ABINGDON.

ANTHONY

Emlof

j

Evans ofPeterwe/Eff, Evans of Eaglesbu/}j E/f;

T>^ttiel

Evan

Zcfv/ASHLEY.

JOHN Lwd ASHBURNHAM.

M. Charles

E va ns of LLantriflcnt.

Mr.

Eyton.

Will.

Thomas Thomas

Fletcher Eff., Foley Efq\

Wtli.

Lewis Anwyl of Tar k Efj;

Robert

Foulks ^JM. A.

EJts

Anwyl M- A.

Charles

Fox E/f.

John

Archer Arnold Aubrey Aubrey

Mr. John

YtxcM.^nof Svcanfey.

Baronet.

fyili

Gibbons M.

Efy;

Sir Will.

Glyn Baronet. Go ugh Baronet.

John Sir John fFtU.

M.'D. Efq;

Sir

HENRY SOMERSET Z)«/ff o/BEAUFORT

RICHARD Z.cra'BULKELEY

Henry

John

Granville

Hugh

Griffiths

Loid Bijhop

2/^

BA

N G O R.

Arthur

David Mr. Ovoen

Bowen

of Gyrrey.

H U M P H.R E Y

M. Et^watW howxn "' of KettlehiH. Henry Edw.

Boyle £yy; Brereton Efq\ Brewlter M.'D. Brideeman E[q\

WtU. John WiU.

Brigftock of

Francis

Mr. John Sir IViU.

Robert

Thomas Marim Jhomas Mr.

IVill.

HENRY

HENRY

Hammond Eff Herbert Efq\

Edward

of Tre pydhtg Holland Eff

George

Howels of Bovil Efq.

Jeffreys

jibel

Robert Jerevttah

Zj^rd

Bj>.

of

Maurice

Jones M.A.Re6iorofDolgelk.

Sir Charles Nicholas

Kemeys Baronet

D'alloune Eff^ Davits of LLannerch Ejf., Daw kins Ejf,

tj^lonlague

Dodington Eff., Drake Efq\

Sir Thomas

Dyke

Francis

Edisbury of Eidbig Eff, Edisbury LL. 2>.

George

John Jonathan

Jthn

John

St.DhY IDS.

Edwards ©. 2). Edwards of Rhyd y Gois

Jokn

Kcracys of Cardiff Efq. Kinafton Efq.

George

Koytmor Efq\

HENRY JOHN

Baronet.

Ejf

Lotd BifhopofLO'i^TyOts.

Z^r</^//co««/LYSBURNE

Thomas

Lewis of Lanifen Efq. Lewis of Margam M. A. Lewis M. A. Lewis rj\i A.

William

E/f.,

Eff

Griffith

Richard

DENBIGH.

JEFFREYS.

Jenkins of Henfal Eff Jones of Tregib Ejf Jones of LLetheinoyadh Jones D. D. Jones rJM. A.

Edward

Conway Baronet. John Mr. William Crofs.

Z/)r//

Eff

Jeffreys Khtght.

^'^l^ff^^y

David

Sir

Trincipal Secrc

Hickman D. D. 'iriicV.i

JOHN

JOHN i^r/o/CARBURY.

HEREFORD.

HYDE.

Anthony

John

THOMAS

Lord

James Charles

CLARENDON.

Earl of

i?/». o/-

tary of State,

John

Bulkelcy Eff, Bulkeley Ejf, Button of'Dyffryn Efq\ Button of Cotter el Efq\ Bynon of Cajlell gorvod.

BAZIL

Z.

The R.H. Robert Harley Eff

LLechdynny Efq\

Brown of Frood E[q\ Brown of LLanelly. Brownlow Knight.

Evlof

Eff M. A.

Gwyn Ffq\ Gwyn of Taliaris Eff Gwyn ofTiede Eff Gwyn ofLantowy Eff

Francis

Rowland

JOHN

Z).

Erajmus Morgan a i

Mr

Mr./imbrofe Lewis,

M.T)-

tSMartin

Lifter

Thomas John

LLoyd of Allt y Kadno Eff, LLoyd of jiber LLeveni Efq\ LLoyd of Krynvryn Ej'q\

Tiavid Rohert

l±.oydi of ylfion Ef<j\

Will.

LLoyd

John John Thomas Francis

IJLoyd of Rhmedog Efp LLoyd of LLangennach E[q\ 'L'LoydofDanjfr Mt Efq\ LLoyd ofGwaelody Maes Ejq\

Grifftih

LLoyd

KfMr.John

of Halton Eff,

of Kwrr.gwily Efq\ IJLoyd of Bronwydh. LLoyd of Owrych E[q\ LLoyd of Fosy Bkidhiaid.

John Mr. "David tjMr. Simon LLoyd of Bala. Mr. Thomas LLoyd of LLan Mr. 'David LLoyd. Loughor Efq}, Richard

Mr. Lewis

Price of

LLanedy.

Daniel Mr. John

Price B.

D. Dean of St. Afaph.

fVilliam

Pugh of Mathavarn Efq\

Sir Roger

Pulefton Knight.

Price.

CHARLES Thomas Thomas Mr. Thomas

Ravenfcrofc Efq\ Rice of Newton Ffq\ Roberis Ei'q\ Roberts of Landaff.

Timcred

Robin fon M. D.

Michael

Roiendai M. D. Rowlands of Nant Efq;

Griffith

John

Henry

Air.

'Dekvcyn.

Rowlands.

CHARLES Richard

of t3krgam Baronet. Manfel of^SMargatn Efq\ now Comptroller of Her Majeftys Houfhold. Sir Edward Manfel of Trymfarran Knight. Manlel of Br ttton Ferry Efq\ Buffy Maniel of Britton Ferry Efq\ Thomas Maniel of ^uddlejcomb Efq\ Rawkigh

Str

Edward Manfel

Thomas

Sir

ZLorrt'

SPENCER.

Salisbury of Ryg Efq\ Seys of Boverton Efq\

Roger

Madryn.

Mr.

BODVlL^rtr/g/^RADNOJl.

Edward

TheR.H.

Stradlmg Baronet.

Sir

John Ttcsot Knight, Mafler of the Rolls.

Sir

Thomas Trevor Knight Lord ChiefJuflice ,

of the

Common

Tleas.

Thomas Baronet IVtlliam Thomas of Aber Efq; Markham Baronet. Sir George Mainvcaring of Llanymdhyvry Ef Mr. Ijewis Thomas ofCwrry Wayn. Roger Mr. William Thomas of Cardiff. Sir Richard Middleion Baronet. Chrjftopher

Middleton of Middleton-HallEfq.

Sir John

Tonkms

Thomas

Mill

Sir Roger Richard Walter

Mollyn Baronet. Moftyn Efq\ Moyle Ejq\

Edward

Nicholas Efq\

Hugh

Arthur John

Owen Baronet. Owen Efq\ Owen EJq\

THOMAS £tfr/ g/'PEMBROKE. WILLIAM iMd Marquis o/POWYS. "David

John Jehu Sir Taul Sir Sir

Thomas Thomas

IVilliam

John Mr. John Mr. Gervice

Edward Lewis Rohert

Parry of Noyadh Efq\ Parry of Tantyr odyn dM. A.

Phihpps of DSl Haidh Efq; Pindar Baronet. Powel of Lhe-/wedh dyrys Kt.

Powel Powel Powel Powel Powel

f

Vaughan LLangedwyn Efq; Vaughan ofGlany Lhyn Efq; Vaughan of Derihysk Efq; Vaughan of Korfygedol Efq; Vaughan B. D. Treb. ofWmdfor.

John Griffith

Maurice

JONATHAN TRELAUNV

-Sir

Lord Sir

Bifhop

WILLIAM

o/WINCHESTER.

Lord Bifhop e/ WORCESTER.

Ralph Wilbraham Efq; Sir William Williams of Faynol Baronet. Sir William Williams of LLanvorda Baronet. Williams of Taley Efq; John Williams M. A. John Mr. Philip Williams of Dyffiyn. Air.

Owen

Williams.

Brown

Willis Efq;

John

Windham of Dunraven. Efq; Wogan of LLanjHnan Efq;

William

of Broadway Knight. of Nantios EJq;

Sir John

M. D.

John Mr. William

of Carmarthen. of Milton. Pryfe ofGogerdhan Efq:, Pryfe of Gogerdhan Efq; Price Efq\ now Baron of the Exchequer.

of Lanbrigan Efq;

Tredenham Baronet. Tredenham Efq;

Sir Jofeph D. D. John Morgan M. A. Morgan LL. B. Will. Morgan of LLannercb Bledry Ef Edward Walter John Mr. William Morgan of Koedy Gorres.

John Rhys

Owen

Robert

Robert Mr. William

Mr. EJUt

Wyn Baronet. Wyn Efq; Wyn of Gop Efq; Wyn of Maes y Neyodb. Wyn of Caernarvon M. A. Wyn of Lhan Dheyniolen M. A^ Wyn. YouBg

of Bryn Torkyn.

TO THE

RIGHT HONOURABLE S'

THOMAS MANSEL o{ Margam. Bar*.

COMPTROLLER O

F

HER MAJESTY'S HOUSHOLD. SIR,

AViNG

fo long fince, received the Honour of Your Commands; I dread like a bad Steward, the tendring You fo Inconfiderable a Part of my Charge. The Fatigue of Five Years Travels, through the moft retired Parts of Her Majefty's Kingdoms, I bore without Reludlancy; and which was the Greater Task, tho' always requifite in Undertakings out of the Common Road, heard with Patience the Remarks of thofe whofe Education or Natural Talent difpofed them to ridicule. Thefe are Difficulties I was always prepared for, and have overcome without much concernBut I muft acknowledge, the Reflefting how tedious the Time might feem to fo many Perfons of Quality, who had fo Generoufly encouraged me, upon Your Example and the Favourable Charafter

b

Yow

THE DEDICATI ON. You were

pleafed to add, has occafion'd no fmall Uneafinefs, Hov\' required in the compiHng this Book may A[>ologize,

far the Time I know not.

All I fhall fay is, that though amongft the Infinite Men in the Kingdom, there be but few who Learned of Number Performance in each Language, yet there are a the of can judge the Labour fuch a Book requires, and of can, that many Great whether beiides thofe Countries Particularly concern'd, it may be To their Opinion I ufeful to Criticks and Hiftorians in General. fhall contentedly and acquiefce in their Cenfubmit, humbly rhoft fparing Expence or Pains, faithfully without enhave I fure. the Proper Foundation of Work a 1 wasinLaying the deavour'd trufted with If I have miftaken/twas not without confulting fome Friends whom I prefum'd to be Competent Judges from a General Approbation of Books they themfelves had publifh'd. Their Opinion was, fuch a Work might prove Inftrumental, towards the leading us to a Clearer Notion than we have had hitherto of the moll Ancient Languages, and Confequently of the Origin of the They alfo added it would proFirft Colonies of thefe Kingdoms. Exquifite Performance of the Late with Conjunction bably in Britain and Irethroughout Antiquaries the D' Htchs, encourage oldeft into our Languages, InInfpeftion land to a Narrower commonly thought ufethan we have Manufcripts, fcriptions and of the fame JudgeIhould be others fome If upon Perufal, ful. for the Time. But Compenfation fome hope ment, 'twill be I fo Publick long'd for while Great I have a whatever Fate attends it, Generolity, Your of Senfe and my due an Occafion of exprefling promoting of Learning the Aim at in Laudable manifefting Your been in conferring have You may General, however Unfuccefsful Your Favours on :

Honour'd

Sir,

Your

Grateful and

molt Obedient Servant,

Edward Lhuyd.

THE

PREFACE. THE

Languages whereof you have Iiere an Account, being thorc of Nations conlong before the Relbration of Polite Literature, can be but little knou'n or regarded beyond the Limits ot their Refpe6tive Territones. And iincc Divcrfity of Languages is Generally granted to be rather an Inconveniency than the Contrary, 'twill be expeiled I Ihould here give fome Account of the End I propofed in this Defign. I {liall therefore offer in tew Words the Reafons that induced mc to an Undertaking io Laborious, fo little Diverting, and fo much out of the Common Road. Having engaged to Add rome Account of our Bnii/h Antiquities to what had been publifh'd by others Nothing alter fome Conlideration, feem'd more proper to begin with, than an Eifay of tracing out the Original Language, beyond what had been hitherto attempted nor any means likelier to prove Effeilual therein, than the adding an Account of the Ancient Languages oi Scotland and Ireland and the other Diale6b of the Britijh, to that Excellent Di(5lionary of the WelJ}}, publiQi'd long lince by Dr. 'Dwies. This proceeded not from any conceited Opinion, as fome might be apt to imagin, of the Plauliblenefs of thefe Languages. Moll of us commonly hear or read too much to be Ignorant that the Generality of People are rather difpofed to a Ridiculing than a Favourable Reception of any Thing in that kind. This did not I own in the leall dil'courage me, as well knowing that the fame prejudice in the like Cafe, prevails in all other Great Governments and that in any uncommon Undertaking, the Judgement of Men of Diftindlion ( or at leail particular Experience in the Subjedt propoied ) is to be only regarded. The Inducement I had, was no other than a feemmg Probability that fuch an Ellay might in this Curious Age, contribute not a little towards a Clearer Notion of the Firfl: Planters of the Three Kingdoms, and a better Underltanding of our Ancient Names of Perfons and Places. And that the few Britij\:i and /r///j Manulcripts yet remaining, fome whereof have not I prefume been throughly underdood in thefe Latter Centuries, would thereby be render'd more Familiar to fuch as are willing to beftow on that Study, fome part of their leifure Hours. Another qiier'd

;

;

;

Profpeil was, that fuch a Work would be an Acceptable Service, to all that are Curious in the Antiquities of the Ancient Gauls \ whofe Language will I prefume, upon a diligent Examination, be found to be in a great meaiiire retriev'd in the Second Title of this Volume, or ComBy an Examination is here only intended a Comparing of the Gaulijh parative Focahukry.

Words colleiiled by Ticardus ' and publifh'd by leveral others fince, with that Vocabulary. I lay no Itrels herein, on the ArmoriQ Words, becaufe we cannot dillinguifh what they may have borrow'd from the French. The Reader may confine himfelf to the Welp and Trtp only. I am fenfible Mr. Camden, Boxhornius and others have long fince taken notice of the Affinity of our Britip with the Chic; but there being no Vocabulary extant of the IriJI} (or Ancient Scotijh) they could not collate that Language therewith, which the Curious in thefe Studies, will now find to agree rather more than ours, with the Gauhjh. I own that the Gatd/Jh Words

out of Ancient Writers might have been liable, becaufe unintelligible, to Alteration by the feveral Copyifls by whom thole Books have been tranfcrib'd till their Publifhing in Print; and

we

were a People that confifted of three leveral Nafome of thofe Words attributed to them in general, might have been Celtic properly fo called, fome ^juitanian and others Bel^ic and therefore not to be all deriveable from any one or two Languages now extant. All this 1 fay I Ihall readily acknowledge but 'Fontanus's Celtic Glojfary is not the only Medium we have for tracing out the Remains of that Language. An Etymologilt that's Mafter in fome meafure of the Britiflj and Irijh, will find it a Nearer and a more Satisfaitory method, to pcrufe ihe Learned Menage's EJymologicon., taking Particular Notice of the Words he candidly owns, he knows not whence to derive-, and of a great many others which he fetches much further off, than he would ( I prelume ) had he been acquainted with either of thofe Languages. A Third Means which might prove no lefs ufeful, is a comparing of the Proper Names of Pcrlbns and Places amongft the Gauls with thofe in Britain and Ireland. For though the Generality of the Former be now either Scripture Names or mixt and ufed indifferently amonglt the Inhabitants of Neighbouring Countries, yet there are bclides what the Romans have mention'd, ffan///^ Names enough extant are further to confider, that as the Gauls

tions, ot fo

many

different

Languages

*,

;

;

1

Joawiis Ficardi Toutreriani <Jc prifca Cekopedia Likri y. ad Humtertum a Ftatiera Camtanitt Pro.{to. i)-^^. z Jul. C^/arit Comment. De hllo Gallico. L. I.

regem. Parif.

C

THEPREFACE. in Infcriptions

and Manufcripts for

may

fiich

Obfervations.

New

And

as

to Places, tho' their

Names, yet

Towns^

and other places of the ^o;«<:« Geography, and {dism England) their Greater Rivers and Mountains whether tnention'd by the Ancients or not, may be well prefiim'd to retain either intirely or in pare the fame they Originally had. Some other Particulars relating to the Ulefulneft of preferving ( at leaft in Writing) thcle rnoft Confiderable Remains of the Ancient Celtic, I have propoied in the Epiftle before the Britijh Etymologkon, and in the Preface to the Irifl} 'DiSlknary. The Reafbn for publifliing this Volume firft, will be I prelume Obvious to every one; as well in regard a frequent ufe ol Britip and Iripi Words, falls in of Courfe, in the Remainder of the Work as that 'twill be indifpenlably Necellary towards the better underftanding lome Manufcripts in each Language, out of which the Materials thereof are chiefly fupplied. Villages and Brooks,

tor the niofl: part

have

their Cities

;

TIT. I. The Comparative Etymology which is the Fuji Title ( or SeiElion ) of the following Ghjfo^aphy-i conmts wholely of Parallel Obfervations relating to the Origin of DialeitSj the Affinity of the Britip with other Languages, and their Correfpondence to one another. What I aim'd at therein, was the fiiewing by a Colleilion of Examples methodized, that Etymology is not, as a great many till they have confider'd it with fome Application, are apt to And becaufe we have hitherto be perfwaded, a Speculation merely Groundlefs or Conjedtural. nothing elle in this kind relating to thele Languages, nor to any other in the fame Method; I have been more Copious in Confirming the Obfervations with Examples than had been Necellary, had there been any fuch Rudiments of Etymology before, or that fort of Study more As for thofe Variations of Orthography I have inffanced in out o'i Roman have made ufe of none, but where the fame occurr'd frequently. I am not Ignorant that Divers of thofe Examples were no other than the Erroneous Orthography of the Vulgar ; but in regard they are common, they confirm neverthelefs for being fo, the Particular Obfervations they are applied to ; fmcc a Change of Letters is but a Confequence of a Change in the Pronunciation. I have commonly inferred, though nothing Neceflary as to the Examples, either the whole Infcriptions, or as many of the Words as made Senfe; to the End that fome few Notes of Reading intermixt, might render the Examples the lefs Tedious. And I was the more willing to infert the Various Orthography of Roman Infcriptions, becaufe a Competent the Reading fuch as are Obfcure. Knowledge thereof may be fbmetiraes Ufeful Generally known. Infcriptions

;

I

m

TIT. intended.

The Comparative Focahulary does not fo much Anfwer it's Title as was at firfl What I once propofed was only a Table of fuch IriJ}} Words as agreed with any

II.

of the BritiJh but afterwards refledling on tfie Scarcity of Ur. 'Davies\ T>tElionaiy and Ufe a Latin-IriJ}j Focahulary might be of; I concluded 'twas likely to prove much more Acceptable, if more Copious ; and therefore ( having leifure enough on Account of the improved it to a fort of LatmCeltic 'Difiionary., taking in Printer's being otherwifc employ d only the Common Latin Words and omitting the Participles, Adverbs deriv'd of Adjedives; and very frequently other Derivatives and Compounds, as unneceliary in any Diilionaries excepting fuch as are intended for the tranflating of Latin. Diale(5l

;

the Great

)

TIT. Mamir

III.

IV.

The ^rmoric Grammar and Focabukry were

Jefuit, about

jo years fince; and

written in French h^ Julian by Order of the Bilhop of ^emper. The School in that Town, and afterwards a Famous

publifli'd

Author was one of the Maf lers at the Jefuits Bafs Britany, where he gain'd that Reputation, that his Life has been elegantly His Vocabulary tho' not very Confiderable, was yet fb far as written by one of his Order. I could learn, the moft Copious extant ; and fb fcarce that 'twas my Fortune to meet but with only two Copies, and thofe in Con-vents. The Tranflator has every where retain'd the Author's Orthography, as moft ufeful to fuch as fhall perufe any of their Books; though in order to our Readier Pronunciation, I had in the foregoing Vocabulary, ufed the General Alphabet laid down in the Second Page. tSMiffionaire in

T

I T. V. There being at prefent no Profpedl: of reprinting Ht.'Davies'i Diflionary ; I thought not amifs to infert after the Armoric Vocabulary out of fome Notes of the DoiSor's own, Mr. H. Salesbur/s Manufcript Didionary ' and fome other Papers, ' a Colk&ion of ^fords omitted that Book. It's not fo valuable as 'twould otherwife have been, in regard thofe that are Obfolete are not exemplified. However many of them being Words well known to be Authentic, and all coming from fuch Hands, I thought this Opportunity of Preferving them was not to be it

m

omitted.

TIT.

VI. In the Co>«?^ Grammar

I

thought it Pertinent to premife fome Direiflions towards and have given the befl Account I could of the ;

the reading Britijh Manufcripts in General

i Communicated iy the Reverend Mr. H. r Author of the Latin-WeiP} Grammar. Lond. izmo. IJ9J. Foulks Prebendary of St. Afaph, /tfr. Jones cf LLza Gower, and Mr. William Baxter Alteration

THE PREFACE. Onhography of

feveral Centuries i'o far as I could trace it. And because the Great Oblblete Bni/J)} Words is a Dilcouragemcnt from perufing our MSS. I have inlertcd a Table of ilich as occurr mof I commonly in the Hiltorits or Romances according to the Orthography of the Thirtecnih and Fourteenth Centuries ; and have added at the end a Parallel with that Modern Coifj//)} lVe//?j (whether any where Ipoken at prelent or of the

Alteration in

Number of

in Manulcript)

which comes

ncaiclt to

it.

TIT. VII. Having feveral years (incc written the Catalogue of BrKiJh Manu(aipts in Wellh and Latin\ the Engiilhing ot it on this Occalion leem'd Unnecellary ; and 'tis therefore printed as 1 had it by mc, with the Additions that occurr'd, inlerted. The MSS. in that Language being not very Numerous, I thought an Alphabetical Method, with References by Abbreviations to the Studies where they are now extant, and often to the Particular Titles or Pages of Miicellanies, the molt ulcfal. The Abbreviations are explam'd at the ikginning and tho' the Particulars of Milcellaneous Volumes are cnter'd in their Places ot Alphabet the Volumes thcmlelves are alfo inlerted with (orae General Account of their Contents. The Initial and Final Words are frequently added, and Ibnietimes other Particulars that feem'd Remarkable with oc;

;

calional Notes.

TIT.

VIIT. The Author of the EJfAy towards a Br'tt'ijh Etymologkon having every where with me, had acquir'd a more than Ordinary Knowledge the Diaieds of his Native Language and leem'd otherwile well qualified for hich an Undertaking. I have in the Epiftle before it, mcntion'd the Convenicncy of printing ( in an Eiymologicon ) the Greek in Latin Charaders, and of uting indifferently any Cale or Tcnfc. And the fame Reafon holds for his having Recourfe fometimes to any Oblblete Orthography. The Reader is not to cxoed that the leading EtighJ}) Words, are conflantly render d by the Proper W<;ljl) now in ule, that being not requilite in an Etymologicon ; and therefore in luch Cafes the Lutin-Celtic or Comparative

m

travell'd

;

He is alio dcfircd to take notice that by the Abbrevianot always intended that there are fuch Words in the CormJ]}, but iometimei only that the Welfi Words would be fb according to the CorniJ}} Idiom, and that they are inIn Etymology, fuch Readers as arc not acquainted with each Lanferted only as Tranlitions. guage, are apt to fufped the Derivations from Compound Words; but it often happens that there IS an Analogy betwixt each word out of which they are compounded, as for inflancein Vocabukry

is

tion 'Dial. C.

the rather to be confulted. is

thefeOw^and

iriljh words; Euplek^s, /•/i^'% hho\\\h, y^mhujU Euboulos, Hybuyll, Sec. Etymologicon he has added for the Satufaction of the Curious in fuch Studies a fhort Appendix, confilting of fomc fuch common words, in mofl of the Languages of Europe as may be prefumed to be of the mofl Ancient ufc; as the fitteft Subjeit of Etymology.

To

;

;

this

TIT.

IX. Tlje IntroJu&ion to the rrip; is an Extrad of a Latin Irijlj Grammar piibiifh'd F. 0. Molloy An. id-;^. tho' compofcd by fome one elle as 1 found by comparing It with a MS. Grammar tranfcribed (or perhaps Originally written) at Lovaiti in the year 1669. for the ufe whereof as alfo of feveral other Irtfh MSS. 1 gratefully acknowledge my OhVxgzuonioM.^. Jeremiah Tepy at, Bookfeller at Dublin. This Grammar oi Molloy i is the .mofl com pleat extant; but is yet Imperfcdl as to Syntax, and the Variation of the Nouns and at

Rome by

Verbs; which Deled will 'tis hoped be fupplied by a of publifliing another Grammar.

^Stt/z/Z;

Gentleman who has fbme thoughts

TI T.

X. Having written a Preface before the Irijh Di&ionary, there remains little more to Informing fuch as are altogether Strangers to the Language, that 'tis not any Difficulty of its Pronunciation that makes it appear fo Singular, but our not having at the Prels, thofe Auxiliary or 'Pointed Letters they ufe in Writing; and their retaining in

be

faid of that Part, but the

Orthography on Account of Etymology, more Confonants than they ufe in Reading; a Account whereof is given at the Beginning of the />//!) Grammar. One mam Difficulty to Learners, and what may fometimes frullrate their finding out words m the Didionary, is their ufing indifferently a, 0, or ÂŤ e ox i\ b ox p bh or w/6; a' or / and dh oxgh In the old Manufcripts the Letter c occurrs liequently where they now ufe^; as cc eijieachd Yox ag i^and) where now agus ox agas, ike. And where according to their eifdcacht Attending:, ocus modern Orthography (which is that I have foliow'd ) they write ao, they uied anciently rf; fbr Laochzxi6. Caotach were written Z,^c^ and Carach, and ib in molt if not all other words The ufing lo many Letters indifferently proceeds partly from the Several Dialctib, but chicHy bccaulc there are lb few Books publifh'd. The fame words are on this Account, becaufc ufefid to Learners, Ibmetimcs inlerted as the Alphabet required, in Different places; but to have had regard always to the Variety of Orthography would have been a neecilels and too expenfive a When I had tranlcribcd this Part for the Prefs, I was very Delirous the Sheets Trouble. fliouln have been peruled before Printing, by lome Native of Ireland or Scotland, well acquainted with the Language but not hearing after long Enquiry there was any Pcrlon fo qualified m England; ail that could be done was the fending Tome Copies of the D;.^:ouary when their

Particular

;

\

;

;

c

Prin'ed,

;

THEPREFACE. Printed, into each Kingdom. What Additions and Corredions have been thereupon retiirn\i, are all Printed in the Order of Alphabet, at the end, as a Supplement or Appendix.

Having given feme Account of what this Volume contains, it remains that mention be made of the Particular Alliftance I have had from Perfons of Learnmg and Gcneroiity which is not done out of the leall: Opinion that the inferting their Names here, ihould add any thing to t"heir Charafler; but becaufe it's proper the Reader fliould be intorm'd what helps I have had ; and alfo in regard that it's now fo eltablilb'd a Cuftom, that the Omillion would be a Fault. As to the MSS. of our own Language, the moll conliderable Colledlion I hjve had theFavour of peruling, is that of the Right Worlliipful Sir Roger Mojiyn ot Mojijn in the County of Flint Baronet who was pleafed to Honour mt- , with a conftant free Acceis to his Library and the ufe of any Manufcnpt ellewhere, whenever 1 delired it. The fame Favours I have alfo receiv'd from the Right Reverend the Lord Bilhop o^ Hereford., and from my ever Honoured Patrons Robert 'Davies Efq; o{ Lbannerch in the County of 'Denbigh, and ^ohn LLoydE{(]\ of Aber Lhevenin\ Merionethjhire. Others who were likewile plealed to encourage the Undertaking in the fame manner, were Willtajn Thilips of Brechmk Efq; Capt. Walter Warm ofOUberry in Shroppne, the Reverend Dt. Jones Dean of Bangor, the late Reverend Mi.Tbomas IFilkms Prebendary of Landnff, Mr. Henry Rowlands Rcdlor of Lban Idan in Anglejey, Mr. William Ball R. ot No\tbopy and Mr. Evan yaugban of fedw in RadnorJ\nre. Neither mult 1 decline the acknowledging on this Occafion, that I have in General throughout ^F/^/l?J, receiv'd the utmcll Civility from Perlons of all Qualities; not only as to Hofpitality, which I leave to the Oblervation of Strangers, but and in mentioning or flicwing any alfo in their Readinels in Communicating any Manulcript ;

;

;

thing in their Neighbourhood, whether Inlcnptions or other Particulars, that might iccm to deferve Notice. In Cornvoal the Right Reverend Father in God, ^ixjfonathan Trelavcney then Lord Bifliop of Exeter ', was plealed belides the Generous Encouragement of a Contribution not Subfcnbed or the Expefted, towards the Expenfe of Travelling ; to recommend me to thole oi belt skill Cornip, or otherwifc molt likely to further my Undertaking ; and to grant thole other Favours

m

mention'd in the Preface to the CorniJIo Grammar. magb, was In Ireland the molt Reverend Father in GoA Narcijfus, Lord Primate of pleafed to communicate a Latinlnp Focloip ( or Vocabulary ) written about fifty years fince, by Richard Vlunket a Francilcan of the Abbey ofTrpn, a Pcrlon of Laudable Indultry, and as feem'd to me for I ought herein to lubmit to the Opinion of ihe Rmves ) a Judicious Writer. The great ufe that Manufcript has been of, is particularly mention'd in the Preface to ihe /ri/h For tho' it be true that I had written and begun Printing that Part, before my reDiilionary. ceiving the V^ocabulary ; yet the Progrels of the Printer on Account of other Bulinefs in hand, was fo flow, that belides its Ufe in the Co7Hparative Vocabulary, it gave me time enough to mAnd here 1 ought not fert therein, what Additions feem'd Neceilary to the Dtlign propoled. to forget that the Hrlt Helps and Encouragement 1 ever had in the Study of the Iriflj, were from the Reverend fix. John Mill, Principal of Edmund Hall und Prebendary of Crt/z/w/'ar/, whofe Charadler for promoting any ufeful Studies (tho' they Ihould be of a Ditferent Nature from thofe Generally in requelt ) is fo well known, that nothing need be added, unlefs by a

A

(

Hand more

adequate to the SubjeiSl. in Ireland were much facilitated by a Te/limoniutn fign'd ( belides fome Particular Recommendations) by the Right Reverend, the Bifliops of Clocbor, and 2)oTs:n &. Conor; the Reverend Di. Brown Provofl of Trinity College, Dr. Oit'fÂŤ ZAy^/ Profellbr of Divinity, and Thomas Molyneux D. M. and in Scotland by the like Favour from ^'n Robert Sibbald^ and

My Travels

the Principal of the College of Edinkirrough. Having elfewhcre given my Reafons for this enlarging of the firft "Defign and for the Delay all (uch Undertakings, and Alteration of method, and the fame being, I prefume, allowable

m

not detain the Reader with any Needlels Apology on that Account. A Cornilh-Englifh Vocabulary (as is mention'd in (ht Cornijl] Gramtnar) was at firft intended to have been inthis Volume, belides the Cornijh Words of the Comparative Etymology and thofe of the cluded Second Title ; as alfo an Account of Britijh and Celtic Proper Names; but the Book being otherwile improv'd to a Bulk beyond what was at firft defign'd, they are left to the next. And I was the more willing to omit for the prcfent that Vocabulary, partly in regard the Armoric differing but little from the Cornijl), fupplies in a Great Meafure that Dcfei^l ; and partly becaufe I have been (orae time lince mfbrm'd of a Cornijh Vocabulary, compoicd by a Gentleman who lives near Truro in that County, who may probably have fbme thoughts of Publiflimg it. I am not Ignorant of the Objedions lome Learned and Ingenious Gentlemen have been pleafed to urge againfl this Book, whilll 'twas a Printing; nor of the Dilad vantages to which a Book lo cenfured mult be Liable. But that being often the Fate of Performances infinitely more Valuable, and an Inconveniency which no Man can ever prevent, I think it needlefs to

I fliall

m

1

Now of

Wmchtfter.

fay

-

THE PREFACE. much

fhall take notice of is, that us poUible, what became in time the I might have been at Hrfl but the Surmilcs ul one Fcrlbn And that it's too Common a Milbke to take Charac'lcrs uponTiult, and an Humiliiy too much m Falhion to repeat the Sentiments ol Pcrlons ot Reputation tur Learning, as our own ; without relietihing chat our Deference to iuch Men, ou^ht not to exceed thole Studies they are known to have been Converlant in and without making due Allowance for l^rrourand Prejudice, from which nu Man can be wholely exempted, by any Advantage of Kducation. Men of Extenlive Reading, a Happy Memory, ind a Genius lor Diiconrle, ilciicumlpee'f in their Lives and Convcrlatioii, and endued with an Occ.dional Allurance, can never fail of a Characler; but it often happens that being too leiiliblc thereof themlclves, they take the Liberty of cenlunng what perhaps depending on being lecured by their Charader from any Bold they have but little conlider'd Contradidions. And if, contrary to expeefation, they meet with any Iuch, (ome are fo well prepared that they can maintain wliat ever they have once alicited, tho' it fliould be with the Expence of lb much time as is Requilite to the Silencing any Opponents, that have not a like Proportion of Confidence ; or a Greater Talent at continuing a Dilpute, than isconliltent with This when duly conlider'd Ihould feem an ArguSociable Converlation and Good Manners. ment of" a Greater Concern for friunour than Impartiality, and no fign at all of that Candour

fay

Talk

All

tlicicunto.

of" fcveral,

;

;

;

required in thole Perf'ons whole Judgement we Ihould be willing to acquielce m. Another Conlideration which ought to difhvade us from regarding Characters at lecond Hand, is that Ibmetimcs Iuch Leading Men are fo far Slaves to their Ambition, that it makes them a fort of Ottoman Politicians, fuch as out of Particular Deligns or for fbmc long Profpedfs that none but thcmfelves mull; know; make no Scruple in Private and as Opportunities of Coniequence are oHer'd, ofiujuriiig the Reputation of any Perfons they fufpetit to be in the Contrary Luereft; altho' they can aliord to be either filent or to fpeak civilly of them, when in Company with And fo H.xorbitant are the Projeds of fome Gentlemen ofthislort, that they their Friends. can continue the fame Pradlice thro' the whole Courfe of their Lives, and carry it on lb far, that even they that have but the leafl Dependance on fuch Perfons, lliall allb ( iho' they may

know whence it comes ) receive a Proportionable llure of the fame lort of Benevolence. Thcfe Cenlureis of Defign, arc with a little Oblcrvation calily dilfinguilh'd from Men of Candour and Impartiality. Gentlemen that have no Aim but the Truth, commonly propofe with an An of Modeity and J ullice -txhetlxr [uch and fuch CouJUerattons fnay mt f^an Mataidl Uhju&ions never

,

but the the

Men

ofDefign tho' in order

mam when

gam

attention they lomctimes ipeak favourably, are yet in there are any real Objciilions ffiil (with a leeming tendcrnels) improving them, to

are not, obtruding foii:e of their own Invention where they fuppole their Authorityimay influence which are yet often fo far f train'd as to be too apparenr. It's thi Optnicn of a great many, vchich in troth I am forry for ( lays a Gentleman that would leem coaccrn'd for this Undertaking ) that this firjl f^olurne will 7nest but with a Cold Reception, ft confijis only of Etymology and fVelp and Trip Vocabularies Now there are not perhaps above ha^ a dottzen or half a [core in the Kingdom that are Curious that uiaj/. The fVoi Id expeSled according to his Vtomifc and Undertaking, a Natural Hijlory, which is a Study of e/lablijh'd Rejuejl and Haifa douzen or half a fcore A very Comfbrtable that a great many are Cuiious m, ike. Number truly towards carrying off an Impreflion; and a Speech of great Encouragement to all

and when there

;

:

!

Lovers of the Antiquities of Britain and Ireland.

Should we not exped that an Impartial have laid Three or Four Hundred mltcad of half a fcore? Or can we fiippofe that any who had not fome Unfair Defign, would ever have faid, the World expelled I ikould publilh that firlt, which (as he knew very well ) I had faid in the Printed Propofals

Man would

at the lealt

I defign'd lalt; ixddim^ / could propofe no time for it's publifhing, if it frould pleafe might live to write it ? Theie mean Pradiccs I always defign'd to pals by, as no Material Information to the Generality of Readers but finding the Notions, tho' perhaps at firft noc much regarded, to fteal by Degrees on Ibme Gentlemen of Diftindhon, and fuch as are Perfons of Judgement and Candour; I thought I fliould be much wanting to my fclf, if I pafs'd it by wholely unregarded, and therefbre that the mentioning it on this Occafion, might prove neither wholely U>elels nor very Unlealbnable.

for Travelling,

God

I

;

Aindra

Mc

Ghileoin Fear an Cnuic, an tindhc c e.

mac Easbuig Earraghaoidhil

ORdheirc an gniomh

faor bhur comhluinn Cliu t30 phoghlum beijiio uainn Ti i>o chur oo na thuic or (innfrea&lt Cus so fgeimh bhur linn ampuaim. Molfid Mc Liath na Sheanchas, Ochd mhacigh'achd to Icanmhuinn oirinii, Brathreachus GaoMil Fear Shaxan, Thabhart narccuimhnc ceartna loi'g :

c a

M

:

;

Ad Eduardum

Luidium in Primum ArchaeoIogiaE

BritannicsE

QUO

Volumen.

Vxorem repetiffe Vates Thraciut fertur, cithara patents

Talis

leges, avidumque Ditem Carmine mulcens. Hic tamen dodo tibi cefflt Orpheus Conjugem plorans iterum reverfam, Sjua femel vera tua chart a fixity Ufque fuperfunt.

Tartari

Brito, rudis indocilifque modorum Carmine e^o celebrare, aut quali dicere verju j^ggrediar do&os^ Mufd renuente, laberes ? Non ego Cecrop:as urbes, non arva Meatus Te,

Magne

rura viator Ca/cavi pedibus pauci, quos aquus ApoUo Dilexit, tanto lati Je munere j ad ant. Scotia me geriuit, rlgidi terra ajpera Fergi, Terra antiqua, potens armis, tamen ubere glebd

Itala lujlravi, nee Claflica

R. Jones Maridunenfit.

:

Haud nimium fi'lix

;

placidis fed arnica

Utcunque Aonia mihi

Camanis

izon risere Sorores.

Rufiicitas mihi prifca placet, falebrofaque vocum Fragmina, qua patriis in mojitibm audiit olim

Cum

:

proavis atavut, quique has genuere parentes.

Te tel/u!, Ardloa polus qua Jidera pafcit. Grata recognnfcet gelidique fub atkeris Ursa ;

Incolumis tibi ftahit

lionos.^

fertque nepotes

Cantabunt memores Luidi per fecula nomen.

Hac

cecini

Amicitia ergo Scoto-Britannus. J. Keill

In amici fingularis E. Luidii Archaeologiam Biitan.

BAnnarum

(i) facilis

^

quamvis fs

:

Linguarum tetrd veterum ferrugine rafa Scrinta, qui refer at ; denfd caligine teHa Emit e latebris (^ apertd in luce reponit. ^lui Bmomim fcripta (^ Scocorutn antiqua recludity Memhrana an faxo concredita Prifca recenfet Nomina quid vale ant propria qua proxima Scot is Moribus accedat veterum gens ; quaque Bricannis. primum queritur dentibus expoliart fattt Je Tempus dum nolens reddit qua trita volebat. :

:

In Edv. Luidi Gloflbgraphiam.

Mufa,

ruflica

Exhaufldque ?iive Melibcci carmine raucx Monticola, cand g^ jam defuetudme tarda j ^»^ folers meruit Praconia dicito Luidus. Luidus 1^ Alpinut Nofiram neque Jpernit avenatrt: Pralia quanta tulit Saturno dicito iniquOy

^

;

Quid Ji reverfus ,Jam

f^iritm afforet Buchanani, nobile caUidi

Literulis larvas, fucos

No7i humili celehrare cantu ? decvi,

-,

reflituat

caduca Bricannis;

Hifpanum Scotum

dum

vocibus aufert,

^ divtfd Hirpe,

Britanaum

Hijlaria ut taceant, ilatuit ; fermonis amujji Albanii metas Briconis Cambrique refignans.

pulvere feu din Fwdata furgator repotiat. In Jiiperam referatque lucent. Sive lUe morfu teviporis iniprobo

Exefa fidd

i

:

Antiqua tellus, die, age, Scotia, gasOT defiinares Tu, fact It yirum Ornare verfu ; quern parares

Pofcit Cameenat

Reflitutt Scotis fublapfa

c^ Pidtis deperdita. Cornubienfis, Cantaber, e^ Scotus quam linguam agnojcit uterque^ Comparat Affines ferifus hac arte refolvenSy Et renovat furdis aures i^ lumina cacis. Linguas prifca loqui, cogit dum vera fateriy Celtis

Tentare ple&rum, priftinumque Ojficitim renovare chordis ?

Luidus priorum qui Britonum

Obliti hie primus vindex cantabitur avi.

Primus enim Cephilos Scotos, Pcphilofque Britanftat, Nojque notas Britonum fibilajfe ojlendit anhelas. {%) Mille alia invenit doff is celebranda

manu, ncudat

Cedite Banniades

j-.tque acer Interpres

•

Non vefira

Camwnis

cuprefTus, erica. '

Amicitia (^ Gratitudinis ergo CollinuE Campbell Ardchattanus PaSioty Lornenfis.

In veuiens renovata factum. lUe vocum exquirere origiues

She

Jjongo recurfu gejiiat, <^ fuo foiite deducat, redire veterem faciatque rtturt

A

Ad

Ad

atai,

tribuent Nepotes

;

Nojira fed furgat, Lhuidoque Mufa Servtet uni.

Serviet verfu memori recordans &uas vigil lap fas revocavit arteSy

Verba qua nigra catus ohfoleta Vindicat Oreo.

Temporis dentes hebttare novit Cura felicis Lhuidi ; refurgunt

Mortua

lingua, didicitque

vox

e-

Inflruitur, patriis ditefcitque

Banna, Benne aut Beannidhe altiores plerique Scoriae apud nos valet P Cambrobritannis j Cunde Scoti Cephili 6c p. 19.0.3. (i)

Anglia gemmit

-,

Inde loqui formata tuts ffirpe Celtica librit Exigit ad veterem rediviva vocabula normam Sjjualia perculfas penetrarunt Cafaris aures Mafcula verba, fuas audax Caratacus olim Cum caneret pugnas pleno mirante Senatu "Roma catenatum (^ tremeret ^eBare Britannum. At Tibi, quern fanilas patria inflaurare ruinas Urit amor, profugofque juvat revocare Penates, Qualia inornatus perfolvam pramia vates ? Hac voveo. Dnm faxa manent tua, lingua Britannis Dum fuafiat, miras Gens utraque pradicet artes Lhuide DoUe tuas, vivantque in marmore laudes.

mijfa revert/.

tiale

fittxit,

^

Non

Fraz-ier Eccl. Scot. Fresh.

firati tibi debet

Nomini feri

Auch.

mirari quarere Mufis. tua vulgares verfant molimina curas, Sed per rnaccejfof /rudax contendere caUes Mens avet, igriotafque in lucem protrahtt artts. Fama tibi e Si Iice exctiffa efl indagine doila. Arte tua hinc ?iitidis Domut Adimoleana lapillis

SoUieitis lictat

In Amiciffimi Viri E. L. Gloflographiam.

,

Brit.

tibi

luto

fama Luido, vendicantqut Ferpetuam flit fcripta laudem.

Stat

QUod recem

Virum £. Lhuidum Arch. infudit

^m

Andreas

ClariCT

prifcam U Parca Lhuide mentem, SESive natura novo pracordia

Ouamvis dolendo prejfa filentio Buckanam couticeat lyra,

Edvardus

Wynn

& Hiberniae montes

A- M.

appellantur.

& Briunni Pephili & S, H. )

Coll.

Jefu

(z)

Sec'.

C

ini-

Vide p.zo. c.x,a

;

Gan

;

;

R.

O

Ragad

j;u ini)-

6'c

e

!)•

Argraf geirbraf ar goeo, D»fg ole, dyfguilia >aucroct5 Eglyrder or amfer oe& \ Tur Hanclion Tyrnafoeb.

Yx,

Do

iu braint a'i bri

(Muya guaA

ymma

)

buij-jabh jiioc

aj-

anuaijh,

an chanamhuin chpuaijh bo bhi cean5a bhi cian paoi j;hei)aibh, bo cuipeabh leac a njlo jic j-eal. Tuigreach, j-aibhiji bo chcajafj,

Igcn mil a ganmola Xx. Aavyr doec, a^; Aivyr da.

Er cnnaint

uibniji.

Ghctbh cu pailce a Jcpiocliaibh Gtoidhil, 1)- e bo bheacha a Ntnn]e G*U: in ^ach cpiach piocja cumann, jheibh ru mola a Neirinn hall.

;

Vn hynod barod, byra, Pan belo poen rilys gyurcindra;

Prauv fiuruy;^, pryfyru-, yn Sev a;^ Guaic kyn I'n hiaic

na cjuij 5coiseabh,

):oj-

bo bheacha jan

fmtll

j-aoi

joilleip, cajibhach j-cimh bo ghloiji liunmhu)!, bpijhmhu)! bo )-hcan phoicail j-giamhach, -aicnambhach, ciallachm6p.

uifgi,

ni,

go^i.

Tabhaip mo bheannachb bo Maipiji Liarh bo bhuij-j le buaibh Focloiji fial bheip jach Gaoidkil bhuicfe beannachb,

Gucdi'r Yaic iaunuair inion, Kynatteb kaun etto'r arvcrion: Guyr Aydau geirie Auidion

:

:

ij"

Pallia rym Pezero'n. Dros Dirocb a Morocb maic, Y byo^, a byuiog vyvyriair :

Mcun Mae'n

O 'ch

a ;>;ariad

jiiir,

\x

\ix bennod

chuireadh na Rainnfa cuideachd le Mr. Eoin GhiUedin, Minifdir an Tfoifgeulfin Chriofd, Chilla Naoinein, ann a Muile, aon doileannuibh Inji Gdll a Nalbmnn.

ann a Neaglais

da gyvlur dig\^ ir

GuledyD

xui beynyS, Guedi y boen, i gidu byb.

A

i

Ir teachd

Edward Lhuid,

Vai'il oijibhejic Maishij-siji j-cub a

Noilcigh AthKdamh a Nfa^fatty Ujhbap a Nj^ocloiji Ghaoibheilg, Faike.

Feap coimheab cijh na

A Roiiert Caimpiel Feaji Fajiaicce

mhic Chailm

an Comhal cc. CEiIl);ai)i

j'oc

!)•

'sdo fliliochd

') culjiphaji

abhbha

a' n;c;iiiochuibh

^ach

em

ciuil ):aoi 7;hleur>

soibhin na Halban.

:

'mb|iiach|ia oilleinre beai)- J^hloji

nbamh a Nfay.on. mopbhachb faiji r|ieun jhniomh

nbpon;; chuip £/rf ):uibh

chpom

chio)'

aon bon chinncabh cheubchachach lib nco^bhail a ju)" go mhopchiu. A' n^niomh bo pognuibh 'maca lib ceif-aj- ap meub a mhemna b'jaf; maippionre buan a bhla&h

50

la

Luan bap

)

'Sni

's

fcarr a Ihaoi, blaidh briathrc liobhtha nai bcul.

Lan feadh'

is brigh' ler nochdfar hrinn Dc. chuir ann ylkjliah tur ? 's a OTJ5f/i/«"'f / thogbhail arois uir ? Nach c fo fein a ghluais, faghleis, o Luid, i.e tuigfe ghcir ler dtug Ic'n ceims a tcid Bhrigh bhcith na run ainm dheanamh cluiteach mor, Air feadh na ccriochfa 'n 'ndfuair na Gaoidhil coity Gu b'arahluidh bhios, 's gach neach do chi an lo Biodh tainmfa fgriobhth'na chroidhann litreach 6ir,'

Cia

fios 'nti

.'

le'

eij-

nchniiaf

a

bhai)--

Semus mkac Mkuir. Sajajic Chill Dalttdn c >e

's

sdcir fiad Je cheil, bhi Gaoidhsl ein nuair ann.

chaifreil calamh bom phiojujhbaip chomhmeiyce Ici)-; faoi ba bheochuibh a)i aif ojhuitn ceip na Gatheilg. Tomnab fjpobhche bha maiji bhuair, a chaoibhch 50 mbi alJabh a' faj-

Niop

caj;neachb a cheille

gniomh ampeann. budh ghloir don chleir

iiid le

;

Ghatheat.

alloill a' bh}-laicha)-

fliaor.

'sna Flaith' 'mbudh diith i,ghabh do cumhdach fpcis.' Rcic iad fan chuirt i, air caint uir o Nde, 's do threigle hair budh narleo ngcin'mhain fcin. Air far o Liath, biodh adh, is cuimhnu' is buaidh, DO rinn gu hiir a dulgadh as a huaimh. Gach neach 'ta fhreimh on G^<»w</^;/ghlcifta gharg 's gach droing don diith an chinaimhn lid mar chainr. Gach aoin do chinn, air treabh 'fair linne Scuit An duals is fiach thu, 'fcoir gu modad dhuit. On Bhannrigh inn air antras 'a bhfuil an crun, CO nuig an bochd, do naice nochd a ndiin. 'Bhi 'nainm 's a neuchd o linn na nceud an al Tre meath na Gaaidkeitg, dol a cuimhne chaicfa Nois alia 'ngniomh, chluinn criochafada thall

aicril chpuabhach jhpinn bo jhiol buabhach na mbpiochnach. Oiben lull a np)- na bhpiliachb a nopb j-cuibaiji na j-joiUeachb 'ca chaibbpa cumnibh ij- camh a

Sheancbaoi fos ; gach eoladhain on Eigkpht a nail,

Icgu tarbhach'LbhariudbriatbreDe. Si labhair Fadric 'nninfe Fail to. Riogh, 'san faighe caomhfin, Colum naumhtha 'n I. Na Francigh liobhtha 'lean gach tir a mbcus, o I na ndeori, ghabh a mfoghlum freimh. B'i bhoide muinte' Luchd gach duthch' is teangth' chuir Gaill is Dubhghaill chuic' an tiulfa 'nclonn Nois dhfolmhfi liainn gu tur, mo nuar 's mo chreach, 's tearc luchd a gaoil, b' e fud an fao'al fti fcach. Thuit i fann tur, maraon le hughdribh pfein,

fpeumh ton

aj

is

'san

canamhuin a bhi ba eafbhuibh. bhpojruibh fUb Matj^caiji Leob

Sgaile

DO bhi fi'ntuSjmundo thogcaint Dhuhhghall caxm Gach Fill's Bard, gach Leigh, Aoifdan, is Dra6i,

san Ghaoidhelg Igriobh iad Na diagh're m6r, budh chliu

A

')

'san chan'mhainthartrach, liobhtha,ghafta,ghrinn. ccuirc na Riogh, re mile bliadh'n is tr<fall,

Do thug Gathelm leis,

16;

nrabhaiji j^a n'beiii)iam jhub, canamhuin oji bheajic na nrciji lib; ajp bhi bhi o )-hean a mbpuib a )-5oileabh noij- o chuibhjieach. Lc cainc a bh|iuib}-ai|i ^ach jhicn, bheinchaiji abhjiabh son apb Rjogh reach ba pheabha)- ')• f ann a choji,

Do

a nfcleo

Druithnich

canratp ceol,

a'njiioj;hachb Eirion

on Spdin^do

(liliochd an Ghdoidkilghhis, na Miligh 'nthine nach budh uis Ygach fbd air cruas a nlann. Air Fil'gheachd f6s,'s air fiSghlum nach budh ghinn. Nuair a dhfas a mpor ud mor, a bhos is thall, 'fihi mcas is pris fa 'n Ghaotdhetlg ans gach ball A Teanga lionmhur, bhrioghmhur, bWafda, bhinn,

-^

Budh mhor

Don

haijimhaji.

Mc.

lair.

luyfuai-, u<ix lefianc

cliaji ria

Do

perigl cr miiyn pyruaic,

Guild;

Vx.

c lea-fa

bo bheacha a Fhccloip chaoimh, 5u cpichaibh ajib chlanna Gaoidhil-.

c.

Agus na chuimhn Beannachd

is

is failt,

gheibh tu choidhch uam fein lem chroidh', km laimh, 's lem 'bhcul.

In

:

:

::

:

In £. Luidii, Camhohrit. Diftionar. Scoto- Angl.

Anglum elinguem, Scotum nunc NuncVraclufos mceftave

i

luget lerna,

Kindhruyn, Kindhelu ae hanreg.

m

KEidavr

hutnyd huanwu Avch mavl, herd heb davl, heb Kcrd uchel an tatuel an tav, Nyt cafgerd cofgor dydilyav. O damn mavr mah duv dylyaf

'

^

foffor fudori, aut lajfm arator.

Kanavjon i<c\\i icirW cadeii Meigycn, 7iyt meigoU y kigleu

rependet honores,

Kynumyeit

:

i

mr wreidruyd a hruyfcav yn rot w yd j Ebediv gur briv brav dygvyd, Tn dyd bt-vydyr rac bronn y arglvyd. Ny thai gvyr powys penn reith Ar gym ry gan gymryt agkyfreith Ny

c

C.

ymma yn uag, Kimc- Wedy Aau, am Ueligordhe a Breinie Wedy

reliu or tydalen,

Englinion rhag Pouys. Kindhelu Brtdydh maur ae kanc, ynghylA: ru;e ir

1

vluydhyn

i

i6o.

:

Am

Blaenyed kunyed Kadellyng. Tnde& uclygorb tndar

Or dhmug

(

Tr^hiryon tigeb orvoleb, Ny Araru tijjir tajneveb. Dcgued yu am clyu om clyd cyrbaun Kerb keintor kanys yaun Toryv ijgun yygnaut ij; fthaerniaun, Taryv jiag kad Kuk«>.yryau». :

Ynbegved auen ynbegved vin nhij;ed

Om guaud rann om bann om barbged, O n^Z wzIk o veitA;ion Gtued. Deybegved amgen amgeinuiu Garthan, gyrth rj:;uan pag gnactvriu Hyby 1 guir or gur ni idiu, Hil Gyryaet 'jgoeu i)-guydvriu. Tnbeb yu ar beg abigaun Rhag kl6d in jiagot pagor baun :

A

;

vreint ae rywySy

y

Kynnedyf yvch lowys bamouneth, gorjaf aveh ^orjed na hei gaet'h: Glyv gvythuavr gv rthodvch chwt etwaeth, Gvrthodes rywyr ri thyllyaeth. Ky7inedyf yr drei^ 'jeu uegys dragon

:

ly;t:lamm yly;i;lab eftraun, gij;hy vuyruyr Fynidiaun.

Peduareb ar beg arbynianc geif arbyrnuaud diattrcg

vrav.f

:

ny gedinynt gedyrn,

Avch

Aauen doryv amgoryv amgivrdan, Aavrobion Aovribyed Garthan. Nouved i [lived puybueb Y5 ^hivrajk kynu by trajk y trojjeb

Fau

gy?.'t

Na ho tro tramiiy g yiiarchiueL Na bo caeth na ho care, dychiuel.

:

i

Flamm

medgyrn gredyf heyrn

g-vyr medueith

:

Gurb vybm veibied teubor, Guyr Ueirnyon guryd diaA;or. Uycved liiyc ginuyc ginuan

Auyb auenyb

Kynnedyf

efneit med'Cfuyn greit

clrjjae.'' na ckaer bowys Kynnedyf y Liowys bejin ymadravd Gvyr uch gvinvvt eurgymlavd Tn neb llys yn .veb lie anhaid Nat ef dav ar eu llav llet cavd. Kynnedyf y b(5V7ys kyn ojfot Tn aer yn aros iti rac tot Tmblaen cadeu ctMv aruot, Ac yn ol dtwedwy r dyuot. Kynnedyf y bowys banel Ar dremyn y der uyn diogel

XueAied acrygar acraon KaduaKon ail Aubyon Aavyn ry&yon Kivneuid erinc arvogyon, Kmvtnyed kynyed Kaer Eillyon. Seicved uehgorb olcugor Tros uaud i traecod traecicor

deuis givlavan

ydyuu dioval

T "uirthot at/not annedyf, O greulann o greulavn gy7ifiedyf.

Rann y Rann y

Om

i

anreith.

Gvyl bent an am dan am deyrn. Kynnedyf y aergun argoetiuys Werin a luararut rac LLoegyr-wys

:

.-

debyv,

traean

anre.'th

Giuyllyed

uoauj

Peduareb uehgorb pedueryb Molaud, molav y lyn ae derAy& Maur doryv daryv givaryv giucicyb, Madogyon Madog Elj'j'IAyb. Pymmeb uehgorb pymhedran kerb kentor m i bann Aeruyr gaur arnod vaur varan, Arodion kreylon pag crey Ian.

I

trij.i

Kyfaruot kyfaruogyon dttedyf •

O

bluj; blaengar LLoegyr Aeibied Aovrybied Aa^iar, Toruerthyaun y byrtliyo ej-gar. trais

O

:

treiil trylcv dioleith,

Anrec anryded kyfartal i Ermyded tervyn teyrnualy Eur hybarch hebavc a btial Buant kyt yggryt yggredyf

KIvarA;av

y Byu, kivarA; baun Volianc i viloeb enwogaun Ayrdor;i;og var^og ueu/; agkraun, Eryr guyr gueligorb Leijfyaun. Ail ueligors vaur veirb ueAyj peir;j ar vij; girveirA; ar veigirvyj Blei&en toryv tervysk biecyj,

tkeltr

Breifc

Amicitiic iy Obfervantia ergo

O Flalierti

ityneuavt oleu,

Kynnyd'iuys brenhined hreinheu.

Dona Britannorum reddere lerna nequit Patricio ilia fidcm nam debuit ante Britanno j Debebit Xm^'xm fera^ BritannCi Tibi.

Gan Vod

dull kynhelv kynheiljaf gerdfu bleideu blaengi'vaf^ gaium kerdoryon kanaf.

O O

Secula quofque negant Jioftra, futtira dabunt. Jtlunere fi certet^ -vicit gens Cafllvelauni j

Rodericus

duyllav

Ar delv

Nee fngit nifi qui Lexicon ipji facit. Vnde feres tanto dignas molimine grates ? Vel qua fmt meritis dona paranda tuis ?

gem grata

:

Breanie Pouys ol skrivenydhieth y i^vyr Kd>c oHergcft.

iratam matrem fed ludit uterque. Nee linguam hie pri/cam, nee frobat ille novam. Arbiter him veterem renovandi Camber honorem Arripit; <^ mutos fuadet utramque loaui. S)uam fuit innumerat labor improbut ordine -voces reddere cuique fintim Cogere, Saxonicum

SciiUet leternos

:

Kinnytid Kiwiigyn o Giveg,

Filiiu

Non JiietHS

:

I

conqueritur

aures

:

Berth uy horthy?it aneduon Tn eu byv ar eu r; iv rydyon, :

.

:

Na

rennit ramieu ky rmydyon.

Kynnedyf a

Ar

ivart rvt

goet nyt arget

Nai gouvy gordvy

i

y werm

wt bardrin gordin

w< t

Goual tal teledic bn vhin. Kynnedyf ir ketivy r ket yfgein Tveird katiueilch hei, 'd hard ytuetn Eilgverth gvarth gvi 'thodes KynrL-iii. Eil gormeil germes g ylch Riein. Gvrthodvcb avch c am Kenedloed Powys, peues kyrd a (hyhoed Glyv kyrchuavr, kyltl rynueirch nyt oed^ Guyl hebavc heboch n eut adoed. Nyt adoed vyn da' 'jn yn ouer ;

Om gvlat am gwledic Nym gvna tro treigyl Nym tzyli pvyli

pan

y.

ae dirper

:

ueird un amjer

m

kyuarchtr.

Gvjyr Powys pobyl dijgyjjin Cat or llatues orlla-we tt fedeir Kynnedyf kadv kadyr iirden Ardec yrdugar.t oueigr. ». :

;

AT Y KYMRY. GAN

birvod immi rgrivcny in i Alvyr imma, at Uyr Kernlu, m u hen Gerulueg, a hcvyd at ir Euerdhoji ag Tcheldir \x Alhan, in Uydheleg ; ir idui 'ii gucled vi hyn jiuimcdig byd, ond er muyn parA; ag anjudeb) anner^: y Kimry in in fnid er Tixos asenjicidiol in hiaic in hyncn ; ag i givatcv evo 'r hen Dhiarebuyr, mai Guedi treiglo fob trev. Teg yu edryx tvag adrtv. Ond pag ir Aicrcnne dieicr, a'r j-grivenisiec anarvcrol imma \x. jiuyftro ; bi&cd giiiu gennyj; kyn mind ym hcAs;;;, edry^; fain i Aicrenne urr y n6d imma. * A A;aa nad iduyv la kymcryd arnav odyrdod in i byd i fcijgy i guyoor i rai erJA, ond gadel paub iu jgrivennitjicc i hynen, veAy, ir iduy 'n deifiv ir yn pibid; ag yn gobeicio na xi\ mo'm barny gan y Diigedig in bigij^or, am beuij' vi Aicrennc. Nid yu hinny vuy jiisid nag a gimmerob pob Kimro a j-grivcnob in ir yn f orb ; ag nid oej- yn iaic ara>i a arvcrir i )krivcny na oarvy neuid yn vmy^; nalA ai i Aycrcne, ai j-ain y Aycrcne, ai p6b yn o'r

m

drigolion

i

i

bay. Xui a bit>in\\x in ne^ire 'r Aivyr mat nid er bai ar )krivenibiec gl)-rcdin i Gimraeg a'r Guybeleg &c. a fkrivennuyd hen leicoeb i Aivyr imma a Guy&or neiAdyol ; ond am vod i geine in puiba^: vcAy, ag in biroca;^ ir SaefoK a dicirred eriA na di)-gy'r uybor Gimraeg, a'r yn Lidaueg a'r Uybeleg. Kanyj- mac Aauer o uyr di)'kcdig truy Loegar a cirnaj- Fraingl, ag ym mhlic ir Elhmyn, a guyr Atzlyn 'uiAij-gar i uybod ki)-)-ondsb i Gimraeg a iccoeb eriA j er bod in 6 anob gancynt bifky (val Plantj i Guybor o neuyb gan govio 'n uaftad fain neuidiol i Airrcne. VeAy er bod ttxo]- aj;cnpeidiol am i Skrivenibiec h5no in i vie i byd yu harvery mcun Aivyr Kimraeg ac gaA paub gadu'r uybor gif redin ne Livyr a hun, nid oej' Il/CO]yn ir Atro dij-kcdig Davydh Dhy o Hiradhig, yn Dr. Gryfydh Roberts, Dr. J. Davydh Rhys ne yn Mr. Henri Salesbury 8cc. j-grivenioiec bresenoi vi pepme am i harvery idynt j in gmta cr muyn ady neuibiad hen Aicrcnne'r Britanied ag veAy guneicyr i Skrivnade Brithoneg hma ag fyb, in vuy kinevin ag in hau)- i darAcn. i. Er muyn j-ain priod anuahanedig i bob piu lyn, ne bob pir Aiciren. 5. Er muyn skriveny nej" at laveryb, ne barabl y geirie, megif 1 mae 'n ajenpeidiol ag arverol agof bob oef, im mhob iair araA. 4. Er Kimmeryd immec edliuiad 1 Saefin 3 A;enhedloeb eriA am in bod in dubly Aicrennc ne;ttre Geirie, ag er muyn tyeby yn nej- at ir lounj-krivnibiec muya Kij^redinol. Ag in biuaeca er muyn Aai koj-c argrafy 1 Aivre a gihoebir in RhtdtKen. Ir hen httrene a adntmdir ima, idynt b, p, 5, 1 binod, p, j-, c, <z u in Ae a>. A'r jiai hyn a gevejr i, in viny;i nid in ynig ar gerig, in amryu levyb yj Himry, end hevyd meun hen livre ar gruyn hivrod i meg!]- a da^hoj-ej- in helaeca;>; in neAJreyad Gramadeg laith Kerniu, agin niued p. an. Ond er bod ir )iain ir yn Aicrcne etto ni arvcrir mo honynt ima, ond bob yn meun ^njain in uaj-tado], Ae maegancynt in ir hen livre ueitie bay ne dri ag ueirie ragor, val a gueluA; brovedig druy 'fample in ir yn Gramadeg. z. Urc f^infriod anuahanedig fob xyÂť xjtiren, vi mebul idiu, a dile vod Elven ne Liciren neiAdyol am bob fain neiAdyol j ag am hmny vod ueA Gramadeg Guyr Groeg am )'griveny x^ <p, \. a i, na Guyr Rhyven ag eriA a arverynt in Ac'r heini ch, pb, rh, a th Kanys muy kij-on buedyd, ne skriveny meun Gramadeg in bod in kivneuid Airiren am liriren araA gidfciniol ibi, megi)' kany xany, telyn [celyn] &c. na'n bod yn troi yn hciren in buy, urc j-gnveny Chany a thelyii. 3. Skmeny in nes at fain i Geirie idiu pan jkrivcnir, ac achau De/;re in >.eDechreu, Krygmorin Ae Crucmawr; Kadualadaram Gadiualadr SiC. A;te [ne a/:x] Mi a tin vod jiai GuVr Difkcdig in erbyn hyn ; ond gan nad oes aAios gancynt amgen na Aiadu 1 viny 'r hen arver, cv a aA paub uneiryr val a vinno o blegid nid hen Uybor Gimraeg idiu'r Uybor gifredin val a daj;hoj-e)- in uahanrcdol 15 Gramadeg laith Kerniu ; ag hevyd nid kanmoladuy ped vae hi hen, gmnal skiivenibier 1 byd ajhivattcbol i leveryb 1 Geirie. Ag am hmny, y mae Guyr Fraingk yn biueoar, guedi skriveny hir-inwrverai hen forb ; nef o lauer at )"iin y geirie, a'r yn pec hevyd a CAir 1 buedyd am y Saeyneg ag arariu Icicoed ereiA. 4. Nid arver hen iaun Piuaic oe& dubly na d nag /, nag Âť j a >,an nad gueby)- hyn gan y pai yy'n a^hinevin a'n hiiic, gueA y tebigun i, jknvcny yn liciren neiAdyol droj- bob yn, ag o blegid nad oej- ond yn mic o /, in ir hen Gimraeg a'r Aadin mi a uelej- in ba vcncikio a o uybor 1 Groegied ag X hcvyd am ir yn ixo^ ; Kanys Ae bo eifie Airrenne, nid louna^; i kimeryd nag o'r lair debika 1 geirie ; ag ni un i vod y Gimraeg ("a'r Uydeleg ) in tytby at yn laic nej- nag at y Groeg. Mi abeuij-C)- hevyd skriveny u yn acw, in 61 1 uybor hina in 1 Gimraeg a'r yn Uydeleg ; ag hevyd yn 61 fain ir u, 1 Aadin im mh6b Gulad dramor. y. Gan vod ir henAicrene ima in Argrafdy RhidiA;en eipy, ve vibc Aai koj-c argrafy i )-orb ima nag meun Aicrenne o'r yn meimioli in 1 forb arveredigj o heruyb vod pob fit val hyn in Kinuy)- Aauer muy o cirie. Gan na barvy in ni er j-aic oc)- ne liyc arvery 'r hen Airrenc imma, a x;an vod Guyr Aoegar guedi argrafy biuebar imbeA livyr o'r hen Saefneg, mz'jm, ymacntin i holi, a /iuedi [loi enu Atthrenne Seijhig arnynt. O'r pare araA mac 'r Guydhelod gan i bod immhob oej", ag etto hyd ir aur hon, in i harvery 10 dadly mai Aicrcnne Guybelig oebynt ar 1 kinta, a >ian iu kcnedl nhu banvon Aauer o uyr krcvidbol i brcgecy 'r Evcjil ir hen Saefon, ir amfer hunnu mebant buy a difgaj-ant hevyd I'r Sacfon jgrivenny. Ni AjribuyAob neb o'r buy Gcnedl imma vod ir hen Vritannied hevyd, in arvery'r yn Aicrenne hyd yn biucbar iaun, Audur y pcj'cer Aivre Goglebig y pagimadrob Aadin o vlaen i livyr, guedi kivneuid am vi, imbeA Licyr ; o blegid ibo e gliued imi buedyd vod gucA haul inni o'r Aicrenne hinny nag ir Satfon na'r Guybelod. Y kubul 1 mae c ino guedi fgrivenny ydyu, na barvy i'r hen Saefin berbyn 1 Aicrenne imma nag obiurc 1 Guybelob nagodiurc y Bntannied, ond gan Auflm Vina^:; 1 pec jy' gipal a pe duetj-e, mai obiurc ir hen Sacjun a difgob i Briianied a'r Guybelod 1 kivriu Licrcne, a hyn 1 mae'r Pcndevig fmegij- ped bigon ) in i vanegy heb vod guiu ganco aai gadarnhay druy hen Odyrdod na Piinnig i rejimme vae i air i hynan j heb gimcryd arno immi 'j-grivenny atto ev vod 1 Aicrenne hinny iu gueled cito in Eglu>r Aan Gadualadar im Mon ar vaen skriven Kadvan vrenin Guyneb j a bod Kadvan in piveia in erbyn 1 i>aefon

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ch,ti dh, y W,

3

ng,

i

dhinod y

m

y gau Fydhlon, &c. d z

a Q.

p rh,

f

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z

th.

u '^yu waftad,

v/ ag

)

AT

KYMRY.

Y

ag Auftin Vuua; ig uaic Bangor ij- 1 koed. Argol o'r yn vac Vonebigei&ruy& hevyd a Dibarciad, a saghorob audur Eyrgron ir leicoeb Gogle&ig, gan deiry mai hen Livre Scijnig idiu 'r jkrivlivre in /ivrgron Rhidi;ten a henuej- i, in i Mvyr ima p. zz6. er bod amhopbl na uy&e urc i geirie jiijofedig mai Briconeg oe&ynt ; kanyr er nad idiu in dei^ na Ximraeg na Guybeleg, ev a uy&e nad oeb i geirie hinny na hen Sacjneg na Ai;tlineg na Normancg ; ag i mae ev hevyd meun mkn araA o'ir yn Aivyr in kiva&ev a pernne yn o honynt gyot i Egluyr Aan Dav. Ni Xrihuyi^ey am hyn in i pagimadrob Sei)-nig, pag kinhirvy muy bar a Aid nag a dale 'r vac ^uiuledrad ; ond mi a gihoe&e)- 1 baub, gan tajoj- i nod, i buy a percine'r da. a'r Guybelod in Griftnogion nid in ynig oefoeb kyn amj-er 1 kinta hevyd, ev a uybe o'r gore 'n bod ni Au)-cin Viaaz ond hevyd kyn divod neb o gcnedl i Saeyon t'r Ynyj- j ag am hinny vod gennim /icrenne nad oeb Aicreniie Aadin gan i Britannied kyn am)-er Krcd. Ev a amme ibo ev Ic nid ocb Ag o'r blaen. Tacitus, dharvodi Agricola gyvieryd lAaj-e barren in Juvetial, Gallia caujidicos docuit facunda Britaxnos^ ag gox'al eim rot Vyfgeidielh i leibion Dylidogion y Brytaimied gan ueled i bod yn vuy kyvadhas i dhyjgy, ag yn (^c. a hinny in ne;iireyad ir ail oej- o anedigec in HiaA;audmge»az i donme at athrauteth no. Giiyr Gallia Gfencdl Guydur ; ag ni bier i Saefon ir Iny)- hyd biueb i pymmeb, in amfer Gurtheirn Gurthe7ie. belod 1 Uerbon ni ;Kirhae&ob arve Rhyven mo honynt; ag veAy mae 'n eglyr mai or tair kenedl, nini a gavob ginta Aby)k Aicirol a moe^e dinaj-ol ; ag o ble a kae'r AeiA nhu ginta, ond obiurc i kimdogion a cngolion ir yn Guledyb. Mi a im cifi)- atteb i Guybelod: Nid amgen nag a medre Avergin vab Mil tl^aiue a baec evo'r kinta o Genedl ir Tfguidied ir Euerbon in amfer Seliv dhoeth jkrivcnny'r yn Aau ag a arverant etto; ond vc I'lyr paub vod amhopbl uybod hinny j a pob giir dij-gedig a uyr hevyd nad oes uybodec hij-by)- in i byd am drigolion ir lni)oeb imma na'r Barbaricd eriA o Europ, hma^iina Sgriv'nade 'r i Siefon ni barvy i neb o honynt, am a iin i ginnig provedigec a medre yn Groegied a'r Rhyveinied. Ond bibcd hinny val i vmno, ^n peth fy& raid ir Saejon oi Kenedl barAen pan baccant ginta ir Dirna)-. a'r Guybelod a nmne hevyd gidnabod yj; hy\x ir hen Uybor imma; nid amgen na darvod i riu buy Gekadu nid in ini;; ir yn Aycrenne, ond hevyd ir yn nedl i dif gy obiurc i dridyb i oblegid vod pob yn Ir yn Aicrenne meba i, oblegid nid arvere'r hen Saefon muy na ninne ("val i guelun in fain ir Aycrenne. k, j, ag x ; ag ni arvera'r Guybelod mo eriA livre i Aicrenne amriu ag u Evcjil a argrafob Fr. Junius honynt etto. BeAa;^ mac 'n hijbyy nad aAen ni a vedren yknvenny er amjer Tacitus, adel in Aicrenne er muyn arvery Aicrenne 'r Saej-on veAy naiA ai nini a biygob ir Saefon a'r Guybelod, ne'r Guybelod ai biygob nhu a ninne. Or Guybelod an dijgob ni, ir oeb Aicrenne Aadin gancynt kyn divod i Rhiveinuyr i dij-tiolaecy, gan nad oej- gancynt Skrivnade i byd ybynt inyj- Bryden ; ond pec idyu hynny nad oey le nag ar vemrun nag ar gerig, nag ar hen evydh nag arian, obiar beyparc ir amjer at lyl Kaefar j a fet na i Britannied ni a aAun haub brovi fkanys mae di>;redir vyc, er y deiry heb na jieol na pefum. gon o olevmag j vod Aicrenne gancynt in ginharaA; nag amfer Juvenal a Thacitus o heruyb mi a uelcf la ir arno, er amjer Imherodr Bericus\ ai enu Claudius : Ag i mae hevyd biucbar bryA o krian Beray. [ne enu KajuaAon Tiuyfog i Britannied a imlabob ag lyl Kaefar, hcblau Aauer na)- guybyj- moi hamrai eriA j-er. Ag veAy ni ucla i'n brefennol, le 'n i byd i amme nad gancon ni, guedi in ni (val irarverir urc j-grivcnny) neuid imbeA liciren y kab i Guybelod in ginta 'r hen uybor imma ; a darvod ir Saefon dair oer ne beder in vuy diuebar i di)-ky gancon ni a A;an i Guybelod. Pe bijjcnt in dij-ky gan Auj-tin huy a viyj-ent in arvery q ag x, in ol devod Guyr ir Eidal a'r Freniguyr; ag in poi naiA ai jain s ai ch ir liciren f, Ag nid oej- gan bim lu Aiuanegy at hyn ar 61 * ag « &c. i pec ni unaecont hyd amj-er y Normannied.

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i

yn

brcj-ennol 15 hyl;;; hen Aycrenne'r Britannied. pec nej-a a biyguilir mae'n dcbigol immi ej-gifodi vi hynan am dano, idyu'r hir amj-er er pan beAjrcyey Nid oej- gan i vaur i buedyd 1 dair ginta, i Gimry, heb j-grivenny ^n Aivyr ond hun, ag yn Aadm in 8°. am hinny, ond bod in arverol im mh6b Gulad ag amj-er, vuru bai ammal ar y Saul a gimerant arn>nt in bod hevyd ueicie uyr guebol boncbigcb gihoebedig, ryu orA;uyl anarverol, oni f rij-yrant lu orfcn. barny 'n ehyd ; naiA ai o heruyb di^migion anpej-imol pai eriA, ai eipe guybod eica 'r izofion. Nid gruydro nag mor vanul, na cruy'r hoA uledyb a deicio, pan beA;rcicjag ni abauejoeb in vim mryd i, zuaic vi mebul nam habeuid skrivenny guaic kyn helaeced bym incynt, nag agof gihyd amj-er ag a byb hun bruy euyAy)- ir Argluyb kyn i biueb; na A;ymefyd degum 1 dravel a gimerej- urc y Silvaen BeAaA; o)- treilie)- i vuy o amj-er ag arrian in travaelio er muyn kael gucA hij-piyne'r Aivyr kinta imma.

Y

m

A

m

m

:

Na

ruyb a guybodec ; ag oy kimmerey vuy o bocn i bij^ky immi vy hynan, ag i gihoebi i baub araA ir leicoeb ajenpeidiol, nag oeb vi abeuid ; ir oebun i'n goboeicio, ag ir idui etto, bee bmnag am biolA;, na xi\xa puy binnag a edri^ij: in 1 balen gmta o Ragimadrob ir amjer vaur geryb gan Vonbigion Ktmry. Geirlivir y guir-bij'gedig aero Dr. Davies ag a govia at hinny leied kimmorc a gever i gan eriA {o bieicr i vaur amyer i vod in I livyr o'n inig j in hyn o uaic, ev a uel mae'n dcbigol na A;evejpy jegyr i peder nhirnaj- Fraink. Oj- by'r Kij-fodyb in py anniben guedi hjnny blyneb kinta, ar 61 bi/iuelyd adre o Lidau oheruyb vod guaic pai criA tan i buylo ir yn amjer nid arna i, (oblegid nad oeb gen i odyrdod in i byd harver idyu gimeryd muya a gaAant meun Aau, jiag eiyie Guaic ne arrian, ag er ir oeb 1 bai hiinnu. muyn kadu Gueicuyr eriA aAan oi Hargrafdy ; a gadel 1 Guaic a vinnant a berciuo i Ij-kolheigion in 61, Aivruyr guaj-neicy Aynden ; oni xant i buguc gan ipai j-yb ag Odyrdod gancynt yu troi oi sOy&. muyn er Ag o\ axuyna eriA urc 1 pcini, ni arbedant deiry anuireb yu heygij-odi, ai byb ai helu yu, bod i gid ir

Am

:

m

Y

m

yn

A;uedel.

Ir idui 'n

Kivabe

a

bij-j-e lai prij- ir

Guyr

Kij^redin druy Gimry a

'x.erviu a'r

FMndhon

a'r

Alban pe bij-

am bob laic meun Aivyr neiAdyol ag in kidnabod hevyd a bij-je hmny OrA;uyl acj eyol Ond yn Aej'j-ad a vijj-e hinny, ag yn araA oni ^amgimerej- i, a'r Guf r Diskedig am kijhorob, idyu Kimhary'r leicocd hma 'n inyj- Briden. Kanyj- druy gydojod a A;ijtadly'r geirie, a keir la guraib ai haruybokad in ir hen livre ; a nej" o lauer a fvoxx^x idyu'r j:orb imvinyAi ucA hi)pij-ruyb am ma buybmnag a xvizvaxo jgrivcnny Geirlivr dij-kedig helaec am yn bynnag o'rieicoec imma. Hevyd

yun

in jgrivenny

im mh6b

;

gulad.

i

1

henue) nid ir Kijeredin a j-krivcnnuyd 1 Aivyr ond er arA; pai o'r guyr penna 15 Himrj^ a Aauer o Bendevigion Diskedig Aoegar a A;ueni^cnt gimhary Guybeleg, Kerniueg, a Aidaueg evo leicoeb cri^ gift^l ^'f Giraraeg. uyr Kern'u a Aidau er i bod yj; himyj^k a Saej'on a Frankod mae i hiaic in dajjoj- val a guelu;*; in eglyr in 1 Aivyr imma mai hen Vritannicd idynt ; ond x\i\ a rivcbu;^ in biamme vod kinnivcr o eirie Mae day zxof am hinny megiy 1 mae 'n dieicr heblau 'r laic Vnconeg 15 Uybeleg ir Alban a'r Uerdhon. debigol gan i; kanyj- nid ocj- odyrdod Iftoriae na mob araA ond kimhary'r leicoeb 1 uybod 1 Guirioneb. gittrevedig [ne genedl Vrodorion ir Euerbon gydvyA;ebol hen Guydhtlod a Skuydied. Duy oeb In ginca ] VeAy Ae maent 1 Guybelod hen Drigolion yr Inyj- imma oebynt, a'r Skuidied a baecant o'r TJpaen. kittyno a nini ner Brycon eriA, Guybeleg yu'r geirie ; ag am 1 acIa naiA ai Guybhcleg hevyd a goAaj-otn (vel

1

guelu;t urc

t

Am

:

Am m

idynt.

i

AT

K

I

R

iM

I

1r.

hen Sguydiec. Vi Ay ir axoy araA yu, barvod ir Kimry a guyr Kerniu a AidaU goAi per oi hen lair, gan bod dro[- ago)- bym kan mhlincs, fcv o amfcr /;/ K^nfar i Valentitiian i tridys dan liuodra-.r guyr Rhyven; mcgi))un ginia o'r Aivyr imma; (ij ag urr hyn, Aaucroi baghoj-c)- in uahanrcdol, in Geirie ir idym m uclcd in bicicr, a aAint vud hen Vnconcg in 61 i jjm; Ic a fgrivcnncj- p. 7. col ci nad idym in iiadnaboii. 1 Gu)t>clod imma hcvyd a vyont in ir hen Otj'.jc& V'rodonon Aocgar a Ximry, '11 givanifcrol, ai pob yn or bay, ni cAir morducdyd; end icbika oa in vi mcDul pryn ai kyn in liuad ni ai ag in jiicni ni i, i bod nhu imma kyn in dividiad ni ir Inyf dehol o am)cr amj-er, ai girry ar fo ir Gogkb ; ag mai o Gintir ir Alban ( Ac nad ocj' ond liyc mhiAcir o vor ) ag o dir Gafuy ag Yvys F<77/<7« ir aerant ir 'Qcr&on, mcgiy a di;);ucla) ant i pirn honj in 61 ag im mlacn, in vinyA;. Ag n'd o br/.aA; a dcicaiic ir Inyy ima, njg o Ga//ia o'r Ciulcdyd a cluiriri'ian Tirna;- Frai;!;k, ir Ijcldir, ar !) cAmyn. BcAa,>; gan immi adros 1 kivriu xucd\c na ;tribuyAo!D iicb am danyn: o'r bljcn j nid amgcn na bod, in ginra, hen vrodorion ir Euerbon m Gcncdl tuynu ; Guy&clod a SgU)di;d. Yn ail mai ur hen Vricon £nc 'r Bricannied] a hanob iGuytclod; a'r Sguyditd o'r Ij-pacn. Yn dndyb v( d Cuiybelod in trigo in ir hen oefcet) in Aocgar a Ximry, gijtal ag in Goglcb, Ac maent ctto ij; himmyj k a Skuydicd a Siefon. Gaf/ia ociD Aocgar Ag in beducryb mai Biodorion Ciuybclod a Ximry, kyn i divod irJn))- imma. Gan immi vod nior hv, m^bai, a yknvcnny'r vac Neui&ion, a yAVibtv nad oej- mor odyrdoj skrivnedig am danynt, 1 mae'n bi cdyy arna i, bagoj- vi jiejimme, a hinny, gan nad ocy ini Ai-yr imma ond ac kivij;, ar vyr eirie. Ir idui gucdi provi cifij' in helaec in 1 pan ginta a'r ail o'r Aivyr ima, vod in hiaic ni in kittyno ar naiA ran oi hiaic nhu agyn y Gramadcg Guybclcg p;ui a uclu;^ hcvyd, vod tycbiad nc natynec 1 h.aic nhu gan ncuid Airrcnnci in ncA;re'r geirie &c. in gi) )'on ir Gimraeg. Ag mcgiy a kevey guedi i kydij-tiiicd, 1 naiA ran in givatrcbol ir Gimraeg ; vcAy druy barAcn i Tcytamenc Ncuyb, a pai pippyre a gcvey gan 1 Mcbig dijgedig Dr. Edrt.ird Brown, skrivnedig m laic Kintavried, mi a gevcy uybodec bigonol mai hen l|-p.ieneg ocb pan araA. Kanyy er bod Aauer o'r hen laic honno, in ir yn brejcnnol j etro muy k.diiedig idyu hi o lauer gan 1 Kmtavried (z). BiAaA; ir a;i;ojam alu 1 Gucrbonuyr Brironig, in Vydkelod, a jui 'r Ijpaen in Skuidied-, idyu am vod ir hen iivre KimGuydhyl Fichtied ; a hen Vrtthon ocb 1 Pi&ied in biamme, megiy mac 'n cglir reig in gaiu'r Piflied, fheblau 1 henue Aadin a Guybeleg, (5) urc enuc'r Avon'.b ar minitocb in lyeldir ir Alban Ae 'r (cbync prcyuylio. Ag ino mae'n dcbigol maenc etto, fcr koAi i hiaicj im mhlic draylic a'r Skuidied, Brtthon Am alu Gtterdkonkd ir lypaen in Skuidied^ nid Jfirad K/uyd, ir hen Saefon, 1 Aiyjmiiyr, a'r Normanied. oey eij-ie Odyrdod Kanyy Kin Scuit i maenc y hyncn in uajfadol, in gaiu'r Kyudouduyr a bacc^nt o'r lypaen. Nid paid diicdyu bim pe>aA: am 1 Guy^elod; ag am Skuidied nid ocy eiyie ond Kimhary 'r hen lypaeneg a'r Uerboneg brejennol 1 pec nid eAir imma, ond in ir i.idig cirie yyb in k^nlyn Ae mae'r Sku:idynt,

at

i

i

ii

i

i

i

1

i

:

i

1

1

;

1

i

1

1

1

m

1

:,

1

Kmtazreg

diaic in ginta, a'r

ar 61

1

Gimraeg.

A,acha, Tiip,Kloguyn, Klaudh; Acha, Kraig. Adhark, Kor7i ; Adarra, Koni a changen. jAghartha, Bydhar; Gor, Gothor.

C— ailleach,

Aile, Kui'tdh , Ahal, ahalquc. Aimeis Aivrneis] Guartheg; Avre, abrec. f Alga,B(7»W^/g; Algo. Edr.y GeirlivrGuydheleg. Aodhaire, Bigel ; Arza. Ardi, Davad. ] Ao\\,Savan ; Ahol,aholic. A/a/'. 4,4; ii,3+; I'tyiifAon, Da, rhagarol ; On I

•

Ar, Xn—nii ure,

giire.

Ar [ar] Galanas; Hara, hcri. ASl. 8, Arcoir, Agos, Ktmtdog; Hurco. Aras [atheras] Ty, Teilad , Ecchcra. Arfai',

Hen

^aharrai.

;

& arcan,

Arc

ja.

Porchelh

Afaith, Digon

-,

Urrun, Mochyn. Mat-

8

Afto.

;

O

Balla, Pe»^/o^

od, os

Bull

;

Mammeth;

Banailte,

:

;

;

Baguft.

Beguia

Baldin.

Bui— hegar. Mat. 17. 3^. Ban!i;u, Ballitu.

Beach, Beichm, Guenynen Abechon, Hifi. Beas, Lhau PI. Bethe. Beat, r<hydig. Pl.q Batzu Biorach [Biogharach] A-nner ne Refer dhuyvluydh Bigaren Tr atl ; a Hefer hrjyd. riebr. 913. -^

t

Birtaii,

Ar

vyrder,

yn vyan

,

Bertan,

yn

-vyan

&

;

(ij ir

OBS. XXIII. Tjpaen.

[i,)

&

[&

'ada'] Ejlyn,

Hcda.

Fearrya earrya [Feardha] Gitrriu ; Arra. Fohraich, Kyvlog Sariac. Fid. F— S. p.ia. c. i. Gach, Pob, 61h ; Gucia. Gadaidhe, Lheidir ; Gaichti. fGaoi, Keluydh\ Gue, gueguric. Gazrach,Po^«/; Gerdetze. ^aio'r LbadinQtme. Ger, Syr, ckuibl:, Garraza. Ghaire, [yaire] zuerthin ; B—zne, Irri. Ghcarg, Ko'k ; Gorria. Gheunav, Guneithyr; Eguin. Ghocar [Docar] Anodk; Gogorra. Gigilr, Goglais

;

Kigli, Killi, quilli.

Goirrige [oirle] Invyd j

lar [iar] ar 61

Itheadh Buyta

huyppyn.

Brck, SrtfA, Bragado, Eidion brith. Hifp. Br6g, Efgid; Abarca, Efgid bren^c. Hifp. Bru— ac* Bre— oc^., K»r, Tervyn ; Berere. t Brugh, Tre'v Burgua.

in

[

•

idyu Lhygad. bal,

;

&

Avail, Ange; Hivil, Hil. Bacadh, baca', Gueled, Edrych

Ar

;

Cealg, [CeilginJ r«y^j Celaten. Cean, Pen ; Game, meun Geirie KyJJylhtedig. Ceard, Eyrych; Accnero HiJ> Ce6, Niu/ Kca quca] Mug. Cia, |_Cia an] Puy ; Ceinen, Ceinec. Ciocar, Ki rheibys ; Chacurra. Cioghar, Paham j Ccrga, cergatic. Cionas, Pa vodh ; Cein. Gor, Gen, Kil; Cara, Uyneb ; Hi'p. Col~h' [Codladhl Hyn, Kujg; Loo. Comhar [ocomhar.La?. eregione'] CvmirciGu/dd. Eas ("mtun geirie KilTilhtedig) iV/(/j Ez.

Eadadh

-,

Athcha, Detfivi Eica.

:

Keifiog

t Can, Hydpan; Aiceno. Cruine. chc [Kruithneachc] Guenith; Garia,gariiia

Eafadh, Kleiiyd ; Eritas. Eafgar, Codum i Eror.

Afnic, hkaethi Ezne, eznec. Ahafc, Gairi Hiiz. Athair, Tdd Aita, Aitac.

Bal

; Cailte AB. 17, 10. Oilloac, Tar.

Kolhed

Caill, Sarhaed,

; ;

; Erhoa. larrcquiren Ditin, Kanlyn.

lace, Btiyd.

Kryv ; Lodia, L^irin, T dhatar

Laidir,

Lar,

Luc.

Lanv,

;

3.

t.

Cor.

9. lo.

T/u.

Lurra.

Mat

y y.

Larraina.

17.

Plentyni Lcinu Mar.

iz. J ^

Aff.i'j zi,z^.

(ij Cantabri a geilu'r Lhadinuyr 1 Guyygicd ve Brighlion Minidhe'r Pyrenaied Cruiihnigh a geilu r Guydkelod 1 Piktied ag aruydhokdd 1 Gair ydiu Brython nt

VrithiM. Loir^

^

AT

K

I

M

I

R

Loit, Briu, Rltipi Lot. Luath, B^yaui Lehiah. Ja. i. 19. Mala, Ke'^j Maletas. ^. ., ., ,„ Maol [Maothol] Guds, hachgen ; Mutil, Muthilla.

PoflaP?-/W;

ilf— ear, Bys; Erhia. L. ii,io; 16, 14. 5cc. MeJa, Gra/ra Mahatfic, Gr^a» Guynuydh. ^_ire, Gualhgov, Xnvydruydh ; Erhoa.

Saibhrios

Re

Na

gav, y

haibhrios] Kyueth; Abraftas.

Saohar, [Saochar] Guaith Se, ji^WA; i Sey. Seargcha, Cn'aj Searra. Sgaile,

;

fOrc, «>; Arrac, arraul, arraultze. JLw. ii- l^ Os cean, ^r, odhiar, yux ben Gainean, gainera, i

gaineco.

PogCfPoc]

[&

Mat. \<^. 18, 10. Sari, Kyvlog.

Sal;(iadh, Bydredh'r, Salfuts.

No;>;,P<»7Wi Noz, Pan, pa aur. Obair, Gorzuyl; Obra. Lo, Ga//» Hie. Olan

&

Ri.

Ris, Tray; Re7..

Negua.

G<i/<J'yj

LhadinS^otiias; Spofa.

At;

ris,

Re, Urth; Ra.

,-

f

&

Y. o'r

Kiskod

Siubhal obar

r—

[&

;

;

Itzale.

hiubhal]

Rhodw

&

j

Ebili.

th—ohar, Fjnnon [Ithubhri] Ithurri. Toiceach, Kyuaethog Datec Lhaun. iVJat. 6. az. Ua' [uagK] Be'dh OeJ, GW_y. Uydhaoh [ghuidhadh] Dimyno i Othoits. ;

-,

;

Kyjfan; Pot. Mat.iG.i^l.

m

inig o'r Kmtavreg, ond o'r Ijpaetieg brefennol hevyd, er Aaueroetj eriA a e^id i ;cuanegy at hyn nid Ve^^y gan bod gueled in o cglyr bcAaA;, mat ir laich hbno, a Aadin ag jirdveg. buy genedl oeb hen drigolion ir Euer&on j mai o'r yn Kivodiad a nini ir ot& 1 Guy&elod,ag mai guir Uerdkon a^an o'r Ijf'aen; i pec diamc a skrivennot) Nimiio ag eru er Aauer oes, buad kenedl 1 Skuidied, ir' gynt in Aoegar ag 15 Htmry. nefa yu brovi idyu vod 1 jiin honno o honynt, a eluyd Guydhelod in trigo Eknveny i, er main: barvy ybynt am a un a hynen, 15 hyl;!; hanej- a bonc& i Nid oer neb o'r Guycelod binuag a &eil fylu ar lauer o r.ea in fon vod Aoegar a Ximry erioed in i mebianr, ag etto puy i kenedl

m

maint a ^igruyd,

m

cnue avonyb a mmi&oea truy'r Dirnaj-, "" ^cij- o le i amme nad i nhu oeo 1 Tiigolion pan roud ir enuc hinny arnynt. Nid oeo enu gynt ar ir Avonyb muy kipredinol truy'r dirnaj-, nag «>^, jr hun a )-griAx, Ex, Ox, &c. Bevenne Guyr Rhyven Ifia ag Ofia ag a eluir ceo truy Loegar yisk, Esk, Vsk ; ag bcaAir nag m in Hiaic ni, Aaz er bod privavon o'r enu hunu I5 Hit»ry, ag yn ara.\ in Nivncint, etto ni Gimraeg a Briconeg Kerniu a nag \x. Herniueg aru}t5oka& 1 gair ; ag nid Aai over edryA; am danau in 1 Aruytjokad 1 gair in 1 GuyAidau na" am 1 gair Avon ir hun f) & enu |iai o avonytj Aoegar in 1 Saejrieg. Tame, Dove, Avon, &C. in Aoegar, in kivaCoojn, Dor^ Stottr. geirie Ag megis 1 mae'r oeleg idiu'lJMVAvott, Dtvi a rruy hinny in daKitm, Dtir, Ts dur, Tdv, ag Kimracg geirie na'r amgcn sev nad idynt ror mai'r Ktmry oeD i hen Vrodbrion, veAy mae'r Geirie, uysk, Au-,, Kmuy, Ban, Drym, Aexlia, ag ;

:

amryu eriA in da^O)" vod 1 Guydhelod in preruylio gynt m 1 kivryu levytj ; kanyj- ij-tyr geirie in i hiaic ily^ ne uijge nid oej" nhu idyu Dur, Ayn, Privavon, Minydh, Keven a maAuyd ne maen M<yd. Am 1 gair yn gair araA aiverol ganrynt am dhiir ag mi a dibit)- gynt gan amied ir Avonydh in Aoegar, o'r enu imma hen amjeroet) ; ond pan nij- medrun gacl i hanej- in lair Kera gaAaye'r gair vod in in hiait; ninne in ir a x^n ijxiried nad oeb bo)-ibl, pe bije ynuec in 1 Briconeg, ybynt buy a ninne fiiu nag in 1 Aidaueg aruydokad, ni A;eve)- i le 'n byd ame, na by'r Guytjelod eoAi gair mor arverol, ag mor ascnpcidiol Gogledh a'r Euerdhon, m ir gynt dro)- duazy ; a darvod in jiieni ni irry 1 jian vuya o honynt gilio i'l yn pynyd ag a darvy ir Rhiveinuyr guedi hinny, in gortj-gin ninne, a Barbaried ir Almaen a Ai^lyn paa 1

;

;

i

1

i

i

1

m

Ni a uelun urc hyn, mor agenherlid o oey i oey, in Tervine pre)-enol. bipigiob kadernid Rhyven, gimerant arnyn skrivtny am hmaviec Inyj- Briden ; ag urc barren 1 jieidiol idyu'r Guytjeleg ir )-aul a perpec o'r hen Gimraeg, heb 1 nad gael Guybodec eglir vob in 1 ocf pan ginta o'r Aivyi, a guelir hevyd Guybcleg a leicoeb Kerniu a Aidau. Agnid pad edry/i immheAa^; i ganvod hyn na xorlan deved a daalu Kyt deved in Garlan, er i v6d in guybod mai Beily, hyarth, blithion: Kanyy puy vyc a liyr a/;o)- am ne Gadlas id)U Lhan ; oni uyr hevyd, v6d i Guybelod in galu IJavad, Caor ? Ne paham ir idyj- in galu mai Blathuin idyu godro in ir laic honno? Ag veAy am lauehlithwn; oni liyr Guarcheg godro, Guartheg /;uaic oheruyb 1 bod eij-yr in roeb o eirie nad oc)- in bre)-enol na hamben yu skriveny, nag zzc]y pec nefa iu baj;o)-, id.u ; Mai Kiudouduyr o'r Kenhedkedh a alue'r Rhiveinuyr Galli ne Celtas Aivyr. gi)-)-ondeb 1 buy inch. Mi a oedh tr hen Uybelod ht?my ; a hyn hevyd a vybh eglyr uic bal )-ylu ar ag nid oejr le 1 oyod imma ond ir iPiidig 'j-ample fyb in kalyn ba7;ho)e)- 1 mob, in \ jiagimadrob Seiynig ; kinniA a/an o hen livre Aadm. Ae mae'r geirie kinta o laic 1 Celt^, guedi 1

Y

AUobro;t;, Albtyd, Eftron Vet. Comment, in JuGuydheleg ven. Bruach ydyu Bro, ne odre guldd in 1

ag^\\z yu Aralh.

V'exy

Allobro.!i

Aremonci, Guyr y morva

;

ofi//;

eilbhruaA;.

Armhuirich,

&

Arm-

hoirich. At am hmny Alpes, Tzeldir, Mmtdhdir. Servius. a galuodh t Guydhelod tr Skuydir, Alban ; oheruydb

^

V le

AW

Gair hunnu ond naix at Ceihe at Celtse. oes xuaith i uyhod, pryn ai am tr yn axos a galuafin

vi cgledh tr Tnys imma (Kelldhon, a'r Rhiveinied Caledonia) ai odhiurth t kocdydh K^Jwy.; Keliadh in Uydheleg tr Alban tdyu Koed, etto. ,-

Crupellarius, Milur a xadpais haiarn. Krub, ai odhiurth 1 gair Kruban dec Krajk negimmu;t. bod Ty.eld'tr t Dirnas honno tn neffa tir ir Uerdhon ? Divitiacus Brenm tr Aedui. C^f.^ynvihich oedh enit arverol {ontd tdyu etto) im mhlith t Guydhelod ; ag ir Aufcu, Dtnas Auchs 15 Uafgun. QxS.. At odhiurth yn enu tn dhiamme tdyur dhay a Divodog im Morliysk \dur'] ne avon or yu enu r gdnug. diir. Axona Avo» Ailne; Ailg i_ne liyfg] Uruidae, Deruydhoft; Draoidhe. Bardus Pridydh j Baird. Dunum, Bryn meun enue Trtvydh. Megis t geirie, Belgx Kenedl or Galli. Cx[. Edr. Fir, a Firbolg U;i;ellodunum, JVItilodunum, Neodunum, Vellat Geirl. Guyvheleg. Lugdunum, V'lrodunum, naudunum, &c. Dun gan Benna, Math o Gerbid. Feft. f Ben. JJydhelog tr A\hzn,idyu p6b bryn Kaerog ag am hmny Bondincus, Aphuys, Hei> uaelod. Bunghancach xauer oi Trevydh a henuir vexy. Tin a D'n oedh t Bondhannach. Or G«r Bun [g;</»fW] «gan,ghan, gair tm mhlith y Kimry, ag odhitno Tin Syluy a Thin ne dhan, Ueb. Daethuitm Mon, a Dinar uik tn Anion. Bracca, Math odkixedyn; Brekan, Hygan amliH arCampiur. Serr. Gaifgea^:. r^eldir. in tr Gocfus Uydhelod hoh verol gan tr Vcrficulos dent Barbara carmina Leudus, Oudul Bulga, Kdd Feft. Bolg, bolgan. kudos, l^enant. Fort L 7. c.8. Laoidh. £(/r. Laoi Cateia, TavlfoTf, Eonuaiu Servius. Gath. tn t Geirl. Guydhelig. Celtse, Guyr Gallia. Cacf. Gaedhil [Guydhel] f Caeharver ni, Magus, Maes, meun enue trevydh, megis Magetrobia dhil, Keyil , agmt rhiv >yofog in ol skrtvemy ahe t Rhvemied Duromagus, Rigom*gus, Rothomagus, &c. Magh wd Ag a Ceilt Keiliet

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Vcrgobrcrus medh Kacfar otdh Triad ne yaritur in laith ir Aedui. Life us qui Cummo magiftratui prxcrar yergobretum appellant /Kdy, qui crc.irur annuus vitx necilquc in ("uos liabcc poteitaccm. Cif. de b- Galileo L. I- Bex^K Fear go brcJth air in air, idiu G(\r urth var.i. Ag urth dhal fylu ar i gair ima ir amheyes i gmta, mai o'r Galli a deither Gnydhelod, i fcth «/ uelai bexax Ic n t hyd r« amme. Gati in bod Celtx, ng u.c laucrocB o'r hc:i z.naGalcg (nl- Uydheleg) i'ydii cto in ni 'n guybod ucician, uru hen bi'.h Guyoclod; pai a rivcDanc vod kimTeint ag (ydh in 1 Frennig brel-nnol, mat o Fraij;k a dactli iiiaic fihu o eiiic Teyt/.oieg nc Exmineg. Ond ir a/:oj- am hinny idyu ohcruya vod i Bclga im mhlic Galli fiarad Exmineg, vai i maent etto; ag htblau i C(?//<* a tcirant imma, ag a acthant riu OeyoctD guc.li hinny ir Verdhon, ev a caec hevyd rji o'r Belga;; a'r pcini fmcgiy i mac 'n debigol hcvyd gan a Guvdhtl Klalierty) oet> i Guyr a aluafan: Fir Bolg i jiain a jjcicanc n ctaiit huy ir'UerDiskcdig Mr. Rkydherch Boii, in hir amj'er Kyn i Skuid'ied Gan na bharvy ir Guytselod i hyncn, na neb araA ar a un i, tjal jyiu ar 1 Geiric Goglebig i.i i hiaic, nid amhcrcnajol kimhary jiai o honynt ar Sadncggan vod i Sacpieg in yn or icvzoctiTeythoneg, cr i b6d guedi tenrikio gync rai geirie o'r G'^rafg a Aaueroct) ir oej'oeb diuaeca Nid oef le in ni goclio mai cbiurc i Siejmeg osicicr imlicA air) a daec i Gtirie o'r Fremg a'r A.adm. ima ir Guy&clgi oblcgd maent iu gneied gan i Guy&elod mcun hen livre, a ikrivennuyd kyn yndeb i &uy gcnedl Ag mae hevyd amnu cine Teythoveg gancynt rad idynt m i Saeyneg In ir Ejamplc fyo in kanlyn Guy&e!eg idyu'r geiric kiiita, ar Sae)-nc.g a sknvcnir a Aicrene dyon. Ait, [ac] at. An allod, of old. Aoide, youth. As, is. At;:n, [pagral, talec, cojion] hat. Baiter, -water Beirim, to bear. Beic, both. Beithir, a bear. BuyJhe [mclyn bay. Bnar, [pig pigcA] brier. Broc, a brock or gray. Buidhem, a band. Ceachdar, W/^^r. Q.c\AAiO\x\fi,Wedden's day. Can, right. fCmg,King. CVctquiU, quillet. Cnaib, [Kiuar;^ ;] Belg. Kerinep. Cni^, \ knap, a button. T Coinne fguraig] \ quean. Coibtha, /y!if calf of the leg Craos, to caroufe, Q,xy\\sA\\,hard. Q.\M\}a.,c:ird. Cuzn,cave!i,ckaven,haveft. Cnwtt, cheat. CwMwquen, chueti] -Jihen. Culaidh, f/oaf^f. Da, /o Dal, </»/• &:dailtha, (/^-^/r. Dii::\,dear. Da:h [Aiu] a </;>. Yicox atear. Divrim, to drive. 'Dobim.to daub. Don, dun. Dcs, dijll, thijlle. \^o;chi,dark. Div.adray. Eiiog, lueefel. Eadaa [Tdkcn] head Vatleog, hillock, b'ohv, hoUo-dj. Fa\l:e. health | Faol, luo^ Feaoan, Germ /'/f;/. Fovar, Fovradh, ^.zrvp/?. ¥o\\,huile, while. Fud fui'eadh, ^Vo«i/. Vor, before. \Frig, (Sexm.fraw, a -v^oman, a. vife. YyiZ{\\,V\Xi\.hlid\\, hate, hatred. Q^vim, to goe. Gavuin, c<?.y". Garin, a groa-a. Gome, -JJOunded. Gon,hurt. j;GTe,gray. Gru&h iarain, an iron crovj. I iagh [Inyy] {(Undue fy Angl. fg Sc ey. \QA'i.xi,tov>ards. Is, m. Layun, laighim, /o //^^ ro //^. Leagh, [Mc&ig] a /f^c/'. ].och., black. Logfl'ulh] Germ. /w*, Dan. /of^. Luaidhe, /i?^?^/. Lumhan, /<7»^ Migaih, mocking. M'-:is, a mefi. MM,fine. Moid, oath. Muinn, burden. Nochdui&he, 7w,W. Oazs, hunger. Oir,/«r. [ived] «/?. Ohrt, ipooI, -woollen. Voc, a buck. Rc?.din, a reed. Reidh, ready. Sid&l, a /addle. Saiv,/wf«. Sir [in vaur dro)' benl Germ fehr. Skian,7i^Vyife. Scciv, Jhape. f Sk'.b, afiip. Seachin /hun thou. Seadhi, aja'uj Sei\,n>hile. Scnh, a hide. S'nvrayc, fairies. Sio:, ice. SUgan, a Jl.^ell. Sneachd t Gn,y«oty Smc3.r:iah, beji/iearing. Soiv.keal, go/^el. Sreid, a herd. Snng.JIring. Sreav /crib Srenmh] ffre.im. Tachxh., to dig. Tmiilim, to tarry. TdiTngtheoh, a drawer. Tin (igh, a thi-ejl'o^d. Tcngi, a tongue. Turn, drie. 1 oirfcach, f;>*flf. T;ugh, tough, thick. Uavan [leg. iiavan] an oven, Uaillygim, to haul. Nid ocf gen i, ond hyn yu buedyd in brejenol, am laii: a Boneb i Guy&elod. Ag oheruyb bod hyn ima, er Acied idyu, in kinuyj- di;iraigion na )onuyd am liariynt or bhen, a deuij-ej" i eihocbi gmta in Gimr.icg. Oy gueoa urc vod jiai o Uyr diykedig in Guild ni, haub a gcAir i jknvcny n htheca;; amj-er iaic muy gipredin. genedl i Bntanied, mae'n ajenpeidiol amgena/; guybodec nag (yb gen araA meun yu holjien oi haber lu )"m6nyb, na A;ivingder A cyr anner^:. Ond pag dibenny pii eto, a miiy o le gimadrob ima hcb buedyd dim, KimeruA; i pe- fyb in kanlyn iShylA; yn o Lcd-leicocb tirnay Fraingk

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U.X barAen Trioedh Inys Briden, ir pain a tkr.vennuyd im marn Mr. Vaughan O Hengurt, er i^hyl^; mil o vliniboeb, nid aAun amgen r.a dal )•) lu ar i geirie imma. Tndydh arian>y Inys Briden a aeth gan GafuaAon vab Beli, a Guenuynjyn a Guanar veibion Ai;u vab Kuyvrc, ag Aryanpod ver^; Beli y mam. j4r Guyr hirniy o Erz a Heled panvanhoedhynt. jig a aethant gtda XayuaAon y heuyzr ar uysi i Ke))aritd, Sev xe i mae i guyr hir.ny in 'U-)'gU) n. Sev rhivedi a aeth ganthynt yn mil ar higeint. Or c'r Inys honn. audur araA henuayye'r bay ly a o'r blacn i kmta a aece gan Irp Lyibog i Aixlyn in amyer Gadhyal i Btry a ;ean vod hiny ij;hylA; A- D. ji^^. [q. an I. vab Iri'] a'r ail gan Elen Lyeoog a Maxen Uledig i Lidau. ag a guebe mat 'n viiy oiuefcar, ag veAy in agoj" i amjer ir audur ir aece'r tridyb Ay, mi a vuriey i vod e raiA ai'n kamgimeryd enu'r Tiuyyog ai bod Kafuaxon al> Beli araA hebbu *r Tiuy) og a imlabob ag lyl Katfar. Ond gan i vod in galu a piveinuyr Ke/faried, cv a aAe vebul Kafuaxon vab Beli maur, 'ab Minogan. Bibed hinny, val i vinno ; gan vod guir diame ran oi batkaniad ; ni J amgcn na mined Britin'cd o'r Iny)- ima i Ltdau; a Kin vod Guyr Guafguyn m arvery Kimiykiaic o Fremg a piu hen laic araA, mi a dibiey nad over isun nag amhercnayol, edr_, x uidig yu hiair. Rhai geirie Kimraeg afiuybelega barAenep mci, ond oi hiytiried druybi in hoAo!, ir he.i Romaunt ne Rtveritiethy'^ ligredig ij^hydgimyyg a'r hen 1ff>aeveg a'r Galeg idiu hi. Or amriu eirie Kimr;eg a cdiey yylu mci, i jiai muya hinod oeb 1 pain fy'n kanlyn. Ach, OX- Aco Adouzilha/i.'/y. Amagat [Kybiedig'l otk»«/: OT»|ttr ;?/«>, ^f. iOmuy aqui a;t«. muy. Aro,aron ; triian. Arreire, AfJa, b. do reir, ar 61. b fcolt, ho>ti. Aigo [aifgo] Hib. aifge, eifgr, mae 'n debigol, idaec i Aid'mAqua. Birgti bragio xt'n ve giuarx. Biuuifge ; Dur: ag or gair ima val bloditir toire bluroire idyu kijf vlaud. Bayfaduro del pabifeau marque [rnedh i Kivieythydh Frennig"! qui eft a cote du pain lots qu'il a elie preffe au four. Vexy Pabiieau^x pcbez G»yr Kernyu viz,. Pobydh. Bern veXy a ga[vern] uern., pre?; guemen, Hib, Fern Bernu pcfcayru Bernard biskur, vii Bernard biskodur I

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htiy at arierant am dcrvjn fob pi'th^ val pen m t Gimraeg Cap d'an,/if« i v/uyCarrado carred. Chiu chiu, Kiu Am i vdd a mielo Kiu ir arveravt. Chi, ki. Maent m bttyno m t kluiv, ctoib. ClabaX-/oi, Chpa k/apio. Crane f y\iv l-yofeg a'r Aidaueg; ga}i dhuedyd Chichoua chichcr,&C. Cunh ^;'». Cnrz kueirio Hevyd kyro Cura les lukrajigk. CreLQ.[Corn~\cre'z.i,credy. Qxiti^i gridhvan erts Kyro /.igetd. Daban i bavt o> Aadin ab ante, medh rhai. Darno Darti Darno de Salmou Ga/. Tranch de Saumon. Dibendres [divcndses] q d. diuener, in /.e, dydhGuener: Ag ve>y Dijau.'i Dydh lay, Dimars dyttmanrth, Dimccres dyumer-^er. Dom dyn: Paure dome dyti tylaud. El [Ai,'<ad] +Jcl ajil tn ir hen Gnaraeg; ago'omoi gair^\K^j^am edryx,a'l Aunuegjel/at. E&zniJle'nL fiannma. Fiy fay Fujyahf giiydh fay: Prea arverol ing Vent a Morganug. Lac. Fagtis Kanys kamgtmeriad idyu galu pren fimii.'uydh )-auy& i)al Fhyrou [a.rog\~\ fleirio. Fu g^roa, Fn guare Fe^y a.gd.. :r arvertr tvg'Vynedh. Vcnno i 'veniu. Fh : /hac. luant fagle giiyt Ivan, ne dan Iitan; t peth fydh arverul hevyd gauthjn nkit a xan iiyr Atdau^ gijfal ag m ajinog Ki. Qm ro gar, iocs: Garrou ioes molht, heget un gous, Fourra annog: Neheybarth. Fourra herrio, Arm. guidorot. Edr.Vlg. pz%^. Gous, keiliog. Gourgounil gorgorol .1. 7-hagoroi. Goutra cardid, cardiduyn giiaetgi.batheyad. Gnpas, h-opp!o,i:roppta». Graupinaia, J^r//;gdfi: goxiKtt coliiymie gi bizan: gouUliS, Pifgod man. Guerlhe idytt Ihtgatraus: an q. d. W. giiyrlhyg? Guignu giiinkio, nio. Grougmut guraxiod an q. guingo Mgeid} Hauro \amfer\ m aur. Langoufto legejl a geilii Guyr V^erinu, gmimitx.. Laura Ibavyro Aawr ir hen oejhcdh a daeth i Aadin labor, laboro, &c. ag or Aadlii eilxvalth i gair tn i gair a. ai c&urc Mvyro. Liri [an | lilVi ? liltn ?] Elejlr. Lou^a, >^ogi. Lugies,^Corn lagas, Ihiged. Manat [^/r;W] f mtin t Giiyoeleg madre riiadh [.\. Ki ko'z} yu kadno ne luynog 'ag tn i naid. M2.ndto\Auynog\ madyn, madryn M^no maulhuyn, davad. Matx& maharen, \a. hurdh. Mime; Breviad Frenni'^, mzdrc yu dyn dix.e>gar qui bek [Merre, agneau, mouton, c'efi un terme d'enfatit'] Did. Mound. agneau, voix dun la cen Me c'efi Muda mydo fimmyd i le arax. IV'UiJol melyn ni arverir eithir am vclyn liy, a xoden eyryx. Pic pig. Peg rhi]]odyn. Raftel r/jc/?/. Tiexo turz Ond am iiiix ir arpyg. Vopou biibaz. Qui/ve. liiyaud rhifod, hir aros. Trcuneire trane. vail i Frangcod, i gair \ tiuis a truic. Tnga trigo •verant t gair Berve Mo'dh in i Brithoneg, idyu vod i anorfen, in tervmy a'r <« genc)nt araA yyb Yn ki)-ondeb ; rnegi)- Barata bradixy, Barbe^.a barbio {ne eixio~\ a barrcxa kimifgy; in 61 arver Guyr Kerwiu ijiain a buedant perna am brtny., krena m Ae kriny., tuna ovni., &c. ag njd in r, val a maent in i Frhiig. Meun kiuy& a jkrivenuyd bendcvigion i ukd hono, a aecant i'r If^aen i rivela in i vluybyn 1365-. * mae jiai o enue'r Guyr hevyd, kyn debiked ir enue aarvere'r Kimry gynt, a'r reliu or Bntanied hyd nad oej- vsur le i ame nad ir yn enue idynt. Ex. gr. Mouric Meuric, Cenon Cyiiaw, Talairan Talhayar?/, Goyrans GeAg nid aA Gourens, Ganelu Kyndhelu [& Kmhelu] G'lcon [& Leon] Gua\on, Guytrad Guerthydh, &c. delin., 1 pndytj pena o'r jiai a )krivena)ant in ir yaic liono, vod ond ir yn enu an Guydhelin ni ; er bod Bab VtteUinus. Ond am gair Aadin, a arveranc 1 dcb;gol o'r in gipAtcdig ] pob yn o'r Day in duad (mjc'n meun enue, mcgij- Dab—Joan d' Ambres. Dab Guefclin &c. gan nij- giin mui aruybokad ni Ai'nigiai bivaiy mai 'r yn pec idyu ag ab., na Davydh ab EdryA,ecl darAenyb a vo 'n hijpifaAi ar ir laic ag m i hen skrivnade, ai veAy nnae. Hevyd nid peAa-i nag enue'r Guyr, rai o enue'r Acvydh in ir yn Kiuydh MegijChabano)- Kevne, [t >tfi»f] Garrigus Kerig, Duel BuaUl, Virmes, Uy?iedh [Dial. Corn. 17/ wz] Guynedhi Blainaco Blaini'i'g, Montaudran Minydh Aedhren, Montcfquiu M. Iskau, a Carabodas Cae'r bedu ne Gaer Vodax,. A Kuibinag a xuilie jkrivnadc'r Mina;elogy&, a by;;et)e Seint 1 ulad hono ev a OarAenc'n tJiame

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i

Sibic,

Ix Guaj-naecur Fiblon. E. L.

* Recueil des Poetes Gafcons. Premiere Partie. viz. Las obros de Pierre Goudelin, e le Dicciounari fur Arafterdam per JD. Pmn 8°. 1700. p. 3J4.. IM, 6? p- 3fi?t V^id. L. p. zy4.

Lcngo Moundino.

A

h

ARCHM

[I]

ARCHJEOLOGIA BRITANNIC A. TIT.

I.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY, O R REMARKS ON THE ALTERATION OF LANGUAGES.

TH

E Defign of this Firft Volume, being, The giving fome Account, additional to what has been hitherto publifn'd, of the Ancienteft Languages of Britain and Ireland , with regard to their Changes or Akeration into various Dialedts ; and the Analogy they bear to thole of our neighbouring Nations ; it feems neceflary to premife Ibme General Obfervations about the

Diflferent Ule and Pronunciation of Words ; whence proceeds the Divifion of a Language into Dialedts ; which upon further Changes, growing unintelligible,

Time diftindt Languages. very lenfible that Etymological Obfervations, have been look'd upon but as a Trifling and Groundlels Dilquifition ; and the Prefervation of Antiquated Languages, thought a Service of no ule to Letters. But as the Learned ' Befmer have fatisfi'd the Ingenious, as to the Ufefulnefs of Fofftus and Father the one; Sol dare prefume that upon the Publifliing the ^Thefaurus Linguarum Veterum Septentrionalium^ now alinoft Printed, the World will be abundantly conI fliall chule therefore rather to refer vinc'd of the NecelHty of the other. the Reader to thofe Learned and Ingenious Differtations, than detain him by repeating here what has been already fo well done by others And fliall onely acquaint him, that whereas all Languages have not onely their peculiar Orthography , but have even alter'd That , diverle times fince their firft ufe of Letters; I have in this Comparative Etymology ^ made ule of a more General Alphawhereby fuch as are bet in the writing the IVelJh^ CorniJJj , Armoric and Irijh unacquainted with thofe Languages will Pronounce the Words much truer and they that underftand them, will find no occafion of miftakes. This is not done out of any intent of propofing an Alteration of the Orthography, the Cornijb excepted, of any of thele Languages for they have lels need of it, than either tho" it niuit be own'd that fliould it be made ufe of, ic Englijh or French would prove much eafier to the Learner, and fbmething readier for Practice. The rea(bn then, I make ufe of this General Alphabet, is becaufe it frequently removes thofe falle Colours wherewith the different Orthography of thefe Languages have difguis'd their Words; in fb much, that according to the Alphabet of each Nation, many words that are indeed but the fame as to Pronunciation, appear fo very different, that fucli as arc not acquainted with each Language, nor accullom'd to Etymological Obfervations, can hardly- difcern their Affinity. For inftancc, the Weljh word for a J^ver , is according to our modern Orthography Jfon., according to the Irifli Abban and Amhan^ but pronounc'd by both, Avon.^ excepting that in fome Countries the Irifli Pronuncia-

become I

in

am

i'

:

;

;

;

;

a Ger. Joannes

b DHcours

Vojjii

Etymologicon Lingusc La-

Science dcs Etymologies. Nid. Diftionairc Etymologique de Monl". Menage.

tinae.

fur

la

,

c Hickefii Ling. V'etc. Septcntrion. Thcfaurus

&

Grwn-

matico-Cricicus Archeologicus ; cui pra;iniQa, de Linguarum iitarum ufu dignitatc Diflerc Epift.

A

&

tioo

'

TIT.

2

I.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

The Britijb for a Prince or Sovereign is Teyrn, the /r//& for a Tighearna^ but pronounc'd 'Tiarna^ (o that the Difference is very little ia Pronunciation , and both' rnake but the lame with the Gree\ and Latm Tyrannus^ as indeed Avon is no other than Amnii: and fo in many hundreds of Nor is the Difference much lefs between the Weljb Orthography, other words. and the Armoric : The word that fignifies Flejhj is according to the former, written Cigy according to the latter ^tc; but pronounced by both I(^g: So Celyttj Holly [Arm. §luelen'] muft be read i(f/yn, &c. The Defign then, of this Comparative Etymology being to fliew that Languages receive their Origin from an Accidental Difference either in the Acceptation

tion

Z,or^

is

Owan.

is

and Ufe, or elfe in the Orthography or Pronunciation of Words, and an Addition or Omiffion of Syllables ; I thought the following Alphabet in the Pronunciation whereof moft Languages agree i the fitteft for writing the above mention'd ; but lliall in the Irifi Dictionary , and upon other occafions, make ufe of their own Orthography. 'The General Alphabet

made .•J

A.

b. K- d. dh. e,

f.

5.

ufe

,'.;;

{or g.) gh,

h,

of in

the

Wellh, Cornifli, Armoricfl»<^Irifh. "^:^'

:.

1.

k.

1.

Ih.

m. n

o.

p.

r.

rh.

f.

ih.

t.

tli.

U.

v

'~^

y.- y.

7..

ih

\'

\ the J^Vel/h^^d

Irijb. by the Modern ^Greeks or as Ch. by Th. in the words This, That^ &c. G or 5. Always as the German G. or as in Engltjh before a. o. and y^t^ Sh. As much fofter than x- as G. is fofter than K. I. As in Englip in the words Win, JQn j but never as in Wind, Kind, &c. Lh. Is peculiar to the Weljfj, and is to L. as Th. to T. Th. Is always Pronounced as in Englijli'm the words Thought], Thifiki never

X.

Is

Pronounc'd

Dh, As

as

tlie Englijfj

!,^.j

as in This, Thither, Whether, Father, Brother.

U. or u as the Englijb 00. where Note that u before a vowel makes a *

y.

diftindl

Syllable.

As the Englijh Mud, Muji, &c.

I

in the

words Third, Bird;

O

in

Honey, Money,

U

in

Zh. Is as much fofter than the Englip Sh. as Z. than S. A. Denotes a long vowel, as Mor [Great] is pronounced as the EnghJJj word Morei and Man [Small] as Mane. In molt words of two Syllables, the Accent is in the former, in the Wtljh , Cormjlj and Armonc , and in thole of more, in the Penultima. t Prefix'd to any Word, fhews that its now obfolete, or at leaft not generally uled; but occurs in mss. All the others are Pronounced as in EngltJIj, and no Letter ever changes or lofes its Pronunciation , excepting in the IriJIi , the ancient Orthography whereof has been much better prefer vd than its Pronunciation i as is manifeft from many inftances wherein they agree with the Weljh and Armoric in the former ; but fail in the latter ; Pronouncing as different from what they write, as the French. The Pronunciation here exprefled by Dh. and Th, is us'd by the Weljh and That by Gh. diftindtly by the Cornijb, and in fome Parts of Bafs-Bretagne Bajs-Britans, and more foftly by the Irtjlj and Scots. Lh. and Rh. are peculiar to the Weljh i Sh. to the Irijh , and Zh. to the Cornijh and Armo-,

The reft are common to all. Auxiliary h. fo frequent in thefe Language?, might have been omitted in this General Alphabet i by ufing other Ancient or hxotic Letters, befides the 5 and %. butcuftoni having made it obvious and familiar to other Languages, I thought it a lefs eye- fore than a more mixt Alphabet j and have therefore only introduc'd X- to obviate the Readers Pronouncing Ch. as in Englijh, and S leaft he before E and 1 as in the words Gentle, General, Magijlrate, &c. fhould read

ric.

The

G

a Vid. lUieeltr's Travels, 3

p

3^4..

The

,,

;

TIT.I.

GOMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

The Origin of Dialcds which Languages} happens

(

as

before obferv'd

is

)

become

in time diftindi

From the Jlteratton of the uje of veords^ by applying them to Jignify different Nafrom thofe already receivd. II. From an Accidental 'Tranfbojition of Letters or Syllables. in. From an Addition or SubJhaHion of them ; which is fometimes Cafual, and fomeI.

I

\tio>is \

'times Jndrifirious,

IV- From

for Improvement.

ujing different Prepojitions in

Compounds^ or different Terminations.

V. From a Change of Letters on account of Alifpronunciation. VI. From the ufe of Foreign words j either Introduced by Conquefl or thofe Nations with whom we have Trade and Commerce.

borrovp

d from

All which, in regard there may be frequent occafions of having Recourie thereunto, I thought not amifs to Exemplify at large in the following Remarks, on the Alterations of that which we take to have been the Firft Language of this Iflandi and to Parallel thofe Examples, with the like Obfervations in Refped: of the Ancient and Modern EngliJJj^ and fbme times other Languages.

OBSERVAT. A

Ob S.I. Sense Of W ores Obs. L Sense Of Words Deviated. Deviated.

L

Deviation of Senfe Or Different Notions of IFbrds that are either literally tke farfie^ or manifejfly

:

of the fame Origin, tho dijhnd or Pronuncia-

Orthograj>/y,

as to

tion or

both.

C

caufe the old Troufe tvas Breeches

and

Garment tvhich is ft ill retain d in the High Lands of Scotland j and in Jeveral Stockitigs in

one

a

Sow ; Arm. any Swine t HuAjgues, a wild Bore \ Hux. Spas, a Hog. Soformerly in Weljh; whence Guydhux, c- wild Bore; &ByrhUAi, a Badger.

This has happen'd be- Hua;,

flockings.

:

BTon,ABreaft; Lat. Mamma. Arm. Bron bey^;, an Udder. [Dim. Lhe;i;en] Abakeftone; alfo a Grave fto7ie or any broad Rhydh, Reddj/h Arm Ryuz, Red Guin ryuz. Claret. flat ft one. Corn. Lehan, a ftat. Lheyad, The moon; Corn. Lowas, Alht, An A/cent; Ir. Alt, a Valley. other Countries.

O R N

S

I

Lhe^;,

B

;

BAnhadlen

in We^]}, fignifies

Broom; Corn. BynoUan

A Beejom. A

,

.

.

Irish.

Lightning.

theXoung yn aur, No-m. Ir. an Qair, when. Btc^d.\,AMacknl. of feveral Animals, anfivering to Balch, Proud; Ir. t Bailk, Bold the Latin , pullus ; as Lhudun Bio in Armor. and Northern Welfll, Bleu, Hair ; tut not us' 4for a Head guydh, Pullus anferiim So Kaftgnifies a Countrey ; Ir. Bry^; , the of hair, as in Cornifb^ BlcU an Border of a Countrey. In Glapedn, the hair of the head ; JBleU feg a Lhudun, Lhudun hydh , morganjhire Bro is us'd for the glaz, gray hairs, &c. Lhudun gavar, (^c. In the CorLower nifh onely or Maritim fart of the in Weljb and Irijh the Fiji, is a Bullock Lodzhon , ] L and Ledzhek, a Heifer. County. Corn and Arm. the hand. gutter ; Corn Aval!: Fos Peth Fos, thing;Corn. goods, riches: Brayny, To rat or corrupt ; Jr. Breine and Breanadh,y?;»^. cfliyi, the It all of a houfe, &C. Peth tfiiyi , houfehould goods. Gar, The ham; Corn. Arm. Poer, Spittle; Corn. Pur, Snivel. Karreg, Aftone; Ir. Kairrig, a the Leg. Rock. Puys, IVeight; Corn. Puz, Heavy Guiilen, Rod; Com. Guclan,<i Tad gwyn, Ky, Dear or well beloved ;h. Kyv, Step father; yard: Guclan gol, the fail-yard. Mild,ge7ttle. Taz gwydn [&Sirawydn] a So Lhath [ or Lhathen ] -which is Grajid-father, and Dama wydn, Kephyl,y?Ho»y?,Ir. Y.o.^i\.,amare, the nwderji W'clft] for a yard a Grand-mother. excepting in Munfter, where its fignified anciently a rod ; as the Tenewyn, The Flank; Cor. Terus'd for a horje. IriJhSht doth fl ill neuan,<7y?</f ; Terneuananauan, Kefer, Hail; Ir. Kafair, a ftjower. the hank of the Rrjer. Gucrn and -ocn, An Alder tree; Kar, AKinfman; Ir. Kara, a fiend. Corn, the Mafi of a Ihip. Guer- Ttth, Teat or Dug ; Corn. Te- Kelwydhog , Lying ; Ir. Kealga;^, nen is us'd in the fame fcnfe in Deceitfull. than, a Corn's Udder. G lamorganlJiire and I.ow-Bri- Yskyren, Billet ; Corn. Skiran, fKerdh, Trade; Ir. Keard, a tain, and in both Countries, it alfo a Bough. Gold-Smith ; a Refiner; a Tinker. KJav, Sick ; Ir. Klav, Scorbuttck. A R M o R I c. Jignifies an Alder. Lid, as of a Cojfer.&cc. Krog [y Grog] Rood or crofs Klaur, j Kalav, Stubble j Corn. Strom. Kauelh, board or table. hampire, or any fuch like Armor. Krug, a gallows. Ir. Klar^ basket Mother ; Ir Muime, a Corn. Jen, Cold Mam, la, Ice, Arm. i Corn. Kauai, a Bee-hhie _ Kruth, croud; Corn Kroud, a Ovnog , FearfuU i Arm. Aunik , nurfe. fdlc. 'Niin,A Grand-mother. Ir.f Naing, Bal.hfuU. Kuragl, mother. fort of Boat cover dvith Gall, Bitch; Arm. Gift, skins, or korfe pitch' d canvas, us'd Yfgavn, Light; Ir. Skeinmncach, llSsore. »» Wiles, Ireland and Scotland. fPauen is us'dfometimes for a Haitd: ^luick, adixe. Com. Gurhal, Ship. Arm. ?m, Hoof PaUiVIarch, Kleiria/;, An old man; Jr. KleiBras, Fat ; Molh: bras, afatwea rea^;, a clergyman. The Herb Colt's-foot. or ther i Com Great large : Me- Kennin , Leeks ; Arm. Kingen Klog KJogwyn, Afteep Rock i an brai, <z great ff one; LygodGarlick. Ir Kloz, " Stone. zhan vras, a rat, &c. RhaUn, Horfe hair and not us'd in Kuyn, Complaint i Ir. Koineadh, pair of breeReproof \\!t\{hfor any other Arm, Reyn t Lhaudur&Lhodr. ches ; Com. Lodr, plur. Lydrau Horn; h. a drinking-cup. Korn, M6ch, Hog shrift les. Lhes, Ar Brithilh

,

Trout

i

Corn.

Lhudun/»

VJe\n\,ftgnifies

:

Dum

WA

A

&

A

A

Com

A

A

A

A

A

A ^ A

A

&

A

A

A

A

A

:

&

,-

A

:

A

A

,

Obs.

.

.

TIT.J. COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY, Sense Of Words Obs. II. Words Obsolete Obs. II. Words Obsolete In Some Dialects, And V A r K n. In SoM E Dialects, And Deviated. Retaind In OriiEk's. Retaind In Others. good fer-vicei It. Lei-

I.

r»i.-

\

Lhcs, frojit

I

i

Detr ; but

as, Cure, remedy.

Kyvoeth, Ir.

.

.

Kymoth] mcha;

[iSc

A 'Neck

It.

i

it

"•

'

A Girdk.

t Grygys,

quivalent to Animal; as is yet the t Grou, Gravel. tpord Thier in the High-Dutch. fCurah, An old womav So the VVeljh, Hydh and Irifi fGulad, ACountrey. Fiadh, -which fignifies a Stag; t Hail, Liberal feenis but the fame vith the Gerr fllbd. Below.

KuvaAjd, Poioer.

Gudhv,

fGonidog, AServmt.

any Beafi; jJ^ouldfeem, £-

toa! formerly

tho' froperly, iu

fKiuh, a

head

Lhvg, Lig'^t Ir. La, JD^;-. Sheep; Ir. Dav, <t« OxDavad, tLanher;^^ Fore]}. man Viehj Vecus. D3.nx.,ATootbi Ir.fDmt, a morfel. hand. Towgae Ir. Dead, a jam. f Han c?" Manna [novtoritten Henj t LaU, Tavod, tons us' d fur Cock as rpell as Hen ; tLeith [Wal. Lhuych] Looking-gUfsi Ir. Dreak Dry;K, i

A ^

A

A

;

A Tribe fcr;;og, A bur.

A

ir«

Er6g&Oire6g,

Eira,5»o5»iIr.

or Family.

?p/v»f?Han-cred//.'c time ofcock-

Image or Statue.

Holt-hana, a

croTPtng,

If^-

t Les [Wal. Lhys]

Jf-'ood-coci,

&c. As is fill the German Han, fLes duflbg [q. d. Wal Lhvieyin Gavel, Holt; Ir. Gaval; a Fork. and Dutch, Haen. Tike [Lat Ricinus] y Tyuylog ] Betovy. Trogan., fBriddc [or Bird'\ teas the young of t Lcverith, Sweet Mlk. Ir. Dearagan, a Flea. Ly, An Army. any Fowl; as a Chick, a GoJlmgMc. t Dilhad, Affarel ; Ir. Diallaid, a

A

Saddle.

E N

G L

I

O

H.

Such Occurrences are no lefs frequent in rejpeH nf the Ancient and Modern Eng/ijh : as SPe find by the

iM.i\,

To

this

Obfervatiov

(

;

mijh. jAbtT,Thefallofa

W

:

\Xoxx,ARoe;

lejfer water into a greatter as of a Brook into a River or Ltjke ; or of a River ijito

to both

j'

;

A A t Bardh, A Mimic k

Tree, -whence the it for the

f Beam was any

a Poet.

prefent Acceptation of

A

]

or Jejier [

W

Armor,

A A A

Souldier , a Champion. fKadiir, Servant ; a Slave f Kaith , Kaithes, a Mayd. uf". fKall, Crafty or cunning. t Clugga [whence the word Clock] Camel. fKaurvar;t, fig7!ified anciently, a Bell. Grafs-hopper name whencethe Abutton ; t Keiiok leden, I Cnaep, Grove. t Kelli, of the Herb Knapweed. Generation. \'^\m,Number ; whence Rim-craeft, f Kinedhel , Hence Rime or t Kiuydduyvron, The breafi-. Arythmetic

:

A

Rhythm,/**- meeter. {or home] fignified a houfe t Hamwyrc the herb houfe-leek.

Ham

t Leac

[

now Leek ] feems

to

t Kor, :

have

hillock.

fKyniav

fignified formerly any Pot-herb for we find a Garden was called Leac- tune and a Gardener Leacweard ; imlefs we Jhould rather fuppofe that Lceks might have been the Herbs of Greatefl ufe amongft the old Englijh ; and that they therefore call d their Gardens

Leek-Towns, &c I Mora was once us'd for a Carrot; whence Wald-mora, Dau:i(s or Wild Carrot; but properly moor was any Root and is fo us'd yet or

Deer] is now appropriat-

Wall. Kynhaiav

1 ..^«-

A Wave. A

Kala, Straw. Idhen, bird. Wal.fEderj. Skavarn, An Ear whence our Skyvarnog, Hare. ;

A

A

Kon, Supper. Wal | Kuynas. Gudzhygan, black Puddmg, from the old word Guaedogen, of the

A

fame fgnificatioTi.

Gow,

A lye;

Wal

\

Gay

:

Pd« varno Dovydh, dhydh

htr,

Towylhvydk gay,gol<e guir. Lh.h. Guak, Alyer; q.d. Wal. Gayog. 1\iik,AFarmer, a Plowman. Wal t Taeog. K6th,0/(/. Sic Wal. Antiq. Dav. in Di(ft. Brit,

ex Libra Landavenfi.

Gwarthav, The Top

or

fummit of

anything. This is retaind injorne part of Wales.

fKydhon, APigeon. Hinc Wall. Heves, AJh-.rt or Jkock. Krou , A hut. Sec Krou moh , a Ylgythan. hog-Jlte. t Dar, An Oak Hueg, .yiTff^ Wal. t AJUeg;

t Dehoules, Suutherjmood.

A

the Proverb

Bullock. t Deneuoid, t Diogel, Secure.

\

\

\

!

pan

A Salmon. A

fEhog, j

;

iufeveral Parts of Englayid.

[

tumn.

:

fDcor

A

A A Dwarf. t Koneiriok, Mad, DiflraHed. t Kreis, A Shirt or Smock. t Kryk, A tnmp or

:

Ma-

Weljb

;

A

OldWelflj

ir.

us'd at prefent infbeaki7ig or -writing

]

f Bath,

wall, thai Occur r

nufiripti, but are r.zrely or 7iot atall

Cow a7id Bathor, a Coyner. fBeler [Wal. Beair] Crejfes. mif. t Blaidh,

Cillen-beam was a Chefnut-Tree, Ciris-beam a cherry-tree, Elen-beam an Olive-tree. And hence the names of Hornbeam and Quicken-beam, ftillm Lat. Trabs.

a Roe.

Words of common Ufe now in Corn-

the Sea. j

•wife

WaII,Turx,<«X<?e-

& lyr^jes,

Buck;

;

if-man, a woman ; a t Altruan, Wall. Elhdreuin oi Step-mother. Maeden-man, a maid, &c Hermit. t Orzfignifted a Coyn as well as Ozr; fAnkar, but the former Acceptation is now tAnia;>;j If'cak, Infirm. Boar. fBaedh, Obfolete. Sexes

;

Cotten library, 1 found (amongfi many more) the following Britijh words , which are vow difus'd by the Cornilh . but fill imderjlood by the

male.

Girl.

l^alley.

i

'

A

AP0Mle,

A Black-bird. fNans, A tPais, A Coat. t Per, Afurnace a CauUlrOTi. fPrvdydh, A Poet. t Ruy, A Prina: tRyd, WF(J>-./. t Steve!, A chamber. tTaJ;i;, Bran; Furfures. Q_^ tTelein, A Harp.

\

I

was anciently apply'd

An A?iimal.

which as well t Moroin,

at the reft that follow, might be in- tMorvil, \finitly exemplified out of thefi and \ Moelh,

any Title of Ho?iour but pgnifed at firfl a Boy or Xouth; as L'eorning ( hliht, a School-boy, and afterwards {as it does yet in theDanilh)aServa7it, for Ccftcnihtas were Market-Staves. us'd fort Ealdur or Elder] was merly for a Prince f Cwen, A7iy woman ; Eald cuen, an old woman. Properly afiy Fei'mitly

Man

t Maur, Great. t Mehin ; Eard: The fat of Bacon.

II.

or Cniht; was not an-\ other La?iguages ) we may fubjoin that of words growing to difuje in \one Dialed., but continued mothers. In an old Cornijk * Vocabulary at the

fCneoht

f<

T.

\

foUorcing Examples.

.

R V A

B S E

Lolt,

ATayl:

Swan f Eler;(<;, f Eleftren, Sedge or Water Flag. AHinde. t Euig,

Myhtern,

f Fiol,

Guav, Winter

A Cup. f Flair, A Smell Flacraf

So in the Armbric,

mad, To /mill

well, Scc.

ed to the Cervinum genus , as ["f Gallydhog, Mighty ; Putfant. Bill ; a beak. Fallow Dear , Red Deer , Rain \ Gelvyn,

A

"

Bib Coc. Vclpaf.

A

14..

:

^tUeg

xohevce

mel, ;sUerU

dalcr.

W-

f Lhoftlydan,

a Beaver. K. H. deyrn,

A King Wal. A Monarch. ;

;

anciently in

f My;c-

Glamor-

gauii'ire,Gsiev,as appearsfrom the

following words in a Donation to the church of Lin Daf, regifier'd in the

margin of a Manufcript Latin

;,

;;

;

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

Obs.U. Words Obsolete Obs. II. Words Obsolete Gas II. Words Obsolete In Some Di ALECTS, ReIn Some Dialects, ReIn Some Dialects, Retai n'd In Others. tain'd In Others. T A n'd In Others. I

Latin Go^el written about loco

whence Ex-ccafter, Exanceaftcr, thence Eaxan, i^c. Exanmuthc The Axmot- Language agrees fo much with the Cornijh ; that they alfb retain ( with Jbme Dijjerevce nf Vronunciatioji) all thcje words amongft many more that have bee?! long Jincc dijiis' d in Wales. Such as Mat Good, a7id Madou goods or Riches ; Morhu;t;, a porpoije y\ncerhUA;, a flitch of Bacon i Gwcren , a tankard , probably from our Guirod, which anciently Jignified Drink, but is now us'd t

&

years Jitice, -which once belong d to that Church, but is now preferv d in the Cathedral at Uckfeld ; by the name of St. Chads Gojpel

Oj-dendir i)ca j-cpipno quod

—

spechi c)C cenj-u)' ciuj- douceinc rojirh hamahajuii))ham hadouceinr roprh 1 i ipsacm hajiuch ha douceinc dedejiic ]n\. cpeb j;uidauc

-j

luich h.

m

;

munnudcn do 'jjco eliudodf f. j-acuiinj^uid f". nobif f j;u.

upci ^".cuculp c". te laici)- CinCollbui tf. CohopTjec juepn

€

only in

cEjimmc. houpdu.qicunqcujTodicpir be diccu)" epic i qi }-panxepic maladicc j; ejii- a diT. Which 1 read thus: Oltcndic ifta fcriptio, quod dcdcrit Rhefus

Hic

Doy kant

:

torth a maharen ynyr kdv, a doy kant torth yn y gaev, a hwch j a

doy kant mamradhen

fev

and that

in the

fOlwydhcn] an

Burua w a head. Bar a of oroffprigs

,

m

or of branches whence Monniouthlhue a>:d licrefordfliire, .

the

Mijfeltoe

- l.ujh

yet catl'd yA^cl-var j and hence both the Irijh Barragal, and the Welfh Bug for the tops of Trees,

1,

and Hrige, hair

which we find in the name of the Herb Mayden-kair, Brigc Gwcner, CaptUus Veneris,

al.

y voruyn. Bed, Deed or Aftion; thmg.

^ A A hatchet

t Biail, t Bil, The

Mouth

W.

,

;

ai

dhuy

i

cigir

yn gam

Galek

,

French, or pertaining to French; the French Tongue^ i5cc.

Dysk-

Peth '

Buyalh.

Hence in Cardi-

ganfhire and eljewhere Bil is the rnouth of a Vejfil. Kuppan laun

&

,

Qualht

W

Gid, a hare; Guys, ajiw, Kazek koat, a wood-pecker; hyd V vyl, &c. Genaued, a morj'el ; tfgar, a leg Bior, Water; W. Bcrur Divefgcrgam, bow-leg d.^c[.d. yn Crejfes. Bvrdhyn, a olive-tree

Trevwydhog-

c(t cenfus ejus

ales

Zen [Wal.

&

FamiliaGrethi,

N.VV

J'ameJenJ'e with the Ertgl'Jh Wallail; Kiltinen, a chejs-nut, Olive-

tabrian

fignijied formerly in the Wellli bujh, whether hair e

, water River in

Glam. Bir

<5c

Bearr, Short.

A

W

t Blaodh , Cry, a Shout, leu ymmenynj Deo 6c SandoEBloedh. Some Words of the Irifh Language t Bos, liudo, [wz..Teilaul DcusTeftis; hand, and Bas, the palm Sidyrnwydh Teitis: Nnvys Noted in their Old Manujirtpt Voof the hand; V.' .B\s , a finger.

GurgiT.GwydhulvT. Kynwern T. Kolh-

Teftisj

De

(

Laicis

wyn T. Gurgcnc T.

Ervin

Hurdh T. Quicunque

T

Uncommon and for the moji part of Common XJJe) iuthe&huih. cabularies as Objolete or

but JliU Retain'd (

cuftodi-

benedidtus eric, qui tregerit maledidtus erit a Deo. God-mother. Wal. Aultruan , fElhdrewyn, a Step -mother. eric

A

Rhonwen

Wal

fAdhas, Good; venient.

A cow;

Fit, Con-

A Brae, A hand; t fBran, A raven;

Brai;i, an arm. \V. Bran, any crow: Kig-vran, a raven; Ydvran, a rook; Kog-vnn, a jack-

daw

Myl-vran gc Mor-vran a cormorant. ;

Wal. Y^, an Ox f Breas, Great: Corn and Armor. fAinfearc, Hatred, q. d W. AnBras , great ; \N.Fati and alfo I

Agh,

oedh Elhdrewyn fea. fometimes large , as Bras-geir;e, gwerchevyr vendigaed, Galf. L. f Air;eion, fide ; whence probably bras-buytho, c^c. our Er^juyn guely ; the Bed fide. fBri, 6 14. hill or promontory; W. Mountain There are Dohadzhedh, The Afternoon, q. d. t Aifgeir, Bre, whence Pen-bre, Moel-vre, a great many Mountains in Wales diwedh dydh , the later part of (Q-C. the day. of the name o/"Elgir \ but fo us'd t Bronn , Breafi. Peftut , PI. Metaphorically, the word properly Houldreval, 5«»-r»^g,-q.d. HaylWal. Mamma. as wejhali have jBuavall, Ahorne; Jignifyivg a Leg dhyrchavel. W. B)'elin, a Partridge: q. d. Koroccafion to objerve eljewhere. There Gyrgirik, drinking-horne ; deriv'dfromBybeing aljbjeveral mountains fo degark, /. e. Kor-iar. al, a Bujfelo or wild Bull. Bual, nominated in Ireland and ScotKlcdh, The left Dorn kledh, the Bubalus , Bijbn, Urns. Dav in our land they have thence perhaps left hand: Hence probably Did Brit. it this Interpretation. the aljign'd North; as Gogledh for DciBud.The World; W. Byd. Wild, Savage: Allaidh, Gelhtydh hey ( or Right ) for the Satith. tDa& Dagh, Good, W. Da. t nail; Wal Kcntar, [al. Elltydh] is us' din Jhne parts fDayidh, Burning; f Kethr. W. Dciviad, Limpet m CardiganBrennik, of Wales for woods; eljewhere Singeing. Alhc [ plur. Elhcydh ] fignifies tDyil, fhire, Brennig. Leech; W. Gel. the fide of a hiU or any fieep aTrenk, Sower: Trunk yn yr hen t DiA;ean, Beheaded; W. Diben. gymraeg ocdh Golj; ne Leilu fcent. Portion or Dowry j t Divadh , Neighbour., q. d dumb. Kontrevak , W. Eguedhi, Portion. Diuedhi, t Aviavair, Mute WaJ. Kyddrcvaug, of the fame f Amri, Cup-board i W. f AlMarriage; Corn. Dimedha. Town, die. mari. tDillait, Cloaths , Apparel 1

A A

A

:

A

;

A

;

;

A

.

A

;

A

A

A

;

A

A

Lcgaft, Lobffe'r. In the Wclfh Diffionarv, Legaft if render'dPoJ)'pus out of Liber Landavenfis hut erroveoufly IfuppofeJ'eeingit's nfanifeHly the fame word, with the Latin LccuftSj and that it's at this day, us' din that finfe in

Corn-

wall. (

0::e Jbrt of this Legaft, calTd otherwifi by the Cornijh

Gavar mor ) the IVeflern calTd anciently Legltcr , wards Lengftcr

,

Englijl.'

after-

and vow Lone

Oiftcr.

Kaer Esk , The City of Exceter Jo caWd from the Rrver Elsit, [Lac. Ifca] which the

Saxons by a tran-

J>os'd pronunciation have calld Ex,

W

&

Noble; Alfo Strong. Wal Dilhad, fDillac. Hardh, Fair, proper, handfome. hill ; W. Din t Dinn, Tin, a fortified hill or Mount ; as we t Afa, Ajhoo; Wal. Efgid. Q, Tea, even; Afeadh, VV. Sev^ ys t find by Dinbren al Tinbren, the fev. Torwnjhip where Kafielh Dinas Bran in Denbigh/hire is fituated; fBalk, Great or mighty ; W.Bal;*;, Proud, haughty, arrogant. as aljb by Din Oruik in Caernargadno Lhuynog ne Banna;^ vonjhire, and tin Syluy and t Lhylenu mae'ndebygol yu hun, Aechuy in Anglefey. Hence the Roman Dinuni, Dinium megis ped vae J groen yn bais bannog. Dunum, frequent Terminations Wal. JudgeJudge; tBarn , of the names of Cities in Gaul and ment. Britain, or the Old Englijh Tune, now Don, Ton, Town &c and fBan, Abufi.^ofhair. Lat Coma. In the Cornijh and Armoric, Bar our Modern Brit'i/l.^Dims, a city. fignifies the top or fummit of any fDirma [An leg. D\TV3?]Atroof thing i and the balquc or Canor company; W. T<rva.

tArd,

A

&

'>

Tmd

&

A

m

B

t Dith

.

;;

.

TIT. 1. COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY. Obs.II. Words Obsolete Obs.II. Words Obsolete Obs.U. Words Obsolete In Some Dialects, And In So.me Dialects, And In Some Dialects,And R E T A n'd In Others. Retain'd In Others. Retain'd In Others. I

t DithreaviA; Didrcvur.

^»

,

W.

Hermit i

Hence in fKru, Bloud; W. fKray. Pa hynt pa fKuagh, Flejh. W.Kig. How goes it ? t Kuar, Crooked, W. Giiyr.

W. fa journey.

away;

Monmouthjl.iire

,

&

beth yux hynt ? Didhos, a covert or fence from ram,Scc tUaA;, Mrthi V\!.-\Uu}cfir, Anger; W. flredh. Ith, Corn W. yd. Dovar, Wflter^ Dovar-;KU, an Otter. t Kudam, AfaU; t Kadaim W. Duvr [al. Dur J Water,

W-

Proteffton;

fDius,

j-

& A

&

W.

&

&

i

A

;

W.

fEask, IVaten

f Aches, a

river.

tEatha, He went W. Aetli. W. , Salmon. W. t Eigne eo, EEog, Dime:, log f Eauk hauk. AreEinea^i, AFace: Corn f i

A

&

&

&

mor. Enap;

W W.Yu. W + Wyncb.

fEo, An rew'tree Prince i t Fal, t Feal, Bad, naught

i

A

Felaig.

.

;

W.Gual. V-

Obferv. Vlll t Feaskor, The Evening, Gofper.

A Boor,

t Feine,

Farmer,

a Hushatidman, a

W.Gwe'iny,ro

Si^z.

Serve.

A mouth W. Guevis,

t Fes,

;

<?//>.

W

Fiedh. t Fiav, Abominable ; tFlaith, AJjord. V. Fal. t Foiceal [& Fai;iiil] Reward, hire, Guobr. a day's wages, &;c-

W.

Vid.

Observat.

G.P. R. t Fofgadh, f Frag,

Literaram.

A Sadow, Kyfgod.

AWfe, a Woman W. Gu;

raig.

t Frith, Profit; Fruyth ; Strength, Gown or fame fiich Gari Fuan ,

A

men; Fuan,

W.

i e.

Brae. Glofl. Vet.

Gun.

& Gai ^ Lje

t Fulladh

;

;

W.Kel-

;

W. Ga-

wydh&fGay. t Gairvhiain,

A

Tempefl

ru-hin.

fCilaun, An Enemy; W. Jelyn. fGav, Winter; WGaiavjCorn. Guiv. Armor, a Gait , An old woman ;

baud, a whore

common

whe?ice that too

;

amo7igH

exprejjion

their

&c Map yr ghaft. The Mouth W. Gene,

Seamen,

t

jjin,

To Adhere ; V^

t Gnia

Knowledge;

,

.

G\^a'<j

W. Gun

,

I

Know.

Cydhigl guyngylh am Kidhiai, &c. D. G. Kuvak, Wf rrouj W. Kyving. t t Ladronn, ^rte/; W. Lhadron, Thieves; Lheidir, «

A fiUmg W

fLamne, t

Laich, Milk

fLann,

^

,

thief.

W.

.

:y

fW

A

A

A

A

A A

A A

W

A &

A

& A

M

A

A

&

A & A A

,-

&

A

A

W

A

MyngdorA; tin-lrijhDttlionary. W.Keiniog, t Grian , The ground or bottom of a a penny. Graian, f Nunna, Haagf r ; Sea , Lake or River. Fern. W. Burial Kladhy fRath, ; fKlaidhe, Gravel. An- fRiv, Number; Kladhedigeth To bury ; Wife; tGruag [&Frag]

W.

A

A

W. Kyb-

Cubiculum.

A

;

i Glean,

Bed- Room.

erroneoufly for

Lhanu. Lhayth. i Church W. Lhan. Pronunciation of Kamis j Jo t Lain, AVeil; W.Lhiein, Linnen. Hevex as well at Kaimle, is ori- t Lear, The Sea; Lhyr. ginally but thefa7ne fame with the t Leathlagfa , Somrvhat weake or feehl; W. Lhed-le!g Latmdmi^u. PUUe or Flounder \ LeitheaA:, t Kais, Hatred; W. Kas. W. Lhythy. fKaladh, Hard; W. Kaled. The tLi, Sea; Kallaire cryer a floud. ; W. Galur , , t Ofiethat calls. hut for Calves or Latnis, I Lias, &c. W. Dimet. Lhyeft, a Cott Kava;K , Power ; W. Kyvoeth , tage. Wealth, riches, atid J'omctimes Lis power ; whe?!ce Olh gyvoechog. t , Houfe ; W. a Court, a Pallace. Almighty. Tail, W. Lhoft ; Corn. Whelj>; W. Kene. t Los, t Kana, and Arm. Loft. furrow; W. t Kaois [or Kyis J fLuvrajWori, W. Lhavyr, /.«^oar. Kuysj Lua, An Oath; W. LhQ. or candle; Kaor Kyr] W. t f I Meannad , Place K&yr. [ Ir. Keir ] Wa.v. t Maian W. Mann. f Karan, The crown of the head; Hand ; W. f Myn .Koryn.Karan aljo anciently in t Man , Myned, a handful!; Maneg, a 'lyelfl?: and thence probably Guglove. ydhno Garan-hir, Lord o/'Cantre Gwaclod in Dyved , /« the \ Meaval, Shame ; W. f Mevyl : Mevyl ardy varav yn Arvon, fxth Century, whoje Countrey is Ag ar dy wevyl mevyl ym faid to have been overjloto'd by the Sea : Mfln. Dav. ab Guilim urth Gryfydh Grvg. YA^enaid Guydhno Garan-hir; Fofler-Child ; W. Mab Pan droes y don, dros i dir. t Maes, cherriot ; Keibyd. ffiaeth. f Karb, Mein Oar Muyn. Keda;i; Brae Men, Kada;e , j t t Mouth ; W. Min, a lip. Veil. W. Kada;K, a piece oflJn- t Men, }ien, a linnen rag, &c. Souldier; W. Milur. t Mil, Story ; a Narrative. t Meadhair , Talk or Speech; W. f Keadal, Medhir, it's faid. N. W. xuedel S. W. Huedel. Corn. Huitel. t Moirb, An Ant or Pifmire ; W. Myr^ M. Morgrygin i t Mor f Keanntar, An Hundred; W.Kant which is properly the Ant-hillock. t Kear, Bloud; W. t Guyar. Allowing for tra?i- t Mos j maimer or faflnon ; W. Katie; Keathra, f This Ivloss, a fajhion ; y[.OQh,a manJj>oJitio?i and tertnination , ner. Jeems but the fame with our Guartheg. t Muadh, [ M. Maith ] Good; W. Clan or Family ; chiltMad. Kenel, f dren. &c. W.Kenedl. t Muadh, Soft, Tender; Medhal. M'lkingpail, orfuch t Mual, The top of a HiU ; Mod. fKilarn, Kelurn. vejfel; t Mu;k, Smoak ; W. Mug. Neck; W. Munugl. Ihe fmallefl Coyn. Lat. t Muyn, fKinog, h&,accordi7ig to Plunket in his La- t Muntork, a neck-chain; q. d. W. ;

Lafcivious.

A

,

higl fro7n the Latin

Codum. Dyvr-gi [ i. e. Cams aqitaticus ] Champion; W. Kamt Kaimper, an Otter. piur. Driu -wren-, WtDre;in, \\^^im{c.)A Shirt or Smock; Com. Dnuan. Dim. Driuyn Hevez VV. f Hevis , [ Arm. Image i W- Dry^, a t DreaA;, An Hivis a Smock from the old looh'mg-glafs Chamis [ or ;Kavis ] an oblique harlot W. Drythyll, t Druih, that

A

kilva/iad

t Kydhigl,

;

W.

&

W.

&

W. Newyn. Rhedyn.

W. Rhiv. W. Rhyo,

A

all; a Progladh, a burial. t Rin, Gureig montory. Credit; W. Klod. f Guaire, Hd'ir; W.Gualht. Vid. fKloth, Prayfe, Very Small; Klywodh. Rubhag W. Rhy , fKlotha, He heard; W. t Obs. Lie. L. \iX, Too little. Boat ; W. Ymxmouth ; Golbhin, a ^itf. t Koka, f Gulba., whether, hence; f Sav, Summer ; W. Hav. Meat. Salmon. Eigne, Vide fKoth, CL \ax, t W. f Gofymdaith, a viaticum or t Seafnadh, Breathing ; W. Savan, flmxil, About; W. AmgyJA: a Mouth. provijioit for a journey, C[^.d. Koth ynghylx. Convocation or AfDeceit, q.d. AmW. [ or K.6s] ymdaith.' t Seanadh, flmdiol. fembly ; W. Senedh. fKrcatar, Conjicrated ; W. Krair, duylh or ymduylh. Relique. t Seark, Love, Ajfedion, W. Sctx, fingian, D/r/)'. q.d. W.Anglan.

A

A

A

&

A

Inntea;e, I

A way

A

;

Armor. Hynt, \Yitox,Red,

4

W.

K6;k.

CL

tS%h, An

Ox, VJ.yX. t Seini-

, ;

'

:

, ;; ,

:

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.L

Words Obsolete jObs. JII. Transposition Ods IV^ Transposition Jn Some Di ALBCT?, And OfLetters. Of Compounds. Retain'd In Others.

'Obs.1I.

'

j

I

hav

; Early-rifing Summer's Sun. heard: W. Piiy a glouodh , Ir. hijtances might be given KiaPilialadh ; who hath heard} fords difcontinued, or at leafl reof t neftr. Gloin,Corn. Kolan, Coal. one W.Goleini, Sgafla, fort of Boat j W. yf- maining but htperfe&ly , Ir. Glaine, I^g^r. Tongue, and intirely prefervd in S. \V. Alhuedh, Corn.Ahuel ; others ; but the Examples here proKey. f Skcinmnea;!;,^/<-*, niml>le,afii've. duced may fuffice, tojhew that a Cu W.Yfgavn, Ugtt. Ko[crurj Au Itinerant Muftcian, rious Antiquary any Nation, may Lhedrad of tSleteora;tt,I*e/i'.Ir Klairleoir. a harper. the better under/land the Oldeft Ma\V. SiJe Yftlys. Slis, i i W.'l'alm, Ir. Tamal; Apart or yoke, a Sound; W. Sun nufcripts of his own Language, by how fSon, quantity, ajf>ace of Time, Sec. Pole W. Fon, a fiaff. much the more, he is Mafter of fuch 1 Eng. Nluldcl , Midle r Son, MiddclWhip W. others as are dertv'd from the fame t Sroal [ Sroghal ] fc.\c , Midlefexe , Middcl-cunc

A

'fSeiniftir;

\V .Y&- Atany more

IVindow.,

A

[

A

W.

m

A

W

W.

A A A

i

A

:

,•

Origin.

Frowylh.

tSu.ul, Small i W.Sal, Mean. T.ioi ; Silent; W. Teui, fl'ai Tawcl, To hold one's peace j

&

Midk ton.

OBSERVAT.

^c.

Calme.Jtlent,

W.

fl'al, Tteft,

Eng. Sicel, ASickle. W. Ir. Anal, Armor. Alan;

\

III.

&

S.

&

Breath.

Accidental Tranff>oJition of LetTuylh, Fraud, ters or Syllables.

W. &Corn.

S.

Banal.

Arm

Balan,

Broom.

W K ynta, 7 he or former, Kcadna, the fame. W Guneid & Guneithyd, To doe

cheat.

Firfi

Ir.

jTealgadh, ACaJfing, hurlitig.&co W. Traah, Corn. Drcath , The Sandy Shore cover d at high water. W. Taviy, To caft. City Ceafter, t Tcibhearfa, To dipt or drop i W. t Engl. Caerter Ir. Gnidhim, 1 doe or make. Acemanncs Ccaiter, the City of W.Barcl, Corn. Dvvery. Balliar, Barrel. Bath ; q. d Akc-mans Chclkr. W. \T'm, Thick; W. Teu. heruydh, Ir. Ar adhvar, BeS. W. Ayv, Arm. Eyv, The liver. jTrift, Sad; W.Trift. caufi. Lac. Ablblutio, Ir. Easbaloid, AbN. W. Y dhyrton. Arm. Terfian, f Trora, S.id, Melancholy properly .

A

&

A

O

Heavy

W

;

;

.

Trum, Heavy

;

filution. An Ague. W. Pryny , Corn. Perna, To buy. W. KrankjCom. Kankar, ACrabW. Bryn, Arm. Bern AhiUock: Fijh.

alfo

Penfve. t TuA;aidh, He came ; W. Daeth. Jeivel; Wal. Dtwis t Tins , choice ; Tlus, a "Jewel.

,

A

Bern

Goz

a mole

hillock; q. d.

W. Brynkyn guidh.

W

.

Garan, Corn. Krana, ACrane.

Germ. Rols, Angl.

Horfe.

The Countenance, the Vifa^e; fEngl. Cyrps, Cri§: Cyrps locSifre, Sober; Byrhtnefs, t E. Sifer cax, cur I'd Locks. Dylh. Brightnefs , Thorp , a Village , Engl. ImAeps, An Afp or ajpen tree. t t Tur, ARequefl ; W. Tacr, whence JeveralVilf.-.gcs oft he name W.Guevl, Corn. Guelv, portunat. lip. ofThriip; Gaers, Grafs rchence \V KyvlyA;y, Corn Golovas, The Gaerftun, Pij/wrf; Thc-orl'wald, travail of a woman in Child-birth. There are alfo on the other hand., a Threjhold , Caerfe Ctr.e, diverfi Words of common ufi to this S. W. Hcuvror, Corn. Huerval Crefs, whence Ea-caerle , WaterDay in the Ancient Scotifh, or ( as Huevral The month Fe[ ] of crejfes; Q,\i.xnhfi\oW'i.,Cumberland, bruary. Nov) call'd) Irifll Language; tekich Culfre , a culver [ or Pigeon ] were once common to them, with the W. Dyfl-ryn , Arm. Trauien ^ Bleadre, a Bladder Bolltre, a Galley. Britans, but have been longfncedifBolfter; Authre, another; Aicontinu'dhy us fuchas I Ard High, [ Engl. Haefeldan, Lat. Helvetii, re or Aldre, an Elder, lirun,Burn The Swizzers: Haeftldan fignifrom whence probably we have taken Bourn , a Brook ; as a'fo a our Garth J a promontory as alfo fies as much as XJp-hiU Men or InSpring ; Brig Burg, a Bridge habit ants of the High Fells. Ardh Hardh in the names of Brid Bird, a Chick, Sec. Places fuch as Ardhy [ or Ardh Hiuhvoeliet { as a Cornijl} Britan N. W. Eskob [(7rEfgop ] S. W. would pronounce it feemstohave ahy ] a very fteep Rock at Lhan BeEsbo^, Ir. Easbag, Corn. Ifpak. been the word out of which the Roris /» the County of Caernarvon: a Bijiop. mans by Tranj^ofition and their Hardhlcx nono Harie;e m MeirioLhefg, Ir. Lagfa, Feeble: Lhtdown Termination made Helvetii: nydh, <^c. 2 Blathuin [ Al. Blaglel'g , ir. Leath-Iagl'a, fomewhat We of Wales wouldJay Yu.;t;voeTo milk; whence our Guarhuin weak. liaid, i.e. Altiorum montium Iniheg bhthion, milch Cows 3 KvAi, Uisk oruifg] The names of diW. t Koeg; for what the Iridi call cola:. verfi Rivers ;'w<Gaul and Britain, Kna Kyxa, »>w Wellh Knay Koi- N.W. Mevis, Corn 8cS.W. Sevi has been vartoujly Pronounced by t

&

'I'ul,

A

;

.

&

&

A

:

;

.

&

&

;

&

&

)

W

.

)

;

.

I

&

a Jhcep , wheiice our Syvi j Straw-berries Jheepfold ; 5 Kara, a W.Hidhigl, Corn Filgeth; Soot. friend, W. f Kar. 6 Match, Good, W. TTangncdhev,al.Tangnevedh. Peace. W. t Mad. 7. Druim, a back, W. Plow. I Trim 6c Drim, whence Drim y W. Aradr, Corn. Ardar, To, Drim y m\ nydh, ttx ridge W.Taradr, Corn. Tardar, An Auger. rf a houfe and of a mountain. Glaine Gloine, Glafs ; whence W. EdrvA;iad , Ir. Dearka&h , gion.

IsSx.,

4..

the old^n^\\i\\:

\s.or\zn, .a

A

&

xanmuth

Druid Amulets call'd Ad( tho' made of Glafs ) in

Oxnaford

Ir.

&

Draoidh, a Druid.

Wales caWd Gh'i- W.Dros Draus, Ir.Tairis, Over. IV. nadroedh 8. Minna, an Oath, t Eng. Ricfa & R ifca, Ryjh. ; whence our word J\,lyn always us'don t Eng. Fidas Fifcas, F>Jh. Scotland, are in

& &

Myu

A

ift.

Kcs or

Exmouth 3d. Ex 4th. Ox. whence ;

;

or Oxford, ^th. Ux, Vxbridge, &c. Nor does Wufa, the Old Name of the River \i;s

Sight.

W .Deruydh,

dcr-fteucs

,

Exaceafter.

&

thofe Old

As

AcCc, whence Acfan- <»W Acfcanzd. Eacs ^ '^ Ea.x mynfter. ] whence Eaclanceafter , Excefler Eaclanminfter, Exminper ; £a-

,

,

feem any other than Pronunciation of it.

OBSERVAT.

a Corrupt

lago, mvn t Eng. Aclan, To Ask. IV. Mo/J, Early, t Eng. Acfe Afce, Ajlces. W. t Soon whence the Proverb W.KIommen, Ir.Kolm A Pigeon Befdes this AccidentalTranjpoftmoz a dysk niuv mab huyad, Mo.x Klymmy , Corn. Kelma , To tion ofLetters, which is owing mere!-; artem difeit natandi, puUut anatis Bind to mifspronunciation, there is aljo a and alfo fomtimes Early, as mayfecm N.W. Kuilidh, S W. KuidhU, Defgn'd or Induftrious one of Comfrom that Epithet of ike Sun, in Shame; Ir Y.\XX.hi\, Baf'fiitt. pound words which ( as indeed all Maiinogi; Mo;t;-dhuyrt-aug hyan W. Klouodh, Ir. Kiialadh, He\Compounds) fo difguife thm; that B Strangers

that occafion; as

Mair,

Myn

Elian.

9.

;

W

|

;

\

^

;

;,

TIT.

I.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY. OBSERVAT.

ObsIV. Transposition! Of Compounds.

ob

V.

Initial Vowels PreM I s'd.

Strangers -who -would he Curious , to the Ori^m of a Language, fuch Words its af^cannot d:fcer7t,

s.

vi.

ddd

i

t

i

on

Middle Vowels. Stannum, W. yftaen.

of

!

Status, W.yftad. A. Was often Premis'd by fame of Stadium, W. yftod. the Latins to words that Ufually, Stabulum, W. yftavelh. The Cornijlo Cafaity tokh others and of Courfe, began with \L- As Sterto, W. yftrewi. bmlygadzhak, for example, vhich We agree herein with the French appears from feveral Antique Inbe thought^ l^gnifics f'juint-eyed would Ipio I'ecundino, co- who aljb uje a Vowel before fitch Lafcriptio7is tho' ''very -wide from our Lhygatcam, gnato meo, cum til. luis, libcrtis, tin words; as is above Exemplified Pro?!u?iciatio7t

\fee into

m

:

U

\

:

be but their corrupt Aiid\ of thejlime word, traufpos'd: a 'very often they that are Maflers of

I

it

Language make no tho' it fame times

Jiich

leads

Reflexion us

into

libertabulque

Fabr.

Antonia

Magna

aeonnn. in the Letter E.

N. 138

101.

p.

V ir- OAkjjS^, Obliquus. Mr. Men.

Calliffima

M

go, quas vixic An. XVIII. nil. Di. XIII. aeam domum eternam quam, compararunt,df«'

clearer Notion of Obfolcte Words as may appear from thefoUorpivg Ex-

lb.

amples of Tranff option , in fame Old Britijh and Greek proper Names.

p

144.

N.

16 J.

And

H

Initial Vowels Af^erated , or Premis'd to words beginning with

Vowels.

this

A ajid Ear /E for E, occurrs frequently as well in the middle

)

and

final Syllables, as in the Initial, as

Wal. A,ac&ag, A7id, Arm.

&hac.

W. VV

for Pofterifq; ibid. nis

XXI. Menfes

p. 15.

Villi.

-AnDiae-

bus II. p. ^I,&c. Inflances of the

A Name

;

Etto, ret, Ar.

Ha

Armor. Hano.

Arm.Hevlenc

& Cor. Huath.

Agos, Near, Arm. Hogos. VV.y^'enaid,^5i^/;'i Arm. HuiV\'.

Corn. Hanadzhan. ; YAihedydh, Lark, Armor. Huidet. nal

iMter A Pre misd; Monfieur Menage, w his

[ScMeirxiaun] Kyn- Other

viitx.

Enu,

.Eleni,r;&>;f Tear.

Posterisqjuae Eorum, W.

MeilvryA; (for eafier Pronunciation caird MeilyrPi ) Bry;t;vael. Melgad, Kadvael. Maeldeiu, Dervael. Mar;v;guii

omnium

;

a

MarA;wydh ( 6c MarAiwcithian GwydhvarX.

Annq.

A

W.

Origin! Delia Lmgua, Italiana W.An.1 ifromGitu^ RotighjCora. Haru. French Didt. Etymologiquc , W. t Eden, Bird; Corn, f Hetakes Notice of: fuch as then. Bericoccum, An Apridew , Arm Penvras , or as in Lat. Barb. W. Mi a elwes, I call'd; Corn. cock. Fr. Abricot. Norman - EvgHfh Groftell: Blade. Fr Alumelle. Mi a hylwys. Lamella, Grofthead) T/;? Agnomen of L. Bay-tree. Ital.Alloro W. Oes, An Age, Corn, f Huis. Malcolm the third. King of Scot- L.Laurus, Gall or Oak-apple ; W. Yxod, Above, Corn f Hu;(;ot. Galla , L. land. And from this Lat. Acuo, W. Hogi, To Whet. Span. Agalla. Gurgcn &c Gurgent, Kynnuaur Learned and Ingenious Author, I Lat. Altus, Fr. f Hault, M. Haut. Mengant, Kynvyn. borrow Etymolo- L. Ames amitis, Fr. Ha7ite. jhaU occafionaUy Mengad, Kadvan. gical Objervations in rewed of L. Oleum, Fr. tluile. Idrys,Rhvfdyd. the French, Spanifli anaizzYan L. Oftreum, Fr. Huitre. Tydvyl, Ilhtyd. L. Ofteum, Fr. Hiiis. Gr iioTi, Lat. Apud ydJ'Etym. Ynhu;K, Hyxan. Attic «5w- L. Alcia , Fr. Hache. SiCiEol. a(!-<pi pro o-^i Cracippus, Hippocrates. i L. Ovum, Sp. Huevo. faXvi, &c. Id. xvi pro Archippus, Hipparchus. L. Ofca, [ City 0/ Spain ] Span. E. Anaxippus, Hipponax Huejca. Lat. Species, Fr. Efpcce. Damalippus, Hippodamus. L. Orphanus, Sp. Huerfano. Lat. Spargere ; Fr. E^ardre. Lyfippus, Hippolytus. L. Os, oflis, Sp. Hiielfo. Lat. Sperare ; Fr. Efperer. Menippus, Hippomenes. Some of the Old Latins af^erated Fr. Efpi?ie. L. Spina, Cleollratus, Stratocles. the Initial Vowels of diverje words L. Schola, Fr. Efcole. Cleander, Androcles. 7tow conflantly written without a7i L. Studere, Fr. Efiudier. Nicolaus, Laojiicus. IEo\. "Eowm pro Oi(o» ; Mmht pro as frequently appears by Old InNicander, Andronicus. Mmhn. fcriptions. -Libcrtis Libeitabufq; yoff. Nicodcmus, Demonicus. nhii pro polterisq; heorum Fabr. JSS. p 54.6. Attic. '£«;«» pro »f«» , Nicoftratus, Stratoniciis. N. 6. This we aljb find Noted by 'ii^m, &c. Id. Dorotheus, Theodorus. hi Roman Infcriptions , we find Aul. Gellius. H. literam, five iUam Dofitheus, Theodofms. fpiritum magis quam literam dici added oi the frequently before E 1, Timotheus, Iheotimus. well 171 the beginning as /;/ the middle oportet, Infercbant veteres noftri Philothcus, Theophihs. or final Syllables as E I D U S for pleril'que vocibus verborum firPhiloftratus, Stratophilus. mandis roborandifque ut (onus caIdus, E I M u s for Imus, (^c. Philodemus , Demophilus. rum eflet vividior vcgetiorq; atq; Diogenes, Gennadius. id videntur teciflTe ftudio exemLat. Ipfe a Dor. -^'t, <rtpi Voff". Critodemus, Democritus. faStj! "JvAuTTfj Populus Hifpa- plo lingua; Attics, &c. Gel. 1 1 III.

Maelgun, Kynvael. Morgant , Kynvor Morgan Pen-jjhejice Keanmor, fq.d. \\

&

&

A

.

&

A A A

'

&

GR

A

H

&

:

&

&

Addition Of Initial

.

niae. Id.

Letters

v,A-ni

The Order of Letters Objerv'd m Comparative Etymology are

5c

"lyyi-n; didti

Rhodii. Id.

y

y is added in the Welfh beforefuch The Vowels : a e i y y o u. with words as it has common with the Lai^Latin begin with Sc. Sp.or St. tin; their Augmentative or Note of

this I.

X. 3.

W. W.

yrgol. Lat. Schola, Afpiration, H. yi%i2C^h.. Labial Mutes: P b f [or ph] V m. Lat. Scapha, Scribo, \V. yfgriveDny. Palatal Mutes k [ or c ] yigyb. Scopa:, gh ng ; to which h might be alfo :

g%

W. added, as a frequent Subptute\Szumm, W. yfguyd. Spatium, W. ysbaid. of c and X. L. Lingual lHutes: t d th dh f 2. Sceleratus, W. yfgeler. Spongia, W. ysbung. as when Liquids, or fuch Letters, they begin a word, admit 0/ wo Spinus, W. yipydhaden. CoTifonants immediatly after them: S'^liOy W. yipelio. Spiritus, W. ylpryd. llh n r rh. '

1

5'.

'

OBSERVAT, VI. Additon Of Middle Vowels.

A

W.Kraig, Rock, Corn Karrak. Nut, Corn. KyW. Kneyen,

A

nyphan. Corn. Guav, Winter, ^V. Gaiav. Ir. Glaine, Bright7iefs; W. Goleini.

The Roimns frequently Vowels in our

Britifli

inferted

proper names,

as we fi7id by thefefoUowi7ig Examples of Britifh names fill well known in Wales.

I

-1

;,

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I. Addition

Obs.VII.

,

Oi-

La

Obs.

& Kynwal

Kynvael

Br.

ption

m Cornwall,

Lat. Cu-

;

Obs.

AiA{,«

Infer i-

TERs Added. Engl. IVorth, W. Gucrth. Engl. Wild, W. Guylht.

Pudor. Pampinus.

Afi^Ao;,

Et\%\.AWren, Corn. Guradn. Engl Wandring, Corn Guandrc.

tfhich tceJkaU

again have occajion to take no- F. Lat. Ladtare, Fr. Flater. Raperc, Fraper. tice of. Br. Kadvan, Lat. Catamannm. Infcrip at Lhan GaJwaladr in An-

'AMi;, .^ol. Tr/wf^i, fiya

OjfWOM,

glclcy.

Fclis.

ipitiXo;, i

and

Tyrnog, Lat Tighernacus.

Br.

Rom.

Br. Kradog or Cradoc, rat acus.

Rom.

Br. Bydhig,

Ca-

Mars.

Ixvo,-,

jM(>tl(J{.

'Oja;,

Obfervable that the Initial

Gu

is

common

Italians

to

the Britans

and that

the Romans freijuently began fuch words with

RrlCaf\va]haim,Rom. C^/^i'f M«»«f Br. Maelgim, Lac. Maeloamus corruptly Ma^lociinus.

'Tis

with the French, Spaniards and

Frago, frango.

(ptfliicu.

"A{i;i,

Palatal Let.

VIII.

ters Added.

we find by an

novallus, as

Palatal Let-

VIII.

BiAL Letters.

;

an V. Confonant , the IrilLl with an F. and the Teutonic Languages with .oiwe find by thefe

W

fxittf

f«o{a/;,

following Examples.

MonS.

;

Lat. Vagina, Ir Faigkin-,

Labial Letters

2.

Boadicea.

Lhong-Dhin, l.ongodmium. YAjcl-Ohin, Axelodumm. Bryn-Dhin, B-atmodunum.

B.

Wal.Gummon,

ain, Ual

Inferted.

Sea-weed [hit.

W.Gu-

Guaina.

Lat. Vcfper, Ir

W. Go-

Feaskor,

fpcr. Arm Guefper Alga] Corn. Gubman. L. Vigili^E, Ir. Fell; \V. Guyl. Pigeon i Corn. KyKlommen, L.Vinum, Ir Fin; Guin. Kam-Dhin , Can:hodmium. lobman. L. Vcrus, Ir. F;V; W. Guir. Kam-ryd , Cavihoritum. Amrant, The Eye-lid; Corn. Ab- L. Vir, h.Fearr; Giir. Kynw)', Conoviurn. rans. L. Vicis,Vice, Ir, Fdoi; VVGuaith. Kaer ;t;ymwy, Coriniutv. Kam, Crooked ; Com. Kabm. So Valeo, WI.Galhy Velum, Corn. Myr-Dhin, Muridmmm. Hook; Corn. KrobKrymman, Goil Vencnum, W. Guenuyn; Dey-Dhur, or perhaps Dv-Dhur man. Verbum, G<z/> ; Verius G«Divodurum. Plum, Lead; Com. Plobm. fry; Vicia, G«7g; WAto^tofee Drvs-\'acs, Drufomagus. Tuym, Warm Corn. Tybm. whence Giiydh, Sight, andQ,\xy(\The like Orthography -we find to And this Rule of Injirting B. behog, Conjpicuous; Viduus, Guhave been Obferv'd by the Old Enin the Cornifll, has but fore an edhu; Vlgilo , Guilio; Vilij gliih for they vrote , few exceptions, though it be but a Gudl. Swanwick, f Swana-wic. late Corruption. In the Latin words Virgo, Arm. Guerx.es; Viridis, •i^'"^''j' Tamworth, f Tamaweorthige. I ,1 r u c " ' borrow djiby theFicnch,6pini{hand ^..'.j... t?,.„ljL Guyrdh , \t:, Vitrum , Guydyr , ^c. Wad ing-ftreet, fWaetlinga-firaete Italian, when L. or K. follows M. B Ventus, Engl Wind; W. Guynt. Urchinfield, t Urcingafeld. is frequently Interpos'd As in the Vallum, Wall, Gual Cylda-hyrd [q- d. Child-herd] following Inflances. Vefpa, Engl Waj^ ; Fr. Guefp School- M.jfer. Fr. [& Engl.] Lat. Humilis, Vatto, Fs\g\.ToWafl; Ital. GuaThe fame we alfo often meet Tfithj

A

W W

A

-,

i

W

.

-,

;

'

M

\

I

A

:

Humble.

in thofe

from

Languages that are deriv'd

L.

r^e Latin.

Lat Sinius,

Legimus,

NumcrarCj

Nombrar ^

Sp.

ftare.

Fr.

Vadum, Engl To Wade

Nombrer.

Ital.

Siamo.

L. L.

Lcgiamo.

Ital.

Amcmus, Ital. Amiamo. Almus, Sp Ala^vo. Salmanca, Sp. Selamanca. Mel, Fr. Miel, Fd,fiel i Galenus, Galien i Bene, Bieii.

Cofmus

adoi F'r Gue. Engl. iVar; Fr Guerre

Rumex, Rumice, Ital. Rombice. Gremium, Ital. Grembo.

Ovis

'o;'?.

vernus lacio

fuppos'd by

is

from

VoCT. deriv'd Xsgs<o5,

Ico.

Afpctum ^ 'A-/foj, Ager; f^in, Callanea j Cieo ab Antiq. Cio i quod ex xiu Vado "a«.o«, Alius; Kjy'/sf, Cranium ; iirrfor

Z:i«<pivf

pro

,

Heja^flfl

'Atm^tfTni;

,•

^c.

iElculapius,

Woe: Woe ate,

To

OBSERVAT.

VII.

;

Ovum

«»», ri/j«,-,

Cervus

;

;

iofn!,

unto theel

W.Gudiit

Guai

Ital

ti.

wind up , Sp Guindar z. Inferted.

Lat. Seligo, Ital. Scelgo.

Lat. Selefta,

Ital.

Scelta.

Lat. Solutus, Ital Sciolto. Lat. Separate, Ital. Scevare.

A-

Curvus. Navis.

The Britans

"na,

anciently inferted

G.

of words fometimes out of regard to their Derivation and fometimes in imitation of thefame Orthography, unnecejfarily ; writing. in the midfl

A^io;, Achivus. 'Af/ti^, Argivus ; 4i«{j Divus, &c.

;

.,

OBSERVAT. Vm.

Kadugan, Cacj:;uoj;an. Kadualhon, Cac5uallon.

Palatal Letters Added.

Kadualadr, Cavj:;ualat)aji. Iduaihon, Irjuallon. Rhiuallon, Rij;uallon. Lat Rana, Corn. Kranag, ^Frog. Elwy \river'\ El5uy. Lat. Radix, Com Guredhan, W. Tywy, Tyj^ui. Tawy, Ta^ui. Gureidhin. I

Addition Of Labial Letters.

j

Sp Guerra.

;

VVoad, Ital Guado; Fr. Guelue, Sp. Gualda

L. Homo, homine ; Sp. Hombre. L. Fames, Sp. Hambre. L. Nomen, Nomine, Sp. Nombre. L. Cumulus, Sp. Cumbre. L. Lumen, Lumine ; Sp. Lumbre. l\l. Lat. Cubitus, Ital. Combito.

Ital. , cofimo; Spafmus Spafimo i Lxtus , Ueto ; PhanL Cubo, Incumbo. talma, "Fantafima. Gr. Avi'iai, Xttu, Xx%Mu, XufAx'u. Serra, Span. Sierra, Grxcus, GrieV. Interpos'd betwixt Vvwels.

goj Dente, Diente.

Gu-

Ital.

;

Palatal Letters premis'd.

.

Ranunculus , Fr. Grenoville. Mynuy, Mynjui. The Welfli and Cornilh add the Mymwy, Mypnjui

Lat. I

.

Labial Letters Pretnis'd.

\

Letter G. before fuch words as are Dourdwy, Douji&^ui. borrow' d from the Englifhi if the Peduar, Pcrjuaji. Keiduad, ceir^uati. Englilli irorrfr ^^/«7P/r^ ,

B. Lat. Lmfus, Fr. Blefer. Lat. Rufjitus, Ft. Bruit.

La: Rufcus,

al.

W.

Brujcus.

The

..tolians

and Lacedemonians

added

B. to the

Beginning of divers

words, yls ^iciafor fisa;

p! for P.

^ij^tt

for i^fit

ttpi, hftf^iiitfor (uSitii,

Oi7i.<u, GiTtf,

Puto,

Scil.

;

B«-

&C.

fEngl Walfted, An W. fGwalftod:

A

glJTJeft ti a

Interpreter

i

;

gant Gurhir

I I

hhrncnyih, hcr^ncrwz^&c. The Irilli who have kept their Letters and Orthography beyond all

their Neighbouring Nations, JlillconGuallVod pob iaith gyuyr ? A wncl duylh ev a duylhir. finue the fame , which makes their "n-ritten Language appear very difEnglyn. y klyued..

amputo. Engl.

A Weather, S.W.Guedhar. C

ferent

from what

they

^ak

;

we

^

as

.

.

TIT.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Lingual Mutes

Obs.IX.

Added. find

(>y

the foUoTDing Examples.

Lingual Mutes Obs.X. Liq^jids Added.

Obs. IX.

Added. W. Pladyrur, A Mower

lar Orthography, in Fabf. ISS. ;

Ir.

Spea-

An-

Expl P417. NevePosthac Inter Sed Coniovravisse

tiq.

—

ladoir.

The Face ] it svritten Aj^hai&h. W.Praidh,^ According to fome, a Velet Neve Qvisqvam F"!B6r, Deaf; Boshaji. This is otherFlock or Herd; according to others, dem Inter Sed Dedisse Velet and that •wife -written Boshaji j a prey. Ir 'SiY'tc., Cattle Ni:vE In Pvblicod Neve more truly, hecaiife it agrees with We alfo find S. Premis'd in other Preivatod Nev Extrad Vrbem the Britijh Bydhar, which is of the Languages asXtlil. Piaggia, Spiag- — De Senatvos Sententiad, &c. fame fignification. gia ; Quadrones, S^uadrones ; Span. hi the Cornifli the zh. is freBrai, The Breafi ; Bjiajhaiah. Umbra, Sombra, &:c. qiiejitly added after d. in the TerBrad, The Neck ; Bpa^hat).

yi r

:

Breflax,

A Dream

i

mination, as well as inferted in the

Bpcat^haj-lach

W

2,. Inferted. middle; As Guaed Bloud; Inthe(Zom\[\\, D. is frequently Corn.Gudzh. W. Lhuyd, Gray; Deavola^j, Sweet -fcejitedi Deagh- inte-rpos'd betwixt a Vowel and the Corn. Ludzh. Letter N. as we find by the followbholach. X. DealavraAi , Eloque7it ; Deaghla- ing Cornifli words compar'd with the Welfli: tho' this be hut a corbhjiach. Liqjjids Added. Deahoil, Benevolencei Deajhchoil. rupt Pronunciation of no lo7ig fta?idI. Premis'd. L. the ing ; for we don't fnd it fo Deaj^hnach. The ;

iM-taJiedi Deagh-

Deavlafta, bhlajra.

OBSERVAT.

Deana;ii,

m

laft

Diioighneach. few Ancient Kemains we have of that Language. F'ajhail. ; Fovanan, AThiJlk; Fojhbhanan. W. Bruynen, ^/?#iCorn. Brydnan. Larog, fork or profig ; Laghjioj. Lain, The Province of Leinfter i \N.Vrcn,Timber; Cor. Predn. Droinea;);, Thorns;

Fai], To get or procure

A

W. Prcn \or Guydhan] a vale An Apple-tree Corn. Guedhan ^

;

lavalu.

Lac. Avis,

Arm. Labus.

Lac. Hedera, Fr. Lierre. Corn. Guydn, Lac. Inde mane, Yx.Lendemain. White, and Guydl\3.k, a Whiting. Lac. Indidum, Fr. Laitdi. &c. Lac. El vum, Ital Lero. Head; Corn. Pedn in the midft, tut alfo fomeii'mes in W. Pea, Breajf Corn. Brodn. Lac. Horndus, Ital. Lordo. the Termination, -writing Da^h W. Bron, Ital. Ad ice, S^Ladice; Aubrate& Corn. One-cfd; W-yn-lhyseidiog, for Da Good; Fogh for F03 Sogh Laubrate, &c. ydn lygadzhak. Gr. "Am;, Labos, Labor. W. Guan, Weak; Corn. Guadn. Dinner; Corn. N. W.Kinnio, IX. Kidnio. And in fome words of Arm. e &cn] Heaven; W.Ne omitted, &:N(-v. kind is quite this the N. Added. Lingual Mutes Fr. Sc Engl. Heron, Arm. Nerun. as Hedda that, for hedna ; I. Vremis'd. Hvnny. And fo alfo in the La- Lat. Umbilicus, Fr. Nombril. as Tubby, a Dim. Lac. Anla, Fr. Nance. bial Letters Haxo or Ha-wthornW. Ogvan, of Thomas from Tubmy, (ire Ital. Ebbio& Nebhio; Aranzo Berry i Arm. Togan. Naranzo ; Afcondere, NafcondeW. Ken, S'ca/fJ; Arm. Skant. W. Zh Inferted after by the Cornini re Al'po, NaJ^o.Suc. Kan , U^ite j Arm. Bara Skan, MaTuhet i panis filigineus. Arm. W. Lhydu, Ajhes Corn Lidzhu. z. Inferted. L. Flower; Corn. W.Blodeyin, Kydon, a Ring-Dove W.Yl-

Laij;hin or Laij^hion; a7id fo in Hundreds of other toords not only

W.Guyn,

IVhite;

A

A

;

A

OBSERVAT.

W

A

;

&

D

;

;

A

;

Lat. Acanthinus, Fr. Aiglantine.

Bledzhian.

kythan.

W. Diwcdydh, The after

C. Lac. Aijusedudtus, Sp. Alcaduz.. Lac. Amygdala, Sp. Almendra. Dyhodzhydh. S.W.Hudy, To Vomit; Corn. Lac. Amylum, Sp. Almidon. Gr. rag<«i., Lac Gloriari. Huedzha. W. Boydy& Bcydy, ACow-houfe; N. Lac. Chelidonia, Engl. Celendine. Corn. Boudzhi. L. lafpis, Ital. Diajpro. Needle; Lac. Nodwydh, Corn. FormolUs W. Forjr.onfus Hic L. Amita, Fr. Tante. I acet Ille SiTvs Marcvs ForNadzhedh. Gr. ''E.^ilivhi, Terebinthus. Pudding; C. monsiorV^llo. Fabr. Iss. p.374. Such -words as in the Britidl begin W. } Guaedogen, N. 169. So in fome Ancient MaGudzhygan. with L. M. N. or P. ha-je frequentnufcript Copies of Virgil W. Kredy, To Believe; Corn. Forly the Letter Sfremis'dinthe Iridi. MONSVM Pastor Corydon, i^fc. Kredzhi. SleaElm; Ir. W.Lhuyven, An Totiens ; Elephas Moufe ; Corn. Lac. Tocies W. Lhygoden , van Elephant us. W. Lhadh, To Kill; Ir. Slid , Lvgodzhan. Dourne a -word us'd about Toloufc. M- Men. L.Aquse, Fi.Daqs; The name of a Tov>7i. L. Unde ; Ital. Donde. Lac.

Urna,

Fr.

:

noon.

A

&

:

A

:

A

W.

Slaughter.

W.U^i-fn.Ayard;

W. Umyih, ATrihe

Ir.

Eidolon,

A

&

Corn Ud-

zheon.

Ir.Slat. ;

BuUock;

Slead.

W. Adar y Drydion, Stares; Corn.

&

Lac. Lacerna, Fr. Lanterjie. Lac Pavicare, Ital. Paventare.

Lat Lucra,

leal.

Lojitra.

Lac. Locufta, Sp. Langojla. Edhnowtrodzhan. Malvoden,.^ S}iail; Corn Mol- Ical. Ficcare, Sp. Hincar. Healthy Gr. i-ns'-™, Lac. Cencum. huydzhon. W. Lhynky, To Swallow ; Ir.SluDay ; Corn. Gr. Aum;, Lat. Denfus ; '^;t;^;>PinWal. Diiurnod , gadh. guis j /fija. Lingo, (^c Dzhyrna. .hhuvun. Smooth Jr. Sleavan. R. Lhivo, To Grind; Ir. Sliovadh,

W.Lhauen, ;

chearfull ; Safe, Sound.

Ir.

Slan,

W

.

A

W W W

;

1-

Poli/hing. .

LhiAiva eira,

A Lodge or

Bed

Added in

the Terminatio}t.

DorT.is often added by

gar in the Modern Fnglifh, after of Snow ; Ir. fSlo^Ji fine. Muyal^:, An Ouzle or Black- words Terminating in n or ne. As bird ; Ir. Smyla;^. Fine, Find; VJinc^Wind ; Line, a "W M.'o.'jzr, Black-berries ; Ir.Smer, Lind; Sermon, a Sermond: So VV. Ken, Scales, Arm. Skant. W.Mer, A/arrow; Ir. Smir. In Old Roman Ivfcriptions . we ."Novio, Swimmi?/g i Ir.Snav. Needle Ir. Snafometimes ; W. Noduydh, find the Letter D. redun-

W.

W

A

dafit i» the Terjnination

thad.

W. Nadhy,

Chipping

;

Ir.

Snoiadh.

:

very Remarkable one for

Lat. Papilio,

Arm.

Parpilivv.

the vul5.

W.

fmgu-

the Ternmiation.

Henui, To name; Ar.Henuel.

W.Galu, To call; S.

Ar. Keruel.

W. Hufy, Tofweati Arm. Fiuzreal.

W.

Synny, To take care of; Arm.

Songall.

As in that W. its

Added in

Krio, To

ball or cry cut.

Arm.

Crial.

Lat.

:

:

Vowels (Emitted.

La:. Alioqui

Alioqini-

,

qui, C^teroquin

Obs.

Stallion

Atijui, yif^uia.

;

Labial Mutijs Obs.XIU. Palatial LetOmitted. ters Omitted. Afia, an Afs; Hara G r Mi«,/Eol. r«; |ui;te4f, .,^1 i^^g,;

XII.

Cxtcro-

,

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TlT.I. Oiis.Xl.

.

i

.

Harea ] an Hare Wrcnna, a /Eol. 'tx,e^i. Lcca, a Leech or Chirur- M«A,. Ala ^;Axrt ; i

Vid. Muret. Var. Left. L. ap.

[

Ch.

Wren

7.

Cato, Pollio, Scipio

mx-

Kmtuh,

j

;

geo>!

i

Iburcha, Fourth;

bait Arm. Buet. \V. Ahuid, Lac. Abbatifla, kal BadcJJh. Lac. Amurci, leal. Morca. Miraglio. leal. Amiraglio Fr. Avanc-gard, Sp. Fanguardia.

Eoreh-hnucu,

;

\\'

i

& Lhiiyven.

OBSERVAT. r.

Lac Epiphania, lu\ Befa7iia. Elccmofyna, leal. Lemofir/a. Gr. 'AftiA^oi, Lat Muigeo. leal. Innxnzi&c Narizi.

Naranza.

W.ymododh, He hatMd.

Ir.

Do

mhoehuydh fe.

W.

ylgavn , Arm. Scan

'Light.

Com.

Sg.av

.

;

& Arm. Skauan& Sgan.

A

Shoulder.,

Skudli, Arm. Skoadh. W. t.vfgyvarn, An Ear Skoarn ; &c.

Middle VoTveh

1.

A

in the

.

&

Lab. omitted in the Termination. Beard; Corn. Bar. W. Kuruv Kuru, Ale; Com. Cor. Corn.Fav, Beans; W. Fa.

Dream i

Ir.

Vod

A &

OBSERVAT.

Ir.

Fuar, Coldi

Ir. Fiiiri,

W.

Xin.

Palatal Letters Omit-

Oer.

To flay, exped or

W. Aro&

deferr

aros. I.

In the Beginning.

W.Krav,

M.

fon.

Ir.

Cramh;

Engl. R.im-

AjortofwildGarlick

;

Romans,

in

Fecit. Fabr. p. +8-

— Avr.

—

ME IntEgritatis Et Castitatis ExEMPLL lb. p. 171- LO. M. Et IvxoNi Regine Reines. Synt. Iss. p.49. N.aj.

As alfo L I E. Heuti Conivgi Victoria Fein

cit

Bene Qvesovemti.

N.

36.

Fabr. j 7 3. DvLCISSl-MIS Ces-

QvENTinvs.Ibid ^•^C.in. And V. after QJ^EDISEQi.'s

lb.

Clavum qem mi rcliquifti Soqe me dclblaili, p. a^fJ. Karico qui bixic annos qadragiiita bono marieo, bone mcmoric. p.^70.^3.).. :

la

.

Byftyl '

\V. Hucru.

Arm. Arm. Malven, Ir. Mala; A» Eye-\ VV. Krig, Ir. KrLU;t, Engl. Aruck; hroto W.Acl. ariik. Com. Mclhucz & f Melhuec, ^1 W. Kraig, Y.t^^. ARock. Omitted. roor^/j Lark. Lat. Alauda. Tfe W- Krun, Engl /{o«W.

Satvrnine Defvncte, (ire lb. lyy. Regine Dvlcissime,Svm-

3

S.

;

i

any fart of a vord, as appears by —— CoRK'ELivs Philostorgvs Conivgi Carissi-

i 10.

Bitter

F.

«•

divers Injiriptions.

FiLIS

Amams

VV. Barv,

Raigh.

Gr. **«. Lac.Aio. VofT Corn. Qx.<b^jni, (pfiivn. Rana. Id.

Diphthong AE. was fre-

quejitly omitted by the

ME

A

,

Ir.

Rigo. Id. Rugio. Id.

j

;

W.Yfguydh,

Lac.

Bj!<^oi.|i(s6<,

Scanbennek, Defultorj. q. d. Wal. yfgavnbcnnog. \ ikaucn. An Elder-tree Corn.

W

Ef'Ai'"!

al.

3.

An Arm;

RaidhOTw. Bij!7A;o;. Raucus.

Olyfippo, Sp. Lishona

ac.

Brai^;,

Orccchio- \V. Breidhuyd

ni, Recckioai. I

VV. Bymifll, The GaU,

Ir.

B.

W.

Fucina. ;

;

;

Corn. Bczl.

leal. Bieco.

& Uezro

A

Pig

Arkan. Lat. Plalraus, Fr. Seame.

Orezzo

;

Ir.iafg.

I'orkyn,

Lae. Obfcurus, leal Sciiro.

leal.

A

W. Avy, The liver; Ir Ae. W. Sovol, Stable Corn. Zoul. W. Ivangk, Toung; Corn. lungk. W. Lhyvyr, A Book Arm. Leur. Corn. Fa van, A Bean W. Faen ;

VV.Pvsk, AFiJh;

W. Por/;elh &

&

,

S.

P.

Lac. Pciianc, Fr. Tifane.

leal.

XIL

Initial Labials Omitted.

Lac. lnftrumencum,Ieal. Stronievto

Lac Obliquus,

A

W

Labial Mutes Omitted.

L

Lac. Officina,

Ir f Ni Luilim, I darenot. VV. Lhavan, Blade of a Sword, Knife, &ic. Ir. Lainne. Kevcn The Back ; Com. Arm. Kf;'», whence the Frcncii <jWEngl. Chine VV. Tcrvyn, limit ; Jr. Tcoran.

J

Lac. Eremica, leal Romita. Lac. Eruca, Ital Ri/ca ScRuquetta.

hal. Inaranzia, Sp.

Earth-nut or

W. Kuril, Ale; Corn. Kor. W. Lhiu, Colour Ir. Li.

Lhuyv

.

an-

pig-jiut.

&

An Eh"

Corn.Elau,

Middle Labials Omitted.

&

Initial.

I.

1. ^

Arcwc, the River Arrow or Yar- Gr."rT.»f. W. Hvn; sleep. row ; Abbandune, Abbmgdon; i Engl Hrofcceafccr, Rochefler. Bcamdune, Bampton-, Cridian- t Engl. Habuc Hafbc, A Hawk; tune, Cirdington i Ciric [orKiHcafod, a Had; Hlarbrd, a rik eunc, a church-yard, &c. Lord; l.ivcrk, a Lark. Trcou, a Tree; Hnucu, a nut: W. Lhavaly, To dare or attempts

OBSERVAT. XL Vowels Om itted. A

Axilla.

Fit'cha,

Avon

Fifth. /Efcnc, the River

Firweh omitted in the Termination.

might perhaps have been ^f^fi W. Krocs, Engl. The Rood. placed amongsl the Examples of \V. Kryr, Heron; Ger. Raher. Labial Lceccrs Prcmis'd, and VV.Klyn,Lac.Clunisi Engl^i>/7i. like mifiakes ( tho' they are not VV.Klod, Pr^z/f,- Lac. Laudis.

A

A

material ) may frequently Ir. KrQch, form or Jhape ; \V. happen in Etymological ObfervaRhich. tions. Alauda, Pliny tells us, was t Engl Crag, The Neck whence a a Gaulifli -word, denotingthefame Rack. Bird -which the Romans had for- Germ. Krauc, VV. Guraidh, L. merly from its CreficaU'd GaleriRadix, Belg. Raet, Eligl Root. ta Qux ab apicc Galeriea ap- Com. Kranag, Frog; F>. Grcpellaca quondam, poftca Gallico noville, Lat. Raaa. vocabulo ceiam Legionis nomcn Lac. Cribrum, Ir. jRiovar, dederac alaudx. PI. Nae. Hift. 1. sieve. •very

,-

A

:

A

That the Cornifli Mel- VV.Garu, Ger. Rauh Engl. Rough. huec or { which is all the fame ) VV. Gryg, Heath [ Hifp. Brcco ] y vclhuee, is the fame with this Lac. Erica. Celcique -Alauda, I make not the VV. Gulan, Wool; Ir. Olan , L. 9. c. 3 7.

;

;

leafl

doubt

;

but

it

may

be que-

Lan.i.

A

dwhcther the Romans chang- W. Gordh, Mall or Beetle ; ed y vclhuee, into Alauda ; ur the Ord. Cornini,j* eldCdi\c word which \V Kacr Guiehelin, Engl. Watlmmight be Alauc, into melhuct. To gaceasler. me, both feem to have corrupted '\^ Guenz , Now Monmoutkjhhe y/;el-hed, or (as the Cornifli Froand Jbme places adjoyning Eng.

flioii

I

h

.

|

.

In our

Modem Orthography of the

Englifll, the Final Vowels formerly

are in divers words omitted Efecially A. and E. As in thefe

us'd

_,

Tcords

fEngl. Cryftalla, Cryflal; Hana, Cock or Hen ; Sceda, a Steed or

A

nunciation) euhelcc,/

f.

AJtivola

Went &

i

for a Lark is yet calTd with ns, by a word ofthefsme pgnification,\ yA;liedydh. Ital.

Mappamondo

do,

A Map.

|

&

Appamon-j \

f VVencleccas, the iifha;

*

iilants.

^ .Gyxii^^n^The \V.Guvg,Engl.

Ifle

of I'/igkt

/«r,t.

Lae. Graeia, VV. RkAd. ir.

Gnahugbadh,

Lat. Negotium.

; :

.

TIT.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Obs.XIV. Lingual Mutes O B XV. L Qj; ted. Omitted. I

s.

D

Omit- O B

s

s.

XV. L

1

Qj;

D

1

A

W.Kylhel/tfj- Kyltelh, Knife W. Yftrad, Ir. Sratha. Arm. Kutel. f Engl. Straecled for Stratclyd, or yftrad cluyd Straecled Wealas, W. Sa\i\ir,Brimftone; Arm Sufur. Faulcon ; Arm. The Stradclyd Welfli or Cum- Fr. Faulcon , Focun. brian Britans. Sigh i Armor, W. Peduar, Four; Arm. Peuar. Fr. Daulfin, Dolphix. Arm.Doffin W.Gwydyr, G/'j/?; Arm. Guer. Skin ; Arm. KroW. Adamant, Load-Jlone ; Arm. Fr. Fleur de liZi Arm. Fur di li-

&

i

Bian.

A yuanad. Kroikin A Corn. KrohaniW.Kroen. Arm. Gra;Ken, A Mite; W.GuY;i;enaici,

Ir.

Omit-

s

ted.

In the Middle.

z.

jEngl. Dorcefceafter, Donhefier. W. ByAian, Small Corn. Arm.

W.

1

,

A;en,

reinin.

A

:

A A

Emmant.

W.

A A

zen.

Flower;

Blodeyin,

Blevn.

Arm.

Snail VV. Arm. Mekueden, Vine; Arm. W.Gwynwydhen, Malvoden & Maluoden. Guynien. Muneul. Ir. Neck; W. Munugl, Louen Louen W. Lhudun, Arm. Armor. Girdle W.Guregis,

A

i

A

A

:

A A

i

Lat. Altare, Bel. Auter. Fr. Autel.

Germ. Golt,

Gout. Men.

Gff/^i Belg.

Lat. Stultus, Fr. Sot.

W.

Lat. Sulcus , Fr. ^w. Sua;. Lat. Glandula, Ital. Gangola.

Lat. Pleriquej Ital- Parecchi. wild Beaji'. S6vas, Lat. Colligere, Sp. Coger. W. Aradr, Plow; Fr. Araire. church i Arm. Ilys. W.Egluys, ShoulN. Sp. Spalda S.W. Spold] Dagar, Ir. Deor ; Eng. ATear. W.Feneftr, der. Fr. Efpaule. Window, Corn. ArriLat. Argentum, Silver j

Guris.

A

W.

&

an t Arriant. Wheel; FriEngl. Hweogul, gedaeg, Friday Bbgehc, Bow'd;

j-

A A Thigh Corn.

|

W,

A

W. Mordhuyd,

;

Morras. Bendiged, Blefed; Corn. Be-

W.

;

Suthgeweork, Soutlnpark pengetake,

Wae-

;

A fVape?i-take

nigaz.

;

We- V^ SyxdtTyDrovth

Worcefier ; Bre, gentford, Branford; Bricgeftow, Brijlow. Lac. Melancholicus , Ir. Miolai-

ogoraccafter

neaX-

;

Corn.Zehar.

W. Anadh Breath, Ir. Anal. W. Cottel, A Wood; Ir. Colli. W. Eden, A Bird Ir. en. ;

Ir.

Eleathrain

W.

trum]

A Bier

,

[ L. Fere-

Elor.

A

Sfring-Difeafe,

G. hefore^.tho' frequently -written, IS yet never Pronounc d in the French, Spanifli and Italian, and hut feldom in the Englifll. hi the Termination.

}.

W. KyM^iTX, Hemp Corn. Kuer W. Yn uisk, Backwardsj Ir. Ar ais. ;

f

& Steorc, A Steer. OBSERVAT. XIV.

Engl. Stirc

Lingual Mutes Omitted. I.

In the Beginning.

Davad, Lat. Ovis. T&i°'i> Ritus. Voir Tjwy^. Rodo. Idem.

Exercit. p. 762. Sxar®-, Cutis. VoflT.

priiis

aliud

OBSERVAT.

XV.

LiQviDs Omitted.

;

W

quaedam lapidum liquefadtorum, ut fcoria aliorum metallorum. Seal, in JEx.aim.

Mund, Vv'^.Mant. We find the Letter N. very frequently omitted in Roman Iti/cribut whether for Brevity in

ptio?is,

wr!ti?ig, or hecaufi I

In the Beginning.

.

Ital.

An

—Locus qui adhuc

is

aljb in

not eafy to

iws.

Synt. ISS

Re-

coftat, <^c. p.

9^1.

n.

21^.

&

— Baebiae

A

Sandtiffimae In frote pedes p mxvi. in latus pedes xvi Fabr ISS. p. 5'3. n. 309. Fl. Felici-

A

;

Adder. 1.

omithd

vulgar Pronunciation,

Ufcignuolo. determin.

Men.

Nam

In the Middle.

Wal. Molht, Ir.Srathair.

Gaoil.

W. Kennad, Leave Ir. Kead. W. Kynta, The Firfl Ir. Keud. fW. Kyntevyn, May-day; Ir.

:,

Lat. Lufciniola,

Vefpa. Id.

W.Yftrodyr;

Geag.

A A A

Lat Lauri-bacca, Ital. Orbacca. Id. Ottone. Id. Ital. Latone Fr. Lazurd, Ital. Azurro, Lazurd, pro^/xA«^5; PalfXJ. Sp. Azul. Id.

hi the Middle.

Ir. Ir.

,

&

%.

;

A

Snake; Arm. A'er. W.Neidir, -T^iver, Numier ; Ir. Uivir. fpumex W^. Nos, Night Ital. Notte,Sp. didlus ftiit. neque enim Noche ; Ir. Oidh;!;e. eft quam fpuma fex fEngl. Naedre &c Nedderi Mod.

o-<^»)(9;.

A A Tribe;

W.Kenedl,

;

spK«Aof, Fafcis. Id. Zforv®', Fungus. Id. Id.

-words -wherein they agree

with other Languages \V. Kaing, Bough

A

S^pssaw, Fallo. Id.

2yi|

;« thofe

Keideavain. W. Tyngy, To Swear; Ir. Tyi. the Termination. In 3. W. Lhynky, To Swallow Ir. Sluga Engl. Hujiger^ Ir. Ocras. W. Klyft, An Ear, Ir. Kluas. W. Lhoft, Tail; -whence Lhoft- Lat. Carbunculus, Ir. Carbhogal. lydan ( i.e. lata cauda infignitus j Lat. Inter. Ir. Idir. in the La-ms of Lat. Differentia, Ir. Deifreadh. for a Beaver Howel Dha. Ir. fLos a Tail. Lat. Quinque, Ir.Kuig. Lat. Confecratio, Ir Coifreagadh. Soul ; Corn. Eno.^ W.Enaid, W. Pridhj Earth; Potters day; Lat Confimilis, Ir. Cofvuil. So fometimes in other Languages Corn. Vryi, clay. W.Guyrdh, Green; Corn Guer. Lat. Invidia, Arm. Avi. Ram Lat. Laterna, E'r. Engl Lantern. Hurdli, Corn. Hor. ; W. Lat. Sponfus, Ital. Spojo. W. Rhodh, Gift ; Corn. R6 Lat Menfura, Ital. Mifura. W. Dydh, Day ; ir. f Dia The Ancient Romans omitted S- Lat PrehenfuS; Ital. Prefo. frequently in the Termination ; writ- Lat. Senfus, Sp Sejb. Fami/or Lat iMenfis, Sp. Meje. ing omnibu for omnibus Famis; Hcrculi/or Herculis ; U- t Engl.Nordhanhumbre, Northumberland. Ariftoteli, Demolixifor Ulixis ftheni, Euripidi j For Ariftotelis, t Engl. Oxnaford, Oxford. Demofthenis, Euripedis, ^c. Vid. t Engl Cyning, King. Cic. De Oratore. fEngl. Monath , Mouth; Germ.

Tatavus, Atavus. Feft. Gr. Ajoini;, Lat. Ros. Ir. Siar, U'ejlem; al. lar. f Engl. Snottengaham, Nottingham ^xiffoi , C^irrus. V. Salmas. Plin.

Spumex, Pumex.

Mihal. The hiih frequently omit the N.

:

W.

Z7raA«(p2, J£.o\-

W. Anj^el, An Angel; Corn. Ehal. W. Mihan^el, St. Michael, Corn.

;

fEngl. Abbodeffe, An Ahbefs. L. Anguilla, Germ. Ahl. Belg.Ael. t Engl. Lindcolen, Lincoln. L. Angelus, Corn. Eal. W. Guyftyl, Pledge ; Ir. Gialla W.Miliangel, Corn. Mihal, Michael t Engl. Lengten, The Sprifig ; Lent: Lengten-adle, an Ague, q. d. the

A

Beifder.

Ir.

Arm. Maud

Molt,

; and and Engl. Mutton.

A Weather.

hence the Fr.

Parthenope Conjugi :

—

quae bixit Ann v. Mefibus Florus vixit. p 61. 3^0 annos xvi Mefibus feptem tati

—

X. lb.

& —

no

Silvana Niciati n 270 Marito bene merenti cum quo vixit Annis tribus, mefibus duo-

bus

,

oris

undecim,

p. i8<S. n.

— Namitius

Felix Monumetum fecit fibi,^c. an. n.5:3o. Caftitaspermalerat, qui vixit

419.

—

annis

;,

TIT.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Variation Oi

Obs. XVI. I

— Nc-

annisxv. p z6^. n. ii<i. lia Sebcra cojugi dukillimo

no

Arm. Luc mcV

Hie jacet Opttitw Pietatu nobilis infas.

A

W.

YfLh\}yven,Att Elm Corn.ElawVV. Halhc, Salt Corn. Zal.

W.Kyvocth.

W.Myn, WK/</i Com.Mynnan.

Sea-calf,

;

,

Arm.Madou,

Cm frecor ut cineresfint ia fint^ue

,

Morlo.

Ma-

IniioLcncioirty, n. ii6.

n

Different Ter- ObsXVII. Different Terminations. minations.

jObs.XVIL

NMT AL Syllables.

1

}:

;;;;

Riches

;

W.Guadh, A Mole Corn. Gudhar. An quali Guadh v dhaiar ?

Arm. ArSjCorn. Harthy, To bark; W. Kyvarth. Corn. Uarras rag, The Fore-door VV. Rhagdhor. So Corn. Dani rag, Afore-toothi W.Rhagd-

;

W.

Lho, ^calf; Corn.'Lcauh. yof.ic. W.Gudhv, Neck Corn.Kodna p. 1?:^. n. i%6. !! Honato Aug. Difpefatori Kodna gwydn, a iTeezl which hanc. Con ui^i fiio. p. 19V. n. 148. &c. anjwers to the Weljh Bronwen. Some of theje -roorjs feem to have W.Frocnx, The Noftrils. Arm. MwyalA;, An Qwzle or BlackDiftron, q. d. y dhuytroen, as we heenprorioiivced us vrntt^r/ mthoiit nn bird; Corn. Mola dhiu, ;. e. mu•

A

,

;

W

N.

W

qaenda

W. f 'i'rev, Ahou/e, a home- ffall Mod. W. a Town; Ir. Aitrcav,

tho' ij! others trcas dotibtlefs omitted for Brevity or Ir/advcrtency. Scell nonniinquam clcgantia

cruditorum, qui qualdam litcras leCiLUt Cinitatis caus.i omilcrunt cero qui fore/ia Mcgalcfia Hor-

N.

or Village.

R.

Golvinak,

W. Guan, ^'m/' Ir. Anvan. W. Karii. [ & Hydh J A Stag

Lac.Januarius, Ital.Gw(7/o. Id.

W. Da,

,

i^c.

5.

;

Corn. Ryd-

Corn. Kriban

:

q. d.

;

;

Ir.

Lac. Roltrago.

A Periwinkle iShell W A anan. W. Guybcdyn, A File Corn. Gu-

Kairfliiadh.

Corn.Guihan. Gucnynen, Bee Corn. Gu.

;

Good, well. Sec. is the fame with the Irilli Deagh., but is re; tain'd by them only Compound iban. words, whereof fee Examples u?i- VV.Talkcn, The Forehead; Corn -^frOBs. IX. DeavlaltajC?'!.-. Tal. Ir. Kyr, or (as commonly written) \V.G\xd\\v,The Neck; Corn.Kodna. Caor, Sheep. W. Korlan, a W.YA;enaid, Sigh; Corn. Hafloeep-fold. nadzhans. •

A

In the Termination.

Mung,

,

VV. GuiA;iad,

i

m

Gr-^i^fVi't Dumus.

A Comb A

Lat.CapitaRrum,Jcal CataJlo.McnLac. Caltrum, Ital CaJfo»e. Id. l.at. Nocanu.s, leal. Notaio. Id,

VV.

hik VV Krib,

<»»</

litera libenter dicebat.

Lat. Aciarium, Ital. ylcciaio Gr. A'T{<>'> Lac. Artus. Gr. AritTfo>, Lelius.

dhv.

yal;^

Arm. Doulagad. U'. Rhydh, iJf^^^

And hem; /^^Cornilll Kriban kuliog, a Cock's Comb. Armoric Concrevak,<7 neigh- \V. Golvinir, Curlew Ceil. Golbour; viz one of the fame Town vin hir, i.e. Long-Bill: Corn.

&

yel.Longus.

.Lhy-^eid,Eyes;

Dwelling.

:

tcfius (inc

duylau, /or Hands.

in W'cllh

A mane;

Arm.Mue;

Muc m-ixx^ydyu mung marj<;. W. Tervyrij v4jL;Wr, Ir. Teor. W. Melin, v^iW///; Ir. fMcile. W. Kant, An hundred; Ir. Kcad. VV.Ijcn Igent, T-caenty^x.^'xxxA.

Ir.

A

&

A

W.Tammed,

Corn. Kledh, The lefl W. Gogledh, the North as Dehey ;

bit

or

morfel;

Corn Tabm.

;

A

which properly fgnifies the Right W. Kylhelh, Knife ; Corn. Kyis us d for the South. Ihan. Ir. Foladh, Refi ; W. Gorfuys. W. Bvdhar, Deaf; Corn Bvthak. W-Ivanj^kjiflK//^; Ir. Os Ir. Leath, Half; is the fame with W. Medh, Mead; Corn Meddou. the VVelfli Lhed which remains pair of Breeches, f Engl Bedan forda, Bedford. t Lhoudur., only in Compound words ; as LheCorn. Lavrak. t Engl. Creacan ford, Crickford. diaith , Barbarifrn , q. d. half- VV. Gardus, Garter , Corn-Gart Engl Fullan ham, Fiilhat/j. Language; Lhedvyd, half-dumb; Haran \von,Hare -wort, i.c-Mallow. gac. Bibliothecan, BibUothec or LiLhcdynvyd , Half- Dijirafted W. Parlur, Parlour; Com. Parbrary. Lhedwirion , half an Innoceiit ledh. Beneodhan, Betieath. &c. W. LhcA;, fiat Stone; Corn. LcI 'erbs of the hif'iitive Mood ter- Ir. Ron, Seil or Sea-Calf; W. han. minated in N. in the old Englifli Moelrhon. \V. Kornel, ACorner ; Corn. Koras they doc yet in the German and Engl. Broth, \x. Anbhrith.. nac. Low. Dutch. Bcdeltan was to bury, t Engl. Naepe, M. ATurnip. VV. Porch, Gate; Corn. Portal, to burn To be.'iche d. Bacrnan, Mire; q. fEngl. Porch. M- APifmire. ; Hacran, to bear Briwan, To brew t Engl. Rothor, An Oar. VV Byuyd, Ufe ; Com. Bounaz. \itAQC!LQ.,to break ; Bndlian, to bri- t Engl. Aedran, The Reins. Bcnnyu Mcnniu, Woman; dle Bringan, to bring ; Blawan, to t Engl. Bebeodan, To Bid. {properly a Female] Corn.Benen. blow , Blendan , to blend or mix i Engl. Beboht, Bought So Bebyr- W.TywylhuA;, Darknefs; Corn. BIcdran,/o^/f/f,&c. ged,B»rWi Beclaenred,C/?««jV, Tyuidar. \y MatXjASwan; Lat.01or,Ir. &C Andinflead of this Be, an A W. Kalcdu;i;, Hardncfs ; Corn.KaEala. was Jbmetimes premis'd as Acealetter. pian , to Cheapen ; Accocan, to VV. Guydh, Gueydh Guehydh, Choak; Acolan, to Cool; AcwelAT. XVI. Weaver ; Corn. Gueidar.

&

W

,-

A

A A

A

A

A

A

A

,-

;

;

W

.

A

&

i

:

:

OBSERV

Variation Of Initial Stllables.

Germ. Gemut

:

f^-f

Lat. Dilputatio, .

Lcnner,

dar.

;

W. Ylgrivenny,

OBSERVAT.

To Write; Corn. Skrcpha. W. Lhythreiinx, Letters; Com. Lythcrau. VV. Lhav.en, Merry; Corn. Lawenik. W. Guair, Hay ; Cora. Gorha.

XVll.

tions.

;

W.

W. Wybyr^TheSky; Corn.Ebron. W.Eira, Snow; Corn Er.

Ir. ConJ]>()id.

W.Dar- W.Pulh, APool; Com.

Ihennur. ;

W. Svg, Sap Corn. Sygan. W. W. Deilen, A Leaf; Corn.Dclk.| W. Koden, ACodor Husk Corn,

W.

:

Dy-

Kuth

W.

:

Kuthu Fav

,

Bedydh, AChrifining;

Com.

Bcdzhidhia.

W.Mcdcliir,

Polan.

;

Brightnefs Diskleirdeb. Arm. Ki dur. An Otter ;

A fair of Bellows, Cor.

Miginau.

Belg.

Different Termina-

Compound

A Reader

Arm. Sklerdct,

vrjji.

,

Covetuous

at appears in the following

examples.

A rm

The Mind; Bdg.

VV. Megin,

Germ Begirig Gicrig.

;

Primitive <J7;<^of/Yr J

,

Moet.

Befdes the Adding, Retrenching or Changing the Initial Letter ; we a Ijo frequently find a Variation of the hiilial Syllable which happens either on account of different Compounds, or that fome Dtaleils ufe the words

&

A

VV. Braud, ^Br«/,&fr,•'Corn.Bre-

lan, to Kill.

i

Midzhar. VV. Rhidiih, Rtdle

W.

Bean-cods,

A Reaper; Corn. A kind of Sieve or

Corn. Ridar. Kynhaiav, Haricfl ;

;

Corn.

j

Kol, Chaff;

Com. Kulhu.

D'

I

Kidniaz.

\V. Ky-

;,

;

TIT.

1+

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Obs. XVIII. Change Of Obs.XVII. Different Ter- ObsXVII. Different TerVowels. m in ations. minations. W.Amfer, Time Ir.Am [& AimArm Brein. W. Kydymmaeth, A Mate or Com- W. Bray, Brittle Myrth fir. Arm. W.Lhauenydh, ] panion:, a Friend, Cor.Kydhman. W. Efgid, A Shoo Ir. f As. Lauenediges. Rhuyvur, A B-ower Corn. ;

;

;

W

&

Piban. Beicnder.

W.Lhiuydh,

^P/>e; Corn

Arm.

Druxkennefs;

W. ,ymenyn W. Munugl,

W

Cor

j

Liuiar.

D'ffcre?/t Ter?nh!atio7ts in reJ^eB

VVclili and Armoric. W.Darlhennydh, A Reader; Arm

of the

Ymma, Here, this ScEmman

Ir.

The Neck

;

Im. Ir.

Muin

A

Different Termwations of the Welfli«W(/Irifli.

W. Enu, A Name W. Enaid, The Soul;

A

Arm. Moget.

in rejpe&

Ir.

Ainm.

Ir.

Anam.

Pig;

&

Banv,

Ir.

Banvan.

W. W.

ofTermination

like Difference

we alfo findtn rejpeil of the ^indent and Modern Englifli; WiUow-

.Jiuaricr.

WfBanu,

Arm. Man

i

Arm.

;

Lenner.

W

Butter;

.M<:iyn,Afable; Ir.Muinteardha.

The

W.AJUrydh, APlayer^a Gamefier;

Engl Gar-Fidi, Corn. Girak.

i

Arm. Tri-

Sadttefs;

,

Melvinti.

Miller i Corn.

A Dier

VV. Miig, Srfwat

Ti-ifluA;

ftidige;!.

W. Medhdod,

A

W.Melinydh,

;

W

-,

Revadar. Pibelh, W. Pib

Brigje, Br<7«f^w; Ir. Barrugal.

Bendith, ABkjftng;

Be-

Ir.

Tree, mas Ancieiitly call'd Willig; whence the Modern erg [ a WiUoiv'j us'd 111 Berkfhire a7id fome other CountreySy feems Corrupted. So

W

fEngl. Waar, Sea -wrack or Sea oar.

A

Frog. f Engl. Fro 'i, jEngl. Bifceopdome

&

Bilceophad, Bijhoprick. Blefmg. t Engl. Bledfung, t Engl. Sylf-myrdh, felf-mur-

A

annachd. A Arm. Kafar;t. S. W. Bittour Ir. Bunnan. Bun, W. Eira, Snov> Arm. Ery;K. derer. Brittan IrBreW. t Lhu;t, Lakci Arm. Lagen. W.Brythyn, A athna^; fE. Giululing, The month of July. W.Yi^y^, An Ijlandi Arm. Enezen Britan; Bryt-Ford, Breyan, A ^luerti or Hand-mill fE. Bryt, Arm. PcrFerl W.Perlyn, Kcfler,H."7;

W

;

A A

W

i

A

.

Ir.

\V.Krib,^[Cw^'.f

Combi Arm.

j

The neighing ofa horfe

;

Arrn. (jUrifh

^

Kolh

&

Piog, Piogen

AMag-Fy

Arm.

;

Pioden

^

Piget.

W.DridU, ./?5tof; Arm.

Dret.

um Ir.

Ir.

W.Guennol,

;

Ir.

Friendly;

A Sting A Song

W. W. Kriaul Kan,

;

&

Ir.

A Berry

;

Kyr orCaor. Ir.

Ir.

Ir.

;

Ir.

Arm.

ftir

A

Forehead;

H«OT, our Tal y Tal y Sam, Tal y Ihyn, Lhyptjx, .

W. [N.] Arm.

W.

[S.]

<irc-

A Kidney

Arm

-,

A

;KUyfigen,

.

Elas

Bladder;

;

Arm. Kufget. Laughter; Arm.

Uylo, To weep

van.

W.Kan,

A

;

Corn. Guel-

SoHg; Arm.

Kan&

Kanawen.

W. Kryny, Trembling

Arm.Kren-

;

van. Palfie;

Arm. Pa-

man

W. [S.]

As

n.

Bion, to be;

to

OBSERVAT. Xyill. ChangeOf Vowels. A

IS

frequently chang'd into E.

Arm.

W. W.

A Stone

Cor. &c Arm.

;

Archer

Corn.

;

;

Ir.

Kreaga^i

&

S.W.Kuydhyl, Ir.

Corn. Leath;

;

Leas.

A

Ledge Corn. Kc. Kae, Traeth, The Maritim Land expos' d at lo-w -water. Corn. Dreath.

Kreigiog, Rocky Kreagvar.

shame;

Braecan,

&c.

;

Arm. Treas.

W. Lhaun, Full Corn. Len W. Lhaur, A Floor Corn. Ler. W. Kaus, Cbeefe Corn- Kez. W. Guraig, AWoman; Corn. Gu;

;

[N.W. Kuilidh]

KuthaileaAjd.

;

reg.' Ir. Dair , , An Oak; \V. Gair, Word; Corn. Arm. Darog. Derg, Dara;K Ger. Right Deis. Ir. W. Dehei, Guialen, ^Ro^; Cor. Guelan. Didryvur, An Her) Titrur W. Kiaudh, ditch ;Com Kledh. mit; Ir. Dithreava;;. Shovel Co\i\. Rev W.Rhau, Wren ; Ir. f Drean W. Driu , Mai, The month of May ; Cor. W. Mod. Dreolan. Bramble ; Ir. Me. S. W. Dryfsien , W. Auft, Auguft ; Corn. Eaft. Dreaisog. Dris, Dreas W. Dail , Leaves; Ir. Duilleavair W. Dydh Maurth, Tuefday Com. DeMerh. E6. S.W.Eog, Salmon; Ir. f W. fFehig, Soveraign Ir. iFal. W.Guialen, ARod; Cor.Guelan. W.Gavla^, The Groin; Ir. Gaval. S.VV. Pannas, Parfaip; Cor.Panez. Srearm; Corn HeZ. Wyth; Ir. Gad W. Haid, W.Guden, Bitch; Corn. Geft. \M. Gail;, Gada. Giing, Wedge Corn Gedn W.Guw,lVmter; Ir. Geivreadh.

W

A

& ;

.

W

&

&

A A

A

;

&

;

raliT,!.

W. ymmenyn,

of the prefent Tenfe

A

Klav, Sick; Arm.Klan.

W.Parlas, The

Ir.Kraiv-

thea;;.

W. Derwen

;Kuars.

W.

Kor.

W.

W- A;Uerthinad, .

A

&

;i;Uifigel.

nandun. W. Kufg, Sleep

W

W.Golwyth,^Co//o/'; Jr.Koll6g W. Kryr Krehyr, Heron; Ir.

Trvan, Lean; Arm.Tret Darf; Arm. Kor-

A

Alli-

,-

;

W.Krevydhol,K<'%Wi

W.Kof,

Participle

W.Maen,

Kloigean.

,

Tal.

\V Laflbg,

the

A Lobfier

Mean. W. Knaud, Flejh; Ir. Kolan. W.Saethur, An Arm W. Afen, ARib; Ir. Afnadh. Ir. Kura;K Zechar. bone, W. Korugl A Boat Tal y W. Gueiy, A Bed; Ir. t Kolkaidh W.Lhaeth, Milk

top orfummit of any thing.

W.Talken,

,

The

break,

A Sroallow Arm W. Karnedh, A heap;\r- Kaman Am. [& W. Amfer, r/w«'; Aimfcr] W.Kungren, A Conger or Sea-Eel W. Krib, A Comb; Kir. Arm. Kynkr. Klas. W. Gel, A Leech Arm. Gelauen. VJ .Y.\6, A Lock Klogan & VV. Brig, The top hraiiches of a Tree W t Klog, A Skul; -,

e

i

urfinum.

E. Lopuft,

Blo-amg ; Bledfiend, Bleffing ; Jjorgiend, Borro-wi?tgi and ( as before noted ) the Infinitive Mood ended in

Kaintik.

Kriavol,

r

which note ends in ing, terminated formerly in end: as Biernend, BurnKaii- mg; Bindcnd, Bindivg; BJawend,

Kalg.

Ir.

;

Ir.

Guinnili.

or other Plant,

fE.Hromfa, Ramfon;

Broyn.

,

;

W.Pii

Ir.

;

A Lofs; Kailog 6c Kaileavuyn. KainW.Kanuylh, A Candle;

W.

Lioni Arm. Leon Lhcw, neal. \M Y^zx\nm,A Stoat Arm.Kaerel. Arm. Gukug. W.Karedig, ACmkow, AV. Kogj deavuyl. W.Klommen, ATigeon; Arm. W. Kollin, Kulvm, Ir. Kolum.

W.

Britannorum vadum.

Bro, Scot. Bra.

W. Bry, The IVomb or Matrice Bruyn&

Kribel. iiryry ,

A

;

;

lezen.

WG

A

.

Butter

;

Corn.

A

Am-

A A A

;

Lhveft, Hut or Cottage; Arm. Lofhik. W. To, The Thatch or Roof of an Houfe; Arm. Toyn. W.Santedh, Holy; Arm. Santel. W. Ni lavafun, We dare not W. Enaid, The Soul Arm. Enev. Nilavmaoid. W.Tywylhu/;, Darknefs Arm. W.Rheu,Fro/?j Ir.Reo.

W

;

Ir.

;

;

W. Taradr, An Auger

Teualiihen. 4-

;

Ir.

A

&

Tarar.

A

A

.

;

W. Brai;c, An Arm; Arm. Brea;^. W. Kaer A City Arm. Ker & ,

;

Kear.

W.Hayl, The

Sun; Arm.

eol.

W. Maurth.

,

•

TIT. Vow

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Cha

Obs, XVIII.

iJcE

Of

Obs. XVIII.

VV. Maurth, Mars; Arm. Mcyrs,

Change Of

Vowels.

s.

F, r.

;

VV. Maur, Great ;

W. Naun, W. Awyr, r^e v^/r, Arm. car. vening. W. (Tfaun, Berries Arm.Gurcin

Ir.

Noon;

Ir.

Obs. XVIII.

i

\^ .Vh\m^

yi Launce

VV Pcduar, Faur .

E- VV. McrAjcr, Mercury; Cor Mar-

the

S.

Ben

Ir, Tcine. y4 high filountaim

Fire

W. Ban

,

Ir

\V. Trnis, yioleme Ir.Trcifc. Bnis, Large; Ir Breas. , Ir. Breach W. Kad'aAJ , y4 Rag; Ir j Kcda;>; ;

\^'.Braiid, Jiiilgemt'Kt

Sfep

W Achvyd, ^» Aden,

W.

Oyr,

Ir.

^

A Home.

yV. Guencr, Venus ; Corn.Guenar VV. Eirm,P/<«w Corn. Aeran. VV. Fcnigl, Fenil; Arm Fanuil

VV Rhedyn, Fern; Arm. Radcn Ac-acren , an yV. Hehg, AmUow; Arm.Halck. Acorn Ac-drink, a Drink made W.Keuyn, Hunger; Arm.Niun. of Acorns Ac-lca, Oakley. W-V^enaid, Sigh; Arm Yuanat Comb. W. Elylcn, Alms, Arm. Alyuicn t E. Canib,

An Oak

t E. yVc,

;

;

W.

W.

Ham,

Engl

t

,-

& Bean.

W. Kam, A

S.

Or. VV. Rhaun, Horfe hair; Ir Roinne.

yl Sting.

W.Tun,

,

Of

Com. Padzhar.

har.

N. W. Ayr, Gold;

Arm. Flcm,

;

f.

Vowels.

M6r. Noin,

;

W.Tavod, ATongue Arm Tcaut

iS

Chang

;

Ir.

Ir.

i

;

Ir

Ealla^

Kite.

A A Bone.

VV

Long. Lang-beardas Lang-bcarden-

,

The Longobards

Keim.

Heart/:

'Jluil/

A

:

E. Ban, t E. Lang [

;

land, Liimbardy. Song. t E. Sang,

A Thief

Lhcidir,

.

Arm.

,

\V Eigion, The Ocean

,

Lacr.

the Deep or

Abyfs. Ir, Aigein. VV. Er^juyn Guely, The fide of a

A

Bed; Ir. f Air^ion, a fide \V AlarA;, ASvan Ir Eala & Ela. fE.Fald, AFold; Deor-Faldi a Park, a Deer-fold. N. \V. Agorriad, AKey Ir. EoVV.tEfgir, Leg; aljd a long ridge of a Hill. Ir. ?;air. fE. Axan , Oxen; Gat, a Goat; f.'VifgCir, a ;

A

;

W

Rha-deor, a iJoe-S«fi-;t, StanbucMMh,Whey Ir. Mcadlig. Mountain. ca, a Stone-Buck, i. c. The Ibex VV.Eithin, Furz or Gorxf tEngl. Aclt", Alt Elf, Dun-aelfas Ir.Attin. or Steinbock of the Germans. VV.Krevydh, Religion; 6c Bcrg-Aclfcnne, .A/9»;;f<7/« FaiIr.Kravadh. Bar Bare, a Boar Mathu, a ries. Neidir, Snake ; Ir. Nathair. Moath ; Aene, One ; Atan Hen. A- W. Ebr cv , Said He; Jr. Abair, t E. Hanna, tcn, Oats; biht', a Loaf; Author, Bramble Jay thouijpeak; t E. Braer als hrer Abruidh , Oc^fr Brawe,a Brow ; Cildhad, /peak ye. t Athor, Father. Childhood; Cnighthad, Knight- VV.Enaid, The Soul; Ir. Bench. fE. Hcancfj Anam hood. W. Kerbyd, Coach ; Ir. Karbad j E Lads, if/?. Germ.Bawman, APlowmanj To Blaecan, Bleat. Belg. VV. Kcna;, fE. Whelp ; Ir.Kana. Bouman. W. Medhai, Soft; Ir. Maoch. fE. Sae, The Seaj Sac-Sceatha, a Germ. Alt, Engl Old; Belg. Out. VV. Rhedyn, Fern; Ir, Raith Firat. Germ. Rauh, Rough; Belg. Rou. ^ E. Paeren, To Bear. Raithnea;i; Germ. Achfel, The Arm-pit ; Bel. W.fElain, Lat Margarita, Fr Marguerite. Faun; Jr. ^Uain, Oxel. a Hind; Lat Mare, Fr Mer. Ly alum, a Faun. Germ. Baum, ATree; Belg. Boom. fEngl. Eale, Ale; Eale- gavel, L. Amaro, Ital. Flor. Aniero. L. Habui, Ital. Ehhi. Excije. A chang'd i7ito U. L. Alacer, Ital. Alegro t E. Earm, An Arm; Earmbeag, a Germ. Thannc, AFir-Tree; Belg VV. Daiar, The Earth ; Arm.Duar. Brace-let. VV. Graian, Gravel; Arm. Griian. t E HeaJf, Half Dennen Germ Scharf, Sharp; Bel. Sherp \V.Genx,The Mouth; ArmGenu fE. Streaw, Straw Screaw-berISi). Antiq. Compcraberunt for S. VV. Huair, ASifler; Cor. Hoar. rian Straw-bemes. Heath or Down; t E. Beam, Comparaverunt. Fabr. pag. 84. W.Guayn, Bam or child. Corn. Gun, PI. Guniaii. N. 148. iE.Calice., Charlock. VV. Guain, Sheath; Corn. Gun, t E Flex, Flax , Bres, Brafs ; BleA Is but feldom ckavgd into I. Sgabard. dre, Bladder; Bremble, Farmer, a Ploie- W. Aur, An Hour; Corn. ur. Bramble ;^X.corTi, a St.ir, Heot W. Taiog, VV. Rhau, man; Corn. Tiak. Spade ; Ir. Ruav. rot,a» Hart; whetice I leorotberf' \\i .Mia, SmaU \W Aur, An Hour; Ir.Ciar. Ir. Min. Whortleberry or Bilberry Be; S^ill-Feather Ir Itin. VV. Am, About; Ir. Um, uam \V Aden, orwick, Barwick. in uim, compound words. Germ. Gehen, Togoe; Belg. Gaen, t Engl. Abbandune, Ahmgdon. VV. Aval, An Apple ; Ir. Uval. Lat Ccrafus, Fr. Cerife. Germ. Brennen , To B./r»j Belg bijuljiu L. Facilis , D'ifficilis i Facio, Perfi Lat. Salfus Branden. cio &c. Gr. Ex^ci), Lat. Hecuba. Germ. Krebs, Belg. Engl, Gr. ©a««f*o<2^', Triumphus. A Chang'd into O. Crab [Fifll. ] W. Daiar, The Earth Corn.Doar. Germ. Stengel, Stalk; Bel'' ° E. chang'd into A. VV. ,

&

A

;

W

,-

&

A

A

&

j

A

A

A

&

&

A

A

A

A

A

^

A

;

A

A

&

;

A

A

&

&

a

A

;

Galen [r.Hogalen] AWlietStangel. Corn Agolan , Arm. I- W.Guenithj^^f^; Cor.Guanatli. Lat Emendare, Yx.Amender: Eng. Dock; Cora. Tato amend. VV. Tavolen, VV. Haiarn, Iron Corn. Hoam. volan. Lat. Mergus, Fr. Marcote. VV. Kallon, The Heart; Cor. Kolan W-Mineg, AGlove; Cor.Manag. Lat. Duce, Ital Duca. W. Halen, Zalt Corn Holan. VV'.Krogen,^ Shell; Corn.Krogan. Lac Sorte, Ital. Sorta. W. Guidhcd, Growids of Drink i VV. Askelh, AlVmg; Cor. Askal. Lat. Specie, Ital. Spezia. Corn. Godhaz. Bee ; Corn. Lat. Tigre, Itai Itgra. Guen\ nen , W.KMUmoA;, Hog Sty ; Corn Guanan. Lat. Infero, Span. Enjarter. Krou moh \V. Mer, Lat. Medulla j Com. E chang'd into I. W. Ailwyd, AHarth;Cotn Olaz. Eng. Maru. W. Gay, Lye Corn. Gou. .Ccnx,The Mouth, Cor.Genau. W.Kennyn, Leeks; Corn. Kinin VV.Daun, Thin; Arm. Corn.Tanau. Don. .Tcnx, ft; W. Eidhew, Ivy Corn. Idhio \V. Guadh, Mole Arm. G6s.' W.Neidir, Snake ; Cor.Nadidyr. VV Medi, To Jieap; Cora Midzhi W. Guied, Bloudi Arm G6ar. Lhien, Lmnen; Corn. Lian. W. Guregis, AG>rdle;CoTn. GriW.Maguvr, y^fKitf; Arm.Mojer. W.Yfern, HeU ; Corn. Itarn. giz. Cauldron; Ir Coire. \V. Piit, W.Lheidir, -,-f r/t-/?/, Com.Ladar, W. Guely, Bed; Corn. GuUi. VV. Lhaucn, Glad; Ir. LoinneaA:. W. Padclh, Pan; Corn. Padal. S. VV. Huc^i [N VV. xuexl Six VV.Lhawer, Much; Ir.Lor. W. lerthi, Goad ; Corn- Arho. Corn. Huih. W. Maun, Peat, Fue/ -Turfs Ir. W. Einnion, An Anvil; Corn. W. Evre, Darnel; Com Ivre. Mon.' Anuan. VV. Elin, An Elbow; Corn. Ilin Da W. Am/er, fione; golan.

A

;

W

A

A

.

&

A AG A

;

;

W W W

;

A

A

A A

A

:

Obs. XVIII.

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

i(S

'

.

Chance Of

Chance Of

Obs. XVIII.

Gbs. XVIII.

Change Of

Vowels.

Vowels.

Vowels.

&

ioxfibi quafi. Quintil. Lib. i f Engt. Cemban, To Comb. Ch. 7. Lat Creta, Fr.Cro^^. \Gx.'\\ti.^ for Hftiigji. Plat, in Nail i Ir.in&Ionga. Gr. nijiTEif •»), L. Projerpin*. W.Ewin, Cratylo. Gr. "Ekv^&', L. Socer. W. Eog, Salmon; Ir.flaA;. IS. Antiq. VsE/tfr Vbi. AbucGr. 'Eaomov, L. Oleum. W. Mel.Ho^f/; Ir. Mil. cius Aquila Et Lvcceia FeW.Melys, Sweet; Ir. Milis. chang'd i7ito V. E licitas Hoc Loco Sacrarunt W.Teu, Thick; Ir. Tin. Ube Posta Est Anuci a. Si Qui fEngl. Drenk, Drink; Drenk- W.Lhyfeiyn, An Herb ; Corn. LyHuic Loco Manus Intulezuan. horn, Cup. RiT Habeat Dolorem Meum Houfe ; Corn.Luan. fEngl. Feld, Afield. Fcldhus, « W. VMe'icn, QiiEM Ego Habui. Fabr.pno. Tent or Field-houji ; Feldfwam, W.Keiliog, ACock; Com.KuUiag. IN. XIII. Honorio Aug. V. Vend Fenigl, ; Corn. Funil. Mujhroom.

W. Amfer, Time Ir. Emon, An Anvil ;

W

i

Aimfir. Ir.lnneoin

A A

—

A

A

W

a

fE. Tin, Ten: Tinmanna-Ealdor, Lat. Decemvir.

fRWcluc, Amik;

W

.

A Crofs

Kroes,

W.Kelyn,

;

Hotfj'i

Ir.

lumPosuit.

Kuilean,&

Kullin.

afortofSea

— — Cubecularia

Corn.Krouz,.

Hunc TumuN.

lb. p. 182.

390.

changd into K c;- G Corn. Trev [al.Tre] f W. Snail. Houfe ; aDtKelling; f Ir. Driiv. W.Ionaur, Jayiuary; Cor.Genvar. t E. Bleadhe, Blithe; L. Lxtus. W.Iar. Hen; Ir, Reark. But WEvydh, Brafs Ir. Uva. t E. Braecend, Breaking. perhaps the former of theje ts a Leaf; ir. Duile, JGerm. Queck, Engl. Quick: V/. Deilen,

A

&

I

A

;

Queck

§i^ck

Silber,

A Duileiu & Duileog. W.Melin, A Mill;

Silver.

—

Ir. Muilean PatroInicripc Rom. Anciq. Nis Svis Fecit Dignis Et Me- W.Newydh, New; Ir. Nuadh. Cafi; Ir. Urxur. RiTis Pro Eorvm Pietati. W. Ergid, Vabr. pag. 5. Cl. Zosimvs Et Gr. NfipfA)!, Lat. Nebula' 2(«i7nA®', Lat- Scopulus. Plavtia Zosime Vivi Sibi Fe- Gr.

A

CERVNT SVISQVE LiBERTiS Ll- Gr.

NosTRORVM Aria Maceria Cincta Circv Monimentvm. lb. p. 91. N. 179. &: 151. N.

— Collibertis

314..

sTiRisQVE Eorvm.

Svis Po-

N.

209.

p.

—

yi2. E Regione Piscinae Et Canalis Vsqve Ad Ariam p. QvAiSTOREs Ai223. N.^94.. re MOLTAT CONDEDERONT. p.

—

N.

24.1.

cof/jugi

— AJmilio

6')X.

meo bene merenti,

Felici

cutn quo

Test, Lat. Tuus.

Lat. Luna. Vols. Mulgeo. Id. Gr."H;«, Lat. Pubes. Id.

EERTABVSQyE PoSTERISQVE Eo- Gr. RVM Ne De Nomine Exiat Gr.

Lat. Commeatus, Ital. Congedo. Lat. Alienus, Span. Ageno. Lat. Mulier, Span.iVagfr.

.

Lat. Chronica,

Ital.

Iss.

Lat. Syndicus,

Ital.

N.

,

(^c.

p.

:

(^ Nobie dulcis amicus obit OJIi quippe aetas viacta per annos, ^luineft tumpoft me?ije7it quarturn adujque diem. /w/'iZff. Fabr. 577. LXVI. :

les abjque uUd juCiurd fuorum captivos habuerit, Gentefque Bar-

baras ultra oceanum priinus indiiio

hello

728.

Imperio adjecerit.

,

N. 446.

p.

— luncfii Lvcinai

profilid parvd laborante Reines.

Synt.

Iss.

p. 57.

N.

tans.

E. chan^d into O. Nev); Cor.Novi'ydh. ; Corn. Pro-

W. Ncuydh,

W .Prcgcth, A Sermon gach.

V^i.K.\Qdhy^,ASword;

Ir.

Kloid-

heav. Keir^;, Oats;lr. Koirke.

Germ.Kette,

chilnefs; Belg. Koute Gttm. ^k, Corner Bclg.Hoeck. Stick or Staff; Germ. Stecken,

A

;

A

Belg. Stock.

fEngl. Wermod, Wormwood. fEngl. Arewe, The River Arro-a) fEngl. Awed, IVoodj or Mad.

I

changd m U.

W. Gulith, Deio Corn. Gluth. W. f bin & Tin, A Fortified H,U; ;

chang'd into E-

W. Diod, Drink Corn. Dewas. W. Lhiu, The Rudder of a Ship;

and

us'd fojnetimes as the proper names of Round Steep hills. Ir.

;

Dun,

Corn. Leu. I

Y in the

Termination of MonoVVeifh , is Jbmetimes chang'd into El in the Cornifli- as VV.Ki, a Dog:, Corn. a Hoiije; Corn. Keij

or

fyllables in the

col. 3.

W.

f

& f Tinn. V. Supra p & Drim The Back; 5-.

Trim

,

Tvhence 'tisftiU in ufe for a ridge, as of a Houfe, a Hill , &c. Ir. Druim. the Back, Sec.

W.Ty,

L. Fimarium, Fr Fu?aier. Mr Men. Drindod, The Trinity ; Arm. Lat. Pellicia, Fr. Peluche. Id. Lat. Barba caprina , Span. Barba Dreinded.

Tfliei,(^f.

W. Y

A Mifi Ir.Neal a Cloud A Mouthy Beul & fBel. Germ. Widder, A Ram; Belg. Wcder. Germ. Birckcnbaum, A Birch-tree, \M .'Niul

50.

\ac\t for Iacet Occurs in almofl all the old Monuments of the Bri-

&

gmti

N. 263. I

lor.

Drufi F. CaisaRI Auguflo Germanico Vontifci maxima Trib. potefi. XI. Cos. V. Imp. XXIIII. Patri Patriai. s P.Qjl quod Reges Britanniai perduel-

A

juve?!te, Fratribiis

Sindaco.

7,67,.

Ti. Claudia

W.

15:7.

Domanda,

frequently

—

Grifologus

&:

Demand. Antiq. Olli for Illi Occurs

Maximus hie fitus ejl primaevo (lore

Cronaca.

vixi annis L. fine ulld quirella. Gr. A(>, Lat. Tango. hoc tnojiumentum ne de nomine Gr. KiyxAi';, Lat CajtceUi. IS. Antiq. Philufa Andrei Liberti exfiat. p idy.N. 109. Uxor oUam (^ Titulum datum ah Tarvulus hie fitus efi, vixit tris uf^ confervas pedifequas. Fabr. p. que per annos,

Nomine

Dimanda

^jueftion or

Ir. a.

Ital.

Ir.

Croth. Trigaredh,^!?^/ ; Ir.Trocaire. Lat. Divitia:, Ital. Dovizia. Lat. Hornbile, Ital. Orribole.

;

H«. Hfr;

or Shape;

W

chang'd into A. J

Lat. Pigritia, Fr. Parejjh. Lat. Pampinus, Ital Fampano.

luque novem menfes.fnrjalidofq; dies.

A Form

W.Rhith,

Hemlock ^ Corn Kegaz,. Ebrilh , April; Corn Ebral. Helig, WtUoTv Corn.Helak i,

O.

I chafig'd iitto

'AftsAy^, Lat.

I,

W.

Lat. Fimbria, Fr. Frange.

SiAiii')!,

W Kegid W. W .

Corruption of the latter. Lat. Siniia, Fr. Si7ige. Lat. Tibia, Fr. Tige.

W. f Bill

Cabruna.

,

i

,

Ir.

Ital.

& Feruta A Wound. ;

F'ortina, Fort una.

Mr. Men. f Lat. Aprinus, Aprugma. Id. Optumus for Optimus Iss. Antiq 1

Occurs frequently in old

Infcri-

ptions.

Belg. Berckenboom.

Germ. Himmel, Heaven; Hemel.

Ferita

fLat

lovi

Belg.

Lat. Intrare, Fr Entrer. Lat. Ilia, Fr. Elle. Lat. Infernus, Fr. Enfer. Lat. Ilva, [ The name of an ljland'\ Ital. Elba. Lat. Dominica [ Dies ] Ital. Domenica.

Lat. Vitta, Span.Tf^a. f Lat. Here/or Heri j Sibe&quase

Optvmo Maximo Sacrvm

T. CoRVNCANivs, 119. N. 8. I

Confonant

(3"f.

Fabr. p.

pronounced by the Armoric Britans, as by the French, is

A

as zh Zhyus Lnyu , fu, Zbyuzhament, Judgement, &c,

viz.

:

O W.

chang'd into A.

Hogilen, Agolan.

A Whet

Stone

;

Cot. I

W.Pys.

y

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

Chance O Vowels.

Obs. XVIII

Change Of Vowels.

Obs. XVIII.

k

man W Pyskottur A Orn. A Bkr [Lat Fcrctrum] W Corn. Dad, W O O Father Corn, Vijher -

,

.

;

.

O

Elor,

Elar

a das,

;

Ir. a achair.

W.Ocs,

W.

A>:

Hofan,

Age

A

Ir.

j

Ir.

Alan.

W.Bodhi, TI'Drra'/zjlr Bathadh W.Bloncg, ^pji'rf; Ir. Blainic.

W- Blodcyin, A Flower tin.

W.Klog,

A

;

Ir.

Blai-

Gov, A Smith ; Ir. Cava. W.fGnottai, To Accufiom-,

W.

Ir.

Gnathua. W. Torr, The Abdomev Ir.Tarr. 0^<t\cn^The Mafs ; Ir. Aifrin. ;

W.Kolh, ALofs

i

-,

W.Kocd, W^W; Corn.

W.Golx,

K.az,Arm.

Light; Corn.

Gulu. \V. Godro, To Milk

W

A

Mozyn Mukm.

,

.

W.

Ir Blunag.

An ArmfuU Kodum,

,-

Fall.

us'd indifferently

or Agas,

Agio.

Ir.

AgUS,

as

,

And, &c.

U changed in E.

;

.

Ital

\J isfeldom chang'd into A, faving that in the Irilh; a o and u are

Kual, a Fagot. W.Gudcn, AWyth; ir. Gad. Lat. Ulna. Fr. Aune. Ir. Kudaiin, Lac. Fulvus, Fr. Fauve.

Ir.

;

Otium,

Larg Lat Ped. LvN. Ped. XX 2^.t77.N.3(Si.

XX.

A Fall;

W. Kodum, A Fall; Ir t Kadaim. \\'.Kosd,ADiJfaf; Ir. Kuiv;cal. W. Koluyn, AWhelp IrKuilcan Arm. Don, A Gift W. Daun. Lat. Domina, Fr. & Engl. Darne N. W Ocn, S. W. on, A Lamb ; Lac.

Aotacili

&

\V.

ipjo

C F.Ephyres.lb p.^-lz-N Jjj. So Lungum/er Longum in this Fragment.

;

;

-,

in

agro pedes x v. area

A. M^numcnco D. M. lu-

& Arm.

Cor GuJra Smne Ir. Miik

Bloneg, Semet

In

munimentum

hoc

wn. H.M.U.M.

liac.

\V.K16,.WZ.w*;lr.Kluv. often W.Kog, ACuckoTv; Ir. KQaA; Agos Koulcd, S. W. Koel , Koelcd

/

Ir.Kaill.

,

W. Lhocr,r/'<' Moon Cor.LOf. W. Trocd, A Foot Corn Truz.

S

&

Skull; Ir.Claigean

W

pedes

Kuas.

Aos.

Stocking;

Vowels. Hits

f'ronte pedes x in

U

chang'd into

17

Caange Op

Obs. XVlll. fcentur ab

Gr.n«»<ir, Lat. Ptf»»V.

Pylgadar.

.

.

uan.

A Reader

VV. Darlhcnnur, Lenncr. W. KCiyr, IVax ;

Arm.

;

Ir. Kt-ir. \V. Ox Alas Ir. \Jk. W.Guydh, Goofe , Ir Geadh La: Chrillophorus, Ital. Cnjlofano. W.Olh, All; Ir.Uile. Aratriim. Equivalent to this u is the 00 us'd Lat. Furt'urinus, leal. Inferigno. Lac. Pondus, Ponderis, VcllaijVelby ^/-f Englifli .jW Dutch. Gr. Bi««, Lat. Pafco. leris ; Munus, Muneris, &C. So tEnglDom, Doom; Brom, Broom; Lat. Fovii, Fatii: Mr. Men.

Lat. Solidus, leal. Saldo.

!

!

A

Gr.'AfgoTfar, Lat

t f Lat.Coday Cauda

;

Non.Marccll.

Fot, a Foot

;

Hof, a Hoof, &C.

Germ,Hoch, Kigh Bclg. Hooghe. O chang'd into E. Germ Ohr, An Ear; Belg. Oore. Cabbage ; Belg. W. Onnen & On-wydhen, A?: Germ. Kohl, AJb-Tree ; Corn Enwedhan. Koole. The Navel; The in many Corn. & Italians -words, ufe W. Bogel, o or u indifferently ; Jaying Sorge Arm. Begel. Rhonkian , Snorting; Corn. or Surge ; Fofle or Fuffi ; Facolta ;

A

W

luro, Dejero, Pejero. IS.

Anciq.

j

M

D

longiliae Ter-

tiae cojug: inconparabili

quae vix It mecum

Ann

.

ZT piae

1 11

M

.

.

v11

D. XIII. Benemerenti, dolens ani-

mo

Icbens feci , Sextus Trutteius Amianthus. Fabr. p. ifi.N xi6.

U

chang'd into

I. or Faculta ; Popolo or Populo, &C. And the fame ice may aljb objerve VV. Bluydhyn, ATear; Ir.BliadTo Bate; Corn. Peba. han. Dydh Nadolig [& vul. Dyu in the Old Roman Orthography. Nadolig 1 Chrijfmas-day ; Com. In the High-vay betwixt Margam \M.myd,Meat; Ir Biadh. Ncdelik. <?WKynhg in Glamorganlliire, ve W. Lhuyd, Gray ; Jr. Liach. W. Dio'^i, Idlenejs; Arm. Dicgi. find a Stone In/cr:b'd VvMrzivs Ca- W. Tuym, U'arm Ir. Timea;:. Sea Fowl, caU'da W.Oleu, 07/; Arm. eol. RANTORIVS for POMPEIVS. So On W. t Guyran, Barnacle ; Ir. Giran. W. PeA;od, Sin; Arm. VexctMaen Lhythyrog at Mynydh MarShield; Ir. Skiach W. fLhoftog, L. Caudatus; Arm. gam in the fame County, PRONEPVS W.Skuyd, Loftek Streden loftck, a Blaz- /orPRONEPOS. Camd Gibf p. 617. W. Sun, Sound; Ir. Slan Blejfmg, Boing-Star or Commet. And at a place Corruptly caWd Pant t Engl. Bledlunge, dung, Boding [or declaring] W. Lho, Calf; Arm. Lue. y Pollion for Pant Paulin at Braeftlung, a Ruffling; ClacW.Bod, ro^fi Ir. Bcith. Caio in the County 0/ Carmarthen, rung, aClatering or Noije; Bewe find on the Tomb-flone of one t Engl. Oft, TheEaft. tux, Betwixt, &c. Engl. Woden , Weden ; tpkence Paulinus, the word Shrvatvr for Wedn's-day. SERVATOR.Ibid. p. 615. Nor was Iss. Antiq.] Monimentum/or Monumentum occurrs very often m it the Ignorance of the Vulgar in retEngl.BIetfod, B/#</. Roman Infcriptions as -well as in fEngl. Bocode, Book'd, Infcrib'd. mote Countreys, to writefo ; but even Old MSS. Q^Caecilius Q^L. Pricommon it at Rome felf: as we find t Engl. Brothor, Brother. mus emit in Monimento PalangaGerm. \\ ol. Bcig. &Engl. Xrell. by Signior Fabretti's Curious Collenor. in agro Fonteiano quod eft Lac. Horologium, Span. 'Relax. <?;o»»/ Roman Infcriptions. Via Aurelia in cUvo Rutario , Lac Mola, Fr. Meule ; Lat. Morus, parte finifteriore Columbaria n. x Fr. Meure ; L. Novus, Fr. Keuf; Diis. Manibvs OUarum n. XXXX. Sibi CaeciLac Soror, Fr. Soeur. Et. Gen 10 liae, &C. Haec colubaria olGr. KtixAwvJ', Lat. Codes. C. Flavh. Hermetis lae alio nomine neminem fiquentur Gr. Tiiv, Lat. Genu. Ave. Lib. It ut area quae a et cedit MoniLat. Bonus, Bra^, Benignuf, &c. Ab. EFISTVLIS. Graecis mento Comm. upt liceat facriIvLiA Antistia. Mater fLat. Vortex, Vertex.

Rcnki.

W. Pobi,

W

A

;

A

:

A

A

'

^

—

^

Infelicissima. Filio De. Se. B. M. Cv.vi Lacr. P. Vix An. XVIII. .M. V. D XIII. Fabr.

Lat. Vorfus, Ferfit. t Lac. Complocti, ComfleUi. t Lat. Votare, Vetare. f Lat. ConvoUere, Convellere.

f

O W.

Iss.

ckang'd into

Goglais gleadh

,

Jitillation

W. Tin, Ir. Ton,

N.

C^.

;

Ir.

Gi-

And rum fecit

D .M. Fatop. 87. N. xr. arbitris Aurelia Secunda frjiva fibi

^

Aurelio Optato,

filio

Gr.'o,-,

dulcijjtmo qui vtxit ahf.is VI

Gr.'OfiSse;, Lat. Imier.

bus X. diebus xvilll. libertis, libertabufque poflerifque eorum dr qui na-

E

^

ficiumfacere Racilia cilio

jugi

1.

menfi-

Fabr.

p. 10.

M. fecit Cn

Eutychia

Telejphoro, Patrono

— St

quis huic

N

L.

Ra

& Con-

Monimento

me aliquam

controverfiam facere voluerit aut de nomine auferre,infereticr!LnoP. R. H V. M N. Infronte p. xil. s. in agro p. xir.

poft

I.

The Breech.

Lat // Gr. Ksnf, Lat C/f"/.

p. 71.

^

H.

M.D..M.A.

lb. p. 4-.

N.l6^.

So Contibernali for Contubcrnali in the following.

DM.

,;,

COMP Tra?IVE ETYMOLOGY.

i8

TIT.

Obs. XVIII.

Chance Of

I.

commune

Vrsi. Spe.

PR.r.V.PERVINClVS Peregrinvs Heres

Merenti

U

chavgd

W. Tuym Warm Warmth

i

,

into

&

D

—

Al. ciundum Coeravit. p. 140. Aha?!! L. P. T. MunatioT.F. ^juat91- ftores aire moltac condederout. p. 141. N. ^)i. — Poublico p. 24.1.

Bene

N.

O.

Tuymder

Tom

Corn.

Tom-

&:

N. 667. Cn. Ricinio Cn. F. Pup. perfac Scr. Tr. Mil. Avonculo- p. 38^-

N.

—

xi$.

W. Kuyr, Wax^ Com.Kor, Arm. Water

Corn. Dour.

;

cum

taberjie p.

Koar.

ediftcio

pesk, Fiflj-Spami. .(au'it^j Lat. Gavia. Gr.Niv'joK, Lat. Nervus. Vid. Gel. Nodt. Att.xru. xxi. Gr. fiE^.-jf, Lat. Pelvis.

y

is fometimes ,

As Dimedha from

que eft juncla <^ hurto , &C.

N

z66. 399 Hie fttus ille ego Merulator Pub-

M.

Corn. To JUarry Diuedhi.

in

W.

the

Y chang'd into \V. Rhedyn, Fern

W

A

Mylvran, Malvran. .

W.

An

Rhuyv,

A

but rarely cha7igd

i7ito

monomento

Huic

cauj'a

cedit cuftodiae

der.

W. Dur,

—Nufic

—

Fecit.

lb. p. 134..

.

tuferva Sepul- Gr. K«uu;

crum. Que nos haec tecum mox teget orna fmul. lb. pag. lyi. L.Fabricius C.F. Cur. Fiar.fa-

CvLATOR. CoHIIII-

CONTIBERNALI

Vowels.

31. i^ 3

nobis cuftos

Change Of

Obs. XVIII.

Vowels. vos V.ftbi <^ fuis. p

M.

D.

Change Of

Obs. XVIII.

Vowels. M- AvR.

;

;

•

A.

Corn. Redan. Cormorant ; Arm. ;

Oar

;

Arm.Rava,

W. Mysk, ^mo7ig// ; Ai:m.Meask. ^jupd vocitatus eram Baebius co- W. y;ii. An Ox; Ir. fAx. Arm. &Ir. Poll. gnomine Patris Gr. Kt/i*, Lat. Canii. &c. Black-berry, \V. NJuiaren, Roma mihipatria nomen meu Pri- Gr. is^vAii, Lat. Calix. Coin Moaren. mus in aevom Gr. Mvi\iu, Lat. Madeo, &c. \\f Mc<i\M,Dru}ik ; Corn. Medho Hos verfus fraterque foror tumuArm. Stag ; Corn. \V. Karu,' cha7igd i7ito E. loque dicarunt Karo. &ui pietate ftta merito laudeni po- W. Dyu, God; Corn. Deu. BuU ; Corn. Taro. \V. Taru, p. 4.18. 373. V/. Dvn, Man; Corn. Dean. Ram, Corn. Hor. ftiere. Hurdh, Aurelia —Cafta pudens volgei S. W. Iluydho [ W. ;tuydho ] W. Hiu, ASov, Corn. Hoh 1 388 To Swell; Corn. Huedhi.' viro. neftia,feida 41 p. Corn. Plow-:ihare i W- Sua; , Quomfa re;confolerecur lov- W. G uyrdh, Green ; Corn. Guer. Zoh. filent cenjiiere homines pious V oin- W. Guydyr, Glafi, Corn.Gueder. W. Uylo, To Weep ; Corn Ola. voriei virei at que mulicres facra neArm. Guer. W. Ciuyl, Holy Corn. (]ul. quijquam fecije velet neve inter tbei Piyd,Time; Corn. Prcz. W. Maru, Dead; Corn. Maro. virei pious duobus, mulieribus plous Pryv, .riWorm; Corn. Prev. Uaro. VV. Deni, Oaks ; Arm. Tree; Corn. GuedVV.Uybyr, The sky, Arm. Oabr. tribus adfuifevelent, vijei de PR. ur- Guydhen, han, Arm. Guezan&Guedhan. W. Lhuy, Spoon Arm. L.oa. ban! Senatuofquc (intent1 ad , utei conhaice utei tn fupradfiriptum W. Gulydh chick-weed ^ Corn , eft He-Goat ; Ir. Boc W. Bu;*;, vent ionid ex deicatis ne minus triGledh. Poc gabhair. num noundinum Senatuofque ftn- VV.Pymp, Five; CornPemp. W. Wii,ABoi»i Ir. Boia. W.fKnuk, AHiUi [M. a SveUing] tentiam utcljiientes efetis eorum feti- W.V^i^k, Fijh; Corn. Pesk. tentia ita futt feiques efint quei ar- \V.&\s,A Finger orToe; Corn.BeZ Ir. Knok

W.Pulh,

A

Pool, a Piti Corn.

lics ipje

A

A A

W.

&

y

N

A

N

A

—

.

.

i

;

A

A A

;

&

A

'

vorfiim ead feciftnt quatn Jiiprad Boat Ir. Koka. Ku;e, Kiiyn,Comp/ai>tti Ir.Koineadh. ftriptum eft eeis rem caput alem faciRabbit i Ir. Koi- endam cenjuere, at que utcihoce in taKuningen, bolam ahenam incidcretis ; Ita Senanin.

W. W.

-,

A

W.

W.Trum,

Heavy, Ir. Trom. W. Dur, Water; Ir, fDovar. \V. Duvun, Deep; Corn. Doun, Ir. Dovaiu. Fijfi It. Dorn, a W.Durn,

A

tus

aiquom

earn fei-

gier ioubeatis ubei faciliumed gno. ftier potiftt atque utei ea Bacanalia

extrad quam feiqutd ihei ita utei fupradfiriptum eft in

fii qua Jiint fr.cri eft

diebus

Hajidle.

ccnjitit, ttteique

X.

quibus vobeis tabelai datai

W.Lhuyd

Armor. Lued. Arm. Melen Vi'^.Guyn, White; Arm. Guen: Gray

,

VV.Melyn,

Tello-iD

G uln guen W. Sva;, W.Kry

;

;

;

IVhite wine.

Dry; Arm. Sea;e. Kryv, Strong; Arm.

&

Kre.

W. Guydyn, Tough; Arm.Gueden W. Kyn, So at much as; Arm J

Ken.

erunt, faciatis ut eidis mota ftent in W.Dvdh,^i><s7,- Arm. Deis. W. Lhum, Bare; Ir. Lom. Wliere V/. Kyf, yi Block; Arm. Kef. W-Siiiii Noife or Sou7tJ ; Ir.Soin. agro Tevrano. Ibid, p 417. Pool; Arm. hen. Rower ; Ir. Ro- much more of the fame Orthography. W.Lhyn, W. Rhuy vur , And in Reineiius's Syntag. iss. W. Kelyn,//9^ ; Arm. Kelen. vaire. Scripfi in \V.¥\g, Pitch; Arm. Pck. Hole; Ir. ToU.&cpoll. p.4ix. N. 40. -we read Tulh, uxori fecit W.Rhuyda;, JV^r^i Arm.Ruezu W. Tunny, Shining; lr.Tonna;i;. Orbe Roma. Sibi the like V.''. Meiyn , Yellow ; Arm. Melen. vivos, atid 60. N. p. 137. Tmr.,AHog; Ir.Tork. examples elfewhere frequently Nor W. Y mysk, AmongH ; Jr Meask So in the OhlEi'gl'jh Buta, Both mynnan, AKid; Ir A plecun, Aple- is this yet difiontinued by the Italians, Vv-'.Myn Bulluce, a Bullock Meannan. ton; Huntadun, Huntingdon; Su- -who -write and read for the Latin Molto StolW. Byr, Short; Smlritia^ Ir. fBearri Corn Muhui, ; for thc-gcwcork , Southwark ; SuthArm. Ber. Hamtun , Southampton ; Suna , a tizia ; for Sepultura^ Sepoltura Triumphus, Iriomfo; Ulmus, O/- VV.Ty, AHoufe; Ir. Tea. Son; Fugul, a Fowl; luc, a Toai Mus, a Aloi/fe ;Hus, Houfi ; VVulfa, mo ; Unda , Onda ; Ultra , Oltre j W. B\u, Living; Ir. Bea W. Tyn, Strait ; Ir. Teann. a Wolf Wudugat, a Roe; q.d. a Nuce, Noce, &c.

A

A

A

W.

— &

—

W.

.

&

i

&

;

IFood-Goat, &C Germ. Kupffcr, Belg. &c Engl. Copper ; Summer, Son/mer, &c.

U Vovel

cha7!g'd

i7!to

V

W. Yvydhdod,

Confonant.

A

Shovel; Corn. Rev. \V. RbaU, in Old Injcriptions we find Rev tan, a Fire-Shovel. Bees; Arm. Keften common -where nowwe uj'e W.Guenyn, ov O or Jo Bee-Hive. venen, V. that rcc have no room to doubt hut that in the time of the Romans, VV.Neuydh, ATfip; Arm. Neves. a great many -writ jo conftantly. hi W.Klyued, The Hearing; Corn.

Afid

A

Fabr. p 33- N. \(i%- toe fwd the word Cujus -written Quoius Cornelius P. F. hicfitus eft, Quoius Pietas :

laefit

7ieminem.

— L.

Aufujlius Vi-

Klevct. Euin,

W.

A Nail or Clan);

Ivin.

W. Uix',

Eggs

;

Obedience; It. Ei-

veaAid.

\V.Glyn,AyalIeyi Ir. Gleann. W. Lhyn, Liquor ; Ir. Leann. Gr. 'r^/.^i;, Lat. Remus. Gr. 'rt-^uA![9t, Lat. Remulcut. Gr.MxrVn, Lit. Mattea.

Y chafig'd into O.

Arm. \V.Rh\,Toof»uchi Ir. Ra. Cow fW. Bf [Mod. byxxfi'] Ir B3. Arm. Viou Viou

A

:

tW. Lhym

,

:

.:

TIT. I. COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY. »9 XIX. Change Of O B XIX. Change Of O Bs. XVIII. Changi^Of O 1)

f

W. Lhymmiu,

jin Enfgn

V..\\!yrt,

;

A Thorn. A Wort or Herb Wyri

A Spring

viz,.

;

urfmaU Brook. Gr. kuxv, Lac. Mola,^f.

\\f.

Ds,

S. VV.

i

Black;

S.

W.

Klyft,

W.Plyen

An

Ljr,

Ir.

&

Ir. Ivliiiv

VV. Klyn

Truadh.

Ir

;

,

Kluas. Feather

V\'^\yn., A & Kluivin.

A

Hip,

Ir.

Glun, a Knee. W. Krvg &c Krig,

--^

Htw/-;

i

Ir.

KiCiiX-

W. Pry V, A Worm; Ir. Kruv. W. Kynnog, AJinallPaili Ir. Kuinneog, ^ Chttm.

W. Sky bo,

LoAjlonna;;.

W.Lhynky, To Swallow;

Ir.

f

Lon-

XIX.

Change Of The Labial

f K.luan 6c

To Sureep; Ir. Skuaba. Burt or Vat. t Engl. Bye,

A

Letters

,

ym mhiyjy, bendIrilli,

vary their Initial Letters much after the fame manner liodhar. that , faving Norwegian, neither of them ufe this Mh. nor Nh. fortheM}n. oftheh,ih,(as we/hall

OBSERVAT.

,-

Lfari

yn

Logaz.

gadh, to Devour.

;

W.Trvan,

A

t"

Ir.

]

her or it, t. g. ing me, &c.

The Cornifl), Armoric and

Com.

.

;

V.M.

ym mhuio, Beating me ; Plyj;y,'/o bend or fold Plyga'r Uialch!, bend Corn. [thou] the rod; lu bhjjy, to bend him [ or it, m. g. iu fl\ ry to bend

;

Bydhar, Deaf; Ir. Lhy/;lynnydh, \V

W. Dyu, God Arm. Due. W, Dvn, A Man Ir. Duine. W. Voider, Height Ir. UaAidar.

)

;

;

W. Dyvnder, Depth C-Doundcr. W. Mvnydh, A Mountain Corn. W.

Duv.

Ir.

().

A Preact/er

j

The Sun i Corn,Houl. Go!di Corn. Our.

loyl,

W.Oyr,

V/. Pryjcchur, Progathar.

&: Ir. Monadh. \V. Lhygod, Mice;

Y ch.ing'd into XJ.

Cor ph.

B. F.

A

y chang'd into

tE. Wyrd, AlVordi Bywyrd,/»

p.

Ijlaud ; Ir. In is.

Puio, To Beat ; yn puyo'r ba;!;W.ymmyl. Border; Ir. Immeal. een, Beating the Boy ; lu buio, to beat him, lu fuio, to beat her W. tyfly, To Eat; Ir. Iladh. yn ;

tun, 't Garden. f K. Hyrnet, yl Hornet.

A

An

The Labial Letters

V. M.

Ir.

\V. ynys,

By-word. Bourn f E.Byrn,

(or Ph.)

p. B. K.

t Loman. t Engl. Thyrncn, 1

s.

s.

The Labial Letters

Vowels.

r. b.f. (or

Ph.; V.m.

In the foregoing Notes, I have for the mofi part omitted the Alteration of yowels in the fame words of one and the fame Language or DialeH, OH account of Dectcnfion, Conjuga-

eljewhere dijlinguijh ) is only equivalent to V confonant. I choofe therefore to referr the Reader to their

Grammars , and

to exemplify here only in the VVelfll. This variation of Initial Letters will doubtlefs feem very fingular to Strangers ; but in the Bricilh 'tis all-

ways

regular; and conflantly betwixt Letters of the fame Organ of Pronunciation ; For a Labial Letter is never chang'd to a Dental, nor

a Dental to a Labial, e^c 'Twas doubtlefs fo ( tho' there be ; ; nowfome exceptions ) formerly m the Fon, a Staff, Plur. Fyn ; Naid, a ln{[\; faving that their Initial F. Leap, Ncidio, to leap Kar Ka- andS were always .^as partly yet .^after ra, Love thou Kcrais, I have lov'd, the manner of the Spaniards, chang'd Karav, I will love; Drug, Bad; to H,&c. Nor are theju Initial vaDrykhin, a Storm q d. Drug-hin. riations how ever furprix-ing at firfi i. c. Bad Weather. Arm. Karo, a view, more difficult or ungrammatiStag; Plur. Kirvi ; YAoz, a Bell, cal than thofe numerous Declenfions, Plur. KlcA^iet ; Me laqua , I put or change of Terminations in the Memeus lequet, I have put. Ir. Greek and Latin Nouns, which in Nom. Dia, God Gen Dc. Nom. the Britifll are alter d but once, and Mac. a 5ow;Gen.[&Nom.Pl.] Mic, that only for Diflinflion of the &C. Such Notes 1 fay, becavfe they Number.

tion, Compofttlon,

Maneg,

A

Such as \\I

&c-

Glove

Plur.

Menig

&

;

;

y Chang d into A.

W. yskalhen,

Corn.

AThiJlle-,

Askallan.

MynaA;, A' Monk ; Arm. Mana;K Cormorant Arm. Mylvran,

W

A

.

;

Nlalvran.

W. MvnaA;, Oar; Ir. Mana^iW. Rhybydh, Warning Ir. Rar

i

'

vadli.

,-

occur in

Grammars, are here indu-

RefleSiing on the great affinity be-

flrioufly omitted; but the Alterations

twixt fuch of our European Lan\y. ynys, An Com Enys. of Initial Conjonants, Jo peculiar to guages, as 1 have any Infight in, I W. Trybedh, ATrizct or Brand- thefe Ancient Languages of Britain have been fometimes te7iipted to a and Ireland, that all our Neighbour- fufpicion, that this changing Iron; Corii.Trebath. of IniStrav>-ierry i Com. ing Nations feem utter Strangers to tial Letters was once a prevailing S- \V .Sjvi, them claim fome room in the Cuflom no lejs in , may the Scvi. Contine7it than

y chang'd

into

E.

Ijland-,

A

W. Dyvrj^i, An Otter ;C.Deviit,i. W. K> fylog, AU'ood Cock Corn. •

Kyvclak. Arm. Kefclck.

W .Dysky, To Learn

W. Lliyvyr, A Book

;

;

Cor Deski. Corn.Levar.

Arm. Leur.

W. Hvdrev, The month ofO&ober; C. Hedra. VV. Tyuylh,

W.Pyfgodur,

Arm. Teval.

A

Arm.

F'Jher;

Pesketter.

W.Skyvanr, The Lungs; Armor. Skcvcn:.

ysbicn, Spain Ir. Eatbain. adhere ; Ir. Gleana. Lhys-\o.h,A Step Son Ir. Le;

W.Glyny, To

,-

af-vac.

W. Mynaiied, An Awl;

Ir.Mea-

nadh. y chang'd into I. W.Kynnyd, Ffirf/;Corn. Kinnis W. ByA-an, Small; Corn. Arm.

&

Bian.

W.

ynyd, Shrove-Tide;

Ir. Init.

.

A

A

;

W.SyxsdyThirfl; Arm Scxcd. W. t Prydain, Britain ; Ir. Breatin.

W.

yet with us : And that their dif. ontinuing it, has been one great caufe In the Welfli, fuch words {efpeci- of the Origin of various Dialers, ally Subflantives and Verbs aBive) as which upon further Alteration (otie in their primary ufe, begin wtth P. while by Corruption, and another by conjlantly change that letter inffeak- Improvement) became in time diing and writing as occajion Jhall re- flni£i Languages. which lajl,as And as in Welfli, for Example, quire, i>ito B.F. or Valley, Perth, a Bujb, Paalfo Nh. being together wtth Lh. and Pant, Rh. peculiar to //v Wellll, / erro- red, a Wall, &c. are chang'd into neoujly omitted in the General Al- Bant, Fant, Mhant ; Berth, Perth, Mherth ; Bared, Fared, Mhared phabet, p 2. Head: Pen gur, a So limaein'd the Latin Pruina came Ex.gr.Pcn, man's head ben, his head i fen or to be cau'd by the French Brouine, as fuch words are always written) i and by //-f Itali.uis, Brina. Lat. PoC phen, her head ; y mhcn, my head. lentarius. ):x. Boulanger ; Lat. PaPuys , Weight ; POys ayr , the ter, Ida. Bater; Span. Pequcuweight of Gold i buys, it's weight; no, W. Byvtan ; Gr. i].A<,aQ«, Lat. ym mhCiys, my Bcllum ; n«Ti.'», Delph. u^r«, ; n,i fuys, her weight ; 'tis

P.

Mh

Drfr/-;

VV.Kl>'\ved, To Hear; Arm.Klevec.

W.

following Qbfervations.

i

;

m

;

weight.

"tii,

Delph.

ax<ei. Plut. in Hellcni-

Pyuys , The Countrej fo caWd Tir PyuySjPoiryy Land; O Benvro i Byuys,Frow Pembroke to Powys;

cis.

x\*>c.,.i,,

[UrbsThracise]

A«.»;

v,x>-

ngjHn*),, Bralica. Seal.

Gcr Fifth; Pater,Germ. Pes, Germ. Fus Pedis,

L.Pifcis,

Dyved a Fyuys, the Countrey of Fatter; Dyved [wowPembrokefhire] and Bclg. Foe/, t Engl. Fot i Gr Powys ; vm mhcnlhyn ag ym mhy- Germ. Fartfin. ,

uys, at Penlhyn

and

at

Powys.

Gr. n«r.v

,

n.jJL,

/Eol. MirH; nxJBSK, i€ol.

,

;;

TIT.I.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

Chance Of The Labial Letters (or?h.)

p. B. F.

Change Of

Obs. XIX.

Obs. XIX.

Change Of The Labial Letters

Obs. XIX.

The Labial Letters (or Ph.

p. B. F.

V. M.

Lat. Plumbum,Gr. Fr. Pouil, Ir. Miol;

^ol. Ma^Sm;

Kuir&

AiTiis,

Koire. W. Pren, Tree; ir. Kran. M.At/JJi; i Par, W. Couple; Ir Koraid. Paflrun; Ital. Mazza,^<:. Pridh,£arr/j or Clay; Ir.Kriadh. v?«i I was further -wiUing tofuppofe Prey; Ir. Kreajj. that by the Jhne Accident, f^f Weldi W.Praidh, mord Pryd, the Mind ; was changd W. Pa raid ? JVherefore ? Ir.K'red by the Cornifll into Brez ; our Qbfo- W. Pryv, AWorm ; Ir. Kruv. Ir.

A A A

W.

W

lete Paft

Paftun

\_-whence

into the Irifh

Fuftis;& Pen, a Head,

W. Pob, Every

a Club,

]

and the

Bat,

;

to Finis.

A

A

Sprig, into the Irijh BePinkin, anpan; Pally, to refufe into their

W.

The Latin ViT^i\\o,and our ; and our Put, any fl^ort Truncheon, &c. into their fNlut. Nor needes there be much fcruple to allow Jiich a Corruption of

W.tMap[M.Mab]

yfpydhad

,

;

Tlatt, P'as.

nuTCMtSi' Vitricus. niTKAos, yitulus.

niri.Volo, as;

Pilus,Fi/w. Id.

B

chafig'd into

C

or K.

&

W.

as

Brith [ plur. Brithion, Bry] Painted; Ir. Kruithnea;;, which fignifes alfo a Pift that j fi a Pi(5l was no other tha?i an ex-

thon

Haw-thorn.

Ir.

A Son;

Ir.

Mak.

Pelle, into their Feleacan

VoIT De perm lit. Lit.

Verpa, Vervex. Idem.

Skiatha;K.

Faillie;

M.

) V.

Levis.

Cca^, or jach parts of

Ir.

And femetimes i?i other the words lue fnd the fame

ILatin

(or ?h.

p. B. F.

J v. M.

tra-provincial,

&

Brythyn

[ or Bri-

tanj obferv'd by Voflfius, in Breathnigh, thofe Subjeiled to the Romans. of the Jnterrogatives and Relatives of the }onic Dialed. lones L. Brevis [ W. Byr] Gcrm.Kurts, Bclg Cort, Ir. Ccearr or gearr. the Initial Letters ; feeii/g ther's no (fries he) inlnterrogativis mutant ^ <,. Ir. Bran; Ita Ku; dicunt pro '»»s ; ox«s W. Germ. Rrah 7iiore herei?! requir'd than -what toe whence Krafen, /» oWEngl. HraecTtut that xi jytraj (provided pro mm;, ; pro ">} beevdotie has are fure fcn, and modern. Raven. Gr. K«yrvicf, i(sici ; o Tivia^t o be allow d a Corruption) by the Ita- a TTctra.', o^ot; (,mr. lians and Spaniards, in the Termi- )(JU5; Tra'iTJ, )(ore ; a Triri, c usTi. GrXEngl. Grofs Quin W. Bias [ Germ. nation For we fee that in the Sin- cis quuque xvaf/a ell: Faba ] Lat. Craffus. gular Number, they have Confin'd c^ JEolcs quoq; uti >= pro ^ teftatur Sic W. Barny, Gr. Ke^'w But whether the Latin Nouns to the Ablative Etymologici audor in >»'•' in thefe words B is chang'd i7ito Scintilla Cale; calling a Horfe, ex.gr. Ca- Lat. lecur a Gr. iwa/i or the contrary, is left to the an Ox , Bue quafi Spintilla a f-TrjJ^^: Qer. Jo^ vallo ; a Bull, Toro Reader's judgement. literarum Puerco. De permutatione. Vojf. Hog, Porco 6c ; a Bove 5o Jupiter, Giove; Venus, Venere-, Lac. Pa rce, Engl Scarce; ItalScarfo. B chang'd into D. Aries, Ariete ; Canis, Cane, &c. Lat Sapio. Ital Saccio. Ajidin the Plural, the Italians have Gr. la'OT;. haz. E'juus. Mr. Menage derives the Celtique commonly aim'd ( Notwithjfanding P chang'd into M. Dun, a Hill, Sec. V. Supra p. 5their being fi often befdesthe mark ) col. 3. at the Nominative Cafe, whence Corn. Pempas, The Fifth; W.PymLat.Gleba, Engl Clod; Ec\g.Clot medh. Cavalli, Hor/w; Vorci, Hogs; Ca-

The fame

is

refpefi

&

m

;

I

;

1

&

I

:

:

I

.

j

&

1

K

;

i

&

:

,

;

A

valle, Mares; Capre, Goats, 6cc. Lat. Scrpyllum, Ital SermoUine. and the Spaniards have made Choice Lat. Carpere,Ical. Ghermire. Men,

of the Accufative ; frying Cavallos, Porcos, Yeguas, Cabras. But to return to ourpropos'd method.

P

chang'dinto

K

C

Sch

Alphabetical Vocabulary , 1 have by me, that Letter is omitted; and 710 kfs obfervable that a confiderable number of thofe words whofe Letter

it

in the Britifli

is,

Language

t»ith

j

a K. or

C. as partappears by the following examples Pole or Stake; Ir Kual. W.Paul, (

as they conflantly write)

ly

A

AThing

Lat.

'iTTitf.

Smarrire. Id.

Ital.

F

chang'd into

W. Blaidh,

A Wolf;

or Ph.

Faol.

Ir.

tEngl. yElbinne, Elfs: Fxld-Ael-

Somnus.

binne, Field Elfs.

Q:_

cient

Initial

Gr.

P or

It's very Remarkable, that there are farce any words in the Irifh [hefides what are borrow' dfrom the Latin orfome other Language) that begin with V.info much that in an An-

begin in that

Lat. Perdere,

B

chang'd

i?ito

in the It.ilian,

fEngl.Sper-habuc

Sh.

and Ch.

in the

French,<jrp accordi?ig to their modern Pronunciation equivaleiit ?o o«r Sh

we frequently find the Letters P. ajidil.. counterckangd butfeldom ortiever P. andS. it may be queflion'd whether the old Pronunciationwas 7iot as x,,or the Welfll ^'WlrifliCh. whichfeems partly con firm'd by the French's calling a Rock, both Roc Roche. tho' in regard

aW

A Sparrow-hawk.

& Spcr-hafoc,

t Engl. Bregyd, Afraid. Engl. Thief; Belg. , Dief. Germ Liebe, Love ; Belg. Liefde. Germ. Ein altcs weib. An old Woman ; Belg. Een oudt wijf.

Germ. Dieb

Ger.Herbft, Harvefi; Belg.Herfst. Basket; Belg.

Germ. Korb,

A

Korf.

Germ. Schreibfeder,

A

Writing-

pen ; Belg. Schrijfveder. An. tPrOA;?&C. Lat Sebum, Ft.Suf Roche.

L.PropCjFr.Prof/j.

Lat Rupes; Fr.

Lat. Bubulcus,

Lat. Sepia, Fr. Seiche.

Lat-

Apium,

Gr.

Fr. Ache.

a Part or

©£/!«!,"«!,

S,^ifia,

; alfo Lat. Spina, Ital. Scie7ia. \V. Peth, Share; Some,8iC- h.K.od,Kodi Lat. Sperno, Ital. Schema.

Fre7no

i!-i(.»>6f,

Ital. B//o/co.

Lat. Triumphus.

BurKix, Fafiia ; B«'Fajcinus, Afi.<ptXK%M> ij*;

'

&CC. This ki}id of Altewas common amongfl the Ji'^hat? Ir. Ka.? Macedonians. ckajig'd P. into V. Euftath. in T. Ea/er Ir. Kafg. W. Pask, Dionyfii Geogr. Corn. Pencas, IVhitfon-Tide ; Ir. W. Poeth, Hot; Ir. Teith. The Germans and Britans ufe freKinkis. W. Plays, Weight ; Ir Tovas. quently the B. where the Latins have W. Peifwin, Chaff; Ir. Kaithfloan. Ix.VolAHole; W.Tulh. but whether of them is a CorF. Cough; Ir. Kala^jd. Gr. Titdtihiu, The month of DecejnW.Pefu;^, Head Ir. Keann. ber W. Pen, W. Ta;i;Uedh , November. ruption of the other we leave to the Reader's Determinatio>i. W.Puy ? Who ? Ir. Kia. Lat. Sceptrum, Span. Settro. Germ. Buch, Engl. Beech; Belg. W. Puylh, Sejife or Meaning; Ir. Gr. BAaa-l«, Lat. Blatta.

Kayd. W. Pa?

Lat. Spira,

cpr/.oupi!,

Ital. Sclera.

ration

;

A

A

;

;

Kial

W .Vhm,

Children

;

Ir.

Klann,

&

Gr. Gr. Gr.

Buck ; Lat. Fagus. Germ. Ein Blaalt,

*«fof, Lat. Sturnus.

A

Lat. Trans. Tf!iT», Lat. Verto. nigjtf,

Germ. [&Engl.] Gebrooken, L. Fraflus.

;

Germ. Bruder,

'

A

W.

;

?

Blajf; Lat.

Flatus.

Kland. S. W. Plvv, Feathers; Ir. Kluyv. P chang'd into V C07if. W. Peduar, Four Ir. Kathair. Amft'jKiiy Averrunco. W. Pymp, Five; Ir. Kuig. Furnace, d Cauldron; M.o\. KAiTus, [pro xXiTvi ] Clivus. W.Pair,

Bai;t; ,

Lat. Frater

Lat. Fafcis.

W. Brud, .

;;

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.L

O B s. XiX. Chance Of Tm. Labial Letters (or Vh.

B. p. F.

W.Brud, Lac. W.Blodcyin,

)

O B XIX. Change b f The Labial Letters

M.

V.

B. p. F. C

or Ph. ; V. M.

B

Spaniards often pronounce tlx

Fervid«s.

B we

obferve) us'd formerly no other, than h or as neither doe

h'/os.

m

F. ('or

p.

the Britifh,

bclg Dat niocfen, find, as an V Conjbn. and the Bntans Blollom, Ir. Bladh, Germ. (as wejball elfewhere have occajion to

Kngl Eiu Bhlc, Lat.

21

Obs. XiX. Change Of The Initial Letters

s.

Hraud, a brother

Brother;

My

mraud,

Ph.; V.M.

only into

vraud

i

;

is

[

V and M brau.i

,

brother

iizri.

;

as

Her

His brother;

ym

Bread;

the 1 x\\\\at this 1 bara. Her bread; VAjvdig o vara. day j only of later Ages their Gram- Some bread; ym mara. My bread, marians have very well difiingmjhcd Barrow i Cor. Gra^ W. Bcrua, this, and all their other Mutes upon var. F chang'd into B. Engl. Brati , Jr. Gaiavan; change of their Primary Pronuncia- W.Fcncftr, W. JVinduw:, Corn. tion, with a point thus [ CJr. Ki/g^««. Beilder. J above the Deggio Subjctto, Letters, or an h ^ter. Ital. Debbo , Ir.Fhdh, Deer; Arm. Fr. Suggetto; Gabbia, Gaggia, &c Con^.l\obcr, Copper , Arm. Kuevr. Bich. Beaver. Grandfather J I Engl. Heber, Sp. Ab.V-lo [ Lat. Fiber, Fr. Bie'vre, Engl GcrniSilbcr, Bclg Aguclo. EivX Silver. Beaver; Ital. Bevero ; Span. BeGerm. Habcrn. Bclg }rhvci,Oats. Gr. iui^«{.(, yEoI. rxifmti. fre. Germ Ballubcn, BxXuici , r«A«w; Bath j Belg. Lat. Fremitus, Span whence the Lat. Bramido. Bacdltovc. Cjlans. Gr.' AAi^o,-, Lat.

B

G

cL-Migii into

A

&

A

•

& A

&

A

Blyde

A

B W'"

.

cha?ig'd into

Bob dydh

Arm

Lat.

[

M.

Bevnydh

Albus.

&

Gubarc, Fr. Couver Mor- Gr. "a,«^», Lat. Amho. bus, Morve. Gr. <!>KXa4,x. Lac. Baltena. Lat Rubens, Ital. Rovente; pleb.s, O^^xv:,;. iufcc?u»Js.

Engl. G/ad.

,

a

&

.

Bclg.

Daily

]

,-

pieve; plebanus, Piovano,&cc. Cibus j Span. C/evo ; Faba

Umbilicus.

i>ifmK„

I

,

Fr. Corme.

Lat. Sabbati dies. Fr. Samedy. Lat. Jacobus, leal. Giacomo

x^evror

,

&

m

Sephme Praetoriae Centvria Glyconiana

B

fltllfo by

B or M. and

the\n^\: as VV. Afal,

is

Ir.

Ubhal, an Apple, &c but this is only a Variation of Orthography , not of Pronunciation.

F is butfeldom chang'd to KC.orC.

W.

& AngI, Flagen,

Gr Gr

Ni^«,

Ir.

Kla^n.

tesa, Lac. Gero.

Lac. Ningo.

/Eol. Ttffc; pro Hifti

Balerio Crispo CON'MANICVLARIO CoNDAM MlLI-

chang'd in P.

A Town of

The F ofthe Modern Welfll, was anciently exprefed by

Iss. Antiq ] r/6^ B was douklefs pronounced by fame, as an V Confonant the time of the Romans, elfe wejhould never find on their old Mo-

7imiients Vene for Bene ; Livertus Lat Benioinum, Span. Men)ui. for Libertus; Inconparavilis for Lat Morbus, Span. Muermo. Lat. Bimeii Jbmetimes for Vimen, incomparabiiis j as in the following examples. Spin. Mimbre. Aelivs T1M0XE.NVS MiLEX Cho Lat. Globus, Sc Glomus i Probofcis,

promufcif. (ire

E*f««,

Macedonia.

W.

;

gens.

Sorbum,

Maced

,

Lat.

Bcm-dizhck.

l^'ava, &C. W.Baud, AThumb; Arm. Mvd. W. V Bore, Gr vulg. it%Qiti']To Lat Fcbruarius, Huevror. Morrow Ir. iMara^;, Ger. Mor-

Lac.

&

A

&

F

^£ NE ME E

;

chang'd into

Tergus.

H.

This alteration and the Cortverfi Ti Fecit R NTE. Corn.Filgeth, Soot; VV. Hidhigl. as other fuch like, are fo na- Fabr. p 137. N.iz7. V^p 14.001.3 Ir. Fas, Growth Fad j Long. VV. tural, that they need not he wuch Aelio Sacerdoti Et \'lHyd , Uvgth: Pa hvd

&

its irelJ

.'

PIAE

exemplified.

W

Mab, Map.

A Son)

&

Corn.

Trophimae Concessit Do-

Arm. n'avitqvae

liver LIVER-

TABVSGI^Pos.Aeor. Ibp

VV. ^iodrib,

An Aunt

i

Fail.

-,

i^-r.

Corn. Mo- N. 160.

how long}

Liberal; \V. Hiel. Ir. Falaihim, / Cover Hilio. Ir Fios, Knowledge; \V. Hysbys, Ir.

W.

Knowing.

DM.

AvRELiAE Spenis T. L. Ir.Fein, Self; \V. Hvn (i/'c Tu fhein, Papae i ^mu», Pafco, ^c. Mesivs Her Meros Coivci Ca%y?/y; w. Dvhvn. Rissi.viE Et Quint. L. I.e. 7. V. Ir. Fiadh, Deer; VV. Hydh Iss. Anti^ Apftineo/i»r Abftineo LI Cox Q^VlXIT AnIS XIII. M V. Ir. t Fin, Old; VV. Hen. D. xxviir. H XI. lb p 189.417. and fuch like very common. Ir F6s, Yet; Corn. Huath. Deberi.n TQVE APSTINERE Se Pv- Lat. Foras Foris, Fr. Hors. DICITIAE, ADQVE AmORI CoIV- Lat. Fagus Fagafler Omni Crventissimo Genere drap,

Gr.

;

Bxiixi.

INCO NPARAVI-

A

1

—

INCOMFARAVILI

Negotiatiokis. Reines. ^.

475:

N

II.

— QvoD

ScRiBTvRA Infra

U P486 — Patriae

S. Iss

Habet

SCRIBTA.

N.16. Benf.ficio

ao APSENTIS

Et

Ivdi-

CaesarisAv-

CVSTI. Fair. 169. JUn

i.

— Parentibvs APSTrLIT Atra Dies

Et Acervo Fvnere Mersit. li

190.

CL Verrio CLF.

N. 441.

Pal.

Flacco Seviro Avcvstali

Cvratori Mvneris PVBLICI

Decreto Statvam Et Fas Ordo Decvrionvm Et Avgvsta-

LUM Et PLEPS

& [

C

]

Fr. Haitre.

GALi Anniae Alkxandriae F. Lac Falco, S^n.Halcon. CoiVGi ReliBiosissime Lvcivs, Lac Ferrum, Span, tlierro. Steivs Ae.milivs V. C. lb p.aj 3. Lac. Furnu, Span. Homo. N. 50. Lac. Fagus, Span. Haia. Merenti Qvae Vixsit Lac. Fame, Span Hambre. Annis xviiii.DiEs. xxxxi. Faecit. Lac. Farina, Sp.in. Harina. <^c. 169 N. 123. Lac. Fatum, Span. Hado. AvRELivs Vittalio Hanc Me- Lac Foenum, Span. Heno^ Lat. MORiAM CvM Solar 10 Et Formolus, Span Hermofo. And CVL O A Solo Fecit. lb. p. ici. fo in mofl Spinilh words deriv'd N. 131. from the Lacui.

VENE

cWI-

B

is

fometimes chang'd into Vorwel

V

F

changed into P.

A

as

W. Feneftr , Wmdaw ; Corn. Abfcro , Aufero Ouviolavit Prencll. /J^Obviolabic SiQviOvvioK16f, Lame; \ Lac. Kloppus. LAViT, Ad Iferos Non Reci- \V. Kyt, Block; Ir. Keap. piATVR,&c. /?«». Sync. Iss Claff Gr. n,ffv'(^, Lac. Purpura.

Lac.

:

—

j

W

A

XVII. N. i<58 \'niversa s.p.p.p.d.p. Gr <i>nZ«{, Lac Pubes. ll> 486. i(Ji. Overcit Ouvius/iw Obvertit Gr. *fa.i,v, Lac. Pellis. Obvius. Dau/q. ex i\ lario Vidto- Gr <I>»i>i«4i>, Lat. Funiceum. B chang'd into V ConfonanC rino Grammadco. Lat. Habcna. Germ. Finck A Chaff, [Engl. The change ofB into V Confonant, Auen. Finch} Arm. Pintik. alfo no left eafy. The Greeks and The Alteration of the Initial in

&

&

W.

is

B

F

_^_^

F

chang'd

'

;

;

TIT.

22 D

s.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

ObsXIX. Change Of The Labial Letters

Change Of

XIX.

Labial Letters

The

p.

(orPh) V- M.

p. B. F.

B. F.

(or ph.

)

V.

F

An Oven

A

;

Z. Sorn.

Flail Ir. Suyft. W.Fvft, Windo-w; Ir. W.Feneftr, nillr.

i

A A Bridle

^\^ Fruyii, VV. Frouylh,

W.

L. Falcc

A Whip

A Staff

Fon,

Ir. Sroal.

;

ir

i

Son,<iP»/i?.

Bclg Zeckel

,

,

A

Engl.

other

Examples in Menagius

are

EsTo Collegio Ivmentariorvm Lat. Solvo, Ital. Scio/go. Qvi Est In Cisiaris Tibvrtinis Lat. Volvo, Ital Folgo. Lat. Calvus, Span, cialgo; wheuce HERcvLisdf''^. lb. 91. N. 179. — Itaqve Si Post Obitv.m No- Murcielago, Bat. ERE STRVM VOLVERIT V Coxf. chang'd into H. HaC DoNARE VoLVERlT InFERET Arce Pontificvm SS. Centvmi- Vagus, Fr. Hagard Id. Lat. Veredus, Fr. Hedard. An old lia nvvimvm.

A

BEND

Srlan.

Ir.

i

Sei-

The

Ph. J V. M.

(or

p. b. F.

BOLFERIT, Damnatvs

enare

»»•

Ir.

ckangdinto S

Furn,

Obs. XIX. Change Of The Initial Letters

M.

mine PoSTERORVMQyE EoRVM AlI-

W.

,.;

,,

French word which fig7iified a H.M. H.N.S. p. 92. N. 190. Horfe. Id. j^elio Cogitato Veterano AvGG. N.N. Qvi Vix Ann. xxxx. V Conf. chajig'd into M. W. Furn, An Oven Corn. Forn Mensib. X. DiEB. viiii. Et MIAi^msxviii&c. p. Fork i Com. Vorh. If we allow of the above mentio7id \\'.¥orx< Abbot Pezron's Pofition; we have So FYtt,vvft,(^c ir- N. 7(j. River Avon. Si Qvis AvtemLocvm Istvm \71fi7ute Examples of this ; fuch as t Engl.' Afene, The BIOLAFERIT, Partem Ab- ( to ijiftance in a few ) Krav fEngl. Andefcr, Andover. Devonjhirc, .272. Gar lick ; Gr. Kjoftw; W.Kuruv, EAT CvM IVDA g^f p. I ID, t Engl. Defna-Scire, dum Coiintrey. Ak i Gr. vulg. Ki^fA, Corn. In freta dum fluvii current, Defenifc, one of that Evejham. montibus nmbrse fKalav, Gr. KiA««.«i Lat Culf Engl. EfcilLim, Luftrabunt conbexai polus dum mus j W. Tav, Taui, Toui, Teivi, fEngl. G'i.'iaMoid, Gavelford. Reciiher. Dyvi, ^c. Names of Rivers , Gr. fidcra pafcent t Engl. RacuU-caafter, The Swevians, or Semper amor decufque tuum Uom/ASi; W.Avon, River, Lat. t Engl. Swefas , in (?/"Schwabenland Amnisi W. Fyrv, Lat Forma &i manebuntlaudelque Inhabitants O dulcis conjux teneris erepta F.rmus And the fa7ne is likewife obGermany. So Aefcn, Evening fervable in reffeB of the Teutonic Harfeft, Harvefli GMc.Glove, Tub annis Extinxifti hic meque fimul ma- whom he alfo contends to have bor&:c. But perhaps the Letter F conas pro7ioimc'd V row'd 7i!uch from the old Celtx; tremque patremquc. Tvas formerly Flavius Paregorius inimitabili W. D6v,Germ. Zahm,'Qe\g.Tam; Jon a7it t ho fame of the Common Sickle,

F changditito V

Confimat.

;

LITABIT —

A

&

W

N

.

.

&W

i

A

i

[W

p. 191. N.^+S'. }Lng\.Tamei ir.Savra Hav] People ofthe JVeJlern Counties pro- conjugi fecit. Cogvgi Belg. Somer , Germ. Nevia Engl. SumTiou7icing yet ! bur , vor , Five , the that 126. imply N. to men DvLcissiMo o'c. p. 269. Ir Krav, fEngl. veiv, &c. Seem 16. Reines. p. 5 1(). Hromfa, Sc Mod. Ramfons : and old pronunciation ( at leajl that V. CrispoCondam he7ice perhaps the old Britijl) Savr amongthe Weft-Saxons ) has been

SEBERA N

& BALERIO

MiLiTi Fecit

alter'd.

Gr.

Reines.

Vates.

<l>iT>i;,L3t.

Gr. <l>i/TO«. Gr. S^J-w. Lat.

Vene Merenti.

p 542. N.

&

W.

.

& Havr, ren

7+.

)

&

whence Sabrina Hav( were chang'd t7ito Humber

Summer-&/

Lat. Vejica.

V

I'efpa.

&

ConJ. cha7tg'd into F.

&Dyved

;

as

'tis

certain

& &

Tavuys

were, into Thamefis

Dimetae. Gr.*«3A«?, Lat.^/w This is alfofo Obvious, as to need W. Trev , Houfe or Home; Ir. In the Irilll Language, -when in the^ ?iot 7nuch exemplifying. Letter the F -words, Dream, a Tribe or Fa7nily. primary life of Lat Vices, Fr.Fois; Clavis, c/i?fi Lat. Varicare , Fr. Marcher Meis the Initial ; it's frequently changd Navis, Nefi Bovis, Bteuf.Scc. nag. Tho' I had rather with Triinto V and jbmetimes omitted: As bouet (*) derive this from the Fad, Lovgi A vad o hoin, Long Conf. chang'd into G. old Celtique ( and our Britijh ) Ro ad, Ferv long, &c. but in fince The Examples produced by MeMiT>:,whe7jce the Irifl.i Marchuia the WclOi, Cornifli and Armoric, nagius in his Principes de T art des it never alters. [ S. W. MarAJgay ] To ride and Etymologies, of the Initial V. in as for Varus (whence varicare j by the French cha?ig'd into B. words chang'd L atin Confonant the fame with our V it Jeems but into G. as Vafco, Gafion i Vailare, Weljh Guyr, Crooked. Vid. p. 9. The changing ofV Confonant into Gdter Vagina, Game; Vifcus i col 3. B as -well as the contrary ; is fo eafy Gui; Vefpa, Guepej^Vadum, Gue, Span. Mimbre;

A

;

.

V

;

:

an Alteration, that

Lat.

I jhall only ex-

Vimen,

&c.

&

&c, I have already plac'deljewhere, Lat.Divulgo Dimulgo. Cic. viz amo7igE the Palatal Letters pre- Lat. Provulgo dc Pro7mtlgo. mis'd, p. 9.OBS. Vlll. ForwefiTid Lat. Avita Amita. the Romans feem to have iis'd thefe that in fuch words the V confonant Letters indifferently. vowel, and is only chang'd to an C07if. changd into P. O.MNiBvs Svis Hic Se is a common Addition, the Initial Lat. Vefpertilio, Ital. PipiflreUo; 92Bene Fecit. Fabr. p. 21. Opilio quafi ovilio. VofT IT amonjl the Italians , Spaniards De Nil In Nil Qvi Britans ; unlejs wejkould IT AN. 11. m. French atid BoNi Nil Juppoje with the Learned Father V Co7if. changd into Vovel. p. II. Di. XXI. OR. III. lb. N. 9+. Pezron, that the Greeks and RoRiver ; Corn, Auan. Avon, W. 61. N.^fJo. mans omitted it in the words they Arm. Aun. BALERiysD.\^^AsEr Ostilia borrow'd from the Celtie for he Hare; Corn. Skyvarnog, Et SvSibi Hermione Fecervnt derives ( jimongll fever al other Ex-

emplify in fame Ancient bijcriptions; and the like occurr fo frequently that

&

U

BIVO

V

G

N

&

BID

BIX

U

&

A

W

:

^c — BETO HvNC MoNv-

A

Skvuarnak.

Venus from our Guen or MENTVM NeQVK VeNDERE NeQ^'E Guener.) Ce nom Jaies he a die \V.6\zn,Fear; Corn. Oun. .T^vod,ATongue; Arm.Teout. IDonare. lb. N. 3^^. forme fur le Celtique Vener ou W. Pryv, Worm; Arm. PreU Vlpivs Aepictetvs Avg. Lib. proprement veut qui Guener; ce Preu Skier, a Glow-worm. IsEl^IBrS belblanche perfonne una dire Conivgi W. Skyvarn, An Ear; Arm. SkflSibi Et VlpiaE Sabinae * le, ^f. 118. is,

amples

j

W

;

A

1

CONPARABIT

:

&

I

ISvaec^c.

F- S--

N.

PirpinivsAlphvs I

arn.

Sibi

BIF;'^

Fecit. p.8?.N. i^z. _QvoD SiQvi Vltimvs Ex No-

la Langus, 8c de la NaTjb. de mois Latins pris

• Aritiquite de tion des celtes.

de

la

Langue des Celiei ou Gautois.

WGuevys, •

A Lip;

Traa. de Rep.

&

Arm. Gieys.

Lingua Francica.

W.

Barv,

;

TIT.

I.

Change Of The Palatal Letters K

Obs. XX.

The Labial Letters (or Ph.)

p. B. F.

V.

[tf/.C.

M.

orQ]G.;i;. [orCh]!!

^ Beard;

W.Barv, W.Kcvcn,

Arm. Barou. Lac. Amita, Engl Aunt. B,uki Arm. Kcin Lat Mappa, Fr. Nappe;

A

2J

Ons.XX.

Change Of The Palatal Letters K

KC.orQ.]G.;(;.[orCh.]H.

m

k

& Matta

Natte

Kciin.

al

,

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

Chance Of

Obs. XIX.

:

the Arnioric aiid Cornidi >. in the Irilh. as Lac. Gal-

and in

VV. Lvn61rhai J GMydhekg, Arm. Galek; Gallia y.. Lat.Saxonicus, VV Saefneg, Cor licus.

W. Ivank, roM«^ Arm. Icuank. W. Tavleii, ATable., Arm.Taul.

Lac. Mel'pilus, Lat. Limpidus,

Lac. Abtcro , Seems to have been fronounad Avi'ero, and thence Autbro i J'o AuFugio,/roOT Avtu•^io or Abfugio, &c.

ZoHznak, Ir Sa(^\iia^, ^c. , Solcnuis Dumtaxat, Duntaxat Lat. Caput, Fr. chef. Quom jam, ^Uioniam; Smciput, 1 -at Caro, Fr. chair. Semicaput., &c. V'od. LatCanis, Fr. Chien. Iss. Antiq. ] C- lulius lafon Lac. Carus, Fr cher. Cocceia Tryphaena fecerunt fibt <^ L. Unurquifquc, (by Tranff>oftion) Libertis Libert abujque J'uorum dumt Chalcun, 7iow chacun. taxat qui ex famtlia eorum futjfent. Lac^Cacena, Fi chame. Fabr p. 1^4.. N. 109. L. Calor, ¥t. Chaleur, Sic. Vicifli prijcos lonceva etate parentes Ch was introduc'dmto the Hnolifli Annis parve quidem fed gravitate Tongue by the Normans, as w^may Jenex: conclude from the following words Nou luxus tibi cura fuit non gratia and hundreds ynore in the old Saxon Ponpac,&c. lb. p. 19%. A. Manufcripts

;

V Confinant is ne^jer the Initial Letter of any word of the VVcllll, Corniili or Armorique in its Primary i<fe If^eu therefore you read :

ViT.\,forBreadi Vaur Great,vyxm, Small; Vyu, Living , S^c. you are al/vays to wjidtrftatid the Initials of iifi, to be

fuch words in their primary

M

and that the V Con govern d of one of them: So the Primary words of theje, are Bara, Maur, ByA^an, Byu. The Irilli Grammarians, have herein, iis'd

R

either

finant

or

is

\

Lat.

Ncjpolo.

Ital.

h

Span Lindo.

Amnus, Annus

;

Solcmnis

;

;

^

DONINO

Ceaftcr, chefler;

NoSTRO Maxentio

,

better method, by retaining allway

Pio Felici Invicto

Mutes, and diflinguijhing them, when the Sound ts alter'd by fuch a point above them as is us'd above [i] but there being no Iridi Types , where this Book is Prifited, their Initial

A

AvGVSTO

Vll. lb. 412. N. 3^,Fedimus conditor Sacran Veneris that point is here allwaysfupplydby Cntdies cum porticum <^ Cocmatorian h after the Letter, which has been um cojlitui itenque do7tavi. p. 4.97. alj'o

method

the

veral

m

Iriih Books;

the publijlymg fe-

O MoUoy

ed as the befl, by latefi Grammarian.

M chang'd W.

*

(

their

4.

M chang'd

W. ymmennydh.

iiito

P.

The Brain; Cor.

Gr. FoUuo. Gr. MjAk^A;, Lat. Plumbum.

into B.

,

Mynaued, An

Corn. BelinCorn. Bed. , Com Benk. Awl; Corn. ;

M chang'd

to

V Confinant.

A

;

;

the fame as to Pro?iu>iciation ) by Bh in the Irijh. See Example in or

Mh

Fr. Marbre.

L. Cammarus,ItaI. Gambaro Men. Lat. Murmur, Ital. Borhoglio Id

Germ. Milch [ Milk ] Belg.iV/e/fyt, B/zV/f-. Bohem. Mlico, Limb or Member Gr. M«A«« ,

A

whence our

W

Kvmmal, a Joynt

q. d. Kyd-OTfl/

Gr.

Ir

j

,3

:

M ckangd W. W. W.

into F.

Medry, To be able Mofj The Sea; Ir.

;

Ir.

Fcidir.

Fairj;e.

q.

Karagoes, Bandy-legd ; Span

Cancaiofo. q.

Gr.

XX.

,

Ir.

Ir.

gadh. \V. Kodac, Husks Ir.

AJi/'f^4;

\ji.x..

Formica.

M charted

into

N.

as

;

of Peas, &c.

Fcichlcog.

W.Kael, To Get;

Ir. Faail.

Lac. Bucca, leal. Buffa; whence the

word Buffoon. Menag. Mucus, leal. Muffa. Idem.

Lat.

Gr. Gr. Gr.

Kxxio,. Lac. Fleo. K{i/'«,

Lat. Frigus

KeJfitci,

VolT Id.

;

Farma.

Lat.

K. C. or Q_^chang'd into G. Wedge , Ir. Gin,

A

N. W. Kyn

VV. Gairig,

W.Kymmu;j,

;

Corn

Change Of The Palatal W. Kil. A Jaw; Letters K. {al.C.orQ.1 G \W.K[o,ALock; lorCh.] H.

Ir.

;

Ir.

Gedn.

GiaJ.

Ir.Glais.

A A

Lobjier; Scot.

Gimma;<;, Ir. Glioma^;. K. C. (?r Q^ chang'd into B. VV. Kravank, Claw; Ir. Griv. VV. Kogurn, Griv partain, a Crabs claw. fort of Sea Snail; Arm. Bigurun. VV. Koilio, To Believe; Germ. Lat. Ledus, Ir Leabba. Gioubcn. Lac. Cut 5 VV. I buy ? q. Lac. Crypca, Fr. Grote. Lac. Quxfitus, Span. Bufiar. Lac. Hemicranium , Fr. Migraiiu. Lat. Quotidie, Span. Cadadia. VV- Lac. Cibarium, Fr. Gibier. Bob dydh Lac. Acer, leal Agro. Gr. '£«« [ W. Akku ] Lat. Ui. Lac. Maccr, Ital. Magro. Dor. T«r«i pro TnxM Tabes. Lat Alacer, Ital. Alegro. Lat. Facio, Faber. Voll Lac. CucuUa, Span. CoguUa. Succifana Tribus al. Subufana. Feft. Lat. Mucro , mucronare j Span.

A

«ftfi^A«, &c. Voir

Dama.

A Giant Fovra. Q. W.Kaib, A Mattock; Fcak, A Spade. W.Kylgod, A Shadow; fFofW. Kaur

S.

X.

Bal.

Faba.J£.o\ts mutabant ita^i^fi' dicebant /it^ko.;

Kii«<fi(S^,

fiin

V. Confon.

OBSERVAT.

Dana.

Ir.

Kiftft^t [ Sic. iUftf.(0ii ]

Into F.

A

Marmor,

Ir.

;

;

Lat.

D.

Into

A Song; Ir.Dan. W.Keluydh, A Lye fDalv.

whence the Lat. Ofia.

W

beau.

A

Germ. Kuhn, Bold;

fEngl. Hremn, Raven; Hremnes fot. The Herb Crow-foot. Muydion, The pith or foft of Gr. M.»xxU, Lac- Vellus any thing Arm. Biicden. Manner or Beha- Lac. Flamma, Flavus. V'ofif. W. Moes, Lat Pluma, P«/x7»«x. Idem. veour Ir. Bcs. W. Menniu, Womaft Ir. Bean. The Greek, Lat. and Teut M. in the Midjl and Termination ofwords, Place ; Ir. Bail. V^. ^\iQn, is commonly exprefs'd by V W. Moel, Engl. Bald Conf. in the Britijh and (which is one and Fr.Flambe, FlamLat. Flamma,

A

A

Birch: Birc hok, BirchWood. Boc, Beech ; Ceoca, Cheek , Cild, a child, Bracce, Breeches, &c. Gr."AyKi>,®', Lat. Anchora. Bfvxeif, B^i^®', Brtichus. Birc,

Gr.

Bcneuas.

A

Circ&Ciric, Church. Cyppanhamc, Chippenham m Wilts. \^\.c,Vy)ch; Sindmc, Sandwich

W.Kan,

Pidnian.

)

MoAuiai, Lat.

A Mill; W Myskyl, Mufiels \V. Maink, A Bench \V. Melin

N.

and is recommend-

Acemannes Cea-

fter, Ciffa-Ceafter , AndredesCeafter, Colncealler, ire Cilteni, The Chiltem hills

;

Into X or Ch. fEngl. Aemec [al. Emmet] An Mogronar mogronar vidcs, To Ant. Lac. Lorica, Ir. Laivrea;^Prune Vines. * Fnnc. O lAtlUj, Grammacici LicineLac. Adjcftives that Terminal in Lac. Mucor, Span. Mugre. Hibernici. Rom. 1S77. p. 119. CUS, end aUways in g in Welfll, L.Quadrageffima, VV Grauisiiflir. :

Fz

Gr.

;;

Change Of The

Obs. XX.

Palatal Letters K

C. or Q,]G. X. [_orCh.'\H.

[al.

Gr. K«>.A©-, n Lat. i

Gr

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

24

-

;

Gr. AKoJyxs, Ky.^y*n^, Agrigeiitiim.

The Ancient Romans m'd riot the till added ( a! PluG ) by Spurius Car-

at all Letter tarch informs us ;

Obs. XX.

[<!/.C.orQ.]G.

&

[orCh]H.

a:

Lat. Cannabis, Ir.

Germ. Haufs

Gala,

K. C. or Q.]G. X. [or Ch.-]H.

ial.

Kanapj who have

Belg. Kenip, Fr. chanvre. Germ 'haiif. Engl. 'Hemp. Lat. Qui, fEngl. Hwa i Cujus, Hua;s ; Qud 8c q[lod,Hwat. Ital.

Change Of The

Palatal Letters

Palatal LettersK.

Gr.

Galluf.

Lat. Cygn"' Gr."Ayr.vx(^, Lat. jingulus. Kt/xyos,

Chance Of The

Obs. XX.

Engl

.

Houfe.

written Jivcefljould not retain them *. I

L yx

NIT.

Kaban, Tour Tent,

yx Kift, your chefl or Coffer ; yx is.ledhiv,/o»r Sword; yx is.6b, your cloak; yzii.cphy[,your Horfi ; yx, t\.ux,your Boat. Init. IL I gaban, His Tint; I gill , his Coffer i gledhiv , his Sword; 1 gob, his cloak ; 1 j^ephyl, his Horje ; I guA;, His Boat

K. C. or Q^hang'd into P. Jf1}e7i C. K. or Q^is the Initial Letter in the Ionic, j^lolic, Latin, non T. Et cum or I rilli; Thoje wordsfrevaluerunt , in G ac D. MoUiuntur. Teutonic Init. III. i xaban, her Cottage; quently begin with P. /« other Dia Quir.t L I.e. XI. leBs the Greek, and in the V\ elfh, I XI&:, her chejl [ Aiojel, [Jrom of Pravaluit pojl^uam gamma vice end the Kegel and Armorique^ Cornilh ] her Dijlaff; I xiiX , her fiijiBaprimC. Aulon. fame Alteration, happC7is fometimes Boat. K. C. or Q^chang'd into H. Init. IV. ynghaban, My Tent Germ.Kopf.^^HM^; telg.Hooft in the Middle and Final Syllables; Germ. Bitterkeic, Bittertiefs iBelg- wherof fie fame Examples in the Tnghift, my Coffer; Yughledhiv, my Sword; Ynghob, my cloak; Yngthe Letter P. p.ao.col. I Changes of Bitterheydt SxuAoJa/, Lat. Spoiio. Voir hu;e, my Boat, It's very objirvable, that a great Gr. Q^ ts fo much the fame, with K many rpords -whereof K. C. or Q^ Gr. Sfiii ti-cptjusi, Vejj/a. idem. or Arlixui. 'Omicf Hefych. G. that it ficms to have been abOKsiM, IS the Initial Letter in the Greek, folutely Stone Cantabr fuperjluom a7>io7igsi the RoKarreg, S. Latin, Italian, Spanifli , French, mans; and that //fr? Greeks defervpeira, hi. Pierre. Britifli, Irifli, Sclavonian and jome ;

villus.

C

ac fimpliciter

;

,•

,

W

begin

other Languages the the

Teutonic

H

mtb

tohich -when

;

Termination peculiar

{

in

bcjidcs

to

each

Language ) fever al other Alterations {

/J5

Tranf^ofition, Qmiffton, Addition

or change of other Letters ) coyicurr Jo dijguijis words, that they appear utterly irreconcilable,

till

There are

feveral Languages. nite

Examples of

traced thro'

this

;

infi-

but Ijhall

A

Mattock; Belg Houwhere the latter Syllable is only a Termination, of Diminu-

W.Kaib, wcl

j

&C. And the alterations have happen' d thus, Kaib, Koub, Kouv, Dim. Kouvell, xouvell,

tives,

Houwel

And from

Aiouvel

Lat. Qi.ii:quid

or

Chouvel, came the Engltjh Sho-

& Hulver,

B(;ig. Hulfl.

Ofce, Fitpit

;

Feft

W.

:

5

./^.Box-^rff; Ital.

Arm.Bys, any more lians

Boffb

Lat Racemus, Fr. Raifn ; Placere, i7!g a 7wa> Letter inftead of'G injiich Plaifir ; Licere, Loijen Sara- words as Guaftare, Guado, Guerra, <irc A7!d that 'twas redunda?it cenus, Sarafin. a7no7igSi the Ronians is co7ifirm'dby Gr. '•S.y.-niJt^i. Lat. JEflimo. their doubting when to make ufe of it, Lat. Lacio, Laffus. Vofl'. Q_ Gr 6t Lat. Cycnus, [ Cygnus] Sp. as we find by the foUowi7ig InfcriGerm. Schwan ; Belg. ptions. Cifne ; Suetrius

Swaen.

A

Germ. Schlofs, ; Includo, Belg. Infchluiten;

Lat. Clufus

Lock

:

;

Men.

Gr. Asi/i(j:, Lat. Lutiwi herba. VofT ex Salmas. excrcit. Plin. Kun, Lat. ^vs;. Dor. Tin;; }(jii-\i>.yi,Tii-^it>,v, Canis ; Germ. Hu^id, and f Engl. Auriuvt Sordes. KaS^. TAj.t^jt. Hunde. Gr Lat Cyclus, fEngl H-we- BoTOi),:yt, Beflia. Canin.

&

Mod.

Lat. Ccrvus,

W.Karu ; Engl Hart.

Lat Cor, Corde Heart.

Lat. Ledtio,

Vl'l^eel.

;

W

Ir.

Kioiolic, E.

K.

W.

Lhith.

cha7ig'd into

V

Confo7iajit.

&

Vapos. KaTTjf, Lat. Vapor Gr. KtK?, Lat. Vanus. Gr. V^wxz^K, Lat. Venari. Gr. Ki^i, Lat. Verro. Words that Primarily begin with :n the Britifli, have four Initials, K.G ;t;. andn^. which laji as well

Gr.

Hermes

hie jitus

efi,

cui

tertia C07ijunx

Aram 7iiarito

Eynjchliejfen.

Lat. Qusero, Belg. Spueren; whence the Scotifll To Spire. K. or C. chang'd into T. or Th.

Engl. Hollow. Gr. KuOT, VV. [Plur.]

gol.

have 7namtam'd the C07itrary, neccfjity of it , tha7i the Ita<7;/f/ Spaniards have of invent

rians

(ire.

W.Bokys,

&

Gr. Ko<A®^. Germ. 6c Belg. Hoi

retaining 07tly its ufe

A

&

A

it,

Puy

W.Korn, Germ.En»l. dff. Horn. \V. Koluyn, ALapJog; Ir. Kulan, Lat. Fafcellus, Ital. Faflello. Lat Labrufca, Ital. Abrojlmo. Engl. Huelp. Ir. Krav[tCram]^7^;- Lat. Vacuus, Ital. Veto. F>. Vuide; W. whence our Englijh Void. Garlick \ Engl Hramia. L. Clauliporca, claufiporta whence Whore i Pol. Sclav. Kurba, th; French Clauporte. Men. Bohem.Kurwa, Hung. Kurva Swed. Hora Germ Hur, fEngl. Lat. Marculus, Martulus, Martellus. Anxnise, Lat. Lutetia. Voir& Gr. Hure, Dan. Hore, Belg. Hoere. ;

edly cajhir'd

as a7mmeral Note. In the ArnioQuicunque rique it's a Commo7i Letter, but was , ; 7iever receiv'd ( oi far as I could hipuy hynnag [Arm Pue ben nak ] Quatuor , pedv.ar, Quin- therto obfervefrom Old Ma7)ufcripts) into the VV'elfh and irifli ; Cu or Ku que Pymp, &c. rendering it ufelejs jior ca7t we diK. C. or (^chang'd into S. Cellar; Arm.ScUier, fcover tho fame Lcar7ied GrammaW.Kclh, .

Qiu

Germ.

vel.

VV. Kelyn, Engl. HoVy

;

i

\V Pa beth.

Lat.

Fr. Bouys.

inflawe only in thefe Few. W.Kydhio, Engl. To Hide. Koed, iVood i Belg. Hout.

W

A

De

conjlituit,

digno 7ncritoque

;

CUJUS

fajna multi cum laude

locuntur, ^llipd fucrit cultor domini

que

c^y

a7nator

— Non

rerum-

Frbr. Kjy. N.3C0. 7nihifufjictebat habuiJJ'e vi.

ta tccu7n per tempora 7nala aliam quidevi fiituram cuottidie obtahas bona Tu vera <i\xo\.i\<^\e. ffcElabas videre proxtma palnia, &c. 1 b z 71 :

—

.

N.

150.

Helpis Sinno Marito Bene Mer Enti F'ecit q VixiT Annos x'xiiii (^UfM CoivGE Sva Fecit

MG

III.

D.

p. 9(^.170.

N.

137.

M.

Fabivs. Caricvs

Fecit Fabio Zoti CO FiLio Bene Me Renti Bixit

Atnis

Q CIN^JfAE

Mensibvs CI'n

^

Centum, Kant; fEngl. De XVII lb. p. 410. 385. Hund. Mod. Hundred. Aclius Timoxenus 7rtiks 'Bale7io fEngl. Hofe. Lat Cavea, Crifj>o corrrmanipulario cotidam miliK Lat. Circus, f Engl. Hring. ti fecit vene merenti^ Reinef p. Lat.Corvus, f Engl. Hricm.Gcrm. 5+3.LXXIV. as the other Letters that requir'd it, Raaii Mod. Engl Raven. Anaflafio bene merevti in pace Lat Caput, Germ. Kepfi Fr. chef were fo well diJH7iguiJhed by H. SaBelg. 'hoaft, f Engl, 'heafut, Ger. Icsbury with particular Characters,, * tUnnct Sat'ubitrii Gj2ma\zuciL Bricanthat ttfeems much Davies aTtd ethers nici Limi. 1}$%. 'haupt. Mod. Engl. 'Hsad. yi^\ Lat.

TIT.I.

C. or Q.IG. X. lorCh.']H.

[al.

&c,

lb.

arijiis

Pmlx.

\V .Qm\. A MaU Ir. Balla. W.Guaranc, AWarant, Ir. Ba.

W. Gr^g, Heath

Arm.

Brijk. Gr.'Ajyw, iiiColis, Asolibus' A{J«;. ex quo Arpos. Serv. ad vcrfum cccLXX'xvi Icptimi /Eueidos. i

&

Glas, [Gr.

Germ

C.arQ_]G.A:.

A

Germ. Trog,

[orChJH

Trough i

Bclg.

Lat.

Glaucus]

Blait.

fCek. Gueldre?.

Lat. Befgium.

G ckajt^d into C or K.

Q_

,

&

Dallog.

VVGloin, ACoal;

Ir.Dcaian. Periwinkle or SeaGuiA;iaJ, Snail; Ir. Dao;eog. W. Gclcyo, To shine; Ir. Dcaira

A

A

VV.Guahclh,

Bodkin, &cc.

ir.

Dealg.

r/v Mutes ofthefirjf Initial P.T. and K are us'd in Tcrmmatinns by the Britans o/"France

WGel, A W-

{a^d partly

W.Guncyd, To Doe; W.Guedi, After; Ir.

WGobaith,

Ho/f

Ir.

Ir.

,

Deana.

Deis.

^

S'us,

Ir.

C\i:\H. or Boil

Bram, &c.

^ P/w-rrM Gal.Narbon

Yeus,

Ilex..

G

W

lor

J5/tf/«

Gola:,

chang'd in S.

/./;i;^r;

.Solus.

|r

Engl.Gofpcl, Ir Soivjgel Lorn Gol, Kngl. Sail; Bclg Zcil^ W. Guyl, Holy., CJerm. Seclig,c^c Tho' in fevcral fuch Examples it [ccms not eajy to di/linguijh whether the be chang'd into 5. or the con-

G

trary.

The Britans of France , doe in imitation of their Couvtreymen, frequently change the ( either into Sh or /h. which yet are both m French and Armoric written Ch. \\ .G'i.xfx.yTheHams; Arm Sharrc. W.Gardas, Garter ; Arm, ShaJ

Dobh;>;as.

by the Cornilh ] but very fcldom by the VVellll, ivho havechojen the Ter-

W. Gulith, Dew; Ir. Dru^jd. W.Guydh, Trees; Ir. Feadha,

minating Jiich Tpordi by the MuteS of the Jecond [mthl B. D. and and Jometimes of the third, as being thefitter Letters -.fi that the Wellll

Gr. Gr. Gr.

G\

Cor Q.-\G.X.

[ol

Engl Blegene,

\

t Fngl. Bracgcn,

Goat; Fr. Chcvr. \W.Gi.yir, W. Gualht, Hi>r; Fr Chcuelurc V'ofl" \ Gr. l"«A-i«»ii, XxxZitn chang'd into D. Leech; Ir. Dyil.

G

ranta.

W.

[tf/.

J.

A

G

if

Cha nc e Op The Ob XX. Change Of The Palatal Letters K. Palatal Letters K

Obs. XX.

Troch.

899.4?8. (hang J into B.

;;

'

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

Change Op The Palatal Letters K.

Obs. XX.

yiro honeflo qui vixit

;

:

.

A

IVaods.

Dor.

r>i!pi;.

Ai«^o«.

ritcs.

Lat Gigas, -antis; Arm. Zheant. Gr. i^ol. Mu}<(^.^ Lat. Mrfer Lat.Algco, Alfiofus; Cold, Chill is very fe/dom chang'd into T. Gofgordh, Guard a Tribe or Family; f Ir. Talcor. CornKolgar, Lads, Xouth.

r»«f !{.. §c Aii(ptfe¥. rvifti-nif

He

Atifxinif.

example) Skvvamog, Gr rpiixii, Lat. Dulcis. Hare ; Helig , a Willoyp-tree Gr. T^ii'/j, Lat. Rodo Kvphylog, a Wood-<ock,S>CC. are Lat. Ringo, Rideo. Vofl in the Comijh Skyvarnak, Hclak chang'd into F. Divers -words that begin with G U <j»</ Ky vclak Arm. Haiek, Kephe]ek,^c But this change ofQ into C in the Britifll, begi7t with F m the HxA. Tvf'^; [pro Tiv^f ] Turtur. Mi(}a>,a, Mufiela. Menag. is fi fmall an Alteration, that IJh all Irifli; -whereof fame hijlances are only exemplify ijifomefetc Incriptions given in the VII 1 Obferv and much Words Primarily beginning with more might be added, fuch as havethree Initials in the D. M. cUh, Mole; Ir. Fadh G. U. Ng. S. W.Guadh, M- Antonio Extricato Vlavia Hermione conjuci/«o B. M. Fabr. As Guas, Fadhv. Servant \K gu.is, W.Gulcdh, AVeafl; Ir. Fleadh. your Servant i Uas, his Serv ant (Jo. 55-j. Vicifli prifcos lonccva atate. &c. W. Guafjy, roPre/?,- Ir. Faifjea. yng ngQas, my Servant. Verminkle ; Ir. W.GuiAiiad, Guaith , Work yx guaith, your p. 191. A. Tpords (for

A

G

;

W

G

,

.

;

G

A

&

A

W

A

:

;

A

L. Namitivs. Felix

MoNiMETVM. Fecit Sibi.Et

W. Gummun,

ACTIA ChARAE. CONli^Cl. SVAE

ymnaA:

Et QvE

amna;^.

Libertis. Et. Libertabvs Svis Ibid, i

D

1

1,^50.

M

.

Gaianvs Trallidi

Fecit. cemitu trijli

^.iiz.7,6^.. lacrimis te

deflet in oras

Dtilci conjugio quaeritur te luce reli-

tiilum

G

lb

2,37.

chatig'd into

X,

A

^ag. or Ch

& GuIr.

Fe-

Ir.

Feith,

A

wich.

Work; yng ng-

Guilio, Watching

Gh.

into

Sijiew.

\r.¥c\iT, Grafs.

yn yx

;

guilio,

Map

as

Gurcc,

yr ghurec, the

A

Woman; Womans Son :

W. Guay, To IVeave; Ir. Fiia. VelhyGaftjP^rrfw; Mapyrghaft, W. Guyn, IVhite Ir. Finn. Mdb y bytten, &c. Ar^eth rhy arverol, ym mhlkh morwyr LhyW. Guydhbuylh, Apair of Tables, ;

Ir.

Fithzille.

da\l.

\V. G\i\n, Worthy ; Ir. Fiu. W.[N. Gueini,7b Serve; Ir.Fona. W. Gualht, r^f hair of the Head;

a;

[ er

Ch ] M

Ir.

W.

Felt.

A

Woman; flr.Frag. Guraig, W.Gryg, Heath; Ir.Fry^;. \V.Go);t, Lye [Lat. Lixivium] >

&

A

&

-.

t Engl. Bc^condan, B»yona.

G

very rarely chang'd

ir/to

1

&

A

my Work

uaith, his

;

A A

.

uaith,

& Guernen ] der-Tree; Fearn. W.Guyth & Guythen, A [

-,

W

I

;

W.Kciliog, Cock j Ir. Cailca/;. W.Brag, Malt; Ir Braix. Ir.Fual. W. Ta^y, To choak Ir. Ta;<;da. W.Guaith, ATurn; [Lat.Vicem] W. Kroj^i, To Hang ; Ir Kroxa. Ir. FeaA:t Faoi, Fr. Fois. \V.Mvj;y, To Smother; Ir. MuAia. Gr. r«>.?, Lat. J-'elis. W. [S.] Eaug, Salmon, Ir. f la^;. G chang'd into H. W. 1 ^ilidh. Together ; Ir.Da ;>:eile. Lat Germanus, Sp. Hetmano. \V Tuyfog, Commander or Ge- Gr.n"er,Lat.H/>r7»w. V. Seal. Call neral ifromTuyCotoleadi as the in Manil. Latin Dux /row Duco. Ir. TyiG chang'd into \ or Y icix. W. Guegil, Lat. Jugulum Q. W.Deg, r«»;Ir. Dei;K. arLat.Argentum, V^ Arrian Lhvg, riant. Moufi, whence Lhyt god and Lhvgoden [Mod. a t Engl. j;eol seohol, ckriftmas Shrerp or Field-Ahufi'] LuAJ. in Northern Engl. lule. Wal. Milji, Grey-komd; Jr. t Engl, jeong, Toung Geong wifMi1-p:u. man, a Maid, a Girl. Gcrm.Ewig, Terpetual; Belg.Eeu- fEngl. j;eorftendaegh , Xeflerday. .

Work;

Watchingyou yn i uilio, Watching An Al- him yn yng nguilio [ and yn yng nguilied ] Watching me. Vim; 'The Armoric Britans vary it alfo

W.Guiir, Hay;

Tralliano FiLio. Bene Merentibvs G^ui

Guyntimun

Sea Wrack ;

;

W. Guern Ir.

CONiyci Et

;

Fyxog.

B.

W. A:uiu, Ir.

As

Biheav; drin, Bihcavnach. W. lur^c, Roe- Buck Fearb6g.

A

X,

W. W.

Ir

;

;euiu

lei-

Earb

&

chang'd into K. [ C. or G. Bua:, He-Goat Corn. Bvk "!

a a Boat; Corn Kok. A^uvsijen A Bladder ,

Ymx,

VV. [N.]

,

Cor. G<zigan.

\V [ N.]

;ii;uare,

Play or Sport; Cor.

Guare.

\V

Kra^;, DwarfiJI}

KraA:-huyadcn

A

,

Arm. Krak Arm. Krakuat, ;

.

teal.

W.iiax,AHook;

Ir.Bakan.

W.Sy;i,Dr;r;tIr.Sik. W.SiJ^, Plow-Share; Ir. Soc W. Sctx, Love; Ir. Scark W. Myny^;, Frequent Ir. Minik

A

-j-

;

W.Kilx,L>me;

W. W.

Mar;e,

Ir.Kailk, Chali. .Mark. Horfe ;

A h A Hog;

Mo;eyn,

Ir.

Muk,

&

Dim. Mukin.

W.

Lhe>:,

.

Change Of The Palatal Letters K.

Obs.XX. [«/.

C. or Q.] G.

W. Vatx, A W.

N.

KCiil

Ch a nge Of The Palatal Letters K

Obs. XXI.

«rQ.]G.;K. [erCh.]H.

Th. Dh.

Obs. XX.

Ch.] H.

broad flat Stone

;

[<j/.C.

A

Ir.KiziX.

W.

A

Aiuaer,

ar; S.

Left-handed, &CC-

,

A;ueru

,

Bitter

-,

in all-words,

W.

Blaft-, Ir.

word in the Irifli, allways the Second offuch as F or S. I choofe rather to

Firft Initial ofa7iy

and

is

Sifter

Arm. xo-

;

Under.

fuppofe fiich words better preferv'd by the Northern Extraprovi7icial Bri-

,

;

Ir.

A

.

,

Gr. ;uai«3tAi;, Lat. Hmnilis. Gr. ;(;"'?• fLat. Hir. Beag. Gr. x^e,®'' Lat. Hara. \>^.Y.\oX^A Belli Ir. Klog. Germ.Frohch, chearfuU ; Belg- Gr. x^fvin> Lat. Hiems X chang'd into S, or Sh. Vrolikk. Ois: Lark; Belg.Lce- W. yu;j, Up, Above; Ir. Os Gctm.'LQrA, as Os cean , above ; Oisbreag werk. Ir.

&

A

De

the Latin j and in the Second, with the Greek '0^yA« . and our f

W.

Hivahand

fme

at the fame

that the

ftition

literaritm permuta-

W

tione.

Inibrip. Antiq.]

His Peer or Ej as, a havail. quaJ. So that we fee they agree ;;/ the Fir^ ( or Primary ) Initial:, with vail

later words are deriv'd from the Hyperbole ; Oifereideav , Super- former. So Sean, Old ; Do heanoili, Oiflgrivean , Superfcri- thy Old Age; Sarruyia , Injury, ; Opprejfion; Do harruidh fe, He ption, &c YAicl, High; Ir. uafal j Koble. Wro7igd or hijur'd ; Faga, to leave Beginning ; Ir. Tus Do hag fe, He left. Fait;i;ios, Fear, W. Dc;ttre,

Germ. Bauch, A Belly; B. Buick. Ger. Hoch, High ; Belg. Hooghe. Vid. yoj'.

T. D-

Z.

;

Hook; Ir. Bag. and ?,yxin. Little;

Ba;e

S.

Appetite; tans, and fo ret am' d in the Irifh, jiUant, Defire than by us notwithfta7idi72g that we Arm. ;t;oant. S. W. Huant. N. W. A;uare, To Play Arm, xo- agi-ce herein with the Greeks, and they with the Romans. Savail (for ari. S. W. Huare, &c. Example) which ftg7iifies in the Iri/h, Gr. x«"' Lat. Wo. Like, Equal, ^c. is fometimes haHumi Lat G r js xf^M

Gaoth,

N.W.;>;uerthin, To Laugh;

W.

Change Of ThE

Lingual Letters

begin with

N.W.

A

N. >V.;t:uth, m»d.

W.Ba;K,

Arm.

without exception.

xm\cn, Beetle; Ir.Kuil: N. dhuv ydyu ;*;uilen dhy.

W. AiUithig

Gaire.

&

W.

N.

Ir.

Cor. Huero. andfo

Leak.

N.

X. [or

;

.

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

2<$

;,

.

D. M- Magnia Karis iuis T. Q_Tilio Fi-

.

A

& Toia;t.

Tychc tecit iibi & Magoio Eutycho &

W.

guliano bene merentibus. Fabr. p.

Hazard; Gan

A;uant, Defire

;

Ir.

Saint, Cove-

haitAiios, Safely. Feal,

Ni

;

healfa le ort

will 7iot betray thee,

tuoufnej's.

W.

Treachery

A Tale

;

He

&c.

HI chang'd i}ito L. Engl. Hlynn, ^i.w«, ie. Lake parts infome of the North. Q^ Sosio. Leap; Hlaford , feadh. t Engl. Hlip, FU.IO. DVLCISSIMO Lord. V^ XMf:i\iy Bitter ; Ir. Searv. Hlidanford, Lidford. Jr.Seideadh. \^ .X^thzd, Blaft i Ac. PlISSIMO. iM Thti Hi of the O/^EngliflKiW W. A;uacr, Sifter ; Ir. Siur. Fanti. Rarissi The Armoric Britans Pronounce Germans, was probably the fa7ne IL VL Q^V. A. M. Mo. ch and g as (li fometimes , {as in with our VVelfh Lh or LI ] as their Fecervnt. b. m the folloiving Bxamples) in Imita- Hr. could be 710 other tha7t our Rh. SosiA. Proba. Et Such words as begin with in the tion of the French ; tho' this jeems EvsEBivs. Parentes Wclfli, Cornifli and Armoric, nebut a late Corruption. Ib.ayi. 37. Burden; Arm. Bas. ver cha7ige their Initial. Hillariae Glimitillae Flaminicae W.Bay;t;, Hook ; Arm Bis Bis Sex. Attius Myrojics \_ini"\ Aug. W. Ba;(i, Shepheards Crook; a Berzher , Co?i')ugi Kariflimae quae 'vixit Mecum ex firginitate annos xxyiv.Mes. W. Lhog, Hire; Arm. Lualh: Ling ual Mar a; luafli , a Hackney-Horfe II. D. XI. iir Sibi vivus fecit ^fub 1+.N.61.

D

.

M

.

;!;uedel

Ir.

;

Sceal Sax.

A

Spel.

S

W.

Heliodoro

KARISSIMOeUTE

The Sixth;

;KUc;eedh,

Ir.

Sei-

A

A

.

A A

|

H

A A

afciadedicavit.

378-N.?9-

X

W.

Lat. Flos. X^'i^e/i, Lat Flora.

jjAoos.

[

&

Change Of The Letters T. D. Th.Dh. S. Z.

.^ol.

;K<i'" 1

Acht, But

Lat. Aft. Kry^;, Curld, Lat Criftus. Span. BaAia, Loweft; Fr. Bas, Low Ir.

;

W.

W.

Shallo-m.

Ch

1 Lat. Fo-

&c Foveoy to Dig; Fovea, a Cave. Gr. ^t"^''' Lat. Fel. Gr. z'^'i' Lat. Fmis. "JO

T An aGr.

Gr.;e«eA4. Lat. SHex.

Chang a into r

[N.J xuexed. The Sixth; Cor.

x<»«-

OBSERVAT. XXL

Rein, bync Iss.p. Gr."S.yx'i' Lu. Enfts. Gr. x"^"!^' Lat. Seta.

Hiieftas.

Gr. Gr. Gr.

:

,

Lat.

Gr.

Ti{)jT{o>,

Gr

AsjTif,

Lat. Terebra.

Mo\.

Bffsrijj

T

aiid

Muftum.

Th. Seal,

Gr. Te^trlis, Lat. Tribus. in Lat Sputarej Span. Efciibir.

Varr. p. ro\.Gr. "Oix"^, Lat Hortus ? Voff. Gr. N«;ii«, Lat. Nato. Id.

Gr. Tarent. "Oe,'tx^i for ip'^^f ; '(«''>'Gy.x^'"i' Futuf, TphenceFuulis. Sicul. 'wiA^Jh Lat. Ct/?/:'« , "Wf;t^. X chang'd into H. ^.^», Carthago. The Armoric Britans have been Conf. Ch cAdiz/gV /»/» more retentive of their Ancient ProBrcvis. nunciation than thofe of Cornwal Gr. Bgjsjiu;, Lat. M«A«j^, Lat. Malva. a7!d South-Wales for the Modern Gr.

U

T a7id Th chang'd into C or K. W. Taran, Thu7ider Arm.Kyryn. -,

\V. Tail, Muck. Dung; lair.

ufe

no

X

or

The Irilli appears the Southern

Ch at all,

tho'

they did, not long fince, as by their mss The defeEl they C07ifiant-

Language

agrees -with

Britidi a72d Cornifli,

Ir.

Kcal-

q.

Lat. Pofliea,

Ital. Pofcia.

Men.

Lat. Bcftia, Ital. Biftia. Id. Lat. Anguftia,

Lat.

Turma,

Angofcia.

Ital.

Ital.

Ciurma.

:

Cornidi

Lat. Ver-

ber.

chang'd into

whence Gr. MiX"

chang'd into B. b«t1«, Lzt.Balbus ? Vofs.

Gr.AiTgjSj Lat.Z./^rrf.

Lat. Infantulus,

Ital.

FanciuUo.

Lat Mutilate, Span. Mochar. Lat. Pulte, Span Pucka. Lat. Mukus, Span. Mucho.

in that they begin no word Primarily begin -with it an in atty part of a with Xy and thofe which Lat. Foetus, Foetundus ; Fcecundus. word; but in South-Wales tts only in the Armoric and Northern Lat. Iratus , Iratundus ; Iracundus. Weldi, 7iever vary their Initial. chang'd to h, w the Beginning. nin., -musn Gr.'on, Dor. "oi(5'. H. W.SyA;ed, Thirji; Corn. Zehaz. IcWiTl, U?i\6t(0L ; Tin, TVtfjfi. given Market; Corn. VofTms a7id Menage have W.Marxnad, D. C^ Frincipes Fjcamples of the Changes of this ISS^Antiq. ] Marhaz. N Valentinian Vaiens &z GratiUtter into F. G. P- S. Th. a7id W. Bazac, Hooks; Corn. Bahau. anus Semp. Augg- Filumenum in Daughter; Corn. V Confo7ia7it to which might be W.Merz,

H

ly fupply Tvith

;

A

&

—D D

.

A

:

here added that the hiitijlH in the Britifh, is ge7ieraUy F or S in the

Merh.

W. Keirz, Oats Corn Kcrh. N.W. i-;KUeg,5jpfe^i Corn. Hueg. ;

1

Irifli

:

but .becaufe

H

«

«ever the

omni aclhetico certamine ab

ori-

ad mcidente ufque vidorem pammacho luBapamrati ceftibufq. ente

?

,;

TIT.I. COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY. 27 ObsXXI. Change Of The O B XXI C H A N G O T H Obs. XXI. Chance Of Thb Lingual Letters T. D. Lingual Letters T. D. Lingual Letters T D Th. Dh. S Z. s.

!•

i:

[;

Th. Dh.S.Z.

U

Th. Dh.

W.

Torri, To Cut ; Ir. Gcarra. '^. 'I ld,A Father Ir.Giid i in aclecarum curi.i aetemitatis f Scanghaid Gaid nior, a Grandgloria digjium ejfc jiidicarunt quod Loc/ttiouc Statuae

Fycme

cfl,

A<rTv/i.

&

omnes xtflici gratariter acceperaut Snt fartter fimulq PR. ivgetiti faborefrofecHtus eft. Fabr. p loo

father.

W.

Trom

Trum,Ir.

Heavy-., Lac.

Z.

S.

JEol

E({7»{;

unde L. VerSilm.Plin. Exerc p. 87.

ber.

:

Au^i.i;, Boeot. BaipUif. Gr. Ai;, Lat. Bis. Gr. AiTKj, Lat Bipes.

Gravis, which according to our Old Cr.^K yEol. £.;,, undo. SibUla. Orthography would be written Salm. Gramis. The Greek '^•'(ui alfo r Lac. Duonus, Bonus. whether foever of them is the heft Into C. prejerv'd, agrees herewith Gr. if-ifht, Lac. Cecrops. Gr. 'isi^i. 'i<r}iui. \'oll! &: Men. ex Gr. 'iJW.;,, Lac Jucundus. ,

— Eadem

MarcelUna

Collegia^

dcdit donavitque HS L. M.

N

SS. ho-

n". lx. fuh hac condicio-

—

mimbtu one ut ne f lures adlegantur quam Uclych. SS.&c. lb. p 71^.445. Port /cum cum appar^forioi^ <^0"'- Gr. 'I't":;. Lac. Ruga. fecerunt {ecuu <^ Lat. \'crto Jiia Vcrgo. fit urn ajblo changd into P. Id lua. die 71ain perpetuum \T t/umerut

&

T

.

Lac. Foedalcs olim qui poftea Foccidles. Serv. ad JEneid. i, LXVI. Into X..

A

W. Diod,

Drink

Ir,

;

Dio;;.

TuU J Scot. Toll, Into Dh. Hold Ir. Poll. anvuos J^CXXV- dari juffiW. Buyd, Meat ; Ir. Biadh. rutit ed condicione ut Nort. luji. Lat. Extiuguo. Ital. Spcngo ; Ex- VV. Troed, Foot; Ir. Troidh. tindus, SpentOi Men. pagM.i luftrent 1^ feqq. diehus ex W.Kynnyd, Fnjjf/i Ir. Konnadh. conjiietudniefud caevetit, 8cc. lb. Gr. Xm*!,!, gc .^Ol. 2OTc;ti,- , Lat Into G. epulantib.

tale Sat/itii

kic p'^gt-

W.Tulh

[or

uis

A

&

Th

or

W. Tiaeth,

changd into D.

Tl-e Sea-Shoar at

Crct. Xmptcv Spatium.

Gr.Sro'Jioi.

Ebb

A

W.

Spica.

T

;

undc Lac.

Low Water Corn. Drcjth.

Draenog, Hedge hog; Granedg. Lac. Diurnus, Ital. Giorno. Lat.Hodic, \i2.[.Oggi. Lac Modius, leal. Moggio.

Ir.

Gr. X»4;, ;r;ca7i{; CorpUS. JEo\. Tallin pro Teen;, Pavo. Hollis, Signified Anciently a ftran- Lac Radius, Ital. Raggio. Ys k\ dhon ; Arm Kiydon. ger, whence Holpes Ir.Nead. W.Nyth, ANefti Lat. Dama, Span. Gama. changd i?tto S or 7j. W.Taly, To Pay; Ir. Diol. Lat. Delphin, Span. Golfin. in Wcllli words is frequently W.Truy, By or through Ir. Dar. Into J Confonant. W.Tywys [Sing. Tuyfcn] An chang'd into Sor'Z., in the CoTQUh, and or

;

W. Yfgythan,

A Ring Dove, q

d.

T

T

i

Ear of Corn. Ir. Deus. W. Teg, Pair; Ir. Deagh

/^ecially 'in

Com-

before

T

L

when

As we

:

N

or

D

are placed

fjid by the fol-

pound words j unlefs tkis laft may lowing Examples. luhich the W. Kynta, The Firft; Corn Kenfa. be from our Da, Good Cor.Kanz 1 nfll Aiiciently us'd, [tko' it he now W-Kanc, An Hundred writ Da, W. Guync, The W'/?;^; Cor.Guins. and fomtimes ObJ'olcte.) Saint ; Corn. Sanz. andfimtimes Dagh for in an Old W. Sant, I W. Dane, Tooth ; Com. Denz. Irifll Manufcript Vocabulary, \V. yskyvantj.r/te Lungs; Corn. findfx^h >. e. mairh ;

;

A

;

A

Germ.Tieft:BeIg.£)/>p.F.ng Deep. Germ. Trctten, Belg. Treden, Eng

Skephans.

W.

Ij;einc \^Vulg.

igen] Twenty

To Tread. Corn. Igans. Ger.Thier, An Animal, Belg Dier. W.Arrianc \_v. Arrian] Silver; Bledfiani To Arhans. fEngl. Blctfian Weather; W. [N. ] Molhc, hlefs. Lat. Intyba, Fr. Endive. Corn. Mowlz. W.Guelhc, Straw; Corn. Guelz. Lac. Cubitus, Fr. Coude. Lat Capitolium , Ital. Compidoglio. W. Alht, Cliff; Corn. Als. Padrone. Ital. P.uronus, Lac. W. Barkic, Kite ; Corn. Bargez Lac Potcftas, Ital. Podefta. Gr. Nscv-nx, Lac. Naufia. Lat. Nutrire, Ital Nudrire. Gr. 'Vmn, Lac. Rcfina. Lat. Catena, Span. Cadena. Gr. 'Pax'iW. TOs i/«; L. Rhapfodia. Amado. Lat Amatiis, Span Gr. T-ifi, Lac. Servo. Gr."A:>'.T®'. Lac IJrfus. Lat Vitis [ Viticula J ViJija. Lac. Vadum, "Am;, Lac Procapis/rora Caput ; Rufleus Gr. b«t;. JEdes, &<:. Roflus/;ow Rutilusj Sonus ISS Antiq 1 L. Valerius papiahunc from Tonus and Tenfus for

&

A

A A

ly

Cornilh ; As, W. Diurnod, a Day; Corn.Jurna. IVhereoffee Examples under Zh. inferted after D. p. lo. col. 2. For I Confojiant , as Pronounc'd by the Cornifh, being a compound Somid, I have chofen to make

ufeofQlhfor

locum

Monu

rcliquid L. Val. Hie-

roni heredtfuo, &ic. Fab. 1^8-

— Vixi cum eo aunos xxv. —

Tcntus,&c.

D

I-

W.

Vojf.

chavg'd into B.

A

Drop Arm. Banna, Davan, lui nifl quod me reliquid. lb. p C. Badna. Lat. Laude, Germ. Lob. 175: N. 160. Ki-ce fponfalia nive convivia pub- LatRaderc, Raducrum ; Yi.Rabot lica pofiea in eum diem eo<]ue die Lat.Funda, Ital. Fromba , whence qui dies erit FromboU. D. Villi. K Martias fient concipiantur indi- Lac DueJlum, Bellum. Cic. Orat canturi-e jtrve qui ludi Scenici Cir. Quinc L. 1 C.+. Nihil do-

A

Lac Cicada,

quodaniiis pubtice Manibus ejus per Magiftratus eofve qui Fifis jure dicmido frae trtnit, &CC.

T W.

die

Reinef. p 4.7a.

chajfg'd into

Into

Sharp.

;

Ir.

E.Jvimf,

iEol.

iEol

B«A:f«i.

iiUd^.

Mo\. 'ohxti, Mo\.

B-Jxlv;.

'OcoAif.

Gcr, KA«Va, /Eol.

KAx^i Lac.C^i"».

Gx

Ammit; and

Id.

Ammoveoyir Admoveo. hito N. Lac. Perdice, leal

Pernice.

Sipont.

Men.

Lac Tendicur &Tennicur. Donat in Phorm. Tercnc Non rcte accipitri tennitur,

neque Milvio

So Adnitrr, Amtitor

;

Adnume-

Annumero, &c.

ro,

Into P.

This

is

alfo obvious

in Cofpoft-

As, Adparco, Appareo ; Adparatus, Apparatus ; Adpcllo, Ap pello; Adpono, Appono,Scc. tions

t

Ei«ff»}.

iitXutf, J£.o\.

M.

Co in old Mss. for Admicco

:

Into

AUf oi,

A-irrlii,

G.

Taer, bnportunate

(according to fame)

Admoneo, Ammoneo

cevfefve eo die fiant jpeclenturi-e eo

Ital.

Cigala. Id.

Lat Odor, Ital. Olore. Lat. Cauda, Span. Cola. Lat. Gades, Span. Calls. t Lac. Adlabor , Allabor ; Adlido, Allido; Adloquor, AUoquor. Gr. A«xi«, Lac. Lolium,S<.c. Vid. VoJf. De Ljterarum permutatione.

;

A

titique

it.

Into L. Lat. Vidiana, River of Brccagn in F'rance, ViUaine. Men.

,

&

Dh in Weifli, is frequentchajigd into J Confonant by the

\V Melicdydh

R.

& Metierydhi A

Lark. Vid p. II. col. i. M. t Lat. Medula , [a modulando] Merula. Met Lac. Media dies, [Medidics] ridies. And fo m the Armoric , /or Mid-<lay, ie. Kres deidh, th*

,;

.

TIT.

2g

;

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

The Obs.XXI. Change Of The Ocs. XXI. Change Of The Obs.XXI. Change Of Lingual Letters T.D. Lingual Letters T. D. Lingual Letters T. D. Th. Th. Dh.S. Z. South; Germ. Miccag,

the

Dh

Th.

&

Belg. Middach. Gr. K4iJi»>. Lat. Coriiint. Lopus, ornGr. AiTif;, M7nh>, Lat. fro>n So from Adcelso, yircefo ; ;

W.

Dh.

Z.

S.

W.ydyu,

;

tage^Scc.

D

.

;

&

W.

A

Confbnant.

Lock;

Ir.

Kiav. Ir.ls.lia/,

A

C

D

;

Initials, D. Dh. «WN. nit. I. Daiar, G^okW; D61, a Meadow Davad, a Sheep.

have three I

i

;

W.RhCiyd,

W

Her?m-

Lat.AdulcerOjItal. Avoltero. Men. Ital. Chiodo&Chiova, Nail. Gr. k^«'Aj, ^ol. kXcHic, L cluva. Lat. Fodio, Fovea. Verbs and Subflantives that Primarily begin with in the Welfh,

^

;

V

cha7ig'd into

Kiuyd [ut fupra]

A Basket.

D

A A

Beithe.

Dithrav.

Ir.

W.Kydyn,

—

;

;

Ir.

A W. Didrev, A Defert, an

Kiuyd, Hurdle; Ir. Kleath. \VMs.l6d, Praifc, Fame; Ir. Cloth

Ir.

to "Y is fo eafy, that in Roman Adrepo, Arrepo from Adrideo, Iss. -we find it very frequent Adrodo, arrodo Adfiujeti aeFabr. p. 147. Is. 168Arnjorjum , &C. vorlum t ternae Evtychiani Fili dulcijjimi Z. Ijito Sor by pientijfimi (^ prudentilfimi ReVGS or Z if generally us' d for rentiOimique vergini qui vixit //leBritans o/Cornwall and France. Annis XJ^U. M. II. D. HI RoExamples. as appears by thefoUoTcing matius pater ponendum citravit W-Kynnyd,F"^<"''i Corn-Kinnis. Kuas. fub Afcia dedicavit. W- Kavod, Shower 'voluifli fandijjima cojux W. Tavod, Tongue Corn. Ta- Fraecedere Ut we relinqueres in lacrimis. vaz. Si efl aliquic in bifernas partes bene W.Ket;id, Hemlock C Kegaz. Ego autem fine te vitam fordidam ^W??; CRuz..

Arrideo

B;Vf/7;

W.

Toa. V^ -Dmsdh, An End Ir. jTiudh. See f Tiugh in the Irifll Did. Infer. Anciq.] The chayige ofD inDeuis, choice;

Z.

S.

W.Bedu,

Is; Ir. Ata.

nit.

Idhaiar, His Ground; ; I dhavad, Cor. Davaz,. C W.Had, Seed; Corn. Haz. I N I T. III. yn Naiar,iM[y Ground, per annos Hez. Cor. Swarm W. Haid, Papirius Vitalis Arte Piiicrid Ma- &CC. So Dysky, Teaching; lu DhyFoot; Ir. Truz. W.Troed, sky, to Teach Him In nysky, to ritus ejus Shoo; Corn. Ezjiz. W.Efj;id, Feminae incomparahili fecit ftbi ZT Teach Me. W. yd*^, corn Corn. iz. 6ia. Th chang'd into X or xd. lb. fuis. p. Lagaz. 25; J W.Lhygad, An Eye; C Interim apuC me multae proba- W. Tyluyth, AHouJl^old Ir.Tea\V Drindod, Trinity Corn. Drin-

W

.?y(god,F>Jh

A Sheep

Davad,

.

exigo

C.?y(g!iz.

;

j

A A A

I

II.

dhol , His Meadow His Sheep.

Eftofelix dr- ibi dulcijjtma Thalaffia Educatrix V. <^ mihi in connuvio

I

XXXX

i

;

;

—

;

;

.

tio7ies,

daz.

A Bottom;

WGuaclod,

Corn

Golaz.

Mordhuyd, A Thigh; Corn. Morraz W. Ewinedh, Nails C. Winaz. Difeafe; Corn. W. Klevyd,

W.

;

A

— Illut

&

Corn. Blez W. \V. Kaled. Hard; Corn. Kaliilj. W. Dilhad, cloaths C. DiUaz. W. Anwyd, Cold; Corn. AnncZW. Bedu, Birch; Arm. Bezo. W. Eidion, An Ox; Arm. Ezhan.

W.

Lhuyth,

A Tribe

or Family;

Ir SlioA;d.

fW.

Blith, Milk; whence Byu^; a Milch Cow ; Ir.Bo vlio;'id. .T^yih, Ajourtiey i Ir.TeaA;d. Tarent. 'o?w;^t;. Gr. "0{»5«s, Sic. Afr. Carthada \ i. e. Nova Civitas Carthage'] Sicul. Kfl(f;j«Ai al.

M

D

vlith,

\^

T. Aelivs. Crispin Vs. AvG. Lib.

ATIVTQ R

A

Rationidvs. Qv_i VixiT Annos XXlI.

Klevaz Blaud, Meal

alla;Kd!

5cc.

Servabitur Fontanis quod obtinuerunt aput fuos ]udkes,i^c. 179- N. 170, 171. lb. 278

&

&

;

;

IB

N.

p. 3+6.

tius rtt,

K«{;^r<^V Id.

Gr.

3.

— Tefiis quoqiie Urbis nofirae & to-

Th

Italiae aeternitati proj^exequibus ipfe non foliim praeceplo

W.Saeth, 'A?«;>

chang'd into D.

An Arrow;

Ir.

Saiead.

Lat Ador.

Gr. Gr. ©i«. Lat. Deus. prodejfet, &c. Rcinef 477. XI. Gr. Flounder; ©«<f««f, Lat. Dumus. W.[N.] Lheden, chang'd into Th. Gr. n,5b, Lat. Fido. Arm. Lizet. not only fo ckang'd Gx-'Bitht, Lat. Fundum. have The Irilh Arm.Seis. Sidm, Silk but have Gr.rfl^'w, Dor. ?^>'«. Lat. GauMdved, yehet ; Arm. Vulus. a great maiiy Britifll -words alfo in a manner annihilatedthe Prodeo. Infer. Ant.q. 1 Ita Levis Incvmfollowing in the tho nunciation, for Gr."E»5". Lat. Ivde. BAT Terra Denvncio Tibi write th , yet they they Examples CiNERiGr. Mirjw, Lat. Merda. Vel ASSINTQviETi Pronou7ice but the h , and fometimes Gr. Tvis "of>t. Lat. Ordo. augufliljimo fee etiam exfemplofuo

A

W W

D

;

.

:

.

Bvs

RoGO Ne SepvlcriVmbjus VioLARE AVDEAS. Fabr. p. 183 n«<iKov, Pu/io

;

'Ptht,

181.

Rofa

;

^rfus

;

^ei>cwfM,

;

Mordeo,

W.

Alorfus

;

Cado,

Gr.

Rhedyn [Dim. Rhedyna;t;]

Fern

Aflideo, Alilgno, AfTimulo, For Adftdeo. &cc. Ardco, Siguu?//

not that.

;

Raithnea/i.

Ir.

W.Rhedegog,

Running;

Ir.

Rc-

atha.

W. Lhydu, W. Lhed, [i»

Ajljes

;

Ir.

Luaith.

Compound words ^

nif?«, Lat. Perdo.

©

Id.

Th j

chang'd into F. In the Eolick Dialed (which the Latin chiefly follow d) Th was frequently chang'd into F. ©iaS», JE.o\. ^rixh, t Lat. Fello, To

Cer

Suck.

Non.

Half; Ir. Leath , Lhed-ynvyd ©if. &o\. 'b'ii, Lat. Fera. Leath-amadanax. Cufits, &c Qi^u, yEol. '^if, Ferveo. Aduyn Mia aduvn, I Know Bitfii, JEo\. ^''ifii. Fiber. Gluidquid Syllabanoflrie in B UteKnowledge. Aithne, Ir. ajpere ade'o imiituntur ram (^ Gr. ©"gje, \jax..Foris. W.Edivciru;*;, Repentafice; ir. Aiut plerique ?ion AritiquiJJlmorum Gr. Qii^t*, Lat. For as. thresA:. quidemjed tamen veterum, moUire &<j>i^ii, JE,o\.<i>ii>-Mc, FoUis. ATranfiript ; Ir. tentaverint ; non foliim afverfa W. Dadfgriven, &t(f<s(,Mo\. 'i'tfffii, t Lat Formus. Aithfgrivadh. prapopro adverfa dicendo fed in Calidus. i. e. meel, Ir. Roth. fitione B abfonam <^ ipfam S Svb- W.Rhod, evfiiu, /Eol. 4>uf*iZ ; Fumo. W. Kaled, Hard; t Ir. Kaladh. ©•{•«, K.o\. Osfdj Furor. jiciendo. Cjuintil xii. 10. e^cken-tree chafig'd into T. [ S. ] Kerdin, & (or Th ) chang'd into H. Ir. Kyrthin. Flottd; Arm. Tol. W- Diliu, Merh Fort; [ Dav. Did. W. Maurth, Mars; Corn. W. Kader, If. Tuil. Tuefday; Corn. Dydh'Maurth, City. Cafus

Occafus, OccaJIo; Cudo,

;

W

•

.

D

A

D

W- Tad.

W

A

A Father; Arm.

T'lt.

W.Klyued, To Hear; Arm. Klevet.

W. Kaled, Hard; Arm. Kalct. t W. Mad, Good: Arm. Mat. W. PcAjod, Sin Arm. PcAjet. ;

A

.

A A A A

;

..

:

A

Kathair, Chair i Ir Kathaoir. Y.7idiCV, Battle ; Ir. Kath. Kad, W-Kv/od, Shower; Ir.Keatha. W.Peduar,fo«rj Ir.Keathair. Lhflyd, Gray j Ir. Liath. Br. ]

W. W.

W.

Ir.

De

{_or

Dedh] Merh,

Maurth ,

the month of

& Mis March

MIz Merh. WGuarthav, The top or fummit of any thing; Corn. Guarhaz. Corn.

W. Forth,

d

;

;

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

Obs.XXI. Change Of The Obs.XXI. Change Of Li NGUAL Letters T. D. LiNGt/At, Letters Th. Dh.

Th. Dh.

Z.

S.

S.

\V. Guydhcn,

erhin.

Corn. Torh. S orlj.

The Armoric Britans ahout

and

laix

their

Dh

Engiifli-

dc Leon

S. Paul's

(irhich

nounce the 7.

Th j

avd

S

or 'L in

Ex-

amples.

WGulkh,

W

Arm

Dfip;

Arm.

Glis.

CiUcnith, IVheat ; Arm. Guinis. The Sea Shoar expos'

W. Tracth,

Eyzil.

A Mh:e

ATree

;

Arm.

Arm.

\

G','-

czcn. fien.

Arm. Ry^s;

Red VV.

Medhu, Drunken;

Ir.

Ar. Mezii;

MeiiseaA;.

W. Guadh, W. Guydh, W. Hurdh, VV. Blaidh

,

A Mole Arm. Cos. A Goofe; Ar. Goas. A Ram; Arm. Urz. A Arm. Bleis.

Jl'olf;

W

A A

Gr. Gr.

A

i

A

A

A

Graci Veteres

bUjo

olim

'videiittir

extulijfe, atqiie in

O ore

tantum

eli-

quajfe ut potiUs fonarent S quam imde quoque JEolihus , qui receptx

Fronunciationi fcribentes, inftfiebant, nuf<m di(ft funt qui aliis Ux^Jtii. Sii«< quoque (^ ©i>a/ iifdem funt quos

Chinas hodie pronunciatit Vofl. V. Salmas. dc Hclleniftka. p- 367. Th is never the Firft Initial of any iford in the Britidlj^n^ theThird

from

that I'rimarily

Ttords

begin

vith T. <MjI thavod, Her Tongue Her Forehead; 6cc. From I thai,

Tavoii a7id Tal.

Dh

chang'd'into

W. Medhal

W

,

Soft

;

;

But

this is fo eafy

that

it neei•ds

not

D.

Corn. Medal.

Byfledh, Fingers

Arm

Bizied

an alteration

~ mucK Exempli'

chang'd into Gh andQ^ are us'd indijferently

Dh

Dh

Irifli ; for they write A5hai&h [The Face'l or Afcha)j;h, &c. The reafon wkereofwas their fiftning

by the

their Frouu7!ciationfo far, as that

it

became a Doubt at length whether of them (hoiild be made ufe of Dh chang'd into Th. W. Maidh, It^ey ; Ir. Meith. WJvIadhe, To Forgive ; Jr. Maith, Forgive thou, &c. But the Difference here isfofmall, that tko' both founds are common in our Modern

Englifh, as in the words

Thine,

Thin, &c.

Tet a DtfinHion in vriting, fuck as that of^ and \> formerly us'd, has been thought unneceffary.

Dh

W.

chang'd into S or Z.

Guinonedh,Tr«(/i5ii

Arm-Gui-

;

j

'I^/xw, 'lifttt;

MtTiir, Mediiis. 2.Tun3i(,

Stadium.

&

,

Gr. -v\5.-. I^at Ficus. Gr. SixaiTO, L. Fkatum cato, Figadello

;

;

Ital

Fe-

Gall. Foye.

Gr. Xv^>.ihi, Lat Ficedula. • S chang'd info (i.

Gr

Th'u, /Eol TijTOj Tergo.

Gr.

B^Misi;, liy Tranjpofitioti Bai>jii;,

Valgus,

A

1.

A

'Oifii,

I'al.Sino &>'/'«<»; Doifi Dolfi; DoUcto ec Dolfero Dolfono& Dolfono.

S chang'd The

;

]

Z.

S chang'd into V

;

i

S.

Dor.

'Oth'„,

KutfTfAi,,:, Kut^i/ii'tt, Scc. Gr. Kfism;, Kfirmh', ; Creptdo.

;

\V.ioUdhug,The Neck; Ar. Guzuk. Arm. Trcas. .yl'guydh,A shoulder Ar.SkiJas. W. Nvth, Nefti Arm. Neis. Thigh; Arm. VV.Mordhuyd, W. Kath, Cat Arm. Kas. Morzet. W.Teth, A Cows Teat Arm.Tcs. Floiinor Ar. W.Bydhar, Buzar. Flutes Deaf; W. [S. Lhythi, VV. Beynydhiol, Daily; Ar. Bemders. Arm. Lizct. W. Guythen, AVem, Arm. Gui- dizheg. Key ; Arm. VV. S. J Alhucdh, zien. Arm. Ala;Kys. ThreJIiold W.Trothe, Corn. Idhen, Bird; Arm. F.zn. Trevzu Meen the Look or Corn.Harthy,rflB<jr,tj Arm.Ars. W. Guedh, Ajpe^i. Ir. Gnuys. Q. Mackrel; Arm. Corn. Brcthal, W.Trydydh,r,6er^;Wi Ir. Treas. Brezel. at Ebb;

Gr.

VV.Gureidhin, ^fioe/,- Ar. Grif-

'

in the following

as

;

Pro- W.Rhvdh,Rf^.Vi«.;

,

elfewhere

is

as

Mor-

TD

n

Chanqe Of The Lingual Letters T. D

Obs.XXI. Th. Dh,

Corn. Porh VV. Hidhigl, Soot VV. Muynglaudh, &For. Meiiglys. \V .AJUcrthin, Laughter i Corn Hu-

W. Torth, A Logfi Th chang'd htto

The

Z.

A Have>i;

W.VoTth,

.

into

Ar fedh mo &C.

And

into

H.

cha7ige

Infli

H. As

Syal,

the Initial S an Age or Life;

my Life tmie, already hmtcd)

h\ail, all

(as

IS

it feems therefore mofi likely, that wheras a great ma?iy words that

haveUfor

rZ-Wr initial in the Bt\. begin with S ;// the Irilli ; thojc words have been better prejerSd in ?*^ North of Britain <j;// Ireland, tilh,

than by the Provincial Britans of Wales, Cornv/all and France. / am veryfenftble I might make ufe of JVound; W. Kluyv. the Authority of VolTius , and the Ir. Kne^dh, Mole; Scot Fav. Generality of other Learned CriVV. Guadh, ticks, for deriving their words VV.Fiaidh, 17^/7; Ir. Fiav. from yine ; Ir. Fi- ours, feeing they take it far granted VV. Guinuydhcn, that fuch Latin words as begin with ncaviiin. S are corrupted from 'the Greek VV. Guraidh, Roots; Ir. Freav. , VV. Giineytbyd, To l)oe; Ir. Gni- whofe Initials are ajperated VovvcLs but had they had a Notion of theje vadli. VV. yr oedh e , He was; Ir. Do changes oflnhah., they would perhaps have doubted with me, whether raiv fc. Dh is never the Primary Initial fuch Variation of the Firjl Letter has ofanywordintheBtiui\\j but the not been alfo Anciently the PraHice Second of words that Primarily be- of the Greek and other Languages. Ir. Sailcug, gin with D. As Derwen, an Oak Willow; W. Helig Ir. Salan, Salt; \V. Halen. y dheruen, the Oak, &c. Ir. Sailte, Salt; [adj.] VV.Halht. S chang'd into C. Swarm ; VV. Haid. Lat. Verfellum, Fr. Berceau. Men. Ir. Saith, Saith, AThrufl ; VV. Huth. Ir. Lat Sorba, Fr. Ctfrwf. Id. Ir. Sav [ whence Savradh Lac. Sicilia, Ital. Cicilia. ] Summer; VV. Hav. L. Vifitarc, Ital. yicitare. L. Fafcis \_Fafcinus'] hd.Facchino. Ir. Savail, Like; VV. Havail. Ir. S-icoiltea, L. Cafcus, Ital. Cacio. cleft; VV. Holht. corr. ev. L. Sera [Seraculum] Sp.Cerrojo. Ir. Se,/*; VV. E Ir. Seavak , Hawk ; VV. Hebog. W.Morl'us, Span Al-mueno. ' Ir. Sealv , Herd or Drove ; VV Cum. Gr. Si", Lat. Con Helva. Gr. ngjwjje, Porca. Voff Ir. Sealva, Poffejjion ; W. Helu. S chang'd into ZFr. Eflranger, VV Eltron ^ Ir. Eax,- Ir. Sealga, Hw»r/»^ VV Hcla. drannax,. Ir. Sealgaire, Huntfm.m; VV. VV. rs. Helliur. ymaes, Ox/i Ir. Ama;^. Fr. [ W. ] Bas, Law ; Sp. Baxa. Ir. Sean, Old, VV. Hen. Ir. ScavigaDa.^; , §}ujck. Soon; W. Lat. Aft i Ir. Axd. Hy-skavn, very light. S chang'd into D. Ir.Seafg, Sedge or Bur-reed; W. L. Acris, Acredula. Pecudis Hefg. Laudo Laus Pecus, ; ; L. , Ir.Scile, SpUtla; W. fHaliu. Fraus, Fraudo, &c. Claudius ohm Claufus nam Ap- lT.Sc(ii,ASail; VV.Huyl. pius Claudius Sabinus qui Sexto pofl h. Si, She; VV.Hi. .Uixyt^Late. Reges exaffos anno, fe Regillo Sabi- Ir.Siar, r.6f ^/,-

Dh or Th

chang'd into

V

Conf.

A ^

A

A

A

j-

A

&

A

A

&

.

.

i

A

&

W W

norum oppido Romam contulit eum Ir.Sin, This; W. Hyn. W. Fjdh, Faith; Arm. Feiz. clientibus, apud Sabinos Clauius dice- Ir. Sith, Peace ; Hedh hedW. Trigaredhj Mercy; Arm. Tri- batur, Romam verb ut venit Claudus bu;e. our Silod ugires. hence diffus Claudius ; a Seed; and pojl efl quo Sil, Ir. \ (^ W. DHh^ADay; Arm. Deiz. gens Claudia deftenJit. VofT /•or>/jtfF#l VV.HiJ. riones.

.

H

&

tlr-

;.

TIT.

28

;) ,;

;

,

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Change Of The LiNGVAL Letters T. D.

Obs.XXI.

Change Of TheI Obs.XXIL Change Of The

Obs.XXII.

LiQ^uiDs Lh.

Rh

L.

R. N.j

Liquids

&

Lh.L. Rh.R. N.

A

EnglWater. W. Lhau, Germ.Waffcr,Belg. Hand; fCorn. Lau Lof, Ir. Lav, &c. Nut ; Belg. Note. Ger. Nufs, E. Hir fir. Sir, Long; W. When L is the Primary Initial, Stramer W. Hidil. G.GrofSjEngl. Grent Bc\g Groot: Ir. Sithlan, Groflevatter , a Grand-father ; It IS thus aj^erated in all Welfh Ir.Soinean, Fair Weather; Wwords without exception, and changes Groot-vader. Belg. Hinon. G. Geifs,Belg. Gheyte EnglGoat. only into the common L ^.rXhys, Suan, Sleep ; W. Hyn.

Th.

Dh

Z.

S.

A

A

&

;

;

-,

Ir. Sail C

Soudul ] Engl. Heel. G. Nifs, B.Nete;E.Nit.

W.

:

A Court

Ir.

yn

j

G.Was, Lhyn,

lys,

i

in his Court :,

a

Pool-, Ar lyn , on a G. Fufs, E. Foot B. Voet. SeediW.H-id. Pool j Lhefter , to Hinder yn i E. What; G. Das. Engl. That great many fitch Examples in j lefter, Hindering him, &c. Better G.Aufsi may E. Befler, G. and Latin, refiea of the Greek L chang'd i7tto CEngl. Out. G. Biisen, Engl. <i hefeen in Voflius, De Liter, perBit. GBifs, Untill; W. Bit. Lib. Fr. Arfenal Arfenac i An Armutatione inthe Letter H. mory. Land. Sometimes in the Welfli, the H « ;

Eag\.

A

;

&

AnOx,^

Z. As, t Ir. lofl Sack ; Corn. Zali. y%; Ir Suas, Above; W. yUA; W. SlK, W.SyA;, X>?7; Corn. Zah. Eleftr, 6-c. Silaftar a Flag \M .S(iz,A Plow-Jhare ; Corn.Zoh. Lncojtes, Argivi. Pamphyltt , atque Solent W. Sant, Sai?tt, Holy ; C. Zans. eximere S Erctrienfes CZaznak. al}>iratio?iem ejus loco fufficere; it a W.Saifneg, Engltfl} Mim its efi f<i"« Msmxi, fimiij. n«- W. Saeth, An Arrow; C. Zeath. An Archer. n«i««<, W.Saethur, C Zethar. tm Tcaa; 'Bun*, fin'tc; neii<mi, W.Sadurn, Saturn; C.Zadarn. &c. Voir Vid. Prifc. L. V. Mare C. Kazak. Kafeg, S chang'd into R. Segh,

:

W

;

.

S chang'd

into

A

&

A

;

;

;

W

A Bear.

t Engl.Bes,

Mod.

Germ.

Belg.] Haafci Engl.

A

[&

Hare. Germ. Eyfen, Engl. Iron. Bclg.Baflen [fEngl. Barcen] To Bark. Lat. Maffilia, Fr. Marfeille. Lat. Camurus, Ital Camufo.

A

.

;

W. [ S. 3 Kefser, Hail; C.Kezzar. W. Ifel, Low Corn. Izal. ;

A Rib;

W.Afen,

Corn. Azan, Cough ; Corn. Paz. Pas, Pris, Price; Corn. PriZ.

W. A W. W. Egluys, A Church; C. Egliz. W. ysbryd, A Spirit C. Speriz. W. Mis, A Month C. Miz. W. Nos, A Night C. Noz. W. Glas, Gray C GlaZ. W Lhyfeyin, An Herb Arm. Lu;

fLat. Ai^,Ara. fLat. Afena, Arena. \ Lat. Cafmen, Carmen.

;

;

;

.

Lat.

Monopolium, Sp.

Gr.'EAas^oj, iJ«fo«.

Gr. TJiyihif, Rigidus. fLat. Delico, Dedicoi

Vofl.

ex

Fefto.

t Lat. Reluvia, Redtivia.

L

chatig'd into

G.

Lat. Lilium, lulGiglio.

Gr. MUii, Att

f«i><j.

Gr.MK>it.„y,Magis. VofiT

L Lat.

chang'd into

Flamma,

Lat. Flatus,

Ital.

Ital.

I.

Fiamma.

Ftato.

Lat. Flaccus, Flaccidusj

Ital.

Fi-

never change their Initial. Lat. Planta, Ital. Pianta. Lat. Placere, Ital. Piacere. See the Changes of the Letter in Voflius's Trad De Literarum Lat. Plaga, Ital. Piaga; Planeta, Britifh,

Z

OBSERVAT.

JEs, arts, &c. into Sh.

Sc chang'd

shery. t Engl. Sceaftesbyrig, Shaft E. Scrobbesbyrig, Shrewsbury.

his

Ety-

XXIL

Change Of The Liquids Lh.

L.Rh.R.N.

Pianeta ; Platea, Piazza Planus, Pia?io; Pleniis, Pieno, Plebe, Pieve j Pluvia, Piova ; Pluma Piuva, &c. Equivalent to this Li of the Ita•

Lh( or as

others write )

Lh is pe-

is

niards

;

words ^ which may be therefore conas Exa?Nples of the fame change of Pronunciation ; fince the Alterations of Languages have come by the Ear and not by the Pen. Lat. Clamarc j Span. LLamar. Lat Flamma, Span. LLama. Lat Pliga, Sp&n. LLaga. Lat. Planus, Span. LLano. Lat. Clavis, Span. LLave. Lat. Ctf/ ligere, Span. LLegar. Lat. Plorare, Span LLorar ^Vlncre,LLover ; Pluvia, LLuvia,&cc. Gr. <!>"'.»«», Lat. Folium.

fEBifceop, ^Bj/^'cp-

culiar to the Welfllj (for the Spanifl} fidcr'd

t E. Scepaherd, fE.Scip, ^5/'/>.

from

A Shepheard. ScodyShod.

LI

is

profiounc'd but as Li)

L

and differs

as much, and in the fame

manner, as the Engl'Jh

Th

in the

the Initial E\ of the Spa.for Lleno , FuU^ is ProLieno, and fo in all other

lians,

7iounc'd

Sceor-ftane, Sheer-ftone. , The Ifle ofSheppey.

t E. Sceap-ise

A

Mofiipodio.

Gr. MvSh.M<ii, Madidtis. Gr. Mixtrat, Meditari.

Fr. Flanc, Ital. Fianco. An Afs ; Arm. Azen. Mefen, An Acorn ; Ar.Mezan. Lat Floccus, Ital. Fiocco. Words that begin with S in the Lat. Flumcn, Ital. Fiume.

afterwards permutatione premis'd to fii , 11^0 mologicum Latinum. Aurelii, Furii, Papirii, Valerii. Acus,Acerii; Pecus Fecoris; Pignus,

E

changd intoD. Ital. Amido.

Amylum,

acco.

zauan. W. Afen,

-were call'd

t f

SxbtbAjJj Scutica.

L L.

W.

t Lat FefiEB, Feria. L.i C.4.. f Lat.Lafes,I,^?-w. Q^nt. Valet Lat. Aufelii, FufiirPapifii,

;

Gr.

;

t Lat. Efit, Where now ;.V.nt. fLat. Glofia, Gloria. t Lat. Plufima, Flurima. Feflr. f Lat. Pignofa , Pignora. Idem.

Pignoris

Lat. Lanugo, Ital. Calugine. Lat. Lip^us, Ital cif^o.

Shoo t E. Sco, jpor«/r Thought, Thanks, (^(T. from Shell. \E.Sce^\, To Shoot; Cildifli, T. the Britans of Cornwall and Scotian, fE. France, aid thofe of Scotland and Childijh; Scin, Shin,&zc. Ireland, have (if ever they had it S changd into T. Whether in the following Exam- loB this Pronunciation ; as partly ples, S is chatig'd into T, or the con- appears by the following Examples But be- and it holds in General. trary, is left to the Reader caufe the High German Language W. Lhygad, An Eye; Arm. fCorn. Lagat, Mod. C Lagaz. has generally the preference as to AnNun ; Arm. Leanes, Gr ." AX^'l^ai, Lat. Salio. .Lheyan, tiquHy, itsfo here allow' d: tho in reGr. KvXXin , Cilium; "AXXes , Alius ^ gard 'tis manifefi from an Old Vof Corn. Laines. M.Corn. &xMas, Thalia, &c. that Lheidir,y^ r^if/i cabulary hi the Cotton Library, W. f into Ladar, Arm. Ladhr. L cha7!g'd into N. Lader the Cornifh have chang'd Place; Corn. Le ; At. W. [N. ] LuUen, AKidney; Cor. S *. it /}jouldfie?n not unlikely that W. Lhe, Lonath *. Ecx. the Germans have done fo alfo Lhyfeyin , An Herb W. Pelh, Far ; Ir. Kian , For the e^eciaUy when we conftder that our W. Lhfs Initial P in the Welfli, is K in O/i^Englifh-Saxons caWdnot Water t Corn. Les ; Ir. Lus ; Mod. C. the Irifh +. und the Comparifon Lyzuan ; Arm. Luzauen. Waefer, but Waeter ; nor a Foot Arm. betwixt Pell and Pian ; is not f^ W.Lhiu, Colour; Corn. Fos, ^fFot,&c. Liu. fJr.Li. Germ. Weifs, Belg. Wit; Engl. • vid Examples of Different TermiW. Lhydan , Broad; Corn.Leden, nations. p.15. ccl.x. ^Vid.Chm^rtefihc White. Letter P. p. »o. col. I. Arm. Ledan, Ir.Leathan. • Bib. Cot. Vefpar. A. 14.. ;

A

;

&

W

T

A

& A &

&

&

+

remote

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

TIT.I.

31

Obs.XXII. Chance Ok The Ofw. XXII. Chance Of The Oes.XXII. LiQUi Ds Lh. L. Rh.R. N. LiojriDS Lh.L. Rh.R. N. LiCLviDS Lh.L. Rh.R. N.

Change Of The

remote as the Italian Maninconia,

from Melancholia. Lat.Colus [Coluaila]

Mugme.

Ital.

;

Lat.

Cake, Spin.

-,

Arm.

;euifi5cl

M-car.-ce.

Ir.

Bal«*.

Lat. Unicornir;, Fr. Licorne. Lat. Orphanus, Fr. Orphelin.

Id.

Mandoa. Bi»n«', Crct- Bi'atio*. Gr.'HAjw, Dor.i'V; BiAtist,-,

Lat.

Venenum;

Ital.

Lat. Naupaftus,

Gr.

Lat. Bononia,

/SirTWJ;

Lat.

efl

A-

meae qua

cogiiationi

utilitatibut

//.?

vejlrit

vmum

lb. 40+.

I.

— His parce tumulis

ingredi

pcdtm faepe nunquam dolcas Alque trifle fufpires

Veleno.

Sic

Lepanto. Bologna.

Ital.

Ital.

fi

credo confenferi!ii ufibus teJfris dunitaxat ijuum publice epulas exercebitis habere poljitis , gcc

Cantabnaii, Lat Canonicus, hzX.Calonico.

Bifc. or

Lat. Mulus,

mrnea ul

W. Uin.APlacei

PHomena. Lat. Philomela, Lat. Falcc, Spaiv M-faige. Men Itil.

bus iJ.fico dart -joh quae projbexijje

I.,.

W.

Mugil

Cic. dc

pofiulabat.

N changd into A;uyfij5cn, A Bladdtr

^f-

Fr.

noiiille.

Lat.

ut Veritas

Oratorc.

Quanitum

Anima, Span. Alma.

doloris titulus

Ifle teflatur.

Lat. Antenatus , Span. Almado. L W.Eskilh, W^n^i Corn. Skclli Lat. Mcffana, Mejfala. andfomtimes Skcrlii whence Sker- Gr. nKit^fiii, Lat. Palermo. Gr. Nufifu. Lat. Lympka. li erehan, a Bar. q.d. Wai.AfGr. 'AfUiic, Lat. Melior. j;elh green, i.e. Leathcr-mng is Alj^el name Gr.NiTs?, AiTric whence Lepus.V'ofli Armoric the for Gr. 'ElvJjin;, 'EAi/'^{>;; ; whence Lutra. gro5hcn. :

613. A. chang'd into R.

N

chang'd into R.

VV.

Kneyen

,

A Nut

Arm. Kra-

,-

uen: Kraucn Gaiek Gallica

W

.

I

Mm,

[i.e.

A H'aUnnt. A Place

Mar: Mar

Ir.

i

Nux

a raivfe, yn y man yr oedh t In the place where he was. /'« Compound Lat. Diaconus, Fr. Diacre. before L Iss.Antiq W.Kil, ^7'»»; Ir.Kir. hyn Lat. Mai eajier ProPampinus, Fr. Pampre. Latin words, has for W. MaJ, As-, Ir. Mar: Lat. Tympanum, F>. Timbre. nunciation been chang'a into L [or val hyn Thus ; Ir. Mar Shin. W. Guilio, To PP'otih ; Ir. Faire *. for ht old Infcriptions we read Lat. Coffinus, Y\. Cojfre. )

;

N

I

W.Guell, Better; Ir. Fearr. W.Gucilji, The Sea; Ir Fairje.

Inluftris,

Aemiliae Andronicenis C. et Speff F. Neptis urbis prafetii fi liae Comitis AFric nurus Comitis Ord. prim. Ifauriae Ducts conjugis Comitis Sacr largittonum Inluftris. Reiner, p. 39. XVI

Akhimia,

Ital.

Archimia.

Ital

Lat. Ululare, Ital. Vrlare. Lat Pallidus, Span. Pardo.

C. Valgivs. Fvscvs.

L. Flagellum

;

»'w

;

Cceruleus.

/« n>f// <«

F'r. Moufiier. Lac. Sponfare, Fr. epoufer.

leal.

Montone

A Ram;

—

Januari-

yef«»f f^e Hymns to Janus i and the irfrf cai7V Janualii, us

Fr.

[ An f Moltone Mouton. D.

?

]

R changd into

CO AT

It.Ferita

& Fedica,a wound, afir oak.

Lac. Rarus,

PoRTiE. GaLLICAE POSTERISQVE. EORVM. OmNIVM Et.Vxoribvs. Concvbinisq^

Barbarous Greek,

<I>^^AAflv.

f Lat. Cceluleus t Lat. Janualius,

Lac Monalterium,

LF,GlO. IVMENTARIORVM

If-eivicyct.

U

Lac. Convencus, Fr. Couvent.

LocvM. Sepvltvrae. Donavit

Lat Palpebra, Span. Parpado. Gr. Kt^xAaAjix, Att. K(^«A«{>«» Sic KAiwtio;,

N

.

Ruljignuolo.

Lac.

etiam R, ut corrtgo, corrumpo,Irrito,&cc. Prilc. L.I. chang'd into I'OTtei. Lac. Conftare, Fr. Coujler. Ti-anfit

often.

Fr. Froc.

Lat. Floccus ; Lat. Lulcinia, [ Lufciniolus ]

& Cordolium. Nm

Conlegium, Conlatio, t Lat. Condolium , ana fuch like -very Canimen, Carmev.

Conlaplus

W.Glaii, Rain; Ir. Ffflrthain. t Engl Cclender, Coriander. Lat. Ulmus, Yt.Orme; Ulmellus, Ormau.

leal.

Rado.

Lac. Concrarius, leal. Contrado.

Gr. Kvs-^vxiitt, Tarenc. Hsf^vxAtt, Caduceum. Gr. riu/z*u, Gaudeo. Fabr. 177. a6i. Cui cum ob abflinentiam fingula- Gr. i\«[fMr?o;, Umpidus. rem ejus Deciiriones confentienti- Lac. Querquerus, %ierquedula. plebe Batuas hus Auguftalibus R changdmto L. aere conlato obtuli^ent remiffa W. A;UCvror, The Month of Fehrw aryi C.huevralj Ir. Faoillidh. conlationis inpenfa ipfe pons juf

^

AfoBf/^,Januarius. Vofs. The Cantabrians or Bifcaneers in

,

W.

Spain, -whofe Language is frefum'd to [& Engl.] Drummedari, Arm. ft,&cc. lb. p. 486. idj. Drameddl. he the Ancient Spanifh ; feem to teyond have affeiied the Letter Mer, Marrow; Arm. Mel. Solo PS W.Ardhurn, y??^//?i Ar.Alzurn. all other Europeans ; as we find by Restitvit. Reinefi-j-j. Fr. Erreur, chang'd into M. their New Tejiament in the Bodley Mtftake Ar Erryl. Barv Ir Skibol. Library \ ; wherin I ohj'erv'd that before Labial Letters ( and W. Skybor, in Latin words they frequently fomtimes L^ i/ithe names of Places W. Bciur, J^-'ater Crejfes, Ir. Bilar. into R. As, changd the L and GiiraA:, An Old Woman; Ir in Wales, is by the Engliih often Kallea;K. pronounc'd as M: As, Penvro, Pern Lat. Coelum, Cant Ceru. broke; Pcnlhyn, P'mhk; Pen bre, t Engl. Helcol, Hercules Brembr, Lat Angelus, Cant. Angerrua. a Bramble, &c. Pembre, &c. And the like changes Lac Oleiim , Cane Orioa. Lat. Argentum , Cant. Urreguria for eajier Pronunciation was alfo ui'd Lat. Tempora, Fr. Temples.

CONLA VM

R

N

W.

A A

N

N

,

;

W.

-,

Lat.

Anima, Cant. Arrimea.

N

by the Romans Tranfit in M, Lai. Fragare, Fr. Flairer. »t im- Lat. Mus, muris ; Fr. Mulot , &c. jequentibus B, 'v'c/M, -velV bibo, imbellis, imbutus, immineo, Lat. Peregrinus, Ital. Pelegrino, Auto. immitto, immotus, improbus, imEngl. Pilgrim. :

Lac. Senex,Sene, Cant. Sarra. towel. choTtg'd into

U

L

:

&

Neap. Lat. Arbor. Ital. Albero. Lat. Alter, ¥t. Autre, Ncap.Autro. perator, d^c Prilc L. 1. Lat. Alba, Fr. Aube, ficc. Lac. t Stannare, Fr. Ejlamer. Nin- Lat. Mercurii die, Ital MercoUi. Lat. Saltus, Neapol. Santo. nus, ninniario, Abgnard. Ninio Lat. Parabola, Span. Palabra. Lat.

Alms,

Fr.

Haut

;

I

K

chang'd into G. Ninionis, Mignon. Men ISS. .Antiq ] In Roman Infcriptions f Lat. Innotus, Jgnotus. Innavus, Ignavut. Lat. we frequently -meet with Quicumi quc, imfens, Dumta.xac, quamt Lat Innarus, ignarus. Noti eraitt (fr Navi cj* Nari ; quibus ciim In tus, and fuch like. proponi oporteret dulcius -jifum 5f</quicumque deus quicumque raIgnoci, Ignavi, ignari dicere qitam •V. Pjlatjl Leittrs premii'd. p. 9. col 5. ^ Jcfus Chnll gure Iiaoiieo, TettaBerria. Rochellan. IJ71. Sel4 T. Th. oaavo.

caberis heros.&cc. Fabr. p. 13+. B.

— Piiljimo imlanti, efrc quam vtneam

mencn 6.

** Vid.

M cbint'd

lb. zi;^. B.

vobis AugujlaliinttB. p. i;. col.

Hi

i.

Lat. Papyrus, Span. Papel.

Lat. Career, Span. Car eel

Lat Arbitrium, Span. Ahedrio. Lac.

Marmor, Sjwn Marmol.

; Liber, LiNiger, Nigel/us ; Pukher, Capra, Capel/a , Ca; ftrum, CafteUum Rallrum, Ra-

Lat. Cancer, Cancellus bellus

;

Pulchellus

;

Monllrum, MofleUum i YhgTum, Flagelium; Fnici,Fra-

flellum

i

Gr

TIT.

J2

Liquids tellus

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

I.

Change Of The

Obs.XXII.

Lh. L. Rh. R.

Vefperoncs, Vej^iUoves,

i

&c. Gr. A«6<«, Lat Lilium. Gr. Ke/Miw, Lat Clibams. Gr. naSjov, Lat. Faulum.

R Gr. Gr.

Aajeir, TijjjF,

chang'd ivto Lat.

Lat.

[Com.}

Have Trade And Com-

Domim.

ri?»f?-.

Lat

<r^

Sinificr.

R changd Into

S.

Gr.'Appnv, Attice"Ao<n)». ©«ffieAf»Sj

Att. Gitfim?.fti.

Att. K«5OT(, Ta'ffo;, Att. Tttfcrii. RoLat. Arbor ijcarbos; Robur bos, 'mhence Robuflus. Fed. K»pf)!,

&

Lat. Ardeo, .4^^. ^/Z TOor^f Vrimarily

hegivnlvg

with R, are afperated in the Welfli 7» ?^f

Greek;

^»^ we? by the

Corni(h,Armoric-Britans nor

W. Rheu, Frojt

;

Irifh

Corn. Reaui Ar.

Reo;

ir. Rio. Rhifg Rhifglin, The B.irk of a Tree; Corn. Risk.

&

W.

W.Rhod, AWheel; Corn Ros

W

A

Mauntahi-meedoTD or Rhos, Mofs Corn. Ros. To Ru?i Arm Redek. W. Rboi, To give ; Arm. Rei. ;

WRhedeg,

;

Rhybydh, IVarniugi

Ir.

Rab-

hadh.

W.Rhedyn,F^r»;

Ir.

Raith,Rai-

& Raithneach.

W.Rhuyv, A71 Oar,

There are alfo a great many Teutonic or Gothic words in the Britilli j but as we fie that the Latin

words therem, are but partly owing to the Roman Conqueft, fo wejbatl number Latin find that of thefe , very few have of Of Toords we find in the Welfh, Cor beot borrow'd from the Saxons nilh and Armoric, pari were doubt- whofi Language can not be fuppos'd lefs brought hither by the Firfi In- to have been tJjenfi Copious, as that habitants , long before the Romans of the Romani'z.'d Britans and much were a diflincl People a7id fuch we fewer, if any, from the Danes, who may fuppof thoje words that are fo had jiever any fittlement amongil Obvious and Necejfary, that a Lan- them. The vulgar err our in fippofguage may not want them even when ing mofi or allfiich Welfll words as a Nation is in the utmojl Simplicity, agree with the Englitli, to have been and Ignorance ; Such as, Avon, Am- receiv'd from that Latiguage, will nis; Auyr, Aer; Th ^Terra Mor, plainly appear to any that fi all peMare ; Mynydh, Mons Fynnon, rufe ^ Maunoir's Armr ric Vocabu Fons i Glauio, Pluo Ke{y\,Cabal- lary, where they' I find as mafiy fuch, lus i Ir. Each, Equas Taru, Tau- as in Dr. Davies's Welfli DiSlwnarus; Byuch,F<if(r«; Hurdh, .^r/«; ry, which yet could 7iot have been Davad, Ovis ; Oen, Agnus Gavar, borrow'd from the Englifli, y?«wg Capra; Lhaeth, LaBe; Pvfc, Pi- ( as is agreed upon, by the Inhabitants of both Countreys ) they left fcis. &c. Another part was borrow'd from this ifland before the Saxons were the Romans when they reduced this call' d in. As to the Migration of Coujitrey under their SubjeiiioK, and thofe of the Ifland {/ay s an Aimointroduced together with their Arms ric Hfiorian ) into Gaul-Bretagne, a more Polite or Civil Co?iverfation, its lufficiently attefl:ed that alter and divers Fafl}ions as well as Arts the Birth of Co7ifiantine there; and Sciences, to which the People be- Three Colonies of Note have ing Strangers J fuch of thein as were come over into our Bretag7ie One Converfant with the RomSins, found in the time of the faid Co7iftanti!ie, it necejfary to addfeveral words to about the year 313. Another with their Language, which are doubt lefs Max'nnus in the year 985. And a not only retam'd to this day by us, Third under Confia7itine the Tybut were alfo very early communi- rant, An. ^op \. whereas the time cated to our Neighbours the Extra- of the Saxons coming over, was al^C.

:

Ir

Rava, &c

;

;

-,

-,

-,

:

provincial Britans

and Scots

who bout

j

feems probable that they have alfo added much more to them alfo ajj>erated the JnittalW former- as will appear upon perufal of the ly i as we fnd the Old Englifli did, Iridi Dictionary , the Scotidi Nain thefe foUowing words and ma?iy tion having bee?i ( whilfl the ufe of it prevail' d) behitid none in Cultimore Roe- vating their Language. Of this SeHraen, t Engl.Rha-deor buck i q.d. /I Roe-deer: rhaege, condfirt we may probably reckonfuch words as Albalafter, Arcubalifla a Roe. Aliun, Almius ; Ammhrydh, Imt Eng] Rhaed, Ready. prudens ; Araith araud, Oratio Raven Engl. Hraefen, ; Hreft Anes-Ieac, Orchis or Satirion, q.d. Argymmhenny, Argumentari ftrys, Aufierus; Aftyd, Studiofus Raven's Tjeek.

But

Pentecojle; Vd.(g,Pafcha,

&c.

;

'Ae^iifky

thiii,

XXIIl.

Words

the great

Lat. Quernus, Fr. chef7ie.

W.

OBSERVAT.

FoRREiGN Words Introduc'd By Conquest: Or Borrow'd From Those Nations With Whom merce,

Feft.

d-;

FoRREiGN Introduced, (^c.

We

N.

Gr. Tn(ia, Lat. 7>»fo. Gr. nA«f«s. Lat. Plenm. Gr."A7wgj(, Lat. Angina. Seal.

Gr.

Obs. XXIII.

N.

Ruber, RubeAo ; Sacer,

;

SaceUu7»

,

;;;

;

.

&

&

A

.

&

A

-,

;

the year

jj.j'o

**.

Thatfinall part 0/ Cornwall thai

-,

it

the Britifll and thofe of Wales, that border upon England, a great ma7iy Englifli words d'lfufe

retains

own Terminatiofis ; but as fuch are only us'd by the Borderers , Jo they have been almofi wholy omitted by Salsbury andX^i.vies in their Dictionaries, and are not apply' d to uje by any Writers excepting Jome ignora7tt Rimers.

guis'd with their

-,

A

Auydhys, Avidus ; Bloefg, Bloefus Rug. hramfan, Ram- Brad , Prodo ; Kaeth , Captivus t Engl. Hramfa fins or broad leav'dmldGarlick. Knis, S^iiefior i Ksi\hor, Ca/darium Ruck or Heap. Pcdheltr, Pedefler; Kebyftr, CafEngl. Hreac, piflruin ; Lhyryg, Lorica , &c. t Engl. Hreaw, Raw. Third fort o/" Latin words in the BriTo Engl Hregnan, Rain. t tifli , are Terms of Divinity introt Engl. Hrendan, To Rend. duced into that Language ( as i?ito Reed. f Engl. Hreode, all others) with Chrifiianity ; and t Engl. Hreopandune, The Town of much augmented fmce. Thefe are Jo Reppingdon in Jiarby-Jliire t Engl, Hracgl,

A

A

fEngl. Hreowan, To rue or

re-

Obvious, that even any flranger may As, Egluys,

readily dijlinguifl) them.

pent.

A A

or Hoar-frofi.

Ri«g, a circle. t Engl. Hnng, Rook. t Engl. Hroc Sc Hrooc, Roof. t Engl. Hrof,

Rh

the Welfl), to Latin.

:,

A

t Engl. Hrim, Rime

Some Cornifli Words jiearer then

-,

&

A

Ecclefia;

hor

,

Temmel, Temp km

Altare

;

Efgob

;

A\-

Epifcopus

,

&

The Damnonian andother Southern Britans,

on account of their

more C07iverfant with the it's not adm'ird iffever a I Latin words

J'eque7itly

Korrans than we of Wales, to be * *

'

cinq

Le Sacre College de Icfiis divife en clafles, ou I'on cnfeigneen langue

Armorique

les lecons Chrtftiennes avec les % Cirfs pour y entrer, un Diflionnaire une Grammairc S/ntaxc en mcmeiangue. Par le R. P. JulienMausoir

* '

&

' :,

Sagart [Ir. tEngl.] Sacerdos Pref^ethur, Pradicator y Drindod,

-,

-,

bei7ig

Situation earlier C07iquer'd, a7id con-

• •

de

la

Compagnie de

L""'"".

oaavo Anno

Jcfus,

.A §.*""{"

idj-p.

de Bretagne par D*" Argentre. 4- Hilt, Weldi, is Trinitas, Evenj^il , Evangelium; Merthyr , Martyr pag 1. chang'd into R As rhuyd, a Net Sant, Sanltus **A.ccccLV. Hep HenjjejT •} yn rhedeg , Ru>i- Wlymxi -l^ofi^chus ; Abad, Abbas 1 ruyd, his Net ning ; I redeg, to Run yn rhuyftro, Bcndith, Benediffio; Bedydhio, Ba- Hojij-a puhcon pi's Pyji-jeaiine Hindering ; I ruyftro , to Hinder , ptize; Kyflegry, Confecro; Kym- I'am cyninj:,e. in (ixpe jcope \e ly myn, Communio ynid y grauis , crcten ./Egekj^ojiS , <^c. Chron. &C.

The

Initial

in the

;

;

;

;

;

Initium

quaJrageffima

;

Penkaft Sax.

-

.

TIT.I.

,

COMPARATIVE ETYMOLOGY.

33

Obs. XXIII. Forreign Words Obs. XXIH. Forreign Words Obs. XXUl. FoRREioN Words Introduced, &c.

Introduced, &c.

Introduced, &c.

A Firrec, Fraret; Karlum. Cornilh and Armoric A. Kim^T Cannabis ; KyuarA;. Dialeiis not orcn'd by us j fame of A. Fuen, Famim; Guair. To Trot, Trff/fr; Tithio. which are thefi allowing A. 'Z,hcncvr,Juniperus; Eithinviu. A Berry or Barrow [ Hillock ] Bern Tuyn, bcllan, brvnJcyn. A. Priiyn, Pruna Eirin. Corn. Splander, L. Splendor ; A Toad, TuiTcg i l.hyfanc'dy. Gloiudcr,Dilgleirdcb, Eglyrder, A. Brenk, Branchix ; Kragcn. An Adder, ^«- Ncidir. Golx. A L'abus, Ai'ts ; Aderyn. Q. A Buzard, Byzard j 15od. A. Urs, Vrfus; Arth. C.Glihi, L. G/<i<r/Wi W.Ia. Vnnx. A. l^iinigl, Cuniculus ; Kuningcn. ACock,K«^; KeiJiog. C. Plos, L. Pulvis; A Quail, a;«<7/; SovJ-iar, Rhingk. Ar. Panez, S W. Pannas, \.'R.ln, Rana ; Lhyfant. L.Pafinacai /atifo/ia] N. W. A.Spezart, Spado; Kephyl Dil- A Herring, Artngk Penhuirm , baidh. Moron gunnion, Lhylix GuydSkadcnyii. helig. A.Kurrauter, Curfor; Rhedcg- A Salmon, Sayxmon ; Glcifiad coi; A Face, Fas Uyneb. var;e. C. 'Zaban,L. Sapmus ; W. Fynnid.'\ The Shoulder B'lade,PAj»*f» sioas, wydh. Ackl, Aquila; Eryr. q. d. Shoulder Plankj W. TryC. Kranag, Rana , W. Lhyfent A Fokun, Falcone ; Gual;t. l)cdh yr yfguydh. melyn. A. Sin, Cr^w«^ J Alar;:. columbarium, KloThe Klvmmiar, Flank, Tul F/ani iTyncuyn. A. Rca,R.j.<i Morkath. ; C. mendy. A. Angillicn, Acus marina j Mor- Frizld, Frizet Kry^. A Mefs ; Mys ; Saig. C Legalt, Locufta [ marina ] Kim- nodwydh. occur in the

A