4Health # 228, December Issue by MooPublishing

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7 TIPS

TO HELP YOU SURVIVE HOLIDAY STRESS

COLD WEATHER

MAKES FOOT INJURIES MORE LIKELY!

DEBUNKING

ANTI-VACCINATION MYTHS

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“4Health” is an editorial-based medical magazine (the "Magazine") provided by Moo Publishing Corp. and by other sources. DISCLAIMER This Magazine is for consumer educational use only. Nothing contained in this Magazine is or should be considered, or used, as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. The opinions in this Magazine are here to educate consumers on health care and medical issues that may affect consummers’ daily lives. This Magazine does not constitute the practice of any medical, nursing or other professional health care advice, diagnosis or treatment. The Magazine advises readers to always seek the advice of a physician or other qualified health care provider with any questions regarding personal health or medical conditions. Never disregard, avoid or delay obtaining medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read in this Magazine. If you have, or

suspect that you may have, a medical problem or condition, please contact a qualified health care professional immediately. If you are in the United States and are experiencing a medical emergency, please dial 911 or call for emergency medical help on the nearest telephone. WARRANTIES AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY We do not make any expressed or implied warranties, representations or endorsements of any kind whatsoever with regard to the magazine, or with respect to any information, product, service, merchandise or other material provided in or through the magazine. We do not warrant or guarantee the accuracy, completeness, correctness, timeliness or usefulness of any information, products, services, merchandise or other material provided throughout the magazine. We are not liable to any reader or anyone else for any decision made or action taken based on their reliance upon the information contained in this magazine. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

PA I N M E D

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7 Tips to Help You Survive Holiday Stress

It’s Coming…Are you Relaxed or Not?

11 8

15 16

Our Children Still in Severe Danger of Disease

Childhood Obesity Continues to Increase

24 26

Is It a Heart Attack or Are You Panicking? How to Tell if You’re Experiencing a Panic Attack

Debunking Anti-Vaccination Myths

Heart Disease Risk Not Tied to Percentages Alone

WHY CAN’T I BREATHE RIGHT? Medical Conditions that Can Cause Shortness of Breath

WHY AM I SPOTTING BETWEEN PERIODS? When Uterine Fibroids May be to Blame

TOO MANY WOMEN SUFFERING IN SILENCE Why You Should Talk to Your Doctor about Vaginal Dryness

9 MEDICAL TESTS RECOMMENDED FOR WOMEN IN THEIR 30S Are You Up to Date?

WHAT’S CAUSING YOUR BELLY FAT? By Dr. Prab R. Tumpati

WHAT’S CAUSING MY EYES TO BURN? Sometimes, It’s Not Dust or Allergies

WHY YOU MAY WANT TO TRY ACUPUNCTURE FOR PAIN RELIEF Practice Becoming More Popular in America

GIVE YOURSELF THE GIFT OF YOUTH THIS HOLIDAY

WHAT TO DRINK? BEVERAGES THAT HELP OR HURT YOUR HEALTH

31 To Parents Afraid of Vaccinations

HOW EFFICIENT IS YOUR HDL?

Advanced Technology Actually Reverses the Signs of Aging

Soft Drinks Are Making Us Fat—Healthier Alternatives

CAN COOLSCULPTING REALLY GET RID OF BELLY FAT? Best Candidates for the Procedure

HELP FOR PAINFUL LEGS

HOW TO FIGHT POST-MENOPAUSAL WEIGHT GAIN

PAD OFTEN MISDIAGNOSED IN OLDER WOMEN

Prevent Foot Injuries with These Exercises

Cold Weather Makes Foot Injuries More Likely!

A Talk with Dr. Leon Stepensky, Podiatrist and Foot Specialist

Four Proven Steps You Can Take For Long-Term Weight Loss

Symptoms to Watch Out For

YOU NEED THE SLEEP—BUT SHOULD YOU TAKE A PILL? Risks and Benefits of Sleeping Pills

FREQUENT URINATION AND BLADDER CYSTS They’re Rare and They’re Not Usually Serious

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7 TIPS TO HELP YOU SURVIVE HOLIDAY STRESS IT’S COMING…ARE YOU RELAXED OR NOT? ■■■ By Colleen M. Story It’s that time of year again. Are you feeling stressed out? People in the U.S. usually feel their stress levels increase during the holidays. Women are more likely than men to report being stressed, perhaps because they feel more responsible for holiday meals and celebrations. Lower-middle income individuals report feeling stress from

work plus the seasonal rush of trying to get everything done, say nothing about worries about money and having to spend for holiday gifts. In a 2015 survey by Healthline, 62 percent of respondents described their stress levels as “very or somewhat” elevated during the holidays, with only 10 percent reporting no stress during the season. If you’re one of those stressed people, you may wonder if there’s any way you can find some relief. Fortunately, we have some tips for you. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH 7 WAYS TO SURVIVE THE STRESS OF THE HOLIDAY SEASON 1. Keep the same eating and sleeping schedule. As much as you can, keep going to bed and getting up at the same times, and keep eating at the same times. Sleep is critical to stress management, and a good night’s sleep can go a long way in helping you to tackle your to-do list the next day. Your regular diet, too, can keep your emotions calm, whereas eating different foods (particularly if they’re full of fat and sugar) at weird times can throw off your system, and make you more vulnerable to stress. 2. Keep exercising. Exercise is one of the best ways out there to relieve stress, so don’t skip it. Even if you don’t have time for your regular workout, get outside and take a walk if you can, or jog up and down the stairs a few times. 3. Keep some time to yourself. Many of us can feel pulled in one direction and then another during the holidays. There are family parties, work parties, gifts to get for all sorts of different people, meals to cook, wrapping to be done, and more. It can all get overwhelming. Make sure you pencil in at least 30 minutes each day for yourself. Use that time to go to the park, spend some time with a beloved pet, engage in a craft or hobby you enjoy, or simply take a nice relaxing drive. 4. Set a spending budget. Much of that holiday stress comes from worrying about finances. Try setting a spending budget as early as possible, and then stick to it. Decide how much you’re going to spend on each person, then get creative. Gifts don’t have to be expensive to be cherished. Even a $5 gift card to somewhere the person enjoys shopping can be just the thoughtful touch that makes their day.

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5. Keep it simple. If you’re hosting relatives in your home, try not to get too carried away. The decorations, food, table settings, and bedding don’t all have to be perfect, and trying to make them that way can increase your stress. How can you simplify things and still make it enjoyable for everyone? Ask this question in every area where you’re feeling overwhelmed, then take action to simplify and reduce the number of tasks you have to complete. 6. Consider setting new traditions. If you’ve lost a loved one, or your kids have moved away, or your family has changed in some other way, holding onto old traditions can actually be more stressful than comforting. Consider what you’ve got in your life today, and ask yourself if it’s time to set some new traditions. Maybe dinner out with your partner would be more fun, now that the kids are gone. Maybe a day volunteering to help in food shelters or hospitals would be a nice alternative if the house seems too empty. Or if you’re lonely, maybe you could host a dinner for friends. Use your imagination to find new ways to enjoy this time. 7. Go off the grid. Cell phones and computers can be beneficial, but they can also cause a lot of stress. Commit with your loved ones to go “tech-free” for at least one day or even one week over the holidays. You may be amazed at how much stress this one step relieves! SOURCE “Holiday Stress,” Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research, December 12, 2006, https://www.apa.org/news/press/ releases/2006/12/holiday-stress.pdf. Scott Edwards, “Holiday Stress and the Brain,” Harvard Mahoney Neuroscience Institute, http://neuro.hms.harvard.edu/harvard-mahoney-neuroscience-institute/brain-newsletter/and-brain-series/holiday-stress-and-brain.

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HOW EFFICIENT IS YOUR HDL? HEART DISEASE RISK NOT TIED TO PERCENTAGES ALONE

■■■ Colleen M. Story After several years of having it hammered into our heads, we’ve got it—for optimal cardiovascular health, it’s best to have low levels of LDL “bad” cholesterol, and high levels of HDL “good” cholesterol. According to the American Heart Association, it’s best if the LDL is less than 200, the HDL is 60 or higher, and the ratio of the two above 0.3, with the ideal HDL/LDL ratio being above 0.4. With these facts in mind, we go armed to our doctor’s appointments with numbers in our heads, and come out either feeling great about our health—or carrying lists of lifestyle changes and cholesterol-lowering prescriptions. Well, who said science was perfect? Certainly not scientists, and one recent study shows that maybe things aren’t as clear-cut as we’ve been led to believe. In other words, a low HDL may not be as bad as we thought.

THE WORKINGS OF CHOLESTEROL Of course, the reason we’re all concerned with cholesterol in the first place is because it can clog up in our arteries, much like grease can clog up a kitchen drain. The eventual result is atherosclerosis—a gradual hardening, thickening, and narrowing of the arteries, which can increase blood pressure, contribute to heart disease, and set up the conditions for a blood clot which can cause a heart attack or stroke. It’s the LDL cholesterol that builds up in arteries, but it’s the HDL that determines whether or not that happens. HDL cholesterol works to clear LDL from the bloodstream—sort of like a blood cholesterol transit system. When it’s working well and the body has enough

of it, it manages to keep the arteries clear of excess LDL cholesterol. When there is more LDL than HDL, however—according to what science has said up until now—the HDL gets bogged down and just can’t handle it all. At least, that’s what we were taught to think. But now, according to a new study, HDL numbers may not be as important to heart health as HDL efficiency. So, how well is your HDL working?

YOU NEED EFFICIENT HDL Research recently published in The New England Journal of Medicine reports that the amount of HDL in the body may be less important than how well it’s working to get rid of the LDL. In other words, a high HDL level doesn’t necessarily mean a lower risk of heart disease.1 “I see plenty of people who have heart disease but who also have high levels of HDL,” said Dr. Robert Eckel, former president of the American Heart Association.2 “This study may suggest their HDL isn’t working properly to carry out its function.”

In the study, the researchers gauged the cholesterol-removing effectiveness of each person’s HDL, and found that those who had the most efficient HDL had healthier artery walls. In other words, HDL’s effectiveness was a better predictor of heart disease than how much was in the body. Is there any way you can increase the efficiency of your HDL? At the moment, scientists don’t know. As this is relatively new information, the only thing we can take away for now is that having a low HDL may not be such a bad thing, depending on how well it’s working. However, until we know more how to measure its effectiveness, you’re still more likely to beat the odds if you take up some habits that will raise your HDL level. Commit to a regular exercise program, lose weight if you’re overweight, get plenty of fiber in your diet, and consider a fish-oil supplement. In addition, some foods help raise HDL levels, like fatty fish (salmon, tuna), raw nuts, whole eggs, onions, dark leafy greens, and oat bran. The best approach, however, in light of this new information, is to live your life as healthy as you can. Numbers can help doctors determine how you’re doing, but the best way to keep your heart healthy is to approach it from a number of angles, from diet to activity to stress-lowering to regular doctor checkups. There is no one magic bullet, but several everyday healthy habits can help you live a longer life. REFERENCES 1 Amit V. Khera, Marina Chuchel, et al. Cholesterol Eflux Capacity, High-Density Lipoprotein Function, and Atherosclerosis. New England Journal of Medicine January 13, 2011; 364: 127-135. 2 Neil Katz. Cholesterol Picture Gets Cloudy: How to Stay Heart Healthy? January 13, 2011. CBS News Healthwatch. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301504763_162-2002839910391704.html.

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WHY CAN’T I BREATHE RIGHT?

MEDICAL CONDITIONS THAT CAN CAUSE SHORTNESS OF BREATH ■■■

by Morgan Rice

Not being able to breathe normally is one of the most frightening experiences humans can face. We depend on oxygen to live, and even a slight constriction in the breathing process can be enough to cause panic. If you feel that you can’t quite take a full breath — and it’s a feeling that lasts for more than a few minutes, or tends to recur frequently — talk to your doctor. Many different conditions may cause this feeling, and it’s important to check to be sure everything is working correctly.

12 MEDICAL CONDITIONS THAT CAUSE SHORTNESS OF BREATH OR “DYSPNEA” The feeling like you can’t get in a full breath of air is called “dyspnea,” or shortness of breath. You may feel a tightness in the chest, and sense that you’re not getting the air you need into your system. Sometimes, it’s a passing feeling caused by strenuous exercise, overweight and obesity, high altitudes, or extreme temperatures. But other times, there’s something medically wrong. Particularly if the dyspnea seems severe, or seems to come on suddenly without easing up, it’s important to see the doctor immediately. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

Some of the most common causes of medically associated dyspnea include the following: 1. Anaphylaxis: This is an extreme allergic reaction that can be deadly without immediate treatment. The airways constrict in response to exposure to an allergen. 2. Anxiety: When anxiety becomes extreme, such as during a panic attack, it can cause shortness of breath. Symptoms usually ease up within 10 minutes or so. 3. Arrhythmia: Heart rhythm problems — where the heart beats too fast, too slow, or with an irregular rhythm — often cause no symptoms at all, but they can sometimes cause occasional shortness of breath, along with lightheadedness and dizziness. 4. Asthma: This chronic disease of the airways can cause swelling and inflammation, often in response to an allergen, pollution, smoke, or exercise. 5. Carbon monoxide poisoning: This occurs when a person is exposed to carbon monoxide gas, which has no smell or taste. People can’t tell when they’re breathing it, but it can be fatal. 6. COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease): This disease, often caused by smoking, inflames the lung tissues and makes breathing difficult. 7. Collapsed lung: Because of a chest injury, underlying lung disease, or medical procedure, air leaks into the space between the

lung and chest wall. That air pushes on the lung and causes it to collapse. The condition requires immediate emergency care. 8. Heart failure/heart attack: This occurs when the heart doesn’t pump blood as it should to the rest of the body. It’s a serious condition requiring treatment. A heart attack and fluid around the heart can also cause dyspnea. 9. Hiatal hernia: This occurs when the upper part of the stomach bulges through the large muscle separating the abdomen and chest. Small hiatal hernias often cause no symptoms, but larger ones can cause shortness of breath. These do not require emergency care but talk to your doctor about symptoms. 10. Lung cancer: When cancer develops in the lungs, it can eventually cause dyspnea. In its early stages, the condition may cause no symptoms, but later on, it can create hoarseness, frequent chest infections, lingering cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath. 11. Obesity: Excess weight creates pressure on the lungs and can make it more difficult to breathe easily. 12. Pulmonary embolism: This occurs when a blood clot — often from the lower legs — moves up into the lung, blocking blood flow. It requires immediate emergency treatment or it can be deadly.

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WHY AM I SPOTTING BETWEEN PERIODS? WHEN UTERINE FIBROIDS MAY BE TO BLAME

Celia was worried. Usually, she had a few problems with her periods. Sure, they’d make her a little tired sometimes, and occasionally it seemed she had more headaches during that time of the month, but otherwise, they’d never caused her any concern…until now. Over the last several months, Celia had noticed increased spotting between periods. She didn’t think much about it at first, but then it started getting worse, and she developed pelvic pain along with it. She didn’t know what was going on, but one thing she did know was that it wasn’t normal. If you, like Celia, notice more spotting and pain between periods, check with your gynecologist. It may be nothing to worry about, but it could also be uterine fibroids. If so, there is a minimally invasive treatment that could help you feel better.

WHAT CAUSES SPOTTING BETWEEN PERIODS? Celia was right that bleeding or spotting between periods is not considered normal. Fortunately, most of the time it’s not serious. Here are several potential causes: Hormonal contraceptives: Particularly during the first few months of use, these may cause bleeding between periods. Miscarriage: This can occur anytime during pregnancy. Bleeding can be an early sign. Conception: Some women have spotting shortly after becoming pregnant. Sexually transmitted diseases (STIs): Some of these can cause bleeding and spotting between periods. Injury: If the vagina is dry or if sexual intercourse is rough, it can damage the vaginal tissues, causing bleeding. Menopause: During menopause or in the period leading up to it, hormone levels change, which can cause irregular periods, spotting, and heavy bleeding. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): This condition is caused by a hormonal imbalance and can result in spotting. Endometriosis: This disorder of the uterine tissue can cause heavy periods or bleeding between periods. Cancer: Though rare, vaginal bleeding between periods may be a sign of cervical or uterine cancer.

The symptoms women experience depend on the location, size, and the number of fibroids present. Sometimes they can cause problems with conception and fertility, and other times they can lead to constipation or frequent urination. Scientists aren’t sure what causes fibroids to grow, but they know that it has something to do with the female reproductive hormones estrogen and progesterone. After menopause, when levels of these hormones drop, uterine fibroids tend to shrink and go away. There are certain risk factors for uterine fibroids, including the following: ■ Race — African Americans are significantly more likely to develop fibroids ■ A family history of uterine fibroids ■ PCOS ■ High blood pressure ■ Earlier age of first menstruation

USA FIBROID CENTERS CAN HELP If you have bleeding and spotting between periods as well as some of the other symptoms mentioned above, you may have uterine fibroids. USA Fibroid Centers can help. With offices all over the nation, including Florida, California, Illinois, and New York, they have doctors highly experienced in uterine fibroid treatment. Call today at 718–504–6525 or go to www.USAFibroidCenters.com to schedule a consultation.

WHAT SPOTTING MEANS UTERINE FIBROIDS For middle-aged women of childbearing age, spotting and bleeding between periods is often a sign of uterine fibroids. These are benign (noncancerous) growths in the uterine wall. Often they don’t cause any symptoms, but if they grow large or plentiful, they may cause pelvic pain and pressure, urinary incontinence, heavy bleeding, and bleeding and spotting between periods. Particularly if the fibroids are located within the uterine cavity or near the uterine lining, they can cause excessive bleeding and spotting. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

(718) 504-6525 www.USAFibroidCenters.com

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TOO MANY WOMEN SUFFERING IN SILENCE

WHY YOU SHOULD TALK TO YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT VAGINAL DRYNESS ■■■ by Morgan Rice Vaginal dryness and pain affect many women on a day-to-day basis. It’s a chronic medical condition that reduces the quality of life, yet many women are too embarrassed to ask their doctors about it. Estimates are that half or more of postmenopausal women suffer from it, and some healthcare providers think that estimate is low. Fortunately, you don’t have to suffer in silence. There are treatments for this condition that can ease the pain and get you back to enjoying your life.

WHAT IS VAGINAL DRYNESS? Vaginal dryness is most often a symptom of menopause and perimenopause (the period before menopause). As the hormones shift in the body, estrogen drops. Estrogen is the female reproductive hormone, and it usually helps keep vaginal tissue healthy and lubricated. As the body produces less of it, vaginal dryness may result, along with other symptoms like thinning tissues, itching, burning, and pain. Vaginal dryness can affect younger women too, including: ■ Nursing moms (lower estrogen levels during childbirth and nursing can cause dryness) ■ Women who have undergone a hysterectomy (the surgery affects hormone levels)

■ Women

who regularly use hygiene products like feminine sprays and harsh soaps, or who regularly douche ■ Swimmers who are frequently exposed to chlorine and hot tub chemicals ■ Women who are not aroused during sex Some medications, too, including cold and allergy medications and depressants, may lead to vaginal dryness.

HOW TO TREAT VAGINAL DRYNESS If you’re suffering from vaginal dryness, it’s important to talk to your gynecologist about it. Over time, without treatment, the condition can lead to tissue damage, more consistent irritation and pain, and even bleeding. There is absolutely no reason for you to be uncomfortable, as treatments are often very simple. The first step is to restore lubrication and moisture to the area. Doctors usually suggest you begin with non-hormone products like “Replens,” a vaginal moisturizer that provides immediate relief and long-lasting hydration. Other over-the-counter moisturizers may also be helpful, and some have reported positive benefits from vitamin E. (Puncture the gel cap then place the gel in the vagina.) Next, use lubricants when having sex, and work with your partner to take more time before intercourse. This will allow your natural lubrication to work as well as possible. If these two approaches don’t solve the problem, your doctor may recommend low-

dose estrogen preparations. These work by restoring and thickening of the vaginal tissues and by increasing vaginal secretions and lubrication. These preparations usually come in three different forms: Tablets: These small tablets are inserted into the vagina once a week. Creams: These are also inserted into the vagina and can be used on the surrounding tissue as well. You can use more or less of the cream, allowing you to control the “dose” of hormone applied. Rings: These are flexible rings that are inserted into the vagina once every three months. They continuously release small doses of estrogen. Women don’t have to remember to continue to apply a weekly product. Some women may be concerned about using hormones. Estrogen exposure from the use of these products, however, is much lower than with hormone pills taken orally, and do not carry the same risks of blood clots. Studies have also indicated that there is no increased risk of uterine cancer with these products for up to five years at least. (We’re waiting for more long-term data.) You and your doctor can determine which treatment options are best for you. Try not to be afraid to talk to your gynecologist about the issue. It’s extremely common and your doctor will be happy to help. SOURCES Stenberg A, Heimer G, Ulmsten U, et al. Prevalence of genitourinary and other climacteric symptoms in 61-year-old women. Mauritius. 1996;24:31–36.

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9 MEDICAL TESTS RECOMMENDED FOR WOMEN IN THEIR 30S ARE YOU UP TO DATE? ■■■ Lynn Merrell Keeping track of the medical tests and screenings you should get every year can be difficult, especially since the national health recommendations are often changing to reflect the latest research findings affecting public health. If you’re a woman in her thirties, here are some general guidelines on the tests you may want to discuss with your doctor.

TESTS TO DETECT POTENTIAL HEART DISEASE Heart disease is still the number one killer of all American women. The earlier you can detect potential signs of heart disease, the better you’ll be able to control those symptoms and potentially prevent yourself from suffering a heart attack or stroke. Blood Pressure: Get this checked at least every two years while you’re in your 30s. If your readings are abnormal, check it every year. 120/80 is considered normal. 130/85 is high normal, and 140/90 is borderline high. Anything above that is considered high blood pressure, and should be controlled either through medications or lifestyle changes. Blood Cholesterol: High cholesterol is a risk factor for heart disease because it increases the risk of plaque sticking to your arteries and narrowing them enough to cause a blood clot. Less than 100 total LDL “bad” cholesterol is optimal, but you can go up to 129 and still be near optimal. 130-159 is borderline high, and above 160 is high. Your triglycerides will also be measured—less than 150 is considered normal. HDL “good” cholesterol is considered optimal when it’s 60 or above. Less than 50 in women is considered a factor for heart disease. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

THYROID TEST Estimates are that about 20 million Americans suffer from thyroid disorders, and many of them are not aware of it. According to the American Medical Women’s Association, about one in eight women will have the disorder during their lifetime. An underactive thyroid can lead to weight gain, while an overactive one can lead to autoimmune disease. The test is a simple blood test. Most medical professionals suggest you get the test starting at age 35, or earlier if you have symptoms like changes in mood, weight, sleep habits, and cholesterol levels.

SKIN CANCER TESTING People who had sunburns before the age of 18 and those with family members who have suffered skin cancer are more likely to get it themselves. Do a self-exam every month looking for asymmetrical moles that are larger than a pencil eraser, or that have an irregular border or color. Get yearly checkups with your dermatologist for a full-body exam.

PAP SMEAR This screening, performed by your gynecologist, checks for the presence of any abnormal cells in the cervix, which could lead to cervical cancer. The doctor takes a tiny sample of cervical tissue and then the laboratory examines it to look for any cancerous cells or cells that may become cancerous. If the test comes back with abnormal results, the doctor may follow up with an HPV test. The human papilloma virus (HPV), which is known to cause cervical cancer, can further support a doctor’s diagnosis. Caught early, cervical cancer is extremely curable. Women over 30 with three consecutive “normal” results may wait three years between tests.

RON TEST Are you getting enough iron in your diet? Is your body utilizing it correctly? If you feel sluggish or have excess fatigue, you may want to ask your doctor for a simple blood test to see if you could be low on iron. Low levels can cause iron deficiency anemia, which can cause shortness of breath, chest pain, and other symptoms.

BREAST SELF EXAM Though the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently changed their recommendations to advise women to quit breast selfexams, many doctors still recommend them. Though self-exams have not proven to reduce cancer-related deaths, many women find lumps when checking their breasts themselves.

MAMMOGRAM The recommendations on mammograms have also changed. The USPTSF states they don’t reduce the number of deaths from breast cancer, and shouldn’t begin until a woman turns 50, but the American Cancer Society recommends one at least every three years for women in their 30s. Most doctors recommend you go by your risk factors—if you have a mother or sister with breast cancer, you have the BRCA1 or BRCA 2 genes, are overweight, or drink a lot of alcohol, you may want to start mammograms earlier.

STD SCREENINGS If you are sexually active and have had multiple partners, or if you are with someone new, get tested annually for Chlamydia and gonorrhea, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) that can cause pelvic inflammatory disease. The test is simple and similar to the Pap smear.

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OUR CHILDREN STILL IN SEVERE DANGER OF DISEASE CHILDHOOD OBESITY CONTINUES TO INCREASE ■■■ by Colleen M. Story The young people of the United States are in danger. According to recent research, childhood obesity is increasing at shocking rates, putting our kids at risk for type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and more. We all hoped that new initiatives, increased public awareness, and updated weight-loss programs would help, but according to the most recent data, kids are still struggling mightily with their weight. What more can we do?

OBESITY STILL INCREASING AMONG CHILDREN AND TEENS Scientists from the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health looked at data from five studies involving over 41,000 children and

adults, and found that the majority of today’s children (57.3 percent) will be obese at the age of 35, and roughly half of them will reach that projected weight while they’re still children. Obesity is defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or more. That’s not even counting those kids who are overweight, which is also dangerous. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that the percentage of children and teens affected by obesity has more than tripled since the 1970s. Data from 2015–2016 show that nearly 1 in 5 school-age children and young people in the U.S. are obese. There seemed to be a leveling off in 2014—too many kids were still overweight and obese, but the trend appeared to stop shooting upward. But then later studies showed that this was an illusion and that 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH the obesity prevalence did not decrease for any age group between 1999 and 2016.

WHAT CAUSES OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN CHILDREN? Many factors work together to create an overweight or obese child. These include the following: Genetics: Some genes are associated with overweight. If an immediate family member struggles with obesity, that increases the risk for overweight in the child. Diet: Sugar-sweetened beverages, sugary treats, and processed foods are all linked with weight gain. Unhealthy dietary patterns are linked to childhood weight gain and lifelong weight management problems. Activity: Young people today spend a lot of time in front of their televisions, computers, tablets, and phones, and often fail to get enough physical exercise. Sleep: We now understand that sleep plays a critical role in maintaining a healthy weight, but many young people aren’t getting the sleep they need. Excessive activities, use of technology at night, and stress can all cause sleep problems. Overweight and obesity in children increases the risk for high blood pressure and high cholesterol, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, asthma, sleep apnea, joint pain, gallstones, fatty liver disease, and gastroesophageal reflux. Childhood obesity is also related to anxiety, depression, social problems like bullying, and low selfesteem.

HOW TO HELP CHILDREN MAINTAIN A HEALTHY WEIGHT For children who are already overweight and obese, it’s best to direct treatment to the entire family, not just one child. The home environment and family support are important factors when addressing

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childhood weight gain. If only one child is trying to make changes, it’s unlikely to be successful. It works much better if the entire family commits to a healthier lifestyle. The first step is to establish weight maintenance — in other words, stop the weight gain. If you can do this, the child may naturally “grow into their weight” as they age. Then follow these tips to help everyone in the family maintain a healthy weight. ■ Eat as a family. Sit down to at least one healthy meal a day. Banish

cell phones and other gadgets from the table. ■ Limit eating out or getting take-out food. Try to cook at home

more often. ■ Keep televisions, cell phones, computers, and tablets out of the

bedroom. ■ Allow eating in front of the television only on celebratory occa-

sions. It should not be a common occurrence. ■ Have a special family time each day that involves physical activity.

Walk the dog together, take a bike ride, play a game of catch, or head out to the park with your Frisbee. ■ Limit high-calorie foods in the home. Cut back on high-fat, high sugary foods, and have healthier snacks readily available. ■ Talk to your doctor about programs available to treat childhood obesity, and about other resources that may help. SOURCES CDC. (2019, April 29). Obesity Facts | Healthy Schools | CDC. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/obesity/facts.htm Ludwig, D. S. (2018, March 1). Epidemic Childhood Obesity: Not Yet the End of the Beginning. Retrieved from https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/141/3/e20174078#ref-1 ZJ, W., MW, L., SC, R., CM, G., AL, C., & SL, G. (2018). Simulation of Growth Trajectories of Childhood Obesity into Adulthood. Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology. doi:10.1530/ey.15.11.1

4HEALTH

IS IT A HEART ATTACK OR ARE YOU PANICKING?

HOW TO TELL IF YOU’RE EXPERIENCING A PANIC ATTACK ■■■ by Colleen M. Story

■ Major life transitions — moving, getting a new job, getting mar-

Romana couldn’t breathe. She was sitting at the dining room table, her heart racing, and she couldn’t breathe. She called out to her husband, but he was outside and couldn’t hear her. She put her hands on her chest. Was she having a heart attack? Romana discovered later from her doctor that her heart and her arteries were just fine. So what did happen?

■ Severe stress — losing a job, the death of a loved one, divorce ■ History of childhood physical or sexual abuse ■ Traumatic events — sexual assault, serious accident, diagnosis of

ried, having a baby

SYMPTOMS OF A PANIC ATTACK CAN BE SIMILAR TO SYMPTOMS OF A HEART ATTACK Symptoms of a panic attack or anxiety attack can often seem very similar to those of a heart attack. When people first learn that they experienced a panic attack instead of a heart attack, they’re often skeptical at first. “But my heart was racing,” they might say, or, “I couldn’t breathe!” They may be relieved to hear that their hearts are okay, but it can still be confusing to imagine — anxiety caused all that? Scientists have discovered that how we feel mentally and emotionally can have significant effects on how we feel physically. Sometimes, when you feel anxious, you may simply be restless or worried, but other times, that anxiety can translate into more serious physical symptoms, like a racing heartbeat, excessive sweating, chest tightness, difficulty breathing, indigestion, stomachaches, dizziness, headaches, and a feeling of being out of control. It can be confusing, though, because a panic attack often seems to show up “out of the blue.” The person may not have been feeling particularly anxious right beforehand or may have just been going about her day when suddenly the symptoms showed up. So why does a panic attack occur?

WHY DO PANIC ATTACKS OCCUR? It’s not always clear what causes a panic attack, but their occurrence does seem to be closely related to certain difficulties in life, including the following:

a serious illness Sometimes panic attacks come on in response to a long-term fight against chronic anxiety. A sensitive person who is often anxious may suddenly start to experience them as an exacerbation of that anxiety. The important thing is to seek treatment immediately. Since panic attacks seem to occur without warning, people may be nervous about going out with friends, flying on an airplane, driving, or even leaving home. Panic attacks can also cause problems at school or work and may lead to depression and other disorders.

HOW TO CURE YOURSELF OF PANIC ATTACKS Psychotherapy is known to be the best choice for treating panic attacks and anxiety disorder. You doctor can help you understand the source of your anxiety and why the panic attacks are occurring, and then work with you to develop techniques you can use to prevent them from happening again in the future. While you’re working with a therapist, you may also be prescribed medication, depending on your symptoms and whether depression may be accompanying your anxiety. Other helpful treatments include: ■ Join a support group. ■ Get more physically exercise, sleep 7–8 hours a night, and avoid caffeine and alcohol. ■ Practice calming techniques such as yoga, deep breathing, and progressive muscle relaxation. ■ Identify thoughts that are negative and fear-inducing, and replace them with more positive thoughts; if you’re thinking, “I can’t stay in this car one minute longer,” try replacing that thought with “I’m doing just fine, I’m breathing regularly. There’s nothing that will hurt me here.” 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH

TO PARENTS AFRAID OF VACCINATIONS DEBUNKING ANTI-VACCINATION MYTHS

■■■ Colleen M. Story The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that from January 1 to August 8, 2019, there were over 1,180 individual cases of measles confirmed in 30 states across the country. Those numbers indicate an outbreak greater than any since measles was believed to be eliminated back in the year 2000, and represents the largest number of cases reported since 1992. The majority of these cases occurred in people who were never vaccinated against the measles. Health organizations, doctors, and scientists agree that vaccines are safe and effective, but because of a small flawed study perpetuated online, many parents have been convinced not to vaccinate their children. Here’s why vaccinations are critical for the health of children and the population in general.

WHY ARE PARENTS AFRAID OF VACCINATIONS? The anti-vaccination movement began back in the 1990s with the release of a now-retracted study that seemed to show that receiving the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccinations increased the risk of childhood autism. That study, however, included only 12 children and has since been completely discredited because of serious procedural errors, undisclosed financial conflicts of interest, and ethical violations. The lead researcher lost his medical license, and the paper was retracted from The Lancet, where it was originally published. Since that time, scientists have completed many other studies involving a lot more children, and none have found a link between any vaccine and the likelihood of developing autism. In fact, several studies have identified symptoms in children well before they receive the MMR vaccine, and additional research has suggested that the disorder develops in utero, before the baby is even born.

YET THE MYTH HAS PREVAILED. There has also been a rumor circulating that vaccines overwhelm children’s immune systems, but scientists say that even if all 14 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

scheduled vaccines were given at once (which they’re not), they would use up only about 0.1 percent of a baby’s immune capacity.

ISN’T NATURAL IMMUNITY BETTER? Some parents believe that natural immunity — actually catching the disease and developing immunity after healing — is better than developing immunity through vaccination. Though immunity can indeed be stronger after actually fighting off the disease itself, this is a dangerous approach for a couple of reasons. First, subjecting a child to measles, for example, is dangerous and sometimes life-threatening. The symptoms are not only uncomfortable, but they can also lead to the development of pneumonia, requiring hospitalization. Other complications include diarrhea and ear infections, and some individuals — particularly children under the age of 5—are at risk of encephalitis — swelling of the brain. The CDC states that about one in 5 unvaccinated people who get measles are hospitalized, and as many as 1 out of every 20 children with measles gets pneumonia, which is the most common cause of death from measles in young children. There is no reason to take these risks with a child’s life when vaccination presents a safer option for developing immunity.

VACCINATION SAVES LIVES We had «herd immunity» in the U.S. a few years ago. This occurs when the majority of people are immunized, which creates a level of protection for everyone. That is no longer the case. As more parents choose not to vaccinate their children, the risk of contracting these diseases increases. With each person that develops the disease, the risk increases that other people will develop it too, contributing to a collective danger for everyone. Life before vaccines was not pleasant, and it was a significantly riskier place for children in particular. Measles, smallpox, whooping cough, rubella, and more were significant threats to health and well being. Today, we can protect our children with simple injections that have been overwhelmingly proven safe.

4HEALTH

WHAT’S CAUSING MY EYES TO BURN? SOMETIMES, IT’S NOT DUST OR ALLERGIES

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by Lynn Merrell

Marci squinted and blinked, then reached for a tissue. Her eyes were burning, and it was making it difficult for her to see. She pulled the car over to the side of the road and tried to look into the rearview mirror, but she couldn’t open her eyes wide enough. Burning, irritated, and watery eyes aren’t usually dangerous unless they occur while you’re in the middle of an activity where vision is necessary, such as while driving or operating other machinery. Most of the time you can treat them with over-the-counter eye drops, but in rare cases, burning eyes can be a symptom of something more serious.

WHAT ARE BURNING EYES? If you’ve ever experienced that burning, irritating sensation, you know what it’s like. It’s near impossible to continue to hold your eyes open while you’re enduring it. The burning and irritation forces you to squint and squeeze, and then usually your eyes water, too, sending tears down your cheeks. In most cases, it’s clear what’s causing the problem. You may have been exposed to dust or smoke; come into contact with toxic fumes; gotten something in your eye like a flying bug, piece of debris, or eyelash; or been exposed to an allergen that caused a reaction. But sometimes it’s something else entirely.

5 POTENTIAL CAUSES OF BURNING EYES Below are some of the more rare causes of blurry eyes. If you haven’t experienced them before, or if you have some of the other symptoms mentioned, be sure to see your eye doctor right away.

1. BLEPHARITIS This is a condition caused by a bacterial infection. It creates inflammation around the base of the eyelashes, which in turn, can produce clumping and stickiness between the lashes. You may have trouble opening your eyes in the morning, and notice dandruff-like skin at the base of the eyelids. People who have dandruff are more likely to

develop blepharitis too. Other symptoms include itchy and red eyes, burning, weeping, and oversensitivity to light. Treatment includes warm compresses, lid cleansing, and eye masks.

2. DRY EYE SYNDROME This often occurs as we get older. The eyes become less able to produce the tears they need for lubrication, or the tears they do produce don’t moisturize as well as they should. Eyes feel dry and irritated and may burn, particularly after long hours working with a computer or tablet. Treatment includes drops and ointments that help provide moisture and hydration.

3. EYE SUNBURN An eye sunburn is just like a skin sunburn, but it occurs in the eyes instead. Overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun’s rays can damage the delicate tissues in the eyes, causing pain, a gritty feeling, burning, light sensitivity, and watering eyes. The condition usually resolves on its own in a couple of days, but if it’s particularly painful, you can get pain-relieving drops from your eye doctor.

4. OCULAR ROSACEA You’ve probably heard of “rosacea,” which is an autoimmune skin condition that causes redness and inflammation. The eyes can be affected by this disease, too. In fact, if you have rosacea, you’re at risk for ocular rosacea. Symptoms include pain, burning, itching, grittiness, redness, and light sensitivity. Treatment includes oral antibiotics, twice daily washes, and artificial tears.

5. PTERYGIUM Also called “surfer’s eye,” pterygium creates an elevated, wedge-shaped bump on the eyeball that starts on the white of the eye and can grow into the cornea. Some people have more than one of these growths. Scientists aren’t sure what causes them, but they seem to be related to sun exposure and are more common in people who spend a lot of time outdoors in sunny or windy environments. Symptoms include redness, blurred vision, burning, and irritation. Treatment usually involves eye drops or ointments. Only rarely is surgical removal of the growth necessary. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

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WHY YOU MAY WANT TO TRY ACUPUNCTURE FOR PAIN RELIEF PRACTICE BECOMING MORE POPULAR IN AMERICA ■■■ by Morgan Rice According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), opioid overdoses kill more than 130 people in the U.S. every day. The misuse and addiction to opioids, including prescription pain relievers, is a serious national crisis costing the country an estimated $78 billion per year. In the face of this tragedy, doctors and patients are looking for safer ways to deal with pain. One of the increasingly popular options is acupuncture — the most widely used and accepted form of alternative pain relief employed today after chiropractic care. If you suffer from any type of chronic pain, here’s why you may want to consider an acupuncture treatment yourself.

WHAT IS ACUPUNCTURE? Acupuncture is an ancient form of healing that comes from traditional Chinese medicine. It’s based on the idea that each of us has a life force running through us called “chi” that follows certain pathways in the body. By inserting tiny needles into specific points along these pathways, practitioners can bring that energy flow back into balance, easing pain and restoring healing. Modern-day research suggests that the insertion of the needles along these “pathways” helps increase blood flow and stimulate nerves, muscles, and connective tissues. This process encourages the body to release endorphins, which are natural painkillers. Though it may be difficult to imagine that any practice that involves needles could relieve pain, studies show that it does. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH HOW ACUPUNCTURE RELIEVES PAIN The use of acupuncture for pain relief has been increasing in America over the past few years, with patients using the therapy to control chronic conditions as well as to promote general health. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) states that acupuncture may help ease the following types of pain: ■ Low-back pain ■ Neck pain ■ Osteoarthritis/knee pain ■ Tension headaches ■ Migraine headaches A 2012 analysis, for example, reported that actual acupuncture was more helpful than either no acupuncture or a “sham” acupuncture treatment for those with back and neck pain. A 2014 Australian study showed that needle and laser acupuncture were better at relieving knee pain from osteoarthritis than no treatment, and a major 2012 analysis of data found that actual acupuncture was more helpful for osteoarthritis pain than sham acupuncture. Many patients with regular migraines have found relief with acupuncture, too. A 2012 analysis of data found that actual acupuncture was effective in reducing headache frequency and severity, while a 2009 systematic review found that adding acupuncture to basic care for migraines helped reduce headache frequency. Other studies have suggested that acupuncture may not only reduce the need for pain medications, but it may even help opioid-addicted individuals through the painful withdrawal process. And unlike opioid drugs and other pain-relieving medications, acupuncture has relatively few side effects. When they do occur, it’s usually because the practitioners used nonsterile needles or didn’t apply them correctly.

HOW TO GET STARTED WITH ACUPUNCTURE If you’d like to try acupuncture, follow these tips to ensure you have a positive experience: Ask your doctor: Ask your regular doctor for recommendations. He or she may know experienced acupuncture practitioners in your area. Then research anyone you’re considering seeing. Look for the person’s backgrounds and any reviews given by other patients. Check the credentials: Make sure your practitioner is licensed or certified to practice acupuncture in your state. Most states require a diploma from the National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine. Interview the practitioner: Ask what he or she recommends for your condition, and how many treatments will be necessary. Find out how many other patients he or she has treated for your condition. Make sure you feel comfortable with the person before going forward. Check the facility: Acupuncture should be performed in a clean, sterile, but comfortable environment. Drop by the facility and see if it feels right to you. Call your insurance company: Some insurance companies offer coverage for acupuncture, but others do not. Find out what your policy covers. SOURCES More Americans using acupuncture for common ailments. (2014, November 12). Retrieved from https://www. foxnews.com/health/more-americans-using-acupuncture-for-common-ailments National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2019, January 22). Opioid Overdose Crisis. Retrieved from https://www. drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/opioids/opioid-overdose-crisis NCCIH. (2017, February 21). Acupuncture: In Depth. Retrieved from https://nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture/ introduction#hed2

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| Plastic Surgery

GIVE YOURSELF THE GIFT OF YOUTH THIS HOLIDAY ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY ACTUALLY REVERSES THE SIGNS OF AGING

NAME:

Roman RAYHAM, MD SPECIALTY: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeon

CERTIFICATION: Board-certified, American Board of Surgery and American Board of Plastic Surgery.

TRAINING & EDUCATION: SUNY Downstate College of Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital (Residency), Training at Mayo Clinic, Post-graduate fellowship at New York Eye and Ear Infirmary.

MEMBERSHIPS: American Medical Association, Medical Society of the State of NY, Medical Society of Kings County, Arnold Society, Priestley Society.

CONTACT: 2748 Ocean Ave, 3rd Fl. Brooklyn, NY 11229 161 Madison Ave, Ste 11W New York, NY 10016

(877) 582-0400 www.rrplastix.com

LANGUAGES: ENGLISH • RUSSIAN

What if you could give yourself the gift of youth this holiday? What if you could fade sun damage, reverse the signs of aging, clear up hyperpigmentation, lighten age spots, get rid of redness, and even out your skin tone all with one treatment that requires minimal downtime? Dr. Rayham of the RR Plastix/New York Plastic Surgery Center has a technologically advanced solution that can do all these things and more. It’s called the “Forever Young BBL,” and it’s been shown in clinical studies to actually reverse the signs of aging and help skin cells to act like younger cells. Before and after pictures show patients who look years younger than their actual age, with smoother, healthier looking skin. Could this be the present you’ve been looking for this year?

WHAT IS FOREVER YOUNG? Manufactured by Sciton JOULE, the Forever Young BBL light therapy system offers advanced technology in broadband light therapy. BBL is a laser-based cosmetic treatment that uses the heat and energy of light to target specific areas of the skin that need help. The specialized machine has unique filters that go after the major causes of aging, including sun damage, and scarring. Meanwhile, it’s designed to be more comfortable for the patient (than older light therapies) and allows for more consistent coverage to address all problem areas. BBL uses the power of pulsed light to target excess melanin, which is what is responsible for age spots and hyperpigmentation. The unwanted dark areas absorb the light energy, and over the next few days, those pigmented areas will darken and fall away. The treatment also stimulates collagen production, and while you’re recovering, the skin will regenerate itself at the deeper levels, producing firmer and younger-looking skin over a period of weeks. The increased collagen production will help smooth out wrinkles and soften texture. The photothermal energy can also help eliminate many of the fine vessels that can cause redness. Studies with BBL found that it not only created a more youthful appearance, but also helped rejuvenate skin at the molecular level, so it behaved more like younger skin.

WHAT ARE THE RESULTS OF FOREVER YOUNG BBL? Through results vary depending on the individual and how many treatments you have, typically within a few weeks you’ll notice the following: ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■

Reduced age spots and hyperpigmentation Reduced redness Tighter, firmer skin Smaller facial veins and broken capillaries Improve rosacea A more even skin tone Smoother skin Healthier skin growth, for more youngerlooking skin

WHAT CAN I EXPECT FROM TREATMENT? The Forever Young BBL treatment is minimally invasive, gentle, and safe. Treatments take only 15-60 minutes, depending on your skin condition, and are performed in an outpatient basis. No anesthesia is required, though a cooling gel may be applied to the skin beforehand. The procedure requires no downtime, though you may notice some redness and swelling afterwards, which usually resolves in a few hours, or within one-to-two days, at most. Dr. Rayham says most patients can go back to their regular daily activities the same day. For best results, you may need more than one treatment. Appointments are customized to each person’s condition. You may notice some flaking a day or two later, as the skin sheds the older layers and produces new growth. It is important to avoid the sun as much as possible, and to protect your skin from any UV exposure until completely healed.

CUSTOMIZED TO YOU! Dr. Rayham invites readers to see what this new technology may be able to do for them. A personal consultation is the best way to see if Forever Young BBL will work for you, and how many treatments you may need. For more information, check with Dr. Rayham. He has offices in Manhattan, New York City, Brooklyn, and Staten Island. Call the RR Plastix/New York Plastic Surgery Center, 1-877-582-0400, or visit our website at www.rrplastix.com. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

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WHAT TO DRINK? BEVERAGES THAT HELP OR HURT YOUR HEALTH SOFT DRINKS ARE MAKING US FAT — HEALTHIER ALTERNATIVES ■■■ Colleen M. Story Used to be you could open up a soda pop, sit back, and enjoy the crisp and bubbly feeling running cool down your throat. Now, you deal with the guilt. Soft drinks are making us fat. Recent studies have proven that the high sugar content in soft drinks is a main contributor to our current obesity epidemic. Many thought that diet soft drinks were the answer, but studies tell us they’re nearly as bad. A 2012 study, in fact, found that drinking diet soda causes your body to think you’re never full, and slows down your metabolism — both of which lead to health issues like weight gain. What then, can you drink that will actually contribute, instead of taking away, from your health?

MORE BAD NEWS ABOUT SODA So we know soda can add on the pounds, but what about for skinny folks? According to recent research, they’d be better off limiting their intake as well. A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found an association between drinking regular or diet soda and an increased stroke risk. Both have also been linked to type II diabetes. If you just can’t get through a week without one, experts recommend just one soda a day. For optimal health, try to cut back to just one or two a week.

WHAT ABOUT ENERGY DRINKS? These have become more popular lately, particularly for young people looking for a heavy jolt of caffeine. Options like Red Bull, Rockstar, Monster, and Full Throttle, however, are a source for concern for doctors because of

their unknown and potentially dangerous effects. Susceptible individuals could experience dangerous effects on blood pressure, heart rate, and brain function, with reported cases of seizures and even caffeine-associated deaths. Like sodas, these drinks also contain a high amount of sugar — up to 13 teaspoons along with the caffeine found in four or more regular colas.

The key is to stick to regular coffee —”gourmet” coffees typically have large amounts of added sugar and fat. Tea is also full of healthy antioxidants, with studies showing that several cups a day can reduce risk of cancer, heart disease, and high blood pressure. Just go easy on the added sugar and cream.

LOW-FAT MILK FRUIT JUICE IN MODERATION Fortunately, today’s health information tells us there are many beverages that are healthier than sodas and energy drinks. Fruit juice is one option many people turn to in absence of soda, because it still satisfies the sweet tooth. Though it has more nutrients than soda, juice is still high in sugar and calories, and can therefore lead to weight gain. Several studies have shown that children aged four to twelve who drink more than two glasses of fruit juice a day are likely to be overweight or obese. Look for 100 percent juice with no added sweeteners, and limit intake to a small 4-ounce glass daily. You can also mix it with club soda or seltzer water if you like the sparkly beverage.

COFFEE AND TEA Used to be that people worried about the health effects of coffee, but studies have shown the antioxidants in coffee can benefit public health. In fact, a study published in 2012 found that people who regularly drank caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee had a lower mortality risk than non-coffee drinkers. Other studies have shown that coffee may help reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, and even some cancers.

For children especially, milk is a good, healthy beverage. It contains carbohydrates, protein, and a little bit of fat, which can help kids and adults feel full longer, as well as calcium and vitamin D. Drinking milk has been linked with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity, with studies showing that teens who drink milk could enjoy a reduced risk of diabetes later in life.

WINE IN MODERATION What about alcohol? Antioxidants in red wine have been shown to help fight heart disease by lowering LDL cholesterol levels and protecting blood vessels. Moderate alcohol consumption of any kind has also been linked to brain health and memory retention, but researchers and healthcare practitioners advise caution: no more than two drinks a day for men, and no more than one per day for women. SOURCES Amanda N. Payne, et al., “The composition and metabolic activity of child gut microbiota demonstrate differential adaptation to varied nutrient loads in an in vitro model of colonic fermentation,” FEMS Microbiology Ecology, June 2012; 80 (3):608–623. Malik V, Sun Q, van Dam R, Rimm E, Willett W, Rosner B, Hu F. Adolescent dairy product consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2011: 94;854–61. “The Best and Worse Beverages,” Women’s Health Advisor, August 2012.

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4HEALTH

CAN COOLSCULPTING REALLY GET RID OF BELLY FAT? BEST CANDIDATES FOR THE PROCEDURE

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by Lynn Merrell

Nobody likes belly fat. It’s unsightly, uncomfortable, and unhealthy. Yet when we try to get rid of it, it stubbornly hangs on. We lose a few pounds, but then gain them back, and that lump around our middle remains. It’s discouraging, especially when we go to put on that little black dress or business suit. What can we do about it? There is a cosmetic treatment called “CoolSculpting” that promises to remove areas of body fat, particularly belly fat. Might it work for you?

WHAT IS COOLSCULPTING? Scientifically called “cryolipolysis,” Coolscculpting is a procedure that freezes and kills fat cells. Your fat cells don’t like the cold, and when exposed to certain low temperatures, will freeze just like ice cubes. The process of freezing kills the cells, and then the body goes to work eliminating them. Fortunately, because fat cells freeze faster than normal cells, the procedure doesn’t damage skin, nerves, or the surrounding tissue. Coolsculpting doesn’t involve any surgery or incisions but is a non-invasive procedure 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

that is applied to certain troublesome fatty areas, like the abdomen, flanks, or under the chin. It’s also approved for use on the thighs, back, upper arms, and underneath the buttocks. The Coolsculpting tool is manufactured by Allergan, who states on their website that the treatment will provide an up to 20–25 percent reduction in fat layer thickness after a single session. It takes about 2–6 months to see results, as the body needs that time to remove those dead fat cells, but once they’re gone they’re gone for good, and patients usually notice a difference.

WHAT HAPPENS DURING A COOLSCULPTING PROCEDURE? To begin, the doctor or technician applies a gel applicator to the treatment area — sort of like a moist gel pad that helps shield the skin while allowing the Coolsculpting tool to move smoothly over it. Next, the Coolscultping tool is placed onto the skin. It has nozzles that apply suction, bringing the fatty skin into the nozzle and then cooling it down. It is left in place for a while, usually ranging from one to two hours, during which it gradually freezes the fat cells under the skin. Patients

may bring laptops, tablets, and books to pass the time. Many people want to know: Does the procedure hurt? Those who have been through it usually describe the sensation as providing a minimal amount of discomfort, a dull pressure, or a feeling as if someone is pulling on the skin. Eventually, the area goes numb as the temperature drops. Once the treatment is complete, the skin may be red and swollen. The technician will massage the area to help diminish swelling, after which the patient is free to go about his or her regular daily activities. It takes time for the body to get rid of the dead skin cells, so results are slow in coming, but most patients do see a noticeable difference even after about three weeks. Often it takes multiple sessions to achieve the desired results.

MIGHT COOLSCULPTING WORK FOR YOU? If you’d like to improve your waistline, see less bulging in any particular area, or smooth your upper arms or chin, this may be the treatment for you. It produces only mild results, however, so it’s not suitable for those who are more overweight or obese.

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Podiatry | 4HEALTH33

HELP FOR PAINFUL LEGS A TALK WITH DR. LEON STEPENSKY, PODIATRIST AND FOOT SPECIALIST

Are your legs sore? Do you experience pain when you walk or stand? You may think it’s just a part of aging, but according to Dr. Leon Stepensky, an experienced podiatrist and foot specialist working in Brooklyn for over 20 years, there may be treatments that can help you walk comfortably once again.

WHAT IS THE MAIN CAUSE OF LEG PAIN? The legs, like the rest of the body, require a consistent supply of blood to operate correctly. Blood brings in oxygen and nutrients to the cells, which the tissues need to function properly. Two parts of the circulatory system — the arteries and veins — manage this blood delivery system. Arteries get oxygen from the heart and take it towards the legs, and the veins then return the oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart, where it becomes oxygen-rich once again. The two most common issues I see in my podiatric practice caused by poor blood circulation include: 1. Swollen legs, including varicose veins 2. Cold, tired, painful legs with dry or thin skin The veins work against gravity to take blood up towards the heart. They have a thin lining of muscles that help them achieve this. Due to age, inactivity, diabetes or other underling medical condition, this lining can become stretched, which creates varicose veins. This may also makes it harder for veins to get blood back to the heart. Swollen legs and other vein disease can also be caused by a malfunctioning/weak heart, kidney disease and a malfunctioning lymph system, but we’ll concentrate on issues with the veins for this article. Heart issues and kidney disease may be diagnosed by your primary care provider.

WHAT ARE THE DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS YOU USE IN YOUR OFFICE? We can conduct a simple, painless test to check the veins and the arteries in your feet. This test helps us determine what’s causing painful or swollen legs, and then we can help prevent other complications like difficulty walking or having to walk with a cane. This same test can check the arteries as well. Age, genetic predisposition, diabetes, heart 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

disease, and other conditions can damage the arteries, narrowing them so that it takes longer for the oxygen to reach the legs. This is why people will feel that their legs are cold. It can also cause the skin on the legs to be very dry or pale, clumping, or wet. Our tests can help determine what’s causing this and give us clues as to the best way to address it. We can also test diabetic patients to determine the potential risk of them suffering from diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage in the feet and legs). This is another painless test that checks the integrity of the nerves in the feet. It’s best to undergo the test once a year to make sure there are no changes, and to help prevent future problems. All three of these tests can be performed in our office. We use them to educate patients on their conditions, and to determine the best methods for treatment, prevention and progression of diseases.

WHO PERFORMS THE TESTS YOU DESCRIBED? A licensed technician performs this test in our office, with the help of computer technology. We can actually see on the computer monitor what is happening to the patient’s veins and arteries. According to the results of these studies, we can determine a more accurate diagnosis and a more appropriate treatment plan. In the past, we had to rely solely on physical examination.

HOW DO YOU TREAT CIRCULATORY PROBLEMS IN THE LEGS? We provide many treatments right in our office, including oral or topical medications along with compression stockings and pumps, medicated bandages and certain types of physical therapy. Other times, more invasive treatments may be required.

WHEN IS SURGERY NEEDED? In certain situations and severe cases, surgery may be necessary. I do not perform such operations, but refer the patient to a specialist surgeon. But I have to say that sometimes surgery is not the best option. I prefer conservative treatments — medications, ointments, medicated strappings, pumps etc.— depending on our evaluation and studies.

NAME:

Leon Stepensky, DPM CERTIFICATION: Trained surgeon in minimally invasive surgery, endoscopic and arthoscopic procedures, with a specialty in Diabetic Neuropathy

SPECIALTY: Board Certified Podiatrist

INSURANCE: We accept all major insurance plans & Medicaid

CONTACT: 3111 Brighton 2nd St., Brooklyn, NY 11235 235 Wyckoff Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11206 99 Moore St., Brooklyn, NY 11206

(718) 874-0224

4HEALTH

BORING TREADMILL? 5 TIPS TO MAKE INSIDE RUNNING MORE FUN

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Colleen M. Story

“It’s so sad when the cold weather comes,” Bonnie said to her friend. “I love running outside.” Diane nodded in agreement. “Yep, it’s time for the old treadmill, and it’s so boring!” Many regular runners bemoan the coming of winter. Some die-hards will still strike out in their stocking caps and gloves, but for many, the rain and snow signals a return to the rat-like existence of running on a treadmill. If you’re just starting, it can be fun, but if you’ve run on it for awhile, you may find your motivation dwindling and your workout suffering. You don’t have to settle for gaining pounds over the cold season. Stay healthy and keep your body in shape with these indoor-running tips. Use the TV. Television can be a great motivator to work out. If you usually feel guilty about indulging in your favorite soap or sitcom, watch it while you’re working out and voila, no more guilt! Plus, if you workout every day when the show comes on, you’ll stay with a regular schedule—great for your figure. When you get tired of TV shows, rent some of your favorite movies. Action films can of-

ten make you feel like running faster— and if you have to wait for the next workout session to see what happens, you’ll be more likely to look forward to it. VirtualJog.com also sells DVDs made specifically for walkers and runners

that show scenery like Main’s Acadia National Park, County Galway in Ireland, and Loch Etive in Scotland. The camera moves at about 12 miles per hour to simulate actually jogging through these picturesque areas. Audio books. If you need a break from the TV or if you don’t have one close to your treadmill, consider listening to audio books or to music. Choose motivating tunes that make you feel like moving, and set the number of songs to correlate with your workout time, so when the music stops, you can stop. Motivating audio books are also great choices for revving up your energy, and engaging fiction audio books can keep you working out longer to find out what happens next. If you’re planning a vacation to a foreign country, try listening to language tapes to help you prepare. Windows. To help capture the feeling of running outside, position your treadmill as close as you can to a window, and open it slightly on warmer days to breathe the fresh air. If you’re running at a gym, choose the machine closest to the window. Add hills and vary the speed. Running on a treadmill—because it remains at one level— doesn’t work your hamstrings as much as running up and down hills outdoors. Choose one of your machine’s workouts that automatically changes the incline, or raise the incline yourself for 2-3 minute intervals during your workout. Also, don’t fall into the rut of setting the machine on the same speed, running 30 minutes, and getting off. Every 4-5 minutes, ramp up the speed to that which will take your top effort, stay there 2-4 minutes, then come back down. If you’re watching regular TV programs, try running hard during the commercials, then slowing down again for the show. You’ll get your heart pumping, burn more calories, and have a better chance at feeling that runner’s high. Drag the treadmill outside. If you can manage it, drag your treadmill outside for your run. Perhaps it’s too late at night to go out, but you can still enjoy the stars close to the safety of your home. Maybe it’s too windy, but your house offers protection. Either way, you can get a bit of the outdoors as you go.

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4HEALTH

HOW TO FIGHT POST-MENOPAUSAL WEIGHT GAIN FOUR PROVEN STEPS YOU CAN TAKE FOR LONG-TERM WEIGHT LOSS

■■■ Colleen M. Story If you’re a postmenopausal woman, do you have to say “no” to dessert? According to a recent study, if you want to avoid the weight gain that can occur after menopause, you may want to say “no” more often than you say “yes.” Postmenopausal weight gain can be particularly dangerous to women. Studies have found that it increases risk of cancer, heart disease, diabetes, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and mental health problems. Yet women also know how difficult it can be to keep the pounds off once hormones start fluctuating. What are the keys to maintaining a healthy weight during and after menopause?

THE TWO MOST IMPORTANT STEPS TO TAKE A recent study published in The Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics observed nearly 500 overweight and obese postmenopausal women over a four-year period. The women filled out surveys about their eating habits and weight themselves at the beginning of the study, then did the same again at six months and four years. Researchers then studied the data and found that at the six-month mark, women who ate fewer desserts and fried foods, drank fewer sugar-sweetened beverages, ate more fish, and ate less often at restaurants all had better luck with weight loss. Later, however, at the four-year mark, researchers were surprised to find different 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

results. At that time, the following four steps were associated with lasting weight loss: 1. Eating fewer desserts 2. Drinking fewer sugar-sweetened beverages 3. Eating more fruits and vegetables 4. Eating less meat and cheese

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WHAT WORKED BEFORE NO LONGER EFFECTIVE Factors like a slowing metabolism, reduced muscle mass, and changes in lifestyle can all contribute to weight gain during and after menopause. On top of that, things we used to do to lose weight in the past don’t work so well anymore. Crash diets and heavy exercise regimens just aren’t as well tolerated by the body, and weight gain after a diet can put you in a worse spot than you were before. One thing this study illustrated is that what works for short-term weight loss doesn’t necessarily work for long-term weight loss. Eating more fish and eating out less often were effective in the short-term, but didn’t even enter the picture after four years. If you’re noticing a creeping weight gain during your menopausal years, talk to your doctor. He or she may have other techniques you can use to battle the gradual increase in pounds. In addition, consider eating fewer desserts and drinking fewer sugar-sweetened beverages, and try these tips as well: ■ Keep a food journal. Studies have found

that women who keep track of what they

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eat on a day-to-day basis had better luck with weight loss. Don’t skip meals. Women who skip breakfast, for example, are more likely to gain weight over time. Eat at the same time as much as possible. Women who keep a routine eating behavior on most days of the week have better luck keeping the pounds off. Build muscle strength. The more muscle you build, the more calories you’ll burn. Try to fit in some resistance training every other day, including bent-knee pushups, crunches, exercises with elastic bands, and weightlifting. Make sure you’re getting enough vitamin D. Some research suggests that a vitamin D deficiency can increase your risk of obesity, while making sure you’re getting enough can help you avoid weight gain. (Shoot for 400 IU daily.) Try protein smoothies. Adequate protein intake is critical to maintaining muscle mass. Choose lean meats like chicken and turkey, and add a protein shake after your long walk. Increase your daily activity: Shoot for 45 minutes five days a week for the best results. Choose moderate intensity activities like brisk walking, swimming, biking, jogging, dancing, playing tennis or racquetball, or rebounding (with a small trampoline).

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PAD OFTEN MISDIAGNOSED IN OLDER WOMEN SYMPTOMS TO WATCH OUT FOR ■■■ by Lynn Merrell As we get older, it’s natural to be concerned about heart disease. So we eat right, exercise, and watch our blood sugar and blood cholesterol levels. But there’s one thing that many of us don’t do that we should — make sure that our legs look and feel healthy. The blood vessels that move through the legs can sometimes become narrowed, just like the blood vessels leading in and out of the heart. It’s a condition called peripheral artery disease (PAD) and though it’s easily treated, it can be deadly if ignored.

WHAT IS PAD? Peripheral artery disease is similar to heart disease or more specifically, atherosclerosis. It occurs when the arteries that take oxygenated blood to the legs, stomach, arms, and head become narrowed and stiff. As this happens, blood flow is disrupted, and the heart has to work harder to push the blood through where it’s needed. The legs are the most commonly affected by this disease, though it can affect arteries in the arms, kidneys, and stomach as well. An estimated 8.5 million people in the U.S. have PAD, as well as about 12–20 percent of those over the age of 60.

in men. By the time women reach their 60s and 70s, they may have other conditions like arthritis or nerve damage that “mask” the symptoms of PAD, leading to misdiagnosis. For these reasons and more, patients need to be aware of the symptoms and be prepared to ask their doctors to test for PAD. How is PAD Treated? The good news is that once it’s diagnosed, PAD can often be easily treated with medications and lifestyle changes. Exercise helps reduce pain, and medications help the blood flow more smoothly through the narrowed arteries. Surgery becomes necessary only when the narrowed arteries cause blood clots. In those cases, doctors may open or bypass the affected arteries with angioplasty or bypass surgery. To prevent PAD, eat a healthy diet, maintain a healthy weight, quit smoking if you’re a smoker, and control high blood pressure and blood cholesterol. SOURCE Harvard Health Publishing. (2012, April). Peripheral artery disease: A hidden problem in women, from the Harvard Women’s Health Watch. Retrieved from https://www.health.harvard.edu/press_releases/peripheralartery-disease-a-hidden-problem-in-women Society for Vascular Surgery. (2017, September 1). Often misdiagnosed, PAD can be mild or deadly. Retrieved from https://vascular.org/news-advocacy/often-misdiagnosed-pad-can-be-mild-or-deadly

WHAT DOES PAD FEEL LIKE? The most common symptom of PAD is numbness and pain in the legs, particularly when walking or engaging in other types of exercise. Unfortunately, many people often miss this symptom, thinking that they are just tired or getting older. This symptom occurs because as you exercise, your legs require more blood to help the muscles work. Because the arteries are narrowed, the blood has a harder time getting where it needs to go. The legs and feet don’t get the oxygen they need, so they begin to ache, cramp, or feel numb. Other symptoms associated with PAD include hair loss or slower hair growth on the feet and legs, shiny skin, a feeling of coldness in one foot or leg, brittle toenails, slow-healing wounds or ulcers on the legs and feet that take a long time to heal, and erectile dysfunction in men. As long as the disease doesn’t progress too quickly, it may cause no symptoms at all, or only mild pain in the legs when walking. If it progresses, however, without treatment, it can lead to gangrene, amputation, and sometimes death.

PAD OFTEN MISDIAGNOSED According to the Society for Vascular Surgery, PAD is often misdiagnosed as something else, like back pain. PAD is often associated with lumbar spinal stenosis, a narrowing of the spinal canal. Harvard Health also notes that PAD often remains a “hidden” problem in women because it tends to develop later in women than it does 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

718-393-5331 www.USAVascularCenters.com

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PREVENT FOOT INJURIES WITH THESE EXERCISES COLD WEATHER MAKES FOOT INJURIES MORE LIKELY! ■■■ By Morgan Rice As the temperatures drop outside, your risk for foot and ankle injuries goes up. If some-

thing happens to your foot, it can make your life miserable, as suddenly even walking will become difficult, and you definitely don’t want to be dealing with that in the New Year!

Fortunately, there are certain exercises you can do to strengthen your toes, feet, and ankles, and help reduce your risk of getting hurt. 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH WHY DO FOOT INJURIES GO UP IN THE WINTER? Winter weather brings on a lot of changes that increase the risk of foot injuries. Some of the most common include the following: ■ Things get slippery. All that rain, snow,

and freezing water creates a more hazardous walking surface around town, which can increase your risk of slipping and falling and hurting your feet and ankles. ■ Muscles get tight. Cold weather causes muscles and ligaments to tighten up, reducing flexibility and leaving you prone to more injuries like pulled and torn muscles and ligaments. ■ Indoor sports increase. Basketball, racquetball, indoor tennis, and other indoor sports are more popular in the colder weather. Since they involve hard surfaces, fast movements, and small spaces, they can also increase risk of foot and ankle injuries. ■ Cold temperatures can hurt. If you’re outside in the cold for an extended period of time, your toes and feet can suffer before the rest of your body. Prolonged

exposure to cold temperatures can lead to blistering, redness, itching, and pain. ■ The air gets dry. Cold air is dry air, which is why dry, cracked heels are more common in winter. To protect yourself from these dangers, always wear shoes with good soles that grip surfaces and help reduce the risk of slips and falls. Move carefully through slippery areas, keep your feet warm, and use a thick moisturizing cream on your heels. Then work on keeping your feet flexible and strong so they are better able to resist injury.

EXERCISES TO INCREASE FOOT STRENGTH AND FLEXIBILITY The following exercises can help improve flexibility and mobility in the feet: 1. Toe Raises: Sit straight in your chair with your feet flat on the floor, no shoes. Keeping the toes on the floor, raise your heels until only the balls of your feet remain on the ground. Hold for five seconds, then lower the heels. Next, raise the heels again but farther this time, until only the tips of the big and second toes are touching the floor. Hold for five seconds and lower. Finally, raise the heels a third time, but curl the toes inward so that

only the tips of the toes stay on the floor. Hold for 5 seconds and lower. Build up until you can repeat each stage 10 times. 2. Toe Splay: Sit straight in a chair with feet resting on the floor. Spread the toes apart as far as possible and hold for five seconds, then relax. Repeat 10 times. When you get strong enough, try looping a rubber band around the toes to make the exercise more challenging. 3. Marble Pickup: Get a set of marbles and a cereal bowl. Place the marbles in a pile on the floor, and set the cereal bowl next to them. Sit straight in the chair with feet flat on the floor. Then lift one foot and using only the toes, grab one marble at a time and place it in the bowl. When you’re finished, dump the marbles out again and repeat with the other foot. 4. Toe Curls: Lay a small towel on the floor in front of your chair, then sit down with your feet flat on the floor. Using one foot at the same time, grab the towel between the toes and pull it toward you. Repeat five times, then switch to the other foot. When you’re ready, put a couple books or something else heavy on the towel to make it harder to pick up.

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YOU NEED THE SLEEP— BUT SHOULD YOU TAKE A PILL? RISKS AND BENEFITS OF SLEEPING PILLS

■■■ Colleen M. Story You’ve probably heard about the risks of not getting enough sleep. A study published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, for example, found that women who sleep five or fewer hours a night are one third more likely to gain 33 pounds over the next 16 years than those who get seven hours a night. A study published in the journal Cancer found that people who sleep less than six hours a night had an almost 50 percent increase in the risk of colorectal cancer compared to those who got at least seven hours. Harvard researchers found that women getting fewer than 5 hours a night were one-third more likely to develop diabetes, while those at the University of Chicago found that inadequate sleep increased risk of heart disease for both men and women. We’re getting the message. Sleep is important. But for many of us, it’s difficult, so we turn to sleeping pills. The question is, should we? That question became even more important after a recent study showed that those people who regularly took sleeping pills were nearly five times more likely to die over a two-and-a-half year period than those who didn’t take them.

SLEEPING PILLS INCREASE RISK OF DEATH? Researchers from California compared 10,500 adults who took prescription strength sleep aids with people who did not. Those who took 1–18 sleeping pills during the course of a year had a 3.5 times increased risk of early death than those who didn’t’ take any. Those who took three or more sleeping pills per week were five times more likely to suffer an early death. Can sleeping pills really be that dangerous? Some experts criticized the study, claiming it

had some shortcomings. For one, it neglected to figure in the fact that those taking the sleeping pills had more hypertension, heart failure, obesity, asthma, and other problems associated with poor sleep to begin with, so all those factors probably contributed to the early deaths. The researchers also did not control for psychiatric disorders. Dr. Daniel Kripke, study author and psychiatrist at Viterbi Family Sleep Center in San Diego, noted the limitations, and acknowledged that more research needs to be done, but stated that he and his fellow study authors believed that the risks of taking sleeping pills outweighs the benefits.

HEALTH RISKS OF SLEEPING PILLS In addition to potentially increasing the risk of mortality, sleeping pills are known for other side effects, including: ■ Changes in appetite, constipation, diarrhea, heartburn, stomach pain ■ Burning or tingling in the hands, arms, feet, or legs ■ Dizziness, instability, drowsiness, weakness ■ Dry mouth or throat ■ Uncontrollable shaking ■ Sleep walking ■ Allergic reactions, rash, hives ■ Dependency

GETTING TO SLEEP IN A HEALTHY WAY Most health experts still agree that the occasional sleeping pill won’t hurt you, though this latest study raises concerns. Long-term use of sleeping pills can create dependency, however, which can lead to additional health problems. A better approach may be to talk to your doctor about what may be causing your insomnia. You may have sleep apnea and not

know it, which could be particularly dangerous for your health. Excess stress, depression, anxiety, trauma, medications, medical problems like Parkinson’s and kidney disease, and more can all be to blame, which means that your overall health would benefit from determining the cause of your sleeplessness. In addition to checking with your doctor, try these healthier tips for overcoming insomnia. Getting sleep is critical for your well being, but if you find yourself relying on sleeping pills, you could be doing yourself more harm than good. ■ Make sure your bedroom is quiet, dark, comfortable, and cool. Invest in a quality mattress, and keep all computers, cell phones, and televisions out. ■ Stick to a regular sleep schedule as much as you can. ■ Exercise during the day. It promotes sleep at night. ■ Avoid alcohol, caffeine, vigorous exercise, large meals, video games, and television at least an hour before bed. ■ Keep a notebook by your bed. Use it to write down any worries that come up, so you can leave them until the next morning. ■ Try incorporating stress-relieving techniques into your life, like meditation, yoga, tai chi, massage, and deep breathing. ■ Regularly engage in a relaxing bedtime routine that involves the same activities every night, such as quiet reading, listening to soft music, relaxing yoga, knitting, or a hot bath. SOURCES Melissa Breyer, “5 Health Risks of Too Little Sleep,” Care2, March 2, 2011, http://www.care2.com/greenliving/health-risks-of-toolittle-sleep.html?page=2. “Study Shows Risk with Sleeping Pills; Conclusion Criticized,” CNN, February 27, 2012, http://thechart.blogs.cnn. com/2012/02/27/study-shows-risk-with-sleeping-pills-conclusioncriticized/.

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FREQUENT URINATION AND BLADDER CYSTS THEY’RE RARE AND THEY’RE NOT USUALLY SERIOUS

■■■ by Lynn Merrell Usually, when we think of cysts, we think about those that develop on the ovaries or the breasts, but cysts can form on any part of the body. When they form in or around the bladder, they can cause inconvenient symptoms such as having to run to the bathroom all the time. The problem is, you can’t see bladder cysts unless your doctor performs an imaging test. So how can you tell if you have them?

An urgent need to urinate Incontinence Pain in the lower back Foul- or sour-smelling urine These symptoms may also occur if you have a urinary tract infection or kidney stone, so it’s important to check with your doctor to find out what’s going on.

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WHAT CAUSES BLADDER CYSTS? WHAT ARE CYSTS? In general, cysts are fluid-filled capsules very much like blisters. They occur within tissues and can affect any part of the body. Sometimes they are very small, even microscopic, but other times they can grow quite large, even as large as a baseball or larger. Cysts are quite common, and it’s unusual for them to cause any significant problems unless they become infected or inflamed, or unless they rupture. If they grow large, they may also put pressure on an area, causing irritation or pain.

WHAT ARE BLADDER CYSTS? Bladder cysts are cysts that form in, on, or around the bladder, which is the sac-like organ that collects and holds urine before it’s eliminated from the body. Most commonly, any cysts that form will form in the lining of the bladder. Bladder cysts are rare, and if they do form, they are not usually cancerous. They usually don’t cause any symptoms, so you may not even be aware that they’re there. When symptoms do occur, they may include the following: ■ Painful and/or frequent urination ■ Blood streaks in the urine 4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

Scientists don’t know why bladder cysts develop. If you have frequent urinary tract infections, a history of bladder or kidney stones, regularly use a catheter, or you’ve had surgery on or near the bladder, you may be more at risk for developing them.

HOW ARE BLADDER CYSTS TREATED? To diagnose bladder cysts, your doctor will ask about your symptoms and family history, test for a urinary tract infection, and then possibly perform an ultrasound, X-ray, or CT scan to identify the cysts. Often, bladder cysts are found when these imaging tests are used to diagnose other conditions. Small cysts that aren’t causing symptoms are usually left alone. If the cysts are larger, if they rupture or become infected, or if they’re causing problems that interfere with your quality of life, your doctor may recommend treatment. That may involve simply draining the cyst in a minimally invasive procedure, or removing it in surgery. Having bladder cysts does increase your risk of developing bladder cancer in the future, so your doctor will want to keep an eye on your symptoms. To keep your bladder as healthy as possible, don’t smoke, limit exposure to chemicals (like hair dyes and organic chemicals), drink plenty of water, and eat lots of fruits and vegetables.

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DENTISTRY - GENERAL

Vladimir LEMPERT, DMD

3037 Ave U Brooklyn, NY 11229

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Marina KREPKH, DDS

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Yekaterina LEVIN, DDS

7000 Bay Pkwy, Ste C Brooklyn, NY 11204

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2797 Ocean Pkwy, Fl 2 Brooklyn, NY 11235

(646) 377-6050

20-04 Seagirt Blvd Far Rockaway, NY 11691

(718) 868-8668

Mila MOGILEVSKY, DO

1599 E 15th St, Fl 2 Brooklyn, NY 11230 369 Lexington Ave, STE 800 New York, NY 10017

(929) 363-0303

4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH PODIATRY

Mohammad AALAI, MD

1599 E 15th St, Fl 2 Brooklyn, NY 11230 369 Lexington Ave, Ste 800 New York, NY 10017

(929) 363-0303

Leon STEPENSKY, DPM

3111 Brighton 2nd St., Brooklyn, NY 11235 235 Wyckoff Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11206 99 Moore St., Brooklyn, NY 11206

(718) 874-0224

UROLOGY

VASCULAR SURGERY

NUTRITION AND DIETETICS

Yuly CHALIK, MD

USA VEIN CLINICS

1153 First Ave New York, NY 10065

1942 E 8th St Brooklyn, NY 11223

(347) 508-3991

2511 Ocean Ave, Ste 102 Brooklyn, NY 11229

www.nylifex.com

2632 E 14th St Brooklyn, NY 11235 107-15 Jamaica Ave Queens, NY 11418 www.nyui.org

2444 86Th St, Ste A Brooklyn, NY 11214

Albert GROSS, CNS, NYS, CDN

MEDICAL SUPPLY

Essential Supply LLC (732) 881-6575 www.essentialdmbs.com

(718) 376-8317 MULTI SPECIALTY

116-02 Queens Blvd Forest Hills, NY 11375 1975 Hylan Blvd Staten Island, NY 10306

Armando IANNICELO.MD

1599 E 15th St, Fl 2 Brooklyn, NY 11230 369 Lexington Ave, Ste 800 New York, NY 10017

(929) 363-0303

USA VASCULAR CENTERS

260 W Sunrise Hwy, Ste 102 Valley Stream, NY 11581

Alina VASILYEVA, DPM

2116 Ave P Brooklyn, NY 11229 1605 Voorhies Ave, Fl 5, Brooklyn, NY 11235

(347) 481-5553

Vitaly RAYKHMAN, MD

2632 E 14th St Brooklyn, NY 11235 107-15 Jamaica Ave Queens, NY 11418

(347) 508-3991 www.nyui.org

PSYCHOLOGY

2444 86th St, Ste A Brooklyn, NY 11214

4159 Broadway Washington Heights, NY 10033 59-20 Myrtle Ave Queens, NY 11385

Multi SPECIALTY CLINIC

30-33 Steinway St Astoria, NY 11103

(877) 807-0989

122 Fulton St, 5th Fl. New York, NY 10038

3023-3027 Ave V Brooklyn, NY 11229

260 W Sunrise Hwy, Ste 102 Valley Stream, NY 11581

(718) 393-5331

MEDICAL TRANSPORTATION

AESTHETIC CENTERS

5221 Broadway New York, NY 10463 2965 Ocean Pkwy, 3rd fl, Brooklyn, NY 11235 156 Route 59, Ste B1, Suffern, NY 10901

Michael RISKEVICH, MD

(718) 509-0906

3140 Coney Island Ave., 3rd Fl., Brooklyn, NY 11235

(718) 934-8484

PHYSICAL THERAPY

Ridwan SHABSIGH, MD Chloe CARMICHAEL

230 Park Ave, Fl 10 New York, NY 10196

(212) 729-3922

3121 Ocean Ave Brooklyn, NY 11235 944 Park Ave New York, NY 10028

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE - GENERAL

Michael PATIN, MD

62-69 99th St., Ste 2B, Rego Park, NY 11374

(347) 848-0049

7819 Bay Pkwy Brooklyn, NY 11214

(718) 234-6767

(718) 283-7746

102-30 Queens Blvd Forest Hills, NY 11375

(718) 896-2333

PSYCHIATRY

Vladislav RUDNER, PT

Ada KULAGINA, LAC

1901 82nd St Brooklyn, NY 11214

(718) 490-2416 www.magichandspt.com

PLASTIC SURGERY

RANNETA TRANSPORTATION

www.usaveinclinics.com

Interborough DEVELOPMENTAL & CONSULTATION CENTER 1623 Kings Hwy, Fl 4 Brooklyn, NY 11229

(888) 987-5751

David SHUSTERMAN, MD

800 2 Ave, Fl 9 New York, NY 10017 69-15 Yellowstone Blvd Forest Hills, NY 11375 1013 Ave J Brooklyn, NY 11230 nd

8635 21st Ave Brooklyn, NY 11214

(888) 600-2262

VK Skin Spa

162 Brighton, 11th St. Brooklyn, NY 1235

(646) 200-5856

(718) 360-9550 nyurology.com

Roman RAYHAM, MD, BOARD CERTIFIED IN PLASTIC SURGERY

2748 Ocean Ave., 3rd Fl, Brooklyn, NY 11229161 Madison Ave, Ste 11W New York, NY 10016

LSA RECOVERY

www.nyplasticsurgerycenter.com

(888) 983-4055

(877) 582-0400

4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

1300 Ave P Brooklyn, NY 11229

4HEALTH Magazineâ&#x201E;¢ gathers data from a variety of different sources, public and private. While we strive to provide the most accurate, up-to-date information possible, we can't guarantee that our listings are completely free of errors. If you feel some data is missing or inaccurate, please feel free to contact us at any time. Thank you for your support!

4HEALTH

4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH

4HEALTH | 877.807.0989

4HEALTH

4HEALTH | 877.807.0989