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Vol XXXI No. 190
DIMAPUR, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 16, 2021 Pages 12 ` 5.00
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Govt report flags ‘lapses’ in Nagaland bat study NEW DELHI, JUN 15 (AGENCIES): More than a year after a probe into a filovirus study of bats in Nagaland by the Bangalorebased National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS) and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), the government has concluded that there had been “concerning lapses” in the conduct and protocols followed for the study, even as an inter-department row continues over where the bat samples should be stored. The Hindu had first reported in February 2020 on the enquiry being initiated into whether adequate permissions had been sought for the study that had listed two scientists at the Wuhan Institute of Virology as “coauthors”, and was partially funded by the U.S. Department of Defence through its Defence Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA). In 2020, a committee convened by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), which consisted of officials from the Ministries of External Affairs, Defence, Home Affairs, Health, Environment, Law, Departments of Science & Technology, De-
CEOs urged to make sustained year-round efforts Spl. Correspondent
NEW DELHI, JUN 15 (NPN): Election Commission of India (ECI), which organized a virtual conference of the Chief Electoral Officers (CEOs) of all the States and UTs on Tuesday, emphasized that CEOs should make sustained yearround efforts to engage with new voters for registration and other services like correction, change of address etc for existing voters. While addressing the CEOs, Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) Sushil Chandra stressed the importance of such periodic review meetings for revamping back-end systems so the voter centric services could be delivered swiftly and efficiently on priority. Reiterating the importance of an updated and error-free electoral roll, CEC asked the CEOs to share the best practices of the various innovative steps taken by the poll-gone states for learning and customization for future elections. Election Commissioner Rajiv Kumar said that CEOs of the recently poll-gone states should suggest ways of scaling up/ integrating their successful best practices.
This is it!
“He says A is for Asymptomatic, B for Bats, C for Covid, D for Diabetes; E for Endemic, F for Flu..” K Y M C
velopment of North Eastern Region, and others met “to streamline processes and avoid such lapses in the future,” a report prepared by the Ministry of Health said. Both the foreign-funding of the study, that cost an estimated Rs.1.9 crore, as well as concerns over the storage of the bat samples collected came up for scrutiny. No Wuhan link: The findings of the report became significant given the debate over the origins of the Covid-19 worldwide, and handling of bat samples at the Wuhan Institute laboratory, given that both studies share one common co-author. However, scientific experts and officials that The Hindu spoke to made it clear that the Nagaland bat study on filoviruses
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(Ebola and Marburg) was in no way related to the coronavirus (SARs) studies at Wuhan. When contacted, NCBS director Satyajit Mayor said he had no knowledge of the Health Ministry’s report’s conclusions. “We are not aware of lapses,” said Mayor, in written replies to The Hindu. “The [bat] samples we have collected are invaluable to research and understanding zoonotic pathogens,” he added, directing all further enquiries on the clearances and bat samples to the Ministry of Health. However, both the Ministry of Health report dated February 2021, as well as a series of communications between the Ministry of Health and Welfare, and the Depart-
ment of Atomic Energy, which oversaw the NCBS study in October-November 2020, referred to the issues. The Hindu has seen copies of these documents. “The research publication raised serious concerns as the samples were collected from humans and bats with intent to test for viral pathogens and resulting antibodies of highly infectious pathogens (risk group 4 viruses). The study didn’t have the requisite approval of ICMR. Moreover, the facility at NCBS was not equipped in terms of biosafety and biosecurity to undertake such testing,” states the Health Ministry report. “The inquiry committee (including Health Ministry and ICMR officials) visited NCBS, Bangalore as well as Nagaland to understand the work done, methodology followed, and places visited during the course of the study,” said the report, adding that they found “concerning lapses in the study protocols and procedures”. “All the lapses were discussed and appropriate actions were suggested,” it added. Safe storage issues:
Meanwhile differences over the storage of the Nagaland bat samples between the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), and the Ministry of Health continue. The Health Ministry wants the samples of nucleic acid extract stored at the Bio Safety Level -4 (BSL-4) standard facility at the National Institute of Virology laboratory in Pune, rather than NCBS’s Bengaluru facilities, that are rated BSL-3 at present. While the DAE contends that the samples were “non-infectious” and had been checked for the presence of filoviruses (Ebola and Marburg), the Health Ministry contends that such samples must be handled in a laboratory equipped for “biosafety and biosecurity conditions” as otherwise they can pose a “significant public health hazard”. “The issue of bio-security comes under Department of Biotechnology, and ICMR has no business raising any concerns on a study done by NCBS, which is an institution under the Department of Atomic Energy,” said noted virologist Gagandeep Kang.
international, Page 9
Risk of death following Covid-19 vaccination is negligible: Centre NEW DELHI, JUN 15 (PTI): The health ministry on Tuesday termed as “incomplete” and of “limited understanding” media reports which stated that 488 deaths between January 16 and June 7 following vaccination were linked to post-Covid complications, and highlighted that the vaccination coverage during this period was 23.5 crore. The number of deaths reported following COVID19 vaccination in the country is only 0.0002 per cent of the 23.5 crore doses administered, and this is within
the expected death rates in a population, it said. In a population, deaths occur at a certain rate. The crude death rate in 2017, according to sample registration system (SRS) data, was 6.3 per 1,000 persons annually, the ministry said. It is also important and pertinent to note that the mortality rate for those testing positive for COVID-19 is more than one per cent and vaccination can prevent these deaths, it said. “Therefore, the risk of dying following vaccination is negligible as compared to
the known risk of dying due to COVID-19,” the ministry stated. The ministry also referred to some media reports suggesting an increase in the cases of severe adverse events following immunisation (AEFI) that have also resulted in “succumbing of patients” post vaccination. “It is clarified that these reports are based on incomplete and limited understanding of the matter at hand. It may be noted that the term ‘succumbed’ insinuates causality i.e. the deaths were caused due to vaccination,” the ministry said.
First death confirmed due to anaphylaxis: AEFI
A
government panel studying COVID19 vaccine side effects has confirmed the first death due to anaphylaxis following vaccination. The causality assessment of 31 reported serious AEFI cases following COVID-19 vaccination was carried out by the panel. According to a report by the National AEFI Committee, a 68-year-old man died due to anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) after (Cont’d on p-8) being vaccinated on March
8, 2021. “It is the first death linked to COVID-19 vaccination due to anaphylaxis. It re-emphasises the need to wait for 30 minutes at the inoculation centre after receiving the jab. Most of the anaphylactic reactions occur during this period and prompt treatment prevents deaths,” Dr NK Arora, chairperson, National AEFI committee, told PTI. The Committee examined five such cases that took place on February 5, eight
cases on March 9 and 18 cases on March 31. As per data in the first week of April, the reporting rate is 2.7 deaths per million vaccine doses administered and 4.8 hospitalisations per million vaccine doses administered, the report stated. The panel said mere reporting of deaths and hospitalisations as serious adverse events does not automatically imply that the events were caused due to vaccines.
Novavax set for India Human behaviour crucial to break Covid chain: AIIMS chief launch; more efficacious than Covishield, Covaxin Novavax has scored
90.4% in efficacy test conducted in US and Mexico
Novavax, named Covovax
in India, is in advanced stages of phase 2/3 bridging trials with SII enrolling 1,600 participants across 15 centres
As per India estimates, 20cr Novavax shots can be available during Sept-Dec. SII has also indicated and interest in conducting trails in children
NEW DELHI, JUN 15 (AGENCIES): The latest anti-Covid vaccine that will be available in India by September-October this year will be Covovax. According to a media report, it will be called Covovax in India and the Centre expects 200 million doses of the vaccine to be available for use in India by the end of 2021. US biotechnology firm Novavax announced that its Covid19 vaccine demonstrated over 93 per cent efficacy against the predominantly circulating virus variants of concern and variants of interest and offered 100 per cent protection against
moderate and severe disease. The vaccine is likely to be priced at Rs 1,114 per dose in India. The vaccine will be a two-dose jab like the other vaccines The NVX-CoV2373, as the vaccine being made by the US-based biotechnology firm Novavax, Inc. is called, has shown 90.4 percent overall efficacy in Phase 3 clinical trials. That puts it in the same bracket as two of the frontline vaccines being used in the US and European countries, the ones produced by Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, which had efficacy rates of 91.3 percent and 90 percent in Phase 3 trials, respectively. The Novavax jab’s efficacy rate is also substantially higher than the Covishield (76 percent in US trials) and the Covaxin (81 percent) vaccines that are driving India’s inoculation drive. The third vaccine currently cleared for use in India, the Russian-made Sputnik V, has an almost similar efficacy rate of 91.6 percent.
NEW DELHI, JUN 15 (IANS): As the second wave of Covid seems to have been brought under control in the last few days with a sharp dip in new cases across the country and several states gradually lifting lockdowns, AIIMS director, Dr Randeep Guleria, on Tuesday stressed that human behaviour would be crucial to break spread of infection in any subsequent wave. Guleria, who, along
with Health Ministry officials, was briefing the press on Covid-19 situation, said that the number of cases have declined because of strict lockdowns, but also noted that while the restrictions helped in lowering infections, it does not mean that Covid-19 has gone away. “But, once the restrictions are lifted, people think Covid has ended now and their behaviour towards
Covid-19 will change all of sudden. People stop wearing masks, and maintain social distancing or other Covid appropriate behaviour, which pave the way for a subsequent wave. Hence, people’s behaviour is crucial to fight against Covid pandemic, otherwise it will invite another wave,” he added. Explaining why one Covid wave is followed by a subsequent wave, he said Covid-19 is a respiratory
tions were surging across the country. It said the extended gap was recommended by the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation (NTAGI), based on reallife evidence mainly from the United Kingdom. Yet NTAGI scientists, classified by the government as three of the 14 “core members”, said the body did not have enough data to make such a recommendation. M.D. Gupte, a former director of the state-run National Institute of Epidemiology, said NTAGI had
On whether the third possible Covid wave would be more serious for children, Guleria said: “As of now, there is no such evidence which can prove that the next wave will be more serious for children. If we see the second wave’s data, it emerged that up to 60-70 children were admitted in hospitals, their immunity was very low or they were suffering with some other infections also...”
State logs 101 fresh Covid cases, 3 deaths World’s smallest dinosaur is COVID-19 STATUS AS ON June 15, 2021 actually a prehistoric lizard District
Asymptom- Mild atic
Dimapur 1249 62 5 Kiphire 21 Kohima 563 14 Longleng 3 20 Mokokchung 435 16 Mon 55 0 Peren 5 0 Phek 33 0 Tuensang 157 11 Wokha 43 1 Zunheboto 73 6 Total 2736 135
ACTIVE CASES Symptomatic Severe Moderate ICU On On (without Oxy- Oxy- ventilagen gen tor) 21 9 16 1 0 1 11 9 0 3 1 0 1 3 0 4 0 2 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 2 0 0 50 23 19
DIMAPUR, JUN 15 (NPN): Nagaland on Tuesday registered 101 Covid-19 positive cases and three deaths. Of the fresh cases, 31
RecovDeath ered
ICU (On ventilator 6 9905 295 0 114 5 3 6419 75 0 101 0 0 515 27 0 847 6 0 571 0 0 281 15 0 557 6 0 131 4 0 312 12 9 19753 445
Non Covid Deaths Miwith gratCovid 19 ed Positivity 10 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 14
Total Cases
487 12058 1 147 102 7196 10 140 36 1132 15 932 2 579 2 335 2 732 5 189 8 414 670 23854
were from Dimapur, Kohima-25, Mokokchung-12, Tuensang-10, seven from Longleng, six each in Mon and Zunheboto, two in Kiphire and one each in Peren
and Wokha, taking the total caseload to 23,854. Meanwhile, three more persons succumbed to the infection-- two in Dimapur and one in Wokha, taking the death toll to 459 (including 14 non-Covid deaths but with Covid positivity). PTI: India saw a single-day rise of 60,471 new Covid cases, the lowest after 75 days, taking the total tally to 2,95,70,881, according to the Union Health Ministry data updated on Tuesday. The Covid-19 death toll climbed to 3,77,031 with 2,726 fresh deaths, the data updated at 8 am showed The active cases further declined to 9,13,378 comprising 3.09 per cent of the total infections.
We didn’t back doubling of vaccine dosing gap: Scientists NEW DELHI, JUN 15 (REUTERS): Government of India doubled the gap between the two doses of the AstraZeneca Covid-19 vaccine without the agreement of the scientific group that it said recommended the increase, three members of the advisory body told Reuters. The Health ministry announced the decision to change the gap from 6-8 weeks to 12-16 weeks on May 13, at a time when supplies of the shot were falling short of demand and infec-
virus and comes in multiple waves. “Coronavirus is a respiratory virus like influenza and it is well-known fact that when there is pandemic, respiratory virus comes in multiple waves until its transmission chain is completely broken. We have seen that during Spanish flu during 1918 and H1N1 in 2009 (Swine flu pandemic), multiple waves were seen.”
backed increasing the dosing interval to 8-12 weeks - the gap advised by the World Health Organization. But he added that the group had no data concerning the effects of a gap beyond 12 weeks. “Eight to 12 weeks is something we all accepted, 12 to 16 weeks is something the government has come out with,” he added. “This may be alright, may not be. We have no information on that.” This was echoed by his NTAGI colleague Mathew Varghese, who said the group’s recommendation
was only for 8-12 weeks. The ministry did not respond to requests for comment. The ministry’s statement on May 13 said that it had accepted the 12-16 weeks recommendation from NTAGI’s Covid working group, as had a group of mainly government officials tasked with vaccine administration, known as NEGVAC. Government health officials told a news conference on May 15 the gap was not increased to address a vaccine shortage but was a “scientific decision”.
J.P. Muliyil, a member of the seven-strong Covid working group, said there had been discussions within the NTAGI on increasing the vaccine dosage interval but that the body had not recommended 12-16 weeks. “That specific number was not quoted,” he said, without elaborating. N.K. Arora, head of the Covid working group, declined to comment on its recommendations but said all its decisions were taken collectively by the NTAGI at large. (Cont’d on p-8)
Oculudentavis naga was named after Nagas from Myanmar and India AT L A N TA , J U N 1 5 (AGENCIES): A tiny skull entombed in 99-millionyear-old amber that became the subject of scientific debate last year was initially thought to belong to the world’s smallest dinosaur species. However, the highprofile March 2020 scientific paper that unveiled the discovery of Oculudentavis khaungraae was retracted later that year. New research published on Monday, based on another, better-preserved amber specimen, suggests that the skull was from a prehistoric lizard, reports CNN. “It’s a really weird animal. It’s unlike any other lizard we have today,” said co-author of the new study Juan Diego Daza, a herpetologist and assistant professor of biological sciences at Sam Houston State University in Texas, in a news release. “We estimate that many lizards originated during this time, but they still hadn’t evolved their modern appearance,” he
Oculudentavis naga, as depicted in this artist’s reconstruction. (Image: Stephanie Abramowicz/ Peretti Museum Foundation/ Current Biology)
said. “That’s why they can trick us. They may have characteristics of this group or that one, but in reality, they don’t match perfectly.” The authors of the new paper published in the journal Current Biology named the creature Oculudentavis naga in honor of the Naga people of India and Myanmar, where the amber was found. They said it was from the same family or genus as Oculudentavis khaungraae, but likely a different species. Oculudentavis means “eye tooth bird” in Latin, but Daza said taxonomic rules for naming and organizing animal species meant that they had to continue using it even though it wasn’t accurate. (Cont’d on p-8) K Y M C