Architecture Portfolio Nalin Bhatia
CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL DETAILS
2nd Year:
Rural Development Centre, Ashapuri, MP.
Nalin Bhatia
Settlement Study
4th Year Studen, B.Arch Nationality: Indian Address: A-91, Sector-23, Noida, UP, India. E-mail: nalinbh@gmail.com Mob: +91 9971935058
Playschool, Gurgaon 1st Year:
Faculty House Design Measure Drawing of a haveli in bikaner Rajsthan.
OBJECTIVE
Case Study, Villa Radaelli
Seeking 5th year internship in an architectural firm that will enhance my skills and enable me to learn and practice architecture in a more efficient and sustainable manner.
3d Abstractions Public Seating Design
EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS SKILLS AND INTERESTS 2011 - Present: 1997 - 2011:
B.Arch from Sushant school of art and architecture(affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Inraprastha University, Delhi.) Somerville School, Noida, UP. Class XII(CBSE) - 94.4% ( 2nd position in Science Stream) 1st position in Mathematics - 99% 1st position in Fine Arts - 99% Class X(CBSE) - 88%
PROJECTS 4th Year: Architectural Thesis - International Business complex, Noida( Consisting of
business hotel, business centre and rentable offices). Mainly caters to the business travellers and corporate sector prominent in the city. Urban design, Jaipur Dissertation - Building Envelope Performance through energy efficiency in Hotels. 3rd Year: Mixed use transit oriented development, Nehru Place, New Delhi.
Cultural Centre, Noida. Working Drawings of the hotel block of the cultural centre (Building Construction).
Software skills: Autocad Manual skills: Revit Architecture 3ds Max Google Sketchup and Vray Lumion Adobe Photoshop Adobe Illustrator eQuest( Energy Simulation) Climate consultant(weather and solar tool) Microsoft Office Strengths and Sustinable design Interests: Energy efficieny Hospitality design Tall buildings Market Research Site Analysis 3d visualisations Building Information Modelling
Drafting Sketching Model Making Rendering with ink and pen Laser cutting
CONTENTS
01 URBAN DESIGN
02 MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT 03 CULTURAL CENTRE
04 WORKING DRAWINGS
05 PLAYSCHOOL 06 RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE
07 DISSERTATION
01 URBAN DESIGN JAIPUR
URBAN DESIGN
PROJECT BRIEF THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDIO WAS TO UNDERSTAND AND ANALYZE THE PLANNING, GROWTH AND VARIOUS FACTORS LIKE TOURISM, ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER, HISTORY, MORPHOLOGY AND TRANSPORT OF THE CITY OF JAIPUR AND PROPOSE A SUITABLE INTERVENTION THAT WOULD NOT ONLY UPLIFT THE CITY BUT ALSO HELP TO CONSERVE THE RICH TRADITIONS AND HERITAGE THE CITY HAS. FOR THE PURPOSE OF STUDY, THE CITY WAS DIVIDED INTO 4 ZONES AND EACH UNIT COMPRISED OF 20 STUDENTS WAS ASSIGNED EACH ZONE. BASED ON DETAILED ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS LAYERS OF THE ZONE, STUDENTS IDENTIFIED THEIR INTERVENTION AREAS AND PROGRAM BASED ON ISSUES RELATED TO THE ZONE.
JAIPUR IS THE CAPITAL AND THE LARGEST CITY OF THE STATE OF RAJASTHAN. IT WAS FOUNDED IN NOVEMBER 1727 BY MAHARAJA SAWAI JAI SINGH II, THE RULER OF AMBER, AFTER WHOM THE CITY IS NAMED. IT IS A MAJOR TOURIST DESTINATION AND FORMS PART OF THE FAMOUS DLEHI-AGRA-JAIPUR TOUR TRIANGLE ALSO KNOWN AS THE GOLDEN TRIANGLE.
JAIPUR CITY MAP MAP OF STUDY ZONE
EVOLUTION OF JAIPUR DELHI
Vidyadhar Nagar (1980)
Ganesh Garh
Ganesh Garh
To Amer
Ganesh Garh
AMBER (AMER FORT 1592) Ram Niwas Bagh
Galta ji
Galta ji
Galta ji Moti Dungri
City Palace (1729-1732)
x
Palace Complex
Palace Complex
Hath Roi JAIPUR
Hath Roi
Chand Pol 2X Suraj Pol
JAI NIWAS & TALKATORA Kishan Pol
Shiv Pol
Ganghi Nagar
Sun Temple
Sun Temple
Hath Roi
Jawahar Kala Kendra (1986)
Sun Temple
Ganghi Nagar Station
Ram Pol
Shankar Garh
Shankar Garh Ghat Ki Ghuni
Shankar Garh Ghat Ki Ghuni
Jawaharlal Nehru Marg
Ghat Ki Ghuni
NH 11 NH 11
ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS LAYERS
Jawahar Circle
Jaipur International Airport (2005)
HOTELS LANDMAKS
MORPHOLOGY
HEIRARCHY OF OPEN SPACES
HEIRARCHY OF ROADS
TOURISM
TRANSPORT ANALYSIS
TRANSPORT ANALYSIS
SELECTION OF SITE THE SITE WAS CHOSEN BECAUSE OF THE FOLLOWING REASONS: POTENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A COMMERCIAL STRETCH DUE TO EXISTING MI ROAD MARKET AND MALLS. EXISTING TOURIST CIRCUIT CONTAINS LARGE POCKETS OF RESIDENTIAL SPACES EXISITNG SLUM IN NEED OF EMPLOYMENT CONNECTION WITH MI ROAD
THE GOVT. HOSTEL CIRCLE IS AN IMPORTANT NODE AS IT IS AN INTERSECTION OF 4 BUS ROUTES
CHOMU HOUSE CIRCLE
TRANSITION IN SHOPPING CULTURE ACROSS THE CORRIDOR CHAURA RAASTA MARKET -WALLED CITY-HERITAGE ZONE
THE GREEN BUFFER PATCH ALONG THE RAILWAY LINE IS MAINLY USED FOR SLEEPING AND OTHER UNAUTHORISED ACTIVITIES
MI ROAD MARKET -BRANDED RETAIL -FOOD OUTLETS -C.P OF JAIPUR EXISTING MALLS IN JAIPUR -M.G.F METROPOLITAN MALL CRYSTAL MALL
THE BAIS GODAM CIRCLE IS A MAJOR NODE WITHIN THE SITE AS IT IS THE INTERSECTION OF TWO ARTERIAL ROADS AND NATIONAL HIGHWAY
BUS NO.6 BUS NO.8 BUS NO.10
ARTERIAL ROAD
BUS NO.5
HIGHWAY
BUS NO.9
IMPORTANT NODES
BUS NO.3 BUS STOP
INFERENCE : THE NH 11 HIGHWAY IS AN IMPORTANT CORRIDOR WITH DOMESTIC TOURIST AS WELL AS LOCAL TRAFFIC AND HENCE NEEED TO BE DEVELOPED.
MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS
INFERENCE : THE THREE MAJOR NODES CONTAIN THREE MAJOR BUS STOPS BUT THEY ARE NOT WELL DEVELOPED.
TOURISM ANALYSIS
RAILWAY STATION
PREDOMINANT RESIDENTIAL ZONE
SMALL SCALE UNAUTHORISED RETAIL SHOPS
CRYSTAL MALL
RAJ MAHAL HOTEL
SECTRATERIAT
CRYSTAL MALL HOLIDAY INN HOTEL
HOLIDAY INN HOTEL
WALLED CITY MARKET
MI ROAD
MGF MALL
SAHAKAR BHAWAN
MALLS
TRANSITION IN SHOPPING EXPERIENCE MGF METROPOLITAN MALL BUDGET HOTELS SAWAI MAN SINGH STADIUM LANDMARKS SOUTH JAIPUR TOURIST CIRCUIT MI ROAD TOURIST CIRCUIT
INFERENCE : THE SITE CONTAINS LARGE POCKETS OF RESIDENTIAL SPACES BUT VERY FEW COMMERCIAL SPACES TO CATER TO.
BHOJPURA SETTLEMENT
INFERENCE : CONCENTRATION OF BUDGET HOTELS ALONG MI ROAD AND RAILWAY LINE CAN ACT AS POTENTIAL DRIVERS.
URBAN DESIGN OPEN SPACES ANALYSIS
LIVE, WORK, PLAY ANALYSIS
KEY ISSUES: INCREASING PRESSURE ON WALLED CITY MARKETS AND MI ROAD ICICI BANK
TEMPLE
LACK OF COMMERCIAL SPACES BEYOND MI ROAD AND WALLED CITY
GROCERY STORE
SHIVAJI NAGAR RESIDENCE
UNEMPLOYMENT IN BHOJPURA SETTLEMENT LACK OF NIGHT TIME ACTIVITY
RAJ MAHAL HOTEL ENTRY
NO SCOPE OF EXPANSION OF CRAFTS WITHIN THE WALLED CITY TO MALLS
BEAUTY PARLOUR
VISION PRESENT CONDITION OF OPEN SPACES.
TO CREATE A NEW SHOPPING EXPEREINCE AND URBAN LIFESTYLE FOR THE PEOPLE.
OBJECTIVES TO REDUCE PRESSURE ON WALLED CITY MARKETS AND MI ROAD. INFERENCE : THE NH 11 ROAD IS FREQUENTLY USED BY RESIDENTS ON A DAILY BASIS.
INFERENCE : THERE ARE MANY OPEN SPACES THAT ACT AS GAPS IN IN THE BUILT FABRIC THAT CAN BE POTENTIAL SITES FOR INTERVENTION
SWOT ANALYSIS
TO PROMOTE NIGHT TIME ACTIVITY.
STRUCTURAL PLAN
THE SWOT ANALYSIS WAS DONE KEEPING IN MIND EVERY OBJECTIVE THAT WAS TO BE CATERED AND FROM WHICH THE STRATEGIES ARRIVED
OBJECTIVE TO PROMOTE NIGHT TIME ACTIVITY OPPORTUNITY: WIDE DEAD OPEN SPACE BESIDE THE MALLS STRENGTH: EXISTING MALLS, MI ROAD AND TOURIST CIRCUIT WEAKNESS: MALLS NOT ABLE TO GENERATE ENOUGH NIGHT TIME ACTIVITY THREAT: DEAD SPACES BESIDE MALLS CAN BECOME UNSAFE
OBJECTIVE TO CREATE A COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR FOR THE CITY OPPORTUNITY: HIGHWAY 11C PASSES THROUGH THE STRETCH STRENGTH: EXISTING MALLS AND MI ROAD WEAKNESS: NO CONNECTION BETWEEN MI ROAD AND EXISTING MALLS THREAT: HUGE SETBACKS BECOME UNSAFE PLACES
THE CREATION OF A COMMERCIAL HUB WHICH JAIPUR IS LACKING. ACTIVATING THE POTENTIAL STRETCH THROUGH MALLS AND RETAIL SPACES
OPPORTUNITY: EXISTIND MALLS STRENGTH: EXISTING SLUM AND MALLS
THREAT: OVERCROWDING AND INCREASED TRAFFIC ON EXISTING MARKETS
OBJECTIVE : TO REDUCE PRESSURE ON MI ROAD AND WALLED CITY MARKETS OPPORTUNITY: POTENTIAL COMMERCIAL STRETCH STRENGTH: EXISTING MALLS, MI ROAD AND TOURIST CIRCUIT AS WELL AS SLUM PEOPLE WEAKNESS: VERY LITTLE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY HAPPENING THREAT: INCREASING PRESSURE ON WALLED CITY AND MI ROAD MARKETS
TO CREATE A COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR FOR THE CITY.
STRATEGIES
: OBJECTIVE TO EXTEND SHOPPING EXPERIENCE BEYOND WALLED CITY AND MI ROAD
WEAKNESS: POOR STREET CHARACTER
TO EXTEND SHOPPING EXPERIENCE BEYOND WALLED CITY AND MI ROAD.
INCLUSION OF MARKETS SELLING CRAFTS MADE WITHIN THE WALLED CITY. FILLING OF OPEN SPACES OR GAPS TO STICH THE FABRIC
REINVENTING THE OPEN SPACES THAT ACT AS GAPS BETWEEN COMMERCIAL AND RESISENTIAL. ENHANCING THE RELATIONSHIP OF BAIS GODAM CIRCLE WITH EXISTING FABRIC
ENHANCING THE RELATIONSHIP OF BAIS GODAM CIRCLE WITH EXISTING FABRIC
STITCHING THE EXISTING SOCIAL BARRIER BETWEEN BHOJPURA AND EXISTING FABRIC
2 3
VIEW OF THE TOURIST COMPLEX 2
4
5 1 6 7
C
1
VIEW OF THE STREET CAFES
1 2 3 4 5 6
B
9
C’
B’
8
1
7 PARKING BUDGET HOTELS HOSTELS 8 PARK 8 STREET CAFES WORKING STUDIOS SWIMMING POOL TENNIS AND BASKETBALL COURT OPEN AIR THEATRE
6
1
1
D
D’ 1
1
1
1 1 1 1
2
VIEW OF THE CRAFTS CENTRE 3 5
INTERVENTION PLAN
4
1 2 3 4 5 6
CRAFT EXHIBITION AND RETAIL SPACES VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTRE LODGING VOCATIONAL TRAINING CENTRE FOOD PLAZA PROPOSED ELEVATED STREET
1
1
VIEW OF THE MALL DISTRICT 1
A
2
A’
C
1
11 14
3
VIEW OF THE CIRCLE
12
6
4
6
STREET CHARACTER
6 13
16
3
15
5
EXISTING
8
7 MALL
BANQUET AND AUDITORIUM
SECTION AA’
1 MALLS 2 RAJ MAHAL HOTEL 3 RESTAURANTS 4 CRYSTAL MALL 5 HOLIDAY INN HOTEL 6 EXTENSION TO MALLS 7 BAIS GODAM CIRCLE 8 MGF MALL 9 HOLIDAY INN HOTEL 10 OPEN PLAZA 11 BANQUET AND AUDITORIUM 12 ART GALLERY 13 GUEST ROOMS 14 BANQUET KITCHEN 15 AMPHITHEATRE 16 FOOTOVER BRIDGE
10 9
TOURISTS COMPLEX MALL DISTRICT RESTAURANTS
CULTURAL CENTRE
BAIS GODAM CIRCLE CRAFTS DEVELOPMENT CENTRE
BUDGET HOTEL
PARK
BUDGET HOTEL
SECTION BB’
INTERVENTION GREEN SPACE
CRAFT EXHIB
SECTION DD’
CAFE
BUDGET HOTEL
SECTION CC’
CRAFT EXHIB
02 MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT NEHRU PLACE, DELHI
MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT BRIEF
EROS HOTEL
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDIO WAS TO PROPOSE A MIXED USE TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT BASED ON THE GUIDLINES ISSUED BY UTTIPEC. THE PR OJECT SEEKS TO IMPLENT TRANSIT ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT IN ORDER TO MAKE THE ENVIRONMENT MORE FRIENDLY FOR THE PEOPLE, ENHANCE MOBILITY, REDUCE CONGESTION AND TRAVELLING TIME. THE SITE CHOSEN WAS LOCATED WITHIN 100 METER RADIUS OF THE TRANSIT HUB WHICH IS THE NEHRU PLACE METRO STATION.
NEHRU PLACE MARKET IFCI TOWER
SITE
LOCATION: NEHRU PLACE, NEW DELHI SITE AREA: 10,000 SQM. BUILT UP: 71,330 SQM. FOOTPRINT: 5730 SQM.
NEHRU PLACE METRO STATION
PROGRAMMATIC CONCEPT
RETAIL ON GROUND TO 2ND FLOOR AND STUDIO APARTMENTS FROM 3RD TO 6TH FLOOR
BUSIEST NODE METRO COROWD
RETAIL AND STUDIO APARTMENTS
OFFICE CROWD
RECREATIONAL OFFICES AND HOUSING
recreatioanl block
tower 1
24%
tower 2
55% RETAIL AND COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL
21%
RESIDENTIAL NCREASE IN PRIVACY LEVEL
THE DESIGN WAS TO BE BASED ON A PROGRAMMATIC CONCEPT AND THE RELATIONSHIP OF VARIOUS PRAGRAMS WITH EACH OTHER. THE DESIGN AND ZONING OF DIFFERENT PROGRAMS WAS BASED ON ACCESS, CATCHMENT OF CROWD AND LEVEL OF PRIVACY REQUIRED.
OFFICES
HOTEL RETAIL – 8%
OFFICES
HOUSING FOR 1ST CATEGORY– 9.6%
OFFICES
– 11.7% RECREATIONAL OFFICES – 24%
RETAIL AND COMMERCIAL PROGRAM RELATIONSHIP
HOTEL– 26.2 %
ZONING OF DIFFERENT PROGRAMS
ND AND 3RD HOUSING FOR 2 CATEGORY – 11.4%
VERTICAL CIRCULATION
8 FLOORS OF HOUSING FOR CATEGORY 2 AND 3. EVERY FLOORS CONSITIS OF 2 UNITS FOR 1ST CATEGORY OF 85 SQ.M IN AREA AND I UNIT FOR CATEGORY 3 125 SQ.M. IN AREA. BOUTIQUE HOTEL LOCATED IN BOTH THE TOWERS. THE HOTEL HOUSES 104 ROOMS OCCUPYING 5 FLOORS. 5 FLOORS OF OFFICE SPACE LOCATED IN BOTHE TOWERS. TOTAL ALLOCATED AREA TO OFFICES IS 8350 SQM.
PLAZA ENCLOSED BY RESTAURANTS, CAFE AND A SUPERMARKET. ACTS AS A RECREATIONAL ZONE.
8 FLOORS OF HOUSING FOR CATEGORY 2 AND 3. EVERY FLOOR CONSISTS OF 2 UNITS FOR 1ST CATEGORY AND 1 UNIT FOR CATEGORY 3
BOUTIQUE HOTEL OCCUPYING 5 FLOORS IN BOTH THE TOWERS AND HAS 104 ROOMS
4TH TO 6TH FLOOR CONSIST OF STUDIO APARTMWNTS EACH 50 SQM. IN AREA GROUND TO 3RD FLOORS CONSITIS OF RETAIL SHOPS FACING THE MAIN STREET.
5 FLOORS OF OFFICE SPACE IN BOTH THE TOWERS WITH A TOTAL 8350 SQM. IN AREA
VIEW OF THE COMPLEX
FRONT BLOCK FACING THE MAIN STREET. HAS 3 FLOORS OF RETAIL SHOPS AND 3 FLOORS OF STUDIO APARTMENTS ABOVE.
GROUND AND 1ST FLOOR ALLOCATED TO BOOK CAFE
SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
GROUND FLOOR SITE PLAN
1ST BASEMENT PARKING
SECOND BASEMENT PARKING
MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT
VIEW OF OFFICE ENTRY
INTERIOR VIEW OF OFFICE
TYPICAL OFFICE FLOOR PLAN
VIEW OF HOTEL BLOCK
VIEW OF POOL DECK
HOTEL LOBBY FLOOR PLAN
TYPICAL HOTEL FLOOR PLAN
HOUSING DESIGN
2ND CATEGORY:
1ST CATEGORY:
2ND CATEGORY:
1ST CATEGORY:
Young married couples having young children/no children
Young unmarried working professionals Age group: 20- 30 years account for majority of the working class in nehru place
3rd CATEGORY:
LIVING ACTIVITIES:
LIVING ACTIVITIES:
BACHELORETTE SINGLE MOSTLY EATS OUT LOWER INCOME PARTIES ODD SLEEPING HOURS MAINLY USE PUBLIC TRANSPORT
ONE FAMILY UNIT COUPLE EATS OUT ONLY ON WEEKENDS HIGHER INCOME MORE PRIVACY MAINLY USE PRIVATE TRANSPORT
Couples with children above 12 yrs of age/ joint families constitute minority of the working class in nehru place
RECREATION SOCIAL INTERACTION ACCESSIBLITY LESS TRAVEL SAFETY
METRO CATCHMENT AREA HOUSING FOR CATEGORY 1
3RD CATEGORY: CATEGORY 2
LIVING ACTIVITIES: ONE FAMILY UNIT COUPLE WITH CHILDREN/JOINT FAMILY EATS OUT ONLY ON WEEKENDS HIGHER INCOME THAM 2ND CAT. PREFER MORE ISOLATION MAINLY USE PRIVATE TRANSPORT
CATEGORY 3
PARKING DIVISION OF HOUSING IN TERMS OF NO. OF UNITS 10% 20%
NEHRU PLACE BEING A HEAVY URBAN ZONE, WOULD ACCOMODATE ONLY MULTISTORY HOUSING.
70%
TYPOLOGIES 6000
LIVING/DINNING
MORE LEVEL OF PRIVACY
MAIN STREET
OTHER USE
BEDROOM
8500
8500
KITCHEN
KITCHEN 6000
LOW END RESIDENTIAL
6000
8000
LOW END RESIDENTIAL -CORRIDOR ACCESS
HIGH END RESIDENTIAL
OTHER USE
M. BEDRROM BEDRROM DINNING
INTERACTION SPACE
BEDRROM
INTERACTION TO MAIN STREET
M. BEDRROtM
HIGH END RESIDENTIAL -LOBBY ACCESS
FOR CATEGORY 1 (STUDIO APARTMENT)
FOR CATEGORY 2 (2 BHK)
FOR CATEGORY 3 (3 BHK)
FOR CATEGORY 2 (2 BHK) FOR CATEGORY 2 (2 BHK)
HOUSING SITE PLAN
FOR CATEGORY 3 (3 BHK)
FOR CATEGORY 1 (STUDIO APARTMENT)
MIXED USE DEVELOPMENT
A
A’
SITE PLAN 1
2
4
3
5
7
6
8
9
10
11
12
RESIDENTIAL
14
13
15
16
17
18
HOTEL
FRONT ELEVATION
OFFICES
COMMERCIAL BASEMENT PARKING 8500
8000
8000
10228
8500
9067
6000
8000
6000
6000
6000
5906
134357
SECTION AA’
10155
8500
8500
8500
8500
SIDE ELEVATION
03 CULTURAL CENTRE NOIDA
CULTURAL CENTRE
PROJECT BRIEF
NOIDA CITY CENTRE METRO STATION
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE DESIGN EXERCISE WAS TO ATTEMPT TO CREATE AN IDENTITY FOR A NEW CITY-NOIDA WHICH LACKS A SOCIO-CULTURAL UNDERCURRENT RESULTING IN IDENTITY CRISIS BY INTRODUCING A CATALYTIC ARCHITECTURAL INTERVENTION IN THE HEART OF THE CITY THAT LAUNCHES NOIDA AS A CULTURAL EPI-CENTRE. THE SITE CHOSEN FOR THE PROJECT WAS SECTOR-33A WHICH IS LOCATED IN THE HEART OF THE CITY.
SECTOR - 33
SITE
LOCATION: SECTOR-33A, NOIDA SITE AREA: 35 ACRES BUILT UP: 117340 SQM. FOOTPRINT: 20,000 SQM. PROGRAMS: HOTEL, CASINO, THEATRE
WAVE CITY CENTRE
SECTOR-24
CONCEPT
FROM THIS VOLUMETRIC ARRANGEMENT, THE FORM WAS EVOLOVED BASED ON CERTAIN DRIVING FORCES LIKE DIFFERENT PATTERNS, AXES AND FORCE FIELDS.
GLOBALIZATION
GLOBALIZATION
THE DESIGN DEVELOPMENT WAS BASED FIRSLTY ON SCENARIO PLANNING IN WHICH THE CURRENT DRIVING SECTORS IN THE CITY WERE FOUND OUT. THESE DRIVING SECTORS HAVE THEIR CORRWSPONDING BUILT FORMS ON THE BASES OF WHICH THE PROGRAM WAS DERIVED. THE NEXT STAGE WAS TO ALLOT PERCENTAGES OF AREA TO DIFFERENT PROGRAMS. THESE PROGRAMS WERE NOW ARRANGED IN 6 DIFFERENT VOLUMETRIC ARRANGEMENTS AND THE MOST APPROPRIATE ONE WAS CHOSEN WHICH BEST RELATED TO THE SITE AND THE PROGRAM.
TRANSLATION INTO BUILT FORMS
IDENTIFICATION OF DRIVING SECTORS
TRADE BUSINESS CAPITALIZATION IMPORT/EXPORT HOSPITALITY OUTSOURCING SOFTWARE AND IT ECONOMY FOREIGN AFFAIRS
TOURISM ART AND CRAFT THEATRE MUSIC HISTORY AND HERITAGE SPORTS
CAPITALIST
SOCIALIST
HIGH RISE MORE BUILT LESS GREEN FEW OPEN SPACES LIMITED PUBLIC SPACE FRAGMENTED
SPREAD OUT MORE PUBLIC SPACE SIGNIFICANT GREEN SPACE HEIRARCHICAL COHERENT
SOCIALIST CAPITALIST
EDUCATION HEALTHCARE RECREATION RELEGION SOCIALIZAION FESTIVITYAND EVENTS SPORTS
SHOPPING AND RETAIL MEDIA AND TELEVISION MANUFACTURING ADMINISTRATION FOOD TRANSPORT AND SUPPLY
RESTRICTED CENTRALIZED LARGE GREEN SPACE MORE OPEN SPACES SEMI PUBLIC SPACES MEDIUM HEIGHT
REGIONALIZATION
MIXED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SPACE MEDIUM RISE LIMITED GREEN SPACE FRAGMENTED CHAOTIC
REGIONALIZATION
GLOBALIZATION
OFFICES CONFERENCE HALLS BUSINESS CENTERS
CINEMA = 2804
SQM.
3%
HOTEL = 42067 SQM. 45%
A CULTURAL COMPLEX CONTAINING :
ART GALLERY AUDITORIUM THEATRE MUSEUM MEDIA
HOTEL CASINO CINEMA PERFORMING ARTS CENTRE RESTAURANTS
HOSPITALITY TOURISM CLUBS RESTAURANTS MALLS
7% 3%
4% RESTAURANTS= 3739 SQM.
8% OFFICE AND ADMIN = 2804 SQM. CASINO =7478 SQM
.
CIRCULATION AND SERVICES = 30%
CAPITALIST
DISTRIBUTION AND INTEGRATION OF VARIOUS PROGRAMS
PERFORMING ARTS CENTRE = 6544 SQM.
TWO FORM PATTERNS EMERGE FROM THE DERIVED PROGRAMS
AXES OF CONNECTIVITY ON SITE
PERFORMING ARTS AND CINEMA COURTYARD/ATRIUM SPACES HOTEL AND RESTAURANTS
ACESS ROAD
CASINO
FRAGMENTED
COHERENT AND HIERARCHICHAL
GREEN SPACES
INTERMEDIATE SITE DIAGRAM
PLACEMENT ON SITE
DIFFERENT VOLUMETRIC ARRANGEMENT OF PROGRAMES PROGRAMMATIC VOLUMES ARRANGEMENT 1
PROGRAMMATIC VOLUMES ARRANGEMENT 4
PROGRAMMATIC VOLUMES ARRANGEMENT 2
PROGRAMMATIC VOLUMES ARRANGEMENT 5
PROGRAMMATIC VOLUMES ARRANGEMENT 3
PROGRAMMATIC VOLUMES ARRANGEMENT 6
LEGEND ROOMS CASINO SUITE/VILLA COMPLEX KITCHEN AREA PERFORMING ARTS THEATRE CINEMAS BANQUETS BALLROOM RESTAURANTS, CAFÉ AND BARS OFFICES FOYER NIGHT CLUB
CULTURAL CENTRE AXES
DRIVING FORCES FOR FORM EVOLUTION
VISUAL AXES ACROSS THE SITE.
PATTERNS
G
COHERENCE AND HEIRARCHY THE AXES ARE BASED ON THE DIFFERENT VIEWS AND BUILT AND OPEN SPACES ACROSS THE SITE.
FIELD LINES ACROSS THE HORIZONTAL PLANE. SINCE BOTH THE REGIONS ARE OF ALMOST EQUAL SIZE AND HEIGHT, THEY GENERATE A FAIRLY EQUAL PAIR OF OPPOSITE CHARGES.
CENTRAL PIVOT OR CENTRE OF MASS OF THE SITE.
FRAGMENTATION THE FIELD GENERATES FORCES TO ALIGN THEFORM IN ITS PATH. THE INCLINATION IS FROM POSITIVE TO NEGATIVE WHICH RESULTS IN A BETTER VIEW AND ORIENTATION.
ARRANGEMENT OF VOLUMES BASED ON THE VISUAL AXES.
RESIDENTIAL/ LOW RISE
INTERMEDIATE HYBRID PATTERN
RESIDENTIAL
INSTITUTIONAL
ALONG THE VERTICAL PLANE, THE REGIONS DIFFER WIDELY IN SIZE AND HEIGHT. THEREFORE, THE WAVE CITY CENTRE CREATES A STRONG POSITIVE CHARGE OVER SECTOR 33. MIXED USE/HIGH RISE DIPOLAR NATURE OF SITE
THE SHAPE AND SIZE OF THE OBTAINED VOLUMES IS NEITHER STRICTLY COHERENT NOR FRAGMENTED BUT A HYBRID REPRESENTATION OF THE TWO PATTERNS.
PLANES OF PROPOGATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS.
THE FIELD GENERATES FORCES TO ALIGN THEFORM IN ITS PATH. THIS FORCES THE FORM TO RISE HIGH TOWARDS THE RESIDENTIAL AND LOW TOWARS WCC. THIS WILL ENSURE BETTER ACCESS AND VIEW ACROSS THE SITE AS THE FORM WILL NOT BE BLOCKED BY THE WCC.
RELATING TO THE SITE
FORM EVOLUTION
STAGE 1: INTIAL VOLUMETRIC MASS
STAGE 2: FORM AFFECTED BY HORIZONTAL FIEL LINES
STAGE 2: FORM AFFECTED BY VERTICAL FIEL LINES
STAGE 4: FORM AFFECTED BY WAVE LIKE PATTERN OF FIELD
STAGE 5: ADDITION OF SKIN GENERATED BY THE WAVE PATTERN
HOTEL FLOOR PLANS
7TH FLOOR
6TH FLOOR
5TH FLOOR
CROSS SECTION THROUGH THE HOTEL 4TH FLOOR
SITE PLAN
3RD FLOOR
VIEW OF THE PLAZA IN FRONT OF THE HOTEL VIEW OF THE HOTEL POOL DECK
GROUND FLOOR
CULTURAL CENTRE CASINO FLOOR PLANS
ROOF SKIN
2ND FLOOR (VIP)
VIEW OF THE CASINO DROP OFF
1ST FLOOR
GROUND FLOOR
BASEMENT (VAULT AND SECURITY)
VIEW OF THE THEATRE DROP OFF
THEATRE PLAN
04 WORKING DRAWINGS, HOTEL THE OBJECTIVE OF THES STUDIO WAS TO DEVELOP WORKING CONSTRUCTION DRAWINGS OF A PREVIOUSLY ACCOMPLSHED DESIGN PROJECT. STUDENTS WERE ASKED TO RESOLVE ONE BUILDING OUT OF THE WHOLE COMPLEX. FOR THE PURPOSE, THE HOTEL BLOCK OF THE CULTURAL CENTRE IN NOIDA WAS CHOSEN. THE SITE AND FORM OF THE BUILDING WAS MODIFIED TO SIMPLIFY THE SCALE.
STRUCTURAL PLAN
SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN
SEWAGE DISPOSAL PLAN
SECTION AA’
DIMENSION PLAN
TOILET DIMENSION PLAN
SANITARY LAYOUT PLAN
SECTION AA’
SECTION CC’
WASHBASIN FIXING DETAIL
SUNKEN SLAB DETAIL
WORKING DRAWINGS - HOTEL
FLOOR EXPANSION JOINT DETAIL TERRACE FLOOR TRAP DETAIL
CURB STONE AND GUARD WALL DETAIL TERRACE EXPANSION JOINT DETAIL
MACHINE ROOM AND LIFT WELL DETAIL
DETAILS
GATE DETAILS STONE CLADDING DETAIL
05 PLAYSCHOOL GURGAON, INDIA
PLAYSCHOOL
PROJECT BRIEF THE IDEA WAS TO CREATE A PLAYSCHOOL FOR KIDS IN THE AGE GROUP OF 2-4 YEARS. THE SITE CHOSEN FOR THE DESIGN WAS LOCATED IN SECTOR-56, GURGAON. THE SURROUNDING FABRIC CONSISTED MOSTLY OF MIG RESIDENTIALAPARTMENTS WITH ONLY ONE PLAYSCHOOL TO CATER TO THE ENTIRE SECTOR. LOCATION: SECTOR-56, GURGAON SITE AREA: 2000 SQM. BUILT UP: 1150 SQM. FOOTPRINT: 610 SQM.
SITE
THE COLOURFUL AND ASYMMETRIC FORM ON THE SITE ATTEMPTS TO STAND AS A UNIQUE ELEMENT AMONGST THE DULL AND MONOTONOUS CHARACTER OF THE EXISTING RESIDENTIAL FABRIC. AT THE SAME TIME, THE STRAIHT LINES AND SQUARISH GEOMETRY TENDS TO BLEND IN WITH THE EXISTING FABRIC WHICH HAS THE SAME CHARACTER.
CONCEPT - RUBIK’S CUBE
THE RUBIKS CUBE IS SUCH OBJECT THAT IS SMALL, AND HAS A VERY SIMPLE AND BASIC SHAPE YET ONE OF THE MOST COMPLICATED AND DIFFICULT THING TO RESOLVE. THE PERSONALITY OF A CHILD IS QUITE SIMILAR IN THE SENSE THAT THE CHILD IS SMALL, INNOCENT AND SIMPLE YET THE MOST DIFFICULT THING TO RESOLVE AND ITS COLOURS SYMBOLISE THE COLOURFUL AND PLAYFUL NATURE OF CHILDREN. THE FORM THROUGH ABSTACTION ATTEMPTS TO BRING OUT THIS PERSONALITY OF A CHILD .
THIS DESIGN EXERCISE WAS CONCEPT BASED. STUDENTS WERE ASK TO DEVELOP THEIR DESIGN ON THE BASIS OF A CONCEPT THAT ESTABLISHES AN ABSTRACT RELATION WITH THE THEME OF THE PROJECT.
FORM EVOLUTION
SIMPLE SQUARE PLAN
EXTRUSION TO 3 LEVELS
COLOURFUL FACADE
45 DEGREE ALTERNATE ROTATION
A
B
THE PLAYSCHOOL CONSISTS OF 5 CLASSROOMS WITH A CAPACITY OF 20 STUDENTS EACH, A MUSIC ROOM, AN ACTIVITY ROOM, AN AUDIOVISUAL ROOM AND A SMALL TERRACE POOL FOR THE CHILDREN. 2ND FLOOR PLAN
SECTION AA’
1ST FLOOR PLAN
B’
SITE PLAN
A’
AS FOR THE STAFF, IT HAS TWO STAFFROOMS FOR 10 TEACHERS EACH AND A PRINCIPLES AFFICE. TO CATER TO THE NEEDS OF THE CHILDREN, A SMALL KITCHEN AND A MEDICAL ROOM HAS BEEN PROVIDED.
SITE PLAN SECTION BB’
GF PLAN
THE FRONT FACADE, OR TH RECEPTION AREAOF THE BUILDING IS PROVIDED WITH A CURTAIN WALL TO MAXIMIZE DAYLIGHT AND TRANSPARENCY AS THIS IS THE ONLY PUBLIC ZONE IN THE BUILDING. THE STAFF WING AND THE REMAINING SERVICE ZONES ARE DONE IN EXPOSED BRICKWORK WHEREAS THE STUDENTS CLASSROOMS ARE PAINTED IN DIFFERENT COLOURS AS IN A RUBIK’S CUBE.
PLAYSCHOOL KIDS TOILET KITCHEN CLASSROOM
CLASSROOM
RECEPTION
INTERIOR VIEW OF THE RECEPTION
PRINCIPLE’S OFFICE
GROUND FLOOR PLAN 3D STAFFROOM
INTERIOR VIEW OF A CLASSROOM
VIEW FROM CORRIDOR TO PLAYGROUND
VIEW OF THE TERRACE KIDS POOL
06 RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE ASHAPURI VILLAGE, MADHYA PRADESH
RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE
PROJECT BRIEF THE DESIGN EXERCISE WAS BASED ON A STUDY TOUR TO BHOPAL, MADHYA PRADESH, WHERE SETTLEMENT STUDY OF A VILLAGE CALLED ASHAPURI - ABOUT 50KM FROM BHOPAL WAS CARRIED OUT. BASED ON THE STUDY, THE STUDENTS DECIDED UPON A SITE AND APPROPRIATE PROGRAM. LOCATION: CONTEXT: SITE AREA: FOOTPRINT: BUILT UP: PROGRAM:
ASHAPURI, MADHYA PRADESH RURAL 3000 SQM. 875 SQM. 1850 SQM. A RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE CONSISTING -OF A MUSEUM (ALREADY EXISTING), -VOCATIONAL TRAINING AREA, -GATHERING HALL, - SHOPS, - GUEST BLOCK CONSISTING OF GUEST ROOMS AND A CAFFETERIA
SETTLEMENT STUDY
LOCATION OF ASHAPURI VILLAGE
MAP OF ASHAPURI VILLAGE
ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS LAYERS
BEFORE CONDUCTING THE DESIGN PROCESS, A DETAILED SETTLEMENT STUDY OF THE VILLAGE WAS DONE. ANALYSIS OF THE BUILT FABRIC WAS DONE THROUGH VARIOUS LAYERS LIKE OPEN SPACES, CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY, BUILT TYPOLOGY AND CASTE. BASED ON THE STUDY, A 3000 SQM. SITE WAS IDENTIFIED LOCATED JUST NEAR THE ENTRANCE TO THE SETTLEMENT. THE SITE ALREADY HAD AN EXISTING MUSEUM OF ANCIENT STONE SCULPTURES THAT HAD BEEN FOUND IN THE RUINS OF AN ANCIENT SETTLEMENT NEARBY BY ARCHEAOLOGISTS.
CASTE
THE IDEA WAS TO CREATE A RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE BY INTEGRATING THE MUSEUM.
OPEN SPACES
BUILT TYPOLOGY
CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUE
ZONE OF STUDY
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
PRIMARY STREET(CONCRETE)
PLAN
PLAN
ELEVATION
ELEVATION
SECONDARY STREET(CONCRETE)
THERE ARE THREE MAIN STREETS, THE PRIMARY STREET(SOUTHERN) CONSISTS OF HOUSES IN STONE, BRICK, AND CEMENT CONSTRUCTION WHICH IS A RECENT CONSTRUCTION, SECONDARY STREET CONSISTS OF TRADITIONAL HOUSES I.E. THERE IS A HEIRARCHY OF SOCIAL SPACES IN HOUSES (VERANDAHS, COURTYARDS). THE TERTIARY STREET IS NARROWER THAN OTHER TWO STREETS.HOUSING IS VERY CONGESTED WITH MINIMUM OPEN SPACES IN THE HOUSE.
BUILDING TYPOLOGIES
THIS TYPOLOGY IS MOSTLY UTILISED BY NUCLEAR FAMILIES,IT HAS SEMI OPEN FRONT COURTYARD ,WHICH IS USED FOR WASHING, SITTING AND FOR SOCIAL INTRACTION.
TERTIARY STREET(STONE)
SECTION
SECTION
SEMI-OPEN SPACE IN FRONT OF HOUSE
NO OPEN SPACE
THIS TYPOLOGY IS BASICALLY USED BY NUCLEAR FAMILIES BECAUSE OF ITS SIZE, IT HAS NO OPEN SPACE PEOPLE STAY OUTSIDE THE HOUSE DURING DAY TIME.
STREET ELEVATIONS
STREET SECTIONS
ELEVATION OF SECONDARY STREET
TERTIARY STREET SECTION -MAXIMUM ENCLOSURE
ELEVATION OF PRIMARY STREET
PRIMARY STREET SECTION -MINIMUM ENCLOSURE
THIS TYPOLOGY WAS COMMON IN CASES WHERE FAMILY SIZE WAS BIGGER.THE CENTRAL COURTYARD PROVES TO BE A USEFUL AREA,WHERE THE LADIES OF THE FAMILY SIT THROUGHOUT THE DAY CARRYING THEIR DAILY ACTIVITIES LIKE WASHING CLOTHES AND UTENSILS, COOKING.THE CENTRAL COURTYARD IS ALSO UTILISED TO PLACE A COW STABLE. 3 SIDED CLOSED COURTYARD
ELEVATION OF TERTIARY STREET
SECONDARY STREET SECTION -MEDIUM ENCLOSURE
VIEW OF SECONDARY STREET
VIEW OF PRIMARY STREET
VIEW OF TERTIARY STREET
RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE WOODEN PERGOLAS ON PLANTER BENCHES WOODEN BRIDGE
LOTUS POND RED BRICK PAVERS TERACOTTA ROOF SHINGLES
ROOF PLAN SITE LOCATION
GROUND FLOOR SITE PLAN
FIRST FLOOR PLAN
SECTIONS
SECTION AA’
SECTION BB’
A
B
B’
A’
KEY PLAN
RURAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE ELEVATIONS
EAST ELEVATION
WEST ELEVATION
NORTH ELEVATION
SOUTH ELEVATION
07 DISSERTATION TOPIC: BUILDING ENVELOPE PERFORMANCE THROUGH ENERGY EFFICIENY IN HOTELS
Energy use in hotels
In today’s world, where everyone is talking about green architecture and buildings being sustainable, in hotels, attention is only being paid on the systems and products installed within the building and the shell of the building, i.e., the envelope is often overlooked as most of the thought is placed on the exterior aesthetics only. The research paper is an attempt to identify the impact of the building’s envelope on the overall energy consumption and the global warming potential as when it comes to construction planning; many hotels are focused on marketability and attracting business. It seeks to create awareness among architects, engineers and clients about the growing need for sustainability and the energy savings that can be done by the employment of energy efficient materials and practices within the building’s envelope.
Energy use in hotels
8%
Air conditioning
5%
8%
Illumination 46%
12%
Kitchen/cold storage Water supply/boilers
21%
Laundary Elevators
Significance of Study In the hotel industry, sustainability measures are being employed but mostly to the products and services within the building like lighting, HVAC, equipment etc. However, there is very little emphasis on the building’s envelope as most of the thought is placed on the exterior aesthetics only. Therefore, this research attempts to create awareness regarding the importance of the envelope in the overall energy consumption of the building.
Hotels constitute one of the most energy and resource-intensive branches in Objectives building sector as they are operational for 24 hours. Substantial quantities of energy are consumed in providing comfort and services to guests, many • To understand the building envelope in terms of energy consumption in of who are accustomed to, and willing to pay for exclusive amenities, hotels. treatment and entertainment. The energy efficiency of the many different • To study the materials employed in the building envelope of hotels end-users in hotel facilities is frequently low, and the resulting environmental • To study the embodied energy and operational energy consumption and impacts are, therefore, typically greater than those caused by other types life cycle assessment of a hotel of buildings of similar size. The effects on the environment are caused by • To understand the environmental impacts of energy consumption in hotels. the excessive consumption of resources (e.g., water, food, electricity, and fuels), as well as by emissions released to air, water and soil. The large Research Questions quantities of waste products generated in hotel facilities pose a further significant environmental threat. • How the building envelope contributes to the energy consumption in a hotel ? The energy use varies substantially between different types of hotels, and • How the building envelope’s embodied energy contributes to the overall is affected by hotel size, class/category, the number of rooms, customer global warming potential? profile (guests visiting for business/on vacation), location (rural/remote or • What is the overall impact of embodied and operational energy to the urban), climate zone, as well as by the types of services/activities and global warming potential? amenities provided to guests. A hotel can be seen as the architectural combination of three distinct zones, Research Methodology all serving distinctly different purposes: • The guest room area (bedrooms, bathrooms/showers, toilets) individual spaces, often with extensive glazing, asynchronous utilization Primary Case and varying energy loads. Secondary Case Study: Studies: • The public area (reception hall, lobby, bars, restaurants, meeting Life cycle Case studies on assessment of the LCA and building rooms, swimming pool, sauna, etc.) - spaces with a high rate of heat building envelope envelopes of a business hotel exchange with the outdoor environment (high thermal losses) and high internal loads (occupants, appliances/equipment, and lighting). • The service area (kitchens, offices, store rooms, laundry, staff facilities, machine rooms and other technical sections) – energy-intensive Limitations of Research areas typically requiring advanced air handling (ventilation, cooling, heating) (Hans De Keulenaer, 2008). The research has the following limitations: The energy flows occurring in these three areas are usually very different, and need to be handled accordingly. Past investigations of the energy use in hotels have shown that electricity is the primary source of energy in the hotel industry, while the shares of gas and oil are considerably smaller. The amount of electricity consumed in hotels is thus a good indicator of the overall energy expenditure in this sector.
• • •
Analysis and simulation Calculations of operational energy of hotel with different options of the built form, envelope and insulation
Conclusion and Recommendation Best possibility of the envelope in terms of energy efficiency Recommendation for designers
The research only focuses the guest room block of the business hotel as this accounts for the majority of the building. The research only focuses in the exterior shell, i.e. the building’s envelope The human energy is taken as zero for all calculation purposes
DISSERTATION Application of 4 envelope systems
Primary case study methodology
Conclusions: The primary case study was done on the basis of different parameters that affect the changes in the energy consumption of the building envelope and subsequently, the entire building. To reach to any conclusion, it is important to look at all the aspects and parameters taken into consideration together. To understand this better, the results of the study have been categorized as follows:
Operational •Calculation of Operational energy for different built forms in 8 different orientations Energy
Least
•Noting down the case with least operational energy
• • • •
OE Embodied
•Application of four different envelope systems on the above case and calculation of embodied energy for each case
energy
Curtain Wall
Burnt clay bricks with paint
Stone cladding
Cavity wall with Air gap
Built Form From the graph, it is clear that the doubly loaded corridor plan is the most suitable option in a warm climate like Delhi NCR. The L shape can also be considered relating to the site conditions.
Findings:
•Calculation of cumulative enegy for each case over a period of 50 years by adding the Cumulative recurring embodied energy and operational energy for 50 years Energy
600000
Orientation According to the simulation results, the singly and doubly loaded corridor plans and the courtyard plan are the most efficient in the north-south orientation whereas the L shaped plan is the most efficient in the west orientation. Hence, it is important to understand the relationship between form and orientation while designing any structure.
500000
•To study the effect of insulation of the envelope system with the least cumulative energy
400000
Energy(GJ)
Effect of Insulation
Embodied Energy
300000
Operational Energy
Guest rooms should ideally face the north and south directions in case of the double loaded corridor plan as inferred from the case study.
Cumulative Energy
200000
4 Different built forms of the same plan
Built Form Orientation Envelope material Insulation
100000
Envelope Material
0 Brick masonry Curtain wall
Doubly Loaded
Stone Cladding
Cavity Wall
Cumulative Energies 600000000 500000000 Energy(MJ)
From the above graph, it is clear that the most energy intensive option is the curtain wall system, whereas the most energy efficient is the cavity wall system.
Singly Loaded
L Shape Courtyard
Stone Cladding Cavity wall
0 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Years
Insulation
10500000
9500000
Operational Energy L shape
9000000
Operational Energy Singly Loaded
8500000
Operational Energy Doubly Loaded
8000000
Operational Energy Courtyard
7500000 7000000 North
North West
West
South South West
South East
East
North East
After simulating all the four options of built form, it is found that the least operational energy occurs in the case of doubly loaded corridor plan in the south direction. Therefore, we consider this option for further calculation of embodied energy and cumulative energy.
7500000
7000000
6500000 Roof Wall
6000000
Therefore, from the above values, we notice that though there is little reduction in the operational energy when the roof is insulated, there is significant saving when the walls are insulated. From the above graph, we also infer that on initially adding insulation to the envelope, there is a drastic reduction in the operational energy; however, as we keep on increasing the insulation values, the effect of insulation keeps on reducing.
5500000
5000000 Uninsulated
1 inch
2 inch
3 inch
4 inch
Net savings in energy in case of roof insulation is upto 3% whereas in case of wall insulation, the saving is upto 18%.
400000000
Energy(MJ)
10000000 Energy(MJ)
Curtain Wall
200000000
In order to reduce the overall energy for the option of cavity wall in doubly loaded corridor plan, we add polystyrene insulation to the roof and walls of various thicknesses and find out the corresponding values of operational energy
11000000
Burnt Clay Bricks
300000000
100000000
Effect of Insulation
Analysis of Operational Energy
400000000
Cavity wall although has a high initial investment and higher embodied energy due to double layer of walls, it substantially reduces the operational energy and hence the cumulative energy. By employing the cavity wall, one can save up to 15 kWh/ m2 annually.
350000000
Recurring Embodied Energy
300000000
Initial Embodied Energy
250000000 200000000
Operational Energy without insulation
150000000
Operational Energy with insulation
100000000
Cumulative energy
50000000
Cumulative energy with insulation
0 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Just by adding wall insulation inside the cavity of the cavitywalls, one can save upto 45 kwh/m2 annually, i.e., upto18% savings in energy.
Nalin Bhatia A-91, Sector-23, Noida, UP, India. nalinbh@gmail.com +91 9971935058