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table of Contents
project description............................................................................................pages 3 article "Hate and the Quake"...........................................................................pages 4 -6 key statements..................................................................................................pages 8 pictorial references............................................................................................pages 9 folding tests.......................................................................................................pages 10 thumbnails.........................................................................................................pages 11 -13 communication styles ........................................................................................pages 10 type studies.......................................................................................................pages 15 rough sample......................................................................................................pages 16 roughs................................................................................................................pages 17-22 revisions.............................................................................................................pages 23-25 pre-final layouts..................................................................................................pages 26- 31 revisions (finals)..................................................................................................pages 32-34 finals...................................................................................................................pages 35 - 36
k.nelson | typography studio1 |project 3| experimental booklet
Project Description A booklet will be created that illustrates and enacts the ideas of a chosen article, story, or other piece of literature while staying true to the content and communicating the message to a preselected audience. The text permitted by the author must clearly state a point of view. The option is open to the artist to write his own literature as well.
Creative Brief I will attempt to capture the aura of the document selected in a 4 panel brochure using key statements within visual hierarchy and other elements of design to express artistically the political and historical value of the article. The design will feature traces of the cultural values of a developing nation spiraling through oppressive colonial government, slavery, rebellion to the independence of the first black republic of the western hemisphere.
Research I will be using an excerpt from Sir Hilary Beckles “The Hate & the Quake” published in Nation News 1/17/10. Sir Beckles is the Principal of the University of the West Indies in Barbados and has written many articles on political science and West Indian history. This piece that will be graphically re-constructed looks at Haiti’s subdued history that has come to the fore, since an earthquake of 7.0 destroyed its capital, Port-au-Prince on January 12, 2010.
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The hate and the quake BY SIR HILARY BECKLES THE UNIVERSITY OF THE WEST INDIES is in the process of conceiving how best to deliver a major conference on the theme Rethinking And Rebuilding Haiti. I am very keen to provide an input into this exercise because for too long there has been a popular perception that somehow the Haitian nation-building project, launched on January 1, 1804, has failed on account of mismanagement, ineptitude, corruption. Buried beneath the rubble of imperial propaganda, out of both Western Europe and the United States, is the evidence which shows that Haiti's independence was defeated by an aggressive North-Atlantic alliance that could not imagine their world inhabited by a free regime of Africans as representatives of the newly emerging democracy. The evidence is striking, especially in the context of France. The Haitians fought for their freedom and won, as did the Americans fifty years earlier. The Americans declared their independence and crafted an extraordinary constitution that set out a clear message about the value of humanity and the right to freedom, justice, and liberty. In the midst of this brilliant discourse, they chose to retain slavery as the basis of the new nation state. The founding fathers therefore could not see beyond race, as the free state was built on a slavery foundation. The water was poisoned in the well; the Americans went back to the battlefield a century later to resolve the fact that slavery and freedom could not comfortably co-exist in the same place. The French, also, declared freedom, fraternity and equality as the new philosophies of their national transformation and gave the modern world a tremendous progressive boost by so doing. They abolished slavery, but Napoleon Bonaparte could not imagine the republic without slavery and targeted the Haitians for a new, more intense regime of slavery. The British agreed, as did the Dutch, Spanish and Portuguese. All were linked in communion over the 500 000 Blacks in Haiti, the most populous and prosperous Caribbean colony. As the jewel of the Caribbean, they all wanted to get their hands on it. With a massive slave base, the English, French and Dutch salivated over owning it - and the people. !"#$%&'#()(*+,'-./,0+(&*123'4(),.'5$6*(7)($8,$.39$#*/%(:''!%$*(
The people won a ten-year war, the bloodiest in modern history, and declared their independence. Every other country in the Americas was based on slavery. Haiti was freedom, and proceeded to place in its 1805 Independence Constitution that any person of African descent who arrived on its shores would be declared free, and a citizen of the republic. For the first time since slavery had commenced, Blacks were the subjects of mass freedom and citizenship in a nation. The French refused to recognise Haiti's independence and declared it an illegal pariah state. The Americans, whom the Haitians looked to in solidarity as their mentor in independence, refused to recognise them, and offered solidarity instead to the French. The British, who were negotiating with the French to obtain the ownership title to Haiti, also moved in solidarity, as did every other nation-state the Western world. Haiti was isolated at birth - ostracised and denied access to world trade, finance, and institutional development. It was the most vicious example of national strangulation recorded in modern history. The Cubans, at least, have had Russia, China, and Vietnam. The Haitians were alone from inception. The crumbling began. Then came 1825; the moment of full truth. The republic is celebrating its 21st anniversary. There is national euphoria in the streets of Port-au-Prince. The economy is bankrupt; the political leadership isolated. The cabinet took the decision that the state of affairs could not continue. The country had to find a way to be inserted back into the world economy. The French government was invited to a summit. Officials arrived and told the Haitian government that they were willing to recognise the country as a sovereign nation but it would have to pay compensation and reparation in exchange. The Haitians, with backs to the wall, agreed to pay the French. The French government sent a team of accountants and actuaries into Haiti in order to place a value on all lands, all physical assets, the 500 000 citizens were who formerly enslaved, animals, and all other commercial properties and services. The sums amounted to 150 million gold francs. Haiti was told to pay this reparation to France in return for national recognition. The Haitian government agreed; payments began immediately. Members of the Cabinet were also valued because they had been enslaved people before independence. Thus began the systematic destruction of the Republic of Haiti. The French government bled the nation and rendered it a failed state. It was a merciless exploitation that was designed and guaranteed to collapse the Haitian economy and society. !"#$%&'#()(*+,'-./,0+(&*123'4(),.'5$6*(7)($8,$.39$#*/%(:''!%$*(
Haiti was forced to pay this sum until 1922 when the last instalment was made. During the long 19th century, the payment to France amounted to up to 70 per cent of the country's foreign exchange earnings. Jamaica today pays up to 70 per cent in order to service its international and domestic debt. Haiti was crushed by this debt payment. It descended into financial and social chaos. The republic did not stand a chance. France was enriched and it took pleasure from the fact that having been defeated by Haitians on the battlefield, it had won on the field of finance. In the years when the coffee crops failed, or the sugar yield was down, the Haitian government borrowed on the French money market at double the going interest rate in order to repay the French government. When the Americans invaded the country in the early 20th century, one of the reasons offered was to assist the French in collecting its reparations. The collapse of the Haitian nation resides at the feet of France and America, especially. These two nations betrayed, failed, and destroyed the dream that was Haiti; crushed to dust in an effort to destroy the flower of freedom and the seed of justice. Haiti did not fail. It was destroyed by two of the most powerful nations on earth, both of which continue to have a primary interest in its current condition. The sudden quake has come in the aftermath of summers of hate. In many ways the quake has been less destructive than the hate. Human life was snuffed out by the quake, while the hate has been a long and inhumane suffocation - a crime against humanity. During the 2001 UN Conference on Race in Durban, South Africa, strong representation was made to the French government to repay the 150 million francs. The value of this amount was estimated by financial actuaries as US$21 billion. This sum of capital could rebuild Haiti and place it in a position to re-engage the modern world. It was illegally extracted from the Haitian people and should be repaid. It is stolen wealth. In so doing, France could discharge its moral obligation to the Haitian people. For a nation that prides itself in the celebration of modern diplomacy, France, in order to exist with the moral authority of this diplomacy in this post-modern world, should do the just and legal thing. Such an act at the outset of this century would open the door for a sophisticated interface of past and present, and set the Haitian nation free at last. Ă&#x;l Sir Hilary Beckles is pro-vice-chancellor and Principal of the Cave Hill Campus, UWI.
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Permission The following e-mail is proof of granted permission to typographically express Professor Beckles article :
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k.nelson | typography studio1 |project 3| experimental booklet
Research contâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d Key statements beneath the rubble of imperial propaganda Western Europe and the United States defeated by an aggressive North-Atlantic alliance Haitians fought for their freedom and won, the value of humanity and the right to freedom, justice, and liberty. slavery as the basis of the new nation state. water was poisoned in the well slavery and freedom could not comfortably co-exist in the same place. freedom, fraternity and equality as the new philosophies Haitians for a new, more intense regime of slavery. the jewel of the Caribbean, they all wanted to get their hands on it. war, the bloodiest in modern history refused to recognise Haiti's independence and declared it an illegal pariah state. Americans, whom the Haitians looked to in solidarity as their mentor in independence, refused to recognise them negotiating with the French to obtain the ownership title to Haiti Haiti was isolated at birth - ostracised and denied access to world trade, finance The Haitians were alone from inception. The crumbling began. There is national euphoria in the streets of Port-au-Prince. bankrupt; the political leadership isolated. 150 million gold francs. Haiti was told to pay this reparation Americans invaded the country in the early 20th century, one of the reasons offered was to assist the French in collecting its reparations. Haiti did not fail. It was destroyed by two of the most powerful nations on earth, and set the Haitian nation free at last
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“Consider summarizing portions of your article in this final design for your booklet. It's almost impossible to generate all your articles especially since most of them are very long. Aim for the interesting, highlights of the article. Perhaps, you treat the design as intro, climax and conclusion... ” – Prof Henry
Pictorial references
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Folding dynamics Here are various folding patterns I am thinking of :
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Thumbnails Concept 1 â&#x20AC;Śbeneath the rubble of imperial propagandaâ&#x20AC;Ś
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Concept 2 “… water was poisoned in the well…”
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Concept 3 “… water was poisoned in the well…”
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Type communication styles Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been leaning towards a political type treatment hence the following posters were researched :
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Type Studies
Caslon PRO 18pt. bold Haiti did not fail. It was destroyed by two of the most powerful nations on earth,
letter Gothic std. 14pt. The sums amounted to 150 million gold francs. Haiti was told to pay this reparation to France in return for national recognition.
News Gothic Std 16 pt Haiti was isolated at birth - ostracised and denied access to world trade, finance, and institutional development. It was the most vicious example of national strangulation recorded in modern history.
Helvetica 16 pt The collapse of the Haitian nation resides at the feet of France and America, especially. These two nations betrayed, failed, and destroyed the dream that was Haiti; crushed to dust in an effort to destroy the flower of freedom and the seed of justice.
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Rough (sample) This is a rough rendering of what Concept 2 may resemble… “… water was poisoned in the well…”
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Roughs The following roughs,based on Concept 2, were rendered using the serious and legible font family of Helvetica. The colour scheme was developed from the Haitian flag. After some consideration and suggestion from colleagues, I decided to shape the page in a circular fashion. Inspired by the line “ water was poisoned in the well ” the design reflects the downward spiral that has faced Haiti over the centuries highlighted now by its existing devastation. The book will be printed on matte card stock and will be riveted at one point to allow the pages to swivel in revealing the information. I think the choice of paper reflect the gravity of the situation as I considered glossy stock would glamourise Haiti!s current crisis. Having the pages swivel from one end was to communicate the nation!s sovereignty hanging in hope.
“…I like #2 the "water in the well"concept. Have you thought of creating a circular book format to emphasize the well shape? Maybe the pages could radiate out from the center, or be bound at only one point so that they are revealed one at a time…” – E. Ehlenbeck “…The visual graphic in your last idea, along with the very strong quote you have pulled from the article, is very thought-provoking. I like the rhythm of the elements you are using to create the "well…" – M. Lufty
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Page 1
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Page 2
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Page 3
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Page 4
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Page 5
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Revisions comments : “…The circular format is going to be a very powerful statement in this design. The viewer will hold the piece and literally be entrenched in the words. I do have to agree with Marshelle, that you need more unification to tie all the pages together. It might be as simple as the graphic screened in the background, but for this to read as a book, I would suggest a bit more unity throughout. Looking forward to the final !...” – M. Lufty Cohesiveness is definitely a good suggestion to piggy-back on others suggestions... Not that you need to stray from what you have now, but consider treating all of your elements on your various pages with a similar style or technique. Showing more of the background as someone mentioned might be one avenue... but maybe it's simply the style of of your images - like a texture or placement on each page. You could also consistently place your copy - so on each page you gain cohesiveness and expectations from your reader for the text to be in the same spot... – A. Phillips
Page 1
“…Literal translation sometimes can beat the design to death but when design consider the qualities of that representation and put it into a perspective where the viewer is entranced and begin to offer thought for the viewer to capture. That’s when the design is a success. Having the booklet in a circular shape is interesting but it limits you from using your space effectively. Every page is entrapped into a circular format that presents many problems (readability, visibility and placement). What if the edges of the page was rounded or slightly rounded?...how do you create the idea of a circle without really making the page a circle? Also, some of your pages just feel very filled and busy. Again, I think your shape has constricted the composition to flow in that nature. I would re-evaluate your pages and see how you may create a stronger visual consistently that may play more fluidity throughout your booklet…” – Professor Henry
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The cohesive issue was addressed in page 2 and 4 resulting in the following results : Page 2
Prof. Henry, … I have accepted the suggestion for the circular shape for the book, The circular theme had caught my imagination. In reading Sir Beckles' piece, I was lead in this direction by the fact that Haiti is stuck in a downward spiral, trapped from all angles - history, politics, race, economics... the Haitian's have had little or no breathing room to succeed and Beckles points to this in the use of the words/phrases like "strangle", "poisoned in the well", "trapped with their backs against the wall". While the idea of the well is perhaps a simple visual representation of the words, I feel that although the sape is limiting it challenges me to "make it work". I believe that the chosen snippets of text reflect the confined and compressed state of affairs in Haiti and show both the thread of Sir Beckles argument as well as add a consistent thread to the design.… – K. Nelson’s rationale
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Page 4
This issue was resolved by background of the page 1 common to each page of the booklet. The following photograph reveals the printed booklet.
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Pre-Final layouts Page 1
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Page 2
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Page 3
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Page 4
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Page 5
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Photos (book comps)
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Revisions - (FINALS) I've carefully considered interrupting this "restrictive" element of composing the book in the circular format. I've tried fitting the circle within the square it did add some "air" to the design but it also transform my hard metaphor of "economic suffocation" . The shape change did further subtract from the design complement of panel 3, representing the coins that embodies the financial motif. Instead ,I added more functionality of the book by using the body text of the article ,highlighting sections that echo the graphics of panels 1-5 . This further supplement typographical hierarchy and contrast and clarity of my intentions.
"...I find that your design is very restrictive to the nature of the article and compositionally. I think that we still need to find a breathing room somehow to alleviate the tightness and stuffiness of the design... " - Prof. Henry "...Bringing the cover graphics into the other pages created a much more cohesive look to the overall piece. It also helps to see the photo of the final solution – it puts all of the separate pages into context. I know you were trying to show the restrictive state of Haiti with the circular format, yet it seems to have been limiting (to the design) in the end..." - M.Coyle
The final spread and mock ups representing the folding dynamics are in the following pages :
k.nelson | typography studio1 |project 3| experimental booklet
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